ANNUAL REPORT, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1955 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS U. S. ARMY ON CIVIL WORKS ACTIVITIES 1955 IN TWO VOLUMES Vol. 2 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1955 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price $4.50 CONTENTS Page NEW ENGLAND DIVISION--------------- ------------ ----- 3 NORTH ATLANTIC DIVISION: New York, N. Y., district ----------------------------- 67. Philadelphia, Pa., district_----------------------------------- 139, Baltimore, Md., district---------------------------- ---------- 183 Washington, D. C., district------------------------------------- 21 Norfolk, Va., district_--------------------------------------- 257 SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION: Wilmington, N. C., district ------- --------------------------- 287 Charleston, S. C., district------------------------- 309 Savannah, Ga., district__-------------------------- --------------- 23 Jacksonville, Flal, district------- ----------------- ------- ~ 43 Mobile, Ala., district_---------------------------------------- 399 LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY' DIVISION: New Orleans, La., district------- ------------------------ 451 Vicksburg, Miss., district_------------------------------------- 517 Memphis, Tenn., district-------- ------------------- -- 535 St. Louis, Mo., district-----_-------------------- ------- 543 ,SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION: Galveston, Tpx., district------------------------------- 573 Fort Worth, Tex., district --- ------------------------- 627 Albuquerque, N. Mex., district_--------------------------- 659 Little Rock, Ark., district_------- --------------------------- 677 Tulsa, Okla., district_------------------------------ 705 MISSOURI RIVER DIVISION: Kansas City, Mo., district----------------------------------- 741 Omaha, Nebr., district_------------------------------------ 771 Garrison, N. Dak., district-------------------------------------- 797 Fort Peck., Mont., district-------------------------------------- 807 OHIO RIVER DIVISION: Ohio River --- - -------------------------------- 819 Nashville, Tenn., district------------------------------ 831 Louisville, Ky., district_____ ----------- 867 Huntington, W. Va., district --------------------------- 907 Pittsburgh, Pa., district ---------------------------------------- 943 NORTH CENTRAL DIVISION: St. Paul, Minn., district----------------------------------------1003 Rock Island, Ill., district------------------- ---------------- 1057 Mississippi River between the Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn_ 1075 Chicago, Ill., district_----------------------------- 1091 Detroit, Mich., district------------------------------ --------- 1157 Buffalo, N. Y., district_----------------------------- ------- 1235 Survey of Northern and Northwestern lakes----------------------- 1293 SOUTH PACIFIC DIVISION: Los Angeles, Calif., district_------------------------------------ 1303 San Francisco, Calif., district -------------------------------- 1365 Sacramento, Calif., district___-------- ------------------------- 1413 NORTH PACIFIC DIVISION: Portland, Oreg., district_------------------------------ 1475 Seattle, Wash., district_---------------------------- ----- 1545 Walla Walla, Wash., district----------------------------- --- 1585 Alaska district------------------------------------------------1605 CONTENTS Page The Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors------_ --------- 1615 Mississippi River Commission ------------------------------------ 1619 The Beach Erosion Board --------------------------------------- 1671 California Debris Commission ------------------------------------ 1675 Waterways Experiment Station - -- ---------- 1687 Permanent International Association of the Congresses of Navigation .- 1689 Interoceanic Canal surveys ---------- 1693 Investigations and supervision of projects under the Federal Water Power Act ------------------------------------------------------ 1695 Miscellaneous Civil Works_ -------------------------------------- 1697 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NEW ENGLAND DIVISION The New England Division, an operating division with both district and division functions, comprises all of New England except western Vermont and small portions of Massachusetts and Connecticut along their western boundaries, and includes small portions of southeastern New York' all embraced in the drainage basins tributary to Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean east of the New York-Connect- icut State line. It also includes Fishers Island, N. Y. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Portland Harbor, Maine- 2. Kennebunk River, Maine___ -. 4 26. 6 Woonsocket, Blackstone River Basin, R. I________ 47 3. Isles of Shoals Harbor, 27. Thames River Basin, Conn., Maine and N. H ........ 7 R. I., and Mass- 48 4. Boston Harbor, Mass__... 8 28. Buffumville Reservoir, 5. Town River,' Mass .-- _____ 12 Thames River Basin, 6. Cape Cod Canal, Mass_ .. 13 Mass_ - - 49 7. Pollock Rip Shoals, Mass___ 16 29. Mansfield Hollow Reservoir, 8. Cuttyhunk Harbor, Mass __ 18 Thames River Basin, 9. Fall River Harbor, Mass_ . 19 Conn__-- 50 10. Providence River and Har- 30. Connecticut River Basin, bor, R. I_- 21 Vt., N. H., Mass., and 11. Harbor of Refuge at Block Conn_--- 51 Island, R. I_____________ 22 31. Union Village Reservoir, 12. Pawcatuck River, R. I. and Connecticut River Basin, Conn_ __ -- 24 Vt -- 54 13. Thames River, Conn _--- 26 32. Surry Mountain Reservoir, 14. New Haven Harbor, Conn_ 27 Connecticut River Basin, 15. Milford Harbor, Conn --- 30 N. H__ - 55 16. Housatonic River, Conn -- 31 33. Otter Brook Reservoir, Con- 17. Bridgeport Harbor, Conn___ 33 necticut River Basin, N. 18. Norwalk Harbor, Conn_--- 35 H_,---- 56 19. Navigation projects on which 34. Birch Hill Reservoir, Con- reconnaissance and con- necticut River Basin, dition surveys only were Mass-- 57 conducted during the fiscal 35. Tully Reservoir, Connecticut year____ 37 River Basin, Mass ...... 58 20. Other authorized navigation 36. Knightville Reservoir, Con- projects 38 necticut River Basin, Mass_ 59 Flood Control 37. Hartford, Connecticut River Basin, Conn_ 61 21. Merrimack River Basin, N. 38. Other authorized flood con- H. and Mass___ 42 trol projects___ 63 22. Franklin Falls Reservoir, 39. Inspection of completed flood Merrimack River Basin, control works- 64 N. H_ 43 40. Flood control work under 23. Edward MacDowell Reser- special authorization .... 65 voir, Merrimack River Basin, N. H__ 44 General Investigations 24. Blackwater Reservoir, Mer- rimack River Basin, N. H_ 45 41. Examinations and surveys__ 65 25. Blackstone River Basin, 42. Collection and study of basic Mass. and R. I_ 46 data - 65 4 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1. PORTLAND HARBOR, MAINE Location. This harbor is on the southwestern coast of Maine about 100 miles northeast of Boston, Mass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 325.) Previous projects. Adopted by joint resolution of June 5, 1868, and River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872. For further details see page 1736 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 40 of Annual Report for 1936. Existing project. This provides for an anchorage area 35 feet deep at mean low water, approximately 170 acres in area, northwest of House Island; an anchorage area off the eastern end of the city, with a minimum depth of 30 feet; dredging a 35-foot channel from the westerly side of the Maine State pier in the lower part of the main harbor through its channel of approach to the sea; dredging to 35 feet the present 30-foot channel from the Maine State pier to Portland Bridge for its full width, thence to Vaughan Bridge for a width of 400 feet, thence to the Boston & Maine Railroad bridge for a width of 300 feet; dredging a 35-foot turning basin easterly of Vaughan Bridge; and construction of stone breakwater about 900 feet long from Spring Point to Spring Point Light; for a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the anchorage to the Grand Trunk Bridge at the mouth of Back Cove; for rock excavation to give a depth of 14 feet between the Grand Trunk and Tukey's Bridges, and a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide thence to the head of Back Cove; for the removal of two obstructing ledges in the main ship channel to a depth of 40 feet; for a stone breakwater about 2,000 feet long on the southerly side of the mouth of the inner harbor; and the maintenance of Soldier Ledge Channel in Hussy Sound, Casco Bay, at a depth of 40 feet. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 8.9 feet, extreme 10.2 feet, though variations as great as 16 feet have been observed under storm conditions. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $4,620,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $47,600. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 4, 1836-__ Breakwater on southerly side of mouth of inner har- H. Doc. 491, 23d Cong., 1st sess. bor. June 23, 1866_ Extension of breakwater. June 3, 1896_ _ Dredging to 30 feet over greater part of inner harbor. S. Doc. 271, 54th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 3, 1905 Extension of 30-foot depth up Fore River to Boston (sundry civ- & Maine R. R. bridge and in channel of approach il) to Back Cove. July 25, 1912_ 30-foot anchorage; 14 feet at entrance to Back Cove; H. Doc. 489, 62d Cong., 2d sess. restoration of 12-foot depth in Back Cove and 30- foot depth in the approach as well as in lower part of harbor. Aug. 8, 1917- 35-foot depth in lower part of main harbor and the H. Doc. 71, 65th Cong., 1st sess. channel of approach, and removal of 2 obstructing ledges in main channel. Mar. 2, 1945__ 35-foot anchorage, approximately 170 acres in area H. Doc. 560, 76th Cong., 3d sess.' northwest of House Island. Do _.._--- Maintenance of Soldier Ledge Channel in Hussey H. Doc. 730, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Sound, at depth of 40 feet. 1 July 24, 1946__ Deepening 30-foot channel to 35 feet; 35-foot turning H. Doc. 510, 79th Cong., 2d sess. basin easterly of Vaughan Bridge; breakwater at Spring Point. 1 Contains the latest published maps. RIVERS AND HARBORS---NEW ENGLAND DIVISION Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 51 waterfront facilities, of which 3 are not used. Five of the wharves are publicly owned, 3 by the United States Government, 1 by the State of Maine, and 1 by the city of South Portland. Mechanical handling facilities are available at 15 of the wharves. Railroad connections have 'been made to 29 of them. The facilities are considered adequate for the needs of exist- ing commerce. (For a further description of terminal facilities, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Northern New England No. 1 Revised 1953.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging by Government-owned hopper dredge Gerig to restore project depth in the 35-foot channel between the mouth of the harbor and Portland Bridge was started on October 1, 1954, and completed on October 31, 1954. During the period 104,778 cubic yards (pay place plus natural shoaling) of ordinary material were removed at a cost of $109,995, all maintenance funds. A contract for improvement dredging by the hydraulic process in the 35-foot anchorage basin northwest of House Island was awarded on April 21, 1955. Operations consisted only of contractor's prepara- tions for the remainder of the fiscal year. Preliminary Government costs in connection with this work for engineering and surveys were $5,907, for new work. Condition at the end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 65 percent complete. To complete the project there remains the re- moval of the outer ledge in the main ship channel, the dredging of the 35-foot anchorage area northwest of House Island, and the dredging of the hard areas in the 35-foot channel. The controlling depths at mean low water in the various improved channels of Portland Harbor at the dates they were last surveyed were: 29 feet in the southerly quarter, 33 feet in the northerly half and 34 feet in the remaining quarter of the 35-foot channel from the sea to abreast of the Maine State Pier (1954), thence 28 feet in the southerly quarter and 32 feet in the remaining three-quarters of the 35-foot channel to the Portland Bridge (1954); thence 31 feet in the 35-foot Fore River Channel to 200 feet downstream of the site of the old Vaughan Bridge (1954), thence 35 feet deep to 200 feet upstream of the site of the old Vaughan Bridge (1955), thence 35 feet in the northerly three-quarters and 31 feet in the southerly quarter to the Boston and Maine railroad bridge (1954); 18.0 feet in the entrance channel to Back Cove (1945); 130 feet between the Grand Trunk and Tukey's Bridges (1945); 8.0 feet in Back Cove (1945); 28.0 feet in the 30-foot anchorage (1951) and from 16 to 45 feet in the 35-foot anchorage (1954). The costs under the existing project have been $4,288,749, of which $3,266,305 was for new work and $1,022,443 for maintenance. 6 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated____ _ _______________ ________ -$21, 423 .... . ... $765, 000 1 $4, 717, 833 Cost ____________ Maintenance: _ $166, 316 $30, 824 - 5, 907 1 3, 958, 740 Appropriated- ....... - --10, 513 175, 000 -6, 903 $4, 300 109, 200 1,022, 443 Cost-----------------46, 569 160, 930 7, 167 3, 505 109,994 1,022, 443 1Includes $692,435 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955______ $82, 593 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____ 575, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project- -- ___ -_________-______- - ___-- 19, 602 2. KENNEBUNK RIVER, MAINE Location. The source of Kennebunk River is in the central part of York County in southwestern Maine. The stream flows about 15 miles in a southeasterly direction and discharges into the At- lantic Ocean about 30 miles southwest of Portland, Maine. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1205.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a stone breakwater on the easterly side of the mouth of the river about 550 feet long, a pier or jetty on the westerly side of the mouth about 290 feet long, the construction of a wharf about 700 feet upstream from the shore end of the breakwater (transferred to Treasury Department in 1936), the construction of a jetty on the east bank a short distance farther upstream, and securing a depth of 4 feet at mean low water for an average width of 100 feet up to Kenne- bunkport, a distance of about 1 mile, by dredging and rock removal. The mean tidal range is 9 feet; the extreme 13.5 feet. Work appears to have been commenced by the State of Massachusetts in 1798, since which date a number of small appropriations have been made for maintenance and further improvement. The cost of new work for the completed project was $83,584. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,400. Those portions of the existing project adopted since 1829 were authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1829 Repair of pier on east side of channel entrance. Aug. 14,1876 Deepening at Wading Place and Mitchells Point...... Annual Report 1875, p. 115. Sept. 19,1890 Jetty at Wading Place_-----------__ _--------___---- H. Ex. Doc. 136, 51st Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report 1890, p. 471. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are a total of 10 wharves in the river. Nine of these are privately owned and one is publicly owned by the Town of Kennebunkport, Maine. None of these have railroad con- RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION nections or mechanical handling facilities. All are in poor condition. The facilities are considered adequate for existing traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. The damaged sections of the stone breakwater at the easterly side of the river's mouth were repaired, by contract, during the fiscal year. Work was initiated on September 9 and completed on October 26, 1954. Costs were $14,403, all maintenance funds. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1893. The project depth of 4 feet was restored in 1950. The costs under the existing project have been $234,130, of which $83,584 was for new work and $150,546 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---- ---------------------------------------------- $83, 584 Cost,_---- ------------------- ---------------------------------------------- 83,584 Maintenance: Appropriated....---. - -$3, 524 ---------- $1, 000 $20, 000 -$5, 735 150, 547 Cost-----------------...... 22, 976 .. 138 723 14, 403 150, 546 3. ISLES OF SHOALS HARBOR, MAINE AND N. H. Location. A group of islands in the open sea about 6 miles north- east of Portsmouth Harbor, N. H. Three of them, Smuttynose, Cedar, and Star Islands, are so situated that, with the shoals con- necting them, they afford a small harbor of fair depth, open only to the west and northwest, known as Gosport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 330.) Previous projects. The first work of improvement by the Gov- ernment was ordered by the Act of March 3, 1821. Subsequent modifications and additions were authorized by the act of May 7, 1822, and the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1902. For scope of previous projects see page 1739 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing projects. This provides for the construction of three rough stone breakwaters as follows: One from Smuttynose Island westwardly to Malaga Island on the north side of the harbor, having a length of 240 feet; one extending southeastwardly from Smuttynose Island to Cedar Island, protecting the harbor on the east, having a length of 700 feet; and a third extending southwestwardly from Cedar Island to Star Island, affording protection from the southeast and south, having a length of 530 feet. The mean tidal range is 8.7 feet and the extreme 9.9 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $39,238, ex- clusive of amounts expended under previous projects. There is no approved estimate of cost for maintenance. The existing project was adopted by the River and and Harbor Act approved June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. No. 1122, 60th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is printed in the Annual Report for 1913, page 1530. 8 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. None. Terminal facilities. There is one wharf near the hotel on Star Island which is used to accommodate a passenger steamer plying between Portsmouth, N. H., and the Island during 3 months of the summer. Operations and results during fiscal year. Restoration of the rip- rap breakwater between Star and Cedar Islands, by contract, under- way at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed June 9, 1955. During the period 1,877 tons of stone were placed. Costs during the fiscal year amounted to $1,448, all maintenance funds. Final payment has not been made. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1913. The three breakwaters are in good condition. The costs under the existing project have been $94,365, of which $39,238 was for new work and $55,127 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: - Appropriated.........------------------------------------ ------------ ----------- 1 $80, 691 Cost---------- ............... ----------------------------------------------------------- 180, 691 Maintenance: Appropriated-----....... ------------ ------------ $40, 000 ..........------------ -$2, 100 72,162 Cost ........------------- ------------ ------------ 1,254 $18, 163 1,448 55, 127 1 Includes $41,453 for new work for previous projects. 4. BOSTON HARBOR, MASS. Location. This harbor includes all the expanse of tidewater lying within a line from Point Allerton to Point Shirley and extending from that line westward to the mainland. This comprises an area of about 47 square miles, exclusive of the islands. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 246 and 248.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1867, June 14, 1880, September 19, 1890, June 3, 1896, and July 25, 1912. For further details see page 1743 of Annual Report for 1915, page 81 of Annual Report for 1917, and page 63 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. A channel 40 feet deep in general, but 45 feet deep through rock, from the sea to President Roads through Broad Sound, 2 miles, 900 feet wide except at the outer edge where it is widened to 1,100 feet. b. Deepening to 40 feet the main ship channel from President Roads to about 200 feet northerly of the site of Mystic Pier No. 1 Charlestown; having widths varying from 600 feet to 1,200 feet with suitable widening at the bends. Length about 5.5 miles. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 9 c. An anchorage area 2,000 feet wide, 5,500 feet long, and 40 feet deep, on the north side of President Roads. d. Extension of President Roads anchorage 700 feet to the north and 500 feet to the west at a depth of 40 feet, and dredging an area to 35 feet lying west of the anchorage. e. Deepening to 40 feet that part of the approach channel to the United States Navy drydock No. 3 at South Boston between the main ship channel and the United States harbor line. f. A channel 35 feet deep along the same line as the 40-foot main ship channel in the following manner: adjacent to the westerly side of the 40-foot main ship channel through Broad Sound 600 feet wide, a distance of about 2 miles; adjacent to the northerly side of the 40-foot main ship channel from President Roads to abreast the Fish Pier 600 feet wide, a distance of about three miles; adjacent to the. westerly side of 40-foot main ship channel from abreast Fort Point Channel to the Mystic River and Charlestown Bridges and the en- trance to the Chelsea River, having widths varying from 100 feet to 1,000 feet, a distance of about 2 miles. g. A channel 2 miles long, 30 feet deep, and 1,200 feet wide from the sea to President Roads through Broad Sound by a less direct route than the 35- and 40-foot channels. h. A channel 27 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide from Nantasket Roads to President Roads known as the "Narrows" Channel, 3 miles. i. A channel 15 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 550 feet long through the bar which extends from the north head of Long Island to Nixes Mate Shoal, known as "Nixes Mate" or "Nubble" Channel. j. A channel in Chelsea River 30 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide, from the mouth of the river, at the head of the 35-foot channel in Boston Harbor, to a point about 1 mile upstream of the Chelsea Street Bridge, a distance of about 2 miles, thence a channel 8.4 feet deep to the Boston & Maine Railroad Bridge 150 feet wide a distance of about one-half mile. k. Improvement of Reserved Channel east of L Street Bridge by a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide. 1. The Fort Point Channel, 23 feet deep and 175 feet wide from its entrance in Boston Harbor, about four-fifths of a mile to the Dorchester Avenue (old Federal Street) Bridge. m. Seawalls of coursed stone and riprap protecting the most ex- posed headlands and islands. All depths are referred to mean low water. The mean range of tide is 8.9 feet at Boston Light, and 9.5 feet at Commonwealth Pier, in Chelsea Creek, and in Fort Point Channel. The extreme range is about 4 feet greater. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $19,800,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects of seawalls for which no estimate was given. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $154,700. 10 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1825__ Preservation of islands by seawalls. Aug. 5, 1886.. Fort Point Channel__------------------------------- H. Ex. Doc. 206, 48th Cong., 2d sess. Annual Report, 1885, p. 543. Channel 15 feet deep from Long Island to Nixes Mate Annual Report 1887, p 517. Shoal (Nixes Mate or Nubble Channel). July 13, 1892_ Channel 27 feet deep from Nantasket Roads to Presi- Annual Report, 1893 p. 766. dent Roads. Mar. 3, 1899..._ For 300-foot channel from sea to the President Roads H. Doc. 133, 55th Cong., 2d sess. through Broad Sound by less direct route than the Annual Report, 1898, p. 886. 35-and 40-foot channels. June 13, 1902. For 35-foot channel from the sea to Boston Naval H. Doc. 119, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Shipyard, Chelsea and Charles River Bridges. Annual Report, 1901, p. 1096. Elimination from the project of the removal of Finns Atthori ed by Chief of Engineers Ledge at the outer entrance. Mar. 11, 1913. Aug. 8, 1917_- Depth of 40 feet (45 feet in rocks) in Broad Sound H. Doc. 931, 63d Cong., 2d sess.' Channel. 1 Aug. 30,1935 2. Present project dimensions of channel from President H. Doc. 244, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Roads to Commonwealth pier No. 1, East Boston and anchorage area north side of President Roads. Do-.... Present project dimensions of that part of approach Rivers and Harbors Committee channel to U. S. Navy drydock No. 3, at South Doc. 29, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' Boston between Main Ship Channel and United States harbor line. --------------- Aug. 26, 1937- Chelsea River Channel, 30 feet deep___ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 24, 75th Cong., 1st sess.i 1 Oct. 17, 1940__ Reserved channel 30 feet deep-------------------H. Doc. 225, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 7, 1940_- Abandons seaplane channel authorized in River and Public Law 420, 78th Cong. Harbor Act approved Oct. 17, 1940 (H. Doc. 262, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). l Mar. 2, 1945__ Extension of 40-foot channel --------------------- H. Doc. 733, 79th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946__ Extension of President Roads Anchorage --------- H. Doc. 214, 80th Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Contains latest published maps. See also Annual Report, 1911, p. 1178 (seawalls and Nixes Mate Channel) and Annual Report, 1903, p. 770 (Fort Point Channel). 2 Authorized in part by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 183 wharves and piers in the Harbor, not including the Mystic River, Weymouth Fore River, and Town River, which are reported elsewhere. In addition, there are 4 ferry slips and 2 car floats. Of the terminals, 28 are publicly owned, 3 are open to public use, 77 have mechanical-handling facilities, and 57 have railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for the present requirements of commerce. (For the latest full de- scription of Terminal Facilities, see Port Series No. 3-the Port of Boston, Mass., revised 1946.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Snagging operations, by hired labor, were carried on throughout the year. Miscellaneous in- spections and reports were made on the project during the year. The total costs were $12,455, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 84 percent complete, the remaining portion consisting of dredging the extension of President Roads Anchorage 700 feet to the north and 500 feet to the west at a depth of 40 feet, and dredging an area to 35 feet lying west of the anchorage; and the completion of the 40-foot main ship channel to project width for a distance of about 4,000 feet along the east side at the upstream end of the project. The seawalls have a total length of about 3.75 miles and have been built and maintained on Great Brewster, Lovells, Gallups, Long, Rainsford, Deer, and Georges Islands and on Point Allerton. The "Nixes Mate" or Nubble Channel was completed in 1892; the 30-foot channel in 1905; and 27- foot channel in 1907; Fort Point Channel in 1909; the 35-foot channel RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 11 in 1915; the Broad Sound 40-foot channel in 1930; the 40-foot an- chorage in 1937; the 30-foot Chelsea River Channel in 1940, except for the small area immediately below the Chelsea Street Bridge, which was completed in 1946; and the 30-foot reserved channel in 1941. The controlling depths at mean low water in the various improved channels of Boston Harbor at the dates they were last surveyed were- a. Broad Sound 40-foot channel, 39 feet (1952). b. Main 40-foot ship channel to Commonwealth Pier No. 1, 37 feet in northerly three-quarters of the channel, 34 feet in the southerly quarter (1952). Commonwealth Pier No. 1 to 200 feet northerly of Mystic Pier No. 1, 40 feet (1951). c. Approach to Navy Drydock No. 3, 40 feet (1938). d. President Roads Anchorage; 37 to 39 feet in the northerly half of the anchorage, 40 feet in the remainder (1952). e. Extension to President Roads Anchorage and 35-foot area 15 to 35 feet (1945). f. Broad Sound 35-foot channel, 37 feet (1952). g. Main 35-foot area 15 to 35 feet (1945). h. Narrows Channel, generally 27 feet with the exception of an encroachment 150 feet into the northerly limit of the channel in the vicinity of "Narrows Light," a depth of + 5.2 feet on this shoal (1952). i. Nubble Channel, 15 feet (1951). j. Chelsea River, 30 feet (1953), 8.0 feet in the 8.4-foot channel (1936). k. Reserved Channel, 30 feet (1952). 1. Fort Point Channel 20 feet in three-quarters of the channel width and 16 feet in the easterly quarter (1952). The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows : New work Maintenance Total Regular funds _________________________________ - ______________ $14, 414, 832 $1,949, 992 $16, 364, 824 Public Works funds___________________________________________ 1,030, 806 1, 030, 806 Emergency relief funds 935, 303 -935, 303 Total_ - 16, 380,941 1,949,992 18, 330, 933 In addition $17,767 has been expended from contributed funds, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated-.------- Cost. $380, 000 225, 222 -$38, 538 511,140 _ ... __ __2_ _ - . .. 2 $17, 846, 064 217, 846, 064 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- 73, 000 235, 000 $127, 000 $7, 500 $8, 870 31,968, 749 Cost -- - _ 18, 769 260, 501 124, 059 52, 384 12,455 3 1,967, 872 1 Includes $1,465,123 for new work and $17,879 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $935,303 expended for new work from emergency relief funds. Also includes $1,030,806 expended for new work from Public Works funds. 3 In addition, $17,767 was expended for maintenance from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ______________ $3, 419, 059 12 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 5. TOWN RIVER, MASS. Location. Town River is a tidal river 2 miles long, lying entirely within the limits of the city of Quincy, just south of Boston, Mass. It flows in an easterly direction and empties into Weymouth Fore River at Quincy Point. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 65 of Annual Report for 1907, and page 69 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project was adopted August 26, 1937, and modified September 3, 1954, and provides for a channel 27 feet deep and generally 250 feet wide extending from the junction with Weymouth Fore River to a point 1.3 miles upstream; with a turning basin 24 feet deep, 450 feet wide, and approximately 1,000 feet long at the inner end; a 15-foot channel, 100 feet wide, continuing from the end of the 27-foot channel to a point just below the Quincy Electric Light and Power Company plant. The mean range of tide is 9.5 feet. The extreme range is 11 feet. The estimate of federal cost for new work (1955) is $813,000, exclu- sive of amounts expended under the previous project. In addition, local interests have contributed $111,763 and it is estimated that addi- tional contributed funds in the amount of $184,000 will be required by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $9,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 26, 1937, and September 3, 1954, as follows : Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 24 feet deep, 150 feet wide; turning basin 18 H. Doc. 96, 75th Cong., 1st sess. feet deep, 400 feet wide; channel 15 feet deep, 100 feet wide. Sept. 3,1954 Channel 27 feet deep, 150 feet wide ......---------------- H. Doc. 108, 83d Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map). Do...... Turning basin 24 feet deep, 450 feet wide.............. Do. Local cooperation. Requirements of the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, fully complied with. The terms of local cooperation pertinent to the portion of the exist- ing project recommended in H. Doc. 108, 83d Cong., 1st sess., the 27-foot channel, proposes a cash contribution of 25 percent of the cost of the improvement and that local interests should also be required :to provide, at their own expense, suitable spoil-disposal areas and to bulkhead those parts that are below mean high water, and to hold and save the United States free from all damages resulting from the construction and the improvement. Terminal facilities. On the south bank of Town River are located 8 wharves, 3 of which are used for boat building and repair work, 3 used for receipt of petroleum products, 1 for receiving and storing lumber, and 1 for receiving scrap materials. On the north bank of the river is located a yacht building and repair yard. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For full description, see the Port of Boston, Mass.-Port Series 3-Revised 1946. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 13 Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of maintenance dredging, by contract, to restore project depth in the 24-foot channel. Work was initiated on July 19, 1954, and completed on August 26, 1954. During that time 26,729 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed at a cost of $34,617, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 31 percent complete. To complete the project there remains the dredging of the 27-foot channel and the 24-foot turning basin. The controlling depths are as follows: 24 feet in the 27-foot channel (1954), 14 feet in the 15-foot channel (1953), 17.6 feet in the 24-foot turning basin (1947). The total costs under the existing project have been $480,185, of which amount $372,392 was for new work, including $111,763 contributed funds, and $107,793 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated.------------------------------------------------------------ $285, 629 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 2285, 629 Maintenance: Appropriated...-------------------.------------ $718 $40, 000 -$3, 715 120, 370 Cost-------- -------------------.---- ------ 718 1,668 34, 617 120, 370 1Includes $25,000 for new work and $12,557 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $111,763 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -- $250, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project__------------------------------ 302, 371 6. CAPE COD CANAL, MASS. Location. This waterway is a sea level canal, extending from the head of Buzzards Bay, Mass., to a point on Cape Cod Bay about 15 miles southeast of Plymouth Harbor, Mass. In' general direc- tion the canal trends from Buzzards Bay easterly to Cape Cod Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 251 and 1208.) Existing project. This provides for the purchase of the Cape Cod Canal, including a 600-foot jetty and a 3,000-foot breakwater at the east end of the canal at a cost to the United States of $11,500,000; for an open canal 32 feet deep at mean low water, with widths of 540 feet in the land cut, 500 feet in a straight channel in Buzzards Bay to Wings Neck, and 700 feet beyond Wings Neck, mooring basins consisting of a basin on the south side of Hog Island channel 4,000 feet long, with widths varying from 0 to 400 feet, 32 feet deep at mean low water, and a basin at Sandwich 3,260 feet long, with widths varying from 0 to 385 feet, and 25 feet deep at mean low water; the construction of two fixed highway bridges having horizontal clearance of 500 feet, and a vertical clearance of 135 feet at mean high water; the construction of a vertical lift railroad bridge with a 500-foot span and 135-foot clearance above mean high water when the span is raised; an improved lighting system; other accessory and minor features which may be deemed necessary and to be in accordance with 14 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, which include a dike ex- tending southwesterly 10,700 feet from Stony Point, a dike between Hog and Mashnee Islands, a dike between Hog Island and Rocky Point, a small East Boat Basin, 13 feet deep at mean low water on the south bank of the canal, and a small West Boat Basin 18 feet deep at mean low water on the north bank of the canal; a harbor of refuge for small vessels by dredging a channel 150 feet wide and 15 feet deep at mean low water into Onset Bay and to the town wharf in the village of Onset; for enlargement of the 15-foot turning basin at the town wharf and for an anchorage basin of about 16 acres, having a depth of 8 feet below mean low water, located contiguous to the proposed 15- foot channel and turning basin. The land cut is 7.7 miles long, and with approach channels, the total length of the canal is 171/2 miles. The mean range of tide in Cape Cod Bay at the Cape Cod Canal entrance is 9.4 feet and in Buzzards Bay 4 feet at the Cape Cod Canal entrance. The mean range of spring tides is about 13 feet in Cape Cod Bay, and 6.5 feet in Buzzards Bay. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $31,583,000, including $11,500,000, purchase price of the canal, and properties which were taken over by the United States on March 31, 1928. The latest approved (1955) estimate for annual cost of operation and mainte- nance is $808,200. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 (sec. 2)------ ... _ Purchase of canal from the Boston, H. Doc. 139, 67th Cong., 2d Cape Cod & New York Canal Co., sess. in accordance with contract dated July 29, 1921, executed by that com- pany. Included in Public Works Ad- Construction of 3 bridges and widen- H. Doc. 795, 71st Cong., 3d ministration program, Sept. ing canal to 250 feet. sess. 6, 1933. June 26, 1934 (Permanent Ap- Operation and care of works of im- Do. propriations Repeal Act). provement provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. Included in Public Works Ad- Construction of a mooring basin .----- Do. ministration program, Apr. 29, 1935. Included in Emergency Relief Dredging and bank protection...... Do. program, May 28, 1935. Aug. 30, 1935-- _ __ Existing project for main canal Rivers and Harbors Committee1 adopted. Doc. 15, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945___ __- _______ 15-foot channel and turning basin in 1 431, 77th Cong., 1st H. Doc. Onset Bay. sess. 1 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests contribute one-half of the first cost, but not to exceed $48,000, for the channel and turning basin in Onset Bay and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages attributable to the work. It is expected that these requirements will be met. Terminal facilities. There are 4 terminals on the canal. Three are privately owned, 1 being used for the receipt and freezing of fish and 2 for the receipt and storage of oil. The fourth terminal is the RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 15 State pier, owned by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and located on the north bank of the canal at Bourne Neck. The terminals are considered adequate for the purposes for which they are used. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance 'of the Canal was carried on duing the year with the follow- ino results: ~Iaintenance dredging by Government hopper dredge Goethals to restore project depth over various areas of shoaling was in progress at the beginning of the year and was completed on July 3, 1954. Dur- ing the period 7,442 cubic yards pay place plus natural shoaling of of ordinary material were removed. Total costs of all dredging were ment hopper dredge Gerig was started November 30, 1954, and com- pleted December 31, 1954. During this period 315,800 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Total costs of all dredging were $109,400. Installation of the auxiliary generator unit for the railroad bridge, by contract, was in progress at the beginning of the year and was con- tinued throughout the year. Costs were $1,500. Placing of bituminous seal coat on service roads along the Canal, by contract was in progress at the beginning of the year and was com- pleted on July 17, 1954. Costs were $1,100, with a claim by the con- tractor still awaiting adjustment. A credit adjustment of $1,200 for replacing ties on the railroad bridge, completed by contract in the previous fiscal year, was made this year. Resurfacing of the roadway of Sagamore highway bridge, by con- tract, was started and completed in May 1955, at a cost of $17,500. Purchase and installation ,of new power cables for the railroad bridge, by contract, was in progress at the beginning of the year and was continued. Costs were $24,100. Construction, by hired labor, of a housing unit for the new auxiliary generator at the railroad bridge was accomplished at a cost of $17,500. Reconnaissance and condition surveys were conducted by hired labor to determine channel depths, dike conditions, and bank stabilization. Costs were $25,820. Roads, highway bridges, buildings and grounds, utilities and equip- ment were maintained by hired labor. Costs were $61,280. The railroad bridge, light, power and signal systems were operated and maintained during the year at a cost of $94,070. Necessary repairs were made to maintain dikes, canal banks, dol- phins, floats, docks and fenders by hired labor. Costs were $69,150. Costs in connection with lands and damages amounted to $400. Costs for miscellaneous inspections and reports made by hired labor amounted to $600. Traffic was controlled in passing through the Canal by patrol boats, observers and dispatchers. Costs were $200,139. Total costs for the fiscal year were $621,359, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscalyear. The existing project is substantially complete except for dredging the 15-foot channel from deep water in the vicinity of Wickets Island to the town wharf at Onset and en- largement of the 15-foot turning basin at the town wharf, and an 363037-55-vol. 2---2 16 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 8-foot anchorage basin contiguous thereto, authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. The canal is crossed by two high- level highway bridges and a vertical lift railroad bridge. The canal in the land cut from the easterly entrance to station 430 has a least bottom width of 480 feet, except opposite the State Pier where the width is 450 feet. From station 430 to Wings Neck (Hog Island Chan- nel) the width is 500 feet and beyond Wings Neck (Cleveland Ledge Channel), 700 feet. The controlling depths at mean low water for this project were: canal in land cut, 31 feet (1955) ; mooring basin, north side, easterly end, 14 feet (1955) ; 21 feet in mooring basin south side, westerly end (1955); 10 feet in boat basin, south side east entrance (1955) ; 30 feet in Hog Island Channel (1955); 30 feet in Cleveland Ledge Channel (1955); 9 feet alongside sheet piling bulk- head East Entrance, south side (1955) ; 16 feet in Onset Bay Channel from the Cape Cod Canal to Wickets Island (1943) ; 15 feet in chan- nel to the town wharf and the turning basin at the town wharf (1940) with shoal areas along the limits; 2.0 to 6.0 feet in the 8-foot anchorage at Onset. The total costs from regular funds have been $33,825,275, of which $20,437,653 (including the purchase price of $11,500,000) was for new work and $13,387,622 was for maintenance. The total costs from pub- lic works funds have been $6,138,157 for new work. The total costs from emergency relief appropriation funds have been. $4,849,740 for new work. The total costs, all funds, have been $44,813,172, of which $31,425,550 (including the purchase price of $11,500,000) was for new work and $13,387,622 was for maintenance. This includes the sum of $1,658,355 expended between March 31, 1928, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the pro- vision of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purpose. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ---------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------- $31, 425, 550 Cost__-------------------- ---------------------------------------------- 31, 425, 550 Maintenance: Appropriated -........ $535, 000 $445, 000 $638, 070 $785, 500 $595, 100 13, 419, 449 Cost----------------- 465, 777 533, 983 623, 438 808, 191 621, 359 13, 387, 622 1 Includes $6,138,157 for new work from Public Works funds and $4,849,740 for new work from emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------$157, 450 7. POLLOCK RIP SHOALS, NANTUCKET SOUND, MASS. Location. Pollock Rip Channel is the northerly passage through the shoals off the eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound connecting the deep water of the sound with that of the ocean. It is about 33 miles east from the harbor of Vineyard Haven, on the island of Marthas RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 17 Vineyard, Mass., and 60 miles south from Provincetown Harbor at the northern extremity of Cape Cod. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 250.) Existing project. This provides for dredging through the shoals at the eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound with a Government dredge, which is to assist the natural agencies in obtaining such depth and width as may be found practicable, but not exceeding a depth of 30 feet at mean low water and a width of 1 mile. The mean tidal ranges are about 3.7 feet at Monomoy Point, the nearest land, and 6.7 feet at Chatham Light, about 9 miles to the north of this point. The ranges of spring tides at these two points are 4.4 and 7.9 feet. The ranges are largely affected by direction and force of storms. The original expenditure authorized for experimental work was $250,000, and later the operation of a dredge was authorized at an estimated annual cost of $200,000. The cost of the completed project was $1,083,504 for new work. The latest approved (1950) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Experimental dredging through the shoals to deter- H. Doc. 536, 62d Cong., 2d sess. mine if a channel could be secured and maintained not over 30 feet deep and not over 1 mile wide. July 27,1916 Continuation of work with a Government-owned Rivers and Harbors Committee hopper dredge. Doc. 3, 64th Cong., 1st sess. The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1915, page 2056. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging by Government-owned hopper dredge Gerig to restore project depth in the 30-foot channel was started on April 25, 1955, and completed -on May 25, 1955. During the period 350,903 cubic yards (pay place plus natural shoaling) of ordinary material were removed at a cost -of $106,773, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1925. The depths previously secured over the northern tongue of the Stone Horse Shoals have been maintained. A cut 2,000 feet wide has been dredged through Bearse and Pollock Rip Shoals. The con- trolling depth at mean low water was 29 feet for a middle width of 1,000 feet (1955) ; 18 feet along the southerly quarter (1955) ; 32 feet along the northerly quarter (1955). The costs under the existing project have been $1,083,504 for new work and $841,278 for mainte- nance, a total of $1,924,782. 18 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscall years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---------------- ------------------------------- ----------- $1, 083, 504 Cost ___-- 1, 083, 504 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------------------ $2, 100 ------------ $108, 000 842, 505 Cost ------------------------- 1,483 $617 106,773 841, 278 8. CUTTYHUNK HARBOR, MASS. Location. At the eastern end of Cuttyhunk Island, at the western entrance to Buzzards Bay, about 14 miles south of New Bedford Harbor, Mass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 297.) Existing project. This provides for a channel generally 75 feet wide and 10 feet deep from the outer harbor to the westerly terminal in Cuttyhunk Pond, about 3,500 feet; an anchorage in the inner har- bor 10 feet deep, 900 feet long, and 800 feet wide; and for maintenance of the existing jetties. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 3.4 and 4.2 feet, respectively. The cost of the completed project was $27,167 for new work, exclusive of $11,- 643 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved esti- mate for cost of annual maintenance is $9,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved August 26, 1937. The latest published map is in the project document (H. Doc. 81, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Spoil-disposal areas for maintenance will be furnished when required. Terminal facilities. Two town wharves of timber and pile con- struction, having total berthing space of 400 feet, are open to public use. No mechanical handling facilities are available. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance repairs, by contract, to restore the protective barrier to suitable dimensions was started on August 25, 1954, and was under way on August 31, 1954, when hurricane Carol occurred. The hurricane ruined the work underway and changed the topography at the site to such an extent that it became necessary to cancel the contract by agreement with the contractor. Another contract to restore the protective barrier was started on March 22, 1955, and completed on April 11, 1955. Total cost of both jobs was $42,521, all for maintenance. The work included placing of additional barges, stone and sand fill in the barrier. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The controlling depths at mean low water were 10 feet in the 10-foot channel (1954) ; and 10 feet in the 10-foot Anchor- age (1954). The costs from regular funds have been $27,167 for new work and $379,253 for maintenance, a total of $406,420. The costs RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 19 from contributed funds were $61,643, of which $11,643 was for new work and $50,000 for maintenance. The total costs for all funds were $38,810 for new work and $429,253 for maintenance, a total of $468,063. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal 1 years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated----------------- -------------------------------- ------------ $27, 167 Cost--_-------------------------------------------27, 167 Maintenance: Appropriated ........- $69,419 $20, 000 -$31, 210 $51,958 -$2, 500 384, 106 Cost_ ----------------- 43, 486 22, 228 9, 235 2, 084 42, 521 379, 253 1 In addition $11,643 was expended for new work and $50,000 was expended for maintenance from contrib uted funds. 9. FALL RIVER HARBOR Location. Situated at the mouth of Taunton River, on the east side and at the head of Mount Hope Bay, which empties into the ocean through Narragansett Bay and Sakonnet River. It is about 18 miles northerly from Newport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 353.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, March 3, 1899, June 13, 1902, and June 25, 1910. For fur- ther details, see page 1749 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 106 of Annual Report for 1938. Emisting project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep, 400 feet wide from deep water in Mount Hope Bay easterly into Tiverton lower pool thence northerly and southerly along the Tiverton water- front to the Gulf Oil Company wharf and the Bay Oil Company wharf respectively; and for a channel 35 feet deep, 400 feet wide from deep water in Mount Hope Bay to the Globe wharf thence to the wharves above the bridge, with increased width at the bends; a turn- ing basin 35 feet deep, about 1,100 feet wide and 850 feet long above the bridge, between the Shell and Montaup wharves; the removal to 30 feet of the lower end of Hog Island Shoal; the maintenance of the 25-foot anchorage, west of the harbor channel; a channel 30 feet deep and generally 300 feet wide extending about 1 mile below Slades Ferry Bridge, east of the harbor channel. The mean tidal range is 4.0 feet, Bristol Point, and 4.4 feet, Fall River, and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 8 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $4,257,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $35,700. The removal of rock at Hog Island Shoal portion of the project is considered to be in- active and is excluded from the estimate of cost for new work. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $185,000. 20 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 30-foot channel including Hog Island Shoal 1 and the H. Doc. 158, 71st Cong., 2d sess. maintenance of the 25-foot anchorage. July 24,1946 35-foot channel and turning basin- .........-- _----- H. Doc. 628, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3, 1954 Deepening midbay channel to 35 feet for a width of H. Doc. 405; 83d Cong. (contains. 400 feet between deep water in Mount Hope Bay and latest published map). Globe wharf. 1 Rock removal at Hog Island Shoal inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for modification adopted: in 1946. The project modification adopted in 1954 provided that local inter- ests agree to hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvement. Terminal facilities. There are 21 wharves and piers in Fall River Harbor, 1 of which is undergoing reconstruction, and 1 of which is not used. Two of the wharves are publicly owned. One, owned by the city of Fall River, is used for a landing for excursion boats and moor- ing small training vessels, and the other, a former steamship terminus, was reconstructed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It is a large, modern, deepwater terminal for the receipt and shipment of general cargo. The wharves are generally open pile and timber piers extending from solid-filled stone bulkheads. Nine have mechanical handling facilities and seven have railway connections. The facil- ities are considered adequate for the existing needs of general com- merce. (For a further description of terminal facilities, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England, No. 4, revised 1952.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Improvement dredging,, by contract, to remove rock pinnacles in the 35-foot project channel in the vicinity of Brightman Street Bridge was accomplished during the year. Costs were $26,084, all for new work. A condition survey to determine extent of shoaling in the 30-foot and 35-foot project channels was started during the year. Costs were $1,282, all mainte- nance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 62 percent complete. To complete the project there remains the com- pletion of the dredging of the 35-foot channel. The controlling depths at mean low water were as follows: about 29 feet in the 35-foot channel, 400 feet wide through Mount Hope Bay to the Globe wharf, thence 35 feet in the 35-foot channel to the wharves above the bridges (1951); 35 feet in the 35-foot Turning Basin (1950); 26 feet in the 35-foot channel to the Gulf Oil Company wharf, with the excep- tion of boulder areas in the vicinity of Common Fence Point and the Bay Oil Company wharf where the controlling depths are 32.6 feet and 30.5 feet respectively (1955); 19 feet in the 25-foot anchorage (1942) ; 20 feet on Hog Island Shoal at west edge of channel (1940). The costs under the existing project have been $2,637,266 for new work and $314,388 for maintenance, a total of $2,952,654, including RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 21 $2,860 for maintenance dredging at the Firestone wharf under section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940. Costand financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: 000 $454, Appropriated-------......... 954------------ $40, 000 $140, ----- $2, 967, 950 553,603 65,394 ------------ Cost ..-..----...-----------......... 114,351 $26,084 2,967,470 Maintenance: Appropriated .... 7,430 ------------------------ .-------- 2,000 396,516 Cost__----------------- 46,359 -..----.-----------___.---.. - 1,282 395,798 1Includes $330,204 fornew work and $81,410 formaintenance forprevious projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------- - $480 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project 619, 254 1-------------------------- 10. PROVIDENCE RIVER AND HARBOR, R. I. Location. Providence River is formed at the city of Providence by the junction of the Seekonk River and two small streams which rise in northern Rhode Island. It is tidal and flows southerly in a deep channel between broad flats about 8 miles, emptying into Narragansett Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 278.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852; March 2, 1867; March 3, 1873; June 18, 1878; August 2, 1882; August 5, 1886; June 3, 1896; June 13, 1902; March 3, 1905; March 2, 1907; June 25, 1910; and March 4, 1913. For further details, see page 1750, Annual Report for 1915, page 96, Annual Report for 1936, and page 111, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an approach channel 35 feet deep at mean low water and generally 600 feet wide through the river from the deep water of Narragansett Bay opposite North Point on Popasquash Neck to the turn below Field Point, 8.1 miles, and thence with the same depth, and of width ranging up to 1,700 feet to Fox Point, excluding a marginal strip 75 feet wide channelward of the established harbor lines, about 2.6 miles. The mean tidal range is about 4.6 feet and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes is 8 feet or more. The cost of the completed project for new work was $2,322,233, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $77,400. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 173, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. In addition to extensive dredging prior to 1900 in the channel from Fox Point to the head of navigation, the city of Providence has since spent about $216,000 in maintaining a 20-foot depth in this channel. 22 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Terminal facilities. There are 27 water terminal facilities serving the port of Providence. They are located on both sides of the Provi- dence River from a point just above Pomham Rocks, on the left bank, and Fields Point, on the. right bank, to Crawford Street Bridge, a dis- tance of about 3 miles; and on the Seekonk River, from its confluence with the Providence River, a distance of approximately 1 mile. Three-fourths of all of the facilities have railway connections, either by plant or by municipal trackage with the rail line serving the port area. Four facilities are owned by the city of Providence and two by the state of Rhode Island. The municipal wharf at Field Point and the State pier are open to general public use for commercial purposes. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England No. 4, revised in 1952.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging by Government-owned hopper dredge Gerig to restore project depth in the 35-foot channel between Ohio Ledge and Sabin Point Light was started on January 1, 1955 and completed January 31, 1955. Dur- ing the period 147,934 cubic yards (pay place plus natural shoaling) of ordinary material were removed at a cost of $104,400, all mainte- nance funds. Surveys, plans and specifications in preparation for maintenance dredging in the section of the channel and harbor above Sabin Point Light were accomplished at a cost of $4,068, all mainte- nance funds. Total maintenance costs were $108,468. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1949. Under the existing project, a channel 600 feet wide from the deep water of Narragansett: Bay to the turn below Field Point, thence to Fox Point, with a width ranging up to 1,700 feet has been dredged to a general depth of 35 feet. The head of commercial navigation is at Crawford Street Bridge, about 0.8 mile above Fox Point. The controlling depths at mean low water were as follows: 32 feet in the channel from abreast North Point to the Sabin Point Light (1942- 1948). Maintenance dredging was in progress in the channel from abreast Sabin Point Light to Fox Point (1955). The costs under the existing project have been $3,596,035, of which $2,322,233 was for new work and $1,273,802 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated----- .......... ------------------------ - - ----------- ----------- ------ $6, 083, 645 Cost -------------- -------- -------------------------------------------- 6, 083, 645 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $100, 000 $120, 000 -$276 $9, 000 $322, 000 2, 141, 145 Cost--_ --------------- 49, 097 184, 306 ------------ 5, 325 108, 468 1, 923, 938 1 Includes $3,761,412 for new work and $650,136 for maintenance for previous projects. 11. HARBOR OF REFUGE AT BLOCK ISLAND, R. I. Location. Located on the east side of Block Island, near the south end of the inner curve of the shoreline. It is 13 miles south-southwest RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 23 from Point Judith Harbor and about 25 miles southeasterly from Stonington Harbor, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 276.) Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater extending northerly about 1,950 feet from the shore; a similar break- water about 1,100 feet long, extending northerly and easterly, en- closing, with the main breakwater, an area about 800 feet square desig- nated as the inner harbor; masonry walls in the southeastern corner of the inner harbor enclosing an area nearly 300 feet square designated as the basin; and for dredging to a depth of 15 feet at mean low water the outer protected area and about 67 percent of the inner harbor and of the basin; a jetty about 140 feet long southeast of main break- water having a T-head 100 feet across. The mean tidal range is 2.9 feet, and the maximum range, due to the combined effects of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The cost, of new work for the completed project was $577,000. The dredging of the outer harbor west of the entrance channel portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the fore- going costs. The cost of this portion of the project was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $49,000. The latest approved (1955) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,900. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 The main breakwater --......--------- ----.---..- Annual Report 1868, p. 785, and S. Misc. Doc. 81, 40th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 2,1882 Repairs to basin walls and cliff protection east of S. Ex. Doc. 26, 47th Cong., 1st sess. harbor. Aug. 5,1886 ............. Breakwater enclosing the inner harbor------------- S. Doc. 27, 48th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1885, p. 610. June 3, 1896 Raising the crest of the main breakwater and making H. Doc. 83, 54th Cong., 1st sess. it sandtight. July 25,1912 Rebuilding the basin walls I and present project H. Doc. 828, 60th Cong., 1st sess. dimensions of the dredged area. (contains latest map). 1 Inactive. (See Recommended modifications.) Recommended modifications of project. On June 24, 1926, the Chief of Engineers recommended that this project be modified by eliminating the dredging of the outer harbor west of the entrance channel (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The only wharf in the harbor is the steel sheet- pile bulkhead which comprises the southern and eastern limits of the basin. Total docking space amounts to 500 feet. No mechanical handling facilities are available. The wharf is owned by the town and open to the public. It is considered inadequate for the present general needs of boating in the harbor. There is ample room for the expansion of terminal facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary work in connection with contract for repairs to the East Breakwater were initiated. Costs were $1,265, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete. The breakwater and harbor walls were completed in 1916. The inner 24 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 harbor and basin have been dredged to project dimensions, and a channel 60 to 130 feet wide and 15 feet deep has been dredged from deep water outside the harbor up to the town wharf. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 16 feet in maintained channel to entrance to basin (1952) ; 16 feet in basin except along edges (1952) ; inner harbor, 15 feet except for shoal extending 100 to 200 feet from the west end and other minor shoals (1945) ; and outer protected area 6 to 14 feet (1931). The harbor walls and the breakwaters are in good condition. The costs and expenditures have been $576,856 for new work and $446,467 for maintenance, a total of $1,023,323. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------------------ $576,856 Cost ..---------- ---------------------------------------------------------- 576, 856 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- $9, 057 $49, 000 ............ -$5, 036------------ $119, 900 565,102 Cost..----------------- 45, 842 45, 964 ........-------------..---------..... 1, 265 446, 467 12. PAWCATUCK RIVER, R. I. AND CONN. Location. Rises in Worden Pond, South Kingston, in south central Rhode Island, and flows westerly and southerly, and enters Little Nar- ragansett Bay about 13 miles east of New London Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 358 and 1211.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, August 14, 1876, and August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1752 of the Annual Report for 1915 and page 69 of the Annual Report for 1933. Existing project. This provides for a channel in Little Narragan- sett Bay and in the river 10 feet deep at mean low water 200 feet wide from Stonington to Avondale, about 4 miles; 100 feet wide from Avondale to the lower wharves at Westerly, about 3 miles; and 40 feet wide between the lower and upper wharves of Westerly, about one-half mile; for the removal of obstruction at Watch Hill, at the southeastern part of Little Narragansett Bay; for a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the mouth of the river into Watch Hill Cove; for an anchorage basin in the cove 10 feet deep and about 16 acres in area; and for a riprap jetty 200 feet in length near the southwest corner of the basin. The mean tidal range is about 2.5 feet and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The cost of new work for the completed project was $182,000, ex- clusive of $20,000 contributed by local interests, and exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The widening of the chan- nel to 200 feet to Avondale, the removal of rock at Pawcatuck Rocks and in the vicinity of Rhodes Folly Light portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing costs. The Federal cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 25 estimated to be $84,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 1 Present channel dimensions.__-_-- _---_---------- H. Doc. 62, 54th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 3,1905 Removal of obstructions near Watch Hill-- ---....... Specified in act. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel, anchorage, and jetty at Watch Hill Cove...- H. Doc. 839, 76th Cong., 3d sess. (contains the latest published map). 1 Inactive portion-widening channel to 200' to Avondale; rock removal at Pawcatuck Rocks and in the vicinity of Rhodes Folly Light. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are five private wharves in use near the head of navigation. At Watch Hill there are three public wharves and the yacht club wharf with a total of about 500 feet of berthage. Facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging by contract to restore project depth in the 10-foot channel in the vicin- ity of Rhodes Folly Beacon was started on May 2, 1955, and com- pleted on May 16, 1955. During the period 29,719 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed at a cost of $44,224, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete. The bay and river channels have been dredged to 10 feet. A 10-foot channel and anchorage basin were dredged at Watch Hill Cove. A riprap groin near the southwest corner of the basin was constructed. The controlling depths at mean low water were 10 feet in the channel at Sandy Point in the vicinity of Rhodes Folly Light, having a width of 100 to 200 feet (1955), thence 8 feet in the maintained channel through Narragansett Bay to abreast Stanton Weir Pond, thence 7 feet to the upstream limit of the Federal Project (1952); 10 feet in channel from mouth of the river to Watch Hill Cove Anchorage Basin (1949). The costs under the existing project have been $181,777 for new work and $253,876 for maintenance, a total of $435,653. In addition $20,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated------.......-- -$2, 058 -- -$315, 134 Cost------------- ----------- ------------------------------------------- 15, 134 Maintenance: Appropriated .......------..-----------------------. $2, 879 $1, 000 $45, 000 254, 725 Cost ------------------------------------ 2, 879 927 44, 224 253, 876 1 Includes $133,357 for new work for previous projects. In addition, $20,000 was expended for new work from contributed funds. 26 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 13. THAMES RIVER, CONN. Location. This is a tidal estuary varying in width from about 400 feet to three-fourths of*a mile, and extending from the junction of the Yantic and Shetucket Rivers at Norwich, Conn., 15 miles south- erly to Long Island Sound at New London. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 359.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836, and March 3, 1879. For further details, see page 1754 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 118 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 250 feet wide to the upper end of Bartlett Crossover and thence to Nor- wich generally 200 feet wide, with increased width in the bends, through Long Reach, and at the head of navigation, a total distance of about 8.6 miles; for widening the channel opposite the submarine base by an average of about 350 feet with a depth of 20 feet, the con- struction of 5 training walls of pile and stone or riprap, having their tops at mean high water and with an aggregate lenth of about 13,800 feet, located, respectively, at Monhegan, Trading Cove, Long Rock, Rolling Mill, and Norwich, and the removal of obstructions in the Shetucket River at Norwich. The plane of reference is mean low water, the mean tidal range being 2.6 feet at New London, and 3.1 feet at Norwich. The maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The cost of new work for the completed project was $1,323,571, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The slight widening of the channel at the upper end of Long Reach portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the fore- going costs. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $31,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $36,900. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 2, 1882 Training walls---- -----------------------. Annual Report, 1882, p. 606. June 25, 1910 Removal of obstructions in the Shetucket River__ H. Doc. 397, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Channel 18 feet deep above Allyns Point_ .-------- _ H. Doc. 107, 69th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions of channel up to Allyns Rivers and Harbors Committee Point. Doc. 14, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19351 Present project dimensions of channel above Allyns Rivers and Harbors Committee Point. Doc. 18, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Increased width opposite submarine base, 20 feet deep H. Doc. 367, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 2 1 Slight widening of channel at upper end of Long Reach inactive. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Wharves along the river and at Norwich are mainly of the bulkhead type, both with and without pile aprons. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifications for contract dredging to restore project depth in the 25-foot channel from Allyns Point to Norwich were prepared during the year. Costs were $1,701, all maintenance funds. Bids were solicited for the RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 27 dredging, but all were rejected because of high cost. No dredging was performed. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete. The training walls were completed in 1906, except the upper end of the Rolling Mill Dike, which is replaced by adjacent shore improve- ments. The training walls are in fair condition. The widening op- posite the submarine base was completed in 1940 by the Navy Depart- ment. The head of navigation is at Norwich, about 15 miles above the mouth. The controlling depth is 21 feet in the left quarter, 25 feet in the middle half, and 24 feet in the remaining quarter of the 25-foot channel from the south end of the U. S. Submarine Base to Allyns Point (1954), thence 22 feet in the middle half and 17 feet in the out- side quarters to Monhegan Dike Light, thence 24 feet in the westerly three-quarters and 19 feet in the easterly quarter to the head of the project at Norwich (1953). The costs under the existing project have been $1,323,571 for new work and $910,451 for maintenance, a total of $2,234,022. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated .----------------- ------------ - ------------ -------- $1, 471, 919 Cost---------------------- --------------------------------- ------ ---- -1,471,919 Maintenance: Appropriated .-------------..........----------------... $3, 600 $143, 100 -$5, 069 947, 214 Cost. ------------- 3,501 136, 263 1, 701 947,047 1Includes $148,348 for new work and $36,596 for maintenance for previous projects. 14. NEW HAVEN HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 67 miles to the east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 218.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, March 3, 1871, June 10, 1872, and for West River, March 3, 1905. For further details, see page 1755 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 127 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a main channel 35 feet deep, 400 to 800 feet wide, from Long Island Sound to Tomlinson bridge; two anchorage basins below Tomlinson bridge of 16- and 15-foot depths; a pile-and-riprap dike, total length about 4,200 feet, to con- tract tidal flow at Fort Hale bar; a channel 12 feet deep and 100 to 150 feet wide, from the southwest corner of the 16-foot anchorage basin via City Point and the West Haven wharf front to Kimberly Avenue bridge; thence 12 feet deep and prevailing width of 75 feet up West River approximately to the railroad bridge, and an anchorage basin 6 feet deep in West River opposite Mars wharf; a channel 100 feet wide and 12 feet deep from the 15-foot anchorage basin toward Brewery Street, about 1,500 feet; a channel in Quinnipiac River 22 feet deep and 250 to 400 feet wide to a point about 1,000 feet above Ferry Street, thence 16 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Grand Avenue, with turning basin 22 feet deep, 200 to 800 feet wide and 700 feet long at the mouth 28 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of Mill River; a channel up Mill River 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, to the junction of the two branches above Chapel Street, thence to Grand Avenue, 100 feet wide in the East Branch and generally 125 feet wide in the West Branch; and the removal of certain obstructive rocks in Morris Cove. The mean range of tide is 6.2 feet at the entrance to the harbor, and 6.3 feet at Long Wharf Light. The estimate of cost (1955) is $4,409,000, for new work exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $89,300. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 2,1882 Sandy Point dike________-____________-__--__-.-_ Plans approved by a Board of Engineers, Oct. 2, 1882. Mar. 3, 1899 The 16-foot anchorage basin_----.-.---------------- H. Doc. 82, 55th Cong., 1st sess. June 25,1910 Brewery Street channel, removal of rocks in Morris H. Doc. 1159, 60th Cong., 2d sess. Cove and present project dimensions of the 15-foot basin. July 25,1912 Present project dimensions of the channels in Mill H. Doc. 26, 62d Cong., 1st sess. River. Do-_..... Present project dimensions of the West River channel H. Doc. 535, 62d Cong., 2d sess. and anchorage. July 3,1930 18-foot and 16-foot channels in Quinnipiac River . H. Doc. 686, 69th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19351 The 25-foot channel.. _ H. Doc. 479, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 The 30-foot channel and anchorage and present loca- H. Doc. 307, 76th Cong., 1st sess. tion of 16-foot anchorage. July 24, 1946 35-foot main channel, elimination of 30-fot anchorage, H. Doc. 517, 79th Cong., 2d sess. present location and extent of 16-foot anchorage, (contains latest published map). and 22-foot channel and turning basin in Quin- nipiac River. Aug. 16, 1949 Brewery Street channel declared noanavigable- ..... H. R. 3511, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Public Law 234, 81st Cong., 1st sess. 1 Also Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. The 35-foot main channel and the 22-foot chan- nel and turning basin in Quinnipiac River were authorized subject to the conditions that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and suitable spoil-dis- posal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from dam- ages resulting from the improvement. These requirements, as ap- plied to the 35-foot channel, have been met, and assurances have been furnished that the requirements for the 22-foot channel and turn- ing basin in the Quinnipiac River will be met. These assurances were approved by the Chief of Engineers on June 2, 1947. Terminal facilities. The port of New Haven is served by 53 water- front facilities; 48 are located within the city limits of New Haven and 5 in West Haven. The improved waterways within the port area along which the facilities are located include the West River, Main Harbor, West and East Branches of Mill River, and the Quinnipiac River channels. These facilities are all privately owned and operated with the exception of the City Wharf. Depths alongside the piers and wharves range from 35 to zero feet at mean low water. Nearly half of the facilities have rail connections either on or at the rear which connect with the New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 29 and most all of them are accessible by paved streets. Nineteen of the wharves have mechanical handling facilities. Six of the wharves are open to public use upon agreement with the owners. Facilities are adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England No. 4 revised in 1952.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging in the Quinnipiac River to 18 feet in the 22-foot channel and 16 feet in the 16-foot channel was contracted for and initiated on April 20, 1955, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the period 56,957 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs were $33,518, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 80 percent completed. The Sandy Point dike, completed in 1889, is in poor condition. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 31 feet in the middle half, 30 feet in the westerly quarter, and 19 feet in the easterly quarter of the 35-foot channel from 500 feet seaward of the East Breakwater to abreast Koppers wharf, thence 30 feet to about 500 feet downstream of the Tomlinson Bridge, thence 16 feet to the bridge (1952) ; 10 feet generally in West River to Kimberly Avenue Bridge, thence 9 feet generally to the railroad bridge (1952) ; 12 feet in Bowery Street channel (1940) ; 14 feet in 22-foot Quinnipiac River channel to Ferry Street Bridge, thence 8 feet in the 16-foot channel to Grand Avenue Bridge (1952); 9 feet in the 12-foot Mill River channel from 900 feet downstream of the Chapel Street Bridge to the junction of the East and West Branches, 5 feet in the westerly three-quarters and 2 feet in the easterly quarter of the East Branch and 7 feet in the West Branch (1952) ; 0 to 12 feet in the West Haven 6-foot anchorage (1952); 16 feet in the 15-foot anchorage (1940); 0 to 25 feet in the 16-foot anchorage (.1950). To complete the project requires the dredging of the 22-foot Quinnipiac River channel and turning basin. The total costs, all funds, under the existing project have been $5,476,596, of which $3,523,536 were regular funds; $290,877 were national industrial recovery funds; and $59,207 public works funds, a total of $3,873,620 and $1,636,495 for maintenance. The total costs have been $5,510,115. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated. _.-. ---- --- ---- ---- $175, 383 _----------------------- $4, 205, 245 Cost----- __- _ __ $182 $349 17, 045 2 4, 205, 245 Maintenance: Appropriated -_- -- 13, 947 - 7, 000 -$747 $84, 400 1, 719, 947 Cost..---------------------------- --------- 6, 253 -------------- 33, 518 1, 669, 065 1Includes $331,626 for new work and $32,570 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $290,877 national industrial recovery funds and $59,207 Public Works funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----- ----------- $535, 381 30 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 15. MILFORD HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 8 miles west of New Haven Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 219.) Previous projects. Adopted by acts of June 23, 1874; June 18, 1878; June 14, 1880; and August 2, 1882. For further details, see Anuual Report for 1915, page 1756, and Annual Report for 1938, page 129. Existing project. This provides for two riprap jetties 510 and 250 feet in length on the east and west sides, respectively, of the en- trance to the river; a channel across the bar and through the lower harbor 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Merwin's wharf, a distance of about 3,000 feet; an anchorage basin of the same depth, of about 6 acres east of the channel; a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide, widened at bends and at the upper end, from Merwin's wharf to 400 feet above the town wharf, about 3,000 feet; and for an anchorage basin west of the channel inside of the entrance 2,000 feet long and 7.8 acres, 10 feet deep in the lower 600 feet and 8 feet deep above. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 6.6 feet and 7.8 feet, respectively. The cost of new work for the completed project was $46,376, exclusive of $11,380 contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The removal of ledge rock in the 10-foot anchorage basin east of the channel portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing costs. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was esti- mated to be $48,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,800. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 2,1874 East jetty at the mouth of the river- -.--------------- H. Ex. Doc. 107, 42d Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report 1873, p. 1042. West jetty at the mouth of the river-_- ..... ......... Authorized by Dept. Oct. 16, 1879, Annual Report for 1879, p. 342. June 13, 19021 Entrance channel and anchorage basin east of it--..... H. Doc. 280, 56th Opng., 1st sess. Aug. 26,1937 Anchorage west of t1he channel and present project H. Doc. 77, 75th Cong., 1st sess. dimensions of the channel bove Merwin's wharf. (Contains latest published map.) 1Ledge rock in the 10-foot anchorage prevents completion at reasonable cost. Inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Spoil-disposal areas are required for maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are three bulkhead wharves near the entrance used by the oyster industry. The town wharf near the head of navigation is open to public use. The Connecticut State Shell- fish Commission operates a small wharf not open to the public. There are also several yacht landings. The facilities are ample for existing traffic. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 31 Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifications for contract dredging to restore project depth in the 10-foot and 8-foot channels and in the 10-foot and 8-foot anchorage basins were prepared during the year. Costs were $608, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete. The jetties were completed in 1880. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 9 feet to Merwin's Wharf (1954), thence 7 feet to the head of the project (1954) ; 0 to 10 feet in the East Basin (1931) ; 7 feet in the West Basin (1954). The costs under the exist- ing project have been $146,541, of which $46,376 was for new work and $100,165 was for maintenance. In addition, $11,380 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated....--------..------------.............------.......----------------------------------- 88, 716 Cost----------- ----------- ,- - --------- --------- 2 88, 716 Maintenance: Appropriated. ---------------- ...----------------------- $1, 000 $69, 406 1172, 217 Cost----------------- ......... $237 ----------------------- 906 608 103,325 1Includes $42,340 for new work and $8,160 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $11,380 was expended for new work from contributed funds. 16. HOUSATONIC RIVER, CONN. Location. Rises in northwestern Massachusetts, flows southerly 130 miles through Massachusetts and Connecticut, and empties into Long Island Sound at Stratford, 5 miles east of Bridgeport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 219.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 18 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide from the mouth to the lower end of Cul- vers Bar, about 5 miles, and thence 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Derby and Shelton, about 8 miles; a riprap breakwater at the mouth, consisting of an inner arm, 3,250 feet long, 3 feet high above mean low water, top width 6 feet, side slopes 1 on 1, and an outer arm 2,571 feet long, 6 feet high above mean high water, inner slope 1 on 1; riprap dike in the river below Stratford not to exceed 1,500 feet in length; and a riprap jetty 163 feet long at Sow and Pigs Rocks. The mean tidal range, exclusive of the winter season and freshets, is 6.7 feet at the mouth, 5.5 feet at Stratford, and 5 feet at Shelton; the extreme range due to combined effect of wind and other causes is about 11 feet at the mouth, diminishing toward the head. The spring freshets occasionally rise to a height of 18 feet or more above summer low water, but only average about 12 feet above that datum. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $1,009,000, exclusive of $167,000 plus $55,000 in lieu of suitable bulkhead areas to be con- tributed by local interests. The enlargement of the outer arm of the 363037--55-vol, 2 3---- 32 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 breakwater to provide a top width of 12 feet and an outer slope of 1 on 2, and the extension of the Stratford dike not more than 245 feet long are both portions of the existing project considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $100,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1871 A jetty at Sow and Pigs Rocks and the present proj- H. Doc. 95, 41st Cong., 3d sess.. ect width of the channel across the outer bar. and Annual Report 1871, p. 781, Aug. 11,18881 Breakwater at the mouth and the present project S. Doc. 103, 50th Cong., 1st sess., dimensions of the river channel above the lower end and Annual Report, 1888, p. 554. of Culvers bar. The Stratford dike---...._...............-----------------------....... Authorized by Dept. project sub- mitted by the district engineer July 15, 1892. July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions of channel up to Culvers H. Doc. 449, 70th Cong., 2d sess. bar. (contains latest published map). 1 Enlargement of outer arm of breakwater and extension of Stratford Dike not required. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Improvement dredging, by contract hydraulic process, of the 18 foot project channel from the mouth of the river to Culvers Bar was started on June 11, 1955, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the period 121,384 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs were $44,430, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 14 percent complete. The upriver channels were completed in 1893. The breakwater at the mouth was completed in 1914, except that the outer arm has a top width of 8 feet and outer slope of 1 on 11/2 instead of project dimensions; the Stratford dike was completed to its present length of 1,225 feet in 1916, and the jetty at Sow and Pigs Rocks was completed in 1871. The breakwater is in good condition and the dike and jetty in fair condition. Deepening and widening of the channel from the mouth up to the lower end of Culvers Bar will complete the project. Dredging operations were initiated in June 1955 in the 18- foot channel to Culvers Bar and were still in progress on June 30, 1955. The head of navigation is at Derby and Shelton, about 14 miles by channel above the mouth. The controlling depths at mean low water are 7 feet to the Culvers Bar (1954) thence 7 feet to the upstream limit of the Federal project (1944). The costs and expenditures have been $278,795 for new work and $297,743 for maintenance, a total of $576,538. In addition, costs to local interests during the fiscal year amounted to $12,729. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 33 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ* ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- -...... .... .. ...... $400,000 1$634,365 Cost...... .......--------------.... . 44,430 278,795 Maintenance: Appropriated -----.. .-- $46, 500 $------- -$10, 190 ...... ___ 297, 743 Cost------------------.------------ -- 36, 310 _---------------------- 297, 743 1 In addition $12, 729, contributed funds, have been spent by local interests. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------- $78, 861 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____ 375, 000 17. BRIDGEPORT HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 51 miles east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 220.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836, March 3, 1871, and (for Black Rock Harbor) July 5, 1884. For further details, see page 1756 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 133 of Annual Report for 1938. E isting project. This provides for- (1) Two riprap breakwaters, one 3,823 feet long on the easterly side, and one 2,110 feet long on the westerly side of the entrance to the main harbor. (2) The construction and maintenance of shore protection on Fayerweather Island, including a seawall connecting the northerly and southerly portions of the island. (3) Main channel 30 feet deep and generally 400 feet wide from Long Island Sound to a point abreast Bridgeport Breakwater Light, widening to approximately 600 feet opposite the Cilco terminal, and decreasing in width to 250 feet at a point about 720 feet below the Stratford Avenue Bridge across the Poquonock River. (4) A turning basin 30 feet deep at the entrance of Johnsons River channel. (5) Two anchorage basins: One 25 feet deep and 23 acres in area, opposite Tongue Point; one 18 feet deep and 29 acres in area, ad- joining the main channel on the west above Tongue Point. (6) Poquonock River channel, 18 feet deep and from 125 to 200 feet wide from the lower bridge to a point about 500 feet below the dam at Berkshire Avenue, about 1.1 miles. (7) Yellow Mill channel, 18 -feet deep and 150 to 200 feet wide from the 30-foot channel to a point about 370 feet from Crescent Avenue, about 1 mile. (8) Johnsons River channel, 15 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide from the 25-foot anchorage to a point 1,700 feet below Hollisters Dam, thence 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide to a point about 600 feet construction is completion of design memoranda and specifications. 34 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 (9) Black Rock Harbor and Cedar Creek channel, 18 feet deep and 100 to 200 feet wide from the 18-foot curve in Black Rock Harbor to the heads of both branches of Cedar Creek, about 2.4 miles. (10) Burr Creek channel, 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide from its junction with Cedar Creek channel to the south side of Yacht Street extended, about one-quarter mile. All depths refer to mean low water, the mean tidal range being 6.8 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to wind and other causes, is 11 feet or more. The cost of new work for the completed project was $2,206,898, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $44,000. The removal of rock in the Yellow Mill Pond portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing costs of new work. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $113,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 4, 1836 Fayerweather Islanrd seawall -.-. --. - Mar. 3,1899 Shore protection of Fayerweather Island .- Annual Report, 1899, p. 1173. Mar. 2,1907 West breakwater and present project dimensions of H. Does. 275 and 521, 59th Cong., east breakwater. 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Present project depths of the 18- and 12-foot anchor- 11. Doc. 898, 63d Cong., 2d sess. age basins and of Burr Creek channel. July 3, 1930 2 25-foot entrance channel, the 25-foot anchorage and H. Doc. 281, 71st Cong., 2d sess. an 18-foot channel through Johnsons River; present project dimensions of the channels through Po- quonock River, Yellow Mill Pond, Black Rock Harbor and Cedar Creek. Aug. 12, 19371 The present extent of Burr Creek channel -- .. _-_--- Specified in act. Aug. 26, 1937 The 25-foot 'cannel through the main harbor, and H. Doc. 232, 75th Cong., 1st :ess. present project location and extent of the 18- and 12-foot anchorage basins. Mar. 2, 1945 The 30-foot channel; elimination of 12-foot anchorage__ H. Doe. 819, 76th Conig., 3d sess. July 24, 1946 30-foot turning basin and 15-foot and 9-foot channels H. Doc. 680, 79th Cong., 2d sess. in Johnsons River. (contains latest published map.) 1 Public Law 276, 75th Cong. 2 Removal of rock in Yellow Mill Pond inactive-not presently required. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 35 waterfront facilities serving the port of Bridgeport, all of which are used or in usable condition. Numerous handling facilities are predominant in every section of the harbor. Although more than 70 percent of the total number of docks are marginal wharf type structures in constricted waterways, there are, however, several offshore wharf and pier type structures in the open waters of the main harbor. All of the piers, wharves, or docks are accessible by paved roadways, but only half of them have rail connections with the rail line serving the port area. Three of the wharves are owned by the city of Bridgeport and 3 others may be used by the public upon agreement with the owners or operators. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England, No. 4, revised in 1952.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging, by contract, to restore project depth in the Black Rock Harbor and Cedar Creek channel, was started on December 1, 1954, and was still RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 35 in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the period 58,171 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs were $46,872, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete. The east breakwater is in good condition, the west breakwater and the shore protection works on Fayerweather Island are in need of repairs. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 27 feet in the westerly three-quarters and 24 feet in the easterly quarter of the main channel from about 13/4 miles south of the outer end of the East Breakwater to the south end of the 25-foot anchorage, thence 27 feet to about 1,600 feet downstream of Stratford Avenue Bridge, thence 24 feet to the bridge (1953); 15 feet in the Poquonock River channel to the upstream limit of the Federal project, with the exception of a 13-foot depth through the East Washington Avenue draw passage (1953) ; 18 feet in Yellow Mill Channel to about 1,900 feet upstream of Stratford Avenue Bridge (1953), thence 15 feet to head of project (1943); 12 feet in Johnson River to north end of channel (1953); 14 feet in the easterly three-quarters and 12 feet in the westerly quarter of the Black Rock Harbor and Cedar Creek channel and 14 feet in the east and west branches (1952); Burr Creek, about 3 feet (1939); 28 feet in the 30-foot turning basin (1953); 21 feet in the southerly three- quarters and 18 feet in the remaining quarter of the 25-foot anchorage basin (1953). The costs under the existing project have been $3,004,549, of which $2,206,898 was for new work and $797,651 for maintenance. Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated.--------- -------------- --------- ------------ ------------ $2,585,347 Cost ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2, 585,:347 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ........ --$9, 796 $53, 852 $6, 400 -$709 $175, 200 937, 928 Cost----------------- 24, 153 23, 554 36,009 ..------------ 46, 872 809, 600 1Includes $378,450 for new work and $11,949 for maintenance for previous projects. 18. NORWALK HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 40 miles east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 221 and 1213.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, June 3, 1896, and March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1757 of the Annual Report for 1915 and page 137 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep from the outer harbor to the highway bridge at South Norwalk, about 3.1 miles, 200 feet wide to Gregory (Dorlon) Point, thence 150 feet wide to South Norwalk, and 250 feet wide along the South Norwalk wharves, thence a channel 10 feet deep and generally 100 feet wide 36 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 to the head of navigation about 1.5 miles; an anchorage basin 10 feet deep and about 17 acres in area opposite Fitch Point; a channel 6 feet deep from the 10-foot anchorage to East Norwalk, 125 feet wide to the bend beyond Third Street, thence 150 feet wide to the head, a total distance of 2,900 feet; and for an irregular-shaped anchorage basin of about 7 acres, 6 feet deep adjacent to the upper portion of the East Norwalk channel. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges at South Norwalk are 7.1 and 8.4 feet, respectively. The cost of new work for the completed project was $368,612, exclusive of $34,500 contributed by local interests and ex- clusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $11,900. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1919 South Norwalk and Norwalk channels; 10-foot an- H. Doc. No. 1143, 63d Cong., 2d chorage. sess. Mar. 2,1945 East Norwalk channel widening and anchorage _ H..Doc. No. 220, 76th Cong., 1st se s. (contains latest published maps). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terninal facilities. There are 2 city wharves, neither of which is in usable condition. There are 19 private wharves in use or in usable condition having a total berthing space of about 3,100 feet. One has rail connections. None of the private wharves are open to general use. The public wharves are inadequate for existing com- merce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England, 1941.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging, by contract, to restore project depths in the 12-foot main channel and in the 6-foot East Norwalk channel, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed August 17,1954. During the period 106,821 cubic yards of ordinary material was removed; making a total of 214,492 cubic yards removed under the contract. Costs amounted to $79,485 for this work, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1950. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 12 feet in the 12-foot channels from Long Island Sound to the Wash- ington Street Bridge (1954), thence 5 feet to the head of navigation in Norwalk (1953); 6 to 12 feet in the basin at Norwalk (1940); 5 feet in the 10-foot anchorage basin (1953); 6 feet in the 6-foot East Norwalk channel from Fitch Point Light to the upstream limit of the Federal project (1954) ; 4 feet in the 6-foot anchorage basin East Norwalk (1954). The costs under the existing project have been $368,612 for new work and $361,869 for maintenance, a total of $730,- 481. In addition $34,500 was expended for new work from con- tributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 37 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated_ -- ,-i------------- . $20, 077 -___---..... ......... 2 $531, 129 Cost --------------- -$2, 171-- 2 531,129 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- 200 ------------ 3,000. $165, 000 -$15, 499 427, 989 Cost...._____.... .._ 200 ------------ 2,609 70,406 79, 485 427, 989 1 Includes $162,517 for new work and $66,120 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $34,500 was expended for new work from contributed funds. 19. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CON- DITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or con- Name of project fiscal year dition survey conducted Connecticut: Branford Harbor__ .................. __...... .......... $1, 584 December 1954. Clinton Harbor.........------------------------------------ 1, 353 November-December 1954. Connecticut River below Hartford- ..... --__.---- .- -_ .6, 711 May-June 1955. Duck Island Harbor _..-_____ ____ -- ------- _______ 550 January 1955. Fivemile River Harbor- ........-..-................... 826 April 1955. Stamford Harbor-- --- .....------------------------------- 139 March-May 1954. Maine: Belfast Harbor ___.__ ............ _______ __-__--...---... 14 April 1954. Boothbay Harbor---------........--...--------------............-----------702 June1955. East Boothbay Harbor .---. June 1955. 5----------530 Medomak River.------------------------------------- 582 June1955. New Harbor _--------_____. ---------.-........ 272 - April 1955. Penobscot River____...................-----------...........--.....--------- 739 June 1955. York Harbor------------- ...............-------------------------...... 599 April 1955. Massachusetts: Fall River.......................----------------- .............--------------------... 1, 282 May 1955. Gloucester Harbor and Annisquam River --------------- 1, 912 March 1955. Menemsha Creek ______- ____.............. ---........- .. 927 February 1955. New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor------------------................... 853 June 1955. Plymouth Harbor____ __.. ....................... ...... 1, 174 July 1954. Provincetawn Harbor...-__-.._........................ 985 July 1954. Scituate Harbor.,....................................... 383 May 1955. Rhode Island: Newport Harbor_. ----------- ...-- .---.---. --... -_ 2, 416 January 1955. Wickford Harbor--_---... - _ . .----- --- - ---- - 449 May 1955. 38 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 20. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost and expenditures to For last full June 30, 1955 Estimated report see amount re- Name of project Annual Report Operation quired to for- New work and complete maintenance 1. Bagaduce River, Maine 2 3 4__________________ 1912 $28, 000 ----------------------- Bagaduce River, Maine (inactive) 1 2. Bar Harbor, Maine__-___..................._ -------- $50, 000 1932 406, 591 Bar Harbor, Maine (inactive) 1- 3. Bass Harbor Bar, Maine_.................__ - -- 1920 4,076 ------------------------------------- 171-- $3, 418 (*) 75, 000 4. Beals Harbor, Maine---- ........ 1949 210, 000 5. Belfast Harbor, Manie__ __..... 1954 39, 561 1, 160 6. Bellamy River, N. H.2 4_ 1897 34, 643 (*) 7. Beverly Harbor, Mass.____. - ._____-_ 1951 5 197, 565 1, 718 (*) 8. Block Island (Great Salt Pond), R. I. 6 7-.... 1953 189, 037 96, 047 Block Island Great Salt Pond, R. I. (in- .............. active) 1 9. Boothbay Harbor, Maine a 4 1953 18,000 1, 560 (*) 10. Branford Harbor, Conn __ __ 1953 9, 537 120, 930 (*) 11. Bucksport Harbor, Maine__.._. 1907 18, 421 279 (*) 12. Bullocks Point Cove, R. I_ ___ 9' 174, 174, 000 13. Burial Hill Beach, Conn_...---__-___-_ 1950 o 9, 000 14. Buttermilk Bay (Channel), Mass ........... 1953 31, 676 15. Camden Harbor, Maine a__...__...._.._... 4 1945 72, 400 31, 075 (*) (*) (*) 16. Canipitsit Channel, Mass. ...... ___...__ 1899 9, 113 (*) 17. Cape Porpoise Harbor, Maine............... 1954 11 175, 037 668 (*) 18. Carvers Harbor, Maine 4_____________________ 1915 16, 000 ----- -- - - 19. Cathance River, Maine 2 4___________________ 1884 21, 000 (*) 20. Chatham (Stage) Harbor, Mass .... ........ 1953 12167, 000 ---------....- 21. .. Clinton Harbor, Conn_ _______ 1952 1a 79, 005 3, 270 22. Coasters Island Harbor, R. I.4 ___________.............__ 1911 5, 500 13, 052 23. Cobscook Bay, Maine 24____________________ 1866 4, 173 (*) 24. Cocheco River, N. H.2 4_____________________ 1913 119, 089 9, 643 (*) 25. Cohasset Harbor, Mass____.......__....._... 1949 .............. .............. 12 175, 000 26. Compo Beach, Westport, Conn---,_ 1950 -------------- 1859,000 27. Connecticut River (above Hartford), Conn.17 1932 324 116, 14, 374 --- - - - - - Connecticut1 River (above Hartford), Conn. .............. .............. (inactive) l__ ts12, 700, 000 28. Connecticut River (below Hartford), Conn__ 1954 20858, 556 2, 215, 955 to 510, 444 29. Corea Harbor, Maine_________....__..._... 1954 31, 707 59,162 (*) 30. Criehaven Harbor, Maine... __ 1939 40, 776 7, 956 (*) (*) (*) 31. Cross Rip Shoals, Nantucket Sound, Mass._ 1954 24, 200 42, 654 (*) 32. Damariscotta River, Maine 4 -------.----.-.- 1906 5, 000 ----- -- - - (*) 33. Deer Island Thoroughfare, Maine ......-- 1916 40, 000 (*) 34. Dorchester Bay and Neponset River, Mass.1__ 1954 94, 584 35, 757 1709,416 35. Duck Island Harbor, Conn__.___........._._ 1953 367, 298 346, 869 36. _____________. Duxbury Harbor, Mass ....... 1949 22207, 000 37. East Boothbay Harbor, Maine............... 1953 -----------------------------16, 978 14 38. Edgartown Harbor, Mass. 24 _________ 1943 2 614 (*) (*) 39. Essex River, Mass ---...................... 1948 21, 799 2a60, 050 (*) 40. Exeter River, N. H.4 2_________________ _____ 1913 27, 454 41. Falmouth Harbor, Mass.__.__. .... __.. 1948 301160, (*) 000 42. Fivemile River Harbor, Conn.' 27 _ ._...._ 1953 35, 490 32,137 Fivemile River Harbor, Conn. (inactive) 1__ - 14, 500 43. Georges River, Maine a_ 1935 25, 788 39, 566 (*) 44. Gloucester Harbor and Annisquam River, Mass. 14................................... 1954 535,154 179,868 179, 846 45. Greenwich Bay, R. I_ ___.___......._ 1893 2,000 (*) 46. Greenwich Harbor, Conn .................. 1953 29181, 741 64,139 47. Guilford Harbor, Conn.4.'................ 1949 ............------- 30117, 000 48. Gulf Beach, Conn _..____ ______ ___ 3314, 000 49. Hammonasset River to East River (Area 2), Conn___ 82167, 000 50. Hampton Beach, N. H.... 33140, 000 51. Harraseeket River, Maine 423 1896 30,963 52. Hay (West) Harbor, Fishers Island, N. Y.14__ 1931 8, 401 53. Hendricks Harbor, Maine_............. .... 1949 16,000 54. Hingham Harbor, Mass .. __ _ 1954 19, 000 51, 803 (*) 55. Hyannis Harbor, Mass____ _ 1951 197, 383 56, 265 34247, 617 56. Isle Au Haut Thoroughfare, Maine.......... 1949 69, 000 ....... 57. Ipswich River Mass____ _________ 1950 5, 618 2,151 (*) 58. Jennings Beach and Ash Creek, Conn...... 1950 ............... 35(*) 59. Josias River, Maine ______ __ _ __ 1952 s 30,658 (*) 60. Kennebec River, Maine_-..-.-.--.-......- 1954 1,090, 529 273,178 Kennebec River, Maine (inactive) 1---.----- (120, 000 61. Kingston Harbor (North Plymouth), Mass.2- 1895 -------- 8, 940 (*) 62. Lake Winnipesaukee, N. H....___........._ 1952 7, 500 29, 651 (*) 63. Lamprey River, N. H.4 23.... . 1913 19, 980 8, 268 (*) See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 39 Cost and expenditures to For last full June 30, 1955 Estimated report see Name of project Annual amount re- Report Operation quired to for- New work , and complete maintenance 64. Little Harbor, N. H.4 37 1909 $133,227 $3, 122 (*) 65. Little H arbor, W oods H ole, M ass. 14 ...... 1906 18, 000 (*) 66. Lubec Channel, Maine____ 1950, 134, 411 7, 067 (*) 67. Lynn Harbor, Mass.....__ .___.............. 1951 ------------- ------....-..-- 39$58,000 Lynn Harbor, Mass. (deferred for restudy)--- as 730, 000 68. Lynn-Nahant Beach, Mass .___ ------------- 40200, 000 69. Machias River, Maine 4 23____________________ 1877 32, 000 (*) 70. Maiden River, Mass. 1_.__............... 1922 4279, 866 45, 097 71. Manchester Harbor, Mass____ 1949 ............. 584- 494, 000 ---------------------------------- 72. Marblehead Harbor, Mass__ __ 1945 584 4 250, 000 73. Matinicus Harbor, Maine---............. 4 1952 14, 000 8, 413 (*) 74. Mattapoisett Harbor, Mass. __ 1950 ----- _-_-_-_ " 62, 000 75. Medomak River, Maine_____------- ___ 1953 17, 000 92,175 (*) 76. Menemsha Creek, Martha's 3 Vineyard, Mass__ 1953 4556, 926 927 (*) 77 . M e rr im a ck R iv er , M as s .>. .. . . __.._ ___ . . 1940 115, 425 147, 860 (*) 78. Mianus River, Conn_________ -.--- __- ___ 1952 46132, 435 65 (*) 79. M iddle Beach, Conn _____.... . ____.____ ___ 47 13, 000 80. Moosabec Bar, Maine 4______________________ 1930 114, 000 12, 600 (*) 81. Mystic River, Conn------------------- 1953 526 11, 45, 320 48 107, 474 82. Mystic River, Mass -___-------------------- 193 770, 125 208, 593 4, 724, 875 83. Nantucket (Harbor of Refuge), Mass_... ..... 1952 456, 482 277, 300 49162, 518 Nantucket (Harbor of Refuge), Mass. (in- active)l 91--------- ------- ---------------- 85,000 84. Napatree Beach, R. I__ s 35000-- 35, 000 - -66 ------------------------------- 85. Narragansett Pier, R. I_____ 000 86. Narraguagus River, Maine 24 1907 49, 644 87. New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass.a52 1953 1, 686, 918 625, 083 New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass. 12838-- ------------------------------- (inactive)'l-------------- --------- 115, 000 88. New Harbor, M aine a3....................... 1937 10,500 12, 838 (*) 89. New Haven Breakwater, Conn----_ 1950 1, 242, 246 40, 254 (*) 90. New London Harbor, Conn_..._____________ 1954 567, 974 224, 825 (*) 91. Newburyport Harbor, Mass---------__ 1954 463, 843 293, 637 6 196, 157 92. Newport Harbor, R. I..--...___....____ 1953 498, 828 29, 916 (*) 93. Northeast Harbor, Maine_____ 1954 138, 942 (*) 94. Owls Head Harbor, Maine ________________ 1855 17, 897 (*) 95. Passamaquoddy 'Tidal Power Project, Maine_ 1935 6, 384, 394 (14) 96. Patchogue River, Conn................... 5' 141, 000 97. Penobscot River, Maine______- __-__-- - - 1954 292, 020 96, 901 (*) 98. Pepperell Cove, Maine 4_______ 1920 158, 262 138 (*) 99. Pleasant River Maine 423 1892 3, 500 (*) 100. Plymouth Harbor, Mass.- ... ___ ... 1954 56188, 571 . 368, 560 --.......... Plymouth Harbor, Mass. (deferred for re- study) - ao 417, 000 101. Point Judith (Harbor of Refuge) and Point Judith Pond,:R ..I__,------------------ 1953 672, 488, 430 879, 025 (*) 102. Point Judith, Sand Hill Obve Beach, R. I___ - - -- -- - - _ - - - - - - - - - 68 82, 000 103. Portsmouth Harbor and Piscataqua River, N. H. and Maine__---_---.................... 1892 130, 393 1,000,000 104. Potowomut River, R. I. 4 14_________________ 1882 5, 000 (*) 105. Prospect Beach, Conn___ * 90, 000 106. Provincetown Harbor, Mass_ _ _ 1949 131,653 43,114 as 1, 635, 347 Provincetown Harbor (inactive) 901__---.. 45, 000 .............. 10 7. Q u in cy S h ore B eac h, M ass _.... _ ____.. .. .. 6t 430,000 108. Revere Beach, Mass____ 4 78,453- ------------------------------- a 415, 000 109. Richmond Harbor, Maine 23 .. .__ 1883 20, 000 (*) 110. Richmond's Island Harbor, Maine 4_..... .. 1882 119, 844 (*) 111. Rockland Harbor, Maine .................. 1950 915,863 78, 453 (*) 112. Rockport Harbor, Maine 2................._____ 1915 000 32, (*) 113. Rockport Harbor, Mass. 3s ... 1905 22, 000 (*) 114. Royal River Maine 2 4 1884 21, 919 8, 081 (*) 115. Saco River, Maine 1947 63 531, 716 132,019 Saco River, Maine (inactive) -------------- 000 116. St. Croix River, Maine ..4 ___................. 1950 6 179, 550 10,450 (*) 117. Sakonnet Harbor, R. I. 14________-_____ 1940 62,203 10, 296 (*) 118. Sakonnet River, R. I. 1 as ..................- 1909 38,427 (*) 119. S alem H a b or Mass.r_ _ . . . . . . . 1953 48, 088 9, 043 177, 000 120. Sandy. 4Bay ( arbor of Refuge) Cape Ann, Mass. - - -a..... _--------_..... 1922 553 1,925, 15, 926 1-------------- Sandy Bay (Harbor of Refuge) Cape Ann, Mass. (inactive) .------------------------ 9, 900, 000 121. Sasanoa River, Maine 2 -------------- 1915 35,000 122. Sasco Hill Beach, Conn -- -_ 1950 91 ........ .... . ...... .. 622, 000 (*) 123. Scarboro River, Maine, between Prout's Neck and Pine Point ... _____...... 1950 -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - 67 205, 000 See footnotes at end of table. 40 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and expenditures to For last full June 30, 1955 Estimated report see amount re- Name of project rAnnual Report Operation quired to for- New work and complete maintenance 124. Scituate Harbor, Mass--- ....--.----------- 1953 $179, 796 $7, 814 68$393, 000 125. Seaside Park, Conn-----.... --------- 8 125, 000 126. Seekonk River, R. I. ------------ 1954 70337, 789 780, 260 (*) 71 175, 000 127. Sherwood Island State Park, Conn-.......... 1950 .............. ..........-... 128. S h or t B ea ch, C onn _.. . . . . . . . . ............ 7226, 500 129. Silver Beach to Cedar Beach, Conn ...... 73 19, 000 130. South Bristol Harbor, Maine ............... 1914 3, 500 (*) 131. Southport Beach, Conn_.................... 1950 7415, 000 132. Southport Harbor, Conn... ................ 1954 v 7554, 214 78757, 42, 224 (*) 133. Stamford Harbor, Conn_.................... 1954 681 170, 834 6 Stamford Harbor, Conn. (inactive) 1 ------ ------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- 33,-------- 134. Stockton Harbor, Maine 34 1915 3--- 123,600 __ 000 (*) 135. Stonington Harbor, Conn __.._. ..... 1950 7790, 000 136. Sullivan Falls Harbor, Maine 2 4------------- 1914 19, 871 (*) 137. Taunton River, Mass.-_______............_. 1948 271, 390 86 78960, 610 138. Tenants Harbor, Maine .......... ____._..... 1920 18, 750 139. Union River, Maine 2 3___________..... 1912 146, 855 16, 589 (*) (*) 140. Vineyard Haven Harbor, Mass.14l............ 1943 27, 186 141. Wareham Harbor, Mass.13-... 1896 55, 997 Wareham Harbor, Mass. (inactive) 1 . 47, 000 142. Warren River, R. I.14.__. 1890 5, 000 (*) 143. Wellfleet Harbor, Mass ........- _ ..... 1949 7o241, 000 144. Wells Harbor, Maine4 23_____________________ 1874 , 000 (*) 145. Westcott Cove, Conn____ __................. 1948 so53, 000 146. Westport Harbor and Saugatuck River, 147. Conn ..........------------ 4 Westport River, Mass. 7_____________________ Westport River, Mass. (deferred for restudy) 1948 1942 15, 160 ------------------- ------------- .......... ...l 14,121 sl103, 840 s80 80, 000 148. Weymouth Back River, Mass... 1944 -- 68,740 .... (*) 149. Weymouth Fore River, Mass.3 84_____________ 1953 355, 227 134, 906 8s5, 057, 773 Weymouth Fore River, (inactive) ....------ 91350, 000 150. Wickford Harbor R. I __.. ............. - 1953 s8 117, 733 449 (*) 151. Wilson Point Harbor, Conn.4 14_............. 1895 54, 177 (*) 152. Winthrop Beach, Mass .... ______.....__...._ 1950 87260, 000 2 8, 992 153. Winthrop Harbor, Mass. -..... ......... 1895 (*) 154. Wood Island Harbor, Maine, and the pool at Biddeford-...-----..------ 1950 8s162, 000 155. 156. Woodmont Shore, Conn___ Woods Hole channel, Mass ___ ...-.... _..... 1940 ---------- 4 230, 000 11, 661 (*) so45,000 157. York Harbor, Maine_.............._._....... 1953 13, 400 20, 900 *Completed. 1 Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision-1954. 2 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 8Improvements adequate for commerce. 4No commerce reported. 5 Excludes $100,000 expended from contributed funds. 6 Curtailment recommended June 24, 1946, in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 7 Awaiting local cooperation. 8 Exclusive of $8,000 to be contributed by local interests. o Exclusive of $126,000 local cash contribution and an estimated cost to local interests of $30,000 for a public wharf and $10,000 for a dike for spoil area. 10Costs to local interests $18,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 11In addition $20,000 was expended from contributed funds. 12Exclusive of $43,500 to be contributed by local interests. 18Exclusive of $6,600 contributed by local interests. 14Maintenance unnecessary or not urgent. 15Exclusive of $30,000 to be contributed by local interests. 16Costs to local interests $118,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 17Awaiting local cooperation. Under date of January 14, 1939, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for construction of a lock, dam, and power plant at Enfield Rapids. (H. Doc. 165, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) 18Estimated cost of project $12,816,000; expenditures limited by law to $1,000,000. 19Exclusive of $85,500 to be contributed by local interests. 20Includes $9,000 expended for new work for subproject "'EightMile River, Conn." 21Awaiting local cooperation. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 41 22Exclusive of $35,000 to be contributed by local interests. 23 Reported by the District Engineer as unworthy of further improvement. 24In addition $10,000 was expended from contributed funds. 25Excludes $5,000 expended of contributed funds. 26 Exclusive of $35,000 to be contributed by local interests. 27Curtailment recommended Dec. 15, 1914, in H. Doc. 1419, 63d Cong., 3d sess. 28 Exclusive of $25,000 local cash contribution. 29 Excludes $100,000 expended from contributed funds. 80oExclusive of $25,500 to be contributed by local interests. 81 Costs to local interests $28,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 82 Costs to local interests $333,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 33 Costs to local interests $280,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 24 Exclusive of $62,500 to be contributed by local interests. 3a Federal participation to the extent of one-third amounts to $14,700. 86Exclusive of $35,000 expended by local interests for work on the project. 37Elimination of maintenance dredging recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 38Deferred for restudy. Latest cost estimate-1955. 39 Exclusive of $140,000 to be contributed by local interests of which the "deferred for restudy portion" is estimated to cost $135,000. 4r Costs to local interests $400,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 41 Under State maintenance. 42Exclusive of $62,000 expended from contributed funds. 43 Exclusive of $60,000 to be contributed by local interests. 44Exclusive of $33,000 to be contributed by local interests. 45In addition $12,500 was expended from contributed funds for construction. 46 Exclusive of $46,500 contributed by local interests. 47Costs to local interests $26,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 48Exclusive of $14,000 to be contributed by local interests. 49Exclusive of $31,500 to be contributed by local interests. 50Costs to local interests $70,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 81Costs to public interests $130,000 exclusive of Federal participation. In addition costs to private interests are $112,000. 3a Commerce included under Tiverton Harbor, R. I. s3Exclusive of $34,000 to be contributed by local interests. 54Work discontinued 1937. Facilities transferred to the War Assets Administration. 55Exclusive of $94,000 to be contributed by local interests. 36In addition $108,400 has been expended from contributed funds, of which $108,000 was for new work and $400 was for maintenance. Z7 In addition the sum of $17,587 was expended for construction from contributed funds. 58 Costs to public interests $164,000 exclusive of Federal participation. In addition costs to private interests are $90,000. 89Costs to local interests $210,000 exclusive of Federal participation. so Exclusive of $760,000 to be contributed by local interests. 61 Costs to local interests $860,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 82Costs to local interests $830,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 83 Exclusive of $20,000 expended from contributed funds. 64 Exclusive of $19,892 expended from contributed funds. 65Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 411, 64th Cong.,Flst'sess., and in Rivers and Harbors Com mittee-Doc. 3, 65th Cong., 1st sess. 66 Costs to local interests $44,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 67 Exclusive of $10,000 to be contributed by local interests. 88 Exclusive of $262,000 to be contributed by local interests. 69 Costs to local interests $250,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 70In addition the sum of $67,792 has been expended for new work from contributed funds. 71Costs to local interests $350,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 72Costs to local interests $53,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 73 Costs to local interests $512,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 74 Costs to local interests $30,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 75These costs include $37,714 expended for new work from emergency relief funds and $16,500 contributed by local interests. In addition, $1,785 was expended by local interests for work outside the approved project. 76 In addition costs have been $169,636 from contributed funds for new work. 77Exclusive of $5,500 to be contributed by local interests. 78Exclusive of $107,000 to be contributed by local interests. 79Exclusive of $32,000 to be contributed by local interests. 80Exclusive of $21,000 to be contributed by local interests. 81Exclusive of $39,000 to be contributed by local interests. 82 Exclusive of $80,000 to be contributed by local interests. 8 Exclusive of $20,000 expended from contributed funds. 84Modification recommended in H. Doc. 555, 82d Cong., 2d sess. 85In addition costs to local interests estimated to be $68,000. 8 Exclusive of $25,000 contributed by local interests. 87Costs to local interests $520,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 88Exclusive of $12,000 to be contributed by local interests. 89 Costs to local interests $147,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 90 Deferred for Restudy. Latest cost estimate 1954. 91Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision 1955. 42 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 21. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. AND MASS. The works covered by the comprehensive plan are located on the Merrimack River and its tributaries in New Hampshire and Massa- chusetts. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, authorized the construction of a system of flood control reservoirs in the Merri- mack River Basin for the reduction of flood heights in the Merri- mack Valley. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes as approved by the Chief of Engineers pursuant to prelimi- nary examinations and surveys authorized by the Act of June 22, 1936, and modified the project to provide, in addition to the construc- tion of a system of flood control reservoirs, related flood control works which may be found justified by the Chief of Engineers. The ,following reservoirs and related flood control works were pro- posed for construction under the comprehensive plan: Reservoirs Dis- Estimated Federal cost tance above Reser- voir Name Nearest city mouth Height Type cap- Land of Mer- c"pa- Con Land rimack city struction and Total River damages I Acre- Miles Feet feet Franklin Fallls 2_ Franklin, N. H __ 118. 2 140 Earth fill_ 154, 000 $6.169,500 $1,752,000 $7, 921, 500 M o u n3 t a i n Keene, N. H.... 167.8 50 ___do ...... 5,300 695, 000 79, 000 774, 000 Brook. 6 Edward 2 Mac- __.do 161. 3 67 ___do 12,800 1, 702, 000 306, 000 2, 008, 000 Dowell. Bennington 45___Manchester, N. 147. 0 73 ___do _..... 90, 000 7,779, 000 4, 621, 000 12, 400, 000 Blackwater H. Beards Brook 46 Concord, N. H__ ---... do- -- 136. 4 118. 8 115 75 -do --- do--- _ 35, 000 6, 835, 000 46, 000 764, 000 395, 000 553, 000 7, 230,000 1, 317, 000 1 Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. 2 For details, see individual report. 3 A dam has been constructed at the site by private interests. Cost has not been revised on current price basis. 4 Cost last revised in 1954. 5 To be restudied. 6 Inactive. Local protection projects Distance Estimated Federal cost above LocationMerri- MerrLocationuthi-of Type of structure Con- n Land mack s on and Total River damages 1 Miles Nashua, N. H.2______ __-___ 4-_________55 Wall and levee.... $270, 000 $3, 000 $273, 000 North Andover and Lawrence, Mass. .. 3 - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 27. 3 ___do ......... 1,680, 000 43, 000 1,723, 000 Lowell, Mass. ... 39 do__........ 490, 600 90, 000 580, 600 1 To be borne by local interests. 2 Completed. For last full report, see Annual Report for 1950. 3 Completed. For last full report, see Annual Report for 1945. 4 Cost last revised in 1954; inactive. All operations pertaining to flood control in the Merrimack River Basin are now carried on under and are reported under the projects FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 43 for the individual units of the comprehensive plan referred to above. No further expenditures are contemplated under the general proj- ect for flood control in the Merrimack River Basin. For final cost and financial summary, see Annual Report for 1946. 22. FRANKLIN FALLS RESERVOIR, MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on the Pemigewasset River in New Hampshire, the main tributary of the Merrimack River, and is about 21/2 miles upstream of Franklin, N. H. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Penacook and Holderness, N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,740 feet, a top width of 25 feet, and a height of 140 feet above river bed. The spillway is located on rock in the right abutment and is a low, concrete weir with a crest length of 546 feet. The spillway approach and discharge channels are in earth and rock cut and are 1,785 and 900 feet in length, respectively. The outlet works are on the right bank of the river and consist of an intake channel 840 feet long, and two 22-foot horseshoe-shaped conduits each 542 feet long and each controlled by 4 broome gates operated through a control tower from a gatehouse above. The outlet works also have a stilling basin and an outlet channel with a length of 2,350 feet. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 154,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 2.9 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 1,000 square miles. The cost of the completed project was $6,169,500 for construction and $1,752,000 for lands and damages, a total of $7,921,500. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and mainte- nance is $30,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Merrimack River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of a periodic checking of gates and operating equipment, and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds. Reservoir operation : There was one period of regulation at Franklin Falls Reservoir during the year. In September 24,000 acre-feet of storage, 16 percent of the total capacity, was utilized. The computed peak inflow was 27,000 c. f. s. and the maximum regulated outflow was 16,000 c. f. s. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $23,252, all maintenance funds. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Construc- tion of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in November 1939 and completed in October 1943. Total costs for the project have been $8,177,710, of which $7,921,531 was for new work and $256,179 for maintenance. 44 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, IT. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . ... .30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1.951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... .......... -$30, 000------- -- $11, 448 -$256 -$14 $7, 921, 531 Cost................---------------- 3, 756 -$99 7, 025 -- --------- -....... 7, 921, 531 Maintenance: Appropriated---------...... 12, 000 23, 950 29, 300 28,300 23,600 256, 650 Cost....-----------------.... 20, 279 22, 798 27, 677 30, 569 23, 252 256, 179 23. EDWARD MacDOWELL RESERVOIR -(FORMERLY WEST PETERBOR- OUGH RESERVOIR), MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on Nubanusit Brook, a tributary of the Contoocook River, and is one-half mile upstream from the village of West Peterborough, N. H., and 14 miles east of Keene, N. H. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Peterboro and Monadnock, N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock blanket on the upstream face and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length of 1,030 feet, a top width of 25 feet, and a maximum height of 67 feet. The outlet works located in the west abutment of the dam consist of an intake structure, a 7-foot square conduit which is 275 feet in length and is controlled by three 3-foot by 7-foot slide gates mechanically operated through a control tower from a gate house above, and a stilling basin emptying into the pool of the Verney Mills Dam. The spillway is a low, concrete weir, 100 feet in length, with a 1,900-foot long approach channel, a 3,080-foot long discharge channel, and a 2,540-foot long protective dike to guide .the spillway discharge. The spillway is located in a. natural saddle on the north side of the reservoir approximately 3 miles from the dam site and discharges into Ferguson Brook which, in turn, discharges into the proposed Bennington Reservoir. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 12,800 acre- feet which is equivalent to 5.5 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 44 square miles. The cost of new work for the completed project was $1,702,000 for construction and $306,000 for lands and damages, a total of $2,008,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $18,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Merrimack River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The name "Edward MacDowell Dam" was adopted by section 206 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Final payments were made in connection with land acquisition. Costs from regular funds were $8,058. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates FLOOD CONTROIr--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 45 -and operating equipment, and general maintenance of roads, build- ings and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $15,149. Reservoir operation: The reservoir was regulated in September to reduce flows on the Nubanusit Brook. The maximum storage utilized was 1,200 acre-feet, or 9.4 percent, of the total capacity. The com- puted peak inflow was 550 c. f. s. The maximum regulated outflow to empty the reservoir was 300 c. f. s. In April 1,100 acre-feet, or 8.6 percent of the total storage capacity was utilized. During this period the outflow was restricted to 180 c. f. s. The maximum regulated outflow to empty the reservoir was 420 c. f. s. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $23,207. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Construc- tion of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in March 1948, and completed in March 1950. Total costs for the project have been $2,102,410, of which $2,007,821 was for new work and $94,589 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_- -_ _-- - ----------- -$27, 500 -$25, 479 -$8, 200 $2, 007, 821 Cost---.........--- . $12, 152 $6, 589 377 47, 584 8, 058 2, 007, 821 MIaintenance: Appropriated----......... 12, 300 16, 250 18, 600 17, 500 16, 000 95, 650 Cost.................. 19, 466 16, 127 16, 547 19, 718 15, 149 94, 589 24. BLACKWATER RESERVOIR, MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on the Blackwater River in New Hampshire, 8.2 miles above the confluence with the Contoocook River and 118.8 miles above the mouth of the Merrimack River. It is in the town of Webster, just above the village of Swetts Mills, 12.5 miles by highway northwest of Concord, N. H. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Penacook and Mount Kearsarge, N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock blanket on the upstream face and a downstream rock toe. It Ihas a top length, including spillway, of 1,150 feet, a top width of 39 feet and a maximum height, above river bed, of 75 feet. There are also five earth dikes on the west side of the reservoir having a respec- tive length of 335, 170, 735, 175 and 240 feet and a respective maxi- =mum height of 29, 16, 40, 9, and 18 feet. The spillway is of the con- crete, gravity type with a length of 240 feet and has a 160-foot long approach channel and a 400-foot long discharge channel. The outlet works are in the spillway and consist of three conduits, each controlled by a 3-foot 6-inch by 5-foot 3-inch slide gate hydraulically operated from a gallery within the spillway. The dam and appurtenant works contain a 16-foot diameter penstock intake and have been constructed to provide for future raising and the inclusion of power at the site. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 46,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6.7 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 128 square miles. 46 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The cost of the completed project was $764,000 for construction and $553,000 for lands and damages, a total of $1,317,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and mainte- nance is $7,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Merrimack River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment, and general maintenance of roads, build- ings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $6,164. Reservoir operation: There were two periods of regulation to re- duce flood flows at Blackwater Reservoir during the year. In September the maximum storage utilized was 3,000 acre-feet, or 7 percent, of the total capacity. In June the outflow was restricted during a minor rise in river stage resulting from heavy rainfall. The storage utilized was negligible. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $6,164. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Construc- tion of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in May 1940, and completed in November 1944. Total costs for the project have been $1,376,622, of which $1,316,864 was for new work and $59,758 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated..-------- -$33, 000 ------------ -$3, 916 -$135 -$3, 271 $1, 316,864 Cost------------------_ 1, 420 $911 ----------------------------------- 1,316, 864 Maintenance: Appropriated---------.. 5, 000 5, 800 6, 000 4, 500 6, 200 60, 000 Cost_.__............ 5, 400 5, 500 4, 452 6, 099 6, 164 59, 758 25. BLACKSTONE RIVER BASIN, MASS., AND R. I. Location. The works covered by this project consist of a dam and reservoir on the West River and local protection works at three cities on the Blackstone River. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the plan for a reservoir on the West River and local protection works at Worcester, Mass., and Woonsocket and Pawtucket, R. I., substantially in accordance with House Document No. 624, 78th Congress, 2d session. The following individual projects comprise the authorized plan. FLOOD CONTROL---NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 47 Reservoirs Dis- Estimated cost tance above Reser- Name Nearest city mouth Height Type of HeightTp r capac- Con- struc- Land and Black- ity Total stone tion dam- River ages 1 Acre- Miles Feet feet West Hill 2 _ .___ Worcester, Mass_ 25. 8 43 Earthfill . 11, 900 $1, 977,000 $753, 000 $2, 730,000 1Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. 2Inactive; cost last revised in 1954. Local protection projects Distance Estimated cost above mouth Location of Type of structure Con- Land Black- stone struc- dam- dam- Total River ages 1 -- - -- - Miles Worcester, Mass.2 __ _ _ _ 48 Diversion tunnel and channeL $4,190 000 $544, 000 $4, 734, 000 Woonsocket, R. I --------------- 15 Channel improvement-.. .. 2, 020, 000 172, 000 2, 192, 000 Pawtucket, R. I.2 ____ ______ 2 Flood wall ------------------ 202, 000 ....---------- 202, 000 1 To be borne by local interests. 2 Inactive; cost last revised in 1954. 26. WOONSOCKET, BLACKSTONE RIVER BASIN, R. I. Location. The project is located on the Blackstone River within the city of Woonsocket, R. I., approximately 13 miles north of Providence, R. I. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Georgiaville, R. I., and Blackstone, Mass.-R. I.) Existing project. The project provides for the replacement of the existing Woonsocket Falls Dam with a new concrete overflow dam 250 feet long, to be constructed on rock. The dam will be equipped with two drum type gates, each 125 feet in length, to maintain the present pool level during low river stages. The project also provides for the widening, deepening, and straightening of the present river channel for a distance of 6,600 feet upstream from the dam to the Singleton Street Bridge and for the alteration of the present Edward Street foot- bridge and the Sayles Street Bridge. The improvements, together with the reductions in flood discharge to be realized by the construction of the West Hill Reservoir, will provide protection against the maxi- mum flood of record for adjoining areas in Woonsocket. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $2,020,000 for construc- tion and $172,000 for bridge alterations, lands, and rights-of-way. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 624, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). 363037-55-vol. 2- 4 48 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. In addition to usual requirements, local inter- ests are required to furnish assurances they will alter 1 highway and 1 footbridge. Assurances of local cooperation executed by the State of Rhode Island and the city of Woonsocket were approved by the Chief of Engineers on February 10, 1954. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of miscellaneous engineering studies in connection with preparation of detailed plans. The costs from regular funds for new work amounted to $24,875. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance planning is approxi- mately 20 percent complete. No construction work has been done under the project. Total costs from regular funds for new work were $24,875. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated....----------------------------------------------- $25, 000 $25, 000 Cost----------------- ------------------------------------ ---- 24,875 24,875 DOther new work data : Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------- --------- 100, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project -------------------------- 1, 895, 000 27. THAMES RIVER BASIN, CONN., R. I., AND MASS. Location. The works covered by this project are a series of dams and reservoirs on tributaries of the Thames River in Massachusetts and Connecticut, within a radius of 45 miles from Norwich, Conn., and a channel enlargement on the Shetucket River where it discharges into the Thames River at Norwich. Ecisting project. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, ;1941, approved the plan for a system of reservoirs and channel im- provemients in the Thames River Basin in accordance with House Document No. 885, 76th Congress, 3d session, and authorized $6 million for initiation and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the completion of the approved plan. FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 49 The following individual projects comprise the approved plan: Reservoirs Dis- Estimated Federal cost tanceReser- abovevoir Name Nearest city mouth Height Type capac- Con Land and Thames ity struction dam- Total River ages Acre- Miles Feet feet Hodges Village 3 Webster, Mass__. 74. 5 55 Earthfill_ _ 13, 000 $1,431,000 $1,609,000 $3, 040, 000 Buffumville-.. 3 _ ---. do ---------- 74. 7 66 -__do_..... 12, 700 2,163, 000 656, 700 2, 820, 000 East Brimfield Southbridge, 82.8 55 ___do ...... 30,000 1,747,000 3,573,000 5,320,000 Mass. Westville 3------...---- do----------. 77. 2 36 Concrete- 12, 000 2, 545, 000 3, 345, 000 5, 890, 000 gravity. Mansfield 2 Willimantic, 40.0 70 Earthfill_ 51,000 4,334,000 2,050,000 6, 384,000 Hollow.3 Conn. Andover ..... _______ Manchester, 47.0 80 _..do-...... 16,800 3,777,000 1,123,000 4,900,000 Conn. South Coventry 3_ Willimantic, 41.6 94 .. _do ..... 36,900 4,434,000 5,666,000 10,100,000 Conn. 2 Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. 2 For details, see individual report. 3 Inactive; cost last revised in 1954. Local protection projects SDistance Estimated cost above Location mouth of Type of structure Thames Con- Land dam-and Total River struction ages 1 Miles Norwich, Conn............---------------- 15 Channel improvement -- _ $1,300,000 $72, 000 I$1,372,000 1To be borne by local interests. All operations previously reported are now contained in individual reports and previous costs and expenditures have also been transferred to those projects. 28. BUFFUMVILLE RESERVOIR, THAMES RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The site of the proposed Buffumville Dam is on the Little River, 1.3 miles above its junction with the French River and 8 miles northeast of Southbridge, Mass. The reservoir will extend upstream approximately 1.7 miles northerly and 1.9 miles southerly. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps-Webster, Mass., and Conn., and Leicester, Mass.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a rolled-earth fill dam 3,390 feet long, rising 66 feet above the stream bed, and providing a flood control storage capacity of 11,300 acre-feet and a recreation storage capacity of 1,400 acre-feet, a total of 12,700 acre-feet. A combined spillway and outlet founded on firm bedrock will be located in the right or south abutment. The spillway will be of the concrete overflow type, having a crest length of 220 feet and a peak discharge capacity of 29,800 cubic feet per second. The outlet ivill consist of three 3- by 41/2 -foot conduits provided with sluice gates. The gates will be electrically operated from a control house on the 50 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 right abutment. An earth dike 630 feet long will be constructed 23/ miles from the spillway. The drainage area controlled is 26.5 square miles. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs for the control of floods in the Thames River Basin. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $2,163,300 for construc- tion and $656,700 for lands and damages, including highway reloca- tion, a total of $2,820,000 for new work. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $21,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 885, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering studies in connection with the preparation of plans and specifications were continued. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $24,984. Condition at end of fiscal year. Detailed plans were complete. Contract plans and specifications were approximately 70 percent com- plete. No construction work has been done. Total costs from regular funds for new work have been $139,622. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated__--------_ $40, 000 -$54, 362 $25, 000 $139, 638 848---------...........-- Cost.....-----------------....... 24,984 ......--------------------- 622 139, Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__- $55, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 19565----------------------------- ----- 55, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project___________---------________ 2, 625, 362 29. MANSFIELD HOLLOW REISERVOIR, THAMES RIVER BASIN, CONN. Location. The dam is located at Mansfield Hollow, Conn., on the Natchaug River, 5.3 miles above its confluence with the Willimantic River. It is 4 miles northeast of the city of Willimantic, Conn. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Spring Hill and Willimantic, Conn.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock blanket on the upstream face. It has a top length, including spillway, of 12,422 feet, a top width of 15 feet, and a maxi- mum height of 70 feet. There are also five earth dikes north of the dam and one earth dike south of the dam having a respective length of 190, 830, 464, 257, 766, and 104 feet and a respective maximum height of 12, 55, 15, 11, 8, and 12 feet. The spillway is located in the river channel and is of the concrete, gravity type with a crest length of 690 feet. The outlet works are in the spillway and consist of five conduits, each controlled by a 5-foot 6-inch by 7-foot slide gate FLOOD CONTROL---NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 51 hydraulically operated from a gallery within the spillway. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 51,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6.0 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 159 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $4,334,000 for con- struction and $2,050,000 for lands and damages, a total of $6,384,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $23,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Thames River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (H. Doc. 885, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Operations consisted of land acquisition, negotiation for relocation of utilities, sedimentation survey, and installation of safety features. Costs from regular funds were $26,348. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment, and general maintenance of roads, build- ings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $18,246. Reservoir operation: The reservoir was regulated following the storm accompanying "Hurricane Edna" in September. The maxi- mum storage utilized was 12,200 acre-feet, 23 percent of the total reservoir capacity. The computed peak inflow was 7,800 c. f. s. Flow was restricted to approximately 80 c. f. s. during the flood period. The maximum regulated outflow to empty the reservoir was 2,500 c. f. s. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $44,594. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam, initiated in July 1949, was completed in May 1952. Work to be done consists of payment for relocation of utilities and state highway and disposi- tion of land acquisition cases in condemnation. Total costs have been $6,322,932, of which $6,264,697 was for new work and $58,235 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-...... $2, 500, 000 $3, 000, 000 -$385, 000 -$133, 435 -$107, 565 $6, 384, 000 Cost----2, 252, 139 1, 132, 651 992, 384 125, 122 26, 348 6, 264, 697 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------...... ------------ 23,000 18, 000 18,000 59.000 Cost----------- ------------------------- 21, 641 18, 348 18, 246 58,235 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------------------------------------------------------- $7, 286 30. CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT., N. H., MASS., AND CONN. Location. The works covered by this project are a series of dams and reservoirs on tributaries of the Connecticut River in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts, within a radius of 230 miles from 52 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Hartford, Conn., and local protection works at several cities in the basin. Existing project. The Flood Control Act, approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the act approved May. 25, 1937 (Public Law 111, 75th Cong.), authorized the construction of 10 reservoirs on tributaries of the Connecticut River in accordance with plans in House Document No. 412, 74th Congress, 2d session, as the same may be revised upon further investigation of the 1936 flood. The Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, approved a general comprehensive plan for the control of floods and other purposes in the Connecticut River Valley, as set forth in House Document No. 455, 75th Congress, 2d session, and authorized the sum of $11,524,000 for construction of local flood-protection projects in the plan. The act of October 15, 1940, modified the act of June 28, 1938, to provide addi- tional protection at East Hartford, Conn., as set forth in House Document No. 653, 76th Congress, 3d session. The act of August 18, 1941, modified the comprehensive plan approved in 1938 to include the improvements recommended in House Document No. 653, 76th Con- gress, 3d session, and House Document No. 724, 76th Congress, 3d session, with such further modifications as may be found justifiable in the discretion of the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engi- neers. The latter act also authorized to be appropriated the addi- tional sums of $6 million for local protection works and $10 million for reservoirs. The act of October 26, 1942 (Public Law 759, 77th Cong., 2d sess.), further modified the plan by including the construc- tion of Gully Brook conduit at Hartford, Conn. The Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, authorized the expenditure of $30 million in addition to the previous authori- zation for the comprehensive plan approved in 1938 and modified the plan by (1) directing specific consideration of an alternative plan of the Vermont State Water Conservation Board instead of the Williams- ville Reservoir in the West River Basin, Vt., (2) directing consulta- tion with the affected States during the course of investigations and transmission of the proposal and plans to each affected State for written views and recommendation for reservoir projects heretofore authorized for construction at Cambridgeport, Ludlow, South Tun- bridge, and Gaysville, and resubmission of the projects or modifica- tions thereof to the Congress, and (3) rescinded the authorization for construction at the Sugar Hill site. The Flood Control Act of 1950 (Public, No. 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.), modified the project for flood control at Hartford, Conn., authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, as amended, to include Folly Brook dike and conduit. The Flood Control Act of 1954 (Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) modified the plan for flood control in the Connecticut River Basin to provide for the construction of a reservoir on Otter Brook at South Keene, N. H., in lieu of any reservoir or reservoirs heretofore authorized. This act further modified the plan for the West River Basin of the Connecticut River in Vermont to consist of 3 :reservoirs at the Ball Mountain, The Island, and Townshend sites, in. lieu of the plan of 8 reservoirs authorized in the Flood Control Act approved DIecember 22, 1944. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 53 Following are lists of the reservoirs and local protection works which were proposed for construction in the modified comprehensive plan: Dams and reservoirs Dis- Estimated cost tance above Reser- Name Nearest city ofCon- Height Type capO- necti- ity Construc- Land and Total cut tion damages t River Acre- Vermont: Miles Feet feet Victory ...... St. Johnsbury___ 306. 0 85 Earthfill__ 106,400 $2,873,100 $1,026,900 $3,900,000 Union Village2_ White River 228.4 170 -. do- ..... 38,000 3,098,000 905,000 4,003,000 Junction. Gaysville -__ Rutland--....... 246. 8 192 Concrete__ 124, 150 12,481,900 5, 618,100 18, 100, 000 S. Tunbridge 4_ Barre....----------. 234. 5 105 Earthfill._ 32, 600 3, 138, 000 2, 302, 000 5, 440, 000 North Hart- White River 211.7 176 do--...... .-- 71,100 9,665,100 1,134,900 10,800,000 land. Junction. Ludlow 4-_ Rutland-....-- . 211.8 118 --- do-- .. _. 23,900 2, 532,000 3,158, 000 5. 690, 000 North Spring- Springfield _.... 191. 3 106 ... do- ..... 50, 600 7, 876, 000 1,384,000 9, 260, 000 field 4. Brockway 4_.__ Bellows Falls..._ 182. O0 122 .__do- ..... 37, 700 4,801,000 5,899,000 10, 700, 000 Cambridge- .-.._do ........ - 180.3 101 ___do.....__ 21,600 4,078,000 1,092,000 5,170, 000 port 4. The Island-..__ Rutland-....... 189. 6 100 .--do .... _ _ 19, 400 3,352, 400 1, 017,600 4, 370, 000 Ball Mountain_ Brattleboro ... 178. 2 247 Concrete 54,600 16,229,000 371, 000 16,600, 000 arch. Townshend___ .....- do-.- ....... 168.3 130 Earthfill_, 33, 000 9, 583, 500 1, 216, 500 10, 800, 000 New Hampshire: Sugar Hill 3____ Woodsville...... 280.9 163 ___do- .... 91, 600 3, 500, 000 3, 385, 000 6, 885, 000 West Canaan 4. Franklin- _..... 233. 8 _do ..... 80 ... - 51, 000 3, 471, 000 5, 589, 000 9, 060, 000 Claremont 5_._ Claremont...... 202. 4 128 -__do- .... 78,300 8, 162, 000 4,838,000 13, 000, 000 Surry Moun- Kenne---.......... 174. 4 86 ___do__ .__. 32, 500 1, 407, 200 324,100 1, 731, 300 tain 2. Otter Brook-........do 2---......... 171. 2 130 __.do ..... 17, 500 4, 075, 000 725, 000 4, 800, 000 Honey Hill 4... ..... do----------..... 168. 9 65 ___do- ...... 26, 200 2, 662, 000 1, 398, 000 4, 060, 000 Massachusetts: Birch Hill 2.... Gardner----........ 153.3 56 -_-do-..... _ 49,900 1,091,000 3,076, 000 4, 167, 000 Tully 2 _....-.. Athol........... 148. 7 62 .. __.do ____ 22, 000 1, 180, 000 368, 000 1, 548, 000 Barre Falls-.... Worcester-...... 130. 2 62 R ockfill 24, 300 2, 647, 700 32, 300 2, 680, 000 earth. West Brook- .... do---------.......... 100.5 30 Earthfill - - 33,000 3,422,000 5,568,000 8,990,000 field 4. Knightville 2. Northampton.-. 102.8 160 ._do-..... 49,000 2, 395, 000 822,000 3, 217, 000 1 Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. 2 For details, see individual reports. 8 Alternate site to be selected. Cost has not been revised on current price basis. 4 Inactive, cost last revised in 1954. 'To be restudied, cost last revised in 1954. Local protection projects Distance Estimated cost above mouth Location of Con- Type of structure Con- Land necticut struc- and 2 Total River tion Damages Miles Northampton, Mass--.......... 94 Wall and levee-----------.............. $960, 000 $150, 000 $1,110, 000 Holyoke, Mass--.. , 85 ..... do ...................... 418, 000 3-----------,150, 000 3, 568, 000 Springdale, Mass----------------84 -. do. ..-.-------------- - 700,000 57, 000 757, 000 Chicopee, Mass-------------------80 -do__,-----------------, 738,000 250,000 1,988,000 Riverdale, Mass_-----------------80 --. do..------..-----------1,138, 000 50, 000 1,188,000 West Springfield, Mass-------- -76 do-----------------1,579,000 30, 000 1, 609, 000 Springfield, Mass----------------76 - - - - - -.. do.-.------.----- -932, 000 272, 000 1,204, 000 Hartford, Conn.'_ 1 52 __do___----------------- 6, 760, 000 911,000 7,671,000 East Hartford, Conn 52 ..... do ................... ------------- 2, 135, 500 270, 000 2,405, 500 Winsted, Conn------------------ 115 Channel improvement 172, 000 30,000 202, 000 1 Details of these projects are given in individual reports. 2 To be borne by local interests. 54 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 31. UNION VILLAGE RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The dam is located on the Ompompanoosuc River, four miles above its junction with the Connecticut River. It is 1/4 mile north of Union Village, Vt., and 11 miles north of White River Junction, Vt. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Strafford, Vt., and Mt. Cube, N. H.-Vt.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell.. It has a top length of 1,100 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a maximum height of 170 ft. The spillway is approxi- mately 350 feet from the right end of the dam and is of the chute type with a low, curved, 400-foot long, concrete weir. The approach channel and discharge chute are 1,000 and 1,130 feet long, respec- tively. The outlet works are in the right abutment and consist of a 1,236-foot long, 13-foot diameter tunnel through rock. Control of the outlet works is accomplished by two 7-foot 6-inch by 12-foot broome gates mechanically operated through a shaft from a gate- house above. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 38,000 acre-feet, which is equivalent to 5.7 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 126 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $3,098,000 for con- struction and $905,000 for lands and damages, a total of $4,003,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $19,000. Tho project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Operations consisted of continuation of reservoir clearing and grading of slopes. Costs from regular funds were $5,061. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, build- ings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $14,979. Reservoir operation: The reservoir was regulated for two minor rises on the Ompomponoosuc and Connecticut Rivers during the past year. Storage utilized from the first regulation following a storm in September 1954 was insignificant. The second, caused by rainfall and snow melt during April 1955, resulted in a rise of 64 feet in reser- voir stage. Storage utilized was 4,000 acre-feet, or 11 percent, of the total reservoir capacity. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $20,040. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam was initi- ated in March 1947 and completed in June 1950. Work remaining to be done consists of disposition of condemnation cases in connection with land acquisition and payment for relocation of telephone line. Total costs from regular funds were $4,069,537, of which $3,989,215 were for new work and $80,322 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROLr--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.....---------.. -$15, 000 $50, 000 - - $22, 000 -$3, 110 $4, 002,890 Cost------------- _ 67, 685 17, 096 $10, 924 77, 819 5,061 3, 989, 215 Maintenance: Appropriated---------... 8,200 12, 400 13,500 13, 300 15, 000 81, 400 Cost.................. 19, 242 12, 400 13, 497 13, 086 14, 979 80, 322 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------ $13, 074 32. SURRY MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location., The dam is located on the Ashuelot River, 34.6 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River and 5 miles north of Keene, N. H. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Keene and Bellows Falls, N. H.-Vt.) Emisting project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length of 1,670 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a height of 86 feet above river bed. The spillway is located at the right end of the dam and is of the open side channel type with a low concrete weir 338 feet in length. The spillway discharge channel is in rock cut and is 2,000 feet in length. The outlet works, in the right abutment, consist of a 748-foot long intake channel and a 10-foot diameter, horseshoe- shaped tunnel through rock. The tunnel is 383 feet in length and discharges into the spillway channel. Control of the outlet works is accomplished by two 4-foot 6-inch by 10-foot broome gates mechani- cally operated through a shaft from a gatehouse above. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 32,500 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6.1 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 100 square miles. The cost of new work for the completed project was $1,407,200 for constructiQn and $324,100 for lands and damages, a total of $1,731,300. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $18,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings and grounds. Total costs from regular funds were $13,538, all main- tenance funds. Reservoir operation: The reservoir was regulated to reduce flows on the Ashuelot River during two periods. In September, 2,400 acre- feet, or 7 percent of the total storage was utilized. The computed peak inflow was 1,700 c. f. s. The outlet gates were closed during 56 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the flood period. The maximum regulated outflow to empty the reservoir was 700 c. f. s. In April, 3,100 acre-feet, or 10 percent of the total storage capacity, was utilized. The computed peak inflow was 1,200 acre-feet. The outlet gates were closed during the flood period. The maximum regu- lated outflow to empty the reservoir was 820 c. f. s. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in August 1939, and completed in June 1942. Total costs for the project have been $1,946,261, of which $1,731,319 was for aew work and $214,942 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated......... -$6, 000 --...---- _ _ -$2, 681 - _..- .$1, ... ..----....-- 731, 319 Cost-----------------24, 776 $46 ---------------------------------- 1, 731, 319 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... 13, 000 17, 800 16, 000 $17, 700 $14, 000 216, 300 Cost----------------- 17, 499 16, 858 17, 072 17, 520 13, 538 214, 942 33. OTTER BROOK RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The site of the proposed Otter Brook Dam is on Otter Brook, 2.4 miles upstream from its junction with The Branch, which flows 2.5 miles to the Ashuelot River at Keene. (See U. S. Geological Survey Maps-Keene, N. H.-Vt., and Monadnock, N. H.) Existing project. The project provides for the construction of a 1,288-foot long rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 133 feet and a reservoir with a flood control storage capacity of 17,600 acre-feet. The drainage area controlled is 47 square miles. The res- ervoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs for the control of floods in the Connecticut River Basin. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $4,000,000 for construc- tion and $800,000 for lands and damages, including highway reloca- tion, a total of $4,800,000 for new work. The latest (1955) estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $20,000. The exist- ing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved Sep- tember 3, 1954, Public Law 780, 83d Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of engineering studies and preparation of design memoranda. Design memoranda for Hydrology and Hydraulic Analysis, Real Estate, Ge- ology and Soils, General Design, and Embankment Design were sub- mitted for review and approval. Costs from regular funds were $99,327. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and design was approximately 38 percent complete. No construction work has been initiated. Work remaining to be done prior to initiation of FLOOD CONTROI---NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 57 construction is completion of design memoranda and specifications. Total costs from regular funds have been $99,327. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $100, 000 $100, 000 ..........---------- ast.........---------------------------------------------- 99, 327 99, 327 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- - $83 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- 160, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------- ---------------- 160, 083 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project______----------------------- 4, 540, 000 34. BIRCH HILL RESERV\:OIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER, BASIN, MASS. Location. The dam is located on the Millers River, 27.3 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River. It is 1.3 miles east of South Royalston, Mass., and 71/2 miles northwest of the city of Gardner, Mass. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Royalston and Winchendon, Mass.-N. H., and Templeton, Mass.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,400 feet, a top width of 25 feet, and a height of 56 feet above river bed. The spillway consists of three concrete weirs located in two natural saddles and an aban- doned railroad cut northwest of the dam. The main weirs have a crest length of 720 feet and 350 feet, respectively, and the weir in the railroad cut has a crest length of 23 feet. The outlet works are lo- cated on rock at the right end of the dam and consist of an intake channel 1,500 feet in length, a gate structure with a gatehouse directly above, and an outlet channel 1,150 feet in length. Control of the out- let works is accomplished by four 6-foot by 12-foot roller gates mechan- ically operated from the gatehouse above. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 49,900 acre- feet which is equivalent to 5.3 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 175 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $1,091,000 for construc- tion and $3,076,000 for lands and damages, a total of $4,167,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $16,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Operations consisted of award of contract and initiation of construction for safety features. Costs from regular funds were $54. 58 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment, and general maintenance of roads, build- ings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $13,415. Reservoir operation: There was only one significant period of reg- ulation at Birch Hill during the year. During a minor rise on the Millers River in September, 3,000 acre-feet of storage, or 6 percent of the total capacity, was utilized. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $13,469. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and ap- purtenant works was initiated in June 1940, and completed in Feb- ruary 1942. Work remaining to be done consists of completion of construction of safety features. Total costs for the project have been $4,374,948, of which $4,161,632 was for new work and $213,316 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ... . 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated --------....... -$18, 000 ------------ $14, 000-------------$70,122 $4, 166,828 Cost_____-___ -- -__ 7,932 $446 4, 223 $16, 142 54 4, 161, 632 Maintenance: Appropriated...---------.... 9, 000 13, 900 13,800 15,500 14,000 213,901 Cost __-.... ------- - 18, 204 13,612 12, 601 16, 947 13, 415 213, 316 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------ --------------------------- $1,739 35. TULLY RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The dam is located on the Tully River, 3.9 miles above its junction with the Millers River. It is 1 mile north of Fryville, Mass., and 31/2 miles north of Athol, Mass. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Royalston, Mass.-N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,570 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a height of 62 feet above river bed. The spillway is con- structed on rock in a saddle located about 800 feet from the left end of the dam and is a low, concrete weir, 255 feet in length. The spillway approach channel is 600 feet in length and the discharge channel is of the chute type with a length of 1,775 feet. The outlet works, in the left abutment, consist of a 6-foot diameter tunnel through rock. The tunnel is 274 feet in length and is controlled by two 3-foot 6-inch by 6-foot slide gates mechanically operated through a shaft from a gatehouse above. The outlet works intake and outlet channels are 500 and 580 feet long, respectively. The project was constructed with provisions for future raising for the inclusion of power at the site. The reservoir is now operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 22,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 8.3 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 50 square miles. The cost of the completed project was $1,180,000 for construction and $368,000 for lands and damages, a total of $1,548,000. The latest FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 59 (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and mainte- nance is $15,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28,1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Final pay- ments were made in connection with land acquisition. Costs from regular funds were $8,236. Maintenance: Operations consisted of a periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $11,697. Reservoir operation: Tully Reservoir was regulated in September for a minor rise on the Connecticut River. The storage utilized during this period was negligible. In April during the spring snow melt, 1,000 acre-feet of storage was utilized. Total costs for the fiscal year from regular funds were $19,933. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Construc- tion of the dam was-initiated in March 1947, and completed in Sep- tember 1949. Total costs for the project have been $1,625,446, of which $1,547,918 was for new work and $77,528 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prioi to 1951 New work: Appropriated--...-----._ -$22. 000 ._...--------------- - -$83 -$14, 999 $1, 547, 918 Cost . .........----------------- 5,931 $2,625 $1, 020 991 8, 236 1, 547, 918 Maintenance: Appropriated---------....... 10, 000 12, 600 13, 800 14, 000 13, 000 79, 400 Cost------------------ 12, 585 12, 508 12,131 15, 674 11, 697 77, 528 36. KNIGHTVILLE RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The dam is located on the Westfield River, 27.5 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River. It is 4 miles north of the town of Huntington, Mass., and approximately 12 miles west of the city of Northampton, Mass. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Westhampton, Mass.) Existing project. The dam is of the hydraulic earthfill type with a dumped rock shell and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length of 1,200 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a height of 160 feet above river bed. The spillway is a curved, concrete weir, 410 feet long, located on rock in a saddle at the right end of the dam. The outlet works are in the right abutment and consist of an intake channel 280 feet in length and a 16-foot diameter tunnel through rock. The tun- nel is 605 feet long and is controlled by three 3-foot 6-inch by 12-foot broome gates mechanically operated through a control tower from a 60 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 gatehouse above. Provision has been made for future installation of a penstock for the development of power at the site in accordance with a request by the Federal Power Commission. The reservoir is now operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 49,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 5.6 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 164 square miles. The cost of the completed project was $2,395,200 (1955) for construc- tion and $821,300 for lands and damages, a total of $3216,500. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $18,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, Cong., 2d sess.) 75th Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year. New work: Final pay- ments were made in connection with land acquisition. Costs from regular funds were $18,902. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment, and general maintenance of roads, build- ings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $9,834. Reservoir operation: The reservoir was regulated to reduce flows on the Westfield River during six flood periods. The following is a summary of regulation for the year. Computed Minimum Maximum Date peak in- regulated regulated torage Percent flow, c. f. s. outflow. outflow utilized total c. f. s. c. f. s. acre-feet capacity September-- ------------------------- 8, 000 0 3, 000 8, 600 18 November------------------------------- 5, 600 0 3, 300 7,400 15 November 4, 000 0 3, 100 4, 000 8 December---------- ----------------- --- 3, 500 0 2, 100 3, 200 7 March _---------------------- ---- ----- 3, 800 550 2, 100 3, 000 6 April------------------------ -----. --- 4, 700 150 3, 100 6, 500 13 Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $28,736. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Construc- tion of the dam was initiated in August 1939 and completed in De- cember 1941. Total costs for the project have been $3,420,406, of which $3,216,337 was for new work and $204,069 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated _ $12, 000 --- ___ __ ......... -.. -- - $9, 500 $3, 216, 500 Cost__ 24,112 $1,365 $7,069 $7,613 18, 902 3,216,337 Maintenance: Appropriated_ .. 2, 500 16, 300 16, 000 18, 700 17, 000 211, 750 Cost.. _ _ 16, 916 16, 901 15, 113 19, 855 9, 834 204, 069 FLOOD CONTRO---NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 61 37. HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, CONN. Location. Hartford, Conn., is located in Hartford County on the west bank of the Connecticut River, 52 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees and floodwalls approximately 38,000 feet long, along the Connecticut River from high ground immediately north of town to high ground immediately south of town, with the Park River, which discharges into the Connecticut River at about the center of town, confined between concrete walls discharging through a short conduit section through the Connecticut River dike, including pumping stations for the disposal of interior drainage. The improvements as planned involved the construction of approxi- mately 4,000 linear feet of concrete floodwall, 22,000 feet of earth dike, and an enlargement of 12,000 feet of existing dike along the Connecticut River, the construction of 5,600 linear feet of concrete conduit on the Park River, construction of 2,400 feet of conduit on Gully Brook, construction of 1,900 feet of conduit on Folly Brook, construction of 5 stop-log structures, 3 pumping stations, and other appurtenant drainage structures and facilities. The project grade for levees and walls was designed to protect against a flood greater than any of record, as modified by an approved plan of reservoirs for flood control in the Connecticut River Basin. The grades at all points were above the maximum stage of the record flood, that of March 1936. At the request of the city of Hartford, the wall and dike grades were increased 5 to 6 feet, the crown width for levees increased from 10 to 15 feet, a conduit provided for the Park River in lieu of the open channel improvement; special equipment provided for the Keney Lane and Bushnell Park pumping stations, and a superstructure of special architectural treatment provided for the Bushnell Park pump- ing station. Additional expense of approximately $2,528,000 in- volved in these changes was borne by the city of Hartford. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.), and modified by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 653, 76th Cong., 3d sess.), the act of October 26, 1942 (Public Law 759, 77th Cong., 2d sess.), and the act of 1950 (Public Law 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $6,760,000 for construc- tion and $911,000 for lands and damages, exclusive of the cost of the additional work desired by the city. In addition to the authorized existing project, supplementary work with relief labor has been undertaken at a cost of $388,222, pursuant to the provisions of the Emergency Relief Act, Approved June 21, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. In addition, $2,771,630 has been contributed by the city to cover the increased cost of con- structing the dikes to a higher grade, constructing a conduit instead of walls for the Park River, including special features in the Keney Lane and Bushnell Park pumping stations, and for a portion of the cost of constructing Folly Brook conduit. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of engineering studies and preparation of plans and specifications for construction of the Folly Brook Dike and Conduit. Costs from regu- lar funds for new work were $25,000. 162 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the authorized project was initiated in December 1938, and is substantially com- pleted. Work remaining to be done consists of the construction of Folly Brook conduit and construction to final grade of a stop-log structure and a short section of earth dike. Plans and specifications for this modification are substantially complete. The costs have been $835,000 from Public Works Administration funds, $5,662,090 from regular funds, and $2,527,614 from contributed funds, a total of $9,024,704 for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, Includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ---------..............--------------------.... $6, 910 ------------ $25, 000 $6, 497, 090 Cost----------------- $8, 094 ------- $14, 868 25, 000 16, 482, 222 ' Includes $835,000 Public Works Administration funds. ,Other new work data : Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $14, 868 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --... 263, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------- 277, 868 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30; 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1956 priorto 1951 -New work: Appropriated .---------- ------------------------------------ Cost --------------------------------------------- $14,868 ------------ $6,00 $2,771,630 2,548, 482 (Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 955 .------------------------------------------------- $223,148 FLOOD CONTROIr--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 63 38. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Costs to June 30, 1955 Estimated full report, amount amount Name of project see of projAnnual Name Construc- Operation reuired Report t and to for- ion maintenance complete 1 1. Andover Reservoir, Conn..--........... Andover Reservoir, Conn. (inactive)_--- ___--- - _------ .. . . 11 n- n--$4___. $4...___ $4, 900, 000 2. Ball Mountain Reservoir, Vt__--- __--- ___ 1954 $472, 000 --------- - -16, 128, 000 3. Barre Falls Reservoir, Mass--___ __-__-___ 1953 217, 000 -- 2, 463, 000 4. Beards Brook Reservoir, N. H- ----__ 1949 78, 000 .. Beards Brook Reservoir, N. H. (inactive)-......... ____-............_ - _-.....- 117, 152, 000 5. Bennington Reservoir, N. H---------------- 1949 205, 000 _ Bennington Reservoir, N. H. (deferred)_.----------------------_____--___ - -___... s 12,160, 000 6. Brockway Reservoir, Vt ...__............---.. 1946 Brockway Reservoir, Vt. (inactive) ___ _ ..------------........ . 1110, 700, 000 7. Cambridgeport Reservoir, Vt ...... ----....... ____ _ __. . . . . . . . Cambridgeport Reservoir, Vt. (inactive) --- _.---- - ------------------- - 115, 170, 000 8. Chicopee, Mass--..--------------------------- 1954 12131, 433, 600 Chicopee, Mass. (inactive)- _--------u--- - 304, 000 u------------------------------- [9. Claremont RBservoir, N. H .....--------------- 1949 207, 000 .. Claremont Reservoir, N. H. (deferred)_- .. _ _____ --------------------- -2 12, 775, 000 10. Clyde, R. I----------------------------- 1948 8, 800 -------------- 14 15 601, 000 11. East Brimfield Reservoir, Mass . __---.......... 1951 70, 000 ........................ East Brimfield Reservoir, Mass. (inactive)____- ...............__- - - ___.11 5, 250, 000 12. East Hartford, Conn---_.. ----- 1951 a 2, 135, 000 ..- --- -(4) 13. Gaysville Reservoir, Vt-------------------------------------- -------------- 18, 100, 000 14, Hodges Village Reservoir, Mass ... . __ . . . . _._.-.-. . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- _. . . . . . . . . . . . .-, ,-. . . .. _. . . . . . . . . Hodges Village Reservoir, Mass. (inactive)____------ -------------------- ____ _113,040,000 ..-. 15. Holyoke, Mass------- __ _-___ -___ 1953 3, 418, 000 ------ ____- (4) 16. Honey Hill Reservoir, N. H_---- ______ 1949 92,000 ................. Honey Hill Reservoir, N. H. (inactive) __ __ -- -----__ _ ---------. 113, 968, 000 17. Hopkinton-Everett Reservoir, N. H--......... 1941 67,(000- - - (18) 18. Lowell, Mass.-.--- 1945 490, 600 .- ---- -(4) 19. Ludlow Reservoir, Vt............. Ludlow esevoi, Vt. Ludow Reservoir, ......... V. (naciv------------------ (inactive)_..___ _ _______ . ------------ .. _ _11 -------------- 11,60,0 5, 690, 000 20. Mountain Brook Reservoir, N. H.__- __....... 1949 ,-, 57, 000 -------- _ - (17) 21. Nashua, N. H------- ------------------- 1950 500 ..------------ 5270, (4) 22. North Andover and Lawrence, Mass---------______ 1949 20,000 .. North Andover and Lawrence, Mass. (in- active) --------------------------------------------------------------------- 111,660,000 23. North Hartland Reservoir, Vt-- ::::-:: ;1951 29,000 10, 771, 000 24. North Springfield Reservoir, Vt -------------- 1949 9, 000 .. North Springfield Reservoir, Vt. (inactive)____ -____ ______ .------------- _ 11 9, 251, 000 25. Northampton, Mass.------------------------ 1950 960, 000 ..------------ (4) 26. Norwalk, Conn------------------...... 1952 52, 000 .------------. (4) (s) 27. Norwich Channel Improvement, Conn ..... 1953 643, 000 ----- -657, 000 28. Pawtucket, R. I .nactiv--------------------1949 Pawtucket, R. I. (inactive) 11202, 000 29. Pontiac Diversion, R. I ____________ 1948 24, 200 ........... 1 5, 245,800 30. Riverdale, Mass__ 1952 7 1,138,000 ..........-------------- () 31. South Coventry Reservoir, Conn . - -..... . 1951 96, 000 .. .... . South Coventry Reservoir, Conn. (inactive)__ __----- --. ......----- 11 10,004,000 32. South Tunbridge, Vt. . ----------------------- ---------- South Tunbridge, Vt. (inactive) _.___ ___.___ ...- ___ ._ __ -. ___ _ ____________ ----- _ _-__n------11 -- 5,440,000 33. Springdale, Mass----. -------------- 1952 700, 000 .....-....... -(4) 34. Springfield, Mass.______________----......... ... ...... 1950 8 932, 000-- (4) 35. Sugar Hill Reservoir, N. H.1....._________________ 1946 36. The Island Reservoir, Vt ......... .- -- 4, 370, 000 37. Thomaston Reservoir, Conn ....----------------1952 25, 000 - ____- -_----..______ Thomaston Reservoir, Conn. (inactive)____ .______............ ----------------------------........... 11 14, 975, 000 38. Townshend Reservoir, Vt------------ ------ 1951 71,000 ------------ - 10, 729, 000 39. Victory Reservoir, Vt__-.--__---------- __ --- 1954 103, 000 ___-_____-.__ 3, 797, 000 40. West Brookfield Reservoir, Mass-___-------_ 1948 67, 000 ..------------ West Brookfield Reservoir, Mass. (inactive)__- ___----_-- ...-...- _ ........... 8, 923, 000 41. West Canaan Reservoir, N. H_________ ___ 1948 92, 000 .__________ West Canaan Reservoir, N. H. (inactive).-------------... - -----...-----..... 8,968,000 42. West Hill Reservoir, Mass- .. - .________- 1951 83, 000 ------ __-- ---..----- West Hill Reservoir, Mass. (inactive)-.--...... .....---------------------------- 112,647, 000 See footnotes at end of table. 363037-55-vol. 2 -5 64 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 For last Costs to June 30, 1955 Estimated full report, amount Name of project Annsee ualOperation required Report and I for- tion maintenance complete 43. West Springfield, Mass ......--------------------- M--------- 1954 $1, 334, 000 - ----(4) 44. Westville Reservoir, Mass_----------_ . 1949 79, 000 Westville Reservoir, Mass. (inactive) ---- ___--------- -------------------------- 11$5, 811, 000 45. Williamsville Reservoir, Vt----------------- 1949 146, 500-------------- (18) 46. Winsted, Conn ----------------------------- .... 1954 10247, 000 --------------- (4) 47. Worcester Diversion, Mass_-------_ .-- 1951 70, 000 Worcester Diversion, Mass. (inactive)----- _ _--------------------- -------------- 114, 120, 000 1 1955 estimate except as otherwise noted. 2 To be restudied. 1954 cost estimate. 3 In addition, $7,637 was expended from contributed funds. 4 Completed. 5 In addition, $327 was expended from contributed funds. 8 Flood control work under authority of Sec. 205, Public Law 858, 80th Cong., 2d sess. 7 In addition $25,000 was expended from contributed funds. 8 In addition $5,350 was expended from contributed funds. 9In addition $245,000 was expended from Public Works funds. 10A portion of the costs indicated for this project is reimbursable from the bonding company due to de- fault of contractor. 11Inactive. 1954 cost estimate. 12In addition $385 was expended from contributed funds. 13Includes $295,000 from Public Works Administration funds. 141949 cost estimate. 15Authorization expired due to failure of local interests to furnish assurances within the 5-year period. 16Bennington and Beards Brook have been substituted. 17A dam has been constructed at the site by private interests. 18Inactive. The Island, Townshend, and Ball Mountain Reservoirs have been substituted, 18Alternate site to be selected. 39. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS In accordance with provision of the Flood Control Act of 1936, as amended, local flood protection works constructed with Federal funds are transferred to local interests to operate and maintain. To insure compliance with regulations prescribed for their operation and maintenance, regular and periodic inspections of the following proj- ects were made during the fiscal year: Northampton, Mass. Springfield, Mass. Holyoke, Mass. Hartford, Conn. Springdale, Mass. East Hartford, Conn. Riverdale, Mass. Winsted, Conn. Chicopee, Mass. Nashua, N. H. West Springfield., Mass. Lowell, Mass. Portions of dikes and floodwalls at West Springfield were altered and rebuilt by local interests due to the construction of a new highway and powerplant along the river bank. At Chicopee, alterations to the dike were made to accommodate the bridge approach on the new Massa- chusetts Turnpike where it crosses the Connecticut River. Inspection of this work to assure construction in accordance with Corps of Engi- neers' standards was paid for by the Commonwealth of Massachu- setts and the Turnpike Authority. At East Hartford construction was initiated by the State of Con- necticut on a new bridge across the Connecticut River to Hartford, which will necessitate raising a portion of the East Hartford dike. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 65 40. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Pursuant to this authority funds were made available in fiscal year 1954 for removal of accumulated snags and debris and clearing and straightening the channel of the Ashuelot River at Keene, New Hampshire. Contract, awarded in 1954, was completed in fiscal year 1955. Costs during this fiscal year amounted to $29,739. Total cost of the completed work was $44,146. Small Flood Control Projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Pursuant to this authority funds were allotted for preliminary de- sign of a flood control project at Cocheco River, New Hampshire. Costs,for the fiscal year were $3,497. 41. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Costs and expenditures for examinations and surveys during the fiscal year amounted to $20,126 for navigation studies, $7,200 for beach erosion cooperative studies and $409,839 for special studies (New England-New York Resources Survey). The unexpended balance of $306 at the end of the fiscal year will be applied to pay- ment of outstanding costs and continuation of beach erosion studies. $84,800 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1956 for navigation, beach erosion and flood control studies. In addition $750,000 can be profitably expended for hurricane studies authorized by Public Law 71, 84th Congress. 42. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Costs and expenditures for collection and study of basic data dur- ing the fiscal year amounted to $462 for miscellaneous flood investiga- tion and emergency studies. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT This district comprises western Vermont, small portions of western Massachusetts, Connecticut, north-central Pennsylvania, and eastern and south-central New York, including Long Island, and north- eastern New Jersey, embraced in the drainage basins tributary to Lake Champlain and the St. Lawrence River system east thereof and to the Atlantic Ocean from New York-Connecticut State line to but not including Manasquan Inlet, N. J., and the Susquehanna River basin above mile 282 south of the Pennsylvania-New York State line to its source. It exercises, jurisdiction, however, over all matters pertaining to the improvement of the Great Lakes to Hudson River waterway. Under the direction of the Secretary of the Army, the district engineer, as Supervisor of New York Harbor, also exercises jurisdiction under the laws enacted for the preservation of the tidal waters of New York Harbor its adjacent or tributary waters, and the waters of Long Island Sound. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Westchester Creek, N. Y .. 68 21. Shrewsbury River, N. J_. -- 108 2. Northport Harbor, N. Y ... 69 22. Supervision of New York 3. Mattituck Harbor, N. Y--- 70 Harbor.. 111 4. Lake Montauk Harbor, N. Y. 72 23. Other authorized navigation 5. Long Island Intracoastal projects _ 113 Waterway, N. Y _---- 74 6. Fire Island Inlet, N. Y_ Flood Control 7. Great South Bay, N. Y__ 8. Jones Inlet, N. Y ________--77 24. Hoosick Falls, Hoosic River 9. East Rockaway (Debs) In- Basin, N. Y _- 115 let, N. Y--------------- 80 25. North Adams, Hoosic River 10. Bay Ridge and Red Hook Basin, Mass-_- 115 Channels, N. Y---------- 81 26. Adams, Hoosic River Basin, 11. Buttermilk Channel, N. Y.__ 83 Mass - 118 12. Hudson River Channel, N. Y_ 85 27. Southern New York flood 13. Hudson River, N. Y .___-- 87 control project --------- 120 14. Great Lakes to Hudson River 28. Other authorized flood con- Waterway, N. Y .. ___-- 92 trol projects_----------- 134 15. Narrows of Lake Champlain, 29. Inspection of completed flood N. Y.-Vt --------------- 95 control works- 134 16. New York Harbor, N. Y _ .- 96 30. Flood control works under 17. New York Harbor, Collec- special authorization .... 135 tion and Removal of Drift_ 99 18. New York and New Jersey General Investigations Channels _ _ _ __ __ _ 100 19. -- Raritan River, N. J-___ 105 31. Examinations and surveys _ 137 20. Raritan River to Arthur Kill 32. Collection and study of basic Cutoff Channel, N. J -- 107 data---------------- 137 67 68 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1. WESTCHESTER CREEK, N. Y. Location. This creek is a tidal stream flowing into the East River from the north at a point 14 miles by water northeast of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 223.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 238 of Annual Report for 1921, and page 164 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 100 feet wide for a length of 2,000 feet through the estu- ary; thence 80 feet wide for 3,000 feet; and thence 60 feet wide to the head of navigation at East Tremont Avenue (Fort Schuyler Road), a distance of 8,800 feet, with widening at bends, and with 3 turning basins, one near the upper end of the channel, another about 500 feet downstream from the head of navigation and a third near the Eastern Boulevard (Unionport) Bridge. The total length of the project is about 2.6 miles. Mean tidal range, 7 feet, mean range of spring tides, 8.4 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and baro- metric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 8.4 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $136,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $18,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 22, 1922 Channel 12 feet deep and two turning basins--...-. Rivers and Harbors Committee, Doc. 8, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3,1954 Turning basin 250 x 250 feet in extent, 12 feet deep__,_ H. Doc. 92, 82d Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. Requirements of the River and Harbor Act of September 22, 1922, have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests agree to: (a) Furnish without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement and furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for in- itial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to con- struction and maintenance of the improvement, and (c) provide and maintain without cost to the United States a suitable bulkhead or other works approved by the Chief of Engineers for retaining the east bank of the turning basin alongside the Hutchinson River Parkway; and provided further that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will construct a public wharf when in his opinion such a public wharf is required. Local interests have indicated that the remaining conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. There are 11 terminals with a total available berthage of 2,398 feet located along the waterway. Six of the termi- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 69 nals are equipped with mechanical handling devices. All terminals are privately owned. Two boatyards with storage space for 70 boats and equipped with marine railways are available for pleasure craft. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $764 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced March 1932 and is about 82 percent complete. The upper 0.5 mile of the channel was relocated by the City of New York in 1941. When examined in April 1955, the controlling mean low water depth was 10 feet for a width varying from 100 to 20 feet from the East River to Unionport Bridge, thence 8 feet for a width vary- ing from 60 to 20 feet to within 200 feet of the upstream limit of the project, thence generally 6 feet to the head of navigation. The head of navigation is at East Tremont Avenue, Bronx about 2.6 miles above the mouth. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of dredging to 12 feet below mean low water a turning basin 250 by 250 feet in extent to be located 500 feet downstream from the head of navigation. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $434,696 of which $175,849 was for new work and $258,847 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 New work: Appropriated------------------------------------------------------.............. $175, 849 Cost---------------- ------------------------------------ -------------- 175, 849 Maintenance: Appropriated.---------......... ------------ $713 $700------------..$64 258, 847 Cost-----------------........... ------------ 713 --- 764 258, 847 1 Includes $77,182 for new work and $66,600 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------- $34, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- ------------------------------- 34, 000 2. NORTHPORT HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This is an arm of Northport Bay on the north shore of Long Island. It is 44 miles by water northeast of the Battery, New York City, and 11 miles by water southeast of Stamford Har- bor, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide from that depth in the harbor to a point 100 feet south of the Northport Yacht Club, and an anchorage basin 6 feet deep and 15 acres in area adjacent to the channel. The length of the section included in the project is about 0.4 mile. Mean tidal range, 7.2 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8.5 feet; irregular fluctua- tions due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water to 3.8 feet above mean high water. 70 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $65,000, ex- clusive of $15,000 to be contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance revised in 1950 is $4,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 109, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map see project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall: (a) Contribute one-half the initial cost of the work but not to exceed $15,000. (b) Furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required. (c) Hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the execution and maintenance of the improvement. The village of Northport was notified of the conditions of local cooperation in a letter dated January 18, 1946. In letter dated Jan- uary 28, 1946, the village clerk, village of Northport, gave assurance that a suitable spoil-disposal area would be furnished by the village of Northport. In a letter dated February 25, 1946, the town clerk, town of Huntington, gave assurance that the town of Huntington would comply with all other conditions of cooperation. Terminal facilities. Water terminals, 4 in number, with available berthage of 775 feet, are located on the east side of the harbor. One terminal, municipally owned, is open to the public. The facilities are considered adequate for existing and reasonable prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Conditions at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on this project and there have been no costs or expenditures. When ex- amined in June 1938 the mean low-water depths in the area included in the existing project were as follows: Anchorage, 5 feet; channel, 8 feet, diminishing to 4 feet at the end of the project. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---.1 $60, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------- -------------------- 1 60, 000 1In addition $15,000 to be contributed by local interests. 3. MATTITUCK HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This is a tidal inlet on the north shore of Long Island, 85 miles east of the Battery, New York City, and 24 miles southeast of New Haven Harbor, Conn., extending southward about 21/4 miles to the village of Mattituck. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 363). Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water from Long Island Sound to the bridge at Waterville, pro- tected at the entrance by two parallel jetties 400 feet apart, thence 7 feet deep at mean high water to the village of Mattituck, the widths being 100 feet at the entrance and 80 feet elsewhere. Total length of the channel is about 2.2 miles. Mean tidal range at entrance 4.9 feet; RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 71 at Old Mill Bridge, Waterville, 5.1 feet; mean range of spring tides at entrance, 5.8 feet; at Old Mill Bridge, 6 feet; irregular fluctu- ations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 2.2 feet below mean low water up to 6.6 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project, including the cost of maintenance up to June 30, 1909, was $133,344. The latest (1954) approved estimated cost of annual maintenance is $12,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 The 7-foot channel, and 2 riprap jetties ..------------ Annual Report, 1891, p. 843. Aug. 30, 1935 250-foot extension to west jetty----H-------------- H Doc. 8, 71st Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A bulkhead and pier approximately 100 feet in length are situated at the entrance to the harbor. There is a timber bulkhead at Waterville, with available wharfage of 710 feet. At the head of the project there is a crib pier, in poor condition, with 50 feet of available wharfage. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 9 feet in the channel entrance, no dredging work was performed during the fiscal year. The costs of engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys were $1,696 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced September 1900 and substantially completed Au- gust 1938. The dredging was completed in 1914. The east jetty was completed in 1906 for a length of 775 feet. The west jetty was completed in 1938. When examined in May 1950, and April 1955, the controlling mean low water depth was 6 feet for a width of 80 to 100 feet from Long Island Sound to 900 feet upstream from south end of west jetty thence 7 feet for a width varying from 80 to 40 feet to Old Mill drawbridge, thence 4 feet for a width varying from 80 to 30 feet to Long Creek, thence the depths decrease to zero at the village of Mattituck. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $348,721- $133,344 for new work and $215,377 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 . 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated........ ------------ ------------ ------------------------ ------------ $133, 344 Cost------------------- ------------------------------------------------ 133, 344 Maintenance: Appropriated .... $14, 885 ------------- $300 -$15 $32, 850 246, 531 Cost-_--------- _ -- 14, 885- --.--.--.----.-.----- 285 1, 696 215, 377 72 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 4. LAKE MONTAUK HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the east end of Long Island, about 3 miles by land west of Montauk Point and 125 miles by water east of New York City. It is landlocked on the east, south, and west sides and is connected on the north with Block Island Sound by an artificial inlet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 362.) E'xisting project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide extending from the 12-foot contour in Block Island Sound to the same depth in the existing yacht basin east of Star Island; for a boat basin 10 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 900 feet long, located northwest of Star Island; and for the repair and extension shoreward of the east and west jetties. The length of section included in the project is 0.7 mile. Mean tidal range, 1.9 feet; mean range of spring tides, 2.2 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 2 feet below mean low water up to 7 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $482,000, exclusive of $82,738 from the Navy Department funds. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, made in 1954, is $28,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 369, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map, see project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall: a. Furnish, free of cost to the United States, spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages that may occur from the construction and maintenance of the improvements. c. Convey to the United States, free of cost, all necessary rights- of-way and structures, including such absolute and indefeasible ease- ment in the body of water known as Lake Montauk Harbor and in the shores and bed thereof as may be necessary to insure its permanent dedication to the use and purpose of a public navigable waterway. d. Give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will construct and maintain for free public use suitable roadways to permit access to the boat basin and inner harbor. e. Give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will construct and maintain a suitable public landing open to all on equal and reasonable terms. And provided further that no work be done by the United States until the rights-of-way, structures, and easement specified in c above have been conveyed to the United States; and title to rights-of-way required for roadways and landing facilities specified in d and e above, has been vested in the county of Suffolk or the town of East Hampton, in the State of New York. Under date of December 8, 1942, the Chief of Engineers approved the in- struments complying with condition c above, and partially comply- ing with items a and b. Work undertaken in Lake Montauk Harbor in 1942 was not then a part of an authorized river and harbor project RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 73 but was performed for the Navy Department. The conditions of local cooperation required under the project were not considered wholly applicable. The supervisor, town of East Hampton, was notified of the con- ditions of local cooperation in letter dated January 24, 1946. Local interests have indicated that the remaining conditions will be met within the near future. Terminal facilities. Water terminals, 20 in number, of which 3 are not presently usable and 1 is under construction, with a total avail- able berthage of 4,089 feet, are located on the east side of Star Island, the lake area south of the island, at the inner end of entrance channel. None of the terminals has rail connections or is equipped with freight handling devices. Nineteen of the terminals are privately owned, and one is publicly owned. Upon completion of a public landing to be constructed in accordance with the requirements of local cooperation, the terminals will be adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to restore project depth of 12 feet, no dredging work was performed during the fiscal year. The costs of engineering prelim- inary to dredging and predredging surveys were $2,859 for main- tenance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was 31 percent completed. Dredging of the entrance channel and shoreward extension of the west jetty were performed from August 1942 to January 1943, at the request of the Navy Department with Navy funds. When examined in April 1955, the controlling depth at mean low water was 10 feet for a width varying from 70 to 150 feet from a point in Block Island Sound about 300 feet north of the west jetty to the upstream limit in Yacht Basin east of Star Island. The boat basin examined in October 1953, was found to have a depth of from 10 to ± 1.3 feet for a width of 400 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging a boat basin northwest of Star Island; repair of existing east and west jetties and shoreward extension of the east jetty. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $143,206-$82,738, Navy funds for new work, and $60,468, regular funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ................------------..------------..... ...------------.. .... ------------ ......------------ (1) Cost------------------------------------------------------------------(1) Maintenance: Appropriated......... $413 $328 $400 ........------------ $41, 500 $99, 109 Cost --------------- 413 328 ------------ $400 2, 859 60, 468 1 Cost of $82,738 were applied against Navy funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- priated for completion of existing project- --- ------------ $482, 000 74 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, IT. S.. ARMY, 1955 5. LONG ISLAND INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, N. Y. Location. This waterway extends from East Rockaway Inlet, on the south side of Long Island, to Great Peconic Bay at the east- ern end of Long Island. The section included under this project extends from Great South Bay opposite Patchogue to the south end of Shinnecock Canal. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 578.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep at mean low water from the federally improved channel in Great South Bay, opposite Patchogue to the south end of Shinnecock Canal. The length of the section included in the project is 34 miles. The mean tidal range varies from 1.0 foot in Shinnecock Bay to 0.7 foot in Patchogue Bay; mean range of spring tides varies from 1.2 feet to 0.8 foot; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 1.8 feet below mean low water to 12.0 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $235,964. The latest (1954) approved estimated cost of annual maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 181, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are required to furnish suitable spoil disposal areas for subsequent maintenance as required. Terminal facilities. There are 17 boat repair and storage yards within the area immediately adjacent to the Federal improvement. There is ample room for expansion and development of terminals when future commerce warrants. Operations and results during fiscal year.' Under a contract for dredging to restore project depth of 6 feet in the vicinity of Moriches Inlet, no dredging work was performed during the fiscal year. The costs of engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys were $1,838 for maintenance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced October 1939 and completed September 1940. When examined in October 1953, and April 1955, the controlling mean low water depth in the channel was 4 feet for a width of 100 feet except in the vicinity of Moriches Inlet, where the depth was 1.5 feet with a 3.5-foot depth available via a circuitous route. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $329,926 of which $235,964 was for new work and $93,962 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: - . --- Appropriated- ......... ---- ---------- - - - - . ....... ------........ $235, 964 ------------- ..------------- ---------- Cost-............----............------------.. 235, 964 Maintenance: Appropriated......... . .------------------ - $1, 000 - $49 $52, 000 144, 124 Cost_ ----------------- 951 1, 838 93, 962 RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 75 6. FIRE ISLAND INLET, N. Y. Location. Fire Island Inlet is situated on the south shore of Long Island, about 50 miles by water south and east of the Battery, New York City. It is the main entrance into Great South Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 578.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a jetty extending generally southwest and south for a length of 5,000 feet from high ground on Democrat Point at the west end of Fire Is- land, and a channel 10 feet deep and 250 feet wide from deep water in the ocean to deep water within the inlet. Mean tidal range at ocean and inlet ends of Democrat Point are 4.1 and 2.6 feet, re- spectively. Irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pres- sure vary from 2.5 feet below mean low water up to 2.6 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $594,355, exclusive of $90,190 contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1954, is $92,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Construction of jetty______... __.................... ... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 33, 75th Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 Chamnnel 10 feet deep_ .___---H__---------H---------- - I. Doc. 762, 80th Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests shall: a. Furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from any damages re- sulting from the improvement. These conditions have not been fulfilled. The requirements under the act of August 26, 1937, have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities.. No terminals are within the area immediately adjacent to the Federal improvement. There are 42 commercial and pleasure boating terminals with a total berthage of 15,935 feet located at Patchogue, Sayville, West Sayville Islip, and Bay Shore. In addition, 49 boat repair and storage yards are located along the shores of Great South Bay and adjacent creeks. The facilities are ample for present and probable future needs. There is room for expansion should future commerce warrant. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Hyde was employed from September 21, 1954, to October 4, 1954, in restoring the channel to project depth of 10 feet. During the fiscal year 42,800 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $31,477 including $2,128 for engi- neering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys for maintenance. 76 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced June 1939. The jetty was completed in 1941 and in view of the fact that a survey made in November 1953, revealed the existence of a channel with dimensions substantially the same as those authorized, work under the existing project was considered complete as of November 1953. When last examined in April 1955, the controlling mean low water depth was 10 feet for a width of 250 feet from deep water in the ocean to deep water within the inlet. The jetty has surpassed its capacity as a sand entrapping agent and when examined in October 1953, was found to be in fair condition. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $'721,564--$594,355 United States funds and $90,190 contributed funds-a total of $684,545 for new work and $37,019 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June -30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: ------------------------------------ ------------ Appropriated----.....---------.... $594, 355 Cost_-------- -------------------------------------------------------- 594. 355 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $151 ..------------ $2, 000 $1, 983 $31, 000 37, 212 Cost..........-----------------...... 151 ------------.. 1,383 1, 931 31, 477 37, 019 I In addition $90,190 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 7. GREAT SOUTH BAY, N. Y. Location. This is a lagoon inside the south shore of Long Island, N. Y., about 26 miles long and 2 to 6 miles wide. The principal entrance, through Fire Island Inlet, is about 50 miles by water south and east of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 578.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of Sep- tember 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1773, Annual Report for 1915, and page 182, AnnualReport for 1938., Existing project. This provides for a channel 200 feet wide and 10 feet deep at mean low water from Fire Island Inlet to the central basin in Great South Bay, and a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the central basin in the bay to the head of navigation in Patchogue River. The length of section included in the project is about 19.1 miles. Mean tidal range in the bay, 0.7 foot; mean range of spring tides, 0.8 foot; ,irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 1.7 feet below mean low water up to 4.6 feet above meau high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $220,000, exclusive of amount expended under previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $14,000. The.existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. No. 103, 56th Cong., 2d sess.). For latest published map, see Annual Report for 1916, page 2018. Terminalfacilities. Water terminals, 21 in number, with availabh wharfage of 5,045 feet, are located along the shores of Patchogue RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 77 River. One terminal has mechanical handling facilities; seven have marine railways. There are 8 boat-building yards; 2 fuel-oil ter- minals; a coal yard; and 2 village wharves open to the public. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to restore project dimensions in the entrance to Patchogue River, work was commenced October 26, 1954, and completed Feb- ruary 26, 1955. During the fiscal year 64,860 cubic yards, place meas- urement, of material were removed. Cost of dredging was $46,000, including $2,431 for engineering preliminary to dredging and pre- dredging surveys for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced November 1902 and is about 60 percent complete. The channel in Patchogue River was completed in 1904. Of the dredging through three biars, necessary to provide the projected chan- nel, only the easterly one, bar C, was dredged. The west jetty, 1,700 feet long, completed under the previous project in 1897 and repaired in 1914, and the east jetty, formed of a sand spit, 1,000 feet long, with a riprap extension 330 feet long, completed in 1917, are in good con- dition. When examined in October 1953 to February 1955, the con- trolling mean low water depth was 10 feet for widths of 140 to 200 feet from Fire Island Inlet to Point of Woods except for three shoals bypassed by naturally deep water, thence 7 feet to Green Point and 8 feet from there to junction with channel to Patchogue River for widths of 200 feet, thence(7 feet for widths of 50 to 100 feet to the head of project in Patehogue River. The head of navigation is Divi- sion Street, Patchogue, about 19.1 miles by channel from the entrance at Fire Island Inlet. The work remaining to, be done to complete the project consists of dredging through two bars necessary to provide the projected channel to Patchogue River. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $301,- 162-$59,821 for new work and $241,341 for maintenance. Cost and financiaL summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated- ------------.... ----------------------------------- ------------ - $99,821 Cost.----------------- ---------------------------------- ------- 99, 821 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $565 __- -- - $800 $1, 200 $45, 878 241, 341 Cost---------- .......... ...-- -------- 1,617 _------------ 1,878 46,000 241,341 1 Includes $40,000 for new work for previous projects. O)ther ,new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- priated for completion of 'existing project _._------_-------_ - _ $160, 000 8. JONES INLET, N. Y. Location. This is a small inlet on the south shore of Long Island connecting Hempstead Bay with the Atlantic Ocean. It is 37 miles 78 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 by water southeast of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 579.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance jetty and a channel 12 feet deep and 250 feet wide, from that depth in the ocean through the inlet to the Loop Causeway Bridge over Long Creek. The length of section included in the project is about 2.1 miles. The mean tidal range varies from 4.2 feet at the ocean entrance to 3.1 feet at the Loop Causeway Bridge; the mean range of spring tides varies from 5.0 feet to 3.7 feet, respectively; irregular fluctuations due to wind and baro- metric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 8.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,785,000, exclusive of $1,785,000 (one-half of total cost) to be contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1949, is $65,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, (H. Doc. 409, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest pub- lished map see project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall- a. Contribute 50 percent of the first cost of the improvement. b. Furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas needed for the initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required. c. Hold and save the United States free of claims for damages re- sulting from the improvements. d. Provide and maintain a channel 12 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide from the Loop Causeway Bridge over Long Creek to the head of navigation in Freeport Creek at Mill Road. Assurances of compliance with the above conditions were accepted by the Secretary of the Army on April 15, 1953. Authority was also granted by the Secretary of the Army on September 16, 1952, to accept an advance of funds amounting to $2,000,000 offered by the State of New York, the county of Nassau and the town of Hempstead to carry out the improvement at this time. The sum of $2,715,000, $1,357,500 advanced and $1,357,500 contributed, was deposited to the credit of the United States on July 2, 1953. Terminal facilities. Within the area tributary to Jones Inlet there are a number of privately owned small wharves and 40 boat repair and storage yards. The latter are equipped for the repair of pleasure craft and fishing vessels. In addition, there are nine public wharves open to the public free of charge, with a total dockage of 2,180 feet. Addi- tional terminals would have to be constructed for the receipt of com- mercial freight in any sizable quantity. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Under a contract for construction of a stone jetty at the entrance to the inlet, work was commenced November 18, 1953, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year, 1423,387 cubic feet, solid measure, of stone were placed at a cost of $1,127,926, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the jetty is about 50 percent complete. The controlling mean low water depth through RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 79 the inlet was 6 feet along a circuitous course when examined in Sep- tember 1952. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of completion of the jetty and dredging of the channel to its author- ized dimensions. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $1,421,- 605-$5,000 United States funds, $709,446 contributed funds and $704,599 advanced funds, a -total of $1,419,045 for new work and $2,560 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated .---------.......----- ------- ----...... $5, 000 ............ $5, 000 Cost .... ------------------ --------- 5,000 ---------------------- 5,000 1Exclusive of $1,785,000 to be contributed by local interests. Other new work data: Estimate additional amount needed to be ap- priated for completion of existing project---------------------- $1, 780, 000 ADVANCED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1955,Includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: ---------------------------- $1,357,500 ------------ Advanced-----------.......... $1,357,500 ---------------------------............ Cost---------................---------......... 143,059 $561,540 704,599 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ $163, 731 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------- 163, 731 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Contributed-------------------------------------$1,357,500- ..------ $1,357,500 ------------------------------------- .... ......... Cost--------.... 143, 059 387 $566, 446 709, Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------- $158, 772 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------------- 158, 772 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------------------------- 427, 500 363037-55-vol. 2 -6 80 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 9. EAST ROCKAWAY (DEBS) INLET, N. Y. Location. This inlet is situated on the south shore of Long Island between the main body of the island and the western end of Long Beach. It is 10 miles east of Rockaway Inlet and about 27 miles by water south and east from the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 579 and 1215.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 250 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in the Atlantic Ocean to the 12-foot contour in Long Beach Channel, a distance of about 0.6 mile, protected by a jetty. Mean tidal range, 4.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 4.9 feet; irregular fluctuations, due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4.1 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The cost of new work for the completed active portion of the project as described above was $503,069 (excluding $100,000 contributed funds). The latest 1954 approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $89,000. The west jetty portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing description of the existing project and the cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $806,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 19, 71st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, provides that local interests shall contribute $100,000 to the cost of the work; give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers that they will provide and maintain at their own expense interior channels suitable for navigation, not less than 12 feet deep, from East Rockaway Inlet to the Hempstead-Oyster Bay line, a distance of about 15 miles, to Hewlett Harbor and to Free- port Harbor; furnish, without expense to the United States, necessary land, easements and rights-of-way for construction and maintenance of the jetties, and agree to hold and save the United States free of claims' for damages to puiblic and private property resulting from the improvement. Assurances of compliance with the conditions of local cooperation precedent to construction of entrance channel and east jetty were approved by the Chief of Engineers and Secretary of War on July 14 and 15, 1932, respectively. Local contribution of $100,000 was deposited to the credit of the United States on August 23, 1932. Since the construction of the west jetty is not considered necessary at this time, easements, rights-of-way, and release of claims for damages necessary for construction are not being secured. Terminal facilities. There are 33 terminals in Oceanside, Island Park, -Long Beah, and East Rockaway. Eight :.of :these are oil terminals-6 at Oceanside, one of which has a railroad spur, and 2 at Island Park. The other terminals consist of repair and mooring docks with a berthage of 3,150 feet. Of these 14 have marine railways and 1 has mechanical handling facilities. There are public wharves at East Rockaway and Woodmere, and the waterfront on the north RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 81 side of Long Beach has been bulkheaded. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Hyde and attendant plant were employed from April 5, 1955, to May 19, 1955, in dredging to restore the project channel to a depth of 12 feet. During the fiscal year 123,200 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $123,631 including $1,528 for engineering preliminary to dredging and pre- dredging surveys for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced February 1933, and is about 85 percent complete. The east jetty, 4,250 feet long, was completed in July 1934. The project channel was completed in May 1935. When examined in May 1955, the controlling mean low water depth through the channel from deep water in Atlantic Ocean to deep water in East Rockaway Inlet was 12 feet for a width of 250 feet. The east jetty was in good condition. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of building a west jetty, if necessary, to protect the channel. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955 was $955,975- $421,369 from regular funds and $82,600 from Public Works funds, a total of $503,969 for new work and $452,006 from regular funds for maintenance. In addition, the costs from contributed funds were $100,000 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June - 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated........----- ------------------------------------------------------- $503, 966 Cost---------- -------------- ------------------------ ------------------ 503, 969 Maintenance: Appropriated ......... $454 $96, 505 -$8, 727 $67, 500 $122, 100 452, 384 Cost..----------------- 454 85,878 1, 831 65, 660 123, 631 452, 006 1 In addition $100,000 for new work expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project-------------_____ $806, 000 10. BAY RIDGE AND RED HOOK CHANNELS, N. Y. Location. These channels lie along the east shore of the Upper Bay, New York Harbor, and with Buttermilk Channel, form an east- erly channel along the Brooklyn waterfront from the Narrows to East River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 369 and 541.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, August 11, 1888, September 19, 1890, August 18, 1894, and June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 1768 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 195 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 1,200 feet wide and 40 feet deep at mean low water from the Narrows to Bay Ridge Avenue, Brooklyn, thence 1,750 feet wide to the junction of Bay 82 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Ridge and Red Hook Channels, thence 1,200 feet wide through Red Hook Channel to the junction with Buttermilk Channel and a channel of the same depth extending into Gowanus Bay from the junction of Bay Ridge Channel with Red Hook Channel, narrowing uniformly in width to about 500 feet at Twenty-eighth Street, Brooklyn. Length of section included in the project, 4 miles. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work, for the completed project, was $4,277,196, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $182,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Channel 40 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide-----------.............. H. Doc. 337, 54th Cong., 2d sess. (Annual Report, 1897, p. 1177). Mar. 2, 1907 Dredging to obtain, first, a depth of 35 feet, subse- quently increasing depth to 40 feet for full width. July 3,1930 Widening of Bay Ridge Channel to 1,750 feet-----........ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 44, 71st Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published man). Terminal facilities. There are 53 terminals with a total available berthage of 72,819 feet. Twenty-four of the terminals have nmechani- cal handling devices and 20 have railroad connections. In addition, there are 6 railroad float bridges and 2 idle ferry slips. Of the termi- nals, 1 is State-owned, 2 are Government-owned, 13 are owned by the city of New York, and 1 is open to public use. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 30 and 35 feet in the Gowanus Bay area, work was commenced on May 26, 1955, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 116,300 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $120,418, includ- ing $6,966 for engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced March 1901 and completed June 1940. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels included in the project are as follows: Section Depth (feet) Width (feet) Date survey In Bay Ridge Channel from Narrows to Bay Ridge Ave., 37 1, 200-700 October-November 1954. Brooklyn. From Bay Ridge Ave. to 45th St. (Pier 4) ... ------------- 35 1, 200-750 Do. From 45th St. to junction with Red Hook Channel...... 33 1, 300- Do. 1, 000 Branch in Gowanus Bay...------------------------------ 30 600-230 March 1954. Red Hook Channel.....................................----------------------------------- 36 1,100-500 October-November 1954. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 83 The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $8,965,637-$4,212,637 regular funds and $64,560 Public Works funds, a total of $4,277,197 for new work and $4,688,440 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated------ ------------------------------ ...........-- ...------------............ ..... ...... --------- $5, 523, 297 Cost-------- ----------- ------------------------------------ ------------ 5, 523, 297 Maintenance: Appropriated-.- -- _ -$2, 039 $184, 055 $122, 200 $291, 098 $292, 300 4, 864, 298 Cost ..-------------------------- 184, 055 112,875 ' 296, 447 120, 418 4, 688, 440 1Includes $1,246,100 for new work for previous projects. 11. BUTTERMILK CHANNEL, N. Y. Location. This channel connects deep water in the Upper Bay, New York Harbor, southwest of Governors Island, with deep water in East River northeast of Governors Island, and with Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels forms an easterly channel along the Brooklyn waterfront from the Narrows to East River. It lies between Gover- nors Island and Borough of Brooklyn, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 541 and 745.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, July 13, 1892, and June 3, 1896. For further details see page 205, Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for a channel 1,000 feet wide, 40 feet deep at mean low water for the width of the existing 500-foot channel and 35 feet deep for the remaining 500-foot width west of the existing channel, with suitable widening at the junctions with East River and Red Hook and Anchorage Channels. Length of sec- tion included in the project, 21/4 miles. Mean tidal range 4.4 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.3 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.8 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $2,730,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimated cost of annual maintenance is $77,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Channel 1,200 feet wide and not less than 30 feet deep_ __ H. Doc. 122, 56th Cong., 2d sess. (Annual Report, 1901, p. 1299). Aug. 30, 1935 Channel 1,000 feet wide to depths of 40 and 35 feet-.... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 55, 74th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map). 84 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Terminal facilities. There are 25 terminals with a total available berthage of 29,422 feet, and 3,696 feet of bulkheads and wharves available for dockage. Of the terminals, 15 are equipped with me- chanical handling devices and 18 have railroad connections. One of the terminals is owned by the city of New York. In addition, there are two float bridges. Practically all of the available waterfront is occupied and facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was employed from November 15, 1954, to February 16, 1955, in restoring portions of the channel to project depths of 40 feet. During the fiscal year 457,600 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $157,894 including $1,785 for engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced October 1903 and is about 68 percent complete. The easterly 500-foot width of channel from Anchorage Channel to East River was completed to a 40-foot depth in May 1935. The westerly 500-foot channel, including the widening at the junction with the East River, was completed to a 35-foot depth for the northerly three-quar- ters of a mile of its length in December 1939, and for the southerly 2,000 feet in October 1944. The widenings at the junctions with Red Hook and Anchorage Channels were completed in December 1943. The controlling mean low water depths of the sections included in this project are as follows: Section Depth (feet) Width (feet) Date Date East half of channel: Anchorage Channel to junction with Red 37 _ 500------_ -- ------ December 1952 to Decem- Hook Channel. ber 1954. Junction with Red Hook Channel to the 40 100 to 500 ..-. .....- March 1950. East River. West half of channel: Anchorage Channel to 4,000 feet north.... 23 500 to 250 ...---------- May 1951. 4,000 feet north of Anchorage Channel to 25 250 to 500 ...---------- March 1950. 8,000 feet north. 8,000 feet north of Anchorage Channel to 35 500 ..........-----------------.March 1950. the East River. When examined from March 1950 to December 1954, the con- trolling depths in the widenings at the junctions with Anchorage, Red Hook, and East River Channels were 34, 36, and 35 feet, respectively. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of completing the deepening to 35 feet of the westerly 500 foot channel. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $2,300,- 790--$122,051 Public Works funds and $1,323,617 regular funds, a total of $1,445,668 for new work and $855,122 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 85 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated -- __ -- ------------ ------------------.-------------- -- --- $1,941,918 Cost -- ---------- -- ------------ ------ --------- 1,941,918 Maintenance: Appropriated ........---- - - - - - - - $155, 000 $14, 132 ...------------ $157, 894 855, 122 Cost .---------------- ------ 140, 670 -_- ....---- 157,894 855,122 1 Includes $496,250 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount need to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project__ ____-_____-- $1, 284, 000 12. HUDSON RIVER CHANNEL, N. Y. Location.' Hudson River empties into the Upper Bay of New York Harbor at the Battery, New York City. The section included under this title extends from deep water in upper New York Bay to just north of Harlem River (Spuyten Duyvil Creek), a distance of about 14.5 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 745, 746, and 747.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1875, June 6, 1900, and March 3, 1905. For further details, see An- nual Report for 1915, page 1765, and Annual Report for 1938, page 213. Existing project. This provides for a channel 48 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide, suitably widened at the bends, from West 59th Street, Manhattan, to West 40th Street, thence 45 feet deep of the same width to deep water in Upper Bay; for a channel 40 feet deep for the full width of the river extending from the north line of 59th Street to the south side of Little Basin, and thence a channel of the same depth to deep water in the Upper New York Bay off Ellis Island, substantially as shown on maps in House Document 309, 72d Congress, 1st session, subject to the provision that no dredging shall be done under the proj- ect within 50 feet of the pierhead lines; a channel 750 feet wide and 30 feet deep along the Weehawken-Edgewater waterfront; the removal of a shoal on the New York side between West 59th and West 61st Streets to a depth of 40 feet; and the removal of an obstruction north of the mouth of Spuyten Duyvil Creek to the depth of the surround- ing river bottom. The length of channel included in the project is about 11 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. Mean tidal range at the Battery, 4.4 feet, and at West 129th Street, 4.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.3 feet and 4.9 feet, respectively; irregular fluc- tuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.8 feet bejow mean low water at the Battery up to 5.2 feet above mean high water and at West 129th Street from 3.6 feet below mean low water up to 5.3 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $6,702,240, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $455,000. 86 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4,1913 Channel 30 feet deep from Ellis Island to Newark St., H. Doc. 719, 62d Cong., 2d sess. 40 feet deep through the shoal from Newark St. to Castle Point and channel 26 feet deep and 550 feet wide along We hawken-Edgewater waterfront. Removal of shoal east side of river between West 19th and West 32d Sts.; removal of rock near the Battery to 40 feet, and removal of obstruction near Spuyten Duyvil Creek. Mar. 4, 1915 Additional dredging through shoal from Newark St. Annual Report, 1914, pp. 234-235. to Castle Point. Aug. 8,1917 Removal of shoal between West 32d and West 61st H. Doc. 1697, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Sts. to 40 feet and widening the 40-foot channel be- tween the Battery and Canal St. to 2,000 feet. Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 30 feet deep and 750 feet wide along Wee- H. Doc. 313, 68th Cong., 1st sess. hawken-Edgewater waterfront. Jan. 21, 1927 Modification of conditions of local cooperation affect- ing channel along Weehawken-Edgewater water- front. July 3, 1930 Channel 40 feet deep between pierhead lines from 20th H. Doc. 450, 70th Cong., 2d sess.' St. Manhattan, to a point, 1,300 feet below Newark St., Hoboken, thence 2,800 f et wide to deep water off Ellis Island. Channel 30 feet deep between 40- foot channel and channel along Jersey City water- front. 1 Aug. 30,1935 2 Widening the 40-foot channel to full width of river H. Doc. 309, 72d Cong., 1st sess. from north line of 59th St. to south side of Little Basin, thence a channel of same depth to deep water off Ellis Island. Do--....... Waiver of all conditions of local cooperation affecting Rivers and Harbors Committee the channel along the Weehawken-Edgewater Doc. 49, 72d Cong., 2d sess. waterfront. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 45 and 48 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide .----Senate committee1 print, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contain latest published maps. 2 Also Public Works Administration Sept. 6, 1933, and Apr. 27, 1935. Terminal facilities. The length of waterfront included in the project for improvement, measured along both shores of the river, is 32 miles; of this length, 7 miles of the Manhattan waterfront and 10 miles of the New Jersey waterfront have been developed for com- mercial use. Along the Manhattan waterfront, there are 101 termi- nals with a total available berthage of 126,826 feet, 19 ferry slips, and 8 car-float bridges. Along the Jersey waterfront there are 147 termi- nals having a total available berthage of 166,282 feet, and. 19 ferry slips, 31 car-float bridges, and 2 large shipyards with 6 floating dry- docks. Of the terminals, 109 are publicly owned, 159 are equipped with mechanical-handling devices, and 135 have railroad connections. The facilities are adequate for present requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was employed intermittently from pecem- ber 7, 1954, to December 23, 1954, in dredging to restore the channel along the Weehawken-Edgewater waterfront to a depth of 30 feet. During the fiscal year 460,200 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $162,700, excluding $392 for engi- neering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys for main- tenance. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was also employed intermittently from September 21, 1954, to February 1, 1955, in dredg- ing to restore the 40- and 45-foot project channels to their authorized dimensions. During the fiscal year 928,200 cubic yards, place meas- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 87 urement, of material were removed at a cost of $298,984, excluding $3,167 for engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging sur- veys for maintenance. The cost of studies, miscellaneous inspections, and reports was $9,148 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $474,391 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced April 1913 and was completed in September 1952. The work of widening and deepening Weehawken-Edgewater Chan- nel to project dimensions was completed in August 1937. The work of widening the 40-foot channel for the full width of the river from Ellis Island to West 59th Street, Manhattan, was completed in March 1939. The work of widening the 48-foot project to full project width of 2,000 feet from West 40th Street to West 59th Street was completed in November 1950. Deepening of the 45-foot channel for a width of 2,000 feet from Upper Bay to West 40th Street was completed to project dimensions in September 1952. The controlling mean low water depths of the sections included in the project are as follows: Section Depth Section feet) Width (feet) Date 40-foot channel: From Ellis Island to West 59th St_ _- - 35 3, 700-2, 850 June 1953 to February 1955. 45-foot channel: From Ellis Island to West 40th St_ _ - - 44 2, 000 November 1953. 48-foot channel: From West 40th St. to West 59th St -- _ 48 1, 800-1, 500 June 1954. Weehawken-Edgewater channel: From West 59th St. to opposite Valvoline oil dock_ 30 400-750 August 1951 to December 1954. From opposite Valvoline oil dock to West 156 St., 26 700 August-December 1954. Manhattan. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $11,848,449-$668,820 Public Works funds, and $6,033,420 regular funds-a total of $6,702,240 for new work and $5,146,209 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated . $300, 000 $250, 000 -$75, 383 .. .... $6,771, 870 ....------------------------ Costne_ _ . _ 362, 551 171, 516 4, 097 6, 171, 870 Maintenance: Appropriated ____ 158, 677 290, 000 225, 991 $339, 198 $469, 445 5, 146, 209 Cost-----------------.. 174, 286 84, 364 424, 794 346, 059 474, 391 5, 146, 209 I Includes $69,629 for new work for previous project. 13. HUDSON RIVER, N. Y. Location. This river has its source in the Adirondack Mountains, about 250 miles in a direct line and 315 miles along its course from the Battery, New York City, and flows in a generally southerly di- 88 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 rection into New York Bay. The section under improvement extends from New York City to Waterford, a distance of about 156 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 282, 283, 284, 747, and 748.) Previovs projects. The original project for improvement by the United States was adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1834, and modified in 1852 and 1866. A second project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, and modified in 1899. For further details, see page 1764, Annual Report for 1915, and page 226, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 600 feet wide from New York City to Kingston and thence 400 feet wide to Albany, with widening at the bends, a turning basin 700 feet wide and 1,200 feet long at Albany, and 2 anchorages, 1 near Hudson and 1 near Stuyve- sant, each with a width of 400 feet and an average length of 2,400 feet; all with depths of 32 feet in soft material and 34 feet in rock; thence 14 feet deep at lowest low water and generally 400 feet wide to the Federal lock at Troy; and thence of same depth and 200 feet wide to the southern limit of the State barge canal at Waterford; and removal of State dam at Troy and the construction of a lock and dam about 21/2 miles below Waterford. The channel is to be formed by dredging and rock excavation, and to be maintained by dredging and by constructing new, and raising and repairing old, longitudinal dikes, built partly under previous projects and partly by the State of New York. The mean range of pool elevation above the Federal dam at Troy, in seasons of moderate rains, is about 2.2 feet, as determined in 1934. The mean tidal range is about 4.7 feet at the Federal dam at Troy and about 4.6 feet at Al- bany, extreme range due to freshets is 33.4 and 25.7 feet, respectively. The normal pool level above the Federal dam from Troy to Water- ford is 14.33 feet above mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. In the tidal section of the river below the dam the assumed lowest low water plane from Troy to Albany is 3 feet below mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. The following table contains information concerning the various features of the lock and dam included in the existing project: Location: Below Waterford - _miles_ 2. 2 Above Battery, New York City do ____ 153. 8 Locks: Clear width_ feet_ 44. 44 Greatest length available for full width do_... 492. 5 Lift at lowest stages_ -do 17. 3 Depth on miter sills: Upper (at normal pool level) _do ___ 16. 3 Lower (at lowest low water) d do __ 13. O0 Character of foundation: Rock. Kind of dam: Fixed. Type of construction: Concrete. Completed: 1917. Cost: $1,463,014. The estimated cost for new work fQr the active portion of the project as described above, revised in 1955, is $49,270,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 89 estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $403,000, including $76,000 for operation and care of the lock and dam. The widening to form harbors at Albany and Troy, N. Y., to a depth of 12 feet is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing description of the existing project and the cost estimate. The cost of this portion of the project was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $552,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 25, 1910 Channel 12 feet deep from Hudson to Waterford, re- H. Doc. 719, 61st Cong., 2d sess. moval of State lock and dam 2 at Troy and construc- tion of a new lock and dam. Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 27 feet deep from Hudson to Albany .-.-.-- H. Doc. 350, 68th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Channel 27 feet deep below Hudson - - H. Doc. 210, 70th Cong., 1st sess. (3) Operation and care of lock and dam at Troy were in- cluded in project July 1, 1935. Aug. 30, 1935 4 Relocation of the 12-foot channel between Troy and S. Doc. 155, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Waterford. June 20,1.938 Deepening, channel between .Albany and Waterford .. H. Doc. 572, 75th Cong., 3d sess. to 14 feet, with no change in depths for harbors ini front of Albany and Troy. Sept. 3, 1954 Deepening channel between New York City and H. Doc. 228, 83d Cong., 1st sess. Albany to 32 feet and construction of a turning basin and 2 anchorages. 1 These documents contain latest published maps. 2 Widening to form harbors at Albany and Troy to a depth of 12 feet considered inactive. 3 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. 4 PWA, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, which require that local interests shall agree to: (a) furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements; (c) provide depths commensurate with the channel depth in the ap- proaches and berths at terminals to serve the commerce which would move on the improvement; (d) construct and maintain a suitable bulkhead on the east side of the proposed turning basin or permit dredging of a slope that would otherwise be required; (e) provide and maintain at the port of Albany, in addition to facilities heretofore provided, sufficient storage and handling facilities for accommodation of prospective commerce, when and as required; and (f) continue, through administration by the Albany Port District Commission or other public body, to regulate the use, growth, and development of the harbor facilities at the port of Albany and to hold suitable facilities open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. The piers and other terminal or transfer facilities served by the improvement are as follows: Between Waterford and the Federal dam at Troy there are 14 wharves aggregating approximately 5,000 feet in length. The State of New York has constructed a barge-canal terminal at Cohoes. There is a dock 325 feet long on the west side of the river just north of the Federal dam. 90 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 At Troy there are 9 terminals with available dockage of 2,383 feet, including the State barge-canal terminal with 960 feet. In addition, 11/4 miles of concrete bulkhead were constructed along the waterfront by the city of Troy. At Watervliet there is a stone bulkhead 755 feet long. Between this point and Albany there are 5 timber wharves aggregating 4,275 feet in length. At Albany, and Rensselaer on the east side of the river, there are 30 terminals aggregating 18,661 feet of available berthage, including a city-owned recreation pier of 900 feet and the State barge-canal terminal with 1,586 feet located on the west side of the river. These terminals are adequately served with railroad trackage. There are 5 transit sheds, 1 warehouse, a 13,500,000-bushel grain elevator, and a molasses-storage plant, all provided by the Albany Port District Commission. Between Albany and Hudson there are about 100 timber wharves aggregating 36,700 feet in length; at Hudson there are 12 timber wharves aggregating 5,000 feet in length; at Athens there are 9 timber wharves aggregating 4,000 feet in length. Between Hudson and the upper limits of New York City the entire waterfronts of Poughkeepsie, Newburgh, and Yonkers are equipped with transfer facilities. At Poughkeepsie there are 14 terminals with available dockage of 7,823 feet, including a city-owned pier of 270 feet. At Newburgh there are 17 terminals with a total dockage of 8,431 feet, of which 1 with 90 feet of dockage is open to the public. At Yonkers there are 28 terminals with dockage of 10,659 feet, of which 531 feet are for public use. The existing wharves are ample for Hudson River traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. By use of Government plant and hired labor, brush and small trees growing on 33,494 linear feet of dikes between Troy and Hudson were sprayed during the period July 1 to July 23, 1954. 60,721 linear feet of dikes were resprayed to kill regrowth during the period of May 16 to June 18, 1955, at a total cost of $7,184 for maintenance. Government plant and hired labor were employed intermittently from July 19 to October 25, 1954, and from April 11 to June 30, 1955, on repairs to Van Wies Dike, Castleton Dike, and Cedar Hill Dike section No. 3 at a total cost of $27,628 for maintenance. By use of Government plant and hired labor, stumps and snags which formed a potential menace to navigation and other obstructions were removed from the shores and channel of the river during the fiscal year at a cost of $14,135 for maintenance. The costs of condition surveys, tidal observations, miscellaneous inspections and reports, were $40,282 for maintenance. The lock and dam in the Hudson River at Troy, N. Y., was operated and cared for during the fiscal year. Operation of the lock for the 1954 navigation season was suspended December 15, 1954, and resumed March 25, 1955, for the 1955 season. U. S. derrick boat H. R. No. 1 was employed December 8 to 17, 1954, in removing fender booms and installing emergency dam, and March 21 to 28, 1955, in removing emergency dam and replacing fender booms. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 91 The cost of all this work was $77,567 for operation and care of lock and dam at Troy, N. Y. The total cost of work was $166,796--$89,229 for maintenance and $77,567 for operation and care of lock and dam at Troy, N. Y. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced July 1910 and is about 61 percent complete. The construction of new lock and dam at Troy, removal of old dam at Troy, and construction of 15,545 linear feet of new dikes have been com- pleted. In the reconstruction of old dikes, 39,672 linear feet have been raised to the adopted crest height. The channel from Albany to Waterford has been completed to a depth of 14 feet, with the exception of a small part of the widening to form a harbor at Troy, which work is not deemed necessary for the present. The work of deepening the channel south of Albany to 27 feet mean low water has been completed with the exception of about 1,500 linear feet at the northern end. The controlling mean low water depth from New York City to Hudson, N. Y., is 27 feet for a width varying from 280 to 400 feet, thence 26.5 feet for a width varying from 170 to 400 feet to about 4,700 feet below the Dunn Memorial Bridge, thence 15.6 feet for a width varying from 190 to 400 feet to the Dunn Memorial Bridge. The controlling lowest low water depth from Albany to the lock and dam at Troy is 13.5 feet for a width varying from 400 feet at Albany to 45 feet near the south entrance to the lock at Troy. At the lock entrance it is 14 feet deep for a width of 45 feet. Controlling depth over the lock sills is 13.0 feet at the lower sill. The controlling pool level depth above the lock at Troy to Waterford, the head of the improvement, is 14 feet for a width varying from 45 to 200 feet. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of the construction and reconstruction of dikes, deepening of the channel from New York City to Albany to 32 feet, construction of the turning basin at Albany, and construction of the anchorages at Hud- son and Stuyvesant. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: New work Maintenance careand Operating Total Regular funds. _------------ ___ - $15, 577, 938 $5,460,025 $2, 015, 606 $23,053,569 Public works funds _ _ 238, 350- - - - 238, 350 Emergency Relief funds_ _____ 311, 461--.------------.------ 311, 461 Total ....... -.................. 16,127, 749 5, 460, 025 2, 015, 606 23, 603, 380 In addition, the sum of $454,273 was expended between August 18, 1915, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the work of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 92 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: _ Appropriated --------- _--------- -$18, 366 ..---------------------------------.. $21, 240, 342 Co st . - - - - - - . -......... .... -__ _ _ -. 21, 240, 342 Maintenance: Appropriated. - .-- -$210, 292 449, 368 $207, 189 $344, 431 $115, 100 2 7, 836, 017 Cost------------- . 346, 652 512, 480 204, 967 302, 519 166, 796 2 7,822, 428 1 Includes $5,112,594 for new work and $346,797 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes O & C. Other new work data : Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -------- __- __- $33, 142, 300 14, GREAT LAKES TO HUDSON RIVER WATERWAY, N. Y. Location. This waterway consists of that portion of the New York State Barge Canal system extending from the Hudson River at Water- ford to Oswego Harbor on Lake Ontario. (See U. S. Lake Survey Charts Nos. 183, 184, and New York Canal Charts.) Existing project. This provides for the allotment of Federal funds to the State of New York for expenditure under suitable Federal con- trol and supervision in the improvement of the canal connecting Lake Ontario with the Hudson River. The improvement provides for a depth of 13 feet below normal pool level through all locks between Waterford and Oswego, deepening between locks to 14 feet below normal pool levels, widening at bends and elsewhere, and increasing the overhead clearance to 20 feet at maximum navigable stage at bridges and other overhead structures. The widths of channel to be provided under the project are 104 feet in earth cuts, 120 feet in rock cuts, 200 feet in river sections, with widening at bends and elsewhere as may be necessary. The length of the waterway included in this project is about 184 miles, of which 160 miles are in the Erie Canal from Waterford to Three Rivers Point and 24 miles are in the Oswego Canal from Three Rivers Point to Oswego. The estimated cost for new work, made in 1955, is $33,270,000, of which not more than $27,000,000 shall be expended on deepening be- tween locks and raising of bridges and other overhead clearances as contained in River and Harbor Committee Doc. 20, 73d Congress, 2d session. No estimate of maintenance with Federal funds is included, as maintenance of the canal is not a part of the Federal project. Acts Work authorized Documents May 2819351 Deepening between the locks to 14 feet, increasing Rivers and Harbors Committee, 2 Aug. 30 1935 overhead clearances to 20 feet and widening at Doc. 20, 73d Cong., 2d sess. bends and elsewhere. , Mar. 2,1945 Depth of 13 feet below normal pool level through all S. Doc. 252, 79th Cong., 2d sess. locks between Waterford and Oswego. 1 aergency Relief Act of 1935. 2 Contains latest published map. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 93 Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, authorized the deepening of the locks subject to the condition that an agreement be entered into between the United States and the State of New York embodying certain limitations and provisions to safeguard the interests of general commerce and navigation, insure Federal con- trol of the disposition of Federal funds, and provide for Federal super- vision of the work performed. A supplemental agreement dated June 5, 1947, containing all provisions necessary for efficient prosecution of the improvement, was entered into by the Chief of Engineers and the Department of Public Works, State of New York. The requirements under the prior acts have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The State of New York has provided terminal and transfer facilities at all important points along the Erie and Os- wego Canals, and at Buffalo, Troy, Albany, and New York Harbor. The freight-handling equipment, as well as the storage and dock facilities, is governed by the requirements of the particular locality. The State-owned terminal at Oswego has a grain elevator with a capacity of 1,000,000 bushels. The Albany Port District Commission has erected a grain elevator at Albany with a capacity of 13,500,000 bushels. The Port of New York Authority grain terminal in New York Harbor on Gowanus Bay has a capacity of approximately 1,800,000 bushels. Terminals at Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, Schenectady, Troy, Albany, and Oswego are provided with direct railroad connections. All State-owned terminals are open to the public on equal terms. Lakeport terminals are extensive in character. The available termin- als appear ample to meet all requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of engineering studies for raising bridges and guard gates, lowering sills and placing bank protection at various locations between Waterford and Oswego, N. Y. and inspection of work under contract at Locks 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Erie Canal was $1,739 for new work. Final costs have not been reported for work completed during fiscal year 1954 under contract for lowering sills at Lock 7, Erie Canal. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced in September 1935 and is about 79.2 percent complete. The status of the channel deepening and widening is as follows: Distance (miles) Corn- Work remaining to From- To- pleted be done to project Work in Future depth progress work Hudson River_ ----- Guard G--------gate 2 at Waterford _..... G 2. 6 0. 2 Guard gate 2 at Waterford -----------__ Lock 10 at Cranesville........-----------.. 32. 2 .................... Lock 10 at Cranesville.....-------------- ......... Lock 16 at Mindenville--------- 36. 1 ........ .......... Lock 16 at Mindenville_---------------- Guard gate 5 at Herkimer ..... 15.5 .0.7 Guard gate 5 at Herkimer-------.............. Oswego Harbor--------------...............---. 96. 7 ......... ......... Total (184 miles)..........................------------------------..------....-----------........... 183. 1 .......... 0. 9 94 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Thirty-five barge canal bridges have been raised and one length- ened to project clearance with Federal funds under this improvement. Project vertical clearance has been provided at two additional bridges with Federal funds by construction of additional spillway capacity at Herkimer, N. Y. Three additional bridges were raised, 4 were removed and 2 were removed and replaced by new structures at project clearance; all by other agencies. The present depth is 14 feet at normal pool levels for the following width: 75 feet in earth cuts, 94 in rock cuts and 200 feet in canalized rivers and lakes. The 29 locks, 22 in Erie Canal east of Three Rivers Point, and 7 in Oswego Canal, north of Three Rivers Point, have a clear width of 43.5 feet, usable length of 300 feet, and depth over miter sills of 12 feet except for lock 7 Erie Canal where sills have been lowered to project depth of 13 feet. Numerous fixed bridges, trans- mission lines, and other structures span the waterways. There are 68 bridges between Waterford and Three Rivers Point and 13 between Three Rivers Point and Oswego. The minimum clearance under existing bridges and other overhead structures is 14.66 feet above maximum navigable stage. Work of lowering lock sills to project depth is being prosecuted by the State of New York in conjunction with contracts for necessary maintenance of lock structures. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of widening and deepening the channel by excavation, including the removal of ledge rock and work incidental thereto, for a total distance of 0.9 mile, as described in the above table, the raising of 21 barge canal bridges, the raising of 4 guard gates, the revetment of banks with quarry stones where necessary and the deepening to 13 feet through 26 locks. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $22,779,- 446, for new work $17,966,046 was from regular funds and $4,813,400 from Emergency Relief funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--..... -- $156, 466 -$52, 338 _ $10, 000 -$6, 000 780, $22, 496 Cost----------------- 644, 470 20,667 $1,499 1, 506 1, 739 22, 779, 446 I Exclusive of $48,338 held in reserve by O. C. E. for future requirements. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ........ $1, 050 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------ _ 1,050 Estimated- additional- amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___ _1-----------------------0, 490, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 95 15. NARROWS OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN, N. Y. AND VT. Location. This waterway, 37 miles long, comprises the southern end of Lake Champlain and extends from Whitehall to Crown Point, N. Y. The portion included in the project extends from Whitehall, N. Y., at the southern extremity of the lake, northerly to Benson Landing, Vt., a distance of 13.5 miles. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 174.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836, March 3, 1837, July 7, 1838, August 5, 1886, July 13, 1892, and March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 256, Annual Report for 1932. LEisting project. This provides for a channel extending from Whitehall, N. Y., at the head of Lake Champlain, to Benson Landing, to be 12 feet deep at low lake level and generally 200 feet wide, and the installation of fender booms at Putts Rock, Putts Leap, Narrows near Dresden, Pulpit Point, and Cedar Mountain. The reference plane of low lake level is 93.0 feet above mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. The length of the section included in the project for improve- ment is about 13.5 miles. The usual annual variation of the lake level is 5.8 feet, and the extreme variation varies from 0.6 foot below up to 8.8 feet above the low lake level. The cost for new work for the completed portion of the project consisting of a channel generally 150 feet wide was $566,811, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,000. The widening of the channel throughout its entire length to the project width of 200 feet is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $1,573,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917 (H. Doc. 1387, 62d Cong., 3d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities are located in Whitehall Harbor and consist of three timber wharves, aggregating 4,200 feet in length. The State of New York has constructed a barge canal ter- minal at Whitehall, just south of the terminus of the canal, which has been equipped with a 15-ton hand-operated derrick and a store- house. The facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Replacement of 4 fender booms and repairs to mooring were made during the fiscal year by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $4,434 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced June 1919, and is about 47 percent complete. A chan. nel 12 feet deep at low lake level and least width of 150 feet has been excavated throughout the length of the improvement, except at the Elbow, where the width is 110 feet. Fender booms have been placed at the Elbow (Putts Leap and Putts Rock) and opposite the Delaware & Hudson railroad trestle. No fender booms appear to be needed at the Narrows near Dresden, Pulpit Point, and Cedar Mountain. The 363037-55-vol. 2- 7 96 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 controlling depths at low lake level, as disclosed by surveys made in June 1952, and July 1953, through the reach included in the project, were as follows: Depth Width Locality (feet) (feet) Whitehall to the Elbow- ..-- ...----------- ------------------------------------ 12 150-270 At the Elbow -_ _.... . ..............-------------------- ...--------- 12 110 From the Elbow to Maple Bend-------------------------------------------- 12 100-150 From Maple Bend to Red Rock Bay .. .... ...---------------------------------------- 12 120 ------------------------------------- From Red Rock Bay to Benson Landing................................ 12 110 The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of widening the channel throughout its length to the project width of 200 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $859,120-- $566,811 for new work and $292,309 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated......... ------------ ------------ ------------------------ ------------ $681, 811 ................ Cost_-------------------------- ..... ---------------- ------------ ------------ 681,811 Maintenance: Appropriated_ ___. -$41 $3, 200 $386 - ..... ,_- $4, 232 311, 515 ----------------- Cost_ 42, 649 740 2, 046 $4, 186 4, 434 311, 449 1Includes $115,000 for new work and $19,140 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------$1, 573, 000 16. NEW YORK HARBOR: ENTRANCE CHANNELS AND ANCHORAGE AREAS Location. The works included under the above title are in the upper and lower bays, New York Harbor. The harbor is 330 miles southwest by water of Boston Harbor, Mass., and 165 miles north- east of the entrance to Delaware Bay, N. J. and Del. The upper bay extends southerly from the junction of Hudson and East Rivers opposite the Battery, New York City, a distance of about 51/2 miles to the Narrows. The lower bay extends from the Narrows to the sea, a distance of about 9 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369.) Existing project. This provides for the Ambrose Channel 45 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide, extending from the sea to deep water in the lower bay, length about 10.2 miles; for Anchorage Channel, an extension of Ambrose Channel, with the same depth and width, in the upper bay, opposite the anchorage grounds, length about 5.7 miles; for Bayside-Gedney Channel 35 feet deep and 800 feet wide, extending from the sea to the junction with Main Ship Channel, length about 6.2 miles; for Main Ship Channel 30 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, extending from Bayside-Gedney Channel to deep water in the RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 97 lower bay, length about 5.3 miles; for the removal of Craven Shoal to a depth of 30 feet; for a channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and about 2.3 miles long, extending from bell buoy 23 to Hoffman and Swinburne Islands, for an irregularly triangular-shaped anchorage area in the southerly half of Red Hook Flats (approximately 442 acres in extent), 40 and 30 feet deep; an anchorage in the vicinity of Liberty (Bedloe) Island (about 160 acres in extent) 20 feet deep, and for a channel along the New Jersey pierhead line connecting Kill Van Kull with deep water in Anchorage Channel, south of the Liberty Island anchorage, 20 feet deep for a width of 500 feet with widening at bends to 800 feet and a length of about 3 miles. The project depths refer to mean low water. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $17,669,000. The latest (1954) 'approved estimate for annual cost of mainTenance is $462,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 5, 1884- Main Ship-Bayside-Gedney to 30 feet for width of Annual Reports, 1887, p. 62, and 1,000 feet (dimensions fixed by Secretary of War, 1888, p. 63. Dec. 27, 1886, by authority of the act of Aug. 5, 1886). Mar. 3,1899_ Ambrose Channel (East Channel) to 40 feet..--------- H. Doc. 159, 55th Cong., 3d sess. (Annual Report 1899, p. 1279). June 25,1910. Maintenance of entrance channel under 1 head ..-- Aug. 8, 1917_ Anchorage Channel, the extension of Ambrose Chan- H. Doec. 518, 63d Cong., 2d sess. nel into Upper Bay. Do....... Removal of Craven Shoal___-_____ ______-__- H. Doe. 557, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Do....------ Channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and H. Doe. 625, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Swinburne Islands. July 3, 1930_ Relocation of southerly section of Anchorage Channel_. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 18, 71st Cong., 2d sess. 1 Aug. 30, 1935. Dredging south end of Red Hook Flats, Liberty H. Doe. 183, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Island Anchorage, and channel along New Jersey pierhead line. 1 Do....... Deepening Bayside-Gedney Channel to 35 feet for a H. Doe. 133, 74th Cong., 1st sess. width of 800 feet. Aug. 26, 1937. Deepening Ambrose and Anchorage Channels to 45 Senate committee 1 print, 75th feet for a width of 2,000 feet. Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contain latest published maps. Terminal facilities. The harbor consists of Upper Bay and Lower Bay. In the Upper Bay there are 48 terminals with a total berthage of 73,276 feet. In addition there are 6 car-float (railroad) bridges and 3 ferry terminals consisting of 7 slips. These terminals are located along the westerly shore of the bay, from St. George, Staten Island, to the Narrows and from Constable Hook, Bayonne, to Ellis Island. The terminals along the Brooklyn waterfront are reported under Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels. The Lower Bay is largely undeveloped, the terminals being confined to Gravesend Bay where there are 8 terminals with a total berthage of 13,233 feet. Of the ter- minals in the harbor, 46 are equipped with mechanical-handling devices, and 34 have railroad connections. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for present commerce. 98 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons and attendant plant were employed inter- mittently from August 9, 1953, to May 17, 1954, in dredging to restore the Main Ship Channel to its authorized project dimensions. During the fiscal year final costs of $2,634 were reported for maintenance. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons and attendant plant were employed intermittently from August 2, 1954, to August 27, 1954, in dredging to restore the Bayside-Gedney and Ambrose Chan- nels to their authorized dimensions. During the fiscal year 54,000 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $25,822 including $157 for preliminary engineering and predredging surveys for maintenance. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was employed inter- mittently from September 14, 1954, to October 1, 1954, in dredging to restore the Red Hook Flats Anchorage to its authorized dimensions. During the fiscal year 1,123,200 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $292,598 including $630 for pre- liminary engineering and predredging surveys for maintenance. The cost of condition surveys was $4,714 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $325,768 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced in 1885 and is about 95 percent complete. Main Ship and Bayside-Gedney Channels were completed to a depth of 30 feet in February 1891. The deepening of Bayside-Gedney Channel to 35 feet for a width of 800 feet was completed in June 1939. Ambrose Channel was completed to a depth of 40 feet for a width of 2,000 feet in April 1914, and was substantially completed to a depth of 45 feet for a width of 2,000 feet in 1951. Relocation of Anchorage Channel was completed to a depth of 40 feet in October 1932. The center 800 feet was dredged to 45 feet in June 1947, and the westerly 600-foot strip in April 1948. The easterly 600-foot strip was substantially completed in June 1953. The channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swinbuirne Islands was completed in December 1920, up to within 300 feet of the southerly limits of the project. The dredged channel meets all the needs of navigation and no further work of improvement is con- templated for the present. The channel along the New Jersey pierhead line from Kill Van Kull to Anchorage Channel was completed in March 1939. Widening at bends near the southerly and northerly ends authorized in 1948 has not yet been done. The Red Hook Flats anchorage was completed to 40 and 30 feet and the Liberty (Bedloe) Island anchorage was completed to 20 feet in October 1944. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels included in this project are as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEFW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 99 Section Depth Width Date (feet) (feet) Ambrose Channel.....--------------------------- 44 1,000 to 2,000 .-...--. March to May 1954. Main Ship Channel_________________________ 30 1,000- _ February to June 1954. Bayside-Gedney Channel_..___________ __... 35 750 to 800 _----------June to October 1954. Anchorage Channel_________________________ 45 2.000------------- April 1951 to June 1953. Craven Shoal___ 1 30 ------------------- July 1931. Channel between Staten Island and Hoff- man and Swinburne Islands: Buoy 23 to Hoffman Island____________ 13 100 to 200 ..----------November 1943. Hoffman Island to Swinburne Island ..-. 10 120 to 200 ........ Do. Red Hook Flats Anchorage: 40-foot area_ . . _ ._ . 38 __-------------- May-October 1954. 30-foot area----------------------------- 35 --------------------- Do. Liberty (Bedloe) Island Anchorage -....... _ 2 20 ------------------- January 1950. Along New Jersey pierhead line--------------- 19 500 to 200 ......---------- February to March 1948. 1 Except for a shoal 100 by 600 feet with least depth of 27 feet located along westerly channel line. 2 Except for scattered shoals along the westerly side having a minimum depth of 12 feet. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of widening the existing 500-foot channel along the New Jersey pier- head line to 800 feet at the southerly and northerly bends. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $21,286,- 037-$16,656,895 for new work, including $116,530 applied to remov- ing wrecks authorized by acts prior to the adoption of the existing project, and $4,629,142 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--_.---. $350, 000 $400, 000 $482, 000 -$1, 068 ------------- $16,656, 895 Cost .... __ 470, 733 309, 326 480, 503 429 ------------ 16, 656, 895 Maintenance: Appropriated ......... 5, 000 134, 394 17, 000 450, 640 $324,163 4, 632, 652 Cost ....------------------ 5, 903 18, 177 119, 516 458, 509 325, 768 4, 629, 142 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ____ ---- ----- $1, 012, 000 17. NEW YORK HARBOR-COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF DRIFT Location. This project applies to the Lower and Upper Bays, New York Harbor; East River, Harlem River, Hudson River Channel, N. Y., New York and New Jersey Channels, Newark Bay, N. J., and their tributaries. Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift from New York Harbor and its tributarywaters, and authorizes the Secretary of War to allot such amounts as may be necessary for the work from appropriations for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works or other available appropriations, and that this work shall be carried as a separate and distinct project. It is wholly a work of maintenance. The purpose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of obstruction, and no advance estimate of the amount of work required and its proper cost can be made. 100 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $380,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4,1915 Allotment from appropriations made for New York Aug. 8,1917 Harbor and its immediate tributaries may be used for collection and removal of drift in these water- ways. July 3,1930 Carrying on this work as a separate and distinct project. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. drift collector Driftmaster, steam lighter Gorham, motor tenders Daly and Stanwix and auxiliary plant were assigned to the work of removing and dis- posing of drift when not employed on other work. There were re- moved and disposed of during the fiscal year 500,569 cubic feet (3,911 cords) of driftwood, ranging in size from small blocks to timbers of large dimensions, including piles and pieces of wreckage. The cost of this work was $322,752 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is one of con- tinuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Navigation has been made safer by the continual patrol of the harbor and the removal of large quantities of drift material. The total cost of operations to June 30, 1955, amounted to $5,057,908 for maintenance. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- $295, 300 $304, 500 $237, 225 $266, 000 $323, 500 $5, 058, 688 Cost.----------------- 295, 850 301, 688 240, 907 267, 561 322, 752 5, 057, 908 18. NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY CHANNELS Location. These channels extend from deepwater northwest of Sandy Hook, through lower New York Bay and Raritan Bay, to Perth Amboy, and thence through Arthur Kill, lower Newark Bay, and Kill Van Kull to deepwater in upper New York Bay. This route is located approximately along the boundary line between the States of New York and New Jersey. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Charts Nos. 285, 286, and 369.) Previous projects. a. Raritan Bay. Adopted by River and Har- bor Acts of March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, and June 3, 1896. b. Staten Island Sound. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, March 3, 1875, June 14, 1880, August 11, 1888, May 15, 1889, and October 20, 1890, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, and March 4, 1913. c. New York and New Jersey channels. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of September 22, 1922. For further details, see page RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 101 284 of the Annual Report for 1923, and page 194 of the Annual Re- port for 1934. Existing project. This provides for a channel through lower New York Bay, Raritan Bay, Arthur Kill, lower Newark Bay, and Kill Van Kull to upper New York Bay, the depth to be 37 feet in rock and 35 feet in soft material throughout, the width to be 600 feet across Lower New York Bay and Raritan Bay and in the Arthur Kill to a point 1,000 feet north of Smith Creek, widened to 800 feet in the vicinities of Seguine Point and Wards Point, respectively, thence 500 feet wide to a point 1,000 feet south of Piles Creek, thence 500 to 600 feet wide and passing north of Shooters Island and protected by a dike on its northern side to the junction of the channel into Newark Bay; and thence 800 feet wide through Kill Van Kull to upper New York Bay; with 2 anchorages 38 feet deep to accomodate 5 vessels each, 1 in the vicinity of Sandy Hook and 1 south of Perth Amboy, all with suitable easing at the bends and junctions. Length of section included in project, 30.8 miles. In addition, the construction of a dike north of Shooters Island and two secondary channels 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide, one south of Shooters Island and the other in Raritan Bay connecting with Raritan River, have been completed under previous projects and are maintained under the existing project. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean range of tides varies between 4.7 and 5.1 feet; the mean range of spring tides, 5.6 to 6.1 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pres- sure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 6.9 feet above mean high water. The estimaite of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $60,707,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $7,712 contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1954, is $568,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 6,19331 Anchorage off Perth Amboy to 33 feet-,-------.-- Rivers and Harbors Committee Aug. 30,1935 Doc. 17, 71st Cong., 2d sess. May 28,19352 Channel 35 feet deep from lower bay to upper bay, H. Doc. 133, 74th Cong., 1st sess.* Aug. 30,1935 except between vicinity of Smith Creek and vicinity of Piles Creek to 30 feet with anchorages 38 feet deep at Sandy Hook and Perth Amboy. May 17,1950 Channel 35 feet deep from vicinity of Smith Creek to H. Doc. 233, 81st Cong., 1st sess. vicinity of Piles Creek. 1 Public Works Administration. 2 Emergency Relief Act of 1935. 3 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Work under the acts of May 28, 1935, and August 30, 1935, is subject to the following conditions of local cooperation: a. That where the project channel encroaches upon upland prop- erty and extends shoreward of harbor lines, the completion of the encroaching portions of the project shall be deferred until the nec- essary rights-of-way for channel purposes shall have been granted free of cost to the United States; and 102 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 b. That local interests provide areas of land adjacent to the water- way, free of cost to the United States, for the disposal of dredged materials, except where, in the judgment of the Chief of Engineers, no suitable disposal areas exist. Under condition a, a portion of Buckwheat Island necessary for channel purposes has been ceded to the United States. An easement dated August 4, 1942, approved by the Chief of Engineers on Sep- tember 5, 1942, conveyed to the United States, free of cost, rights-of- way for channel purposes at Howland Hook, Staten Island, N. Y. Condition b is being complied with. Authority was granted by the Chief of Engineers on November 11, 1935, to require local interests to provide areas for the disposal of dredged material only in the sec- tion of the waterway extending from the vicinity of Outerbridge Crossing at Perth Amboy to the vicinity of the channel north of Shooters Island. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests shall: a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project. c. Deepen the approaches and berths at the terminals which would use the recommended improvement in order to secure the full ad- vantages of the deeper channel. Assurances of compliance with the above conditions were accepted by the Secretary of the Army on March 4, 1954. Terminal facilities. There are 187 terminals with a total berth- age of 119,916 feet. In addition, there are 7 ferry landings, and 2 car-float (railroad) bridges. Of the terminals, 101 are equipped with mechanical-handling devices, and 80 have railroad connections. Included in the terminals are five large shipyards. Five of the ter- minals with a berthage of 1,693 feet are not used for waterborne commerce. Two of the terminals have marine railways. The facil- ities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging overburden to a depth of 35 feet in Arthur Kill between the limits of Grasselli and Tremley Point (section 4, Area 1), work was commenced April 13, 1954, and completed August 15, 1954. Dur- ing the fiscal year 296,018 cubic yards, place measurement, of mate- rial were removed at a cost of $169,649 for new work. Under a contract for the removal of ledge rock and other material to a depth of 37 feet in section 4, rock area 2, opposite Grasselli, work was commenced May 10, 1955, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 112,500 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $347,346 for new work, including $20,507, for engineering and design. Under a contract for dredging overburden to a depth of 35 feet in Arthur Kill between the limits of Tremley Point and the southerly end of Lakes Island (section 4, area 3) work was commenced June 10, 1954, and was completed January 27, 1955. During the fiscal year RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 103 438,937 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $461,451 for new work. Under a contract for the removal of ledge rock and other material to a depth of 37 feet in section 4, rock area 5, in the east half of the channel, south of Prall's Island, work was commenced December 1, 1954, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 113,100 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $851,473 for new work, including $8,526 for engineering and design. Engineering and design was performed during the fiscal year for removal of ledge rock and other material to a depth of 37 feet in sec- tion 4, rock area 9, in the east half of the channel, in the vicinity of Lakes Island at a cost of $14,346 for new work. Under a contract for the removal of ledge rock and other material to a depth of 37 feet in section 4, rock area 16, in the westerly half of the channel on the south side of the entrance to Rahway River, work was commenced March 29, 1955, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 34,304 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $321,827 for new work, including $17,072 for engineering and design. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons and attendant plant were em- ployed intermittently from August 2, 1954, to August 15, 1954, in dredging a portion of the channel in lower New York Bay west of the junction with Main Ship Channel to its authorized depth. During the fiscal year 75,900 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $30,544 for maintenance, including $105 for en- gineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 35 feet in the channel north of Shooters Island, work on spillway was commenced June 2, 1955, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. No dredg- ing work was performed during the fiscal year. The cost of engi- neering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys was $6,858 for maintenance. The cost of condition surveys was $5,084 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $2,208,578-$2,166,092 for new work and $42,486 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced October 1933, and is about 73 percent complete. Work completed thus far has consisted of providing project depth of 35 feet in soft material and 37 feet in rock, 600 feet wide, through lower New York Bay, Raritan Bay, and Arthur Kill to a point 1,000 feet north of Smith Creek, except in the vicinity of Seguine Point, where the width is 400 feet, the channel for full width from 1,000 feet south of Buckwheat Island through Kill Van Kull to upper New York Bay; and of providing depths of 37 and 25 feet in Perth Amboy Anchorage. In addition to the above-mentioned work, the construction of a dike north of Shooters Island, two secondary channels 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide, one south of Shooters Island, the other in Raritan Bay connecting with Raritan River and a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Arthur Kill from a point 1,000 feet north of Smith Creek to 1,000 feet south of Buckwheat Island have been completed under previous projects. 104 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The controlling mean low water depths of the channel included in the project are as follows: Section Depth Width Date (feet) (feet) From Main Ship Channel to Wards Point ---------------- __ 35 March-October, 1954. 550-800 From Wards Point to Sewaren -_ 34 March-April, 1954. 550-600 From Sewaren to south of Lakes Island .....------------------- 31 June 1951-April 1954. 300-500 From south of Lakes Island to Piles Creek----------------................ 31 September 1954-Febru- 400-500 ary 1955. From Piles Creek to Elizabethport----------------------- 35 500-600 June to August 1949. From Elizabethport to Bergen Point---------------------- 32 600-800 February 1955. From Bergen Point to Upper New York Bay-------------..... 35 800 March 1944 to Jan. 1949. Channel south of Shooters Island _------------------------ 30 400 March-May, 1953. Anchorage in the vicinity of Sandy Hook---------------- 21 ---------........ April 1951. Anchorage south of Perth Amboy--..------------------- 37 and 25 July 1953. .........---------- Channel in Raritan Bay connecting with Raritan River._ 28 200-400 April 1951. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of completing the deepening and widening of the entire channel to dimensions authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1935, and May 17, 1950, and dredging the anchorage in the vicinity of Sandy Hook. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Cost New work Maintenance Total Regular funds_ __----------------------------------- $35, 730,993 $2,757,449 $38,488,442 Public works funds ---------------------------------- 807, 000 ---------------- 807,000 Emergency relief funds. -- - ----...-. - -- -- -- 2, 023, 308 -------------- 2, 023, 308 Total United States funds ....---------------------- 38, 561,301 2, 757, 449 41,318,750 Contributed funds ....... ------------------------------------ 7, 712 7, 712 Total, all funds........------------------------------ 38, 569, 013 2, 757, 449 41, 326, 462 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 8 New work: Appropriated-....... $2, 665, 000 $1, 414, 000 $894, 000 $965, 000 $2, 000, 000 $51, 572, 085 Cost_ --------------- 1, 295, 694 1, 800, 124 1, 753, 917 636, 867 2, 166, 092 51, 371, 276 Maintenance: Appropriated..--------- 860, 540 290, 200 377, 686 158, 324 448,446 4,330,502 Cost-----------------415, 394 708, 030 383, 641 185, 170 42, 486 3, 917, 829 I Includes $12,809,975 for new work and $1,160,235 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $7,712 for new work was expended from contributed funds. $ Includes $6,621 for new work and $1,621 for maintenance of Lemon Creek, Staten Island, N Y. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ........ $69, 757 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 3, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --------------------------------------- 3, 069, 757 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - -- - - - 18, 945,000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 105 19. RARITAN RIVER, N. J. Location. This river rises in the north central part of New Jer- sey and flows in a general southeasterly direction into Raritan Bay, betweeh Perth Amboy and South Amboy, about 24 miles by water south of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 375). Previous projects. A survey of Raritan River for the improve- ment of New Brunswick Harbor was made in 1836. Subsequent projects were adopted by acts of June 18, 1878, and March 3, 1881. For further details, see page 1777 of Annual Report for 1915, page 359 of Annual Report for 1918, and page 259 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide extending from the turn in New York and New Jersey Channels near Great Beds Light to the Government wharf on the main channel, a distance of 5.8 miles widened to 600 feet for a length of 1,000 feet opposite the wharf to form a turning basin of same depth; thence a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Washington Canal, a distance of 3.0 miles; thence 10 feet deep in soft material, 11 feet deep in rock, and generally 100 feet wide with widening at bends to the Delaware and Raritan Canal entrance at New Brunswick, a distance of 5 miles; and for a south channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the junction with the main channel at Keasby to the upper limit of the Titanium Pigment Co. property, a distance of 0.8 mile; thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide to the upper junction with the main channel at Crab Island, a distance of 2.4 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean range of tides is 5.1 feet at the mouth of the river and 5.6 feet at New Brunswick; mean range of spring tides, 6.1 and 6.6 feet, respectively. Irregular fluc- tuations due to winds and barometric pressure vary from 3.6 feet below mean low water up to 6.9 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed portion of the project, consisting of the channels described above, except for the upper 1,300 feet of the south channel, was $1,171,000, exclusive of amounts ex- pended on previous projects and exclusive of $66,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $247,000. The dredging of the south channel to a depth of 10 feet and 150 feet wide for a length of 1,300 feet to the upper junction with the main channel at Crab Island is considered to be inactive and is ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $86,000. 106 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 Channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Washington H. Doc.1341, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Canal, thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide to canal locks and 10 feet deep through south channel.' July 3, 1930 Channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide up to New H. Doe. 127, 70th Cong., 1st sess. York & Long Branch R R. bridge. Do....... Channel 10 feet deep in earth and 11 feet in rock to H. Doc. 454, 70th Cong., 2d sess.2 New Brunswick. Width reduced to 100 feet. Do....... Relocation of lower reach of south channel----------........... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 31, 71st Cong., 2d sess.2 Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide to junction of Rivers and Harbors Committee main and south channels, thence of same depth in Doc. 74, 74th Cong., 2d sess.2 south channel to Titanium Pigment Co. Oct. 17,1940 Channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from junction Report on file in the Office, Chief of main and south channels to the Government of Engineers (report not printed). wharf, including a turning basin. 1Upper 1,300 feet of South Channel, 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide is considered inactive. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish spoil-disposal areas for the maintenance of the 25-foot channel from New York & Long Branch Railroad bridge to junction of main and south channels, and in the south channel to the Titanium Pigment Co. property. Terminal facilities. There are 13 piers and bulkheads with a total berthage of 8,549 feet along the shores of Raritan River. The Gov- ernment has established a large ammunition and storage depot and arsenal know as Raritan Arsenal on the river. One of the terminals is municipally owned and is leased to private interests. Nine of the terminals are equipped with mechanical-handling devices and 10 have railroad connections. In addition, there is a boatyard with stor- age space for 100 craft. The terminals are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging in South Channel to a depth of 25 feet and in Main Channel, opposite Raritan Arsenal, to a depth of 18 feet, work was commenced November 23, 1954, and completed February 18, 1955. During the fiscal year 294,155 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $159,766, including $1,464 for engineering preliminary to dredging and-predredging surveys. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced September 1919, and is about 96 percent complete. The main channel has been dredged 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the junction with New York and New Jersey Channels to and including a turning basin of the same depth opposite the Government wharf, except for a shoal along the northerly channel line in the vi- cinity of the Victory Bridge, thence 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the mouth of the Washington Canal, thence 10 and 11 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the Delaware & Raritan Canal outlet locks at New Brunswick. The south channel has been dredged 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide for a distance of 3,200 feet, thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide for a distance of 12,400 feet to within 1,300 feet of the junction with the main channel at Crab Island. The model study of Raritan River was completed in March 1952. RIVERS AND HARBORS NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 107 The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Depth Width Section Depth (feet) Width (feet) Date In main channel from New York and New Jersey chan- 25 300-170 April-November 1953. nels to junction with the south channel. * From south channel junction to lower end of Government 17 300 April 1953-January 1955. wharf. From lower end of Government wharf to upper end of 17 300 December 1954. Government wharf. Turning Basin, opposite Government wharf-_ . . 9 200-300 May 1951-November 1952 From upper end of Government wharf to the Washington 15 100-200 July 1946-July 1947. Canal. From Washington Canal to the Delaware & Raritan Canal 10 40--100 July 1946. lock at New Brunswick. In south channel to upper limit of Titanium Pigment dock_ 27 300 December 1954. From upper limit of Titanium Pigment Co. dock to 9 150-50 December 1950. Crossman's dock. From Cressman's dock to junction with main channel 1 100-150 July 1947. opposite Crab Island. The work remaining to be done under the existing project is the dredging of the south channel to a depth of 10 feet and 150 feet wide for a length of 1,300 feet to the upper junction with the main channel at Crab Island, and the removal of a shoal along the northerly channel line in the vicinity of the Victory Bridge. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $3,719,781, $878,315 from regular funds, $292,685 from Ordnance funds, and $66,000 from contributed funds, a total of $1,237,000 for new work, and $2,482,781 from United States funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 2 New work: Appropriated .........----------------------------------.. ........... ------------.. ------------ $1, 551,470 Cost ..------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 1, 551, 470 Maintenance: Appropriated ........--------- $99, 472 $119, 953 $133, 863 $213, 216 $157, 454 2, 594, 200 Cost---------------- 104, 787 116,802 138,826 212, 278 159, 766 2, 594, 200 1 Includes $673,155 for new work and $111,419 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $292,685 for new work was expended from Ordnance funds and $66,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project- -----___-------- - $86, 000 20. RARITAN RIVER TO ARTHUR KILL CUTOFF CHANNEL, N. J. Location. This channel is in the western portion of Raritan Bay, off Perth Amboy, and about 23 miles by water southwest of the Bat- tery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 286.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 1 mile long, 20 feet deep at mean low water, and 800 feet wide, connecting the Raritan River channel with the southern end of the Arthur Kill channel, New York and New Jersey Channels project. Mean tidal range, 5.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 6.1 feet; irregular fluctuations due 108 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARVY, 1955 to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.6 feet below mean low water up to 6.9 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $810,500. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $82,000. The existing project was authorized by the Public Works Adminis- tration under date of September 6, 1933, and by River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 50, 73d Cong., 1st sess.), which document contains latest published maps. Terminal facilities. There are 7 piers with a total available berth- age of 2,671 feet, and 1 ferry slip. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to restore project depth of 20 feet, work was commenced January 24, 1955, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 190,500 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $145,390 including $1,758 for engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1935. When examined in April 1953 and September 1954 the con- trolling mean low water depth through the channel was 15 feet for a width of 800 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $1,- 926,388--$810,500 public works funds for new work and $1,115,888 regular funds for maintenance. Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ...--------------------------- ---------------------------------- $810, 500 ----------------- Cost_ -------------------------------------- ----------- 810, 500 Maintenance: Appropriated..------ $344, 198- - .- -$1, 000 -$217, 500 1, 188, 695 Cost_ .- - - 344,198------------ . 303- - -- - 145,390 1,115,888 21. SHREWSBURY RIVER, N. J. Location; This river is mainly a large tidal basin in the eastern part of New Jersey, the outlet being at the southeast end of Sandy Hook Bay, about 4 miles south from the point of Sandy Hook. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 824.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 30, 1852, March 3, 1871, March 3, 1879, modified in 1883 and 1887, and by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919. For fur- ther details, see page 1778 of Annual Report of 1915, page 373 of Annual Report of 1918, and page 267 of Annual Report of 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide, following the westerly shore, from deepwater in Sandy Hook Bay to a point 600 feet south of the railroad bridge at High- lands, a distance of 2.2 miles; then 9 feet deep and generally 150 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 109 wide, suitably widened at bends and turns, in the south branch of the river to the Branchport Avenue Bridge in the city of Long Branch, a distance of, 6.8 miles; and for a channel in the north branch 6 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the junction to Red Bank, a distance of 6.1 miles; a turning basin and anchorage in the vicinity of Red Bank, 6 feet deep and about 19 acres in area; a channel in Claypit Creek, 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 6-foot curve in the north branch to the head of the creek, a distance of about 1.0 mile; a channel in Oceanport Creek, 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 2 miles long from the channel in south branch to the New York and Long Branch Railroad Bridge; and for a channel in Little Silver Creek, 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 1.6 miles long from the channel in south branch to the Seven Bridge Road Bridge. All depths refer to the plane of local mean low water. The mean range of tide at Highlands is 3.8 feet; at Seabright, 1.7 feet; at Branchport, 1.7 feet; and at Red Bank, 3 feet. Mean range of spring tides is 4.7, 2.1, 2.2, and 3.6 feet, respectively. Irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 1.7 feet below mean low water up to 6.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, was $1,011,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $36,311 funds already contributed and $86,000 to be contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1954, is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 Channel 6 feet deep in North Branch_-------------- H. Doc. 1296, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 .......... Channel 12 feet deep--------......-.-____ H. Doc. 157, 71st Cong.. 2d sess. Do-....... Channel 9 feet deep_--..-.-...--.....--.---....-----. Rivers and Harbors Committee, Doc. 31, 74th Cong., 1st sess. May 17,1950 Turning basin and anchorage 6 feet deep at Red H. Doc. 285, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Bank, and channels 6 feet deep in Claypit, Ocean- (contains latest published map). port, and Little Silver Creeks. Local cooperation. 'The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests shall: a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construc- tion, and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the improvement. c. Provide and maintain a suitable public wharf on each of the creeks to be improved, which shall be open to all on equal terms. d. Remove at their own expense the Locust Avenue Bridge over Claypit Creek. e. Make cash contributions of $25,000, $33,000, and $27,500 toward the cost of improvement of Claypit, Oceanport, and Little Silver Creeks, respectively. Provided further that construction of any unit of the proposed im- provement may be undertaken independently of the other units when the required local cooperation has been provided. 110 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 These conditions have not been fulfilled. The requirements under prior acts have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 33 terminals with a total berthage of 7,986 feet located on the waterway. Eight of the terminals with a total berthage of 1,000 feet are open to the public. In addition, many private pleasure boat landings have been constructed by owners of riverfront estates. Fifteen boatyards with storage space for 670 craft and equipped with 21 marine railways are available. None of the terminals has direct rail connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. derrick boat Babcock was employed from June 8, 1955, to June 30, 1955, in restor- ing portions of the channel to project depth of 9 feet. During the fiscal year 4,200 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $19,980 for maintenance. Cost of reconnaissance and condition survey performed during the year was $4,275 for maintenance. The total cost of the work was $24,255 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced October 1919, and is about 57 percent complete. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels included in the project are as follows: Section Depth (feet) WidthDate (feet)Date From Sandy Hook Bay to 600 feet south of railroad bridge 11.0 300-120 September 1950 to June at Highlands, N. J. 1954. From 600 feet south of railroad bridge at Highlands, N. J., 9. 0 150-100 May-June 1954. to junction of north and south branches. From junction of north and south branches to Branchport 6.5 150-80 May-June 1950 to March Ave. bridge at Long Branch, N. J. 1955. NORTH BRANCH Junction with main channel to City Dock at Red Bank, 6.0 150-100 May-June 1950 to April N. J. 1955. From City Dock to head of project opposite Maple Ave., 4. 5 150 May-June 1950. Red Bank, N. J. Anchorage and turning basin at Red Bank, N. J....----------- 3. 0 400 September 1947. Claypit Creek from mouth to Locust Avenue Bridge .. 1. 4 100 Do. Oceanport Creek, from junction with suth branch to 1.6 100 Do. New York and Long Branch Railroad Bridge. Little Silver Creek, from junction with south branch to 0. 8 100 Do. Seven Bridge Road. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of dredging the turning basin and anchorage in the vicinity of Red Bank, and the channels in Claypit, Oceanport, and Little Silver Creeks as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $825,414- $466,563 for new work and $358,851 for maintenance. In addition, the costs from contributed funds were $36,311 for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS---NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 111 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 123 New work: Appropriated--------.........------------..............-------------------------...........--....------------............ $687, 457 Cost----------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ 687, 457 Maintenance: - Appropriated......... -$16, 010 -----------------------... $2, 500 $23, 402 645, 457 Cost---- ------------ 76, 774 -----------............ ..----------- 1,647 24, 255 645, 457 1 Includes $220,894 for new work and $286,606 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $36,311 for new work was expended from contributed funds. S Exclusive of $86,000 to be contributed by local interests. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------ 3 $544, 000 22. SUPERVISION OF NEW YORK HARBOR The laws enacted for the preservation of the tidal waters of New York Harbor, its adjacent or tributary waters, and the waters of Long Island Sound are administered by the Supervisor of New York Harbor. The Supervisor is charged under the laws with the duties of preventing any obstructive or injurious deposits in the waters under his jurisdiction and the prevention of any interference with safe navigation of the channels of the harbor by deep-draft vessels. The laws relating to the supervision of New York Harbor are the Act of Congress:approved June 29, 1888 (25 Stat. 209), as amended by section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894 (28 Stat. 360), section 8 of the River and Harbor Act of May 28, 1908 (35 Stat. 424, 426), Act of February 16, 1909 (35 Stat. 623), and Act of July 12, 1952 (66 Stat. 596) ; section 2 of the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894 (28 Stat. 360); and Act of Congress approved June 7, 1924 (Oil Pollution Act, 43 Stat. 604). Supervision was exercised by means of the U. S. Patrol Boats Active and San Luis II, three patrol launches and shore patrol and inspection. Patrols were maintained to insure that no obstructive or injurious material was deposited at places other than the designated dumping grounds; to keep the main channels free of any interference to their safe navigation by deep-draft vessels; and to prevent the discharge into navigable waters of waste oil and sludge, rubbish, and other types of debris. The total cost of all work during the fiscal year, including the cost of operating the vessels and the work of the office for the supervision of New York Harbor to June 30, 1955, was $249,448. Summary of legal actions. The disposition of legal actions to the end of the fiscal year for violations of Act of June 29, 1888, as amended, and the Oil Pollution Act of 1924, is as follows: Number of cases reported to U. S. attorney for prosecution: Prior to fiscal year 1955----------- --------------------------- 1736 During fiscal year 1955----------------------------------- ------ 32 Total- ----------------------------- 1768 363037-55-vol. 2-8 112 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Number of convictions obtained or cases settled by compromise: Prior to fiscal year 1955------------------------------- ------ 1212 During fiscal year 1955- __------------------------------------- 23 Total-- ----------------------------------------------- 1235 Number of cases nolle prossed or discontinued: Prior to fiscal year 1955--------------------------------- 443 During fiscal year 1955----------------------------- ---------- 1 Total-------------------- ------------------------------ 444 Number of cases dismissed after trial: Prior to fiscal year 1955 -------------------------------------- 58 During fiscal year 1955--- 0-------------- Total--------------------------------------------------- 58 Number of cases pending June 30, 1955----------------------------- 31 Grand total -------------------------------------------- 1768 Summary of deposits. The amounts of material in cubic yards dis- posed of under the supervision of the Supervisor of New York Harbor since 1890, are as follows: Material deposited at the mouth of the harbor: From 1890 to 1954------------------------ ---------- 848, 643, 285 Fiscal year 1955: By United States seagoing hopper dredges from Anchorage Channel, Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channel, Buttermilk Channel, Hudson River Channel and Raritan Bay Channel ---------------- 3, 122, 360 Operations by the United States under contract in maintenance and improve- ment of waterways--------_ --------- 1, 529, 198 Other than United States operations_ 7, 788, 965 12 4401 523 861, 083, 808 Material deposited on shore, or behind bulkheads or dikes: From 1890 to 1954_._ _ --------- .. 520j 851, 153 Fiscal year 1955: Operations by the United States under contract in maintenance and improve- ment of waterways- _-------------- 1, 443, 188 Other than United States operations .. 21, 689, 054 23, 132, 242 543, 983, 395 Material deposited in Hudson River at various dumping grounds: Fiom 1907 to 1954_----------------------- 33, 469, 505 Fiscal year 1955- ---------------------- -- 216, 000 33, 685, 505 Material deposited in Long Island Sound, Fishers Island Sound Block Island Sound and Little Narragansett B ay: From 1890 to 1954----------------------- 94, 779, 392 Fiscal year 1955 -------------------------- 1, 397, 549 96. 176. 941 Grand total 1, 534, 929, 649 All material deposited 1890 to 1954 _ . _1, 497, 743, 335 All material deposited fiscal year 1955_ 37,186,314 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 113 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $432, 059 $470, 914 $315, 955 $388, 000 $250, 000 $11, 340, 361 Cost-. -------------- 433, 370 342, 310 457, 494 386, 240 249, 448 11, 340, 361 23. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 Esimated full report, amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and main- complete for- tenance 1. Port Chester Harbor, N. Y. (active) .__... __ 1953 1 $433,470 1$140, 729 (2) Port Chester Harbor, N. Y. (inactive) ....... 1953 8 s3$93, 000 2. Mamaroneck Harbor, N. Y __ 1952 4 a 207, 404 4 55, 475 (2) 3. Larchmont Harbor, N. Y____ 1916 6 76, 065 211 (2) 4. Echo Bay Harbor, N. Y- 1953 7 64, 584 7 7,171 (2) 5. New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y ____ 1949 873, 214 22, 030 (2) 6. East Chester Creek, N. Y__.__________.___ __ 1953 9 10 592, 057 10 380, 232 11665, 000 7. Bronx River, N. Y.55 (active)___ 1953 121 1, 149, 946 13 366, 212 (2) Bronx River, N. Y.55 (inactive)_ _- 1953 3299, 000 8. Harbor at Flushing Bay, N. Y.55 (inactive) __ 1953 14628, 502 14210,365 3710, 000 9. Manhasset Bay, N. Y.54 (inactive) - 10. Hempstead Harbor, N. Y______________ ---- 1948 1953 39, 468 460 1668, 134 S15172, 000 (2) 11. Glen Cove Harbor, N. Y. (inactive)_ .... 1911 72, 000 3 1, 038, 000 12. Glen Cove Creek, N. Y. (inactive)---... - 1953 1729,760 is29,.522 81970, 000 13. Huntington Harbor, N. Y_______ 1953 a0 71, 535. 51, 556 112165, 000 14. Port Jefferson Harbor, N. Y. (inactive) ...... 1954 22171, 427 11,272 S2 1, 119, 000 15. Greenport Harbor, N. Y_ 1953 74, 681 18, 464 (2) 16. Peconic River, N. Y___-___ _____ 1953 25, 000 108, 388 (2) 17. Sag Harbor, N. Y ----...--.................. 1953 121, 805 241,766 (2) 18. Browns Creek, N. Y.55 (inactive)...-........ 1951 33, 976 92, 507 3 447, 000 19. Orowoc Creek, N. Y.54._. ___. ....... 1949 112554, 000 20. Sumpawanus (Babylon Creek) Inlet, N. Y.55_ 1895 7,000 (2) 21. Jamaica Bay, N. Y___________________________ 1954 26 4, 307, 772 26125, 378 11864, 000 22. Sheepshead Bay, N. Y______ 1948 2733, 828 3, 763 (2) 23. Coney Island Channel, N. Y ______________ 1954 111, 371 28 219, 142 (2) 24. Coney Island Creek, N. Y_ 1952 69, 489 1, 622 3 206, 000 25. G ow anu s C reek C hannel, N . Y . .. .____.. .. 1954 29346, 831 73,631 (2) 26. East River, N. Y______________ 1954 3030, 037, 413 so934,910 (2) 27. Wallabout Channel, N. Y -, ... ________ ... __ 1953 18,174- .35, 295 (2) 28. Newtown Creek, N: Y_________ _________..__ 1953 311, 168, 354 3132917, 780 3 583, 000 29. Harlem River, N. Y________________ 4 1954 333, 616, 119 272, 557 (2) 30. Irvington Harbor, N. y.5 (inactive) ....... 1948 360 3 63, 000 31. Tarrytown Harbor, N. Y _...__ ... .._ ........ 1951 69, 836 57, 944 (2) 32. Peekskill Harbor, N. Y .. ____ ______ __ __ 1951 19, 400 59, 808 (2) 33. W appinger Creek, N. Y _____________.. . . ___ 1950 13, 000 43, 026 (2) 34. Rondout Harbor, N. Y ._______________. ___ 1954 123, 109 212,153 (2) 35. Saugerties Harbor, N. Y.58 1949 3481, 905 34 86,294 (2) 36. Ticonderoga River, N. Y.55 (inactive) .. - -- 1895 16, 500 ...-......... 3 383, 000 37. Port Henry Harbor, N. Y___ _____________ 1931 36 69, 406 1,253 (2) 38. Otter Creek, Vt.55 56 (inactive)____ 1950 60, 254 7,619 3 143, 000 39. Burlington Harbor, Vt ____.__. ._____.____ 1954 706, 414 86282,307 (2) 40. Gordons Landing, Lake Champlain, Vt .- - 1892 34,750 (2) 41. Plattsburg Harbor, N. Y___ 1953 198, 415 -102,452, (2) 42. Chamnl between North and South Hero Islands, Lake Champlain Vt. . 1909 3731, 000 (2) 43. St. Albans Harbor, Lake Champlain, Vt -_ 1917 3, 125 (2) 44. Swanton Harbor, Vt.55 (inactive) ....... ,__ 1888 70, 500 8 2,010, 000 45. Rouses Point, Lake Champlain, N. Y ____ ... 1895 98, 468 (2) 46. Great Chazy River, N. Y ___________ 1895 18, 000 (2) 47. Newark Bay, Hackensack and Passaic Rivers, N. J. (active)_ 1954 3839 10,773,280 3a4, 900, 472 11 o40 2,030,000 Newark Bay, Hackensack and Passaic Rivers, N. J. (inactive) _...._ -------------------- 1954 3 1,183, 000 48. Elizabeth River, N. J.54 (inactive) ....... 1953 41 60,481 59,391 3 190,000 49. Rahway River, N. J.54 1949 4237, 000 307 11200, 000 50. Woodbridge Creek, N. J_________ 1953 43 49,823 177,673 (2) See footnotes at end of table. 114 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, I955 For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report, Esimated- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 51. Lemon Creek, S. I., N. Y.54(inactive) ------ 1937 44$6, 621 $1, 621 a$200, 000, 52. Great Kills Harbor, N. Y------------------ 1954 137, 302 39, 110 (2) 53. Washington Canal and South River, N. J____ 1953 4546206, 116 48208, 941 (2) 54. Cheesequake Creek, N. J.58 (inactive) ...-------- 1953 40, 000 26, 152 8333, 000 55. Matawan Creek, N. J.ae(inactive) ------------ __ 1953 21, 000 73, 964 3 24, 000 56. Keyport Harbor, N. J.5 ------- 153 40, 475 174, 755 (2) 57. Way Cake Creek, N. J.54 s8- - 194 ......... .. 11|126, 000 58. Shoal Harbor & Compton Creek, N. J 1953 4747,282 47323, 151 114849 187, 00( 59. Sandy Hopk Bay at Leonardo, N. J.54 ... 1950 1189, 000 60. Sandy Hook Bay, N. J________________ 1952 50508, 936 61. Shark River, N. J________________________ 1953 150, 000 5251144,2, 070 165 (2) (2) 1Includes $74,995 for new work and'$16,369 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Completed. 3 Estimated amount required to complete, revised in 1954. Includes $80,724 for new work and $13,415 for maintenance for previous projects. 5In addition, $18,728 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 6 Includes $5,000 for new work for previous projects. 7 Includes $47,368 for new work and $10 for maintenance for previous projects. 8Includes $43,175 for new work for previous projects. 9 In addition, $14,403 for new work was expended from contributed funds for previous projects. o0Includes $592,057 for new work and $380,232 for maintenance for previous projects. 11Estimated amount required to complete, revised in 1955. 12In addition, $10,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 13Includes $69,036 for new work and $26,921 for maintenance for previous projects. 14Includes $238,873 for new work and $206,411 for maintenance for previous projects. 15In addition, $50,000 to be contributed by local interests, but not forthcoming. 18 Costs of $35 were incurred during 1955 on a condition survey. 17In addition, $29,774 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 18Costs of $414 were incurred during 1955 on a condition survey. 19 Exclusive of $70,000, to be contributed by local interests. 20 Includes $22,500 for new work for previous projects. In addition, $19,546 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 21 Exclusive of $31,454, to be contributed by local interests. 22 Includes $80,200 for new work for previous projects. 23 Exclusive of $57,000, to be contributed by local interests. 24 Costs of $500 were incurred duriiig 1955 on a condition survey. 25In addition, $15,200, to be contributed by local interests. 28Includes $79,332 for new work and $2,961 for maintenance for previous projects. 27Includes $26,000 for new work for previous projects. 28 Costs of $104 were incurred during 1955 on a condition survey. 29Includes $75,000 for new work for previous projects. s0Includes $6,187,694 for new work and $37,664 for maintenance for previous projects. 31Includes $401,261 for new work and $421,817 for maintenance for previous projects. 32Costs of $189 were incurred during 1955 on a condition survey. 83Includes $21,000 for new work for previous projects. 34Includes $42,000 for new work and $15,000 for maintenance for previous projects. s5In addition, $10,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 8aCosts of $583 were incurred during 1955 on a study. a7Includes $21,000 for new work for previous projects. asIn addition, $285,600 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 28Includes $1,755,321 for new work and $1,138,368 for maintenance for previous projects. 3 40 Newark-Bay and lack sack River deepenin& authorized by River and Harbor Act "of September , 1954. 41 Includes $60,481 for new work and $58,791 for maintenance for previous projects. 42 Includes $37,000 for new work for previous projects. 43 Includes $19,000 fOr new work for previous projects. 44 These amounts also included in report for New York and New Jersey Channels. No work has been done on the existing project for Lemon Creek. 45In addition, $365 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 48Includes $157,224 for new work and $84,934 for maintenance for previous projects. 47 Includes $17,000 for new work and $169,709 for maintenance for previous projects. 48 Includes 12-foot channel authorized by River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. 49 Exclusive of $138,000 to be contributed by local interests. a0In addition, $53,790 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 51 Costs of $800 were incurred during 1955 on a condition survey. atCosts of $849 were incurred during 1955 on a condition survey. s Exclusive of $5,500 to be contributed. 54Awaiting local cooperation. asImprovement adequate for commerce. 58 No commerce reported. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 115 24. HOOSICK FALLS, HOOSIC RIVER BASIN, N. Y. Location. The Hoosic River rises in northwestern Massachusetts, flows generally north and northwest, crossing the southwest corner of Vermont to the vicinity of Eagle Bridge, N. Y., where it turns west and joins the Hudson River about 16 miles above Troy, N. Y. It is 66 miles long and has a drainage area of 713 square miles. Hoosick Falls, N. Y., is situated on the Hoosic River about 26 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey map covering Hoosick, N. Y.-Vt. quadrangle.) Existing project. This provides for channel widening for 3,300 feet, for removal of White Dam and channel excavation for 700 feet, and for construction of earth levees and concrete walls on both banks of the river. The principal structures involved are reinforced con- crete floodwalls approximately 900 feet in length on the right bank and 700 feet in length on the left bank, an earth levee approximately 2,400 feet in length along the right bank, an emergency outlet section in the right bank floodwall, relocation of Woods Brook in a concrete flume, and interior drainage structures. The current estimated Federal cost for new work (1955) is $1,070,000, exclusive of land and other work to be provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $96,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 182, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which con- tains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operation and results during fiscal year. Preparation of final en- gineering reports was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The cost for engineering was $52 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction work under the exist- ing project was commenced on May 28, 1950, and completed on June 6, 1952. Final engineering reports remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $1,042,657 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.....---------. $500, 000 $206, 000 -$47, 852 ..... _ $1, 052, 148 Cost_--------------514, 939 430, 128 16, 856 $2, 674 $52 1, 042, 657 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $9, 491 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------------- 9, 491 25. NORTH ADAMS, HOOSIC RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The Hoosic River rises in northwestern Massachusetts, flows generally north and northwest, crossing the southwest corner of Vermont to the vicinity of Eagle Bridge, N. Y., where it turns 116 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 west and joins the Hudson River about 16 miles above Troy, N. Y. It is 66 miles long and has a drainage area of 713 square miles. North A dams, Mass., is situated on the Hoosic River about 14 miles below the source of the river. (See U. S. Geological Survey map covering Greylock, Mass.-Vt., quadrangle.) Existing project. This project provides for local channel improve- ment which would extend through the entire city for a distance of 9,100 feet along the North Branch, 8,100 feet along the South Branch, and 12,100 feet along the main stream downstream from the junction and including Braytonville. On the North Branch the improvements would consist of a debris basin above the Eclipse Dam; closure walls at the proposed New Hoosac Cotton Mill Dam and a rectangular paved concrete chute. On the South Branch, the improvements would consist of a closure levee with a check dam and stilling basin; raising of the Boston & Albany Railroad track; a new trapezoidal earth chan- nel with levee; an improved trapezoidal and rectangular earth chan- nel with levee and walls; and a rectangular paved concrete chute. At the junction, the improvements would consist of a rectangular concrete chute to a drop structure and stilling basin below Brown Street; closure levees; and rock-paved and improved earth channels. At Braytonville the improvements would consist of a rock-paved trape- zoidal channel; a levee; an improved trapezoidal channel with levee; and a new dam and stilling basin with closure levee. Other work appurtenant to the project would involve bridge reconstruction and approaches; street and utlity relocations; interior drainage; and mis- cellaneous alteration, construction, and demolition works. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1955) is $16,200,000, exclusive of land and other work to be provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $2,150,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 182, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which con- tains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will insure against future encroachments upon the flood channels to be provided by the improvements. General assurances of local coopera- tion in the entire project were executed by the mayor of North Adams on December 15, 1949. The assurances were approved on March 3, 1950. In accordance with a law enacted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1950, the State Department of Public Works on No- vember 21, 1950, furnished general assurances of local cooperation on the part of the State in the project, with the exception of operation and maintenance of the project within the city of North Adams which remains a responsibility of the city under assurances previously fur- nished by the city of North Adams. Lands, easements, and rights- of-way for the first and second units of construction were acquired by local interests on March 9, 1950, and March 27, 1952, respectively. Ac- quisition of lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the third unit of construction is in progress. Local interests contributed $54,000 on June 9, 1950; $55,000 on June 17, 1952; $4,000 on October 6, 1952; FLOOD CONTROIr--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 117 and $900 on December 2, 1952, a total of $113,900 for local work in connection with the first and second units of construction. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of contract plans and specifications was in progress and model tests were com- pleted for the third unit of construction involving channel excavation and concrete chute upstream of the second unit for 600 feet on the South Branch and 5,350 feet on the North Branch. The cost for pre- liminary engineering was $1,403 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Contract plans and specifications for the first and second units of construction and model studies for the first, second, and third units have been completed. Construction work under the existing project was commenced on July 31, 1950, and is about 8 percent complete. The first unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation, drop structure and stilling basin, concrete walls and paving downstream from Brown Street Bridge below the junction of North and South Branches, was completed on May 29, 1952. The second unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation, and con- struction of concrete chute, concrete walls, and bridge abutments from Brown Street Bridge upstream to the junction of the North and South Branches, was completed on December 3, 1952. Preparation of plans and specifications, model studies, and the construction of protective works for the remainder of the project remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, exclusive of $108,753 contributed funds, was $1,213,332 for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated -------- $350, 000 $400, 000 (1)1 $1, 183, 000 Cost_------_ --------- 187, 214 459, 554 $378,845 $30, 315 $1,403 1, 213, 332 1 Exclusive of $32,000 borrowed. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------- $1, 668 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 750, 000 Unobligated balances available for suceeding fiecal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------- 751, 668 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__________________ --- __ 14, 267, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Contributed ---------- $54, 000 .- -$59, . 900- -.. $113, 900 Cost................. 36, 708 $11, 978 60, 067 108,753 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _______ -__ $5, 147 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------------5, 147 118 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 26. ADAMS, HOOSIC RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The Hoosic River rises in northwestern Massachusetts, flows generally north and northwest, crossing the southwest corner of Vermont to the vicinity of Eagle Bridge, N. Y., where it turns west and joins the Hudson River about 16 miles above Troy, N. Y. It is 66 miles long and has a drainage area of 713 square miles. Adams, Mass., is situated on the Hoosic River about 6 miles below the source of the river. (See U. S. Geological Survey map covering Greylock, Mass.-Vt., quadrangle.) Existing project. This provides for channel improvements for a distance of approximately 2.2 miles, with floodwalls on both banks of the stream from high ground below Plunkett Dam to a proposed weir above Commercial Street; a concrete paved chute or flume from this weir to a proposed stilling basin above the mouth of the Tophet Brook and below Hoosac Street; an improved earth channel with floodwalls, earth levees, a closure levee and structure and two check dams from the mouth of Tophet Brook to Lime Street; and a con- crete chute drop structure and stilling basin on Tophet Brook from Hoosac Street to junction with Hoosic River. Other work appur- tenant to the project involves alteration of existing raceways, bridge reconstruction, street and utility relocations, and channel improve- ment of tributary brooks. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1955) is $5,580,000, exclusive of land and other work to be provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $910,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 182,, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will insure against future encroachments upon the flood channels to be provided by the improvements. General assurances of local coopera- tion in the entire project were executed by the Board of Selectmen, town of Adams, on November 22, 1949. The assurances were ap- proved on January 31, 1950. In accordance with a law enacted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1950, the State Department of Public Works on November 21, 1950, furnished general assurances of local cooperation on the part of the State in the project, with the exception of operation and maintenance of the project in the town of Adams which remains a responsibility of the town under assur- ances previously furnished by the town of Adams. Lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way for the first, second, and third units of construction were acquired by local interests on March 29, 1950, March 27, 1952, and August 13, 1954, respectively. Acquisition of lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the fourth and fifth units of construction is in progress. The sum of $11,200 was contributed by local interests on June 1, 1950, for local utility relocation and bridge abutments accomplished under the first unit of construction. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 119 Operations and results during fiscal year. Contract plans and spe- cifications for the fourth and fifth units of construction, the re- mainder of the project, were completed. A contract was awarded for the third unit of the project, involving channel excavation and con- struction of concrete walls from the downstream end of the first unit for a distance of about 800 feet. During the fiscal year, 18,200 cubic yards of material were excavated, and 878 cubic yards of concrete and 274 cubic yards of fill were placed. Preparation of reports on model tests for the fourth unit of con- struction involving channel excavation and concrete chute from below Hoosac Street to the upstream limit of the project was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The cost was $135,195 for engineering and design, $18,759 for supervision and administration, and $163,913 for construction, a total of $317,867 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing proj- ect was commenced on June 23, 1950, and is about 19 percent com- plete. The first unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation and paving, construction of a drop structure and stilling basin and concrete walls in the middle portion of the project downstream from Hoosac Street and Tophet Brook from its mouth to Mill Street was completed April 3, 1952. The second unit of construction, con- sisting of channel excavation and paving and construction of concrete walls on Tophet Brook from Mill Street to Hoosac Street, was com- pleted on November 20, 1952. The third unit of construction, con- sisting of channel excavation and construction of concrete walls, from Murray Street downstream to the vicinity of Cook Street, was initi- ated on November 22, 1954. Preparation of engineering reports, in- cluding those for model studies, and the construction of protective works for the remainder of the project remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, exclusive of $10,725 con- tributed funds, was $1,171,351 for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1.955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ........ $245, 000 $225, 000 _- $560, 000 $1, 404, 000 Cost----------------- 376, 180 213, 447 $160, 250 $45, 070 317, 867 1, 171, 351 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_---------- $63, 584 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ 1, 900, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------------- 1,963, 584 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------------ 2, 276, 000 120 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal.years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Contributed.......... $11, 200 -------- $11, 200 Cost------.........------......... 359 $10, 366 -10, 725 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------- $475 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------------------ 475 27. SOUTHERN NEW YORK FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT Location. The work covered by this project is in the upper water- shed of the Susquehanna River to and including the Chemung River. This includes about 6,050 square miles in south central New York, and about 1,480 square miles in northern Pennsylvania. (See U. S. Geological Survey index maps of New York and Pennsylvania.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, authorized the construction of detention reservoirs and related flood control works for protection of Binghamton, Hornell, Corning, and other towns in New York and Pennsylvania, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers on recommendation of Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, was modified by the acts approved June 28, 1938; August 18, 1941; December 22, 1944; and May 17, 1950. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, modified the local flood protec- tion plan as originally authorized for Corning, N. Y., to provide for flood protection on Monkey Run. The individual units which constitute the approved plan of im- provement are described in the following paragraphs: Davenport Center Reservoir: This reservoir will be located on Charlotte Creek near Davenport Center, N. Y. The dam will be of the earth-filled type, 3,400 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 100 feet above the stream bed, with a concrete spillway in the right abutment and the outlet conduit in the valley floor. The reservoir will provide a storage capacity of 52,500 acre-feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $12,100,000, of which $8,510,000 is for construction and $3,590,000 is for lands and damages. West Oneonta Reservoir: This reservoir will be located on Otego Creek near West Oneonta, N. Y. The dam will be of the earth-filled type, 1,200 feet long at the top of the main embankment and rising 86 feet above the stream bed, with a concrete spillway and outlet con- duit in the right abutment. The main embankment will be joined at the left abutment by a low dike, 6,700 feet in length. The reservoir will provide a storage capacity of 34,500 acre-feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $12,500,000, of which $9,696,000 is for construction and $2,804,000 is for lands and damages. FLOOD CONTROL---NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 121 East Sidney Reservoir: This reservoir is located on Ouleout Creek near East Sidney, N. Y. The dam is of the concrete gravity and earth-filled type, 2,010 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 128 feet above the stream bed, and 146 feet above firm rock, with five gate controlled outlets in the spillway section of the dam; 750 feet of the dam, including the spillway, is concrete gravity section and 1,250 feet is rolled-earth embankment. The reservoir provides a stor- age capacity of 33,494 acre-feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $5,879,000 of which $5,269,000 is for construc- tion and $610,000 is for lands and damages. Copes Corner Reservoir: This reservoir will be located on Butter- nut Creek near Copes Corner, N. Y. The dam will be of the earth- filled type, 1,150 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 75 feet above the stream bed, with a concrete spillway and outlet con- duit in the right abutment. The reservoir will provide a storage capacity of 37,900 acre-feet. The reservoir project is to be restudied; the Federal cost of new work was last revised in 1954, and was esti- mated to be $14,100,000, of which $11,443,000 is for construction and $2,657,000 is for lands and damages. Whitney Point Reservoir: The reservoir is located on the Otselic River near Whitney Point, N. Y. The dam is of the earth-filled type, 4,900 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 95 feet above the stream bed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the left abutment. The reservoir has a storage capacity of 86,440 acre-feet. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1953, was $5,075,000, of which $3,978,533 was for construction and $1,096,- 467 was for lands and damages. Arkport Reservoir: The reservoir is located on the Canisteo River near Hornell, N. Y. The dam is of the earth-filled type, 1,200 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 113 feet above the stream bed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the right abutment. The reservoir has a storage capacity of 7,900 acre-feet. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $1,910,000, of which $1,777,732 was for construction and $132,268 was for lands and damages. Almond Reservoir: This reservoir is located on Canacadea Creek near Hornell, N. Y. The dam is of the earth-filled type, 1,260 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 90 feet above the bed of the stream, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the left abut- ment. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 14,800 acre-feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $5,551,000, of which $4,594,500 is for construction and $956,500 is for lands and damages. Oxford, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees and the clearing of the Chenango River chan- nel, consisting of the following features: About 2,100 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Chenango River, extending from high ground near Cemetery Drive and running mostly along the railroad to high ground near Main Street; removal of the dam and island below Main Street; raising of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad over the levee; and appurtenant closure and drainage struc- tures. The improvement provides protection for the village of Ox- 122 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 ford on the left bank against a flood discharge substantially larger than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $131,000, of which $96,944 was for construction and $34,056 was for lands. The esti- mated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1952, is $11,000. Lisle, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel re- alinement and the construction of earth levees and concrete flood- walls, consisting of the following features: Relocation of about 3,000 feet of the Dudley Creek channel, extending from 1,200 feet west of the intersection of Cortland and Main Streets to the confluence with Tioughnioga River, realinement of some 5,700 feet of the Tioughnioga River channel east of the village; about 4,150 feet of earth levee and 970 feet of concrete wall on the right bank of Dudley Creek and the Tioughnioga River; realinement of some 5,700 feet of the Tioughnioga Street to the railroad crossing on River Street; raising of about 1,860 feet of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western single-track railroad over the levee; relocation of about 1,600 feet of Cortland Street; a new bridge over the relocated Dudley Creek; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement provides protection for the village of Lisle against flood discharges 20 percent greater on the Tioughnioga River and about 100 percent greater on Dudley Creek than the cor- responding discharges of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1954, was $661,199, of which $605,000 was for construction and $56,199 was for lands and damages. Whitney Point, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and construction of earth levees, consisting of the following features: Realinement of about 1,800 feet of the Tiough- nioga River channel, above the confluence with the Otselic River; about 7,100 feet of earth levee along the right bank of the Tioughnioga River, extending from high ground on Main Street above the village to Collins Street just below the village; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by the Whitney Point Reservoir above the area, provides protection for the village of Whit- ney Point against a flood discharge approximately 20 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $424,096, of which $411,653 was for construction and $12,443 was for lands and damages. The estimated local costs of lands and damages, revised in 1952, is $100,500. Binghamton, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the construction of earth levees, concrete floodwalls, and appurtenant drainage structures, consisting of the following features: About 850 feet of channel excavation and about 1,375 feet of earth levee along Phelps Creek, town of Port Dickinson; new concrete wall on the right bank of the Chenango River, extending downstream from high ground near the city limits to the existing floodwall below DeForest Street, a distance of about 520 feet; about 150 feet of concrete wall just below Cutler Dam; about 180 feet of concrete wall at the pumphouse near McDonald Avenue; raising the existing earth levees on the right bank of the Chenango River, extending from Cutler Dam downstream for a distance of about 1,220 feet; about 2,915 feet of earth levee on the FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 123 left bank of the Chenango River north of the city limits in the village of Port Dickinson, extending from Church Street to high ground just north of the city line; about 3,900 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Chenango River, extending from DeForest Street to Cutler Dam; new concrete floodwalls and riverbank revetment for a distance of about 5,570 feet extending on the left bank of the Chen- ango River from Cutler Dam to the junction with the Susquehanna River; about 540 feet of new concrete floodwall and raising about 1,085 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of the Susquehanna River, extending from the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad downstream to the Tompkins Street Bridge; about 1,940 feet of earth levee; about 1,940 feet of concrete floodwall; and capping about 125 feet of concrete floodwall, on the right bank of the Susquehanna River from Stuyvesent Street to the mouth of the Chenango River; about 8,380 feet of earth levee; about 2,180 feet of new concrete floodwall and raising about 125 feet of existing floodwall on the left bank of the Susquehanna River extending from Pierce Creek to high ground at State Highway No. 17; a debris dam and flume between Corbett and Hotchkiss Streets and a concrete pressure conduit, 1,060 feet long, to carry the flow of Park Creek from Vestal Avenue to the Susquehanna River; about'665 feet of levee extending from the Erie Railroad to high ground along the right bank of Chamberlain Creek near the mouth; closure structures at the Erie Railroad and at Court Street; a weir, a drop structure, and about 1,800 feet of earth levee, about 2.235 feet of channel excavation; about 645 feet of channel paving, and raising about 470 feet of existing concrete floodwall and about 200 feet of new concrete floodwall for the improvement of Pierce Creek from its mouth to about 1,000 feet above Conklin Avenue; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by authorized flood control dams above the area, will provide protection for the city of Binghamton against a flood dis- charge approximately 20 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935 on the Chenango River and in March 1936 on the Susquehanna River. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1953, was $2,952,000, of which $2,844,682 was for construction and $107,318 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $720,000. Local interests have contributed an additional amount of $163,095.63 for the construction of improvements not included in the authorized project. Elmira, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the construc- tion of earth levees, concrete floodwalls, a concrete conduit, and a pumping station, and consists of the following features: About 17,700 feet of earth levee, and about 4,100 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of Chemung River, extending from South Hoffman Street to a point below the city near the upper end of Big Island; about 12,100 feet of earth levee and about 6,300 feet of concrete wall on the left bank of the Chemung River extending from Durland Avenue to the Dela- ware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad at the mouth of Newton Creek; about 10,000 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Newton Creek, extending from about the intersection of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad and East Church Street to high ground near the intersection of Sullivan and Warren Streets; about 4,300 feet of earth 124 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 levee on the right bank of Diven Creek; about 2,000 feet of concrete conduit enclosing Hoffman Brook from West Second Street to the Chemung River; clearing islands and river banks of trees and brush for a distance of about 31/2 miles in the Chemung River; about 14,300 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Seely Creek, extending from the Erie Railroad to the high ground approximately 1,000 feet northwest of the intersection of South Broadway and Pennsylvania Avenue; a pumping plant for the disposal of interior drainage; an interceptor sewer about 6,000 feet long, varying in size from 48 to 96 inches in diameter; and appurtenant structures. The improvement provides protection for the city of Elmira against a Chemung River discharge approximately equal to that of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $6,745,000, of which $6,596,000 is for construction and $149,000 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $981,000. Corning, N. Y.: Flood protection for this community was originally authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1936. The plan of improve- ment provides for the construction of a pumping station, earth levees, and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following features: About 4,300 feet of earth levee, enlargement of about 8,610 feet of existing earth levee, and about 3,100 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of Chemung River, extending from the Erie Railroad bridge to high ground at Park Avenue below the city; about 200 feet of concrete floodwalls; about 2,500 feet of earth levees, and enlargement of about 11,500 feet of existing earth levee on the left bank of the Chemung and Cohocton Rivers, extending from the Erie Railroad bridge over the Cohocton River to the mouth of Post Creek; about 2,500 feet of earth levee and enlargement of about 4,700 feet of existing earth levee on the right bank of Post Creek from its mouth to Watkins Street; realinement of about 3,000 feet of channel, about 8,800 feet of earth levee, about 3,000 feet of channel excavation, a pressure conduit about 400 feet long, a drop structure and a weir for the improvement of Cutler Creek, extending from its mouth to high ground at Decker- town Road and Hornby Road; and appurtenant drainage structures. Flood protection on Monkey Run was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1950. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of 2,010 feet of open flume, 2,320 feet of pressure conduit, storm sewers and appurtenant facilities between the existing improved channel above Sixth Street and the Chemung River at a point immediately east of Pine Street East. The modified improvement will provide protection for the city of Corning against a flood discharge in the Chemung River approximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946, and on tributary streams against floods of greater magnitude than known to date. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $3,350,000, of which $3,192,000 is for construction and $158,000 is for lands and damages. The esti- mated local cost, revised in 1955, is $1,020,000, of which $770,000 is for lands and damages and $250,000 is for construction of a portion of the protection on Monkey Run. Painted Post, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel realinement and the construction of earth levees and concrete FLOOD CONTROL---NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 125 floodwalls, consisting of the following features: Realinement of about 6,000 feet of the Cohocton River Channel, extending from about one-half mile above State Highway Route No. 17 to the Chemung River; construction of about 2,500 feet of earth levee and raising of about 1,200 feet of existing floodwall along the left bank of the Cohoc- ton River, extending from the mouth of Hodgman Creek to the Chemung River; about 2,900 feet of earth levee, and about 2,100 feet of concrete floodwall, extending on the left bank of Hodgman Creek, from its mouth to high ground above State Highway No. 2; and ap- purtenant drainage structures. The improvement provides protec- tion for the village of Painted Post against a flood discharge approx- imately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $414,181, of which $402,948 was for construction and $11,233 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages,. revised in 1951, is $55,000. Addison, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following features: Construction of about 3,100 feet of earth levee and about 700 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of the Canisteo River, extending from high ground on Steuben Street near the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad to the mouth of Tuscarora Creek; removal of existing dam, mill, and raceway, from the channel; con- struction of about 2,200 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Tusca- rora Creek, extending from Tuscarora Street to the Canisteo River; construction of 4,600 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Tuscarora Creek, extending from high ground at the southwest edge of the vil- lage to high ground at the southeast edge of the village; and appur- tenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by the Arkport and Almond Reservoirs above the area, provides protection for the village of Addison against a flood discharge on the Canisteo River approximately 28 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. Protection is provided on Tuscarora Creek against a flood discharge approximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $827,050, of which $814,236 was for construction and $12,814 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $125,500. Bath, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the construc- tion of earth levees and concrete floodwalls along the Cohocton River,. consisting of the following features: Construction of about 10,400 feet of earth levee and about 1,250 feet of concrete floodwall, extend- ing from above Cameron Street to below the turnout of the Bath & Hammondsport Railroad; including about 600 feet of cutoff levee be- tween the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad and U. S. High- way No. 15; three stop-log structures across railroad tracks; a sandbag opening at Cameron Street; and a sill across the Delaware, Lack- awanna & Western Railroad tracks below Cameron Street; and ap- purtenant drainage structures. The improvement provides protec- tion for the village of Bath against a flood discharge approximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $638,331 for 126 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 construction. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $56,700. Avoca, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees, channel improvement, and channel realine- ment, consisting of the following features: Improvement and realine- ment of about 8,300 feet of the Cohocton River channel, extending from above the Erie Railroad to below the junction of Main Street and U. S. Highway No. 15; construction of about 8,500 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Cohocton River, extending from high ground above Alexander Avenue to about 1,300 feet below the junc- tion of Main Street and U. S. Highway No. 15; about 4,500 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Salmon Creek, extending from high ground above Alexander Avenue to the Erie Railroad; a new high- way bridge for U. S. Highway No. 15 over the Cohocton River; rais- ing of the Erie Railroad bridge 4 feet; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement provides protection for the village of Avoca against a flood discharge approximately double the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $436,374, of which $406,589 was for construction and $29,785 was for lands and damages. The esti- mated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1953, is $69,300. Canisteo, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees, consisting of the following features: About 8,000 feet of earth levees on the right bank of the Canisteo River, extending from high ground 1,570 feet west of State Highway Route No. 21 above the village to a point at the intersection of Ordway Lane and East Main Street; about 7,400 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Purdy and Bennett Creeks, extending from Main Street Bridge to high ground above Greenwood Street; 1,000 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Bennett Creek, extending upstream from Main Street Bridge; a concrete check dam with wing levees from Greenwood Street; a new highway bridge at Greenwood Street; alter- ations to existing timber check dams in Bennett Creek; channel ex- cavation in Bennett and Purdy Creeks; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by the Arkport and Almond Reservoirs above the village, provides protection for the village of Canisteo against a flood discharge approximately 30 per- cent greater on the Canisteo River than the maximum flood of record, and on Bennett and Purdy Creeks the channel capacity will be ap- proximately equal to the discharge of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $976,000, of which $917,000 is for construction and $59,000 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $72,000. Hornell, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and the construction of earth levees, concrete flood- walls, and check dams consisting of the following features: Realine- ment of about 4,600 feet of Canisteo River channel, and about 5,800 FLOOD CONTROL----NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 127 feet of earth levee on its right bank, extending from Seneca Street upstream to the junction of the Pittsburgh, Shawmut & Northern Railroad and the Erie Railroad; construction of about 4,500 feet of earth levee, extending on both sides of Seneca Street from the Canisteo River to Wrightman Avenue and the junction of Cleveland Avenue and Bethesda Drive; construction of about 7,200 feet of earth levee, about 2,500 feet of concrete floodwall, and raising of about 1,500 feet of existing concrete floodwall, on the right bank of the Canisteo River, and about 12,000 feet of channel improvement, extending from Seneca Street to the Erie Railroad; construction of about 2,500 feet of earth levee, about 2,100 feet of concrete floodwall on the left bank of the Canisteo River, extending from a point opposite Walnut Street to the Erie Railroad; a ring-earth levee about 2,800 feet long around the sewage-disposal plant on the left bank of the Canisteo River; about 4,500 feet of realinement and improvement of the Canisteo River channel, with about 4,500 feet of earth levee on its right bank, extend- ing from Cedar Street downstream to about 1,400 feet above East Avenue; about 2,400 feet of channel paving, 1,400 feet of earth levee, raising of about 1,900 feet of concrete floodwall, and construction of one check dam on Canacadea Creek; about 1,600 feet of channel pav- ing and construction of three check dams on Chauncey Run with about 300 feet of new wall and about 300 feet of capping; a weir, a check dam, 3,030 feet of channel paving, 4,800 feet of flood walls and levees, and related work on existing walls, all on Crosby Creek; removal of 6 bridges, erection of 4 bridges, miscellaneous bridge struc- tures, and 3 drop structures; and appurtenant drainage structures and small stream control works. The improvement, supplemented by the Arkport and Almond Res- ervoirs above the area, provides protection for the city of Hornell against a flood discharge approximately double the maximum flood Df record, which occurred in July 1935. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $4,245,000, of which $3,681,000 is for construction and $564,000 is for lands and damages. Local interests raised or reconstructed three bridges over the improvement and con- tributed $15,000 towards reconstruction of a fourth bridge. Almond, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and the construction of earth levees, consisting of the following features: About 4,750 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Canacadea Creek and McHenry Valley Creek, extending from high ground above the village to high ground below the village; realine- ment of about 3,200 feet of channel on Canacadea Creek, extending downstream from Angelica Street; and appurtenant drainage struc- tures. The improvement will provide protection for the village of Almond against a flood discharge approximately equal to the maxi- mum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $385,000, of which $379,- 000 is for construction and $6,000 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1949, is $24,000. 363037-55-vol. 2 9 Dams and reservoirs1 I, Distance Estimated Federal cost above Height Reservoir Name Nearest city River mouth inefeet capacity miles acre-feet Construction Lands and damages Total T O Davenport Center....--------- Oneonta_ ------------- Charlotte Creek---------------------.................. 5 100 52, 500 $8, 510, 000 $3, 590, 000 $12, 100, 000 H West Oneonta .---------------- do--------------- Otego Creek-- -------------------- _ 2 86 34, 500 9, 696, 000 2, 804, 000 12, 500, 000 East Sidney -------------- 3 Sidney--------------- Ouleout Creek ---------------------- 4 146 33, 494 5, 269, 000 610, 000 0 5, 879, 000 Copes Corner---------------do_--------------- Butternut Creek ...-------------------- 3 75 37, 900 11, 443, 000 2, 657, 000 14, 100, 000 Whitney Point----------- Binghamton ....---------- Otselic River ..------------------------ 1 95 86, 440 3, 978, 533 1, 096, 467 5, 075, 000 Arkport 4---- __-------. Hornell__-------------- Canisteo River---------------------- 50 113 7, 900 1, 777, 732 132, 268 1, 910, 000 Almond .......--------------------... do --------------- _ Canacadea Creek ------------------- 3 90 14, 800 4, 594, 500 956, 500 5, 551, 000 O Total.........45,268,765 45, 268, 765 1146 11, 846, 235 57, 115---------------------------------- 57,115,000 C) 1 All dams are located in New York State; all are of earthfill type except East Sidney. z 2 Includes relocations. Reservoir in operation. 43 Project completed. O LJ co CA CA Local flood-protection works Distance Estimated Federal cost Location, New York River abouth Type of structure miles Constructio Lands and Total damages It Oxford 3- .. -. __ ....- Chenango__ _...... 40 Levee and channel improvement -- - $96, 944 $34, 056 $131, 000 O Lisle 1_ _ __ ___ _ Tioughnioga.............. 12 Wall, levee, and channel realinement __- 605, 000 56,199 661, 199 O Whitney Point 3........... __- do- 10 Levee and channel realinement___ -- 411, 653 12, 443 424, 096 t Binghamton 3__________ Susquehanna.........__ 328 W all, levee, and conduit. ..-......... ......... 4 2,844, 682 107, 318 4 2, 952, 000 Elmira 1 ..--- - .-- -.- Chemung ___ 27 -- do -........................---. 6, 596, 000 149, 000 6, 745, 000 Corning 2....... C .... do 44 Wall, levee, flume, and conduit ..........-.--- a3, 192, 000 158, 000 3, 350, 000 O Painted Post 3 Cohocton.._____ .__. 0 Wall, levee, and channel realinement_ - 402, 948 11, 233 414, 181 Addison a_______________ Canisteo___ 8 ... do _...-------------------------- 814, 236 12, 814 827, 050 Bath 3 --------------.---- Cohocton_______, 21 W all and levee.--............................... 638, 331 638, 331 Avoca s3 . . ... . ... _ do _ - - - - - - - - - 30 Levee, channel improvement, and realinement_ 406, 589 29, 785 436, 374 O Canisteo 1-_ . .__ .. Canisteo_-- ---........ 36 Levee and wall _............... ................ 917, 000 59, 000 976, 000 Hornell 1- 7 ------ .. - - - do__ 42 Wall, levee, and channel realinement_. - ------ 6 3, 681, 000 564, 000 6 4, 245, 000 Almond --.. .. ...... -. Canacadea Creek..... 6 Levee and channel realinement---. - 379, 000 6, 000 385, 000 i i Total ....... ......... 20, 985, 383 1, 199, 848 22, 185, 231 1 Project in operation. 5 Does not include $250,000 of construction by State of New York and $34,729 con- 2 Part of project completed. tributed funds by the city of Corning on Monkey Run. 0 3 Project complete. 6 Does not include contributed funds of $15,000 by the city of Hornell. 4 Does not include contributed funds of $160,095.63 by the city of Binghamton and 7Local cooperation withdrawn, project authorization expired May 26, 1953. $3,000 by the village of Port Dickinson. C, H H I. 130 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except as described in the following paragraphs: Local cooperation for Almond, N. Y., has been withdrawn. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, is effective, and authorization for the Almond, N. Y., project expired May 26, 1953. The Flood Control Act of 1950, which modifies the plan of improve- ment for Corning, N. Y., to include flood protection on Monkey Run, specifies, in addition to the general requirements, that local interests shall (1) restore city streets and pavements over the flume and conduit, including bridge slabs and superstructures where highways cross the flume; (2) contribute $250,000 in cash or an equivalent amount of construction or reconstruction work; (3) provide, operate, and main- tain without cost to the United States adequate pumping capacity for disposal of storm waters draining through the property of the Corning Glass Works and not intercepted by the Monkey Run improvement; and (4) protect Monkey Run from any future encroachment or ob- struction including waste disposal that would reduce its flood-carrying capacity. Formal assurances of cooperation by local interests have been furnished and accepted, as follows: Local interests will construct a portion of conduit of sufficient length to equal a cash contribution of $250,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. Davenport Center Reser- voir, New York: None. West Oneonta Reservoir, New York: None. East Sidney Reservoir, New York: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the cost of lands acquired for the project was con- tinued, by hired labor. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $27,184, of which $328 was for new work and $26,856 was for maintenance. Copes Corner Reservoir, New York: None. Whitney Point Reservoir, New York: Normal operation and main- tenance was continued by hired labor. The total costs, all for main- tenance, were $26,981. Arkport Reservoir, New York: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $8,142. Almond Reservoir, New York: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the cost of lands acquired for the project was completed by hired labor. Final engineering reports were in progress at the close of the fiscal year. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $18,150, of which $2,208 was for new work and $15,942 was for maintenance. Oxford, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $1,050. Lisle, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $5,618. Whitney Point (village), N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $2,034. Binghamton, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 131 project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for mainte- nance, were $5,680. Elmira, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the costs of lands acquired for the project was continued, by hired labor. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $8,825, of which $7,592 was for new work and $1,233 was for maintenance. Corning, N. Y. (original project) : Preparation of plans and speci- fications for installing gates on outlets at Corning, N. Y., was com- pleted, and a construction contract was awarded on May 10, 1955. Mobilization of the contractor's forces and fabrication of gate inserts was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $5,862, of which $1,002 was for new work and $4,860 was for maintenance. Corning, N. Y. (Monkey Run) : Construction of the flume, by con- tract, which was commenced in fiscal year 1954, was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. During fiscal year 1955, the major items of construction included completion of all site clearing, excavating 17,535 cubic yards of common material, removal of 953 cubic yards of concrete and masonry structures, placing 9,662 cubic yards of backfill, placing 4,368 cubic yards of concrete, and laying 406,825 pounds of steel reinforcement. Reimbursement of $31,165.26 was made to the State of New York for work accomplished on the State portion of the conduit completed in fiscal year 1954, and representing the Federal share of the conduit costs. The total costs, all for new work, were $451,350. Construction of local work involving street slabs over the flume, accomplished in conjunction with the Federal contract for the flume construction, was completed with funds provided by the City of Corning. The total costs all for new work financed by funds of the city, were $34,729. Painted Post, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for main- tenance, were $1,306. Addison, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $1,091. Avoca, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $6,834. Canisteo, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York, for the cost of lands acquired for the project was continued by hired labor. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $6,682, of which $1,616 was for new work and $5,066 was for maintenance. Hornell, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York for cost of lands acquired for the project was continued, by hired labor. Prep- aration of plans and specifications for installing gates on outlets at Hornell, N. Y. was completed, and a construction contract was awarded on May 9, 1955. Mobilization of the contractor's forces and fabrica- tion of gate inserts was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. 132 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $19,115, of which $6,160 was for new work and $12,955 was for maintenance. There were no flood producing storms of consequence in the areas protected by the Southern New York Flood Control project. Federal maintenance responsibilities were carried out as required. Local interests, where required, carried out maintenance responsibili- ties in accordance with flood control regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army, and explanatory instructions contained in the respective operation and maintenance manuals. The total costs were $595,905, of which $470,257 was for new work. and $125,648 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is approximately 52 percent complete, exclusive of the Stillwater, Genegantslet, and South Plymouth Reservoirs. The latter two reservoirs in the State of New York and the Stillwater Reservoir in the State of Pennsylvania, were authorized by the 1944 Flood Control Act to supplement the com- prehensive flood control program for southern New York and eastern Pennsylvania, and are reported separately. The cost of new work and maintenance to June 30, 1955, and the percentage of construction of new work completed for each project unit are as follows: Cost to June 30, 1955 Percentage Unit of construc- tion com- New work Maintenance pleted 1 Reservoirs: Davenport Center 2-- ---- ...........................----- __. $286, 400 ........ West Oneonta 2-. _ ........ .............-............. 189, 100 -...-. .... ..... East Sidney 3_-_______-----------------------_______ 5, 811, 025 $106, 414 100 (1950) Copes Corner 2- ...............- ....- -... .............- 160, 700 ............................ Whitney Point ..... __________.....__________________________......................... 5, 075, 000 232, 445 100 (1942) Arkport 4___-.....------_-------------- ..... .... 1, 910, 000 82, 254 100 (1939) Almond 3___..................._......................... 5, 550, 001 80, 832 100 (1949) Local flood protection: Oxford 4.... ... ... 131, 000 ..................--------------------------------- 3, 135 100 (1938) Lisle 4..................................................----------------- 661, 199 13, 713 100 (1948) Whitney Point Village 4___--__-________-_______________ 424, 096 9, 703 100 (1948) Binghamton 4 ___________________.......... ............. ......... 2, 952, 000 42, 832 100 (1943) Elm ira 3_ ____ .... ....- - -. -___.-- - - - -- __ _ .. 6, 731, 803 5, 445 100 (1950) Corning ___________________-___________________ 3, 266, 525 44, 228 97 Painted Post 4 ..... ____......--------------- ----------------- .... 414, 181 8, 410 100 (1938) Addison 4__ ... __-_..................------- ...... 827, 050 6, 481 100 (1947) Bath ..............--------------------------------------------- 638, 332 -------------- 100 (1948) Avoca 4......................--------------------------------------------436, 374 27, 865 100 (1939) Canisteo 3 .___________________ .975, ___________________ 529 34, 265 100 (1948) Hornell 3 7 ___-........................ ............ 4, 201, 844 113, 637 9100 (1941) Almond Village 2 10o_ _.... ._____________------------ 24, 622 Total ........--------------------------------------- 40, 666, 781 811, 659 .. 1 Year operationally completed indicated in parentheses. 2Cost for preliminary work only. a Operationally complete. 4 Financially complete. 5 Does not include $163,096 contributed funds. 6 Includes Monkey Run. Excludes $250,000 of construction by the State of New York and $34,729 contributed funds by the city of Coming. 7Includes Canacadea Creek, Chauncey Run, and Crosby Creek. 8 Does not include $15,000 contributed funds. F 9 All construction complete except for installation of gates on outlets. 10Local cooperation withdrawn, project authorization expired May 26, 1953. 11Does not include $178,096 contributed funds. FLOOD CONTROI-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 133 The remaining work necessary to complete the existing project is as follows: Reimburse the State of New York for the cost of land acquired for East Sidney Reservoir and for the channel improvement portions of Elmira, Canisteo and Hornell local protection units; re- imburse the State of New York for the cost of relocating telephone lines on the Hoffman Brook portion of the Elmira unit; and on Chauncey Run at Hornell; complete engineer studies, design and preparation of plans and construct the remaining project units com- prising Davenport Center, West Oneonta and Copes Corner Reser- voirs; complete construction of flood protection on the Monkey Run modification of the Corning unit and complete the installation of gates on outlets at the original Corning unit and at Hornell. The total costs were $41,478,440, of which $39,931,509 (regular funds) and $735,272 (Emergency Relief funds) were for new work and $811,659 was for maintenance. In addition $212,825 was costed from contributed funds. Cost and flnancial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ......... $556, 000 $17, 033 $484, 400 $171, 499 $233, 000 1 $40, 865.354 Cost ----------------- 871, 115 1, 134, 154 174, 257 594, 777 470, 257 1 40, 666, 781 Maintenance: Appropriated----.... -- 66, 900 85, 432 82, 955 112, 500 109, 300 813, 287 Cost-----------------................ 77, 880 79, 598 84, 341 102, 323 125, 648 811, 659 1 Includes $735,272 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unoblitated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------- $75, 873 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- ----------------------------- 75, 873 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------_-------------- - 38, 435, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: ---------- Contributed.... $15,000 - ------------- $40, 000 -$5, 271 $212, 825 Cost------------------------------------ $15, 000 -------- 34, 729 212, 825 134 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 28. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to ReportOperation required to eport Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Bennington, Hoosic River Basin, Vt.. ---. 1941 ............------------------------- 12 $1, 450, 000 2. East Barre Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt_ Jhsn__ Vetl . 1951 $82, 901------------ a 3, 667, 100 8, Endicott, Johnson City, and Vestal, N. Y (4) ..... __....._____...________ 4, 840, 000 4. Genegantslet Res., Genegantslet Creek, N. Y___________________-------_______ 1954 211, 578 .----......... 7, 828, 400 5. Lamoille River, Vt.: Johnson Gorge__-- _-- __--------------- 1939 5 49, 837 __- (6) Hardwick Dam . .................------------------------ 1939 ------------ -------- 1 2 7 153, 200 6. Proctor, Otter Creek Basin, Vt--------------1937 1127 119, 000 7. Rutland, Otter Creek, Vt_____________ __ 1952 82, 388 -______ 4, 447, 600 8. South Plymouth Reservoir, Canasawacta Creek, N. Y__ ______________________________ 1953 100, 036 - _ 8, 170, 000 9. Waterbury Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt__-_ ________________ ________________ 1951 9, 253 8 $2, 496 3 850, 700 10. W-ed Waterbury, Winooski aRiver Basin, Vt -__ 1951 _ __ 23, 300, 000 11. Waterford, Hudson, and Mohawk Rivers, N. Y_---------------------------------1939 -_- - - . - 2*1,720, 000 12. Winooski River, Vt _ 1940 4, 897, 427 -------------- (6) 13. Wrightsville Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt_________________________________ 1951 44, 640 -------------- 3 2, 615, 400 1Improvement inactive. 2 Estimate revised in 1954. 3 Estimate revised in 1955. SAuthorized by the 1954 Flood Control Act approved Sept. 3, 1954. ' Includes $23,507 Emergency Relief funds. 6 Completed. 7 Not desired by local interests. S Includes $1,002 incurred in fiscal year 1955, for scheduling of reservoir operations and preparing charts of monthly reservoir regulation. * Awaiting local cooperation. 29. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Inspections of completed local flood control works are performed periodically to determine the extent of compliance by local interests with the requirements of operation and maintenance. During the fiscal year, inspections were made of the completed works at Adams and North Adams, Mass.; Addison, Avoca, Bath, Binghamton, Canis- teo, Corning, Elmira, Greene, Hoosick Falls, Hornell, Lisle, Norwich, Owego, Painted Post, and Whitney Point Village, N. Y.; and East Barre Reservoir, Montpelier Reservoir, Waterbury Reservoir, and Wrightsville Reservoir, Vermont. The costs during the fiscal year were $588 for maintenance. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $1,688 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated$ .$.... $400 -$400 $300 $1, 400 $2, 500 Cost __-_---------.. ----- $386 414 300 588 1, 688 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955____________ $812 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------- 900 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------- 1, 712 FLOOD CONTROL--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 135 30. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Sagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year the following work was performed: Based on contract plans and specifications completed in fiscal year 1954, snagging and clearing of Dock Hill Brook, N. Y., was initiated and completed at a cost of $4,294; preparation of contract plans and specifications were completed, and snagging and clearing of Pompton River, Passaic River Watershed, N. J., was initiated and completed, at a cost of $45,839; preparation of contract plans and specifications were initiated and completed, and snagging and clearing of the Cin- cinnatus Area, Otselic River, N. Y., was initiated, at a cost of $8,188; preparation of contract plans and specifications were initiated and completed, and snagging and clearing of the Chenango River at Sherburne, N. Y., was initiated, at a cost of $12,665; and contract plans and specifications were initiated and completed, and snagging and clearing of Esopus Creek in the vicinity of Mt. Pleasant, N. Y., was initiated and completed, at a cost of $5,500, under an agreement with the State of New York for prosecution of the work by the State Department of Public Works in conjunction with the contributed portion of the project work. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $76,486 for new work. The total costs for all snagging and clearing work to June 30, 1955, were $370,233 for new work. Cost and fmancial summary 1 Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated --------- __ $14, 323 $27, 633 $28, 862 $49, 880 $68, 881 $413, 380 Cost...___________ _ 43,367 81, 696 10, 811 46, 968 76, 486 370, 233 1 Appropriation and cost data revised in fiscal year 1955 to include the projects: Port Dickinson, N. Y.; Binghamton, N. Y.; and Newton Creek at Bainbridge N. Y.; previously reported under Baltimore Dis- trict. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------- $8, 408 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------------- 8,408 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood ControlAct). During the fiscal year the following work was performed: Contract plans and specifications were initiated and completed, and clearing of channel, islands, and river banks, including excavation and bar removal at the mouth of tributary streams on the North Branch of the Susquehanna River at Conklin-Kirkwood, N. Y., was initiated, at a cost of $17,822; and pre- liminary engineering for construction of a small debris dam, approach channel and flume on Newton Creek at Bainbridge, N. Y., was initiated at a cost of $3,888. 136 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $21,710 for new work. The total costs for all work on small flood-control projects to June 30, 1955, were $196,285. 1 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------......... $60, 000 -$101, 926 -$20, 000 ...- $229, 000 $403, 575 Cost.-------------- 78, 936 27, 579 14, 744 ...------------ 21, 710 196, 285 1Appropriation and cost data revised in fiscal year 1955 to include the projects: Norwich, N. Y.; Owego, N. Y. and Birdsall Creek at Green, N. Y.; previously reported under Baltimore District. Other new work data : Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------- $161, 342 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----- ----------------------------------- 161, 342 Emergency flood control activities (Sec. 5 of the 1941 Flood Control Act, and Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year, final reports and audits in connection with wall repairs at Chauncey Run and Canacadea Creek, Hornell, N. Y., were continued at a cost of $3,030, and advance preparation for flood emergencies was made by the revision of the District Flood Emergency Manual at a cost of $3,000. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $6,030 for maintenance. The total costs for all emergency flood-control activities to June 30, 1955, were $307,788 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated---------$330, 000 -$7, 175 -$74, 782 -$20, 322 $3, 000 $307, 821 Cost.................. 33, 355 223, 263 8,663 95 6, 030 307, 788 I Appropriation and cost data revised in fiscal year 1955 to include the project: Chauncey Run and Canacadea Creek at Hornell, N. Y.; previously reported under Baltimore District. Other new work data : Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ----------- $33 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956..----- -------------------------- ------------- 33 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 137 31. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS During the fiscal year the total cost for examinations and surveys was $199,958, excluding $5,861 contributed funds for beach erosion studies. The examination and survey costs include $987 for naviga- tion studies, $5,861 for beach erosion cooperative studies, and $193,110 for special studies (New England-New York Resources Survey). The unexpended balance at the end of the fiscal year in the amount of $15,171, exclusive of $4,180 unexpended contributed funds for beach erosion cooperative studies, will be applied as follows: Navigation studies-------------------------------------------- $738 Beach erosion cooperative studies..--------------------------- 9, 780 NENYIAC resources study-------- ------------------- 4, 653 Total -------------------------------------------------- 15, 171 The additional sum of $62,800, including $28,400 for navigation studies, $15,000 for flood control studies, and $19,400 for beach erosion studies can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1956. 32. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA During the fiscal year, the total costs for collection and study of basic data were $373, all for flood investigations. The work performed during the fiscal year involved the collection and analysis of flood information at locations where formal reports have not been specifically directed by Congress. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southeastern New York, eastern Pennsylvania, western and southern New Jersey, northern and south- eastern Delaware, and a small part of northeastern Maryland em- braced in the drainage basin of the Delaware Bay and River system and those basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from Manasquan River, N. J., inclusive, to the south boundary of Delaware. It also includes the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal and the approach channel thereto in Chesapeake Bay and Elk River, Md. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Delaware River between 17. New Jersey Intracoastal Philadelphia, Pa., and Waterway 172 Trenton, N. J_ -__ _- 139 18. Other Authorized Naviga- 2. Delaware River, Pa., N. J., tion Projects_ . 175 and Del., Philadelphia, Pa., to the sea__ 143 Flood control 3. Delaware River at Camden, N. J 147 19. Bear Creek Reservoir, Le- 4. Schuylkill River above Fair- high River, Pa___ 176 mount Dam, Pa _...-. 148 20. Allentown, Lehigh River, Pa_ 176 5. Schuylkill River, Pa ....... 149 21. Other authorized flood con- 6. Wilmington Harbor, Del -- 151 trol projects .. . ..... 177 7. Inland Waterway from Dela- ware River to Chesapeake Shore protection Bay, Del. and Md ...... 154 8. Murderkill River, Del ..... 157 22. Cold Spring Inlet (Cape 9. Mispillion River, Del ------ 158 May Harbor), N. J. Shore 10. Inland Waterway between Protection Project ...... 177 Rehoboth Bay and Dela- 23. Ocean City, N. J. Shore Pro- ware Bay, Del _ - 160 tection Project-------- 178 11. Indian River Inlet and Bay, 24. Atlantic City, N. J. Shore Del-_______- 162 Protection Project ...... 180 12. Waterway from Indian River Inlet to Rehoboth Bay, General investigations Del- -_____- 164 13. Absecon Inlet, N. J--.... 165 25. Examinations and surveys__ 181 14. Tuckerton Creek, N. J ---- 167 26. Collection and study of basic 15. Barnegat Inlet, N. J ..... 168 data _ _ -- 181 16. Manasquan River, N. J ...- 169 1. DELAWARE RIVER BETWEEN PHILADELPHIA, PA., AND TRENTON, N. J. Location. This river has its source in southeastern New York, flows in a general southerly direction 367 miles, forming the boundary line between the States of New York and New Jersey on the east and 139 140 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Pennsylvania and Delaware on the west, and empties into Delaware Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1218, 280, 294, 295, and 296.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872; March 3, 1875; June 14, 1880; July 5, 1884; August 18, 1894; March 2, 1907; June 25, 1910; July 25, 1912; June 5, 1920; and March 3, 1925. For further details see page 1778 of the Annual Report for 1915, page 311 of the Annual Report for 1924, page 220 of the Annual Report for 1934, and page 296, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel from Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, to the upstream end of Newbold Island, a distance of 23.5 miles, 40 feet deep and 400 feet wide, with suitable widening of bends, including relocation of the channel at the Delair Railroad bridge, and reconstruction of the bridge; thence to the upper end of the Trenton Marine Terminal, a distance of 5.5 miles, 35 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with a turning basin 800 feet wide and 1,700 feet long at the terminal; and maintenance of a channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the upper end of the 35-foot channel to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge at Trenton, dredged under a previous project. The project also provides for an auxiliary channel 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide east of Burlington Island, extending easterly from the main channel to the upper end of the United States Pipe and Foundry Company's property at East Burlington, with a turning basin 450 feet wide at the upper end; for the initial excavation, only, of a cross channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide through the artificial island opposite Delanco, N. J.; and for constructing such bank pro- tection works as may be necessary. The total length of the section included in the project is about 301/2 miles, excluding the auxiliary channel east of Burlington Island, which is 1.4 miles long, and the cross channel opposite Delanco. The lower end is about 55 miles above the mouth of the river at Liston Point and about 105 miles above the harbor of refuge at the mouth of Delaware Bay. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at Trenton is 6.7 feet, an increase of 1.3 feet since the completion of the 25 foot channel in 1937. Freshets, which occur usually during February and March, attain a height of 9 to 20 feet above mean low water in the vicinity of Trenton. Navigation is occasionally suspended during a portion of the winter months on account of ice. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $100,290,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $15,000 con- tributed funds. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,171,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS--PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 141 Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 A channel 28 feet deep, 300 feet wide between Alle- Rivers and Harbors Committee gheny Ave., Philadelphia, Pa., and Delair bridge. Doc. 3, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug.30,1935a Deepening the channel to 25 feet from Delair bridge Rivers and Harbors Committee to Trenton, N. J., and for maintenance of the 12- Doc. 11, 73d Cong., 1st sess. foot channel from the upper end of the 25-foot project to Pennsylvania R.R. bridge at Ferry St., Trenton. Do-....... Auxiliary channel, 20 feet deep, east of Burlington Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Island. Doc. 66, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 A cross channel 8 feet deep, opposite Delanco, N. J..... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 90, 74th Cong., 2d sess. July 24,1946 Anchorage at mouth of Biles Creek ....--------------- H. Doc. 679, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3,1954 A channel 40 feet deep and 400 feet wide between Alle- H. Doc. 358, 83d Cong., 2d sess. 1 gheny Ave., Philadelphia, Pa., and the upstream end of Newbold Island, thence 35 feet deep to Trenton Marine Terminal, and widening the turn- ing basin to 800 feet. Relocation of the channel at the railroad bridge at Delair and suitable recon- struction of the bridge. Construct such bank- protection works as may be necessary; and eliminate the authorized anchorage near the mouth of Biles Creek, Pa. 1 Contains latest published maps. 8 Also Public Works Administration, September 6, 1933, and Emergency Relief Administration, May 28, 1935. Local cooperation. The modification authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act provides that local interests agree to: (a) Furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction of the project and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements; and (c) that the United States Steel Corporation agree to provide at its expense suitable terminal and transfer facilities at its Fairless plant, including a turning basin if and when required. Local interests have complied with the requirements of local cooper- ation under earlier authorizations. In compliance with the require- ments of the River and Harbor Act of 1954, the United States Steel Corporation has constructed terminal and transfer facilities at its Fairless plant. Other requirements have not been complied with; however, local interests have signified their willingness to comply. Terminal facilities. There are 22 piers, wharves, and docks within the improvement, exclusive of those within limits of city of Philadel- phia. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series No. 9-Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: Dredging of shoals between Philadelphia and Newbold Island com- menced June 15, 1955, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 85,900 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $90,291. Maintenance, hired labor: Dredging in the 25-foot channel near Tacony-Palmyra Bridge was accomplished on April 6 and 7, 1955, by U. S. hopper dredge Goethals. A total of 5,069 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was reported removed at a cost of $4,277. 142 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Other maintenance costs were: miscellaneous engineering, surveys, and channel examinations, $2,718; operation of tide gage stations, $335; and miscellaneous inspections and reports, $146, a total of $3,199. The cost of all work was $97,767 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 5 percent complete. A channel 28 feet deep and 300 feet wide from Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa., to Delair Bridge, thence a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Trenton together with the channel east of Burlington Island was completed in 1937 and the cross channel opposite Delanco in 1939. The work remaining to be done is dredging the channel 40 feet deep and 400 feet wide from Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa., to the upstream end of New- bold Island; thence a channel 35 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Tren- ton Marine Terminal and widening the turning basin at the ter- minal to 800 feet; relocation of the channel at Delair Bridge; and suitable reconstruction of the bridge. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water as follows: Minimum depth Date Section Project depth Left outside Midchannel Right out- for half proj- side quar- quarter ect width ter Feet Feet Feet Feet October 1954.__ Allegheny Ave. to Delair Bridge .-.. 40 27. 0 25. 8 26. 8 June 1955 ...- Delair Bridge to Newbold Island_ - - - 40 20. 2 22. 8 21. 7 December 1954_ Newbold Island to Trenton Marine 35 10. 0 12. 3 11. 8 Terminal. September 1953_ Trenton Marine Terminal to Pennsyl- 12 8. 2 9. 2 9. 2 vaniaRR. Bridge. April 1951... .- Channel east of Burlington Island _- - 20 16. 7 16. 7 18. 0 The total costs under the existing project were as follows: Public Works Emergency Regular Total funds Relief funds funds New work-----_.... -------------------------.... 2, 189, 956 $2, 636, 456 $363, 405 $5, 189, 817 Maintenance ----------- -------------------------------...... -------- ......----- 1, 838, 477 1, 838, 477 Total ...................------------------------------- 2, 189, 956 2, 636, 456 2, 201, 882 7, 028, 294 In addition, $15,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. Deferred charges, undistributed, for the amortization of the costs of disposal areas amount to $141,219. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 143 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 New work: Appropriated .-- --........- --- - _ -- . .---------- 1 $7, 678, 991 Cost__--------------------------------------------------------------- 17, 678, 991 Maintenance: Appropriated-.._-_-__- - -$25, 000 $149, 319 $687, 500 -$125 $258, 000 2, 693, 157 Cost----------------- 80, 226 12, 624 672, 270 14, 292 92, 856 3 2, 527, 074 1 Includes $2,489,173 for new work and $552,720 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $15,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Pending adjustment in the amount of $5,342 not included. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ $100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------- 100, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__-- 95, 000, 000 2. DELAWARE RIVER, PA., N. J., AND DEL., PHILADELPHIA, PA., TO THE SEA Location. See page 139, also United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1218, 294, 295, and 280. Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836; March 3, 1873; March 3, 1875; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; July 5, 1884; August 11, 1888; and March 3, 1899. For fur- ther details, see page 1779 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 299, Annual Report for 1938. Emisting project. This provides for a channel from deep water in Delaware Bay to a point in the Bay near Ship John Light, 40 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide; thence to Philadelphia Naval Base, 40 feet deep and 800 feet wide, with 1,200-foot width at Bulkhead Bar and 1,000-foot width at other bends; thence to Allegheny Avenue, Phil- adelphia, Pa., 40 feet deep and 500 feet wide through Horseshoe Bend and 40 feet deep and 400 feet wide through Philadelphia Har- bor, along the west side of the channel, and 37 feet deep and 500 feet wide through Horseshoe Bend and 37 feet deep and 600 feet wide through Philadelphia Harbor, along the east side of the channel; and for anchorages (a) at Marcus Hook 37 feet deep, 1,400 feet wide, with a mean length of 10,500 feet; (b) in the vicinity of Mantua Creek 37 feet deep, 1,400 feet wide with a mean length of 11,600 feet; (c) at Gloucester 30 feet deep and about 3,500 feet long; and (d) at Port Richmond 37 feet deep and about 6,400 feet long. The project also provides for the construction of dikes and training works for the regulation and control of the tidal flow; for the maintenance of an area on the north side of the channel opposite the Philadelphia Naval Base between Shipway 3 and Schuylkill River to a depth of 40 feet and a width of 150 feet on Mifflin Range and of 200 feet on West Horse- shoe Range; and for the maintenance of any areas dredged by local interests to a depth of 35 feet between the channel and a line 100 feet channelward of the pierhead line between Point House wharf 363037-55-vol. 2---10 144 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and the Philadelphia Naval Base, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such areas are so located as to be of benefit to general navigation. The total length of the section included in the project is about 96.5 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at various points on the river and bay is as follows: Philadelphia, Pa., 6.0 feet; Chester, Pa., 5.7 feet; New Castle, Del., 5.5 feet; Liston Point, Del., 5.8 feet; and Lewes, Del., 4.1 feet. Under the influence of heavy and long-continued winds the extreme tidal range is about 14 feet. The normal maximum velocity of tidal currents in the dredged channel varies between 2 and 31/2 miles per hour. Storm tides may increase the maximum to as much as 41/2 miles per hour. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955 is $39,181,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 35 feet deep from Allegheny Ave., Phila- H. Doc. 733, 61st Cong., 2d sess. delphia, Pa., to Delaware Bay. 1 July 3, 1930 Anchorages 35 feet deep at Port Richmond and H. Doc. 304, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Mantua Creek, a 30-foot anchorage at Gloucester, N. J., and extending the 1,000-foot channel width in Philadelphia Harbor to Horseshoe Bend. Aug.30, 19352 An anchorage 35 feet deep at Marcus Hook, Pa-....... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 5, 73d Cong., 1st sess. June 20,1938 A channel 37 feet deep from Philadelphia-Camden S. Doc. 159, 75th Cong., 3d sess.l Bridge to the navy yard, thence 40 feet deep to deep water in Delaware Bay. Mar. 2,1945 A 37-foot depth in channel from Allegheny Ave., H. Doc. 580, 76th Cong., 3d sess.t Philadelphia, Pa., to Philadelphia-Camden Bridge and in the anchorage at Port Richmond. Do-----.... A 37-foot depth in and enlargement of anchorages H. Doc. 340, 77th Cong., 1st sess.1 near Mantua Creek and Marcus Hook. Do_---.... Maintenance of enlarged channel opposite Philadel- Specified in act. phia Navy Yard. 1 Sept. 3,1954 A channel from Allegheny Ave. to Naval Base 40 feet H. Doc. 358, 83d Cong., 2d sess. deep, 400 feet wide along the west side of the chan- nel through Philadelphia Harbor and 500 feet wide through Horseshoe Bend. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Also Public Works Administration, September 6, 1933. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, imposes the condition that the cities of Philadelphia and Camden shall agree to dredge not less than 110,000 cubic yards annually in maintaining the channel and anchorages in Philadelphia Harbor be- tween Allegheny Avenue and the mouth of Schuylkill River. This condition will become effective after completion of initial dredging of the 40- and 37-foot channels below the Philadelphia-Camden Bridge authorized in the 1938 Act. Terminal facilities. There are 244 wharves on the river between Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, and the sea, 188 located on the waterfront of Philadelphia, Camden, and Gloucester and 55 below Philadelphia. Eight are owned by the United States, 5 by the States of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 28 by municipalities, 78 by railroad companies, and 125 by private interests. The public and railroad RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 145 piers are open to public use, some free and others on payment of charges. Most of the piers which are equipped to handle general cargo have direct rail connections with three railroad systems operat- ing in the area. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series Nos. 7 and 9-Re- vised, 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: Dredging in Port Richmond Anchorage was commenced July 13, 1954 and completed April 7, 1955. A total of 747,225 cubic yards of ma- terial, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $270,866. Dredg- ing in Marcus Hook Anchorage was commenced November 10, 1954, and completed April 1, 1955. A total of 1,047,256 cubic yards of material was removed at a cost of $469,389. The work of preparing Raccoon Creek disposal area for use was commenced December 23, 1954, and completed June 16, 1955. Costs were $180,731. Construc- tion of a dike in Alloway Creek disposal area was commenced October 25, 1954, and completed May 23, 1955. Costs were $70,002. The preparation of Darby Creek disposal area was commenced June 28, 1955, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Only pre- liminary work was done. Costs were $11,819. Construction of mooring facilities for sump rehandling at Raccoon Creek was com- menced April 20 and completed May 26, 1955. Costs were $58,460. A contract was awarded for construction of mooring facilities for sump rehandling at Stony Point. Only preliminary work was done during the fiscal year. Costs were $2,358. Maintenance, hired labor : Dredging in the 40-foot channel was in progress throughout the year. A total of 7,066,201 cubic yards of material was removed by U. S. hopper dredges Essayons, Goethals, and Langftt, of which 1,426,403 cubic yards were rehandled by U. S. pipeline dredge Gulespie, 3,573,493, cubic yards by U. S. sump re- handler New Orleans, and 2,066,305 cubic yards were deposited outside the channel limits. The costs were $2,921,647. Disposal areas were maintained at a cost of $98,940. Other disposal area costs include: Construction of moorings for sump rehandling at Kilcohook, $119,174; at Hog Island, $9,288; for Darby Creek, $35,783; at Pigeon Point, $7,966; and at Stony Point, $5,320; laying pipelines at Hog Island, $19,073; at Kilcohook, $18,558; and at Pigeon Point, $11,138; construction of a submerged pipeline at Raccoon Creek dis- posal area, $92,405; and acquisition of land for disposal areas at Rac- coon Creek, $2,665; and at Darby Creek, $603; a total of $321,973. Other hired labor costs were: Miscellaneous engineering, surveys, and channel examinations, $108,896; model studies of shoaling in Dela- ware River, by Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., $49,946; and construction of range markers, $9,990; a total of $168,832. Deferred charges for maintenance of disposal areas were $744,284 and $290,073 was charged off to hopper dredging, making a net increase of $454,211 in deferred account. The cost of all work was $4,284,944 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 73 percent complete. The 40-foot channel from Philadelphia Naval Base to the sea was completed in 1942. The enlarging and deepening of Marcus Hook Anchorage was completed in 1947. The work re- 146 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 maining to be done is deepening the channel from the Philadelphia Naval Base to Allegheny Avenue from 35 feet to 40 feet with a width of 500 feet through Horseshoe Bend and 400 feet through Philadel- phia Harbor and from 35 to 37 feet with a width of 500 feet through Horseshoe Bend and 600 feet through Philadelphia Harbor, and deepening Port Richmond Anchorage to 37 feet; and completion of the deepening and enlarging of Mantua Creek Anchorage. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water as follows: Minimum depth Project Date Section depth Left Left Right Right (feet) outside inside inside outside quarter quarter quarter quarter (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) April 1955-..... Allegheny Ave. to Philadelphia- Camden Bridge- --- 40 26. 8 27. 3 April 1955 - .. , _do _ 37 --- .. ..... 26. 3 28.0 June 1955____ Philadelphia-Camden Bridge to .. Naval Base---- ------- . 40 28.0 35. 1 April 1955----.....--.....do _ 37 ........----------------........---- 34. 0 29. 0 June 1955 -...-.. Naval Base to the sea ______--- -- - 40 28. 3 32. 6 34. 9 33. 6 The costs under the existing project were as follows: Public Regular Total Works funds funds New work __..........................------------------- .............. $813, 046 $27, 647, 563 $28, 460, 609 Maintenance-------------------------.......................................----------........ ...........-------------- 72, 874, 061 72, 874, 061 Total.---.-..--- .. 813, 046 100, 521, 624 101, 334, 670 Deferred charges, undistributed, for the amortization of the costs of disposal areas, amount to $1,465,318. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: .........---............ Appropriated--------- $41, 436, 666 ---....-------------......--------....------------..-----...........------- Cost--- ------------------------------------------------------ -- 41, 436, 666 Maintenance: Appropriated--------....... 4, 133, 849 3, 905, 449 1, 823, 156 3,036,350 4, 215, 600 75, 307, 701 Cost --------------- 3,178, 964 3,941,639 1,647,540 2, 661,795 4,264,518 2 74, 915, 043 1 Includes $12,976,058 for new work and $1,025,409 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Pending adjustment in the amount of -$20,426 not included. Other new work data : Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __ $1, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 1, 000, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______.__ __... ___ 9, 720, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 147 3. DELAWARE RIVER AT CAMDEN, N. J. Location. Camden, N. J., is located on the east bank of the Delaware River, directly opposite the city of Philadelphia, Pa. It is about 51 miles above the mouth of the river and about 101 miles above the harbor of refuge at the mouth of I)elaware Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Charts Nos. 295 and 280.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. No work was done on this project. For further details, see page 321, Annual Report for 1932. Ixisting project. This provides for dredging in front of Camden to a depth of 18 feet from that depth north of Cooper Point to Berkley Street and 30 feet from the latter point to Newton Creek, with the depth increased to 37 feet in front of the Camden marine terminals, these depths extending from the ship channel in Delaware River to a line parallel with and 50 feet distant from the established pierhead line, and the 37-foot depth in front of the Camden marine terminals extending about 2,900 feet along the inshore side and about 5,100 feet along the ship channel. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The distance from Cooper Point to Berkeley Street is about 1.5 miles, and from Berkeley Street to Newton Creek is about 2.5 miles. The lower end of the project is about 99 miles above the harbor of refuge at the mouth of Delaware Bay. The mean tidal range is 6.0 feet and the extreme tidal range under the influence of prolonged heavy winds is about 14 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $1,155,000, exclusive of $15,000 contributed funds. The latest (1954) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $19,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 2, 1919 A depth of 30 feet from Newton Creek to Kaighn H. Doc. 1120, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Point, thence 18 feet to Cooper Point. July 3, 1930 Extending the 30-foot depth upstream to Berkely H. Doe. 111, 70th Cong., 1st seas. St. terminal. Mar. 2, 1945 A depth of 37 feet in front of the Camden marine H. Doc. 353, 77th Cong., 1st sess. terminals. 1 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 60 piers, wharves, and docks along the Delaware River waterfront at Camden, including 3 oil terminals on Pettys Island. Two are modern terminals designed for overseas and domestic general cargo, and are open to all carriers on equal terms. They are the Beckett Street terminal, owned by the South Jersey port district, and the Spruce Street municipal pier, owned by the city of Camden. The piers have direct railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series No. 7-Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) 148 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Under maintenance, surveys and channel examinations were made. The costs were $240. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 40 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the deepening of the area in front of Camden Marine Terminal from 30 feet to 37 feet. The latest examination, in March 1955, indicates project depths are well maintained in the completed portion of the project except near Cooper Point at the northerly end, and that the minimum depth in the 37-foot project depth area in front of the terminal is 27.1 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $15,000 contributed funds expended for new work, were $462,906 for new work and $235,056 for maintenance, a total of $697,962. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-. ------------ _ .------ -- --.----------- ----------------------- 1 $462, 906 Cost_-------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 1462,906 Maintenance: Appropriated----.... -- $20, 000 -$700 $46, 300 ...- $240 235, 056 Cost ...------------------ 923 739 44, 287 $1, 878 433 235, 056 1In addition $15,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------- --------- $692, 000 4. SCI-TUYLKILL RIVER ABOVE FAIRMOUNT DAM, PA. Location. Schuylkill River has its source in Schuylkill County, Pa., and flows southeasterly 150 miles to the Delaware River at Phila- delphia, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheets of Pennsylvania.) Existing project. This provides for the improvement of the Schuylkill River above Fairmount Dam in the interest of navigation and other purposes by the removal of culm deposits from the pools formed by Plymouth Dam, Flat Rock Dam, and Fairmount Dam. The estimate of cost for the completed project was $4,291,810. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 529, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published maps are contained in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Dredging to remove culm from Fairmount Pool, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was completed on September 11, 1954. A total of 1,286,773 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed. The costs were $1,162,802. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 149 The cost of all work was $1,218,279 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. All work under the existing project was completed on December 1, 1954. The costs under the project were $4,291,810, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ----------------- $1, 900, 000 $994, 000 $500, 000 $497, 810 $4, 291,810 Cost----------------..... $310, 786 14, 334 823, 599 1, 858, 590 1, 217, 979 4, 291, 810 5. SCHUYLKILL RIVER, PA. Location. This river has its source in Schuylkill County, Pa., flows in a general southeasterly direction 150 miles, and empties into the Delaware River at Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 295 and 280.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and modified April 26, 1892. (For further details, see page 325, Annual Report for 1932.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 33 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Delaware River to the mouth and within the river to 29th Street, three-fourths mile above the mouth; thence the same depth and 300 feet wide to Passyunk Avenue Bridge, 31/2 miles above the mouth; thence 26 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Gibsons Point, 41/2 miles above the mouth; and thence 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide to University Avenue Bridge, 6 miles above the mouth, including widening at bends. The total length of the section included in the project is about 61/2 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 5.9 feet and at Grays Ferry Bridge about one-half mile below University Avenue Bridge, 6.4 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to freshets and prolonged heavy winds, is about 14 feet. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $2,753,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The removal of small rock shoals above Passyunk Avenue is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $52,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $550,000 in addition to $1,300,000 required to restore project depth below Pass- yunk Avenue Bridge as provided by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, and $1,036,000 for the restoration of project depths above Passyunk Avenue Bridge as provided by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946. 150 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 8,1917 Depths of 35 feet from mouth to Girard Point, thence H. Doc. 1270, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 30 feet, 26 feet, and 22 feet to University Avenue Bridge, Philadelphia. July 3, 1930 A depth of 30 feet instead of 35 feet between the mouth Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 and Girard Point, and the conditional restoration Doc. 40, 71st Cong., 2d sess. and maintenance of the channel below Passyunk Ave., by the United States. 1 July 24,1946 A depth of 33 feet from the channel in Delaware H. Doc. 699, 79th Cong., 2d sess. River to Passyunk Ave., restoration of the project channel dimensions between Passyunk Ave., and University Ave., and full maintenance of the entire project. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, imposed the condition that the city of Philadelphia agree to remove 60,000 cubic yards (place measurement) of material annually from that portion or those portions of the project which the District En- gineer may designate until such time as adequate municipal sewage- treatment works are constructed and placed in effective operation. This condition is being satisfactorily complied with. All other re- quirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 43 wharves located within the limits of the improvement. These terminals are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series No. 7- Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: Dredging in the 33-foot channel between Delaware River and Pass- yunk Avenue Bridge was commenced February 11 and completed June 13, 1955. There were removed 350,771 cubic yards, place measure- ment, of material at a cost of $237,810. Maintenance, hired labor: Dredging in the 33-foot channel between Delaware River and Passyunk Avenue Bridge by the U. S. hopper dredge Gerig was in progress from July 21 to September 30, 1954. There were removed 247,282 cubic yards, place measurement, of ma- terial. The costs, including rehandling with a United States pipeline dredge, were $253,085. Other costs, for miscellaneous engineering, surveys, and channel examinations, were $12,000. The cost of all work was $502,895 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 98 percent complete. The 33-foot channel from Delaware River to Pass- yunk Avenue Bridge was completed in 1949. The work remaining to be done, comprising the removal of a few rock shoals above Passyunk Avenue Bridge, is to be restudied. The latest examinations show minimum depths available to naviga- tion, at mean low water, as follows: RIVERS AND. HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 151 Minimum depth Date Section Project Mid- depth Left out- channel Right out- side quar- for half side quar- ter project ter width Feet Feet Feet Feet April 1955 -_- _ Delaware River to 29th St-.-........ 33 27. 6 33. 0 33. 0 April 1955 - 29th St. to Passyunk Ave _____________ 33 14. 2 18. 5 18.7 April 1955 __1 Passyunk Ave. to Gibson Pt.---... 26 19. 2 17. 7 16. 1 April 1955 .. -. Gibson Pt. to University Ave ..-...--- 22 12. 0 13. 5 11. 2 The costs under the existing project were $2,753,038 for new work and $10,551,003 for maintenance, a total of $13,304,041. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __ 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--..---......--- -- --------- ---------------------------------- 1 $3, 278, 038 Cost----- ----------------------------------- ------------ ------------ 13, 278, 038 Maintenance: Appropriated - _ $926, 000 $404, 643 $885, 070 $329, 000 $481, 000 10, 560, 905 Cost .........----------------- 914, 824 421, 246 627, 771 553, 086 502, 825 2 10, 549, 414 1 Includes $525,000 for new work for previous projects. 2 Pending adjustment in the amount of $1,589 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------- $52, 000 6. WILMINGTON HARBOR, DEL. Location. This harbor is formed by Christina River, which rises in New Castle County, Del., flows northeasterly 16 miles, passing through the city of Wilmington, Del., and empties into Delaware River about 29 miles below Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 294.) Previous projects. Work was done on Christina River from 1836 to 1838. The original project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, and July 5, 1884. For further details, see page 1785 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 308 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Delaware River to the mouth of Christina River and within the river to Lobdell Canal, three-fourths mile above the mouth; thence 21 feet deep and 250 feet wide to the mouth of Brandywine River, 11/2 miles above the mouth; thence the same depth and 200 feet wide to the pulp works, 33/4 miles above the mouth; thence de- creasing to a depth of 10 feet in 750 feet to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge No. 4; and thence 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Newport, 9 miles above the mouth, including an inner basin 30 feet deep formed by widening the channel to an average width of 600 feet and extend- ing upstream from thle mouth to Lobdell Canal. It also provides for 152 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U.. S. ARMY, 1955 the removal of about 1,200 feet of the outer end of a stone-filled, pile- and timber-crib jetty constructed 2,150 feet long on the north side of the entrance; for a steel sheet pile jetty 2,300 feet long, with 120-foot inshore wing, on the south side of the entrance, and for a V-shaped stone-filled pile-and-timber jetty at the mouth of Brandywine River, 430 feet long on the Brandywine side and 260 feet long on the Chris- tina side. The total length of the section included in the project is about 91/2 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 5.6 feet, and at Newport 3.9 feet. The extreme tidal range due to prolonged heavy winds is about 13 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $1,291,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $400,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June Mar. 3, 1896 3, 1899 Depthsof 21, 10,and 7 feetandjetties-....-- h . - .. .H. Doc. 66, 54th Cong., 1st sess.; Annual Report, 1896, p. 973; An- Snual Report, 1897, p. 1250. 1 July 25, 1912 Purchase or construction of a dredge and auxiliaries, H. Doc. 359, 62d Cong., 2d sess. including a wharf and depot, and maintenance of the project. Sept. 22, 1922 Entrance channel and basin with 25-foot depth and H. Doc. 114, 67th Cong., 1st sess., Mar. 3, 1925 construction by local interests of the new south and Senate committee print, 68th jetty. Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 A 30-foot depth between Delaware River and the Rivers and Harbors Committee Lobdell Canal and modification or removal of a Doc. 20, 71st Cong., 2d sess. portion of the north jetty. Aug.30, 19352 Completion of the new south jetty by the United Rivers and Harbors Committee States; subject to the provision that the city of Doc. 32, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Wilmington shall reimburse the United States for the cost, without interest, of any part of the struc- ture that may subsequently be occupied and uti- lized for city activities. Oct. 17,1940 Permit temporary occupancy by the city of Wil- H. Doc. 658, 76th Cong., 3d sess. mington of any part of the south jetty for city ac- tivities under revocable license, provided the occu- pied portion of the jetty is properly maintained without expense to the United States. 1 Contains latest published map. 2 Also May 28, 1935, under Emergency Relief Administration. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A modern marine terminal is located just in- side the entrance to the harbor. This terminal is operated for the city of Wilmington by a board of harbor commissioners, and is open to all on equal terms. Railroad connection on the terminal wharf provides for direct interchange of freight between car and ship. There are 29 other wharves and landings within the Christina River which forms the harbor. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series No. 8- Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations,and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: Dredging in the channel between Delaware River and Lobdell Canal RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 153 was commenced November 17, 1954, and completed February 4, 1955. A total of 805,821 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $181,088. Under a second contract, dredging in the same area was commenced May 9 and completed May 26, 1955. A total of 624,231 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $139,888. Other maintenance costs were miscellaneous engineering, surveys, and channel examinations, $2,556, and operation of stream gage on White Clay Creek, near Newark, Del., $301, a total of $2,857. The cost of all work was $323,833 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 99 percent complete. The channel above Lobdell Canal and the V-shaped stone-filled pile-and-timber jetty at the mouth of the Brandywine River were completed in 1901. Removal of about 1,200 feet of the outer end of a stone-filled pile-and-timber jetty on the north side of the entrance was completed in 1931. The steel sheet- pile jetty, 2,300 feet long with a 120-foot inshore wing, on the south side of the entrance was completed in 1936. The harbor channel was completed to a width of 400 feet in 1931. The work remaining to be done is deepening the inner basin from 25 to 30 feet. The latest examination shows minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: Minimum depth Date Section Project depth Left Mid- for channel Right outside half project outside quarter width quarter feet feet feet feet June 1955_...... Delaware River to Lobdell Canal _.- 30 28.8 30.3 28. 7 July 1949 ..__ Lobdell Canal to Brandywine River__ 21 .------------ 1 14. 2 Do-- ........ Brandywine River to Market St .___ 21 ------------ 1 15.0 ___ Do ....-- Market St. to pulp works____________ 21 ------------ 1 16. 0 Do--..... Pulp works to Pennsylvania R. R. 10 ...........---- 16. 0 Bridge No. 4. Do __-.._. Pennsylvania R.R. Bridge No. 4 to 7 ------------ 1 6. 1 Newport. 1 In 80 percent of project width. The costs under the existing project, excluding $60,000 contributed funds expended for maintenance, were as follows: Emergency Regular Total relief funds funds New work---- ....-- ------------------------------------- $206, 177 $924, 356 $1, 130, 533 ...............................---------------------------------------................ Maintenance----------- 8,176, 455 8, 176, 455 Total....................-------------------------------------------206, 177 9, 100, 811 9, 306, 988 154 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 195112 New work: Appropriated ....... . . _ -------- - -_-_ ___-- -..--_-.- - - $1, 532, 654 Cost _ - 1, 532, 654 Maintenance: Appropriated -..... $475, 000 $264, 200 $396, 000 $297, 000 $271, 200 8, 205, 677 Cost---------- ------ 489, 985 266, 781 329, 134 268, 976 334, 799 38, 174, 355 1 Includes $402,121 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $60,000 contributed funds were expended for maintenance. 3 Pending adjustment in the amount of $2,100 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---_____- - __ $160, 000 7. INLAND WATERWAY FROM DELAWARE RIVER TO CHIESAPEAKE BAY, DEL. AND MD. Location. This waterway begins at Reedy Point on Delaware River, about 41 miles below Philadelphia, Pa., and passes through the sea level Chesapeake & Delaware Canal, a distance of 14 miles, to Back Creek, at Chesapeake City, Md. It then passes for 5 miles down Back Creek, thence 9 miles down Elk River to Chesapeake Bay and thence 18 miles down Chesapeake Bay to a point near Pooles Island. A branch channel connects Delaware River at Dela- ware City, Del., with the main channel at a point about 11/2 miles west of Reedy Point. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 294, 1226, 570, and 572.) Previous projects. The River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, made appropriation for preliminary studies with a view to taking over the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919, provided for the purchase of the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal. The River and Harbor Acts of January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, provided for dredging in Back Creek, Md., and the construction of bridges and roadways. For further details, see Annual Report for 1934, page 242, and Annual Report for 1938, page 312. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 450 feet wide from Delaware River through Elk River and Chesapeake Bay to water of natural 35-foot depth in Chesapeake Bay near Pooles Island, including a cutoff at the Pennsylvania Railroad crossing, and having a minimum radius of curvature of 7,000 feet at bends; a high- level, fixed railroad bridge with vertical clearance of 135 feet and horizontal clearance of 600 feet at the railroad crossing over the cut- off; high-level fixed highway bridges over the canal at Reedy Point, St. Georges, Summit, and Chesapeake City; a bascule drawbridge across the Delaware City Branch Channel; extension of entrance jetties at Reedy Point; an anchorage and mooring basin in Elk River, 35 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide, with an average length of 3,700 feet; the enlargement of the anchorage and mooring basin in Back Creek to afford an area about 400 feet wide, 1,000 feet long, and 12 feet deep; dredging the Delaware City Branch Channel to a depth of 8 feet and a width of 50 feet, and deepening the existing basin to the same depth; RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 155 revetment of the banks of the canal as required between the Delaware River and Elk River, and on the banks of the Delaware City Branch Channel east of Fifth Street Bridge; and construction of bulkheads. The total length of the section included in the project, excluding the Delaware City Branch Channel, which is about 2 miles long, is about 46 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water in Delaware River. The mean tidal range at the Delaware River entrance is 5.4 feet and in Elk River at the mouth of Back Creek, 2.2 feet. The extreme tidal range is from 6.3 feet above mean high water to 3.0 feet below mean low water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $118,845,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $1,380,000. The portion of the project comprising the completion of Delaware City Branch Channel from a point 400 feet east of Fifth Street Bridge to its junction with the canal is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $145,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 A sea level channel 27 feet deep, 250 feet wide from H. Doc. 201, 72d Cong., 1st sess., Delaware River to Elk River and 400 feet wide and Rivers and Harbors Com- down Elk River and Chesapeake Bay to deep water mittee Does. 18 and 24,1 73d at or near Pooles Island; alteration of existing Cong., 2d sess. bridges over the canal; enlarging Delaware City Branch Channel to 8 feet deep and 50 feet wide,2 with a basin the same depth, and revetment of both banks east of Fifth Street; enlargement of the anchorage and mooring basin in Back Creek to 400 feet wide, 1,000 feet long and 12 feet deep; extension of the jetties at Reedy Point; and construction of bulkheads. Aug. 7, 1939 Construction of a 4-lane high-level fixed highway Public Law 310, 76th Cong., 1st bridge at or near St. Georges. sess. Sept. 3,1954 A channel 35 feet deep and 450 feet wide from Dela- S. Doc. 123, 83d Cong., 2d sess.1 ware River through Elk River and Chesapeake Bay to water of that depth in the Bay near Pooles Island, including a cutoff at the Pennsylvania R.R. crossing, with a minimum radius of curvature of 7,000 feet at bends; a high-level fixed railroad bridge over the cutoff; high-level fixed highway bridges at Reedy Point and Summit; and an anchorage in Elk River 35 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide, averag- ing 3,700 feet long. i Contains latest published maps. 2 Completion of Delaware City Branch Channel from a point 400 feet east of Fifth Street Bridge to its junction with the canal is to be restudied. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provided that the standard of local cooperation for the con- struction of all bridges, including approaches thereto, required for the project shall be the same standard heretofore applied to the con- struction of St. Georges bridge, namely, that local interests shall furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way requi5red for the bridge. On November 23, 1954, local interests were notified of the requirements. The necessary assurance was furnished on Decem- ber 17, 1954, and was accepted on February 16, 1955. Prior require- merits have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Ample mooring facilities at the eastern and western ends of the canal and bulkheads at Delaware City and St. 156 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Georges have been constructed by the United States. A harbor for small boats has been provided and a wharf has been constructed at Chesapeake City. The facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: Repair of 10 tie-up dolphins at Reedy Point, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was completed July 3, 1954. The costs were $9,782. Dredging miscellaneous shoals in the 27-foot channel east of Pennsylvania Railroad bridge and near Goose Point was commenced April 3 and completed May 3, 1955. A total of 526,000 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $337,429. Under a contract for repairs to tie-up dolphins at Chesapeake City and to fenders and dolphins throughout the Canal, work commenced May 17, 1955, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $65,716. Maintenance, hired labor: General operation of the waterway was continued throughout the year at a cost of $255,273. Operation and maintenance of the bridges crossing the waterway was continued throughout the year at a cost of $105,188. Work to stabilize the piers of Summit Bridge was in progress during the year at a cost of $14,991. Other hired labor costs included: Maintenance and repairs to banks, $50,570; drainage of banks, $20,563; maintenance and repair of auxiliary works, $18,806; removal of obstructions and debris, $13,- 795; and miscellaneous engineering, surveys, and channel examina- tions, $19,093; a total of $122,827. Reimbursements for damages to auxiliary works amounted to $34,996. A chargeoff for maintenance dredging made a reduction of $80,351 in deferred account, and together with an adjustment of $89 made a net reduction of $80,262 in deferred account. The cost of all work was $876,210 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 12 per- cent completed. The channel 27 feet deep and 250 and 400 feet wide was completed in 1938, and the 4-lane high-level fixed highway bridge at St. Georges in 1942. The work remaining to be done comprises the enlarging to 35 feet deep and 450 feet wide of the channel from Delaware River through Elk River and Chesapeake Bay to deep water in the Bay near Pooles Island, including a cutoff at the Penn- sylvania Railroad crossing; construction of a high-level fixed bridge at the railroad crossing over the cutoff; and high-level fixed highway bridges at Reedy Point and Summit; and dredging an anchorage in Elk River 35 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide. Deepening the Delaware City Branch Channel from 6 to 8 feet from a point 400 feet east of Fifth Street Bridge to its junction with the canal also remains to be done; this has been deferred for restudy. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 157 Minimum depth Date Section Project depth Left out- Middle Right out- side quar- half of side quar- ter channel ter Feet Feet Feet Feet March 1955 .... Delaware River to Elk River ........ 35 20.6 23.3 21. 0 April 1954 --.... Elk River to Chesapeake Bay ..... 35 21.6 20.6 18. 3 December 1946_ Delaware City Branch channel ..... 8 ------------ 1 1. 1 1 In 80 percent of project width. The total costs under existing project were as follows: Emergency Regular Total relief funds funds New work ..........................................------------------------------------------ $4, 757, 248 $9, 788, 339 $14, 544, 586 Maintenance .......................................------------------------------------- ..... ..--------------14, 571, 096 14, 571, 096 Operating and care---------------- ------------------------------ 6, 514, 588 6, 514, 588 Total--------- --------------------------------- 4, 757, 248 30,874,023 35,630,271 Deferred charges, undistributed, for the amortization of the costs of disposal areas, amount to $344,207. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: ............----------.......... Appropriated------......... ------------ -------............--------------............ .......--------- $25, 254, 341 Cost .------ ---------------------------------------------------------- 25, 254, 341 Maintenance: Appropriated-......... -$130, 000 $1, 051, 130 $810, 000 $710, 000 $780, 000 28, 423, 395 Cost----------------- 25, 591 501, 165 959, 820 698, 784 776, 937 2 28, 395, 217 1 Includes $10,709,755 for new work and $6,903,748 for maintenance for previous projects.. 2 Pending adjustment of $18,773 not included. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ $210, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-- --------------- ------------------ -210, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--.--------- --------- __ 104,235, 000 8. MURDERKILL RIVER, DEL. Location. This river rises in Kent County, Del., flows northeasterly 19 miles through the county, and empties into Delaware Bay about 25 miles above Cape Henlopen. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1218.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water, 150 feet wide in Delaware Bay to the mouth, and thence 80 feet wide to Frederica, 71/2 miles above the mouth. The total length of the section included in the project is about 81/2 miles. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 4.9 feet and at Frederica 2.5 feet. The 158 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 extreme tidal range is from about 1 foot below mean low water to about 2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954 is $38,000. The portion of the project comprising widening the channel to project width throughout its length is to be restudied, and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $86,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,800. This project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (H. Ex. Doc. 21, 52d Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1892, p. 981). Widening of the channel to full project width is to be restudied. The latest published map is in House Document No. 1058, 62d Congress, 3d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are a number of light timber wharves on both sides of the river near the mouth and two wharves at Frederica, all of which are privately owned. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey was made at a cost of $379. The cost of all work was $379 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 63 percent complete. A channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Dela- ware Bay to Frederica was completed in 1911. The work remaining to be done, the widening of the channel to project width, is to be restudied. The latest examinations show controlling depths at mean low water as follows: In June 1954, in Delaware Bay to the mouth, 3.3 feet; and thence, in June 1945, to Frederica, 5.0 feet. The costs under the existing project were $37,630 for new work and $205,848 for maintenance, a total of $243,478. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---....... ----------------.------------------------------------------- $37, 630 Cost---------- ------------------------- ......------------- ....... ----------- ------------ 37, 630 Maintenance: Appropriated----... --. -$2, 291 -- . $1, 083 $2, 500 -$1, 256 205, 848 Cost-.....--- ....--------------------..------------ 1, 083 1, 633 -390 205, 848 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___-- __________ $124, 000 9. MISPILLION RIVER, DEL. Location. This river rises in Kent and Sussex Counties, Del., flows northeasterly 15 miles along the boundary line between the two coun- ties, and empties into Delaware Bay about 16 miles above Cape Hen- lopen. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1218.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1879, and July 13, 1892, modified July 3, 1893, and by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1786, RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 159 Annual Report for 1915, page 448 of Annual Report for 1918, and page 327 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 9 feet deep, 80 feet wide from like depth in Delaware Bay to the landward end of the jetties, thence 60 feet wide to the head of navigation at Milford; a turning basin 120 feet wide and 350 feet long, 500 feet downstream from Washington Street Bridge in Milford; 7 cutoffs; and 2 parallel stone-filled pile-and-timber jetties at the mouth, spaced 210 feet apart, the south jetty 5,850 feet long and the north jetty about 6,496 feet long, extending to a point opposite the end of the south jetty. The total length of the project is about 13.6 miles. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 4.4 feet and at Milford 3.4 feet. The extreme tidal range is from about 1 foot below mean low water to about 2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $705,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $39,200. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 2,1919 A 6-foot depth and extension of south jetty-.........--------.. H. Doc. 678, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Extension of north jetty-------- ----------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 83, 74th Cong., 2d sess.' 1 Sept. 3,1954 A channel 9 feet deep, 80 feet wide from like depth in S. Doc. 229, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Delaware Bay to the landward end of the jetties and thence 60 feet wide to Milford, including 3 cut- offs, with a turning basin at Milford. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provides that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent mainte- nance, when and as required; and (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the proj- ect, includinng such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds. On November 12, 1954, local interests were notified of these requirements and requested to furnish the necessary assurance that they would be met. This assurance has not been furnished. Prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 2 wharves inside the mouth of the river, and 8 piers or wharves at Milford, 1 of which is owned by the city of Milford. There is also a marine railway at Milford. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. There were no costs. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 31 percent completed. Four cutoffs for the 6-foot channel were completed in 1923; the 6-foot channel from Delaware Bay to Milford in 1924; and the jetties at the mouth in 1939. The work remaining to be done is 363037- 55-vol. 2--11 160 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 dredging the channel to 9-foot depth, 80 feet wide in Delaware Bay to the mouth, thence 60 feet wide to Milford, with the provision of 3 cutoffs to eliminate bends, and a turning basin at Milford. The controlling depths at mean low water, in December 1950, were as follows: Delaware Bay to the mouth, 6 feet; and thence, to the fixed highway bridge at Milford, 5.6 feet. The costs under the existing project were $216,391 for new work, and $323,395 for maintenance, a total of $539,786. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated------------------------------------------------------ ----------- $365, 189 Cost--------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 365, 189 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- $21, 049 ---------------------------------------------- 384, 567 Cost ... 81,190 384, 567 1Includes $148,798 for new work and $61,172 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_... $275, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----------------------------------- 275, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_--------------------------- 214, 000 10. INLAND WATERWAY BETWEEN REHOBOTH BAY AND DELAWARE BAY, DEL. Location. This waterway, a tidal canal, is situated in the south- easterly part of Sussex County, Del. It extends 12 miles northward from Rehoboth Bay through the highland west of the town of Reho- both to Gordon Lake; thence through the marshes back of Cape Henlopen to Lewes River; thence down Lewes River to its junction with Broadkill River near its mouth. An entrance to the waterway from Delaware Bay is located about 4 miles above Cape Henlopen. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 379, 1218, and 1219.) Previous projects. A canal along a slightly different route formed a part of the projected waterway from Chincoteague Bay, Va., to Delaware Bay, begun in 1886 and abandoned in 1905. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel near Lewes 10 feet deep and 200 feet wide protected by two parallel jetties 500 feet apart; thence a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to South Street Bridge at Lewes, with a basin of the same depth 1,200 feet long and up to 375 feet in width at the latter point; thence a channel 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide (40 feet wide through Deep Cut near Rehoboth) to Rehoboth Bay; a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the entrance to Broadkill River; 2 parallel rubble mound jetties 725 feet long at the Rehoboth Bay entrance; and the construction of 1 highway bridge and 1 railroad bridge at Rehoboth. The total length of the section included in the project is about 12 miles. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 161 All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range in the waterway opposite the Delaware Bay entrance is 4 feet, at Lewes 3.7 feet, and at Rehoboth 0.6 foot. The extreme tidal range is from about 1 foot below mean low water to about 3 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,252,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $60,000 contributed funds. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual. cost of maintenance is $38,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Act Work authorized Documents 1 July 25,1912 For a 6-foot-depth canal to connect Rehoboth Bay H. Doc. 823, 60th Cong., 1st sess., and Delaware Bay. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 51, 61st Cong., 3d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 For a 6-foot-depth entrance near Lewes, for jetties, Rivers and Harbors Committee for widening the canal from Broadkill River to Doc. 56, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Lewes, and basin. Mar. 2,1945 For a 10-foot-depth from Delaware Bay to Lewes and H. Doc. 344, 77th Cong., 1st sess. in basin, and for extending jetties. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are required to furnish suitable terminal facilities and the necessary spoil-disposal areas for the new work dredging from 6 feet to 10 feet and for subsequent maintenance of the project. Terminal facilities. There are 3 wharves at Lewes, Del.; 1 owned by the town, 1 Government-owned, and 1 privately owned, all open to public use. There are a number of small landings for fishing parties and private boats on the inland waterway. At Lewes, on the north bank of the waterway, the Lewes Anglers Association has con- structed a wharf about 600 feet long with slips for fishing party boats. At Rehoboth, there are two private wharves of pile and timber con- struction. At Henlopen Acres, adjoining Rehoboth, a private yacht basin, with accommodations for more than 50 fishing party boats and pleasure craft connects with the canal. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. There were no costs. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 59 percent complete. The jetties at the Rehoboth Bay entrance were completed in 1903 under a previous project; the highway bridge at Rehoboth in 1915, replaced with a new structure in 1926 by the Dela- ware State Highway Department; the railroad bridge at Rehoboth Beach in 1916, removed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company in 1941; a channel 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide from Broadkill River to Rehoboth Bay, in 1927; the channel widened to 100 feet between Broadkill River and Lewes with basin at Lewes and a new entrance from Delaware Bay 6 feet deep and 200 feet wide, in 1937; and jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance extending to the 6-foot depth curve in the Bay, in 1938. The work remaining to be done is the deepening of the channel from Delaware Bay to Lewes and the basin at Lewes from 162 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 6 feet to 10 feet and extending the existing jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance. The controlling depths, at local mean low water, were as follows: Entrance channel, in March 1953, 6.2 feet; thence in October 1950, to highway bridge at Lewes, 5 feet; and thence, in August 1950, to Rehoboth Bay 3.1 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $60,000 contributed funds expended for new work, were $435,383 for new work and $101,204 for maintenance, a total of $536,587. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--.........---...........------------------------...........--------..............------------...--..........-------.. $435, 383 Cost---------- -------------------------------------------------------- 435,383 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $1, 516 ..------------ $20, 944 ------------------------ 101, 204 Cost----------------- 1, 516 ------------ .......... 20, 943 ...-----------------------.. 101, 204 Other new work data : Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956.... $147, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------- 147, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project --- ------------------- _ 670, 000 11. INDIAN RIVER INLET AND BAY, DEL. Location. Indian River rises in Sussex County, Del., flows east- erly 13 miles into Indian River Bay which is a shallow lagoon 6 miles long and 2 miles wide on the Delaware Coast about mid- way between Cape Henlopen and the Maryland State line. The inlet is an opening through the barrier beach separating Indian River Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1219.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882. For further details, see page 744, Annual Report for 1888. Existing project. This provides for the fixation of the inlet by the construction of two parallel jetties of steel sheet pile and stone design extending to approximately the 14-foot depth curve in the ocean, and for dredging an entrance channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide, for a distance of 7,000 feet inshore from the jetties; thence a channel 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide in the bay, and 80 feet wide in the river, to and including a turning basin 9 feet deep, 175 feet wide, and 300 feet long at Old Landing; thence a channel 4 feet deep and 60 feet wide to the highway bridge at Millsboro. The project also pro- vides that the interior channel dimensions may, in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers, be modified as may be found desirable to in- crease the hydraulic efficiency of the channel, without increasing the cost. The total length of the section included in the project is about 133/4 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range in the ocean at the Inlet is 3.8 feet, and at the high- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 163 way bridge inside the inlet, 2.4 feet. The extreme tidal range at the highway bridge is about 6 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $511,210 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $210,000 contributed funds. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26,1937 A 15-foot inlet channel, steel and stone jetties, 6-foot Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 channel from end of inlet channel to deep water Doe. 41, 75th Cong., 1st sess. in the bay and authority to modify interior inlet channel. 1 Mar. 2,1945 A 9-foot channel from inlet to Old Landing, includ- H. Doe. 330, 76th Cong., 1st sess. ing basin, and 4-foot channel to highway bridge at Millsboro. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish suitable areas for disposal of dredged ma- terial during maintenance as and when needed, and provide terminal facilities. Terminal facilities. There is a privately owned basin with berth- ing facilities for small boats located about three-fourths mile west of the highway bridge near the inlet and one-quarter mile north of the inlet channel connected therewith by a channel 6 feet deep and 40 feet wide; a United States Coast Guard wharf on the north side of the inlet channel in the same locality; and two wharves at Oak Orchard in Indian River Bay. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: A contract was awarded for repairs to the south jetty. Only prelim- inary work was done. The costs were $3,262. Maintenance, hired labor: Surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $2,130. The cost of all work was $5,392 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1951. A channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the ocean to a point 7,000 feet inshore from the ocean shoreline was completed in 1938. The construction of 2 parallel jetties spaced 500 feet apart, each 1,566 feet long with inshore end sections of steel sheet-pile con- struction reinforced with stone, the north jetty 904 feet long and the south jetty 890 feet long, with the outshore end sections of all stone construction, was completed in 1939. The channel 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide in the bay and 80 feet wide in the river, to and including a turning basin 9 feet deep, 175 feet wide, and 300 feet long at Old Landing, thence a channel 4 feet deep and 60 feet wide to the highway bridge at Millsboro was completed in 1951. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were as follows: In June 1954, through the inlet to the entrance to the small boat harbor, 9.1 feet; thence in June 1951, to Old Landing, 9.9 feet; and thence, in February 1951 to Millsboro, 6.1 feet. 164 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The costs under the existing project, excluding $210,000 contributed funds expended for new work, were $511,210 for new work and $271,- 110 for maintenance, a total of $782,320. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ...-- -_-$75, 200 -$3, 709 _1 2 $521, 210 Cost_ ____ _ 205, 686 11, 288 ..----------------------... 1 521,210 Maintenance: Appropriated .........- 4, 863 $1, 000 $6, 000 $128, 000 396, 044 Cost-----------.... - 20, 000 4, 863 1, 000 4, 404 4, 778 3 271, 226 1Includes $10,000 for new work for previous projects. 2In addition $210,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 3 Pending adjustment in the amount of -$116 not included. 12. WATERWAY FROM INDIAN RIVER INLET TO REHOBOTH BAY, DEL. Location. This waterway is situated in the southeasterly part of Sussex County, connects Rehoboth Bay with Indian River Bay by way of Big Ditch. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1219.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from water of 6-foot depth in Rehoboth Bay to water of the same depth in Indian River Bay by way of Big Ditch. The total length of the section included in the project is about 2.7 miles. The mean tidal range in the vicinity of the project in Rehoboth Bay is 0.5 foot; in Indian River Bay 0.9 foot. The extreme tidal range is from about 1.5 feet below mean low water to about 2.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $97,000, ex- clusive of $20,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $14,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. No. 304, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The act authorizing the project provides that local interests shall give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction and subsequent maintenance of the project, including such damages as may occur to public or leased oyster beds; and (c) make a cash contribution of $20,000 toward the construction of the project. An Act by the General Assembly of the State of Delaware making an appropriation of $20,000 to the Delaware Commission of Shell Fisheries for the State's share of the initial cost of the improvement was approved June 29, 1949. Terminal facilities. There are no terminal or transfer facilities in the area that are fully open to public use. However, existing facili- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 165 ties that are available on a limited basis are adequate for the present demand, and can be expected to expand to meet future needs. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on this project and there have been no costs. Cost and financial summary Other new work data : Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending Jung 30, 1956--- $96, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --------------------------------- -------- 96, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---1-----------------------------, 000 13. ABSECON INLET, N. J. Location. This inlet is located on the coast of New Jersey about 65 miles north of Delaware breakwater, between Brigantine Beach on the north and Absecon Beach on the south. It forms the entrance to the harbor at Atlantic City, N. J. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 826 and 1217.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912. The project was completed in 1916. For further details see Annual Report for 1936, page 319. Existing project. This provides for an inlet entrance channel 20 feet deep at mean low water and 400 feet wide, for an entrance channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the inlet channel into Clam Creek, and for a turning basin 15 feet deep within Clam Creek. The act authorizing the inlet entrance channel also provides that should the channel at any time have a deleterious effect on the Atlantic City Beach, work upon the improvement may cease; it being understood that the project is adopted on the basis that the interests of the beach in front of the city are superior to those of the inlet. The total length of the section included in the project is about 11/ miles. The mean tidal range in the ocean is 4 feet and at the inlet gorge 3.6 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to ocean storms, is about 11 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $255,000. The latest (1954) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 22, 1922 An inlet entrance channel 20 feet deep_--. H. Doc. 375, 67th Cong., 2d sess. July 24,1946 A channel 15 feet deep into Clam Creek and a turning H. Doc. 504, 79th Cong., 2d sess. basin. (contains the latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are required to furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required for the dredging of the entrance channel into Clam Creek and the turning basin within Clam Creek. 166 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Terminal facilities. There are 9 wharves served by this improve- ment; 1 is Government owned, 6 are privately owned and open to general public use upon payment of moderate wharfage, and 2 are publicly owned. Three of the wharves have direct railroad connec- tion. There is also a continuous line of piers or landing places for pleasure craft on both sides of the large basins which indent the south shore of the inner channel. There are 3 shipyards and 3 marine railways at this locality. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging in the inlet channel by U. S. hopper dredge Hyde was in progress from September 8, 1954, to November 18, 1954. There were removed 306,193 cubic yards, place measurement, of material at a cost of $148,697. Surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $2,801. The cost of all work was $151,498 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 92 percent complete. The inlet entrance channel was completed in 1938. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of an entrance channel from the inlet channel into Clam Creek and a turning basin in Clam Creek. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: Minimum depths Date Section Project Midchannel depth Left for half Right outside project outside quarter width quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet May 1955-....... Entrance Channel___..------..-.. --- 20 12. O0 14. 3 10. 0 June 1955_--- ... Thence to Brigantine Bridge---__- --------------.----.. 9 11. 9... The costs under the existing project were $208,648 for new work and $2,147,291 for maintenance, a total of $2,355,939. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __ 30,1955,1 includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: .... Appropriated-- -----------------------.------------ .------------. ------------ $435, 145 Cost .------- --------------------------------------------------------- 435, 145 Maintenance: ........-- Appropriated------- $62, 000 $18, 000 $98, 677 $158, 000 $141, 700 2, 383, 027 Cost..--- -.-... - ---- 6,697 85,496 96,556 150,506 149, 826 22,381,405 1Includes $226,497 for new work and $235,786 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Pending adjustment of $1,672 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------ _-- $46, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 167 14. TUCKERTON CREEK, N. J. Location. This creek rises in Ocean County, N. J., flows southerly 7 miles, and empties into Little Egg Harbor about 8 miles north of Little Egg Inlet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 825 and 1216.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 6 feet deep, 80 feet wide from the head of Marchelder Channel in Little Tuckerton Bay to the mouth; thence 75 feet wide to Parkers Landing, 1 mile above the mouth; thence 60 feet wide to West Tuckerton Landing, 13/4 miles above the mouth; thence a channel 5 feet deep and 60 feet wide to just above Scow Landing, 2 miles above the mouth; and thence a chan- nel 3 feet deep and 40 feet wide to the mill dam at Tuckerton, 21/4 miles above the mouth. The total length of the section included in the project is about 31/2 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range is 2.5 feet. The extreme tidal range is from about 1 foot below mean low water to about 1 foot above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $60,242. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,700. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13,1902 For depths of 6, 5, and 3 feet----------- ------- H. Doc. 274, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 3,1905 Substitution of channel as across Little Tuckerton Specified in act. (H. Doc. 1040, Bay. 64th Cong., 1st sess., contains latest published maps.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are a number of wharves and piers of pile-and-timber construction along the creek. There are also four boatyards with marine railways, and repair and storage facilities located at Tuckerton. One wharf at Tuckerton is publicly owned. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: Dredging in the channel was commenced on April 14, 1955, and com- pleted on May 24, 1955. A total of 110,083 cubic yards of material was removed at a cost of $49,813. Maintenance, hired labor: Surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $873. The cost of all work was $50,686 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1925. The controlling depths, at mean low water, in May 1955, were as follows: In the entrance channel and within the creek to Tuckerton Yacht Club, 5.7 feet; thence to Parkers Landing, 6.1 feet; thence to Scow Landing, 5.9 feet; and thence to the mill dam at Tuck- erton, 3.2 feet. The costs under the existing project were $60,242 for new work and $231,167 for maintenance, a total of $291,409. 168 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June -30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated----- -------......------------ ------------------------------------ $60, 242 Cost ............----------------...-----------------------.........-----------.........--..------.........---.........-------- 60, 242 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-------- -$157 ------------ $4, 000 $4, 500 $50, 700 232, 063 Cost------------------------ ------------ 3, 872 3, 758 49, 805 1 230, 298 1 Pending adjustment in the amount of $869 not included. 15. BARNEGAT INLET, N. J. Location. This inlet is located on the east coast of New Jersey, about 50 miles south of Sandy Hook. It forms the main entrance to Barnegat Bay, the largest of the bays on the New Jersey coast which are separated from the ocean by narrow barrier beaches. The inlet lies between Island Beach on the north and Long Beach on the south. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 825 and 1216.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep through the inlet and 10 feet through the outer bar, the channel to be protected by two converging stone jetties extending to the 12-foot contour in the ocean and spaced 1,000 feet apart at the outer ends; a channel of suitable hydraulic characteristics extending in a north- westerly direction from the gorge in the inlet to Oyster Creek Chan- nel just northwest of Sunset Shoal, thence via Oyster Creek Channel to deep water in the bay; and the maintenance of a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide to connect Barnegat City Harbor with the main inlet channel. The total length of the section included in the project is about 4.5 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the inlet gorge is 2.7 feet and in Barnegat Bay 0.5 foot. The extreme tidal range at the inlet is from about 2 feet below mean low water to about 3 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $448,849, exclusive of $300,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $56,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,1935 An 8-foot depth through the inlet to Oyster Creek. Rivers and Harbors Committee Channel across inner bar, 10-foot depth through Doec. 19, 73d Cong., 2d sess.1 outer bar and for jetties. Aug. 26, 1937 A channel of suitable hydraulic characteristics from Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 the gorge to Oyster Creek Channel, and thence to Doc. 85, 74th Cong., 2d sess. deep water in bay. July 24,1946 Maintenance dredging of a channel to connect the H. Doc. 358, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' main inlet channel with Barnegat City Harbor. 1 Contains latest published maps. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 169 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are three docks or terminals located in the inner harbor at Barnegat City which furnish adequate facili- ties for the present commerce of the locality. Two are privately owned and are used for fishing interests. One is Government owned. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: The work of repairing the south jetty, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was completed August 3, 1954. Costs were $19,810. Under a contract awarded the previous fiscal year, for dredging the channel through the inlet and to Barnegat Light Harbor, dredging commenced August 27, 1954, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The channel to Barnegat City Harbor and the inlet channel west of the lighthouse were completed. A total of 362,000 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $222,580. The cost of all work was $242,390 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940. The dredging of a channel from the inlet gorge to Oyster Creek Channel 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide and thence a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide through Oyster Creek Channel to Barnegat Bay was completed in 1939. The converging jetties were completed in 1940. The north jetty is 4,900 feet long and the south jetty 2,950 feet long. The inshore end sections, 769 feet and 450 feet long, respectively, are of pile-and-timber construc- tion reinforced with stone, and the outshore ends of both jetties are of rubble-mound construction. The latest examinations show a navigable channel with controlling depths, at mean low water, as follows: In June 1955, from the ocean to the inlet gorge 4.2 feet; thence to the inner end of the inlet channel 4.7 feet; and thence, in August 1946, through Oyster Creek Channel to Barnegat Bay, 6.9 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $300,000 contributed funds expended for new work, were $448,849 for new work and $1,434,317 for maintenance, a total of $1,883,166. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------------------ 1$448,849 Cost--- -- -- ------------------------------------------------------ 1448,849 Maintenance: -$12, 001 -$2,000 Appropriated...--------- $286, 750 $17, 000 1, 483, 580 Cost_----------------- 99, 535 ------- ___------------ 12,930 241, 431 2 1,432,191 1In addition, $300,000 contributed funds were expended for new work.. 2 Pending adjustment in the amount of $2,126 not included. 16. MANASQUAN RIVER, N. J. Location. This is a small stream located in the eastern part of New Jersey, rising near Freehold and flowing easterly to the Atlantic Ocean, which it enters about 26 miles south of Sandy Hook. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 795.) 170 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879. For further details, see Annual Report for 1909, page 186, and Annual Report for 1938, page 269. Existing project. This provides for a channel 14 feet deep and 250 feet wide, protected by jetties and other works, extending from the Atlantic Ocean to the inner end of the north jetty, thence 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide to within 700 feet of the New York & Long Branch Railroad bridge, thence of same depth and narrowing to a width of 100 feet to within 300 feet of the bridge; for a widening on the northerly side of the channel of 200 feet for a distance of 3,150 feet to a depth of 8 feet; for an anchorage of 19 acres in area to a depth of 10 feet on the south side of the channel and for an anchorage of 27.5 acres in area to a depth of 12 feet about 0.5 mile west of route 35 highway bridge. Length of section included in project is about 1.5 miles. Mean tidal range is 3.7 feet at the inner end of the inlet and 4 feet at ocean end; mean range of spring tides, 4.4 and 4.8 feet, respec- tively; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 2.7 feet below to 7.5 feet above mean low water at the inner end of the inlet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $930,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects and $300,000 contributed by local interests. The estimate for annual cost of main- tenance, revised in 1954, is $36,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3,1930 Channel 8 feet deep and provision of works designed H. Doc. 482, 70th Cong., 2d sess. to secure the channel. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening of channel on northerly side---...-- Senate committee document, 74th ..-------- Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 Deepening channel to 12 and 14 feet; 10- and 12-foot H. Doc. 356, 77th Cong., 1st sess. anchorages. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable areas properly diked for disposal of dredged material, for new work and maintenance, when and as needed; convey to the United States, free of cost, a perpetual easement to excavate all lands above ordinary high water required for the improvement; and release the United States from all claims for damage resulting from the improve- ment. Assurances of local cooperation furnished by local interests in connection with the deepening of the channel only, were approved by the Chief of Engineers on February 15, 1951. The requirements under prior acts have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Five landings with a total wharfage of 700 feet, used by commercial fishermen, and seven landings and boat basins for pleasure craft are located along the river and its branches. The pleasure boat landings and basins are equipped with marine railways, boatbuilding and repair facilities, and boat storage facilities. Two yacht clubs with a mooring capacity of 45 boats and numerous pleasure boat landings are also located along the waterway. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present requirements. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 171 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: Rehabilitation of the steel sheet-pile bulkhead on the north side of the channel, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was com- pleted on July 13, 1954. The costs were $1,542. A credit of $3,156 was received as a result of adjustments in previous fiscal year costs. Rehabilitation of the north stone jetty was commenced March 7, 1955, and was nearing completion at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 5,409 tons of stone was placed on the jetty at a cost of $128,597. A contract was awarded for rehabilitation of the steel sheet-pile bulk- head on the south side of the channel. To the end of the fiscal year only preliminary work was done. The costs were $2,107. The cost of all work was $129,090 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project. was about 82 percent complete. Two rubble-mound jetties, 1,230 feet long north of the entrance and 1,030 feet long south of the entrance, were completed in 1931. Two steel bulkheads, each 950 feet long, at the inshore ends of the jetties, were completed in 1937. A steel bulkhead 698 feet long and two steel groins of an aggregate length of 570 feet, constructed on the northerly beach, were completed in 1938. A chan- nel 10 feet deep and 250 feet wide from the 10-foot depth curve in the ocean to a point near the inshore ends of the jetties and thence 8 feet deep and 300 feet wide to a point 700 feet below the New York and Long Branch Railroad bridge was completed in 1933, and the widen- ing on the northerly side of the channel was completed in 1938. The work remaining to be done is the deepening of the channel between the jetties from 10 feet to 14 feet, thence to a point 700 feet below the railroad bridge from 8 feet to 12 feet, and extending the 12-foot channel to within 300 feet of the railroad bridge; also the dredging of the 19-acre anchorage south of the channel and the 27.5-acre an- chorage west of the highway bridge. The controlling depth in the channel at mean low water, in De- cember 1953, from the ocean to the inshore ends of the jetties was 10.7 feet, and thence, in April 1953, to the railroad bridge 9.0 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $300,000 contributed funds expended for new work, were $335,342 for new work and $768,254 for maintenance, a total of $1,103,596. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 195112 New work: Appropriated---_---------------- ------------ ------ ---- --- _$374, -_ 342 Cost _ -------- 374, 342 Maintenance: Appropriated - -$6, 347 $650 $6, 200 $76, 500 $209, 653 865, 324 Cost__ - - -2, 683 650 4, 676 62, 160 129, 579 3 769, 387 1Includes $39,000 for new work and $2,054 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $300,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 3 Pending adjustment in the amount of $921 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------..- $595, 000 172 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 17. NEW JERSEY INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY Location. This waterway, a sea-level inland water route approxi- mately parallel with the New Jersey coast, extends from the Atlantic Ocean at Manasquan Inlet, about 26 miles south of Sandy Hook, N. J., to Delaware Bay about 3 miles above Cape May Point. The waterway extends through the inlet and up Manasquan River a dis- tance of about 2 miles; thence by the Manasquan-Bayhead Canal through high ground for a distance of 2 miles to the head of Barnegat Bay. It then passes through a series of bays, lagoons, and thorough- fares along the New Jersey coast to Cape May Harbor; thence across Cape May County to Delaware Bay through a land cut by way of the New England Creek basin. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 234, 795, 825, 826, 827, 1216, 1217, 1218, and 1219.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and generally 100 feet wide, extending from the Atlantic Ocean at Manasquan Inlet, N. J., to Delaware Bay above Cape May, N. J., by the further improvement of Manasquan River and Inlet, N. J., and the present New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway, and by the construction of a canal of similar dimensions from Cape May Harbor to Delaware Bay via the New England Creek basin, with adequate jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance. The total length of the project is about 117 miles. Normal tidal range in sections of the waterway remote from inlets is 0.5 foot. Near the inlets the mean tidal range generally is 3 feet; in the ocean, 4 feet; at the head of Cape May Harbor, 4.6 feet; and in Delaware Bay, near the entrance, 4.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $54,000, ex- clusive of $1,824,940 Navy Department funds and $99,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $160,000. The portion of the project extending from Manasquan River to Cape May Harbor is to be restudied and is excluded from the new work cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $6,470,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 133, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (Public 525, 79th Cong., 2d sess., as extended by Public Law No. 240, 82d Cong., dated October 30, 1951), authorized the use for a period not to exceed 6 years, of funds from appropriations heretofore or hereafter made for maintenance and improvement of rivers and harbors, for the maintenance of the canal from Cape May Harbor to Delaware Bay constructed as an emergency wartime project with Navy Department funds, including the cost of maintaining the temporary railroad and seashore highway bridges over the canal. Local cooperation. The project is subject to the conditions that the State of New Jersey cede to the United States all right, title, and interest that it has acquired to lands, easements, rights-of-way, and structures other than bridges for the Manasquan-Bayhead Canal; RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 173 that the State of New Jersey furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and disposal areas required for construction of the Cape May Canal and for improvement of the proposed waterway and for their subsequent maintenance; that local interests provide, maintain, and operate suitable bridges over the waterway; that the State of New Jersey donate to the United States the navigation aids in use on the present New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway; and that the State of New Jersey hold and save the United States and its agents free from any claims for damages resulting from the work of improvement. Compliance with these conditions was completed January 15, 1954, except that local interests are required to furnish disposal areas for the construction and the subsequent maintenance of the proposed improvement. Terminal facilities. There are numerous piers, wharves, and docks at resorts located at or adjacent to the waterway, most of which are open to general public use, and fuel, water, and other supplies are readily available. Public and privately owned boat basins are located in a number of streams entering the bays and thoroughfares through which the waterway passes. Boat repair and storage yards with marine railways for small craft are also scattered along the waterway. Transfer facilities, including facilities for icing, storing, and shipping food fish, are available at most of the larger communities along the waterway, including Atlantic City, Wildwood, and Cape May. The plants at the two latter places have direct railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, contract: Under a contract for dredging to 6-foot depth in the channel between Great Egg Harbor Bay and Great Sound, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, all work was completed on July 20, 1954. A total of 37,335 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $10,791. Dredging in Cape May Canal to 10-foot depth was commenced February 14 and completed March 11, 1955. A total of 103,334 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed. The costs were $66,431. Maintenance, hired labor: Banks and ditches along Cape May Canal were maintained at a cost of $5, and surveys and channel examinations of the waterway were made at a cost of $8,048, making a total of $8,053. The cost of all work was $85,275 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 25 percent complete. A canal 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Cape May Harbor to Delaware Bay was completed in 1942; 2 parallel stone jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance and a temporary highway drawbridge in 1943; and a temporary highway drawbridge and a rail- road bridge in 1944, all with Navy Department funds. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Atlantic Ocean at Manasquan Inlet to Cape May Harbor. 174 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The latest examinations show controlling depths, at mean low water, as follows: Depths Date Section Left Midchannel Righ outside for half forhal Right outside quarter width quarter Feet Feet Feet May 1946 ..--. N. Y. & L. B. RR. bridge (Manasquan----------. --- 19. 2 River) to Bayhead. Bayhead to point opposite Waretown---__ ......--- ----- Thence to Little Egg Inlet_..--..---- ----- I-.-..----- - 1 5. 2 -1 2. 9 - Thence to Albany Ave., Atlantic City_----.-----.-------- 1 3.0 .. Thence to 9th St., Ocean City-----------------------------1 5. 7 -- June 1954 ...... Thence to Townsend Inlet-------........- ----------- __ 1 4. 5 January 1954... Thence to Rio Grande Ave. Bridge, Wild- ----------- _ 1 5. 2 wood. May 1946_..... Thence to Cape May Harbor------.-----------.---.__... 1 8. 9 March 1955-- Thence via Cape May Canal to Delaware 8.1 10.6 9.0 Bay. 1 In 80 percent of channel width. The costs under the existing project, excluding $1,824,940 expended for new work and $286,954 for maintenance from Navy Department funds and $99,000 contributed funds expended for new work, were $53,694 for new work, $464,166 for maintenance, and $40,000 for operating and care, a total of $557,860. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated_------------- ------------------------------------------------ $53, 695 Cost------------------------------------------- --------------- 53, 695 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $31, 000 $32, 800 $14, 587 $191, 000 $12, 300 511, 187 Cost_ _ _ -- - 40, 013 34, 379 15, 908 103, 426 92, 458 3 503, 771 1In addition, $1,824,940 Navy Department funds and $99,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 2 In addition, $286,955 Navy Department funds were expended for maintenance. 3Pending adjustment in the amount of $395 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- ------------- $6, 470, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 175 18. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount Report Operation required to for- Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Absecon Creek, N. J__.__. .______ . ._______ 1950 $11, 935 $68, 230 (1) 2. Alloway Creek, N. J.2 3_________________ 1931 21,398 33, 002 (1) 3. Appoquinimink River, Del.2 3 4_____.......... 1931 36, 973 41, 099 $15, 000 4. B ig T im b er C reek, N . J __.... . .. .. .___ .___ 1949 5 58, 665 11, 397 (1) 5. Broadkill River, Del.2 2 3_____ 1953 68, 228 101, 854 6. Chester River, Pa. 3 6 7_____..... ............ 1931 6, 000 650 26, 000 7. Cohansey River, N. J____ 1953 8 146, 756 194, 657 (1) 8. Cold Spring Inlet, N. J___3 _ 1954 9 879, 275 765, 819 (1) 9. Cooper River, N. J___ ________..._...._ 1954 33, 102 235, 988 (1) 10. Delaware River, N. Y., N. J., and Pa., 3 at or near the mouth of Neversink River. 4 10-o_-- 1917 -------------- -------------- 1164, 000 11. Dennis Creek, N. J.323_ 1897 4, 701 (1) 12. Double Creek, N. J.3_________________ 1912 7, 800 (12) (1) 13. Goshen Creek, N. J.2 3 1905 15,359 870 (1) 14. Harbor of Refuge, Delaware Bay, Del........ 1952 135, 162, 230 120, 456 (1) 15. Ice Harbor at Marcus Hook, Pa.14 ..._...... 1928 208,964 14, 336 (1) 16. Ice Harbor at New Castle, Del.14 ___.__ . 1898 224, 704 (1) 17. Inland Waterway from Chincoteague Bay, Va. to Del. Bay, 2Del.3 15____________________ 1939 16168, 412 1718 42, 794 (1) 18. Leipsic River, Del. 3____ ...... _..__ _.. _.. 1931 36, 956 32, 243 (1) 19. Little Egg Harbor, N. J.3 10___________________ (19) 15,048 (1) 20. L i t t l e R iv e r , D e l .3_._. . . . . . . . . 1946 12, 016 47, 808 (1) 21. Mantua Creek, N. J_ ____ 1954 166, 687 183, 825 (1) 22. Maurice River, N. J.20______________ __ 1948 21143, 984 122, 381 132, 000 23. Oldmans Creek, N. J.2 3 4_ 1941 31,188 31, 736 260, 800 24. Raccoon Creek, N. J_ _ 1949 2283, 665 218, 936 (1) 25. Rancocas River, N. J.2 4____ ________ 1942 44, 500 13, 090 138, 500 26. Salem River, N. J.23._. _ _. 1947 Delaware River to fixed bridge 27.......... 24107, 634 173, 346 (1) Penns Neck Bridge to fixed bridge 25________ -------------- 2828, 200 27. Smyrna River, Del___________________---- _ 1949 Delaware River to wharf at Smyrna Land- ing 2728. . . _. . . . 198, 844 609 195, (1) Wharf at Smyrna Landing to fixed bridge 29 .. .1950 . 11, 200 28. St. Jones River, Del.2________.................. Delaware Bay to landing at Dover 2730 .... 207, 102 65, 318 (1) Landing at Dover upstream 29. . 19, 000 Jetties and new entrance at mouth 29_ -.... 1, 361, 500 29. Toms River, N. J.3........................... Channel 5 feet deep 27_ 10, 050 19,985 (1) Channel 12 feet deep 29__-__ .............. 1 27, --- 093 . 46 355, 000 30. Woodbury Creek, N. J.2 3 3127, 093 55, 406 (1) 1 Completed. 2 Channel adequate for commerce. 8No commerce reported. 4 Inactive. Cost estimate last revised in 1954. 5 Exclusive of $50,000 contributed by local interests. 6 Inactive. Cost estimate last revised in 1951. 7 Includes $6,000 new work and $62.98 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. s Includes $36,000 new work funds expended on previous projects. 9 Exclusive of $100,000 contributed by local interests and $50,000 Navy funds expended for new work. 10Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 11Exclusive of amount to be contributed by local interests. The authorization of this project provided for local interests to deposit with the United States $54,780 for the accomplishment of certain work. The latest estimate (1954) for this work is $153,500. 12Maintenance assumed by local interests as required by law. 13Includes $2,749,452 new work funds expended on previous projects. 14Harbor not now required for commerce. 15Cost of maintaining bridges assumed by State of Delaware. 16 Entire amount expended on previous project repealed in 1905. 17Exclusive of $2,000 contributed by State of Delaware. 18 Includes $25,330 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 19Last appropriation for the project was in 1852. No information is at hand relative to the work done. 20Awaiting local cooperation. 21Includes $43,000 new work funds expended on previous projects. 22Includes $557 new work funds expended on previous projects. 23Includes $55,809 new work and $48,000 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. Active por- tion of project. 24Exclusive of $51,825 contributed by local interests. 25Deferred. Dredged under previous project to 9 feet deep. Cost estimate last revised in 1953. 26 In addition, local interests are required to contribute an equal amount. 27Active portion of project. 28Includes $55,085 new work and $22,723 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 29Deferred. Cost estimate last revised in 1954. 30Includes $54,590 new work and $28,936 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 31Includes $2,950 new work funds expended on previous projects. 363037-55-vol. 2- 12 176 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 19. BEAR CREEK RESERVOIR, LEHIGH RIVER, PA. Location. The site of Bear Creek Reservoir is in northeastern Pennsylvania on the Lehigh River between White Haven and Stod- dartsville. The dam site is a short distance below the mouth of Bear Creek, approximately 60 miles above the city of Allentown, and 77 miles above the confluence of the Lehigh River with the Delaware River at Easton, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet "Stoddartsville, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a single- purpose flood-control reservoir having a capacity of 110,000 acre-feet, formed by an earth dam 3,000 feet long at the crest, rising 234 feet above the river bed, with gate-controlled outlet works discharging through a tunnel in the west abutment, and a spillway located in the dam. The reservoir will control the runoff from a drainage area of 288 square miles. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 587, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The current estimate of Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $17,515,000 for construction and $385,000 for lands and damages, a total of $17,900,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary planning in connection with the outlet works and minor revisions in design was in progress. The costs were $17,677. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done on the project. Preparation of plans and specifications is about 34 percent complete. The costs under the project were $511,160 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated --- __-- $90,000 -$68, 027_ $4, 517 $15, 000 $511, 490 Cost.. ___________ __ 31,072 434 - 1,867 17, 498 1510, 855 1 Pending adjustment in the amount of $305 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------ --- $635 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--__-------_____________ ---- --- 635 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------- 17, 388, 500 20. ALLENTOWN, LEHIGH RIVER, PA. Location. Allentown is located in Lehigh County on the Lehigh River, 17 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheets, "Allentown and Allentown West Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for widening and deepening the channel of Lehigh River and easing the abrupt turn and approaches thereto at the mouth of Little Lehigh Creek; it also FLOOD CONTROL-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 177 provides for a training dike and levees, and the necessary appur- tenant structures. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 587, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The current estimate of Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $2,130,000 for construction. The estimated local cost for lands, damages, and utility alterations, revised in 1955, is $50,000. Local cooperation. Assurances of cooperation have not been fur- nished by local interests. Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous engineer- ing investigations and minor studies were made at a cost of $157. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done on the project. Advance engineering and design is about 41 percent completed. The costs under the project were $89,461 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-... $40, 000 $20, 000 $25, 000 $5, 000 -$539 $89, 461 Cost ....------------------ 942 43, 867 30,003 14, 455 194 89, 461 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project______________ $2, 040, 000 21. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures full re- June 30, 1955 Estimated amount Name of project Annual port see required Report Construc- Operation to fort Ction and main- complete tenance 1. Bethlehem, Lehigh River, Pa_ 1950 ----- _- - - __-- - - --- $8, 150, 000 2. Dyberry Reservoir, Pa.-------------------- 1953 $128, 370 ------ - 7, 211, 600 3. Mt. Holly, N. J_ 1946 283, 655 (2) (3) 4. Prompton Reservoir, Pa. ---------- 1953 167, 315 - 5, 412, 700 1To be restudied. Cost estimate last revised in 1954. 2Maintenance assumed by local authorities as required by act authorizing the project. a Completed. 22. COLD SPRING INLET (CAPE MAY HARBOR), N. J. Location. Cold Spring Inlet is located 6 miles east of the point of Cape May, the southwestern extremity of the New Jersey coast- line, at the entrance to Delaware Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. The area to be protected comprises a portion of shore frontage of Cape May City, about 12,700 feet long, midway between Cold Spring Inlet and the point of Cape May. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 234, 827, 1218, and 1219.) Emisting project. This provides for Federal participation in beach erosion control through the contribution of funds equal to one-third of the first cost of protective and improvement measures along the publicly owned frontage of Cape May City, N. J., under the policy set 178 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 forth in Public Law 727, 79th Congress, approved August 13, 1946, or 20.4 percent of the total cost. The recommended plan includes placing sandfill to restore the beach, construction of 5 new timber groins, and extension of 5 existing stone groins between Wilmington Avenue and a point 3,300 feet west of Windsor Avenue. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 206, 83d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. The estimated Federal share of the cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $275,000. The estimated cost to local interests, revised in 1955, is $1,075,000. Local cooperation. The project was approved subject to the pro- visions that local interests: (a) Adopt the recommended plan of restoration and protection; (b) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers prior to commencement of work, detailed plans and spe- cifications and the arrangements for prosecuting the work; (c) assure maintenance of the protective and improvement measures during their useful life, as may be required to serve their intended purpose, includ- ing replenishment of the stockpile; (d) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way; (e) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (f) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (g) assure continued public ownership of the shore upon which the amount of Federal participation is based, and its administration for public use only. The Board of Commissioners of the City of Cape May, in a resolution adopted May 13, 1955, agreed to and accepted the requirements of local cooperation. This assur- ance has not been accepted. Operations and results during fiscal year. Federal funds: None. Cape May City funds: None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The overall project commenced in 1951 was about 20 percent completed. Local interests have con- structed 2 new groins of stone in lieu of timber construction and extended 3 stone groins. The work remaining to be done is the construction of 3 new groins, the extension of 2 groins, and the place- ment of material to restore the beach. Inspection of the completed work will be made in fiscal year 1956, and payment of the Federal share will be made following acceptance of the work. The estimated total cost to local interests was $270,000. Cost to the United States: None. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _.. $60, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------- 60, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----------------------------- 215, 000 23. OCEAN CITY, N. J. Location. Ocean City is located on the coast of New Jersey about 35 miles northeast of Cape May, the southern tip of the State at the entrance to Delaware Bay. The project area lies between Surf Road, SHORE PROTECTION-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 179 near Great Egg Inlet, and 12th Street, a distance of about 9,050 feet, of which 31.7 percent is municipally owned. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 827 and 1217.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in beach erosion control through the contribution of funds in an amount equal to one-third of the first cost of the measures for the protection and improvement of the publicly owned portions of the shore of Ocean City, N. J. between Surf Avenue and Twelfth Street, under the policy set forth in Public Law 727, 79th Congress, approved August 13, 1946, or 10.6 percent of the total cost of the work. The recommended plan comprises artificial placement of suitable sand fill on the ocean shore to widen the beach to a width of approximately 300 feet seaward of the boardwalk or bulkhead to the mean high waterline and the ex- tension of 7 existing stone groins as deferred construction when experience indicates the need therefor. The estimated Federal share of the cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $108,000. The estimated cost to local interests, revised in 1955, is $912,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 184, 83d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The project was approved subject to the pro- visions that local interests will: (a) Adopt the recommended plan of protection and improvement; (b) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers, prior to commencement of work, detailed plans and specifications for the project and also arrangements for prosecuting the work; (c) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way; and (d) give assurances satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers that they will: (1) Maintain the protective meas- ures during their useful life, as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (2) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (3) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted, and (4) assure continued public ownership of the shore upon which the amount of Federal participa- tion is based, and its administration for public use only. The Board of Commissioners of Ocean City, in a resolution adopted February 25, 1955, gave assurances of compliance with the require- ments of local cooperation. These assurances were accepted by the Chief of Engineers on April 7, 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. Federal funds: None. Ocean City funds: Extension of the stone groins at Ninth Street and Fifth Street were completed at an estimated cost of $153,000. Condition at end of fiscal year. The overall project was com- menced in 1952 and was about 47 percent completed. Placement of beach-fill along the ocean front was completed in 1952. Extension of 2 stone groins was completed in 1955. The work remaining to be done is the extension of 5 stone groins. Inspection of the completed work will be made in fiscal year 1956, and payment of the Federal share will be made following acceptance of the work. The estimated total cost to local interests was $636,000. Cost to the United States: none. 180 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - - - $67, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------_ --------------------------------- 67, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ----------------------------------- 41, 000 24. ATLANTIC CITY, N. J. Location. Atlantic City is located on the coast of New Jersey about 45 miles northeast of Cape May, the southern tip of the State at the entrance to the Delaware Bay. It is about 60 miles from Philadelphia, Pa., and 125 miles from New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 826 and 1217.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in beach erosion control through the contribution of funds equal to one-third of the first cost of protective and improvement measures at Atlantic City, N. J., under the policy set forth in Public Law 727, 79th Con- gress, approved August 13, 1946. These measures comprise: replace- ment of a damaged concrete seawall by a steel-sheet-pile wall; construction of a stone jetty about 4,800 feet long extending from Brigantine Island parallel to and about 2,300 feet from Maine Avenue bulkhead; revetment of the bulkhead along Maine Avenue; construc- tion of two new groins, and extension of existing groins along Maine Avenue; artificial placement of sandfill to widen the ocean and inlet beaches; extension of the Oriental Avenue jetty; construction of five new timber groins on the ocean frontage; and extension of the stone groin at Vermont Avenue. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 538, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. The estimated Federal share of the cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $2,263,000. The estimated cost to local interests, revised in 1955, is $4,527,000. Local cooperation. The project was approved subject to the pro- visions that local interests: (a) Adopt the recommended plan of restoration and protection; (b) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers, prior to commencement of the work, detailed plans and specifications and the arrangements for prosecuting the work; (a) assure maintenance of the protective and improvement measures during their useful life, as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (d) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, ease- ments and rights-of-way; (e) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (f) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (g) assure continued public ownership of the beach and its administration for public use only. The Board of Commissioners of Atlantic City adopted resolutions on November 26, 1954, and January 6, 1955, providing the necessary assurances of local cooperation. These assurances were accepted by the Chief of Engineers on March 8, 1955. SHORE PROTECTION-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 181 Operations and results during fiscal year. Federal funds: None. Atlantic City funds: The second section of the stone jetty off Brigantine Island was completed at a cost of $296,973. Condition at end of fiscal year. The overall project was commenced in 1948 and was about 44 percent completed. Hydraulic placement of sandfill was completed in 1948. Construction of 5 timber groins along the ocean frontage was completed in 1950. Replacement of a damaged concrete seawall was completed in 1951. The revetment of Maine Avenue bulkhead was 31 percent complete, and 2 groins in that section were extended. The stone jetty off Brigantine Island is 32 percent completed. The work remaining to be done is the completion of the revetment of Maine Avenue bulkhead; completion of the stone jetty off Brigantine Island; the extension of the Oriental Avenue jetty; and the extension of Vermont Avenue groin. Inspection of the completed work will be made in fiscal year 1956, and payment of the Federal share will be made following acceptance of the work. The estimated total cost to local interests for new work was $2,368,000. Cost to the United States: None. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__- $906, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956----------- --------------------- 906, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_------------------- ___ 1, 357, 000 25. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of general investigations during the fiscal year was $52,547, and the expenditures were $48,807. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $15,626, will be applied to expenses to be incurred under this heading. Additional funds in the amount of $56,700 can be profitably expended during the next fiscal year. 26. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA There were no costs and no expenditures during the fiscal year. No funds are required for the next fiscal year. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS, AND FLOOD CONTROL IN THE BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT This district comprises the watershed of the Susquehanna River and its tributaries downstream from the mouth of the Chemung River at its confluence with the Susquehanna River, through central Pennsylvania to its mouth in the Chesapeake Bay; eastern Maryland, southwestern Delaware, and eastern Virginia, embracing Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries north of Cove Point, Md., on the western shore of the bay, and Onancock River, Va., on the eastern shore, and the watersheds tributary to the Atlantic Ocean between the southern boundary of Delaware and a point north of White Creek and Gar- gathy Inlet on the Atlantic coast. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Baltimore Harbor and Chan- 22. Anchorage at Lowes Wharf, nels, Md____ 183 Talbot County, Md .. 216 2. Baltimore Harbor, Md., col- 23. Nanticoke River, Bivalve, lection and removal of Wicomico County, Md_ _ 216 drift. 188 24. Rhodes Point to Tylerton, 3. Northeast River, Md ...... 189 Somerset County, Md. .. 217 4. Rock Hall Harbor, Md .... 190 25. Other authorized navigation 5. Chester River, Md ---- 192 projects__----- ----- - . 218 6. Queenstown Harbor, Md_ __ 193 7. Knapps Narrows, Md ...- 194 Flood control 8. Honga River and Tar Bay (Barren Island Gaps), 26. Swoyersville and Forty Fort, Md _ _ _ _ _ __ __ 195 Pa_ 219 9. Fishing Bay, Md_ 197 27. Kingston-Edwardsville, 10. Wicomico River, Md ...... 198 Susquehanna River Pa__ 221 11. Lower thoroughfare at or 28. West Branch of the Susque- near Wenona, Deal Island, hanna River, Pa__..- _ 222 Md 200 29. Williamsport, Susquehanna 12. Crisfield Harbor, Md ...... 201 River, Pa 224 13. Pocomoke River, Md ..... 204 30. York, Codorus Creek, Pa__ 227 14. Twitch Cove and Big Thor- 31. Other authorized flood-con- oughfare River, Md ..... 206 trol projects_ 228 15. Starlings Creek, Va ....... 207 32. Inspection of completed proj- 16. Tangier Channel, Va_ 208 ects_ 229 17. Waterway on the coast of 33. Flood-control work under Virginia 209 special authorization .... 229 18. Ocean City Harbor and Inlet and Sinepuxent Bay, Md_ 211 General investigations 19. Fishing Creek, Md ....... 213 20. Deep Creek, Accomack 34. Examinations and surveys _ 230 County, Va ............ 214 35. Collection and study of basic 21. Little Creek, Kent Island, data ------- 230 Queen Annes County, Md_ 215 1. BALTIMORE HARBOR AND CHANNELS, MD. Location. Baltimore Harbor is situated at the head of the navi- gable portion of the Patapsco River about 12 miles from Chesapeake Bay. The river rises near the town of Westminster in Carroll County, 183 184 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Md., and flows in a general southeasterly direction for about 65 miles to enter the Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 549.) Previousprojects. Patapsco River: The original project was dated July 4, 1836. Modifications were contained in the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1'852; June 10, 1872; March 3, 1881; June 3, 1896; March 3, 1905; March 3, 1909; February 27, 1911; and March 4, 1913. Middle Branch: The original project was dated June 3, 1896. Curtis Bay: The original project was dated July 13, 1892. It was modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. York Spit: The original project was dated March 3, 1905. For further details, see pages 1787 and 1788 of the Annual Report for 191'5, and page 389 of the Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides: (1) A uniform main channel depth of 39 feet between Cape Charles, Va., and Fort McHenry, Balti- more, Md., with dimensions as follows: 39 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide between the curves of 39-foot depth in Chesapeake Bay opposite York Spit, a distance of about 6.77 miles (under jurisdiction of the Norfolk, Va., District); 39 feet deep and a general width of 600 feet from the 39-foot depth curve in Chesapeake Bay to Fort McHenry on the Patapsco River, a distance of about 20 miles; (2) for branch channels with dimensions as follows: 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the main channel to head of Curtis Bay, a distance of about 21/5 miles; 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the main channel at Fort McHenry to Port Covington entrance channel, thence 150 feet wide to Ferry Bar, and thence 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Hanover Street Bridge, a total distance of about 22/5 miles; (3) for widening the angle between the Fort McHenry and Ferry Bar Sections; (4) for widening at the approaches and bends; (5) for the following anchorages-Fort McHenry Anchorage, 3,500 feet long, 400 feet wide, and 35 feet deep; Riverview Anchorage No. 1, 4,500 feet long, 1,500 feet wide, and 35 feet deep; Riverview Anchorage No. 2, 2,400 feet long, 1,200 feet wide, and 30 feet deep; Quarantine Anchorage, 3,500 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 35 feet deep; (6) it is further provided that as rapidly as the city of Baltimore, at its own expense, provides the 35-foot depth into the Northwest Branch (inner harbor) the United States shall take over the maintenance of that depth (the United States maintains a channel 35 feet deep, varying in width from 550 feet to 1,200 feet, and 5,100 feet in length from Fort McHenry to and along the south- west side of the inner harbor and a channel generally 950 feet wide and 5,000 feet in length along the easterly side of the inner harbor) ; (7) for a connecting channel with a depth of 27 feet and width of 400 feet from Cutoff-Brewerton Angle in the main channel to the inland waterway from Delaware River to Chesapeake Bay; (8) for a channel in Curtis Creek with a depth of 35 feet and width of 200 feet from the head of the existing 35-foot project channel in Curtis Bay to a point in the creek about 750 feet below the Pennington Avenue Bridge; (9) for a channel in Curtis Creek 22 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide from the 22-foot depth curve immediately below the Pennington Avenue Bridge to and along the marginal wharf of the United States ordnance depot; a basin 18 feet deep over an irregular area of about 3 acres at the head and adjacent to the 22-foot channel; and a basin RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 185 15 feet deep and generally 450 feet wide from the head of the 22-foot channel to the upper end of the marginal wharf; (10) and for a chan- nel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 22-foot depth curve south of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad bridge to the vicinity of Arundel Cove, a distance of about 2,800 feet, thence 100 feet wide in Arundel Cove for a distance of about 2,100 feet; with an anchorage basin approximately 700 feet square adjacent to the channel southwesterly of the Coast Guard wharf. The cost of new work for the completed project was $8,329,403 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $250,000. Widening the 35-foot depth from Port Covington channel from 1'50 feet to 400 feet to Ferry Bar, widening the 27-foot depth channel from 150 feet to 250 feet to Hanover Street Bridge, and providing a channel 27 feet deep by 250 feet wide to the Western Maryland Rail- way bridge with an anchorage and turning basin at the upper end is considered to be an inactive portion of the project and is excluded from the foregoing estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $1,603,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1905 Main channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide through- H. Doc. 186, 57th Cong., 2d sess. out. Mar. 3, 1909 Anchorage basin near intersection of Fort McHenry and Curtis Bay Channels (within original limit of cost authorized by act of Mar. 2, 1907). Feb. 27,1911 Width increased at entrances and bends (increase to be made within the limit of original estimate). Aug. 8,1917 Branch channel 35 feet deep to head of Curtis Bay, H. Doc. 799, 64th Cong., 1st sess. and one 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from Fort McHenry to Port Covington entrance channel, thence 150 feet wide to Ferry Bar, and thence 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Hanover Street Bridge, widening at approaches and bends, and enlarge- ment of the anchorage basin near the entrance. Inclusion of Patapsco River and2 tributaries into one project for Baltimore Harbor. Jan. 21, 1927 Change in location of the anchorage near upper end of the Fort McHenry Channel. July 3, 1930 Increased anchorage facilities__ ------......---- Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 11, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Do ..._ For 37-foot depth in that portion of channel to Balti- H. Doc. 29, 71st Cong., 1st sess.' more lying between the 37-foot depth curve near Baltimore Light to the Sparrows Point Entrance Channel; widening the angle between Fort Mc- Henry and Ferry Bar Section; and for width of 400 feet in the Curtis Bay section. Oct. 17,1940 For the 22-, 18-, and 15-foot channels in Curtis Creek Adopted as a national-defense proj- from the 22-foot depth below Pennington Ave. ect (no printed report). Bridge to the upper end of the marginal wharf of the United States Ordnance Depot. Mar. 2, 1945 Uniform main channel 39 feet deep from the ocean H. Doc. 741, 79th Cong., 2d sess. through York Spit Section and Craighill Entrance to Fort McHenry, additional anchorage area 2,400 feet long, 1,200 feet wide, and 30 feet deep; a con- necting channel 400 feet wide and 27 feet deep from Cutoff-Brewerton Angle in the main channel to the Inland waterway from Delaware River to Chesa- peake Bay; a channel in Curtis Creek 200 feet wide and 35 feet deep from the head of the existing 35- foot project channel in Curtis Bay to a point in the creek about 750 feet below the Pennington Ave. Bridge. See footnotes at end of table. 186 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1945 A channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 22- In accordance with plans on file in foot depth curve south of the Baltimore & Ohio the Office, Chief of Engineers. RR. bridge to the vicinity of Arundel Cove, a dis- tance of about 2,800 feet, thence 100 feet wide in Arundel Cove for a distance of about 2,100 feet; with an anchorage basin approximately 700 feet square adjacent to the channel southwesterly of the Coast Guard wharf. F 1 Contains latest published maps. V 2 Exclusive of the portion considered to be inactive. The inactive portion is widening the 35-foot depth channel from 150 feet to 400 feet from Port Covington to Ferry Bar, widening the 27-foot depth channel from 150 feet to 250 feet to Hanover Street bridge, and providing a channel 27 feet deep by 250 feet wide to the Western Maryland Railway bridge with an anchorage and turning basin at the upper end. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, required that on all new work under the project approved by that act, except the channel into Curtis Bay, improvement by the United States is conditional upon local interests providing, free of cost to the United States, suitable disposal areas behind bulkheads or other revetment, satisfactory to the district engineer, whenever required by the Chief of Engineers. This condition has been met as far as the channel has been completed. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, provided for increased anchorage facilities subject to the provisions that no work shall be started on the area therein recommended until local interests have provided suitable disposal areas satisfactory to the district engineer alongside of bulkheads behind which said interests will agree to pump the material without delay to the Government work; or, in lieu of the above requirement, agree to contribute the sum of 5 cents per cubic yard, scow measure, to cover the additional cost to the United States for disposal of the material on its own dumping area. This condition has been met. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, required that responsi- ble local interests agree to hold and save the United States free from claims for damage resulting from the work. This condition has been met in a resolution adopted by the city council of Baltimore and ap- proved by the mayor on March 1, 1949. Terminal facilities. The Port of Baltimore consists of 46 miles of waterfront, 30 of which miles are developed. There are 271 piers, wharves, and docks in Baltimore Harbor with depths in the berthing areas ranging up to 40 feet at mean low water. Most deep draft ship- ping, other than that handled at the wharves of the numerous indus- trial plants, is concentrated at the modern ocean terminals operated by three trunkline railroads, the Baltimore & Ohio, the Pennsylvania, and the Western Maryland; and by a terminal railroad, the Canton. All of these terminals are equipped with depressed or apron tracks permitting the transfer of cargoes directly between ship and car. Fa- cilities also are provided at the rail terminals for the receipt and de- livery of motor truck freight. The railroads, with tracks extending to all portions of the port area, have voluntarily granted 5 days free time on piers to truck freight on both imports and exports. The sup- porting yards for the railroad terminals can accommodate a total of 11,800 cars and the combined ground storage capacity is 32,250 cars. Major facilities in the port include 3 grain elevators with a total capac- RIVERS AND HARBORS--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 187 ity of approximately 12 million bushels, 15 modern ore cranes with a total rated unloading capacity of more than 11,000 tons per hour, 30 public general merchandise warehouses, 3 modern cold storage facili- ties, 4 coal piers, 13 oil receiving stations and 2 refining plants, and 12 shipbuilding and ship repair yards. The shipbuilding and repair yards are equipped with facilities for handling every type of vessel construction, conversion, and repair. The facilities include 11 ship- ways ranging in length from 150 to 650 feet, 7 floating drydocks with lifting capacities of from 6,000 tons to 20,000 tons, 2 graving docks and 7 marine railways in addition to numerous outfitting piers and shops. All piers are accessible by adequate paved highways. A municipally owned beltline railway some 3 miles long encircles the upper end of the inner harbor and connects the tracks of the Baltimore & Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Western Maryland Railroads. The latest descrip- tion of terminal facilities is contained in the publication entitled "Port Series No. 10 (Revised 1946)" on the Port of Baltimore, Md., issued by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. The State legislature has authorized the city of Baltimore to incur an indebtedness of $60 million for further development of port facili- ties. The Port of Baltimore Commission, which is charged with ad- ministration under this authorization, is reviewing requests from various companies who desire to obtain funds for construction and reconstruction of port facilities. The Commission is presently proc- essing applications for loans totaling more than $41 million. The Commission expects work utilizing most of these funds to begin in the near future. Under authorization granted by the former Port De- velopment Commission, the following work was completed: An $8,- 500,000 terminal pier at Port Covington, and a $1,500,000 terminal pier on the Canton area of the port. The Port of Baltimore Commis- sion, with more liberal financing po wers, replaced the Port Develop- ment Commission. The City of Baltimore expends about $100,000 annually for rehabili- tation of existing structures. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work operations by hired labor, consisted of preparation of final reports and records drawings showing the condition of the main channel upon completion of dredging on March 18, 1954. Maintenance dredging, by the U. S. hopper dredge Essayons, to restore project dimensions in the Craighill-Cutoff Angle, Cutoff- Brewerton Angle, Brewerton Section and in the connecting channel from the Cutoff -Brewerton Angle to the inland waterway from Dela- ware River to Chesapeake Bay, commenced April 25, 1955, and was completed May 31, 1955. A total of 1,664,805 cubic yards, place measure, of material was removed and deposited on the authorized dumping area in Chesapeake Bay at Kent Island, Md. A survey to determine the condition of Quarantine Anchorage and the main channel from Craighill Entrance to the Sparrows Point Entrance Channel was made by hired labor. The total costs were $247,445, of which $5,368 was for new work, and $242,077 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The active portion of the existing project, excluding the York Spit Channel which is under the jurisdic- 188 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tion of the Norfolk District, was completed in 1954. The controlling dimensions are as follows: Section Depth Width Date ascer- (feet) (feet) tained Craighill Entrance ______________ .__- .. . -___- _ 38. 0 600-1, 500 April 1954. Craighill Section___ _______________-___-__-___-__ 38. 6 600 March 1955. Craighill-Cutoff Angle........----------------------------------- 36. 5 600-1, 729 June 1955. Cutoff Section____________________________ _____ 38. 4 600 March 1955 Cutoff-Brewerton Angle___ .... _____...._______.. ...... ____... 36. 7 600-1, 540 June 1955. Brewerton Section_ ____________________ _______.. 38. 8 600 June 1955. Brewerton, Fort McHenry Angle_ .--___. __________ 40. 3 600-1, 240 May 1953. Fort McHenry Section ----------------------------------- ....... 39. 0 600 October 1952. Northwest Branch (Inner Harbor): East Side Channel ...... ----------------------------------- 35. 0 950 June 1950. West Side Channel.................-----------------------------------. 35. 0 950 June 1950. Turning Basin ____________... .......__...-_.....-.... 30. 0 950-1, 200 June 1950. Curtis Bay____... __.............__ ____-_.... ---- ___ ....... 35.0 400 October 1951. Ferry Bar (to a point opposite Western Maryland Railway 35. 0 400 October 1951. piers). Ferry Bar (from a point opposite Western Maryland Railway 19. 0 170 January 1950. piers to Ferry Bar). Spring Garden Channel (Ferry Bar to Hanover Street 19.0 180 January 1950. Bridge). Spring Garden Channel (to old Southwest Baltimore Chan- 9. 5 250 August 1938. nel) . Connecting Channel to the Inland Waterway from Delaware 26. 5 400 June 1955. River to Chesapeake Bay. Quarantine Anchorage_ ..__ __--.--------------------__ 32. 8 450 February 1955. Fort McHenry Anchorage ...----------------------------------- 34. 0 400 July 1946. Riverview Anchorage No. 1.....................-------------------------------. 33. 0 1, 500 June 1952. Riverview Anchorage No. 2 ..........------------------------------ 30. 0 1, 200 February 1952. Curtis Creek: Main channel_ ----------- --------------------------- 35. 0 200 June 1948. Approach channel to Ordnance Depot.------------------ 22. 0 200 July 1941. Southerly Anchorage Area ------------------------------ 15. 5 450 July 1941. Easterly Anchorage Area__------------------------------ 18. 2 320 July 1941. Channel to Arundel Cove ..----------------------------- 19. 4 200 April 1946. Channel in Arundel Cove _________________________ 21.1 100 April 1946. Anchorage Basin in front of Coast Guard Yard ......... 20. 5 700 April 1946. The total costs under the existing project (including York Spit Channel prior to fiscal year 1942) were $15,535,488, of which $8,329,403 was for new work and $7,206,085 was for maintenance. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated-------.......--.. $650, 000 $800, 000 $497, 000 $250, 000 -$19, 192 $17, 093, 406 Cost-........-....-_.. - 1, 029, 700 619, 380 709, 960 427, 574 5, 368 17, 093, 406 Maintenance: Appropriated ....--------- 431, 491 369, 500 335, 000 33, 761 231,900 7, 610, 274 Cost----- - ---- 42, 073 698, 355 345, 932 97, 743 242, 077 7, 605, 887 1 Includes $8,764,003 for new work and $399,802 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project----------------_ ---------- (2) 2 Active portion: none; inactive portion: $1,603,000. 2. BALTIMORE HARBOR, MD., COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF DRIFT Location. The project applies to Baltimore Harbor, Md., and its tributaries. Iris.ting project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift from Baltimore Harbor and its tributary waters, and authorizes RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT . 189 the Secretary of the Army to allot such amounts as may be necessary for the work from appropriations for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works or other available appropriations, and that this work shall be carried as a separate and distinct project. It is wholly a work of maintenance. The purpose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of obstruction. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $45,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948. Terminal facilities. Described in the report for Baltimore Harbor and Channels, Md. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations, by hired labor, consisted of the collection and disposal of 43,497 cubic feet (339.8 cords) of driftwood, ranging from small blocks up to timbers of large 'dimensions. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $46,400. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is one of continuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Navigation has been made safer by continual patrol of the harbor and removal of drift material. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $260,919. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ..--------------- ---------------------------------------------- Cost----- ----------------------------------- ------------------------- Maintenance: Appropriated--.--...... --- $57, 919 $30, 000 $30, 000 $38, 000 $45, 000 $260,919 Cost-----------------. 55, 144 33, 759 31, 097 36, 600 46, 400 260, 919 3. NORTHEAST RIVER, MD. Location. The river is a tidal waterway extending southwestward 5.5 miles from the junction of its branches in the town of North East to the head of Chesapeake Bay, .6miles north of the entrance to the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Chart No. 1226.) Previous projects. In 1872 and 1880 appropriations aggregating $15,500 were made for dredging a channel 6 feet deep. A project for improvement was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890. For further details see page 135 of Annual Report for 1893, and page 368 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 60 feet wide and 7 feet deep at mean low water from that depth in the river to the foot of Church Street in the town of North East, enlarged at its upper end to form a basin 120 feet wide and 300 feet long. The mean range of tide is 2.25 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $7,849, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) ap- 190 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 proved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $1,000. The exist- ing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 248, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as required for subsequent main- tenance. Terminal facilities. There are a few lightly constructed landings for small boats scattered along the waterfront of North East. There are two fish-packing plants, two marine railways, several bulkhead wharves, and a number of small boathouses. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey to determine the condition of the project was made by hired labor during April 1955. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $300. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1939. The controlling depth at mean low water, was 5.5 feet in the channel and anchorage basin, ascertained in April 1955. The total costs were $19,951, of which $7,849 was for new work and $12,102 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 New work: ......... Appropriated-------- ----------------------------------------------------- $28,489 Cost--------------- ------ ------------------------------------------------ 28, 489 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... ------------- -------------------------- $300 12, 102 - Cost-----------------..................-------------------------- ------- -- 300 12, 102 1Includes $20,640 for new work for previous project. 4. ROOK HALL HARBOR, MD. Location. Rock Hall Harbor is a shallow, open cove on the east side of Chesapeake Bay immediately to the south of Swan Point and 23 miles southeast of Baltimore. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts No. 548 and 1226.) Previous projects. The original project was dated June 3, 1896. Modifications were made by the River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, and March 4, 1913. For further details, see page 493 of the Annual Report for 1920, and page 370 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. Provides for a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 10-foot depth curve in Swan Creek Inlet to a channel of the same dimensions, 700 feet in length parallel to the harbor terminals at Rock Hall; an anchorage basin of the same depth 100 feet wide, 250 feet long in a northwesterly extension of the channel fronting the harbor terminals; an anchorage basin 8 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 350 feet long on an extension of the centerline of the 10-foot basin; with an anchorage basin 8 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 600 feet long attached to and extending in a southwesterly direc- tion from the west end of the above mentioned 8-foot basin; with twin breakwaters at the harbor entrance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 191 The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $110,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,300. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 204, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 273, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Local interests have constructed a bulkhead 500 feet long and have acquired and reserved for public use an area 100 feet wide behind the bulkhead with a highway connection thereto. It is required that they furnish free of cost to the United States, when and as required, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the improvements. It is believed these terms will be met. Terminal facilities. There are several private terminals, a marine railway, a public timber-pile wharf, and a public bulkhead wharf about 500 feet long. Present facilities are adequate for existing and reasonably prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey to determine the condition of the channel was made during November 1954 by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $263. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is about 50 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is that authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948, which provides for: deepen- ing to 10 feet and widening to 100 feet the approach channel from the 10-foot contour in Swan Creek Inlet to the existing channel parallel to the harbor terminals and enlarging the latter channel to equal dimensions; deepening the easterly 250 feet of the existing proj- ect basin to 10 feet and its westerly 350 feet to 8 feet; and dredging a new anchorage basin 600 feet long, 200 feet wide, and 8 feet deep attached to and extending in a southwesterly direction from the west end of the existing basin. A condition survey in November 1954 dis- closed the following controlling depths: 8.5 feet in the entrance chan- nel, 7.2 feet in the channel parallel to the harbor terminals, and 6.8 feet in the anchorage basin. The total costs of the existing project were $52,802, of which $52,000 was for new work and $802 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated.---------.-------- --------- .------------------------------------ $139,757 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 139, 757 Maintenance: ------------- Appropraited......... ------------------------------------ $263 10,564 Cost ---------------------------------------------------------- 263 10,564 1 Includes $87,757 for new work and $9,762 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-_. $58, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 58, 000 363037-55---vol. 2-13 192 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 5. CHESTER RIVER, MD. Location. Chester River rises in Kent County, Del., flows in a generally southwesterly direction, and empties into Chesapeake Bay. Its total length is about 50 miles. Kent Island Narrows is a passage connecting Chester River and Eastern Bay. Wells Cove is an in- dentation on the easterly side of Kent Island Narrows about 0.4 mile south of the highway bridge crossing the Narrows. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 548 and 1226.) Previous projects. The original project for the main river was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. For further details, see page 333 of Annual Report for 1935. Existing project. Provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from Crumpton to Jones Landing, the length of the section included in the project being about 5.5 miles, the lower end of the section being about 37 miles above the mouth of the river; for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide from Chester River to Eastern Bay through Kent Island Narrows; and a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide, extending from the 7-foot depth curve in Kent Island Narrows 800 feet into Wells Cove with a basin of the same depth and 300 feet square at the head of the channel. The mean range of tide is 2.4 feet. The cost of new work for the completed portion of the project was $32,454, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,400. Widening the 7-foot depth channel from 75 feet to 100 feet from Chester River to Eastern Bay through Kent Island Narrows is considered to be an inactive portion of the project and is excluded from the foregoing estimate. The cost of this portion was last re- vised in 1954, and was estimated to be $15,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873, and September 19, 1890 (H. Ex. Doc. 65, 51st Cong., 1st sess.), and June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 380, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Maps of the locality are printed in House Documents 797 and 1587, 63d Congress, 2d and 3d sessions, respectively, and in House Document 380, 80th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are required to furnish spoil-disposal areas for future maintenance of the Wells Cove section of the project. Assurances of local co- operation were accepted by the Secretary of the Army on Febru- ary 16, 1950. Terminal facilities. There are two bulkhead wharves on the Ches- ter River section, in poor condition, with dockage room of 100 and 120 feet, and available depths of 2 and 6 feet, respectively. In Kent Island Narrows there are 8 timber pile wharves adjacent to crab and oyster houses, in fair condition, aggregating approximately 700 lineal feet of dockage, with available depths of from 3 to 13 feet. In Wells 'Cove there is a small wharf, a small marine railway, and a public landing. All of the facilities are privately owned except the public landing on Wells Cove. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operation and results dwring fiscal year. Dredging by contract to restore the Kent Island Narrows section of the project to a depth of RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 193 7 feet and a width of 75 feet commenced May 10, 1955, and was completed May 28, 1955. A total of 35,826 cubic yards of material was removed and deposited on authorized dumping areas ashore. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $15,652. Condition at end of fiscal year. The active portion of the existing project was completed in 1950. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 2.4 feet from Crumpton to Jones Landing, ascertained in October 1946; 7.5 feet in the Kent Island Narrows section from Eastern Bay to the bridge, ascertained in May 1955; 2.6 feet from the bridge to Chester River, ascertained in June 1954; 7.0 feet in the !Eastern Bay section, ascertained in June 1954; and 7.7 feet in the channel and anchorage basin in Wells Cove, ascertained in May 1950. The total costs were $155,863, of which $32,454 was for new work and $123,409 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated-..------- -$2, 008 ...........----------------------------------------------............ $70, 495 Cost----------------- 76 ............------------............------------ 70,495 Maintenance: Appropriated------ -- -644 ------------...........------------ $2, 000 $23, 500 131, 852 Cost-----------------........ 220-----------------------............ 1, 405 15, 652 123, 409 I Includes $38,041 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project---------------------- (2) 2 Active portion: none; Inactive portion: $15,500. 6. QUEENSTOWN HARBOR, MD. Location. Queenstown Creek is an estuary of Chester River about 2 miles long on the easterly side of the Chesapeake Bay about 35 miles southeast of Baltimore. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 548.) Previous projects. The original project was dated March 3, 1871. The cost and expenditures on it prior to adoption of the existing project in 1902 were $19,000. For further details of previous projects see page 1789 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide from that depth in Chester River to the 10-foot contour in Queenstown Creek, a distance of about 4,000 feet; and for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide extending from the 7-foot contour in Queenstown Creek to and includ- ing a mooring basin of the same depth and 300 feet square opposite the town wharf in Little Queenstown Creek. The mean range of tide. is about 1.3 feet; however, greater fluctuations frequently result from prolonged or high winds. " The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $58,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 92, 56th Cong., 1st sess.) and September 194 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 718, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Maps are published in the project documents. Local cooperation. None required for the 10-foot depth and 200- foot width portion of the project, authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. Under the remaining portion of the project, authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, local interests are to furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project, including such damage as may occur to the public or leased oyster beds. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. There are several small private wharves and bulkheads on Little Queenstown Creek. A public bulkhead wharf has been constructed and dredging to a depth of 7 feet of the area :around the wharf has been accomplished by order of the town com- missioners of Queenstown, Md. Local interests are planning to install gasoline tanks on the town wharf in the near future. Adequate space is available for the construction of additional private or public wharves. Operations andresults during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1911, except for work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The project as a whole is 45 percent complete. The controlling depth in the completed portion of the project is 3.2 feet, at mean low water, for half-channel width, ascer- tained in March 1946. No work has been done on the portion of the project authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, and its condition is as described in the project document. The total costs were $53,500, of which $25,858, was for new work and $27,642 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated------------------------------------------------------------........................ $44, 858 Cost.---------------------- -- ------------ ------------------------------------ 44,858 Maintenance: Appropriated-....---..-------....---------------------...------.........------------ ------------ 27, 642 Cost-----------..----------------------------------------------------------............ 27, 642 ' Includes $19,000 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-- ------ ------- $32, 000 ----- 7. KNAPPS NARROWS, MD. Location. This waterway is a small channel separating Tilgh- man Island from the mainland of the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay about 40 miles south of Baltimore, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1225.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 195 Existing project. This provides for a channel 9 feet deep at mean low water, 75 feet wide, widened at the bends from deep water in Chesapeake Bay to deep water in Harris Creek, Md., with a turning basin located west of the drawbridge, 7 feet deep at mean low water, approximately 320 feet long and 120 feet wide. The mean range of tide is 1.4 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $46,121. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $5,500. The existing project channel was authorized by the Public Works Administration September 16, 1933, and subsequently adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. (See H. Doc. 308, 72d Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as needed for future maintenance. Terminal facilities. There is a bulkhead wharf on each side of the southerly abutment of the bridge across the Narrows. In addition, there are several small-boat landings within the Narrows and three marine railways for the repair of boats of few feet draft. A bulkhead landing is available for public use on three sides of the turning basin. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey to determine the condition of the project was made by hired labor during Novem- ber 1954. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $268. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1935. The controlling depth at mean low water was 2.8 feet in the channel and basin, ascertained in November 1954. The total costs were $91,793, of which $46,121 (Public Works funds) was for new work, and $45,672 (regular funds) was for maintenance. Cost and frnanciaZ summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S-30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated -...... .------------ ------------------------ ------------ ------------ 1 $46, 121 Cost----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ---------- ----------- 146, 121 Maintenance: Appropriated......... -$1, 413 . ........... $268 45, 672 Cost................---------------- 1 ----------- --------------------- --- 268 45, 672 1Includes $46,121 public works funds. 8. HONGA RIVER AND TAR BAY (BARREN ISLAND GAPS), MD. Location. Honga River is a tidal estuary of Chesapeake Bay and penetrates Dorchester County on the Eastern Shore of Maryland be- tween Hooper Islands and the mainland; Tar Bay is a water area between Barren Island and the mainland peninsula and Hooper Islands. Fishing Creek connects Tar Bay and Honga River. Back Creek is a branch of Honga River extending into Hooper Islands, the mouth is about 2 miles south of Fishing Creek. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 60 feet wide and 196 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 7 feet deep at mean low water from the 7-foot contour in Chesapeake Bay, through Tar Bay and Fishing Creek to the 7-foot contour in Honga River, a length of 25,300 feet; and for a channel in Back Creek 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from the 7-foot depth curve in Honga River to a point near the head of Back Creek, with a turning basin of the same depth, 150 feet long and 200 feet wide at the head of the channel, a length of about 5,500 feet. The mean range of tide is about 1.4 feet. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $73,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $10,300. The existing project was adopted under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 and by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 35, 74th Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 580, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). Maps are published in the project documents. Local cooperation. The project was modified subject to the con- ditions that local interests provide, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and disposal areas for execution of the project and for subsequent maintenance, as and when required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project; and provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, a suitable public land- ing and approach channel. Local interests have constructed the public landing, have made available sufficient spoil-disposal areas, and are prepared to dredge the approach channel to the landing at the time the project is dredged. Terminal facilities. Numerous small private wharves are scattered along Fishing Creek and Back Creek. A public wharf is located on Fishing Creek. A public wharf, four oyster houses and a marine railway are located on Back Creek. The facilities are adequate for existing and reasonably prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging by contract to restore the channel from Chesapeake Bay, through Tar Bay and Fishing Creek to Honga River, commenced April 19, 1955, and was completed May 8, 1955. A total of 109,300 cubic yards of material was removed and deposited on authorized dumping areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $39,730. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 39 percent complete. The channel from Chesapeake Bay, through Tar Bay and Fishing Creek to Honga River, was completed in 1935. The work remaining to be done is the Back Creek section of the project, which was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948. The controlling depth in the Honga River and Tar Bay section of the project was 7.4 feet, at mean low water, ascertained in May 1955. The condition of the Back Creek section is as described in the project doc- ument. The total costs were $123,800, of which $27,668 (Emergency Relief funds) and $951 (regular funds) were for new work and $95,181 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 197 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated------- ........--- $41, 049 ....-------......-------------....------------------------ $28, 619 Cost .------------------ 82 ......--------------------- ------------ ------------ 128,619 Maintenance: Appropriated- ........---- ..---- ... - $2, 500 -$594 $2, 400 $39, 900 95, 655 Cost... ...----------------...------------.. 2, 989 -1,083 2,096 39,730 95, 181 'Includes $27,668 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - $45, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ ----------------------------------- 45,000 9. FISHING BAY, MD. Location. McCreadys Creek, Goose Creek, and Farm Creek are small tidal estuaries of Fishing Bay, a large estuary at the head of Tangier Sound. Fishing Bay is connected by Hooper Strait with Chesapeake Bay to the west about 15 miles above the mouth of Poto- mac River. McCreadys Creek enters the bay about 31/2 miles above the mouth. Farm Creek enters Fishing Bay about 6 miles above the mouth and approximately opposite the mouth of McCreadys Creek. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for channels 6 feet deep and gen- erally 60 feet wide at mean low water, suitably widened where neces- sary to offer adequate sheltered anchorage space from deep water in Fishing Bay to the vicinity of the county or packing house wharves in McCreadys Creek, Farm Creek, and Goose Creek. The mean range of tide is about 2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $33,874. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $5,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937. (See H. Doc. 186, 75th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Terminal facilities. A public wharf built with the aid of Federal funds is located on McCreadys Creek about 200 feet above the mouth. There is a privately owned pile-and-timber pier about 1,500 feet above the mouth of Goose Creek. There are two privately owned wharves on Farm Creek. There is also a public wharf owned by Dorchester County. The private wharves on each of the waterways are open to the public for transaction of business with the owners. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey to determine the condition of the channels in Goose Creek, McCreadys Creek, and Farm Creek was made in April 1955. The total costs, all for main- tenance, were $700. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1939 and restored in 1949. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 4 feet in Goose Creek and McCreadys Creek and 4.8 feet in Farm Creek, ascertained in April 1955. The total costs were $81,103, of which $33,874 was for new work and $47,229 was for maintenance. 198 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--- .....-- ...-------.--- -------.--------- ----------------- ------------ $33, 874 Cost------..............---------------------............---------------------------------------- 33,874 Maintenance: Appropriated_ ---------.---. ---- ------------------------------------ $700 47, 229 Cost...--------- ------------------------------------ --- 700 47, 229 10. WICOMICO RIVER, MD. Location. Wicomico River has its source in the northern part of Wicomico County, Md., and flows in a generally southwardly direc- tion, emptying into Monie Bay, a tributary of Tangier Sound on the east side of Chesapeake Bay about 85 miles southeast of Baltimore. Webster Cove is the site of an improved small-boat harbor located on the southeast bank of the Wicomico River about 3 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 567 and 1224.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872. For further details see page 1789 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 380 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 14 feet deep and 150 feet wide from Chesapeake Bay to Salisbury, the length of the section included in the project being 37 miles, including about 12 miles from the mouth of the river to Chesapeake Bay; a depth of 14 feet in the channels and turning basins in the north and south prongs with channel widths of 100 feet, and a channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide extending from the 6-foot contour in Wicomico River to and including a basin in Webster Cove of the same depth, 100 feet wide and 400 feet long; and extension of the basin 200 feet long and 100 feet wide on each side. The plane of reference is mean low water. Mean range of tide is about 3 feet and the extreme tidal range is 4.4 feet. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $429,000, ex- clusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $27,900. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 199 Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Channel 9 feet deep from Main St. Bridge to about H. Doc. No. 20, 51st Cong., 1st 2 miles below. sess., and Annual Report, 1890, p. 947. June 25,1910 Extension of 9-foot depth into the north prong from H. Doc. No. 569, 61st Cong., 2d Main Street Bridge to the Salisbury Dam and turn- sess. ing basin. Mar. 2, 1919 Extension of 9-foot depth into south prong to the head H. Doc. No. 1509, 63d Cong., 3d of navigation at Cathell St., including a turning sess. basin and extending the project down to the mouth of the river in Monie Bay. July 3,1930 A 12-foot channel below the Main Street Bridge. Aug. 26, 1937 A 14-foot channel, 150 feet wide; depths of 14 feet in Senate Committee 1 Print, 75th the north and south prongs and a basin 6 feet deep Cong., 1st sess. at Webster Cove and approach channel thereto of the same depth. Sept. 3,1954 Enlarge the existing basin at Webster Cove, by dredg- H. Doc. No. 619, 81st Cong., 2d ing an extension 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 200 sess.' feet long on each side of the existing basin to form a T-shaped harbor. I Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work authorized under the River and Harbor Act approved August 26, 1937, and prior acts, except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as re- quired for future maintenance. Work authorized under the River and Harbor Act approved Sep- tember 3, 1954, requires that local interests agree to: (1) provide with- out cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement and furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; (2) acquire and reserve for pub- lic use a strip of land at least 50 feet wide on the southeast side abutting the Federal right-of-way required for the extension of the basin in Webster Cove and a 10-foot right-of-way on all other sides of the extension and on the northeast side of the existing basin to guar- antee free public access; and (3) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to construction and maintenance of the proj- ect, including such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. The present water front at Salisbury consists of pile-and-timber bulkheads with earth fills. Some of the wharves have warehouses and factories with mechanical freight-handling fa- cilities and rail sidings. With the exception of a wharf on the north prong, owned by the State roads commission, and a wharf on the south prong, owned by the county, all of the terminals are privately owned. A shipyard, with 2 marine railways with capacities of 1,200 and 500 tons, respectively, is located on the right bank of the river below the prongs. Areas for the development of new terminals on the north and south prongs are limited. Areas for a considerable ex- pansion of terminal facilities are available on the main river. A pub- lic wharf on the main river at Salisbury is desirable but not essential. There is a pile-and-timber wharf which is situated about 4 miles above the mouth of the river at Mount Vernon. There is a wharf of similar construction at White Haven. 200 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 There is a county wharf at the head of the basin in Webster Cove, a pile-and-timber pier at the oyster house on the southwest side of the basin, a T-shaped pile-and-timber pier at the cafe on the southwest side of the basin and several small timber piers or walkways that have been constructed around the basin by local interests. Fueling facilities are available at the T-shaped pier. Sufficient areas are avail- able for the construction of additional facilities when required. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The sections of the project author- ized by the River and Harbor Act approved August 26, 1937, and prior acts were completed in 1942. The work remaining to be done is enlarging the basin in Webster Cove authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 11 feet in the main river channel, 12.5 feet in the north prong for half-project width and 10 feet in the re- mainder ascertained in April 1949; 13 feet in the south prong for half-project width and 7 feet in the remainder, ascertained in August 1947; 2.1 feet in the Webster Cove channel for 80 percent of the project width, and 2.5 feet in the Webster Cove basin for 80 percent of the dredged width, ascertained in April 1954. The total costs were $742,376, of which $407,847 (regular funds) and $14,000 (contributed funds) were for new work, and $320,529 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated......--------- ..........------------.......... ............ ....................... 2 $457, 847 Cost.... ------------------------------------------------------ 457, 847 Maintenance: Appropriated--- ------------------------------------ $1, 500 -$287 320, 529 Cost----------- ------------------------------------ 1, 213 ............ 320, 529 1Includes $50,000 for new work for previous projects. 2In addition, $14,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--_-- __ - $21, 000 .------ 11. LOWER THOROUGHFARE, AT OR NEAR WENONA, DEAL ISLAND, MD. Location. This is a tidal waterway, about 11/2 miles long and from one-eighth to one-half mile wide, branching off from Tangier Sound between Deal Island and Little Deal Island, Md. It is about 12 miles north of Crisfield Harbor, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 78.) Previous project. The original project was dated March 3, 1881. For further details see page 1790 of Annual Report for 1915. Emisting project. This provides for a channel 60 feet wide and 7 feet deep from that depth in Tangier Sound to and including a moor- ing basin of the same depth, 100 feet wide and 300 feet long, in the marsh at the head of the cove at Wenona. The cost for new work for the completed project was $39,658, ex- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 201 elusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,700. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 A channel 6 feet deep, 80 feet wide, from Tangier H. Doc. 76, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Sound to the wharves at Wenona; widening the angles and the end to furnish anchorage basins. Mar. 2,1945 Modified to provide a channel 60 feet wide, 7 feet H. Doec. 238, 76th Cong., 1st sess. deep from Tangier Sound to and including a moor- (contains latest published map). ing basin 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, 300 feet long, in the marsh at the head of the cove at Wenona. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except local interests are required to furnish spoil-disposal areas for future maintenance. As- surances of local cooperation were accepted by the Chief of Engineers on November 18, 1948. Terminal facilities. There are three packing-house wharves and a small marine railway above the head of the project channel at Wenona. The facilities are privately owned but are open to the public for trans- action of business with the owners. Present facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Sufficient areas are available for the construc- tion of additional terminals when and as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey to determine the condition of the project was made by hired labor during January 1955. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $168. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed on July 31, 1950. The controlling depth is 5 feet at mean low water, in the channel and mooring basin, ascertained in January 1955. The total costs were $41,846, of which $39,658 was for new work and $2,188 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscalyears 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--... - -$3, 216 ------------ $44, 658 Cost-----------------.................. 136----------------------------------------------- 28, 44,658 Maintenance: Appropriated----------------------------------------- $394 $168 2,188 Cost........------------ ------------------------------------ 394 168 2,188 1 Includes $5,000 for new work for previous project. 12. CRISFIELD HARBOR, MD. Location. The harbor is situated along the western limits of the town of Crisfield on the east bank of Little Annemessex River, an estuary of Tangier Sound on the east side of Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1875, and modified by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1907. For further details see 202 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 page 1790 of Annual Report for 1915, page 432 of Annual Report for 1924, and page 384 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean law water, 425 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in Tangier Sound to Somers Cove Light, thence 266 feet wide to the bend about 1,800 feet southwest of the railroad pier, and thence of irregular width to a point opposite the Consumers Ice Co.; a spur channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the ice plant to Hop Point; a channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from the 7-foot depth curve in Little Annemessex River, via Cedar Creek, a land cut, and Daugherty Creek to Big Annemessex River; a mooring basin 7 feet deep, 160 feet wide and approximately 875 feet long roughly parallel to Brick Kiln Road, with a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide leading therefrom to the 7-foot project channel connecting Little Annemessex and Big Anne- messex Rivers; and for an anchorage basin in Somers Cove 10 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long, with an approach channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 10-foot depth curve in Little Annemessex River through a land cut in Jersey Island to the basin in Somers Cove. The mean range of tide at Crisfield is about 1.9 feet and the extreme range is about 6 feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $279,000 exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1925 A 12-foot channel of varying widths to opposite the H. Doc. 355, 68th Cong., 1st sess.l Consumers Ice Co., thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the ice plant to Hop Point. Aug. 26,1937 7-foot channel 100 feet wide from opposite Hop Point Rivers and Harbors Committee to an anchorage parallel to Brick Kiln Rd. Doc. 2, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Do-..... For the 7- by 60-foot channel in Little Annemessex H. Doc. 72, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' River. 1 Mar. 3, 1945 A mooring basin 7 feet deep, 160 feet wide, and ap- H. Doc. 457, 76th Cong., 1st sess. proximately 875 feet long roughly parallel to Brick Kiln Rd., with a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide leading therefrom to the 7-foot project channel connecting Little Annemessex and Big Annemes- sex Rivers. Sept. 3,1954 An anchorage basin in Somers Cove 10 by 600 by 1,000 H. Doc. 435, 81st Cong., 2d sess.' feet with an approach channel 10 by 100 feet from the 10-foot depth in Little Annemessex River through a land cut in Jersey Island to the south side of the basin. I Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for improvements author- ized under the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, and prior acts except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as required for future maintenance. The River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, modified the project to provide for an anchorage basin in Somers Cove and approach channel thereto subject to the conditions that local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the construction and maintenance of the project when and as required; remove existing structures from the area to be dredged; hold and save the United RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 203 States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; construct a suitable road connecting the lower portion of Jersey Island with Crisfield; and to contribute a sum equal to the estimated difference in cost between providing an entrance channel through the present entrance to Somers Cove and providing the channel across Jersey Island. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. The waterfront of Crisfield Harbor is built up principally with solid bulkhead wharves and pile-and-timber piers. The majority of the wharves are privately owned, but are open to the public for transaction of business with the owners. A few of the terminals have mechanical freight-handling devices, but most of the freight is transferred by hand. There are 3 boat-repair yards with marine railways having capacities up to 250 tons. The existing ter- minals are adequate for present and reasonably prospective commerce. Sufficient areas are available north of Hop Point and on Somers Cove for the construction of additional terminals as needed. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey to determine the condition of the channel from Little Annemessex River through Cedar Creek to Big Annemessex River was made during November and December 1954 by hired labor. The total costs, all for mainte- nance were $360. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in March 1948 except for the work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The controlling depths at mean low water were 11.3 feet in midchannel from Tangier Sound to Consumers Ice Company Wharf, ascertained in November 1954; 4.4 feet in midchan- nel from the ice plant to Hop Point, ascertained in August 1954; 4.6 feet in midchannel from Little Annemessex River to Big Annemessex River via Cedar and Dougherty Creeks, ascertained in December 1954; and 5.0 feet in the mooring basin adjacent to Brick Kiln Road and connecting channel, ascertained in December 1954. The condition of the basin in Somers Cove is as described in the project document. The work remaining to be done is providing an anchorage basin in Somers Cove and approach channel thereto authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The total costs under the existing project were $179,700, of which $176,455 was for new work and $3,245 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--------- ------ ----------------------------- ------- -- --------- $264,195 Cost-- ---------------- ------------------------------------------------ 264,195 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- ------ --------- ----------------- --------- $360 6,084 Cost---- ---- -------------------------------------------------- 360 6,084 1 Includes $87,740 for new work and $2,839 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------------- $102, 000 204 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 13. POCOMOKE RIVER, MD. Location. This river is a tributary of Pocomoke Sound, an estuary of and on the easterly side of Chesapeake Bay about 40 miles north of Cape Charles, Va. Previous projects. The original project for Pocomoke River was adopted June 18, 1878, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1789, Annual Report for 1915, and page 385, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 11 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide from the 11-foot depth in Pocomoke Sound to Tulls Point, thence 100 feet wide to deep water in Pocomoke River above Williams Point, and for construction of a dike along the offshore side of the channel between Tulls Point and the end of the existing dike; and a channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 to 130 feet wide from Shad Landing to above the bridge at Snow Hill, widened to 150 feet to form a turning basin at the upper end. The length of the project is about 8.7 miles from Pocomoke Sound to Williams Point, and about 4.5 miles from Shad Landing to Snow Hill, Md. Shad Landing is about 25.7 miles above the mouth of the river. The mean range of tide is 2.4 feet in Pocomoke Sound and 2.5 feet in the river at Snow Hill. Prolonged high winds on Chesapeake Bay frequently cause greater fluctuations. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $863,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $15,600. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3,1896 A 9-foot channel from Shad Landing to Snow Hill-... Annual report for 1895, p. 1167. 1 Aug. 30,1935 For a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide from H. Doc. 227, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Pocomoke Sound to Pocomoke River. 1 Mar. 2,1945 Extension of channel above bridge at Snow Hill, 100 H. Doc. 429, 76th Cong., 1st sess. feet wide, 9 feet deep, widened to 150 feet to form a turning basin at the upper end. 1 Sept. 3,1954 Channel 11 feet deep by 150 feet wide from Pocomoke H. Doc. 486, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Sound to Tulls Point, thence 100 feet wide to deep water in Pocomoke River above Williams Point, and dike construction along south side of channel from existing dike to Tulls Point. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for the section of the proj- ect from Pocomoke Sound to Pocomoke River and from Shad Landing to the highway bridge at Snow Hill, authorized by the acts of June 3, 1896, and August 30, 1935, except that local interests are required to furnish releases from damage to oyster beds and spoil-disposal areas as required for future maintenance. The terms of local cooperation for the section of the project above the highway bridge at Snow Hill, authorized by the Act of March 2, 1945, require that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as re- quired; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement; and contribute one-half the initial RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 205 cost of that portion of the project, but not to exceed $4,250. Local interests are continuing their efforts to comply with these require- ments. The terms of local cooperation for the 11-foot depth channel from Pocomoke Sound to deep water in Pocomoke River above Williams Point authorized by the act of September 3, 1954, require that local interests provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction and maintenance of the project, including such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. The waterfronts at Pocomoke City and Snow Hill are built up principally with earth-filled timber bulkheads, the majority of which are privately owned. A few of the warehouses and factories situated on the river at these communities have railroad sidings and mechanical freight-handling facilities. Any appreciable increase in commerce at Pocomoke City or Snow Hill would necessitate the construction of new facilities and repair of existing structures. Adequate space is available for development of additional terminals. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey to determine the condition of "The Muds" section of the project was made during March 1955 by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $500. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 19 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is extension of the channel to above the bridge at Snow Hill, construction of a channel 11 feet deep from Pocomoke Sound to Pocomoke River above Williams Point, and extension of the dike along the south side of the channel to Tulls Point. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 6.9 feet through "The Muds" to deep water in the river on the east side of Williams Point, ascertained in March 1955; 9 feet in the section in Pocomoke River from Shad Landing to Snow Hill, ascertained in March 1948; and 3.4 feet in the natural channel above the bridge at Snow Hill, ascertained in 1939. The controlling depth in the channel from Pocomoke Sound to Pocomoke River above Williams Point, authorized by the Act of September 3, 1954, is as described in the project document. The total costs were $423,901, of which $161,- 926 was for new work and $261,975 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated---------......... -$5, 531 ............ .................... ............ $182, 426 Cost..................---------........------------------------.............-------............ 182,426 Maintenance: Appropriated._ .. .-. - $90, 000 --- -$8, 229 ----- $500 261,975 Cost_- ------.--- ___-----.-- 2,198 $45, 784 33,789 500 261, 975 1 Includes $20,500 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project --------------------- $701, 000 206 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 14. TWITCH COVE AND BIG THOROUGHFARE RIVER, MD. Location. This is a tidal waterway about 4 miles long traversing Smith Island, Md., in a southeasterly direction from Chesapeake Bay on the west to Tangier Sound on the east. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from Twitch Cove on Tangier Sound through Big Thoroughfare River, thence through the canal at Ewell, Md., thence through Levering Creek and Big Thoroughfare River to the vicinity of Swan Point, thence of the same depth and 100 feet wide through the offshore bar to deep water in Chesapeake Bay, with twin stone jetties at the entrance, the north jetty being about 2,080 feet long, and the south jetty being about 1,800 feet long; an anchorage basin 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 700 feet long connecting with the west side of the existing project channel at Ewell; extension of the existing project channel in Levering Creek, 6 feet deep, 60 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long; and for a channel 4 feet deep and 25 feet wide around the point between Big Thoroughfare River and Tylers River. The mean range of tide is 1.7 feet, and the extreme tidal range is 3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $191,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 A channel 4 feet deep and 25 feet wide from Tangier H. Doc. 285, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Sound into Big Thoroughfare River, and one of the same dimensions around the point between said river and Tylers River. July 3, 1930 A channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 25 feet H. Doc. 313, 71st Cong., 2d sess. wide from Twitch Cove on Tangier Sound through Big Thoroughfare River to a point on Levering Creek about 800 feet north of the canal at Ewell, Md. Aug. 30,1935 A channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Twitch Rivers and Harbors Committee, Cove through Big Thoroughfare River to a point Doc. 67, 74th Cong., 1st sess. on Levering Creek about 800 feet north of the canal at Ewell, Md. June 20, 1938 Present project dimensions of the main channel with Rivers and Harbors Committee, twin jetties at the entrance. Doc. 49, 75th Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published maps). May 17, 1950 Anchorage basin 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 700 H. Doc. 340, 81st Cong., 1st sess. feet long on west side of project channel at Ewell, Md., and an extension of the existing project chan- nel in Levering Creek, 6 feet deep, 60 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to (1) furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, rights-of-way, and spoil- disposal areas for construction and maintenance of the improvement, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improve- ment; (3) acquire and reserve for public use an adequate land area adjacent to the anchorage basin with suitable access thereto; and (4) remove all structures within the limits of the proposed improvement. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminalfacilities. There are numerous privately owned pile-and- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, 'MD., DISTRICT 207 timber wharves and bulkheads at Ewell which are open to the public for business transactions with the owners. A county wharf is also located at the west end of the town. Five crab houses are situated on Levering Creek, and one oyster house is located on the project water- way west of the town of Ewell. Operation and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging, by contract, to restore the channel from Twitch Cove through Big Thoroughfare River to Chesapeake Bay was commenced March 29, 1955, and completed April 16, 1955. A total of 70,254 cubic yards of material was removed and deposited on authorized spoil areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $34,295. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in November 1940, except for work authorized by the River and Har- bor Act of May 17, 1950. The project as a whole is 86 percent com- plete. The controlling depths at mean low water were 7.2 feet from Tangier Sound to Ewell, and 8.1 feet from Ewell to deep water in Chesapeake Bay, ascertained in April 1955; and 4.0 feet in the channel in Tylers River, ascertained in September 1951. The condition of the portion of the project authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, is as described in the project document. The north and south jetties have settled in several places. The north jetty was re- paired during 1953. The total costs were $303,127, of which $164,175, was for new work and $138,952 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.........------------------------------------------------------------ $164,175 Cost--------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 164, 175 Maintenance: .... Appropriated__- . -- $11, 468 $45, 000 ----------------------- $27, 800 139, 484 Cost_ --- - -------- 2, 954 4, 007 $33, 042 $924 34, 295 138, 952 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ $27, 000, Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------- -27, 000, 15. STARLINGS CREEK, VA. Location. Starlings Creek, about 1,500 feet long, is an estuary of Pocomoke Sound at the southerly end of Saxis Island, Accomack County, Va., about 11 miles southereasterly of Crisfield, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1223 and 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from that depth in Pocomoke Sound to- the mouth of Starlings Creek, with a turning basin of the same depth and 1,000 feet long and 100 feet wide inside the entrance, all essentially as shown on the project map. The mean range of tide is 2.4 feet. The total cost for new work for the completed project was $16,537. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance 363037-55-vol. 2 14 208 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 is $4,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. (See Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 46, 74th Cong., 1st sess.) This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as needed for future maintenance. Terminal facilities. There is about 1,000 feet of bulkhead wharf available inside the creek, a portion of which is at public property and the balance is in front of the seafood packing houses. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging, by contract, to restore the project to authorized dimensions was commenced March 11, 1955, and completed March 21, 1955. A total of 51,300 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized disposal areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $20,037. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1937 and restored in 1943, 1948, and 1955. The controlling depth, at mean low water, was 7 feet in the channel and basin, ascertained in March 1955. The total costs were $72,360, of which $16,537 was for new work and $55,823 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .------ ------------ ----------------------............-------- ........------------ $16, 537 Cost-----------_ ----------------------------------------------------- - 16, 537 Maintenance: Appropriated .--------- ----------. -------------------- $1, 500 $20, 500 56,483 Cost ..----------- .....------------------------------------ 1, 303 20, 037 55, 823 16. TANGIER CHANNEL, VA. Location. This is a tidal channel about 1 mile long, extending from Tangier Island, Va., in a northeasterly direction to deep water in Tangier Sound, Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1223.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide from the 8-foot contour in Tangier Sound to day marker No. 4, and thence 8 feet deep and 60 feet wide to the town of Tangier, with an anchorage basin adjacent to the town 400 feet square and 7 feet deep. The length of the section included in the project is about 1 mile, its lower end extending into Tangier Sound. The mean range of tide is 1.7 feet and the extreme tidal range is 4.7 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $72,969. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $5,300. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. 107, 63d Cong., 1st sess.) ; changes in channel and anchorage dimensions were authorized by the Public Works Administration January 3, 1934, and by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 51, 72d Cong., 2d sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 209 (H. Doc. 141, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). These documents contain the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as needed for future maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are three privately owned pile-and-tim- ber piers and a small marine railway adacent to the west side of the anchorage basin at Tangier. The piers are generally open to the public when not in use by the owners. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations, by hired labor, consisted of preparing maps showing the condition of the proj- ect after completion of maintenance dredging in May 1954. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $767. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1948 and restored in 1954. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 9.5 feet in the approach channel from Tangier Sound, ascertained in May 1954; 5.7 feet in the entrance to the channel and 6.2 feet in the basin, ascertained in August 1953. The total costs were $161,981, of which $30,969 (Regular funds) and $42,000 (Public Work funds), were for new work and $89,012 (Regular funds) was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .. 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ........----- ------------ ............ ........... ------------ ------------ ----............-------------........................ 1 $72, 969 Cost-- --------------------------------------------------------------- 1 72, 969 Maintenance: Appropriated_ -------- $1,794 ........................ $29, 100 -$1, 403 89, 012 Cost................---------------- 1, 794 .........------------..-----------............-- 26, 929 767 89, 012 1 Includes $42,000 public works funds. 17. WATERWAY ON THE COAST OF VIRGINIA Location. The waterway lies between the barrier beach along the Atlantic Ocean on the east and the Virginia portion of the mainland peninsula on the west. It extends from the south end of Chincoteague Bay through a number of creeks, thoroughfares and bays, to enter Chesapeake Bay in the vicinity of Fishermens Inlet, just south of Cape Charles, the southern tip of the peninsula, for a distance of 83.7 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1220, 1221, and 1222.) Existing project. This provides for an inland waterway 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Chesapeake Bay to Chincoteague Bay, Va. The mean range of tide is about 3 feet. Greater fluctuations in water level are caused by high winds and storms. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $759,000. The latest (1954) approved -estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. 957, 60th Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 268, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. 210 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Local interests are to furnish free of cost to the United States, as and when required, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages resulting from the work of improvement. These terms have been partially met by local interests. Local in- terests are expected to meet the terms when required, and will furnish spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance. Terminal facilities. The larger towns in the area adjacent to the route of the desired improvement have fairly substantial pile-and- timber wharves which are used primarily by boats engaged in the seafood business. There are also a number of small landings scattered along the shore between the towns. The Pennsylvania Railroad owns and operates a water terminal at Franklin City. There are also wharves at the various Coast Guard stations in the area. All of the wharves are privately owned, but are open to the public for trans- action of business with the owners. No mechanical freight-handling facilities are available. The terminals are adequate for existing commerce. A material increase in commerce which would follow the proposed improvement makes desirable but not essential the erection of adequate terminals at Chincoteague, Wachapreague, Willis Wharf, and Oyster. Adequate public facilities are available at Ocean City. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging, by contract, to a depth of 4 feet and width of 60 feet in the channel in Kegotank Bay and a width of 50 feet in Bogues Bay continued and was completed on July 20, 1954. A total of 20,800 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized spoil areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $14,047. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 14 percent complete. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 3 feet in Cat River, ascertained in October 1945; 6 feet in Bogues Bay, ascertained in June 1954; 6.5 feet in Kegotank Bay, ascertained in July 1954; and 6 feet in the portion of the waterway between Gargathy Narrows and Northams Narrows, ascertained in July 1947. No work has been done on the remainder of the waterway and its condition is as described in the project document. The total costs of the existing project were $159,973, of which $107,298 was for new work and $52,675 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--- .......------------ ---------------------------------------------- $107, 298 Cost...---------- ------------ ---------------------------------------------- 107, 298 Maintenance: Appropriated_ - ------------ ------------ ------------ $27, 300 -$2, 813 52, 675 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ 10, 440 14, 047 52, 675 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -_-------- ($652, 000, RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 211 18. OCEAN CITY HARBOR AND INLET AND SINEPUXENT BAY, MD. Location. Ocean City is on a barrier island between Sinepuxent Bay and the Atlantic Ocean about 35 miles south of the entrance to Delaware Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1220.) Existing project. This provides for an inlet channel 300 feet wide and 16 feet deep from the 16-foot depth curve in Atlantic Ocean through the inlet to the channel in the Isle of Wight Bay, protected on the south side by a stone jetty with a top elevation of 6 feet above mean low water and a top width of 12 feet, and on the north side by a stone jetty with a top elevation of 9 feet above mean low water and a top width of generally 20 feet, thence generally 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep to the project harbor; a depth of 14 feet and 150 feet wide to the head of the harbor, a length of approximately 3,400 feet; a channel 6 feet deep and 150 feet wide in Sinepuxent Bay from the inlet to Green Point, and thence 100 feet wide in Chincoteague Bay; and for a channel 6 feet deep and 125 feet wide from the inlet channel to a point opposite North Eighth Street in Ocean City, thence 75 feet wide into the Isle of Wight Bay. Depths in the inlet channel and harbor refer to project datum. Depths in the bay channels refer to mean low water. The elevation of mean low water in the bays above mean low water in the ocean at Ocean City varies from about 0.8 foot in the vicinity of the inlet to 1.7 feet at their heads. The mean range of ocean tide is 3.4 feet. The extreme range is from 3 feet below mean low water to about 3.5 feet above mean high water, a total of 9.9 feet. In the bays the mean range of tide varies from approximately 2.5 feet at the inlet to 0.3 foot at their heads. Greater fluctuations are caused by prolonged high winds. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $508,000 exclusive of $500,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $48,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Aug. 30,1935 Construction of an inlet between the Atlantic Ocean Rivers and Harbors Committee and Sinepuxent Bay, 10 feet deep and 200 feet wide, Doc. 38, 72d Cong., 1st sess. protected by jetties, a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the inlet to Ocean City, 6 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Green Point, and 100 feet wide into Chincoteague Bay. Do 3 --... Modification providing a 10- by 100-foot channel Rivers and Harbors Committee from the inlet to the west side of the bay with 2 Doc. 60, 74th Cong., 1st sess. turning basins, a channel 6 feet deep 125 feet wide from the inlet channel to opposite North 8th St., Ocean City, and 75 feet wide into Isle of Wight Bay. Sept. 3,1954 Modification providing for raising the north jetty to H. Doc. No. 444, 82d Cong., 2d an elevation 9 feet above mean low water, and a sess. channel 300 feet wide and 16 feet deep from the ocean through the inlet to the Isle of Wight Bay channel, thence 200 feet to the project harbor, and a depth of 14 feet in the project harbor. Channel depths refer to project datum. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 16. 1933. The site chosen for the inlet under this authorization was that opened just south of Ocean City by natural forces during a severe storm in August 1933. This eliminated the necessity for an 8-foot channel from the inlet to Ocean City. ' Included in Emergency Relief program, 1935. 212 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with for the project adopted under authority of the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. Modification adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to. the improvements; and that prior to construction, responsible local interests furnish assurances that they will install and maintain ade- quate tank storage facilities at Ocean City for the handling of petroleum products. Terminal facilities. The facilities on the bay side of Ocean City include two storage basins, for pleasure and small commercial craft, and numerous privately owned pile and timber piers and bulkhead wharves. Facilities at the project harbor include a public landing about 1,000 feet long, several privately constructed bulkhead wharves open to the public for transaction of business with the owners, and a boat-repair yard with a marine railway capable of handling boats up to about 150 tons. The project harbor is served by the Baltimore, Chesapeake & Atlantic Railway, which has a spur line parallel to the harbor on the north side about 200 feet away. All the piers and wharves are accessible by highway. Adequate space is presently available for expansion of facilities as required. Terminal facilities for the channel across Sinepuxent Bay to Assateague Island consist of a county-owned timber bulkhead landing at both the South Point and Assateague Island termini of the channel. Adequate space is available for expansion of these facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging, by contract, to restore project dimensions in and at the entrance to the commercial fish harbor commenced on April 28, 1955, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 75,000 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized spoil areas. A contract was awarded during June 1955 for re- habilitation of the north jetty to provide for a top elevation of 9 feet above mean low water from the end of the existing concrete cap to a point approximately 600 feet in the Atlantic Ocean and raising of the concrete cap from 7 feet to 9 feet above mean low water for a distance of approximately 170 feet. Work is scheduled to commence during July 1955. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $50,786. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, except for work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of Septmber 3, 1954, was completed in 1936. The project as a whole is 85 percent complete. The controlling dimensions are as follows: Section Depth (feet) Width (feet) Date ascertained Inlet channel-----. .......------------------------------------- 5.0 200 February 1954. Commercial fish harbor__-----. ....-.... - __- -____- . 11.7 100 July 1948. Channel to Isle of Wight Bay Inlet to North 9th St__ _ . 8. 0 125 October 1944. North 9th St. into bay......... 2. 5 ..----------------------------------- 75 May 1954. Channel in Sinepuxent Bay _----.... ..-- ..-.-.-- - 5. 0 150 July 1947. Channel in Chincoteague Bay___-----------------.--....-. 5. 0 100 July 1947. RIVERS AND HARBORS--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 213 Depths refer to mean low water (Atlantic Ocean) at Ocean City, Md., which datum is lower than that in the bays. No work has been done on the modification of the project authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, and its condition is as described in the project document. The total costs of the existing project were $961,544, of which $283,008 (Public Works funds) and $67,185 (Emergency Relief funds) was for new work and $611,351 (Regular funds) was for maintenance. In addition, $500,000 of contributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------........ .........------------ ---------............---.......... ---------------- ------------ 1$350, 193 Cost.........------ ...------------------------------------------------------------ 1350,193 Maintenance: Appropriated........ - -$3, 314 $2, 000 $55, 000 -$436, 054 1, 003, 029 Cost------------------ 113 1,602 2,717 $46,270 50,786 611,351 1Includes $283,008 public works funds and $67,185 Emergency Relief funds; in addition, $500,000 contrib- uted funds was expended for new work. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project- - --- $158, 000 19. FISHING CREEK, MD. Location. This creek is a narrow winding tidal stream which enters Chesapeake Bay from the west 56 miles south of Baltimore and about 26 miles south of Annapolis, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1225.) Eaisting project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep with widths of 100 feet and 60 feet from deep water in Chesapeake Bay to an anchorage of the same depth, 120 feet wide and 400 feet long, located in the marsh 500 feet above the mouth of the creek, and for twin stone jetties at the entrance, the north jetty being about 1,050 feet long, and the south jetty being about 1,100 feet long. The mean tidal range is about 1 foot. The cost of new work for the completed project was $111,242. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 241, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as needed for future maintenance. Terminal facilities. Seven hundred feet of bulkhead wharf are available on the south side of the entrance channel running west from the bay shore, and a pile-and-timber wharf has been constructed on the west side of the basin by the United States Navy Department. Operationsand results during fiscal year. A survey to determine 214 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the condition of the project was made during April 1955 by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $190. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1942 and restored in 1944, 1945, 1947, 1951, and 1954. The controlling depth at mean low water was 3.5 feet in the channel and basin, ascertained in April 1955. The total costs were $207,726, of which $111,242 was for new work and $96,484 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: _ __-----_ Appropriated --------- ------------ _------------.------- .--- .----------- $111, 242 Cost...-------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------ 111, 242 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- -$7, 740 ------------ $24, 344 -$3, 907 $190 96, 484 Cost------------------ 23, 932 ------------ 1, 429 19, 007 190 96, 484 20. DEEP CREEK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VA. Location. Deep Creek, Va., is a small stream about 7 miles long on the western side of Delmarva peninsula and about 50 miles north of Cape Charles, Va. It flows in a general northerly direction through low marshy land and empties into Pocomoke Sound, an arm of Chesapeake Bay The width of the creek ranges from 1 mile at the mouth to 200 feet at the head of the tidal reach, 3 miles above the mouth. The locality is shown on U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1223. Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water, 75 feet wide, and about 2.4 miles long from the 7-foot depth in Pocomoke Sound to and including a turning basin of like depth; 200 feet wide and 300 feet long opposite the existing terminal facilities at the town of Deep Creek, Va. The mean tidal range is 2.4 feet, but prolonged or high winds frequently cause greater fluctuations. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955 is $95,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. No. 477, 81st Cong. 2d sess.) This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary land, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the construction and subsequent mainte- nance of the project when as required; remove the existing county wharf and all other structures within limits of the channel and its side slopes; construct an adequate public landing open to all on equal terms, and provide suitable public access thereto; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project, including such damages as may occur to public or leased oyster beds. Terminal facilities. There are two oyster houses, four crab houses, RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 215 one fish-packing plant, several bulkhead landings and timber piers, and one public wharf situated in Deep Creek. Adequate space is available for expansion. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done and the condition is as described in the project document. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project------------------- $95, 000 21. LITTLE CREEK, KENT ISLAND, QUEEN ANNES COUNTY, MD. Location. Little Creek is a tidal estuary, 2,600 feet long, tributary to Crab Alley Bay, which in turn joins Chesapeake Bay south of Kent Island, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1225.) Existing project. Provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from the 7-foot depth curve in Crab Alley Bay to and including a basin of the same depth, 150 feet wide and 250 feet long opposite the existing boatyard in Little Creek. The navi- gable section of Little Creek extends approximately 2,400 feet above its mouth, and the length of the section included in the project is about 1,850 feet. The mean range of tide is about 1.3 feet. Greater fluctuations are cau'sed by prolonged or high winds. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $25,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $850. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. (H. Doc. 715, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and mainte- nance of the project, including such damage as may occur to oyster beds; and provide and maintain at their own expense an adequate public wharf with suitable approach channel open to all on equal terms. It is believed that the conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. There are 2 marine railways, 1 boat building and repair yard, 4 oyster-packing houses of which 2 are also used for packing crabs in the summer season, and 4 privately owned commer- cial piers. A county wharf approximately 80 feet long and 60 feet wide of bulkhead solid fill construction, in good condition, is located along the westerly bank of Little Creek at the mouth. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done and the condition is as described in the project document. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project --..----...... $25, 000 216 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 22. ANCHORAGE AT LOWES WHARF, TALBOT COUNTY, MD. Location. Lowes Wharf is in Ferry Cove, also known as Haddaway Cove, a small indentation on the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay about 6 miles north of the Choptank River and 13 miles west of Easton, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1225.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 60 feet wide and 7 feet deep at mean low water from the 7-foot depth curve in Ferry Cove to and including a basin of the same depth, 200 feet wide and 300 feet long on the south side of Lowes Wharf. The mean tidal range is 1.4 feet; however, greater fluctuations frequently result from prolonged or high winds. The estimate of cost of new work, revised July 1955, is $29,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 90, 82d Cong., 1st sess.). This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; remove existing piling and any other structures within the limits of the work, construct an adequate public bulkheaded landing with access thereto; open to all on equal terms; and hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction and main- tenance of the project, including such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. Lowes Wharf, a solid-fill pier, with a seafood house located on the outer end, is the only terminal facility in Ferry Cove. The pier is open to watermen at all times for transaction of business with the owners. A landing for public use is not available, but local interests have offered to construct a public bulkhead on the north side of the desired basin. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done and the condition is as described in the project document. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------ __----------- $29, 000 23. NANTICOKE RIVER, BIVALVE, WICOMICO COUNTY, MD. Location. Bivalve is on the east bank of Nanticoke River,. a tidal arm of Tangier Sound on the east side of Chesapeake Bay. It is 6 miles above the mouth of the river and about 113 miles by water from Baltimore. Jacksons Gut is a slough through a marshland about one- quarter mile north of Bivalve. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a protected anchorage basin in Jacksons Gut 7 feet deep at mean low water, 150 feet wide, and 350 feet long initially, with an ultimate length of 550 feet after its use and need is found sufficient; and an approach channel of like depth, 60 RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 217 feet wide and about 1,400 feet long, extending from the 7-foot depth in Nanticoke River, protected by twin rock jetties about 1,000 feet long extending from the shore to the 4-foot depth in the river. The mean range of tide in the vicinity of Bivalve is about 2.5 feet. The estimate of Federal cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $182,000 for the initial development and $196,000 for the ultimate development. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,500 for the initial development and $2,600 for the ultimate development. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 91, 82d Cong., 1st sess.). Map of the locality is printed in this document. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suit- able spoil-disposal areas for initial work, and for subsequent mainte- nance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project, including such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds; provide and maintain a suitable bulkhead public landing on the basin with adequate approaches thereto; and relocate the existing power line across the mouth of Jacksons Gut. Terminal facilities. There are at present two timber-pile wharves located in a bulkhead area in the Nanticoke River at Bivalve. The bulkhead has deteriorated extensively due to the original use of un- treated timber piling and sheathing. One, a county wharf, is at the northeast corner of the area and the other near the southeast corner is at a seafood packing house. There are no wharves at Jacksons Gut. Sufficient areas are available for the construction of additional termi- nals by private interests. Operationsand results duringfiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done and the condition is as described in the project document. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _--------------- $196, 000 24. RHODES POINT TO TYLERTON, SOMERSET COUNTY, MD. Location. Rhodes Point and Tylerton are two settlements about 1.5 miles apart on Smith Island, which is located between Chesapeake Bay and Tangier Sound, about 60 miles north of the Virginia Capes and about 110 miles south of Baltimore. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 4 feet deep at mean low water and 50 feet wide from Tylerton to Rhodes Point via Rhodes Point Gut. The length of the project is about 5,400 feet. The mean range of tide is 1.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $46,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for maintenance is $500. The exist- ing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. No. 51, 82d Cong., 1st sess.). Map of the locality is published in the project document. 218 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way and suit- able spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent mainte- nance when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. Numerous pile-and-timber wharves are lo- cated along the water fronts at Rhodes Point and Tylerton. The facil- ities are privately owned but are open to the public, without charge, when not in use by the owners, and are adequate for existing com- merce. Sufficient space for the construction of additional facilities are available, if required. Operationsand results duringfiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done and the condition is as described in the project document. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---- $46, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 46, 000 25. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full re- Estimated amount Name of projectrt, Annuase Operation required Construc- and to Report tion mainte- complete for nance 1. Middle River and Dark Head Creek, Md.... 1947 1$38, 715 $2, 955 (2) 2. Susquehanna River above and below Havre de Grace, Md.: Active portion..______________.._ 1950 $293, 570 89, 492 (2) Inactive portion__ _..................... 1950 ....--.--.--..- ....-.........- 4 $30, 700 3. Elk and Little Elk Rivers, Md.: Active portion___...... ______ 1932 590, 121 6 44, 342 (2) Inactive portion......................... 1932 41048,00 4. Corsica River, M d_........................... 1948 739, 071 55, 908 (2) 5. Channel Connecting Plain Dealing Creek and Oak Creek, Md._................__. 1940 112 4148,400 6. Claiborne Harbor, Md ...................... 1933 42, 974 48, 584 (2) 7. Black Walnut Harbor, Md ...... 1950 32, 631 8. Tilghman Island Harbor, Md.8 9.............. 1922 30 4 11, 000 9. Tred Avon River, Md.: Active portion_ .......................... 1950 to 12, 693 4, 072 (2) Inactive portion........................._ 1950 458, 600 10. Town Creek, Md .............. _.._.......... 1950 43, 220 (2) 11. Island Creek, Md__ _......................__ 1948 6, 230 1, 069 (2) 12. La Trappe River, Md.....................__ 1948 8, 064 16, 000 (2) 13. Choptank River, Md......................... 1953 84, 296 39, 251 (2) 14. Tuckahoe River Md.o __ 1923 9, 727 1, 093 (2) 15. Warwick River, Md............d-----.....-------.......------ 1948 22, 041 73, 272 (2) 16. Cambridge Harbor, Md-...................... 1954 11 81, 974 9, 171 207, 000 17. Waterway from Little Choptank River to Choptank River. Md.s... _ 1939 305 4 105, 000 18. Slaughter Creek, Md......................... 1948 4, 140 1,119 (2) 19. Duck Point Cove, Md _.......... ........... 1951 25, 289 (2) 20. Nanticoke River, Md .........._.........._._ 1950 73, 243 2, 732 (2) 21. Nanticoke River (including Northwest Fork), Del. and Md 1953 1248, 815 38, 683 91, 200 22. Broad Creek River, Del_........... 1950 1364, 520 14 45, 624 (2) 23. Tyaskin Creek, Md............ 1923 15 16, 297 18, 266 (2) 24. Upper Thoroughfare, Deal Island, Md.....--. 1953 16 62, 446 59, 790 (2) 25. Manokin River, Md......... 1919 1734, 788 31, 874 (2) 26. Broad Creek, Md ..............--.--.--.----- 1951 28, 227 58, 742 (2) 27. Chincoteague Bay, Va___.................... 1949 25, 126 23, 439 (2) See footnotes at end of table. RIVEIRS AND HARBORS-BAITIM( IRE, MD., DISTRICT 219 For last Cost to June 30, 1955 fullre- Estimated full re- amount Name ofproject port, see Operation required Annual Construc- and to Report tion mainte- complete nance 28. Governors Run, Calvert County, Md...-.... 1950 ..... _---------------------- $88, 000 29. Herring Bay and Rockhold Creek, Md-...... 1948 $50, 591 $9, 844 (2) 30. Broadwater Creek, Md.8--------------------..................... 1949 --------------- 97, 200 31. Parish Creek, Md- ...........................1951 1819, 170 6, 826 (2) 32. 1949 ----------------------------- Cadle Creek, Md .......................-------------------------. 14, 000 33. Lake Ogleton, Md--............................ 1950 --------------------------- -126, 000 34. Back Creek, Anne Arundel Co., Md----------.......... 1946 23, 061 89 (2) 35. Annapolis Harbor, Md......-.--....- .---- 1946 19 34, 250 1, 672 (2) ;36. Mill Creek, Md-.. --......... _.--............. 1949 (14, 000 37. Cypress Creek, Md ..........................1947 3, 057 --. _.-_E---._-(2) 1 Exclusive of $165,581 contributed by U. S. Navy Department. 2Completed. 3 Includes $22,905 Works Progress Administration funds and $97,390 expended on previous project. 4 Revised in 1954. 1 Includes $79,626 expended on previous project. Exclusive of $8,414 contributed funds. 6 Includes $24,321 expended on previous project. 7 Includes $30,000 expended on previous project. 8 Entire project inactive. °9 Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). toIncludes $6,000 expended on previous project. 11 Includes $61,321 expended on previous project. 12 Includes $5,000 expended on previous project. 13 Includes $50,000 expended on previous project. 14Includes $7,463 expended on previous project. 11 Includes $10,158 expended on previous project. 18 Includes $37,343 public works funds and $330 expended on previous project. 17Includes costs of $2,000 incurred outside the project limits. 18Includes $19,170 Works Progress Administration funds. 19 Includes $8,476 expended on previous project. 26. SWOYERSVILLE AND FORTY FORT, PA. Location. Swoyersville and Forty Fort, Pa., are located in Luzerne County on the right bank of the North Branch of the Susquehanna River approximately 63 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Pittston, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of 9,810 linear feet of earth levee, 2,135 linear feet of capped steel sheet pile wall and related drainage structures along the north or right bank of the Susquehanna River; 3,900 feet of diversion channel to carry the flow of Abrahams Creek directly to the river and 5,500 linear feet of earth levee along the right or west bank of the diverted channel connecting with the levee along the Susquehanna River, including related works; and 1,415 linear feet of levee, 355 linear feet of capped steel sheet pile wall and related works near the mouth of Hicks Creek in the Borough of Exeter. The improvement will provide protection for the communities of Swoyersville, Forty Fort, Wyoming, West Wyoming, Exeter, and part of West Pittston, against a flood discharge in the Susquehanna River equal to the maxi- mum flood of record, which occurred in March 1936. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 702, 77th Cong., 2d sess.) The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $4,160,000 for construction. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1955 is $282,600. Local cooperation. Formal assurances of cooperation by local in- terests have been furnished and were approved on March 4, 1953. 220 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction by contract of the first unit of the project along the right bank of the Susquehanna River was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished during the fiscal year under this contract were excavation of 12,134 cubic yards of unclassified material, excavation of 561,596 cubic yards of borrow material, placing of 403,046 cubic yards of levee and miscellaneous fill, placing of 7,772 cubic yards of riprap slope and toe protection and seeding of 15 acres of levee slopes. Construction by continuing contract for the second unit of the project, consisting of levee and a diversion channel for Abrahams Creek, was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished during the fiscal year under this contract were excava- tion of 338,927 cubic yards of common and borrow material, placement of 254,433 cubic yards of backfill and levee embankment, placement of 2,578 square yards of riprap slope protection, placement of 1,215 cubic yards of riprap toe and derrick stone protection and placement of 3,062 linear feet of corrugated metal pipe. Preparation of con- tract plans for the third unit of the project, which is in the Borough of Exeter near the mouth of Hicks (Carpenter) Creek, was com- pleted by hired labor during the fiscal year. Preparation of contract plans for the fourth unit of the project, which is adjacent to and downstream from the first unit, was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The total costs, all for new work, were $1,224,838. Condition at end of fiscal year. The first and second units of the project which are under construction are 98 percent and 95 percent complete, respectively. The third unit of the project will be adver- tised for construction early in fiscal year 1956. The work remaining is to complete the construction of levee units Nos. 1, 2, and 3 and com- plete preparation of contract plans and specifications by hired labor and construct by contract the 4th unit of the project. The total costs, all for new work, were $1,821,191. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years . 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated------- ........-- $50,000 -$29,500 $896,000 $400, 000 000 1 $510, $1,905,000 Cost-- --------------- 7, 182 11,829 81,008 420, 400 1,224,838 1, 821, 191 Maintenance: Appropriated ........................... Cost----------------------------------- 1Includes loan of $110,000. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $59, 370 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ... 2 290, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----------------------- ------------- 349, 370 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------- _-_ -- -____ 1, 965, 000 2 Excludes loan of $110,000. FLOOD CONTROL---BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 221 27. KINGSTON-EDWARDSVILLE, SUSQUEHANNA RIVER, PA. Location. The boroughs of Kingston and Edwardsville, Pa., are located in Luzerne County, Pa., on the right bank of the North Branch of the Susquehanna River approximately 62 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Pittston, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees consisting of the following features: About 18,169 feet of earth levee along the right bank of the North Branch of the Susquehanna River, extending from high ground, near Rutter Avenue and Church Street in Kingston southeasterly to the river, thence downstream along the right bank of the river to the Kingston-Edwardsville borough line, thence northerly generally parallel to the Edwardsville borough line to high ground near Toby Creek and Plymouth Street; a concrete pressure culvert 161/2 feet in diameter, about 6,659 feet long with impounding basin levees, intake structure, and gated outlet to carry the flow of Toby Creek; 3 pumping stations for the disposal of interior drainage; 3,080 feet of concrete intercepting sewer; appurtenant drainage structures; and about 16,700 feet of electric transmission lines, with 2 transformer substations for furnishing power to the pumping stations. The im- provement provides protection for the boroughs of Kingston and Edwardsville against a flood discharge equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in March 1936. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $4,486,000 for construction. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1952, is $378,900. In addition, $225,877 Emergency Relief funds were expended for new work prior to adoption of the project. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Commenced preparation of contract plans and specifications, by hired labor, for construction of hand operated sluice gates on the outlet of Toby Creek pressure conduit. The need for gates on the conduit was determined as a result of the investigation of uncontrolled outlets through levees and walls. Construction of the levee closure along Rutter Avenue in the borough of Forty Fort will be performed under the contract for levee unit No. 4 of the Swoyersville-Forty Fort Project. The total costs, all for new work, were $4,260. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was operationally com- plete in 1943. Responsibility for operation and maintenance of the project was formally transferred to local interests on December 1, 1948. The work remaining to be done is to complete contract plans and specifications and construct by contract the sluice gates on Toby Creek outlet. The total costs, all for new work, were $4,415,229 of which $3,252,681 was Regular funds and $1,162,548.42 was Emergency Relief funds. In addition $225,877.24 of Emergency Relief Funds were expended prior to adoption of the project. 222 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: ...... Appropriated-------- -------- $8,000 -$10, 000 ------------..... $5,000 1 2 $4,415,969 Cost----------------- $32,150 19,707 3,359 $772 4,260 1 2 4,415,229 1 Includes $1,162,548 Emergency Relieffunds. 2In addition, $225,877 funds were expended fornew work priortoadoption ofthe Emergency Relief project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__ _ $740 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- - 70, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------------- 70, 740 28. WEST BRANCH OF THE SUSQUEHANNA RIVER, PA. Location. The project consists of a system of three flood-control reservoirs in headwaters of the West Branch Susquehanna River in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The reservoirs, to be known as Curwensville, Kettle Creek, and Blanchard, are on the West Branch approximately 2.5 miles upstream from Curwensville, Pa.; on Kettle Creek 6.7 miles above the mouth and 10 miles upstream from Renovo, Pa.; and on Bald Eagle Creek approximately 1 mile upstream from Blanchard, Pa.; respectively. (See U. S. Geological Survey quad- rangle sheets, "Curwensville, Pa."; "Keating, Pa."; and "Howard, Pa."; respectively.) Existing project. The work authorized under this project consists of three reservoirs for flood control each with a storage capacity equal to 6 inches of runoff from the controlled drainage area and each having a small conservation pool to control debris. Curwensville Dam has a central portion of gravity concrete with earthfill embank- ments extending to high ground at the abutments and with the spill- way and outlet conduits in the concrete portion. Kettle Creek Dam is a concrete gravity structure with the spillway and outlet conduits integral with the dam. Blanchard Dam is a rolled earthfill structure having a single outlet conduit on rock in the left abutment and having a concrete spillway in a saddle adjacent to the left abutment. The estimated Federal cost for new work revised in 1955, is $67,600,000, of which $61,940,000 is for construction and $5,660,000 for lands and damages. The estimated annual cost for maintenance, operation and replacements as given in the authorizing act is $90,000. FLOOD CONTROL--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 223 Additional information on the individual units of the project is tabulated below: Curwensville Kettle Creek Blanchard Reservoir Reservoir Reservoir Nearest large community --___. Curwensville, Pa..... Renovo, Pa-........... Blanchard, Pa. Stream distance from mouth of 307 miles_.....---- 235 miles-----------.............. 207 miles. Susquehanna River. Drainage area above dam....... 368 sq. mi............. 228 sq. mi----------- 339 sq. mi. Reservoir: Spillway elevation above 1,225 ft------------................ 923 ft -------------- 658 ft. m. s. 1. Flood control capacity...... 118.500 acre-ft----......... 74,000 acre-ft---------........ 113,000 acre-ft. Total area of reservoir-_-_._ 2,750 acres.........--------.. 1,425 acres........----------.... 3,650 acres. Reservoir length at spill- 12.6 miles--......-------....... 9.3 miles------------............. 9.7 miles. way crest. Conservation pool area ..... 145 acres.............. 30 acres------------- 370 acres. Relocation required_......... Railroad, cemetery- .. Highway, utilities, Railroad, highway, cemetery. cemetery, utilities. Dam: Type ....------------------- Concrete gravity and Concrete gravity-...... Earthfill. earthfill. Top elevation above m. s. l__ 1,253.5 ft.............. 948 ft--. .----------680.5 ft. Height above stream bed --- 129 ft.-. ... .__ ... 170 ft.....-------------- 95 ft. Height of structure-......... 138 ft_.............---- 195 ft---------------- 95 ft. Design freeboard ........... 5.3 ft... ..---- ----- 5.3 ft------------------ 8.0 ft. Top length.___.............. 900 ft. concrete 1,460 832 ft--------------- 6,650 ft. ft. earth. Spillway: Location___................ Integral with concrete Integral with dam..._.. Adjacent saddle. dam. Type --_- - - - - .. Uncontrolled overflow_ Uncontrolled overflow_ Uncontrolled overflow. Height above stream bed--- 100.5 ft--------------- 145 ft..---------------- 73.5 ft. W idth ..... . ..- -- .--- - 300 ft_-------- 350 ft-........-------- 600 ft. Design discharge............ 132,000 c. f. s-------- 121,000 c. f. s--......... 129,000 c. f. s. Outlet works: Location ____................ Through concrete Through dam.........) Left abutment. dam. Type-.---. -- --.... -..... Controlled. -------- Controlled-........--------... Controlled. Number of conduits_........ 55_..................... ---------------- 5------------------ 1. Number of gates ........... 5------------------ S-------------------- 3. Gate size----_-- -- 4.25 ft. x 8.25 ft ... _"- 3.5 ft. x 7 ft----------- 5 ft. x 14 ft. Outlet capacity._.._ ..._ 9,500 c. f. s............ 7,500 c. f. s--.....---....... 9,500 c. f. s. Length of stilling basin..... 145 ft ................ 138 ft ........--...... 104 ft. 1 I i Estimated Federal cost (June 1955): Construction_. _ $23, 500, 000 $15, 940, 000 $22, 500, 000 Lands and damages..... 2, 600, 000 760, 000 2,300, 000 Total.... 26, 100, 000 16, 700, 000 24, 800, 000 The Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, authorized the plan for flood protection on the West Branch of the Susquehanna River substantially in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in his report of June 25, 1954 (H. Doc. No. 29, 84th Cong., 1st sess.), and authorized to be appropriated $25,000,000 for partial accomplishment of the plan. Local cooperation. None required. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, is applicable. Operation and results during fiscal year. No funds have been allotted and no work has been performed on this project. Conditionat end of fiscal year. No funds have been allotted and no work has been performed on this project. 363037-55- 15 224 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $40, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_______-_____________ 40, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---___----6------------------- 7, 560, 000 29. WILLIAMSPORT, SUSQUEHANNA RIVER, PA. Location. Williamsport, the county seat of Lycoming County, Pa., is located on the left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, 40 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheets, "Trout Run and Williamsport, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls and appur- tenant structures, consisting of the following features: About 26,200 feet of earth levee and 3,060 feet of concrete floodwall along the left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, extending from high ground near Sheridan Street, generally parallel to and on the right bank of Millers Run to the Susquehanna River, thence extending upstream along the left bank of the river and Lycoming Creek; about 29,900 feet of earth levee and 860 feet of concrete floodwall along the left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, extending from high ground at Bottle Run generally parallel to and on the right bank of Lycoming Creek to the Susquehanna River, thence extending upstream along the left bank of the river to Carothers Lane, thence to high ground along the Pennsylvania Railroad; about 11,400 feet of earth levee and 880 feet of concrete floodwall along the right bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River in South Williams- port, extending from high ground at Central Avenue and Charles Street, along Charles Street to the river, thence upstream along the river to high ground at Maynard Street; a reinforced concrete pres- sure culvert about 1,390 feet long and a flume 470 feet long to provide for control of Hagermans Run; 10 pumping stations for the disposal of interior drainage; and appurtenant closure and drainage structures. The improvement will provide protection for the city of Williamsport and the borough of South Williamsport and part of Old Lycoming Township against a flood discharge equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in March 1936. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The current estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $12,970,000 for construction, which does not include $110,835 of local contributions. The estimated local cost of lands, damages, and utility relocations, revised in 1955 is $212,700 which includes $110,835 of contributed funds. Local cooperation. Local interests have furnished assurances that all requirements will be complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Levee Unit No. 1: Con- struction by contract of 3 control manholes equipped with hand- operated sluice gates on existing outlets through the levee was per- formed in conjunction with construction of Mill Race and Spring FLOOD CONTROL--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 225 Run pumping stations. This phase of that contract was started in September 1954 and completed in December 1954. Construction by contract of bank stabilization along Lycoming Creek was started March 7, 1955, in conjunction with construction of control manholes in levee unit No. 3 and channel excavation in levee unit No. 4. Work in this levee unit was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished dur- ing the fiscal year were excavation of 1,100 cubic yards of earth material, placement of 1,250 cubic yards of fill, and placement of 200 cubic yards of riprap protection. Levee Unit No. 3: Construction by contract of two control man- holes, equipped with hand-operated sluice gates, on existing outlets through the levee was started March 7, 1955, in conjunction with construction of bank stabilization in levee unit No. 1 and channel excavation in levee unit No. 4. Work in this levee unit under the contract was complete at the close of the fiscal year except for the installation of the sluice gate and minor cleanup. Levee Unit No. 4: Construction by contract of levee unit No. 4A continued and was completed 8 June 1955. The major items of work accomplished during the fiscal year included the stripping and ex- cavation of 75,722 cubic yards of material, placement of 29,317 cubic yards of levee and backfill, placement of 1,876 cubic yards of riprap and derrick stone, placement of 925 cubic yards of reinforced and gravity concrete and completion of the railroad bridge over Bottle Run, including temporary relocation and replacement of the tracks. Construction by contract of the Mill Race and Spring Run pumping stations was commenced April 30, 1954, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished during the fiscal year were stripping and excavation of 19,157 cubic yards of earth material, placement of 15,593 cubic yards of backfill and levee embankment, construction of the superstructure and the trans- former substations for both pumping stations and initiation of in- stallation of the electrical and mechanical operating equipment in both stations. Construction by contract of levee unit No. 4B commenced on March 24, 1954, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished during the fiscal year include the stripping and excavation of 159,981 cubic yards of earth material and the placement of 138,145 cubic yards of levee embankment and backfill, 9,217 cubic yards of riprap and 246 cubic yards of concrete. Construction by contract of levee unit No. 4C commenced on June 16, 1954, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished during the fiscal year include the strip- ping and excavation of 176,831 cubic yards of earth material, place- ment of 112,818 cubic yards of levee embankment and backfill, place- ment of 3,533 cubic yards of riprap, placement of 198 cubic yards of concrete and removing and disposing of approximately 25,000 cubic yards of sludge. Excavation of 5,500 cubic yards of channel from approximately 78,000 sq. feet of area in Lycoming Creek was accomplished by con- 226 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tract between March 7, 1955, and April 30, 1955. The work was per- formed in conjunction with construction of bank stabilization in levee unit No. 1 and control manholes in levee unit No. 3. Contract plans and specifications were prepared by hired labor and a contract awarded June 23, 1955, for seepage control of levee unit No. 4. No work was performed under the contract during the fiscal year. Levee Unit No. 5: Construction of levee unit No. 5C continued and was completed on October 20, 1954. The major items of work ac- complished during this fiscal year included excavation of 686 cubic yards of earth; placement of 1,518 cubic yards of levee and miscel- laneous fill; and completion of installation and trial operation of mechanical and electrical operating equipment in Arch Street Pump- ing Station. The total costs, all for new work, were $1,200,382, of which $1,190,608 was regular funds and $9,774 was contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The entire project is 97 percent complete. Responsibility for operation and maintenance of the com- pleted work on levee units No. 1, 2, and 3 was formally transferred to local interests on August 30, 1950; levee unit No. 4A on January 19, 1955, levee unit No. 5A and 5B on November 20, 1953; levee unit No. 5C on November 1, 1954, and levee unit No. 6 on August 30, 1952. The work remaining to be done is as follows: Levee Unit No. 1: Complete placement of riprap slope protection and construction of the access ramp in connection with the bank stabilization along Lycoming Creek. Levee Unit No. 3: Complete installation of the sluice gates in the two control manholes constructed on existing outlets through the levee. Levee Unit No. 4: Complete construction by contract of levee units No. 4B, 4C, the Mill Race and Spring Run pumping stations and the seepage control work. The total costs, all for new work, were $12,719,599, of which $12,606,877 was Regular funds, $110,835 was Contributed funds, and $1,887 was Emergency Relief funds. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated--------........ $330, 000 $775, 000 $1,037, 500 $850, 000 $500,000 $12,837, 237 Cost----------------- 970, 644 495, 398 837, 242 1, 081, 556 1, 190, 608 12, 608, 764 1 Includes $1,887 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_------------- $98, 808 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------. 133, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ ------------------------------------------ 231, 808 FLOOD CONTROI--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 227 Cost and flnancial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- Ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Contributed....... - -$3, 140 ........... $32,481 $3,043 -$6, 226 $110,835 Cost----......... 29, 681 29,043 9, 774 110, 835 30. YORK, CODORUS CREEK, PA. Location. York, Pa., is on Codorus Creek, 10 miles above its con- fluence with the main Susquehanna River. Codorus Creek with its tributary branches is located in York County in the south and central parts of Pennsylvania. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheets, "Pernnsylvania-York and Hanover.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of Indian Rock Dam, an earth and rockfill dam about 1,000 feet long at the top, rising 83 feet above the streambed, with a reservoir providing for the controlled storage of 28,000 acre-feet at the eleva- tion of the spillway crest. The dam site is located on the main branch of Codorus Creek about 3 miles above York. The outlet works are located in the right abutment and the uncontrolled spillway is located' on the right bank, discharging upstream from the tunnel outlet. The reservoir will control the entire drainage area of the main branch of Codorus Creek and 41 percent of the drainage area above York. The plan also provides for improvements to Codorus Creek channel in the vicinity of and through the city of York for a distance of about 22,969 feet extending from 300 feet above Richland Avenue to a point down- stream from the Pennsylvania Railroad crossing known as Black Bridge. The improvements, which will increase the channel capacity to 24,000 cubic feet per second, include widening and deepening the channel, constructing bank protection, removing the York Roller Mill Dam, and the construction of a low water channel approximately 3,900 feet in length in the vicinity of the York Roller Mill Dam. The improvement will provide protection for the city of York against a flood discharge approximately 33 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in August 1933. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $5,103,- 200, of which $4,578,200 is for construction and $525,000 is for lands and damages. These figures include $11,588 of Emergency Relief funds. The estimated annual maintenance cost, approved in 1954, is $38,400 for Indian Rock Dam and Codorus Creek Channel. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Prepared contract plans and specifications by hired labor and awarded a contract for construc- tion of a reinforced concrete control manhole, on an existing 36-inch pipe through the flood wall; continued reimbursement to owners for title to land acquired for the channel portion of the project; continued normal operation and maintenance of the project by hired labor. The 228 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 total costs were $30,703, of which $2,161 was for new work and $28,542 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the major features of the project were completed in September 1952, however, the project was operationally complete in November 1947. The work remaining to be done is to complete work under the contract for constructing the control manhole and installing the sluice gate; to complete reimburse- ment to property owners for lands acquired for the channel portion of the project and to prepare final reports, by hired labor. The total costs were $5,282,374 of which $5,038,167 of regular funds and $11,588 of Emergency Relief funds were for new work and $232,619 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ -30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---------....... $90, 100 ...----- -$52, 000 $2, 000 $11, 510 1 $5, 061, 498 Cost __.....-.._ ..... 74, 871 $99, 452 14, 823 612 2, 161 1 5, 049, 755 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- 21, 100 33, 568 20, 045 29, 000 24, 500 232, 113 Cost -----.................. 21, 659 33, 424 19, 540 26, 536 28, 542 2 232, 619 1 Includes $11,588 Emergency Relief funds. 2 Cost exceeding appropriated funds due to retroactive pay increase. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------$2, 883 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- (3) Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----- --------------------------- 2, 883 3 Retained in Office, Chief of Engineers reserve: $42,000. 31. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1955 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount re- see Annual Operation quired to Report for Construction and mainte- complete nance 1. Stillwater Reservoir, Lackawanna River, Pa__ 1953 $80, 000 - - - 1 $9, 120,000 2. Wilkes-Barre-Hanover Township, Susque- hannd River,4 Pa_ .... -------------- 1953 3, 788, 957 -------------- () 3. Nanticoke, Pa. 5-...............--------- 1937 ..............-- .............. 1, 700, 000 4. West Pittston, Pa. 7..... .... _...... 1937 ..--..... ... ........------------.. 953, 000 5. Plymouth, Susquehanna River, Pa .......... 1953 s 1,866, 189 ............. - 0() 6. Sunbury, Susquehanna River, Pa .. __........ 1953 9 6, 063, 000------_ (3) 7. Tyrone, Pa.lo_- .............. ........... . 1953 135, 516 .. . -....- 8, 644, 500 8. Federalsburg, Marshyhope Creek, Md.......-- - 1941 4,061 .---.-.-.... 6 515, 900 1 Revised in 1955. 2 Includes $872,715 Emergency Relief funds. In addition, $36,375 Emergency Relief funds were expended prior to adoption of the project. 3 Completed. 4No funds have been allotted and no work has been done on this project. In accordance with the provi- sions of the 1941 Flood Control Act, the 5-year limitation clause on assurances of local cooperation has been invoked. The project authorization will expire Oct. 19, 1955. SInactive. Revised in 1954. 76No funds have been allotted and no work has been done on this project. In accordance with the provi- clause on assurances of local cooperation has been sions of the 1941 Flood Control Act, the 5-year limitation invoked. The project authorization will expire Nov. 28, 1955. 8 Includes $4,357 Emergency Relief funds. o Expended $1,000 during fiscal year to complete preparation of Operation and Maintenance Manual. Deferred for restudy. 0to FLOOD CONTROL---BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 229 32. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Projects transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance were inspected as required by hired labor. Investigations of completed drainage structures to ascertain the need for and cost to install emergency controls on outlets through levees and floodwalls were continued, by hired labor. The total costs during the fiscal year, all for maintenance, were $6,006. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---- ----------- ------- Cost.. _------------ ------------------------------------------------ -------....................................... Maintenance: Appropriated ........ $1, 540 $900 $800 $20, 500 $23, 740 Cost_----------------- 439 1, 726 930 14, 422 $6, 006 23, 523 33. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control. (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. No work was performed under this Act during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. Removal of debris and channel clearing on the Lackawanna River and tributaries at Scranton, Pa;, was completed in fiscal year 1943. Removal of growth and obstruc- tions on two islands and clearing of left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of Milton, Pa., was completed in fiscal year 1952. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: -----....- Appropriated ---------.... $14, 500 -$43, 359 Cost----------------- $31,268 2,511 ----------------------------------- 43,359 Flood-control emergencies-repair and flood-fighting and rescue work. (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Completed final reports on the practice exercise of flood fighting and rescue work held at Sunbury, Pa., on April 25, 1954. Completed preliminary investiga- tions, by hired labor, of outlets through levees and walls at Kingston- Edwardsville, Pa. Revised the Flood Emergency Manual to incor- porate data required by change in the District boundary, and 230 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 performed emergency operations in connection with flood fighting as required, all by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $6,188. Condition at end of fiscal year. The major items of accomplish- ment under this act have been emergency repairs by contract to levee embankment along the right bank of Lycoming Creek in Williams- port, Pa., completed in fiscal year 1953; construction by contract of river bank stabilization at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., completed in fiscal year 1949; emergency repairs by contract to Mile Post cutoff levee at Sun- bury, Pa., completed in fiscal year 1947. The total costs, all for maintenance were $306,679 of which $45,085 was contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ........ $10, 000 $8,970 $13, 900 $822 $6, 200 1 262, 539 Cost...-.-.-----.-- - 15, 264 13,353 12, 768 5, 027 6, 188 1261, 594 1In addition, $45,085 contributed funds was expended for maintenance work. 34. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of this work during the fiscal year amounted to $18,074, of which $10,104 was for navigation studies, and $7,970 was for flood control studies. The balance unexpended June 30, 1955, $1,412, of which $1,382 is for navigation studies and $30 for flood control studies, plus additional funds in the amount of $22,200, of which $200 is for navigation studies and $22,000 for flood control studies, a total of $23,612, will be applied as follows: Navigation studies------------------------------------- $1, 582 Flood control studies----- --------------------------------- 22,030 Total------------------------------------------------23,612 35. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The cost of this work during the fiscal year amounted to $146. The funds were fully expended. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of south central Pennsylvania, western Maryland, eastern West Virginia, and northern Virginia embracing the western part of Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries from Cove Point, Md., to a line due west through Wolf Trap Light to the watershed line between the northerly arm of Winter Harbor and Garden Creek, Va. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page Page 1. Washington Harbor, D. C - 231 11. Anacostia River Basin, flood 2. Potomac River, north side of protection and navigation Washington Channel, improvements, D. C. and D. C------------- 234 Md.- -- - 249 3. Potomac River and tribu- 12. Cumberland, Md., and Ridge- taries at and below Wash- ley, W. Va_ 251 ington, D. C., elimination 13. Other authorized flood-con- of water chestnut ....... 235 trol projects__ 254 4. Potomac River below Wash- 14. Inspection of completed flood ington, D. C-________ 237 control works-_ - 254 5. Monroe Bay and Creek, Va_* 238 15. Flood-control work under 6. Little Wicomico River, Va _ 239 special authorization _. 255 7. Hoskins Creek, Va_..... 240 8. Totuskey Creek, Va ....... 241 General Investigations 9. Maintenance, operation, and capital outlay of the Wash- ington aqueduct- 243 16. Examinations and surveys -- 256 10. Other authorized navigation projects-------------- 248 1. WASHINGTON HARBOR, D. C. Location. Washington Harbor is located within the District of Columbia at the junction of the Anacostia River with the Potomac River which flows in a southeasterly direction 108 miles to the Chesapeake Bay. It is southerly 202 miles by water from Baltimore, Md., and northerly 195 miles from Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 560.) Previous projects. The original project for the Potomac River was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1833, July 11, 1870, and August 2, 1882. For further details, see page 1791 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 295 of Annual Report for 1934. The River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890, author- ized an allotment for work on the Anacostia River; joint resolution of Congress of April 11, 1898, made appropriation for a survey; and a project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 87, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1899, p. 1443). For further details see page 430 of the Annual Report for 1932 and page 421 of Annual Report for 1938. E'xisting project. This project is a combination and extension of the latest projects for the Potomac River at Washington, D. C., and the Anacostia River, D. C. The project provides for: (1) Vir- ginia Channel, from Giesboro Point to Francis Scott Key Bridge, 231 232 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 24 feet deep and 400 feet wide, with the width increased as neces- sary to afford a low water cross-section area of 25,000 square feet; (2) Washington Channel, from Hains Point to the head of Wash- ington Channel, 24 feet deep and 400 feet wide; (3) Anacostia River from Giesboro Point to Anacostia Bridge, 24 feet deep and 400 feet wide, with turning basin 800 feet wide and approximately 2,400 feet long of same depth opposite the Naval Gun Factory; (4) Anacostia River from Anacostia Bridge, 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide to turning basin 400 feet square of same depth at foot of Fifteenth Street SE. The channel lengths including turning bas- ins are: Virginia Channel, 25,000 feet; Washington Channel, 10,000 feet; and Anacostia River, 15,000 feet; (5) operation and main- tenance of the inlet gates and lock and the outlet gates of the Tidal Basin constructed under a previous project to flush the Washington Channel. The plane of reference is low water datum which is 0.35 foot below mean low tide as observed from 1932 to 1942. Tidal ranges are: Mean, 2.9 feet; irregular, 4.5 feet; and extreme, 10.7 feet. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, revised in 1955, is $572,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $47,900. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors, Committee Doc. 22, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published maps are in the project document. Local cooperation. Not required. Terminal facilities. On the Virginia Channel (Georgetown water- front) there are 10 wharves generally of the bulkhead type, of timber, stone, and concrete, privately owned. Railroad and crane service are available at a number of the wharves. On the Washington Channel there are 2 yacht basins with a total capacity for 198 yachts, under jurisdiction of the District of Columbia and 12 wharves of open pile and bulkhead construction, all owned by the Federal Government, but most of which are leased to private parties or serve governmental agencies. On the Anacostia River there are about 23/4 miles of com- mercial waterfront on which are located 7 privately owned and 2 Government wharves, and 3,500 linear feet of bulkhead with slips for governmental agencies. In addition, there are numerous small stag- ings and floats used by yacht clubs for mooring small boats. Some of the wharves and slips have transfer and rail facilities. The wharves of the Washington Harbor are only open to the public by special arrangement, except for the District of Columbia fish wharves on the Washington Channel. Terminal facilities, except for those in the Washington Channel, are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Tidal Basin gates were repaired and operated by hired labor throughout the year at a cost of $8,998. A hydrographic survey to determine channel conditions in the Wash- ington Channel from Giesboro Point to the 14th Street Bridge was made in January 1955. The work was accomplished by hired labor and Government plant at a cost of $1,998. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 233 The National Guard Pier in Washington Channel, wrecked by hurricane "Hazel", was removed by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $4,715. The cost of supervision and administration for the year was $725. An adjustment in contract cost for dredging in the Virginia Chan- nel during the prior fiscal year resulted in a refund to the United States in the amount of $4,474. Total net costs for the year were $11,962 all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in April 1937 and was about 50 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The channels and basins in the Anacostia River are com- plete and those at the forks of the channel at Hains Point are partially complete. Except for dredging between the limits of 2,000 feet above and 3,000 feet below the Memorial Bridge, no new work has been done downstream of Key Bridge in Virginia Channel. The controlling depths in the channels throughout the harbor were as follows: Name of channel Controlling depth Date Potomac River, Virginia Channel from Giesboro Point to Key Bridge...... 15.7 feet 1 June 1955. Washington Channel from Giesboro Point to 14th Street Bridge_---------- 18.9 feet 1 February 1950. Anacostia River from Giesboro Point to Anacostia Bridge-------- .....-- 20.1 feet 2 February 1955. Anacostia River from Anacostia Bridge to 15th St., SE.---------------- 21.1 feet 3 October 1947. 1 For 200-foot width. 2 For 400-foot width. a For 100-foot width. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of : 1. Removal of rock in Virginia Channel upstream of Memorial Bridge. 2. Dredging in Virginia Channel from Giesboro Point upstream to a point 3,000 feet below Memorial Bridge. Total costs for the existing project were $1,000,384, of which $162,- 006 was for new work and $838,378 was for maintenance. This is exclusive of $42000 for emergency dredging under provisions of Sec- tion 3 of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .- 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ...-------.... ------------ _ _-------------_----------- .------------ $3, 191,007 Cost__--_- ---- ------------ 3,191,007 Maintenance: Appropriated .----------$24, 651 $12, 500 $25, 900 $97, 200 $11, 188 2 2,671, 970 Cost------------------ 10, 134 12, 723 25, 677 94, 444 a11, 962 2 2, 669, 987 1 Includes $3,029,000 for new work and $1,831,609 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Exclusive of $4,000 for emergency dredging under provisions of Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. 2 Includes adjustment of prior years cost -$4,474. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project ---- ---------- $410, 000 _- 234 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 2. POTOMAC RIVER, NORTH SIDE OF WASHINGTON CHANNEL, D. C. Location. The area covered by the project is the waterfront chan- nelward of Maine Avenue on the north side of Washington Channel, extending upstream from Fort Lesley J. McNair (War College) at Maine Avenue and P Street a distance of approximately 5,123 feet to the foot of Fourteenth Street SW., in the District of Columbia. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 560.) Existing project. This provides for development of the commer- cial waterfront of Washington Channel by construction of (1) a yacht harbor in four sections on the upstream half of the section, with berthing space for about 286 boats; (2) two wharves for activities of the District of Columbia; (3) three wharves for existing transpor- tation lines and general service; (4) construction of bulkhead walls; and (5) removal of the old and dilapidated existing structures. The project further provides that during the construction period the Dis- trict Engineer be given jurisdiction over the entire waterfront except the municipal fish wharf, and that the completed work as well as the maintenance and administration thereof should be under the Commis- sioners of the District of Columbia. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, revised in 1955, is $8,020,000, exclusive of $389,000 contributed by the District of Columbia to cover the cost of two wharves for District of Columbia activities. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of administering unimproved property owned under the project is $2,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 13, 73d Cong., 1st sess.). Detailed plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, September 24, 1945, provide for the following modifications in the items of con- struction: (1) A yacht harbor in three sections on the upstream half of the waterfront with berthing space for about 356 boats; (2) one wharf for the combined use of the police and fire departments of the District of Columbia; (3) three wharves for existing transportation lines and general service; (4) construction of bulkhead walls; and (5) removal of the old and dilapidated existing structures. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The entire waterfront is Government-owned and facilities are leased to individuals or serve governmental agencies. Two yacht basins to accommodate 198 yachts and small boats to- gether with a public sales and service pier, a concrete pier 340 feet long and 100 feet wide for general commercial use and a concrete pier 340 feet long and 75 feet wide for use by excursion boats have been completed under the existing project. Of the 12 commercial piers only 5 can be classed as modern. The only wharves open to the public are those owned by the District of Columbia at the municipal fish mar- ket where daily rental rates are charged. The facilities are consid- ered inadequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Unimproved properties not required for construction were leased for private use at a cost for RIVERS AND HARBORS--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 235 the year of $1,867, chargeable to maintenance. Supervision and ad- ministration was $137. Total costs were $2,004, all Federal funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in April 1938 and was approximately 24 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of Yacht Basins Nos. 1 and 2 was completed in November 1940 and the basins were leased for commer- cial use and transferred to the District of Columbia for operation and maintenance on December 3, 1940. Commercial Pier No. 5 was com- pleted in December 1941, and was transferred to the District of Co- lumbia for operation and maintenance on March 21, 1942. The ex- cursion pier (Pier 4) was completed in March 1951 and was trans- ferred to the District of Columbia for operation and maintenance on April 25, 1951. Plans and specifications for Yacht Basin No. 3 were 75 percent complete, and for Piers No. 2 and No. 3, were 7 percent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of construction of 2 yacht basins; construction of 2 piers for activities of the District of Columbia; construction of a pier for existing transportation lines and general service; completion of bulk- head walls; and completion of removal of existing structures. Total costs were $1,759,023, of which $1,744,692 was for new work and $14,331 was for maintenance. In addition $389,000 from contrib- uted funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ....------------.-....... _ -$3, 276 -$89 ----------------------- 1 $1, 744, 692 Cost..----------------- $302,087 2, 999-------------------- 11, 744, 692 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... 6, 727 1, 600 2, 000 $2,000 $2, 000 14, 327 Cost------------------ 6, 155 2, 052 2, 006 2, 113 2,004 14, 331 1 In addition, $389,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. (See Annual Report for 1949). Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- -.--.----.--- $6, 275, 000 3. POTOMAC RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES AT AND BELOW WASHINGTON, D. C., ELIMINATION OF WATER CHESTNUT Location. The water chestnut, botanically known as Trapa natans, is an annual fresh water plant infesting the navigable portions of the Potomac River and its tributaries between Key Bridge in the Dis- trict of Columbia and Maryland Point, 48 miles downstream of Wash- ington, D. C. Washington, D. C., is located 108 miles upstream of the mouth of the river. At the height of infestation in 1939, it cov- ered about 10,000 acres of navigable waters between these limits. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 559 and 560.) Existing project. This provides a plan for complete eradication of the water chestnut from the Potomac River and its tributaries at and below Washington, D. C., by (1) 4 years of mechanical cutting in 236 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 heavily infested areas with manual removal of scattered plants; (2) 3 years of intensive patrol and manual removal of scattered plants; (3) 2 years of concentrated patrol during the growing season; (4) 6 years of patrolling the entire area every 2 years. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.1 feet at Maryland Point and 2.9 feet at Washington; irregular, 2 feet at Maryland Point and 4.5 feet at Washington; ex- treme, approximately 7.5 feet at Maryland Point and 10.7 feet at Washington. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government, made in 1947, was $142,000, which is the total of annual costs over a 15-year period, decreasing from $32,000 during the first year to $3,500 for the ninth year and an average of $1,000 for each of the 6 years thereafter. This is an average of $9,467 annually for the 15 years. If a longer period is required, the average annual cost for each subsequent year is esti- mated to be $1,000. The work is maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 113, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Operations and results duringfiscal year. Removal of water chest- nut growth was in progress during July and August 1954 and June 1955 in the following areas: Washington Harbor, Potomac River at Alexandria, Va., Potomac River at Mt. Vernon, Va., Occoquan Creek, Va., and Potomac River below Washington, D. C., by Government plant and hired labor at a total cost for the year of $9,538, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on the elimination of water chestnut has been in progress since 1939 under allotments for main- tenance of five existing river and harbor projects. Prior to the adop- tion of this project and through the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950, a total of 25,000 acres of the growth has been cut and recut from the Potomac River and its tributaries between Washington, D. C., and Maryland Point. All infested areas have been cut at least once. Two years of mechanical cutting in heavily infested areas and manual re- moval of scattered plants as listed for accomplishment under the eradication schedule for the existing project have been completed under maintenance of other existing river and harbor projects prior to adoption of the eradication project. Prior to the adoption of the project and through the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950, maintenance funds in the amount of $310,187 were expended for removal of water chestnut. This amount includes $10,000 allotted under Section 3, of the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1950, and $10,000 allotted under Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940, to ten tributaries of the Potomac River, and the following maintenance funds from existing river and harbor projects in the affected area: Washington Harbor, D. C., $19,726; Potomac River at Alexandria, Va., $22,023; Potomac River below Washington, D. C., $200,937; Potomac River at Mt. Vernon, Va., $18,202; and Occoquan Creek, Va., $29,300. In addition, a total of $101,162 contributed by the United States Public Health Service was expended. Total costs for the existing project were $99,198, all for main- tenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 237 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: ........-- $30, 500 Appropriated------- $27, 000 $6, 200 $26,000 $9, 500 $99, 200 Cost....----------------- 17, 488 22, 345 23, 741 26, 086 9, 538 99, 198 4. POTOMAC RIVER BELOW WASHINGTON, D. C. Location. The Potomac River is formed 21 miles below Cumber- land, Md., and flows southeasterly about 285 miles and enters Chesa- peake Bay, about 80 miles from the Atlantic Ocean. Washington, D. C., is located 108 miles upstream of the mouth, and the head of tidewater is at mile 117. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 557, 558, 559, and 560.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide between the mouth of the river and Giesboro Point at Wash- ington, D. C., a distance of 108 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. Tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.3 feet at the mouth, 2.9 feet at Washington; irregular, 2 feet at the mouth, 4.5 feet at Washington; extreme, approximately 6 feet at the mouth, 10.7 feet at Washington. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the completed project, was $153,836. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $28,200. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1899 (H. Doc. 33, 52d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the Annual Report for 1902, page 1038, and in House Document 859, Sixtieth Congress, first session. Terminal facilities. In general, the improvement is a main river channel, and terminal facilities are only served where the channel runs close to either bank of the river. In all, 13 wharves are thus served. These wharves are of open and solid fill construction and bulkhead type. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during the fiscal year.--Dredgingby contract was in progress at Upper Smith Point, Lower Smith Point, and Mary- land Point Bars from April 7, to June 12, 1955. A total of 614,673 cubic yards was pumped into adjacent disposal areas, at a cost of $115,781. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in March 1900 and completed in June 1905. Controlling depths for the project width of 200 feet were as follows: Miles Controlling Name of bar above re Date mouth depth (feet) Kettle Bottom_....--------------- -------------------- 38 24. 0 May 1952. Lower Smith Point-Maryland Point......---------------------- 68 26. 0 June 1955. Upper Sm ith Point _....__................ .. . 71 26. 6 June 1955. Mattawoman------ ------ -------- _- __---------------- ----- 83 23. 7 January 1951. ............---------------------------------.. Marshall Hall----- 95 23. 0 June 1947. Naval Magazine---------.................---------------------------- 107 25. 9 August 1950. 238 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Total costs were $1,163,032, of which $153,836 was for new work and $1,009,196 for maintenance, which includes $1,000 for each of the fol- lowing tributaries: Little Wicomico River, Va., Herring Creek, Md., Coan River, Va., and $20,000 under allotments to tributaries for water chestnut eradication. In addition, a total of $101,162 of United States Public Health Service funds has been expended for removal of water chestnut. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------------------------------------------------------------- $153, 836 Cost----- ---------------------------------------------------------- 153,836 Maintenance: Appropriated--------..... -$53, 955 $8, 000 $5, 582 - - $118, 400 1 1, 012, 596 Cost__--------------- 3, 182 6, 439 7, 143 -115, 781 1 1, 009, 196 1 In addition, $101,162 of U. S. Public Health Service funds were expended for water chestnut eradication. 5. MONROE BAY AND CREEK, VA. Location. Monroe Bay is a slight indentation on the right bank of the Potomac River located in Westmoreland County, Va., 34 miles upstream of the Chesapeake Bay and 75 miles downstream from Wash- ington, D. C. Monroe Creek is a tidal stream 5 miles in length which flows in a southerly direction and discharges into Monroe Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 558.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 950 feet long, through the bar at the entrance, and within the creek a channel 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 2,500 feet long, with turning and anchorage basin 500 feet in width at the upper end in the vicinity of the Colonial Beach waterworks. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean tidal ranges are mean, 1.6 feet; irregular, 2.5 feet; and extreme, approximately 7 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project, was $12,460. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,300. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 172, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Terminal facilities. There are 13 wharves and landings in the creek, of which 3 are open to the public. There are 2 marine rail- ways. None of the wharves has terminal or transfer facilities, and the structures are considered inadequate for present and future needs. Operationsand results during fiscal year. A reconnaissance survey to determine channel conditions was made of the entrance channel and turning basin by Government plant and hired labor at a cost for the year of $244, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in March and completed in April 1931. The controlling depth in May 1955 was 6.7 feet in the entrance channel and 5.3 feet in the turning basin. Total cost for the existing project was $31,867, of which $12,460 was for new work and $19,407 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 239 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .....---------..---------- .......------ -----........-------.. ----- -------.....---.......-----------.... $12, 460 Cost ..------------.. .. ... ----------- ....----------- ...........--------------- ----------------- 12, 460 Maintenance: Appropriated----....---------------------..........--------......------------..................... $250 19, 414 Cost----------------- ---- ------------ -------------- ------- - 244 19, 407 6. LITTLE, WICOMICO RIVER, VA. Location. Little Wicomico River is a tidal estuary 6 miles in length lying in Northumberland County, Va., flowing in a southeasterly direction to the Potomac River, which it enters on the right bank one-half mile upstream of its mouth and 1071/2 miles downstream from Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 557.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and 4,800 feet long, extending from deep water in Potomac River to deep water in Little Wicomico River, for two stone jetties extending to the 8-foot contour in Potomac River, and for bulkhead walls from the inner ends thereof extending sufficiently into Little Wicomico River to stabilize the dredged inner channel. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges in the Potomac River at the entrance are: Mean, 1.2 feet; irregular, 2.5 feet; and extreme, approximately 7 feet. The mean tidal range within the river is approximately 1 foot: The cost to the Federal Government for new work, for the com- pleted project, was $81,885, exclusive of $5,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,800. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 24, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two wharves open to the public and numerous small wharves and stagings for private use, an oyster shuck- ing and packing plant, and a marine railway and boat-building yard. These facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Repairs to the north and south stone jetties were in progress under contract at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 1,785 tons of riprap stone was placed on the jetties at a cost of $27,490. A hydrographic survey was made in September 1954 in the entrance channel by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $1,313. Total costs for the year were $28,803, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in October 1936 and was completed in December 1937. The controlling depth in the entrance channel between the jetties in September 1954 363037-55---vol. 2----16 240 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 was 3.9 feet at mean low water for a width of 150 feet. The controlling depth within the creek in July 1945 was 7.9 feet for a width of 150 feet. Total costs under the existing project were $224,116 of which $81,885 was for new work and $142,231 was for maintenance. In addition, $5,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- -....-............. ........... .......................--........ ... 1$81, 885 Cost....--------------------- ----------------- ----------- ------------- ------ 181, 885 Maintenance: Appropriated------......... -$2, 538 ------------ $12, 000 $3, 788 $64, 000 177, 428 Cost--------------- ................--- 128 ------------ 10, 586 5, 202 28, 803 142, 231 1 In addition $5,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 7. HOSKINS CREEK, VA. Location. Hoskins Creek is a tributary 2.5 miles long flowing in an easterly direction and entering the right bank of the Rappahannock River in Essex County, Va., 42 miles upstream from its mouth in Chesapeake Bay and one-half mile downstream from the town of Tappahannock, Va. The creek is 102 miles northerly of Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 535.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep from that depth in the Rappahannock River to the highway bridge three- quarters of a mile above the mouth with widths of 100 feet through the bar in the Rappahannock River and 80 feet within the creek, suitably widened at bends, and a turning basin of the same depth 250 feet long and 200 feet wide at the public landing one-half mile above the mouth of the creek. The total length of the improved section is 1.1 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.6 feet; irregular 2.5 feet; and extreme approximately 7.5 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work, for the completed project, was $44,100. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,900. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the Rappa- Rivers and Harbors Committee hannock River, 60 feet wide within the creek, with Doc.8, 75th Cong., 1st sess. a turning basin 250 feet long and 200 feet wide. Mar. 2,1945 Increasing channel depths to 10 feet and width within H. Doc. 129, 77th Cong., 1st sess. the creek to 80 feet. (The latest published map is in H. Doc. 129). RIVERS AND HARBORS--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 241 Local cooperation. The requirements under the project prior to the 1945 modification have been fully complied with. Modification of the project was approved subject to the provisions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way for maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. It is expected that these requirements will be met. Terminalfacilities. Two bulkhead landings and 2 wharves are now in the creek. The facilities are considered adequate for navigation. Operations and results during Fiscal year. A reconnaissance sur- vey to determine channel conditions was made of the entrance channel by Government plant and hired labor at a cost for the year of $185 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project as modified in 1945 was started and completed in December 1948. The controlling depth in May 1955 was 5.8 feet in the entrance channel for a width of 100 feet. Total cost for the existing project was $92,961 of which $44,100 was for new work and $48,861 was for maintenance. In addi- tion, $500 from contributed funds were expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated. .------ ------------ ,_ ---------, ------------------------ 1 $44, 100 Cost----.... ------.... ------------------------- ------------ ------------. 1. 44, 100 Maintenance: Appropriated----- ------------ ------------ $21,738------------ $147 48, 876 Cost---------------------------------- 21,686------------ 185 48,861 I In addition, $500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 8. TOTUSKEY CREEK, VA. Location. Totuskey Creek, located in Richmond County, Va., flows in a southerly direction about 15 miles to the Rappahannock River, which it enters on the left bank about 35 miles upstream from its mouth. The creek is 97 miles northerly of Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 535.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep from that depth in the Rappahannock River to and including a turning basin below Totuskey Bridge, 4.5 miles upstream, with a width of 150 feet through the bar at the entrance and 100 feet thence upstream, suitably widened at bends, and the construction of a dike at Booker bar. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.6 feet at the mouth and 2 feet at Totuskey Bridge; irregular, 2 feet at the mouth and 2.5 feet at Totuskey Bridge; and extreme, approximately 7.5 feet at the mouth. 242 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, re- vised in 1955 is $165,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,100. The existing project was adopted by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 14, 1880 Dike construction at Booker Bar.............-----------------.. Annual Report for 1880, vol. 1, p. 768. Aug. 30, 1935 Channel 8 feet deep and 150 feet wide at mouth, 80 H. Doec. 183, 72d Cong., 1st sess. feet wide upstream and repair of dike at Booker bar. Mar. 2,1945 Channel 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide at mouth and H. Doe. 686, 76th Cong., 3d sess. 100 feet wide upstream. (The latest published map is in H. Doec. 686.) Local cooperation. The requirements under the project prior to modification have been fully complied with. Modification of the project was approved subject to the provisions that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the im- provement, and contribute the sum of $1,000 toward the first cost. The sum of $1,000 has been contributed for modification of the project by local interests and it is expected that the other requirements will be met promptly. Terminal facilities. There are 2 county-owned wharves and 13 privately owned wharves or landings. Terminal facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing and future commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A reconnaissance survey to determine channel condition was made of the entrance channel by Government plant and hired labor at a cost for the year of $335 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project as modified in 1945 is about 25 percent complete. The project prior to modification was started in December 1936 and channels 150 feet wide in the en- trance, 80 feet wide within the creek and 8 feet deep throughout were completed in February 1937. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging to the increased depth and width as modified in 1945. The controlling depth in the entrance channel in May 1955 was 7.8 feet. Total cost for the existing project was $118,597 of which $37,649 was for new work, and $80,948 was for maintenance. In addition, $1,000 from contributed funds were ex- pended for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 243 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated----- - .------------ ------------ ------------------------ ------------ 1 $37, 649 Cost---- ------------------------------------------------------------ 137,649 Maintenance: . Appropriated.-----. $18, 273 $21, 727 -$95 ------------ ............ $350 80, 963 Cost----------------- _.-...... -16,246 23,658 ------------ -335 80,948 1In addition, $1,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------ 2 $127, 000 2 Exclusive of $1,000 contributed funds. 9. MAINTENANCE, OPERATION, AND CAPITAL OUTLAY OF THE WASHINGTON AQUEDUCT Location.-The diversion dam and raw-water supply intakes are located on the Potomac River at Great Falls 131/2 miles northwest of Washington, D. C.; the two collecting conduits, part of the Dalecarlia receiving reservoir and the booster pumping plant that lifts the water from the forebay to the main body of the Dalecarlia reservoir are located in Maryland; and all other structures of the water supply system including part of the raw-water collecting system, the purifica- tion plants, pumping station, storage reservoirs, and transmission mains are located in the District of Columbia. (See U. S. Geological Quadrangle, Washington and vicinity.) The control of the water-supply system is vested in the Chief of Engineers (see acts of March 3, 1859, and March 2, 1867, and sec. 1800 of Revised Statutes). Existing project. The existing project provides for (a) adminis- tration, operation, maintenance, and protection of the water-supply system facilities and reservations including collection, purification, pumping, transmission, storage facilities, and all Federal water mains and meters authorized by law, and (b) the planning and construction of increased supply facilities in accordance with House Document 480, 79th Congress, 2d session, dated August 15, 1945, as provided in Public Law 538, 81st Congress, chapter 218, 2d session, H. R. 8578, approved June 2, 1950, and as provided in Public Law 364, 83d Con- gress, 2d session, chapter 218, H. R. 8097, approved May 18, 1954. By act, Public Law 378, 64th Congress, approved March 3, 1917, the furnishing of water to adjacent Maryland areas from the District of Columbia water system was authorized by Congress; by act, Public Law 119, 69th Congress, approved April 14, 1926, the furnishing of water to Arlington County, Va., from the District of Columbia water 244 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 system was authorized by Congress; and, by act, Public Law 118, 80th Congress, 1st session, approved June 26, 1947, the furnishing of water to Falls Church or any other competent State or local authority in the Virginia metropolitan area, similarly, was authorized. A description of the District of Columbia water-supply system and of previous capital-improvement and operation-and-maintenance projects is printed on pages 2206-2208 and 2218-2220 of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, 1930; in an information pamphlet published June 1939 and revised December 1950; and in House Docu- ment 480, 79th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Prior to July 1, 1880, the expenses of the Washington Aqueduct for construction, operation, and maintenance were paid wholly out of the revenues of the United States. From July 1, 1880, to June 30, 1882, the expenses of operation and mainte- nance were paid one-half by the United States and the other half out of the general revenues of the District of Columbia. From July 1, 1882, to June 30, 1898, one-half of constructions costs were charged to a capital account on the books of the Treasury to be repaid by the District of Columbia from water rents with interest at 3 percent. From July 1, 1898, to July 1, 1916, the expenses of construction, oper- ation, and maintenance were paid one-half from surplus general revenues of the District of Columbia and the other half from the United States Treasury. From July 1, 1916, to June 30, 1932, the expenses of construction were paid 60 percent out of the general revenues of the District of Columbia and 40 percent by the United States. From July 1, 1932, to March 31, 1953, all expenses for con- struction have been paid out of the water revenues of the District of Columbia, to which the United States contributed annually a lump sum. From July 1, 1916, to date, the expenses of operation and main- tenance have been paid wholly out of the water revenues of the District of Columbia. From April 1953 to June 30, 1955, the sum of $1,900,000 was borrowed from the United States Treasury in installments, to finance the expansion and improvement of the District of Columbia water system as authorized by Public Law 533, 81st Congress, 2d session, approved June 2, 1950, and as amended by Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2d session, approved May 18, 1954. By Public Law 280, 66th Congress, 2d Session, approved June 10, 1920, the sum of $25,000 was appropriated wholly from United States revenues to prepare, among other things, a report to assure an increased and adequate water supply for the District of Columbia. The report submitted, known as the Tyler report, was the basis for the improvements constructed from 1922 to 1927. Included in the District of Columbia appropriation acts of 1941 and 1942, approved June 12, 1940, and July 1, 1941, respectively, a total of $40,000 was appropriated from the water fund, District of Columbia, for the preparation of a report "for the development of a plan to insure an adequate future water supply for the District of Columbia and metropolitan area." This report, published as House Document 480, 79th Congress, 2d session, contains the comprehensive plan and pro- RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 245 gram for the improvements and additions to the water system to insure an adequate water supply to the year 2000. Annually, since July 1, 1920, on a percentage basis and, since July 1, 1924, on a lulmp-sum basis, the United States has contributed to the support of the District of Columbia but, prior to July 1, 1947, no part of such annual percentage or lump-sum contribution had been allocated to the water fund, District of Columbia. Beginning with the fiscal year 1948, pursuant to Public Law 195, 80th Congress, 1st session, approved July 16, 1947, an annual amount of $1,000,000 was authorized for water consumed by the Federal Government. This amount was deducted from the annual lump-sum contribution of the United States to the District of Columbia and continued in effect until June 30, 1954. Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2d session, approved May 18, 1954, which is known as the "District of Columbia Public Works Act of 1954," provided for payment by the Government of the United States for all water and water services furnished, and increased the authority for borrowing. Public Law 533, 81st Congress, 2d session, approved June 2, 1950, authorized the Secretary of the Treasury to lend with a limit of $23,000,000 to the Commissioners of the District of Columbia such sums as may hereafter be appropriated to finance expansion and improvement of the water system when sufficient funds therefor are not available from the District of Columbia Water Fund established by law (D. C. Code 1940 edition, title 1943, ch. 15). The above public law was amended by Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2d session, approved May 18, 1954, by striking the figures "23,000,000" and inserting in lieu thereof the figures "35,000,000." Operations and results during the fiscal year. An uninterrupted and adequate supply of purified water was furnished to the District of Columbia; to Arlington County, Va., and Falls Church, Va.; and to Federal establishments in Arlington County, Va., and in Mont- gomery and Prince Georges Counties, Md. The maximum daily consumption was 257,140,000 gallons and the average daily consump- tion was 163,590,000 gallons. Based upon the estimated average number of consumers of 978,000 in the District of Columbia and 157,000 in Arlington County, the average per capita daily consump- tion was 144 gallons. The average daily consumption in the District of Columbia alone was 145,630,000 gallons or an average per capita daily consumption of 149 gallons. The average daily amount of water furnished to Arlington County and Falls Church, Va., was 16,660,000 gallons or an average per capita daily consumption of 106 gallons. The gross cost of $470,831.43 for the supply of water fur- nished the Virginia communities was reimbursed to the Water Fund, District of Columbia. The average daily consumption of water in all Federal Government establishments including parks, zoological garden, etc., was 33,095,173 gallons. A total of 476,922,000 gallons or an average of 1,300,000 gallons per day was delivered to Maryland communities during the fiscal year 1955 by the Water Division, Dis- trict of Columbia, through connections to the Washington Suburban 246 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Sanitary Commission's system. On 23 June 1952, fluoridation equip- ment was put in service and the application of sodium silicofluoride started and has continued throughout fiscal year 1955. The average turbidity of the raw water from the Potomac River was reduced from 94 parts per million to 0.0 parts per million and the average bacterial content was reduced from 5,070 to 1.0 per milliliter. Analyses were made for coliform bacteria on 104,670 tubes of water taken from 115 sampling points in the collection, purification, and distribution systems. After sterilization of the filter effluent, the average number of coliform bacteria per 100 milliliters was found to be 0.0 at Dalecarlia and 0.03 at the McMillan filter plant. The aver- age calcium carbonate alkalinity of the filtered water was 59 parts per million and the average pH value was 7.7 from the Dalecarlia filter plant, and 55 and 7.6, respectively, from the McMillan filter plant. The average hardness was 106 parts per million from Dalecarlia and 101 parts per million from McMillan. Fluorine content of 1,378 water samples was determined. The direct operating cost of water treated and delivered to the system per million gallons was $35.79 as compared with the cost of $31.20 per million gallons in fiscal year 1954. The overall cost of water delivered, including depreciation and interest was $66.60 per million gallons as compared with $59.58 in fiscal year 1954. Construction work authorized with "no year" funds not previously reported as completed was as follows: Repair and rehabilitation of McMillan filter plant 86 percent; circulating facilities in 1st and 2d high service reservoirs 76 percent; Georgetown Castle gatehouse 98 percent; modification to provide quality control of filtered water 67 percent; improving conveying equipment for chemicals 100 percent; Dalecarlia pumping station, intake, conduit, and control chamber 13 percent; conduit repairs (periodic) 100 percent; overhaul of wash-water valves 100 percent; acquisition of supplementary land 71 percent; purchase and installa- tion of Federal meters 90 percent; Little Falls pumping station, dam, and tunnel 8 percent; utility relocations and system interconnections 75 percent; hydro station improvements 20 percent and 3d high service transmission main (part I, 100%-Part II, 1%). The preparation of plans for capital outlay projects for increasing the water supply, not previously reported as completed, progressed as follows : Third high service reservoir at Reno (first half-90 percent) ; 48- inch pipe line from Dalecarlia to Reno (part I, 10,000 feet-100 per- cent) and part II, 1,700 feet--100 percent); new chemical building and operating center at McMillan 75 percent; Dalecarlia pumping station 100 percent; Great Falls intake structure 10 percent; federal meters 90 percent; land acquisition 72 percent; conduit repairs (peri- odic) 100 percent; Little Falls pumping station, dam, and tunnel 100 percent. System costs. The total accrued expenditures costed during the fiscal year was $4,317,905.17, distributed as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 247 Financial statement: 1. Operating expenses* Collecting system_---- $295, 757. 61 Purification system 1, 174, 450. 67 Pumping system_ 570, 441. 68 Transmission system-------------- ---- 96, 652. 43 $2, 137, 302. 39 2. Capital outlay Utility relocations_------------ 55, 308. 03 Improvement of McMillan filter plant _ facilities _---- -------------- _ 38, 250. 84 Conduit repairs_ -- ___---- -.- __----51, 510. 23 Federal meters ...- _________ ____----- 64, 424. 88 Remodeling Georgetown Reservoir ..... 166. 00 Modifications, quality control filtered water----------------------------_ -- 1, 172. 19 Hydroelectric station improvements----. 12, 053. 08 Cathodic protection of flocculators.____. 2, 469. 92 Third high service transmission main -- 816, 803. 71 Dalecarlia Pumping Station project- --. 844, 865. 55 Dalecarlia 30-million gallon Clearwater Basin :----------------__ 40, 199. 15 New 1McMillan Chemical Building and Operating Center_ ___ - 5, 625. 05 Little Falls Pumping Station, Dam, and Tunnel _____________-________ - 317, 103. 80 Third High Reservoir, Reno ------------ 36, 977. 94 Dalecarlia Filter and Chemical Building- 12, 981. 28 Advance planning_______ 1, 558. 32 Land purchases_-_____ _____-__ 605. 70 2-,- 302. 075 67 -- ,vv o.... .. 3. Deferred accounts______-- ___---------- - 121, 472. 89 Total cost for fiscal year 1955_______------- --- _ 4, 317, 905. 17 *Operating expenses, cost per million gallons, $35.79. Accident prevention: Government Contractors Total Man-hours exposure ----------------------- 660, 526 120, 865 781, 391 Accidents_------------- ----- 2 3 5 Lost time (days) ---------------------------- 55 6, 056 6, 111 Frequency (accidents per million man-hours worked)--------------------------------- 3. 03 24. 82 6. 40 Severity (days lost per 1,000 man-hours worked). 0. 08 50. 11 7.82 Visitors. Nine hundred and seventy persons were conducted through the water treatment and pumping plants and the bacterio- logical and chemical laboratories. College engineering, science students, public school pupils, and public officials numbered 955. Foreign visitors totaled 15. Control. All funds were expended in conformity with the legis- lative provision contained in the annual appropriation act which is as follows: Nothing herein shall be construed as affecting the superintendence and control of the Secretary of the Army over the Washington Aqueduct, its rights, appur- tenances, and fixtures connected with the same, and over appropriations and expenditures therefor as now provided by law. Condition at end of fiscal year. The intakes, conduits, reservoirs, filter plants, pumping stations, mechanical equipment, and structures, with the exception of the McMillan filter structures on which repairs are in progress, were in a generally good condition. However, the demands upon the supply system have exceeded its nominal capacity 248 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and, for several years, its operation has been in the overload category. During maximum consumption demand periods, the basic raw-water supply was exceeded and standby raw-water pumping equipment had to be utilized. Cost and financial summary as of June 30, 1955 Net appropriations_ ----------------------------------- $81, 864, 472. 16 Unexpended balance------------------- $18, 400, 543. 09 Net available---------------- ----------------------- 18, 400, 543. 09 Total costs---------- ------- -------------------- 63, 463, 929. 07 Division of costs Paid by Units District of District of United States Columbia Columbia Total general fund water fund Construction ...--------------------- $10, 965,377. 11 $9, 109,312. 82 $14, 571,489. 28 $34, 646, 179. 21 Maintenance ----------------------- 1, 250, 656. 36 955, 473. 18 26, 402, 903. 06 28, 609, 032. 60 .223, Spring-water supply--- 621.81----------------.-------------. 223, 621.81 Deferred charges----------------------............................... ...............---------------- -14, 55 904. -14, 904. 55 Total ........................-----------------------. 12, 439, 655. 28 1 10,064, 786. 00 40, 959, 487. 79 63, 463, 929. 07 1 Includes such part of the annual lump-sum contribution by the United States to the District of Colum- bia that could be considered a direct Federal expenditure. 10. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures Estimated full report to June 30, 1955 amount Name of project see Annual required Report to for- New work Maintenance complete 1. - Accotink Creek, Va. 17..................... 1878 $5,000 ............. 14 $37, 200 2. Anacostia Park, River and-Flats 19-........... 1953 3, 910, 582 .............. 3, 185, 300 3. Aquia Creek, Va.2 1928 56 52, 465 11, 750 (1) 4. Bransons Cove, Lower Machodoc Creek, Va .2 ._ ........... ............ ......... 1950 15,755 .............. (1) 5. Breton Bay, Md.: 2 Active__ 1950 947, 924 12, 621 (1) Inactive ..._......................... 1950 1431, 600 6. Broad Creek, Va.2_ __. .___............... 1952 27, 888 824 (1) 7. Carters Creek, Va.: 2 Active__ 1951 28, 398 13 3, 176 (1) Deferred - _ - -...-- - - -- --- 1951 - -- - .-- - -.-- - - - - - -.- - - .-- 14 23, 600 8. Channel to Island Creek, St. George Island, Md. .____. ... ... ........ .... ....... 1949 1528, 000 2 1481, 000 9. Coan River, Va. 17____________ _______ 1937 10. Cockrell Creek, Va.8 _-------------- 1949 15 118, 000 11. Colonial Beach, Va., Shore Protection _...... 1950 1551, 000 12. Cranes Creek, Va.2 .. .... .. 1950 6, 274 (1) 13. Dymers Creek, Va.2_ ______________. 1953 -------------- 5, 582 16 4, 524 (1) 14. Hellen Creek, Md.8 _________ _____ 1950 491- 15 12, 000 ---------------------------------- 15. Jackson Creek, Va.2.......................... 1950 8, 500 491 (1) 16. Locklies Creek, Va.2_________ __.__...... __.. 1928 11, 581 519 (1) 17. Lower Machodoc Creek, Va.2 . _____.__ 1904 9, 916 600 (1) 18. Milford Haven, Va.2___ ________. __._... . 1950 24, 568 14,278 (1) 19. Mill Creek, Va.2_ 1937 5, 445 (1) 20. Mulberry Creek, Va.2_ 1950 2,393 1,767 (1) 21. Neabsco Creek, Va.7 17_ 1884 5, 000 14127, 000 22. Neale Sound, Md.2 ....................... 1950 7 12,600 900 (1) 23. Nomini Bay & Creek, Va.: 2 A ctive ........... 1946 78,446 31,233 (1) Deferred .......... 2 ....... _ _......... 1946 1421, 500 24. Occoquan Creek, Va. 17- .....---------- 1950 S'41,253 112, 686 1422, 700 25. Parrotts Creek, Va.6 8_______....... __ ___ ... _. (18) 15 42, 000 See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 249 For last Cost and expenditures Estimated full report to June 30, 1955 amount Name of project see Annual required Report to for- New work Maintenance complete 26. Patuxent River, Md.s to1 _7________.. 1905 1114, 000- - - 1414, 000 27. Potomac River at Alexandria, Va.2- _- ....- . 1953 95, 215 216, 636 (1) 28. Potomac River at Lower Cedar Point, Md.3_ 1920 10, 234 6, 216 (1) 29. Potomac River at Mt. Vernon, Va.: 2 Active..__________-_________- __--__-.. 1950 17, 000 51, 486 (1) Inactive----__.........-------------------------.......... 1950 ------------------- 11, 000 30. Rappahannock River, Va_ ............. 1954 414, 633 1o so 1, 043, 045 (1) 31. Rappahannock River at Bowlers Wharf, Va.-- ..--------------------------- 1950 .........-------------..............------------.... 15184, 000 32. St. Catherine Sound, Md.8 ------- 1949 -- .- .- - .------- 1528, 000 33. St. Jeromes Creek, Md.2_ .................... 1951 1217, 857 24, 380 (1) 34. St. Patricks Creek, Md.8 _-------___ -------- 1950 ----- -- _---------- - 1521, 000 35. Smith Creek, Md.2 ________ ... ...2 -........... - -- - - - - - - - - 1936 5, 252 ...------------- 36. Upper Machodoc Creek, 8 Va. . __ 1916 20, 281 6, 119 (1) 37. Urbanna Creek, Va. ....................... 1951 38, 812 46, 822 1517, 200 38. Whitings Creek, Va.-............----------------------...... 1949 ......-------.....-------... -------------- 1532, 000 39. Snagging and clearing under authority of Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act ap- proved Mar. 2, 1945....... ---------------------- 1949 .......... 3, 000 3,.. 1 Completed. 2 Channels adequate for commerce. 3 No commerce reported. Includes $25,000 for new work for previous projects. 5 Includes $31,065 for new work for previous projects. 6 Awaiting local cooperation. 7 In addition, there was a cost of $1,000 for new work from contributed funds. 8 No funds available. 9 Includes $37,500 for new work for previous projects. 10Abandonment recommended in 1903 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 32, 61st Congress, 2d session. 11Includes $10,617 for new work for previous rojects. 12In addition, there was a cost of $26,500 for new work for previous projects. 1a In addition, $700 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 14Estimated amounts required to complete were revised in 1954. 15Estimated amounts required to complete were revised in 1955. 16 Revoked during fiscal year, $394. 17 Inacie. 18H.1 oc. 46, 82d Congress, 1st Session approved September 3, 1954. 19Includes $4,995 for work on tributaries. In addition, there was a cost of $600 for maintenance on tribu- taries from contributed funds. 2oIncludes $5,535 for demobilization of plant used in previous years operations. 11. ANACOSTIA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, FLOOD PROTECTION AND NAVIGATION IMPROVEMENTS, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND MARY- LAND Location. This project is located on the Anacostia River at the confluence of northeast and northwest branches at Bladensburg, Md., about 9 miles above the mouth at Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart 560.) Existing project. The project provides for channel improvement of Anacostia River from the foot of Fifteenth Street SE. in the Dis- trict of Columbia, to the junction of northeast and northwest branches at Bladensburg, Md.; channel improvement in northeast branch from mouth upstream to near Longfellow Street in Riverdale, Md.; channel improvement in northwest branch from mouth upstream to near 38th Street in Brentwood, Md.; levees along both banks of the streams to protect Bladensburg, Edmonston, Riverdale, Cottage City, and Col- mar Manor, Md.; interior drainage facilities in these communities, including four pumping stations and the necessary intercepting sew- ers; and alterations and reconstruction of highway and railroad bridges. The portion of the channel improvement of Anacostia River from the vicinity of 15th Street SE. in the District of Columbia to near Defense Highway bridge on U. S. Route 50, provides for a navi- 250 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 gation channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide with a commercial boat basin, and a recreational boat basin having a capacity of 150 boats, both on the left bank of the river near Bladensburg, Md. The esti- mated Federal cost for construction, revised in 1955 is $6,500,000; the estimated cost to local interests for construction, lands and damages is $5,500,000; a total of $12,000,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 202, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The existing project was approved subject to the conditions that local interests assume responsibility for furnishing all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction of the improvements and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, including in this responsibility the replacement of highway bridges and changes in streets, sewers, drainage works, and otlier utilities except for replacement of the railroad bridge; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction works; maintain and operate all the flood control features of the project in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army and maintain project depths in the recreational boat basin and the commercial harbor; and provide and maintain without cost to the United States at both the commercial and recreational boat basins nec- essary mooring facilities including public landings with suitable sup- ply facilities, open to all on equal terms. Local interests furnished assurances meeting in full the prescribed conditions of local coopera- tion. The assurances were approved by the Division Engineer, North Atlantic Division on June 28, 1954. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Construction, by con- tinuing contract, on the northeast branch was initiated in November 1954. Cost for the year was $191,309. Construction of the relocation of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge No. 1-A, by-pass was initiated in January 1955 and completed in April 1955 at a cost of $87,134. Construction of the relocated Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge 1-A was initiated in May 1955 under a continuing contract at a cost for the year of $8,088. Construction of the Edmonston Pressure Conduit was initiated under a continuing contract in April 1955 at a cost for the year of $55,105. Design engineering was continued throughout the year by hired labor. Costs for the year were $177,780. Supervision and administration was $64,780. Costs for temporary construction facilities during the year were $5,015. Total costs for the year were $589,211, all Federal funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 13 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction under continuing contracts was in progress at the end of the fiscal year as follows: Channel and levees, northeast branch, 22 percent complete; the Edmonston Pressure Conduit, 20 percent complete; and the reloca- tion of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge No. 1-A, 2 percent com- plete. The construction of a by-pass, part of the relocated Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge, was completed in April 1955. Designs and construction plans for the project were approximately 80 percent com- plete at the end of the fiscal year. FLOOD CONTROL---WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 251 Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955 were $848,779, Federal funds, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------ $25, 000 $78, 000 $175, 000 $900,000 $1, 178,000 Cost---------------------- 9,326 98,592 151,650 589,211 848,779 Maintenance: Appropriated--- Cost.................. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-- ----- $7, 835 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-___ 2, 750, 000 _ Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ __-_______________---- ___ __ 2, 757, 835 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ._________________________ 2, 572, 000 12. CUMBERLAND, MD., AND RIDGELEY, W. VA. Location. Cumberland, Md., and Ridgeley, W. Va., are located on the North Branch of the Potomac River, 21 miles upstream from its junction with the South Branch of the Potomac River and 197 miles upstream from Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey quadrangles, Frostburg and Flint Stone, Md., W. Va., and Pa.) Existing project. This project provides for channel improvements of North Branch of Potomac River from Western Maryland Railway bridge in South Cumberland upstream to the mouth of Wills Creek, with levees and fill along the left bank and levees along the right bank from the downstream corporate limits of Ridgeley, W. Va., to a point about 150 feet above Johnson Street Bridge; channel improve- ments along Wills Creek from its mouth upstream to a point in the Narrows about 500 feet upstream from highway bridge on U. S. Highway No. 40; levee and flood wall in West Cumberland, Md., on left bank of North Branch of Potomac River from mouth of Wills Creek upstream to Kelly Boulevard; levee and floodwall in Ridgeley, W. Va., on right bank of North Branch of Potomac River from Carpenter Avenue upstream to Patapsco Street near the upstream corporate limits of Ridgeley, W. Va.; interior drainage facilities in Cumberland and West Cumberland, Md., and Ridgeley, W. Va.; removal of Chesapeake and Ohio Canal dam and construction of a new industrial dam on North Branch of Potomac River immediately above mouth of Wills Creek; and alteration and reconstruction of highway and railroad bridges. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, revised in 1955, is $14,900,000, exclusive of $1,340,000 to be contributed by local interests, and $49,998, Emergency Relief funds. The esti- mated total cost to local interests is $2,340,000. 252 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following flood control acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 22,1936 Levees, retaining walls, a movable dam, and chan- H. Doc. 101, 73d Cong., 1st sess. nel clearing for Cumberland, West Cumberland and South Cumberland, Md., and Ridgeley, W. Va. July 24,1946 Levees, walls, channel improvement, removal of Report on file in the Office of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal dam and construction Chief of Engineers. of new industrial dam. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation with the proj- ect plan have been received. A total of $2,340,000 will be the cost to local interests of which $1,340,000 will be in cash towards construc- tion and the balance will be for lands required for construction of the project and damages incurred. Funds, lands, and rights-of-way are being furnished as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work on the Industrial Dam under a continuing contract was completed in July 1954. Costs for the year were $30,124, of which $15,091 was Federal funds and $15,033 was contributed funds. A contractors claim in the amount of $13,365, all Federal funds, was paid for the completed work on Section 1 of the Wills Creek channel improvement. Construction of the West Cumberland floodwall under a continuing contract was com- pleted in December 1954 at a cost for the year of $232,541, of which $232,161 was Federal funds and $380 was contributed funds. Con- struction of channels and levees in Section 1 of the Potomac River was initiated under a continuing contract in May 1955. Costs for the year were $40,366, all Federal funds. Design engineering was con- tinued throughout the year by hired labor at a cost for the year of $99,- 678, of which $86,725 was Federal funds and $12,953 was contributed funds. Supervision and administration was $51,464, of which $49,272 was Federal funds and $2,192 was contributed funds. The costs for land acquisition during the year were $35,592, and costs for the year in connection with lands and damages by hired labor were $15,724, all Federal funds. Total costs for the fiscal year for new work were $518,854, of which $488,296 was Federal funds and $30,558 was contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 41 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the first unit of the project, consisting of four pressure conduits and con- necting sewers, started in March 1949 was completed in November 1949. Construction of the second and final unit of interior drainage pressure conduits and sewers, started in November 1949 under a con- tinuing contract, was completed in December 1951. Construction of section 1 of the Wills Creek channel improvements, started in April FLOOD CONTROL---WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 253 1952 under a continuing contract, was completed in May 1954. Con- struction of the Industrial Dam, started in April 1953 under a con- tinuing contract, was completed in June 1954. Construction of the West Cumberland floodwall, started in June 1954 under a continuing contract, was completed in December 1954. Construction of channels and levees in section 1 of the Potomac River was started under a con- tinuing contract in May 1955 and was 5 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Designs and construction plans for the project were approximately 80 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs for the existing project to 30 June 1955, have been $6,- 830,925, of which $6,139,138 was Federal funds, $691,787 contributed funds and $49,998 Emergency Relief funds, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ----......... $1, 154, 000 $946, 000 $1, 144,000 $950, 000 $500, 000 $6, 389, 170 Cost----------------- 939, 843 565, 142 1,082, 882 1, 630, 728 488, 296 2 6, 139, 138 1Includes $49,998 expended from Emergency Relief funds. 2 In addition, $691,787 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -$48, 884 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - - - 1, 400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------- 1, 484, 884 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----------------------------- 7, 161, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-...... 1-$50, 000 2-$17, 648 $251, 000-_ $181, 308 $864, 660 Cost --------------------------- 59, 660 42, 684 $228, 885 30, 558 691, 787 1 Refund of contributed funds $50,000. 2 Refund of contributed funds $70,000. 2 Refund of contributed funds $2,692. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- _ $46, 268 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----------------------------------------- 46, 268 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-- ---------------------------- 475, 340 254 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 13. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 fItEstimated amount re- full report Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and complete maintenance 1. Harpers Ferry, W. Va.s 4 1937 --------------------------- $485, 000 2. Moorefield, W. Va.4 3_----___.........._ 1941 7, 928 .------------ 366, 000 3. Salem Church Reservoir, Va. ----------- _ 1954 144, 785 ----------- 45, 855, 200 4. Savage River Dam, Va -------------------- 1954 6 2, 271, 939------------ (7) 5. Washington, D. C., and vicinity_----------- 1953 331, 927 ------------- 1 1, 710, 000 6. Waynesboro, Va. ............---------- ..........---------------. 1950 --------------------------- 3, 310, 000 7. Emergency flood-control work under author- ity of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 18, 1941---- ... -------------------------- 1950 -------------- $56, 274 ----------. 8. Snagging and clearing under authority of section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, as amended__....---------_ 1950 -------------- 18, 418 ........... 9. Emergency flood-control works under author- ity of the Flood Control Act approved June 23, 1947-------- -------------------------- 1953 -------------- 831,163 -----------. 10. Small flood-control projects under authority of section 205 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 30, 1948, as amended ........------ 1953 ------------ 136, 500 ............. 11. Emergency flood-control work under author- ity of section 208 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948--.........----.....-----------...... 1953 105, 813 105,813------------ 1Cost revised in 1955. s Cost revised in 1954. 8 Recommended for abandonment in Survey Report on Potomac River dated Apr. 30, 1944, published as H. Doc. 622, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 4 Inactive. 8 Deferred. 6 Includes $200,000 expended from contributed funds. 7 Completed. 8 Revoked during fiscal year, $4,837. o Revoked during fiscal year, $3,061. 14. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Approved regulations for operation and maintenance of flood con- trol works, Part 208 of Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, provide for semiannial inspection by the District Engineers of completed projects whic~ have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. During the fiscal year 1955 the following inspec- tions of completed flood control works have been made: Savage River Dam, Md. An allotment of $1,300 was made during the year for scheduling of flood control reservoir operations at Savage River Dam. Operations during the year consisted of inspections of the operations and hydrologic network, inspections to determine com- pliance with regulations for maintenance of structures and equipment, and preparation of monthly reports of operations, at a cost of $1,309. All structures inspected were found to be in good condition. Exces- sive cavitation was discovered in an 18-inch bypass valve which will be replaced by local interests at an early date. Washington, D. C., and vicinity. The levee systems in Potomac Park, which were constructed as part of the Washington, D. C., and vicinity project, were inspected during the year. The section along the toe of earth levee previously removed by the Naval Receiving Sta- tion for use as a parking lot was restored. All project features were found to be in good condition. No costs were incurred for this work, FLOOD CONTROL--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 255 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1954 Maintenance: Appropriated---------------------------------------$2, 550 $1, 300 $3, 850 Cost...---------------------- ---------------- 2, 520 1,309 3, 829 15. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood control projects under authority of section 212 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. No inspections were made of the earth levees and appurtenances constructed under au- thority of section 212 of the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, in the town of Bridgewater, Va., at the junction of North River and Dry River, which have previously been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. However, reports from local interests indicate the structures to be in good condition. No costs were incurred. Flood Control Emergencies--Repair and Flood Fighting and Res- cue Work. (Section 210 of t 1 e 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) Costs incurred for flood fighting activities during the flood emergency resulting from the storm of October 15, 1954, were $3,246. Costs for, post flood reports were $1,370. Super- vision and administration was $130. Total costs for the year were $4,746. Advance preparation for flood emergencies. Costs incurred for the preparation and revision of the flood emergency manual during the fiscal year were $4,812. Supervision and administration was $241. Total costs for the year were $5,053. The additional sum of $2,500 is needed to be appropriated for the fiscal year 1956 for the annual revision of the flood emergency manual. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ... 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: ------------------------------------------------ Appropriated....... $4,746 $4,746 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ 4,746 4,746 year ending June 30 Fiscal Total toJune 30,1955,includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: ------------........--- Appropriated--................ ----------------- -------------- $5, 100 $5, 100 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ 5, 052 5, 053 363037-55-vol. 2- 17 256 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 16. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS No work was performed on examination and surveys for navigation during the fiscal year. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, $153, will be applied during the fiscal year 1956 for the completing of survey reports for Bonum Creek, Hacks Creek, and Hull Creek, Va. No work was performed on examinations and surveys for flood con- trol during the fiscal year. An anticipated allotment of $10,000 will be expended during fiscal year 1956 on the review report for the Anacostia River and Flats, Washington, D. C. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT This district comprises a small portion of southeastern West Vir- ginia, central and eastern Virginia, and a portion of northern North Carolina embraced in the west shore drainage basins tributary to the southern part of Chesapeake Bay south of the watershed line between the northerly arm of Winter Harbor and Garden Creek, Va., and the eastern shore drainage basins south of and including Onancock River, Va.; the drainage tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from White Creek and Gargathy Inlet, inclusive, to the Virginia-North Carolina State line; the Roanoke River Basin above Weldon, N. C.; the Meherrin River Basin above Murfreesboro, N. C.; and the Chowan River Basin above the confluence of the Nottoway and Blackwater Rivers, Va. It also includes the Virginia portion of the Intracoastal Waterways between Norfolk, Va., and Beaufort Inlet, N. C., and the portion of the waterway from Norfolk to the sounds of North Carolina north of Albemarle Sound. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page Page 1. Quinby Creek, Va_ __.. 257 13. Roanoke River Basin, Va. 2. York Spit Channel, Va .... 259 and N. C - ___ 280 3. Horn Harbor, Va__________ 260 14. John H. Kerr Reservoir, 4. Pamunkey River, Va __- 261 Roanoke River Basin, Va. 5. Thimble Shoal Channel, Va_ 263 and N. C- 282 6. James River, Va _ _ 264 15. Philpott Reservoir, Roanoke 7. Newport News Creek, Va___ 267 River Basin, Va _-... 283 8. Norfolk Harbor, Va ....... 268 16. Gathright Reservoir and 9. Hampton Roads and the har- Falling Spring Reregulat- bors of Norfolk and New- ing Dam, James River port News, Va.-Collec- Basin, Va_ 285 tion and removal of drift__ 273 10. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- General Investigations way between Norfolk, Va. and the St. Johns River, 17. Examinations and surveys _ 286 Fla. (Norfolk District) __ 274 18. Collection and study of basic 11. Blackwater River, Va .-... 277 data- 286 12. Other Authorized Navigation Projects____________ 279 1. QUINBY CREEK, VA. Location. This creek is an indeterminate natural channel on the Atlantic Ocean side of the Delmarva Peninsula about 32 miles north of Cape Charles and about 33 miles south of Chincoteague, Va. The creek extends in a generally southeasterly direction between Quinby Landing at Quinby, Va., and the head of Tony's Rock Drain, in Upshur Bay, a distance of 6,900 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 1221.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water and 80 feet wide from that depth in Upshur Bay to a point 600 feet bayward from Quinby Landing, thence 60 feet wide to Quinby 257 258 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Landing, a total distance of about 6,900 feet, and a turning and moor- ing basin of the same depth, 200 feet wide and 400 feet long opposite the public terminal and landing. The mean range of lunar tides is 4.4 feet with variations caused by storms of from 2 feet below to 12 feet above mean low water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $142,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 241, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is mn that document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, in adopting the existing project, imposed the conditions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for con- struction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as re- quired; (b) hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction and maintenance of the project, including such dam- age as may occur to public or leased oyster and clam beds; (c) provide at their own expense suitable mooring facilities within the basin and terminal facilities adjacent thereto with suitable access road and parking area all of which shall be open to all on equal terms; and d) establish and enforce suitable regulations governing the movement and anchorage of craft in the vicinity of the improvement. These conditions of local cooperation have been met and approved on June 15, 1955. Local interests are required to furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are 2 open-pile wooden wharves and about 125 feet of wooden bulkhead at Quinby, Va., which are pri- vately owned. In addition, berthing spaces, a wooden dock and a launching ramp have been constructed which are open to all on equal terms. These facilities are connected to the State highway system by a suitable access road and are considered adequate for existing and reasonably prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work dredging by contract in the turning basin and Quinby Creek channel to a depth of about 5 feet was commenced September 26, 1954, and continued to November 15, 1954, when the work was completed. There were re- moved 34,735 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $24,660. Maintenance dredging by contract in Quinby Creek channel to a depth of about 3 feet was commenced November 9, 1954, and con- tinued to November 15, 1954, when the work was completed. There were removed 2,104 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $2,831. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $27,491, of which $24,660 is for new work and $2,831 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 34 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of a por- tion of the entrance channel to depths of about 3 feet and partial width was commenced in May 1952 and completed in July 1952. Con- RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 259 struction of the turning basin to a depth of about 5 feet was com- menced in September 1954 and completed in November 1954. The con- trolling depths at mean low water, as determined in November 1954, are 4.6 feet in Quinby Creek Channel and 5.4 feet in the turning basin. The entrance channel has a controlling depth of 3.8 feet as determined in July 1952. The head of navigation for boat traffic is Quinby Landing at Quinby, Va. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The work remaining to complete the project consists of deepening the channel to a depth of 8 feet at mean low water over a width of 80 feet from that depth in Upshur Bay to a point 600 feet bayward from Quinby Landing, thence 60 feet wide to Quinby Landing, a total distance of about 6,900 feet and deepening the turning and mooring basin to 8 feet, 200 feet wide and 400 feet long opposite the public terminal and landing. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $50,767, of which $47,936 was for new work and $2,831 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated _---------___---------- $23, 276 ------------- $25, 000 $48, 276 Cost- ....... ...... ..----....... 19, 465 $3, 811 - ------ 24, 660 47, 936 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... .. - ...- -2, 831 2, 831 Cost--------..------------------------------------------------ 2, 831 2, 831 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $340 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ 84, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___-_ - 84, 340 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-----------------_ ------------------ 9, 384 2. YORK SPIT CHANNEL, VA. Location. York Spit Channel lies in the lower Chesapeake Bay opposite the mouth of York River and about 20 miles northerly from the Atlantic Ocean at the entrance of Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1222.) Previous project. The original project was adopted March 3, 1905. For further details see page 389 of the Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for a channel approximately 6.77 miles long, 1,000 feet wide, and 39 feet deep at mean low water be- tween the contours of that depth in Chesapeake Bay opposite York Spit. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.5 feet and extreme 3.0 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuation, due to com- bined effect of wind and tides, referred to mean low water, are minus 2 feet and plus 9.5 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $673,410. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $29,000. 260 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1905 A channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide--..---------.......... H. Doc. 186, 57th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 4,1913 ......... Channel width increased to 1,000 feet-----------....--- H. Doc. 1190, 62d Cong., 3d sess. July 3, 1930 Channel depth increased to 37 feet .........----------------.... H. Doc. 29, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 Channel depth increased to 39 feet------------------- In accordance with report on file in office of the Chief of Engineers dated June 30, 1942 (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. York Spit Channel is an access channel be- tween lower and upper Chesapeake Bay. No terminal facilities are located on the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condition and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $4,354. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in 1932 and continued intermittently to, February 1952 when the project was completed. The controlling depths as ascertained in April 1955 were 38.8 feet in midchannel and 36.8 feet along the edges. Depths are referred to mean low water. The total cost of the existing project prior to fiscal year 1942 was included in the project for Baltimore Harbor and Channels, Md. Since that date, the total cost to June 30, 1955, was $1,531,946, of which $673,410 was for new work and $858,536 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated-------- $300, 000 - $109, 448 ----------------------------------- $673, 410 Cost ----------------- 94, 368 97, 324 -----------------.-------.------------ 673, 410 Maintenance: Appropriated_ -------- 5, 500 12, 500 ------------ $10, 000 $100 858, 791 Cost__------------------ 3, 613 1, 771 $11,821 6, 286 4, 354 858, 536 1Costs prior to fiscal year 1942 are included in the project "Baltimore Harbor and Channels." 3. HORN HARBOR, VA. Location. This is a tidal estuary 4 miles in length, located in Mathews County, Va., entering Chesapeake Bay on its western shore 43 miles northerly of Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 494.) Ewisting project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide across the entrance bar. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean tidal range is about 2 feet with winds causing additional variations of 2 to 3 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $11,487. RIVERS AND HARBORS---NORFOLK, VA.) DISTRICT 261 The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 124, 70th Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 22, 73d Cong., 2d sess.), which removed the require- ment that local interests contribute $6,000 toward the cost of the improvement. The latest published map is in the latter document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 3 wharves, 5 piers and a marine rail- way within the harbor. The wharves are open to the public. The existing facilities are considered adequate. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condition and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $2,001. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in April 1937 and completed in June 1937. The controlling depth as ascertained in September 1954, was 6.2 feet at mean low water. The head of navigation for boat traffic is at the Standard Oil Com- pany's dock. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $34,960, of which $11,487 was for new work and $23,473 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ------------------------ ------------ ------------ ------------.......... $11,487 Cost......--------------------.... --...---------- ------------------------------------ 11,487 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... -$928 --------- ------------------------ $2, 001 23, 473 Cost....--------- ----------------------------------- ------------ 2,001 23, 473 4. PAMUNKEY RIVER, VA. Location. Pamunkey River rises in central Virginia and flows in a southeasterly direction for about 130 miles to its junction with the Mattaponi River at West Point, Va., forming the York River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 504.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide between the mouth of the river and Bassett Ferry, a distance of 47.5 miles. The mean range of tide is 3 feet both at White House and West Point. The extreme range is 3.4 feet at White House and 3.5 feet at West Point. The irregular fluctuation, due to combined effect of wind and tide is 6 feet at West Point. The cost for new work for the completed project was $31,376. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,000. The portion of the project between Bassett Ferry and Manquin Bridge is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing 262 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 cost estimate. The cost of this portion was revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $36,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Dredging and snagging for channel 5 to 6 feet deep Annual Report, 1875, pt. 2, p. 162. and 40 to 60 feet wide to Hanovertown, Va. June 14, 1880 For channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide on lower Annual Report, 1885, pt. 2, p. 982. bars with dikes on 2 bars. Limits dredging and snagging for channel 7 feet deep Annual Report, 1908, pt. 1, p. 249. and 100 feet wide to Bassett Ferry. Mar. 2, 1945 A channel 5 feet deep and 50 feet wide between Bas- H. Doc. 671, 76th Cong., 3d sess. sett Ferry and Manquin Bridge.1 (contains latest published map.) 1Inactive. Local Cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are three wooden wharves on Pamunkey River above Indian Point Bar. There is also 800 feet of steel bulk- head and one wooden wharf 700 feet long at West Point, Va., at the mouth of the river. These facilities are privately owned and are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance snagging and clearing operations at Skidmore Bar to remove fallen trees ob- structing the channel, with Government plant and hired labor, were commenced February 28, 1955, and continued to March 4, 1955, when the work was completed. The cost of the work was $1,603. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project from the mouth to Bassett Ferry, Va., was commenced in 1880 and completed in 1913. Construction of 1,478 linear feet of sheet pile dikes at Spring Bar and Skidmore Bar and 14 permeable spur dikes, aggregating 2,332 linear feet, at Buckland Bar and Hogan Bar was commenced in 1908, and completed in 1909. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Controlling depths Mid- Name of channel Left channel Right Date determined outside for half outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) Mouth to Bassett Ferry ........--------------------------- 3. 7 4. 6 6. 4 March-April 1949. 80 percent of project width 40 percent on either side of center line (feet) Bassett Ferry to Manquin Bridge 1---.--..-.------- - 4.2 December 1947. 1Inactive. The head of navigation, for other than rowboats and fishing skiffs, is at Bassett Ferry, Va. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 263 The total cost of the the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $187,325, of which $31,376 was for new work and $155,949 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------------------------------------------------------------- $31, 376 cost----------------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 31,376 1Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $16, 997 --------------------------------- $1, 603 155, 949 Cost----------------- 20, 674 ..----------------------------------.... 1, 603 155, 949 5. THIMBLE SHOAL CHANNEL, VA. Location. Thimble Shoal Channel lies in the lower portion of Chesapeake Bay between Hampton Roads and the ocean, and is 20 miles northeast of the center of Norfolk Harbor, extending south- easterly 11 miles from a point 11/4 miles east of Thimble Shoal Light- house toward the entrance to Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1222.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. For further details see page 470, Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 11 miles long, 1,000 feet wide, and 40 feet deep at mean low water with auxiliary channels 450 feet wide and 32 feet deep at mean low water adjoining each side of the 1,000-foot channel. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.5 feet and the extreme 3 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuation, due to combined wind and tides, referred to mean low water, are minus 3 feet and plus 7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $3,584,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $213,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 8,1917 A channel 40 feet deep and 750 feet wide-----. H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 4,1954 Channel width increased to 1,000 feet.with side chan- S. Doc. 122, 83d Cong., 2d sess. nels on either side 32 feet deep and 450 feet wide. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. This project serves as an entrance channel to Hampton Roads. For a description of terminal facilities, see this heading under "Norfolk Harbor, Va.," "Channel to Newport News, Va." etc. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condition and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $7,294. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 64 percent complete. Construction of the channel 750 feet 264 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 wide and 40 feet deep was commenced in December 1917, and con- tinued intermittently to June 1929, when the work was completed. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Left outside Mid-channel Right Name of channel quarter for half proj- outside Date (feet) ect width quarter determined (feet) (feet) 1,000 feet wide and 40 feet deep. .... _._ __ 33. 5 39.3 33. 9 May 1955. South auxiliary channel . . .- - _29. - -- 9 -------------- Do. North auxiliary channel ....------------------------------------ 29. 9 -------------- Do. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of widening the 750-foot channel to 1,000 feet to a depth of 40 feet with auxiliary channels 450 feet wide and 32 feet deep adjoining each side of the 1,000-foot channel. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $3,414,- 110, of which $2,283,772 was for new work and $1,130,338 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated --- ---- ..... .......... .----------- - . - ----- $2, 617, 381 Cost-------.. ---. _. ------------- -------------------------------- ----------- 2, 617, 381 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- $1, 063 $9, 000 $624 $7, 500 $7, 400 1, 130, 448 Cost-__-___-- .-____- _ 3, 215 5, 507 4, 117 7, 495 7, 294 1, 130, 338 1 Includes $333,609 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_---------------$1, 300, 228 6. JAMES RIVER, VA. Location. This river is formed by the junction of the Cowpasture and Jackson Rivers in Botetourt County, Va., flows easterly 340 miles, and empties into Hampton Roads at Newport News, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 529, 530, and 531.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870. For further details see page 1797 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 461 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the mouth to Hopewell, 69.2 miles; thence 25 feet deep and 200 feet wide, following the cutoff route between Hopewell and the Richmond deepwater terminal, 17.2 miles; thence a channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the deepwater terminal to the Richmond Lock, 4.4 miles, and the removal of the obstruction in Richmond Har- bor known as Trigg cofferdam; for a turning basin 200 feet wide, 600 feet long and 18 feet deep in Richmond Harbor; and for maintenance of the turning basin at Richmond Deepwater Terminal to a depth of 25 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 265 Depths of channels are referred to mean low water. The total length of channel included in the project is 90.8 miles, which is the navigable section. The mean tidal ranges under ordinary conditions for different parts of the river are as follows: Mouth, 2.6 feet; Jamestown, 2.0 feet; City Point, 2.6 feet; Richmond, 3.5 feet. Following are the extreme ranges under ordinary conditions at the same localities: Mouth, 3.1 feet; Jamestown, 2.4 feet; City Point, 3.0 feet; Richmond, 4.0 feet. The ordinary fluctuations of stage at Richmond, due to floods, are 6 to 12 feet above mean low water. The extreme fluctuations are 16 to 32 feet. The flood heights below Richmond diminish rapidly, the extreme, ac- cording to available information, being about 11 feet lower at Dutch Gap, 14 miles below, and 17 to 18 feet lower 20 miles below. The cost for new work, for the completed project was $6,796,240, exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $335,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 5,1884 Channel 22 feet deep from mouth to Richmond and S. Ex. Doc. 147, 47th Cong., 1st construction of spur and training dikes. sess. June 13,1902 Extension of improvement to Richmond lock gate . Mar. 3, 1905 Forming a turning basin by widening channel at H. Doc. 234, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Richmond. 1 July 3,1930 Existing project dimensions_ --------------------- H. Doc. 314, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Removal of the Trigg cofferdam_ ---------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 68, 74th Cong., 1st sess.l Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin in Richmond Harbor_ H. Doc. 738, 77th Cong., 2d sess.1 May 17,1950 Maintenance of turning basin at Richmond Deep- H. Doc. 191, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' water terminal. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The river's commerce at Richmond is han- dled at the city-owned terminals, city wharf, and Richmond dock, and at 13 privately owned wharves located within or in the imme- diate vicinity of Richmond Harbor. The Richmond Deepwater Ter- minal at the head of the 25-foot depth serves oceangoing vessels and the larger ships engaged in coastwide trade. Below the deep- water terminal the improvement is served by 42 wharves. The Richmond terminals and wharves, together with the wharves between Richmond and the river's mouth, are adequate for the river's commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging, by contract, in Dancing-Swann Point Shoal Channel, Goose Hill Channel and Tribell Shoal Channel was accomplished during the year. Dredging Dancing-Swann Point Shoal Channel was com- menced August 10, 1954, and continued to October 5, 1954, when the work was completed. There were removed 485,405 cubic yards of. material, place measurement. Dredging Goose Hill Channel was commenced July 15, 1954, and continued to August 14, 1954, when the work was completed. There were removed 315,729 cubic yards of material, place measurement. Dredging Tribell Shoal Channel was 266 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 commenced July 15, 1954, and continued to August 14, 1954, when the work was completed. There were removed 234,671 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $223,324. Maintenance condition and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $57,364. A contract for maintenance dredging between Richmond Deepwater Terminal and Hopewell was awarded in May 1955. No operations were commenced prior to the close of the fiscal year. The cost of preparation of plans and specifications for this work was $1,279. A contract for maintenance dredging in Richmond Harbor and at Richmond Deepwater Terminal was awarded in June 1955. No opera- tions were commenced prior to the close of the fiscal year. The cost of preparation of plans and specification for this work was $300. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $282,267, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in 1884 and continued intermittently through the various modifications of the project to November 1947, when the work was completed. Construction of the 25-foot channel between Hope- well, Va., and the mouth was commenced in January 1931 and com- pleted in March 1932. Construction of the cutoffs between Hope- well, Va., and Richmond, Va., was commenced in February 1933 and completed in October 1937. The remainder of the channel between Hopewell and Richmond was completed in October 1938 with the ex- ception of rock removal at Falling Creek and between Richmond Deepwater Terminal and Richmond which was accomplished between April and November 1947. Construction of the turning basin in Richmond Harbor was commenced in October 1947 and completed in November 1947. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Controlling depths Mid- Name of channel Left channel Right Date determined outside for half outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) Mouth to Hopewell: Rocklanding Shoal Channel_____....... __ ___ __ 25. 0 25. 0 25.0 May 1954. Tribell Shoal Channel_________........____________ __ 25. 0 25. 0 25. 0 August 1954. Goose Hill Channel-- .... ______________________ 25. 0 25. 0 25. 0 October 1954. Dancing Point-Swann Point Channel ....... 25. 0 25.0 25. 0 Do. Weyanoke Point Channel _____________-___ __- 25. 0 25. 0 25. 0 May 1954. Jordon Point-Harrison Bar-Windmill Point 20. 0 22. 3 21.2 March 1955. Channel. City Point Channel_____________ __________._ 25. 0 25. 0 25. 0 August 1949. Hopewell to Richmond Deepwater Terminal ........ 22. 0 23. 4 23. 4 May 1955. Richmond Deepwater Terminal to Buxton Line dock_ 16. 4 17. 6 18. 0 March 1950. Buxton Line dock to a point 200 feet downstream 4. 4 5. 2 10. 7 April 1955. from Richmond lock. A point 200 feet downstream from Richmond lock to ---------- 12. 7 ---------- Do. the lock. The head of navigation for boat traffic is at Richmond, Va. Navi- gation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $11,443,684, of which $6,796,240 was for new work, representing RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 267 $6,212,404 from regular funds and $583,836 from Public Works funds, and $4,647,444, for maintenance, including $838 applied to the removal of shoals in Bennetts Creek, Va., under the provisions of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved October 17, 1940. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated . . .. . . .... ... . . $7, 559, 240 Cost ------------ ------------ .. ... ------------ .. - --...... 7, 559, 240 Maintenance: Appropriated- ------- $465, 157 $248, 500 $136, 142 $385, 000 $155, 009 4, 939. 612 Cost_ 98,427 403, 182 170, 755 167, 038 282, 267 4, 647, 444 1Includes $763,000 for new work for previous projects. 7. NEWPORT NEWS CREEK, VA. Location. Newport News Creek, Va., is located on the southern end of the peninsula between the James and York Rivers and within the corporate limits of the city of Newport News. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 1222.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water with widths varying from 200 to 60 feet from deepwater in Hampton Roads to and through the municipal boat harbor entrance, thence 12 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide to and in- cluding a turning basin and anchorage of the same depth 220 feet wide and 400 feet long in the upper end of the harbor. The mean tidal range is 2.6 feet and the extreme 3.1 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuations due to combined wind and tides referred to mean low water, are -2 feet and + 9.5 feet. The cost for new work, for the completed project was $135,600. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 559, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with as to initial construction. Local interests are required to simultaneously dredge certain areas adjacent to the project during periods of future maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are 4,210 linear feet of steel and wood bulkhead, and 2 marine railways, which can accommodate vessels up to 85 feet in length, on Newport News Creek. The city of Newport News maintains 400 feet of bulkhead open to the public without charge and operates a pleasure boat marina with 18 finger piers at which a nominal wharfage fee is charged. The remaining facilities are pri- vately owned or are leased by the city to private firms. These facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract for mainte- nance dredging to remove critical shoaling at the entrance to the project was awarded in June 1955. No operations were commenced 268 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 prior to the close of the fiscal year. The cost of preparation of plans and specifications was $126. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing proj- ect was commenced in January 1948, and completed in April 1948. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Controlling depths Mid- Name of channel Left channel Right Date determined outside for half outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) Entrance channel..------------------------------- 10.4 9. 7 7.0 April 1955. Newport News Creek----------... --------------------- 12.0 12.0 11. 5 April 1950. Turning Basin..--------------------------------- 12.0 11.1 12.0 Do. The head of navigation for boat traffic is the upstream end of the turning basin at the head of the project. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $141,663, of which $135,600 was for new work and $6,063 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ..---...--.. --------- ---------------------------------- ------------ $135, 600 Cost-----------.........--------------- ------------------------------------------ 135, 600 Maintenance: Appropriated- -.$1, 246 ------------ $1, 500 -$317 $12, 900 18, 837 Cost-__---------- ---------------- ---------- 1, 183 126 6, 063 8. NORFOLK HARBOR, VA. Location. Norfolk, Va., is 187 miles south of Baltimore, Md., and 30 miles from the entrance to Chesapeake Bay at Cape Charles and Cape Henry. The harbor extends from the 40-foot contour in Hamp- ton Roads to a point 2,500 feet above the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge over the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, a distance of 17.3 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 452). Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 14, 1876; July 5, 1884; modified June 30, 1885; and by River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890; June 3, 1896; July 7, 1898; June 13, 1902; March 3, 1905; and March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1795 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 454 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a main channel 40 feet deep, 1,500 feet wide from that depth in Hampton Roads to a point just RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 269 south of the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation piers; thence at the same depth 750 feet wide to the mouth of Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, and 450 feet wide up this branch to the Belt Line Railroad bridge, a distance of 14 miles, including an approach and turning area to the same depth of a maximum width of 830 feet oppo- site the Norfolk Naval Shipyard, extending downstream 3,250 feet from the Belt Line Railroad bridge; thence 35 feet deep, 375 feet wide and 1 mile long to the Virginian Railway bidge; then 35 feet deep, 250 feet wide, and 3.1 miles long to a point 1,900 feet above the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge, with adequate widening of the channel at the bends, a turning basin 35 feet deep and 600 feet by 600 feet at the upstream end, making a total distance of 18.3 miles; a channel in the Eastern Branch, 25 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 1.09 miles long from the 40-foot channel at the mouth to the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge; thence 25 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 0.55 mile long, to the Campostella Bridge; thence 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 1.2 miles long to the Virginian Railway bridge; and for maintenance at a depth of 25 feet of the existing turning basin approximately 51/2 acres in extent at the head of the existing project just below the Virginian Railway bridge; a channel in the Western Branch, between the 40-foot channel at the mouth and a point about 3,000 feet above the West Norfolk Highway bridge, a distance of about 1.72 miles; 24 feet deep, 300 feet wide, 0.78 mile, and 200 feet wide, 0.37 mile to the bridge; thence 18 feet deep, 150 feet wide, 0.57 mile; a channel in Scotts Creek between the 40-foot channel at the mouth and a point 100 feet above the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bridge (about 0.73 mile upstream), 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide; anchorage areas on the west side of the 40-foot channel opposite Lambert Point and south of Craney Island aggregating 173 acres, consisting of: One an- chorage space 1,500 feet square and 38 feet deep; one anchorage space 1,500 feet square and 35 feet deep; and one anchorage 1,000 feet wide, 3,000 feet long, and 20 feet deep; and another anchorage of 45 acres, 12 feet deep, near Pinner Point; and a trapezoidal-shaped disposal area of about 2,500 acres of flats adjacent to and north of Craney Island, enclosed by stone-faced levees of sand pumped from existing deposits adjacent to and within the disposal area, three sluiceways in the westerly leevee, two rehandling basins, each 200 by 800 feet, 40 feet deep, spaced 500 feet apart, an approach and exit area 3,800 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 28 feet deep connecting the rehandling basins with the 40-foot channel. All depths are referred to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 2.7 feet and the extreme 3 feet. The ex- tremes of irregular fluctuations, due to combined effect of tides and wind, referred to mean low water, are -2 feet and +9.62 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $21,252,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,334,000. The Eastern Branch, 30-foot channel portion of the project is con- sidered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estim1ate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $43,000. 270 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents HAMPTON ROADS AND ELIZABETH RIVER Mar. 2, 1907 A channel 30 feet deep to the navy yard_ -------.-..- H. Doc. 381, 59th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Depth of 35 feet to the navy yard H. Doe. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 Depth of 40 feet and width of 750 feet to the mouth H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. of the Southern Branch. 1 Sept. 3,1954 Widening the 40-foot channel to 1,500 feet from the S. Doc. 122, 83d Cong., 2d sess. 40-foot contour in Hampton Roads to a point just south of the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation piers. SOUTHERN BRANCH June 25, 1910 For a channel with depths of 22 and 25 feet .-........ H. Doc. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Depth of 40 feet and width of 450 feet from the mouth H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. to the Belt Line RR. bridge. Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 30 feet deep and 375 feet wide to the Vir- H. Doc. 226, 68th Cong., 1st sess. ginian Ry. bridge, thence 25 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide to the Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge. Aug. 30, 1935 2 Depth of 25 feet and width of 200 feet from the Nor- H. Doc. 182, 73d Cong., 2d sess. folk & Western Ry. bridge to a'point 2,500 feet above, with a turning basin 500 feet square. 1 June 30, 1948 Approach and turning area 40 feet deep and a maxi- H. Doc. 545, 80th Cong., 2d sess. mum width of 830 feet opposite Norfolk Naval Shipyard, thence a channel 35 feet deep and 375 and 250 feet wide to a point 1,900 feet above the Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge and a turning basin 35 feet deep and 600 feet by 600 feet at the upstteam end. EASTERN BRANCH July 5, 1884 Improvement of the Eastern Branch_ -------------- Annual Report 1885, p. 1015. Mar. 2, 1907 Width of 500 feet and depths of 25 feet and 22 feet. -.- H. Doc. 373, 59th Cong., 1st sess. Do_ -- Removal of shoals at the mouth_ -------------- - Specified in act. Mar. 3, 1925 Depth of 25 feet and width of 200 feet from the Nor- H. Doc. 226, 68th Cong., 1st sess. folk & Western Ry. bridge to the Virginian Ry. bridge. July 3, 1930 The 30-foot channel to a point opposite the terminal H. Doc. 37, 71st Cong., 1st sess. of the Imperial Tobacco Co. in Berkley.3 Mar. 2,1945 Depth of 25 feet and width of 300 feet from the Nor- H. Doc. 224, 76th Cong., 1st sess. folk & Western Ry. bridge to the Campostella bridge. WESTERN BRANCH Mar. 4, 1913 Channel with depth of 24 feet and widths of 300 and H. Doc. 566, 62d Cong., 2d sess. 200 feet to the West Norfolk highway bridge. July 3, 1930 For the 18-foot channel to a point about 3,000 feet H. Doc. 265, 70th Cong., 1st sess.' above the West Norfolk highway bridge. SCOTTS CREEK Do ___... For the existing project dimensions...__ __-___-___ H. Doec. 189, 70th Cong., 1st seas. ANCHORAGES June 25, 1910 A 30-foot anchorage at Lambert Point_--------.----- H. Doc. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 A 12-foot anchorage at Pinner Point__----- H. Doc. 605, 63d Cong., 2d sess.t Sept. 3, 1954 An anchorage 38 feet deep and 1,500 feet square; an S. Doec. 122, 83d Cong., 2d sess.' anchorage 35 feet deep and 1.500 feet square; and an anchorage 20 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide, and 3,000 feet long. DISPOSAL AREA July 24, 1946 A trapezoidal-shaped area of about 2,500 acres of flats H. Doec. 563, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' adjacent to and north of Craney Island, including levees, sluiceways, rehandling basins, and approach and exit areas. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in Emergency Relief Administration program May 28, 1935. 3 Inactive. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, in adopting the modification for construction of anchorages on the west side of the 40-foot channel and south of Craney Island con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 271 sisting of 1 anchorage space 38 feet deep and 1,500 feet square; 1 an- chorage space 35 feet deep and 1,500 feet square; and 1 anchorage space 20 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide, and 3,000 feet long imposed the condition that the Commonwealth of Virginia agrees by suitable legis- lation, to extinguish for the useful life of the project all oyster rights, both public and private, in the oyster bottoms in the vicinity, com- prising approximately 282 acres. This condition has not been com- plied with. All prior requirements and conditions imposed by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1935, October 17, 1940, July 24, 1946, and June 30, 1948, have been complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities within the limits of this improvement include about 227 wharves, piers, etc., with an ag- gregate length available for wharfage purposes of about 32 miles. It is considered that the facilities are adequate for the present commerce of the port. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work construction of Craney Island Disposal Area was commenced in July 1954 and continued throughout the fiscal year. The initial phase of this im- provement consists of construction of an access road and a sand levee with rock riprap and sluiceways. The access road is completed and approximately 40 percent of the levee is complete. The cost of the work was $1,384,973. Maintenance dredging, by contract, in the Eastern Branch of the Elizabeth River, 25-foot channel, to remove the shoal at the site of the old Berkley highway bridge, on which operations had been sus- pended in May 1954, was continued intermittently to July 30, 1954, when the work was completed. There were removed 3,265 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $5,392. Maintenance dredging, with the U. S. hopper dredge Essayons, in the 40-foot channel between Craney Island and Hampton Roads, was commenced June 1, 1955, and continued to the end of the year. There were removed 604,725 cubic yards of material, credited place measure- ment. The cost of the work was $171,723. Maintenance condition surveys, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $64,892. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $1,626,980, of which $1,384,973 was for new work and $242,007 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 43 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the 40-foot channel from Hampton Roads to the Belt Line Rail- road bridge was commenced in July 1917 and continued intermit- tently to May 1931, when the work was completed. Construction of the Southern Branch 35-foot channel was commenced in May 1950 and completed in March 1951, except for dredging at the Nor- folk-Portsmouth Belt Line Bridge. Construction of the Eastern Branch 25-foot channel was commenced in February 1928, and com- pleted in June 1928. A modification to widen a portion of this channel was commenced in August 1948 and completed in September 1950. 363037-55--vol. 2 18 272 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Construction of the Western Branch 24-foot channel was completed in 1914. Construction of the Western Branch 18-foot channel was com- menced in April 1931 and completed in May 1931. Construction of Scotts Creek was commenced in September 1931 and completed in De- cember 1931. Construction of Pinner Point anchorage was completed in 1939. Construction of the Craney Island Disposal Area was com- menced in July 1954. The sand levee with rock riprap is about 40 percent complete. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Controlling depths Mid- Name of channel Left channel Right Date determined outside for half outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) 40-foot channel: .....--- Hampton Roads to junction of branches----- 36.1 37.6 34.0 January 1955. Junction of branches to Belt Line R R. bridge_ _ 34.3 39. 3 34.6 August 1954. Southern Branch, Belt Line RR. bridge to point 31.3 33.5 32. 5 May-June 1955. 2,500 feet above Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge. Eastern Branch: Junction of branches to Norfolk & Western Ry. 25.0 25.0 25. 0 May 1951. bridge. Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge to Virginian Ry. 24. 5 24.2 24.4 Do. bridge. Western Branch: Mouth to West Norfolk highway bridge-...... -_ 13.9 15. 7 16.6 January 1949. West Norfolk highway bridge to point 3,000 feet 18.0 18. 0 18. 0 Do. upstream. ------------------------------ Scotts Creek-----......................................... 6. 9 7. 4 7. 9 December 1948. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of widening the 40-foot channel from Hampton Roads to a point just south of the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation piers; the con- struction of the 38-foot, the 35-foot, and the 20-foot anchorages on the west side of the 40-foot channel and south of Craney Island; comple- tion of construction of a trapezoidal-shaped disposal area of about 2,500 acres on the flats adjacent to and north of Craney Island, includ- ing levees, sluiceways, rehandling basins, approach and exit areas, etc.; and dredging at the Norfolk-Portsmouth Belt Line Bridge when the present structure is replaced by a new bridge under the Truman-Hobbs Act. Depths are referred to mean low water. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $16,250,- 192, of which $9,275,600 was regular funds and $49,978, Emergency Relief funds, a total of $9,325,578 for new work; and $6,924,614 regu- lar funds for maintenance. In addition there were costs of $23,936 of contributed funds for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 273 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated .....-- $767, 000 -$131, 835 $35, 000 $682, 000 $2, 000, 000 $13, 094, 836 Cost----------------- 965, 813 4, 324 11, 200 113, 273 1, 384, 973 11, 887, 282 Maintenance: Appropriated .-----.....----. 290, 044 344, 553 127, 244 113, 000 208, 705 7, 000, 125 Cost............----------------- 284, 571 311, 006 174, 395 82, 750 242, 007 6, 996, 653 1 Includes $2,561,704 for new work and $72,039 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $23,936 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------- $23, 326 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .__ 1, 150, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________________________________ 1, 173, 326 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------------------------- 9, 568, 868 9. HAMPTON ROADS AND THE HARBORS OF NORFOLK AND NEWPORT NEWS, VA.-COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF DRIFT Location. Hampton Roads is a natural harbor located 300 miles south of New York and 180 miles south of Washington, D. C. Its principal tributaries are the James River, affording a natural deep harbor at Newport News, Va.; the Elizabeth River, with its South- ern, Eastern, and Western Branches, providing harbors for Nor- folk and Portsmouth, Va.; and Hampton Creek serving the harbor at Hampton, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 452.) Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift in Hampton Roads and its tributary waters and authorizes the Secretary of the Army to allot such amounts as may be neces- sary for the work from appropriations for the maintenance and im- provement of existing river and harbor works or from other available appropriations, and that this work shall be carried on as a separate and distinct project. It is wholly a work of maintenance. The pur- pose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of ob- struction, and no advance estimate of the amount of work required and its proper cost can be made. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, as specified in the act. Terminal facilities. For a description of the terminal facilities on this project see this heading under "Norfolk Harbor" tnd "Channel to Newport News, Va." 274 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance operations, consisting of collection and removal of drift material in the harbors of Norfolk and Newport News, Va., and their tributaries, with Gov- ernment plant and hired labor, were carried on during the year at a cost of $23,503. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is ,one of continuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Operations under the existing project were commenced July 1, 1950. Costs for the removal of drift previous to that time were carried under the project "Norfolk Harbor, Va." The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $85,879, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $20, 000 $15, 000 $11, 684 $20, 000 $20, 000 $86, 684 Cost__-------- - 14,515 17,169 13,196 17, 496 23, 503 85, 879 10. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (NORFOLK DISTRICT) Location. The improvement described herein consists of two in- land water routes approximately paralleling the Atlantic coast south of Norfolk, Va., and located (1) between a point in the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, Va., 2,500 feet above the Norfolk & West- ern Railway bridge and the Virginia-North Carolina State line in North Landing River, a distance of 27.2 miles, and (2) between the mouth of Deep Creek, Va., and the mouth of Pasquotank River, N. C., a distance of 64.6 miles. These routes are shown on United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 452, 1227, 829, and 830. Previous projects. Partial projects were adopted by River and Harbors Acts of March 3, 1873, June 18, 1878, March 3, 1879, June 14, 1880, March 3, 1881, and September 19, 1890. For further details see page 497, Annual Report for 1932, and page 476, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 90 feet to 250 feet wide following the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, 5.2 miles, the Virginia Land Cut, 8.3 miles, and North Landing River, 13.7 miles; and the construction of a tidal guard lock at Great Bridge, Va. It also provides for channels 10 feet deep at mean low water and 80 feet to 100 feet wide in Deep Creek, 3.1 miles, Turners Cut, 4.3 miles, and Pasquotank River, 35.1 miles; main- taining Dismal Swamp Canal, 22.1 miles, to a depth of about 9 feet mean canal level over a width of 50 feet; the protection of banks in Turners Cut with sheet piling, and cutting certain sharp points in Pasquotank River to shorten its course. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 275 Data relative to the completed locks included in the project Dimensions on Depthsills miter fromiles Great- Year Nor- Location Width est Character of opened Actual folk, of length foundation to navi- cost Va. chain- avail- Lift Upper Lower gation her able (feet) (feet) (feet) (fee) for full width (feet) 12. 4 Albemarle and 75 600 2. 7 (1) (1) Piles in sand 1932 $499, 913. 00 Chesapeake Canal and shells. (Great Bridge, Va.) 10. 7 Dismal Swamp Ca- 52 300 12 12 12 Natural earth 1940 348, 878. 83 nal (Deep Creek, with cutoff Va.) walls. 33. 1 Dismal Swamp Ca- 52 300 12 12 13 .... do ....... 1941 372, 556. 40 nal (South Mills, N. C.). 1 16 feet at mean low water. The Southern Branch of Elizabeth River and the Deep Creek sec- tions of the two routes are tidal, the mean range being about 2.7 feet with extreme of -2 and + 9.6 feet. The remaining sections are non- tidal with fluctuations of 1 to 2 feet in level due to winds. The cost for new work for the completed project was $3,396,276. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $545,000, including $405,500 for operating and care. The protection to canal property portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $265,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 Existing project dimensions and original route, water- H. Doc. 317, 54th Cong., 1st sess., way from Norfolk, Va., to sounds of North Carolina. and Annual Report, 1896, p. 1086; H. Doc. 131, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report, 1899, p. 1485. July 25,1912 Original route of the Norfolk-Beaufort Inlet section .-_ H. Doc. 391, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Do_ ... _ Purchase of Chesapeake & Albemarle Co. Canal ._._- H. Doc. 589, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3,1925 Purchase of Lake Drummond Canal (Dismal Swamp Rivers and Harbors Committee Canal). Doc. 5, 67th Cong., 2d sess. 1 July 3, 1930 Construction of a tidal lock at Great Bridge at a limit S. Doc. 23, 71st Cong., 1st sess. of cost not to exceed $500,000. June 26, 1934 2 Operating and care of the works of improvement pro- vided for with funds from War Department appro- priations for rivers and harbors. Mar. 2,1945 Construction of dikes 3 for protection of canal property H. Doc. 117, 76th Cong., 1st sess. against floodtides. I Contains latest published map, both routes. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 3 Inactive. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities serving the two water routes at the northern terminus are described in the report for Nor- 276 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 folk Harbor, Va. South of Norfolk there are 3 piers, 15 wharves, 6 landings, 5 marine railways, and 3 bulkheads serving these routes. The landings are publicly owned and are open to the public without charge. The remaining facilities are privately owned and are open to the public at a nominal charge. These facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging, by contract, in Dismal Swamp Canal in the vicinity of the Feeder Ditch, was commenced June 17, 1955, and continued to the end of the year. There were removed 31,720 cubic yards of material, place meas- urement. The cost of the work was $19,462. Maintenance snagging and bank trimming operations, with the U. S. derrick boat Roanoke, were commenced in November 1954 and con- tinued intermittently to the end of the fiscal year. The cost of the work was $40,164. Installation of emergency power-generating equipment for Great Bridge lock, Great Bridge bridge, and North Landing bridge, with Government plant and hired labor, was completed during the year at a cost of $6,880. Construction of a marine portage railway to lift small boats around Deep Creek lock, with Government plant and hired labor, was ac- complished during the year at a cost of $5,640. Replacement of floor of Deep Creek Bridge with steel grid flooring, with Government plant and hired labor, was accomplished in July 1954. Replacement of floor of South Mills Bridge with steel grid flooring, with Government plant and hired labor, was accomplished in June 1955. The cost of the work was $14,594. Maintenance condition and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $21,599. Operation and care of the locks, bridges, spillways, wharves, canal plant, grounds, roads, etc., was carried on during the year as required at a cost of $240,967. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $349,306, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River and North Landing River portions of the project was commenced in 1915, and continued intermittently to May 1920, when the work was completed. The Albemarle & Chesa- peake Canal was acquired by the United States from the Albemarle & Chespeake Canal Co. on April 30, 1913, for $500,000. Construction of the Deep Creek, Turners Cut, and Pasquotank River portions of the project was commenced in August 1899, and continued intermit- tently to June 1902, when the work was completed. The Dismal Swamp Canal was acquired by the United States from the Lake Drummond Canal & Water Company on March 30, 1929, for $500,000. A tidal guard lock in the Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal at Great Bridge, Va., was completed in 1932. Locks at Deep Creek, Va., and South Mills, N. C., on the Dismal Swamp Canal were built in 1940 and 1941, respectively. (See table in paragraph "Existing project.") The locks are in good condition. RIVERS AND HARBORS---NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 277 The controlling depths for the project are as follows: Controlling depths: 80 per- cent of project Name of channel width, 40 per- Date determined cent on either side of center line (feet) Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, Va------------------ 1 10. 5 July 1952. Virginia Cut, Va_ -------------------------------------------- 12. 0 July 1948. North Landing River, Va....----------------------- ---------------- 8. 9 March 1955. Deep Creek, Va--_ ------------------------------------------- 1 8. 6 October 1953. Dismal Swamp Canal------------------------- ---------------- 7.0 January 1955. Turners Cut, N. C ....------------------------------------------- 8.4 May-June 1951. Pasquotank River, N. C....................................--------------------------------------- 59. 4 January-February 1947. 1 Depths are referred to mean low water. 2 Depths are referred to Virginia Cut datum. * Depths are referred to North Landing River datum. 4 Depths are referred to canal datum. 5 Depths are referred to ordinary low water. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $12,692,- 008, of which $3,396,276 (including $1 million for the purchase of the Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal and the Dismal Swamp Canal) was for new work; $4,281,900 for maintenance; and $5,013,832 for opera- tion and care. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated .... ----------------------------------- ------------ ------------............ $3, 688, 372 Cost----------------- Maintenance: ------------ ------------ ----------------------- ------------ 3,688,372 Appropriated.......- $453, 456 $297, 432 $247, 577 $331, 218 $329, 700 9, 384, 816 .. Cost--------- -- 604, 688 418,040 309, 693 299,072 349, 306 9, 348, 536 1 Includes $292,096 for new work and $52,804 for maintenance for previous projects. 11. BLACKWATER RIVER, VA. Location. The river rises in Prince George County, near Peters- burg, Va., and flows in a general southeasterly direction for 80 miles, where it unites with the Nottoway River to form the Chowan River, which empties into Albemarle Sound. The portion under improve- ment extends from its mouth to Franklin, Va., a distance of 14.5 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey, Holland quadrangle, Va.) Previous project. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 18, 1878. For further details, see page 1802 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 480 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for clearing the river between Franklin, Va., and the mouth, a distance of about 14.5 miles, of obstructions so as to afford a condition of easy navigation for boats of 7-foot draft. The stream is nontidal. The portion of the river under improvement is subject to freshets of short duration, causing rises of 3 to 4 feet, but the general stage of the river remains for the greater part of the time at the elevation of Albemarle Sound, with which it connects. 278 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The cost for new work for the completed project was $2,144. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $4,000. The 12-foot channel, with cutoffs, portion of the project is con- sidered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost esti- mate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $322,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar.- 2,1907 Clearing the river between Franklin, Va., and the H. Doc. 177, 59th Cong., 1st sess. mouth, a distance of about 14.5 miles, of obstruc- tions so as to afford a condition of easy navigation for boats of 7-foot draft. Mar. 2,1945 A channel 12 feet deep and generally 80 feet wide from H. Doc. 101, 76th Cong., 1st sess. a point just downstream from the Seaboard Air (contains latest published maps). Line Railway Bridge at Franklin to the mouth, a distance of about 14.5 miles including cutoff chan- nels of like dimensions through two bends at Cherry Grove and Georges Bend, and a turning basin of 3.2 acres at Franklin.' 1Inactive. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are about 1,300 feet of wooden bulk- head at Franklin, Va., and a marine railway that will accommodate vessels up to 100 feet in length, all privately owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance snagging and bank trimming operations, with the U. S. derrick boat Roanoke, between the mouth and Franklin, were commenced in December 1954 and completed in January 1955. The cost of the work was $11,455. Condition at end of fiscal year. Snagging and channel clearing to provide a channel with a depth of 7 feet at mean low water was completed in 1908. The controlling depth, as ascertained in May- September 1945, was 7.7 feet at mean low water. The head of navigation for boat traffic is at Burdette, Va. Navi- gation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $91,504, of which $2,144 was for new work and $89,360 for maintenance. In addition $19,900 was expended on the inactive portion of the project for advance planning for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated---------......... ----- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $36, 044 Cost--....---------------- ------------------------------------------------- 36,044 Maintenance: ......... Appropriated------- ----------- ----------- $1, 550 -$101 $11, 455 89, 360 Cost _-------------------------------------1,449------------ 11, 455 89,360 1Includes $14,000 for new work for previous projects. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 279 12. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 ful reprt Estimated full report amount Name of project see Annual Operation zequired to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Onancock River, Va.1 2_____-_ - _____ -- 1951 $187, 914 $100, 443 (3) 2. Nandua Creek, Va.----------------------- 4 --- - --- -- - -- -- -- - 1950 6, 988 2, 988 (3) 3. Occohannock Creek, Va. _ 1951 Active portion __________.__....___ _ _.._....___.. 13, 859 36, 723 (3) Inactive portion.------------------------------------------ 4- -------------- $90, 000 4. Little Machipongo River,1 Va. .. .......- - - 1950 15, 000 12, 596 (3) _________. 5. Oyster Channel, Va. .............. 1952 56, 600 6, 936 86, 000 6. Kings Creek, Va.-Inactive 4_ ___- 4 .-- -__ 1950 -------------- -------------- 122, 000 7. Cape Charles City Harbor, Va. 7 .... 1950 Active portion___. .. __ ___.-------------- ----- ---- 648, 381 80, 716 (3) Inactive portion.....-------------------------.....--.......-------------........ ------------- 207, 000 8. Winter Harbor, Va.- __. ___-_______-___ 1950- _- _-____ .__._____-___ _ 251,000 - - .-- - - - - - - -- - - - - 9. Davis Creek, Va.--_______..__- -___1950 ..........------------------- ... 104, 000 10. Mattaponi River, Va. 8 _ _ 1950 Active portion----------- ------ .......... 83, 836 142, 519 (3) Inactive portion 4 - --------------------.. - - - - - - - - - ------------------------------------- - 160, 000 11. York River, Va. _ . .. . . . . 1941 Active portion___.. ________ __.._______ _ ..... . 180, 904 173, 355 Inactive portion ... ------------------------ ......---------------- -------------- 128, 000 12. Channel Connecting York River, Va. with Back Creek to Slaight's4 Wharf 4 10o . -. - 1950 14, 855 19, 828 (3) 13. Little River (Creek), Va.4 11 _____1952 168, 623 104, 547 (3) 14. Appomattox River, Va. 12____________________ 1954 Active portion 852, 651 .___...____________________-____ 532, 090 (3) Inactive portion __________ ___-__ ___ ... ____....._ 17, 690 362, 000 5'_-______ 15. Deep Creek (City 4 of Warwick), Va.'1 8 ---... 1951 25, 637 57, 178 209, 000 16. Pagan River, Va. 13_ _-_-_-________._ -- 1950 51,425 256, 414 (3) 17. Nansemond River, Va.4 14____ 1952 167, 477 213, 045 (3) 18. Portsmouth Harbor, Va. Channel to Nanse- mond Ordnance Depot 4 4____________________ 1947 165, 566 66, 162 (3) 19. Hampton Creek, Va. 15... 1950 186, 237 14, 129 (3) 20. Channel from Phoebus, Va. to deep water in Hampton Roads 4 1_______________________ - - 1944 11, 500 11, 750 (3) 21. Willoughby Channel, Va.4___________ 4 __ 1953 8, 500 17, 522 (3) 22. Channel to Newport4 News, Va. 17-...... - _ - - 1954 1, 477, 262 321, 353 (3) 23. Lafayette River, Va. ____________.____. 1950 12, 048 1, 000 (3) 24. Knobbs Creek, N. C.4 __________________ _ 1950 80, 500 25, 000 (3) 1 Maintenance dredging scheduled for fiscal year 1956. 2Includes $33,549 for new work and $24,754 for maintenance for previous projects. 3 Completed. 4 Channels adequate for commerce. 6 Latest revision of estimate in 1954. 6 Construction funds to complete project not available until later date. 7 Includes $445,291 military funds expended for new work on adopted project and $83,041 military funds expended for new work on wharf and bulkhead. 8Includes $51,249 for new work and $60,440 for maintenance for previous projects. 9 Latest revision of estimate in 1887. 10oIn addition $2,500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 11Federal funds expended by U. S. Navy for new work. In addition $16,995 expended from funds con- tributed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. for new work. 12Includes $22,500 for new work for previous projects. 13Includes $20,671 for new work for previous projects. 14Includes $30,000 for new work and $7,000 for maintenance for previous projects. 15Includes $12,000 for new work for previous projects. In addition $62,969 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 16In addition $1,200 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 17Includes $225,000 for new work and $12,500 for maintenance for previous projects. 280 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 13. ROANOKE RIVER BASIN, VA. AND N. C. Location. The works covered by this project consist of a series of dams and reservoirs in the Roanoke River and its tributaries in Vir- ginia and North Carolina, within a radius of 100 miles from Danville, Va. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, approved the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Roanoke River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 650, 78th Congress, 2d session, and au- thorized the construction of the John H. Kerr Reservoir (formerly known as the Buggs Island Reservoir) on the Roanoke River in Vir- ginia and North Carolina, and the Philpott Reservoir on the Smith River in Virginia as the initial step of this development. Following is a list of the dams and reservoirs included in the com- prehensive plan. The estimates of cost as given were revised in 1954 with the exception of John H. Kerr Reservoir, the estimate for which was reviewed in 1955. Dams and resersoird Distance Estimated cost abReservoir Power de- Name Nearest city mouth Height of dam and type capacity velopment (miles) (acre-feet) (kilowatts) Con- Land and Total struction damages 2 - - -and John H. Kerr,4- -Va. - - - -N.- - C.4__ - - Boydton, Va----------........... 178. 7 144 feet, concrete gravity and earth-fill. 2, 808, 000 204, 000 $61, 900,000 $25, 250, 000 $87,150, 000 Philpott, Va. Bassett, Va------------.... 336. 2 220 feet, concrete gravity -------------- 249, 800 14, 000 12, 180, 000 1, 160, 000 13, 340, 000 Gaston, Va. and N. C........- Roanoke Rapids, N. C_ 144. 9 108 feet, concrete gravity and earth-fill__ _ 432, 000 54, 000 27, 000, 000 3, 500, 000 30, 500, 000 0 Roanoke Rapids, N. C. ..-- -----. ... do.------------_ -137. 0 75 feet, concrete gravity----------------- 59, 300 83, 700 31,300, 000 800, 000 32,100, 000 0 Smith Mountain, Va---------.... Altavista, Va-----------........... 314. 2 244 feet, concrete gravity---__-. ____-- 825, 000 41, 000 28, 000, 000 3, 800, 000 31,800, 000 Leesville, Va.......... ----.......... do............---------------- 293. 7 95 feet, concrete gravity and earth-fill__ 76, 900 20, 000 9,100, 000 1,000, 000 10, 100, 000 Taber, Va---------- ..... -- ----- do ............---------------- 275. 0 54 feet, concrete gravity ---------------- 34, 000 12, 000 8, 000, 000 1, 700, 000 9, 700, 000 0 Melrose, Va____-.-----,___- Brookneal, Va ........- 262. 9 110 feet, concrete gravity and earth-fill__ 120, 000 43, 000 17, 700, 000 6, 000, 000 ? 23, 700, 000 Randolph, Va__--- ---- ----- Chase City, Va--------....... 227. 8 147 feet, concrete gravity and earth-fill__ 305, 000 48, 000 22,100, 000 4, 700, 000 26, 800, 000 Stuart, Va. and N. C-------.......-- Spray, N. C ___.__.__. 297. 2 138 feet, earth-fill ......--------------------- 163, 000 15, 000 9,000,000 1, 100, 000 10, 100, 000 Schoolfield, Va. and N. C _-_. Danville, Va........... 265. 9 126 feet, concrete gravity and earth-fill__ 248, 000 80, 000 27, 800, 000 6, 400, 000 34, 200, 000 0 6 Based on modified plan developed in fiscal year 1949. 0 1 Mouth of Roanoke River at Albemarle Sound. Construction completed in 2Includes highway, railroad, and utilities relocation. June 1955 by the Virginia Electric and Power Co. 3 Exclusive of transmission lines. 7 Includes cost of earth dam on Whipping Creek, diversion conduit, power canal, 4 Details of these project items are given in individual reports. powerhouse, etc. 0 5 Authorizing legislation provided for earth dam; concrete, gravity dam constructed. 1- H t-3 00 282 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. None required. John H. Kerr and Philpott Reservoirs are the only projects in the comprehensive plan that have been authorized for construction in ac- cordance with the above authorization, and individual reports on the two reservoirs are given in the following pages. All operations pre- viously reported under the heading, "Roanoke River Basin, Va. and N. C.," for those two projects are now contained in the individual reports, and previous costs and expenditures have also been transferred to those reports. 14. JOHN H. KERR RESERVOIR, ROANOKE RIVER BASIN, VA. AND N. C. Location. The site for the John H. Kerr Dam is on the Roanoke River, about 178.7 river miles above the mouth. It is in Mecklenburg County, Va., 20.3 miles downstream from Clarksville, Va., 18 miles upstream from the Virginia-North Carolina State line, and 80 miles southwest of Richmond, Va. At the elevation of the top of gates, the reservoir will extend upstream on the Roanoke River 56 miles and on the Dan River 34 miles. Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a concrete gravity dam with wing and saddle dikes on the right and left banks, with a total length of approximately 22,285 feet. The main dam consists of a nonoverflow concrete section on the right bank 629 feet long, a concrete spillway section 1,092 feet long, a concrete power intake section 614 feet long, and a concrete nonoverflow section on the left bank 450 feet long. The right bank earth wing and saddle dikes total 9,050 feet in length and the left bank wing and saddle dikes total 10,450 feet in length. The maximum height of the concrete sec- tion is 144 feet above bedrock and the earthfill dikes vary in height to a maximum of 45 feet. At the elevation of the top of gates, the dam provides a total storage capacity of 2,808,000 acre-feet, of which 1,- 278,000 acre-feet is flood storage; 1,046,000 acre-feet, power drawdown; and 484,000 acre-feet in dead storage below the surface of the minimum power pool. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs in the Roanoke River Basin for the control of floods, the generation of hydroelectric power, the regulation of low water flow, and for other purposes. The power installation is 204,000 kilowatts. The estimate of cost, revised in 1955, is $61,900,000 for construction and $25,250,000 for lands and damages, including the relocation of highways, railroads, and utilities, a total of $87,150,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944, which approved the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Roanoke River Basin for flood con- trol and other purposes as set forth in House Document 650, 78th Con- gress, 2d session. The latest published map is printed in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The land acquisition pro- gram, by hired labor, was continued throughout the year consisting of the filing of condemnation proceedings and processing relocation agreements and outleases. Plans and specifications for contracts awarded during the year were FLOOD CONTROI-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 283 prepared. Planning for recreation and other land uses and for reser- voir regulation was continued during the year. Reservoir management facilities, by contract, were constructed dur- ing the year consisting of an administration building, parking areas, access roads, outpost garage and boathouse, comfort station, and utility buildings. Purchase of permanent operating equipment items was continued. Hired labor operations during the year consisted of completion of installation of flow-meters and recorders in the powerhouse, grading, landscaping and seeding the tailrace floodplain and reservoir rebrush- ing and ditching. Operation and maintenance of the project for flood control, pro- duction of power, low water regulation, and recreation was continued throughout the year. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $919,891, of which $512,944 was for new work and $406,947 for operation and main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in February 1946, and the project as a whole is complete ex- cept for several minor supply contracts, reservoir management facili- ties, and construction of recreational facilities and resolution of claims against the Government, and judgments in real estate condemnation cases. Production of power is underway and the project is providing flood protection. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $85,891,- 865 of which $84,909,300 was for new work and $982,565 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ........ $25, 500, 000 $17, 000, 000 $7, 806, 000 $555, 200 ------------ $85, 761, 200 Cost__--------------- 19, 144, 021 19, 168, 522 14, 783, 565 1, 784, 004 $512, 944 84, 909, 300 Maintenance: Appropriated -- --------- ____-----------......... 125, 614 454, 600 411, 900 992, 114 Cost __ 125, 614 450, 004 406, 947 982, 565 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $633, 025 Approprit&edfor succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ..- 387, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ _______-___________________ 1, 020, 025 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----------------------------- 1, 001, 800 15. PHILPOTT RESERVOIR, ROANOKE RIVER BASIN, VA. Location. The site for the Philpott Dam is on Smith River, Va., 44.3 miles above its junction with the Dan River near Leaksville, N. C., and 35 miles upstream from the Virginia-North Carolina State line. It is in Franklin and Henry Counties, 34 air-miles south of Roanoke, Va. At spillway crest elevation, the reservoir will extend upstream about 16 miles. 284 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a concrete gravity dam 892 feet long with a maximum height of 220 feet. The dam consists of a nonoverflow concrete section on the right bank 280 feet long, a concrete power intake section 92 feet long, an ungated spillway section 120 feet long, and a concrete nonoverflow section on the left bank 400 feet long. The power- house, located at the toe of the dam, has a total installation of 14,000 kilowatts. At the elevation of the maximum flood control pool, the reservoir has a storage capacity of 249,800 acre-feet, of which 82,400 acre- feet is reserved for the control of floods, 111,100 acre-feet for the development of hydroelectric power, and 56,300 acre-feet is dead storage. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the control of floods in the Roanoke River Basin, the generation of hydroelectric power, the regulation of low water flow, and for other purposes. The estimate of Federal cost, revised in 1954, is $12,180,000 for construction and $1,160,000 for lands and damages, including high- way, and other relocations, a total of $13,340,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, which approved the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Roanoke River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 650, 78th Congress, 2d session. The latest published map is printed in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations, by hired labor, consisted of preparation of plans and specifications for con- tracts awarded during the year, extension of the tailrace retaining wall, repairs to observation platform and picnic shelter, and utilities to reservoir management facilities. Construction of the boathouse and the comfort station, by contract, were completed during the year. Operation and maintenance of the project for flood control, pro- duction of power, low water regulation, and recreation was continued throughout the year. Repairs to thrust-bearing runner and shoes on one of the turbines were accomplished during the fiscal year. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $200,803, of which $58,441 was for new work and $142,362 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in March 1948 and the project as a whole is complete except for some cleanup work. The entire reservoir area has been acquired with the exception of two tracts. Production of power has been initiated and the project is providing flood protection. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $13,620,- 773, of which $13,265,488 was for new work, and $355,285 for opera- tion and maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL---NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 285 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-___-_$5, 235, 000 $2, 705, 000 $300, 000 --- -- _____- - -- ________ $13, 340, 000 Cost_____------- - -__ 5,363,381 2, 111, 791 1, 279, 160 $206, 790 $58, 441 13, 265, 488 Maintenance: Appropriated------........------------ .....------------ 69, 386 144,400 142, 200 355, 986 Cost ___---- _------------------------68, 556 144, 367 142, 362 355, 285 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -$74, 313 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------------- 74, 313 16. GATHRIGHT RESERVOIR AND FALLING SPRING REREGULATING DAM, JAMES RIVER BASIN, VA. Location. The sites of the proposed Gathright and Falling Spring Dams are on the Jackson River, a tributary of the James River, at miles 43.4 and 35.1, respectively. The Gathright dam site is located in the reach of the Jackson River known as the Gorge, about 19 miles upstream from Covington, Va. The Falling Spring dam site is lo- cated about 11 miles upstream from Covington and 1 mile south of the community of Falling Spring, Va. Both dam sites are in Alleghany County. At the elevation of the top of gates, Gathright Reservoir will extend upstream about 15 miles. (See Falling Spring and Moun- tain Grove, Va.-W. Va., quadrangles of the U. S. Geological Survey.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of the Gathright Dam and the Falling Spring Reregulating Dam on the Jackson River. The Gathright Dam will be a rockfill dam with impervious earth core having a maximum height of 248 feet above streambed and a crest length of 800 feet with a gated side-channel concrete spillway. At the elevation of the top of gates, the dam will provide a total storage capacity of 417,000 acre-feet, of which 110,000 acre-feet will be flood storage; 264,000 acre-feet, power draw- down; and 43,000 acre-feet, dead storage. The powerplant will have an installed capacity of 34,000 kilowatts. The variable flow from this power installation will be reregulated by the Falling Spring Dam, which will be a low, gravity-type, concrete structure, with an earth embankment at the right abutment. The Falling Spring Dam will have a maximum height of 64 feet and a crest length of 850 feet, of which 640 feet will be concrete and 210 feet will be earthfill. The storage at spillway crest elevation will be 4,700 acre-feet, of which 4,000 acre-feet will be available for streamflow regulation. The estimate of Federal cost for the project, including both dams and reservoirs, revised in 1955, is $25,800,000 for construction and $2,600,000 for lands and damages, including highway, railroad, and utility relocation, a total of $28,400,000 for new work. The project, as set forth in House Document 207, 80th Congress, 1st session, was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24,1946. The latest published map is printed in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. 286 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous office work, by hired labor, in connection with design memorandum was accomplished during the fiscal year at a cost of $2,149 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advanced planning on the project has been suspended due to the marginal economics of the project as determined by design memorandum submitted to date. Approxi- mately 10 percent of all planning for the project has been completed. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $101,000, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work; Appropriated- .------. ___...... _-.... $130, 000 -$27, 000 -$2, 000 $101,000 Cost_. ..-....... ...-..... ......._ . :_ 45, 595 53, 256 2, 149 101, 000 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------$28, 299, 000 17. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The total cost of examinations and surveys during the fiscal year was $1,801. The unexpended balance for examinations and surveys on June 30, 1955, in the amount of $1,227, and an estimate of addi- tional funds in the amount of $21,800, a total of $23,027, can be ap- plied during fiscal year 1956 to payment of expenses to be incurred under this heading. The additional sum of $94,700 is needed to be appropriated for fiscal year 1957. 18. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The total cost of collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year was $1,043. The unexpended balance on June 30, 1955, in the amount of $1,403, and an estimate of additional funds in the amount of $1,500, a total of $2,903, can be applied during fiscal year 1956 to payment of expenses incurred under this heading. The additional sum of $1,500 is needed to be appropriated for fiscal year 1957. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT This district comprises central and eastern North Carolina em- braced in the drainage basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from the southern boundary of Virginia to Shallotte River, inclusive, with the exception of the Roanoke River Basin above Weldon, N. C.; the Meherrin River Basin above Murfreesboro, N. C.; and the Chowan River Basin above the confluence of the Nottaway and Blackwater Rivers. It includes the portions of the Atlantic Intracoastal Water- way from the northern boundary of North Carolina to Little River, S. C., and the portion of the Waterway from Norfolk, Va., to the Sounds of North Carolina, south of the north shore of Albemarle Sound. I MPROVI MENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 9. Snagging and clearing under way between Norfolk, Va., authority of Section 3 of and the St. Johns River, the River and Harbor Act Fla. (Wilmington District)__ 287 approved Mar. 2, 1945_. 305 2. Channel from Pamlico Sound 10. Navigation projects on which to Avon, N. C__ 292 reconnaissance and condi- tion surveys only were 3. Waterway connecting Pam- conducted during the fiscal lico Sound and Beaufort Harbor, N. C_ year-_-- 293 11. Other - 305 authorized navigation 4. Morehead City Harbor, projects . -. . 306 N. C------------------ 295 5. Beaufort Harbor, N. C ... 297 Flood control 6. Channel from Back Sound to 12. Other authorized flood con- Lookout Bight, N. C__ 298 trol projects_ 307 7. Cape Fear River, N. C., General investigations above WilmingtonHabr . 299 8. Wilmington Harbor, N. C__ 302 13. Examinations and surveys. 307 1. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (WILMINGTON DISTRICT) Location. This waterway is a sea level route through coastal sounds and marine marshes, approximately paralleling the Atlantic Coast between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 830 to 842, inclusive.) The section within the Wilmington district begins at the Virginia- North Carolina State line and extends generally southerly to Beaufort, thence southwestward to Cape Fear River, and thence westward to Little River, S. C., 308 statute miles. Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836; March 3, 1837; July 7, 1838; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; June 14, 1880; March 3, 1881; August 2, 1882; August 5, 1886; Sep- tember 19, 1890; March 3, 1905; June 25, 1910; and August 8, 1917. For further details, see page 1803 of Annual Report for 1915; pages 585, 587, and 589 of Annual Report for 1917; page 522 of Annual 287 363037-55-vol. 2-19 288 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Report for 1926; page 497 of Annual Report for 1932; and pages 476 and 523 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water, with bottom widths varying from 90 feet in land cuts to 300 feet in open waters; for the construction, operation, and maintenance of suitable bridges; for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 90 feet wide on the bottom in New River between the Intracoastal Waterway and the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bridge at Jacksonville, N. C., 21 miles, and a basin at Jacksonville of the same depth and varying in width; for a side channel 12 feet deep and 90 feet wide to a turning basin of the same depth, 200 feet wide and 350 feet long, opposite the principal wharves at Swansboro; for an entrance channel 6 feet deep and 90 feet wide at New River Inlet, with connecting channel of same dimensions to the Intracoastal Waterway near the mouth of New River; for 6 mooring basins at various locations along the waterway; for a channel 14 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the ocean bar at Masonboro Inlet, thence 12 feet deep and 90 feet wide to the channel of the Intracoastal Waterway at Wrights- ville by way of Banks and Motte Channels; a turning basin 15 feet deep having a maximum width of 300 feet and length of 700 feet on the east side of Banks Channel near Masonboro Inlet, with three 15- pile dolphins therein; for a channel 12 feet deep, 90 feet wide, and about 1,850 feet long, extending from the 12-foot depth in the Intra- coastal Waterway in Bogue Sound into Peltier Creek, with a basin 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 600 feet long at the inner end; for a yacht basin 230 feet wide, 450 feet long, and 12 feet deep near the town of Southport, connected with the waterway by a suitable channel of the same depth; and for salt-water-intrusion preventive measures in the vicinity of Fairfield, N. C., as follows: Construction of a pumping plant and a dam, with control gates and appurtenant works on Fair- field Canal near the Intracoastal Waterway; restoration and enlarge- ment where necessary of Boundary Canal from the vicinity of Swin- dell Canal to the vicinity of Baum Canal, together with appurtenant works necessary to cut off inflow from other areas; and construction of dams with automatic floodgates across Swindell, Florida, Burris, and Baum Canals near Mattamuskeet Lake. That portion of the waterway north of the mouth of Neuse River is nontidal; variation in the water surface, due to winds, seldom exceeds 2 feet above or below mean stage. In the section between Beaufort and Cape Fear River the tidal range varies from 31/2 feet at the inlets to 1 foot at points between. The tidal range for New River varies from 31/ feet at New River Inlet to 1 foot at the head of the marshes, and nothing at Tar Landing, 31 miles above. The mean range of tide in the section from Cape Fear River, N. C., to Little River, S. C., varies between 4.7 feet in Cape Fear River, 4 feet at intermediate inlets, and 2 feet at points midway between inlets. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $10,176,000. Those por- tions of the project, including the tidal lock in the land cut of the Intracoastal Waterway near the Cape Fear River, jetties at Mason- boro Inlet, and the 12-foot channel in New River to and including a RIVERS AND HARBORS--WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 289 basin at Jacksonville, N. C., are to be restudied and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The costs for these portions were last approved in 1954, and were estimated to be $1,750,000 for the tidal lock, $1,590,000 for jetties at Masonboro Inlet, and $267,000 for the. 12-foot project in New River. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $365,000, which includes $95,000 for operating and care of five highway bridges. (The maintenance esti- mate includes that required by all modifications of the existing project prior to 1955, including those deferred for restudy.) The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 Original route of the Norfolk-Beaufort Inlet section___ H. Doc. 391, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Do ...... Purchase of canal__...-__... ..... .... ..... ..... .... H . Doc. 589, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 Change in route; following changes approved by H. Doc. 1478, 63d Cong., 3d sess., Secretary of War, Apr. 14, 1919: and H. 1 Doc. 1136, 64th Cong., Albemarle Sound-Pamlico Sound section: 1st sess. Changed from "Alligator River-Rose Bay route" to "Alligator River-Pungo River route." Pamlico Sound-Neuse River section: Changed from "Pamlico Sound-Brant Shoal- Neuse River route" to "Goose Creek-Bay River route." July 18,1918 Alligator River-Pungo River route (proposed land Approved by Secretary of War, cut connecting the rivers): Changed from a straight May 15, 1919. line to a bent line approaching nearer the town of Fairfield, N. C. Jan. 21, 1927 A 12-foot channel 90 feet wide from Beaufort to Cape H. Doc. 450, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Fear River, N. C., including highway bridge and tidal lock.' Mar. 4, 1933 2 Construction of a suitable bridge near Fairfield, N. C_ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 5, 72d cong., 1st sess. works of improvement pro- June 26, 1934 3 Operating and care of the vided for with funds from War Department appro- priations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 26, 1937 Increasing dimensions of waterway to 12 feet deep and Rivers and Harbors Committee 90 feet wide. Doc. 6, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' Do-... _ A 12-foot side channel 90 feet wide to Swansboro _... .. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 16, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' June 20, 1938 To provide a yacht basin near Southport, 12 feet deep, H. Doc. 549, 75th Cong.. 3d sess.' 230 feet wide, and 450 feet long, with connecting channel. Do-...... A 6-foot channel 90 feet wide from New River Inlet H. Doc. 691, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' to the Inland Waterway. Mar. 2, 1945 Six mooring basins ..........................---------------------------- H. Doc. 660, 76th Cong., 3d sess.t June 30, 1948 A 12-foot channel in New River 5----------------- H. Doc. 421, 80th Cong., 1st sess.' May 17,1950 Vicinity of Fairfield, drainage........-------------------H. Doc. 723, 80th Cong., 2d sess.' Do -___-_ Masonboro Inlet and6 connecting channels, including H. Doc. 341, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' jetties at the inlet. Sept. 3,1954 A 12-foot channel and basin in Peltier Creek _..- -. H. Doc. 379, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' 1Contains latest published maps. 2 Public, No. 433, 72d Cong. 8 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 4 Tidal lock in land cut between Myrtle Sound and Cape Fear River. 6 A 12-foot by 90-foot channel in New River from Intracoastal Waterway to and including a basin at Jack. sonville, N. C. 6 Jetties on each side of Masonboro Inlet. Local cooperation. Complied with except for the following: a. Peltier Creek (H. Doc. 379, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), which re- quires that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works;. and provide, without cost to the United States, a suitable area, ac- cessible by road, for a public landing. 290 REPORTOF' THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 b. Vicinity of Fairfield (H. Doc. 723, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), which requires that local interests provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction, maintenance, and operation of the project; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works, and from all past damage in the area herein under consideration, which may have been caused by salt-water intrusion as a result of construction of the land cut of the Intracoastal Waterway; obtain and hold rights-of- way to present canals involved in the improvement, including the ex- tinguishment of all present claims of rights, title, and interest to any of the canals; construct all necessary bridges and culverts for roads, and construct, enlarge, and clean all canals and ditches necessary for the efficient operation of the project; and maintain and operate the works after completion. Local interests, including the Hyde County Board of Commissioners, have heretofore indicated that they would comply with the provisions of local cooperation when called upon to do so. In June 1954, local interests were advised that before con- struction could start they would have to fulfill the provisions of local cooperation. Further communications with those interests reveal some delays in forming a drainage district under North Carolina laws. However, an engineer has been engaged to make surveys of the area involved, for purposes of assessment. It is now expected that a responsible, legal organization can be formed and begin functioning by March 1, 1956. c. Masonboro Inlet and connecting channels (H. Doec. 341, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), which requires that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvements. Terminal facilities. There are numerous wharves and landings along the present waterway, used mostly for shipping agricultural and timber products and docking commercial and pleasure fishing boats. These wharves are of the open pile and timber type. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging by contract, operation and care of five bridges, engineering and design studies, condition and operation studies, and inspections and reports. Between July 1 and August 1, 1954, and between May 7 and June 30, 1955, the contract dredge Savannah removed 56,981 cubic yards from the New River channel; 35,266 cubic yards from the boat basin at Southport; and 199,749 cubic yards from the through waterway at a cost of $81,010. Between December 8, 1954, and January 1, 1955, the contract dredge Hampton Roads removed 27,182 cubic yards from the through water- way at a cost of $16,256. Condition and operation studies cost $7,642. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMIINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 291 The bridges at Coinjock, Fairfield, Wilkerson Creek, Hobucken, and Core Creek were operated and maintained at a cost of $118,616. Replacement and relocation of directional signs cost $102. Engineering and design studies for salt water intrusion preventive measures in the vicinity of Fairfield, N. C., cost $11,068. The total costs were $223,626 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The entire project was about 98 percent completed. That portion of the project between the Virginia- North Carolina State line and Beaufort, N. C., was commenced in August 1923 and completed in February 1930; the 12-foot channel between Beaufort and Cape Fear River was commenced in March 1927 and completed in December 1932; the 12-foot side channel to Swansboro was commenced in December 1938 and completed in Janu- ary 1939; the 10-foot channel in New River to Jacksonville was com- menced in July 1939 and completed in October 1939; the 6-foot chan- nel from New River Inlet to the Waterway was commenced in March 1940 and completed in June 1940; the 12-foot channel from Cape Fear River, N. C., to Little River, S. C., was commenced in February 1939 and completed in June 1940; and the yacht basin at Southport was dredged during September 1940. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depths were as follows: Between Virginia State line and Beaufort, 10.0 feet; Beaufort to Cape Fear River, 10.0 feet; side chan- nel to Swansboro, 12 feet; channel in New River to Jacksonville, N. C., 9.0 feet; channel to New River Inlet, 3.5 feet; and between Cape Fear River, N. C., and Little River, S. C., 10.0 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $16,659,194, including $80,282 Public Works funds, of which $9,412,868 was for new work and $7,136,476 for maintenance. In addition, the sum of $109,850 was expended between May 1, 1913, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated----.........------------------------------------............------$195, 000 $9, 795, 507 Cost .-------- ----------------------------------------------- 11,068 9,611,575 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $243, 962 $163, 500 $164,018 $249, 953 204, 223 7,372, 193 Cost-----------------.................. 230,981 174, 796 160,079 219,433 223,627 7,353, 960 1Includes $198,707 for new work and $107,634 for maintenance of previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $183, 932 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____________ Estimated additional amounit needed to be appropriated for _______________-__ 183, 932 completion of existing project------------ ---------------- 579, 000 Includes the following: Masonboro Inlet and connecting channels ...................................------------------------------- $426, 000 Mooring Basins.. --------------------------------------------------- 109, 000 Peltier Creek-......... - - - - ...... - - -...... - ...... .... . .. 44, 000 292 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 2. CHANNEL FROM PAMLICO SOUND TO AVON, N. C. Location. The village of Avon is on the narrow barrier beach be- tween Pamlico Sound and the Atlantic Ocean, 9 miles north of Cape Hatteras. West of the village, the sound is 25 miles wide. About 4 miles offshore in the sound, a shoal or bar parallels the beach from Hatteras Inlet, 15 miles southwest of Avon, to Oregon Inlet, 30 miles north of Avon. Cape Channel, a natural opening in the bar 6 miles southwest of Avon, has a controlling depth of 6 feet; from that open- ing a depth of 5 feet is available to Black Hammock Channel, a basin with depths of over 10 feet, 1,500 feet from the shore line at Avon. Shoreward of the basin the water is very shallow. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1232.) Existing project. This provides for a channel from Pamlico Sound to Avon, 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide, with a basin at the shore end, same depth, 100 feet wide and 300 feet long. Lunar tides are im- perceptible. Normal variations in the water surface due to wind action seldom exceed 1 foot, but may be as much as 5 feet during severe storms. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the completed project was $28,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 316, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 2 wharves in the basin at Avon, with a total frontage of about 150 feet. The existing facilities are con- sidered adequate for present commerce. Operation and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging by contract. Between August 3 and 7, 1954, the contract dredge Seabay Beach removed 4,799 cubic yards from a shoal in the channel at a cost of $6,303. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in September 1946 and completed in October 1946. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depth to Avon was 6 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $28,000 for new work, and $7,051 for maintenance, a total of $35,051. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------- --------------- ------------ ----------- ------------ $28,000 Cost---------- ----------------------------------- -------------- -------- 28, 000 MIaintenance: _ Appropriated------- ------------ ------------ $337 $6, 300 $414 7, 051 Cost----....-- ------------ ------------ 337 411 6, 303 7, 051 RIVERS AND HARBORS--WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 293 3. WATERWAY CONNEOTING PAMLICO SOUND AND BEAUFORT HARBOR, N. C. Location. This waterway begins at the southeast corner of Pamlico Sound, passing southwesterly through Wainwright Slough, Core Sound, and The Straits, to Beaufort Harbor, a total length of 33.9 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1233.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide from Pamlico Sound to Beaufort Harbor by way of Wainwright Slough, Core Sound, and The Straits; also for an alternative route of the same width and depth through Back Sound by way of channels at east and west ends of Harkers Island; for a channel 7 feet deep and 75 feet wide from the main channel in Core Sound to the town of Atlantic; for a side channel 5 feet deep, 75 feet wide, with basin 150 feet by 130 feet, same depth, at Davis; for a side channel 7 feet deep, 75 feet wide, with basin 200 feet by 500 feet, same depth, at Sealevel; and for a side channel 6 feet deep, 60 feet wide, with basin 100 feet by about 600 feet, same depth, at Marshall- berg. On June 14, 1948, the Chief of Engineers approved transfer of the Taylors Creek reach of this project to the project for Beaufort Harbor, N. C. (H. Doc. 111, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $176,000, exclusive of amounts expended by other agencies. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents I Aug.30, 19352 A 7-foot channel 75 feet wide from Pamlico Sound to H. Doc. 485, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Beaufort Harbor via Wainwright channel. Aug. 26, 1937 A 7-foot side channel 75 feet wide to Atlantic_ .-. _- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 92, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2,1945 Channels 7 feet deep, 75 feet wide, at east and west H. Doc. 99, 77th Cong., 1st sess. ends of Harkers Island and side channel 5 feet deep, 75 feet wide, with basin 150 feet by 130 feet, same depth, at Davis. Do-_ . .. A 7-foot side channel 75 feet wide, with basin 200 feet S. Doc. 247, 77th Cong., 2d sess. by 500 feet, same depth, at Sealevel. May 17,1950 A 6-foot side channel 60 feet wide, with basin 100 feet H. Doc. 68, 81st Cong., 1st sess. by about 600 feet, same depth, at Marshallberg. I These documents contain the latest published maps. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program Jan. 3, 1934. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance, remove all structures from the area to be dredged, release the United States from all claims for damages inci- dent to work of improvement, and provided further that local interests be required to contribute $1,000 toward the cost of dredging the side channel and basin at Sealevel. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that responsible local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil- disposal areas necessary for the construction of the project and sub- sequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction and subsequent 294 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMIY, 1955 maintenance of the project; and provide at their own expense suitable space for a public landing at Marshallberg, open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. Between Pamlico Sound and the southern end of Core Sound there are 15 small wharves, which are open to all when not required by the owners. Marshallberg has four privately owned wharves with about 700 feet of berthing space and a public dock with 200 feet of berthing space. Additional wharves are needed at several of the communities along Core Sound. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging. Between November 14 and 18, 1954, the con- tract dredge Hampton Roads removed 23,384 cubic yards from Wain- wright Shoal Channel at a cost of $22,820. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 60 percent completed. That portion of the project providing for a through channel from Pamlico Sound to Beaufort was commenced in August and completed in December 1934; the side channel to Atlantic was commenced in January and completed in February 1937; under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved October 17, 1940, a side channel and basin at Sealevel, practically coinciding with the existing project, were dredged to a depth of 6 feet during December 1943 and January 1944, and the side channel and basin at Davis, N. C., were commenced and completed in January 1948. No work has been done on the 7- by 75-foot connecting channels east and west of Harkers Island, the 7- by 75-foot side channel and the basin at Sealevel, nor the harbor and approach channel at Marshall- berg. At the end of the fiscal year the controlling depth in the com- pleted portion was 7 feet. The total costs and expenditures under the existing project for the through waterway and the side channels and basins at Sealevel and Davis to June 30, 1955, including $40,000 Public Works funds for new work and $1,000 contributed by local interests, were $228,021, of which $45,188 was for new work and $182,833 for maintenance. The total cost of the side channel to Atlantic, for new work, was $18,585, of which $13,172 was Works Progress Administration funds and $5,413 was contributed by local interests. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--- ....--...--....------------------ ---------------------------....... $45, 188 Cost.....----- --------- ------------------ ----------------------- ---- --------- 145,188 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... $520 $30, 534 $458 $452 $22, 820 181, 833 .. Cost ----------------- 520 30, 534 458 452 22, 820 2 181, 833 1 In addition, the Works Progress Administration spent $18,585 (of which $5,413 was contributed by local interests) for new work. 2 In addition, $1,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project------_ - $131, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS---WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 295 4. MOREHEAD CITY HARBOR, N. C. Location. This harbor is on the northern shore of Bogue Sound, adjacent to Beaufort Harbor and Inlet. New Bern, N. C., the nearest city of importance, is about 43 miles by inland waterways to the north and west. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 420.) Previous project. The channel across the ocean bar was formerly improved under the title of Beaufort Inlet, N. C. The project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905 (H. Doc. 563, 58th Cong., 2d Sess.). For further details, see page 470 of Annual Report for 1935. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the ocean bar at Beaufort Inlet, thence same depth and 300 feet wide to the marine terminals at Morehead City, enlarged to 600 feet to form a turning basin at that point; for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 30-foot channel to 6th Street, Morehead City, thence same depth and 200 to 400 feet wide to 10th Street, thence 6 feet deep and 75 feet wide to deep water in Bogue Sound. The average rise of the tide is about 21/2 feet at Morehead City and 31/2 feet at the inlet. Observations made in 1907 showed an extreme range of 4.8 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the completed project was $613,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The portion of the modification providing for jetties at Beaufort Inlet is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955 and was estimated to be $3,100,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $230,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the wharves H. Doc. 649, 61st Cong., 2d sess. at Morehead City, thence 200 feet wide in front of the wharves. July 3, 1930 Channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the outer H. Doc. 105, 70th Cong., 1st sess. harbor to 6th St. in Morehead City, thence 200 to (Contains the latest published 400 feet wide to 10th St., and a channel 6 feet deep map.) and 75 feet wide connecting with Bogue Sound. Aug. 26, 19371 Channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the bar Senate Committee Print, 74th at Beaufort Inlet, thence 30 feet deep and 300 feet Cong., 1st sess. wide to the marine terminals 2at Morehead City, and including jetties at the inlet. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, July 5, 1934, under the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933. 2Jetties on each side of Beautort Inlet at entrance channel to Morehead City Harbor. Recommended modifications of project. On October 26, 1954, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the Morehead City Harbor project to provide for a bar channel through Beaufort Inlet, 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide, increased to 600 feet at the bend, thence an inner channel 35 feet deep and 300 feet wide to an enlarged turn- ing basin, 35 feet deep, all at an estimated cost of $1,197,000 for con- struction, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. This 296 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 report was submitted to Congress by the Secretary of the Army on June 10, 1955. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 26 wharves along the main water- front of the town, with a total frontage of about 1,250 feet. The marine terminals provide 2,731 feet of berthing space with a depth alongside of 27 feet at mean low water, and facilities for transfer of cargoes between rail and water carriers. The existing facilities are considered adequate for existing and prospective commerce. For fur- ther details, see Port Series No. 12, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operation and results during fiscal year. The work Consisted of maintenance dredging by contract and by Government plant and hired labor and replacement of survey and dredging ranges by contract. Between August 22 and November 11, 1954, the contract dredge Hampton Roads removed 166,044 cubic yards from the inner 30-foot channel and turning basin at a cost of $62,021. Between November 6 and 26, 1954, and March 12 and April 25, 1955, the United States hopper dredge Gerig removed 719,201 cubic yards from shoals in the ocean-bar channel and the outer end of the inner 30- foot channel at a cost of $244,377. Between January 17 and February 18, 1955, survey and dredging ranges were replaced at a cost of $4,672. Condition and operation studies cost $3,844. The total costs were $314,914. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted. The part of the existing project providing for a 12-foot chan- nel to Morehead City; thence a 6-foot channel westward to Bogue Sound was commenced in February 1931 and completed in March 1931; the part providing for the 30-foot channel to the terminals was commenced in November 1935 and completed in August 1936. At the close of the fiscal year a depth of 30.0 feet was available in the ocean- bar channel; 30.0 feet in the 30-foot channel (inside) to the terminals at Morehead City; 10.9 feet from deep water in the outer harbor to the foot of Tenth Street, Morehead City, and thence 4.0 feet westward to Bogue Sound. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $2,949,440, of which $613,107, including $59,630 regular funds and $553,476 Public Works funds, was for new work and $2,336,334 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: ----------------------------------------------------------- Appropriated..---.......--- $657, 591 Cost----------------- ---- ----------- ------------------------------------ 657,591 Maintenance: Appropriated---------. $131, 700 Cost--------. --------- 131, 196 $194, 000 116, 439 $102, 350 178, 616 $291, 582 2 223, 693 3 $245, 224 314, 914 2, 620, 889 '2, 620, 891 1 Includes $44,484 for new work and $284,557 for maintenance of previous projects. 2Minus $402 penaing adjustment. s Plus $402 pending adjustment. 4 Cost in excess of appropriated due to retroactive pay increase. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 297 5. BF)AUFORT HARBOR, N. C. Location. This harbor is just inside Beaufort Inlet adjacent to Morehead City Harbor. New Bern, N. C., the nearest city of import- ance, is about 43 miles by inland waterways to the northwest. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 420.) Previous projects. The first project on Beaufort Harbor was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 4, 1836. The total cost and expenditure was $5,000 for new work. For further details, see page 1803 of Annual Report for 1915. Another project, "Waterway Connecting Core Sound and Beaufort Harbor" (known locally as Taylors Creek), now a part of the existing project for Beaufort Har- bor, was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1913. For further details, see page 520 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the stopping of erosion at the inlet by jetties and sand fences at Fort Macon and Shackleford Points and other shore protection; for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 100 feet wide in Bulkhead and Gallants Channels and 600 feet wide in front of the town of Beaufort; for the construction of a stone bulkhead from Town Marsh across Bird Shoal to the westerly end of Carrot Island; and for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 100 feet wide in Taylors Creek to extend about 2.6 miles easterly from about opposite Marsh Street in Beaufort to Lenoxville Point at North River. On June 14, 1948, the Chief of Engineers approved transfer of the Taylors Creek reach of the project Waterway connecting Pam- lico Sound and Beaufort Harbor, N. C., to this project (H. Doe. 111, 81st Cong., 1st Sess.). The distance from the inlet to the upper end of Gallants Channel is about 5 miles. The average rise of tide is 21/2 feet at Beaufort and 31/2 feet at the inlet. The extreme range of tides is 5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and contributed by local interests, is $452,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1881 A 9-foot channel 200 feet wide through Bulkhead Annual Report, 1881, p. 1013. Channel to Beaufort; a 6-foot channel 100 feet wide to North River and Core Sound; and the construc- tion of Jetties on Shackleford Point. Mar. 2, 1907 Repairs to Fort Macon jetties and additional jetties Specified in act. and shore protection. Mar. 3,1925 Bulkhead across Bird Shoal............--------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 8, 68th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 Increase in depth to 12 feet in Bulkhead Channel, H. Doc. 776, 69th Cong., 2d sess.l Gallants Channel, and in front of Beaufort. 1 Mar. 2,1945 Increase in width and length of basin in front of H. Doc. 334, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Beaufort, all to depth of 12 feet. May 17,1950 Increase in depth to 12 feet and in width to 100 feet H. Doc. 111, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' in Taylors Creek; transfer to Beaufort Harbor project. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, in authorizing the increase in width and length of the basin in front 298 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of Beaufort, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, as and when required, all lands, easements, and rights- of-way and spoil-disposal areas required for initial work and for sub- sequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, in authorizing increased depth and width in Taylors Creek, imposed similar conditions of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. There are 50 wharves contiguous to this har- bor. They have a total frontage of about 2,000 feet. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging by contract and condition and operation studies. Between October 29 and November 4, 1954, the contract dredge Hampton Roads removed 29,601 cubic yards from a shoal in Gallants Channel at a cost of $10,832. Condition and operation studies cost $496. The total costs were $11,328 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 86 percent completed. The deepening of Bulkhead and Gallants chan- nels and the basin in front of Beaufort was commenced in March and completed in July 1931. No work has been done on increasing the width and length of the basin in front of Beaufort nor dredging the 12-foot channel in Taylors Creek. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depth in the completed portions was 11.0 feet. The stone jetties and training wall were in fair condition. The costs and expenditures under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $297,322 for new work and $439,524 for maintenance, a total of $736,846. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated--........-- --------- ---------- ---------------------- ------------ $322, 322 Cost....-------- ------------ ---------- -------------------- 322,322 Maintenance: Appropriated ........-------- $16, 372 $3, 908 $168 $1, 000 $10, 476 452, 378 Cost.........---------------........ 16,703 3,388 688 148 11,328 452,378 1Includes $25,000 for new work and $12,854 for maintenance of previous projects. 2In addition, $10,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_ _-- -- ------------- $155, 000 6. CHANNEL FROM BACK SOUND TO LOOKOUT BIGHT, N. C. Location. This channel extends from a point near the eastern end of Harkers Island, about 8 miles east of Beaufort, through the shallow waters of Back Sound and Lighthouse Bay, to and through Shackle- ford Banks, and into the Atlantic Ocean at Lookout Bight, and is about 4 miles long. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 420.) Existing project. The project provides for a channel 100 feet wide RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 299 and 7 feet deep at mean low water from deep water in Back Sound, through Shackleford Banks to deep water in Lookout Bight. The mean range of tide is 3.8 feet in Lookout Bight and 1.3 feet in Back Sound, and the extreme range is 8.2 feet in Lookout Bight and 3.8 feet in Back Sound. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $130,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Aug. 26, 1937 A 5-foot channel, 50 feet wide, from Back Sound to H. Doc. 251, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Lookout Bight. Mar. 2,1945 Present project dimensions-..---- --- -.. ----..---- H. Doc. 746, 77thCong., 2d sess.l 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Not required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition and opera- tion studies and preparation of plans and specifications for mainte- nance dredging to begin in next fiscal year cost $714. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 39 percent completed. The channel, 5 feet deep, 50 feet wide, was com- menced in August 1938 and completed in October 1938. No work has been done on increasing the depth to 7 feet and the width to 100 feet. The controlling depth at the close of the fiscal year was 5 feet. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $24,676 for new work and $176,840 for maintenance, a total of $201,516. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------- ---- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $24, 676 Cost_---- ------ -------------------------------------------- -------- 24, 676 Maintenance: Appropriated .....--- .. $3, 497 $10, 000 -$1, 659 $300 $13, 614 190, 040 Cost------------------ 4, 306 7, 729 612 ------------ 714 176, 840 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------..... $105, 000 7. CAPE FEAR RIVER, N. C., ABOVE WILMINGTON Location. This river is formed by the confluence of the Deep and Haw Rivers at Moncure, Chatham County, N. C. Flowing south- easterly, it empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Cape Fear, near the southern extremity of the state. (See U. S. Coast and: Geodetic Survey Chart No. 426.) Previous projects. Adopted by acts of March 3, 1881, and June 300 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1805 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 535 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a dredged channel from Wil- mington to Navassa (4 miles), 25 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide with a cutoff across Horseshoe Bend and a turning basin 550 feet long and 400 feet in average width at its head; and for a navi- gable depth of 8 feet at low water from Navassa to the head of navi- gation at Fayetteville, 115 miles above Wilmington, by constructing three locks and dams and by dredging river shoals between Navassa and Fayetteville. Data regarding locks and dams are as follows: Distance Distance Maximum Lock and dam Location from Wil- above available Lift mington mouth dimensions Miles Miles Feet Feet No. 1 .----...---........... Kings Bluff ______ 39 69 200 by 40 11 No. 2 ........-------------------- Browns Landing ..-- 71 101 200 by 40 9 No. 3............ Tolars Landing ...--------------------- 95 125 300 by 40 9 Available depth on Character Kind of Year of Lock and dam miter sills of founda- dam Type of construction comple- Actual cost at low tion tion water Feet No. 1------------- 9 Sand ..... Fixed- .- Concrete lock timber crib 1916 1$565, 856 dam, rock-filled. No. 2------------............. 12 do- _..__.. _do____ Concrete lock, dam rock- 1917 s 909, 633 filled. No. 3-------------............. -- 9 do .... do . Concrete lock, concrete 1935 660, 930 dam. 1 Includes $96,184 for increasing lift. s Includes $356,443 for reconstruction and repairs. The tide ranges from 3.4 feet at Wilmington to 1 foot at Lock No. 1, Kings Bluff, N. C., 39 miles above. The extreme range of lunar tides is 6.4 feet at Wilmington and 1.5 feet at Kings Bluff. The maximum variation due to floods ranges from 70 feet at Fayetteville to 5 feet at Wilmington. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the completed project was $2,339,800. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $105,000, including $45,000 for operation and care of locks and dams. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 The 8-foot channel and construction of 2 locks and H. Doc. 890, 60th Cong., 1st sess. dams. June 26,19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30,1935 1 Construction of Lock and Dam No. 3 and repairs H. Doc. 786, 71st Cong., 3d sess.' and alterations to Locks and Dams Nos. 1 and 2. Aug. 26,1937 Present project dimensions from Wilmington to Rivers and Harbors Committee Navassa with cutoff across Horseshoe Bend, and Doc. 17, 75th Cong., 1st sess.3 a turning basin. I Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. S Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 27, 1933. Contains latest published map. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 301 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are six wharves between Wilmington and Fayetteville, including the public terminal at that point. They have a total frontage of about 700 feet. The terminals appear to be adequate for existing commerce. • Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of clearing and snagging with Government plant and hired labor, condi- tion and operation studies, inspections and reports, construction of guard and guide walls at Locks and Dams 1, 2, and 3, and operation and maintenance of these locks and dams. Between March 14 and 30, 1955, and April 16 and June 30, 1955, the U. S. Derrickboat Northeast with hired labor removed obstructions from the channel and banks in the 8-foot channel to Fayetteville at a cost of $10,260. Condition and operation studies cost $5,720. Between July 1 and August 16, 1954, guard and guide walls at Lock and Dam 1 and 2 were completed by contract at a cost of $26,540. Between October 25 and November 15, 1954, Lock and Dam No. 1 was unwatered and repairs made to the lock chamber and gates at a cost of $36,921. Between March 30 and April 15, 1955, the U. S. Derrickboat North- east and hired labor made emergency fill and placed riprap stone around guard and guide wall cells at Lock and Dam No. 2 at a cost of $4,260. Preparation of plans and specifications for permanent protection around guard and guide wall cells to prevent scouring cost $618. Between January 6 and June 30, 1955, guard and guide walls at Lock and Dam 3 were 47 percent completed by contract at a cost of $128,256. Between April 22 and June 30, 1955, repairs and betterments to lock tenders residences at Locks and Dams 1 and 2 were 55 percent com- pleted by contract at a cost of $10,253. The 3 locks and dams were operated and maintained at a cost of $40,848. The total costs were $263,676 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is completed. The construction of Locks and Dams 1 and 2, and dredging of river shoals, were commenced in August 1912 and completed in July 1917. The construction of lock and dam 3 and repairs and alterations to Locks and Dams 1 and 2 were commenced in January 1934 and com- pleted in July 1935. The dredging of the 25-foot channel to Navassa was commenced in November 1938 and completed in January 1939. The controlling depths are 22 feet from Wilmington to Navassa, 4 miles; thence 18 feet to 9 miles above Wilmington; thence 7.0 feet to Fayetteville, 115 miles above Wilmington. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $4,626,149 of which $2,339,798 (including $1,104,391 Public Works funds) was for new work, $1,447,827 for maintenance, and $838,524 for operating and care. 302 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated- . .........----.....-............-------...... -------- $2, 488,917 CAppropriatei ...-.. .2, 488, 917 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... $68, 098 $95, 000 $235, 051 $222, 000 $323, 500 2, 384, 723 Cost----------------- 85,351 50, 495 89, 626 391, 217 263, 676 2,294,529 I Includes $149,119 for new work and $8,178 for maintenance of previous projects. 8. WILMINGTON HARBOR, N. C. Location. Wilmington Harbor, N. C., consists of a dredged ship channel from the ocean across the entrance bar and up the Cape Fear River to the mouth of Northeast (Cape Fear) River, thence 2.75 miles up the latter to a turning basin at the upstream end. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 426.) Previousprojects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829; July 22, 1854; July 11, 1870; March 3, 1873; June 23, 1874; September 19, 1890; June 13, 1902; and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1804 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 533 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the 35-foot contour in the Atlantic Ocean through the ocean-bar channel, thence 34 feet deep and 400 feet wide to the upper end of the anchorage basin (foot of Castle St.) at Wilmington, thence 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Hilton Bridge over Northeast (Cape Fear) River, with increased widths at bends; for an anchorage basin at Wilmington 34 feet deep, 2,000 feet long, 900 feet wide at the upper end, 1,100 feet wide at the lower end, with approaches 1,500 feet long at the upper end and 4,500 feet long at the lower end with some widening of the transition channel at the downstream end; for a turning basin opposite the principal terminals at Wilmington, 30 feet deep, 1,000 feet long, 800 feet wide, with suitable approaches at each end; for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the Cape Fear River, from a point near the eastern entrance of the Intracoastal Waterway to a connection with the main river channel at a point about 3 miles above; and for a channel 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, from Hilton Bridge over Northeast (Cape Fear) River to a turning basin of the same depth, 600 feet wide, 11/4 miles above. The plane of reference is mean low water. The length of the deep-raft section under im- provement is about 311/4 miles, the upper limit being 11/4 miles above Hilton Bridge over Northeast (Cape Fear) River. The average rise of tide is 4.7 feet at the ocean bar, 3.6 feet at Keg Island, and 3.4 feet at Wilmington. The extreme range of tides is about 8.5 feet at the ocean bar, 7.3 feet at Orton Cove, and 6.4 feet at Wilmington. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $6,204,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The modifica- tion of the project providing for deepening to 32 feet and widening RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 303. to 400 feet above Castle Street, except for some widening of the chan- nel and basin at Wilmington, is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of completing this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $506,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $450,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 2 Hilton Bridge at Wilmington, and A 30-foot project to Rivers and Harbors Committee- a turning basin. Doc. 39, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Increase channel widths from 300 to 400 feet, turning H. Doc. 131, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' basin from 600 to 800 feet, and a channel 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, from Inland Waterway to river channels.) 1 Do- ..... Increase length of southerly approach to anchorage S. Doc. 83, 76th Cong., 1st sess. basin from 1,500 to 4,500 feet, and increase depth of channel from outer end of ocean bar to Wilming-2 ton, including turning basin, from 30 to 32 feet. Do-....... Channel 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, from Hilton S. Doc. 170, 76th Cong., 3d sess.l Bridge, Northeast (Cape Fear) River, to a turning basin, same depth, 14 miles above. 1 May 17,1950 Increase depth to 35 feet over ocean bar, thence 34 H. Doc. 87, 81st Cong., 1st sess. feet to upper end of anchorage basin, including anchorage basin, and with some widening of the transition channel at the anchorage basin. 1 Contains the latest published maps. 2 Act of July 3, 1930, provided for a 30-foot by 300-foot channel above Castle Street at Wilmington with, a basin to same depth, 1,000 feet by 600 feet, and with suitable approaches; subsequent acts of March 2, 1945, increased channel depth to 32 feet, width to 400 feet, and basin width to 800 feet; some widening of channel and basin to 30-foot depth was accomplished under the authorization in H. Doc. 131, 76th Cong.,, 1st sess. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provided that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project. Local interests appear willing and able to fulfill the local cooperation requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 49 wharves of all classes at Wil- mington, with a combined berthing space of 15,698 linear feet, and depths of water alongside from 10 to 30 feet at mean low water. Be- low Wilmington there are 27 wharves, which are considered adequate for present needs. For further details, see Port Series No. 12, revised, 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging by contract and by Government plant and hired labor and repair of hurricane damage to Government wharves. Between July 1 and August 20, 1954, the contract dredges North- wood and Pullen removed 419,217 cubic yards from the Anchorage Basin and river channels at a cost of $105,308. Between December 13 and 22, 1954, the contract dredge Hampton, Roads removed 74,563 cubic yards from shoals in front of the North Carolina State Ports Authority Terminal at a cost of $27,229. 363037-55-vol. 2- 20 304 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Between April 21 and June 30, 1955, the contract dredges Savannah and Talcott removed 331,000 cubic yards from anchorage basin and turning basin at a cost of $77,913. Between June 1 and 16, 1955, the United States hopper dredge Gerig removed 1,007,456 cubic yards from Baldhead Shoal (ocean- bar) Channel at a cost of $78,999. Repairs and removal of debris from Government wharves damaged by hurricane on October 15, 1954, cost $3,844. Cost of condition and operation studies was $11,435. The total costs were $304,728 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 85 percent completed. Deepening and widening the river channel to 32 feet by 400 feet, enlarging and deepening the anchorage basin and southern approach thereto, and deepening the ocean bar channel to 32 feet, were commenced in April 1947, and completed to the foot of Castle Street at Wilmington in May 1949. Dredging the 25- by 200- foot channel and basin in Northeast (Cape Fear) River above Hilton Bridge was commenced in October 1948 and completed in November 1948. Dredging the 12- by 100-foot channel from the Intracoastal Waterway to the ship channel in the river was commenced in Novem- ber 1948, and completed in December 1948. No work has been done on deepening the ocean-bar channel to 35 feet nor the river channel and anchorage basin to 34 feet. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depths were 32.0 feet in the ocean-bar channel, 30.0 feet in the river channel up to Castle Street in Wilmington, 30.0 feet to and in the turning basin, 25.0 feet to and in the turning basin in Northeast (Cape Fear) River, and 9.2 feet in the connecting channel with the Intracoastal Waterway. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $4,103,712 for new work and $7,665,842 for maintenance, a total of $11,769,554. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ....... ... 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated __.----- ____..--------- ------------------.---.------------.--.---------- $8, 729, 326 Cost -----.------------ .---------- ----------------------------------------------- 8,729,326 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- ... $246, 000 $304, 000 $519, 824 $296, 820 $230, 679 8, 304, 623 Cost----------------- 270, 484 303, 415 504,141 221, 981 304, 728 8, 268, 456 1 Includes $4,625,614 for new work and $602,614 for maintenance of previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -- $2, 100, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-WIL1IINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 305 9. SNAGGING AND CLEARING UNDER AUTHORITY OF SECTION 3 OF THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED MARCH 2, 1945 The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the allotment of not to exceed $300,000 from river and harbor appropria- tions for any one fiscal year for the removal of accumulated snags and other obstructions and for protecting, clearing, and straightening channels in navigable harbors, streams, and tributaries thereof when :such work is advisable in the interest of navigation. Maintenance work under the above authority was performed in Wallace Channel in 1949 at a total cost of $35,000. (See Annual Re- port for 1949 for full report of work accomplished in that year.) Costs for the 1955 fiscal year are given below. Operationsand results during fiscal year. During the current fiscal year an allotment of $43,000 was received to do maintenance dredging in Wallace Channel, Pamlico Sound, N. C. Between May 19 and June 18, 1955, the contract dredge Clarendon on maintenance dredg- ing removed 133,360 cubic yards from the channel, at a cost of $42,368, including all Government costs. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete; no work under this authority is anticipated for the 1956 fiscal year. Total costs for the Wallace Channel project have been $77,368, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ............... Cost.__------------ =--........... .-- -- ................ Maintenance: _ Appropriated--.._ ------------ ------------ -$369 ------------ $43, 000 $163, 631 Cost------------------ $269 ------------ 944 ------------ 42, 368 162, 999 10. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCOE AND CONDI- TION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost dur- Date reconnais- Name of project ing fiscal satie or cosurvendi- year conducted Far Creek, N. C --------------------------------- ........----------------- $120 July 1954. Manteo (Shallowbag) Bay, N. C ------------------------------------- 1, 071 January 1955. Roanoke River, N. C ........................---------------------------------------------- 315 March 1955. Rollinson Channel, N. C ................. -------------------------------------------- . 643 May 1955. Silver Lake Harbor, N. C......------------------------------------------- 517 May 1955. Stumpy Point Bay, N. C------------------------------------------- 179 July 1954. Total cost during fiscal year......................................-----------------------------------... 2,845-------------- 306 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 11. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount feort" tOperation required to Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Bay River, N. C___. ......-...........-... 1950 $44, 382 $49, 627 (3) 2. Belhaven Harbor, N. C--__.................... 1953 126, 687 2, 448 (3) 3. Black River, N. C.4------------- -__- -_1941 12, 358 36, 072 (3) 4. Cashie River, N. C____ ___.. ___ ____ __. 1950 40, 403 15, 495 (3) 5. Channel connecting Thoroughfare Bay with Cedar Bay, N. C_ ..------ _------------ 1950 9, 000 15, 549 $30, 000 6. Channel from Pamlico Sound to Rodanthe, _---------- N. C---__ an---.--.-. --------------------- 1950 --.-- ....---.-- - 45, 000 7. Chowan River, N. C -------------- 1950 ------------------- __ 30, 000 8. Contentnea Creek, N. C.1 4 __________________.................. 1941 8 64, 395 6 32, 247 (3) 9. Drum Inlet, N. C_____--------------- 1953 52, 828 153, 813 (3) 10. Edenton Harbor, N. C --...................... 1950 73, 750 2, 971 (3) 11. Far Creek, N. C _....._________ _ __ --. _- 1953 34, 500 102, 993 179, 000 12. Fishing Creek, N. C.4, a 1922 22, 715 8, 633 (3) 13. Harbor of Refuge, Cape Lookout, N. C.1 4 1934 1, 368, 799 32, 854 89, 631, 000 14. Lockwoods Folly River, N. C___- ---- -_ 1950 17, 818 13, 094 8 148, 000 15. Mackay Creek, N. C.1------------------- 2 1938 13, 375 4, 773 (5) 16. Manteo (Shallowbag) Bay, N. C ______ 1954 63, 384 168, 474 1, 110, 000: 17. Masonboro Inlet, N. C.7- .------------.------- 1948 ........ 85, 631 (3) 18. Meherrin River, N. C- -------------.-.----- 1950 47, 734 49, 591 (3) 19. Neuse River, N. C--- 1 4 1950 403, 066 288, 960 * 40, 000 20. Newbegun Creek, 1N.C. - ---- -----.... . 2 1928 4, 802 247 (3) 21. Northeast (Cape Fear) River, N. C ........ 1950 10, 688 61, 139 (3) 22. Pamlico and Tar Rivers, N. C __ __ 1952 674, 651 532, 636 (3) 23. Pembroke Creek, N. C._____________________ 1 1950 ____--- __--- _ -------------- 8 15, 000 24. Perquimans River, N. C. - __-----------------2 1910 13, 750 -------------- (3) 25. Roanoke River, N. C---------------------- 1954 404, 584 244, 479 10o234, 000 26. Rollinson Channel, N. C____ -------- ____- 1953 20, 125 123, 868 230, 000 27. Scuppernong River, N. C______-- -__-_____1950 81, 164 76, 847 (3) 28. Silver Lake Harbor, N. C___________.. .. __ 1952 67, 241 48, 733 (3) 29. Shallotte River, N. C_ _______ ._ 1950 18, 181 6, 468 (3) 30. Smiths Creek (Pamlico County), N. C....... 1950 14, 472 23, 780 102, 000- 31. Smiths Creek (Wilmington), N. C ------------1950 8, 507 18 () 32. - --- South River, N. C ________________-- 1936 12, 452 21, 624 (3) 33. Stumpy Point Bay, N. C__________________ 1950 40, 583 301 (3) 34. Swift Creek, N. C.1 4_________________________ 1940 1, 600 5, 422 (3) 35. Trent River, N. C__ ______________________ 1946 115, 199 69, 787 12 20, 000, 36. Wallace Channel, Pamlico Sound, N. C ______........__ __- _ .- ---.-....... 108, 000 37. Waterway connecting Swan Quarter Bay with Deep Bay, N. C__ ____________ ___ 1950 8, 551 10, 433 50, 000 38. Waterway-Norfolk, Va., to Sounds of N. C. (Wilmington district) 1 .-........... 2 1946 (2) (2) (3) 1 Channels adequate for commerce. 2 Report of Norfolk, Va., district. 3 Completed. 4 No commerce reported in 1950-53. b Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 6 Abandonment of portion above Snow Hill recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.); impracticable to separate incurred costs for this portion of project. 7 Snagging and clearing under section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved Mar. 2, 1945. 8 Entire project has been classified as inactive; date of last cost estimate, 1955. o Completed to practicable limit. Widening of basin at New Bern considered inactive modification with, estimated cost of $40,000 (1955). to Further improvement of river above Palmyra Landing classified as deferred for restudy; date of last cost estimate, 1955; impracticable to separate incurred costs for this portion of project. 11Entire project has been deferred for restudy; date of last cost estimate, 1955. 12In addition, local interests are required to contribute up to $5,500 for dredging. FLOOD CONTROL--WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 307 12. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amountto required Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Contentnea Creek, N. C.1----------.-..-- .... 1940-1942 4$42, 300 (1) (3) (3) 2. Goldsboro, Neuse River, N. C--------------- 1950 50, 430 7 $752 3. New River, N. C.' - .1...........-------- 1950 33, 896 (1) (3) 4. Pasquotank River, N. C--------------------...................... 1952 8$120, 000 5. Tar River, N. C- ____.----------_---------- -1939 81, 266 - ..--.. -. (3) 6. Tar River and tributaries, N. C.1_.------------ 1942 and a 41, 284 (1) (3) 1947 7. Trent River, N. C.1 ---------.-------- 1953 6 49, 769 (1) (3) 8. White Oak Levees, Cape Fear River (Bladen County), N. C.2'----- 1947 (2) 36, 460 (2) 1 Work accomplished under authority of section 2 of Flood Control Act of Aug. 28, 1937, and as amended; project completed, no authority exists for maintenance. 2Work accomplished as maintenance of local flood-protection project under authority of section 5 of Flood Control Act of Aug. 18, 1941. 8 Completed. 4 In addition, $11,070 of Works Progress Administration funds were expended. 8 In addition, $6,610 of Works Progress Administration funds were expended. 6 In addition, $15,000 of contributed funds were expended. 7 Expended for condition and operation studies during fiscal years 1954 and 1955. a In addition, $10,000 of contributed funds are to be expended for construction. 13. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS An allotment of $175 was made for navigation studies during the fiscal year, and a total of $556 was expended on these studies. The unexpended balance of $146 on June 30, 1955, will be applied to con- tinue work on these reports during the early part of the 1956 fiscal year. An unexpended balance of $5 on June 30, 1954, was applied to work on a flood control study completed during the fiscal year. An allotment of $3,000 was received during the fiscal year to com- plete a Beach Erosion Cooperative Study. The unexpended balance of $1,130 and an equal amount of contributed funds on June 30, 1954, were expended on this study during the fiscal year. The unexpended balance of $1,185 on June 30, 1955, will be applied to complete this study during the fiscal year. Total costs for examinations and surveys during the fiscal year were $3,506, not including $1,130 of contributed funds; the balance unexpended June 30, 1955, $1,331, will be expended during the fiscal year; no allotment is anticipated for fiscal year 1956. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT This district comprises all of South Carolina (except the local watersheds draining into the Savannah River), western-central North Carolina, and a very small portion of southwestern Virginia. It embraces the drainage basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean between Little River and Port Royal Sound, except the watersheds of Mackay and Skull Creeks, and excluding Hilton Head Island. It includes the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway in the same reach. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 8. Flood control work under way between Norfolk, Va., special authorization_-- 320 and the St. Johns River, 9. Other authorized flood con- Fla. (Charleston district)_ 309 trol projects__ ___ 321 2. Georgetown Harbor, S. C___ 311 3. Charleston Harbor, S. C _ 313 4. Ashley River, S. C _ _ 316 General investigations 5. Shipyard River, S. C-_ 317 6. Port Royal Harbor, S. C_... 319 10. Examinations and surveys__ 321 7. Other authorized navigation 11. Collection and study of basic projects ____ __________ 320 data _______________-- 321 1. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHN'S RIVER, FLA. (CHARLESTON DISTRICT) Location. This section of the waterway begins at Little River near the North and South Carolina State line, and extends generally southerly along the coast of South Carolina to Winyah Bay, 62 miles; thence 63.5 miles to Charleston; thence 84.5 miles to and including Port Royal Sound; a total distance of 210 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 835, 836, 837, and 838.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 613, Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water and not less than 90 feet wide from Little River to and including Port Royal Sound, with a branch channel of the same dimensions to McClellanville, a total of 210 miles; and for the con- struction of three bridges crossing the waterway in Horry County, S. C. The mean range of tide at Little River is 5 feet; Winyah Bay, at Georgetown, 3.3 feet; at Charleston, 5.1 feet; and at Port Royal Sound, 7.2 feet. The cost for new work in completing the existing project, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, was $7,346,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $207,600. An anchorage basin near Myrtle Beach, S. C., is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost 309 310 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $17,100. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports SSept. 19,1890 Channel from Minim Creek to Winyah Bay-----........Annual Report, 1889, p. 1184. June 13,1902 Channel from Charleston to a point opposite Mc- H. Doc. 84, 56th Cong., 1st sess., Clellanville. and Annual Report, 1900, p. 1908. Mar. 2,1907 Branch channel to McClellanville___----------------Annual Report, 1903, p. 1133. Mar. 2,1919 Extending the channel to Minim Creek, thence H. Doc. 178, 63d Cong., 1st sess. through the Estherville-Minim Creek Canal to Winyah Bay. Mar. 3,1925 Cut across the Santee Delta at Four Mile Creek ....H. Doc. 237, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Do_ ......Widening and deepening the waterway from Charles- S. Doc. 178, 68th Cong., 2d sess. ton to Beaufort. July 3,1930 A waterway 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide from Cape H. Doc. 41, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Fear River to Winyah Bay. Aug.30,19351 Construction of bridges across the waterway in Rivers and Harbors Committee Horry County, S. C. Doc. 14, 72d Cong., 1st sess. -Aug. 30,19352 Cutoff between Ashepoo and Coosaw Rivers ....--.H. Doc. 129, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Do .____ Enlarging the channel from Winyah Bay to Charles- Rivers and Harbors Committee ton, including the branch channel to McClellan- Doc. 11, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ville, to depth of 10 feet and bottom width of 90 feet. Aug. 26,1937 Increasing dimensions of waterway to 12 feet deep Rivers and Harbors Committee and 90 feet wide. Doc. 6, 75th Cong., 1st sess.3 -Mar. 2,1945 Anchorage basin 125 feet wide, 335 feet long, 12 feet H. Doc. 327, 76th Cong, 1st seass. deep, near Myrtle Beach, S. C.4 1Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Included in Emergency Relief Administration program May 28, 1935. aContain latest published maps. SInactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for conditions in House Document 327, 76th Congress, 1st session, which require that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, as and when required, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance; and give assurances, satisfactory to the Secretary of War, that they will pro- vide and maintain suitable mooring piles, walkways, and road con- lections open to the public without cost, and will provide and operate servicing facilities for recreational craft, open to all on equal and reasonable terms, all as may be required by the Secretary of War. Terminal facilities. There are rail-water terminals at George- town, Charleston, Yonges Island, and Port Royal, and numerous open-pile wharves mostly for shipping agricultural products, fish, oysters, and pulpwood. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of surveys and supervision was $9,058. The total cost for the year was $9,058. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed. That portion of the existing project providing for a channel 12 feet deep and 90 feet wide was completed in 1940. The bridges in Horry County were completed in 1936. Surveys during June 1955 showed a controlling centerline depth of 10 feet at mean low water between mile 342 at Little River, S. C. and mile 377 at Bucksport, S. C., in the Little River to Winyah Bay section; thence 10 feet at mean low water between mile 411 at the Winyah Bay end of the Estherville-Minim Creek Canal and mile 464 at Charleston Harbor, in the Winyah Bay to Charleston section; thence 10 feet at local mean low water between RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 311 miles 470 and 552; except for a shoal at the Coosaw River end of the Ashepoo-Coosaw River cutoff which has a controlling depth of 8.5 feet, in the Charleston to Port Royal Sound section. Surveys during June 1955 showed a controlling depth of 6.5 feet in the branch channel to McClellanville, S. C. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year for new work have been $4,011,951 from regular funds, $3,259,294 from Public Works funds, and $74,643 from emergency relief funds, a total of $7,345,888. The costs to the end of fiscal year for maintenance have been $4,872,529 from regular funds, $13,308 from Public Works funds and $54,916 from emergency relief funds, a total of $4,940,753. The total cost for all work has been $12,286,641. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 . New work: Appropriated---------......... --- ----------------------------------------------- $7,455,378 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 7,455,378 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $50, 543 $185, 195 $4, 473 $165, 161 -$269 5, 010, 175, Cost.------------------ 53,455 178,142 11,771 155,723 29,169 5, 010,.175 1 Includes $109,490 for new work and $69,422 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Does not agree with text of report by $1.11 amount of prepayments June 30, 1954, deducted from cost and financial summary for fiscal year 1954 but left in text of that report. 2. GEORGETOWN HARBOR, S. C. Location. On the coast of South Carolina, 50 miles northeast of Charleston Harbor and 90 miles southwest of the entrance to Cape Fear River, N. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 787.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882; August 5, 1886; and June 25, 1910. For further details see page 1806 of Annual Report for 1915, page 549 of Annual Report for 1938, and page 442 of Annual Report for 1944. Existing project. This provides for a channel 27 feet deep from that depth in the Atlantic Ocean to and including a turning basin in Sampit River, 600 feet wide across the outer bar and in the gorge and 400 feet wide thence to a turning basin at the head of the project via a cutoff across the peninsula in Sampit River, a total distance of 17.9 miles, with a side channel 2,400 feet long and not less than 250 feet wide leading to a turning basin at the upper end of the built-up portion of the city waterfront, widened at the bends, to be secured and main- tained by two jetties of stone on brush mattresses, springing respec- tively from North and South Islands, the north jetty having a length of 11,139 and the south jetty 21,051 feet. The project also provides for the continued maintenance to a depth of 18 feet for a width of 400 feet of the bypassed portion of Sampit River opposite the city of Georgetown. The cost to the Federal Government for new work in completing the existing project was $4,615,903. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $326,000. 312 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The mean range of tide at Georgetown is 3.3 feet; spring tides have a mean range of 3.9 feet. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5,1886 Jetties and earthen dike to protect south jetty--------.......... H. Ex. Doc. 258, 48th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1885, pp. 1154-1170, and H. Ex. Doc. 117, 50th Cong., 2d sess., and An- nual Report, 1889, pp. 1110-1115. June 25, 1910 Previous project channel dimensions and training H. Doc. 398, 58th Cong., 2d sess., wall. and Annual Report, 1904, pp. 1591-1609. Mar. 2,1945 27-foot channel from ocean, including a turning H. Doc. 211, 76th Cong., 1st sess. basin in Sampit River. (contains latest published map). June 30, 1948 Cutoff and side channel in Sampit River ------------ S. Doc. 21, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at the port of George- town served by this improvement consist of four wharves of ordinary timber construction, one of creosoted timber construction, suitable for oceangoing vessels, and a number of smaller wharves and landing places. These are considered adequate for the present commerce of the port. Operations and results during the fiscal year. The pipeline dregdes Ventnor and Clinton, by contract, during January, February, March, and April 1955, performed maintenance dredging to a depth of 26 feet for 300-foot width in a 1.45 mile reach in Upper Winyah Bay channel and in Sampit River from its mouth by the cutoff to the head of the project, including a turning basin and widening a bend. The Ventnor removed 757,087 cubic yards of material at a cost of $146,463 and the Clinton removed 413,040 cubic yards of material at a cost of $78,864. The U. S. hopper dredge Hyde and hired labor, during February and March 1955, performed maintenance dredging in the entrance channel to restore project dimensions in a reach approximately 0.2 mile to 1.0 mile seaward of the outer end of the south jetty, removing 118,157 cubic yards of material at a cost of $37,963. The cost of surveys and supervision was $5,751. The total cost during the year was $269,041. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in July 1951. The jetties were completed in 1903-04. The crest elevations range from 8 to -4 feet and are as much as 12 feet below their original height. Dikes of various forms have been built to protect the South Island beach and the shore end of the south jetty. Surveys in June 1955 showed a controlling depth of 26.0 feet at mean low water for 400-foot width from the ocean to the Gorge Chan- nel, thence 25.0 feet for 300-foot width through the Gorge and lower eastern channel, thence a controlling depth of 23.5 feet for 300-foot width to the head of the project via Sampit River cutoff. The side channel and turning basin have a controlling depth of 11.0 feet. Centerline surveys made in June 1955 showed a controlling depth of 8.5 feet in the bypassed portion of Sampit River. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 313 The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year have been $4,615,903 for new work and $3,566,160 for maintenance, a total of $8,182,063. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated___--------- $480, 000 .......................------..........----------------------------------............ $7, 061, 755 Cost-----------------_ 361,337 $15,013 ....---------------------------------- 7,061,755 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... 366, 443 781, 898 $192, 077 $207, 649 $265, 208 3, 680, 716 Cost---------------.-- 370, 467 606, 475 370, 254 205, 299 2269, 055 3, 680, 716 1Includes $2,445,852 for new work and $114,556 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Does not agree with text of report by $14 amount of prepayments June 30, 1954, deducted from cost and financial summary for fiscal year 1954 but left in text of that report. 3. CHARLESTON HARBOR, S. C. Location. On the coast of South Carolina, about 15 miles southerly of the midpoint of the coastline, 50 miles southwest of Winyah Bay, S. C., and 80 miles northeast of the mouth of the Savannah River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1239 and 470.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 30, 1852; June 18, 1878; August 11, 1888; March 3, 1899; June 25, 1910; August 8, 1917; and July 18, 1918. For further details, see page 1808, Annual Report for 1915; page 579, Annual Report for 1926; page 562, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for commercial purposes a channel :35 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide from the sea to the inner end of the jetties, thence 600 feet wide to the navy yard, and thence 400 feet wide to (Goose Creek, a total distance of 21.9 miles, with a turning basin 700 feet wide at the port terminals, together with a channel 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide through Town Creek; also a channel in Shem Creek 10 feet deep and 110 feet wide from a flared entrance from Hog Island channel to and including a turning basin 130 feet wide and 400 feet long with the upper end 250 feet upstream of the Mount Pleasant public wharf. The estimate of cost for new work (1955), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $2,116,000. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $668,400. The existing project includes the maintenance of two entrance jetties completed in 1895 under previous projects. These jetties are of stone ,on log-mattress foundation, the north jetty 15,443 feet long and the south jetty 19,104 feet long; the distance between their axes at the outer end is 2,900 feet. The height as originally built, except the submerged inner portions and the gap left in the south jetty, was 12 feet above mean low water for the greater part of their length. The project also provides for the following works, which were authorized to be prosecuted only as found necessary in the interests of national defense, and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate: a. A 40-foot channel, 1,000 feet wide from the sea to the inner end 314 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of .the jetties, described above, thence 600 feet wide to the south pier at the navy yard, and thence 1,000 feet wide to the Commandant's wharf. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1926, and was estimated to be $3,603,000. b. An anchorage area 30 feet deep in the water area between Castle Pinckney and Fort Moultrie. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $2,604,200. The mean tidal range is 5.2 feet, though this is increased to 7 or 8 feet under the influence of northeast winds or prolonged storms. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 18,1878 2 jetties 1_------------ Annual Report, 1878, pp. 553-572. Aug. 8, 1917 Increase in depth to 30 feet with width of 500 feet be- H. Doec. 288, 62d Cong., 2d sess. tween the jetties and 1,000 feet seaward thereof. July 18, 1918 The 40-foot channel to the navy yard. (Act provided H. Doe. 1946, 64th Cong., 2d sess., that the 40-foot channel should not be undertaken pt. 1, pp. 21-29, 57, 58, and 61-63 "until the proposed new drydocks at this navy yard, carrying a depth of 40 feet of water over the blocks, has been authorized." This dock was authorized in the Naval Appropriation Act ap- proved July 1, 1918 (40 Stat. L. 725).) Jan. 21,1927 A 30-foot channel from the sea to Goose Creek via H. Doec. 249, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Cooper River, together with a 30-foot channel through Town Creek, for commercial purposes. The act also provided that the 40-foot channel be prosecuted only as found necessary for national defense. Oct. 17, 1940 The 35-foot channel depth from the sea to the head H. Doec. 259, 76th Cong., 1st sess. of the project via Cooper River and Town Creek, also a channel in Shem Creek to Mount Pleasant, 110 feet wide and 10 feet deep, including a turning basin at the upper end. Mar. 2,1945 An anchorage area 30 feet deep in the water2 area be- H. Doec. 156, 77th Cong., 1st sess. tween Castle Pinckney and Fort Moultrie. Sept. 3,1954 Deepen the 30-foot channel north and east of Drum S. Doec. 136, 83d Cong., 2d sess. Island to 35 feet. (contains latest published map). 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 For national defense. Local cooperation. This project authorized in the River and Har- bor Act of October 17, 1940 (H. Doec. 259, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), is subject to the requirements that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable spoil-disposal areas as and when re- quired for initial work and for subsequent maintenance. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Piers and slips extend for about 1 mile along the eastern waterfront of the city of Charleston, and an additional mile is covered by marginal wharves. The South Carolina State Ports Authority operates the terminal at Columbus Street, large piers near Market Street, and operates the beltline railway serving all wharves and warehouses, and connecting with trunklines entering the city. Modern facilities are also at the Southern Railway coal pier and the wharves of the Standard Oil Co., the Charleston Shipyards, Inc., the Seaboard Air Line Railroad, the Southern Railway Co., and the Concentration Warehouse and Compress Co. On Cooper River above the navy yard a compress and warehouse company has a marginal wharf 750 feet long; the Texas Corp., the RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHARLE:STON, S. C., DISTRICT 315 Sinclair Refining Co., and the Cooper River Terminals, Inc., maintain piers at their properties; and the South Carolina State Ports Author- ity operates a large terminal capable of berthing four cargo vessels. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For further details, see Port Series No. 13, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Admiral, by contract, performed maintenance dredging during April, May, and June 1955 in the inner harbor as follows: 34-foot depth for project width at shoal 6A in Town Creek Channel; 34-foot depth for 400-foot width at shoals 3, 5A (including realigned channel) and 6, Cooper River Channel north of Drum Island; and 30-foot depth for 600-foot width at shoals 6 and 6C in Cooper River Channel east and north of Drum Island, including widening at bends, removing 1,104,- 395 cubic yards of material at a cost of $300,906. The U. S. hopper dredge Gerig and hired labor, during June 1955 performed mainte- nance dredging for a 33-foot depth for project width at shoal 7 in Cooper River and South Channel, removing 298,776 cubic yards of material at a cost of $59,026. Diking of the spoil areas on the south end of Drum Island was completed August 16, 1954; a total of 2,905 lineal feet of dike was completed at a cost of $3,038. The principal volumes of reports on the model and prototype in- vestigations of Charleston Harbor to reduce maintenance dredging were completed and submitted to the Chief of Engineers for review. Recommendation was made for constructing a plan of improvement consisting of contraction dikes and channel realignments at major shoals, at an estimated cost of $2,194,000. Studies indicate that the plan will provide a considerable reduction in maintenance dredging, and the reduction in maintenance costs will pay for the remedial works in about 7 years. Costs in connection with the model and prototype studies were $16,524. Field surveys and borings and laboratory work in connection with foundation analyses and design of the contraction dikes were undertaken. Costs for this work were $21,266. Surveys, borings, and preparation of plans and specifications for dredging a realigned channel in the lower harbor so as to bypass shoal No. 7, were completed at a cost of $12,218. The cost of surveys and supervision was $7,672. The total cost for the year was $420,650 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The jetties protecting the entrance channel across the bar were completed in 1895. The jetties are de- scribed in the "Existing Project." The existing project was com- pleted during May 1949 except for the national defense portions of the project and deepening the 30-foot channel east and north of Drum Island to 35 feet. Surveys during the latter part of the fiscal year in the entrance channel, South and Cooper River channels showed a controlling depth of 34 feet for 800-foot width from the 34-foot contour in the ocean to South Channel; thence 34-foot depth for 400-foot width to the head of the project, except at shoals 6 and 6C in Cooper River north and east of Drum Island, where the controlling depth is 30 feet for 400-foot 316 REPORT OFP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 width. Surveys dur hg June 1955 in Shem Creek showed a con- trolling depth of 8 feet for 90-foot width. The cost of the existing project has been $1,857,964 from regular funds and $57,813 from Public Works funds, a total of $1,915,777 for new work, and $7,061,200 from regular funds and $56,087 from Public Works funds, a total of $7,117,287 for maintenance; a grand total of $9,033,064 exclusive of $600 contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: ' Appropriated ------------ ------------ ------------------------ .........----------- $8,502,232 Cost__ ------------- --------------------------------------------------- 8,502,232 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- $667,872 $609,394 $531,162 $561,557 $1,201,623 8,317,404' Cost- 370,472 ..------------- 277 656, 380 734, 591, 697 2 655 420, 276 7,519, 1 Includes $6,586,455 fornew work and $401,989 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $600 formaintenance was expended from contributed funds. 8 Does not agree with text of report by $5 amount of prepayments June 30, 1954,deducted from costand financial summary for fiscal year 1954 but left in text of that report. 4. ASHLEY RIVER, S. C. Location. Rises near Ridgeville, S. C., and flows southeasterly 40 miles, uniting with the Cooper River to form the harbor of Charles- ton, S. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. and 470.) 12,39 Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details see page 1809, Annual Report for 1915, and page 566, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel i3ei-et deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide from the mouth to the Standard wharf, 7.8 miles, suitably widened at bends and at the head of the improve- ment; and for maintenance, to a depth of 12 feet and a width of 100 feet, of the approach channel to the municipal yacht basin. The mean tidal variation is about 5.2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, was $260,996. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $65,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Channel 20 feet deep and 240 feet wide up to Stand- Rivers and Harbors Committee ard wharf. Doc. 4, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 26,1937 Enlarging channel to present project dimensions and Rivers and Harbors Committee for maintenance of entrance channel to Municipal Doc. 449, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Yacht Basin. published map). (contains latest Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Ternminal facilities. The facilities extend 51/2 miles above the United States Coast Guard wharf adjacent to Tradd Street and in- RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 317 elude the piers at the United States Navy Mine Craft Base adjacent to Calhoun Street, and the wharves of American Agricultural Chemi- cal Co., Planters Fertilizer & Phosphate Co., Koppers Co., and the Virginia-Carolina Chemical Corp. The fertilizer company wharves are equipped with mechanical unloading devices. These terminals need extensive renovation. At the municipal yacht basin there are three docks of creosoted-timber construction for the accommodation of local and transient yachts. For further details see Port Series No. 13, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Clinton, by contract, on July 18, 1954, completed restoring safe navi- gable dimensions in the lower 3 miles of the main channel, removing 351,974 cubic yards of material at a cost of $73,540. The total cost for the year was $73,540 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1940. A survey of the main channel during the latter part of the fiscal year showed a controlling depth of 23 feet for 300-foot width from its mouth to the highway bridge, about 3 miles, thence 14 feet to the head of the project. A survey of the entrance to the municipal yacht basin during May 1955 showed a controlling depth of 9 feet for 70-foot width. The costs at the end of the fiscal year have been $260,996 for new work and $499,337 for maintenance, a total of $760,333. In addition $700 from contributed funds were expended for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated- . -_____ .- -.. - .. .- _- .. -..- $260, 996 Cost -...... 260, 996 Maintenance: Appropriated ___-__ $108, 231 _ . _ . . . $115, 000 -$6, 728 499, 337 Cost_________________ 108,231 ------------.------------. 34, 456 73, 815 2 499,337 1 Does not include $700 contributed funds. 2 Does not agree with text of report by $275 amount of prepayments June 30, 1954, deducted from cost and financial summary for fiscal year 1954 but left in text of that report. 5. SHIPYARD RIVER, S. C. Location. This waterway is a salt water tidal tributary of Charles- ton Harbor, S. C. It has its source about one-half mile below the United States navy yard, whence it flows southerly about 3 miles and empties into Cooper River about three-fourths mile above Drum Is- land. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 470.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1912; March 3, 1925; July 3, 1930; August 30, 1935; and August 26, 1937. For further details of previous projects, see page 610, Annual Report for 1932, and page 463, Annual Report for 1944. 318 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide, widened at the entrance, from deep water in Cooper River to the vicinity of the plant of the Pitts- burgh Metallurgical Co., with a turning basin 30 feet deep opposite the Gulf Oil Corp. terminal and a turning basin 30 feet deep at the upper end of the project. The mean tidal variation is 5.2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, was $487,824. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $165,400. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3,1930 Channel depths of 12 and 20 feet-.....----------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee, Doc. 13, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 20,1935 28-foot channel from Cooper River to the Gulf Oil Rivers and Harbors Committee, Corp.'s terminal, and the deepening of the channel Doc. 43, 73d Cong., 2d sess. above that point to 20 feet from the depth of 12 feet previously authorized without local cooperation. Aug. 26, 19371 Enlargement of the channel to a depth of 30 feet and Rivers and Harbors Committee, a width of 200 feet up to the Gulf Oil Corp.'s ter- Doc. 38, 75th Cong., 1st sess. minal, with a turning basin 30 feet deep at the latter point. Mar. 2,1945 Extension of the existing 30-foot channel to vicinity H. Doc. 93, 79th Cong., 1st sess.' of the Pittsburg Metallurgical Co. plant, with a turning basin at the upper end. 21 Included in Emergency Relief Administration Contains latest published map. program, May 28, 1935. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In the lower three-quarter mile of the channel are the large marginal wharves of the Gulf Oil Corp., and the Ship- yard River Terminal Co., the latter handling chiefly fertilizer and fertilizer materials. These wharves accommodate deep-draft, ocean- going vessels. On the upper channel is the Pittsburgh Metallurgical Co.'s wharf for handling ores. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Clinton, by contract, restored project dimensions in that portion of the project from the mouth to the head of the Gulf Oil Corporation dock during September and October 1954, removing 246,414 cubic yards of material at a cost of $48,451. The pipeline dredge Admiral, by contract, on June 22, 1955, commenced restoring project dimensions over the entire project and to the end of the fiscal year had removed 136,800 cubic yards of material at a cost of $27,008. The cost of surveys and supervision was $1,094. The total costs during the year were $76,553 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted during June 1951. Before-dredging surveys during June 1955, showed a controling depth of 22 feet. The costs to the end of the fiscal year have been $456,260 from regu- lar funds and $31,564 from emergency relief funds, a total of $487,824 for new work; and $1,526,424 from regular funds for maintenance, a total of $2,014,248. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 319 Cost and financial asummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--------......... ------ ------------ ------------ ---------------------- $491, 974 ---------------- Cost..... 370, 838 ............------------------............--------............--............ 491, 974 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ 66, 811 $124, 513 $92, 388 $123, 933 $144, 067 1, 597, 076 Cost ..- --. ------- 107, 289 122, 213 93, 943 121, 516 76, 576 5 1, 526, 424 1Includes $4,150 for new work for previous projects. 2Does not agree with text of report by $23 amount of prepayments June 30, 1954, deducted from Cost and Financial Summary for fiscal year 1954 but left in text of that report. 6. PORT ROYAL HARBOR, S. . Location, On the coast of South Carolina 57 miles southeast of Charleston Harbor and 18 miles northeast of the entrance to Savannah River, Georgia. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 571.) Existing project. This provides for a channel from the ocean through Port Royal Sound to Port Royal, S. C., 27 feet deep and 500 feet wide across the ocean bar and in Port Royal Sound for approxi- mately 13.2 miles, thence 24 feet deep and 300 feet wide in Beaufort River and Battery Creek for approximately 7.5 miles to'and including a turning basin 27 feet deep and 600 feet wide opposite the wharf of the Charleston and Western Carolina Railway. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $779,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $136,000. The mean range of tide at Port Royal is 7.2 feet; spring tides have a range of 8.7 feet. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, in accord- ance with plans contained in H. Doc. 469, 81st Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Requires that responsible local interests give assurance satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas where necessary for the con- struction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the work; and (c) install and maintain without cost to the United States suitable addi- tional terminal facilities as required, open to all on equal terms. It is believed that satisfactory compliance will be forthcoming prior to initiation of construction. Terminal facilities. Existing terminal facilities at the head of the project will need renovation and enlargement. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on the exist- ing project to date. Natural depths afford a controlling depth of 19 feet at mean low water from the sea to the inner harbor and thence 17 feet to the head of the project. 363037-55-vol. 2- 21 320 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. 'ARMY, 1955 7. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 report .ull Estimated Name of project Name of project fureportul amount 4 see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Abbapoola Creek, S. C. ....-------------------- 1947 -------------- . ------------ $17,000 2. Beresford Creek, S. C.5..............------ 1947 32, 000 3. Congaree River, S. C.1a____________________ ........... 1950 $364,824 $541,860 170, 000 4. Edisto River, S. C.1_ _------------------- 1938 33, 103 900 (3) 5. Great Pee Dee River, S. C.4______________ 1950 183, 712 269, 673 (3) 6. Little Pee Dee River, S. C.12 5a - 1919 19, 550 25, 650 31, 000 7. Lumber River, N. C. and S. C.'a ...-- _ ---- 1897 19, 000- 16, 000 8. Lynch River and Clark Creek, S.C.1 ...... 1910 9, 500- (8) 9. Mingo Creek, S. C.1------------ 1950 29, 050 7,150 (3) 10. Russell Creek, S. C. ---------------------- 1947 - ----------------------- 24, 000 11. Salkahatchie River, S. C.12_ _------ 1896 15, 841 -------------- (3) 12. Santee River, S. C-- ---------- 1950 99, 750 178, 544 (3) 13. Waccamaw River, N. C. and S. C.4 --------- 1950 262,814 197, 813 (3) 14. Wateree River, S. C.1---------------- 1940 60, 000 151, 784 (3) 15. Yadkip River, N. C.1 2_ 1892 102, 809 ,000 5--------------- .1No commerce reported. 2Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 3 Completed. 4Curtailment recommended in 1926 (H. Doec. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 5Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision in 1953. 6 Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision in 1897. 8. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood control project not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood ControlAct) . Location. Waccamaw River rises in Lake Waccamaw in southeast- ern North Carolina, flows generally southeasterly 140 miles to its mouth in Winyah Bay near Georgetown, S. C. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of North and South Carolina.) Existing project. This provides for clearing and snagging the river between miles 117.2 and 134.5 as authorized under section 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act, at an estimated first cost of $45,000. Local cooperation. Local interests have furnished rights-of-way, agreed to hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- age, and have agreed to maintain the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. A 17.3-mile reach of Waccamaw River, N. C., between New Britton Bridge, mile 117.2, and the Fish Ponds, mile 134.5, was cleared and snagged by rental equip- ment during May and June 1955, at a cost of $30,798. The total cost for the year was $30,798 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed June 30, 1955. The 17.3 mile reach of Waccamaw River, N. C., which was cleared of obstructions affords improved runoff conditions and reduces severity of flooding of adjacent farmlands. FLOOD CONTROL--CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 321 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Appropriated-....... ----------- ----------------------- ------------ $45, 000 $45, 000 Cost........------- ------------ ------------------------------------ 30, 798 30, 798 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------------------------------------------- $14, 184 9. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Edisto River, S. C..............------------------------ 1947 $6, 379 -------------- $288, 600 2. Yadkin River, N. C.......................... _ 1952 131, 500 -...-- --- . 13, 900, 000 I Authorization expired. Local cooperation not forthcoming in 5 years. 5 To be restudied. Latest cost estimate revised July 1954. 10. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs and expenditures of flood-control studies during the year were $1,340. The unexpended balances June 30, 1955, of $200 for navigation studies and $2,160 for flood-control studies, plus an anticipated allot- ment of $5,000 for navigation studies, a total of $7,360, will be applied during fiscal year 1956, to the payment of expenses to be incurred under these headings. 11. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The costs and expenditures for collection and study of basic data during the year were $270. The unexpended balance June 30, 1955, of $51 will be applied during fiscal year 1956, for the payment of ex- penditures to be incurred in connection with this activity. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT This district comprises a very small portion of southwestern North Carolina, western South Carolina, eastern Georgia, and a small por- tion of northeastern Florida embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean between Port Royal Sound, S. C., and the har- bor at Fernandina, Fla. It includes the Atlantic Intracoastal Water- way between these points. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 8. Savannah River Basin, Ga. way between Norfolk, Va., and S. C _.._-------- 338 and the St. Johns River, 9. Hartwell Reservoir, Savan- Fla. (Savannah District) -- 323 nah River Basin, Ga. and 2. Savannah Harbor, Ga -.. 326 S. C ----------- -- 338 3. Savannah River below Au- 10. Clark Hill Reservoir, Savan- gusta, Ga_____ 330 nah River Basin, Ga. and 4. Altamaha, Oconee and Oc- S. C_ 339 mulgee Rivers, da___ 333 11. Macon, Ga___ 341 5. Fernandina Harbor, Fla- - 335 12. Other authorized flood con- 6. Navigation projects on which trol projects_ . - - 342 reconnaissance and condi- 13. Inspection of completed flood tion surveys only were control works ----- _ _-_- 342 conducted during fiscal year__- 337 General investigations 7. Other authorized navigation projects .__ 337 14. Examinations and surveys _ 342 15. Collection and study of basic d ata -_-. ..---- ---------- 342 1. ATLANTIO INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (SAVANNAH DISTRICT) Location. This section of the waterway connects Port Royal Sound, S. C., with Fernandina, Fla. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 838-841, inclusive.) For Cumberland Sound to St. Johns River section, see page 324. Previous projects--between Savannah, Ga., and Fernandina, Fla. Previous improvements in this section were authorized by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882; August 11, 1888; July 13, 1892, and March 3, 1905. For further details, see pages 1814, 1821-1823, Annual Report for 1915, and page 585, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water and not less than 90 feet wide between Port Royal Sound, S. C., and Savannah, Ga.; for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water, with widths of 90 feet in land cuts and narrow streams and 150 feet in open waters, between Savannah, Ga., and Fernandina, Fla., to follow in general the alinement of the existing waterway, except for such cutoffs or other changes in the route 323 324 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 as may be found desirable and justified by the resultant benefits to navigation; and for a suitable anchorage basin at Thunderbolt, Ga. The total distance from Port Royal Sound, S. C., to Fernandina, Fla., is 165 miles. The project also provides for the following: (1) re- moving logs and snags from Generals Cut, Ga.; (2) an alternative and more protected route 7 feet deep at mean low water from Doboy Sound to Brunswick Harbor, via Darien River, Three Mile Cut, Al- tamaha River, One Mile Cut, Buttermilk Sound, Mackay River, Back River, Clubbs Creek, and Plantation Creek; (3) a protected channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide around St. Andrews Sound, extending from the main route of the waterway in Jekyll Creek through Jekyll Sound, Little Satilla River, Umbrella Cut, Umbrella Creek and its south branch, through Dover Cut to Dover Creek, thence up Dover Creek and through a narrow neck of land to Satilla River, thence through a land cut south of Todd Creek and through Floyd Creek to the main route of the waterway in Cumberland River; !(4) a channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 50 feet wide to connect Baileys Cut to Satilla River and Dover Creek, Ga.; (5) a loop 8 feet deep at mean low water to reach the wharves at the southern end of Cumberland Sound; (6) an alternative route 9 feet deep and 150 feet wide in that part of Frederica River, Ga., not now traversed by the main route, at no additional cost to the United States. In general, the work is to be accomplished by dredging, sup- plemented by training walls as necessary. The mean tidal range between Port Royal, S. C., and Fernandina, Fla., is from 6 to 8 feet, with fluctuations from 11/2 to 21/2 feet, due to winds and lunar phases. The project has been completed at a cost of $763,599.20 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $188,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents BEAUFORT, S. C., TO SAVANNAH, GA., SECTION June 3, 1896 Route No. 2 adopted---....-----------------------. Doe. 295, 53d Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 3,1899 Route No. 1 adopted----.. ..----------------------- Do.1 July 25,1912 Provided for Archer Creek (this route now aban- H. Doc. 513, 62d Cong., 2d sess. doned). SAVANNAH, GA., TO FERNANDINA, FLA., SECTION Yuly 13,1892 Original 7-foot channel___-----..............-------------------- H. Doc. 41, 52d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 3,1905 Provided for Skidaway Narrows ....----------------- H. Doc. 450, 58th Cong., 2d sess. July 25,1912 Incorporated alternative routes previously improved H. Doc. 1236, 60th Cong., 2d sess. 1 as separate projects and the auxiliary channels. CUMBERLAND SOUND, GA., AND FLA., TO ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA., SECTION Mar. 4,1913 For a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide-......----------........ H. Doc. 898, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 Consolidation of the 3 sections, shown above, into "Waterway between Beaufort, S. C., and St. Johns River, Fla." See footnote at end of table. RIVERS .AND HARBORS---SAVANNAH{, :GA. ' DISTRICT 325 Acts Work authorized Documents BEAUFORT, S. C., TO CUMBERLAND SOUND, GA., AND FLA., SECTION 1 Mar. 2, 1919 Removing logs and snags from Generals Cut---------........... H. Doc. 581, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Do.-..... Improving Back River to provide a channel 7 feet H. Doc. 1391, 62d Cong., 3d sess. deep and 150 feet wide. Mar. 3,1925 Channel 75 feet wide between Beaufort, S. C., and S. Doc. 178, 68th Cong., 2d sess. Savannah, Ga. July 3, 1930 Channel from Baileys Cut to Dover Creek_.-----------. S. Doc. 43, 71st Cong., 2d sess. 1 Aug. 26, 1937 A 7-foot protected channel around St. Andrew Sound. Senate committee print, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' A 12-foot channel between Beaufort, S. C., and Sa- Do-....... Rivers and Harbors Committee vannah, Ga., via Beaufort River and Port Royal Doc. 6, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Sound. June 20,1938 A 12-foot channel between Savannah, Ga., and H. Doc. 618, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Fernandina, Fla., various cutoffs; and anchorage basin at Thunderbolt, Ga. Mar. 2,1945 An alternative route 9 feet deep and 150 feet wide in H. Doc. 114, 77th Cong., 1st sess. that part of Frederica River, Ga., not now trav- ersed by the main route, at no additional cost to the United States. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Exclusive of terminal facilities at the ports of entry, this improvement serves numerous wharves, some of which are open to the public on equal terms. These facilities are considered ample for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Office engineer- ing, miscellaneous reports, condition surveys, and inspections with Government plant and hired labor cost $14,294. Condition at end of fiscal year. The main 12-foot channel of the existing project was completed in 1941. The 7-foot protected route around St. Andrew Sound was completed in 1939. The training walls and closure dams were completed in 1912, and are in satisfactory con- dition. All other improvements were completed in 1932. Since March 1943, the previous route of the Intracoastal Waterway, through the westerly end of South Channel and the northerly end of Wilmington River, has been superseded by the route through the Elba-McQueens Island Cut and the northwesterly end of St. Augus- tine Creek. The former route will be maintained to a depth of 7 feet for traffic moving from Savannah to points south of Savannah Harbor and for northbound traffic from southern points below Sa- vannah Harbor to Savannah, Ga. In June 1955, the main route had a controlling depth of 12 feet or more except as follows: Ramshorn Creek (Mile 568.3 to 569.0), 11 feet; Walls Cut (Mile 572.5), 10 feet; Fields Cut (Mile 573.4 to 573.8), 9 feet; St. Augustine Creek (Mile 578.5), 11 feet; Wilmington River (Mile 579.3 to 579.7), 11 feet; Creighton Narrows (Mile 642.2 to 642.4), 11 feet; Doboy Sound (Mile 649.2), 11 feet; Rockdedundy River (Mile 652.6 to 653.0), 10 feet; Altamaha Sound (Mile 658.0 to 658.1) (Mile 658.4 to 658.7), 11 feet; Buttermilk Sound (Mile (663.1 to 663.6), 10 feet; St. Simon Sound (Mile 677.2 to 677.8), 11 feet; and Jekyll Creek (Mile 682.6 to 684.2), 10 feet. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $763,599 for new work and $4,173,998 for maintenance, a total of $4,937,597. 326 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--------.........-------------------------------------------------- $958, 096 Cost--------..... Maintenance: ..........-------------- ---------------------------------------------- 958,096 Appropriated.-------- $174,421 -$46, 900 $233, 263 $7, 000 $11, 000 4, 308, 980 Cost-----------------.................. 174, 830 82, 530 224, 718 15, 099 2 14, 312 4, 308, 796 1 Includes $194,497 for new work and $134,798 for maintenance for previous projects. * Includes $18 applicable to 1954 cost. 2. SAVANNAH HARBOR, GA. Location. The entrance is 75 statute miles south of Charleston Harbor, S. C., and 70 statute miles north of Brunswick Harbor, Ga. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 440.) Previous projects. Adopted by specific acts of Congress May 18, 1826; March 3, 1855; August 7, 1856; and by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873; June 23, 1874; September 19, 1890; June 3, 1896; and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1810, Annual Report for 1915, and page 578, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This consists of eliminating the regulating dam across South Channel, relocating the inland waterway in the vicinity, further extending training walls, revetments, and jetties, and pro- viding for: a. Channels 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide across the ocean-bar be- tween stations 245 and 194, 9.7 miles; thence 34 feet deep and generally 400 feet wide, increased to 550 feet opposite the Atlantic Coast Line terminals, between stations 194 and 94, with turning basins 34 feet deep at the Mexican Petroleum Corp. refinery and above the Georgia Ports Authority terminal, 18.9 miles; thence 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide to a point 1,500 feet below the Atlantic Coastal highway bridge, with turning basins 30 feet deep in the vicinity of the Atlantic Creo- soting Co. terminal and at the upper end of the project, 2.45 miles; a total length of 31.05 miles; and with such modifications thereof as the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers may consider desirable. b. Enlargement of contracted portions of the channel and such enlargements of the channel as may be necessary to smooth out abrupt changes and for otherwise improving the hydraulic conditions with a view to reducing shoaling. c. The maintenance of the channels, anchorage basins, enlargements at Drakies Cut, Kings Island, West Broad, and Barnard Streets, mooring dolphins near Fort Oglethorpe, and the existing training walls and jetties. The plane of reference is mean low water, which varies for different parts of the harbor. The mean range of tide is 7.6 feet at the upper end of the harbor and 7.1 feet at the lower end. Extreme ranges are about 10.5 feet and 11 feet, respectively. Tides below mean low water occur 6 or 7 times a month and minus 2-foot tides occur from 6 to 8 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 327 times a year. The improvement has increased the mean tidal range by about 2.8 feet at the upper end. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $9,110,000 ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,500,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23,1874 Regulating works_........_ -- .---.. --..... Annual Report, 1873, p. 747. Mar. 2,1907 Tentative provision for a 26-foot channel from the H. Doc. 181, 59th Cong., 1st sess. quarantine station to the Seaboard Air Line Ry. bridge. June 25, 1910 Definite provision for the 26-foot channel- ..--... July 25,1912 A 21-foot channel from the Seaboard Air Line Ry. H. Doc. 563, 62d Cong., 2d sess. bridge to the fooat of Kings Island. Aug. 8,1917 A 30-foot depth from the sea to the quarantine station. H. Doc. 1471, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21,1927 A 21-foot channel above Kings Island_--_--------- H. Doc. 261, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Do....... Channel 30 feet deep, with general width 500 feet, H. Doc. 262, 69th Cong., 1st sess. from the ocean to the quarantine station, thence 26 feet deep, general width 400 feet, to the Seaboard Air Line Ry. bridge, thence 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Kings Island. Widening at West Broad and Barnard Sts.; anchor- age basin; mooring dolphins; regulating dam across South channel; relocation of the inland waterway; dredging Drakies Cut to 13 feet; widening to 525 feet at Kings Island; extension of training walls, revetments, and jetties. Consolidation of projects relating to Savannah Harbor. July 3,1930 Channel 26 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the Sea- S. Doc. 39, 71st Cong., 1st sess. board Air Line Ry. bridge to the foot of Kings Island. Aug. 30,1935 Authorized the 30-foot project and eliminated from H. Doc. 276, 73d Cong., 2d sess. the project: (a) the regulating dam across South channel; (b) the relocation of the inland waterway; and (c) the further extension of training walls, revetments, and jetties. 1 Mar. 2,1945 Deepening the channel and turning basin above the H. Doc. 283, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Seaboard Air Line Ry. bridge from 26 to 30 feet and widening the channel opposite the Atlantic Coast Line terminals to a maximum of 550 feet for a length of 5,000 feet. 1 Nov. 7,1945 Deepening the channels to 36 feet deep and 500 feet H. Doc. 227, 79th Cong., 1st sess. wide across the ocean bar between stations 245 and 194; 34 feet deep and generally 400 feet wide, in- creased to 550 feet opposite the Atlantic Coast Line terminals, between stations 194 and 103, with a turning basin 34 feet deep at the Mexican Petro- leum Corp. refinery; and with such modifications thereof as the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may consider desirable. July 24,1946 Extending channel 30 feet deep, 200 feet wide, up- H. Doc. 678, 79th Cong., 2d sess.l stream from Atlantic Creosoting terminal to a point 1,500 feet below the Atlantic coastal highway bridge, with turning basin 30 feet deep at upper end. 1 Sept. 3,1954 Deepening the channel to 34 feet and 400 feet wide H. Doc. 110, 83d Cong., 1st sess. from the upper end of the presently authorized 34-foot channel in the vicinity of the Mexican Petroleum Corp. refinery to a point above the Georgia Ports Authority terminal (station 94+670) with turning basin 34 feet deep at upper end. 1 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Acts approved Novem- ber 7, 1945, July 24, 1946, and September 3, 1954, impose the condi- tions that local interests shall: (1) Provide free of cost to the United States, all lands and rights-of-way required for the initial construction and subsequent maintenance when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works. The mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah have agreed to act as local assurer in securing necessary spoilage easements in Savannah 328 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Harbor. Although resolution has not been passed by the present administration, adequate cooperation has been furnished by the city authorities, and harbor dredging has not been impeded. The city has authorized the Savannah District Authority to conduct negotia- tions and secure necessary easements. The city has furnished the Government with indemnity bond in the amount of $70,000 applicable over a term of 5 years to assure payment of the eventual condemnation cost for securing perpetual easements on four tracts of land. On re- quest of the mayor of the city of Savannah, condemnation proceedings were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern Dis- trict of Georgia on December 11, 1952, for 1 parcel of land comprising 460 acres; and proceedings were filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina on December 23, 1952, for 3 parcels of land comprising a total of 6,667 acres. Orders of possession were granted in both instances. The Savannah District Authority furnished two 20-year easements on two tracts of land located on Hutchinson Island, Ga. The Government was also fur- nished with extensions of short term or temporary easements on three parcels of land which will expire in March 1956, June 1956, and March 1957. In the proceedings filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia, wherein adverse decision was ren- dered, the District Court was reversed by the Circuit Court of Ap- peals; however, the Circuit Court granted an order staying the man- date until May 28, 1955 at which time petition for writ of certiorari was filed by the landowners in the United States Supreme Court. Judgment covering the three parcels of land in South Carolina has not yet been rendered. Terminal facilities. There are 51 piers and wharves to serve waterborne commerce of the port. These facilities, with the use of dolphins, have a combined berthing space of 33,800 feet, with depths of water alongside ranging from zero to 32 feet at mean low water. Six of these terminals are opposite the city on Hutchinson Island; the remaining 45 are on the south side of the river between 3 miles below and 6.8 miles above the center of the city. Thirteen piers and wharves are operated by railroads, 5 by oil companies, 2 by coal companies, 1 by a cotton warehouse company, 5 by ship re- pair companies, 1 by a local steamship company, 7 by various private industries, and 1 by the Georgia Ports Authority. The site of a former shipyard has been acquired by the city of Savannah for future development of industrial sites. There is a large municipal wharf at the center of the city. All have railway and highway connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For further details, see Port Series No. 14, Corps of Engineers (revised 1946). Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The pipe- line dredge Admiral, by contract, did maintenance dredging in the inner harbor during the period July 6, 1954, to October 9, 1954, re- moving 2,982,297 cubic yards of material at a cost of $373,683. The United States pipeline dredge Henry Bacon operated in the inner har- bor during the period July 1, 1954, to May 24, 1955, removing 6,378,640 cubic yards of material at a cost of $756,898. Increasing height and cross section of existing spoil-impounding dikes cost $53,273. Drag- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 329 ging and sweeping the inner harbor channels cost $22,813. Installa, tion of range markers cost $6,930. Miscellaneous reports, mapping, inspections, condition and operation studies cost $185,732. Included in this amount is $124,881 for the model study of Savannah Harbor of which $100,000 was for construction and operation of the model. The total cost for maintenance was $1,399,329. The following tabulation shows the name of plant, sections of the harbor over which work was performed, yardage removed, and method of dredging: Station to sta- Cubic yards Name of channel tion removed, reg- ular dredging Dredge Admiral: Obstructions ....------------------------------------------------- 142-147 424, 281 The Bight ........... ............................................ 147-152 507, 757 Upper Flats ..........-....------------------. .- .. . .--....---.. -- - 152-163 1, 119, 990 Lower Flats__---- ---------------------------------- 163-170 477, 253 ....................... Long Island Crossing__------------- 172-178 319, 401 Quarantine .......................................................-------------------------------------------------- 191-193 133, 615 Dredge Bacon: Kings Island ....--....--------..............------------------------------------......................... 103-107 468,006 Marsh Island_ __------------------------------ 107-117 1, 514,456 City Front....-------------------------------------------------- 117-127 2, 453, 950 Wrecks .----------------------------------------------------- 127-136 1, 495, 773 5-Fathom Hole----------------------------------------------- 136-140 270, 982 Obstructions____ ................----------........------.......................... 141-145 142, 706 Long Island Crossing __ -................... ..................... 187-188 32, 767 Total cubic yards removed ....................................................... 9, 360, 937 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 95 percent completed. The 30-foot channel and extension of the harbor above the Seaboard Air Line Railroad bridge was completed February 5, 1948. The 34-foot channel was completed January 7, 1953. The 36-foot bar channel was completed April 15, 1951. The previous 30-foot project from the sea to old quarantine station was completed in 1930, and the rest of the 30-foot channel in 1937. That part of the previous 26-foot channel from the Seaboard Air Line Railroad bridge to the foot of Kings Island was completed in 1931; the rest, from the foot of Kings Island to the Atlantic Creosoting wharf, including the turning basin opposite the Savannah Sugar Refinery's wharf, in 1937. Crosstides channel was closed with a hydraulic fill in 1937. The anchorage basin and mooring dolphins near Fort Oglethorpe were completed in 1926; of the 10 dolphins originally constructed, all have been destroyed. The channel enlarge- ments at Drakies Cut, Kings Island, and at West Broad and Barnard Streets, were completed in 1931, 1929, and 1924, respectively. White- hall channel training wall was completed in 1929 and was replaced by three spur dikes in 1937; these spur dikes are in good condition. Fig Island training wall was raised and extended in 1940 and is in good condition. Long Island training wall hydraulic fill was completed in 1931 and other training walls and jetties prior to 1929, and are in fair condition. The work remaining to complete the project consists of con- struction of bank protection and extension of permeable dikes in the upper reaches of the harbor and deepening the channel to 34 feet and 400 feet wide from the presently authorized 34-foot channel to a point 330 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 above the Georgia Ports Authority terminal with a turning basin at upper end. In June 1955, least depths in midchannel for half-project width at mean low water were 32 feet from the sea to Blinker 24 (iii the vicinity of Fort Pulaski); thence 30 feet to the Mexican Petroleum Corp.; thence varying from 29 feet to 12 feet at the extreme upper limits of the harbor. The turning basins had the following controlling depths: Kings Island Turning Basin, -34 feet; Whitehall Turning Basin, 30 feet; and Port Wentworth Turning Basin, 19 feet in the lower half and 10 feet in the upper half. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $8,694,243 for new work and $24,393,713 for maintenance, a total of $33,087, 956. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated---------......... $540, 000 $245, 000 -$21, 546 -$2, 900 -$14, 236 $15, 954, 362 cost_____......-__ 512, 418 219, 372 15, 700 9, 618 -265 15, 954, 362 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... 619, 853 887, 400 1, 289, 439 1, 310, 000 1, 120, 750 24, 690, 635 Cost-----------------......... 635, 478 920, 194 1,121, 640 1,196,887 21,403,635 24, 692, 607 I Includes $7,260,384 for new work and' $298,894 for maintenance for previous projects. a Includes $4,306 applicable to 1954 cost. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project--- .------- _----- $415, 800 3. SAVANNAH RIVER BELOW AUGUSTA, GA. Location. This river is formed by the confluence of the Tugaloo and Seneca Rivers on the northwestern part of the South Carolina- Georgia boundary line. It flows southeast 314 miles, forming the boundary line, and empties into the Atlantic Ocean 16.6 miles below Savannah, Ga. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of South Carolina and Georgia.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. A subdivision between new work and maintenance is not possible. For further details see page 1813, Annual Report for 1915 and page 581, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. Provides for a channel 9 feet deep and 90 feet wide (at ordinary summer flow, which corresponds to a discharge of 5,300 second-feet at Augusta, Ga., with the Clark Hill powerplant in operation), from the upper end of Savannah Harbor to the head of navigation at Augusta, 3 miles above Fifth Street Bridge, about 199 miles. The improvement is to be obtained by construction of one lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff, use of contraction works, closure of cutoffs, bank protection, dredging, removal of snags, overhanging trees and wrecks, and open-river regulation. The mean tidal variation at the mouth of the river is 7.1 feet. The freshet variation above the normal pool level (elevation 114.5 mean sea level) of the New Savannah Bluff lock and dam at the head of the improvement is ordinarily about RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 331 13 feet with an extreme of 34 feet. Pertinent data for the lock and dam are given in the following table: Lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff Nearest railroad station.................... Augusta, Ga., 13 miles. Distance above mouth of river --------------- 203 miles. Lock dimensions_-------------------------- 56 by 360 feet. Lift of lock _------------- ---------------- 12.7 feet. Depth on lower miter sill at low water...... 12.3 feet. Depth on upper miter sill at normal pool level ... 13.5 feet. Character of foundations _ ----------------- Piles in sand, clay, and gravel. Kind of dam -- -------------------- - Fixed.' Type of construction ------------------------ Concrete, Completed-----------------------------_ 1937. Total cost --------------------------- $1, 473, 812. 10. 1 5 steel vertical-lift crest control gates, set between concrete piers and resting on concrete sill. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $6,982,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $110,000, includ- ing $33,800 for operating and care. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 For a 5-foot channel-.....--------------------------- H. Doc. 255, 51st Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1890; p. 1328. June 25, 1910 Special improvement by bank-protection work of 20 H. Doc. 962, 60th Cong., 1st sess. or 25 miles of the river immediately below Augusta. July 3, 1930 The present 6-foot channel project and the lock and H. Doc. 101, 70th Cong., 1st sess. dam. Aug. 30, 1935 1 Provision made for locating the lock and dam at New Senate committee print, 73d Cong., Savannah Bluff. 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Conditions of local cooperation modified_----------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 39, 75th Cong., 1st sess. May 17,1950 Provides for a 9-foot channel__.....------ ----- S. Doc. 6, 81st Cong., 1st sess.2 1Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 27, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The project provides that local interests fur- nish, without cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from any damage resulting from construction and maintenance of the improve- ment; and provide and maintain adequate terminal and transfer facili- ties, including a suitable public terminal at Augusta, Ga., open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. The only water terminals served by this im- provement are at Augusta and at or near Savannah. The city of Augusta owns and operates, on equal terms to all, a wharf and ware- house; a short distance below this terminal the Pure Oil Company has a terminal (storage capacity of 27,500 barrels) for berthing and discharging oil barges; The Texas Company has under construction a terminal for berthing and discharging oil barges; and just outside the eastern city limits is the Merry Brothers Brick and Tile Com- pany's terminal. This company also has terminal facilities at Savan- 332 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 nah. At Savannah there is one municipal wharf and a State dock suitable for berths for river steamers, open to the public on equal terms. In addition, there are extensive facilities at Savannah, privately owned, for oceangoing and smaller vessels. Along the river there are numerous natural landings without wharves or railway connections. The terminal facilities are considered ample for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The United States nonpropelled crane barge No. 1 did maintenance dredg- ing at mile 99 (Thompson's Cow-fold Point) during the period February 24, 1955, to'May 3, 1955, removing 40,000 cubic yards of material at a cost of $14,612 and snagging between mile 83 and mile 148 during the period May 4, 1955, to June 30, 1955, removing 1,057 snags at a cost of $12,832. Acquisition of lands and damages cost $535. Office engineering, miscellaneous reports, condition surveys, and inspections with Government plant and hired labor cost $9,139. The minimum daily flow of the river at New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam during fiscal year 1955 was 4,100 cubic feet per second. Mini- mum weekly flow was 4,200 cubic feet per second. The minimum daily and weekly flows of record prior to 1955 were 1,105 and 1,220 cubic feet per second, respectively. Powerplants with storage on the river are Clark Hill Dam, a Fed- eral multipurpose project 22 miles above Augusta; the Stevens Creek plant, 9 miles above Augusta; and the 6 plants of the Georgia Power Company on the headwaters. From the time that filling of the Clark Hill Reservoir was begun in December 1951 until the second generating unit was placed in operation in February 1953, a flow of about 3,000 cubic feet per second or better was maintained 95 percent of the time. Since that time the flow releases from Clark Hill have been those resulting from the operation of the project in the interest of flood control, navigation and hydroelectric power, which provides a mini- mum flow of 5,300 cubic feet per second at the Butler Creek gage for navigation. The severe drought during 1954 necessitated reducing the flow below 5,300 second feet for a short period. Maintenance (operating and care) : The lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff was operated, and ordinary repairs and improvements were made to the structure and appurtenant works, at a cost of $26,677. The total cost of work from regular funds was $63,795, of which $37,118 was for maintenance and $26,677 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 39 percent completed. The lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff was completed in 1937 and is in good repair. In general, the open-channel works are in fair condition; a few of the structures are in need of repairs; however this work will be accomplished by the authorized modification to the existing project. The controlling depth was 5 feet or greater 100 percent of the fiscal year and 6 feet or greater 75 per- cent of the fiscal year. These depths correspond to discharges of 4,100 second-feet and 5,300 second-feet respectively at the Butler Creek gage. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Deepen the channel to 9 feet and widen to 90 feet between the upper end of Savannah Harbor and the present head of navigation at Augusta, Ga. RIVERS AND HARBORS--SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 333 The cost on the project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: Regular funds Public Works Total Regular funds funds Costs: Construction.---------------------------------- $1, 117, 237 $1, 634,562 $2, 751, 799 Operation and maintenance .----------------------- 1, 814, 750 ---------------- 1, 814, 750 Operation and care----.----------- 498, 793------------ - 498, 793 Total---.... ----------------------------------- 3, 430, 780 1, 634, 562 5, 065, 342 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------------------ $2,845,279 Cost_ ------------ ---- ------------------ -------- ------------- 2, 845,279 Maintenance: Appropriated----- -- $76, 431 $52, 000 $71, 000 $20, 000 $102, 800 2, 356, 289 Cost-----------------... 77, 122 49, 701 70, 289 30, 066 263,799 2,313, 542 1 Includes $93,480 for new work for previous projects. 2 Includes $4 applicable to 1954 cost. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ -_--- $4, 230, 200 4. ALTAMAHA, OCONEE, AND OCMULGEE RIVERS, GA. Location. These rivers are entirely within the State of Georgia. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Georgia.) For full description of these rivers, see page 636, Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. Prior projects for the Altamaha River have been adopted, and expenditures made under them, by River and Har- bor Acts of March 3, 1881, and September 19, 1890; for the Oconee River by River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, September 19, 1890, and March 3, 1905; for the Ocmulgee River, by River and Harbor Acts of August 14, 1876, and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1815, Annual Report for 1915, and page 589, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This contemplates an appropriation of $40,000 annually for the Altamaha, Oconee, and Ocmulgee Rivers, to be ap- plied, following in general the methods carried on under the previous projects, to maintenance of 3-foot depth during ordinary summer low water and to the gradual increase of channel depth, so far as practi- cable without sacrificing the maintenance work. These methods are removing rock shoals, snags, overhanging trees, and other obstruc- tions; closing incipient cutoffs; revetting caving banks; and use of spur dikes and training walls. The width of channel was not speci- fied, but it should vary from 60 to 100 feet, according to locality. The present project provides also for removing obstructions such as over- hanging trees and submerged stumps, snags, and logs from Rifle Cut. This project covers the entire Altamaha River (including a channel between the river and Darien, Ga.), a length of 137 miles, the lower 334 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 145 miles of the Oconee River, and the lower 205 miles on the Ocmulgee River. The Altamaha River has a mean tidal range of 6.4 feet at its mouth which gradually decreases to mile 33 above, where there is no perceptible tidal effect. At Doctortown, mile 59, ordinary floods at- tain a height of about 10 feet above low water, and extreme floods a height of about 15 feet above low water. On the Oconee River at Dublin the ordinary fluctuations attain a height of 22 feet, and the extreme fluctuations a height of 32 feet, above low water. On the Ocmulgee River at Macon the ordinary fluctuations attain a height sof 15 feet, and the extreme fluctuations a height of 25 feet, above low water. There is no approved estimated cost for improvement. The latest (1955) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $15,300. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1912 (H. Doc. 443, 62d Cong., 2d sess.), and March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 610, 77th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published maps of these rivers are in the following documents: Altamaha River, House Executive Document 283, 51st Congress, 2d session; Oconee River, House Executive Document 211, 51st Congress, 1st session; Ocmulgee River, House Executive Document 215, 51st Congress, 1st session; and Lower Altamaha River and Darien Harbor, Ga., House Document 610, 77th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Along these rivers there are numerous natural shore landings. These are considered ample for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The United States nonpropelled crane barge No. 1 did maintenance snag- ging during the period October 4, 1954, to February 10, 1955, removing 2,593 snags between mile 22 and mile 61 at a total cost of $27,066. Local interests contributed the sum of $13,533 as part payment for this work. Office engineering, miscellaneous reports, condition surveys and inspections with Government plant and hired labor cost $13,239. The total cost for maintenance was $26,772, exclusive of contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is such that the percentage of completion cannot be stated. Channel depths have been increased by excavating rock shoals and sand bars, by construct- ing contraction and bank-protection works, and by closing cutoffs. Navigation has been rendered safer by removing obstructions. Many of the closing dams and contraction and bank-protection works need repairs. During the year: The Altamaha River had a controlling depth of 3 feet or greater 50 percent of the time. The Oconee from the Forks to Dublin, Ga., had a controlling depth of 3 feet or greater 60 percent of the time. The Ocmulgee River from the Forks to Abbeville, Ga., had a con- trolling depth of 2.5 feet or greater 50 percent of the time. Low water usually occurs between August and November. Con- trolling depths were then one-half to 1 foot less than those given above. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $60,847 for new work and $964,907 for maintenance, a total of $1,025,754. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA.) DISTRICT 335, Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated.--.-. ------------ ------------ --------------- ------ ------------ $821, 457 ---------- Cost_ ------------.------------ - ----------- ------------ ---------- 821, 457 Mainttnance: Appropriated-------......... -$3, 281 -----------------.--.--..---.-- $26, 900 1, 076, 985 Cost------- ------------------------------------ ------------ 26, 772 1, 076, 857 1 Includes $760,610 for new work and $111,950 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $13,533 contributed funds were expended for maintenance. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---..- C o st - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - .- - - --- - -- -...- I - -- - - - -- - . .-Ii .-------------------------------- - - -- - - -- -. . . - -- - ------------------------------ - -- - -.. . i - - - -.. . .. . . i -.. . .. . .. . . .. . Cost.. . Maintenance: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $13, 533 $13, 533 Cost-------- ..... ------------------------------------ ------------ 13, 533 13, 533 Note-Contributed funds ..- _-..................... ...................................... -- $16, 000. 00 Refunded to contributor___.... ___. ---.--------.- __----------_----- 2, 466. 74 13, 533. 26 GL Acct. 131.23 (current fiscal year expenditures)------- -------------------------- 16, 000 Column 5, Form 3011 (accrued expenditures).............----------..............--...........-------------------.... 16, 000 5. FERNANDINA HARBOR, FLA. Location. The harbor entrance is 221/2 statute miles north of the entrance to Jacksonville Harbor, Fla., and 95 statute miles south of the entrance to Savannah Harbor, Ga. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 453.) Existing project. This provides for two stone jetties at the harbor entrance, the north jetty 19,150 feet long and the south jetty 11,200 feet long; for a channel 28 feet deep at mean low water from deep water in the Atlantic Ocean to deep water at the junction of Lanceford Creek with Amelia River, 400 feet wide below Calhoun Street in the city of Fernandina, and generally 300 feet wide above; and for widen- ing the channel at the first bend below Lanceford Creek to 800 feet to form a turning basin. The length of the section included in the project is about 7 miles. The mean tidal range on the bar is 5.8 feet and in the inner harbor 6 feet, with minor fluctuations due to wind and lunar effects. The cost of new work is $3,286,818. Deepening the channel and turning basin to 32 feet is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955, and was estimated to be $283,200. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000. 363037-55-vol. 2- 22 336 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 14, 1880 Entrance jetties_ ___---- ----.----.----.. Annual report, 1879, p. 792. July 13,1892 Raising and extending jetties so as to provide 19-foot Annual report, 1891, pp. 1565-1598. depth. Annual report, 1896, p. 1289. Mar. 2,1907 Improvement of inner harbor to obtain depth of 20 H. Doc. 388, 59th Cong., 1st sess. to 24 feet and channel widths of 400 to 600 feet. June 25,1910 Combining improvement of Fernandina Harbor and Cumberland Sound under the general heading of "Fernandina Harbor." Mar. 3,1925 Provided for a 26-foot channel- ... H. Doc. 227, 68th Cong., 1st sess. - -. --............. June 20,1938 Provided for the 28-foot channel and turning basin _- H. Doc. 548, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Provided for reducing the maximum width of the H. Doc. 284, 77th Cong., 1st sess. turning basin from 1,000 to 800 feet, for shifting the (contains the latest published channel line in this vicinity 50 feet northwesterly, maps). and for including in the authorized project, at no additional cost, the small area dredged by Ray- onier, Inc. May 17, 1950 Provided for 32-foot channel and turning basin 1.__- H. Doec. 662, 80th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Deferred for restudy. Local cooperation. The project provides that local interests fur- nish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and spoil-disposal areas required for the new work and subse- quent maintenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and provide, when needed, additional terminal facilities open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. There are 16 wharves and piers (including a municipal wharf) having a total berthing space of 4,973 feet along the 2 miles of water frontage. The present facilities are considered ample for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities at the Ports of Fernandina, Fort Pierce Harbor, Palm Beach, Port Everglades, Miami, Key West, and Tampa, Fla., 1941 Edition, Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Plans and specifications were prepared and a contract awarded in June 1955 for maintenance dredging in the inner harbor. Plans and specifica- tions cost, $448. Office engineering, miscellaneous reports, and con- dition surveys cost, $1,598. The total cost for maintenance was $2,046. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 92 percent completed. The two stone jetties were completed in 1905 and are in need of repairs. In March 1955, the controlling depths for half project width were as follows: 29 feet over the outer harbor, except for a shoal area on south side of the channel in the vicinity of Nun Buoy 8, where the depth is 16 feet, and a shoal area on the north side of the channel about 1,000 feet west of Nun Buoy 10 where the depth is 20 feet, and 28 feet over the inner harbor to the foot of Calhoun Street in the city of Fernandina; thence 24 feet to the Ray- onier Wharf; thence 15 feet to Lanceford Creek. The turning basin had a controlling depth of 12 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Deepen the existing channel and turning basin to 32 feet in the outer and inner harbor. The cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $3,286,818 for new work and $901,449 for maintenance, a total of $4,188,267. RIVERS AND HARBORS--SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 337 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated_-------------_ -------------------------------- ------------ $3, 286, 818 Cost_--------........--------------------------------------------------------- 3, 286, 818 Maintenance: Appropriated----.-.. -$6, 770 $1, 500 $37 $2, 500 $106, 668 1, 007, 318 Cost ------------------ 39 1,092 329 1, 370 2,046 901, 449 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project----------------_ $283, 200 6. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDI- TION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost Cost during during sance reconnais- Date or condi- Name of project fiscal year tion survey con- ducted 1. Brunswick Harbor, Ga.............................--------------------------------------. $488. 09 October 1954. Total cost during fiscal year --------------------------------- 488. 09 7. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount Report CoOperation required to port Construction and main- complete tenance la. Brunswick Harbor, Ga ....-------------------- 1953 1 $2, 221, 121 1 $2, 614, 134 lb. Brunswick Harbor, Ga.... -------------------- 1953 -------------------------- 2 $1, 789, 900. 2. Darien Harbor, Ga.3---------------------- 1950 199, 723 44, 183 Completed. 3. Fancy Bluff Creek, 5 Ga.3 ------------------- 1935 8,000 4,200 Do. 4. Sapelo Harbor, Ga. 6-------1929 17, 906 17, 094 Do. 5. Satilla River, Ga.3- - - - - - - 1951 9, 452 37, 793 Do. 6. St. Marys River, Ga. and Fla., and North 1951 15, 688 56, 860 7 $1, 096,000. River, Ga. 5 7. Savannah River above Augusta, Ga. -- -- --6-..... -- -- -- 1929 69, 600 5, 870 (8) 8. Savannah River at Augusta, Ga.......... 1929 9 200, 556 17, 444 Completed. 1 Includes $102,516 expended from Public Works funds: $97,521 for construction and $4,995 for operation and maintenance. In addition, $10,000 was expended from contributed funds for construction. Includes $643,465 for new work and $54,414 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Deferred for restudy. Cost estimate revised in 1954. 3 Channel adequate for commerce. 4 Includes $54,929 expended on Doboy Bar. 5 Project recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. No. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. '6 No commerce reported. 7 Revised in 1955. 8 About 84 percent completed. Owing to construction of 2 power dams which have submerged much of the work under the present and former projects, this improvement cannot be completed as originally planned. 9 In addition, $185,000 was expended from contributed funds: $172,151 for construction and $12,849 for operation and maintenance. 338 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 8. SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN, GA., AND S. C. Location. The works covered by this project consist of a series of 11 dams and reservoirs on the Savannah River and its tributaries in Georgia and South Carolina. (See U. S. Geological Survey Maps of Georgia and South Carolina.) Existing prioject. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, approved the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Savannah River Basin for flood control and other purposes recommended in House Document 657, 78th Congress, 2d session, and authorized the construction of the Clark Hill Reservoir on the Savannah River in Georgia and South Carolina as the initial step of this development at an estimated cost of $35,300,000. The Flood Con- trol Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized $50 million to be ap- propriated for the construction of the Hartwell Reservoir in the gen- eral plan for the comprehensive development of the Savannah River Basin. Following is a list of the dams and reservoirs included in the com- prehensive plan. The estimated costs given were revised in 1955. Dams and reservoirs Estimated cost Name River Relocations Construc- Lands and rights- Total of-way Clark Hill, Ga. and S. C .............------------ Savannah .--- $66, 980, 500 $6, 747, 800 $4, 871, 700 $78, 600, 000 Hartwell, Ga. and S. C .. do .....-- 68, 656, 000 .----- 10, 495, 000 15, 149, 000 94, 300, 000 Goat Island, Ga. and S. C do -. ...--- _------------- 31, 400, 000 500, 000 4, 500, 000 36, 400, 000 Middleton Shoals, Ga. and S. C ....--------- __do-- ... 15, 500, 000 200, 000 800,000 16,500,000 Chattooga units (4), Ga. and S. C _. Chattooga .... 39, 800, 000 300, 000 1, 600, 000 41, 700, 000 Tallow Hill, Ga ...------------------ Broad ._.-... 36, 000, 000 1, 200, 000 1,800, 000 39, 000, 000 Anthony Shoals, Ga _------------------do--.... 15, 400, 000 1, 000, 000 1, 700, 000 18, 100, 000 Newry-Old Pickens, S. C----------- Keowee... _ _ _ 25, 200, 000 2, 100, 000 2, 200, 000 29, 500, 000 Local cooperation. None required. Clark Hill and Hartwell Reservoirs are the only projects in the comprehensive plan that have been authorized for construction. In- dividual reports on the two reservoirs are given in the following pages. 9. "HARTWELL RESERVOIR, SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN, GA. AND S. C. Location. The site of the Hartwell Dam is on the Savannah River 305 miles above its mouth and 89 miles upstream from Augusta, Ga. At full-power-pool elevation, the reservoir will extend 7.1 miles up the Savannah River to the confluence of the Tugaloo and Seneca, 41 miles up the Tugaloo, 27 miles up the Seneca to the mouth of upstream Little River, S. C., thence 2 miles up Little River to the Newry site, and 7 miles up. the Keowee to the Old Pickens site, and 8 miles up Deep Creek. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Georgia and South Carolina.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized $50 million to be appropriated for constructing the Hart- well Reservoir in the general plan for the comprehensive develop- ment of the Savannah River Basin approved in the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, in addition to the authorization for project FLOOD CONTROI--SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 339 construction in the act of December 22, 1944, recommended in House Document No. 657, 78th Congress, 2d session. This project, as now planned, provides for a gravity-type concrete dam 1,922 feet long with earth embankments at either end, 9,647 feet long on the teorgia side and 6,283 feet long on the South Carolina side. The total length of the dam will be about 18,032 feet. The main dam will consist of 2 nonoverflow concrete sections, 514 feet long on the Georgia side and 472 feet long on the South Carolina side, a gravity-type concrete spill- way 568 feet long equipped with 129tainter gates 40 by 35 feet, in the channel, and an intake section 368 feet long with the powerhouse on the Georgia side of the river. The maximum height of the concrete section will be 204 feet above river bottom and the earthfill embank- ments will vary in height to a maximum of about 106 feet. At full power-pool elevation 660 the reservoir will provide a total storage of 2,562,600 acre-feet of which 1,427,600 acre-feet will be usable. The initial power installation will be 198,000 kilowatts, and the ultimate will be 330,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost, revised in 1955, is $68,656,000 for construction, $10,495,000 for lands, and $15,149,000 for relocations and rights-of- way, a total of $94,300,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Design memorandums on the following items have been submitted for approval: construc- tion facilities, January 15, 1955; concrete dam, October 1, 1954; and relocations, February 1, 1955. Design memorandum on the turbines and governors was resubmitted May 1, 1955. The cost was $134,573. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance planning was about 34 percent completed. Contract for reservoir mapping was completed. The cost for new work under the existing project to June 30, 1955 was $934,191. Cost and flnanciaZ summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated --------- $170, 000 $172, 600 $373, 000 $96, 000 $125, 000 $936, 600 Cost------------- -.-_ 71, 945 234, 925 372,827 119, 974 1 134, 520 934, 191 Maintenance: Appropriated ......... Cost 1 Plus $53 included in 1954 cost. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -------- $2, 409 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------------- 93, 363, 400 10. CLARK HILL RESERVOIR, SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN, GA. AND S. C. Location. The work covered by this project is a dam and reservoir on the Savannah River and its tributaries in Georgia and South Caro- lina. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Georgia and South Carolina.) 340 REPORT OF THE CHIEF. OF ENGINEERS, U. S., ARMY, 1955 Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, approved the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Savannah River basin for flood control and other purposes as recomitended in House Document No. 657, 78th Congress, 2d session, and authorized the construction of the Clark Hill Reservoir on the Savannah River in Georgia and South Carolina at an estimated cost, revised in 1955, of $78,600,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $534,000. The Clark Hill Reservoir is on the Savannah River, Ga., and S. C., about 22 miles upstream from Augusta, Ga. The dam is 5,680 feet long, consisting of a concrete section 2,282 feet long with a maximum height of 200 feet, and a controlled spillway section 1,096 feet long. The concrete section is flanked on the west by a rolled-earth embank- ment extending 2,069 feet to the abutment, and on the east by a similar embankment 1,329 feet long. The reservoir has a total storage capac- ity of 2,900,000 acre-feet, of which 390,000 acre-feet is reserved for flood control and 1,340,000 acre-feet is used for the storage of water for generating hydroelectric power. The power installations consist of 7 generating units of 40,000 kilowatts each, a total of 280,000 kilowatts. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. The powerhouse was completed. The seventh and final generating unit was placed in productive operation on July 28, 1954. All lands have been procured, but final settlement is incomplete pending court action. A deficiency judgment of approximately $200,000, including interest, was awarded in the Wateree Power Company case and payment was made. The floating bulkhead was raised and renovation by hired labor was in progress. Metering equipment and panel boards for lines 4, 5, and 6 were completed. Plans and specifications for shop and storage build- ings were being revised and will probably be advertised next fiscal year. Plans and specifications for minor items of work were in progress. Operation and maintenance of the project by hired labor continued during the year. The total cost of the work during the fiscal year was $1,343,100 of which $908,567 was for new work and $434,533 was for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, commenced in Novem- ber 1945, was 99 percent completed. The project office was closed. All generating units in the project were in commercial operation. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $78,010,827 for new work and $766,587 for operation and maintenance, a total of $78,777,414. FLOOD CONTROIr--SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 341 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-........ $19, 800, 000 $17, 200, 000 $4, 079, 000 $3, 426, 200 $993, 8001 $78, 197, 814 Cost_------__ --------- 17, 860, 994 14, 894, 524 9, 408, 207 3, 711, 791 908, 567 78,010,827 Maintenance: Appropriated------------------------------15, 000 346, 500 409, 500 771, 000 Cost--------- ------------------------------------ 330, 999 4 435, 588 766, 587 1 Includes $1,055 included in 1954 cost. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------_ $106, 491 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------------------------------- 402, 200 11. MACON, GA. Location. This project is on the west bank of the Ocmulgee River and extends from the Fifth Street Bridge at Macon, Ga., downstream 13,000 feet, thence westward from the river to the Southern Railway embankment, a total of 5.5 miles. The city of Macon, Ga., is 205 river miles above the junction of the Ocmulgee and Oconee Rivers, which form the Altamaha River 137 miles from the Atlantic Ocean. 'See U. S. Geological Survey map of Georgia.) Existing project. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 560, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) This provides for increasing the height and cross section of the existing levee, which is 2.4 miles long, and constructing an extension to that levee for 3.1 miles, with appurtenant structures. The project was completed October 13, 1950, and turned over to local interests January 5, 1951, for operation and maintenance. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work : A contract for embankment erosion protection was completed at a cost of $15,388. Office engineering, miscellaneous reports, and inspections cost $905. The total cost for new work was $16,293. Condition at end of fiscal year. Minor construction deficiencies were corrected and the project returned to local interests for opera- tion and maintenance. The total cost to June 30, 1955, was $380,043. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------------------$45, 420 ..-....... - 26, 515 -- Cost ....-. .-...... Maintenance: $102, 248 4 65 1$16,-$390, 398 380, 095 043 _, Appropriated _ ,- -_ - . .- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost.... 1 Includes $105 applicable to 1954 cost. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ $10, 052 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-----------------------------------------10, 052 342 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 12. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 Estimated fullreportEsti amount Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Augusta, Savannah River, Ga----------------. 1941 $643, 016 .....------------.......Completed. 2. Emergency flood control work under author- ity of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 18, 1941, as aended---------------------- 1949 .............. $6, 531 Do. 3. Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 2 of Flood Control Act approved Aug. 28, 1937. 1950 8, 772 -------------- Do. 13. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS During the fiscal year inspections of the Augusta Levee and the Macon Levee were made to insure that local interests were complying with the maintenance and operations regulations. The work by local interests was considered satisfactory. The cost incurred during the fiscal year was $243. The total cost to June 30, 1955, was $243. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: ............ Appropriated------------------- ----------------------............--------- $250 $250 Cost---------- ------------------------------------------------ 243 243 14. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS There were no funds appropriated for examinations and surveys during the fiscal year, and no work was done. Additional funds are not required for fiscal year 1956. 15. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Noncooperative stream gaging (streamfiow data) : One stream gage (stage only) which is not in the cooperative program was in opera- tion on the Altamaha River at Charlotte, Ga., during the fiscal year. This gage has been in operation by the district since 1925, and because of its location below the forks of the Altamaha River has been and continues to be an important flood reporting station. Analysis of basic data--(storm studies) : Work was in progress on the storm-study program of the district: Flood-emergency studies: Revision of the flood-emergency manual was completed. The total cost during the year was $882. The unexpended balance of $846 will be applied to expenses incurred under this heading dur- ing fiscal year 1956. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of south-central Georgia and all of peninsular Florida except a small northeastern portion, embracing the watersheds tributary to the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexi- co from, but not including, the harbor at Fernandina, Fla., to and in- cluding the Aucilla River. It also includes Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and other nearby islands. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Jacksonville Harbor, Fla __ 343 11. Snagging and clearing under 2. Oklawaha River, Fla -- 348 authority of sec. 3 of the 3. Intracoastal Waterway, Jack- River and Harbor Act ap- sonville to Miami, Fla ___ 351 proved Mar. 2, 1945 .... 385 4. Canaveral Harbor, Fla .... 355 12. Other authorized navigation 5. Palm Beach Harbor, Fla ... 359 projects 386 6. Miami Harbor Fla __ -- 363 7. Okeechobee Waterway, Fla_ 368 Flood control 8. Intracoastal Waterway, Ca- loosahatchee River to An- 13. Central and southern Florida_ 387 clote River, Fla____---- 373 9. Tampa Harbor, Fla _- -- 377 General investigations 10. Removing the water hya- cinths from navigable 14. Examinations and surveys_ 398 waters in the State of 15. Collection and study of basic Florida_ . . 384 data-- 398. 1. JACKSONVILLE HARBOR, FLA. Location. The St. Johns River rises in the marshes of Brevard County, Fla., near the east coast, and flows northwesterly to Jackson- ville, thence easterly into the Atlantic Ocean, 122 miles south of Savannah River. Its total length is about 285 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 577.) Previous projects. Six appropriations for surveys and experimental dredging on the bar were made from 1852 to 1878. Projects for per- manent improvement were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, and June 3, 1896. For further details see page 1823, Annual Report for 1915, and page 607, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for: (a) A channel 34 feet deep from the ocean to Commodore Point via a cutoff channel from St. Johns Bluff (Fulton) to Dame Point and via Terminal Channel along the west bank of the river to Commodore Point, and thence 30 feet to the Florida East Coast Railway bridge at Jacksonville, with widths of 800 feet at the entrance and between the jetties, from 900 to 1,200 feet in Pilot Town Cut, from 1,050 to 1,335 feet in Mayport Cut, 343 344 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 generally 500 feet in the St. Johns Bluff-Dame Point Cutoff, 1,200 feet at Dame Point, 590 feet in Terminal Channel (with the westerly edge 60 feet from the new pierhead-bulkhead line), from 400 to 900 feet in other cuts, increasing to as much as 1,115 feet at bends, and 300 feet in Arlington Cut which is 30 feet deep and generally parallel to Terminal Channel; (b) a depth of 24 feet between that depth contour and the pierhead line at Jacksonville from Hogan Creek to the foot of Laura Street; (c) a depth of 28 feet to within 60 feet of the pierhead line in the area between the foot of Laura Street and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge (formerly Duval County highway bridge); (d) a navigation and floodway channel 26 feet deep and 200 feet wide along the south side of the Commodore Point terminals, terminating in deep water at each end; and (e) construction of train- ing walls and revetments. All depths are referred to local mean low water. No dredging is to be done within 60 feet of a pierhead line. Natural depths of 34 feet or more, for adequate width, exist in midchannel from Commodore Point to the Florida East Coast Railway bridge at Jacksonville. Two converging rubblestone jetties, built at the entrance under a previous project, are maintained under the existing project. The north jetty is 14,300 feet long, and the south jetty is 11,183 feet long. The jetties are parallel and 1,600 feet apart for 4,022 feet from the sea ends. Stone retaining walls have been built at 7 localities, involving about 7 miles of this class of structure. Stone revetments at 5 localities provide about 3.7 miles of shore protection. The training walls and revetments are located between Dame Point and Wards Bank, near the inner ends of the jetties. About 4 miles of these structures are located along the shores of the old channel which has now been re- placed by the Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff. The length of section included in the project is 26.1 miles via the cutoff channel. The mean tidal range is 5.3 feet on the bar, 4.9 feet at Mayport, 2.6 feet at Dame Point (12 miles above the entrance), and 1.1 feet at Jacksonville (St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge). The ex- treme range varies from about 9 feet on the bar to about 1.5 feet at Jacksonville. Strong northeasterly winds raise the water level about 2 feet at Mayport and Jacksonville. Strong southwesterly winds lower the water about 1.5 feet at Mayport and 1 foot at Jacksonville. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1955, is $12,750,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The current annual maintenance estimate is $200,000. The Naval Reserve Armory basin portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1953, and was estimated to be $75,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 345 Acts Work authorized Documents ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA., OPPOSITE THE CITY OF JACKSONVILLE Mar. 2,1907 A depth of 24 feet at mean low water between the 24- H. Doe. 663, 59th Cong., 1st sess. foot curve and the pierhead line at Jacksonville from Hogan Creek to the Florida East Coast Ry. bridge. ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. June 14, 1880 Jetties at the entrance (maintenance only; new work Annual Report for 1879, pp. 767-792. completed under a previous project). June 3,1896 Extension of jetties, etc. (maintenance of jetties only; H. Ex. Doe. 346, 53d Cong., 3d sess., new work completed under a previous project). and Annual Report for 1895, pp. 1586-1604. June 25, 1910 Main channel, 30 feet deep at mean low water, and in H. Doc. 611, 61st Cong., 2d sess. general 300 feet wide (via Arlington Cut), increasing to as much as 600 feet at bends and through the jetties; for an anchorage basin at Mayport; 800 feet in width beyond the channel limits and for training walls and revetments, all subject to modification in detail by the Chief of Engineers. ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA., JACKSONVILLE TO THE OCEAN June 5,1920 Consolidation of the above 2 projects to form a Specified in act. single project. July 3,1930 Widening the bend at Dame Point (to 900 feet) _....... H. Doc. 483, 70th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening Drummond Creek, Trout Creek, and Six Senate committee print, 74th Mile Creek Cuts to 400 feet; and Terminal Channel Cong., 1st sess. 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide along the terminals at Jacksonville. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of channel widths as they now exist; H. Doc. 322, 77th Cong., 1st sess. widening Terminal Channel (30 feet deep) to a width of 590 feet; dredging the 28-foot-depth area between the foot of Laura St. and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge; the navigation and floodway channel along the south side of the Commodore Point terminals; and the approach and 2 mooring basin in front of Naval Reserve Armory. Do ..... The 34-foot channel depth via the existing channels S. Doc. 230, 78th Cong., 2d sess.t and Terminal Channel. 1 Do....... A cutoff channel between Dame Point and St. Johns S. Doc. 179, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Bluff, 34 feet deep, in lieu of deepening the existing channel. 1Contains latest published maps. 2Inactive. Local cooperation. All work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the im- provement. It is provided that these requirements as to the 28-foot- depth dredging between the foot of Laura Street and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge may be waived or modified if in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers such action is necessary in the interest of national defense (H. Doc. 322, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The deepening of the improvement to 34 feet is subject to the additional requirement (S. Doc. 230, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) that local interests give assurances satis- factory to the Secretary of War that they will modify terminal facili- ties as necessary to permit full utilization of the deeper channel. A resolution adopted January 4, 1946, by the Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce, agreeing to comply with the above-mentioned features of local cooperation, was accepted by the Secretary of War on February 11, 1946, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. All spoil-disposal areas and rights-of-way required in connection with the new-work 346 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 dredging between Commodore Point and the ocean and for the cutoff channel have been furnished. Terminal facilities. There are 81 piers and wharves serving the waterborne commerce of the port. The depths of water vary from 31 feet at the larger terminals to a few feet at the inner end of the slips and at the barge berths. The Jacksonville municipal terminals at Talleyrand Avenue consist of three piers. There are 35 other piers: and wharves used for handling waterborne commerce of the port or mooring vessels, 11 of which are open to the public. All have railway and highway connections except 9 of the smaller piers, which have highway connections only. Of the remaining piers, 26 are used in connection with shipyards and marine repair plants, 2 for recrea- tional craft, 8 for industrial purposes, and 7 are not used. In addition, privately operated piers and wharves are available at Mayport, Fla., to serve the fishing industry, and facilities for serving recreational craft are available at Fulton. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 15, re- vised 1947, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work : Settlement of claim for dredging under continuing contract for deepening and widening Terminal Channel and southerly portion of Long Branch Cut between July 15, 1947, and November 19, 1949, cost $974,910. Maintenance. Contract: Repair to White Shells training wall was put under contract but no work accomplished during the fiscal year. Dredging to remove shoals in 34-foot depth channel, vicinity of Munic- ipal Docks was performed between May 12 and 26, 1955, with U. S. hopper dredge Hyde. Removal of 91,771 cubic yards of material, place measurement, cost $28,460. Hired labor surveys, inspections, and reports throughout the fiscal year cost $5,985. The total costs for the fiscal year were $974,910 for new work and $34,445 for maintenance, a total of $1,009,355. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 97 percent completed. Dredging was begun about November 1910. A channel at least 30 feet deep and of practicable width from the en- trance to Jacksonville was completed in March 1922. Widening the 30-foot channel to authorized widths was completed in July 1937, except Terminal Channel, which was only 400 feet wide. Deepening the existing channels to 34 feet including widening Terminal Channel to 575 feet was begun in July 1947, and was completed in December 1951. The Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff was opened to traffic in June 1951. The easterly end of Bar Cut was dredged to depths of 40 and 42 feet and 700 feet wide between April and September 1951. Those depths were obtained to accommodate United States Navy aircraft carriers at no cost to the project. A depth of 24 feet was provided between the 24-foot contour and the pierhead line at Jacksonville, from Hogan Creek to the Florida East Coast Railway bridge, between October 1907 and January 1912. The two jetties at the entrance, constructed between December 1880 and June 1904, under a previous project, have been maintained under the existing project. About 3,555 linear feet of the inner end of the north jetty has been capped with concrete. All training walls and revetments considered necessary on RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 347 .30-foot project were constructed between July 1892 and May 1894, by Duval County, and by the United States, under the former existing project, intermittently between October 1903 and September 1927. The easterly end of Wards Bank training wall has been revetted with granite riprap. Material dredged near the westerly end of Bar Cut and deposited along the north side of the north jetty near the Fort George River encroachment has effectively prevented further erosion adjacent to that structure. The jetties are in fair condition except as follows: South jetty: Capstone has been displaced in isolated loca- tions and at the outer 800 feet. North jetty: The north shoreline has receded about 1,200 feet leaving the jetty exposed. Capstone has been displaced in the outer 300-foot section and in the 1,200-foot section seaward of the monolithic cap. The monolithic cap has been broken and concrete washed away in two locations, one 25 feet long and the ,other 15 feet long, near the middle of the section. Revetments and training walls: Ward Bank training wall, having been reinforced with heavy capstone at the easterly end by the Navy Department, is in good condition. The 800-foot westerly extension, a Wakefield-pile wall, is in poor condition but has been reinforced at its upstream end with rubble concrete by the Navy. Mile Point training wall is in good condition. The adjacent shore at the east end is eroding. White Shells training wall is in poor condition, but prevents erosion of the shore. Fulton training walls are in good condition, however, due to Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff they are no longer in the proper location to prevent the erosion now occurring in the vicinity of Fulton, Fla. Dame Point training wall is in poor condition but is apparently preventing erosion. Bank erosion, apparently resulting from recent new-work dredging operations, is visible at several locations, and if it continues, remedial measures will be required. These areas are: (a) North bank of river from Haulover Creek (Pilot Town) to the north jetty; (b) South bank east of Mile Point training wall; (c) South bank at Fulton, and (d) North bank from Dame Point to Dunns Creek. The Matthews Bridge (fixed) crosses the river at mile 22.3. Ver- tical clearance over the Terminal Channel is 148.3 feet and over Arlington Cut, 86.8 feet. The controlling depths in the middle half of the channels from the ocean to Jacksonville were 34 feet except as follows: Pilot Town Cut 33.6 feet in November 1953; Mile Point Cut 33.1 feet in April 1954; and White Shells Cut 33.9 feet in April 1954. The limiting depth in the left outside quarter of the channels from the ocean to Jacksonville was 30.8 feet (June 1955); left inside quarter, 32.5 feet; right inside 33.5 feet; and right outside quarter 32.9 feet. A con- trolling depth of 24 feet was available to the pierhead line between Hogan Creek and the foot of Laura Street in 1934 and to within 60 feet of the pierhead line, thence to the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge in 1938. The work remaining to complete the project is to dredge: The area between the foot of Laura Street and St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge to a depth of 28 feet; and the navigation and floodway channel along the south side of Commodore Point terminals. 348 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total 041 $12,135, $11,142,193 $23,277,234 Regular ..............................................----------------------------------------. Public works------.............-.-----.---.---.290, 013 ----. . 290, 013 Total....................... ...............--------------------------------------. 12, 425, 054 11, 142,193 23, 567, 247 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated......... $1, 600,000 $987,000 ------------ -$100 $974, 910 $15, 945, 191 Cost ---------------. 2, 240, 169 946, 389 -$100 ----------- 974, 910 15, 945, 191 Maintenance: Appropriated-__ 40, 000 249, 500 115, 877 314, 620 48, 368 11, 702, 518 Cost ----------------- 53, 977 249, 517 116, 956 311, 875 234, 005 11, 685, 410 1 Includes $3,520,137 for new work and $543,399 for maintenance for previous project. 2Differs from "operation and results during fiscal year" by +$441 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------- $331, 000 2. OKLAWAHA RIVER, FLA. Location. This river has its source in the system of large lakes in the central part of the Florida peninsula and flows generally north- erly, then easterly, emptying into the St. Johns River, 22 miles above Palatka. The extreme head of the system may be taken as Lake Apopka, 120 miles above the mouth of the river. Previous projects. The first improvement was authorized by an act of Congress approved February 24, 1835. For further details see page 1825, Annual Report for 1915, and page 613, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for clearing the river of obstruc- tions from the mouth to Leesburg, including the Kyle and Young Canal and its extension to Morrisons Landing and the J. D. Young Canal from Morrisons Landing to Starkes Ferry (clear title to the canals and sufficient land adjacent thereto to provide for future widening has been conveyed to the United States), and for main- taining the dikes with a view to obtaining a navigable depth of about 4 feet to Leesburg, 85.7 miles above the mouth. The work embraces dredging, snagging, removing overhanging trees and ob- structive aquatic vegetation, and constructing a lock and dam at Moss Bluff to maintain the water level in Lake Griffin. The project in- cludes, under maintenance, the operation and care of that lock and dam. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 349 Lock and dam at Moss Bluff Distance to nearest town---------------- 20.2 miles by canals. Name of nearest town--------------------------- Leesburg, Fla. Distance above mouth of river -------------------- 65.5 miles by canals. Distance above mouth of Silver Springs Run-------- 13.2 miles. Width of lock chamber__ - __ __--- -- ___--30 feet. Greatest available length for full width--------------125 feet. Lift above low water_---------------___------- 16 feet. Depth on upper miter sill at normal pool level-------- 9 feet. Depth on lower miter sill at low water-- ---- - __- 4.5 feet. Character of foundation_________________________ Piles in sand and clay. Character of construction_ ------------- Concrete, with timber gates. Kind of dam_--------------- - -___ --- ___- Movable. Type of dam__________________________________ Needle. Completed ----------------------------------- 1925. Total cost ___________ ______________-_$161,000. The river is nontidal except for a short distance above the mouth at the St. Johns River, where the mean range at low-water stage is about 0.5 foot. The mean fluctuation due to rainfall is about 2 feet at the mouth, about 3 feet at the mouth of Silver Springs Run, and about 2.5 feet at Lake Griffin. The extreme fluctuation is about 3 feet at the mouth, 5 feet at Silver Springs Run, and about 4.5 feet at Lake Griffin. The actual cost of new work was $315,264. The current annual maintenance estimate is $20,000. The portion of the project author- ized by River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 782, 59th Cong., 1st sess.), providing for a 6-foot depth channel to the head of Silver Springs Run is considered to be inactive and is ex- cluded from the project. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1953, and was estimated to be $131,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts. Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Clearing the river of obstructions to obtain a navi- Annual Report for 1889, pp. 1360- gable channel about 4 feet deep from the mouth to 1364. Leesburg. Mar. 2,1907 Deepening the channel to 6 feet at mean low water H. Doc. 782, 59th Cong., 1st sess. from the mouth of the river to the head of Silver Springs Run.' June 25, 1910 JMaintenance of levels in the lakes at the head of the Specified in act. July 25,1912 1 river. July 27,1916 Acceptance of certain artificial waterways and exten- Specified in act. sions thereof between Heather Island and Lake Griffin as part of the waterway in lieu of portions of the natural bed of the river. (2) Operation and care of the lock and dam provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1Inactive. 2Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act of June 26, 1934. The latest published maps are in House Document No. 514, 63d Congress, 2d session, and Annual Report for 1891, page 1626. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are numerous privately owned landings along this river, more or less in disrepair, and a municipal wharf at Leesburg; no charges for wharfage. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. 350 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The lock and dam at Moss Bluff were operated and maintained and the build- ings and grounds were cared for by hired labor at a cost of $15,936. The costs for the fiscal year were $3,281 for maintenance and $12,655 for operations and care, a total of $15,936. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed. By dredging, making cutoffs, and snagging intermittently between January 1892, and June 1914, a clear channel with a depth of about 6 feet at ordinary stages was obtained to a point about 32 miles above the mouth. A channel 4 feet deep at mean low water and 30 feet wide between Silver Springs Run and Moss Bluff lock was dredged between late 1924 and November 1929. A lock and dam at Moss Bluff were constructed between about March 1923 and late 1925. For further details relative to this lock see paragraph "Existing project." The United States reservation comprises 13.0 acres of land, 2 dwellings, a storehouse, and other small buildings. Most of the original dredging of the canal between Heather Island (6.3 miles above the mouth of Silver Springs Run) and Starkes Ferry near Lake Griffin was done by private interests between 1911 and 1923. Between June 1929 and June 1930, the canal between Moss Bluff lock and Starkes Ferry was enlarged to 8 feet deep by 50 feet wide to provide for control of Lake Griffin. The dike on the east side of the canal was repaired and improved as a maintenance feature from June to December 1936. Although the river below Moss Bluff lock was in poor condition from fallen and overhanging trees, at the close of the fiscal year it was open and passable. The dikes below the lock were in poor con- dition. High waters created by required abnormal discharge of water through the dam have developed numerous weak points, which require repair. The valves on the lock gates and fender system are in poor condition; otherwise, the lock and dam were in fair condition. The controlling depths at normal stages were approximately as follows: Mouth of the river to Silver Springs Run, 4.0 feet; Silver Springs Run to Moss Bluff lock, 3.0 feet; and Moss Bluff lock to Leesburg, 5.5 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $311,352 for new work, $341,027 for maintenance, and $204,416 for operation and care, a total of $856,795. In addition, $11,415 was expended between August 1, 1929, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of the improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .... 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 New work: Appropriated --------- - - --------------------------- ------ ------------....................$315, 264 Cost----------- ------------------------------------------------------ - 315, 264 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $15, 631 $14, 000 $11, 552 $9, 800 $15, 700 557, 282 Cost-----------------.... 16, 003 12, 619 13, 109 9, 987 2 16, 256 557, 168 1 Includes $3,912 for new work for previous projects and $11,414 for operating and care under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. s Differs from "operation and results during fiscal year" by -$320 pending adjustment. RIVERS AND HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 351 3. INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, JACKSONVILLE TO MIAMI, FLA. Location. The waterway extends from Jacksonville to Miami, Fla., following the St. Johns River to the mouth of Pablo Creek, 20 miles, and thence following in general the line of a canal constructed by the Florida Coast Line Canal and Transportation Co. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 842-847.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 15, 1844, July 13, 1892, August 18, 1894, and Deficiency Act of February 26, 1896. For further details, see page 1825, Annual Report for 1915; page 655, Annual Report for 1926; and page 618, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an inland waterway 12 feet deep at local mean low water and generally 125 feet wide from Jack- sonville to Miami, with such modifications in cutoff and other ques- tions of alinement as may be required by the Chief of Engineers; and for a basin 8 feet deep extending from the Intracoastal Water- way to the easterly shore, about 1,140 feet wide at the waterway and 280 feet wide at the shoreline, at or near Vero Beach, Fla. The length of the waterway is 370 miles, of which 20 miles are included in the project for improvement of Jacksonville Harbor, Fla. The project also includes the operation and maintenance of the Palm Valley high- way bridge, the title to which was passed to the United States, along with all other property of the Florida Coast Line Canal and Trans- portation Co., under the conditions of local cooperation. The mean range of tide is 3.8 feet at the St. Johns River, 0.7 foot in the Indian River at Fort Pierce, 1.8 feet in Lake Worth at the Port of Palm Beach terminals, 2.3 feet at the Port Everglades terminals, and 2 feet in Biscayne Bay. The extreme range is about 7 feet at the St. Johns River, 1.5 feet at Fort Pierce, and 3 feet in Biscayne Bay. Tidal effect is imperceptible at points along the waterway distant from inlets. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1955, is $26,078,000, excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The current an- nual maintenance estimate is $163,000. The Jacksonville Beach and Sebastian portions of the project are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The Jacksonville Beach basin was essentially provided by local interests in dredging fill for highway at no cost to the United States. The cost of the Sebastian portion was last revised in 1953, and was estimated to be $35,700. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927For a channel 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide from Jack- I. Doc. 586, 69th Cong., 2d sess. sonville to .Miami. For a width of 100 feet__ July 3, 1930 1 ______________ S. Doc. 71, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Operation and care of the bridge near Palm Valley provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 26,1937 Turning basin in the vicinity of Jacksonville Beach _ H. Doc. 180, 75th Cong., 1stRess. 3 3 Mar. 2, 1945 A channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide_ H. Doc. 740, 79th Cong., 2 sess. 3 Do .......A side channel and basin at Sebastian 2--. - H. Doc. 336, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 3 Do.______ A basin at Vero Beach_______________________________ H. Doc. 261, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act of June 26, 1934. 2Inactive. 8 Contains latest published maps. 363037-55-vol. 2--23 352 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. The conditions imposed by the River and Har- bor Acts approved January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, have been fully complied with, including furnishing suitable spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance of the improvement as and when required. Subsequent acts authorizing enlargement of the waterway have im- posed the same requirement with respect to spoil-disposal areas for maintenance. The Florida Inland Navigation District, a special tax- ing district empowered by State law to comply with certain features of local cooperatiof, was requested to furnish additional spoil-disposal areas in perpetuity for a 25-year maintenance program in the southerly and northerly halves of the waterway on May 15 and July 1, 1944, respectively. Numerous areas have been furnished and the navi- gation district is actively engaged in securing other areas by negotia- tion, or, when necessary, by condemnation. The areas are being fur- nished at a satisfactory rate. Temporary spoil-disposal areas for maintenance have been and are being furnished as and when required. All work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil- disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The act imposed ad- ditional requirements as follows: (a) Deepening the waterway to 12 feet is subject to the conditions (H. Doc. 740, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) that local interests bear the cost of all alterations of bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures made necessary by the improvement and that, if for any cause the Secretary of War finds it advisable, he may cause proceedings to be instituted in the name of the United States for acquirement by condemnation or otherwise of any lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas needed for the improve- ment, after receipt of assurances satisfactory to him from responsible local agencies that they will reimburse the United States for the costs; (b) provision of the basin at Vero Beach is subject to the requirements (H. Doc. 261, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) that local interests furnish assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will protect the shoreline with an adequate bulkhead, and provide, maintain, and op- (rate terminals adequate for full utilization of the improvement, open to all on equal and reasonable terms. A resolution adopted August 2, 1946, by the Florida Inland Naviga- tion District was accepted by the Chief of Engineers December 24, 1946, as satisfactory assurance that the navigation district will fur- nish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and spoil-disposal areas needed for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required, and will hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the construction and main- tenance of the 12-foot project. The navigation district assumes no re- sponsibility for the additional requirement that local interests bear the cost of all alterations of bridges, cables, pipelines, and other struc- tures made necessary by the improvement (H. Doc. 740, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), as it is not empowered by State law to comply with such RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 353 features of local cooperation. The bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures are owned by various individuals and public and private corporations. Most of those structures were constructed un- der permits issued by or under authority of the Secretary of War. Alteration of all bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures, made necessary by the improvement, can properly be required of the owners under existing Federal law. Procurement by the navigation district of the required rights-of-way and temporary spoil-disposal areas for new work is virtually complete for some sections of the waterway, and is well advanced and actively in progress in others. The navigation district states that it is in a position to furnish all remaining areas in. a short time after it is evident that funds will become available. Nor delays due to lack of suitable rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas, nor to alterations of bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures made necessary by the improvement, are expected. A resolution adopted by the city of Vero Beach on August 8, 1945, agreeing to comply with the features of local cooperation pertaining to the basin at Vero Beach, was accepted by the Secretary of War on November 28, 1945, as satisfactory assurances of compliance. Terminal facilities. Extensive terminals with railway and street connections are available at Jacksonville and Miami. Terminals with railway and highway connections, for coastwise vessels have been con- structed at Fort Pierce (Indian River), Riviera (Lake Worth), and Port Everglades Harbor. Municipal piers or wharves have been con- structed at Titusville, Courtenay, Cocoa, Melbourne, and Vero Beach for handling general freight, and at St. Augustine, Daytona Beach, New Smyrna Beach, Eau Gallie, West Palm Beach, and Miami for the use of recreational craft. At Daytona Beach, Titusville, Eau Gallie, and Fort Pierce, yacht basins open to the public have been provided. They are connected with the Intracoastal Waterway by channels 6 to 8 feet deep and 80 to 100 feet wide. At Fort Pierce a channel 6 feet deep and 80 feet wide has been dredged by the United States from the Intracoastal Waterway to and up Taylor Creek to the United States Coast Guard buoy depot. There are also a number of privately owned piers, wharves, and landings at various points along the waterway. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details on facilities at Jacksonville, Fort Pierce Harbor, Port of Palm Beach, Port Everglades, and Miami, see Port Series Nos. 15 and 16, revised 1947, and Port and Terminal Facilities Report, 1941, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Contract dredging to remove shoals with depths less than 12 feet between St. Johns River and Eau Gallie in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was completed July 16, 1954. Dredge Ideal removed 33,675 cubic yards of material at a cost of $29,140. Contract dredge Admiral removed 65,777 cubic yards of material at a cost of $43,259, between April 11 and May 12, 1955, in providing a navigable depth of 8 feet: between Melbourne and Miami. Contract dredges Admiral and Green Dragon removed spot shoals under 8-foot depth near mouth of St. Lucie River between January 26 and March 1, 1955, at a cost of $7,187. 354 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Hired labor investigations, surveys, inspections, and reports through- out the fiscal year cost $15,546. The total costs for the fiscal year were $95,132 for maintenance. Operating and care: The steel and concrete, double-leaf bascule highway bridge near Palm Valley was operated and maintained by hired labor throughout the fiscal year at a cost of $21,927. The total costs for the fiscal year were $95,132 for maintenance and $21,927 for operation and care, a total of $117,059. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 43 percent completed. A channel 8 feet deep at local mean low water and 100 feet wide was dredged between March 1930 and May 1935. The northerly 171 mile section between the St. Johns River and Eau Gallie was enlarged to 12 by 125 feet between June 1951 and No- vember 1953, except for a small plug, about 1 mile long, at Daytona Beach. The plug was removed this fiscal year by the State road department since the highway bridge for which the plug was left has been reconstructed; a realined channel in the area has been marked and is in use. The turning basin at Jacksonville Beach was essentially completed by local interests in dredging to provide fill for approaches to the McCormick Bridge in 1949, at no cost to the project. A steel and concrete, double-leaf bascule highway bridge near Palm Valley, to replace the temporary pontoon bridge at that locality, was con- structed between September 1936 and July 1937, at a cost of $117,917. The existing channel widths are reduced at 54 localities by bridges, with a limiting horizontal clearance of 51 feet at the Deerfield Beach Bridge. When last surveyed the controlling depths were as follows: Minimum depths in Dredged dimensions channel entering from north Reach Date of survey Mid- Left channel Right Length Width Depth outside for half outside quarter project quarter width Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet St. Johns River to St. Augustine___ July 1954____......___ 37 125 12. 0 8. 6 12. 0 9. 7 St. Augustine to Matanzas Inlet ___ June 1953 and 13 125 12. 0 10. 9 12. 0 10. 7 April 1954 Matanzas Inlet to Ponce de Leon June 1953 _.-. _- 52 125 12. 0 11. 5 12. 0 11. 3 Inlet. Ponce de Leon Inlet to Haulover June 1953 and 28 125 12. 0 11. 4 12. 0 9. 9 Canal bridge. June 1954. Haulover Canal bridge to Eau Gallie_ November 1953__ 44 125 12. 0 12. 0 12. 0 12. 0 Eau Gallie to Fort Pierce ......... July 1952 ....-.. 51 100 8. 0 8. 0 8. 0 8. 0 Fort Pierce to St. Lucie Inlet-.----January 1955 ... 21 100 8. 0 8.0 8. 0 8. 0 St. Lucie Inlet to Miami Harbor_ _ _ September 1953__ 102 100 8. 0 8. 0 8. 0 8. 0 The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Complete enlargement of the waterway to 12 by 125 feet; and provide a basin at Vero Beach. RIVERS AND HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 355 The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: funds Regular fufundPublicnds Total Cost: New work_ ------ ___-------------------. -$9, 104, 519 $2, 199, 842 $11, 304, 361 Maintenance. ______ -__ _ -___-___________ __ 3, 933, 884 ----------------- 3, 933, 884 Operation and care......................-------------------------------- 250, 127---.----.-----.- 250, 127 Total_------.-----------.__ ------- ___ - _ 13, 288, 530 2, 199, 842 15, 488, 372 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated --------- ........ $500, 000 $2, 150, 000 $1, 019, 200 $10, 100 -$6, 038 $11, 399, 136 Cost ._____________-_ 126, 643 1, 874, 217 1, 356, 540 315,861 ...........------------ 11, 399, 136 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ........-- 205, 993 15, 302 156, 811 113, 100 $93, 075 4, 400, 611 Cost ----------------- 188, 841 41, 012 62, 336 182, 930 3 118, 125 4, 401,125 1 Includes $94,775 for new work and $213,222 for maintenance for previous projects and $3,179 operating and care of the works of improvement under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. 2 In addition $5,500 was expended for maintenance from contributed funds. 3 Differs from " Operation and results during fiscal year" by -$1,066 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------_ $14, 774, 600 4. CANAVERAL HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the east coast of Florida in Canaveral Bight, about 146 miles south of the entrance to Jacksonville Harbor and 69 miles north of the entrance to Fort Pierce Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1245.) Existing project. This provides for a turning basin 27 feet deep at mean low water and 1,000 feet wide, with lengths of 900 feet on the north side and 2,900 feet on the south side, near the easterly shore of Banana River and inclosed by a dike; an entrance channel 27 feet deep and 300 feet wide extending from the turning basin through the barrier beach, thence flaring to 400 feet wide at the 27-foot contour in Cana- veral Bight, protected at its seaward entrance by two jetties to the 12-foot depth contour; a barge canal 8 feet deep at local mean low water and 100 feet wide from the turning basin to the Intracoastal Waterway; and a lock 50 feet wide and 250 feet long to pass the barge canal through the dike inclosing the turning basin. The entrance channel is about 1.8 miles long and the barge canal about 7.6 miles long. The total length of the project is 9.8 miles. Present plans will pro- vide for only the north jetty to extend to the 12-foot contour; the south jetty will extend to the 8-foot contour. 356 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Data relative to the proposed lock Distance to nearest town-_----- 10.7 miles via 8-foot barge canal and Intracoastal Waterway. Name of nearest town-------------------_ Cocoa, Fla. Distance from Intracoastal Waterway Channel 7.2 miles. Lock dimensions_______________________ __50 by 250 feet. Lift_ __- ___- ______ __------------ Varies with the tide. Depth on sills----------------------------14 feet mean low water. Character of foundation_----------------_ Piles in sand. Kind of dam-----------------------------None. --------------------------- Estimated cost_ $2,075,000. The mean range of tide is about 3.5 feet and the maximum range about 6 feet. Onshore winds generally raise the water level from 4 to 6 feet above mean low water. There is no perceptible tidal effect in Indian and Banana Rivers in the general vicinity, but the level of the water is considerably affected by winds, northerly winds causing a lowering of the waters and southerly winds causing them to rise above normal. Easterly winds cause a rise at the western shores and west- erly winds a rise at the eastern shores. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1955, is $4,300,000 including $850,000 contributed by local interests, but excluding $90,000 received from the sale of dredged material. The estimate also includes $648,000 for construction of jetties, but excludes $183,188 maintenance funds for emergency construction of landward section of the south jetty. The current annual maintenance estimate is $71,900. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 367, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The authorized work is subject to the condi- tions that local interests contribute 50 percent of the estimated first cost of the improvement, but not to exceed $850,000, and furnish as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will: (1) Furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas required for the improvement and its subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) construct, with- out cost to the United States and in accordance with plans approved by the Secretary of War, adequate piers, slips, warehouses, and transit sheds, a precooling plant with a capacity of at least 120,000 standard boxes of citrus fruit per week, a shipside citrus packing plant with a capacity of at least 50,000 standard boxes per week, direct and adequate highway connections between the port terminals and the mainland and all bridges made necessary by the entire improvement; (3) agree to operate and maintain, free of cost to the United States, all port facilities open to all on equal and reasonable terms; (4) agree to receive and pay for at the rate of 6 cents per cubic yard not less than 1,500,000 cubic yards of material to be dredged by the United States from the barge canal or turning basin and deposited upon the right-of-way for the causeway carrying the highway between the port terminals and the mainland; and (5) provide, operate, and maintain, free of cost to the United States, adequate railroad connections between the port and the rail lines on the mainland when the Secretary of War shall require it. An act of the Florida State Legislature in 1939, as amended in 1941, RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 357 created the Canaveral Port District in Brevard County, and a gov- erning body known as the Canaveral Port Authority with authority to construct and maintain in the district a deepwater harbor with termi- nal facilities; to borrow not to exceed $5,000,000 through the issuance of revenue certificates and bonds; and to levy an ad valorem tax on real and personal property in the port district. Bond issues are to be ratified by the freeholders of the port district in a public election. By letter dated February 22, 1947, the Canaveral Port Authority informed the district engineer that the authority had caused plans and specifications for the essential port facilities to be prepared by contract. On January 19, 1949, the Canaveral Port Authority adopted a resolution agreeing to assume full responsibility for the requirements of local cooperation. That resolution was accepted by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on November 21, 1949, as satis- factory assurance of compliance. A bond issue of $1,365,000 for meeting certain of the requirements of local cooperation was sold September 29, 1949. On November 28, 1949, the port authority con- tributed the required $850,000 toward the cost of the improvement, and has tendered payment of $90,000 for purchase of 1,500,000 cubic yards of material to be dredged by the United States from the barge canal and turning basin and deposited upon the right-of-way for the causeway carrying the highway between the terminals and the main- land. All rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas required for origi- nal dredging have been furnished. Plans and specifications for a bulkhead wharf were approved by the Secretary of the Army on November 10, 1952. Terminal facilities. An 800-foot marginal wharf on the north side of the turning basin accommodates shrimp and commercial fish- ing boats. A 400-foot marginal wharf with utilities was constructed on the south side of the basin and is operated by the Canaveral Harbor Port Authority. Improvements consisting of providing access road- ways and utilities, metal type building for administrative space and storage of fire-fighting equipment, and a charter boat dock to be located on the south side of basin east of 400-foot wharf are planned by the port authority. A landing ramp for pleasure craft is under construction. The Canaveral Corporation has completed construc- tion of 80,000-, 55,000-, and 35,000-barrel capacity storage tanks on the south side of basin. Facilities for gasoline and jet fuel and delivery pipelines from the 35,000-barrel tank to the harbor and barge canal at the west dike are planned for the future. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Construction by contract of the north jetty and seaward extension of the south jetty 78 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year, and construc- tion of revetment on the south shore were continued and completed September 3, 1954, at a cost during the fiscal year of $204,613. Maintenance: The United States hopper dredge Hyde removed 495,165 cubic yards, bin measurement, at a cost of $151,818 in obtain- ing a general depth of 27 feet over the north half of the entrance channel, between November 25, 1954 and February 21, 1955. Condi- tion survey over dredged area during February cost $4,406. The total costs for the fiscal year were $156,224 for maintenance. 358 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 55 percent completed. The 8-foot-depth barge canal, the 27-foot-depth turning basin, and barrier cut to the 12-foot contour in the ocean were dredged between June 1950 and January 1952. Fill was placed on the causeway site and the dike was constructed concurrent with dredging. The dike separates the west section of barge canal from the remainder of the barge canal and other project works. The en- trance channel seaward of the 12-foot contour was dredged between January and March 1952. Project dimensions were not obtained in the ocean section as the work was terminated at 90 percent completion due to lack of progress. Maintenance dredging during the fiscal year has been required to maintain near project dimensions. Emergency construction of the shoreward section of the south jetty, 813 feet long, and revetment, 445 feet long, was started in June and completed in November 1953. That construction was financed with Operation and Maintenance, General funds. The north jetty, 1,150 feet long, revetment 300 feet long, seaward extension of south jetty and westward extension of revetment to Station 94+00 were constructed between December 1953 and September 1954. General condition of the entrance channel has gradually improved with pro- gressive completion of north jetty. Shoaling near south bank has moved westward. Waves overtopping south revetment causes erosion. A bar appears to be forming in the entrance channel seaward of the jetties. The beach adjacent to the south jetty has advanced seaward, the shoreline now being about one-half the length of the jetty from the shore end of jetty. Since construction of north jetty, consider- able material has accumulated on both north and south sides, with most extensive changes occurring on north side. Considerable erosion along the bank south of the north revetment has occurred. When last surveyed controlling depths were as follows: Project Controlling depths en- tering from seaward Name of channel Mid- Date surveyed Left channel Right Length Width Depth outside for half outside quarter project quarter width Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Entrance channel --------------- 0.6 400 to 27.0 18. 6 26.1 17. 5 June 1955. 300 Land cut_________________---- _ 1.0 300 27. 0 4. 7 18. 5 23.9 Do. Turning basin_________________ 0. 6 1, 000 27. 0 23.0 24. 1 23. 7 Do. Barge canal, east section .-....... 0. 8 100 8. 0 8. 3 8. 7 8. 4 November 1951. Barge canal, west section--------........ 6. 8 100 8. 0 8. 0 8. 5 8. 5 July 1950 and Jan- uary 1951. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is construc- tion of the lock. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 359 Federal Contributed Total Costs: New work__ . _____........... $1,459, 510 ___..............._.... $940, 000 $2, 399, 510 Maintenance . .....................------------------------------------ 586, 856 0 856 586, Total ......................--------------------------------------- 2, 046,366 940,000 2,986,366 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .------------- $40,500 $10, 000 $610, 000 -$31, 490 $1, 459, 510 Cost ..... ____ ___ ___ . $640,495 189, 701 31, 981 377, 358 1 202, 440 1, 459, 510 Maintenance: Appropriated-__ ___. _____ ...... __..--- 335, 450 95, 400 156, 200 587, 050 Cost__________ __ ---_ _____ ___ _________ 161, 814 268,960 1 156, 291 587, 064 1 Differs from "operation and results during fiscal year" by +$2,173 new work and -$67 maintenance pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------- -- $1, 990, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June an 1Q955.includ- uLL , I P, lul I ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 Appropriated $326 .... - $ , ...... , . _ ___ _ ._ $......... $940, 000 Cost---------------- $326, 931 $426, 62 $2, 296 $50 940, 000 1Includes $90,000 receive~from local interests in payment for 1,500,000 cubic yards of material for cause- way fill, a local cooperation requirement. 5. PALM BEACH HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the east coast of Florida about 71 miles north of the entrance to Miami Harbor. It is the entrance channel to the Port of Palm Beach. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1248.) Existing project. This provides for maintaining, deepening, and enlarging the improvements constructed by local interests to provide a channel 25 feet deep at mean low water (plus 2 feet of overdepth from the ocean to station 65 + 00 and 1 foot of overdepth thence to and in the turning basin), and 300 feet wide from deep water in the ocean to station 69+00, thence reducing to a width of 200 feet at station 65 + 00, near the westerly side of the inlet, thence 200 feet wide across Lake Worth to station 31 + 54, with widening at the junction with the turning basin, thence flaring to form a turning basin of the same depth on the westerly side of the lake, of irregular shape, varying in length from about 1,375 feet on the north side to 900 feet on the south side, and with a minimum width of 1,250 feet over the westerly 900 feet of its length; for removing the obstructive point on the south side of the inlet; for reveting the banks of the inlet; and for restoring the 360 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 existing jetties. The jetties constructed at the entrance by local interests consist of two parallel rubblestone structures 800 feet apart, the north jetty and revetment being about 1,800 feet long and the south jetty, 1,700 feet long. The length of section under improvement is about 1.5 miles. The mean range of tide is 2.8 feet at the inlet and 1.8 feet at the Port of Palm Beach terminals. The extreme range is about 4.5 feet at the inlet and 3 feet at the terminals. The actual cost of new work was $1,688,741. The current annual maintenance estimate is $45,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents (1) Maintenance of improvement previously constructed H. Doc. 185, 73d Cong., 2d sess. by local interests. (2) Deepening the channels and turning basin, as con- Recommended by Chief of Engi- structed by local interests to 20 feet. neers to Public Works Adminis- tration Oct. 17, 1934. Aug. 30, 1935 Authorized the work previously approved by Public H. Doc. 185, 73d Cong., 2d sess., Works Administration, and widening the channels and Rivers and Harbors Com- to existing project dimensions, enlarging the 700- mittee Doc. 42, 74th Cong., 1st foot-square turning basin eastward, removing the sess. obstructive point on south side of the inlet, reveting the banks of the inlet, and restoring existing jetties. Mar. 2,1945 Deepening the channels and turning basin to 25 feet__ H. Doc. 530, 78th Cong., 2d sess. May 17, 1950 Extending the turning basin 550 feet southward over H. Doc. 704, 80th Cong., 2d sess. a 900-foot width, with a flare to the east; provided (contains latest published map). that local interests may be reimbursed not to exceed $305,000 for work done by them on this modification subsequent to July 1, 1949. 1 Public Works Administration program Mar. 13, 1934. 2 Public Works Administration program Dec. 10, 1934. Local cooperation. The conditions imposed by the River and Har- bor Act of August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 185, 73d Cong., 2d sess.), have been complied with except for furnishing perpetual easements for access to the easement areas adjacent to the channel through the inlet. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, among other conditions imposed the requirement that local interests give assurances satisfac- tory to the Secretary of War that they will provide additional berthing space and terminal facilities when needed to accommodate any increase in the commerce of the port, and furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance of the work as and when required. A resolution adopted August 1, 1945, by the Port of Palm Beach Dis- trict agreeing to comply with all conditions imposed by the act was accepted by the Secretary of War on October 3, 1945, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. All other requirements imposed by the act of 1945 have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 704, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), imposed the condition that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the work and subsequent mainte- nance, when and as required; and will provide and maintain, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a new slip with highway and rail connections and other appurtenances, open RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 361 to all on equal and reasonable terms. In partial compliance, local interests have partially completed slip No. 2 as described in the para- graph "Terminal facilities". While not required under the conditions of local cooperation, the Port of Palm Beach District, during 1944, dredged the area south and southeast of the then-existing project turning basin to a depth of 12 to 15 feet or to rock. During 1946, the port district widened the turning basin generally 200 feet to the south and east to a depth of 22 feet. During November and December 1953, local interests enlarged the turning basin, at their expense, by dredging to 25 feet plus 2 feet overdepth, an area 250 feet wide and about 1900 feet long along the easterly side of the turning basin. Terminal facilities. These consist of two slips and a marginal wharf. Slip No. 1 is 690 feet long, 210 feet wide, and 26 feet deep, with a wharf on either side and a bulkhead at the inner end; Slip No. 2 is 625 feet long, 200 feet wide, and 32 feet deep, and is bulk- headed on both sides at the west end. The west end is used for barge unloading and provides a depth of 15 feet at the west bulkhead. The marginal wharf extends northward from Slip No. 1 along the west side of the turning basin for a distance of 454 feet with a depth at dockside of 25 feet, and the face of the pier between the two slips has been bulkheaded. Adjacent to the bulkhead, a 180- by 450-foot area has been paved with limerock slag and asphalt-treated surface for open storage of bulk cargoes. These facilities afford total berthing space of 2,742 feet, with depths of 17 to 32 feet. All wharves belong to the Port of Palm Beach District. A 70- by 620-foot steel and concrete warehouse, a 70- by 140-foot wooden frame building, and an office building have been constructed on the north side of Slip No. 1; a 36- by 124-foot precooling plant north of the warehouse has been remodeled for an express traffic warehouse. One nearby storage tank for imported fountain sirup and two storage depots for petroleum products are connected with the terminal by pipelines. Equipment for transfer of railroad freight cars to and from car ferries has been installed and is used extensively. Rail and highway connections, water supply, and other facilities have been provided in the ware- houses and shipside on the slips. O new 60- by 360-foot steel ware- house with concrete floor was completed June 1, 1952, between Slips Nos. 1 and 2 and is in use. A new spur railroad track has been com- pleted south of Slip No. 2, to serve the 125,000-kilowatt plant of Florida Power and Light Company. On the port property west of the Federal Highway, the West India Fruit and Steamship Company has completed a 40- by 800-foot roofed platform for handling Cuban fruit and vegetables. One mile of spur track for storage has been built to serve this facility. A paved area 240 feet by 300 feet for open storage of lumber was completed in 1954. Paved roadway and park- ing area to this facility consist of a 100- by 300-foot entrance roadway, a 30- by 900-foot paved area on the north side of the shed, and a 60- by 900-foot paved area on the south side of the shed. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Repairs to the north jetty by contract was begun in April and completed in 362 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 June 1955, at a cost of $50,644. The work included placing rock filter blanket in eroded area and reenforcing channel-side concrete cap with heavy cap stone. Condition survey in June cost $5,245. The total costs for the fiscal year were $55,889 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in July 1950. Between 1918 and 1920, local interests dredged a channel 15 to 18 feet deep, 300 feet wide through the inlet, and 150 feet wide across Lake Worth, with a turning basin on the western shore of the lake, and constructed two stone jetties and revetment extensions to protect the channel at the entrance. The United States deepened the entrance channel and turning basin to 20 feet and widened the channel across Lake Worth to 200 feet between February 1935 and December 1937, and restored the stone jetties and revetments and re- moved the obstructive land point at the south side of the inlet between October 1936 and June 1938. The entrance channel and turning basin were further deepened to 25 feet, plus overdepth, between March 1947 and November 1948. During July 1949, local interests began dredging, on a reimbursable basis, to extend the turning basin 550 feet southward, with a flare to the east. The work was later discon- tinued, but was resumed by them during June 1950 and completed in July 1950. Local interests were reimbursed for the work in November 1951. During November and December 1953, local interests again enlarged the turning basin at their expense and not on a reimbursable basis. The latest enlargement involved dredging to 27 feet deep an area about 250 feet wide and 1,900 feet long along the entire easterly side of the turning basin. As reconstructed, the north jetty and revetment are 950 and 1,500 feet long, respectively; 850 feet of the shoreward end of the jetty has been capped with concrete, and voids in the granite enrockment at the seaward end of the structure have been filled with asphaltic concrete which is now in poor condition. The south jetty and revetment are 1,890 and 420 feet long, respectively; 1,790 feet of the shoreward end of the jetty has been capped with concrete. Repairs by contract were performed on the south jetty and revetment, and new granite base rocks were placed on both sides of the concrete cap for its full length. The work was completed September 8, 1950. Rebuilding of the north revetment was completed in April 1950. Both jetties were in good condition except for hurricane and storm damages to the south jetty as follows: Due to displacement and scattering of outlying granite base rocks formerly protecting the concrete cap, the outer 500 feet of concrete cap has settled generally from 1 to 6 inches: two 40-foot sections of the concrete cap were badly cracked longitudinally-one 400 feet from the east end of the concrete cap, the other near the land end; and the 100-foot section of nonbonded rubble granite at the seaward end is in good condition since its repair in 1950. The gully along the landside of the west half of the concrete cap on the north jetty continued to enlarge by erosion of sand leaking under the cap into the inlet through large voids in the underlying base rock. Repair of this condition was begun by contract in April and completed in June 1955. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 363 When last surveyed controlling depths were as follows: Project Controlling depths en- tering from seaward Name of channel Mid- Date surveyed Left channel Right Length Width Depth outside for half outside quarter project quarter width Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Entrance channel and land cut _ 0. 56 300 to 25 20. 7 24. 1 22. 1 June 1955. 200 Channel across Lake Worth _.. 0. 63 200 25 25. 7 25. O0 24. 0 Do. Turning basin__ - --- 0. 26 1, 250 25 26. 0 26. 0 26. 1 September 1954. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular ......---------- ----------..--------------- $1, 608, 741 $830, 064 $2, 438, 805 Public works_ .----..... _.----------------------------- 80, 000 30, 000 110, 000 Total --------------------------------------- 1, 688, 741 860, 064 2, 548, 805 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated . -_...... _ $238, 843 ---------- __------------_------------$1, 688, 741 Cost-------------------------- 238, 843 ----------------------------------- 1, 688, 741 Maintenance: Appropriated ...---------. $42, 500 23, 156 $27, 700 $1, 350 $56, 109 860, 194 Costp----------------- 160, 388 23, 706 27, 249 1, 772 156, 309 860, 365 ]Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by -$420, pending adjustment. 6. MIAMI HARIBOR, FLA. Location. Miami is near the northerly end of Biscayne Bay, about 335 miles southeasterly from the entrance to Jacksonville Harbor. Miami River has its source in the Everglades and flows southeasterly to enter Biscayne Bay at Miami. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts Nos. 547 and 1248.) Existing project. This provides for the following: (a) A channel 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide from the 30-foot contour in the ocean to near the outer end of the north jetty, thence 300 feet wide through the entrance and across Biscayne Bay to and including a turning basin 1,400 feet long and 1,350 feet wide on the westerly side of Biscayne Bay in front of the municipal terminals at Miami; (b) 2 parallel rub- blestone jetties at the entrance, 1,000 feet apart and 3,000 and 2,750 feet long, respectively; (c) a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide 364 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 from the mouth of Miami River to the turning basin at the municipal terminals; (d) a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the mouth of Miami River to the Intracoastal Waterway and thence 100 feet wide to Government Cut; (e) a channel at the mouth of Miami River, 15 feet deep at mean low water, 250 feet wide at the outer end and ta- pering to 170 feet wide at Brickell Point in a distance of about 1,400 feet; thence a channel in Miami River, 15 feet deep under flood con- ,and ditions, 150 feet wide for 3 miles, thence 125 feet wide for 1.1 miles, thence 90 feet wide for 1.4 miles; (f) a channel 12 feet deep and 1100 feet wide from Miami River to a harbor of refuge in Palmer Lake, the location of the harbor of refuge and channel leading thereto being subject to modification at the discretion of the Chief of Engineers, and (g) an approach channel 6 feet deep and 700 feet wide to the har- bor line at the seaplane base at Dinner Key, with an enlargement at the inner end and with a channel 8 feet deep and 50 feet wide along the easterly edge of the widening. The plane of reference is mean low water, except for the 15-foot channel in Miami River where depths are based on flood conditions. The total length of the waterway under improvement is about 17.7 miles, including about 6 miles of entrance channel from the ocean to and including the turning basin at the municipal terminals, 5.8 miles in Miami River, 3.5 miles in the connecting channels leading there- from into the bay, and 0.8 mile at Dinner Key Airport. The mean tidal variation is 2.5 feet at the entrance and 2 feet in the bay. The extreme variation is about 4.5 feet at the entrance and 3 feet in Biscayne Bay. Strong easterly winds raise the water level about 1.5 feet at the entrance and 1 foot in the bay. Strong westerly winds lower the water level about 1 foot at the entrance and about 0.5 foot in the bay. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1955, is $7,379,000 excluding the $23,000 to be contributed by local interests. The cur- rent annual maintenance estimate is $45,000. The Virginia Key por- tion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1953, and was estimated to be $7,451,200. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents MIAMI RIVER July 3,1930 The 15-foot channel in Miami, 150 feet wide at the Specified in act. mouth. (1) The channel at the Dinner Key Airport.........-----------.. S. Doc. 95, 72d Cong., 2 1st sess., and specified in act. MIAMI HARBOR June 13,1902 An 18-foot channel in a land cut across the peninsula H. Doc. 662, 56th Cong., 1st sess. and construction of the north jetty. (Annual Report, 1900, p. 1987). Mar. 2,1907 Construction of the south jetty and increase of chan- Specified in act. nel width to 100 ft. July 25,1912 Enlarging the channel to 20-foot depth and 300-foot H. Doc. 554, 62d Cong., 2d sess. width and extending the jetties. Mar. 4,1913 Modification of local cooperation requirements im- Specified in act. posed by the act of July 25, 1912. See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 365 Acts Work authorized Documents MIAMI HARBOR--continued Mar. 3,1925 A channel 25 feet deep with present project widths H. Doc. 516, 67th Cong., 4th sess. from the ocean to Biscayne Bay, thence 200 feet wide across the bay to but not including the mu- nicipal turning basin, and extension of both jetties. July 3,1930 A channel width of 300 feet across the bay and en- Rivers and Harbors Committee larging the municipal turning basin, with expendi- Doc. 15, 71st Cong., 2d sess. tures thereon limited to $200,000. Aug. 30, 1935 3 A depth of 30 feet from the ocean to and in the turning Senate committee print, 73d Cong., basin, with the existing authorized project widths, 2d sess including the 300-foot width in the channel across the bay Aug. 26,1937 Extending the turning basin 200 feet to the southward- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 86, 74th Cong., 2d sess. 2 Mar. 2,1945 The Virginia Key improvement---......--------------........... So. Doc. 251, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 2 Do-......_ For incorporation of the project for Miami River in H. Doc. 91, 79th Cong., 1st sess. that for Miami Harbor, the widening at the mouth of Miami River to existing project widths; the chan- nels from the mouth of Miami River to the turning basin and to Government Cut; and the channel from Miami River to the harbor of refuge, provided that local interests contribute one-third of the cost. 1War Department Appropriation Act approved July 14, 1932. 2 Contains latest published maps. 3 Included in the Public Works Administration program Jan. 3, 1934. Local cooperation. All work authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and subsequent maintenance, as and when required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. In addition, the provision of a channel from Miami River to the harbor of refuge is subject to the conditions that local interests contribute one-third of the initial cost of the channel, furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide and maintain suitable depths in the harbor of refuge and construct and maintain adequate mooring facilities therein, and agree that, at any time upon the approach of a hurricane or severe storm and specifically upon the request of the district engineer or his authorized representa- tive, the refuge basin will be open to all without charge until storm danger is past. On September 5, 1945, the Commission of the city of Miami, Fla., adopted a resolution agreeing to assume responsibility for compliance with the local cooperation requirements imposed in House Document No. 91, 79th Congress, 1st session, except those pertaining to the chan- nel from Miami River to the harbor of refuge in Palmer Lake. On May 9, 1946, that resolution was accepted by the Secretary of War as satisfactory assurance of partial compliance. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of 38 piers and wharves of which one is on Fisher Island, 5 are along the south side of MacArthur Causeway, 7 are on the west side of the Bay at Miami, and 25 are on Miami River. Seven of the facilities are open to the public for han- dling general cargo. Four of these, including three municipal piers on the west side of the Bay and a privately owned wharf near the east end of the MacArthur Causeway, can accommodate deep-draft vessels. The other 3 general cargo facilities are suitable for small vessels, and 366 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 include the Florida East Coast Railway wharf south of the municipal piers, and 2 privately owned wharves on Miami River. All of the general cargo wharves have highway and railway connections, except the causeway terminal, which has highway connections only. A mu- nicipal yacht anchorage and basin, and a municipal wharf are open to the public for recreational craft. Of the remaining piers and wharfs, 4 in the bay and 3 on Miami River are used for handling petroleum products, 17 are used in connection with ship repair activities, and 6 are used for mooring vessels or handling private freight. Three of these facilities have railway connections, and all have highway connections except a petroleum wharf on Fisher Island. In addition, numerous landing facilities in and around Miami, especially on Miami River, are designed for and used exclusively by recreational craft. The facilities are considered inadequate for the existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 16, revised 1947, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during the fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- tract dredging to restore project depth in the turning basin was accom- plished between November 17 and December 16, 1954. Dredge Hal- landale removed 88,917 cubic yards at a cost of $46,841. Hired labor maintenance of United States reservation and bank revetments throughout year cost $6,364. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $1,055. The total costs for the fiscal year were $54,260 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 49 percent completed. The main 30-foot entrance channel from the ocean to and including the turning basin was dredged progressively between August 1904 and March 1939. A land cut 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide was dredged across the peninsula to Biscayne Bay between Au- gust 1904, and October 1923; a channel 25 feet deep from the ocean to and including the former municipal turning basin at Miami (200 feet wide across the bay, and following the alinement of the former mu- nicipal channel) was dredged between July 1926, and December 1933, and was deepened to 30 feet, including widening the channel across the bay to 300 feet and enlarging the turning basin, between April 1934 and March 1939. A channel 15 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide along the land point at the mouth of Miami River for 1,400 feet, and thence northerly along the bay front for about 1,200 feet, and a channel in Miami River for 5.5 miles above its mouth, 15 feet deep under flood conditions and of project widths, were dredged between March 1932 and August 1933. The channels at the Dinner Key seaplane base were dredged between February and August 1933. These facilities are no longer used by aircraft, and the Dinner Key base was taken over by the city of Miami in 1947, converted to accom- modate pleasure boats, and is now known as the Dinner Key Marina. The 2 stone jetties at the entrance were constructed to the 18-foot con- tour between March 1904, and October 1908, extended 405 feet each in 1922, and extended to their present lengths between September 1926, and March 1929. The north jetty and revetment is 4,688 feet long, and the south jetty and revetment is 3,850 feet long. The south jetty, both revetments, and that part of the north jetty RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 367 landward of the low-tide shoreline in the ocean are in good condition. Seaward of the low-tide shoreline the north jetty is in fair condition; that section was damaged during the November 1935 hurricane. Pieces of granite dislodged from the upper part of the jetty now lie on the ocean bed beside the jetty. At several points in the jetty, the crest has been lowered to the plane of mean high tide. No sand en- croachment toward the channel has taken place through the lowered sections. When last surveyed, the controlling depths were as follows: Project dimen- Controlling depths, sions mean low water Name of channel Left Mid- Right Date surveyed out- chan- nel for out-- Width Depth side half side quar- project quar- ter width ter Main entrance: Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet From ocean through land cut and 500 to 30.0 --------........ 30.0 -...... May 1953. across Biscayne Bay. 300 Turning basin_------- ---------------- 1, 350 30. 0 30. 0 30. 9 30. 0 December 1954. Miami River: Biscayne Bay to South Fork, Miami 150 115 8. 4 12. 1 9. 1 June 1944. River. South Fork, Miami River to Tamiami 125 1 15 10. 4 13. 6 10. 8 Do. Canal. Tamiami Canal to 36th St. bridge .- - 90 1 15 ..-------. 6.9 ____-- Do. Dinner Key Airport: Approach channel _____________________ 700 6 5. 7 5. 7 5. 7 May 1940. Channel along easterly edge of wid- 50 8 8.0 8. 0 8. 0 1935. ening. 1 Under flood conditions. 2 This channel is not used by aircraft. It is now used as entrance channel to Dinner Key Marina. Break- water now lies across 700-foot channel at its junction with Turning Basin. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Widen the channel at the mouth of Miami River by 20 to 100 feet for 1,400 feet; widen the existing channel along the southerly end of Bay- front Park north of Miami River to 200 feet, and thence provide a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the turning basin in front of the municipal terminals; provide a channel 8 feet deep, 200 feet wide from the mouth of the river to the Intracoastal Waterway, and thence 100 feet wide to Government Cut; and provide a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Miami River to a harbor of refuge in Palmer Lake. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular _______....--------....-------------------...... -- ...... $5, 016, 248 $1, 634, 083 $6, 650, 331 Public Works...-----...--....--...--...........-------------------------.. 2, 202, 126 ---------------- 2, 202, 126 Total --------------------------------------- 7, 218, 374 1, 634, 083 8, 852, 457 363037-55-vol. 2 24 368 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------........-------------$268 ...-----------...........-----------............------------ $7,218,374 Cost -$39 --------------------------------- 7,218,374 Maintenance: Appropriated- -- - 13, 539 14, 600 $12, 500 $11, 950 $53, 953 1,634,084 Cost----------------- 12, 847 14, 780 11, 691 12, 402 154, 934 1,634, 165 1 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by -$674 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional 'amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------- __ 2 $160, 000 2 In addition $23,000 to be contributed by local interests. 7. OKEECHOBEE WATERWAY, FLA. Location. Caloosahatchee River has its source in Lake Okeechobee and flows generally southwesterly, emptying into the Gulf of Mexico through San Carlos Bay, about 30 miles south of the entrance to Charlotte Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 473, 1247, 1255, and 1289.) Lake Okeechobee is a large, fresh-water lake in south central Florida. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1289.) St. Lucie Canal was constructed by the Everglades Drainage Dis- trict as a control canal for Lake Okeechobee. It begins at about the middle of the east shore of Lake Okeechobee, and empties into the south fork of the St. Lucie River at St. Lucie lock. The length of the canal is 23.9 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1289.) St. Lucie River, South Fork, flows north from the entrance of the St. Lucie Canal about 7.4 miles to Stuart, where it joins North Fork to form the St. Lucie River, thence east, southeast, and east about 7.7 miles, emptying into the Indian River opposite St. Lucie Inlet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1247 and 1289.) Taylor Creek is formed by several small streams in central Okeecho- bee County, and flows generally southeasterly, emptying into Lake Okeechobee at its most northerly extremity. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1289.) (For description of above waterways see p. 705, Annual Report for 1932.) Previous projects. Original projects for Caloosahatchee River below and above Fort Myers were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882, and August 11, 1888, respectively. The next proj- ect was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved June 25, 1910, which authorized the present project depths in Caloosahatchee River from Fort Myers to the Gulf of Mexico, with a turning basin at Fort Myers, and was modified by the River and Harbor Acts approved RIVERS AND HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 369 July 3, 1930, and August 30, 1935, under the title "Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Florida," to provide, among other things, for a navigable channel across the State and for control of Lake Okeechobee, including construction of locks at Ortona and Moore Haven. For further details see page 1828, Annual Report for 1915; page 707, Annual Report for 1932; pages 878-888, Annual Report for 1948; and pages 785 and 831, Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. This provides for: (a) Replacing old locks Nos. 1 and 2. St. Lucie Canal, by a single new lock with a usable width of 50 feet, a usable length of 250 feet, a depth of not less than 8 feet over the sills, and a new weir structure; (b) a channel 8 feet deep from Fort Myers to the Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart, with widths of 90 feet from Fort Myers to Moore Haven, thence 80 feet along the southerly shore of the lake to the hurricane gate at Clewiston, thence 100 feet across Lake Okeechobee to and in the St. Lucie Canal to St. Lucie lock, and thence 80 feet to the Intracoastal Waterway; (c) a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the project turning basin to the existing municipal yacht basin at Fort Myers; and (d) under maintenance, the operation and care of St. Lucie lock. The project also includes maintenance of features completed under previous projects as follows: (a) A channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico to Punta Rasa, about 3.8 miles, thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Fort Myers (Edison Memorial Bridge), about 16.3 miles, with a turning basin at that point; (b) a channel in Taylor Creek 6 feet deep when the lake is at elevation 12.56 mean sea level, and 60 feet wide from the town of Okeechobee into the lake, 4 miles; (c) a navigation channel 6 feet deep and 80 feet wide following in general the south shore of Lake Okeechobee from Clewis- ton to the St. Lucie Canal, 36.7 miles; and (d) the operation and care of the Moore Haven and Ortona locks. The total length of the waterway from the Gulf of Mexico to the Intracoastal Waterway is about 154.6 miles via the channel across Lake Okeechobee, or about 165.3 miles via the channel along the south shore of the lake. On July 1, 1947, mean sea level datum, which is 1.44 feet above the Lake Okeechobee datum previously used between the St. Lucie and Ortona locks, was adopted for use throughout the project. Project depths are based on minimum water elevations referred to mean sea level, as follows: Feet St. Lucie River, Indian River (Intracoastal Waterway) to St. Lucie Lock_--0. 49 St. Lucie Canal and Lake Okeechobee, St. Lucie Lock to Moore Haven Lock- 13. 00 Caloosahatchee Canal, Moore Haven Lock to Ortona Lock______________ 10. 06 Caloosahatchee River, Ortona Lock to the Gulf of Mexico -------------- 0. 88 The following table shows the principal features of the locks and dams (spillways are maintained under the flood control project for Central and Southern Florida). 370 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Caloosahatchee Canal St. Lucie Canal-St. Lucie Lock 1 and Dam Moore Haven Lock 2 Ortona Lock and Dam Distance from Lake Okeechobee_ 23.9 miles _--... 15.5 miles. 0-------------.................. Nearest town (Florida) -... .- Stuart, 8 miles .-..... Moore Haven, 0.75 mile La Belle, 8 miles. Lock dimensions 3 -_ _- 50 x 250 feet . -. ..- 50 x 250 feet - ----.... 50 x 250 feet. Lift with minimum water ele- 13 feet_ 2.5 feet - -------- ----- 11.5 feet. vations. Depth over sills: Upper_---__ - - - 13.8 feet 10 feet - - 12 feet. Lower_- -- 12.2 feet - 11 feet -- 11 feet. Character of foundation ........ Pile _ -_ Pile -- Pile. Kind of dam-..... _ Movable .--- None - - - - - - - - Movable. Type of construction: Lock_ - Concrete and steel Concrete and steel Concrete and steel sheet piling. sheet piling. sheet piling. D am Concrete, tainter-gate _-_-------------------- Concrete, tainter-gate controlled. controlled. Date of completion - -------- (4) 1935__-- - _ _- 1937. Actual cost------------ $2,019,335 5-- -. $556,850_ .--_- $856,905. 1 Old lock No. 2, constructed by Everglades Drainage District, is adjacent to the new lock and serves as an auxiliary. This lock is 30 by 130 feet in the clear, with a limiting depth of 6 feet on the lower sill. 2 Combined hurricane gate and lock. 3 Width of chamber and greatest length available for full width. 4 Substantially completed in 1943 except for the installation of the tainter gates in the dam in 1950. 5 Includes $79,474 for removing old lock No. 1. The mean range of tide at Punta Rasa is 1.7 feet and at Fort Myers, 0.7 foot. The extreme range is about 4.5 feet at Punta Rasa and about 2 feet at Fort Myers. At low-river stage, tidal influence is perceptible at the Ortona lock, 57.3 miles above Punta Rasa. The mean range of tide at St. Lucie Inlet is 2.6 feet and the extreme range, about 4.5 feet. Tidal effect is perceptible to St. Lucie lock, 15.1 miles. Lake Okeechobee is maintained, so far as possible, between elevations 13 and 15 feet, mean sea level. The estimate of Federal cost for new work, approved in 1934, excluding amounts expended on previous projects, is $3,804,000. The current annual maintenance estimate is $140,000. The Stuart basin portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the fore- going cost estimate. The cost of this portion was estimated to be $5,000 in 1954. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 For construction of a new lock and weir structure in Rivers and Harbors Committee St. Lucie Canal. Doc. 28, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 For deepening to 8 feet, with present widths, from H. Doc. 696, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Fort Myers to the Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart via the existing channel along the southerly shore of the Lake to Clewiston and a channel across to Lake Okeechobee. 1 Do ...... For a channel from the project turning basin to the H. Doc. 736, 79th Cong., 2d sess. municipal yacht 3 basin at Fort Myers; (and for a basin at Stuart. ) (2) Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act of June 26, 1934. 3 Deferred. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 371 Local cooperation. All work authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas when and as required for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The provision of a channel from the project turning basin to the municipal yacht basin at Fort Myers is subject to the additional requirements that local interests provide, maintain, and operate adequate mooring and servicing facilities open to all on equal and reasonable terms, and make additional improvements to protect the Fort Myers yacht basin from wave action. A resolution adopted November 10, 1945, by the Board of Com- missioners of the Okeechobee Flood Control District (an agency created by the State of Florida to comply with the requirements imposed by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930) agreeing to comply with the requirements of local cooperation imposed in refer- ence to deepening the waterway to 8 feet between Fort Myers and the Intracoastal Waterway (H. Doc. 696, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) was ac- cepted by the Chief of Engineers on February 18, 1946, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. All lands and spoil-disposal areas required for the initial work of deepening the waterway to 8 feet have been furnished. On July 28, 1949, the Okeechobee Flood Control District adopted two resolutions transferring the agreements, commitments, and assets of the Okeechobee Flood Control District to the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District. On July 14, 1949, the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District adopted a resolution accepting the assets of the Okeechobee Flood Control Dis- trict and assuming its agreements and commitments as of midnight July 31, 1949. On November 25, 1949, the Chief of Engineers author- ized the Jacksonville district engineer to notify both districts that the subject transfer was satisfactory to the Corps of Engineers. A resolution adopted November 17, 1949, by the City Council of Fort Myers, agreeing to comply fully with all the requirements in connection with the side channel at Fort Myers as set forth in House Document 736, 79th Congress, 2d session, was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on January 23, 1950, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In the vicinity of Fort Myers on the Caloosa- hatchee River, these consist of 3 freight piers, 1 railroad terminal pier, 1 municipal recreation pier, 4 privately owned piers, and a municipal yacht basin. A mooring basin has been provided at La Belle. There are numerous small wooden-pile landings along the upper Caloosahatchee River, along the lake shore, on St. Lucie Canal, and on St. Lucie River, including one railroad terminal pier, a munici- pal pier, and a pier for handling petroleum products at Stuart. A marginal wharf 30 feet long and other limited facilities with highway and railway connections are available on Taylor Creek at the town of Okeechobee. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. 372 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Payment was made for dredging accomplished in prior fiscal year in removal of shoals from St. Lucie River at a cost of $6,449. Removal of shoals from St. Lucie River between St. Lucie lock and the Intracoastal Waterway was accomplished by contract, February 20 to March 15, 1955. Dredge Green Dragon removed 10,256 cubic yards of material, February 20 to March 15; dredge Admiral removed 22,779 cubic yards of material, March 1 to 11, 1955-all at a cost of $19,627. Re- moval of floating and submerged snags and obstructions by hired labor cost $929. Hired labor surveys, inspections, and reports cost $6,070. Operating and care: Moore Haven and Ortona locks on the Caloosa- hatchee River and St. Lucie lock on the St. Lucie Canal were operated and maintained by hired labor throughout the year at a cost of $100,375, including hired labor dewatering and repairs, and contract sandblasting and painting of Moore Haven lock, at a cost of $9,940 and $21,168, respectively. The total costs of all work for the fiscal year were $33,075 for main- tenance and $100,375 for operation and care, a total of $133,450. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 100 percent complete. Construction of St. Lucie lock and spillway at the lower end of St. Lucie Canal near Stuart was begun in August 1939 and completed in June 1943 except for installation of tainter gates in the spillway, which was completed in March 1950. An auxiliary lock gate has been installed in the upstream end of old lock No. 2, which was constructed by the Everglades Drainage District, and lies adjacent to and supplements the new lock. Dredging to deepen the waterway to 8 feet between Fort Myers and the Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart, with overdepth in St. Lucie Canal, was begun in June 1948, and completed August 9, 1950, with dredging to provide a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide to connect the project turning basin at Fort Myers with the municipal yacht basin. Features completed under the previous project and maintained under the existing project are as follows: A channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico to Punta Rasa, and thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Fort Myers, with a turning basin at that locality, January 1911 to January 1913; the improved Caloosa- hatchee Canal and River channel from Moore Haven to Fort Myers, 56.5 miles, providing a floodway and navigation channel at least 7 feet deep and 90 feet wide, and with a discharge-outlet capacity of 2,500 cubic feet per second from Lake Okeechobee, February 1931 to June 1937; a channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide in St. Lucie River between Palm City bridge and St. Lucie lock, about 2.8 miles, Sep- tember to December 1931; a channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide in Taylor Creek from the town of Okeechobee to Lake Okeechobee, about 4 miles, July 1936 to March 1938; 58.3 miles of navigation channel from Moore Haven lock to St. Lucie Canal, generally 8 feet or more deep with a minimum width of 80 feet, following in general the south shore of the lake, January 1932 to March 1936; a lock at Ortona, and a combined lock and hurricane gate at Moore Haven, November 1934 to June 1943. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 373 For work constructed under previous projects and now maintained under the flood control project for central and southern Florida, see paragraph "Existing project," central and southern Florida. For information relative to the St. Lucie, Moore Haven, and Ortona locks, see table in the paragraph "Existing project." Depths in excess of 8 feet exist in the St. Lucie Canal and in the channel following in general the south shore of Lake Okeechobee. St. Lucie Canal was constructed 8 feet deep and 150 to 165 feet wide by the Everglades Drainage District between 1916 and 1928 as a control canal for Lake Okeechobee. The controlling depths when last surveyed were as fol- lows: Gulf of Mexico to Punta Rasa, 12 feet for a width of 200 feet in August 1950; Punta Rasa to Fort Myers, 10 feet for a width of 100 feet in August 1950; Fort Myers to Ortona lock, 8 feet for a width of 90 feet in August 1950; Ortona lock to Lake Okeechobee at Moore Haven, 8 feet for a width of 90 feet in April 1949; Lake Okeechobee from Moore Haven to St. Lucie Canal via south-shore channel, 9 feet for a width of 50 feet in April 1949; via Liberty Point floodway channel and open lake, 5 feet for a width of 60 feet in April 1950; via Clewiston approach channel, 8 feet for a width of 100 feet in March 1950; Lake Okeechobee to St. Lucie lock, 9 feet for a width of 80 feet in November 1949; St. Lucie River from the lock to Intra- coastal Waterway near Stuart, 8 feet for a width of 80 feet in March 1950; and Taylor Creek from the town of Okeechobee to Lake Okee- chobee, 6 feet for a width of 60 feet in February 1949. The present controlling channel width of 80 feet is reduced to 50 feet at locks and at 19 localities by bridges. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $3,803,447 for new work, $448,877 for maintenance, and $937,164 for operation and care, a total of $5,189,488. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 2 New work: Appropriated ...-------- -- $48, 830 -$20, 025, 723 Cost.----------------- 25, 683 ------- ------------ ------------ ------------ 20, 025, 723 Maintenance: Appropriated -.... .. 62, 000 $131, 396 $134, 305 $119, 500 $156, 100 8, 929, 575 Cost--.. 172, 347 136, 269 135, 805 122, 212 3 137, 026 8, 968, 886 1 Includes $16,222,275 for new work and $7,581,150 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $500,000 for new work and $1,000 for maintenance were expended on previous projects from contributed funds. 3 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by +$3,576 pending adjustment. 8. INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, CALOOSAHATCHEE RIVER TO ANCLOTE RIVER, FLA. Location. The waterway extends from the mouth of the Caloosa- hatchee River at Punta Rasa, Fla., to the mouth of Anclote River, Fla., following in general an almost continuous series of protected inside waterways along the gulf coast of Florida. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1255-1257.) 374 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Previous projects. Adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: For the improvement of the inside passage from Punta Rasa to Charlotte Harbor (Pine Island Sound), act of June 13, 1902; for Caseys Pass (Venice Inlet), act of August 30, 1935; for Sarasota Bay (including Little Sarasota Bay), acts of September 19, 1890, June 3, 1896, March 2, 1907, March 2, 1919, and August 26, 1937; and for channel from Clearwater Harbor through Boca Ciega Bay to Tampa Bay, acts of June 25, 1910, and March 2, 1919. For further details see page 291, Annual Report for 1904; page 776, Annual Report for 1918; page 662, Annual Report for 1938; pages 720, 724-725, and 733-734, Annual Report for 1940; pages 692-694, Annual Report for 1941; and page 767, Annual Report for 1945. Existing project. This provides for improvement of the section of the Intracoastal Waterway from the Caloosahatchee River, Fla., to Anclote River, Fla., to a depth of 9 feet at mean low water and a width of 100 feet, including deepening the existing 100-foot-wide entrance channel at Caseys Pass (Venice Inlet); and for the con- struction of a highway bridge over the land cut at Venice, the opera- tion and maintenance of the bridge to be assumed by local interests. In the area between Venice and Lemon Bay, the Secretary of the Army, acting through the Chief of Engineers, is authorized to use the original or 1 of 3 designated alternative routes or route C-1. Two parallel jetties 300 feet apart, each 659.4 feet long and con- sisting of 19 steel-sheet-pile cylinders connected by steel-sheet-pile curtain walls, together with the wood-sheet-pile bulkhead extensions and riprap shore revetments, were constructed at the Caseys Pass entrance under a previous project and are maintained under the exist- ing project. The waterway will include the existing improved chan- nels in Pine Island Sound from Punta Rasa to Charlotte Harbor, in Little Sarasota Bay and Sarasota Bay from Nokomis to Tampa Bay, through the entrance from the Gulf of Mexico at Caseys Pass (Venice Inlet), and in Boca Ciega Bay from Clearwater Harbor to Tampa Bay. On November 4, 1949, the Secretary of the Army ten- tatively approved a modification of the route between Caseys Pass and Lemon Bay to provide a channel through Venice approximately paralleling Park Boulevard. The total length of the waterway is 147.8 miles; the length of the entrance channel at Caseys Pass is 0.67 mile. The mean ranges of tide are 1.7 feet at Punta Rasa, 1 foot at Port Boca Grande, 1.4 feet in Tampa Bay at Anna Maria, and 2 feet at the entrance to Anclote River. The extreme ranges are about 4.5 feet at Punta Rasa, about 3 to 4 feet between Port Boca Grande and Corey Causeway over Boca Ciega Bay, and about 5.5 feet at the entrance to Anclote River. South- erly winds over the area generally raise the water level by 1 to 1.5 feet; northerly winds lower the water level by 1 to 2 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1955, is $6,580,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The current annual maintenance estimate is $13,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 375 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1945 The 9- by 100-feet channel, deepening the existing H. Doc. 371, 76th Cong., 1st sess. channel through Caseys Pass to 9 feet; and con- (contains the latest published struction of a highway bridge at Venice, operation maps). and maintenance to be assumed by local interests. June 30, 1948 Use of the original or 1 of 3 designated alternative Specified in act. routes between Caseys Pass and Lemon Bay, provided that the cost to the United States shall not exceed the cost of the original route. May 17,1950 Use of such previously authorized routes or any other Do. 1 route in the Venice and Lemon Bay area as may be deemed feasible by the Chief of Engineers and approved by the Secretary of the Army. Sept. 3,1954 Use of alternate route C-1 in the Venice and Lemon Do. Bay area as designated in plans of the Corps of Engineers, subject to Chief of Engineers reporting his recommendations to Congress as to the fair amount of local contribution in the light of changed condition. Local cooperation. The act which adopted the project imposed the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages result- ing from the improvement; and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will assume maintenance and operation of the highway bridge to be constructed near Venice. The West Coast Inland Navigation District, a special taxing district created by the Florida State Legislature in 1947 to comply with requirements of local cooperation, adopted a resolution on July 28, 1947, furnishing assur- ances of compliance. That resolution was approved by the division engineer on September 19, 1947, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. Upon request, the district engineer furnished the West Coast Inland Navigation District maps showing the spoil areas and rights-of-way to be acquired for the sections of the waterway from Tampa Bay to Anclote River and from Caloosahatchee River to Tampa Bay on May 7 and July 15, 1948, respectively. The navigation district has indicated that it is ready to take immediate action toward procure- ment of lands required for rights-of-way and spoil disposal upon request of the district engineer. On April 13, 1950, the West Coast Inland Navigation District adopted a resolution obligating itself to pay $59,770, representing the estimated excess cost for constructing the Park Boulevard route over that of the original route. That resolu- tion was forwarded to the Chief of Engineers on May 5, 1950. The 1954 act which authorized use of C-1 route directs the Chief of Engineers to report to Congress prior to request for appropriation to construct this part of the project, his recommendation as to the fair amount of local contribution in the light of changed condition. Provi- sion as to local contribution based on these recommendations shall become effective when approved by the Public Works Committees of the Senate and House of Representatives. 376 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Terminal facilities. These consist of 1 phosphate-loading wharf at Port Boca Grande; 1 municipal concrete pier, 1 railway pier, 1 freight wharf, 1 marginal wharf 500 feet long on the terminal island, and 10 privately owned landings, all at Sarasota; 6 wharves along Boca Ciega Bay; and a number of small, privately owned piers and wharves at various points along the waterway for use of commercial fishing boats and recreational craft. The municipal pier and the freight wharf at Sarasota are open to the public. The railway pier at Sara- sota is used mainly for storing Pullman cars. All other piers have highway connections only. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Hired labor inspections, reports, and preliminary planning for repairs to Caseys Pass bulkheads and jetties in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was completed at a cost of $1,446; repairs by contract to bulkheads and south jetty were begun August 31, 1954 and completed October 30, 1954. Work performed was 1,032 lineal feet of bulkhead repaired, and 2,650 tons of filter and foundation blanket stone, 2,016 tons of riprap stone and 650 tons of jetty stone placed, at a cost of $59,401. The total costs for the fiscal year were $60,847 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 3 percent completed. Work has been limited to completion of about 28 percent of the required detail planning. Under previous projects, channels, following in general the alinement of the project waterway, have been dredged and jetties constructed as follows: Work Depth Width Length Dates Feet Feet Miles Channel from Punta Rasa through Pine Island 7 100 26 April to October Sound to Charlotte Harbor. 1903. Channel in Little Sarasota Bay from Nokomis to 4 50-75 18 1898 to June 1927. Sarasota. Channel in Sarasota Bay from Sarasota to Tampa 7 100 38 October 1891 to Bay. July 1939. Entrance channel from the Gulf of Mexico at Caseys 8 100 0. 67 June to October Pass (Venice Inlet). 1937. Two jetties, each 659.4 feet long and with bulkhead .-- February to July extensions at Caseys Pass (maintained under the 1937. existing project). Channel from Tampa Bay to Boca Ciega Bay _ 8 100 1.25 January to July 1920. Channel through lower Boca Ciega Bay to Blind 7 100 7. 75 August 1911 to Pass. March 1912. Channel from Blind Pass to Clearwater Harbor .... 5 50 17 November 1910 to April 1915. When last surveyed the controlling depths in midchannel for one- half of former project widths were as follows: From Punta Rasa through Pine Island Sound to Charlotte Harbor, 6 feet in February 1940; Little Sarasota Bay from Nokomis to Sarasota, 3 feet, and thence in Sarasota Bay to Tampa Bay, 7 feet in November 1945; entrance channel from the Gulf of Mexico at Caseys Pass (Venice Inlet), 7.6 feet in December 1951; a channel between Tampa and Boca Ciega Bays, 8 feet and thence through lower Boca Ciega Bay to Blind RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 377 Pass, 7.1 feet, in November 1939; and from Blind Pass to Clearwater Harbor, 5 feet in April 1940. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $167,364 for new work and $105,046 for main- tenance, a total of $272,410. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June -30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated--------...........------------ -$744 _--_----- - $682, 844 Cost_----------------- __....... --------.--------.--- $432 ------... 682, 844 Maintenance: Appropriated.....-------------------............ 2, 300 $3, 954 $73, 200 -$8, 574 555, 791 Cost___---------------------------- 1, 687 4, 522 3, 792 2 60, 882 555, 794 1 Includes $515,479 for new work and $450,749 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by -$35 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project ----------------- $6, 412, 600 9. TAMPA HARBOR, FLA. Location. This harbor is a large natural indentation of the Gulf of Mexico about midway of the western coast of the peninsula of Florida. The entrance is about 220 miles north of Key West, about 330 miles from Pensacola, 360 miles from Mobile, and 512 miles from New Orleans. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 586, 587, and 1257.) Previous projects. Adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: For Tampa Bay, acts of June 14, 1880, and August 11, 1888; for Tampa and Hillsboro Bays, acts of June 14, 1880, March 3, 1899, and March 3, 1905; for Hillsboro River, act of June 14, 1880. For further details see pages 1829 and 1831 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 665, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for: (a) Channels from the Gulf of Mexico through Tampa and Hillsboro Bays and upper Tampa Harbor to the city of Tampa, and through Tampa Bay to Port Tampa, 36 feet deep and 600 feet wide in Egmont Channel, thence 34 feet deep with widths of 500 feet in Mullet Key Cut, 400 feet in Tampa Bay, Hillsboro Bay, Port Tampa, and Sparkman Channels, and 30 feet deep with widths of 500 feet inYbor Channel and 300 feet inSeddon and Garrison Channels; (b) widening the bend between Sparkman Channel and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel by 250 feet; (c) a turning basin 30 feet deep at the mouth of Hillsboro River (west end of Garrison Channel), involving cutting back the northwest corner of Seddon Island by 150 feet; (d) a turning basin 34 feet deep at the entrance to Ybor Channel, including widening the bend between Sparkman and Garrison Channels by cutting back the northeast corner of Seddon Island (to about 950 feet from the point of intersection of the edges of the two channels) and cutting off the resulting corners; (e) a turning basin at the entrance to the Port Tampa terminals, 34 378 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 feet deep, 2,000 feet long, and 750 feet wide; (f) maintenance of a channel dredged in Hillsboro River under a previous project, 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 2,400 feet long, from the turning basin at the mouth to a point 100 feet south of the Lafayette Street Bridge, and provision of a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, thence to a point 2,000 feet upstream from the Columbus Drive (formerly Michigan Ave.) Bridge, with removal of snags, wrecks, and piling, thence to the City Water Works Dam (the reach between Florida Avenue Bridge and City Water Works Dam to be maintained by local inter- ests) ; (g) a channel 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the ship channel in Hillsboro Bay to and including the existing turning basin in the Alafia River, to be enlarged to a depth of 30 feet, a width of 700 feet, and a length of 1,200 feet; (h) construction of a breakwater of dredged material at Peter O. Knight Field, Davis Islands, about 2,000 feet long and partially inclosing a landing basin for seaplanes (maintenance to be assumed by local interests). The length of the section included in the existing project is about 66.4 miles, including about 10.0 miles in the Hillsboro River and about 3.6 miles in the Alafia River Channel. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean range of tide is 1.3 feet at the lower end of the bay, 1.6 feet at Port Tampa, and 1.8 feet at Tampa. The extreme range is about 3.8 feet at the lower end of the bay and 4.8 feet at Tampa. Strong southwesterly winds raise the water level about 1.5 feet. Strong northerly winds, which usually occur in winter, lower the water level about 2 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1955, is $21,200,000 excluding amounts.expended on previous projects. The current an- nual maintenance estimate, excluding the breakwater at Peter O. Knight Field, is $65,200. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents TAMPA BAY Mar. 3,1899 For a channel 27 feet deep from the Gulf of Mexico to H. Doc. 52, 55th Cong., 3d sess. Port Tampa, 500 feet wide across the bar and 300 (also printed in Annual Report feet wide in the bay. 1899, p. 1640). Channel dimen- sions specified in act. Mar. 3,1905 For a channel depth of 26 feet with sufficient width Specified in act. from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Tampa. TAMPA AND HILLSBORO BAYS June 25, 1910 For a depth of 24 feet in Hillsboro Bay-_ --------. H. Do. 634, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 For a 27-feet depth from Gulf of Mexico up to and in H. Doec. 1345, 64th Cong., 1st sess. the several channels of Hillsboro Bay, the widths to be 500 feet on the bar, 300 feet in Tampa Bay, Ybor and Garrison Channels, and 200 feet in Hills- boro Bay, Sparkman and Seddon Channels, with turning basins at the mouth of Hillsboro River and at Ybor Estuary. HILLSBORO RIVER Mar. 3, 1899 For a 12-foot channel to within 100 feet of the Lafayette H. Doc. 545, 55th Cong., 2d sess., St. highway bridge (maintenance only; new work and Annual Report for 1898, pp. completed under a previous project under the title 1357-1360. "Improving Hillsboro Bay, Fla." ) RIVERS AND HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 379 Acts Work authorized Documents TAMPA HARBOR Sept. 22, 1922 Consolidation of the above projects to form a single Specified in act. project for Tampa Harbor. July 3, 1930 Increasing the depth of Egmont Channel to 29 feet H. Doc. 100, 70th Cong., 1st sess. and the width of Sparkman Channel to 300 feet. Aug. 30, 19351 For a depth of 32 feet and a width of 600 feet on Egmont S. Doe. 22, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Bar, a depth of 30 feet and a width of 400 feet in Mullet Key Cut, and a depth of 30 feet and a width of 300 feet in all other project channels in Tampa Harbor (except in Hillsboro River and in the chan- nel leading to Alafia River); and for a turning basin 2,000 feet long and 500 feet in maximum width at the entrance to the Port Tampa terminals. June 20, 1938 For widening the bend between Sparkman Channel S. Doc. 164, 75th Cong., 3d sess. and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Chapiel :by 250 feet; widening Ybor Channel to 400 feet and-extending the turning basin at the west end of Garrison Chan- nel (mouth of Hillsboro River) easterly for 300 feet. Do_ _._ For construction of a breakwater at Peter O. Knight Senate Committee 2 Print, 76th Field, Davis Islands, its maintenance to be assumed Cong., 1st sess. by local interests. Mar. 2, 1945 For widening Sparkman Channel to 400 feet and Ybor S. Doc. 183, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Channel to 500 feet; widening the bend between Sparkman and Garrison Channels and additional 250 feet to extend the turning basin westerly; and widening the bend between Seddon and Garrison Channels by 150 feet (in lieu of 300 feet previously authorized) to extend the turning basin easterly. Do .... For a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the H. Doe. 119, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Hillsboro River for about 2.4 miles above the upper end of the existing 12-feet channel, and for the removal of obstructions thence to the Florida Avenue Bridge. Do .... For a channel 25 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the S. Doc. 16, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Hillsboro Bay Channel to and including a turning basin in the Alafia River. (Revoked by act of May 17, 1950.) 2 May 17, 1950 For deepening Egmont Channel to 36 feet; enlarging H. Doe. 258, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Mullet Key Cut, Tampa Bay Channel, Hillsboro Bay Channel, Port 2Tmpa Channel and,Port Tampa turning basin to present project dimensions; deepening Sparkman Channel and Ybor turning basin to 34 feet; a channel 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide from Hillsboro Bay Channel to and including a turning basin in Alafia River, 700 feet wide and 1,200 feet long (in lieu of the improvement previously authorized); and substantial widening at entrance, bends, and turns. Sept. 3, 1954 Extended removal of obstructions in Hillsboro River H. Doc. 567, 81st Cong., 2d sess.2 to City Water Works Dam. Maintenance of cleared channel to be assumed by local interests. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, September 6, 1933. 2 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, (S. Doc. 164, 75th Cong., 3d sess.), authorized widening the bend between Sparkman Channel and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel by 250 feet, widening Ybor Channel from 300 to 400 feet, and extending the turning basin at the west end of Garrison Channel easterly for 300 feet, subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil- disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as re- quired, and move and reconstruct all bulkheads, wharves, buildings, roads, railroad tracks, and all other structures as may be necessary. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, authorized the further widening of Ybor Channel to 500 feet, widening Sparkman Channel to 400 feet, widening the bend between Garrison and Sparkman Chan- nels, and reducing the widening between Seddon and Garrison Chan- nels from 300 to 150 feet (S. Doc. 183, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), subject 380 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 to the conditions that the city of Tampa agree to commence and com- plete promptly, the construction of the beltline railroad and the paving of streets on the north and east sides of Ybor Channel (first required by River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, and complied with as regards the west side of the channel) when necessary in the judgment of the Secretary of War; and provided further, that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands required for the provision of the improvements and for the disposal of dredged mate- rial during construction, and for subsequent maintenance as and when required, and construct such bulkheads and retaining walls, and strengthen or move adjacent structures, as may be required to safe- guard both the channels and the adjacent lands and structures, all in a manner satisfactory to and approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of War, and agree to hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. In 1945 the Florida Legislature adopted a bill creating the Hills- borough County Port Authority as the governing body and authority of the area defined in the act as Hillsborough County Port District, comprising approximately the northwest quarter and part of the southwest quarter of Hillsborough County. It includes all channel and terminal areas of Tampa and Port Tampa, but excludes the Alfafia River and the relatively undeveloped area east of the upper harbor. On September 9, 1949, the Hillsborough County Port Au- thority adopted a resolution agreeing to comply with all conditions imposed in Senate Document 164, 75th Congress, 3d session. On October 11, 1949, the port authority adopted a resolution agreeing to, and assuming full responsibility for compliance with, the require- ments as set forth in Senate Document 183, 78th Congress, 2d session, except any requirement to extend the trackage of the municipal belt- line railroad (extension not now required in accordance with the pro- visions of the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950), but specifically including the obligation in res,pect to the portion thereof already com- pleted. The Chief of Engineers accepted those resolutions on No- vember 21, and December 28, 1949, respectively, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. The port authority has furnished, or caused to be furnished, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas required for new work provided for in those documents. All streets on the west side of Ybor Channel have been paved, and the through streets on the north and east sides have been paved. In addi- tion, the port authority has furnished evidence satisfactory to the district engineer that the United States will be held harmless in the event of sloughing of banks as a result of dredging. The width of Ybor Channel has been restricted to a minimum of 480 feet at some localities to make unnecessary the construction of bulkheads and re- taining walls and the strengthening or moving of structures. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized certain improvements in Hillsboro River (H. Doc. 119, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the Unitied States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subsequent mainte- nance when and as required; agree to make at their expense neces- sary alterations to structures crossing the river; and hold and save RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 381 the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The Hillsborough County Port Authority has indi- cated that it will comply with these requirements when it becomes evident that funds will be made available. The work authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950, is subject to the conditions that for new work responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works; (c) construct such bulkheads and retaining works, and strengthen or move adjacent structures as may be required, prior to dredging, to safeguard the channels, basins, and adjacent lands and structures, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers; (d) pro- vide, prior to or concurrently with the Federal improvement, addi- tional or enlarged slips and berthing space with necessary terminal facilities at Port Tampa in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers; (e) open existing terminal facilities in Alafia River to all at the same rates and charges that apply to other Tampa Harbor terminals and expand those facilities as and when required to meet the needs of commerce; and (f) open the terminal facilities at Tampa Harbor to all on equal terms. The project document further provides: (1) that the existing conditions of local cooperation whereby approval of wharfage charges by the Secretary of War is required (River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917), be revoked; (2) that the requirements pertaining to the municipal beltline railroad imposed by the River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917 (H. Doc. 1345, 64th Cong., 1st sess.) and by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (S. Doc. 183, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) be modified so as to require no further extension of trackage with the understanding that the city's obligation with respect to the completed portion shall remain in force until relieved by the Chief of Engineers. The River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, authorized additional improvement in Hillsboro River (H. Doc. 567, 81st Cong., 2d sess.), subject to the con- dition that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (b) provide at their own expense all necessary alterations to structures and utilities; (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (d) maintain the cleared channel after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. TIillsborough County Port Authority is preparing assurances of compliance with all requirements of local cooperation imposed by the River and Harbor Acts of 1945, 1950, and 1954, for improvement of Hillsboro River, all main channels of Tampa Bay and Port Tampa, and Alafia River. Despite the fact that the latter is not in the port district area, the Authority has accepted representation of all inter- ests for Federal improvement of Tampa Harbor project. All other and prior requirements have been met. 382 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Terminal facilities. There are 57 piers and wharves at Tampa, including 14 on Hillsboro River at Tampa, 28 other piers within the Tampa City limits, 1 at East Tampa, 13 on the slip at Port Tampa, and 1 on Old Tampa Bay at Rattlesnake, Fla. Those on Hillsboro River are suitable for small vessels drawing up to 11 feet; all others are used by deep-draft vessels. The municipal terminals are on Ybor Channel and consist of a slip 778 feet long, 250 feet wide, with a wharf on either side, one of which has a steel-frame transit shed. The city of Tampa also owns a shore wharf on Hillsboro River and another on Garrison Channel. Forty-eight of the facilities, including the munic- ipal slip, have railway connections, and all have highway connections. The municipal terminals, 1 city wharf, and 10 private terminals are open to the public. The piers and wharves on the various channels are used principally as follows: 39 for general cargo and private com- modities, 10 for mooring or berthing vessels at shipyards, and 3 for various, industrial purposes; 5 are not in use. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for the existing commerce except at Port Tampa. (See Port Series No. 17, revised 1947, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: U. S. Hopper dredge Hyde removed 54,030 cubic yards of material, bin measurement, from spot shoals in upper harbor channels, July 1-19, and 29-31, 1954, at a cost of $90,256. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $134. The total cost for the fiscal year was $90,390 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 48 percent completed. Dredging was begun in August 1899 to provide a channel 24 feet deep and of sufficient width from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Tampa, and in November 1910, to provide a chan- nel of the same depth in Hillsboro Bay to Tampa. Dredging has been continued intermittently to secure greater depths and widths as authorized from time to time. Egmont Channel, 29 feet deep and 500 feet wide was completed in July 1931, and channels 30 feet deep, 400 feet wide at Mullet Key Cut and Tampa Bay Channel Cut A, 300 feet wide thence to and including the Port Tampa Channel, Hills- boro Bay Channel, Seddon Channel, Sparkman Channel, Ybor Chan- nel, and 275 feet wide in Garrison Channel were completed in June 1936. Egmont Relocation Channel, to replace the old channel aline- ment on Egmont Bar, was dredged 32 feet deep and 600 feet wide from February 1938 to May 1939. Sparkman Channel was widened to a total width of 400 feet and the bends between Sparkman Channel and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel were widened to project dimen- sions between July 1947 and May 1949. A turning basin 2,750 feet long and 550 feet wide was dredged at the entrance to the Port Tampa terminals between November 1933 and December 1935. The turning basin at the entrance to Ybor Channel was completed in July 1947, and that at the west end of Garrison Channel (mouth of Hillsboro River), in May 1949. Ybor Channel was widened to its present width between April and June 1950. A channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide in Hillsboro River from the mouth to within 100 feet of the Lafayette Street Bridge was dredged between December 1899 and about June 1905, under a pre- vious project, and has been maintained under the existing project. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 383 The breakwater of dredged material at Peter O. Knight municipal airport was constructed from August 1940 to January 1941, and the city of Tampa has formally assumed responsibility for its care, pres- ervation, and maintenance. The Tampa Bay bridge (fixed) crosses Cut A of Tampa Bay Chan- nel with vertical clearance of 149.0 feet for 800 feet width. .When last surveyed the controlling depths were as follows: Dredged dimen- Controlling depths entering sions from seaward Section Date surveyed Left Channel for Right Width Depth outside half dredged outside quarter width quarte Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Egmont Relocation Channel--........ 600 32 32.1 32. 0 31.0 August and No. vember 1953. Mullet Key Cut_...---....-....... 400 30 30. 3 30. 3 31.8 August 1953. Tampa Bay Channel: Cut A_.....--................-. 400 30 30. 0 *30. 0 (30. 0) 31.0 January 1948. Cuts B to F...---------....... 300 30 30. 5 *30. 0(30. 0) 31.0 Port Tampa Channel-..........------. 300 30 ........ *30.0(30.0) ........ October 1952. Port Tampa turning basin.----------......... 550 30 ........ 30.0 ........ Do. Hillsboro Bay Channel: Cut A_...-......-.- ------.-.. 300 30 30. 0 *30. 0(30. 0) 30. 0 January 1948. Cut C-........-...-.----- --. . 300 30 30. 6 30. 8 30. 0 September 1954. 28. 0 30. 0 30. 0 May and Septem- Cut D--...................... 300 30 ber 1954. 29. 5 28. 2 30. 0 April and Septem- Upper harbor: ber 1954. Seddom Channel............... 300 30 29. 5 28. 2 30. 0 Do. Sparkman Channel--......--------...... 400 30 29. 0 29. 2 29.1 Do. Garrison Channel (west to east).... 1275 30 26.5 27.3 25.9 April and August 1954. Ybor Channel. --------- 2 480 ,---------- 30 30. 8 28. 8 29. 0 August 1953. Alafla River 8 .3_...- .150 -------. 23 14. 7 17. 0 11. 0 April 1946. Hillsboro River, mouth to Lafayette 200 12 9. 0 10. 9 9. 0 March 1944. Street Bridge. Thence to a point 2,000 feet upstream 4100 9 ........ 4.1 . 1939. from Columbis Drive Bridge. 1 Project width 300 feet. 2 Project width at 500 feet. s As dredged by local interests; project depth is 30 feet, and width 200 feet. 4 Project dimensions; no work has been done by the United States. * Figures enclosed in parentheses are controlling depths on centerline in October 1952. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as fol- lows: Dredge a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Hillsboro River for about 2.4 miles above the upper end of the existing 12-foot channel, and thence remove obstructions to the City Water Works Dam; and the improvements authorized by act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doec. 258, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total ........ Regular-_-_ -.--.. ........-- .- ..------ $7,391, 414 $2, 849, 763 $10, 241, 177 Public Works----------------...................--------------------. 1, 329, 300 -E......y 1,329, 300 Emergency relief .......................................------- 1, 463, 000--------------- 1, 463, 000 Total_.---..... . ......-.....-..-.---... --... . 10, 183, 714 2,849,763 13, 033, 477' 363087--55---vol. 2-----25 384 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 (Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ..--... - -$25, 605 ------------................----------------------------------- $11, 036, 764 Cost_---.-------------- 72, 249 -------------------------------------------- 11, 036, 764 Maintenance: Appropriated_ ... _ 257, 060 $202, 800 $15, 134 $20, 850 $90, 487 2, 866, 933 Cost ..........---------------- 260, 134 203, 463 13, 889 22, 785 90, 517 2, 866, 870 1 Includes $853,050 for new work and $17,107 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by -$127, pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------_ --- $11, 016, 000 10. REMOVING THE WATER-HYACINTH FROM NAVIGABLE WATERS IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA Location. The water-hyacinth is found in the fresh-water streams and lakes in various parts of the district. Existing project. This provides for the destruction or removal of the water-hyacinth in the navigable waters of the State so far as they constitute an obstruction to commerce, using any mechanical, chemical, or other means not injurious to cattle, and the use of log booms to close sloughs and backwaters as an auxiliary means. No estimate of the final cost of the work has been made. The current annual maintenance estimate is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 For the construction and operation of a suitable vessel, H. Doc. 91, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and for the use of log booms as adjuncts to the opera- and Annual Report 1899, pp. tion of the vessel, for the removal of water hyacinths 1613-1623. in the navigable waters of the State of Florida. June 13, 1902 For the extermination and removal of water hyacinths Specified in act. by any mechanical chemical, or other means. Mar. 3,1905 Prohibits the use of any chemical process injurious to Do. cattle. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Localities where hired labor operations were conducted during the year and costs thereof are tabulated below: Locality Cost St. Johns River and tributaries- .. . _ .____... _ _.._._ ............. __ ..... $46, 355 Okeechobee Waterway ....----...........-------------------- -----.....--------------- 7,419 Hillsboro River-----......--------------- .. -------------------------......-221 ..------- ...-------- Withlacoochee River -_-__ __---.........--. ....---.---------... 2, 985 Reports .....--................................................................--------------------------------------------------------- 0 Total cost .........-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56, 980 RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 385 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is for maintenance. A chemical for spraying was tested in August and September 1900; spraying was begun in November 1902 but was discontinued in Feb- ruary 1906 because of the injurious effect on cattle. Subsequent op- erations through the fiscal year 1938 consisted chiefly of breaking up jams and drifting, except from November 1909 to February 1918, when an elevator was used to either place the plants on shore or to form them in deep piles that could be carried away by the currents. Later operations, through April 1948, have consisted principally of con- struction of temporary and permanent traps at strategic points, and shredding with cutterboats. Spraying with a new chemical, which is not injurious to cattle or fish, was begun in March 1948, to supple- ment other methods, and has proven to be highly effective. Since that date, spraying has gradually become the principal method of destruction, supplemented by previously used methods. During Sep- tember 1949, large areas of hyacinths in St. Johns River were sprayed by airplane, with satisfactory results. At the close of the fiscal year, St. Johns River and tributary streams, Okeechobee Waterway, and Hillsboro and Withlacoochee River (except for a major jam between Turner's Camp and Stokes Ferry) were open and in good condition. Total cost under existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $1,478,- 864 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... $57, 800 $75, 000 $53, 705 $65, 580 $58, 300 $1, 481, 091 Cost_ ------------- 63, 728 76, 568 52, 239 64, 447 159, 441 1, 480, 985 1 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by -$2,461, pending adjustment. 11. SNAGGING AND CLEARING UNDER AUTHORITY OF SECTION 3 OF THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED MARCH 2, 1945 The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the allotment of funds, not to exceed $300,000 for any one fiscal year, from river and harbor appropriations for removing accumulated snags and other debris and for protecting, clearing, and straightening channels in navigable harbors and navigable streams and tributaries thereof when such work is advisable in the interest of navigation or flood control. During the fiscal year $33,515 was allotted for work under this heading. Of that amount, $4,515 was contributed. Naples Bay, Fla.: Plans and specifications for emergency dredging in the bay were prepared during the fiscal year at a cost of $2,220 with Federal funds. The costs under this heading to June 30, 1955, have been $2,220. 386 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing,fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Appropriated----......---...-------------------------------------- ------ --------- $39, 288 Cost--------.... ------------------------- ....-------------------........ ------------ 39, 288 Maintenance: Appropriated....-------- -$3, 311 $1, 930 $3, 500 ..------------..........$29, 000 226, 234 Cost----...........---------....... 73, 510 1, 930 3, 500 ------------ 12,249 199, 483 1Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by -$29 pending adjustment. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: --------------------............ Appropriated......... ---------- $1,941 ------------...... $4, 515 $6, 456 ............ ---------------- Cost..................-------------------- 1, 672 ........................ 1, 672 12. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 Estimated full report amount Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction andmain- (1955 pries) tenance (1955 prices) 1. Anclote River, Fla ......................... _ 1950 $178, 427 $88, 957 $68, 000 2. Arecibo Harbor, P. R._...-._............... 1953 11,128, 075 107, 883 3. Atlantic-Gulf Ship Canal, Fla.....__.______ 1939 4 5, 099, 153 (2) .--.---..-.... 4. Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla. (Jax., Fla., Dist.)-_.. . . . --. -.. .. --.- 1954 361, 225 6 842, 835 (2) 5. Cedar Keys Harbor, Fla.6 7....-..-..-..- 1932 147, 021 30, 000 3, 500 6. Charlotte Harbor, Fla .................. _...._ 1954 306, 965 792,014 247, 000 7. Christiansted Harbor, V. 1.24................. 1950 366,000 8. Courtenay Channel, Fla.5 7__-_-__--_ 1940 22, 846 (2) 9. Crystal River, Fla.*....................... 1941 25, 000 19, 993 (2) 10. Eau Gallie Harbor, Fla.7 4 7_.................._ 1940 9, 627 .............. (2) 11. Fajardo Harbor, P. R. _____________________ 1945 .............. 8 420, 000 12. Fort Pierce Harbor, Fla...................... 1954 337,183 777,987 (2) 13. Guayanes Harbor, P. R.9 24 1945 - -3, 999 10161, 000 14. Homosassa River, Fla.1 15. Horseshoe Cove, Fla__ 6 s..................... 1937 1950 697 (2) 244, 000 24- - - - - 16. Hudson River, Fla. ........... .............. 1950 394, 000 17. Intracoastal 24 Waterway, Cross-Florida Barge Canal 1951 1,465,081 .............. 100, 535, 000 18. Intracoastal Waterway, Miami to Key West, Fla.2'4a,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1953 203, 368 325 2,860,000 19. Key West Harbor, Fla. - - 1950 1,040, 409 238, 743 2,047,000 20. Kissimmee River, Fla.s_____ _ _ 1931 23, 479 25, 202 21. Lake Cresent and Dunns Creek, Fla.6 a _.. . 1931 10, 276 8, 166 146,000 22. Little Manatee River, Fla.6 ................. 1949 158, 000 23. Manatee River, Fla.6 6_______________________ 1938 123, 350 101,214 15, 000 24. Mayaguez Harbor, P. R__ .... ....... .. 1953 168, 187 138,118 (2) 25. Melbourne Harbor, Fla.5a______........... 1939 17, 696 (2) 26. Naples to Big Marco Pass Channel, Fla.a_ ... 1950 37, 525 47, 329 (2) 27. New River, Fla_____________ __ 1950 8, 574 89, 000 28. Orange River, Fla.______________ 1937 2, 000 (2) 29. Ozona Channel, Fla ..............--.... 1950 91, 000 30. Palm Beach, Fla. beach erosion control 24 1950 128, 000 31. Palm Beach, Fla., side channel and basin 6__ 1946 Is 140; 000 32. Pinellas County, Fla., beach erosion control__ (23) 1435, 000 33. Pithlachascotee River, Fla.8__................ 1950 162, 000 See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND -HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE' FLA., DISTRICT 387 12. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS-Continued For last Cost to June 30, 1955 Estimated full report amount "j Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- co(1mplete for- tenance (195 prices 34. Ponce Harbor, P. R_-...-........-.--,.------ 1949 t11$176, 294 $7, 946 $1, 264,000 35. Port Everglades Harbor, Fla. ---------------- 1954 2, 200, 538 498,852 () 36. Rice Creek, Fla_ - - - - -- - - (3)_- 1683,000 37. St. Augustne Harbor, Fla.__--------------- 1951 17464,091 169, 582 2,520,000 38. St. Johns River, Fla., Jax to Lake Harney_ - 1953 1, 171, 243 469, 525 (2) 39. Beresford cutoff and Deep Creek Improve- ment 6--.... .. 1953 (18) (18) 153, 000 39. St. Lucie Inlet, Fla.a s- - - - . 1949 123, 602 -...---... - (2) 40. St. Petersburg Harbor, Fla_-....-.----- 1950 221, 578 1o 69, 697 271, 000 41. St. Thomas Harbor, V. I. .. . 1949 _----- -_----3, 440,000 42. San Juan Harbor, P. R.- - ..-- .. 1953 2s 4, 330,671 1, 208,048 64,000 43. Snagging and clearing under authority of Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945---- - ---- ............ ... -1953 39, 288 21197, 234 44. Steinhatchee River, Fla.5__------------- 1940 135, 053 514 (2) 45. Suwannee River, Fla. 22 ---------------- 46. Withlacoochee River, Fla.6_ -------------... 1940 1954 76, 418 614, 912 37,394 227, 397 201, 000 81, 000 1In addition $288,000 were expended from contributed funds. 2 Completed. a Not formally adopted by Congress. Modified plan is recommended in H. D. 194, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 4 Emergency relief funds. * Channels adequate for commerce. 6 Inactive, latest cost estimate 1954. 7 No commerce reported. 8 In addition $30,000 to be contributed by local interests. 8 Awaiting local cooperation. to In addition $40,000 to be contributed by local interests. 11In addition $1,000 were expended from contributed funds. 1sThe estimate of $8,000 represents the extent to which the Federal Government is authorized to participate and is one-third the cost chargeable to publicly owned shore frontage. The estimated cost to ocal interests is $242,500. 1 Authorizing Act limits Federal participation to $140,000. In addition, $280,000 to be contributed by local interests. 14The estimate of $35,000 represents the total estimated cost applicable to Federally owned shore and one-third of the cost applicable to publicly owned shore. The estimated cost to local interests is $683,000. 15In addition $21,960 were expended from contributed funds. to In addition $83,000 to be contributed by local interests, 17In addition $137,500 were expended from contributed funds. 18Included with total costs to date for the project. 19oIn addition $6,353 were expended from contributed funds. 20 In addition $100,000 were expended from contributed funds. 21 In addition $1,672 were expended from contributed funds. 12 Curtailment of existing project recommended in H. D. 467, 69th Cong., 1st session. 28Authorized by River and Harbor Act approved Sept. 3,1954, but due to no activity in the fiscal yeart, and owing to current policy on brevity, details of project are not in report. 24 To be restudied. 13. CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN FLORIDA Location. The project area includes the Upper St. Johns River and related areas, the Kissimmee River basin and related areas, and the Lake Okeechobee-Everglades-east coast areas, all in central and southern Florida. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 473, 1245, 1246, 1247, 1248, and 1289 and "Florida Everglades Drain- age District," U. S. Geological surveys quadrangle sheets of the area, and Soil Conservation Service maps Nos. 1524 to 1561, July 1946.) The Upper St. Johns River and related areas lie principally in Orange, Brevard, Indian River, and St. Lucie Counties. The Kissimmee River basin and related areas begin in Orange County and extend southerly through Osceola, Polk, Highlands, Okeechobee, and Glades Counties. Lake Okeechobee and its regulatory outlets lie in Palm Beach, Martin, Okeechobee, Glades, Hendry, and Lee Counties. St. Lucie 388 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Canal flows from the lake to the Atlantic Ocean; the Caloosahatchee River, from the lake to the Gulf of Mexico. The lower east coast region embraces the populous urban and agricultural areas in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties. The region lies along the coast from the St. Lucie Canal south to near the tip of the State, and extends 9 to 20 miles inland. The conservation areas lie in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties west of the lower east coast region, and include 1,344 square miles of the Everglades suitable only for water and wildlife conservation. Lake Okeechobee agricultural area lies south of the lake, mostly in western Palm Beach County, but including part of Hendry County. The area embraces 1,130 square miles of muck and peat land which is suited for long-term agricultural use. Previous projects. Previous projects consist of completed works for control of Lake Okeechobee included in and constructed under the navigation project for Okeechobee Waterway, Fla. (formerly Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Florida), and under provisions of River and Harbor Acts, approved July 3, 1930, and August 30, 1935. For further information see pages 877- 882, Annual Report for 1948, and page 785, Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. This provides for modification and expansion of the previous project to include the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in central and southern Florida. The plan provides for the following: a. Upper St. Johns River and related areas: (1) Upper St. Johns River: Levees and control works downstream from Lakes Poinsett and Washington, and outlet channels with control works at each of those lakes and at Lake Wilmington, all on the St. Johns River; and (2) related areas: These areas are comprised of the upper prairies, North Fork of St. Lucie River, and Allapattah Flats area. Improve- ment and control structures in the existing Belcher Canal and diver- sion canal, and a new canal with a control structure on the St. Lucie- Martin County line. b. Kissimmee River basin and related areas: (1) Kissimmee River basin: Levees and control structures at the outlets of Lakes Mary Jane, Preston, Alligator, Gentry, East Tohopekaliga, Tohopekaliga, Hatchineha, and Kissimmee, and an improved channel downstream from each structure; and enlarged channel and control structures in the river; (2) Istokpoga Area: Levees along the eastern and southern shores of Lake Istokpoga, and control structures and improvements of the existing Indian Prairie, Harney Pond, State Road 70, and Slough ditch canals; (3) Fisheating Creek area: A spillway in the bank of Fisheating Creek where it enters the flood plain, and a dis- charge canal into Lake Okeechobee formed by interconnecting existing borrow pits along the north side of the existing Lake Okeechobee levees with a channel to the spillway; and (4) Moore Haven and New- hall drainage district: Extension of the western end of the existing Lake Okeechobee levee southwestward to near Fisheating Creek; ex- tension of the project levee along State Road 78 southward to join the old Everglades drainage district dike, and enlargement of Canal FLOOD CONTROL--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 389 19, the major drainage outlet of the area west of the Newhall drainage district. c. Everglades lower east coast area: (1) An east-coast protective levee from the Homestead area north to West Palm Beach Canal; a levee with control works extending from the Homestead area southerly to near the tip of the Peninsula, thence easterly to Biscayne Bay, thence to about 15 miles south of Miami; (2) improvements for com- pletion of conservation areas for water impoundment and flood dis- charge in the Everglades area west of the east-coast protective levee, including levees within the conservation area separating it into three parts, with gated spillways for discharge of water from one part to the next, and, finally, through gated spillways in Tamiami Trail to the undeveloped area to the south, and a bridge culvert where Tamiami Trail intersects a canal and levee extending southerly on the west side of the conservation area; and (3) local protection works in the area along the east coast from northern Palm Beach County to southern Dade County, including two pumping stations and complete protective works in the Davie agricultural area, canal improvements and enlarge- ments, new canals, spillway headworks at the edge of the conservation area, bridge crossings, and outlet barriers. d. Okeechobee-Everglades area: (1) Levees and canals encircling the developed and undeveloped portions of the Lake Okeechobee agri- cultural area from Caloosahatchee River southeasterly to about 4 miles east of the Hendry-Palm Beach County line; thence southerly to near the Palm Beach-Broward County line projected, thence southeasterly to the three-county intersection, thence easterly on the Palm Beach- Broward County line across Miami and North New River Canals (with a levee south on this canal to east-coast protective levee), thence northeasterly to Hillsboro Canal (with a levee south on this canal to east-coast protective levee); (2) intermediate levees and canals via Bolles Canal from Miami Canal (with a canal and levee on improved Ocean Canal to West Palm Beach Canal) eastward to Hillsboro Canal, thence southeastward along Hillsboro Canal to the limit of the agricultural area, thence northward crossing West Palm Beach Canal and continuing to near the easterly extremity of Lake Okeechobee; (3) enlargement of Miami, North New River, Hillsboro, and West Palm Beach Canals, within the protected area; (4) five feeder canals within the protected area; (5) three pumping stations at Lake Okeechobee and pumping stations at the eastern edge of the protected area on West Palm Beach and Hillsboro Canals; and at the southern limit of the protected area on the North New River and Miami Canals; (6) a spillway at the eastern edge of the agricultural area on the new canal crossing West Palm Beach Canal, and culverts in West Palm Beach Canal on both sides of the new canal; (7) improving control of Lake Okeechobee by enlarging St. Lucie Canal and Caloosahatchee River, including modification of spillways and structures; (8) a spill- way at Moore Haven, with an outlet canal to Caloosahatchee River; (9) enlargement of existing Lake Okeechobee levees, including paving and revetment as necessary, and construction of levees on northeast and northwest shores of Lake Okeechobee; (10) initiation of con- struction and operation of a system of meteorological and hydrological stations; and (11) under maintenance, the operation and care of the 390 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 spillway to be constructed at Moore Haven and the main spillways between and at the southerly edge of the conservation areas. Upon completion, local interests are to assume maintenance and operation of all works in c and d above, except the gated spillways referred to in c and features (7) through (10) in d, which works will be operated and maintained by the United States. In addition, the project includes maintenance (since July 1, 1950) of control works completed with river and harbor funds under the previous navigation project for Okeechobee Waterway, Fla. (formerly Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Florida), as follows: (a) A levee about 67.8 miles long from Fisheating Creek to St. Lucie Canal, following in general the south shore of the lake, and a north- shore levee 15.74 miles long (those levees are to be improved and enlarged under the existing project); (b) 4 auxiliary floodway chan- nels extending into Lake Okeechobee at or near Liberty Point, mouth of Fisheating Creek, mouth of Kissimmee River, and mouth of Taylor Creek; (c) collection and evaluation of meteorological data; and (d) operation and care of spillways at the St. Lucie and Ortona locks, 5 hurricane gates on Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage culverts through the west-, south-, and east-shore levees and 4 on the north shore of Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage spillways along the St. Lucie Canal, and an intercommunicating radio-telephone network of 8 stations. The following table shows the principal features of the hurricane gates constructed under previous projects for the Okeechobee Water- way, Fla., and maintained under the existing project since July 1, 1950: Hurri- Nearest town Depth Character cane gate over of Year Actual Dtaesills foun- com- cost No.e Name Distance (feet) dation pleted cost 2 Clewiston, Fla......------------------- 0 10 Pile-....... 1935 $309, 748 3 Lake Harbor, Fla----...... ---- 0. 5 10 Rock...... 1935 316, 938 4 Belle Glade, Fla_--_..----------- 4. 0 10 ___do...... 1935 350, 025 5 C anal Point, Fla- .......... . 0O. 10 ___do ..... 1935 262, 465 6 Okeechobee, Fla----------------- 6. 0 7 Pile-....... 1936 373, 273 1 All are 50 feet wide, with available length unlimited. They are constructed of concrete with steel sector gates, and have no lift. Hurricane gate No. 6 has an auxiliary culvert spillway with automatic control. Lake Okeechobee is maintained, so far as possible, between eleva- tions 13 and 15 feet, mean sea level. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1955, is $221,000,000 United States funds and $36,600,000 contributed funds, exclusive of river and harbor funds expended on previous projects. In addition, the estimated cost to local interests of lands, rights-of-way, and re- location is $27,060,000 (1955). The current annual maintenance esti- mate is $250,000. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: FLOOD CONTROL--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 391 Acts Work authorized Documents June 30, 1948 The first phase of the comprehensive plan for flood H. Doc. 643, 80th Cong., 2d sess. control and other purposes, and authorized to be (contains latest published maps). appropriated $16,300,000 for partial accomplishment of the first phase. May 17,1950 Authorized to be appropriated an additional $20 Specified in act. million for continuation of the first phase. Sept. 3,1954 Modification and expansion of authorization for the H. Doc. 643, 80th Cong., 2d sess. comprehensive plan given by the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, as amended, to include entire com- prehensive plan of improvement as recommended by the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 643, 80th Cong:, 2d seas., and authorized to be ap- propriated an additional $7,000,000 for partial accomplishment of said plan. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doec. 643, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), imposed the conditions that local interests shall provide all lands, easements, and right-of-way; make a cash contribution of 15 percent of the estimated construction cost for each part of the work prior to its initiation (with the provision that the total cash contribution for the entire comprehensive plan shall not exceed $29,152,000); and furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and operation of the works and that they will maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army, except the levees, channels, locks, and control works of the St. Lucie Canal, Lake Okeechobee, and Caloosahatchee River, and the main spillways of the conservation areas. In May 1949, the Florida State legislature passed legislation pro- viding for creation of districts for flood control, reclamation, conserva- tion, and allied purposes to cooperate with the United States on Fed- eral projects; for creation of the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District, and for consolidation of the former Everglades Drainage District with that district; and for other measures necessary for full compliance with all requirements of local cooperation. A res- olution adopted August 1, 1949, by the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District, assuming full responsibility for compliance with the requirements of local cooperation as set forth in the project document, was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on November 25, 1949, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. The Flood Control District has furnished right-of-way and other interest in land, and has contributed the required 15 percent of the estimated construction cost for each feature of the project, when and as requested by the district engineer. In response to a request of local interests on June 10, 1950, urging construction of the eastern boundary levees of the conservation area to an intermediate grade, the Chief of Engineers outlined a general policy permitting such construction, provided that local interests agree to maintain the levees at those heights pend- ing completion to full grade. The Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District has agreed to assume full responsibility for maintenance of the levees so constructed. 392 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The Flood Control District has accepted responsibility for opera- tion and maintenance of features as they are completed and formally transferred to them. (See par. "Condition at end of fiscal year" for features and transfer dates.) Those features are periodically in- spected by the District Engineers' Staff and the Flood Control Dis- trict advised of maintenance needed. The Flood Control District was authorized, and obtained congres- sional approval to advance $2,900,000 to accelerate the construction program beginning in the fiscal year 1955, and to receive credit for that amount on the total cash contribution required of $29,152,000. The Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, imposed the requirements that the conditions of local cooperation for the authorized first phase heretofore approved by said flood-control act shall apply to that authorized first phase, but for all work over and beyond that previous authorization such conditions shall apply on an interim basis only until they shall be modified as deemed appropriate by the Congress, based on recommendations to be submitted at the earliest practicable date by the Chief of Engineers, through the Bureau of the Budget to the Congress: provided, that whatever conditions of local cooperation are established by Congress as the result of such recom- mendations shall be retroactive to any units of the comprehensive plan authorized in this act which may be started prior to establishment of the exact conditions of local cooperation. The Flood Control District's resolution adopted 15 September 1954, agreeing to all the conditions imposed by the 1954 Act, has been ac- cepted by the District Engineer as satisfactory assurance of com- pliance. In addition to the local cooperation requirements for the authorized project, local interests propose additional and related works in the form of a secondary system of channels to further serve the land developer, who in turn will construct the necessary laterals, field ditches, farm levees and pump units, all of which will permit max- imum benefits from the major flood control works as provided by the project. The Flood Control District is now engaged in preliminary planning of the secondary system of channels, and for the Everglades Agricultural Area estimates the cost as follows: Secondary channel system___ $6, 000, 000 Land development water control system (laterals, field ditches, etc.)__ 35, 700, 000 The Flood Control District proposes to provide the necessary rights- of-way for the Secondary Channel system. The land developer, either an organized subdrainage district or individual landowner, will bear the cost of construction of the secondary channels and all cost for development of the farm protective works. Local interests are also performing work in the unauthorized por- tion of the project which is not required by the authorizing act. In 1950 the Flood Control District adopted a program of emergency construction of new works or improvements of existing works neces- sary to prevent flood damages in areas where the construction of the works of the flood control program would be years in being realized. This program is estimated by the Flood Control District to cost $2,000,000, of which over $500,000 has been spent. FLOOD CONTROL----JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 393 Operations and results during fiscal year. The work accomplished during the fiscal year is tabulated below: Work and locality Period 'Cost New work: Contract: Railroads (Bridges) Alteration of B-8, SAL Railroad bridge on C-9_...... July 6, 1954, to June 14, 1955. Channels and Canals: Construction of C-2, sec. 1, improvement of 1.5 miles Feb. 28, 1955, to June 29, $48, 425 of existing canal. 1955. Construction of C-9, see. 4, 4.7 miles long-...-.-..-.- Mar. 17, 1955, to June 30, 116, 735 1955 (50 percent com- pleted). Excavation at B-8 on C-9___._...._....___________ Feb. 7, 1955, to June 30, 58, 394 1955 (96 percent com- pleted). Levees: Construction of L-7, about 16.8 miles long to inter- July 1, 1954, to June 22, 1, 410, 027 mediate height, (in progress, and 35 percent com- 1955. pleted at beginning of fiscal year). Construction of L-15, sec. 1, 6.4 miles long _.......... Oct. 22, 1954, to June 29, 337, 010 1955. Construction of L-15, sec. 2, 8 miles long (continuing July 1, 1954, to June 30, 498, 476 contract) (in progress and 23 percent completed at 1955 (92 percent com- beginning of fiscal year). pleted). Construction of L-12, 10.5 miles long (continuing Sept. 30, 1954, to June 30, 495, 646 contract). 1955 (53 percent com- pleted). Construction of L-10, 10.3 miles long.............. . Dec. 13, 1954, to June 30, 191, 971 1955 (48 percent com- pleted). Construction of L-14, 9.0 miles long (continuing Jan. 29, 1955, to June 30, 250, 490 contract). 1955 (48 percent cOm- pleted). Construction of L-19, 10.2 miles long (continuing Mar. 27, 1955, to June 30, 79,196 contract). 1955 (17 percent com- pleted). Construction of L-2 and L-3, 20.6 miles long (con- Apr. 4, 1955, to June 30, 332, 059 tinuing contract). 1955 (32 percent com- pleted). Pumping plants: Construction of pump station 13, including ma- July 1, 1954, to Nov. 23, 50, 615 chinery (in progress and 86 percent completed at 1954. beginning of fiscal year). Fabrication of pump station 5A machinery (con- July 1, 1954, to Oct. 28, 16, 754 tinuing contract) (in progress and about 97 per- 1954. cent completed at beginning of fiscal year). Construction of pump station 5A structure (con- July 1, 1954, to Mar 27, 437, 500 tinuing contract) (in progress and 65 percent com- 1955. pleted at beginning of fiscal year). Fabrication of pump station 9 machinery (con- July 1, 1954, to June 30, 146, 869 tinuing contract) (in progress and 67 percent com- 1955 (96 percent com- pleted at beginning of fiscal year). pleted). Construction of pump station 9 structure (con- July 1, 1954, to June 30, 198, 511 tinuing contract) (in progress and 8 percent com- 1955 (31 percent com- pleted at beginning of fiscal year). pleted). Fabrication of pump station 2 machinery (con- July 1, 1954, to June 30, 637, 410 tinuing contract) (in progress and 1 percent com- 1955 (67 percent com- pleted at beginning of fiscal year). pleted). Fabrication of pump station 6 machinery (con- Sept. 10, 1954, to June 30, 262, 710 tinuing contract). 1955 (44 percent com- pleted). Construction of pump station 2 structure (con- Oct. 28, 1954, to 30 June, 323, 930 tinuing contract). 1955 (27 percent com- pleted). Construction of pump station 6 structure (con- Feb. 21, 1955, to June 30, 70, 152 tinuing contract). 1955 (7 percent com- pleted). Fabrication of pump station 3 machinery (con- May 25, 1955, to June 30, tinuing contract). 1955 (4 percent com- pleted). Floodway Control and Diversion Structures Construction of S-33 and S-36 (in progress and 85 July 1, 1954, to Oct. 29, 24, 630 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). 1955. Construction of S-22 contract awarded June 20, 1955 June 20, 1955, to June 30, 1, 136 (continuing contract). 1955. Minor costs incurred this fiscal year on work com- 38, 75t pleted in prior fiscal year. Hired labor: Repair Levee 35A------------------------..----.---- May 24, 1955, to June 27, 3, 845 1955. 394 REPORT OF TIHE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIY, 1955 Work and locality Period Cost .New work-Continued Contract-Continued Engineering and design -------------.............---......------------------------------- $1, 128, 723 Supervision and administration---................................................. 434,221 Total new work----------------........................--...--....-------- 7, 594,185 Maintenance: Contract: Maintenance of Toe Ditch, Division 9 (contract in June 21 to Sept. 14, 1954._ 7,951 progress and 7percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). Maintenance dredging, Kissimmee River Floodway Oct. 14 to Nov. 27, 1954.... 34,562 Channel. ....... ------... April 22 to June 5, 1955_... Furnish granite rock for stock pile------- 24,142 Repairs to berm and toe of the Lake Okeechobee levees Contract not begun....... 4, 819 caused by wave erosion damage in Divisions 2 and 9 (preliminary costs only). Hired labor: Inspection, patrol and maintenance of Lake Okeechobee Fiscal year................ 31, 347 levee slopes, ramps, crown roads, protective planting and cattle fences. Periodic and miscellaneous surveys and inspections, .....do .....--------------------- 448 supervision, administration and other routine work. Clear silt, hyacinth, etc., from landside approach chan- ..... do-.................... 816 nels to culverts in Lake Okeechobee levees. Periodic inspection of features and structures transferred .....-do--- .....-------. - - 1, 414 to local interests. Initiate removal of grass from Okeechobee Levee slope, Jan. 21 to Mar. 31, 1955.... 7,644 division 9. Unload and stockpile granite rock..................------------------ Apr. 22 to June 6, 1955..... 4, 974 Remove floating and submerged obstructions from flood- Fiscal year-.... --...........324 way channels. Contract: Other miscellaneous repairs, and operation and ..... do----..................... 2,404 maintenance work. Total maintenance.........................-------------------------------------------------............................ 120, 845 Operating and care: The spillways at Ortona and St. Lucie Locks, 5 hurricane gates on Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage culverts through the west-, south-, and east-shore levees and 4 on the north shore of Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage spillways along St. Lucie Canal, and an inter- communicating radiotelephone network of 8 stations were operated and maintained by hired labor. Contract work on Hurricane Gate No. 3 for sandblasting and painting metal surfaces which was started May 31, 1954, and 95 percent complete at the end of fiscal year, was completed July 2, 1954. Construction of rubble-mound groin at Culvert No. 11 in Lake Okeechobee levee under contract but not started at beginning of fiscal year: was completed between August 2 and Sep- tember 2, 1954. Sandblasting and painting Hurricane Gate No. 4 is a part of contract for Pump Station 2 but no work was done during the year. The total cost for the fiscal year was $41,202. The total costs for the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Operations and care Total 623, 779 $120,845 United States_--------------------------................................ $4, $41, 202 $4, 785,826 Contributed..------------------------------ 2, 970, 406 .--------------------- ------ 2, 970, 406 Total---.------------------------------- 7, 594,185 120, 845 41, 202 232 7,756, .FLOOD ,CONTROL-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 395 Regulation. Lake Okeechobee was regulated during fiscal year 1955 between elevations 12.8 and 14.6 feet, mean sea level datum, in accord- ance with approved regulation schedules. There was no serious flood- ing in the project area during the year. Average rainfall over Lake Okeechobee during the fiscal year was 47 inches and the average pan. evaporation was 60 inches. The available net water supply in Lake Okeechobee totaled about 1,902,000 acre-feet. About 891,000 acre- feet were released through the St. Lucie Canal and 639,000 acre-feet through the Caloosahatchee River. The remaining 372,000 acre-feet, in addition to 206,000 acre-feet decrease of lake storage, were used to supply the irrigation demands or were released to the conservation areas. The agricultural needs of several hundred thousand acres were adequately supplied from lake storage during the -dry season. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 11 percent completed. The following features were constructed under previous projects for the Okeechobee Waterway, Fla., and are maintained under this project: A levee 67.8 miles long from Fisheating Creek to St. Lucie Canal, following in general the south shore of the-lake, January 1932 to March 1936; a north-shore levee 15.74 miles long, July 1936 to February 1938; the spillway at Ortona lock) November 1934 to August 1937; 4 auxiliary floodway channels extending into Lake Okeechobee at or near Liberty Point, mouth of Fisheating Creek, mouth of Kissimmee River, and mouth of Taylor Creek, June 1932 to February 1938; 5 hurricane gates through the levees at entrance to canals at Clewiston, Lake Harbor, South Bay, Canal Point, and Taylor Creek, November 1933 to December 1936; 16 .drainage culverts through the west-, south-, and east-shore levees, and 4 similar culverts through the north-shore levee, December 1933 to December 1936; and 16 drainage spillways at drainage openings along the banks of the St. Lucie Canal, November 1934 to September 1935. Planning for the existing project was begun in November 1948 and has been continued. Construction under the existing project has been accomplished as follows: Date transferred to Length Grade (eleva- control oonstruction food Feature (miles) tin mean sea ondistrict for oper level). perid ation and main- tenance Railroad bridges: B-8-....--------------------- -------------------- ................ July 6, 1954 to June 14, 1955. Channel and canals: C-2 (sec. 1)-..---------------------- 1.2 --------------................ February 1955 to July 12, 1955. June 1955. C-9 (sec. 2).....---------------------- 4. 4 -------------- April 1953 to April May 7, 1954. 1954. C-9 (sec. 3) - .---------------------- 6. 5 ................ July 1952 to Sep- Nov. 13, 1953. tember 1953. C-11--------------------............................... 3. 7 -------------- February to De- Jan. 15, 1954. cember 1953. C-12 and 13 (sec. 1)--------------- 10.9 --------------................ July 1953 to Feb- Apr. 15, 1954. ruary 1954. C-13 (sec. 2) ..--------------------- -------------- 2.7 ................March to June Aug 13, 1954. 1954. C-42---------------------------...............................June to August Jan. 1, 1952. 5.4 --------------................ 1950. 396 REPORT OF ITHE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMYI, 1955 Date transferred to Length Grade (eleva- Construction flood control Feature (miles) tion mean sea period district for oper- level) ation and main- tenance Levees: L-1 (sec. 1)..-.. -- - - -- - - 10 January 1953 to Apr. 15, 1954. February 1954. L-7.............................-- 14. 7 January 1953 to July 1, 1955. June 1955. L-8 (including tie back levee)-...... 29. 2 19 and 24-...... July 1950 to Octo- July 14, 1952; Nov. ber 1952. 13, 1953; May 7, 1954. L-15 (sec. 1) ..- ...---- --.-.-- 6.4 *17. 3 October 1954 to July 1, 1955. June 1955. rL-30 ........................-. 13. 9 May 1951 to July*18 Sept. 15, 1952. 1952. L-31 (north part).._._ _ ... _ 10. 8 *17.4 to *14.0 March to Septem- Oct. 15,1952. ber 1952. L-33 and 37-......... .... . 14. 8 *18............ March 1951 to Sept. 15, 1952. February 1952. L-35 ............... ....... ...... 4.8 *20............ March 1950 to May Jan. 1, 1952. 1951. L-35A ......---................. ... 6.0 *20............ January to July Do. 1950. ........- ..... L-36 .......... ..-- 11.4 *20............ March 1950 to May Do. L-40 1951. North__-...-.--..-.---.....-- 2.6 *24............ November 1950 to Sept. 15, 1952. July 1951. South........---.-----..-....- 26.1 *24............ May 1951 to De- May 15, 1953. cember 1952. L-43 Initial ..-................... 0.3 ------ 32.56 35-6--------- ---- September to Octo- ber 1950. September to Octo- Reconstruction and extension... ber 1952: Pumling plants and draige facilities: Pump Sta. 5A auxiliary structures July 1952 to Janu- Apr. 15, 1954. 5A-E, W&S. ary 1954. S-11.. .. ...----------------------- May 1952 to March ---------------- 1954. 8-24 -24 ...... cl------------- ""------- March to Sep- Oct. 15, 1952. S-24AI ---------------- tember 1952. S-29 _.---------...............-.... August 1952 to Dec. 11. 1953. November 1953. ---------------- 8-32---..........- . ......-.-- .... _ March 1951 to Feb- Sept. 15, 1952. i - - r -- - - - ruary 1952. I-------------- 8-32A ......-....-.-.----.------- _ May to July 1952._ Do. 8-34--_-...-----.-...-_--.----.--... March 1951 to Feb- II ruary 1952. - ~ Do. - - -- - Temporary culvert at S-84.... March to June. Aug. 13, 1954. --------------- 1954. ------------ 8-39 .......-....................... August 1951 to Sept. 15, 1952. S-76- ............................. ----------------- October 1952. S-5A ............................. ---------------- April 1951 to Octo- Nov. 13, 1953. ber 1952. 8-13. .............................. March ------------- r---- 1953 to Apr. 29, 1955. April 1955. June 1953 to Octo- Nov. 1, 1954. ber 1954. S-33 and 8-36...................... July 1953 to Octo- Do. ber 1954. *Intermediate height. FLOOD CONTROL--JAC1SONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 397 The status of works under contract at the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Feature Construction Percent started com- pleted Railroad bridges --------------------------------------------- Contract awarded (1) B-2 and B-86. June 29, 1955. Levees: L-15, section 2 and culverts ........................................---------------------------------- January 1954...... 92 L-2 and L-3---------- --------------------------------- April 1955___ 32 L-10------------------------------------------------........................................................ December 1954.... 48 L-12, 1st Stage .::::---- --------------------------------------- September 1954 . 53 L-14, 1st stage.---------------------------------------------- January 1955 ____. 48 L-19 including culverts_....--------------- ------- __--_ March 1955_....... 17 Canals: C-9, sect. 4--------......................................-------------------------------------. March 1955 ...... 50 Pumping plants and drainage facilities: Pump Sta. 2, machinery_.----------------------- ----------- May 1954 ....-- 67 ............................................ Pump Sta. 2, structure------------- October 1954...... 27 Pump Sta. 6, machinery__ ___ ___________------------_ September 1954 _ 44 - Pump Sta. 6, structure ............................................. February 1955 __... 7 Pump Sta. 9, machinery ___.................................... . June 1953 _____ ..... 96 Pump Sta. 9, structure--- ----. --. --. ---------. ----- ___ November 1953__. 31 I Not yet started. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to complete construction of features under contract and all remaining- works described in the paragraph "existing project." The total costs under the existingproject to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Operations and care Total United States 1...------------- $22, 332, 034 $1, 161, 598 $195, 166 $23, 688, 798 ................- - Contributed 1 2__ -5, 257, 565 5, 257, 565 --- Total 2_-....................-----. - 27, 589, 599 1, 161, 598 195, 166 28, 946, 363 1 Includes an adjustment of prior year cost in the amount of $21,967. 2 Does not include $106,106 outside the project scope. 398 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated-......-- $6,300,000. $6,000,000 974, 000 .$4,. ,----------- $4, 250, 000 $23, 024,000 Cost.--.---.-----_ 2, 968, 181 4,864, 386 3,841,822 $5, 289, 512 284,675,659 22, 370, 412 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... 900,000 100,000 90,000 139, 659 208,000 1,437, 659 Cost.-- -............ 262, 529 .727,071 93,799 110,891 2 161,820 1,356, 110 1 Exclusive of river and harbor funds expended on previous projects. (See Cost and Financial Summary for the Okeechobee Waterway, Fla., project for those costs.) S Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by +$29,913 new work and +$227 maintenance, pending adjustment. a Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by -$21,967 new work adjustment, of prior years between United States and contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ____- - $64, 659 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 6, 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _. 6, 364, 659 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- 191, 676, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Appropriated---------......... $697, 325 $829, 650 $1,424, 040 $452, 700 . $2,615, 964 $6, 537, 219 Cost --------------- -297, 384 879, 422 426 716 780, 738 12,938,740 5, 247, 865 1 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by $9,699, pending adjustment and an adjustment prior fiscal year funds in the amount of $21,967 between United States and contributed. Other new work data: Unobligated balance fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --- $245, 662 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 830, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ 1, 075, 662 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ 29, 232, 781 14. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Hired labor costs during the fiscal year were $19,937 (excluding $2,995 contributed). The balance unexpended and accounts receivable at the end of the fiscal year of $3,149 (excluding $12,005 contributed), together with $20,000 Federal and $11,000 contributed can be profit- ably expended during the ensuing fiscal year. 15. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA There were no hired labor costs on storm-studies feature during the fiscal year. The balance unexpended and accounts receivable at the end of the fiscal year, $31 will be revoked during the ensuing fiscal year, or used with future allocations. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT This district comprises a small portion of southeastern Tennessee, western Georgia, western Florida, all of Alabama south of the Tent nessee River Basin, eastern Mississippi, and a small portion of south- eastern Louisiana embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Gulf of Mexico, west of the Aucilla River Basin, to and including the Pearl River Basin. It includes the section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway from St. Marks, Fla., to Lake Borgne Light No. 41, La. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway 14. Black Warrior, Warrior, and between _ Apalachee Bay, Tombigbee Rivers, Ala__ 428 Fla., and the Mexican 15. Pascagoula Harbor, Miss __ 434 border (Mobile District)__ 399 16. Biloxi Harbor, Miss ._.__-. 437 2. St. Marks River, Fla_ __ 403 17. Gulfport Harbor, Miss ---- 4 39 3. Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, 18. Wolf and Jordan Rivers, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Miss 440 Fla-------_ 405 19. Pearl River, Miss. and La___ 441 4. Buford Dam and Reservoir, 20. Other authorized navigation .Apalachicola, Chatta- projects._ - . 444 hoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla_ 409 Flood control 5. Fort Gaines Lock and Dam, Apalachicola, Chatta- 21. West Point, Chattahoochee hoochee, and Flint Rivers, SRiver, Ga__ _- 444 Ga. and Fla_. 411 22. Allatoona Reservoir, Coosa 6. Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, River Basin, Ga_______ 445.. Apalachicola, Chatta- 23. Rome, Coosa River, Ga.___ 446 hoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla_____ ___ 412 24. Other authorized flood con- trol projects____________ 7. Port St. Joe Harbor, Fla _ -- 415 25. Inspection of completed flood 447- 8. Panama City Harbor, Fla___ 416 ---- - - 9. East Pass Channel From the control works 447- 26. Flood control work under Gulf of Mexico into Chac- special authorization 448 tawhatchee Bay, Fla--- 418 10. Pensacola Harbor, Fla_.- 419 11. Mobile Harbor, Ala __-- 421 General investigations 12. Removing the Water Hya- cinth, Mobile District -. 425 27. Examinations and surveys_ 449 13. Alabama-Coosa Rivers, Ala. 28. Collection and study of basic and Ga .... 426 data _ - 449 1. GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN APALACHEE BAY, FLA.,. AND THE MEXICAN BORDER (MOBILE DISTRICT) Location. This section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway extends generally westward from Apalachee Bay through Ochlockonee Bay, Ochlockonee, Crooked, and Carrabelle Rivers, and St. George Sound to Apalachicola Bay; thence through Apalachicola River, Jackson River, Lake Wimico, Searcy Creek, a land cut, and Wetappo Creek to St. Andrew Bay, Fla.; thence through a land cut to Choctawhatchee Bay, Fla.; thence through Santa Rosa Sound to Pensacola Bay, Fla. 399 363037-55-vol. 2 26 400 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 thence through Big Lagoon and Old River, Fla., Perdido Bay, Fla. and Ala.; Bay La Lanche, Wolfe Bay, Portage Creek, Oyster Bay, and Bon Secour Bay, Ala., to Mobile Bay, Ala.; thence through Mis- sissippi Sound, Miss., and Lake Borgne, La., to the Rigolets. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts ap- proved May 23, 1828, and July 25, 1912, for the section between Mobile Bay and Mississippi Sound. For further details, see page 906, Annual Report for 1930. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide at mean low water from Apalachee Bay, Fla., to Mobile Bay, Ala., and 12 feet deep and 150 feet wide from Mobile Bay, Ala., to the Rigolets, La. (Lake Borgne Light No. 41); for a tributary channel (the Gulf County Canal), 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about 6 miles long connecting the Intracoastal Waterway at White City, Fla., with St. Joseph Bay; and for the construction of a movable span in the Georgia, Florida and Alabama Railroad bridge crossing the Ochlockonee River near McIntyre, Fla. Length of the waterway between the 12-foot depth contours in Apalachee Bay and Lake Borgne Light No. 41 at the Rigolets is 379 miles. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $6,692,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $345,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents APALACHICOLA BAY TO ST. MARKS RIVER, FLA. Aug. 26, 1937 A channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide at mean low H. Doec. 291, 75th Cong., 1st sess.l water from Apalachicola Bay, Fla., via St. George Sound, Carrabelle, Crooked, and Ochlockonee Rivers and Ochlockonee and Apalachee Bays to St. Marks River, Fla. APALACHICOLA RIVER TO ST. ANDREW BAY, FLA. June 25, 1910 "A channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 65 feet H. Doc. 670, 61st Cong., 2d sess. wide at the bottom. (2) A channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee wide at the bottom. Doc. 52, 72d Cong., 2d sess.' CHOCTAWHATCHEE BAY TO WEST BAY, FLA. Aug. 30, 1935 A channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet H. Doec. 259, 72d Cong., 1st sess.I wide at the bottom. June 25,1910 A channel 6 feet deep at mean low water, with no H. Doe. 565, 61st Cong., 2d sess, reference to width. 'CdC AW1bihAEER tAY ?O.PRNSACOLA RAY, PFLA. Aug. 30,1935 A channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee wide at the bottom. Doc. 42, 73d Cong., 2d sess.' PENSACOLA RAY, FLA., TO MOBILE BAY, ALA. July 3,1930 A channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet H. Doec. 42, 71st Cong., 1st sess, wide at the bottom. MOBILE BAY, ALA., TO NEW ORLEANS, LA. July 3,1930 A channel 300 feet wide and 10 feet deep from the Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 10-foot contour in Mobile Bay to the 10-foot con- Doec. 4, 71st Cong., 1st sess. tour in Mississippi Sound. Do....... A channel 100 feet wide and 9 feet deep from Lake H. Doe. 341, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Pontchartrain to Mississippi Sound. See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 401 Acts Work authorized Documents APALACHEE RAY, FLA., TO NEW ORLEANS, LA. July 23,1942 A channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide at mean low Public Law 675, 77th Cong., and water, except in the section between Mobile, Ala. H. Doc. 96, 79th Cong., 1st sess. and New Orleans, La., where the width is to be 150 feet. June 17,1943 Conditional acquisition of Gulf County Canal, Fla., H. Doc. 257, 76th Cong., 1st sess., and enlargement of the canal to 9 feet deep and 100 and Public Law 75, 78th Cong., feet wide. 1st sess. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of a movable span in the Georgia, H. Doc. 442, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Florida & Alabama RR. bridge crossing the Ochlockonee River. May 17, 1950 Abandonment and closure of, original channel be- H. Doc.325, 81st Cong., 1st sess.l tween Big Lagoon and Pensacola Bay and con- struction of a new channel to enter the bay north of original entrance. 1 Contain the latest published maps. 2 ERA Act, May 28, 1935, and River and Harbor Act, Aug. 30, 1935. Local cooperation. The requirements of local cooperation for this project have been fully complied with except for the section from Apalachee Bay to Carrabelle, Fla. The requirements of local cooperation for the section from Apala- chee Bay to Carrabelle, Fla., provide that local interests undertake all necessary modifications of bridges over the waterway, except the construction of a movable span in the Georgia, Florida and Alabama Railroad bridge over the Ochlockonee River near McIntyre, Fla., furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required, and release the United States from all claims for damages incidental to the work of improvement. Conditions of local cooperation required by the 9- by 100-foot project authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, were fulfilled with exception of the provision concerning alteration of the Georgia, Florida and Alabama Railroad bridge at McIntyre, Fla., which con- dition was removed by authority offthe River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. Local interests were notified January 9, 1951, of the conditions of local cooperation as altered by the authorization of a 12- by 125-foot waterway in Public Law 675, 77th Congress (July 23, 1942), and by revised regulations pertaining to bridge clearances across the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities available for public use are located at Carrabelle, Apalachicola, .Panama City, and Pensacola, Fla.; Mobile and Bayou La Batre Ala;iPascagoula, Biloxi, Gulf- port, Pass Christian, and Bay St. Louis, Miss. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans removed 486,329 cubic yards of material from the Apalachicola Bay to Carrabelle section December 17, 1954, to Febru- ary 17, 1955, at a cost of $50,858; 273,888 cubic yards from the Apala- chicola River-St. Andrew Bay section April 5 to May 10, 1955, at a cost of $30,037; 207,705 cubic yards from the Choctawhatchee Bay- West Bay section September 28 to November 15, 1954, at a cost of $40,014; and 11,372 cubic yards from the Pensacola Bay-Mobile Bay section September 21 to 23, 1954, at a cost of $2,532. Government 402 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 plant and hired labor removed 1,063 obstructions from the Apalachi- cola River-St. Andrew Bay section April 25, 1955, to May 13, 1955,. at a cost of $4,307. Government plant and hired labor placed 20,400 cubic yards of fill into a spoil area levee on the south side of the Gulf County Canal December 1, 1954, to February 17, 1955, and 9,921 cubic yards May 16 to May 31, 1955, at a cost of $8,184. Repair and maintenance work on the erosion-protective works in the Choctawhatchee Bay-West Bay section of the waterway was per- formed by Government plant and hired labor from July 1 to Sep- tember 30, 1954, and from March 7 to 17, 1955, at a cost of $8,399. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys of the entire waterway cost $24,224. The total cost for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1955, was $168,555,, all charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fscal year. The existing project, commenced in 1911, was about 87 percent completed. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, available to navigation as follows: Minimum depth Date Section PrDate Section Left Mid- channel Right depth outside for half outside quarter project quarter width Feet Feet Feet Feet August 1954-.......Apalachicola Bay to Carrabelle, Fla .____. 12 7. 9 8. 5 18. 0 March 1955----.... Apalachicola River to St. Andrew Bay, 12 7. 3 11.0 26. 2 Fla. January 1954_.... Gulf County Canal, Fla------------------ 9 8. 2 8. 0 5. 1 June 1954...-------- Choctawhatchee Bay to West Bay, Fla .__ 12 6. 3 11. 2 7. 7 March 1955-........ Choctawhatchee Bay to Pensacola Bay, 12 12. 0 12. 0 12. O0 Fla. March 1955-- .... Pensacola Bay, Fla., to Mobile Bay, Ala__ 12 10. 5 10. 5 4 10. 5 Jane 1955 ......... - Mobile Bay, Ala., to the Rigolets, La _ 12 10. 0 10. 0 6 10. 0 1 Mile 353 to 355. 2 Controlling dimensions at mile 310.2 are 11 feet by 50 feet. 8Mile 258.0 to 261.0. 4 Mile 138.8 to 140.0. 6 Mile 129.0 to 129.9. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging to project dimensions the section from Carrabelle, Fla., to Apalachee Bay, Fla., via Carrabelle, Crooked, and Ochlockonee Rivers, and Ochlockonee and Apalachee Bays, Fla.; and dredging a channel toproject dimensions from Big Lagoon to Pensacola Bay along an alinement north of the present channel. Due to abandonment. of the Georgia, Florida and Alabama Railroad under Interstate Com- merce Commission permit, disposal of the rail, and removal of the fixed bridge across the Ochlockonee River at McIntyre, construction of a new bridge with a movable span at that location, as authorized in the act of March 2, 1945, is no longer necessary. RIVERS AND HARBORS--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 403 The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total Tregular funds-_........ ---- ---- - $5, 494,863 $3, 580, 656 $9,075, 519 Emergency Relief funds-.........------ 340,000 ---------------- 340, 000 Total --------------------------------------- 5,834, 863 3, 580, 656 9, 415, 519 Cost and ftnanoia summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated........ ----------------------- ----------------------------------- $5, 834,863 Cost-------- ..... ------------------------------------------------------..... 5, 834, 863 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $117,100 $127, 147 $98, 588 $138, 029 $160, 765 3, 582, 398 Cost----------------- 159, 021 92, 639 141, 648 129, 384 168, 555 3, 580, 656 1 Exclusive of $45,605 for new work and $65,137 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- $97, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_-_________ _______-----------760, 000 2. ST. MARKS RIVER, FLA. Location. This river, 17 miles long, rises about 14 miles southeast of Tallahassee, Fla., and flows southerly into the Gulf of Mexico, 116 miles east of the new entrance to St. Andrew Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1261.) Previous projects. Provision was made for the removal of obstruc- tions between 1824 and 1844, but apparently under no definite project. For further details see page 686, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide at mean low water on suitable alinement and with greater width where necessary at bends, from the 10-foot contour in Apalachee Bay to the town of St. Marks, with a turning basin of the same depth and 200 feet square at the latter point, for straighten- ing the channel in the vicinity of Big Bayou with existing project depth and width, and for the removal of snags and similar obstructions from the present channel between St. Marks and Newport. The ex- treme tidal range, except during storms, is between 3 and 4 feet. The mean range of tides is 2.4 feet. The project was completed in 1947 at a cost of $193,731 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. 404 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Channel 10 feet deep and a bottom width of 100 feet H. Doe. 453, 70th Cong., 2d sess. at mean low water between the mouth of the river and St. Marks, 6 miles, by dredging. Aug. 26, 1937 Present project dimensions, straightening and widen- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing the channel where necessary and removal of Doc. 77, 74th Cong., 2d sess.1 snags and obstructions. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Straightening channel in the vicinity of Big Bayou H. Doc. 345, 77th Cong., 1st sess. with existing project depth and width. 1 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. For work authorized in accordance with House Document 453, 70th Congress, 2d session, and Rivers and Harbors Committee Document 77, 74th Congress, 2d session, local interests are required to furnish necessary spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance as required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities on this stream consist of small wooden wharves and docks at St. Marks and Newport, used for transferring fish from small fishing craft to cold storage, for unloading petroleum products, for refueling fishing and pleasure craft, and as berths for the small boats located there. They are owned by local residents and by petroleum companies. None is publicly owned, but a privately owned dock with 200 feet of frontage at St. Marks is open to the public. There are small marine ways at both St. Marks and Newport. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. United States plant, operating in St. Marks River, using dragline and hired labor, removed 200 cubic yards of material February 25 to 28, 1955; 4,223 cubic yards of material March 1 to 31, 1955; and 255 cubic yards of material April 1 to 14, 1955, at a cost of $9,502. Miscellaneous investigations and sur- veys cost $1,510. The cost for the fiscal year was $11,012, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in January 1931 and completed in October 1947. The con- trolling depth, ascertained in June 1950, was 9 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $211,445, of which $193,731 was for new work and $17,714 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-- ..--- Cost ..-- ------------ -------..........--............---...-------------------..........--.......... -------------------------------------------------------------- ------------ 1$193, 731 193, 731 Maintenance: Appropriated ..-..... $492 -------------------------------- $11, 012 17, 714 Cost .........------------------ 492 ---------.------------.------------ 11,012 17, 714 1 Exclusive of $36,011 for new work for previous projects. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 405 3. APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE, AND FLINT RIVERS, GA. AND FLA. Location. The Apalachicola River is formed at the southwest cor- ner of the State of Georgia by the junction of the Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers and flows south 108 miles, emptying into Apalachicola Bay. The Florida River enters the Apalachicola River from the east 45.4 miles above its mouth, and the River Styx also enters from the east, 36.7 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1262.) The Chattahoochee River, 418 miles long, rises in northeast Georgia and flows southwesterly to West Point, and thence southerly to join the Flint River at the southwest corner of Georgia, forming the Apalachicola River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for north- west Georgia.) The Flint River, 330 miles long, rises in west central Georgia, flows generally southeasterly to Albany, and thence southwest to the south- west corner of the State, where it joins the Chattahoochee River to form the Apalachicola River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for southwest Georgia.) Previous projects. Expenditures on the Apalachicola River were made between 1828 and 1831, but apparently under no definite proj- ect. In 1835 and 1836, appropriations were made for the Chipola River. For further details, see page 690, Annual Report for 1938. Projects for the Apalachicola River were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, June 13, 1902, January 6, 1934, and June 20, 1938. For further details, see the existing project for Apa- lachicola River, page 568, Annual Report for 1944. Projects for Flint River, Ga., were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, and June 14, 1880. For further details, see the existing project for Flint River, Ga., page 570, Annual Report for 1944. The River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, made an appropriation for the section of the Chattahoochee River between West Point and Franklin, Ga., and appropriations therefor were continued until 1899, when they were discontinued. For further details, see page 1834, Annual Report for 1915, and page 696, Annual Report for 1938. The River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1874, adopted the project for the Chattahoochee River from its mouth to Columbus, Ga. For further details, see existing project for that river on page 572, Annual Report for 1944. For total cost and expenditures on all previous projects, see cost and financial summary for the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla., for the fiscal year 1945. Existing project. Prior to the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, the existing project for the Apalachicola River pro- vided for a channel therein 6 feet deep at low water and 100 feet wide, to be secured by removing snags and overhanging trees and by widen- ing and straightening Moccasin Slough, for a channel 5 feet deep and 60 feet wide through the Cutoff, Lee Slough, and lower Chipola River, together with snagging and dredging to a depth of 6 feet the lower 2,500 feet of Styx River and improving of Florida River by dredging 406 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 a new outlet 6 feet deep, 80 feet wide, and about 600 feet downstream of its present mouth; for the Chattahoochee River, a channel 4 feet deep at low water and 100 feet wide from the mouth to Columbus, Ga., 164 miles, by removing timber obstructions, dredging, contraction works, and shore protection; and for the Flint River, a channel 100 feet wide and 3 feet deep at extreme low water from the mouth to Albany, 103 miles, to be obtained by dredging, rock excavation, con- traction works, and removal of snags, together with a channel for light-draft steamers at moderate stages from Albany to Montezuma, 79 miles, to be obtained by removing loose rocks, snags, and overhang- ing trees. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, approved the general plan presented in House Document No. 342, 76th Congress, 1st ses- sion, for the full development of the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River system in the combined interest of navigation and power, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment of that plan modification of the then existing projects for the Apalachi- cola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers to provide for the construction of 2 of the locks and dams for a 9-foot project, 1 at Fort Benning and 1 at the junction, supplemented by dredging and contraction works, to provide an initial navigable depth of 6 feet to Columbus on the Chattahoochee and to Bainbridge on the Flint at an estimated cost for new work of $6,500,000, with annual maintenance of $200,000 in addi- tion to that previously authorized. The remaining elements of the approved plan included navigation-power dams with locks at the Florence, Fort Gaines, Columbia, and Paramore Landing sites on the Chattahoochee between the Junction and Fort Benning sites; storage- power reservoirs on the upper Chattahoochee at the Roswell, Cedar Creek, and Lanier sites; storage-power reservoirs on the upper Flint at the Woodbury No. 2, Potato Creek, and Auchumpkee Creek sites; dredging, cutoffs, contraction works, or other open river methods, to provide, with the aforementioned dams and flow regulation, channels 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the mouth of the Apalachicola River to Columbus, 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the Flint River from its mouth to Bainbridge, and 5 feet deep and 100 feet wide thence to Albany, at an estimated construction cost to the United States of $66,629,000 for the full development. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved modification of the general plan in accordance with House Document 300, 80th Congress, 1st session, to include improvements proposed by the Chief of Engineers in lieu of the corresponding works of the plan presented in House Document 342, 76th Congress, 1st session, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the modified plan the construction of Buford multipurpose reservoir, Fort Benning lock and dam, and the Upper Columbia and Jim Woodruff, formerly Junction, multiple-purpose developments, and supplemental channel work to provide a channel depth of 9 feet for a minimum width of 100 feet in the Apalachicola River, to Columbus, Ga., on the Chattahoochee River, 268 miles, and to Bainbridge, Ga., on the Flint River, 29 miles above its junction with the Chattahoochee River. The Committee on Public Works of the House of Representatives, by resolution adopted May 19, 1953, approved the plan as proposed by the Chief of Engineers -RIVERS AND HARBORS--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 407 for a low dam at the Columbia site and a high dam at the Fort Gaines site in lieu of a high dam at the Upper Columbia site and a low dam at the Fort Benning site. The following table gives the various features of the proposed locks and dams and multiple-purpose developments included in the existing project: Proposed structures Jim Woodruff Columbia Fort Gaines Buford Dam lock and dam lock and dam lock and dam Miles above mouth-- ........----......---------- 107.6 1------........-- 46.5 ........ _ 75.2 2---......... 348.5 . Nearest town ......................--------------------- Chattahoo- Columbia, Ala_ Fort Gaines, Buford, Ga. chee, Fla. Ga. Distance (miles) ..---------------.---- 1.----------- 3----------- 2 .----------- 5. Greatest lock length available for full 450.------- _450_--- _ 450,__---__ width (feet). Width of chamber (feet)---------------- 82----------- ............ 82----------- 82 .. Lift (feet) ------------------------ 33.0-------- 21.0__--------- 92.0_ . Elevation of normalpoolsurface (m.s.l.). 77.0 .........--------.. 98.0..---------......... 190.0.......--------- 1070.0. Depth over sills at low water (feet) - - 14.0 ......-------.. 13.0 ..... 13.0 .. Character of foundation--_-__. __ Limestone_ __- Limestone... -_ Limestone .... Rock. Kind of dam_._..--------------------- Fixed .-------..... Fixed .....--- Fixed .___.... Fixed. Height of dam (feet)...---------------- 67----------- 58 ..-----------......... 114...----------........ 192. Type of construction--- ....------------ Concrete- ....- Concrete ..... Concrete and Earth. earth. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet)-_ ..-.- - 385,000--------..... 12,000--------- 924,600- ...... 2,554,000. Power development (kilowatts)-....... 30,000...-------...... .....-------------130,000-........ 86,000. Percent complete....--....---------------- 84 ....................------... ----------------.............-------------...... 47. Year opened to navigation--.------------------- --------------- --------------- Estimated c )st: Construction ..... _ ......------------. $43, 596, 500 $10, 661, 600 $62, 528, 000 $22, 347, 400. Lands and damages (including re- locations)...._ --------------- - 2, 783, 500 138, 400 23, 872, 000 16, 852, 600; Total----.........--...-----------------.............. 46,380,000 10,800,000 86, 400,000 39, 200, 000 1 Above mouth of Apalachicola River. ' Above mouth of Chattahoochee River. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $183,760,000, including $980,000 for dredging in the Apalachicola River, and ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimated annual cost for maintenance is $1,134,000, includ- ing $809,000 for operating and care. The mean range of tide at the mouth of the Apalachicola River is 1.6 feet; at the point where the river is formed the variation between low and high water is about 37 feet. On the Chattahoochee River, the variation between average low and high water is about 20 feet, and the extreme fluctuation is 65.3 feet at Eufaula. On the Flint River, the extreme fluctuation of stage due to floods was 40 feet, while the average variation between low and high water is about 21.5 feet. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to fur- nish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and spoil-disposal areas, as and when required, for provision and maintenance of the channel in Apalachicola River below Jim Wood- ruff Dam, to maintain and operate at their expense all utility and high- way facilities which are relocated or otherwise altered as a part of the improvement, to provide suitable public terminal facilities open to all on equal terms, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from the construction of the improvement. In regard to the Jim Woodruff lock and dam and the Apalachicola River below the dam, appropriate State, county, and other responsi- 408 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 ble local agencies concerned have furnished satisfactory written as- surances that the conditions of local cooperation will be met as and when required. The city of Bainbridge, Ga., has acquired a suitable site for terminals. The only.condition of local cooperation applicable to the Buford development is that which required local interests to operate and maintain at their expense relocated or altered utility and highway fa- cilities. This condition is being met by incorporating a clause to that effect in each contract made with local interests relative to relo- cation of facilities. No action has been taken in the matter of local cooperation which may be required in connection with the Fort Gaines and Columbia locks and dams. Terminal facilities. At Apalachicola, Fla., the facilities consist of several marginal pile-and-timber wharves. The landing at Blountstown, Fla., is a natural one. A private wharf at River Junc- tion, Fla., is used for landing and storing sand and gravel. On the Flint River there is a natural landing at Bainbridge, Ga., and also at Albany, Ga. On the Chattahoochee River the terminals consist of natural landings at Columbus, Ga., and Eufaula, Ala., and a ma- sonry marginal landing at Columbus. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work performed on the existing project consisted of continued construction on the Buford and Jim Woodruff Dams, and continued preliminary plan- ning studies on the Fort Gaines Dam. Information regarding opera- tions and costs applicable to the individual developments is presented in the separate reports on the respective projects. The following table summarizes the costs for the fiscal year on the overall project for the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers. Costs Structure Contract Hired labor Total New work: Buford Dam _____________________________________ $7, 167, 798 $2, 656, 78C $9, 824, 578 Fort (laies lock and dam ___ .... __________.___.__ ___ _____ _ .____ 21, 147 21, 147 Jim Woodruff lock and dam _____________....______ 3. 681, 294 516, 874 4, 198, 172 Total new work _________________________________. .. 10, 849, 09l, 3, 194, 801 14, 043, 897 Maintenance operations in connection with Jim Woodruff lock and dam cost $32,563. Total cost for all work was $14,076,460. Condition at end of fiscal year. Information regarding condition at the end of the fiscal year of the individual developments is presented in the separate reports on the respective projects. The controlling depths in the channel at the time shown were as follows: Apalachicola River, 4.5 feet, June 1950; the Cutoff, Lee Slough and Lower Chipola River, 5 feet, October 1943; mouth of Florida River and River Styx, 6 feet, October 1947; Chattahoochee River, mouth to Columbus, 3 feet, June 1945; Flint River, mouth to Bainbridge, 2.6 feet, and Bainbridge to Albany, 1.5 feet, June 1941. Ordinarily, boats drawing 5 feet can operate throughout the year on RIVERS AND HARBORS--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 409 the Apalachicola River at a stage of zero on the River Junction gage. Greater depths are usually available from January to July of each year. On the Chattahoochee River, vessels drawing less than 3 feet may operate throughout the year, and 5 feet can ordinarily be carried from December to June. The head of boat traffic on that river is Columbus, Ga. On the Flint River, greater depths than those shown are generally available between November and June of each year. The head of navigation for boat traffic on that river is Albany, Ga. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of improving the channel of the Apalachicola River from the mouth to Jim Woodruff Dam, completing construction of Jim Woodruff Dam, and constructing Columbia lock and dam, Fort Gaines lock and dam, and Buford Dam. The total cost under the existing project was $58,504,163 of which $58,221,895 was for new work and $282,268 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ...... . ... 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated-......... $4, 520, 000 $7, 411, 152 $14, 365, 000 $12, 522, 000 $12, 538, 000 $64, 627, 152 Cost--------------- 6, 538, 549 8,042, 233 312,344,759 10, 115, 284 14, 043, 897 58, 221, 895 Maintenance: Appropriated......... 12, 080 9, 488 ------------ 3, 240 30, 000 281, 775 Cost------------------ 4, 993 16, 979 ----------- 1, 170 32, 563 2282, 268 1 Exclusive of $1,885,117 for new work and $2,246,233 for maintenance on previous projects. 2 Over expenditure due to retroactive pay increase for Government employees. 3 Previously reported as $12,401,023. Credit of $56,264 not reported in 1953 Annual Report. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -------- $530, 525 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 15, 050, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _______________ ______________________ 15, 580, 525 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ______________________--_ 104, 083, 000 4. BUFORD DAM AND RESERVOIR, APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE, AND FLINT RIVERS, GA. AND FLA. Location. Buford Dam is on the Chattahoochee. River about 348.5 miles above its mouth, 50 miles above Atlanta, and 5 miles northwest of the town of Buford, Ga. The reservoir extends about 47 miles up- stream along the Chattahoochee River, and about 21 miles up the Chestatee River, which enters the Chattahoochee River 14.5 miles above the dam. Existing project. This project, now under construction, consists of a rolled earthfill dam 1,630 feet long, with crest at elevation 1,106 feet mean sea level, or about 192 feet above streambed elevation; three earth saddle dikes with a total length of 6,600 feet; a chute spillway with crest at elevation 1,085; a powerhouse in a deep cut with steel penstocks in tunnels, and concrete intake structure at upstream end of tunnels; and a flood-control sluice tunnel paralleling the power tun- nels. The underlying foundation is rock. The reservoir will have a 410 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 gross capacity of 2,554,000 acre-feet, of which 637,000 acre-feet will be reserved for flood control and 1,049,000 acre-feet will be used for hydroelectric power, with normal pool elevation at 1,070. Power installations will consist of 1 generating unit of 6,000 kilowatts, and 2 units of 40,000 kilowatts each, or a total of 86,000 kilowatts. The approved estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $39,200,000, of which $22,347,400 is for construction, and $16,852,600 for lands, damages, and relocations. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $263,000. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved modification of the general plan for full development of the Apalachicola, Chatta- hoochee, and Flint River system, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment thereof the construction of Buford multi- purpose reservoir and other related developments in accordance with House Document 300, 80th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to main- tain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which may be relocated or otherwise altered as part of the improve- ment, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from construction of the improvement. Applicable con- tracts made with local interests contain a clause to the effect that they will maintain and operate, at their expense, relocated facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work performed under contract during the fiscal year was as follows: Main dam (nonoverflow section) continued___ ------------- $1, 288, 776 Outlet works (exclusive of power) continued: Gates ----------------------------------------- --------- 5, 858 Hoists ---- ------------------------------------------- 109, 481 Power intake works, continued: Intake structures _----------------------- 1, 187, 493 Head gates, stop logs, trash rack 19, 648 Trash rake, hoist and car------- 14, 735 Elevators -------------------------------------- ----- 17, 975 Design and manufacture of turbines and generators continued: Turbine No. 3 (cc-1087) ----------------------------------- 108,716 Turbines Nos. 1 and 2 (cc-1'088) ------------------------- 1,087, 520 Generators (cc-1169) 663, 852 1--------------------------- Relocation of roads, railroads, and utilities_-- 1, 516, 893 Buildings, grounds, and utilities _----- - ------------------- 146, 851 Total contract costs__ .--.......------------ - 7,167, 798 New work performed with hired labor consisted of continued ac- quisition of lands and ,payment of damages at a cost of $1,601,805. The cost of stores and supplies (or construction facilities) was $4,276. Permanent operating equipment cost $13. The cost for engineering, design, inspection, and supervision was $1,050,686. The total cost during the fiscal year for Buford Dam and Reservoir was $9,824,578, charged to new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of Buford Dam and Reservoir, which was initiated in March 1950, was about 47 percent completed. Saddle dikes, spillway, lining of tunnels, and placing of compacted fill for the main earth dam were practically completed. Construction of intake structure and sluice outlet works was nearing completion. Design and manufacture of turbines and generators were being continued. Work in connection with land acquisition and relo- RIVERS AND HARBORS---MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 411 cation of roads and utilities was in progress. Work remaining to be done includes completion of powerhouse and switchyard; acquisition of lands, relocation of roads and utilities; and clearing of the reser- voir area. The total cost under the existing project for Buford Dam and Reservoir was $18,471,457 for new work. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--......... $1,318,000 $1, 150, 000 $4, 101, 000 $5, 120, 000 $10,310,000 $22, 981,000 Cost.----------------- 669, 614 1, 785, 537 2,165, 034 3, 301, 262 9,824,578 18, 471, 457 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30 1955 - $424, 462 -------- Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 11, 830, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------- ------- 12, 254, 462 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- _____ ---- __ ..--- -___4, 389, 000 5. FORT GAINES LOCK AND DAM, APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE, AND FLINT RIVERS, GA. AND FLA. Location. The proposed Fort Gaines Lock and Dam will be lo- cated on the Chattahoochee River about 75.2 miles above its mouth and about 1.5 miles above the town of Fort Gaines, Ga. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey maps for northwest Georgia.) Existi'ng project. This project, as now planned, provides for a concrete dam, gated spillway, and tandem locks, with earth embank- ments at either side. The non-overflow section of the dam will include powerhouse and intake structures. The gated spillway will be 692 feet long with fixed crest at elevation 163 feet mean sea level. The two earth embankments, of almost equal lengths, will have a total length of 11,940 feet, with crest elevation at 216, or about 114 feet above streambed elevation. The non-overflow section of the concrete dam will have a total length of 712 feet, and the deck of the power- house section will be at elevation 209. The two locks in tandem will each have usable chamber dimensions of 82 feet by 450 feet, and a combined total lift of 92 feet with normal upper pool elevation at 190. Depths will be 13 feet over lower sill and 18 feet over upper sill at normal pool elevation. The underlying foundation is limestone. Total reservoir capacity will be 924,600 acre-feet, with 209,800 acre- feet reserved for power. Power installation will consist of 4 units of 32,500 kilowatts each, or a total of 130,000 kilowatts. The approved estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $86,400,000, of which $62,528,000 is for construction, and $23,872,000 for lands, damages, and relocations. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $374,000, including opera- tion and care. The Committee on Public Works of the House of Representatives, 412 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 by resolution adopted May 19, 1953, approved the plan as proposed by the Chief of Engineers for a high dam at the Fort Gaines site and a low dam at the Columbia site in lieu of a low dam at the Fort Benning site and a high dam at the upper Columbia site, construction of which had been authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, as initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan for full develop- ment of the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River system. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to main- tain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which may be relocated or otherwise altered as part of the improve- ment, to provide suitable public terminal facilities open to all on equal terms, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from construction of the improvement. No action in the matter of local cooperation has been initiated. Terminal facilities. On the Chattahoochee River the terminals con- sist of natural landings at Columbus, Ga., and Eufaula, Ala., and a masonry marginal landing at Columbus. These facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Hired labor : Advanced engineering and design studies pertaining to the earth embankment were continued. The total cost was $21,147 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on this project. A memorandum on the general design has been completed. Work remaining to be done prior to initiation of construction consists of completing engineering and design studies and preparing plans and specifications. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $601,782 for new work. Cost and financiaZ summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, include ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Appropriated ......-------- (2) (2) (1) $152, 000 $23, 000 $606, 113 Cost----------------- (2) (2) 1$187, 598 158, 855 21, 147 601, 782 1 Amounts shown are those carried on cost account (form 38) for upper Columbia lock and dam. (Fort Gaines lock and dam is now proposed in lieu of the formerly proposed upper Columbia lock and dam.) 2Amounts included under project for Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30 1955----------- $4, 241 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -- 1, 800, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------_ 1,804, 241 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------_ 83, 994, 000 6. JIM WOODRUFF LOCK AND DAM, APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE AND FLINT RIVERS, GA. AND FLA. Location. Jim Woodruff lock and dam is on the Apalachicola River, 107.6 miles above its mouth, about 1,000 feet below the con- fluence of the Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers, and 1.5 miles north- RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 413 west of Chattahoochee, Fla. The reservoir extends about 52 miles upstream along the Chattahoochee River to the vicinity of Columbia, Ala., and about 47 miles upstream along the Flint River, or 17 river miles above Bainbridge, Ga. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for southwest Georgia.) Existing project. This project, now under construction, consists of a concrete open-crest spillway 1,584 feet long on the right bank, with crest at elevation 79.0 feet mean sea level; a single-lift lock with usable chamber dimensions of 82 feet by 450 feet, a maximum lift of 33.0 feet, and depth over sills of 14.0 feet; a gated spillway 760 feet long with bridge at elevation 107 feet mean sea level, or about 67 feet above streambed elevation; a powerhouse with intake section constituting a portion of the dam; an earth section 490 feet long to accommodate switchyard and substation; and an overflow dike sec- tion 2,820 feet long on left bank, with crest at elevation 85. The underlying foundation is limestone. At normal pool elevation of 77, the reservoir will have a total capacity of 385,000 acre-feet, of which 37,000 acre-feet will be used for the generation of hydroelectric power. The power installation consists of 3 units of 10,000 kilowatts each, or a total of 30,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $46,380,000, of which $43,596,500 is for construction, and $2,783,500 for lands, dam- ages, and relocations. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $335,000, including $263,000 for operating and care. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved modification of the general plan for full development of the Apalachicola, Chatta- hoochee, and Flint River system, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment thereof the construction of Jim Woodruff, formerly Junction, multipurpose development and other related de- velopments in accordance with House Document 300, 80th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to fur- nish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas, as and when required, for provision and maintenance of the channel in Apalachicola River below Jim Woodruff Dam, to maintain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which are relocated or otherwise altered as part of the improvement, to provide suitable public terminal facili- ties open to all on equal terms, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from construction of the improvement. Appropriate state, county, and other responsible local agencies concerned have furnished satisfactory written assurances that the conditions of local cooperation will be met as and when required. The city of Bainbridge, Ga., has acquired a suitable site for terminals. Terminal facilities. A private wharf at River Junction, Fla., is used for landing and storing sand and gravel. On the Flint River there is a natural landing at Bainbridge, Ga., and also at Albany, Ga. On the Chattahoochee River the terminals consist of natural land- ings at Columbus, Ga., and Eufaula, Ala., and a masonry marginal 414 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 landing at Columbus. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work performed under contract during the fiscal year was as follows: Construction of gated spillway continued ----------------------- $556, 985 Work on powerhouse continued------------------------------ 2, 726,618 Powerhouse equipment--------------------------------------- 62, 606 Work on switchyard continued------------------------------ 226,346 Channel excavation--------- -------------------------------- 1, 050 Buildings, grounds and utilities---------------------------------- 284 Permanent operating equipment----------------------------- 11, 959 Relocations of road and utilities completed----------------------- 13,197 Reservoir clearing completed------------------------- -------- 82, 253 Total contract costs---------------- ---------------- 3, 681,298 New work performed with hired labor consisted of continued ac- quisition of lands and payment of damages at a cost of $116,964. En- gineering, design, supervision, and administration cost $399,910. Maintenance operation in connection with the project cost $32,563. The total cost during the fiscal year was $4,230,735, of which $4,198,172 was for new work, and $32,563 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of Jim Woodruff lock and dam, which was commenced in September 1947, was about 84 percent completed. Construction of the overflow dike, the lock, and the fixed crest spillway was completed. Reservoir clearing was completed. Construction of the gated spillway, powerhouse, and switchyard was well advanced. Procurement of three 14,000 horse- power turbines, three 10,000-kilowatt generators, and all associated accessory electric and miscellaneous powerplant equipment was ac- complished. Acquisition of land and all relocations was completed. Work remaining to be done consists principally of completion of gated spillway, powerhouse, and switchyard, and some further reser- voir clearing. The total cost under the existing project for Jim Woodruff lock and dam was $39,105,350, of which $39,071,617 was for new work and $33,733 for maintenance. Cost and financia summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ* ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-......... $2, 922, 000 $6, 309, 000 $10, 264, 000 $7, 250, 000 $2, 200, 000 $40, 963, 000 Cost--------------- 5, 948, 571 6, 053, 839 10, 030, 160 6, 655, 167 4, 198, 172 39, 071, 617 Maintenance: Appropriated.........------------........................------------------............3, 240 30, 000 33, 240 Cost----------------------- ------------------------ 1, 170 32, 563 1 33, 733 1Over expenditure due to retroactive pay increase for Government employees. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ - --- $101, 821 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - - 920, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------_ -------------------- 1, 021, 821 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------_ 4, 497, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 415 7. PORT ST. JOE HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the northwest coast of Florida, 115 miles east of Pensacola Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1263.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 37 feet deep, 500 feet wide, at its outer end and diminishing progressively in width to 400 feet at the first bend, thence 400 feet wide to the entrance to St. Joseph Bay, a distance of 7 miles, a north bay (inner) channel 35 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and about 7 miles long; and a south bay (inner) channel 27 feet deep and 200 feet wide leading to a turning basin 32 feet deep and about 1,000 feet wide and 2,000 feet long at the Port St. Joe waterfront. The project provides also for a harbor channel in the turning basin 35 feet deep and 250 feet wide with its shoreward edge 100 feet from and parallel to the face of the existing wharf. The average tidal variation is 1.4 feet. The extreme range, except during storms, is about 4 feet. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $1,900,000 exclusive of $20,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $80,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Project document recommended a width of 350 feet H. Doc. 660, 62d Cong., 2d sess. and the act limited the width to 300 feet with a depth of 24 feet across the bar at the entrance to the bay. Aug. 26, 1937 An entrance channel 300 feet wide and 29 feet deep, Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 and a bay channel 200 feet wide and 27 feet deep, Doc. 10, 76th Cong., 1st sess. with a turning basin at the proposed municipal pier at Port St. Joe. Mar. 2,1945 Adoption of South Channel 27 feet deep and 200 feet S. Doc. 17, 77th Cong., 1st sess., wide from bay to turning basin, provision of a 32- and report of Chief of Engineers.' by 300-foot entrance channel, a 32- by 200-foot north bay (inner) channel, and a 32- by 1,000- by 2,000-foot turning basin. 1 Sept. 3,1954 The existing project...................---------------------------..H. Doc. 595, 81st Cong., 2d sess. I Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. For work authorized prior to Act of Septem- ber 3, 1954, fully complied with. For maintenance of work authorized prior to the 1954 act, local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable spoil-disposal areas as required. For work authorized by the 1954 act, local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction and maintenance of the project when and as required, hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, and provide and maintain adequate depths between the docks and the edge of the proposed channel as may be required by shipping. Action to secure compliance of the requirements imposed by the 1954 act has not been initiated. 363037-55-vol. 2- 27 416 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Terminal facilities. The rail- and highway-connected terminal facilities at this port are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port and Terminal Facilities issued in 1941.) Operations and results during the fiscal year. The U. S. Hopper Dredge Langfitt, operating in the entrance channel, north channel, and turning basin from October 18 to November 4, 1954, removed 196,101 cubic yards of material at a cost of $81,143, all maintenance. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $1,909. The cost for the fiscal year was $83,052, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project authorized by acts prior to 1954 was commenced in 1913 and completed in February 1949. No work has been done on the modification authorized in the 1954 River and Harbor Act. Overall percentage of completion is 31 per- cent. The controlling depths in the channels at the times shown were as follows: Entrance channel 31.5 feet, June 1955; and north bay (inner) channel, 32.0 feet, November 1954; south bay (inner) channel, 21.7 feet, June 1950; and turning basin 29.5 feet, November 1954. The total cost under the existing project was $1,060,228, of which $579,989 was for new work and $480,239 for maintenance. In addi- tion, $20,000 from contributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated .........------------------------ ---------------- ------- ---------- $579, 989 Cost----------- --------------------------------------------- ------------ 579, 989 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $47, 800 $3, 720 $69, 295 $4, 972 $82,:250 480,112 Cost .---------------- 48, 141 4, 300 68, 972 4, 620 83, 052 2480, 239 1Exclusive of $20,000 expended for new work from contributed funds. 2 Over expenditure due to retroactive pay increase for Government employees. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------_ $1, 320, 000 8. PANAMA CITY HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the northwest coast of Florida, 102 miles east of the entrance to Pensacola Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1263.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 541, Annual Report for 1934, and page 710, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel about 1.8 miles long extending from deepwater in the bay across Lands End to the Gulf of Mexico, 300 feet wide and 32 feet deep in the bay and across Lands End and 450 feet wide and 34 feet deep in the approach channel in the Gulf, and protected by two jetties, each about 700 feet long; and for a channel in Watson Bayou 100 feet wide and 10 feet deep from RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 417 that depth in St. Andrew Bay to the highway bridge, about 13/4 miles. The mean tidal range is 1.3 feet, and the extreme range, except during storms, is about 4 feet. The project has been completed at a cost of $687,017 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $85,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 Channels 27 and 29 feet deep. Abandonment of H. Doc. 33, 73d Cong., 1st sess.' project adopted by Act of June 25, 1910. Mar. 2,1945 Maintenance of a channel in Watson Bayou 100 feet H. Doec.555, 76th Cong., 3d sess.l wide and 10 feet deep from that depth in St. Andrew Bay to the highway bridge. June 30, 1948 Channels 32 and 34 feet deep--- H. Doc. 559, 80th Cong., 2d sess.1 .--.--------------- 1Contain the latest published maps. The existing project for St. Andrew Bay was also authorized by the Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for work authorized in accordance with House Document No. 555, 76th Congress, 3d ses- sion, which provides that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil- disposal areas for maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at this port are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port and Terminal Facilities issued in 1941.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. hopper dredge Langfitt removed 219,303 cubic yards of material in the entrance channel October 5 to 18, 1954, at a cost of $50,715. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $2,003. The cost for the fiscal year was $52,718, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in 1933 and completed in November 1949. The controlling depths in the channels at the times shown were as follows: Channel from bay across Land End, 32.0 feet, approach channel in the Gulf, 33.0 feet, June 1955; and channel in Watson Bayou, 9.2 feet, April 1942. The costs on the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ------------------------------------- $105,058 $1,634, 700 $1, 739, 758 Public works funds_-------------------............. 581, 959 ----............. 581, 959 Total_-.- ..- . .-------- ..- ...........----... 687,017 1,634,700 2,321, 717 418 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMIIY, 1955 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19512 New work: Appropriated--------- -------- --------- ------------------ . --------------.. $687, 017 Cost---- ----- ----------------------- ----------------------------------- 687, 017 Maintenance: Appropriated--....-------. $50, 800 $38, 500 $55, 207 $3, 500 $52, 277 1, 634, 628 Cost---- ------------- 23, 740 65, 973 55, 559 3, 132 52, 717 11, 634, 700 1 Over expenditure due to retroactive pay increase of Government employees. 2 Exclusive of $203,560 for new work and $513,604 for maintenance for previous projects. 9. EAST PASS CHANNEL FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO INTO CHOCTAWHATCHEE BAY, FLA. Location. This is an entrance from the Gulf of Mexico into Choc- tawhatchee Bay at the eastern end of Santa Rosa Island. It is 48 miles east of the entrance into Pensacola Bay and 49 miles west of the new entrance to St. Andrew Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1264.) Existing project. This provides for maintenance of a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 180 feet wide, and about 3 miles long from Choctawhatchee Bay into the Gulf of Mexico, and maintenance of a channel 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about 2,000 feet long from the East Pass Channel into Old Pass Lagoon. The mean range of tide is 1.3 feet; the extreme range, except during storms, is 2.5 feet. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3,1930 Maintenance of a channel not less than 6 feet deep and H. Doc. 209, 70th Cong., 1st sess. 100 feet wide from Choctawhatchee Bay into the Gulf of Mexico. 2 Oct. 24, 19511 Maintenance of entrance channel 12 feet deep and 180 H. Doe. 470, 81st Cong., 2d sess. feet wide and channel to Old Pass Lagoon 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide. 1 Public Law 193, 82d Cong. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Requires that local interests hold and save the United States free from property damage that might result from maintenance operations. No action in the matter of local cooperation has been initiated. Terminal facilities. The small privately owned pile-and-timber piers used in connection with the fishing industry in this locality are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans, operating in the channel connecting East Pass and Old Pass Lagoon, removed 11,677 cubic yards of material December 13 to 15, 1954, at a cost of $1,798, and 10,770 cubic yards May 14 to 17, RIVERS AND HARBORS MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 419 1955, at a cost of $3,070. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $710. The total cost for the fiscal year was $5,578, all charged to mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, which is for maintenance only, was commenced in 1930, and the work has been carried on intermittently since that time. The controlling depth in the entrance was 10.8 feet in March 1955, and 6.0 feet in the channel to Old Pass Lagoon in May 1955. The cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $183,640, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $7, 004 $51, 867 $13, 700 $21, 107 $2, 394 $183, 640 Cost ---- 7, 054 51, 867 13, 072 18, 551 5, 578 183, 640 10. PENSACOLA HARBOR, FLA. Location. This harbor is a landlocked bay on the coast of north- west Florida, about 50 miles east of the entrance to Mobile Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 490 and 1265.) Previous projects. Authorized by the River and Harbor Act ap- proved June 18, 1878, amended and modified by the acts of August 18, 1894, and March 3, 1899. Work under the existing project was begun in 1903. For further details, see page 1835, Annual Report for 1915, and page 714, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 32 feet deep at mean low water, 500 feet wide, and about 3.4 miles long from the Gulf of Mexico to deep water in Pensacola Bay, and an inner- harbor channel parallel to the pierhead line and not less than 50 feet therefrom, 500 feet wide, 30 feet deep, and about 4,000 feet long, with approach channels 250 feet wide, 30 feet deep, and about 3,700 feet long at each end of the inner-harbor channel and an approach channel 250 feet wide, 30 feet deep, and about 1.2 miles long to the pierhead line south of the Muscogee wharf; for a channel 21 feet deep and 100 feet wide from that depth in Pensacola Bay to the mouth of Bayou Chico, thence 20 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the bayou to a point 4,400 feet upstream from the Escambia County highway bridge, and for a depth of 20 feet in the existing turning basin, which is 500 feet square, and for strengthening of bridge piers. The total length of the Bayou Chico improvement is 1.9 miles. The mean range of tide throughout the harbor is about 1.1 feet near the entrance and about 1.6 feet at the head of the bay. The extreme tidal range, except during storms, is about 3 feet. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $669,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $55,500. 420 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 A channel 30 feet deep at mean low water and 500 feet Specified in act. wide from the Gulf of Mexico to the dock line at the east end of the city of Pensacola, and also pro- vided that $150,000 may be used in constructing or purchasing a seagoing suction dredge. 2 Aug. 30,19351 Modified the existing project to provide for the pres- H. Doc. 253, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ent inner channels and the deepening of the entrance channel to 32 feet. Aug. 26. 1937 Improvement of Bayou Chico.......-------------------Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 Doc. 96, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. [2,1945 Modified improvement of Bayou Chico, Fla--.......... H. Doc. 743, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contain the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for work author- ized in accordance with House Document 743, 79th Congress, 2d ses- sion, which provides that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent main- tenance when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages that may result from the improvement. For the work authorized in accordance with Rivers and Harbors Committee Document 96, 74th Congress, 2d session, local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable spoil- disposal areas for subsequent maintenance. Local interests were notified of the requirements of local cooperation May 27, 1946. Terminal facilities. The modern rail-connected terminal facilities at this port are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 18, revised in 1949.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. hopper dredge Langfitt removed 264,207 cubic yards of material in the en- trance channel November 9 to 19, 1954, at a cost of $46,990. Miscel- laneous investigations and surveys cost $2,863. The cost for the fiscal year was $49,853, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, commenced in 1903, was about 75 percent completed. The controlling depths of the channel at the times shown were as follows: Entrance channel, 32 feet, June 1955; inner-harbor channels to the Frisco Railroad pier, 29 feet, Tarragona Street pier, 30 feet, and the Muscogee Street pier, 29.0 feet, March 1955; Bayou Chico inner channel, 11.0 feet, outer channel, 15.0 feet, and turning basin, 14.0 feet, March 1955. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging a channel 21 feet deep and 100 feet wide from that depth in Pensacola Bay to the mouth of Bayou Chico, thence 20 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the bayou to a point 4,400 feet upstream from the Escambia County highway bridge, deepening the existing turning basin in the bayou to 20 feet, and strengthening bridge piers. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 421 The costs on the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ------------------------------------- $381, 161 $1, 374, 802 $1, 755, 963 Public works funds------------ 119, 673 -------------- 19 119, 673 Total...........................---------------------------------------. 500, 834 1,374, 802 1, 875, 636 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ------------ ------------------------------------------------ $500,834 Cost.--------.........------------------------------------------------------------ 500,834 Maintenance: Appropriated.----------$28, 500 $2, 030 $70, 241 $4, 960 $48, 373 1, 374, 802 ...... Cost----------------........ 33, 364 2, 180 69, 701 4, 020 49, 853 1, 374, 802 1Exclusive of $594,688 for new wcrk and $126,649 fcr maintenance f:r previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_-------- - _----- $168, 200 11. MOBILE HARBOR, ALA. Location. This harbor, located along the lower 5 miles of Mobile River, is in southwestern Alabama, 91 miles by water west of Pensa- cola Harbor, Fla., 90 miles east of Gulfport Harbor, Miss., and 144 miles by water northeast of the mouth of the Mississippi River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1266.) Previous projects. The original project for the bar channel was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. The original project for the bay and river channels was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of May 20, 1826, and subsequent projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 11, 1870; March 3, 1879; August 11, 1888; March 3, 1899; June 25, 1910; and August 8, 1917. For further details, see page 1840, Annual Report for 1915; pages 802 and 807, Annual Report for 1916; page 833, Annual Report for 1929; and page 718, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (1) a 42- by 600-foot channel about 1.5 miles long across Mobile Bar; (2) a 40- by 400-foot channel in Mobile Bay to the mouth of Mobile River; (3) a 40-foot channel in Mobile River to the highway bridge, the widths varying from 500 to 775 feet; (4) a 25-foot channel from the highway bridge to and up Chickasaw Creek to a point 400 feet south of the mouth of Shell Bayou, the widths being 500 feet in Mobile River and 250 feet in Chickasaw Creek; (5) an anchorage area 40 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 2,000 feet long opposite the United States Quarantine Station on Sand Island; (6) a turning basin 32 feet deep, 2,500 feet long, and 800 to 1,000 feet wide, opposite the Alabama State Docks; (7) a turning basin 40 feet deep, 800 feet wide, and 1,400 feet long opposite Magazine 422 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Point; (8) a 27- by 150-foot channel from the mouth of Mobile River to and including a turning basin 250 feet wide and 800 feet long in Garrows Bend, and continuing thence to a turning basin 800 feet long and 600 feet wide opposite Brookley Air Force Base ocean terminal, thence a 27- by 150-foot channel along Arlington pier to the Mobile Bay Channel; and (9) maintenance by snagging Three Mile Creek from its intersection with the Industrial Canal to Mobile River. The project includes a provision permitting local interests to close the Garrows Bend channel by constructing a solid-fill causeway between McDuffie Island and the mainland. The total length of the bay and river channels is about 41.7 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range at the lower end of the improvement is 1.2 feet and at the upper end 1.5 feet; the extreme tidal range is 3.4 feet at the lower end and 3.6 feet at the upper end. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $6,978,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $400,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions across the bar and to the Rivers and Harbors Committee mouth of the Mobile River, thence 32 feet deep and Doc. 26, 71st Cong., 2d sess. 300 feet wide to the highway bridge; and for the anchorage basin. Aug. 26, 1937 For improvement of Three Mile Creek by snagging Rivers and Harbors Committee from Mobile River to the Industrial Canal. Doc. 69, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Do- ..... To provide a 500-foot channel 32 feet deep from a Rivers and Harbors Committee point about 5,000 feet south of the mouth of Three Doc. 44, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Mile Creek to the highway bridge across Mobile River, subject to the provision that no dredging be performed within 50 feet of any pierhead line. Oct. 17,1940 To provide a channel 27 feet deep and 125 feet wide H. Doc. 221, 76th Cong., 1st sess. from the Mobile River channel at its mouth through Garrows Bend to and including a turning basin of the same depth, 800 feet long and 250 feet wide. Do- .... Further modified to provide for extension of the chan- H. Doc. 282, 76th Cong., 1st sess. nel through Garrows Bend 27 feet deep and 125 feet wide, to and including a turning basin of the same depth, 800 feet long and 600 feet wide. May 28,1935 Authorized and adopted the improvement of Chicka- Emergency Relief Act of 1935. Aug. 30,1935 saw Creek by snagging and dredging. H. Doc. 47, 73d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Adoption of existing channel through Garrows Bend H. Doc. 282, 76th Cong., 1st sess. from Choctaw Point to Arlington pier, 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide, with 2 turning basins. Adoption of the existing channel alongside Arlington pier from the Mobile Bay Channel to turning basin at the inner end of Garrows Bend Channel, 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide. An anchorage area 32 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and approximately 2,000 feet long on the west side of the Mobile Bay Channel at the quarantine station on Sand Island, by extending the present anchorage southward 500 feet and northward to an intersec- tion with the Mobile River Channel. A channel 700 feet wide in Mobile River from the mouth to the first bend, 775 feet wide through the first bend, 600 feet wide thence to Alabama State docks pier A, south, and a turning basin opposite the Alabama State docks about 2,500 feet long, 800 feet wide at the lower end, and 1,000 feet wide at the upper end, all to a depth of 32 feet. A channel 25 feet deep and generally 500 feet wide in Mobile River from the highway bridge to the mouth of Chickasaw Creek, thence 25 feet deep and 250 feet wide in Chickasaw Creek to a point about 400 feet below Shell Bayou. See footnote at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 423 Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Sept. 3,1954 Enlarging Mobile Bar channel to 42 by 600 feet- .... H. Doc. 74, 83d Cong., 1st sess. Enlarging Mobile Bay channel to 40 by 400 feet. Deepening Mobile River channel below highway bridge to 40 feet over present widths, including existing turning basins and anchorage areas. Widening river channel opposite Magazine Point to provide a 40- by 800- by 1,400-foot turning basin. Do-.... Closure of Garrows Bend channel by construction Sec. 104, act of Sept. 3, 1954. and operation of an earth-filled causeway across said channel (work to be done by local interests). 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. For work authorized prior to the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, fully complied with. For the work authorized in accordance with House Document No. 47, 73d Congress, 1st session; Rivers and Harbors Committee Document No. 44, 75th Congress, 1st session; House Document No. 221, 76th Congress, 1st session; House Document No. 282, 76th Congress, 1st session; and House Document No. 739, 79th Congress, 2d session; local interests are required to furnish necessary spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance as required. For work authorized by the 1954 act, local interests are required to furnish, without cost to the United States, suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as re- quired; provide suitable depths in the berthing areas at terminals when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from all damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements. The organization having legal authority to act for local interests have been advised of the stipulations and have submitted a formal resolu- tion to the effect that all conditions will be met as and when required. Terminal facilities. The modern rail-connected terminal facilities at this port are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 18, revised in 1949.) Operations and results during the fiscal year. Maintenance: The contractors' pipeline dredge Mansfield removed 2,128,048 cubic yards of material from the Mobile Bay channel July 1 to September 10, 1954, and 1,648,230 cubic yards of material from Mobile River chan- nel from September 20 to December 14, 1954, at a cost of $311,925. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $15,353. The cost for the fiscal year was $327,278, charged to maintenance. Closure of the Garrows Bend channel by construction of an earthfill causeway was accomplished by local interests during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, prior to the modification authorized in the 1954 act, was commenced in 1931 and completed in 1949. Work authorized in 1954 has not been started. The latest examinations of the project now being maintained show 424 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 minimum depths, at mean low water, available to navigation as follows : Minimum depth Date Section Project depth 1 Left Left Right Right outside inside inside outside quarter quarter quarter quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet March 1955 ...- Bar channel ....----------------------- 36 31. 0 34. 0 35. 5 26. 0 Bay channel: February 1955__ South end to beacon 24----..... 32 30. 0 32. 0 32. 0 32. 0 Do .__.... Beacon 24 to beacon 38_-.-.- 32 28. 5 32. 0 32. 0 27. 5 Do ... .. Beacon 38 to mouth of river-... 32 29. 0 32. 0 32. 0 30. 5 River channel: December 1954_ Mouth to first bend-....--....-. 32 32. 0 32. 0 32. 0 32. 0 Do_ ..... Through first bend .._..... 32 32. 0 32. 0 32. 0 32. 0 March 1955 .... Second bend to turning basin 32 30. 0 32. 0 30. 0 37. 5 Do ......-------- Turning basin- __- _...--- 32 32. 0 32. 0 32. 0 31. 5 February 1955__ Turning basin to highway 32 31. 5 27. 5 20. 0 17. 5 bridge. Chickasaw Creek: March 1955 .- - Highway bridge to mouth of 25 25. 0 25. 0 18. 5 17. 5 creek. April 1955 ... Mouth to 400 feet .--------------- 25 23. 0 24. 0 24. 0 22. 5 June 1954 - .-- Arlington channel ................. 27 27. 0 27. 0 27. 0 27. 0 October 1953_ _ Garrows Bend channel -.......--.. 27 20. 0 22. 0 22. 0 19. 5 June 1954_..... Garrows Bend Turning Basin..... 27 27. 0 27. 0 27. 0 27. 0 February 1955.- Quarantine Station Basin ..-..... 32 32. 0 32. 0 32. 0 32. 0 1 Prior to modification of 1954. 2 Blocked by an earth-filled causeway. The costs on the existing project to June 30, 1955 were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds__------------------------------------ _ $1, 144, 937 $6, 863, 695 $8, 008,632 Public Works funds ----------------------------------- 14, 000 - --- 14, 000 Emergency Relief funds_------------------------------- 41, 242 41, 242 Total --------------------------------------- 1, 200,179 6, 863, 695 8, 063, 874 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated___ ------------ --------------------- ------------ ---------- $1, 200, 179 Cost--- ------------ -_ _ -- ------------ _------------ _---- -------- 1, 200, 179 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- $216, 031 $306, 050 $473, 369 $245, 410 $174, 825 6, 863, 695 Cost-_--------- -- 257, 945 350, 637 474, 598 96, 100 327, 278 6, 863, 695 1 Exclusive of $6,683,104 for new work and $4,096,681 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ $1, 000, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project4-------------------------- , 778, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 425 12. REMOVING THE WATER HYAOINTH, MOBILE DISTRICT Location. Streams tributary to the Gulf coast in the Mobile district. , Existing project. This provides for the extermination or removal of plants from the navigable waters of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, so far as they are or may become an obstruction to commerce, by any mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever; for the construction and operation of boats equipped with suitable machinery for such removal; and for the construction and operation of log booms to prevent the drifting of plants from one stream to another. The estimate of cost, made in 1899, was $25,000 each for 2 boats, $10,000 for operation in each district, and $1,000 for the establishment of booms. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Appropriations made for the States of Florida and H. Doc. 91, 55th Cong., 3d sees. Louisiana and provided for the extermination or removal of plants, the building of boats, and the establishment of booms. June 13,1902 Use of any mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever. Mar. 3,1905 Appropriation made available for the State of Texas__ Do .... - Appropriation made for Florida, provided that no Mar. 2, 1907 chemical process injurious to cattle shall be used. July 25,1912 Appropriation made available for the State of Misis- sippi, and also made available for use in that State the onerating plant pertaining to the work in Louisiana. July 27,1916 Appropriation made available for the State of Alabama Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. United States plant and hired labor operating in Alabama on Lizzard Creek, Tensaw River, Little Briar Creek, Big Briar Creek, Gravines Bayou, Raft River, Oak Bayou, Rabbit Creek, Bayou Sara, Catfish Bayou and Black Creek, July 1 to 31, 1954; Bayou Sara, Bayou Canot, Alligator Creek, Williams Creek, Mobile River, Dead Lake, Bayou Zeast, Cat- fish Bayou and Little Bayou Canot, August 1 to 31, 1954; Bayou Canot, Catfish Bayou, Little Catfish Bayou, Little Bayou Canot and Three Mile Creek, September 1 to 24, 1954; and Big Bayou John, Little Bayou John, Raft River, Stauter Creek, Jim's Creek, Chicory Creek, Louis Bayou and Oak Bayou May 16 to 31, 1955, and Irvings Lake, Oak Bayou, Negro Lake, Maple Lake, Bat Creek, Six Bits Creek, Duck Bayou, Owl Creek, and Squirrel Bayou, June 1 to 30, 1955, sprayed 598 acres of hyacinth. The cost for the fiscal year was $17,423, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, which is for maintenance, was commenced about 1899, and work has been carried on as required since that time. The cost under the existing project was $461,710 for maintenance. 426 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- $25, 000 -$2, 532 $8, 221 $6, 989 $14, 030 $461, 583 Cost------------------ 17, 222 5, 578 7,610 4, 334 17, 423 1461,710 1Over expenditure due to retroactive pay increase of Government employees. 13. ALABAMA-COOSA RIVERS, ALA. AND GA. Location. The Alabama River is formed 18 miles above Mont- gomery, Ala., by the junction of the Coosa and Tallapoosa Rivers. Thence it flows southwesterly through Alabama 318 miles, and unites with the Tombigbee River about 45 miles north of Mobile, in south- western Alabama, to form the Mobile River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for central and southwest Alabama.) The Coosa River is formed at Rome, Ga., in northwest Georgia, by the junction of the Oostanaula and Etowah Rivers, which have their sources in northern Georgia. From Rome the Coosa River flows southwesterly through Georgia and Alabama 286 miles, and unites with the Tallapoosa River near Montgomery, Ala., at about the center of the State, to form the Alabama River. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey maps for northeast Alabama and northwest Georgia.) Previous projects. Previous projects for Alabama River were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, July 13, 1892, March 3, 1905, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1837, Annual Report for 1915; page 725, Annual Report for 1938; and paragraph "Existing project," page 592, Annual Report for 1944. Previous projects for the Coosa River were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 14, 1876, September 18, 1890, July 13, 1892, June 25, 1910, and June 26, 1934. For further details of previous projects, see page 1837, Annual Report for 1915; page 728, Annual Report for 1938; and paragraph "Existing project," page 594, Annual Report for 1944. Existing project. This provides for the initial and ultimate de- velopment of the Alabama-Coosa Rivers and tributaries for naviga- tion, flood control, power, and other purposes, substantially in accord- ance with plans being prepared by the Chief of Engineers, with such modifications thereof from time to time as in the discretion of the Sec- retary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable for the purpose of increasing the development of hydroelectric power; for the initiation and accomplishment of the ultimate plan, it authorizes appropriations in such amounts as Congress may from time to time determine to be advisable, the total of such appropriations not to exceed $60 million. Public Law'436, 83d Congress, approved June 28, 1954, suspended authorization of the comprehensive plan, insofar as it provides for the development of the Coosa River, to permit non-Federal interests to develop the Coosa River by construction of a series of dams in accordance with the conditions of a license, if issued, pursuant to the RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 427 Federal Power Act and in accordance with certain other provisions and requirements of the aforementioned Public Law. The initial phase of the ultimate development of the Alabama River provides for the construction of Jones Bluff and Millers Ferry mul- tiple-purpose improvements, Claiborne lock and dam, and supple- mental channel work to provide a channel depth of 9 feet for naviga- tion from the mouth of the Alabama River to Montgomery. The variation between average high and low water is 40.4 feet. The extreme variation is 58 feet at Montgomery. The following table gives various features of the proposed locks and dams and multiple-purpose developments included in the existing project: Proposed structures Claiborne Millers Ferry Jones Bluff lock and dam lock and dam lock and dam Miles above mouth______ __ ______..............................86 ......... .145 .......----------. 250. Nearest town --------------------------------- Claiborne, Ala_ Camden, Ala_ Benton, Ala. Distance (miles) --------------------------- 7------------- 7---------- 3. Greatest lock length available for full width (feet) 450 .......----------.. 450 ....----------... 450. Width of lock chamber (feet)___________________ .__......... 82____ 82 ........-----------...82. Lift (feet) -------------------------------- 20-----------...... 50 .......-----------... 45. Elevation of normal pool surface (mean sea level) ..- -- 30 ........... 80----_.......----. 125. Depth over sills at low water (feet)_________________ ........... 12_____ 12-----------..........12. Character of foundation _____. ......... ______.___ -__ Rock--------. Rock -------- Rock. Kind of dam ........................---------------------------------- Fixed. ...-- Fixed--....... Fixed. Height of dam (feet) --.........................-------------------------- .-------- 50--- 85 ..-----------......... 91. Type construction________ .....- _................. .... Concrete ...-- Concrete ____ .... Concrete. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet)------- ----------------------- ___........ 370,000_--.... 250,000. Power development (kw.) ------------------------------- __ ___________ 57,000-- ..... 51,000. Percent complete----------------................ Year opened to navigation ........... .......... ...... Estimated cost: Construction .. ...............- ---........ $13, 966, 000 $39, 963, 000 $40, 108, 800 Lands and damages (including relocations) .--- 1, 434, 000 4, 437, 000 8, 591, 200 Total cost.------..--..--................-------------------------.. 15, 400, 000 44, 400, 000 48, 700, 000 The estimated cost for new work on the Alabama River, revised in 1954, is $110,170,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $792,000 including operating and care. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 414, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The aforecited document contains the latest published map of the Alabama-Coosa Rivers and tributaries. Local cooperation. The conditions of local cooperation required are to be determined as the formulation of plans for development of the project progresses. No action in the matter of local cooperation has been initiated. Terminal facilities. On the east bank at Montgomery, a natural landing connects with the city streets. The Wofford Oil Co. has a small wharf about 10 miles below Montgomery equipped for handling petroleum products. There are also various natural landings along the river. These facilities and natural landings on the Alabama River are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work was performed toward the development of the Alabama River. A report on a pre- liminary height of dam study on Howell Mill Shoals dam (Coosa 428 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 River), in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed and submitted. The total cost during the fiscal year was $8,929 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the existing project. Site selection and other preliminary planning studies have been initiated. The controlling depths on the Alabama River, ascertained in 1938, were as follows: Mouth to Selma, 4 feet; Selma to Montgomery, 3.5 feet; Montgomery to Wetumpka, 3 feet. Boats drawing 3 feet or less can usually operate throughout the year; greater depths are usually available from November to June each year. Zero readings on the gages at Selma and Millers Ferry, Ala., indicate that a depth of 4 feet is available at these loca- tions. A zero reading on the gage at Montgomery, Ala., indicates that a depth of 3.5 feet is available. The cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $1,745,166 of which $1,653,985 was for new work, $71,918 for maintenance, and $19,263 for operating and care. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated.....--------... $185, 000 $75, 600 $200, 000 -$41, 000 -$30, 615 $1, 653, 985 Cost .---------------- 193, 960 243, 813 101, 784 38, 614 8, 929 2 1, 653, 985 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ -51 ------------........... 5, 886 -826 --------.... 91, 181 Cost-------------------------------------5, 886 -826 91,181 1Exclusive of $3,692,483 for new work and $2,978,050 for maintenance on previous projects. 2 Includes $1,012,985 applied to new work on Howell Mill Shoals dam on Coosa River. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------- 3 $109, 529, 000 3 Exclusive of $92,787,000 estimated as the additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of the Howell Mill Shoals dam on Coosa River. 14. BLACK WARRIOR, WARRIOR, AND TOMBIGBEE RIVERS, ALA. Location. The Black Warrior and Warrior Rivers, a single stream, rise in northern Alabama above Birmingham and flow generally southwesterly to unit with the Tombigbee River at Demopolis Ala. Thence, the Tombigbee flows south, uniting with the Alabama River to form the Mobile River 45 miles above the head of Mobile Bay. The distance by water from Mobile to the vicinity of Birmingham is about 415 miles. RIVERS AND HARBORS--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 429 Previous projects. The original project for the improvement of Warrior River, now combined with Black Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers, was adopted by Act of March 3, 1875. For further details, see page 1841, Annual Report for 1915, and page 732, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides essentially for a canalized channel with minimum depth of 9 feet and a width of 200 feet, where prac- ticable, from the mouth of the Tombigbee River, 45 miles above Mobile, to the vicinity of Birmingham, via the Tombigbee and War- rior Rivers, to mile 447.6 on Sipsey Fork, mile 444.6 on Mulberry Fork, and mile 420.6 on Locust Fork, a total distance of 426.6 miles. The lift is accomplished by 12 locks and dams, 1 of the locks being a double-lift structure. The project provides also for operation and care of all locks and dams. The project was essentially completed in May 1915 when the last of the original series of 17 locks and dams was opened to navigation. Subsequent work has consisted mainly of modification and moderniza- tion of the project. The River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1909, granted discretionary authority to the Secretary of War to recon- struct any existing structure whenever reconstruction is absolutely essential to its efficient and economical maintenance and operation. The reconstruction may include such modification in plan and location as may be necessary to provide adequate facilities for existing navi- gation. Under that authority and subsequent authorizations, locks 10, 11, and 12 on the Warrior River were replaced by a single-lift lock at Tuscaloosa, Ala., which was opened to navigation in August 1939; lock 4 on the Tombigbee River, and locks 5, 6, and 7 on the Warrior River were replaced by a single-lift lock at Demopolis, Ala., which was opened to navigation in August 1954; locks 8 and 9 on the War- rior River will be replaced by a single-lift lock (Warrior L & D) near Eutaw, Ala., which is now under construction; and locks 1, 2, and 3, on the Tombigbee River will be replaced by a single-lift lock (Jackson L & D) near Coffeeville, Ala., for which preliminary planning studies are in progress. The following table presents data pertinent to features of the exist- ing locks and dams included in the project. Existing locks and dams Great- Type construction Dis- est Width Depth tanceDis- length over Lock above Nearest town Nearest town tce tance avail- of chain- Lift sills at Character of Kind of comple- Date opened Actual cost Ad Mo- able (feet) low foundation dam aton oflockand 0 to navigation o an bile 1 bi (miles) ber Lock Dam tion tion dam for full water (miles) width (feet) (feet) (feet) O O 1 _________... 101. 6 Salitpa, Ala ... ___ 5 281. 9 52 12 2 8. 0 Soft rock ....... Fixed_ Concrete_ Concrete __ -- 1909 Sept. 6,1908 $560, 290. 02 2 ....... 172. 6 Pennington, Ala 3 286. 0 52 9 10. 0 Hard clay_ ... _do_ do ______ Timber crib, 1915 Nov. 1, 1914 560, 114. 09 stone-filled. 3___.._____ 194. 6 Whitfield, Ala _... 9 286. 0 52 10 9. 0 _... do --- .... do - do . .. _ do 1915 Sept. 21, 1914 609, 622. 80 Demopolis 218. 1 Demopolis, Ala___ 2 600. 0 110 40 14. 0 Rock______ ___do _____ do ...... Concrete ..-- (3) Aug. 10, 1954 (4) 8--------- 288.6 Akron, Ala_ ______ 3 284.7 51.65 10 9.0 .... do . _ do do _do 1903 Jan. 1,1903 212,400.00 9_________ 305. 6 Moundville, Ala 7 284.7 52 11 9. 0 . do _ do do_ _do___ 1902 __. do 202, 440. 00 Tuscaloosa 351.35 H 13__________ 14 . -... 360. 6 Tuscaloosa, Ala___- ...... Peterson, Ala . 364. 1 I __ do ..... . 3 7 460. 0 285. 5 282. 1 95 52 52 30 11 14 10. 8 10. 7 9. 5 Hard sandstone - . do -___do___ Hard blue shale ... do . __do do _________.do__...___ Stone ___ Stone .____ Concrete Concrete 1940 1905 1910 Aug. 29, 1939 July 4, 1905 Mar. 29,1910 4, 450, 873. 50 203, 700. 00 414, 714. 89 0 15__________ 370. 6 Northport, Ala 20 282. 1 52 14 10. 0 ._ do . .do do _______do____ ___ 1910 May 2, 1910 430, 233. 87 16________ .. 175________ 377. 1 378.6 Adger, Ala _ ...... ____ do ... 21 20 285. 5 285. 5 52 52 21 72 9. 5 9. 5 .... . do-- - do- .. . do ..-_ do __ do do______ - do __ do __...._ 1915 1915 Jan. 1, 1915 520, 853. 68 May 13,1915 63, 424,858. 98 z 0 Total lift ....--------.. ------------------ .. ----------- -------- ..... 254 00 1 Mileage from foot of Government St., Mobile, Ala. 4 Latest (1955) approved estimate is $19,783,000. 2 River is tidal below this lock, and depth over the lower miter sill is 9 feet about 91 5 Double lock. percent of the time, the minimum depth being 6.9 feet at extreme low tide. 6 Does not include $1,435,635.76 estimated cost of land submerged, damage to struc- 3 Construction incomplete, tures, and cost of clearing. C,' RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 431 Descriptive data for the proposed Jackson and Warrior locks and dams are presented in the following table: Proposed locks and dams Jackson 1 lock Warrior 2 lock and dam andidam i i M ile above M obile 3 ....... ....... ....... ....... . _...... 119.7 _ . .... 271.1. Nearest town ....--- ----------------- Coffeeville, Ala_ _ Eutaw, Ala. Distance (miles)-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .- 3-------------- 6. Greatest lock length available for full width (feet).-- ...-.--- 600_. _ .. ........ 600. Width of chamber (feet) .... ...... .......... ............ .. 110__.----------- 110. Lift (feet) ...............--------------------------------------............. 34___------------ 22. Elevation of normal pool surface (mean sea level) Depth over sills at low water (feet)_- .. - . ------...---...- .-------.--- 33___------------ 13.0 _. ... . .... 95. 13.0. Character of foundation_ . _ ........ .. .._ .... . . Rock ..... _... Piling in-clay. Kind of dam . . ..... .. .... __ . .. ... . ....-- ._ .. Movable- __.__ .. Movable. H eight of dam (feet) ---- ---- --- ---- ---- --- -- ..---- --- 65___ ............. 65. Type construction ............... . ................. Earth, concrete __ Earth, concrete. Percent complete .... ........ ............... ......... (4)__ ... .. . Estimated cost: Construction ..... _ .. . . ..--.--- 5$22,867,500 . ......................... ... $13,695,000. Lands, damages, and relocations ..... _--_-....__--.......... 5 732,500 ...... 905,000. Total _--.---...---------------...................... 5 23,600,000 ...... 14,600,000. 1 Replaces existing locks and dams Nos. 1, 2, and 3. 2 Replaces existing locks and dams Nos. 8 and 9. 3 Mileage from foot of Government St., Mobile, Ala. 4 Preliminary planning studies have not been completed. b Tentative estimate. Tidal influence extends from Mobile 101.6 miles to lock 1, where the tidal effect is apparent only at low stages of river. At Mobile the mean and extreme tidal ranges are 1.5 and 3.6 feet, respectively. These are at times slightly increased by the effect of winds. The greatest fluctuation of river stages is at Demopolis, Ala., the maxi- mum being 59.7 feet. The maximum fluctuations at other points are 40 feet at lock 1, 101.6 miles from Mobile; 57.8 feet at Tuscaloosa, 352.6 miles from Mobile; 13 feet at Birmingport, 409.6 miles from Mobile; and 27 feet at Cordova, 429.6 miles from Mobile. The ordi- nary fluctuations at these points are at lock 1, 20 feet; at Demopolis, 35 feet; at Tuscaloosa, 40 feet; at Birmingport, 4 feet; and at Cordova, 7 feet. The works of improvement have reduced the amount of fluc- tuations at different points by 3 to 10 feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $74,319,800, including a tentative estimate of $23,600,000 (subject to approval) for the Jackson lock and dam now in the preliminary planning stage, but exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $940,000 including operation and care. 363037-55-vol. 2- 28 432 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 5, 1884 Original appropriation for improving Black Warrior River. Original project for slack-water improvement author- Annual Report, 1887, pt. 2, p. 1302. ized by Secretary of War, Apr. 19, 1887. Mar. 3,1899 Construction of the first locks between Tuscaloosa and Demopolis. Sept. 19, 1890 (Maintenance of the section of Tombigbee River below lock 1 to its mouth (66 miles) included in the existing project.) Do_ .___ Construction of locks and dams 1, 2, and 3. Merging H. Doc. 178, 56th Cong., 2d sess., of the individual projects for the Black Warrior and and Annual Report 1901, pt. 3, Warrior Rivers and the Tombigbee River below p. 1858. Demopolis. H. Doc. 165, 57th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1902, p. 1293. Mar. 2,1907Construction of locks and dams, 14, 15, 16, and 17... Mar. 3,1909Provides for reconstruction of obsolete structures, Public Law No. 317. modified in plan and location, to provide efficient and economical maintenance and operation. Aug. 22, 1911 Lift of lock 17 changed to 63 feet, and construction of H. Doc. 72, 62d Cong., 1st sess. locks and dams 18 and 19 eliminated from the proj- ect. Extension of slack-water improvement to Sanders Ferry on Mulberry Fork and Nichols Shoal on Locust Fork. Mar. 2, 1919 Raising of various dams 2 feet and raising the lock Annual Report, 1918, p. 876. walls 2 feet at lock 1 to provide a minimum depth of 8 feet at low water, widening the channel to 150 feet where practicable. Aug. 30, 1935 For snagging Mobile River from the mouth of Chick- H. Doc. 728, 71st Cong. 3d sess. asaw Creek to the junction of the Alabama and Tombigbee: Rivers. 1 Do....... Increase channel dimensions to 9 by 200 feet; con- H. Doc. 56, 73d Cong., 1st sess. struct crest gates at Lock and Dam 17; add flash- boards at all dams; Sunflower Bend Cutoff. Do....... Construction of a lock and dam below Tuscaloosa to Rivers and Harbors Committee replace original locks and dams 10, 11, and 12. Doc. 26, 74th Cong., 1st sess. June 26,19342 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of a lock and dam near Demopolis to H. Doc. 276, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' replace existing dams 4, 5, 6, and 7. Do....... Provide increased spillway capacity at dam 1 4.... H. Doc. 382, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contains latest published maps of the Tombigbee River and tributaries. 2 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. 3 Contains maps of the Warrior River system. For maps of the Warrior and Black Warrior Rivers, see Annual Reports for 1911, p. 1702, and 1918, p. 2144, respectively. 4Inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Facilities comprising loading and transfer stations, wharves, etc., have been provided where required along this waterway. All are privately owned and operated except the terminals at Tuscaloosa, which are leased to a private company but serve the general public, and the terminals at miles 357.6 and 409.6 which are owned and operated by the Inland Waterways Corporation, but also serve the general public. These terminals are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work performed during the fiscal year was as follows: Warrior lock and dam: New work, contract. Construction of access road was commenced at a cost of $102,165 and excavation for lock was commenced at a cost of $316,521. New work, hired labor: Acquisition of lands and payment of dam- ages was commenced at a cost of $63,920. Cost for engineering design, inspection, and supervision was $249,912. The total cost for new work on Warrior lock and dam was $732,518. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 433 Demopolis lock and dam: New work, contract. Relocation of roads, railroads, and utilities was completed at a cost during the fiscal year of $138,236; reservoir clearing was completed at a cost of $196,- 171; major construction work on lock, dam, and appurtenances was completed at a cost of $1,926,893; excavation of lock approach channel was completed at a cost of $53,135; and work on buildings, grounds and utilities was continued at a cost of $37,229. Hired labor: Acquisition of lands and payment of damages was continued at a cost of $141,546; demolition of replaced locks and dams was continued at a cost of $78,228; dredging in lock approach channels cost $7,602; and installation of permanent operating equipment was commenced at a cost of $1,721. Engineering, design, inspection, and supervision cost $225,214. The total cost for new work on Demopolis lock and dam was $2,805,975. Jackson lock and dam: New work, hired labor. Preliminary plan- ning studies were continued at a cost of $89,341. Maintenance: The U. S. pipeline dredge Guthrie, operating in the Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers July 1 to September 23, and October 1 to November 5, 1954, and March 17 to June 30, 1955, removed 1,873,569 cubic yards of material; the U. S. snagboat Denison, operating in the Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers July 1, 1954, to May 27, 1955, removed 4,290 cubic yards of silt, 2,028 obstructions, and 1,255 cords of drift from channels and lock pits; the U. S. snagboat Montgomery, operat- ing in the Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers July 1 to November 12, 1954, and May 23 to June 30, 1955, removed 3,860 cubic yards of silt and 2,183 obstructions from locks and approaches; all at a cost of $380,427 for dredging and $106,431 for removal of snags and obstructions. Re- habilitation of locks and dams cost $116,172. Miscellaneous surveys, investigations, supervision, administration, and overhead cost $48,390. Operation and care of locks and dams cost $270,967. The total cost for the fiscal year was $4,550,220, of which, $3,627,833 was for new work and $922,387 for maintenance, including operation and care of locks and dams. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project, commenced in -opened 1887, was essentially completed in 1915 when the last of the original series of 17 locks and dams was completed and to navigation. Since that time, 3 of the original locks and dams (10, 11, and 12) have been removed and replaced by the Tuscaloosa lock and dam which was completed in 1940, and 4 of the original locks and dams (4, 5, 6, and 7) have been removed and replaced by the Demopolis lock and dam on which all major construction work was completed during the fiscal year 1955. Construction work on the Warrior lock and dam (to replace existing locks and dams 8 and 9), have been initiated and is about 7 percent completed, the work accomplished consisting mainly of land acquisition, construction of access road, and excavation for lock. Preliminary planning studies on the Jackson lock and dam (to re- place locks and dams 1, 2, and 3) have been initiated. Channel snag- ging and dredging have been completed, including dredging of a cut- off channel in 1938 through Sunflower Bend on the Tombigbee River. Construction of crest gates on dam 17 was completed in 1938. A depth of 9 feet and a minimum width of 100 feet are available at all times throughout the project, except at lock 1 where a depth of 9 feet over 434 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the lower miter sill is available about 91 percent of the time and a depth of 6.9 feet is available at extreme low tide. The work remaining to be done under present plans for modernization of the project consists of completing minor items of construction at the Demopolis lock and dam, completing construction of the Warrior lock and dam, and constructing the Jackson lock and dam. The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Operating and care Total Regular funds- __---- __ ___ $35, 634, 557 __-......... $8,365,938 $15,810,970 $59, 811,465- Public Works funds__..-_--_- .___._,.__ 79, 220 -------------- 79, 229 Emergency Relief funds____________-______ 607, 308 - -607, . 30& Total__ .....-- 36, 321, 085 ____________..............-----.........__.. 8,365, 938 15, 810, 970 60, 497, 993; Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated .--- $2, 200, 000 $2, 900, 000 $4, 202, 000 $6, 088, 000 $5, 077, 100 $38,142, 773: Cost_ ____-__-- -_ 484, 158 2, 345, 721 2 5,198, 221 7,389,066 3,627,833 36, 321, 085 Maintenance: --------- Appropriated .. .. 995, 940 1, 192, 398 954, 567 1,007, 626 908, 300 24, 171, 912 Cost_ ----------- _ 951, 588 1, 274,897 905, 931 1, 118, 948 922, 387 3 24, 176, 909 1 Exclusive of $606,931 for new work and $50,000 for maintenance on previous projects. 2 Previously reported as $5,212,402. Credit for $14,181 in clearing accounts undistributed was not re- flected in 1953 Annual Report. 3 Over expenditure due to retroactive pay increase for Government employees. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $771, 411 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 4,170, 000, Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------- - 4, 941,411 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ - - 32, 084, 127 15. PASCAGOULA HARBOR, MISS. Location. This harbor, located along the lower 6.8 miles of Pas- cagoula River and the lower 4 miles of Dog River, is in southeastern Mississippi, about 61 miles by water west of Mobile Harbor, Ala., and about 44 miles east of Gulfport Harbor, Miss. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1267.) Previous projects. Appropriations were made for Pascagoula River by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1827, May 23, 1828, and August 30, 1852. The first definite project was adopted by the. River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. Other projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, August 18, 1894, June 3, 1896, March 3, 1899, June 13, 1902, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1843, Annual Report for 1915, and page 741, Annual Report for 1938. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 435 Existing project. This provides for a through channel of the maxi- mum dimensions that can be secured by the expenditure of $283,000, but not exceeding 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide across the outer bar at Horn Island Pass, thence 22 feet deep and 225 feet wide to the railroad bridge at Pascagoula, thence 22 feet deep and 150 feet wide, increased at sharp bends, to a point on Dog River 4 miles above its mouth. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, modified the ex- isting project to provide a cutoff channel, 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide, from State Highway 63 bridge over Dog River through Robert- son and Bounds Lakes to mile 3.4 on Dog River, thence up Dog River to mile 4, in lieu of that part of the present project channel upstream of the State Highway 63 bridge (H. Doc. 188, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The total length of the existing project is about 21.7 miles. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 13/4 feet and the extreme range is 334 feet. The River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, authorized modification of the existing project in accordance with plans on file in the Office of the Chief of Engineers. The plans for modification of the project are being further developed in accordance with a resolu- tion adopted August 16, 1950, by the Committee on Public Works of the House of Representatives, which authorized and directed a review of reports on Pascagoula Harbor with a view to determining if it is advisable for the Federal Government to assume maintenance of the existing project of the Pascagoula Harbor, Miss., as modified by local interests. The project was modified by local interests in 1949, at their expense, to provide a channel 35 feet deep and 325 feet wide through Horn Island Pass, 30 feet deep and 275 feet wide through Mississippi Sound and Pascagoula River to the Louisville and Nash - ville Railroad bridge, and a turning basin 30 feet deep on the right bank of the river below the railroad bridge. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $1,260,000, including $958,000 for modification of the project as authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, but exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $105,000, exclusive of any additional maintenance costs which may be incurred through modification of the project as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of 1954. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 4, 1913 Limiting the channel dimensions subject to local H. Doec. 682, 62d Cong., 2d sess. cooperation. Mar. 4,1915 Modified the required local cooperation and provided Rivers and Harbors Committee present project channel dimensions. Doc. 12, 63d Cong., 2d sess. May 17,1950 Cutoff channel, 12 by 125 feet, from State Highway 63 H. Doc. 188, 81st Cong., 1st sess. bridge through Robertson and Bounds Lakes, thence up Dog River to mile 4. :Sept. 3,1954 Modification to provide increased dimensions of chan- (2). nels and turning basin south of Louisville and Nashville RR. bridge. 1 The latest published maps may be found in H. Doc. 211, 54th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doe. 188, 81st Cong., 1st sess. 2Survey report now being prepared. 436 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. None required for work authorized prior to the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950. For work au- thorized by the aforementioned act, local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, spoil-disposal areas, and rights-of-way necessary for construc- tion of the improvement and its subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and (b) hold and save the United States free from dam- age due to the construction works. Local interests have been con- tacted and notified of the conditions of local cooperation required, and negotiations for acquisition of rights-of-way are now in progress. Terminal facilities. The municipal wharf on the east side of Pas- cagoula River has an available dockage of 1,094 feet. The Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co.'s wharf in the Pascagoula River at Pas- cagoula, Miss., just north of their bridge, and the Mississippi Export Railroad wharf on the Dog River at Moss Point, Miss., have available dockages of 60 and 380 feet, respectively. The Farnsworth Coal Co.,. has a wharf on the Pascagoula River, just north of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co.'s wharf. All private terminals, together with the municipal wharf, are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 19, revised in 1949.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The contractor's pipe- line dredge J. J. Mansfield, operating in Pascagoula Ship Channel from December 23, 1954, to February 28, 1955, removed 2,412,471 cubic yards of material at a cost of $160,382. Miscellaneous investi- gations and surveys cost $618. Local interests removed about 572,000 cubic yards of material in March and April 1955 to provide a cutoff channel 18 feet deep, 125 feet wide, and about 7,200 feet long from mile 1.0 on Dog River, through Robertson and Bounds Lakes, to mile 3.4 on Dog River, gen- erally along the alinement recommended by the Chief of Engineers (H. Doc. 188, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), at a cost of about $63,000, includ- ing supervision and administration. No Federal costs were involved in this work. The total Federal cost for the fiscal year was $161,000, all charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, commenced in 1917, was essentially completed prior to adoption of modifications authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of May 17, 1950, and Sep- tember 3, 1954, respectively. The controlling channel depths at the times shown were as follows: Horn Island Pass, 25 feet, August 1954; Mississippi Sound Channel, 22 feet, February 1955; and Pascagoula River and Dog River Channels, 18 feet, September 1951. The con- trolling depth in the Dog River cutoff channel dredged by local in- terests was 18 feet in April 1955. Work remaining to be done to accomplish modifications of the proj- ect, as authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of 1950 and 1954, consists of dredging in the ship channels and turning basin south of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad bridge to restore project dimen- sions provided by local interests in 1949, and dredging as may be re- quired to restore project dimensions in the Dog River cutoff channel dredged by local interests in 1955. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 437 The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $1,939,073, of which $258,040 was for new work and $1,681,033 for maintenance. In addition, $739,513 was expended by local interests in fiscal year 1949 to deepen the ship channel south of the railroad bridge below the Federal project depth, and $63,000 by local interests in 1955 to provide an 18-foot depth in the Dog River cutoff channel. Cost and financial summary Fiscal- year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------ ----------------- $258,040 Cost_-------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------ 258,040 Maintenance: Appropriated---...... $110, 000 -$27,195 $906 ......... . $161, 000 1, 681,033 Cost...........----------------- 5, 682 77, 123 906------------............161, 000 1,681,033 1 Exclusive of $904,442 for new work and $412,624 for maintenance on previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -_-_--_-_-__-_-_-$1, 002, 000 16. BILOXI HARBOR, MISS. Location. On Mississippi Sound in southeastern Mississippi. It is 32 miles by water west of Pascagoula Harbor, Miss., and 14 miles east of Gulfport Harbor, Miss. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1267.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 2, 1882, and July 5, 1884. For further details, see page 1846, Annual Report for 1915; page 863, Annual Report for 1929; and page 744, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel west of Deer Island 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the 10-foot contour in Mississippi Sound to the south waterfront of the city of Biloxi, and thence north of Deer Island to deep water in Back Bay of Biloxi, an overall length of about 7 miles; for maintaining the Coast Guard channel to a depth of 6 feet and a width of 300 feet; and for maintaining the ex- isting channel along the northerly side of United States Highway 90 bridge, from the main channel in Biloxi Harbor to the entrance to Ott Bayou, to a depth of 6 feet, a width of 40 feet, and a length of about 1 mile. The project also provides for an entrance channel 6 feet deep, 50 feet wide, and about 1,800 feet long into Old Fort Bayou, and an entrance channel 8 feet deep, 100 feet wide, an I about 1 mile long through Cranes Neck into Bayou Bernard. Under ordinary conditions, the mean tidal range is about 1.8 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1955, is $65,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $5,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $21,000. 438 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions___------------ -I H. Doc. 754, 69th Cong., 2d sess. June 20, 1938 Relocation of channel_--------------------_ H. Doc. 639, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Entrance channel 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide into H. Doc. 258, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Old Fort Bayou. Do ..... Entrance channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide through H. Doc. 326, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Cranes Neck into Bayou Bernard. Mayll7, 1950 Maintain channel 6 feet deep and 40 feet wide from H. Doc. 256, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Biloxi Harbor to Ott Bayou. 1 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the work au- thorized in accordance with House Document 258, 76th Congress, 1st session, and House Document 326, 76th Congress, 1st session, which provide that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, as and when required, lands, easements, and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the work. For work authorized in accordance with House Document No. 256, 81st Congress, 1st session, local interests are required to furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and spoil-disposal areas for maintenance, when and as required; and (2) hold and save the United States free from damage, including damage to oysterbeds, resulting from the work. Terminal facilities. These consist of a number of light timber wharves at Biloxi, owned by private parties but available to the public. These are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhansremoved 49,451 cubic yards of material in Ott Bayou Channel, September 14 to 20, 1954, at a cost of $7,499. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $467. The cost for the fiscal year was $7,966, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, commenced in 1931, was about 77 percent completed. The controlling depths in the channels at the times shown were as follows: Mississippi Sound Channel 7.5 feet, April 1955; entrance to Old Fort Bayou 1.5 feet, August 1938; Cranes Neck Channel, 8 feet, December 1950; and channel to Ott Bayou 6 feet, September 1954. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide through Cranes Neck into Bayou Bernard, and dredging an entrance channel 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide into Old Fort Bayou. The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 439 Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds -------------------------------------- $49, 780 $376, 507 $426, 287 ------------------------------------ Contributed funds.... 5, 000 10, 200 15, 200 Total..-- --------------------------------------- 54, 780 386, 707 441, 487 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1955,1 includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19512 New work: Appropriate .....------------------------ ------------ ------------ ------------............ $49, 780 Cost--------------------- ------------ 49, 780 Maintenance Appropriated---------......... $25, 730 -$2, 423 $7, 355 $44, 746 $7, 700 376, 507 Cost----------------- ............. 22, 243 1,065 7, 276 44, 558 7, 966 376, 507 1 Exclusive of $44,382 for new work and $86,309 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Exclusive of $5,000 for new work and $10,200 for maintenance expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project--_ - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $15, 000 17. GULFPORT HARBOR, MISS. Location. On Mississippi Sound in southeastern Mississippi, about 44 and 90 miles by water west of Pascagoula Harbor, Miss., and Mobile Harbor, Ala., respectively, and 78 miles east of New Orleans (via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway). (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1267.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1899 (H. Doc. 120, 55th Cong., 3d sess.); March 2, 1907; February 27, 1911; and January 21, 1927. For further details, see page 1846, Annual Report for 1915; page 857, Annual Report for 1929; and page 747, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 32 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and about 8 miles long across Ship Island Bar, a channel 30 feet deep, 220 feet wide and about 11 miles long through Mississippi Sound, and a depth of 30 feet in the 1,320- by 2,640-foot anchorage basin at Gulfport. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 13/4 feet, and the extreme tidal range about 31/2 feet. The project has been completed at a cost of $635,758 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $270,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 692, 69th Cong., 2d sess.), and the River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 112, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published maps of this locality are in the project documents. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The modern rail-connected terminal facilities at this port are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 19, revised in 1949.) 440 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operationsand results during fiscal year. The contractor's pipeline dredge Diesel operating in Gulfport Harbor, removed 1,977,031 cubic yards of material November 7 to 30, 1954, and 1,312,338 cubic yards of material December 1 to 20, 1954, at a cost of $161,703. Miscellane- ous investigations and surveys cost $6,544. The total cost was $168,247 charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in 1932 and completed in April 1950. The controlling depths in the channels at the times shown were as follows: Ship Island Bar Channel, 32 feet, March 1954; Mississippi Sound Channel south end to beacon 60, 30.0 feet, December 1954; beacon 60 to south end of basin, 30 feet, December 1954; and anchorage basin, 28.5 feet, May 1955. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds_ ------------------------------------- $587, 875 $3, 232, 378 $3, 820, 253 Public works funds----------------------------------- 47, 883 ---------------- 47, 883 Total...........---------------------------------------- 635, 758 3, 232, 378 3, 868, 136 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated .-.. _- - $40, 000 -----------------------............--------------------- $635, 758 Cost_------------ ------------------------------------------------------ 635, 758 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 247, 655 $254, 400 $230, 589 $224, 373 $165, 675 3, 232, 391 Cost_ .........---------------- 212, 389 289, 654 229, 243 223, 161 168, 247 3, 232, 378 1 Exclusive of $269,017 for new work and $2,312,292 for maintenance for previous projects. -18. WOLF AND JORDAN RIVERS, MISS. Location. This improvement in southeastern Mississippi consists of dredging channels respectively 1.6 and 2 miles long at the mouths of Wolf and Jordan Rivers, tributaries of St. Louis Bay. It is 24 miles by water west of Gulfport, Miss., and 54 miles east of New Orleans, La. (via the inside route through Lake Borgne, Lake Pont- chartrain, and the Industrial Canal). (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1268.) Existing project. This provides for dredging at the mouths of these streams, channels 7 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide, extending from the 6-foot contour in St. Louis Bay to the 7-foot contour in each stream. The length of the dredged channel at the mouth of Wolf River is about 1.6 miles and at the mouth of Jordan RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 441 River about 2 miles. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 18/4 feet, and the extreme 31/2 feet. The project was completed in 1908 at a cost of $29,195 for new work. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 917, 59th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Terminal facilities. There are no terminal facilities and none are required, as the natural landings along these streams are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The United States pipe- line dredge Josenhans, operating in Jordan River, removed 13,260 cubic yards of material, August 31, 1954; and in Wolf and Jordan Rivers removed 105,689 cubic yards of material in September 1 to 13, 1954, at a cost of $11,978. The cost for the fiscal year was $11,978, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in 1907 and completed in 1908. The controlling depths, ascer- tained in October 1954, were as follows: Wolf River, 7.0 feet and Jordan River, 7.0 feet. The cost under the existing project was $123,564, of which $29,195 was for new work and $94,369 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.....------------ ------------------------------------------------ $29, 195 Cost _--------------------__..-------------- ------------ 29,195 Maintenance: Appropriated..------- ------------ --------........... --------- .....------------ $11, 978 94, 369 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ 11, 978 94, 369 19. PEARL RIVER, MISS. AND LA. Location. Pearl River rises in east central Mississippi and flows southwest about 172 miles to Jackson, Miss., thence southeast about 269 miles to the head of its delta, where it divides into West Pearl and East Pearl Rivers. The former flows about 34 miles to the Rigolets, a tidal pass connecting Lake Pontchartrain with Lake Borgne, an arm of the Gulf of Mexico. Previous projects. Adopted by the acts of June 14, 1880, and April 21, 1900. For further details, see page 950, Annual Report for 1922, and page 750, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel from the mouth of West Pearl River for 58 miles to the mouth of Bogalusa Creek at Bogalusa, La., 7 feet deep at low water with a bottom width of 100 feet in the river sections and 80 feet in the canal section; with locks 65 by 310 feet clear inside dimensions. 442 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The plan of improvement may be divided into three sections as follows: River section from the mouth of West Pearl River to mile 28.5 at Holmes Bayou with a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide, to be obtained by dredging, snagging, and cutoffs at sharp bends; the canal section from mile 28.5 to mile 48.7 at Pools Bluff with a channel 7 feet deep and 80 feet wide, to be obtained by the construction of 3 locks in the canal with sills across Bogue Chitto at mile 44 and across the river at mile 48.7; river section from mile 48.7 to mile 58 at the mouth of Bogalusa Creek, to be obtained by dredging, snagging, and easing of bends. At Bogalusa the mean variation of the water surface is 10 feet and the extreme, 23 feet. The following table gives various features of the locks included in the existing project: Lock 1 2 3 Miles above mouth- .--------------------- 29.4------------ ------------ 40.7_ 43.9. Nearest town_____.....---------------------- Pearl River, La___ Bush, La- __.... Sun, La. Miles to nearest town -___________________ 9-------------- Greatest length available for full width 310.........-...... -3310__ ____------.___ ------------- 2. 310. (feet). Width of chamber (feet)-------------- -- 65 -------------- 65 ....-------------- 65. Lift (feet) ________________ _________________ 26.7 ------------- _ 15.0------------ 11.0. Depth over sills at low water (feet)----..--...... 10__ ________ 10 ....-------------- 10. Character of foundation..... ----------------- Sand, gravel, silt, clay. Sand, gravel, silt, Sand, gravel, silt, clay, clay. Type of construction--------- ....... - -_Concrete and steel_ Concrete and steel_ Concrete and steel. Year completed ----------------------- 1949 .....------------ 1950.....------------ 1950. Date opened to navigation -------------- November 1953 .. November 1953 .- November 1953. Actual cost of lock-___ ._________.. -__-__ $2,119,110 ___-__ .. $1.967,537 ...-------- $1.497,539. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $8,275,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $150,000 including operation and care. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, subject to the approval of the Board of Engineers. This approval is contained in House Document No. 408, 75th Congress, 2d session, which document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Local interests are re- quired to furnish all flowage and dumping easements needed for sub- sequent maintenance of the improvement, and to assume full respon- sibility for all property damage incident to the maintenance of the canal. (See H. Doc. 408, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Terminal facilities. The city of Bogalusa has provided a barge terminal consisting of a wharf, transit shed, and access road at Richardson's Landing at the head of the project. A privately owned wharf at the Pearl River highway bridge near Pearl River Station, La., is used for unloading logs. No other facilities exist except nat- ural landings at various locations on the river. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 443 Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Construction commenced on house for lockkeeper at each lock at a cost of $19,000. New work, hired labor: Motorization of valve oper- ating machinery completed, and motorization of gate operating ma- chinery continued, at a cost of $36,848. Engineering, design, inspec- tion and supervision cost $9,982. Maintenance: The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans operating in Pearl River July 1 to August 20, 1954, and May 18 to June 30, 1955, removed 339,885 cubic yards of material at a cost of $86,161. The U. S. dragline No. 1 removed 1,450 obstructions, 10,750 cubic yards of material, and placed 3 cubic yards of gravel and 15 tons of riprap in the embankment adjacent to the lower lock wall at Lock 2, all at a cost of $16,368. Miscellaneous inspections and surveys cost $8,051. Operating and care: Operation and ordinary maintenance of locks cost $18,190. The total cost for the fiscal year was $194,600, of which $65,830 was for new work and $128,770 for maintenance, including operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, commenced in October 1938, is essentially completed. All locks were opened to navigation in November 1953, and channel dimensions obtain through- out as called for in the plan of improvement. The work remaining to be done consists of completing construction of the house for lock- keepers at each lock, and motorization of gate operating machinery. The cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $8,505,759, of which $8,242,116 was for new work and $2'63,643 for maintenance, including operating and care. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated------- ---------- ......--... $978, 000 ------------.-------------------- $8, 274, 777 Cost-- ..- ---- -.......$30, 743 75, 448 $685, 619 $123, 121 65,830 8, 242, 116 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... - 15, 789 8, 000 11, 300 100, 900 132, 220 268, 209 Cost...............-----------------.. 13, 266 6,384 12, 726 102, 498 128, 770 263, 643 1 Exclusive of $144,443 for new work and $168,172 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ___--- $5, 934 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------------- 5, 934 444 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY,* 1955 20. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount fOperation Report required to Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Apalachicola Bay, Fla ____ . ..- _ - -_ 1953 $216, 758 1o$781, 729 19$711, 000 2. Bayou Coden, Ala ------------------------ 1950 650 -------------- 1 5, 000 3. Bayou Galere, Miss.2---------------------- 1946 to 9, 000 4. Bayou La Batre, Ala__4 --------- ------- 1951 21,052 113, 167 1o89, 000 5. Blackwater River, Ala. ___________ ______ 1949 41,650 106, 759 (1) 6. Bluff Creek, Miss. 425 .._____.......-- .... .... 1893 1,000----- (1) 7. Cahaba River, Ala. 5 - - -4 - - -- - - -- - - - - 1894 45,000-------- () 8. Carrabelle Bar and 2 Harbor, Fla. _ 1950 363, 686 275, 535 (1) 9. Chitto Bogue, La. 7 ..-- ..-.....-..-------- 4 1909 14, 913 12, 930 a 185, 100 10. Choctawhatchee River, Fla. and Ala. _.... 1949 171, 885 266, 445 (1) 11. Dauphin Island Bay, Ala_ ____-------- -- 1950 __----------- __--o---- 10201, 000 12. East Pearl River, Miss...... ....... .. 1951 37, 128 59, 325 (1) 13. Escambia and Conecuh Rivers, Fla. and Ala_ 1951 118, 336 110, 700 (1) 14. Fly Creek, Fairhope, Ala .- ....- --- . .-- 1950 ------------.------------ 0o 14, 000 15. Harrison County, Miss., shore protection project-------------------------------.................................... 1953 1,133,000 -------------- (1) 16. Holmes River, Fla.2.......... ............. 1931 8, 562 36, 800 (1) 17. La Grange Bayou, Fla_----..--.--.------ 2 1951 64, 151 43, 546 10o104, 000 18. Leaf and Chickasawhay 2 a Rivers, Miss. 5...... 1919 23, 090 42, 676 3126, 900 19. Noxubee River, Miss. 8 1902 47, 528 14, 472 (1) 20. Ochlockonee (Ochlockney) River, Ga. and Fla.2 5 2 1900 5, 000------.---. --- 95, 000 21. Old Town Creek, Miss. ------ 1887 3,000 ------------ _ 30, 000 22. Oostanaula and Coosawattee Rivers, Ga'... . 1907 32, 656---------- -- 3-177, 300 23. Pascagoula River, Miss_____ .... 4 ------ - - - - - __--_ -- - -- 1953 15, 000 158, 855 (9) 24. Pass Christian Harbor, Miss. __ _ 1947 1, 100 -------------- 10 24, 000 25. Pearl River, Miss., Edinburg to Jackson 2 7 _ 1911 31, 872 36, 991 8218, 000 26. 5 Tallapoosa River, Ala.2 -------------------- 1893 43, 972 ---- _- - -- (8) 27. Upper Chipola 2 River, Fla. from Marianna to its mouth, 651941 36, 781 63, 193 113, 200 28. Waterway connecting the Tombigbee 11 and Tennessee Rivers, Ala. and Miss. ______ _ 1953 713, 704-- _...---- - 226, 340,000 1 Completed. 2 No commerce reported. 3 1954 estimate. 4 Channel adequate for commerce. a Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 6 Considered completed. 7 Considered unworthy of further improvement. 8 That portion of the Noxubee River in Noxubee County, Miss., was declared nonnavigable on Feb. 24, 1934, Act S. 2337, 73d Cong., 2d sess. (48 Stat. 356). 9 Project provides for maintenance only. 101955 estimate. 11To be restudied, cost estimate revised in 1954. 21. WEST POINT, CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER, GA. Location. The project is located on the Chattahoochee River at West Point, Ga. Existing project. The project as originally authorized covered the section of the river from the city of West Point to Langdale Dam, a distance of about 7 miles, and consisted of increasing the cross-section of the Chattahoochee River at critical points, clearing the floodway on both banks, constructing an earth levee 1,500 feet long, and the con- struction of an additional span in the highway bridge at West Point. The work was authorized by the President under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of April 8, 1935. This work, which was commenced in 1935, was completed in 1937 at a total cost of $591,068, all from Emergency Relief funds. (See Chattahoochee River, Ga., Flood Control, p. 655 in Annual Report for 1937.) In September 1953, an allotment of $14,000 was made from the appro- priation for construction of local flood protection projects to provide FLOOD CONTROL--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 445 for replacement of the flap gate outlet by a slide gate outlet through the levee at West Point. The project was completed in 1954 at a total cost of $599,637, including the cost of work completed in 1937. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsduring fiscal year. The outlet gate was constructed and installed. The total cost was $7,475 for new work. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1954. The total cost of the project to June 30, 1955, was $599,637, of which $591,068 was from Emergency Relief funds applied on works completed in 1937. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated .......------------------------------------ $14,000 -$5, 431 $599, 637 Cost-----------------................-------.........----------------------- 1, 094 7,475 599, 637 1 Include $591,068 from Emergency Relief funds, applied on works completed in 1937. 22. ALLATOONA RESERVOIR, COOSA RIVER BASIN, GA. Location. Allatoona Dam is on the Etowah River in Bartow County, Ga., about 48 miles upstream from Rome, Ga., about 5 miles due east of Cartersville, Ga., and about 2,000 feet downstream from the mouth of Allatoona Creek. The reservoir extends about 27 miles up the Etowah River at maximum-power-pool elevation of 835 feet above mean sea level. Existing project. This provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control, regulation of streamflow for navigation, and development of hydroelectric power. The height above river bottom of the concrete gravity-type dam is about 190 feet, from elevation 690 feet to 880 feet above mean sea level. The spillway, with crest at elevation 835, is controlled by 9 Tainter gates, 40 feet wide by 25 feet high, and 2 Tainter gates 20 feet wide by 25 feet high; it has a discharge capacity of 318,500 cubic feet per second with water surface at elevation 870.1. One 48-inch diameter sluicing conduit with free discharge valve, and 4 sluices 5 feet 8 inches wide by 10 feet high, are included in the dam. The reservoir, covering 19,700 acres at elevation 860, has a storage capacity of 722,000 acre-feet. The estimated cost (1955) is $31,321,000. The latest (1955) estimate for annual cost for main- tenance is $277,000. This project was authorized by the Flood Con- trol Acts of August 18, 1941, and December 22, 1944 (Public Law 228, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), as outlined in House Document 674, 76th Congress, 3d session. Local cooperation. None required. (Sec. 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies.) Operation and results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Settlement of claim for reservoir clearing performed prior to this fiscal year cost $6,727. Construction of addition to the Operations Building was initiated and cost thereon was $4,750. New work, hired labor: Lands and damages cost $21,671; accessory electrical equipment cost $9,886; continued construction of recreation 446 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 facilities cost $27,203; installation of flood-reporting network and permanent operating equipment cost $6,260; engineering, design, in- spection, and supervision cost $16,191. Operation and maintenance: Operation and ordinary maintenance of dam, reservoir, powerhouse, service facilities and recreation facili- ties, and supervision and administration incidental thereto cost $184,995. Improvement and replacement of appurtenances to dam and powerhouse cost $17,280. The net total cost for the fiscal year was $294,963, of which $92,688 was for new work and $202,275 was for operation and maintenance. Heavy rains in the headwater area during February 1955 caused a 13-foot rise in the pool elevation, impounding about 112,000 acre-feet, none of which was in flood-control storage. The natural stage at Rome, Ga., was reduced 6 feet, and the stage at Gadsden, Ala., was reduced about 1 foot. Corresponding reductions in flood losses were estimated at $164,000, all rural. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, commenced in March 1944, is practically completed. Major construction was completed and the last unit placed on the line in May 1950. Work remaining to be done consists of work in connection with settlement of claims and damages, completion of recreational facilities, com- pletion of flood-reporting network, and installation of remote con- trol operating equipment for dam and reservoir. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $32,286,914, of which $31,213,071 was for new work and $1,073,843 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-- -___---------- - -- $133,300 -$135, 065 -$79, 978 $65, 000 $31, 239, 977 Cost-------------- $1, 210, 292 322, 770 330, 942 51, 343 688 92, 31, 213, 071 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- 223, 600 194, 250 235, 000 241, 960 185, 500 1, 080, 310 Cost__-------------- 205,075 205,084 237, 218 220,622 202, 275 1,073, 843 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $3, 875 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_---------------------------------- 3, 875 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_-------------------------------- 81, 000 23. ROME, COOSA RIVER, GA. Location. The project is located on the Coosa River, Ga., in Rome, Ga. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls consisting of the following features About 6,000 feet of earth levee and 546 feet of concrete floodwall along the right bank of the Oostanaula River, and about 3,000 feet of earth levee along the right bank of the Coosa FLOOD CONTROL--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 447 River; 2 pumping stations for the disposal of the runoff and sewage from within the protected area during periods of high water; 2 stoplog openings, equipped with stoplogs and storage houses, to pre- vent overtopping of the levee in the event of a flood of greater magni- tude than the maximum on record. The project provides for the protection of the fourth ward of the city of Rome, Ga., against a flood of the magnitude of the maximum flood on record, which occurred in 1886. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. This work was completed in 1940 at a total cost of $336,213, of which $273,152 was from regular funds, and $93,061 was from Emergency Relief funds. In September 1953, an allotment of $25,000 was made from the appropriation for construc- tion of local flood-protection projects to provide for modification of the existing outlets through the levee at Rome, Ga. The project was completed in 1954 at a total cost of $384,550, including the cost of work completed in 1940. Operations during fiscal year. Construction and installation of outlet works were completed. The total cost was $13,932 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1954. The total cost to June 30, 1955, was $384,550, including $93,061 from Emergency Relief funds and $273,152 from regular funds applied on works completed in 1940. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated----.......----------- --------------.---------. $25, 000 -$8, 090 $384, 550 Cost----------- ------------------------------------ 2, 978 13, 932 384, 550 1 Includes $93,061 from emergency relief funds and $273,152 from regular funds applied on works completed in 1940. 24. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation equired to Rort Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Tombigbee River, Miss., and Ala....-....... 1941 $134, 801 ..------------ s1 2 $15, 981, 000 2. Prattville, Autauga Creek, Ala__----.-- __ 1946 649, 280- ... ------- ._ (3) 3. Collinsville, Ala----_-__ _______------------ - -1940 _---- 71, 119- ------- (4) 4. Pearl River, Miss. and La., at Jackson, Miss ... 1937 _ _ ..".------_-_-.--_- ....... 1a60, 000 1 1954 estimate. 2 Now included in comprehensive plan. 3 Completed. 4 Completed with funds appropriated for the maintenance and improvement of river and harbor works. 5 No funds have been allotted and no work has been done on this project. 25. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The local flood protection works for which inspection is performed under this heading consist of levee projects at West Point, Ga., on the Chattahoochee River; Elba and Geneva, Ala., in the Choctawhat- 363037-55--vol. 2----29 448 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 chee River basin; and Rome, Ga., Collinsville, Ala., and Prattville, Ala., in the Alabama-Coosa River basin. The projects at Rome, Ga., and Collinsville, Ala., include pumping stations. Inspections were made during the fiscal year to determine the extent of compliance with approved regulations for maintenance and opera- tion of the several projects. Responsible local officials were advised of inadequacies in the maintenance and operation of the local flood protection works under this jurisdiction where appropriate. Costs charged under this heading during the fiscal year were $400. The total cost to June 30, 1955, was $800, charged to maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: $400 ----------------------------------- Appropriated.....---------. $400 $800 Cost-----------------................. 400 -" - -- 400 800 26. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small Flood Control Projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec.212 of the 1950 Flood ControlAct). Montezuma, Ga.: Work in connection with a project report cost $1,815, charged to new work. Sowashee Creek, Meridian, Miss.: The Federal part of the project was completed at a cost of $117,541, charged to new work. Gordon Creek, Hattiesburg, Miss.: Plans and specifications were completed at a cost of $4,446, charged to new work. The total cost for new work under this authority was $123,802. The project report on Montezuma, Ga., was completed. All clearing work was completed at Sowashee Creek, Meridian, Miss. A contract was executed for modification to bridge piers and footings resulting from the clearing operation. Plans and specifications were completed for Gordon Creek, Hatties- burg, Miss., and local interests are engaged in obtaining necessary easements. The total cost to June 30, 1955, for work performed under authority of section 212 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, was $281,459 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ....--------. $133, 000 $145, 500 -$612 $80, 000 ------------ $357, 888 Cost ----------------- 56, 306 70, 125 20, 050 11, 177 $123, 802 281, 459 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $76, 429 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-_____--_ 76, 429 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 449 27. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost during the fiscal year was $52,938, of which $4,303 was for navigation studies, $46,539 for flood control studies, $97 for coopera- tive beach erosion studies, and $1,999 for miscellaneous studies. The unexpended balance of $7,455 will be applied toward the completion of studies in progress. An additional allotment of $98,300 could be profitably expended during fiscal year 1956, of which $50,000 would be applied on navigation studies, $44,500 on flood control studies, and $3,800 on miscellaneous studies. 28. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year con- sisted of stream measurements and the preparation of stage hydro- graphs at nine stations on tributaries of the Mobile River system. The cost during the fiscal year was $1,999. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of the State of Louisiana, in- cluding the drainage area of the Red River south of Fulton, Ark., in Arkansas and Texas, embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico, except the Missis- sippi River above mile 320 above Head of Passes, the drainage area of the Ouachita-Black River Basin, and small eastern and western portions of Louisiana tributary to Pearl River and Sabine River and Lake. The district boundary extends in a northerly and westerly direc- tion from the Gulf of Mexico along the easterly and northerly water- shed line of the Sabine River and Lake to include the right-bank tributaries of the Red River south of Fulton, Ark., in the States of Arkansas and Texas, and the south bank levees immediately above Fulton, Ark., in Miller County, Ark., and Bowie County, Tex., cross- ing the Red River at Fulton, Ark., thence north-northeast to vicinity of Nashville, Ark., generally southeast along the divide between the Red and Ouachita-Black River watersheds to the confluence of the Black and Red Rivers near Acme, La., eastward along the north bank of the Red River; across Bayou Cocodrie at its confluence with the Red River; southeast from Bayou Cocodrie to the south end of the Shaw levee enlargement at levee station 7510; due east to the thalweg of the Mississippi River (approximately mile 318.0 AHP); along the thalweg of the Mississippi River to mile 320 AHP; due east to the top of the east bank of the Mississippi River; along the top of the east bank of the Mississippi River to approximately mile 310 AHP; thence generally northeast along the divide between the Buffalo-Homochitto and Amite River watersheds to the dividing line between the Lower Mississippi Valley and South Atlantic Divisions near Bogue Chitto, Miss.; thence, along that line and the westerly watershed line of the Pearl River Basin to the north bank of the Rigolets; thence, along the north bank of the Rigolets to Long Point Light; thence, following a line bearing true south crossing the Intracoastal Waterway to Lake Borgne Light No. 41; thence, generally easterly to a point 1 mile due south of the southerly point of Grand Island; thence, to a point 1 mile due north of the northeasterly tip of the Isle au Pitre group of islands; thence, to a point 1 mile due north of the northerly point of the Chandeleur Islands; and thence, following a line bearing S. 500 E. into the Gulf of Mexico. It includes the sections of the Intracoastal Waterway from Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to the Sabine River, and the Passes of the Mis- sissippi River. It exercises jurisdiction over flood control work on the Mississippi River from mile 320 AHP to the Gulf of Mexico; on the Red River including its south bank levees and tributaries from Index, Tex., to its junction with Old River and the Atchafalaya River; the Atchafalaya River; and in the Atchafalaya Basin; and 451 452 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 maintenance of the project navigation channel of the Mississippi River below mile 320 AHP, under the supervision of the president, Mississippi River Commission, and the division engineer, Lower Mis- sissippi Valley Division, Corps of Engineers, United States Army. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Red River below Fulton, 14. Red River below Denison Ark_- 452 Dam, New Orleans dis- 2. Cypress Bayou and Water- trict 492 way between Jefferson, 15. Texarkana Reservoir, Tex__ 494 Tex., and Shreveport, La_ 454 16. Ferrells Bridge Reservoir, 3. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway Tex 497 between Apalachee Bay, 17. Red River below Denison Fla., and the Mexican Dam, levees and bank Border (New Orleans dis- stabilization (New Orleans trict)- 455 district) 498 4. The Inland Waterway from 18. Bayou Bodcau Reservoir, Franklin to the Mermen- La_ 500 tau River, La________ 467 19. Wallace Lake Reservoir, La- 501 5. Bayous LaLoutre, St. Malo, 20. Bayou Pierre, La_ 503 and Yscloskey, La .------ 469 21. Natchitoches Parish, La --- 504 6. Mississippi River, Baton 22. Aloha-Rigolette Area, Grant Rouge to the Gulf of and Rapides Parishes, La_ 506 Mexico, La_ 470 23. Bayou Teche and Vermilion 7. Waterway from Empire, La., River, La___ 507 to the Gulf of Mexico ... 479 24. Mermentau River, La -- 509 8. Bayou Lafourche, La _..... 480 25. Other authorized flood con- 9. Bayou Teche, La- 482 trol projects_____________ 512 10. Mermentau River, Bayou 26. Inspection of completed proj- Nezpique, and Bayou des ects_ 513 Cannes, La_ 485 27. Flood control work under 11. Calcasieu River and Pass, special authorization .... 513 La -- - - - - - - - - - 486 General investigations 12. Removing the water hya- cinth (Louisiana) 490 28. Examinations and surveys_ 516 13. Other authorized navigation 29. Collection and study of basic projects __ __ 492 data_- 516 1. RED RIVER BELOW FULTON, ARK. Location. The Red River rises in the arid regions of eastern New Mexico, flows in a general easterly and southeasterly direction for 1,300 miles, and enters the Atchafalaya and Old Rivers and the Mis- sissippi River at Red River Landing, La., via Old River. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps and Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, alluvial valley quadrangle maps.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of May 23, 1828; June 10, 1872; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; August 2, 1882; July 5, 1884; August 11, 1888; and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1868 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 895 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for continuing improvement of Red River from Fulton, Ark., to the Atchafalaya River, La., 455.6 miles by systematic clearing of the banks, snagging, dredging shoals, building levees (either alone or in cooperation with riparian States), RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT, 453 closing outlets, revetting caving banks, and preventing injurious cutoffs. The lower end of this project, exclusive of Overton-Red River Waterway, is at Old River, 7.6 miles west of the Mississippi River. No proposed channel dimensions are given. Floods ordinarily cause fluctuations of stage between high and low water of from 30 to 45 feet. Unusual floods occasionally increase this range about 10 feet. The flood of March-April 1945 produced crest stages 1 to 3 feet higher than maximum previously recorded. As the work is continuing, no estimate for completion was made. The latest (1941) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (Annual Reports for 1890, p. 1829, and for 1891, p. 1957), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, to authorize construction of the Overton-Red River waterway to Shreveport, La., and provide a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Mississippi River to the north bank of Black River (mile 35.5). (For latest published maps, see H. Doc. No. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces con- ducted dredging surveys and noncooperative stream gaging at a cost of $3,373, and the U. S. dredge No. 2, under the jurisdiction of the Vicksburg District, CE, removed approximately 37,711 cubic yards of shoaled material from Kings Bayou Crossing during the period August 6 to 11, 1954, at a cost of $18,158. The total costs for main- tenance during the fiscal year were $21,531. Condition at end of fiscal year. Maintenance in recent years pro- vides for navigation to Shreveport, La., at medium and high stages. The head of navigation is the Arkansas-Oklahoma State line, to which point boats may occasionally run during high water if snags, over- hanging trees, or similar obstructions do not interfere. From January to July the prevailing stage is 6 feet and over, and controlling depths are about 4 feet to Fulton, 5 feet to Shreveport, and 6 feet to Alex- andria. During the remainder df the year stages near zero may be expected, with controlling depths less than 1 foot from Fulton to Shreveport, 1 to 2 feet from Shreveport to Alexandria, 4 feet from Alexandria to mouth of Black River, and 6.5 feet thence to mouth. The total costs under the existing project to the end.of the fiscal year were $2,269,080, of which $409,929 was for new work and $1,859,- 151 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated- .. ------ -- _ --...------ --- --- ...---------... ----------- $1, 963, 806 Cost--------- ------------ --------------------------------------------- 1,963,806 Maintenance: Appropriated- .----... - -$5, 405------- ---_ $50, 000 $14, 000 $24, 000 1, 863, 680 Cost.....-------- ------------ ---------- 50, 000 11, 939 531 21, 1,859, 151 1Includes $1,553,878 for new work for previous projects. 454 . REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 2. CYPRESS BAYOU AND WATERWAY BETWEEN JEFFERSON, TEX., AND SHREVEPORT, LA. Location. This bayou rises in northeast Texas and flows in a southeasterly direction to Caddo Lake, through this lake to Big Willow Pass, and through Big and Little Willow Passes, Soda Lake, Twelve Mile Bayou, the new diversion canal, and Cross Bayou to the Red River at Shreveport, La., a distance of about 132 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps and quadrangle maps.) Cypress Bayou proper ends where it enters Caddo Lake, but the name is frequently applied to the whole waterway above described. Existing project. This provides for dredging and straightening the channel, removing obstructions, and clearing the banks for 66 miles from Red River at Shreveport, to Jefferson, and for the con- struction of a dam without a lock at the foot of Caddo Lake. Caddo Lake Dam Location--- -- At foot of Caddo Lake, La., and Tex. about 23 miles above mouth of Jefferson-Shreve- port Waterway. Below Mooringsport, La--------- 2 miles. Length----------------------3,400 feet. Type------------------------ Fixed, on pile foundation. Date of completion_ - Dec. 21, 1914. Cost ------------------------ $100,553.47. Below the dam, fluctations of water level depend chiefly upon back- water from Red River, the maximum being about 10 feet. At the dam, fluctuations are from 2.5 feet below to 13.3 feet above the crest of the spillway, and at Jefferson the maximum was 30.4 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1907, is $120,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,200, including $3,500 for operating and care. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents I June 10, 1872 Open channel work _..............._ .Annual Report, 1872, p. 572. June 25, 1910 Construction of the dam .......----------------------- H. Doc. 220, 60th Cong., 1st sess. 1 The latest published map is in H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is one publicly owned brick warehouse, 50 by 150 feet, at Jefferson, Tex. The following terminal facilities are located at Mooringsport, La.: One privately owned covered dock, 60 by 60 feet, open to all small boats One privately owned pipe rack, not decked One privately owned boatways The warehouse at Jefferson has not been used for several years, since no commerce has moved in that vicinity. The wharf, dock, pipe rack, and boatways at Mooringsport are all owned by oil companies. There are no terminal facilities at Shreveport. The existing terminal facili- ties are considered adequate for present commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 455 Operations and results during fiscal year. A field reconnaissance, soil borings, and laboratory tests of the foundation soils beneath the Caddo Lake Dam were made and a report on the condition of the dam and the required repairs was prepared, all by hired labor at a cost of $2,471 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam at the foot of Caddo Lake was completed in 1914, completing the project. Its construction and maintenance insure a 4-foot navigable depth at low water from that point to Jefferson, the head of navigation but prevent possible navi- gation to Shreveport, except for such light draft boats as may pass over the dam at high stages. Below the dam, navigation is largely dependent upon backwater from Red River. A stage of from 15 to 24 feet on the Red River gage at Shreveport, depending on the runoff from Cypress Bayou drainage area, is necessary to provide a 4-foot depth up to the dam. Such stages are short in duration and irregular in occurrence. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $546,877, of which $202,817 was for new work, $205,794 for maintenance, and $138,266 for operating and care. In addition, $50,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . ... 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated---- -------------------- ------------------------------------ $202, 817 Cost--------------------------- --------------------------------------- 202, 817 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- -$2, 904 .........-----...-------------.................------------... $3,000 344, 589 Cost -------------------------------------------------------- 2, 471 344, 060 1 In addition, $50,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. 3. GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN APALACHEE BAY, FLA., AND THE MEXICAN BORDER (NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT) Location. The section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway within the New Orleans District extends from Lake Borgne Light No. 41, near the mouth of the Rigolets, to the Sabine River, La., and Tex. The section from Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to the Mississippi River follows the Rigolets and Lake Ponchartrain to the lake end of the State-owned Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, thence by way of this canal to the Mississippi River, a distance of 40.5 miles. By Public Law No. 675, 77th Congress, approved July 23, 1942, the project was modified to provide for a land cut through the marsh from the Rigo- lets to a point on the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal about 2.25 miles from the Mississippi River, eliminating passage through Lake Pontchartrain and five drawbridges, a distance of 30.8 miles to the Mississippi River by this route. From the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal to the entrance to Harvey lock, the route follows the Mississippi River for a distance of 5.5 miles. The section from the Mississippi River to Atchafalaya River, La., leaves the Mississippi River through Harvey lock about 3.3 miles 456 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 above Canal Street and follows Harvey Canal No. 1 and Bayou Barataria to Bayou Villars, a land cut south of Lake Salvador to Harvey Canal No. 2, Harvey Canal No. 2 to Larose, La., and a land cut to Houma, La., thence over a land cut south of Bayou Black and Bayou Cocodrie, thence through Bayou Cocodrie and a land cut to Bayou Black; thence through Bayou Black, Bayou Chene, and Bayou Boeuf to the Atchafalaya River, about 0.5 mile south of Morgan City, La., a total distance of 95.5 miles. An alternate connection with the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Algiers, La., about 10.3 miles below Harvey lock, consisting of a lock and land cut about 9 miles in length intersecting the Intracoastal Waterway at about mile 6, is now under construction. An alternate route from the Mississippi River at Plaquemine, La. (113 miles above New Orleans), follows Bayou Plaquemine and lower Grand River to and through a lock at Bayou Sorrel in the East Atcha- falaya Basin protection levee, thence through the levee borrow pit to Berwick Bay; and thence through Berwick Bay to Morgan City, La., a total distance of 56 miles. This alternate route is to be en- larged from the vicinity of Morgan City to Indian Village, La., and to be extended from Indian Village, La., through Bayou Grosse Tete and a new land cut to and through a new terminal lock and entrance channel to the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Port Allen, La., a total distance of 65 miles. The section from the Atchafalaya River to Vermilion River, La., begins at the western end of the Mississippi-Atchafalaya section and follows the Atchafalaya River about 2.5 miles, portions of Little Wax Bayou, Possum Bayou, cutoffs, a land cut passing through North Bend Plantation to Bayou Bartholomew; Bayou Bartholomew to Little Bay, a land cut skirting the north edge of Cote Blanche Island and the west edge of Weeks Island to Vermilion River, about 24 miles below Abbeville, La., a total distance of about 63.6 miles. Franklin Canal, St. Mary Parish, La., extends southwesterly from Franklin, La., on Bayou Teche, for 5.15 miles to Bayou Portage, a section of "The Inland Waterway from Franklin to the Mermentau River, La.," and through the bayou for 0.75 mile to the Gulf Intra- coastal Waterway, 121 miles west of Harvey lock. The section from Vermilion River to Mermentau River, La., begins at the western end of the Atchafalaya-Vermilion section and follows Vermilion River 1.3 miles, a part of the Schooner Bayou cutoff canal, and a land cut running in a general northwesterly direction to Mer- mentau River at a point about 0.5 mile above its entrance into Grand Lake and about 16 miles below the town of Lake Arthur, La., a total distance of about 42.7 miles. Vermilion lock has been constructed about 1.75 miles west of Vermilion River to prevent the ingress of salt water from Vermilion Bay. The section from Mermentau River to Calcasieu River, La., begins at the western end of the Vermilion-Mermentau section and follows the Mermentau River upstream for about 1.5 miles, a land cut running in a west-southwesterly direction to Lake Misere, passing north of the lake and Bayou Misere, westerly to Sweet Lake, south and west RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 457 of Sweet Lake, northwesterly to Bayou Tete Bois, through Bayou Tete Bois, Black Bayou and cutoffs to a point on Calcasieu River about 16.6 miles below the city of Lake Charles, La., a total distance of about 37.1 miles. Calcasieu lock has been constructed near the intersection of Cal- casieu River and Intracoastal Waterway, mile 238, Gulf section, Calcasieu Parish, approximately 16.6 miles below Lake Charles, La. The section from the Calcasieu River to Sabine River, La., and Tex., begins at the western end of the Mermentau-Calcasieu section, and follows the Calcasieu River upstream about 1.6 miles, a land cut running in a southwesterly direction 2.8 miles, thence west 22 miles to Sabine River at a point about 3 miles below Orange, Tex., a total distance of about 27.1 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 878-884, in- clusive; Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army Mississippi River Commis- sion alluvial valley map and Rigolets, Chef Menteur, St. Bernard, New Orleans, Barataria, Baton Rouge, Grosse Tete, Chicot Lake, Foster, Napoleonville, Morgan City, Belle Isle, Bayou Sale, Jean- erette, and Derouen quadrangles; U. S. Geological Survey maps, Cut- off, Houma, Gibson, Abbeville (southeast), Abbeville (southwest), Schooner Bayou (southeast), Schooner Bayou (southwest), Schooner Bayou (northeast), Schooner Bayou (northwest), Grand Lake East (northeast), Grand Lake East (northwest), Latania Lake, Lake Misere, Boudreaux Lake, Sweet Lake, Lake Charles, Moss Lake, Black Lake, Cameron Farms, and Phoenix Lake quadrangles; and naviga- tion maps of Intracoastal Waterway, Port Arthur, Tex., to New Or- leans, La.) Previous projects. Previous projects for the different sections of this improvement were adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: August 11, 1888; March 2,1907; March 3,1909; June 25, 1910; February 27, 1911; July 25, 1912; August 8,1917; July 18, 1918; March 2, 1919; and September 22, 1922. For further details, see pages 878-895 of Annual Report for 1924. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 384.1 miles long which is 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide at mean low Gulf, except in the section between Lake Borgne Light No. 41 and New Orleans (via land cut through the marsh and Industrial Canal), 33.1 miles long where a width of 150 feet is provided; an alternate route 9 feet deep by 100 feet wide between Lake Borgne Light No. 41 and New Orleans (via the Rigolets, Lake Pontchartrain, and Industrial Canal), 40.5 miles long; an alternate connection with the Mississippi River below Algiers, 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide about 9 miles long; a channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide for the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route from the Mississippi-Atchafalaya section of the waterway, in the vicinity of Morgan City, through Lower Atchafalaya River (Berwick Bay) and the borrow pit of the East Atchafalaya protection levee to and through Bayou Sorrel lock which was con- structed under the existing project "Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries," thence through Lower Grand River to Indian Vil- 458 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 lage, and thence by way of Bayou Grosse Tete and a new land cut to and through a new terminal lock and entrance channel to the Missis- sippi River in the vicinity of Port Allen, La., opposite the lower limit of the Port of Baton Rouge; a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Indian Village on the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route through Bayou Plaquemine and Plaquemine lock to the Mississippi River at Plaquemine, La.; improvement of Franklin Canal as a con- necting channel from Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (mile 121) to Franklin, La., to afford a channel 8 feet deep and generally 60 feet wide with a width of 100 feet in its upper 300 feet; and a salt-water guard lock (Calcasieu lock) in the waterway at mile 238 west of Harvey lock. The project also provides for the following: Widening at bends; passing places; mooring basins; locks or guard locks; such railroad bridges over artificial cuts as are necessary; purchase of pipeline dredge; construction and operation of new drainage canals and pumping facilities to restore parish drainage systems where inter- cepted; construction of movable bridges at Missouri Pacific Railroad and State Highway Nos. 31 and 996 (in lieu of the State Highway Bridge No. 31, a tunnel is being constructed, additional cost over estimated cost of bridge to be borne by local interests) ; fixed trestle bridges for crossing of proposed landside drainage canals; lift bridges at Louisiana Highway No. 168, Port Allen, La., at Texas and Pacific Railway, Port Allen, La., and at Texas and Pacific Railway, Morley, La.; and for annual payments to the Board of Commissioners of the Port of New Orleans for use of a portion of the Inner Harbor Navi- gation Canal. The length of the waterway within the New Orleans District is 384.1 miles via the northerly or Port Allen route; and 299.4 miles via the southerly or Harvey Canal route. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 10 inches and the extreme range is 14 inches. A severe storm may cause a high tide of from 6 to 9 feet. The total estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1955), exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $63,185,500 divided as follows: Algiers lock and canal, $14,900,000; Plaquemine-Morgan City Route, $32,500,000; and remainder of waterway, $15,785,500. The construction of a double-leaf bascule, four-line highway bridge with approaches at Louisiana State Highway No. 61; and the con- struction of bulkheads and jetties at Lake Borgne and Chef Menteur, La., if found necessary, provided for in this project, are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The costs of these items were last revised in 1955, and were estimated to be $3,018,800. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,543,000, including $820,000 for regular mainte- nance and $723,000 for operation and care of locks and dams and costs pertaining to use of necessary State-owned facilities in connection with the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal. Bayou Sorrel lock and Bayou Boeuf lock were constructed and are being maintained and operated with Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries, funds. Therefore, construction, maintenance, and operation costs are not included in the approved estimates referred to hereinbefore. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 459 Inner Harbor Navzgation Canal lock Miles below New Orleans. La. (Canal St.) Miles from Mississippi River_ ----- ---- 2.9. 0.6. Width of chamber 75 feet. Length available for full width_ 640 feet. Lift---------------------------------- 0-17.4 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level- 31.5 feet. Character of foundation_ ------------ Timber piles. Kind of dam_ None. Type of construction_ Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation_ February 1923. Cost (non-Federal) $8,648,492. Algiers lock Miles below New Orleans, La. (Canal St.) ..... 7. Miles from Mississippi River___ 0.38. Width of chamber 75 feet. Length available for full width_ 760 feet. Lift ___.____-__ 0-18 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level- 13 feet. Character of foundation_ Timber piles. Kind of dam None. Type of construction___ Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation_ Under construction. Cost (estimated) $5,060,900. Harvey lock Miles above New Orleans, La. (Canal St.) 3.3. Miles from Mississippi River- 0.13. Width of chamber_ 75 feet. Length available for full width_ 425 feet. Lift _ 0-19.6 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level ..... 12 feet. Character of foundation Timber piles. Kind of dam_ None. Type of construction_____ Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation_ 1934 and completed 1935. Cost_- $1,775,132. Calcasieu lock Miles below Lake Charles, La---------------16.6. Miles from Calcasieu River-----------------0.5. Width between abutments--------------_, 75 feet. Length available for full width----_-- ___ 1,180 feet. Lift-_ ------------------------------- 0-4 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level 13 feet. Character of foundation--------------------Concrete slab on preconsoli. dated stiff clay. Kind of dam ----------------------------- None. Type of construction-------------------_ Reinforced concrete gate bays with earth chamber. Opened to navigation---------- - December 1950. Cost-------------- ------------------------ $2,133,527. 460 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Plaquemine lock Miles above New Orleans, La. (Canal St.) ..... 113. Miles from Mississippi River ___ 0.10. Width of chamber- _ 55 feet. Length available for full width- 260 feet. Lift_ -- - --- 0-34 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level 10 feet. character of foundation_________ Timber piles. Kind of dam 'Type of construction___ Completed and opened to navigation_ None. Concrete. 1909. Cost ------------ $1,302,006. Bayou Sorrel lock Miles from New Orleans, La. (Canal St.): Via Plaquemine lock-_--- 131. Via Harvey lock_ ----- _ 135. Miles from Mississippi River via Plaquemine lock' 18. Width of chamber 56 feet. Length available for full width_ Lift ---- -- - 760 feet. 0-21 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level- 14.31 feet. Character of foundation Timber piles. Type of construction___ ______________ Reinforced concrete gate bays with earth chamber. Opened to navigation_ June 1951. Completed------------- October 1952. Cost------------ $4,700,948. Vermilion lock Miles from Abbeville, La_____________________ 26. Miles from Vermilion River -__ 1.75. Width between abutments_--_ -_____ 56 feet. Length available for full width_ 1,182 feet. Lift ---- 0-5 feet, either direction. Depth on gate at mean low Gulf level _________ 11.3 feet. Character of foundation_-- - Timber piles. Kind of dam_--------- Reinforced concrete spillway dam, vertical cast-steel gates, timber-pile foundations. Type of construction_________________________ Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation _-- - - -- 1933 and completed 1934. Cost--- $330,765. Bayou Boeuf lock Miles from New Orleans, La. (Canal St.): Via Harvey lock-__ 96.6. Via Plaquemine lock------------------- 170.0. Miles from Mississippi River via Plaquemine lock' 56.7. Width between abutments- _ 75 feet. Length available for full width- ___ 1,160 feet. Lift___--------------- -------------------- 0-11.3 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf--------------13 feet. Character of foundation_ - - - - -- Concrete slab on medium to stiff clay. Type of construction-- --- Reinforced concrete gate bays with earth chamber. Opened to navigation---------------------- September 1954. Cost (estimated) ------------------------ $2,754,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 461 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1925 Construction of waterway from New Orleans, La., H. Doc. 238, 68th Cong., 1st sess. to Galveston Bay, Tex. Jan. 21, 1927 Extension of waterway to Corpus Christi, Tex __ -_-- Do. July 3, 1930 A channel 100 feet wide and 9 feet deep from Lake H. Doc. 341, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Pontchartrain to Mississippi Sound. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. July 23,1942 Enlargement of waterway from 100 feet wide and 9 H. Doc. 96, 79th Cong., 1st sess.;2 feet deep to 125 feet wide and 12 feet deep, from H. Doc. 230, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Apalachee Bay, Fla., to Corpus Christi, Tex., and its extension to the vicinity of the Mexican border, except between Mobile Bay, Ala., and New Orleans, La., where the width shall be 150 feet; and for rental of Inner Harbor Navigation Canal facilities. Mar. 2, 1945 Alternate connection with the Mississippi River in S. Doc. 188, 78th Cong., 2d sess. the vicinity of Algiers at New Orleans. July 24,1946 Enlargement and extension of the Plaquemine-Mor- S. Doc. 242, 79th Cong., 2d sess. gan City route from the Mississippi-Atchafalaya section of the waterway, in the vicinity of Morgan City, to and through a new terminal lock and en- trance channel to the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Port Allen, opposite the lower limit of the Port of Baton Rouge. Do....... Restoration, improvement, and maintenance of the S. Doc. 189, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Franklin Canal as a terminal branch channel, 8 feet deep and 60 feet wide from its confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to Franklin, La. Do--..... A salt-water guard lock in the waterway at mile 238 S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess. west of Harvey lock. 1 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. 2 Not mentioned in authorizing act. Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation for the work performed by the United States have been complied with. Rights-of- way for the waterway from Port Allen to Morgan City are being conveyed to the United States through the local cooperating agency as required for construction. Terminal facilities. The terminals at New Orleans which are most generally used by Intracoastal Waterway traffic are those controlled by the State of Louisiana on the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal. Since April 1, 1944, the portion from the Mississippi River to its intersection with the New Orleans-Rigolets section of the Gulf Intra- coastal Waterway has been under lease to the United States and is now operated by the United States, toll free, 24 hours per day. Except for the terminal facilities at New Orleans, facilities are in general confined to privately owned piers, wharves, or oil docks. At Morgan City on the Atchafalaya River there are 2 large and 3 small wharves open to all without charge. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsandresults during fiscal year. New work by hired labor: For the Algiers lock and canal: Acquisition of rights-of-way, en- gineering and design, preparation of plans and specifications, and preparation of agreements for alteration of facilities, were carried on at a cost of $86,668; and obtaining discharge measurements for Orleans and Plaquemines Parishes pumping stations and testing equipment for these stations were continued at a cost of $230. Purchase of electric power from the Louisiana Power and Light Company for testing amounted to $2,335. 462 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIY, 1955 Levee gap closure at river end of lock structures was commenced on June 7, 1955, and is 32 percent complete; expansion joint repairs were commenced on February 23, 1955, and are 31 percent complete; lowering the power cable at Orleans pumping station and embank- ment work was accomplished during the period April 18 to 29, 1955; and repairs to drains, raising guard light, repairing light standard, and uncovering submarine cable were commenced on February 23, 1955, and are 61 percent complete. Costs for this work were $52,369. For the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route : Office of the Divi- sion Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, carried on engineering and design of Port Allen lock at a cost of $18,060 and the Waterways Experiment Station continued laboratory soil tests, foundation design, construction of model, and model tests of local hydraulic characteristics, at a cost of $60,213. Hired labor carried on real estate activities, negotiations with owning agencies for relocations, and acquisition of rights-of-way at a cost of $45,184; and engineering and design, model studies, laboratory tests, soil analyses, preparation of plans and specifications for dredging and for design of Texas and Pacific railroad bridge at Morley, La., preparation of preliminary design of lock structure; borings and piezometer work; and preparation of negotiations on utilities at a cost of $117,252. New work by contract: Alternate connection in the vicinity of Algiers lock and canal: Under a reimbursable contract with the State of Louisiana, Department of Highways, for highway relocations, in- cluding a vehicular traffic tunnel and necessary bridges, the following work was accomplished: Cut Off, Belle Chasse, and 12-Mile Point highways and detour road, routes 1509 and 996, and Algiers Cutoff Canal bridge, in progress at beginning of fiscal year were completed on August 20, 1954, and March 24, 1955, respectively. Contracts were awarded for construction of bridges over Plaquemines drainage canal for highways Nos. 31 and 1460, which bridges were constructed during the period August 10, 1954, to January 26, 1955, and for the construc- tion of 3.25 miles of Bayou Barataria Road, which construction com- menced on May 16, 1955, and is 5 percent complete with 81 percent of the clearing and grubbing accomplished. Construction of Belle Chasse vehicular tunnel, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, continued, and is 92 percent complete with backfilling, comple- tion of approach and service roads, and installation of mechanical equipment remaining to be completed. A continuing contract was awarded for the construction of a ver- tical lift bridge over Algiers canal, a fixed bridge over Plaquemines drainage canal, and track raising and embankment construction in connection with the alteration of the New Orleans and Lower Coast (Missouri-Pacific) Railroad. Construction commenced on Septem- ber 20, 1954, and is 41 percent complete. A reimbursable contract entered into with the Southern Bell Tele- phone and Telegraph Company for alteration of their facilities across Algiers lock and canal and work was commenced on April 11, 1955, which is 62 percent complete. Construction of parish road relocation and access road in RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 463 Plaquemines Parish, La., commenced in previous fiscal year was com- pleted on August 24, 1954. The costs for these relocation contracts were $1,947,098. Construction of Orleans Parish pumping station access road was accomplished during the period August 2 to October 15, 1954, and en- largement of drainage canal and construction of temporary timber trestle, commenced under contract on April 15, was completed on June 8, 1955. Construction of guidewall closure, cistern repairs, and discharge weir, was commenced under contract on June 13, 1955, and is 3 percent complete, with approximately 70 percent of cistern repairs accom- plished. The costs for these contracts amounted to $46,275. Construction of the second lift of the Algiers navigation canal levees, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was continued and completed on January 23, 1955, when 341,095 cubic yards were placed in constructing approximately 5.25 miles of west levee and 288,558 cubic yards were placed in constructing 4.34 miles of east levee. The second lift extension was constructed by contract during the pe- riod November 8, 1954, to February 4, 1955, with 18,990 cubic yards placed in west levee over a distance of 2.7 miles and 24,731 cubic yards placed in east levee over a distance of 3.25 miles, with approximately 9,626 cubic yards of material stockpiled on west levee over a distance of 400 linear feet. A continuing contract was awarded for levee gap closures, slide repairs, and raising low levees, in Orleans and Plaquemines Parishes. Work commenced on June 13 and approximately 1,400 linear feet of gaps in the Algiers lock and canal levee have been closed. Costs for this levee work amounted to $149,830. Fences were erected at the Orleans and Plaquemines Parishes pumping stations during the period August 20 to November 1, 1954, at a cost of $3,836. Work under contract for designing, fabricating, erecting, and test- ing a 50-ton stiffleg derrick for use at Algiers lock was commenced in previous fiscal year and completed on November 2, 1954, and work under contract for manufacture and delivery of emergency dam gird- ers and needle dam girders, including the girder supports, also com- menced in previous fiscal year, was completed on November 15, 1954. The costs were $117,465. Purchases for Orleans and Plaquemines Parishes pumping stations amounted to minus $6. Delayed costs on contracts completed in previous fiscal year amounted to $19,967. Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route. Construction com- menced on February 19, 1955, with the dredging of the portion of Port Allen Canal between miles 11.9 and 17.0. All work under this contract was completed on June 15, 1955, when approximately 2,894,734 cubic yards had been removed by ,the dredge Duplex. The costs were $469,023. Reimbursable agreements have been en- tered into with the Texas and Pacific Railway Co. for the alteration of their facilities and with the State of Louisiana, Department of 363037-55-vol. 2-30 464 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Highways, for the alteration of State Highway 168 and rearrangement of State Highway 30, both across Port Allen Canal. Plans and specifications for construction of the Texas and Pacific Railroad bridge were completed and advertised on June 1. The Department of High- ways is engaged in planning for alteration of highways. A contract is being negotiated with the Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Co. for alteration of their facilities across this proj- ect. The costs for preliminary work on these contracts amounted to $2,000. Maintenance by hired labor: Dredging surveys, miscellaneous in- vestigations, condition and operation surveys, channel patrol, non- cooperative stream gaging, engineering studies, economic justification report, plans and specifications, aerial photos and mapping, proces- sing leases, acquisition of rights-of-way, report on study on caving banks west of Harvey, La., clearing willows from banks and cleaning lock-gate pits and recesses, and constructing mooring facilities at Har- vey Canal were carried on with costs of $234,890. Repairs to the fender systems of the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal lock, Harvey, and Vermilion locks were accomplished with costs of $92,996. Operating and care: The locks were operated throughout the fiscal year. The locks, grounds, and structures were maintained in good condition, and all necessary and routine work thereon performed by hired labor at the following costs: Calcasieu lock__ ___ ________--------- $67, 148 Harvey lock-------------- 03, 566 1----------------------- Inner Harbor Navigation Canal lock-------------------------------- 163, 183 Plaquemine lock_---- ------- 87, 699 Vermillion lock_______-------- -- _75, 744 Algiers lock----------------------------------------------------- 10,305 Total----------- ------------------------------------------ 507, 645 Security measure at Plaquemine lock cost $29,071. The cost of operating the Paris Road pontoon bridge and the Flor- ida Avenue Bridge was $55,457. Service facilities for the Orleans and Plaquemines Parishes pump- ing stations amounted to $4,843. Maintenance by contract: Work under contract for restoring the Mississippi River-Atchafalaya River section of the waterway between miles 126.4 and 137.6 and 145.7 and 155, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed on December 13, 1954, with approxi- mately 742 stations restored this fiscal year by the dredge Moreland II between miles 126.4 and 137.6 and 145.7 and 155, and the dredge Paul F. Jahnecke between miles 145.7 and 150.3. Costs were $87,748. Approximately 287,156 cubic yards of shoaled material were re- moved by leased dredges as follows: Pontchartrain Tchefuncta Inner Harbor Navigation Canal forebay -- --------------- 3, 508 72,030 Inner Harbor Navigation Canal tailbay------------------------------- 198, 693 Harvey lock forebay ..---------------------------------------------- 12, 925 RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 465 The costs for work by leased dredges were $72,233. Repairs to bulkhead east of Houma, La., were accomplished by con- tract during the period November 8, 1954, to April 1, 1955, at a cost of $38,707. Costs incidental to lease for use of Inner Harbor Navigation Canal facilities were $495,777. Deferred costs on contracts completed in previous fiscal year were $17,069. The total costs during the fiscal year (all funds) were $4,774,235, of which $3,137,799 was for new work; $1,039,420 for maintenance: and $597,016 was for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, as modified by River and Harbor Acts approved March 2, 1945, and July 24, 1946, is 43 (revised) percent complete. Plaquemine lock was completed in 1909; its reservation comprises 19 acres. Vermilion lock was completed in 1934; the ground on which it is constructed is possessed by the United States under an easement deed to a strip of land 300 feet wide along the Intracoastal Waterway. Harvey lock was completed in 1935; the reservation comprises 3.3 acres. Inner Harbor Navigation Canal lock was leased by the United States from the Board of Commissioners of the Port of New Orleans effective April 1, 1944. Bayou Sorrel lock, constructed with funds for Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries, and located in the East Atchafalaya Basin protection levee, was opened to navigation June 4, 1951, and completed October 1, 1952. The lock is used as part of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway alternate route from Plaquemine, La., to Morgan City, La. Bayou Boeuf lock, also constructed with funds for Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries, and located in the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway at Morgan City, was opened to navigation September 2, 1954. Calcasieu lock, which was opened to navigation on December 18, 1950, was physically completed on April 25, 1952. Dredging of the canal, except for the work authorized under River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945, and July 24, 1946, was commenced on December 19, 1942, and completed on June 9, 1944. Dredging Franklin Canal to an interim 8- by 50-foot section was completed during the period July 26, 1949, to March 14, 1950. The alternate connection below Algiers, with new lock, is approxi- mately 83 percent complete, with the following work having been ac- complished to date at a cost of $12,409,500: Completion of lock struc- ture, Plaquemines and Orleans Parishes pumping stations; partial completion of guide levees and navigation canal; purchase and instal- Ition of power cable for Orleans Parish pumping station; installa- tion of a chain link fence on Algiers lock reservation, and at Orleans and Plaquemines Parishes pumping stations; and relocation and al- teration of reservation buildings and construction of appurtenances; relocation of State routes Nos. C-1509 and C-996, including fixed bridges over drainage canals; construction of Algiers Cutoff Canal bridge; bridges over Plaquemines drainage canal, highways Nos. 31 and 1460; relocation of parish road; construction of access roads in Plaquemines and Orleans Parishes; enlargement of drainage canal and construction of temporary timber trestle; construction of second 466 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 lift and second lift extension on Algiers navigation canal levees; and installation of stiff leg derrick and emergency dam girders. Work is in progress on construction of Barataria Road and Belle Chasse ve- hicular tunnel; alteration of New Orleans and Lower Coast Railroad; facilities of Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Co.; guidewall closure, cistern repairs, levee gap closures, slide repairs, and raising low levees. The Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route on which construc- tion commenced on February 19, 1955, is 3 percent complete, with that portion of the Port Allen Canal between miles 11.9 and 17 completed and reimbursable agreements entered into for alteration of railroad and highway facilities, and negotiations in progress on agreement covering alteration of telephone and telegraph facilities. The costs to date were $882,400. Atchafalaya River to the Vermilion River section: Completion of Franklin Canal and other minor items remain to be completed. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (June 1954), were: Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to Sabine River, 12 feet (April and May 1955) ; Harvey lock to Sabine River, 12 feet in dredged channel; controlling depth is 11.3 feet over sill at Vermilion lock. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year (all funds) were $48,026,614, of which $28,725,370 was for new work (including $353,541, Public Works funds, and $330,370, con- tributed funds) $10,660,986 for maintenance (including $11,457, cov- ering costs of deferred items), and $8,451,797 (excluding $521,485, costs for works of improvement under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purpose) for operation and care of locks and bridges. In addition, the sum of $521,485 was expended between January 1, 1927, and June 30, 1935, on the operating and care of works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purpose. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated- ...... $3, 450, 000 $4, 366, 543 $60, 000 $35, 000 $750, 000 $34,395,371 Cost _ _--------------- 1, 327, 602 1, 213, 992 2,969,426 1,949,887 3, 137, 799 33, 046, 068 Maintenance: Appropriated ...-------- 2, 310,450 1, 544, 913 1, 573, 728 1,882, 563 1, 648, 600 20, 313, 302 Cost_------------ 1, 857, 752 1,832,567 1, 834, 179 1, 974, 756 1, 636, 436 20, 115, 991 I Includes $4,320,698 for new work; $454,259 for maintenance; and $548,948 for operating and care for previ- ous projects. 2 Included in these totals are $353,541, NIRA funds (new work); $1,070,433, permanent indefinite appro- priation and $11,457 covering cost of deferred items (maintenance); and $75,000 from appropriation for main- tenance and operation of dams and other improvements of navigable waters. 3 In addition, contributed fundsi n amount of $295,267 and advance funds of $35,103 were expended for new work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_-- --------- $94, 303 2, 736, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____________ ____________ __ 2, 830, 303 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------_ 33, 393, 627 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 467 4. THE INLAND WATERWAY FROM FRANKLIN TO THE MERMETTAU RIVER, LA. Location. The canal extends from Hanson lock on Bayou Teche through Hanson Canal and Bayou Portage to the Intracoastal Water- way, and along the Intracoastal Waterway to mile 161, west of Ver- milion Bay. The total length of the waterway is 26.8 miles. (See U. S. Coast and G'eodetic Survey Chart No. 1116; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map, and Foster, Bayou Sale, Jeanerette, and Derouen quadrangles; U. S. Geological Survey maps, Abbeville (southeast), and Abbeville (southwest).) Existing project. This project, as modified by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), provides for a waterway from Bayou Teche at or near Franklin, La., to the western end of Vermilion Bay, having a depth of 5 feet below mean low Gulf and a bottom width of 40 feet, with appropriate side slopes; also the purchase of the Hanson Canal. This project, reported in the Annual Report for 1924 under the headings, Intracoastal Waterway, Franklin to Mermentau, La., and Intracoastal Waterway from Vermilion River to Schooner Bayou, La., has been superseded for most of its length by the project "Gulf Intra- coastal Waterway (New Orleans District)." The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), authorized the incorporation of the existing project "Inland Water- way from Franklin, La., to the Mermentau River," west of Vermilion Bay, in the modified Flood Control, General, project "Mermentau River, La." Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tides is about 10 inches and the extreme range about 14 inches. A severe storm may cause a high tide of from 6 to 9 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1950) is $125,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $22,000, including $12,000 for operation and care of Hanson lock. Data regarding the lock are as follows: Hanson lock Miles from Franklin, La_ 1.5. Miles from Bayou Teche-----------------0. Width of chamber_ ---------------------- 26.5 feet. Length available for full width 937 feet. Lift_ _-- --------------------------------- 0-5 feet. Depth on miter sill at low water_ 5 feet. Character of foundation---------------_ Timber piles. Kind of dam---------------------------None. Type of construction---------------------Concrete buttresses, wooden miter gates, earth-lock cham- ber. Completed ---------------------------- 1907. Operated by the United States since 1923. Cost------ --------------------------- $65,000, including 4.1 miles of canal. 468 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1907 The general project (waterway from Franklin to the H. Doc. 640, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Mermentau River, La.). Mar. 3. 1909 fAuthorized the Secretary of War to make such changes Feb. 27,1911 1 in location of channel as might be desirable. July 25,1912 Authorized the purchase of the so-called Hanson Canal between Bayou Teche and Cote Blanche Bay, at a cost not to exceed $65,000. Mar. 2,1919 Construction of the Schooner Bayou cutoff-------........--. H. Doc. 1336, 62d Cong., 3d sess. (contains latest published maps). June 26, 19341 Inclusion of operation and care of locks in project provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. July 24,1946 The incorporation of the existing project west of Ver- S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess. milion Bay in the modified project "Mermentau River, La." I Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs in the amount of $1,831, operating and care, were incurred for maintenance of Hanson lock. Normally the gates are left in an open position and are operated only as required. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was considered com- plete prior to the modification by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, which provided for channel enlargement and realine- ment from Vermilion Bay to White Lake and from White Lake to Grand Lake; for channel enlargement of North Prong of Schooner Bayou and for construction of a gated control structure in the new channel near Schooner Bayou lock, and the incorporation of the existing project "Inland Waterway from Franklin to the Mermentau River, La.," west of Vermilion Bay, in the modified Flood Control, General, project "Mermentau River, La." The Hanson Canal and lock were acquired on October 16, 1923; the lockmaster's house was completed in 1924; and was moved to Berwick lock during the period August 27 and October 26, 1951. The United States property on which the lock is situated is a strip of land 300 feet wide between parallel lines running from Bayou Teche to Bayou Portage, contain- ing 148 acres. Dredging from Vermilion Bay to the Mermentau River was completed in 1912. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (April 1953), were: From Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Cut-Off Canal, 6.5 feet; to Schooner Bayou, 12 feet; to White Lake, 11 feet; over bar, 3 feet; to Grand Lake, 6 feet; over bar, 3 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Water- way, 5 feet. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $793,349, of which $249,052 was for new work, $137,262 for maintenance, and $407,035 was for operating and care. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 469 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: ------ Appropriated ________-___ ___ -. .... ---------- . .....-... $249,052 Cost ___-------------------------- ---------- 249,052 Maintenance: Appropriated __..-.- $7, 950 -$1, 000 $2, 000 $1, 500 544, 469 Cost----------------- 4, 647 1, 572 $1, 900 1, 873 1,831 544, 297 1Includes $165, 299 from permanent indefinite appropriation for operating and care. 5. BAYOUS LA LOUTRE, 8T. MALO, AND YSCLOSKEY, LA. Location. From their common head at the small settlement of Yscloskey,,Bayou La Loutre flows southeasterly for 29.4 miles to Eloi Bay, and Bayou Yscloskey northeasterly for 2.2 miles to Lake Borgne. Bayou St. Malo leaves Bayou La Loutre at mile 19.4, flowing north- westerly 6.5 miles to Lake Borgne. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1270 anl 1271, and U. S. Geological Survey maps, Shell Beach, Lake Eloi, Lake Eugenie, and Morgan Harbor quad- rangles.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 5 feet deep and 40 feet wide from deep water in Lake Borgne to the shore line at the mouth of Bayou Yscloskey; a channel 6 feet deep and 40 feet wide from deep water in Lake Borgne through Bayous St. Malo, La Loutre, and Eloi to deep water in Lake Eloi; and a channel 5 feet deep and 30 feet wide in Bayou La Loutre between Hopedale and Bayou St. Malo, the total length of the improvements being 30.0 miles. The normal tide variation is about 1 foot. Hurricane tides, 6 feet above normal, have been reported. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1955), is $104,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 275, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (S. Doc. 116, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for modification of 1945, request for compliance not yet made. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor made sur- veys of the navigable waterway within the project for preparing plans and specifications for improvement dredging in Bayou La Loutre between Hopedale and Bayou St. Malo, authorized in 1945, and for maintenance dredging in Bayou St. Malo and in Bayou La Loutre from Bayou St. Malo to and through Bayou Eloi, which plans and specifica- tions are in progress and scheduled for advertisement on October 1, 1955. The cost for these surveys was $11,525. A 7- by 65-foot en- trance channel across the bar at the mouth of Bayou Yscloskey at Shell Beach, La., was dredged by hired labor during the period August 2 to 9, 1954, over a distance of 1,300 linear feet at a cost of $5,665. The total cost for maintenance was $17,191. 470 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, prior to the modifica- tion adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, which provides for the dredging of a channel 5 feet deep and 30 feet wide in Bayou La Loutre between Hopedale and Bayou St. Malo, was com- pleted in 1940. The existing project, as modified, is 42 (revised) percent complete. The project will be completed when the modification of 1945 is accomplished. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (January-April 1955) Bayou La Loutre, La.: To Baker's Canal, 2 feet; to Biloxi Land Co. Canal, 3 feet; to Bayou St. Malo, 5 feet; to Bayou Petre, 6 feet; to Bayou Eloi, 5 feet; through Bayou Eloi, 7 feet; over bar, 3 feet; Bayou Yscloskey: Over bar to shoreline, 5 feet; at shoreline, 1 foot; to Bayou La Loutre, 1 foot; Bayou St. Malo: Bayou La Loutre to shore- line, 6 feet; over bar, 4 feet. The total costs under the project to the end of the fiscal year were $117,040, of which $43,620 was for new work and $73,420 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------------------- $43, 620 Cost----------------------------------------------------------------- 43, 620 Maintenance: Appropriated .......------- $468 -------------------- ------------ $17, 500 73, 729 Cost----------------- 468 -17,191 73, 420 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- $60,400 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June30,1956---------------------------------------------60,400 6. MISSISSIPPI RIVER, BATON ROUGE TO THE GULF OF MEXICO, LA. Location. The Mississippi River between Baton Rouge and the Gulf of Mexico flows in a general southeasterly direction through the southeastern portion of the State of Louisiana. At the Head of Passes, 233.1 miles below the Louisiana Highway Commission bridge at Baton Rouge, the river is broken up into 3 main passes: Southwest Pass, South Pass, and Pass a Loutre, 2 of which, Southwest Pass and South Pass, are improved under the existing project. The distances from Head of Passes to the mouths of Southwest and South Passes are 20.1 miles and 13.5 miles, respectively. The mouth of Southwest Pass is 141 miles west of Mobile, Ala., and 349 miles east of Galveston, Tex. The mouth of South Pass is 18.5 miles northeast of the mouth of Southwest Pass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1269, 1271, and 1272; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map and Zachary, Baton Rouge, White Castle, Donaldsonville, Thibodaux, Mount Airy, Bonnet Carre, Hahn- ville, New Orleans, St. Bernard, Barataria, Pointe a la Hache, Black Bay, Empire, Forts, West Delta, East Delta, and Southwest Pass RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 471 quadrangles and Folio of Flood Control and Navigation Maps, Mis- sissippi River Cairo, Ill. to Gulf of Mexico, La., published by the president, Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.) Previous projects. Previous projects for the different sections of this improvement were adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: July 4, 1836; March 32 1837; August 30, 1852; July 8, 1856; and January 21, 1927. For further details, see page 1847, Annual Report for 1915; page 724, Annual Report for 1937; and pages 767 and 775, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for channel dimensions as follows: Between a line one-half mile below the Louisiana Highway Com- mission bridge at Baton Rouge and the upper port limits of New Orleans, a distance of 128.6 miles, 35 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 500 feet. Within the limits of the port of New Orleans, where that authority has jurisdiction over both banks of the river, a distance of 17.2 miles, 35 feet deep (mean low Gulf) and a maximum width of 1,500 feet, measured from a line generally 100 feet from the face of the left-bank wharves, but not closer than 100 feet to wharves on the right bank. From the lower limits of the port of New Orleans to the Head of Passes, a distance of 86.7 miles, 40 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 1,000 feet wide. Southwest Pass from Head of Passes to the outer ends of the jetties, a distance of 20.1 miles, 40 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 800 feet wide. Southwest Pass bar, 40 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 600 feet wide. South Pass from Head of Passes to the outer ends of the jetties, a distance of 13.5 miles, 30 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 450 feet wide. South Pass bar, 30 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 600 feet wide. The general plan of improvement of Southwest Pass provides for contracting the pass to a uniform cross section with approximately 1,420-foot surface width by means of jetties, spur dikes, and bulk- heads; for channel improvement by dredging and retaining the dredged material between the dikes, bulkheads, and jetties; for dredg- ing a channel through the outer bar inclining to the left of the jetty axis; for the construction of small revetted openings through the narrow portions of the banks of the pass for purpose of strengthening these banks; for closure of minor outlets not required for maintenance of the banks; for the construction of sills to prevent the enlargement of the Jump and Cubits Gap; for dredging to elevation minus 40 feet inthe river at Head of Passes, as far as Cubits Gap, a distance of 3.5 miles; for repairs to sill across Pass a Loutre and bank revetment at Head of Passes; for construction of dikes with a view to reducing the width of the river above Head of Passes; for the construction of a submerged deflecting dike above the Head of Passes; and for other minor work. The east jetty is approximately 24,950 feet in length and the west jetty 19,699 feet. The jetties are composed of a sub- structure of brush mattresses, originally built to about the elevation of mean low water, surmounted with a superstructure of concrete and large riprap. Spur dikes are composed of cribwork of round piling 472 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 filled with willows and stone, or with a curtain of round piles along the upstream face. The general plan of improvement of South Pass provides for the construction and maintenance of jetties and spur dikes; mainte- nance of a sill across Pass a Loutre; for dredging a channel 40 feet deep and no specified width through the shoals of the river between Cubits Gap and Head of Passes, 3.5 miles, and for seaward exten- sion of east jetty at mouth of pass; removal of west dike and con- struction of spur dikes and bank revetment at Head of Passes; removal of false point at the head of South Pass to bottom elevation of minus 45 feet and revetment of new bank line. The east jetty foundation is 12,070 feet long; the inner east jetty is 11,170 feet long; the west jetty is 7,820 feet long; and the inner west jetty is 4,710 feet long. The jetties are composed of a substructure of brush mattresses surmounted by a superstructure of stone and concrete. Spur dikes are composed of a cribwork of round piling filled with willows and stone. The plane of reference is mean low Gulf level. Variation of water surface is 16 inches at the mouths and 10 inches at the heads of the passes, due to tides. The extreme range of tides at the mouths of the passes due to storms is about 28 inches. At New Orleans the extreme range of water surface is about 20 feet due to floods. At Baton Rouge the extreme range is about 45 feet due to floods. The existing project for Mississippi River, Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico, La., was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1875 Authorized James B. Eads and associates to create Specified in acts. June 19,1878 and maintain a wide and deep channel, South Mar. 3,1879 Pass. June 6,19001 For maintenance by the United States and the ap- Do. propriation of not exceeding $100,000 annually for that purpose, South Pass. June 13,1902 For a navigable channel in Southwest Pass of 35-foot H. Doc. 329, 56tl h Cong., 1st sess., depth, the details of the work subject to modifica- and Annual Reeport, 1900, p. 2287. tion at the discretion of the Secretary of War. May 28,1908 Dredging shoals between Head of Passes and Cubits Specified in act. Do...___ {For Gap. dredging in the river- --------------------------- Removal of west dike and construction of spur dikes Do. Report by Boardd of Engineer offi- and bank revetment at Head of Passes. cers (Annual Report, 1916, pp. WAWA Z'AO). 2420-2426). Mar. 3,1909 Provision made for increasing the plant by the addi- Specified in acts. tion of a large dredge. (2) Further contraction of the lower mile of the jetty Interim report of board on revised channel in Southwest Pass to a width of 1,420 feet plan for navigation structures, by means of dikes, and removal of the sill across Cubits Gap to the mouth of the the head of South Pass. Passes, Oct. 20, 1934. (2) Removal of the sill across the head of South Pass ...- . Do. June 26,1934 For continuing maintenance operations with funds Permanent Appropriations Re- from regular annual War Department appropria- peals Act. tions, South Pass. (3) Spur dikes at the head of Southwest Pass and the Second interim report of board on construction of new dikes and extension of existing revised plan for navigation struc- dikes on the east bank of the Mississippi River at tures, Cubits Gap to the mouths Pilottown, La. of the Passes, July 12, 1935. (4) Additional spur dikes at the head of Southwest Pass Final report of board on revised and construction of new dikes and extension of plan for navigation structures, existing dikes in the lower jetty channel, South- Cubits Gap to the mouths of the west Pass. Passes, Dec. 20, 1935. See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 473 Acts Work authorized Documents -- i- I------------- June 20,1938 Channel 35 feet deep at mean low water and 1,000 feet H. Doc. 597, 75th Cong., 3d sess. wide, Head of Passes to upper limits of the port of New Orleans; 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide to a line }6-mile below river bridge at Baton Rouge, except that within the limits of the port of New Orleans the channel shall be 1,500 feet wide. (5) Dredging in Mississippi River between Cubits Gap Interim report of board of officers and Head of Passes to bottom elevation of 55 feet appointed to determine what and construction of bank control structures and work may be advisable to com- channel correction dredging in Southwest Pass be- plete the existing project for low mile 10. Southwest Pass, Mississippi River * * * ; dated June 10, 1938. (3) Improvement at the head of South Pass by removal of Do. the false point at this locality to a bottom elevation of at least 45 feet, including revetment of the new bank line. Mar. 2. 1945 Combines projects of Mississippi River, Baton Rouge H. Doc. 215, 76th Cong., 1st sess. to New Orleans, Mississippi River, South Pass, (contains latest published map). and Southwest Pass, adding thereto project for Mississippi River from New Orleans to Head of Passes, to provide a single project "Mississippi River, Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico," with channel dimensions as follows: Baton Rouge to New Orleans, 35 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 500 feet wide; port limits of New Orleans, 35 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 1,500 feet wide; New Orleans-to Head of Passes, 40 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by. 1,000 feet wide; Southwest Pass, 40 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 800 feet wide; Southwest Pass Bar Channel, 40 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 600 feet wide; South Pass, 30 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 450 feet wide; South Pass Bar Channel, 30 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 600 feet wide. 1 Emergency act. 2 Authority of Secretary of War, Oct. 31, 1934. 3 Authority of Secretary of War, Sept. 20, 1935. 4 Authority of Secretary of War, July 22, 1936. Authority of Secretary of War, June 30, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1955) is $31,441,000. The latest (1952) revised estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $1,750,000 Recommended modification of project. House Document No. 245, 82d Congress, 1st session, provides for construction of 2 new features: (1) A seaway canal, 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide, extending 70 miles as a land and water cut from Micheaud southeasterly to Lake Borgne, and across Chandeleur Sound to the 38-foot contour in the Gulf of Mexico, with protective jetties, a permanent retention dike through Chandeleur Sound, and a wing dike along the islands as required. (2) An inner tidewater harbor consisting of a 1,000 by 2,000-foot turning basin 36 feet deep at the landward end of the seaway canal, and a connecting channel 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide extending westerly along the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway from the turning basin to the Industrial Canal. The Federal cost of this modification is estimated on the basis of 1955 prices at $88,000,000 for construction and $1,000,000 annually for maintenance. The estimated non-Federal cost is $610,000. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Some 100 piers, wharves, or docks serve the port of New Orleans. Practically all wharves on the east or left bank parallel the river bank forming nearly a continuous covered quay about 10 miles long. A foreign trade zone is located in the port of New Orleans. 474 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Public wharves controlled by the Board of Commissioners of the port of New Orleans (the Dock Board) cover 62 percent of the im- proved waterfront. The board also controls the terminal facilities on the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal (the Industrial Canal) which connects the Mississippi River with Lake Pontchartrain and turn- ing basin (1,000 by 1,000 feet). Since April 1, 1944, the portion of the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal from the Mississippi River to its intersection with the New Orleans-Rigolets section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, exclusive of terminal facilities, but inclusive of the lock and the bridges at St. Claude Avenue and at Florida Avenue, has been under lease to the United States and is now operated by the United States on a toll-free basis, 24 hours per day. From the turning basin to the river the canal has a controlling depth of 30 feet. A quay wharf of reinforced concrete, 265 feet wide by 2,400 feet long owned by the Dock Board is located on the west bank of the canal. All public port facilities are served by paved roadways (generally city streets) and by the Public Belt Railroad, municipally owned and operated, which connects with all 12 trunk lines entering New Orleans. The existing terminal facilities include a ship-side grain elevator, general cargo and cotton wharves, fruit landings, bunkering facilities, terminal warehouses, railroad terminals, marine railways, and dry- docks. They are considered adequate for present commerce. (For further details see Port Series No. 20, "The Port of New Orleans, La." 1947.) Modern terminal facilities were installed by the city of Baton Rouge in 1926. A reinforced concrete dock for deep-sea vessels, 308 feet in length, has a covered shed area of approximately 20,000 square feet and is equipped with a 12-ton locomotive crane. Attached to the downstream end of the wharf is a floating wharf boat 231 by 401/2 feet, of 2,000-ton capacity. The facilities are served by a transfer boat and municipal terminal, having a capacity of 40 cars per day. Private terminals for handling oil and other products are located at points on both sides of the river between New Orleans and Baton Rouge. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details, see "Port Facilities" included in "Flood Control and Navigation Maps of the Mississippi River, Cairo, Ill., to the Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana," published by the President, Mississippi River Commission.) Operations and results during fiscal year. No new work was per- formed during the fiscal year. Maintenance work performed on the project was as follows : a. Baton Rouge to New Orleans : No maintenance dredging was done on crossings between Baton Rouge and New Orleans. Reconnaissance surveys were made of Red Eye, Medora, Granada, Philadelphia Point and Bayou Goula Crossings by hired labor, as re- quired, at a cost of $17,761. b. New Orleans Harbor: Maintenance dredging was accomplished by leased dredges Tehefuncta and Pontchartrain,removing 810,234 cubic yards of material from the channel to provide project dimen- sions within the harbor at New Orleans beyond the 100-foot line from the face of the wharves along the left bank, from the cotton warehouse RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 475 wharf intermittently downstream to and including the Standard Oil Company wharf. The distance actually dredged was 16,000 feet and the following work was performed : Location Cubic yards removed Dredge Pontchartrain: Cotton warehouse-Stuyvesant docks wharves_- ......... ------- ._-.. --... .- 130, 235 Dredge Tchefuncta: Stuyvesant docks.._________ _ Stuyveant _..___.. ._. dcks--------------------------------------------------------- 91, 870 9187 Orange-Robin Street wharves .. .- ----- __-__- - - --... 94, 005 Erato-Julia Street wharves____...... _ __ ------------------------------------------ 385, 430 Bay Petroleum wharf_ ___ - - _.__---..._.-. - .- --. .-. .- - . -. 58, 120 Standard Oil Co...................................................------------------------------------------------------------. 50, 574 On November 17, 1947, contract was entered into with the Board of Commissioners of the Port of New Orleans for a more efficient and expeditious use of dredges to provide navigable depths in the project channel in the Port of New Orleans, and within the 100-foot limit along the left bank wharves. On November 17, 1952, a supplemental agreement extended the contract for a period of 5 years. During the fiscal year under this reciprocal agreement 154,382 cubic yards were removed by leased dredge Tchefuncta from within the 100-foot line and 152,152 cubic yards were removed by the Board of Commissioners outside the 100-foot line. River traffic signal lights in the vicinity of Westwego, La., Gretna, La., and Governor Nicholls Street in New Orleans, to govern the movement of vessels during flood stages on the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Algiers Point, Port of New Orleans, were in operation from March 23 to April 22, and from April 30 to May 5, 1955. Necessary surveys to determine the condition of the channel in the harbor were made. Costs were as follows: Maintenance by contract: Dredging by leased plant-------------- $187, 021 Maintenance by hired labor : Operation of signal lights----------- 13, 181 Total----- --------------------------------------- 200,202 c. Southwest Pass: Maintenance work consisted of dredging 390,531 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt at the Head of Passes for a distance of approximately 2,400 feet along the entrance ranges into Southwest and South Passes. Repairs by contract to dike at west headland, Head of Passes, in progress at beginning of fiscal year, were completed on July 4, 1954, when the contractor completed stabilization of the dike. At Southwest Pass lower jetty channel and the bar channel, mainte- nance work consisted of dredging 1,707,021 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt between mile 19.2 below Head of Passes and the sea buoy, a distance of approximately 5,000 feet. Also, at this location between Ranges 116-D and 224-D, a distance of approximately 6,130 feet, 469,176 cubic yards of material were removed by hired labor and U. S. dredge A. Mackenzie. At miles 16.5 to 19.2 below Head of Passes in Southwest Pass, main- tenance dredging was performed by hired labor and U. S. dredge 476 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Langfitt removing 1,149,158 cubic yards of material between Ranges 36-D and 172-D for a distance of approximately 13,700 feet. Repair and maintenance of outlets and miscellaneous structures, inspections, routine channel surveys, miscellaneous hydraulic investi- gations and examinations and observations were made by hired labor forces. The Burrwood suboffice and reservation were placed out of commission on November 30, 1954. Some portion of the base continues to be leased to the United States Weather Bureau and the remainder of the base is leased to private interests. An office to handle surveys of the Mississippi River Passes was established at Venice, La. Costs were as follows: Maintenance by contract: Repairs to west headland structure, Head of Passes ----------- $8, 438 Repairs to east jetty, Southwest Pass ------------------------ 4, 228 Maintenance by hired labor: Dredging 5----------------------- 796 Repair and maintenance of outlets and miscellaneous struc- tures-------------------------------------------------- 6, 168 Processing leases ------------------------------------------ 6, 477 Routine channel surveys, miscellaneous observations, stream gaging, and partial operation of Burrwood Base-------------126, 762 Operation Venice office-------------------------------------1, 511 Total-------------------------------------------------686, 380 d. South Pass: No dredging was performed in South Pass. At mile 7.9 on the right bank an outlet structure was constructed by hired labor consisting of approximately 6,600 square feet of steel sheet piling, 1,640 tons of stone riprap, and 6,000 cubic yards of spoil bank. West jetty repairs were initiated by contract on February 23, 1955, for constructing approximately 926 linear feet of stone dikes, 900 linear feet of fasclne dikes and 180 linear feet of sheet pile weir with 11,268.06 tons of stone placed in stone dikes, 854,21 tons of stone in fascine dikes, and 857.81 tons of stone for protection at weir. There remains 300 tons of stone to be placed in the weir to complete the contract. Extension of west jetty was initiated by contract on June 12, 1955, for constructing approximately 1,148 linear feet of rubble mound jetty and 41,500 square feet of fascine mattress. The contract is 12 percent complete with 150.4 squares of fascine mattress placed and ballasted with 833 tons of stone over a distance of 370 linear feet. Approximately 381.77 tons of riprap were placed in the ex-dike as a blanket for the 1,200 tons of stone placed thereon. Routine channel surveys and miscellaneous observations were made. Costs were as follows: Maintenance by contract: Repairs to west jetty, South Pass __.-- $181, 699 Maintenance by hired labor: Outlet structure, mile 7.9 South Pass ----------------------- 53, 293 Routine channel surveys, miscellaneous observations, and plans and specifications---------------------------------- 6, 528 Total_----------------------------------------------- 241, 520 e. South and Southwest Passes: Contract was awarded for install- ing 36 dredging range targets and 33 mile markers, repairing approxi- mately 100 linear feet of permeable dike at 2 locations, dikes 11.48-L and 13.48-R, and wrapping loose piles at dike 20.09-L. The contract RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 477 is approximately 32 percent complete, with repairs to dike 13.48-R completed and installation of range targets in progress. f. Cost for supervision, inspection and reports, and maintenance of channel patrol from Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico was $55,520. g. Hydraulic surveys, investigations, and studies continued through the fiscal year 1955. Data obtained included complete hydrographio surveys of Southwest and South Passes and the river below Wilder Flats, as required; continuous water-level records at controlling points throughout the passes; discharge measurements in each of the three main passes; and gagings of minor outlets. Periodic surveys were made of Southwest and South Passes, of both bar channels, at the Head of Passes, at Pass a Loutre, Cubits Gap, and the New Orleans Harbor. Average discharge at each of the three main passes of the lower Mississippi. River in percentages of the total discharge of the river at the Head of Passes during the flood cycles are as follows: 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 19541 1955 Southwest Pass.... 34. 28 38. 15 34. 96 36. 07 36. 24 35. 00 35. 00 34. 96 ------- 35. 48 South Pass__ .-.. 17. 36 18. 37 18. 46 17. 43 18. 30 20. 28 20. 65 20. 45 -------- 20. 15 Pass a Loutre..-.... 48. 36 43. 48 46. 58 46. 50 45. 46 44. 72 44. 35 44. 59 ------- 44. 37 Total_ -_-- 100. 00 100.00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 ------ 100. 00 1 No flood cycle during this year. h. The total costs for the fiscal year were $1,220,781 for maintenance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole is 80 (revised) percent complete. a. Baton Rouge to New Orleans, New Orleans Harbor, and New Orleans to Head of Passes: This portion of the project was completed in 1940 and maintenance dredging is required at river crossings above New Orleans and in the New Orleans Harbor. Minor deficiencies in project dimensions at the lower end of Dumaine Street and Governor Nicholls Street wharves in the New Orleans Harbor were not corrected because of the presence of revetment mattresses at these points. Exist- ing depths opposite these locations are adequate for present and anticipated future commerce. The normal width of channel between 35-foot contours within the limits of the port of New Orleans varies from 1,600 to 2,400 feet. Thalweg depths exceed 100 feet. Shoals along edges of the channel, which develop at various points during high river stages, make dredg- ing necessary when river stages fall, to maintain project depths to wharves along the east bank. A natural channel of project dimensions or greater was available throughout the remainder of this portion of the project. b. Southwest Pass. Deepening of the pass and bar channel from 35 to 40 feet, mean low Gulf, as approved by Act of March 2, 1945, is yet to be performed. Maintenance dredging in Southwest Pass by hired labor was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The east and west jetties are to effective grade and section, but 478 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 additional restoration should be commenced in latter part of fiscal year 1957. East and west headland structures, Head of Passes, have been restored to effective grade and section. Work is in progress on installation of dredging range targets at Head of Passes, mile markers in Southwest Pass, and repairing dam- aged permeable pile dikes. All existing permeable pile dikes for channel contraction are in good condition. Additional spur dikes should be constructed on the west bank between miles 9.54 and 13.37 to build up the west bank of the pass and prevent further erosion by river action. For last complete report on the existing works of this pass, see pages 480-481 of the Annual Report for 1954. Channel conditions on June 30, 1955, were as follows: 35-foot channel Length Minimum of central channel Minimum Average depth width width Miles Feet Feet Feet Entrance channel into head of the pass.....------------.. ----...... 1.0 820 1,195 36 Through pass from head to sea end of jetties....------------ 19. 1 170 705 34 Through bar channel at mouth of pass-.---------- ------ 1.3 700 850 36 c. South Pass: A good channel was available throughout the length of the pass during the fiscal year. All outlets in the pass should be reinforced with stone to prevent erosion of banks on the South Pass side. An outlet structure at mile 7.9 below Head of Passes has been constructed on the right bank. The east jetty has been restored to effective grade and section. Work is in progress on restoration of the west jetty and installation of dredging range targets on the bar and mile markers in the pass. For last complete report on the existing works of this pass, see page 481 of the Annual Report for 1954. Controlling channel conditions on June 30, 1955, were 31 feet over the bar channel at the Gulf entrance to the pass. Total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $62,055,617, of which $25,296,902 was for new work and $36,- 758,715 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated ------- ------------ -$7, 181 ............---------.....------------------------........... $27,026, 890 Cost .......... 327 $1, 50----------------------------......... 27, 026, 890 Maintenance: Appropriated- ........ 1,897, 627 2, 044, 300 $1, 938, 109 $1, 214, 400 $1, 379, 600 37, 454, 568 Cost --------------- 1,896, 147 2, 166, 210 1, 806, 707 1, 459, 752 1, 220, 781 37, 226, 053 1 Includes $1,729,989 for new work and $169,055 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Included in maintenance total is $3,379,676 from permanent indefinite appropriation. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be aypropriated for completion of existing project-------- _ $6, 144, 099 RIVERS AND HARBORS---NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 479 7. WATERWAY FROM EMPIRE, LA., TO THE GULF OF MEXICO Location. Waterway from Empire, La., to the Gulf of Mexico via Bayous Long and Fontanelle. (See Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers map, Empire quadrangle.) Emisting project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- tion and maintenance of a waterway, 10 miles long, from the State- owned canal and lock at Empire, La., to the Gulf of Mexico, to provide a channel 9 feet deep and 80 feet wide, and for the initial construction of rubble-stone jetties inshore of the 6-foot depth contour, with land- ward extensions thereof as required to prevent flanking, and for sea- ward extensions to the 9-foot depth contour if and when it becomes apparent that such extensions will be more economical than mainte- nance dredging of the entrance channel. The estimate of cost of new work (revised in 1955) is $2,720,000, including $1,573,000 for extension of jetties to the 9-foot depth contour. The approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $40,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 697, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) The only published map is in this document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for furnishing of title information, which local interests have partially prepared. Operations and results during fiscal year. Acquisition of rights- of-way and engineering and design were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $895 for new work. Hired labor forces also carried on channel patrol and surveys, acquisition of rights-of-way, and prep- aration of plans and specifications for dredging at a cost of $8,752 for maintenance. During the period April 22 to June 3, 1955, the contract dredge Harvey removed 141,009 cubic yards in restoring the bar channel from station 553 +00 to station 534 +00, and the navigation channel from station 125 + 20 to station 20+ 00 at a cost of $45,343. Deferred charges for contract dredging performed during the previous fiscal year amounted to $362. The total costs for the fiscal year were $55,353, of which $895 was for new work and $54,458 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is physically com- plete, unless at a later date it is found necessary to extend the jetties to the 9-foot depth contour. Work on the project was initiated on July 31, 1948, and completed on June 13, 1950, during which period the 9- by 80-foot channel from Empire, La., to the Gulf of Mexico, 10 miles, was excavated by contract. A total of 3,736 linear feet of jetties was constructed by contract to the 6-foot depth contour, 1,818 linear feet on east jetty and 1,918 linear feet on west jetty, during the period June 23, 1949, to February 18, 1950. Project dimensions obtained throughout the waterway (June 1955). The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,182,778, of which $1,067,085 was for new work and $115,693 for maintenance. 363037-55-vol. 2- 31 480 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_ ....... $118, 000 .. $1, 100,000 Cost . ...----------- -. 3, 590 $1, 880 $7, 036 $1,053 $895 1, 067, 085 Maintenance: Appropriated .-- -380 43, 000 -6, 500 27, 300 51, 900 116, 120 Cost------------------------------ 39, 699 -3, 201 24, 318 54, 458 115, 693 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $131 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________________ __ _-- 131 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------------- 1, 620, 000 8. BAYOU LAFOURCHE, LA. Location. Prior to 1902 Bayou Lafourche was an outlet of the Mississippi River, its head being at Donaldsonville, La., 80 miles above New Orleans. It flows in a general southerly direction to the Gulf of Mexico, a distance of 107 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116 and 1274; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map; Donaldsonville, White Castle, Napoleonville, Thibodaux, and Lac des Allemands quadrangles; and United States Geological Survey maps Houma, Cut-Off, Lake Felicity, Mink Bayou, Leeville, and Belle Pass quadrangles.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, and August 11, 1888. For further details, see page 850 of Annual Report for 1915, page 833 of Annual Report for 1925, and page 791 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the permanent closure of the head of the bayou, without a lock; for a channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide from the Intracoastal Waterway at Larose to the Gulf of Mexico via Belle Pass; the closure of Pass Fourchon; and for a jettied entrance at the mouth of Belle Pass. The total length of improvement is about 37.3 miles. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 3 inches at the head and 10 inches at the mouth of the bayou. Tropical hurricanes have been known to cause a variation of 10 feet at the mouth and severe rains and overflow have caused a variation of 3 to 10 feet at the head. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1954) is $271,000. The excavation of a channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Na- poleonville to the Intracoastal Waterway at Lockport is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $839,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $50,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 45, 73d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 481 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are numerous private warehouses and wharves and stiff-leg derricks for handling cane along the bayou. At Lockport the Barker Barge Line has'a large wharf with covered shed, and the Southern Pacific Railroad maintains a large wharf with covered shed. At Golden Meadow each of the seafood canneries has docking facilities suitable for its needs. Four oil companies have docks at Leeville for transferring the production of the Leeville oil- fields to barges. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor carried on engineering surveys, mapping, stream gaging, and channel patrol at a cost of $5,071 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 24 percent complete. The dredging between Larose, La., and the Gulf of Mexico was com- pleted in 1939. The jetties at the mouth of Belle Pass were com- pleted in 1939, but were subsequently damaged by storm action, which required the placement of additional stone adjacent to both sides of the steel sheet pile jetties in 1940, and the repair and extension of the jetties in 1941. During the fiscal year 1948 the stone jetties were repaired and extended inland about 700 feet from the shoreline; and the steel sheet pile section was strengthened, for about 250 feet Gulfward of stone jetties, by the placement of stone on both the Gulf and bayou sides. On May 31, 1949, an automatic tide gage for recording hurricane and storm tides was installed. Since 1948, the following repairs have been made to the jetties at Belle Pass: Stone Fiscal Fiscal placed, Location Repairs, linear feet year tons 1952 3, 326. 65 East jetty, (stations -1+00 to -4+15)._-.............-..... ... 315. 1953 2, 993. 85 West jetty (stations 0+00 to -2+98)---- ----------------- 298. 4, 103. 05 East jetty (stations -2+00 to -5+68)-_ -.---------- __--- 368 (partial). West jetty (stations -3+00 to -4+10) 110 (partial). -..... -........-........ Groin (stations 0+00 to -1+20) _ .-...... __ .................. 120 (partial). 1954 6,697. 36 East jetty (stations 0+60 to 5+68) -______ __---____ 608. 55___-1 West jetty (stations 2+70 to 5+68)_ -___---__ -__- -_____ 298. 1 120. 1 Groin (stations 0+00 to -1+20)-------------------------............................. 1 Includes partial repairs effected in fiscal year 1953. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (May 1954) were: Over bar, 7 feet; through Belle Pass, 7 feet; to Havoline Canal, 6 feet; to Leeville, 7 feet; to Golden Meadow, 8 feet; to Larose, 7 feet; and to Lockport (mile 56), 7 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $838,934, of which $271,089 was for new work and $567,845 for maintenance. 482 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated...-------------- ----------------------------------- $524, 024 Cost---------------------------------------------------------------- 524, 024 Maintenance: Appropriated-..-...... $52, 480 $3, 000 $221, 105 -$15, 000 $5, 000 583, 598 Cost.................. 5,882 55, 602 104, 577 102, 153 5, 071 583, 290 IIncludes $252,935 for new work and $15,445 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_- - - - -$839, 000 9. BAYOU TECHE, LA. Location. Bayou Teche has its source in Bayou Courtableau, in St. Landry Parish, and flows in a southeasterly direction, a distance of 125 miles, to where it joins the lower Atchafalaya River, about 101/2 miles above Morgan City, La. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1116, and Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Mis- sissippi River Commission alluvial valley map, and Palmetto, Opelousas, Carencro, Arnaudville, St. Martinville, Loreauville, Derouen, Jeanerette, Foster, and Belle Isle quadrangles.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of July 11, 1870, and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1851, Annual Report for 1915, and page 798, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide on the bottom from the mouth of the stream to mile 50-06, and thence 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide on the bottom from Keystone lock to Arnaudville, La., 34 miles, to be secured by dredging, remov- ing snags and overhanging trees, and construction of a lock and dam and regulating works. The plane of reference is mean low Gulf level. Keystone lock Miles from New Iberia_ ------------------------------- 18. Miles from Intracoastal Waterway----------------------82.5. Width of chamber ----------------------------------- 36 feet. Length available for full width__________________________ 160 feet. Lift ---------------------------------------- 8 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level------------------ Do. Character of foundation ------------------------------ Timber piles. Kind of dam--------------------------------------- Timber, rockfill. Type of construction__---------------------------------Concrete. Year completed_--_ 1913. Cost_ --------------------------------------------- $257,720. The raising of the pool level by 1.5 feet above Keystone Dam by the installation of movable crest gates on the dam is provided for in the flood control project for Bayou Teche and Vermilion River, La. Under the project "Flood control, Mississippi River and tribu- taries," East and West Calumet floodgates, with a width of 60 feet and sill elevation of - 9.02 feet, mean low Gulf level, were constructed in Bayou Teche at the east and west approaches to Wax Lake Outlet during the period February 21, 1949, and September 22, 1950, and RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 483 a lock was constructed in the lower Atchafalaya River in the vicinity of Berwick, La., during the period November 16, 1948, and September 7, 1951. Berwick lock Miles north of Berwick, La-------------------------1.7. Miles below mouth of Bayou Teche .0. 9------------------- Width of chamber -------------------------------- 45 feet. Length available for full width-----------------------300 feet. Lift ------------------------- ------------------ 0-14.5 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level-------------9.0. Character of foundation----------------------------Timber piles. Kind of dam ------------------------------------- None. Type of construction_ ----------------- Reinforced concrete. Open to navigation---------------------------------- November 1950. Completed _ ---------------------------------- September 1951. Cost ------------------------------------------- _ $2,100,000. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 10 inches at the mouth, 4 inches just below the lock, and zero above the lock, the extreme range of tide being about 12 inches, 6 inches, and zero, respectively. The variation of the water surface above Keystone lock due to freshets is from 2 to 7 feet, while just below the lock it has been as high as 12 or 15 feet and near the mouth about 4 or 5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1954) is $708,600, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. Widening and deepening of the channel between mile 50.06 and Keystone lock and dam (mile 72) is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $371,400. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance from mouth to Arnaudville is $12,000, plus $21,000 for operating and care of the lock and dam. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19,1890 Improvement of the stream from its mouth to St. Annual Report, 1889, p. 1532. Martinville by removing obstructions and dredging. Mar. 2,1907 Construction of lock and dam and the extension of the H. Doc. 527, 59th Cong., 1st sess. improvement to Arnaudville, La. Mar. 2,1919 Increase of channel dimensions from mouth to Key- H. Doc. 1329, 62d Cong., 3d sess. stone lock. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of lock and dam provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. For latest published map, see H. Doc. 288, 66th Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Small, privately owned wharves are available at all the towns along the bayou; public landing is permitted without charge. There are privately owned terminals for transferring crude oil to barges near the towns of Charenton, Jeanerette, Olivier, and St. Martinville. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor made a con- dition survey for maintenance dredging and accomplished nonco- operative stream gaging with costs of $3,172. 484 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Keystone lock was operated throughout the fiscal year, and the lock, dam, structure, and grounds were maintained as necessary with costs of $11,621. During the period May 16 to June 5, 1955, hired labor forces repaired the timber crib and guide wall at Keystone lock at a cost of $8,807. The total costs for the fiscal year were $23,601, of which $11,980 was for maintenance and $11,621 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 67 percent complete. Keystone lock and dam was completed in 1913. The dredging and snagging done in 1916 completed that part of the existing project for the 6- by 50-foot channel from the Arnaudville to Keystone lock. The contract dredging done in 1918-20 completed that part of the previous project for a 6- by 50-foot channel from Keystone lock to mile 39.7 above the mouth. The 8- by 80-foot channel from New Iberia to the mouth is 98 percent complete. From the mouth to mile 5.8 a channel 8 by 80 feet, or greater, already existed, and a new channel has been excavated, 8 by 80 feet from this point to mile 50.06, about 3.65 miles below New Iberia, and 8 by 60 feet from this point to New Iberia. Keystone lock is in good condition. Plans and specifications for a new concrete cap on the existing dam at Keystone lock to raise the existing structure have been completed. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (October 1954), were: From mile 0 to mile 6, 6 feet; to Charenton drainage canal (mile 29.5), 7 feet; to west side "Y" Charenton drainage canal, 4.5 feet; to New Iberia (mile 54.5), 7 feet; to Keystone lock (mile 72), 5 feet; con- trolling depths, mean low water, were: Keystone lock to Ruth Bridge (mile 87.0), 8 feet; Ruth Bridge to Ruth Canal (mile 87.5), 5 feet; and Ruth Canal to Arnaudville Bridge (mile 106.5), 4 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $1,434,555, of which $708,625 was for new work, $358,473 for maintenance, and $367,457 for operating and care. In addition, the sum of $91,389 was expended between July 1, 1913, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated----.- - --------------------------------- ------ ------------------ $754, 330 Cost-------------------------------------------------------------- ------------ 754,330 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $35, 880 $19, 000 $18, 953 $22, 000 $21, 000 824, 051 Cost -------------- 24, 992 25, 078 21, 319 21, 722 23, 601 817, 319 1 Includes $45,704 for new work for previous project; operating and care work includes $91,389 permanent indefinite appropriation. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project --- -$371, 374 RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 485 10. MERMENTAU RIVER, BAYOU NEZPIQUE, AND BAYOU DES CANNES, LA. Location. Mermentau River is formed by the junction of Bayous des Cannes and Nezpique, 2.25 miles above Mermentau, La., flows in a southwesterly direction, and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. Bayou Nezpique rises in Evangeline Parish, flows in a southerly direction, and empties into the Mermentau River. Bayou des Cannes rises in Evangeline Parish, flows in a south- southwesterly direction, and empties into the Mermentau River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116 and 1278, and U. S. Geological Survey maps, Evangeline, Hathaway, Mermentau, Jennings, Lake Arthur, Gueydan, Thornwell, Latania Lake, Catfish Lake, Grand Cheniere, and Bayou Lebauve quadrangles.) Existing project. The project provides for the removal of obstruc- tions to navigation to secure the natural channel throughout the entire Mermentau River, a distance of 71.5 miles, and through Bayou Nez- pique from its mouth to 25 miles above, and Bayou des Cannes from its mouth to Evangeline Bridge (mile 8.5) ; for improving the channel in Lower Mud Lake by constructing a brush dam to concentrate the action of the current and by dredging; and for removing a portion of the wrecked dam 7 miles above the mouth; and for dredging a channel 9 feet deep over a bottom width of 100 feet from the Intracoastal Waterway to the junction of Bayous Nezpique and des Cannes. That part of the project below Grand Lake, mile 25, has been superseded by the flood control project "Mermentau River, La." Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide on the Mermentau River near the mouth is 10 inches and near the head about 3 inches, the extreme range being 14 inches and about 5 inches, respectively. The variation of the water surface near the mouth may be as much as 7 or 8 feet, due to hurricanes on the Gulf, and near the head from 8 to 12 feet, due to freshets. On Bayou Nezpique, under ordinary conditions, the range of tide is about 3 inches at the mouth and nothing at the head. On Bayou des Cannes, under ordinary condi- tions, the range of tide is about 3 inches at the mouth and nothing at the head. The cost of new work for the project, completed in fiscal year 1935, was $57,555, including $29,974 from public works funds. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13,1892 General project --------------.- - -------- --- ... _..._ Annual Report, 1891, p. 1862. July 27, 1916 Removal of portion of wrecked dam near mouth of H. Doc. 1232, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Mermentau River. Mar. 2, 1919 Improvement of Bayou des Cannes--------------- H. Doc. 1398, 65th Cong., 3d sess. Aug. 30,19351 Channel in Mermentau River 9 feet deep plus 1 foot Rivers and Harbors Committee overdepth from Intracoastal Waterway to the Doc. 36, 72d Cong., 1st sess. source at confluence of Bayous Nezpique and des (Contains latest published map.) Cannes. 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program Mar. 28, 1934. 486 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are several small, privately owned wharves at Grand Cheniere and a public terminal at the town of Lake Arthur. Privately owned terminals for transferring crude oil to barges are at the following locations: One on Lake Arthur near the town of Lake Arthur; 1 on the Mermentau River near the town of Mermentau; 2 on Bayou Nezpique near Jennings; and 4 on Bayou des Cannes, 1 near Evangeline, 1 at Mermentau, and 2 near Jennings. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor made sur- veys of the channel at a cost of $199. Channel improvement of Mermentau River to remove a point just below the Southern Pacific Railroad bridge commenced during the previous fiscal year was completed on December 18, 1954, with ap- proximately 5,524 cubic yards removed this fiscal year. The costs were $3,398. The total costs for the fiscal year were $3,597 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, except for the 9- by 100-foot channel, was completed in 1917. The 9- by 100-foot channel was completed in 1935. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (June 1954) Mer- mentau River: Over bar, 4 feet; to mile 0, 10 feet; through cut in lower Mud Lake to Upper Mud Lake, 7 feet; through Upper Mud Lake, 6 feet; to Catfish Point control structure, 10 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Grand Lake, 2.5 feet; (April 1953) dimensions exceeding those of the project obtained throughout the rest of the waterway to the head of navigation at mile 71.5. Bayou Nezipique: Mile 0 to mile 9.5, 17 feet; Bayou des Cannes: Mile 0 to mile 5, 12.5 feet. The total costs (regular funds) under the project to the end of the fiscal year were $115,965 of which $27,580 was for new work and $88,375 for maintenance. In addition, $29,974 was expended from Public Works funds for new work. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--------- -------. .......... -------------------- --------- ------------ $57, 555 _---- .---- Cost----_- ---------..------------------------ --------- ----------- -- 57,555 Maintenance: Appropriated ...----- ------------------------ $35, 886 -$20, 000 ...----..-..- 91, 663 Cost--------------------------------------- 874 8, 127 $3,597 88,375 1 Includes $29,974 from Public Works funds, new work. 11. CALCASIEU RIVER AND PASS, LA. Location. Calcasieu River has its source in southwestern Louisiana, and flows in a general southerly direction to the Gulf of Mexico. About 25 miles from the Gulf it debouches into Calcasieu Lake, which lake is about 18 miles long. The connection between the lake and the Gulf, about 7 miles long, is known as Calcasieu Pass. (See RIVERS AND HARBORS---NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 487 U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 591 and 592; U. S. Geological Survey maps, Edna, Thompson Bluff, Hecker, Moss Bluff, Lake Charles, West Lake, Moss Lake, Hackberry, Sweet Lake, Brown's Lake, Holly Beach, Grand Bayou, and Cameron quadrangles; and Corps of Engineers navigation maps of Intracoastal Waterway and Atchafalaya River system.) Previous projects. The original project for this improvement was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872. Appro- priations were made by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, August 2, 1882, July 5, 1884, and August 11, 1888. The project was modified by the River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890, July 13, 1892, and September 22, 1922. For further details, see Annual Report for 1936, page 719, and Annual Report for 1938, page 819. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 250 feet wide (49.5 miles long) from the wharves of the Lake Charles Harbor and Terminal District by way of Calcasieu River, including Clooney Island Loop, to the head of Choupique cutoff; thence by a land-and-water cut along the west shore of Calcasieu Lake; thence to and through Calcasieu Pass by a designated route to the Gulf of Mexico, subject to such change in alignment as is approved by the Chief of Engineers; the reconstruction and extension of the existing jetties initially to the seaward end of the east jetty, and further ex- tension to the 15-foot depth contour if found advisable to reduce main- tenance dredging costs; dredging a channel 35 to 37 feet deep and 250 feet wide between jetties, and an approach channel 37 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the sea end of the jetties to a depth of 37 feet in the Gulf of Mexico; also for the improvement of the river from Lake Charles to Phillips Bluff (52.6 miles) by removing logs, snags, over- hanging trees, and by dredging. Total length of improvement is 102.1 miles. Under ordinary conditions, the mean range of tide is 10 inches at the mouth, diminishing to zero at Phillips Bluff, the extreme range being 14 inches and zero, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work, including $5,199,700 for the extension of the jetties to the 15-foot depth contour (revised in 1955), is $14,108,200. The latest (1952) approved estimate for cost of maintenance is $278,000 annually. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Modification of original project of 1872, dated May 12, H. Ex. Doc. 46, 46th Cong., 3d 1881, provided for general improvement of the river sess.; and Annual Report 1881, from Phillips Bluff to the mouth by removing logs. p. 1301. snags, and overhanging trees, and by dredging. Aug. 26,1937 Channel 30 feet deep and 250 feet wide from the Lake H. Doc. 299, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Charles docks to the Gulf of Mexico. Mar. 2,1945 Channel 30 feet deep and 250 feet wide around Clooney H. Doc. 465, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Island. July 24,1946 Channel depth of 35 feet from the wharves of the Lake S. Doc. 190, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Charles Harbor and Terminal District, including (contains latest published map). Clooney Island Loop, to the jetty channel, a uni- formly increasing depth of 35 to 37 feet in the jetty channel, and a depth of 37 feet in the approach channel in the Gulf of Mexico. 488 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Under date of January 5, 1922, a permit was granted by the As- sistant Secretary of War to the police jury of Calcasieu Parish to enlarge this river where necessary between Lake Charles and the eastern end of the Calcasieu-Sabine section of the Intracoastal Water- way to a depth of 30 feet over a bottom width of 125 feet. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities at the Port of Lake Charles are owned by the Lake Charles Harbor and Terminal Dis- trict and operated by a board of commissioners. In addition to the municipally owned terminals, there are several privately owned and operated wharf structures located on the existing ship channel. (For further details, see Port Series No. 21, "The Port of Lake Charles, La.," revised 1947 and in Folio of Navigation Maps, Intra- coastal Waterway, New Orleans to Port Arthur, 1954, published by Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces car- ried on the following activities: Acquisition of rights-of-way for spoil- disposal areas; surveys and mapping, and preparation of plans and specifications for dredging the channel from miles 25 to 28, at a cost of $7,658 for new work. Work on the lump-sum contract for the construction of ferry ap- proaches, State Highway No. 104 ferry over Calcasieu Pass, com- menced during the previous fiscal year, was completed on October 15, 1954, with costs of $23,003. Approximately 2,878,400 cubic yards were removed by the contract dredge Geo. W. Catt in channel rectification of Calcasieu River be- tween miles 25 and 28, during the period December 20, 1954, to April 15, 1955, at a cost of $374,050. Hired labor carried on stream gaging, salinity investigations, flow studies, economic justification reporting, dredging surveys of the bar channel, and channel patrol, with costs of $21,796 for maintenance. The U. S. dredge Langfitt removed 553,020 cubic yards during the period June 12 to 30, 1955, in dredging shoals from the approach channel and bar of Calcasieu River and Pass, at a cost of $81,022 for maintenance. Delayed charges on contracts for maintenance dredging completed during the previous fiscal year amounted to $6,359. The total costs for the fiscal year were $513,888, of which $404,711 was for new work and $109,177 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as modified is 87 (re- vised) percent complete, exclusive of extending the jetties seaward to the 15-foot depth contour, ifand when found necessary. Dredging under the existing project, prior to the modifications adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945, and July 24, 1946, was completed in 1941, and the 30- by 250-foot ship chan- nel was formally opened to deep-draft traffic on July 12, 1941. Work on the modified project of deepening the 250-foot channel to 35 feet from Lake Charles to the 37-foot depth contour in the Gulf RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 489 of Mexico was initiated on September 7, 1948, and completed on April 25, 1953. This work was accomplished as follows: 35- by 250-foot channel from Lake Charles Har- bor downstreath: To Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, mile 12.8, Commenced Completed dredge Texas_____________ __ Sept. 7,1948 Feb. 2, 1949 From Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, mile 12.8 to mile 24.1, dredge Duplex ______ Sept. 5, 1949 Apr. 6, 1950 From mile 24.1 to mile 30.4, and dredging in the 6- by 20-foot connecting channel, dredge Texas and two draglines ______ Feb. 10, 1949 May 11, 1949 From mile 30.4 to mile 32, dredge Mobile. July 26, 1950 Aug. 6, 1950 A survey showed that project depths ob- tained between miles 32 below Lake Charles and the approach channel, a dis- tance of approximately 5 miles. Deep- ening existing approach channel to -37 feet, mean low Gulf, from inside jetties to the 37-foot depth contour in the Gulf of Mexico, a distance of about 11 miles, U. S. dredge Langfitt_________ Oct. 15, 1950 Apr. 25, 1953 A turning basin or ship anchorage for vessels using the water- way was constructed during the period April 26 and June 1, 1952, between St. Johns Island and vicinity of Cameron, La., a distance of approximately 1.1 miles. The Calcasieu Pass jetties, initiated under the previous project and completed in May 1942, extend to the 10-foot depth contour and are in good condition. The east jetty, approximately 8,620 feet long, has been built to approximately 6 feet above mean low Gulf, and extends seaward from the existing Gulf shoreline a distance of 6,820 feet. The west jetty, 8,050 feet long, has been built to ap- proximately 4 feet above mean low Gulf and extends seaward from the existing Gulf shoreline a distance of 6,795 feet. The jetty structure is considered complete unless at a later date it is found necessary to extend the jetties seaward to the 15-foot depth contour, as provided for in the project. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of ex- tending the jetties seaward to the 15-foot depth contour, if and when found necessary. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (June 1955) through bar channel, 31 feet; (September 1954) end of jetties to mile 5, 36 feet; to Cut-Off channel (mile 25), 34 feet; (April 1955) through Cut-Off channel (mile 29), 35 feet; (April 1954) to Lake Charles docks (mile 34), 34 feet; (January 1954) to mile 51, 17 feet; to mile 52, 5 feet; to mile 54, 13 feet; to mile 58, 10 feet; to mile 64, 7 feet; to mile 66.0 (Hecker), 10 feet; to mile 71.4, 2 feet (nonnavigable above this point due to snags and trees). The total costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $9,794,499, of which $7,776,744 was for new work and $2,017,756 was for maintenance. 490 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955" prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated .------.. $600,000 $1,025,000 ---------------------------------- $8,339, 609 Cost----------------- 466, 933 216, 452 $561, 620 $54, 740 $404, 711 8, 272, 657 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- 2,360 .400, 000 356, 000 109, 500 2, 213, 256 ----- 7,955 -----------.-----. Cost----............--------...... 755, 675 109, 177 2, 212, 607 1 Includes $495,914 for new work and $194,851 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $66, 951 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-----------_ ------------------- ---------- 66, 951 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------- 6, 265, 005 12. REMOVING THE WATER HYACINTH (LOUISIANA) Location. Lakes and streams tributary to the Gulf coast. Existing project. This project provides for the removal of plants from the navigable waters of the States of Florida, Alabama, Mis- sissippi, Louisiana, and Texas, so far as they are or may become an obstruction to navigation, by any mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever; for the construction and operation of boats equipped with suitable machinery for such removal; and for the construction and operation of booms to prevent the drifting of plants from one stream to another. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $500,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 Made appropriations for the States of Florida and H. Doc. 91, 55th Cong., 3d sess. Louisiana and provided for the extermination or removal of plants, the building of boats, and the establishment of booms. June 13, 1902 Authorized the use of mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever. Mar. 3,1905 Made the appropriation available for the State of Texas. Mar. 3, 1905 fJIn making appropriations for Florida, provided that Mar. 2, 1907 no chemical process injurious to cattle shall be used. July 25,1912 Made the appropriation available for the State of Mississippi and also made available for use in that State the operating plant pertaining to the work in Louisiana. July 27,1916 Made the appropriation available for the State of Alabama. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities of the various streams from which hyacinths were removed are described in the report for the improvement of these streams. Operations and results during fiscal year. A well-balanced com- bination of mechanical and chemical methods of destruction was RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 491 undertaken to take the maximum advantage of funds available. Eco- nomics in effect resulted incurtailed operations and limited the work: to only those main waterways over which the major portion of navi- gation moves. Preventive maintenance work in secondary streams and feeder areas was sharply curtailed with a resultant increase in vegetation in these areas. Some momentary inconvenience was caused at times when this vegetation disgorged into the main streams after a heavy squall. Feeder areas previously freed of the hyacinth and placed on a patrol maintenance basis have now become heavily in- fested with alligator weed which has not proved susceptible to chem- ical treatment. A total of 32,827,784 square yards of vegetation was destroyed by chemicals and 7,583,500 square yards by machinery in Bayou Black, Lake Cataouatche and feeder streams, streams of the Lake des Al- lemands Basin, the Lake Dauterive area, the Intracoastal Waterway, Bayou Lafourche, streams of the Lake Maurepas Basin, the Bayou Penchant-Bayou Copassaw area, the Plaquemine Waterway, and in Bayous Teche, Misere, and Lacassine. Operations were conducted on a curtailed schedule with the work being confined to the main navigational channels on a recurring basis. Some handicap to navigation resulted. No permanent results can be expected on this basis as work must be accomplished in feeder areas and secondary streams if complete reinfestation of the main channels is to be avoided. Operations were conducted only in areas where severe hardship would have resulted if the work had not been under- taken. The total costs for the fiscal year were $190,722 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. From 1900 to 1902 a boat with suitable machinery for destroying the hyacinth by crushing was oper- ated. From that time until 1937 hyacinths were destroyed through the use of a solution of arsenic and caustic soda which was sprayed on the vegetation, removal by hand crews and controlled in their movements by means of booms and barricades. The use of arsenic has been discontinued and hand removal has been supplanted by use of mechanical equipment in conjunction with the chemical spray (2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). Present methods of control are by means of mechanical rotary saw type destroyers, chemical treatment, and the use of booms and barricades. Excellent results are being obtained on water hyacinths by these methods. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,172,799 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- ........ $254, 560 $201, 700 $218, 395 $220,000 $216, 000 $4, 198, 147 Cost----------------- 269, 880 203, 629 197, 040 222, 248 190,. 722 4, 172, 799 492 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 13. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 f_1_t_ Estimated Estimated full report Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Overton-Red River Waterway, La .-----------......... 1952 k* 189, 763- - $88, 310, 237 2. Sulphur River, Ark., and Tex.2. ......... _ 1919 45, 989 .------------- (1) 3. Bayou Dorcheat, 2 Loggy Bayou and Lake Bisteneau, La.2 4 __________________________ 1887 5. 000 (1) 4. Cane River, La. 4 ___________________________ 5 1910 2, 500 2, 000 (1) 5. Bayou Bonfouca, La. _----------------- - 1953 8 30, 997 22, 953 (1) 6. Bayou Lacombe, La.5----- ---- ------ - 1950 4, 716 1, 394 (1) 7. Chefuncte River and Bogue Falia, La.' -__ . 1953 7 24, 563 49, 473 (1) 8. Tangipahoa River, La.8 -- 1950 11, 500 15, 203 (1) 9. Pass Manchac, La.8.. 1953 1, 374 10, 039 (1) 10. Tickfaw, Natalbany, Ponchatoula, altd Blood Rivers, La.8 . ..--------------------------- 1950 8, 115 32, 416 (1) 11. Amite River and Bayou Manchac, La.8 ...... 1950 7 28, 234 7 63, 534 (1) 12. Bayou Grosse Tete, La. .------------------- 1950 29, 392 67, 781 (1) 12a. Bayou Grosse Tete, La.2................... 2 1950 ---------------------------- 205, 608 13. Big Pigeon and Little Pigeon Bayous, La. __ 1936 --------..------.... 37. 669 (1) 14. Intracoastal Waterway from 5 the Mississippi River to Bayou 8Teche, La. ------------- 1954 ___---- 9, 873 15. Bayou Dupre, La. ..... ...................-- 1950 38, 915 26, 890 (1) 16. Grand Bayou Pass, La ..................--- 1950 7, 676 14, 480 (1) 17. Barataria Bay, La._ ---------------------- _ 1950 73, 037 47, 551 (1) 18. Bayou Segnette, La...----------.................... (9) ...........----------- 520, 000 19. Bayou Terrebonne, La. ...----------.-.-. 20. Little Caillou Bayou, La.8__.......__ ..__----_ 1950 1952 7120. 089 77, 761 231, 694 240, 448 (1) (1) 21. Waterway from Intracoastal Waterway to Bayou Dulac, La. (Bayous Grand Caillou and LeCarpe, La.) ---------------------- 1950 51, 280 1, 543 (1) 22. Atchafalaya River, Morgan City to the Gulf of Mexico, La. ...------------------------- 1953 501, 963 285, 390 (1) 23.. Petit Anse, Tigre, and Carlin Bayous, La.8__ 1953 298, 314 157, 916 (1) 24. Bayou Vermilion, La.8 --------------------- 1947 7 34, 900 200,169 (1) 25. Waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La ._---- ------------------------------- 1948 10, 904 10, 742 (10) 26. Bayou Plaquemine Brule, La_ . ....-------- - 1950 32, 760 36, 780 (1) 27. Bayou Queue de Tortue, La.... ........... 1950 33, 355 4, 776 (1) 28. Lake Charles Deep Water Channel, La ...... 1950 241, 896 (l') 29. Vinton Waterway, La.......--------------------- 1950 1256, 000 30. Removing snags and other floating and sunken obstructions in the Atchafalaya and Old Rivers from the junction with the Mississippi and Red Rivers down the Atchafalaya as far as Melville, La., and from the Mississippi River within the limits of the New Orleans district_ (13)- 31. Channel improvement under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act ap- proved Mar. 2, 1945_ __----- 1952 ....------------ 68, 508 1Completed. 2 Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision: Bayou Grosse Tete, 1954, Grand Bayou Pass, 1938. a No commerce reported. 4 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 1692, 64th Cong., 2d sess. and H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. s Funds requested but not provided; project needs work to satisfy immediate needs of commerce. ' In addition, $5,500 was expended from contributed funds. 7 Includes previous project costs. 8 Channel adequate for commerce. 9 Authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved Sept. 3, 1954. 10This project has n ot been:completed as it has been incorporated in the flood control, general, project "Mermeptau River, La." 11This is a maintenance project and no future work is scheduled. 12Local interests have not provided rights-of-way and dumping privileges. 13No work has been-performed in the New Orleans district under this title. 14. RED RIVER BELOW DENISON DAM, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT Location. The work covered by this project is located on the Red River and its tributaries below Denison Dam, in Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana. (See U. S. Geological Survey State Maps.) E'isting project. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, approved the general plan for flood control on Red River below Deni- FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 493 son Dam, Tex. and Okla., which provides for the construction of six flood-control reservoirs in combination with existing or authorized Federal and non-Federal levee improvements, modified as required, and channel stabilization at locations where levee setbacks are im- possible or uneconomical. This act further authorized the incor- poration of the several separate existing projects for flood control along the Red River below Denison, above the jurisdiction of the Mis- sissippi River Commission, into this project. The total estimated cost to the United States (revised in 1955) is $84,867,809, of which $70,413,336 is for construction in addition to that required for the incorporated projects (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). Following are lists of the reservoirs and local protection works considered in the general flood-control plan for the Red River below Denison Dam, and the existing flood-control projects incorporated into the project, in the New Orleans district: New projects Drainage Storage, Flood Project Stream area (square conserva- tion control control Estimated cost miles) (acre-feet) (acre-feet) S u lp h u r R iv e r 3, 400 1 4 5 , 3 00 2 , 50 9 , 0 0 0 $34 ,000, 000 Texarkana Reservoir, Tex.1 _____ _ Ferrells Bridge Reservoir, Tex.L___ Cypress Creek_- 850 32, 100 558, 300 215, 440, 000 Mooringsport 3 Reservoir, La. and ..... do___ 2, 740 150, 000 660, 000 11, 200, 000 Tex. Bayou Pierre 4 in vicinity of Shreve----------------- . 5 243, 336 port, La. Red River levees and bank stabili---------------------- 9, 530, 000 zation below Denison Dam, Tex., Ark., and La.1 Total-------- -------------------- ------------ ------------ 70, 413, 336 1 Details presented in individual report. 2 In addition $2,610,000 will be expended from contributed funds. 8For last full report, see Annual Report for 1952. 4 For last full report, see Annual Report for 1951. 5 Actual cost. Incorporated projects For last Flood Estimated full report, Project Type of work Control sst Annual see Act cost Report for- Hempstead County Levee District Levee enlargement- .----. - _ 1938 1$88, 006 1941 No. 1, Ark. Red River Parish, La--------.........--- -----...do-------------------- 1936 1 149, 435 1939 Natchitoches Parish, La__ ----------- Levee and appurtenances__ 1936 1, 580,000 (2) Grant Parish, below Colfax, La ..... Levees-------------------- 1938 1 38, 809 1941 Aloha-Rigolette area, Grant and Levee and appurtenances _- 1941 1, 652, 800 (2) Rapides Parishes, La. Pineville, Red River, La_-------------_ __..do---------------------- 1941 1 232, 426 1953 Celfax, Grant Parish, La......-----------... Cutoff_ -------------------- 1938 13 70, 348 1938 Saline Point, La--...-----------------do .....-------------------- 1936 1 124,111 1945 Red River in vicinity of Shreveport, Bank protection--_. -....... 1944 1 3, 908, 000 1953 La. Black Bayou Reservoir, La.-......... Flood control reservoir ...-- 1936 714, 000 1945 Bayou Bodcau Reservoir, La.....----------..do __ -------------------- 1938 4,076,000 (2) Bayou Bodcau, Red Chute, and Channel improvement -. 1941 1306, 509 1948 Loggy Bayou, La. Wallace Lake Reservoir, La-.......... Flood control reservoir .----- 1936 1, 214, 500 (2) Bayou Pierre, La......---------------- Channel enlargement--...--. 1936 1 299, 529 (2) 1 Actual cost. 2 Included in this report. 3 Completed under provisions of section 7 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, as amended by sec. 9 of the Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936, and included in 1939 Annual Report of the president, Mississippi River Commission, p. 2214. 4 Work not started. 494 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. See individual reports. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces con- tinued studies to determine the economic justification of Millwood Reservoir, Ark., on a current basis, involving routing of historic floods and determination of benefits below Fulton, Ark., in the New Orleans district, Corps of Engineers. These studies were made for the Tulsa, Okla., district, Corps of Engineers, at a cost of $3,263, of which $961 represented costs of the New Orleans district, Corps of Engineers, and $2,302 represented costs of the Office of the Division Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $6,234. For projects in the New Orleans district, Corps of Engineers, see individual reports. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: ----------------------------............---............ Appropriated......... ......------------$3, 000 $3, 500 $6, 500 ............ Cost----------------------------- ---------------............--............ 2,971 3,263 6,234 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------_ $266 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----------------------------- ------------------ 266 15. TEXARKANA RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The work covered by this project is on the Sulphur River in Cass and Bowie Counties, Tex. The dam site is 45 miles above the mouth of Sulphur River, and approximately 8 miles south- west of Texarkana, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of an earthfill dam 18,500 feet long and 100 feet high, in- cluding a spillway 200 feet wide and outlet works with a capacity of 27,600 cubic feet per second. The reservoir will control the runoff from 3,400 square miles of drainage area, and will have a storage capacity of 2,654,300 acre-feet, of which 145,300 acre-feet are for con- servation and the remainder for flood control. The estimate of cost (revised in 1955) is $34,000,000, of which $30,432,000 is for construc- tion and $3,568,000 is for lands and damages. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications; malaria, hydraulic, and engineering studies; establish- ment of sediment ranges; printing of regulations and maintenance manuals, inspection of earthwork, channel improvement, and opera- tion and maintenance during construction were carried on by hired labor with costs of $253,985. Costs for land acquisition amounted to $307,380. FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 495 Engineering and design were accomplished by the office of the Di- vision Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division, with costs of $15,667, and flood damage surveys, dam liaison, and maintenance of the Mississippi Basin model were carried on by the Waterways Ex- periment Station at a cost of $13,997. Maintenance and repair, malaria control, fire protection, mainte- nance of access roads, and condition and operation surveys were car- ried on by hired labor at a cost of $57,853 for maintenance. Clearing of approximately 16,078 acres in the reservoir area, in- itiated under a continuing contract in fiscal year 1953, was continued. During the period February to May 1955, clearing was conducted on a limited scale due to rains, wet conditions of the ground, and inun- dated areas. The contract is 84 percent complete. Work continued on the relocation of the St. Louis Southwestern Railway, under reimbursable agreements, which provide for construc- tion of timber trestles, ballast, and track work, and relocation of Western Union telegraph and signal lines and of American Telephone- and Telegraph Company lines by the owners, and for construction of the embankment sections and steel bridges to be accomplished by the Government. The following work, commenced in the previous fiscal year under continuing contracts, progressed as follows: The relocation of the American Telephone and Telegraph Co. lines was accomplished as necessary for construction and is approximately 44 percent complete. The railway company constructed 1,511 linear feet of track and continued stockpiling track and trestle material and the Western Union Telegraph Co. continued relocation of their fa- cilities under this agreement. The contract is 60 percent complete. The embankment sections are approximately 62 percent complete and the construction of the steel bridges is 71 percent complete. A cost-reimbursable contract was entered into for the relocation of approximately 13.16 miles of U. S. Highway No. 67. Planning under- this contract commenced in October 1954, and is substantially com- plete. To date, 2 contracts have been awarded by the Texas State Highway Commission, 1 for relocation of 2.703 miles, item 3, on which construction commenced on March 3, 1955, and is 10 percent complete,. and another for relocation of 1.14 miles, item 4, of this highway, which was awarded at the end of the fiscal year and on which vork has not commenced. Plans and specifications for construction of items 1, 2, and 5 have been completed and item 1 was advertised on June 17. The contract for this relocation is approximately 4 percent complete. Alteration of Bowie County roads, made necessary by relocation of U. S. Highway No. 67, was initiated on June 3, 1955, under a continu- ing contract for construction of approximately 2 miles of gravel sur- faced roadway, a creosoted timber bridge, and installation of culvert. The contract is 8 percent complete with the embankment constructed over a distance of 0.5 mile and work on the bridge 6 percent complete. During the period January 8 to 29, 1955, approximately 948 tons of riprap protection were placed, by contract, on the north and south: slopes of the Texarkana Dam outlet channel over a distance of 120 linear feet. Construction of superintendent's dwelling, overlook building, and: 363037-55-vol. 2- 32 496 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 office and shop building was accomplished by contract during the period February 24 to June 28, 1955. The status of other relocations under reimbursable contracts, com- menced in previous fiscal year, is as follows: Alteration of Texas State Highway No. 8, initiated on September 9, 1953, is 91 percent complete. Relocation and alteration of powerlines in Bowie, Cass, Morris, Red River, and Titus Counties, Texas, initiated on September 9, 1953, 89 percent complete. Cost charges on these contracts were: Clearing ---- ------------------------------------- $712, 441 Relocations ------------------------------------------ 4,!047, 644 Extension of riprap paving --------------------------- 1,180 Construction of reservation buildings----------- ------------- 66, 909 Total costs for these contracts were $4,828,174. Delayed contract costs for construction of spillway and outlet structures and closure section amounted to $2,859. The total costs for the fiscal year were $5,479,916, of which $5,422,062 was for new work and $57,853 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 72 percent complete. Construction work was initiated on August 18, 1948, and to date clearing of the dam site, construction of the terrace, flood-plain sec- tions, and spillway, outlet structures, and closure section, reservation buildings and appurtenances, relocation of State Highway No. 11, designated as U. S. Highway No. 59, and of County Road, Precinct No. 1, Bowie County, Tex., alteration of telephone facilities, and re- location and alteration of 6.9 miles of transmission lines across Tex- arkana Reservoir have been accomplished. The work remaining to complete the project, besides that which is under contract and in progress, consists of channel improvement, for which design memorandum No. 1 has been completed; construction of public-use facilities; construction of access roads in reservoir area, which is scheduled for accomplishment during the fiscal year 1957; constructionof public-use roads, in the vicinity of the dam for which plans and specifications have been prepared by the office of the Divi- sion Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division, and real estate activities. * The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $24,569,199, of which $24,511,345 was for new work and $57,853 was for maintenance. Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-........ $1, 300,000 $4, 000, 000 $4, 974, 000 $5, 000, 000 $3, 300, 000 $27,574,000 Cost------------------ 3, 276, 037 5, 093, 347 10, 203, 395 -1, 682, 380 5, 422, 062 24, 511, 345 Maintenance: Appropriated--------------------- ------------------ ------------------ 63,400 , 63, 400 Cost 57,853 57,853 FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 497 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _____ - - $107, 105 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_- 5, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_-------------------------------------- 5, 107, 105 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_-------- ---------------- __ 1, 426, 000 16. FERRELLS BRIDGE RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The work covered by this project is on Cypress Creek in Marion, Harrison, Upshur, Morris, Camp, and Titus Counties, Tex., 8 miles west of Jefferson, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of an earthfill dam, 10,600 feet long and approximately 80 feet high, and includes a 200-foot spillway with a capacity of 68,200 cubic feet per second. The reservoir will control the runoff from 850 square miles of drainage area, and will have a gross storage capacity of 842,000 acre-feet, including 558,300 acre-feet of flood-control stor- age, 32,100 acre-feet of conservation storage, and 251,600 acre-feet for municipal and industrial water supply. The reservoir will extend 28 miles upstream. The project will afford substantial flood protec- tion of Cypress Creek Valley from the dam site to confluence with the Red River and, together with the operation of the other reservoirs proposed in the Red River Basin, will provide flood protection along the main stem of the Red River below Denison Dam. The estimate of cost (revised in 1955) is $15,440,000 (Federal) and $2,610,000 (non-Federal), a total of $18,050,000. The project was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hydraulic studies, field investigations, and laboratory tests; design drawings and specifica- tions for dam and structure; and plans, studies, and specifications for alteration of utilities -and highway are completed. Design memo- randums numbered 1 through 3, and 6 and 7, prepared by the Lower Mississippi Valley Division office, and design memorandum No. 5, prepared by the New Orleans district, Corps of Engineers, have been approved. Revised real estate memorandum No. 4 was forwarded to the Chief of Engineers for review and approval on June 23, 1955. Hired labor costs were $232,387, of which $132,439 was for the proc- essing of real estate activities; $34,053 was for work by the Waterways Experiment Station, $12,101 was for work by the office of the Division Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division, and $53,793 was for work by the New Orleans district, Corps of Engineers. On January 10, 1955, construction under the project was initiated by continuing contract for relocation of Farm-to-Market Road No. 726 and connecting county roads. This contract is 41 percent com- plete. Alteration and/or rearrangement of gas pipeline and adjacent telephone line of the Arkansas-Louisiana Gas Co. was commenced on June 7, 1955, under lump-sum contract, and is 31 percent complete. Phase I, planning for relocation and alteration of Texas State High- way No. 155, and Farm-to-Market Roads numbered 450 and 729, com- 498 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY I 9'55 menced on February 11, 1955, and is scheduled to be completed in August 1955 under a continuing, cost-reimbursable contract. Phase I, planning for relocation and alteration of Texas State High- way No. 26 and Farm-to-Market Road No. 557 was initiated on May 1, 1955, and is scheduled for completion in December 1955 under a continuing, lump-sum cost reimbursable contract. Contracts have been negotiated with the Southwestern Gas and Electric Co. for alteration and/or rearrangement of their powerlines,, and with the Northeast Texas Municipal Water District for water' supply storage in the reservoir. Negotiations are in progress with the Upshur Rural Electric Co- operative for rearrangement and alteration of their powerlines. Costs chargeable to these contracts were $176,660. The total costs for the fiscal year were $409,047 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction under the project commenced on January 10, 1955, and at the end of the fiscal year the project was 6 percent complete. Future progress is dependent upon the outcome of legislation pending to effect modification of the water supply storage contract with the Northeast Texas Municipal Water District. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $900,096 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_--------. $128, 000 -$98, 148 $160, 000 -$18, 000 $750, 000 $1, 246, 852" Cost- ............ __ 63, 753 46, 751 86,062 50,136 409,047 900, 096 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $88, 975 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __ 2, 450, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___________________ ______________ 2, 538, 975 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________________ 11, 743, 148 17. RED RIVER BELOW DENISON DAM, LEVEES AND BANK STABILIZATION (NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT) Location. The improvements covered by this project are located along both banks of Red River from the vicinity of Index, Tex., mile 497, to the latitude of Alexandria, La., mile 121 (1938 survey) on the north bank, and to the latitude of Boyce, La., mile 141, on the south bank. Emisting project. The plan of improvement provides for modifica- tion as required of existing or authorized Federal and non-Federal levee improvements for conveyance of peak flows of the design flood with a minimum freeboard of 3 feet, except where a 3-foot superority for the "South Bank Red River Levee" is presently prescribed; and for extension of the channel stabilization program envisaged by the existing project, "Red River in the Vicinity of Shreveport, La.,'' FLOOD CONTROr--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 499 by construction of bank protection works at locations where levee setbacks are impossible or uneconomical, and to prevent the disrup- tion to transportation facilities when threatened by caving banks, all between Denison Dam and the upper limit of the Mississippi River backwater, below which is under the jurisdiction of the Mississippi River Commission. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) The estimate of cost (approved in 1954) is $9,530,000. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to: (1) Provide without cost to the United States the rights-of-way required for the work; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction of the works; and (3) maintain and operate the works after completion. Local interests have met the requirements on all work accomplished and have indicated their desire to comply with the requirements as needed. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor carried on engineering and design, noncooperative stream gaging, and prepara- tion of plans and specifications at a cost of $43,628. Approximately 9,654 linear feet of standard board revetment were constructed by contract on Red River during the fiscal year as follows: Linear feet con- Location Period accomplished structed Brownlee Bend, La., R-314.1-L July 1954 to August 1954 ___--- 2, 900 Cash Bend, La., R-320.5-R-------- July 1954 to October 1954 ____ 4, 042 Cash Bend, La., R-320.9-R-__-__ October 1954 to January 1955_... 2, 712 Work at Eagle Bend, R-300.3-R, and Lucas Bend, R-295.8-R, com- menced in previous fiscal year, was completed on August 16 and July 7, 1954, respectively, with dressing of bank and construction of drain- age ditch accomplished this fiscal year. Contract was entered into for construction of 1,130 linear feet of pile dikes at Honore Bend, Item D-308.9-L. The contractor com- menced operations on March 17, 1955; however, due to high river stages, the work was suspended from March 21, 1955, to the end of the fiscal year. Costs on these contracts amounted to $522,259. Plans and specifications for construction of approximately 2,150 linear feet of standard board revetment at Lucas Bend, R-296.2-R, were advertised on June 17, bids to be opened on July 8, 1955; and plans and specifications for construction of approximately 3,700 linear feet of standard board revetment at Curtis, La., have been completed and forwarded to the Division Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division, for approval. The total costs for the fiscal year were $565,887. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, on which construction commenced on February 15, 1948, is 53 percent complete, with approxi- mately 57 miles of the left bank and 100 miles of the right bank levees improved, and 12,937 linear feet of dike and 19,797 linear feet of board revetment constructed. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $5,061,736 for new work. 500 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated-------- $500, 000 -- - $324,000 $565, 000 $450, 000 $5, 154, 505, Cost----------------- 552, 319 $208,037 28, 700 511, 944 565,887 5,061, 736 1 Includes $212,105 expended by Tulsa District for cost of index unit. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ ---------- $11, 649 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _. 525, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------- 536, 649 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for __ completion of existing project --------------------- _ 3, 850, 495 18. BAYOU BODCAU RESERVOIR, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is in Red River Basin on Bayou Bodcau in Bossier Parish, La., 72 miles above the mouth of Loggy Bayou and 35 miles northeast of Shreveport, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of an earthfill dam rising 76 feet above the stream bed with a reservoir providing a flood control storage capacity of 357,000 acre- feet. The outlet works are located in the south abutment, and an uncontrolled spillway is located on the north abutment. The reser- voir will control 656 square miles, or 53 percent, of the entire drainage area of Bayou Bodcau. The construction of a floodway for the diver- sion of Bayou Bodcau and Cypress Bayou to improve flood protection was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. This authorization was modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, which authorized the construction of a reservoir and other flood-control works, in lieu of the construction of a floodway for the diversion of Bayou Bodcau and Cypress Bayou, La., to im- prove flood protection, and further modified by the War Department Civil Appropriation Act approved June 28, 1939, which provided that the reservoir and other flood-control works on Bayou Bodcau and Cypress Bayou, La., authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, shall be constructed in accordance with the revised plans and cost estimates in the Office, Chief of Engineers. The estimate of cost for new work (approved in 1955) is $3,224,900 for construction, and $851,100 for lands and damages, a total of $4,076,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The latest published map is in House Document 378, 74th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor carried on processing of leases, routine studies, malaria control, condition and operation surveys, and operation and maintenance of the reservoir at a cost of $10,104 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 501 Reservoir operations Storage (acre- Inflow 1 Outflow 1 July 1, 1954 ------------------------------------------- 200 0 16 June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------. 330 0 20 Apr. 27, 1955 (maximum)--------------- Mar. 23, 1955 (maximum) -------------------------------------------- 2 13 22, 173 --------- . 1, 490 4, 300.. 1 Cubic feet per second. Number of visitor-days of recreational use--9,200 (fiscal year 1955). Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed on November 21, 1950. Construction work was initiated on April 23, 1947, and on December 1, 1948, the main dam and spillway were completed. The outlet struc- ture was constructed during the period April 8, 1948, to December 17, 1949, and on July 14, 1948, Bayou Bodcau was diverted from its nat- ural bed and flowed through the outlet structure for the first time. Relocation and alteration of utilities and roads have been accom- plished as follows: Alteration to pipeline, United Gas Pipe Line Commenced Completed Co_____________________________________ Oct. 6, 1947 June 29, 194& Alteration of parish road and bridges- ---- _ Sept. 12, 1949 Aug. 24, 1950 Relocation of State Highway No. 70--------- Oct. 25, 1949 Nov. 21, 1950 Anchoring of 7 bridges on State route No. 182__ Nov. 16, 1949 Nov. 26, 1949 Alteration to pipeline, Triangle Pipe Line Co__ Nov. 20, 1949 Feb. 15, 1950 The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,134,280 of which $4,075,014 (including a minus $26 for overhead) was for new work and $59,266 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_' ----------- --- --------- -$345, 125 - -$4, 075, 875 Cost----------------$207,153 $81, 255 20, 545 $1, 359 -$26 4, 075, 014 Maintenance: Appropriated . _ 9, 000 8, 500 11, 000 11, 000 10, 000 59, 500 Cost_------------------ _ 15, 096 10, 615 10, 539 10, 531 10,104 59, 266 19. WALLACE LAKE RESERVOIR, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is in Red River Basin on Cypress Bayou, Caddo, and De Soto Parishes, La., 66 miles above the mouth of Bayou Pierre and about 14 miles southeast of Shreve- port, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of an earthfill dam 4,940 feet long at the top, including 644 feet of spillway and outlet works, rising 48 feet above the stream bed, with a reservoir providing for storage of 96,100 acre-feet, includ- 502 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 ing a conservation pool of 7,800 acre-feet. The outlet works and un- controlled spillway are centered about 1,250 feet north of the south abutment. The reservoir will control 260 square miles, or about 20 percent of the total drainage area of Bayou Pierre, Cypress Bayou, and tributaries combined, and will afford protection against floods for an area of about 90,000 acres of valley below the dam. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act 'approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1955) is $1,151,500 for construction and $63,000 for preparation of land titles, a total of $1,214,500. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The latest published map is in House Document No. 378, 74th Congress, 2d session. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, incorporated this project in the new project "Red River below Denison Dam." Local cooperation. Local interests, represented by the Board of Commissioners of Caddo levee district, have furnished assurances, agreeing to furnish free of cost to the United States all the land, rights-of-way, easements, and servitudes required for the project. The dam site area, which was acquired in fee, has been conveyed to the United States. Practically 85 percent of the flowage easements in the reservoir area has been acquired by the local agency and con- veyed to the United States. Due to inability to clear title to some tracts and unreasonable requests of land-owners as to prices offered for such easements, the local agency, by resolution adopted on Novem- ber 20, 1951, requested that condemnation proceedings be filed in its behalf to acquire flowage easements over the remaining portion of the reservoir. Five declarations of taking have been filed covering 73 tracts. It is estimated that local interests will make the additional funds avail- able so that 2 declarations of taking covering the final 27 tracts may be filed during fiscal year 1956. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces con- tinued processing of rights-of-way at a cost of $1,239 for new work :and carried on maintenance of the dam and condition and operation studies at a cost of $7,779 for maintenance. The total costs for the fiscal year were $9,017. Reservoir operations Storage (acre- Inflow Outflow 1 feet) July 1, 1954..............---- ..........-------------------------------------- 7, 090 0 0 June 30, 1955----- ....................------------------- ----------------- 7, 740 10 Apr. 15, 1955 (maximum)---........----------------------------................ 30, 353 --------------- 1, 870 May 25, 1955 (maximum)-..----_.................. .........----------------------7, 440 Cubic feet per second. Number of visitor-days of recreational use-26,100 (fiscal year 1955). Condition at end of fiscal year. All construction work on the FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 503 project was completed on December 28, 1946; completion of process- ing of rights-of-way remains to complete the project. The main portion of the dam was constructed during the fiscal year 1943; the stabilization of the railroad embankment was accom- plished during the period June 19 to November 20, 1946; and placing of fill in the closure section of the dam was accomplished during the period November 24, to December 28, 1946. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,265,460, of which $1,199,399 was for new work and $66,060 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--------......... ------------ . $3, 000 $10, 000 $4, 500 $1, 500 $1, 201, 000 Cost______ _ __ -..... $781 3, 200 8, 118 5, 684 1, 239 1, 199, 399 Maintenance: Appropriated_--__ - 6,000 6, 500 8,000 6,800 7, 000 66, 300 Cost_-_ ___-_------ - 9, 291 6, 670 8, 773 6, 277 7, 778 66, 060 1 Fiscal year allotment from O. C. E. reserve to cover real estate work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ $1, 577 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_______________________- ______ 13, 500 20. BAYOU PIERRE, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is in Red River Basin below Shreveport, La., along the channel of Bayou Pierre from its mouth at Grand Ecore, La., upstream to its confluence with Bayou Wincy, a distance of 30 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for widening of the channel at intervals, totaling 12.9 miles, and snagging of 29.7 miles. The project will reduce flood damage and improve sanitary and living conditions over a wide area. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.). The cost of constructing the project, completed in 1939, was $299,- 529. The estimated annual cost of maintenance is $13,500. The latest published map is in House Document No. 378, 74th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results dwring fiscal year. Conditions and opera- tion studies, noncooperative stream gaging, and engineering and flood damage surveys were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $1,370. Work under hired labor directive for clearing and snagging Bayou Pierre between miles 29.4 and 11.8 commenced in previous fiscal year was continued to July 16, 1954, when work was suspended on account of lack of funds; however, more funds were made available and the work was resumed on January 7, 1955, and stopped on February 11, 504 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1955, when the available funds became exhausted. During this fiscal year, the west bank of the bayou was cleared between miles 18.7 and 13.01 and 12.5 and 12.3 and the east bank between miles 21.8 and 13.09 and 12.4 and 12.3. Costs were $10,427. The total costs for the fiscal year were $11,797 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work under the existing proj- ect was completed in the fiscal year 1939. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $415,842, of which $299,529 was for new work, including $38,529 from Emergency Relief funds, and $116,313 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ----..----- ---------- - - -------------- ---------- $299, 529 Cost __ -------------- ----------------- ----------------- ------------ 299,529 Maintenance: Appropriated ---- -$35, 000 $6, 000 $29, 574 $19, 000 $5, 000 116, 574 Cost__------------_ ----- 6, 842 6, 904 18,559 26, 714 11,797 116, 313 1 Includes $38,529 from Emergency Relief funds, new work. 21. NATCHITOCHES PARISH, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is on the south bank of Red River at Natchitoches and Rapides Parishes, La., between miles 160 and 202 above the mouth of Red River. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the raising and enlargement of the existing levee and the construction of new levee between the hills near Grand Ecore, La., at mile 202 above the mouth of Red River, and the hills below Cane River near its mouth at mile 160 above the mouth of Red River; the construction of a dam across Cane River near its mouth; the excavation of drainage canals for intercepted drainage; and a diversion channel from Cane River to Red Bayou, a distance of approximately 5.5 miles, for protection of approximately 135,000 acres of land in the Cane Island area from Red River overflow. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimate of cost (revised in 1954) is $1,580,000 (Federal) and $250,000 (non-Federal), all for construction. The latest published map is in House Document No. 378, 74th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Local interests furnished assurances on Janu- ary 23, 1952, which were approved by the Division Engineer on April 21, 1952, that they will: (1) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the con- struction of the project; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (3) maintain and operate the works after the completion in accordance with regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests con- FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 505 tributed $250,000 toward the cost of construction of the Cane River- Red Bayou diversion channel. Difficulty was encountered in furnish- ing rights-of-way and two tracts were condemned by the United States on behalf of local interests. These condemnation proceedings have been concluded. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Engineering and design, engineering studies, flood-damage surveys, and preparation of opera- tions and maintenance manuals were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $25,378. Removal of approximately 25,000 cubic yards of slide material over :a distance of 705 linear feet on Cane River-Red Bayou diversion channel was effected by hired labor during the period December 14, to 23, 1954. On June 9, 1955, hired labor forces commenced ditching for intercepted drainage and erosion control at 4 locations along the channel, and on June 30, 1955, the work was 41 percent complete, with excavation of drainage ditch completed at 1 location and partially completed at a second location. The costs for this work were $19,956. Excavation of Cane River-Red Bayou diversion channel, com- menced under a continuing contract in fiscal year 1953, was com- pleted on August 21, 1954, with 254,116 cubic yards excavated by dragline this fiscal year in constructing 0.38 mile of new channel, and 15,561 cubic yards excavated in removing a shoal in the previously dredged channel over a distance of 0.2 mile. During the period September 1 to November 11, 1954, the Cane River dam and tie-in levees were completed by contract with the plac- ing of 26,351 cubic yards in constructing approximately 4,291 linear feet of embankment, and the placing of 107,823 cubic yards in con- structing 565 linear feet of dam. Costs for these contracts amounted to $101,248. The total costs for the fiscal year were $146,582 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project com- menced in fiscal year 1938 and is now 95 percent complete, with 37.01 miles of levee constructed and enlarged, 10.46 miles of diversion chan- nel excavated, and 565 linear feet of dam constructed. Completion of ditching for intercepted drainage and erosion con- trol will complete the project. The total government costs for new work to the end of the fiscal year were $1,500,749. In addition, costs from contributed funds amounted to $250,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated...- ...-. - _- ------ . $360, 000 $348,000 $349, 000 _---$-4--2 $1, 580, 000 Cost .----------- --- _-------- 37, 623 88, 590 485, 190 $146, 582 1, 500, 749 1In addition, $250,000 was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----__-----_ $30, 583 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------- 30, 583 506 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 22. ALOHA-RIGOLETTE AREA, GRANT AND RAPIDES PARISHES, LA. Location. The work covered by this project lies on the left bank of Red River in Grant and Rapides Parishes, between miles 125 and 171 above the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for protec- tion of some 46,000 acres of alluvial plain in the Aloha-Rigolette area, now subject to overflow by Red River waters, by enlarging and raising the existing levee from mile 151 to mile 141, and extending it to the hills on the left bank of Bayou Rigolette. Interior drainage, inter- cepted by levee construction, is to be channeled to and through Bayou Rigolette to a sump and a floodgate system in the levee at Bayou Rigolette, by construction of a diversion ditch from Bayou Darrow to Saline Bayou, and fills at head of Bayou Darrow, and channel clearing of Bayou Rigolette and portions of Waden and Saline Bayous. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, which modified the project for Grant Parish below Colfax, La., as authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, to provide for construction of the above described works. The estimate of cost (approved in 1955) is $1,652,800. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor carried on engineering and design and flood-damage surveys, prepared plans and specifications, conducted cooperative stream gaging and liaison activi- ties for floodgate, and made a condition check of structure, at a cost of $7,493. Seeding and dressing of approximately 881 linear feet of the 4,000 linear feet of embankment constructed by contract on Bayou Rigo- lette, R-124.5-L, during the previous fiscal year, were completed on August 1, 1954, as was the installation of relief valves, with protective covers, on the floodgate. The cost of this contract work was $6,194. During the period April 1 to 22, 1955, hired labor restored various sections of this embankment that had been damaged by rainwash and seeded those sections where the sod was deficient. The total costs for the fiscal year were $17,414 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction under the project commenced on June 3, 1948, and was completed on April 22, 1955, with approximately 18 miles of new levee and 4 miles of riverside enlargement constructed. Bayou Darrow was separated from Bayou Rigolette and its flow diverted into Saline Bayou through the diver- sion ditch, which was excavated during the period June 28 to Novem- ber 6, 1948. Bridges at miles 0.40, 2.05, and 4.1, over the diversion ditch were completed during the period October 4, 1948, to May 24, 1949, and 33.30 miles of waterway were cleared during the period July 16, 1948, to February 18, 1950. Bayou Darrow closures were effected during the period May 16 to August 22, 1949, and Bayou Rigolette floodgate was constructed during the period July 8, 1953, to April 2, 1954. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,651,851 for new work. FLOOD CONTROr--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 507 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated $186, 550 $146, 936 ------------ $1, 652, 800 Cost------__----.- $319,517 $32,159 -4,676 408, 445 $17, 414 1, 651, 851 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- $1, 535 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------- 1, 535 23. BAYOU TECHE AND VERMILION RIVER, LA. Location. Bayou Teche has its source in Bayou Courtableau, in St. Landry Parish, and flows in a southeasterly direction a distance of 125 miles to its confluence with the lower Atchafalaya River, about 101/2 miles above Morgan City, La. Vermilion River, also called Bayou Vermilion, is formed by the junction of Bayous Fusilier and Bourbeau, west of Arnaudville, La., and flows in a southwesterly di- rection to the western end of Vermilion Bay, a distance of 72 miles. Bayou Teche is connected with the Vermilion River by Bayou Fusilier at Arnaudville; and by Ruth Canal, an artificial, privately owned, nonnavigable waterway, constructed for diversion of water from Bayou Teche to Vermilion River for rice irrigation. (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116 and 1277; Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps; and U. S. Geological Survey maps.) Existing project. This provides for the excavation of a navigable channel (51 miles long) 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide from the 8-foot depth contour in Vermilion Bay to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, thence 9 feet deep by 100 feet wide from the Gulf Intracoastal Water- way to Lafayette, La. (fixed bridge at Louisiana State Highway No. 1092), with additional enlargement below Abbeville necessary to pro- vide adequate capacity for flood flows; improvement of Vermilion River from Lafayette, La., mile 52.0, to its junction with the lower end of Ruth Canal, mile 57.2, by both widening and deepening so as to provide a channel of 60-foot bottom width at minus 6.0 feet, mean Gulf level, in order to provide adequate capacity for flood discharges from the upper Vermilion River Basin, and also serve irrigation inter- ests by conducting the flow of Ruth Canal to the lower Vermilion River during the rice season. Clearing and enlargement of the channel from Ruth Canal to Bayou Fusilier by both widening and deepening so as to provide a cross- section approximately 50 percent larger than that of the existing channel. This improvement is required in the interest of flood control in the upper Vermilion Basin. Enlargement of the channel of Bayou Teche from its head in Bayou Courtableau to a point approximately 21 miles downstream thereof, by widening and deepening so as to provide a channel of 35-foot bot- tom width at minus 2 and minus 3, mean Gulf level. 508 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Increasing the height of Keystone Dam from its present crest elevation of 8.0 feet, above mean low Gulf, by 3 feet (later revised to- 1.5 feet) by the installation of movable crest gates. (See individual report of navigation project for Bayou Teche, La.) In connection with the improvements outlined above, the project provides for replacement of an existing pontoon bridge at Woodlawn on the navigable portion of Vermilion River with a vertical lift structure. Relative minor work, consisting of lengthening and strengthening of approaches, is required on five existing movable bridges over Vermilion River below Lafayette, La., located at Louisi- ana State Highway No. 43 at Perry, La.; Southern Pacific Railroad at Abbeville, La.; Louisiana State Highway No. 25 at Abbeville, La.; Milton, La.; and U. S. Highway No. 90 (Pinhook Bridge) just below Lafayette, La. Similar work on existing fixed spans over nonnaviga- ble streams is provided for on eleven bridges over Bayou Vermilion above Lafayette, La., and three over upper Bayou Teche. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1955) is $2,912,000 (Federal) and $147,900 (non-Federal). The latest (1952) approved estimate of Federal cost of annual maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941 (S. Doc. 93, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which also contains the latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. Final acquisition of the rights-of-way for future maintenance by formal acts of conveyance is in process and local interests have com- pleted acquisition of approximately 70 percent of rights-of-way re- quired for maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor continued acquisition of rights-of-way at a cost of $161 for new work and con- tinued stream gaging operations, prepared an operations and mainte- nance manual, and made flood-damage surveys, all at a cost of $4,501 for maintenance. Delayed charges for maintenance dredging per- formed by contract in previous fiscal year amounted to $186. The total costs for the fiscal year were $4,848, of which $161 was for new work and $4,687 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project on which construction commenced on March 20, 1944, is now approximately 99 percent complete. Channel improvement on Vermilion River consisted of constructing an 8- by 80-foot channel from the 8-foot depth contour in Vermilion Bay to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway; a 9- by 100-foot channel from Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to mile 52 (it was necessary to redredge Vermilion River channel between miles 36.9 and 46.0 during the fiscal year 1953, to reestablish project dimensions, due to sedimen- tation caused by deposits from tributary streams excavated by local interests); and a 6- by 60-foot channel from mile 52 to mile 57.4. Channel enlargement was accomplished between miles 3.5 and 17.5 and 57.4 and 76.21. Clearing and snagging was accomplished in Bayou Fusilier and Bayou Vermilion between miles 67.7 and 79, and FLOOD CONTROI--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 509 an earth dike was constructed in Bayou Fusilier. The channel of Bayou Teche was improved between miles 103.8 and 124.8. A new bridge was constructed over Vermilion River at Woodlawn, the bridge at Milton was reconstructed; modification of bridges over Vermilion River above Lafayette, La., of fixed spans over upper Bayou Teche, of railroad bridge numbered 3.78, and of Louisiana State Highway bridges numbered 988 over Bayou Vermilion and 245 over Bayou Fusilier has been accomplished; the bridge at Pinhook was altered, and riprap was placed to insure bridge against possible damage by bank caving; and excavation and riprapping was performed in the vicinity of Southern Pacific Railroad bridge, Lafayette, La. Local interests have constructed improvements in Ruth Canal. Work remaining to complete the project consists of raising the crest of Keystone Dam, a feature of the River and Harbor project "Bayou Teche, La.," to provide an increase of 1.5 feet in the pool elevation above Keystone Dam, in order to increase the flow through Ruth Canal into Vermilion River, and miscellaneous minor items. This work will be accomplished in connection with the modification of Keystone Dam under the Bayou Teche, La., project. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, Vermilion River, were: (September 1954) Over the bar, 6 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Water- way, 10 feet; to Abbeville, 8 feet; to mile 49, 7 feet; and to highway bridge at Lafayette (mile 50.9), 5 feet, except a plug 600 feet long about 1 mile below the bridge, 3.5 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $3,168,214, of which $2,891,839 was for new work and $276,375 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: . Appropriated- - -.. $375, 000 -- $2, 892, 000 Cost----------------- 212,114 $29,383 $165, 170 $3,450 $161 2,891,839 Maintenance: . Appropriated- ----- ------------- 89, 000 53, 225 39, 600 5, 000 276,825 Cost 7, 663 18, 848 126, 501 39, 263 4, 687 276, 375 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---_--------_ $54 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -54 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project------------------ --------- _ __ 20, 000 24. MERMENTAU RIVER, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is located 35 to 70 miles southeast of Lake Charles, La., along the lower Mermentau River below Grand Lake, mile 25, to the Gulf of Mexico; the Inland Waterway from Vermilion Bay to White Lake, White Lake to Grand 510 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Lake, and from Schooner Bayou to the Intracoastal Waterway--Gulf section (Schooner Bayou cutoff); the North Prong of Schooner Bayou; and the waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La., an artificial canal, extending from the 5-foot-depth contour in White Lake, almost due south for a distance of approximately 1.8 miles to Pecan Island. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1277 and 1278, and U. S. Geological Survey maps.) Previous project. Authorized by Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. For further details, see page 1034 of Annual Report for 1946. Existing project. The plan of improvement covers flood control navigation, irrigation, and salinity control in the coastal marsh of the lower Mermentau River Basin and provides for channel enlarge- ment of the lower Mermentau River below Grand Lake, mile 25, to a minimum section of 3,000 square feet below mean low Gulf level for discharge of flood flows; construction of a sector gated control structure at Catfish Point, mile 24 above mouth of Mermentau River for discharge of flood flows and control of tidal flows and salt-water intrusion in the Mermentau River; channel enlargement and realine- ment of the Inland Waterway from Vermilion Bay to White Lake, 12.04 miles, and from White Lake to Grand Lake, 6.14 miles, to a minimum section of 3,000 square feet below mean low Gulf level or interflow between lakes and discharge of flood flows; construction of a sector gated control structure in the enlarged channel immedi- ately north of the abandoned Schooner Bayou lock reservation for discharge of flood flows and control of tidal flows and salt-water intru- sion; channel enlargement of North Prong of Schooner Bayou and Schooner Bayou cutoff, 6.69 miles, to 6 by 60 feet, mean low Gulf level, for navigation purposes; and maintenance of the existing 5- by 40-foot, mean low Gulf level, waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La., 1.8 miles long, for navigation. In addition, the project provides for the incorporation of that sec- tion of the project, "Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to Mer- mentau River," west of Vermilion Bay, a waterway that included the Schooner Bayou lock. Because of the failure of both east and west gates, Schooner Bayou lock has been closed by a dike across the east approach channel and traffic has been routed through the new control structure. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide on the Mermentau River near the mouth is 1.6 feet and near the head about 3 inches. The variation of the water surface near the mouth may be as much as 7 or 8 feet, due to hurricanes on the Gulf, and near the head from 8 to 12 feet, due to freshets. The estimate of cost for new work (approved in 1955) is $4,632,400. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $93,600. FLOOD CONTRO---NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 511 The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 18,19411 Channel enlargement, lower Mermentau River, S. Doc. 94, 77th Cong., 1st sess. from mile 15 to the Gulf of Mexico; and construc- tion of a lock and control spillway at Catfish Point, mile 24. 3 July 24,1946 2 Channel enlargement: lower Mermentau River below S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Grand Lake, mile 25; construction of a gated control structure at or near Grand Cheniere, mile 7; channel enlargement and realignment of Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to Mermentau River, La., from Vermillion Bay to White Lake, via new channel, and from White Lake to Grand Lake; channel enlargement of North Prong of Schooner Bayou; construction of a gated control structure in the new channel near Schooner Bayou lock; and inclu- sion of the project: "Waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La." and the portion of the project "Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to the Mermentau River" west of Vermillion Bay in the modified project "Mermentau River, La." 1 Flood Control Act. 2 River and Harbor Act. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design and acquisition of rights-of-way were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $2,933 and delayed charges for contract completed in previous fiscal year amounted to $752, all for new work. Condition and operation studies were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $1,952 for maintenance. Schooner Bayou and Catfish Point control structures were operated as required during the fiscal year to conserve fresh water by main- tenance of normal lake stages and to prevent uncontrolled tidal inflow during the rice irrigation season; to release promptly flood waters during abnormal stages; and to limit minimum stages in interest of navigation. The cost charges were $29,340 and $21,602, respectively, for the operation of Schooner Bayou and Catfish Point control structures. The total costs for the fiscal year were $56,581, of which $3,686 was for new work, $1,953 for maintenance, and $50,942 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, on which work com- menced April 21, 1947, was completed July 10, 1952, except real estate activities. New work dredging on the existing project was accomplished during the period April 21, 1947, to June 21, 1952. Catfish Point control structure was constructed during the period November 6, 1948 to August 16, 1951. The reservation comprises 9.7 acres. Schooner Bayou lock and control structures: Schooner Bayou lock and dam were completed in 1913 and 1914, respectively, and the lock- master's house in 1917. The lock was closed to navigation May 7, 1951, and abandoned by authority of the Chief of Engineers on October 9, 1951. Permanent closure of the lock channel and tie-in dikes was completed on September 22, 1951. 363037-55---vol. 2-33 512 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Construction of the control structure and dikes was accomplished during the period August 8, 1949 to May 22, 1951. The reservation comprises 6.9 acres. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: Mermentan River (June 1954); Over bar, 4 feet, to mile 0.0, 10 feet; through cut in Lower Mud Lake to Upper Mud Lake, 7 feet; through Upper Mud Lake, 6 feet; to Catfish Point, 10 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Grand Lake, 2.5 feet; Waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La. (May 1953) ; Over bar to Pecan Island, 5 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $5,032,408, of which $4,631,589 was for new work, $125,867 for maintenance, and $272,952 for operating and care, including $13,163, river and harbor funds. In addition, $2,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated.-------. $800,000 $707, 000 -$362, 593 - __.____ . _________ $4, 632, 400 Cost _________________ 1,856,328 342,724 29,167 $1,461 $3,686 4,631,589 Maintenance: Appropriated _ - 38, 000 80, 000 91,201 .62,600 54, 000 401,964 Cost_________________ 51, 672 80, 585 78, 856 87, 087 52, 895 398, 819 1 In addition, $2,000 expended from contributed funds for maintenance. 2 Includes $13,163 of river and harbor funds for maintenance. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - ------------------ $46 25. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Hempstead County Levee District No. 1, Ark.1 ._ .__............_ 1941 $88, 006 _- -_ (2) 2. Mooringsport Reservoir, La.________________ 1951 69, 008 _____________ 3 $11,130, 992 3. Black Bayou Reservoir, La. 4 1945 ___ _________________ 714, 000 4. Red River in the vicinity of Shreveport, La.l 1953 3,908, 000 - (2) 5. Red River Parish, La._______________________ 1939 14, 435 (2) 6. Bayou Bodcau, Red Chute, and Loggy Bayou, La.'l_- 1948 319, 200 (2) 7. Bayou Pierre in the vicinity of Shreveport, La.1'.. . .. . . - - --------- -------------- 1951 ' 243, 336 (2) 8." Colfax, Grant Parish, La.' 6_ 1938 70, 348 (2) 9. Grant Parish below Colfax, La.___ 1941 38, 809 ____________ (2) 10. Pineville, Red River, La.___________________ 1953 232, 426 (2) 11. Saline Point, La._____________________________ 1945 124, 111 ___________ (2) 12. Small flood-control projects under authority of section 205 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, as amended___ .. ____. 1954 217, 109-.............. 1 Incorporated in the project "Red River below Denison Dam." 2 Completed. 3 Work not started; deferred for restudy. 4 Inactive; latest cost estimate revision, 1954. 5 In addition, $89,047 was expended from contributed funds. Q Completed under provisions of sec. 7 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, as amended by sec. 9 of the Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936, and included in 1939 Annual Report of the president, Mississippi River Commission, p. 2214. FLOOD CONTROIL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 513 26. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Inspection of completed flood-control structures was made in the Arkansas, Middle Red River, and Shreveport sectors, to determine the condition of these structures and the need for future repairs. The costs were $235. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated __ _ $2 750- --- $3, 000 $4, 300 -$2, 516 $7,534 Cost------------------ 1,547 $15 2, 662 3, 075 235 7, 534 27. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood Control Emergencies--Repair and Flood Fighting and Rescue Work. (Sec. 208 of the 1948 Flood Control Act, sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act, and supplemental authorizations.) During the fiscal year the following work was completed under such authority: Linear feet Item of improve- Commenced Completed ment Hired labor: Westdale levee setback restoration_ _-- - 3, 374 February 1955_-- February 1955. Contract: Bayou Poisson levee setback, R-195.3-R .------ 1, 745 April 1955 -.. - May 1955. ...--.-. Kelley levee setback, R-417.5-R-_------ _ 3, 895 April 1954 - - .- July 1954. Engineering and design were carried on by hired labor for work in Hopkins County Levee District No. 3. The costs for the work performed this fiscal year amounted to $20,258, delayed costs for hired labor work performed in previous fiscal year were $8, and costs for emergency flood-fighting operations were $900, making total costs of $21,166. The total costs to June 30, 1955, under this authority were $9,770,524 of which $2,254,230 was for new work and $7,516,294 for maintenance. In addition, $71,500 was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated _.. .. _ _ $2, 254, 230 ..---------------------- Cost- _ ___....__ _ - -__ - -_ ---__ -__2,254,230 Maintenance: Appropriated _ $556, 042 $233, 500 $50, 000 $85, 890 $32, 251 7, 550, 315 Cost- _ - ... 523, 833 336, 179 128,672 134, 683 21, 166 7, 516, 294 514 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Snagging and Clearing Under Authority of Section 0 of the Flood Control Act Approved August 28, 1937, as Amended. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, as amended, au- thorizes an allotment of not to exceed $2,000,000 from flood control appropriations for any one fiscal year for the removal of accumulated snags and other debris, and clearing and straightening the channel in navigable streams and tributaries thereof, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is advisable in the interests of flood control: Provided, That not more than $100,000 shall be expended for this purpose for any single tributary from the appropriations for any one fiscal year. During the period July 13 to October 19, 1954, approximately 125,785 cubic yards were removed by contract from Natalbany River from Springfield, La., to 1.49 miles upstream in effecting enlargement and alinement of the channel. Clearing and burning were accom- plished over a distance of approximately 1,200 linear feet, from Springfield, La., to a point 0.23 mile upstream. The work of clearing and realining Journigan Creek, Tex., above the Texas and New Orleans (Missouri Pacific) Railroad bridge, has been advertised, bids to be opened on July 7, 1955. The total costs for the fiscal year were $24,189 for new work. To date, the following work has been completed under this authori- zation in the New Orleans district: Item Improvement (miles) Completion date Cost Barkmap Creek, Tex.: Clearing and snagging-............................... 0.06- 5. 2 0.0 - 0.06 August 1949....... $60, 357 Excavation-..----- ----.------------------- 5.2 - 8.69 Bayou des Cyprairres, La., channel enlargement, excava- tion-..--.--- .---- ----------------------------------- 5. 4 November 1953.... 42, 498 Bayou Francois, La., clearing and snagging ......---.--.. 0- 8. 26 April 1948......... 13, 500 Bayou Galion, La., clearing and snagging _--...........-- 10-18. 32 September 1947 .. 25, 501 Bayou L'Eau Bleu, excavation -------------------- 3. 16-11. 5 September 1948 .._ -I 44, 081 Bayou Vincent: Excavation ..........-...--------------..----------------- 0. 48- 1.35 }December 1947.... 13, 000 Clearing and snagging ............................... 0.00- 0.49 Brush Bayou, channel improvement and realinement- ...- 0- 4.35 December 1953.... 48,317 Cane Creek: Excavation (122,846 cubic yards)__. ..---------------- 2.39- 3.00 3.90- 4.75 Clearing and snagging-.............................-- 3.00-3.90 4.75- 5.45 SAugust 1950....... 37, 645 Denton Creek.................................--- 0. 00- 0. 70 Realinement (25,763 cubic yards) ------ 3. 14- 3.90 November 1950.... Day Creek, Tex., and Ark., channel improvement and re- 3. 7 October 1953...... 29, 622 alinement. Little Cypress River, Tex.1 ._ ... __ ._....____._____ January 1951-...... 12, 626 Mustang Creek: Excavation. -------------------------------- 29.39-25. 60 May 1948_......... Clearing and snagging----- -------------------- 25.60-19.90 July 1948____....} 25,000 Excavation .......---.------- ----------------- --- 25. 60-23.47 November 1952... 17, 033 Natalbany River, La.: 14.95-12. 54 Excavation..-------------- ----------------- ------ 12.45-11.93 March 1953-........ 49, 480 Clearing and snagging.....-.....-.....-- ...--...... 12. 54-12. 45 Excavation....... ...........------- -...----------------... 10. 00-11.49 }October 1954- Clearing. .... .... . .... ... .. .... ... . ...- . 10. 00-10. 23 21, 564 New River: Excavation . ___ ....-------------------.. ...... .. 0.00- 2.22 April 1948-........ } 31,500 Clearing and snagging .... _--------------- 5.00-11.50 June 1948_......... Ponchatoula Creek, clearing and snagging_.............. 3.8- 7.09 May 1949..__...... 10, 464 Posten Bayou, La., and Ark.: Clearing and snagging_------ ----------------- -- 8. 76-12.17 1 2.20- 4.60 April 1951......... 46, G21 Excavation (202,450 cubic yards) .............. ...... 7.38- 8.76 See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 515 Item Improvement (miles) Completion date Cost Selsers Creek, La., clearing and snagging------------------ 0. 415 July 1950----------.......... $4, 958 Sulphur River, Tex., 3.14 miles._------------------- 185-195 October 1952-..... 46,082 Swan Lake, Ark., clearing, snagging, and channel enlarge- (2) . 2, 200 ment. Wallace Bayou, La., clearing and snagging---------------- 0. 0- 3.2 September 1951... 11, 502 Yellow Water River, La., clearing and snagging-----------........... 0.0- 2.75 October 1950.---- 3,136 1 Due to high stages on Little Cypress River, it was necessary to terminate contract covering this work by supplemental agreement on Jan. 18, 1951. 2The work on Swan Lake was advertised on Oct. 30, 1947; however, the bids were canceled and this work was accomplished with that done on Red River levees below Denison Dam. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $598,713. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... $14, 305 $122, 010 $87, 877 -$6, 562 $80, 000 $677, 431 Cost----------------- 94, 058 31, 797 100, 395 104, 885 24, 189 598, 713 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------_ $78, 705 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----------------------------------------- 78, 705 Emergency Bank Protection Work Under Authority of Section 14 of the Flood Control Act Approved December 22, 1944, as Amended. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the allot- ment from flood-control appropriations of not to exceed $1,000,000 per year for construction of emergency bank-protection works to prevent flood damages to highways, bridge approaches, and public works, when, in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers, such work is advisable: Provided,That not more than $50,000 shall be allotted for this purpose at any single locality from appropriations for any 1 fiscal year. Pursuant to this authorization, $50,000 was allotted to the New Orleans district this fiscal year to construct approximately 1,100 linear feet of pile dikes at Garland City, Lafayette County, Ark., Item D- 523.3-L. Operations commenced on June 23, 1955, and on June 30, 1955, the contract was 13 percent complete, with bank grading in progress. The costs were $11,334. Engineering and design by hired labor for this work amounted to $6,003, or total costs of $17,338 for the fiscal year for new work. The total Government costs under this authorization to the end of the fiscal year were $310,434. In addition, costs from contributed funds amounted to $115,138. 516 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------......... $50, 000 $90, 287 $42, 809 _ $50, 000 $343, 096 Cost-..---------------...... 96, 539 98, 599 47, 671 ------------ 17, 338 310, 434 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_----------_ $5, 619 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------- -------------------------- 5, 619 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-..---__.. $50,000 ------------ $65, 138 ------------ $70, 000 $185, 138 Cost_ ------------- - 28,160 $16, 978 70, 000 --------------------. 115,138 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $21, 462 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_--------------------------------------------- 21, 462 28. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs of work during the fiscal year were $73,404 of which $16 901 was for navigation studies; $14,659 was for flood-control studies; and $41,844 was for special studies (Arkansas-White-Red River report). The unexpended balance was $20,306 and there were no accounts receivable. The unexpended balance plus an additional sum of $32,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1956 as follows: Accounts payable----------------------------------------------- $2, 154 Examinations and surveys: Navigation studies----------------------------------- $36, 747 Flood-control studies--------------------------------- 7, 577 Special studies-------------------------------------- 5, 827 Total examinations and surveys------------------------------50, 151 52, 306 29. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The cost of work during the year was $2,171 for storm studies of the unprecedented rainfall of April-May 1953. The unexpended balance of $20 will be expended in fiscal year 1956 for continuation of storm studies. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE VICKSIURG, MISS., DISTRICT The district comprises a very small portion of southwestern Ten- nessee, western Mississippi, southern Arkansas, and northeastern Louisiana as embraced in the drainage basins of the eastern tributaries of the Mississippi River south of Horn Lake Creek to and including Buffalo River, and of the western tributaries from and including the Arkansas River from a point 3 miles upstream from Pine Bluff, and the Ouachita and Black Rivers and tributaries in Arkansas and Louisiana. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Arkansas River and tribu- 8. Bayou Bartholomew, Ark. taries, Ark. and Okla.._. 517 and La 529 2. Ouachita and Black Rivers, 9. Bawcomville, La__ 529 Ark. and La - 3. Other authorized navigation 517 10. Big Black River, Miss ---.. 11. Homochitto River, Miss- -- 530 531 projects _ 522 12. Flood control work under special authorizations---- 532 Flood control 13. Other authorized flood-con- trol projects___ 532 4. Ouachita River and tribu- taries, Ark. and La_ ------ 523 General investigations 5. Blakely Mountain Dam on Ouachita River, Ark ----- 525 14. Examinations and surveys__ 15. Collection and study of basic 533 6. Little Missouri River Basin, Ark_- 526 data - -- 533 7. Calion, Ouachita River, Ark_ 528 1. ARKANSAS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARK. AND OKLA. A consolidated report on this project for the Vicksburg, Little Rock, and Tulsa districts, submitted by the Little Rock district, southwestern division, is on page 677. 2. OUACHITA AND BLACK RIVERS, ARK. AND LA. Location. Ouachita River rises in Polk County, Ark., and flows about 600 miles in a general southeasterly and southerly direction through Arkansas and Louisiana. It is joined by the Tensas and Little Rivers at Jonesville, La., below which place it is called Black River, and enters Red River 35.5 miles above its mouth. (See Mis- sissippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, United States Army alluvial valley map and Moro Bay, Ingalls, Strong, Felsenthal, Haile, Drew, Monroe, Columbia, Fort Necessity, Harrisonburg, Manifest, Tooleys, and Deer Park quadrangle maps), also folio of maps of the Ouachita-Black Rivers, Ark. and La., from Blakely Mountain Reser- 517 518 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 voir to Mississippi River including Old River and portion of Red River, scale 1: 62,500. Previous projects. The project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, June 10, 1872, August 14, 1876, and July 5, 1884. A separate project for work in the Ouachita River between Camden and Arkadelphia was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 11, 1888. For further details, see page 1869 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 900 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a navigable depth of 61/2 feet at low water from the mouth of Black River, La., to Camden, Ark., a distance of 351 miles, by the construction of 6 locks and dams, with necessary dredging, and for removal of logs, wrecks and over- hanging trees, etc., between mouth of Black River and Arkadelphia, Ark., 417 miles, and for a channel 7 feet deep and of suitable width from the improved channel of the Ouachita River above dam No. 6 to the vicinity of the railroad bridge over Lake St. Mary, thence a canal of the same depth and 70 feet in width along the south side of the railroad embankment to high ground with a suitable turning basin near Felsenthal, a distance of 3,600 feet. The project also provides for operation and care of all locks and dams included therein. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, authorized the modi- fication of the existing project and the project for the Red River below Fulton, Ark., to provide a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the authorized 9-foot navigation project at mile 31 on the Red River to the mouth of Black River at mile 35.5, thence from the mouth of Black River to Camden, Ark., mile 351 on the Ouachita River, to be obtained by lengthening and deepening the 6 existing locks, channel realinement cutoffs where necessary, rehabilitation of the dams, dredging and contraction works, including the deepening of the Felsenthal Canal below the previously authorized depth. The location and description of the locks and dams which are included in the project are contained in the table following: Locks and dams, Ouachita River, Ark. and La. Greatest Depth Distance Above Width avail- t Eleva- on Year mouth able tion miter Character Kind opened of C Location No. narst nearest of 0 lock lock length econg- at normal sill at of found of dam Type of construction to co Cost Black for full pool normal tion navi- cm s H town River chamber width water surface pool gation of lock level Miles Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet M.S.L. 2 Harrisonburg, La -- _ 0. 1 73. 3 55 268 14. 4 21. 5 6. 9 Piling in Movable._ Concrete Poiree need- 1918 1921 $470, 395 tJ clay. le dam; steel miter- ing lock gates. 3 Riverton, La-....... 2. 0 134. 0 55 268 14. 8 36. 2 6. 5 Piling in d__do--- __......... _ ___.... 1919 1920 681,073 C sand. 4 Monroe, La-------.. --- 4. 0 178. 1 55 268 8. 9 44. 9 6. 5 __do __________do _____ .do- _---_---- 1915 1915 11,225,813 5 Sterlington Reach, La_ 0. 6 208. 3 55 268 6. 9 51. 7 6. 6 Piling in ___do ___ .. Concrete Chanoine 1924 1926 901, 096 clay. wicket dam; steel Fr mitering gates. 6 Near Felsenthal, Ark. 3. 3 238. 7 55 268 9. 7 61. 6 7. 6 Piling in ___do------......_ do__... 1913 1923 2 914,845 sand. 8 Near Calion, Ark ___ 10. 5 297. 5 55 268 13. 5 75. 1 6. 5 Piling in ___do_ .. _____..do______________... 1912 1926 3 915,446 clay. 1 Includes cost of original structure completed in 1915 at a cost of $641,630. Dam 2 Includes cost of original structure to June 30, 1919 ($559,539), and the cost of modifi- failed Aug. 10, 1917, and was rebuilt 1918-22 at a cost of $584,183 under permanent indefi- cations to permit elimination of lock and dam 7 ($355,305). C nite appropriation for operating and care of canals. Type of dam now is concrete Poiree 3 Includes actual cost of original structure to June 30, 1919 ($592,922) and the cost of needle pass and Chanoine wicket weir. modification to permit elimination of locks and dams 7 and 9 ($322,524). H ci r H C C3Y IH 520 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Floods ordinarily caused fluctuations of stage from 25 to 45 feet between high and low water. Extreme floods occasionally increase this range about 10 feet, The latest approved (1955) estimate of cost for new work is $20,100,000. The latest approved (1955) estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $500,000, of which $200,000 is for operation and care of locks and dams. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 Open-channel work from Arkadelphia to the mouth_- H. Ex. Doc. 60 pt. 4, 41st Cong.. 3d sess., Annual Report 1876, p. 336. July 5, 1884 Extension of open-channel work into Black River .. Annual Report, 1883, p. 1155. June 13,1902 Construction of locks and dams 4 and 6 (canalization Specified in act. work based on report contained in H. Doc. 448, 57th Cong., 1st sess.; Annual Report 1902, p. 1435). Mar. 2, 1907 Construction of locks and dams 2 and 8; elimination Do from the plan of lock and dam 1. June 25,1910 Obtaining sites for locks and dams 3 and 7 Do. July 25, 1912 Construction of locks and dams 3 and 7 ----- Do. Aug. 8,1917 Construction of lock and dam 5___ Do. Mar. 2, 1919 Modification of locks and dams 6 and 8 by raising Rivers and Harbors Committee their pool levels which with dredging obviates the Doc. 7, 65th Cong., 2d sess. necessity for constructing locks and dams 7 and 9. June 26, 19341 Operating and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 26,1937 For the 7-foot channel and construction of a canal Senate committee print, 75th 3,600 feet long to Felsenthal, Ark. Cong., 1st sess.2 Mar. 2, 1945 Modification of local cooperation by elimination of H. Doc. 104, 76th Cong., 1st sess. requirement for provision of highway from main highway system to the canal terminal, for Felsen- thal Canal. May 17, 1950 Modification of existing project to provide for 9-foot S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.2 channel and deepening of canal to Felsenthal, Ark. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 This document contains published maps. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and overflow and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction of the project and subsequent maintenance as and when required; bear the cost of alteration or replacement of existing highway bridges where necessary; provide adequate terminal and transfer facilities, open to all on equal terms; and hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works. Fully complied with for completed portions of the project. Terminal facilities. At Camden, Ark., there is a privately owned loading dock with a gasoline operated crane. At Calion, Ark., there is a privately owned conveyor and dock for unloading logs. At Champagnolle Landing there is a privately owned dock for the load- ing of gasoline into barges, and a new privately owned dock is under construction to be used in unloading liquid sulfur from barges and RIVERS AND HARBORS--VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 521 loading petroleum into barges. At Sterlington, La., there is a private loading dock for loading chemicals. At West Monroe, La., there is one privately owned warehouse. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging was done in the channel of the stream at 35 locations between Cam- den, Ark., and the mouth of Black River. A total of 614,001 cubic yards of material was moved by the U. S. cutterhead dredge No. 2. The six locks and dams were operated in a satisfactory condition throughout the fiscal year by hired labor. The total costs during the fiscal year were $487,809, of which $268,305 were for maintenance dredging, and $219,504 were for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project providing for a depth of 6.5 feet has been completed and is being maintained. New work under the modified project has not been started. The six locks and dams embraced in the existing project for slack- water improvement of the Ouachita River were completed in 1924 and provide navigation to Camden, Ark. (See table under existing project.) Construction of the canal to Felsenthal, authorized in 1937, has not been started. The head of navigation is Arkadelphia, Ark., to which point boats may occasionally run during high water if snags, overhanging trees, or similar obstructions do not interfere. From January to June the gage at Monroe generally exceeds pool stage (13.3 feet), caused by the river above, and minimum depths exceeding 7 feet are usual be- tween the mouth of Black River and Camden, Ark., a distance of 351 miles. At intervals during this period, the reading of the Camden gage exceeds 15 feet, and minimum depths of 7 feet may be expected between Camden and Arkadelphia. During the remainder of the year the pools furnished by the six dams, with moderate dredging in Black and Ouachita Rivers, provide depths of 6.5 feet between the mouth of Black River and Camden, Ark., and depths of only a few inches may be expected between Camden and Arkadelphia, Ark. At the end of the fiscal year project depth of 6.5 feet below mean low water was available between Camden, Ark., and the mouth of Black River. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year under the existing proj- ect were $4,574,551 for new work, $4,621,893 for maintenance, and $2,932,669 for operation and care of locks and dams, totaling $12,129,113. In addition, the sum of $2,940,952 was expended between January 25, 1913, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provision of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 522 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated------------------------- -- ---------- ----------------------- $5, 248, 619 Cost........---.....----------.....-----------.....--------------------- ----------------------- 5, 248, 619 Maintenance: Appropriated- .--------..... $430, 000 $185,000 $446, 300 $516, 000 $463, 008 10, 496, 676 Cost------------------ 525,871 243,140 431,642 519, 495 487, 809 10, 495, 514 1 Includes $674, 068 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------- $20, 100, 000 3. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amountto required Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Bayou Bartholomew, La. and Ark....------------ 1931 $45, 874 $42, 857 (1 2 3 7) 2. Bayous D'Arbonne and Corney, La-- ... _--__ 1941 19, 000 37, 804 (1 3 7) 3. Bear Creek, Miss_ ------------------------- 1920 3, 347 2, 086 (1 4 7) 4. Big Black River, Miss _--______-_-- ..... __ _ 1895 15, 000 (1 4 7) 5. Big Sunflower River, Miss ...------------------ 1942 560, 027 459, 328 (112 7) 6. Boeuf River, La___________-__ ________ _ 1949 30, 000 103, 737 (13 7 1013) 7. Homochitto River, Miss____...._______----._ 1910 15, 482 8, 518 (7) 8. Little Missouri River, Ark------------------ 1873 19, 992 ---------- - (1t 7) 9. Little River, La___--------------------------1890 2, 500 -------------- (14 711) 10. Little Tallahatchie River, Miss ---------- 1913 19, 000 ------ __--_ (1) 11. Mouth of Yazoo River, Miss-----------__ ---- 1953 1, 179, 211 145, 217 (1 14) 12. Removing snags and wrecks from the Missis- 1948 ...--......... 272, 500 (5) sippi River below the mouth of Missouri River and from the Old and Atchafalaya Rivers. 13. Saline River, Ark_______ ____ -________ - 1931 26, 900 12, 792 (1 3 4 7) 14. Steele and Washington Bayous and Lake 1947 19, 050 10, 110 (8) Washington, Miss. 15. Tallahatchie and Coldwater Rivers, Miss__ 1939 43, 481 173, 066 (1 I 7) 16. Tchula Lake, Miss_______________________ 1921 19, 385 26, 585 (1 7) 17. Tensas River and Bayou Macon, La_ ...... 1949 38, 367 85, 352 (1 10 14) 18. Yalobusha River, Miss_________-----------_ 1937 7, 000 15, 936 (1 4 5 7) 19. Yazoo River, Miss .....----------------------- _ 1947 359, 661 480, 605 (18 14) 1 Completed. 2 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 1692, 64th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 3 Channels adequate for existing commerce. 4 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 5 See report of the Mississippi River Commission for operations in connection with the Yazoo Basin flood-control project including channel clearing and rectification and Grenada Reservoir on Yalobusha River. 6 See report of the Mississippi River Commission for operations in connection with the Yazoo Basin flood-control project, including Sardis Dam and Reservoir, on the Little Tallahatchie River, Arkabutla Dam and Reservoir on Coldwater River, Enid Dam and Reservoir, on Yocoma River, and channel clearing on Tallahatchie and Little Tallahatchie Rivers. 7 Inactive project. No commerce reported. 8Abandonment recommended in H. Does. 1694, 64th Cong., 2d sess., and 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. See report of Mississippi River Commission for operations in connection with the Big Sunflower River, etc., Mississippi flood control project, including channel clearing and snagging in Steele Bayou. 9 No funds available under this project. Work is being carried on under appropriation Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries. 10Report of New Orleans district, pp. 919-920 for fiscal year 1949. 11Due to decline of traffic, local interests are no longer sufficiently interested to provide rights-of-way and dumping privileges. 12Project curtailment recommended by elimination of work between Pentecost and mouth of Hush- puckena River. (Abandonment of entire project erroneously recommended in H. Doc. No. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.) 13Project curtailment recommended by elimination of work above Girard, La. (Abandonment of entire project erroneously recommended in H. Doc. No. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.) 14Inactive. Channel adequate for commerce. FLOOD CONTROL---VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 523 4. OUACHITA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARK. AND LA. Location. Ouachita River rises in Polk County, Ark., and flows about 600 miles in a general southeasterly and southerly direction through Arkansas and Louisiana. It is joined by the Tensas and Little Rivers at Jonesville, La., below which place it is called Black River, and enters Red River 35.5 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps and Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Alluvial Valley quadrangle maps and folio of maps of the Ouachita-Black Rivers, Ark. and La., from Blakely Mountain Reservoir to Mississippi River including Old River and portion of Red River, scale 1: 62,500.) The Ouachita River Basin embraces about 25,000 square miles. Headwater streams drain about 3,500 square miles of rugged terrain of the Ouachita Mountains (including some 1,500 square miles of the Ouachita National Forest). Downstream the basin comprises about 21,500 square miles of hilly uplands and broad plains. Below River- ton, La., approximately 1,490 square miles are in the Red River backwater area. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (S. Doc. No. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), approved the general plan for flood control on Ouachita River and tributaries, Arkansas and Loui- siana, which provides for the construction of one multiple-purpose and one flood-control reservoir; protection works for three localities and channel improvement at several points. This act further au- thorized the incorporation into the general plan of the several sep- arate existing projects for flood control along the Ouachita River and tributaries in the basin above the lower end of the levees on the east bank of Ouachita River. The total Federal cost of the project (1955) is $50,195,985 for new work and is itemized in the following tables: New projects Pine Bluff Ark.4 Bayou Bartho- Calion, Ark. 2Local protection lomew, Ark. Bawcomville, La.2 and La.2 3 Location .__..... Ouachita River ____________ __________ ______ ____________. .. Ouachita River. Distance above 307 miles ______________________________ Mile 0-350 .-...... 180 miles. mouth. Type of structure... Levees and ap- Channel improve- Chamnnel improve- Loop levee, pumping purtenances. ment. ment. plants, floodgates. Estimated Federal cost: Construction _... $537,000___________ __ ______ $1,779,000 _________ $192,000. Lands and damages _ Total ... _.... _ ___ $41,000- -- .-- $537,000 s..-- ... . $170,5896 .------- . $1,820,000 s5_____ . $192,0001. For last full report ______-------- 1954____________..........1954 ____ ____ see annual report for- 1 Existing project authorized Aug. 18, 1941, and amended by Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. 2 Details presented in individual reports. 3 The work has not been started. 4 Completed. 3 1955. 6 Actual cost of completed work. 7 Being constructed under Sec. 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928. See annual report of the president, Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers. 8 1954. 524 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Incorporated projects RESERVOIRS Name--------...............-------------- Blakely Mountain, Ark. (Lake Narrows, Ark. (Lake Greeson). Ouachita).' 12 3 Stream ..--------.........----------------. Ouachita River__-------------- Little Missouri River. Nearest city ...-------------------- ot Springs, Ark . --- Murfreesboro, Ark. Distance above mouth----------- 486 miles ------------------- 105 miles. Height of dam and type ---------. 231 feet, earthfill -- ----------- 190 feet, concrete gravity. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet) ----- 2,768,000 ------------------ - 407,900. 17,000. Power development (kilowatts)-.... 75,000_-----_______----------------- Authorization (Flood Control Act) 1944__--------- -------------- 1941 and 1944. Estimated cost: Construction__--__............----------------.. 26,917,000 ....------------------- 11,383,000. Lands and damages ------------ 3,883,000 ...---- ------------_ 1,323,000. Total--. ..--------------------.$30,800,000 4.....................$12,706,000.8 1 Details presented in individual reports. 2 Feature of Little Missouri River Basin, Ark., project. 3 Completed. 4 1955. 8 Actual cost of completed project. FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Little Missouri River Basin, Ark.1 Existing levees and floodwalls and extensions thereto from Project Little Missouri Bastrop, La., Columbia, La.2 River below Ozan Creek, Terre Noire to mouth of Murfreesboro, Ark. Creek, Ark.2 Boeuf River Ark. and at West3 Monroe, La. Location---------- Tributary of ..........---------------- Tributary of-.---------- Ouachita Little Mis- Little Mis- River. souri River souri River at mile 73.2. at mile 2. Distance above mouth_ Mile 0-95 ... _ Mile 0-15 -- _. Mile 0-24.4_ _ _---------- _ Mile 120. Type of structure .-. Channl im- Chann I im- Channel im- Levees and Levee and ap- provement. provement. provement floodwalls. purtenances. and repair of levees. Authorization (Flood 1944 _--_....._ 1944------.......--- 1944---......_ 1928-50....... 1936. Control Act). Estimated Federal cost: Construction .----. 523,000 .----.... 63,000------- ------------ ----------- Lands and damages ---- Total ........----------. $523,000 ..-..- $63,0004- .. $123,700 a __--. $3,055,956 5 -_ $204,740.5 For last full report see ..........................................----------------.. 1954 ...... 1941. annual report for- 1Details presented in individual reports. 2 Completed. 3 Transferred from F. C. M. R. & T. 4 1955. 6 Actual cost of completed project. The projects for DeGray Reservoir, Ark., Murfreesboro Reservoir, Ark., and extension of floodwall at Monroe, La., are to be restudied and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of these projects was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $31,143,500. They are itemized in the following table: DeGray Reser- Murfreesboro Res- Extension of flood- Project voir, Ark. ervoir, Ark. wall at Monroe, La. Stream_ .____________________-- -- ___ ___ Caddo River __ ... Muddy Fork______ Ouachita River. Estimated construction cost __________- .- .. $26,817,500 _________ $4,190,000__________ $136,000. For last full report see Annual Report for- 1954_------------__ . 1954- - __- -_ 1954. FLOOD CONTROL-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 525 Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation for flood- control improvements within the basin have been met except for new projects authorized by the act of 1950 on which local interests have indicated their willingness to comply with requirements. (See indi- vidual statements for further details.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The operations during the fiscal year, together with costs for those projects on which work was in progress, are shown in individual reports. Condition at end of fiscal year. The condition of the various proj- ects on which work has been initiated is given in individual reports. 5. BLAKELY MOUNTAIN DAM ON OUACHITA RIVER, ARK. Location. The work covered by this project is at the head of Lake Hamilton (pool of Carpenter Dam) and approximately 10 miles northwest of Hot Springs, Ark., in Montgomery and Garland Coun- ties, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Previous project. Authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1938, this provided for participation by the United States in the cost of construction of a multiple-use reservoir not to exceed $2,000,000. No construction was undertaken. Existing project. This provides for construction of Blakely Moun- tain Dam on Ouachita River for flood control and other purposes in the Ouachita River Basin with a gross storage capacity of 2,768,000 acre-feet and power installation totaling 75,000 kilowatts (2 units at 37,500 kilowatts each). The latest approved (1955) estimate of cost is $30,800,000 for con- struction and $250,000 for annual maintenance and operation. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, and incorporated into the Ouachita River and tributaries project by the 1950 River and Harbor Act. (See H. Doc. 647, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work under continuing contract for construction of power plant was completed except for completion of installation of generators and turbines, electrical switch gear, miscellaneous painting and masonry work, and minor road con- struction. Delivery of electrical equipment under supply contracts was com- pleted. Construction of access roads at various points in the Lake Ouachita area was completed by hired labor. The completed works were maintained. The master plan for public-use facilities has been approved by Office, Chief of Engineers, as pertaining to the allocation of areas to be developed; however, the administration of lands as presented in the plan is being studied in Office, Chief of Engineers. There were 220,000 visitor-days for recreation. Costs during the fiscal year were $2,512,177 for new work and $129,- 520 for maintenance, totaling $2,641,697. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was ini- tiated in August 1947 and is complete except for completion of the powerplant and development of public-use facilities. 526 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $30,327,907 for new work and $167,247 for maintenance, totaling $30,495,154. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ....... $2, 800,000 $5, 700,000 $4, 018,000 $4, 957, 290 $2, 724, 710 $30,800,000 Cost---------_ - 4, 429, 348 3, 834, 464 4, 119, 651 7, 741, 197 2, 512, 177 30, 327, 907 Maintenance: Appropriated----- --------------------.........-- ------------............ 45, 000 127, 792 172, 792 Cost---------- ------------ 37, 727 129, 520 167, 247 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------_ $234, 740 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------- 234, 740 6. LITTLE MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Little Missouri River rises in the southeastern corner of Polk County, Ark., on the southern slope of the Missouri Mountains and flows in a southeasterly direction a distance of 147 miles in a tortuous course to enter the Ouachita River 27.6 miles above Camden, Ark. Terre Noire Creek rises in the Athens Plateau, midway between Arkadelphia and Amity in Clark County, and flows in a general southeasterly direction a distance of about 45 miles to enter Little Missouri River on the left bank 2 miles above the mouth of the parent stream. Ozan Creek, formed by the junction of North Fork, Middle Fork, and South Fork near Blevins, in Hempstead County, flows in a gen- eral northeasterly direction a distance of about 25 miles to join Little Missouri River on the right bank at mile 73.2 above the mouth. See U. S. Geological Survey State Map, scale 1: 500,000. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, approved the plan for the Narrows Reservoir for flood control and other purposes on the Little Missouri River, Ark., and for local flood protection on the main river below Murfreesboro, Ark., and on the Terre Noire and Ozan Creeks, as set forth in House Docu- ment 837, 76th Congress, 3d session, and authorized $3,000,000 for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the completion of the project for Little Missouri River in Arkansas. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of the Narrows Reservoir on the Little Missouri River above Murfreesboro, Ark., with a gross storage capacity of 407,900 acre-feet and a power- plant at the dam site with an initial installation of hydroelectric generating facilities having a capacity of 17,000 kilowatts and with provisions for future enlargement of those facilities; channel clearing and snagging on the Little Missouri River above the mouth of Ozan Creek, and the excavation of 31 cutoffs below the mouth of Ozan FLOOD CONTROL--VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 527 Creek; snagging of the channel of Terre Noire Creek between the Missouri-Pacific Railroa.d crossing and the mouth, the enlargement of 0.9 mile of silted creek channel, the repair of levee crevasses in the side levees, and the construction of required drainage ditches; and the excavation of 20 cutoffs on Ozan Creek between the lower end of the existing drainage ditches and the mouth. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the approved plan: Estimated cost Location Type of protection Federal Local Total Narrows Reservoir (Lake Gree- Reservoir and powerplant___ 1$12, 706, 000 - _ 1 $12, 706, 000 son) near Murfreesboro, Ark. Little Missouri River, Murfrees- Channel improvement-- - _ 2 523, 000 $25, 000 2 548, 000 boro, Ark., to mouth. Terre Noire Creek, Ark-...... Channel improvement and 123, 700 10,000 133, 700 repairs to levees. Ozan Creek, Ark-_-_-_-__--,,-- _ Channel improvement -.... 263, 000 8, 000 2 71, 000 1 Revised in 1954. 2 Revised in 1955. Local cooperation. None required for Narrows Reservoir (Lake Greeson). For channel improvements projects, local interests are required to furnish all rights-of-way necessary for the improvements without costs to the United States; maintain the works after com- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from or be occasioned by construction of the improve- ment. Fully complied with on Terre Noire Creek. For Little Mis- souri River below Murfreesboro and Ozan Creek, acquisition of rights-of-way by local interests is in progress. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Narrows Reservoir (Lake Greeson) : The facility was maintained and operated and generation of power was continued throughout the fiscal year. A total of 29,766,600 kilowatt-hours was produced, of which 29,396,800 kilowatt- hours were furnished the Southwestern Gas and Electric Company under contract between that company and the Southwestern Power Administration. There were 453,000 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1954, the flood-control pool was empty and storage in the power pool amounted to 159,900 acre-feet of water. Maximum pool elevation, 550.1 feet above mean sea level, or 2.1 feet above maximum power pool elevation, occurred March 24, 1955. Peak inflow was 25,000 cubic feet per second on March 20, 1955. On June 30, 1955, the flood control pool was empty and 182,600 acre-feet remained in the power pool. Ozan Creek: The work has not been started. Little Missouri River below Murfreesboro: The work has not been started. Costs during the fiscal year were $14,153 for new work and $189,731 for maintenance, totaling $203,884. Receipts from the sale of housing 363037-55--vol. 2---34 528 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 units at Narrows Reservoir were $15,000, resulting in a credit to the project of $847 for new work, and the total net costs of $188,884. Condition at end of fiscal year. Narrows Reservoir (Lake Gree- son) : The project was initiated in April 1946 and completed in Feb- ruary 1953. Generation of power, and maintenance and operation of the facility are continuing. Terre Noire Creek: The improvement is complete. Repairs to levees were accomplished with emergency funds. Ozan Creek: Preparation of plans and specifications is complete. Little Missouri River below Murfreesboro: Preparation of plans and specifications is complete. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $12,875,727 for new work and $899,410 for maintenance, totaling $13,775,137. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ..--------- $237, 805 $123, 509 $4, 500 -$3, 437 $503, 037 $13, 379, 765 Cost_----------------- 464, 841 77, 897 103, 670 8, 302 -847 12, 875, 727 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- 149, 000 170, 000 200, 000 201, 000 186, 200 906, 200 Cost__ _ ___---_ ----- 155, 257 169, 861 193, 213 198, 116 189, 731 899, 410 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------$504, 026 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______________________----__ -____ 504, 026 7. CALION, OUACHITA RIVER, ARK. Location. The work covered by this project is on the west bank of the Ouachita River near Calion, a small town in Union County, Ark., about 307 miles above the mouth of Black River and 13 miles northeast of El Dorado, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of levees and appurtenances for the protection of the town of Calion, Ark., Calion Lumber Co. property and Lake Calion. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost is $537,000 for con- struction. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 427, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), as amended by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish all rights-of-way necessary for the improvements without cost to the United States; maintain the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from or be occasioned by construction of the improvement. Local interests are prepared to furnish the required rights-of-way. FLOOD CONTROL-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 529 Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary work was initiated in fiscal year 1945 on preparation of plans, but was suspended in view of the statement of local interests that they were unable to comply with the requirements of local cooperation. The project was amended in fiscal year 1950 to include protection work for the ex- panded area, with the assurance of local interests that the require- ments for local cooperation will be met. Construction work has not been started. Emergency work, consisting of grading of the river- bank at the most critical point, laying riprap revetment along about 100 feet of riverbank and relocating about 1,500 linear feet of adjacent county road has been accomplished with flood control emergency funds. Costs to June 30, 1955, were $110 for new work. 8. BAYOU BARTHOLOMEW, ARK. AND LA. Location. The work covered by this project is located in south- east Arkansas and northeast Louisiana, and includes the channel of Bayou Bartholomew and its tributaries Deep Bayou and Overflow Creek. (For latest published map, see S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for intermit- tent clearing and snagging and closure of high-water outlets on the main stem; on Deep Bayou, the enlargement of the channel between miles 2 and 15 and the diversion of the stream by a canal into Bayou Bartholomew at a point 10 miles below its present mouth; and clearing and enlargement of the Overflow Creek channel below mile 23. The latest approved (1955) estimate of cost is $1,820,000. The project was authorized by River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish without cost to the United States all lands, rights-of-way, and easements necessary for construction of the project, bear the cost of construction of new highway bridges and of alteration or replacement of existing highway bridges where necessary; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works; and maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Operationsand results duringfiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work has not been started. 9. BAWCOMVILLE, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is at Bawcomville, La., a small town in Ouachita Parish, La., approximately 2 miles west of the Ouachita River and approximately 2 miles southwest of Monroe, La. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a loop levee, and supplementary drainage works consisting of a pumping plant, floodgates, and appurtenant ditches for the 530 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 protection of Bawcomville, La., as a feature of the Ouachita River and tributaries comprehensive plan for flood control. The latest approved (1955) estimate of cost is $288,000 including Government cost of $192,000 under section 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928, and $96,000 from contributed funds. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work under contract: for construction of two pumping plants and modification of floodgates= was initiated in October 1954 and is 35 percent complete. Government costs' were $37,350 under section 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928. In addition, costs from contributed funds amounted to $12,694. This work is also included in the annual report of the President, Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the Bawcomville new levee, involving the placement of 283,482 cubic yards of levee embankment and 234 linear feet of culvert pipe was completed November 21, 1950, with funds under section 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928. Work remaining to complete the project consists of completion of construction of two pumping plants and modification of floodgates. The total Government costs to the end of the fiscal year were $130,313. In addition, costs from contributed funds amounted to $43,808. 10. BIG BLACK RIVER, MISS. Location. The work covered by this project is on Big Black River, Miss., which flows into the Mississippi River about 25 miles below Vicksburg, Miss. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale: 1 :500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for improve- ment of the flood channel by means of channel clearing and suitable cutoffs from a point between Choctaw and Webster Counties, Miss.,. to the mouth, 325.6 miles. The project lessens the frequency and duration of floods on 180,000 acres of bottom lands. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22,, 1936. The cost of completed work was $910,185. The latest approved (1955) estimate of cost for annual maintenance: is $50,000. Local cooperation. None required. (Sec. 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Clearing and snagging: was completed on a total of 21.8 miles of the waterway. Cost of maintenance was $67,157. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was corn- pleted in 1941 and is being maintained. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $910,185 for new work and $664,742 for maintenance, totaling $1,574,770. FLOOD CONTROL-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 531 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated....------------------------------------------------------------ $910, 185 Cost--------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 910,185 :Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $16, 000 $13,400 $58, 000 $54, 400 $46, 750 665, 050 Cost-----------------36, 356 17, 737 63, 285 38,S22 67, 157 664, 742 11. HOMOCHITTO RIVER, MISS. Location. The project is located along the Homochitto River in Adams and Wilkinson Counties, Miss. (See Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps and Artonish, Woodville, and Kingston quadrangles.) Exisitng project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a number of cutoffs, aggregating approximately 5.8 miles in length, which will reduce the length of the river from Rosetta, Miss., to its mouth from 37.7 miles to 30.6 miles; construction of small earth dams at points where the new cutoffs leave and reenter the existing channel; clearing and snagging operations along both banks from mile 1 to mile 35; and blasting along sides and bottoms of the channel where its development is retarded by stumps or hard non- erodible clay strata. The project results in clearing the riverbed and banks of obstruc- tions, shortening the channel, and producing a more uniform slope, thereby resulting in faster runoff of floodwaters in the basin, mini- mizing the damage to crops and highways and making practicable more general use of farm and timber lands which have been hitherto subject to frequent extended inundation. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports .June 22, 1936 Small earth dams at heads of minor tributaries and None. channel improvement for flood control. June 28, 1938 Additional channel improvements and related works Do. for flood control. Aug. 18,1941 Additional channel improvements and related works Do. for flood control on main river and tributaries. The cost of completed work was $205,000. The latest (1954) esti- mate of cost for annual maintenance is $5,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. Flood emergency opera- tions, consisting of the removal of drift racks, were accomplished. Stream gaging, surveys, studies, and planning were continued with maintenance funds. Cost of maintenance was $10,364. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1948 and is being maintained. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $205,000 for new work and $139,618 for maintenance, totaling $344,618. 532 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated------------------------------------------.........------...........------------........... $205, 000 Cost....-------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------ 205, 000 Maintenance: Appropriated_----_ __-------- -$13, 400 ------------ $600 $9, 750 139,950 Cost-----__ ........ $3, 085 1,618 $1, 998 1, 636 10, 364 139, 618 12. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATIONS Snagging and Clearingof Navigable Streams and tributariesin the Interests of Flood Control (Section 1. of the 1946 Flood ControlAct). The sum of $50,000 was made available during the fiscal year under this heading for the improvement of Mill Bayou, La., from the mouth to mile 4.80. Work under contract, involving 1.04 miles clearing and snagging and 190,000 cubic yards of channel excavation, was initiated January 7, 1955, and is 47 percent complete. The total costs during the fiscal year were $23,236 for new work. Total Government costs to the end of the fiscal year were $834,777. In addition, costs from contributed funds amounted to $17,128. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--------...... $111, 195 $40, 130 $95, 000 -$9, 603 $50, 000 $861, 541 Cost..----------------- 11, 261 122, 938 64, 564 57, 715 23, 236 834, 777 1 Does not include costs from contributed funds, $17,128. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------ $9, 133 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__---------------------------------------------- 9, 133 13. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Buffalo River, Miss .....------------------------ 1940 ........... ------- 2 $235,000 2. Emergency BRank Protection (section 14 of 1953 $107,816 ..................... 1946 Flood Control Act). 3. Flood Control Emergencies-Repair and 1953 8 566, 628 $4, 504, 360 ........... Flood Fighting and Rescue Work (sec. 210 of 1950 Flood Control Act). 11955. 2Deferred indefinitely because of insufficient justification under present conditions. 8Does not include $4,677 from contributed funds. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 533 14. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of examinations and surveys during the fiscal year was $30,360 for completion of studies in connection with the participation of the Vicksburg district in the preparation of the Arkansas-White- Red River Basins report. The cost of collection of basic data during the fiscal year was $881. The balance unexpended, $373, will be applied to continuation of collection of basic data. The additional sum of $10,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1956. 15. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Storm studies: Routine work was continued on storm studies as- signed to this district. A preliminary investigation was made of data on the March 1955 storm in the Yazoo River Basin. Flood investigations: Flood-damage surveys were made of the May 1954 and the March and April 1955 floods in the Ouachita and Yazoo River Basins. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southeastern Missouri and southern Illinois, the western portions of Kentucky and Tennessee, a small portion of northern Mississippi, and northeastern Arkansas. It includes the area embraced in the drainage basins of the eastern tributaries of the Mississippi River south of the Ohio River Basin to Nonconnah and Horn Lake Creeks, inclusive, and those of the western tributaries south of the Little River Diversion Channel and Com- merce, Mo., including the St. Francis River Basin, and the White River and tributaries below Peach Orchard Bluff, Ark., on the right bank and this basin below Augusta, Ark., on the left bank. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Wolf River (Memphis Har- 5. Other authorized flood con- bor), Tenn_ __- ______- _ 535 trol --------------------- 540 2. Other authorized navigation 6. Flood control work under projects_ ---------------- 537 special authorization------ 540 Flood control General investigations 3. Memphis, Wolf River, and 7. Examinations and surveys__- 542 Nonconnah Creek, Tenn___ 537 8. Collection and study of basic 4. Mounds and Mound City, Ohio River Basin, Ill__--- 538 data_ -- .- _____-----542 1. WOLF RIVER (MEMPHIS HARBOR), TENN. Location. Wolf River rises in Benton County, Miss., and flows generally northwesterly about 100 miles, through Shelby County, Tenn., emptying into the Mississippi River within the corporate limits of the city of Memphis, Tenn. (See Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps, scale 1: 62,500, and scale 1: 500,000.) Previous projects. The River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, authorized dredging at the mouth of Wolf River as an item in the improvement of Memphis Harbor, the work being carried out under the supervision of the Mississippi River Commission. Existing project. This provides for a channel 9 feet deep at low water from its mouth to Hindman Ferry Road (5.5 miles) with bot- tom widths of 250 feet from the mouth to Keel Avenue (mile 1.75) and 200 feet from Keel Avenue to North Second Street Road (mile 3.5), and thence 125 feet wide from North Second Street Road to Hindman Ferry Road. The portion of the project from the river mouth up to mile 3.0 is completed and maintained. The latest (1954) approved estimate of 535 536 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 cost for annual maintenance for this reach is $105,000. The remain- ing upstream portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $900,000. The work of improvement up to mile 3.0 under the existing project was authorized September 6, 1933, by the Public Works Administra- tion. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Docs. 26, 72d Cong., 1st sess. and 45, 74th Cong., 1st sess.) Sketch maps are printed in the project documents. Local cooperation. The work under the existing project is subject to the condition that local interests shall furnish, free of cost to the United States, all rights-of-way required for channel enlargement and straightening, and suitable areas with retaining levees where needed for disposal of dredged material during initial construction and future maintenance as and when needed, and shall furnish assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of Army saving the United States free from damages resulting from the work. The work is also subject to the provision that no works shall be undertaken on any section of the channel through or above any bridge until such bridge has been altered in a manner satisfactory to the Secretary of Army, without cost to the United States. The conditions as pertaining to the im- provement up to mile 3.0 have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 24 terminals in the lower 3 miles of Wolf River. Five terminals are operated by common carriers, 3 by contract carriers, and 16 are operated privately. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging during the fiscal year 1955 was conducted with one leased plant and one Government dredge. The leased dredge Burlington moved a total of 1,176,700 cubic yards of material and the government dredge Potter moved 54,824 cubic yards of material in maintaining a channel of project dimensions. The total costs for the year were $216,196. Condition at end of fiscal year. The portion of the existing project to mile 3.0 is complete and at the end of the fiscal year ample depths existed in the channel below a point 900 feet above Hall Street. Proj- ect depth at low water is maintained by dredging as required. Exclusive of maintenance dredging done during the fiscal year 1936 with Mississippi River funds which were included in the annual report of the Mississippi River Commission for that year under the caption "dredges and dredging," the total costs to June 30, 1955, were $2,149,446, of which $586,500 were from Public Work funds for new work, $1,545,446 were from regular funds for maintenance, and to cover the cost of retaining levees required of local interests, there have also been costs charged to contributed funds amounting to $17,500. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT 537 Cost and flnancial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.----.. ------------ ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $586, 500 Cost----------- -------------------------------------------------------- 1586, 500 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $77, 761 $95, 000 $88, 730 $197, 351 $253, 200 1, 587, 928 Cost__ - 91, 621 91, 931 90, 056 193, 617 216, 196 1, 545, 446 1In addition, $17,500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Estiamount Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. St. Francis and L'Anguille 5 Rivers and Black- fish Bayou, Ark. -....-------------------- 1943 $92, 000. 34 $300, 449. 43 (1) 2. Obion River, Tenn.' 6-.- -----..... 1911 28, 716. 75------.- (3) 3. Forked Deer River, Tenn., including South Fork.5_-------------.----------. 1912 25, 000. 00 12, 818. 50 (1) 4. Removing snags and wrecks from the Missis- sippi River below the mouth of Missouri River and from the Old and Atchafalaya Rivers........-- .......................... 1948- ..--- .. - 318, 833.56 (4) 5. White River, Ark. (below Peach Orchard Bluff).7 .............. ... ................. 1951 25, 000. 00 1, 360, 578.97 (1) 1 Existing project is for maintenance only. 2 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 3 New work completed. 4 No funds available under this project. Work is being carried on under "Appropriation, flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries." 5Inactive. No commerce. 8 Completed. 9 Inactive channel adequate for commerce. 3. MEMPHIS, WOLF RIVER, AND NONCONNAH CREEK, TENN. Location. The work covered by this project lies within and ad- jacent to the city of Memphis in Shelby County, Tenn., on the left bank of Wolf River and the right bank of Nonconnah Creek from the confluence of these streams with the Mississippi River upstream for approximate distances of 10 and 4 miles, respectively. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Tennessee, scale 1: 500,000, and Missis- sippi River Commission alluvial valley maps, scale 1: 62,500 and 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system (eight sections) of levees, floodwalls, and bank protection, consisting of the following features: About 22,000 feet of earth levee and 2 concrete railroad floodgates along the right bank of Nonconnah Creek, extending from high ground near Ten- nessee Chute south of Riverside Park to high ground at Bodley Avenue east of Prospect Street; about 15,600 feet of concrete flood- wall, and 31,500 feet of earth levee along the left bank of Wolf River, extending from downtown Memphis to high ground near 538 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Douglas Park; construction of 6 new pumping stations and 8 stor- age reservoirs with appurtenant works for the disposal of interior drainage; and the construction of a culvert under North Bellevue Boulevard near Cypress Creek for the enlargement of the Cypress Creek Reservoir. The project will provide protection, with 3 feet freeboard, for the city of Memphis and adjacent areas against a Mississippi River flood of 54.5 feet stage, or 4.1 feet higher than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in February 1937. The project was adopted by the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, and so modified by the War Department Civil Appropriation Act approved June 28, 1939, that the cost of providing pumping sta- tions and outlet works for interior drainage shall be borne by t.h United States, and further amended by the Flood Control Act ap,- proved July 24, 1946, to increase the total estimated cost of the pro- ject by $1,500,000. The current (1955) estimated cost of construction, is $11,500,000. Local cooperation. General assurances given by the city of Mem- phis and Shelby County, Tenn., were approved by the Secretary of War on August 2, 1938. All rights-of-way for the project have been provided by local interests with the exception of section 5 and subsections 1-A and 1-E. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Planning and design were continued during the year for.sections of the project not yet com- pleted. Section 1-C is complete. Section 1-B is about 62 percent complete. The costs for the year were $718,637, all for new work. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Sections 8, 7, 6, 4, 2, and 1-D levees, section 1-C, and 3 wall, Nonconnah Creek, Cypress Creek, May Street, Workhouse Bayou, Fairfax and Marble Bayou pumping stations, and appurtenant works have been turned over to local interests for main- tenance and operation. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $9,594,570, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated...--------- $500, 000 $750, 000 $697, 000 $400,000 $502, 690 $10, 138, 390 Cost----------------- 537, 186 476, 187 172, 261 919, 493 718, 637 9, 594, 570 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------ $9, 089 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 9, 089 4. MOUNDS AND MOUND CITY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, ILL. Location. This project is located in Pulaski and Alexander Coun- ties, Ill., on the right bank of the Ohio River and about 8 miles above the mouth. Ewisting project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees and concrete flood walls and channel FLOOD CONTROL--MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT 539 diversion, consisting of the following features: The Ohio River sec- tion, including 4,860 feet of new earth levee, 20,120 feet of levee en- largement, and 785 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground about 3 miles north of Mound City along the river side of State Highway No. 37 and the right bank of the Ohio River to a point about 2,000 feet northwest of the mouth of Cache River; the Cache River diversion, unit 1, including the construction of 4,830 feet of new earth levee, and unit 2, including the construction of 600 feet of new earth levee, and unit 3, including the construction of 2,450 feet of new earth levee extending downstream along the Ohio River from the lower end of the Ohio River section across the old bed of the Cache River to the northeast corner of the Cairo drainage district levee, construction of 1 new highway bridge and 2 new railroad bridges across the diversion channel, 2 pumping plans for disposal of interior drainage, and other appurtenant structures. Units 1 and 2 of the 'Cache River diversion include construction of a new earth levee from high ground just east of the upstream end of the diversion channel to the northwest corner of the existing Cairo drainage dis- trict levee. The project will provide protection for Mounds and Mound City, Ill., and about 8,600 acres of agricultural land against Ohio and Mississippi River floods equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in 1937. The estimated cost of :the project (1954) is $1,060,056, exclusive of pumping plants for which the need has not been definitely deter- mined, and of which an amount not exceeding $635,000 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $9,300. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Provisions of section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, apply to the diversion of the Cache River and the adjacent levee; whereas the provisions of section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22,1936, apply to the remaining levees and flood walls. However, the City of Mounds, Ill., has re- cently furnished assurances and has assumed the obligation of main- t ing the Cache River diversion levee. Rights of way for the levee and flood wall were accepted on June 7, and July 25, 1940. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in June 1940 and at the end of the fiscal year was complete, exclusive of pumping plants. The work remaining consists of the construction of the pumping plants. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,035,290 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated----------------- --- $4, 590........ $1, 060, 056 Cost__...----------- $178, 477 60, 415 $5i, 082 $2, 202 ---------- 1,035, 290 540 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 5. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Clarendon to Laconia Circle, White River 1937 --------------------------- $8,960,000.2 Basin, Ark.' 2 2. Big Creek and L'Anguille River, White River 1937 -------------------------- $86,000. Basin, Ark.' 3. Flood control work under authority of sec. 205 1952 $62, 821.43 ----- Completed. of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, as amended. 1 Inactive, awaiting local cooperation. 2 1937 estimate. 6. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Funds were made available during fiscal year 1955 ($40,000) for snagging and clearing on Little River, East Floodway Ditch (St. Francis River Tributary), Ark. A contract has been awarded but no work started. Channel clearance, consisting of removal of snags, drift, and other debris by contract was accomplished on 6.2 miles of Float Road Slough (Cache River Tributary), Ark. The total cost for this work amounted to $34,573. Total channel clearance work performed to June 30, 1955, is as follows: Miles Hatchie River (and its tributaries), Tenn. and Miss------------------184. 2 Obion River (and its tributaries), Tenn------------------------------245.0 Mayleld GCreek, Ky------------------------------------------------- 5.0 Loosahatchie River, Tenn------------ ------------------------------- 3. 1 St. Francis River (and its tributaries), Ark--------------------------- 3.6 Cache River (and its tributaries), Ark-------------------------------- 6.2 The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $1,068,326 of which $1,028,326 was from regular funds and $40,000 from Emergency Relief funds. Cost and ftnancial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-....... $99, 500 $129, 860 $84, 402 $13, 589 $24, 573 $1, 105, 549 Cost_ - .----..--- 29, 935 16, 033 202, 734 89, 961 33, 316 1, 068,326 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $16, 524 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ __ _______ _______ _ ____ 16, 524 FLOOD CONTROL--MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT 541 Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Funds were made available during fiscal year 1955 ($50,000) for emergency bank protection work in Oak Donnick Floodway, Ark., for the protection of U. S. Highway No. 63 bridge. The cost of work for the year was $20,345. The work is complete and the total costs were $20,520. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--......... ------------------------------------ $50, 000 -$29, 480 $20, 520 Cost------------- ---------------------------------- 175 20,345 20,520 Flood control emergencies repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). The total costs of work performed under this authorization during the fiscal year were $5,720. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $2,811,068. Operation and maintenance, general-Floodcontrol emergencies- Repair and flood fighting and rescue work-Emergency repairs, Mississippi River, Dyer County Levee, Tenn. (First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1949). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated $19, 529 $30, 000 . ... . -$2, 000 -$3, 035 $179, 494 Cost ----------------- 32, 487 103, 352 $8, 044 11, 120 5, 720 175, 033 Flood control emergencies-Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $162, 879 $15, 198 -$870 -$2, 000 -$3, 036 $2, 815, 529 Cost ----------------- 258, 331 118, 064 8, 044 11, 120 5, 720 2, 811, 068 542 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 7. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work during the fiscal year was $24,505 and the unex- pended balance was $3,405. The unexpended balance plus an antici- pated allocation of $20,000 will be applied to reports under way. The additional sum of $50,000 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1957. 8. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The cost of work for collection and study of basic data for the fiscal year was $7 and the unexpended balance was $122. The unexpended balance will be used as needed. The additional sum of $600 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1957. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT This district comprises those portions of southwestern Illinois and eastern Missouri embraced in the drainage basin of the Mississippi River and its western tributaries, exclusive of the Missouri River, between the mouth of the Ohio River and mile 300 above the same, and of its eastern tributaries to Hamburg Bay at mile 261 on the left bank, exclusive of the tributary basin of the Illinois Waterway upstream of the new La Grange lock and dam at mile 80.15 above the confluence of the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers. The district also includes the drainage basin in Missouri tributary to the Little River diversion channel. Report on Mississippi River between the Mis- souri River and mile 300 is included in the report on Mississippi River between Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn. Report on that por- tion of the Illinois River downstream of the new La Grange lock and dam is included in report on Illinois Waterway, Ill., contained in the report of the district engineer, Chicago, Ill. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Mississippi River between 16. Fort Chartres and Ivy Land- the Ohio and Missouri ing drainage district No. Rivers___ 544 5, Ill_ 559 2. Mississippi River between 17. Harrisonville and Ivy Land- the Missouri River and ing drainage and levee dis- Minneapolis, Minn. (St. trict No. 2, Ill_________ 560 Louis district)_ 547 18. Columbia drainage and levee 3. Illinois Waterway, Ill. (St. district No. 3, Ill ....... 560 Louis district) 547 19. Wilson and Wenkel and 4. Other authorized navigation Prairie du Pont drainage projects _ 547 and levee districts, Ill - - 561 20. East St. Louis and vicinity, Flood control Ill-- 563 21. Chouteau, Nameoki, and 5. East Cape Girardeau and Venice drainage and levee Clear Creek drainage dis- district, Ill______ 564 trict, Ill_ 547 22. Wood River drainage and 6. Cape Girardeau, Mo ...... 548 levee district, Ill_ 565 7. North Alexander drainage 23. Urban areas-Alton, Ill___ 566 and levee district, Ill_ -.- 549 24. Carlyle Reservoir, Upper 8. Clear Creek drainage and Mississippi River Basin, levee district, Ill _____--- 550 Ill- 566 9. Miller Pond drainage dis- 25. Upper Mississippi River Ba- trict, Ill_ 551 sin, St. Louis district - 568 10. Preston drainage and levee 26. Other authorized flood con- district, Ill__ 552 trol projects_ 569 11. Grand Tower drainage and 27. Inspection of completed levee district, Ill_ . -- . 553 works, flood control proj- 12. Degognia and Fountain Bluff ects- 570 levee and drainage dis- 28. Flood control work under trict, Ill_ 554 special authorization 570 13. Perry County drainage and levee districts Nos. 1, 2, General investigations and 3, Mo_ 555 14. Prairie du Rocher and vicin- 29. Examinations and surveys__ 571 ity, Ill ___ 556 30. Collection and study of basic 15. Stringtown-Fort Chartres data_ 571 and Ivy Landing, Ill .... 558 363037-55-vol. 2 35 543 544 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE OHIO AND MISSOURI RIVERS Location. The Mississippi River rises in Lake Itasca, Minn., and, from that lake flows in a southerly direction about 2,350 miles and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The portion included in this report embraces the 195-mile section known as the middle Mississippi, between the tributary Ohio and Missouri Rivers, about 984 to 1,179 miles from the Gulf. See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis. Previous projects. The original project for the improvement of the Mississippi River between the Ohio and Missouri Rivers was recommended by a board of engineers in a report, dated April 13, 1872, and concurred in by the Chief of Engineers. For further details, see page 1879 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 1014 of the Annual Report for 1938. Exidting project. This provides for obtaining and maintaining a minimum channel depth of not less than 9 feet, a minimum width of not less than 300 feet at low water, with additional widths in bends from the mouth of the Ohio River (about 984 miles from the Gulf) to the northern boundary of the city of St. Louis, 191 miles; thence 200 feet wide, with additional width in bends to the mouth of the Missouri River, 4 miles; to be obtained: First, by regulating works, for closing sloughs and secondary channels, and narrowing the river; by building new banks where the natural width is excessive and pro- tecting new and old banks from erosion where necessary to secure per- manency; second, by dredging or other temporary expedients to main- tain channels of project dimensions; third, by construction of works authorized for the Chain of Rocks reach in the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, which approved a comprehensive plan for develop- ment of the Mississippi River at Chain of Rocks so as to provide for construction of a lateral canal at an estimated first cost to the United States of approximately $10,290,000, with annual maintenance and operation cost of $70,000, subject to such modification as the Chief of Engineers may find necessary when the project is undertaken; and to authorize the relocation of the river channel and reclamation of the area in Sawyer Bend for airport, park, recreational, and similar pur- poses at a cost to local interests of approximately $17,555,000: Pro- vided, That any modification of the present river channel required by the civic development be deferred until completion of the lateral canal in the interest of navigation and that the river diversion work connected with such civic development be under the supervision of the Chief of Engineers in order to insure that the interests of interstate and foreign commerce be properly protected: And further provided, That local interests hold and save the United States free from any claims for damages that might be incurred due to the construction, maintenance, or operation of such civic development or any part thereof (H. Doc. 231, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) ; and a small boat harbor opposite Chester, Ill. at estimated first costs of $57,000 to the United States and $58,700 to local interests. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $98,100,000. The esti- mated annual cost of maintenance (1955) is $1,800,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 545 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents -- Project for regulating works adopted in 1881. (To Annual Report, 1881, p. 1536. obtain a minumum depth of 8 feet.) June 3, 1896 June 13,1902 Dredging introduced as part of the project ........... Mar. 2, 1907 Mar. 3,19051 These acts practically abrogated that part of the Mar. 2,19071 project for the middle Mississippi which proposed regulating works. June 25, 1910 Regulating works restored to the project and appro- H. Doc. 50, 61st Cong., 1st sess., priations begun with a view to the completion of and H. Doc. 168, 58th Cong., the improvement between the Ohio and Missouri 2d sess. 2 Rivers within 12 years at an estimated cost of $21,000,000, exlusive of amounts previously ex- pended. Jan. 21, 1927 For a depth of 9 feet and width of 300 feet from the Rivers and Harbors Committee, Ohio River to the northern boundary of the city of Doc. 9, 69th Cong., 2d sess. St. Louis, with the estimated cost of maintenance increased to $900,000 annually. July 3, 1930 Project between the northern boundary of the city of Rivers and Harbors Committee, St. Louis and Grafton (mouth of Illinois River) Doc. 12, 70th Cong., 1st sess. modified to provide for a channel 9 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide with additional width around bends, at an estimated cost of $1,500,000, with $125,000 annually for maintenance. Mar. 2,1945 Modified to provide for construction of a lateral canal H. Doc. 231, 76th Cong., 1st sess. with lock at Chain of Rocks, at an estimated first cost to the United States of about $10,290,000, with $70,000 annually for maintenance and operation. Sept. 3,1954 Modified to provide for construction of a small-boat H. Doc. 230, 83d Cong., 1st sess. harbor opposite Chester, Ill., at an estimated first cost to the United States of $57,700, and to local in- terests of $58,700. 1 Also joint resolution, June 29, 1906. 2 Contains latest published map. See House Document 669 (76th Cong., 3d sess.) for report of Chief of E'ngineers dated February 27, 1940, containing a general plan for improvement of the Mississippi River between Coon Rapids Dam and the mouth of the Ohio River for purposes of navigation, power development, the control of floods, and the needs of irrigation. Terminal facilities. Most of the water terminal and transfer facili- ties of the district are described in volumes 1 and 4 of the four-volume report of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, entitled "Survey of Terminals and Landings on the Inland Waterways of the United States." Operationsand results during fiscal year. Construction works were carried on by contract and by hired labor with G'overnment plant, weather conditions and river stages being favorable for construction during the year. Regulating works were maintained, and project dimensions of channels were secured by dredging. New work: Costs of $375,572 were incurred on the improvement at Chain of Rocks as follows: By contract, construction of canal, $190,052; construction of guide wall and locks (including claim), $97,198; construction of relief wells, $1,568; purchase of portable pumps, $8,046; purchase of land, -$2,280; and liquidated damages, -$27,400. By hired labor, engineering and design, $32,530; other distributive costs, $34,072; claims, investigations and studies, $4,783; real estate expense, appraisals, condemnations, mapping and survey: ing, $10,621; miscellaneous work, $22,367; and adjustment, $4,014. 546 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Maintenance: Dikes (11,660 linear feet) and revetments (3,300 linear feet) were repaired by hired labor at a cost of $554,909; and 4,500 linear feet of dikes were repaired by contract at a cost of $143,569. The required 9-foot channel was maintained by two United States hydraulic dredges. Channel dredging was performed at 27 localities, removing 3,223,829 cubic yards of material from the main channel at a cost of $703,525. The channels dredged had a combined length of 17.94 miles, an average width of 289.7 feet, and an average gain in depth of 6.64 feet. Hydrographic (dredge) surveys were made covering 165 miles of river and costing $18,648. Aids to navigation were installed at a cost of $32,273. Other miscellaneous costs were cooperative hydroclimatic network (rain gages), $3,868; gages, $19,022; cooperative stream gaging, $16,573; miscellaneous, $37,607; and adjustment, -$8,667, all charged to maintenance. The cost of operation and care of locks No. 27 (and the canal) was $129,221. The total cost of all maintenance, including operation and care, was $1,650,548. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in 1881, and the project has been in beneficial use prac- tically from its inception. Work under the project (including the Chain of Rocks canal) is about 83 percent complete. The quantities required to complete the project are estimated at 125,440 linear feet of dikes, 129,705 linear feet of revetment, 280,000 cubic yards of rock removal, and minor items of work at Chaii of Rocks. Dikes and revetments were in poor condition along some reaches of river due to critical damage inflicted by heavy ice flows during the winter of 1950-51 and by floods in spring and summer of 1951. The channel as a whole has been greatly improved by the work that has been com- pleted to date. Dredging is required at low stages to remove tempo- rary shoals and maintain the required channel depths. The project dimensions of channels have generally been maintained throughout the navigation season. The navigation season formerly extended from the middle of February to the middle of December, the river being generally closed by ice the remainder of the year. However, in recent years increased demands of commerce and the use of steel hull boats have combined to extend the navigation season throughout the year except when blocked by heavy running ice or gorges. The river is generally above the 10-foot stage, St. Louis gage, for 6 months of the year, latter part of February to latter part of August, during which time project channel depths generally prevail without dredging. The mean stage of the river, St. Louis gage, was 4.56 feet for the fiscal year 1954 and 6.94 feet for the fiscal year 1955. The costs and expenditures under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: Regular Public Emergency funds Works funds repair funds Total New work ....----------- ...........------------------- $76, 950, 308 $3, 462, 154 $996, 748 $81, 409, 210 Maintenance --- _ .-------------------------.-- 39, 101, 273 --------- 39, 101, 273 Operation and care .....-------------------------- 396, 026 ---------------------------- 396, 026 Totals.. .... ..------------ .......---------------- 116, 447, 607 3, 462, 154 996, 748 120, 906, 509 RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 547 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated......... $8, 830, 000 $5, 000, 000 $1, 143, 000 . $286, 500 $83, 457, 642 Cost--....----------- 8, 449, 126 2, 263, 874 4, 293, 137 $747, 429 375, 572 82, 825, 830 Maintenance: Appropriated- ....... 901, 800 1, 365, 200 1, 457, 950 1, 994, 072 1, 533, 000 39, 498, 360 Cost-.... 806, 920 1, 269, 562 1, 756, 766 1, 877, 112 1, 650, 548 39, 497, 299 1Includes $1,416,620 for new work in previous project. 2 In addition $87,083 for new work and $31,417 for maintenance were expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ $359, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------__ __ ______ 4 14, 283, 358 8 Of this amount $321,700 is for claims; this would complete Chain of Rocks Canal. 4 Needed to complete regulating works. 2. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. (ST. LOUIS DISTRICT) See report, "Mississippi River between the Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn.," page 1075. 3. ILLINOIS WATERWAY, ILL. (ST. LOUIS DISTRICT) See report, "Illinois Waterway, Ill.," page 1137. 4. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1 1. Cuivre River, Mo. 2________________________ 1883 $12, 000 ------------- Inactive. 2. Kaskaskia River, 111.2 3-.--....--.--------. 1896 10, 461 .. Completed, ..-------------- inactive. 1 River declared nonnavigable by act of Mar. 23, 1900. 2 No commerce reported. 3 By authority of the Chief of Engineers, dated Dec. 12, 1895, this work was dropped from the duties in charge of the St. Louis district (Annual Report, Chief of Engineers, 1896, p. 1761). 5. EAST CAPE GIRARDEAU AND CLEAR CREEK DRAINAGE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in the north end of Alexander County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 46 and 57 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the river on the west and south, the old channel of Clear Creek on the north, and the Illinois Central Railroad on the east. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the entire levee system consisting of 10 miles of riverfront levee and 0.9 mile of back levee, all of which was previously constructed by the 548 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 United States, and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage and closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, seepage corrective measures, and altering rail- roads at one levee crossing. This project when completed will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combi- nation with and upon completion of authorized work in the Miller Pond, the North Alexander, the Clear Creek, and the Preston drain- age and levee districts, protection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year fre- quency. The estimated total construction cost (1955), including $207,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repair, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $2,085,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurance of local cooperation approved by the county court of Alexander County, Ill., was approved by the Secretary of War on July 30, 1940. Local interests have provided evidence of acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for construc- tion of work completed to interim grade and work now under con- struction to design grade. Local interests have informally indicated that they will be able to fulfill requirements of local cooperation for the remaining work features as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $34,684 for preliminary engineering and design, and $25,145 for other distributive costs. Work by contract consisted of borrow pit correc- tive measures, $129,974;, miscellaneous by hired labor, $20,636; stone dike repair, $14,325; and adjustment -$420. Total costs for the fiscal year were $224,345. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in July 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1941. Work under the project is about 78 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $1,618,393. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------....... $270, 000 $500, 000 $224,000-_-- . $190, 665 $1, 795, 712 Cost ------------------ 47, 346 94, 020 605, 671 $138, 964 224, 345 1, 618, 393 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ..---- $38, 376 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----- 289, 300 6. CAPE GIRARDEAU, MO. Location. This project is in Cape Girardeau County, Mo., on the right bank of Mississippi River between river miles 49 and 53, above the Ohio River. The area to be protected includes the low lying lands along the river front of Cape Girardeau between the river and the bluffs. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Miissssippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 549 Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a series of earth levees and concrete floodwalls including essential railroad and street alterations, necessary sewer alterations, construction of pumping plants, and drainage and closure structures. The project, when completed, will afford protection to the low lying area of Cape Girardeau, Mo., against a flood of about 180-year fre- quency. The estimated total construction cost, revised in 1955, is $8,415,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 204, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation have been re- ceived from two local improvement districts organized and known as the Main Street levee improvement district and the North Main Street levee improvement district. Local interests have also furnished other data showing financial and legal ability to carry out their obligations and have agreed to contribute $255,000 toward construction cost of the work. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Costs incurred were $46,000 for preparation of definite project report and design subse- quent to the definite project report. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing proj- ect has not been started. Total costs to June 30, 1955, were $224,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------------------$100,000 $40, 000 $50, 000 $40,000 $230, 000 Cost--......... _- _-__------ . 38, 242 87, 885 51,873 46, 000 224, 000 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - $750, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project___ -______- _______-- --- _ 7, 435, 000 7. NORTH ALEXANDER DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILL. Location. This project is in the north end of Alexander County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 51 and 58 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the Clear Creek drainage and levee district on the north, the bluffs on the east, and the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district on the south and west. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the entire levee system consisting of 5.2 miles of levee, which was pre- viously reconstructed by the United States, and the construction of appurtenant works such as gravity drainage structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, provision of seepage corrective measures, and altering the railroads at one levee crossing. The proj- ect when completed will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of au- 550 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 thorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drain- age district, and in the Miller Pond, the Clear Creek, and the Preston drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided to this and other districts named against a flood of about 50-year fre- quency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $1,040,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation approved by the county court of Alexander County, Ill., have been furnished and were approved by the Secretary of War on June 22, 1939. Local interests have provided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for the construction of work completed to interim grade. Compliance with the requirements of local cooperation for the additional work required for completion of the project has not as yet been requested. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Costs incurred were $11,707 for engineering and design; $44,874 for other distributive costs. Work by contract consisted of railroad relocations, $168,655, levee construction, $114,343. Miscellaneous hired labor work cost $3,213; and adjustment, $508. The total cost during the fiscal year year was $343,300. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in July 1939, and the project was ready for beneficial use in September 1941. Work under the project is about 72 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $749,106 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated..... -_ ___$25, _ __-.......... 000 $300, 000 $351, 600 $976, 083 Cost__-- $333 $835 25, 133 81,625 343, 300 749, 106 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $12, 602 ..... Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----- 63, 900 8. CLEAR CREEK DRAINAGE AND LEVEE! DISTRICT, ILL. Location. This project is in Union and Alexander Counties, Ill.. on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 57 and 66 above the Ohio River. Except for some lowlands and islands along the river, the district includes practically all the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Ware, Ill., on the north and McClure, Ill., on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by reconstructing approximately 10.9 miles of riverfront levee and 10.1 miles of back levee and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, seepage corrective measures and surfacing service roads on the levee crown. FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 551 The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete pro- tection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district, and the North Alexander, the Miller Pond, and the Preston drainage and levee districts, protection will have been pro- vided this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50- year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) includ- ing $23,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repair, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $4,750,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Forms of assurances of local cooperation for the construction of the entire project were approved by the Secretary of War on July 6, 1940. Local interests have provided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all construction work completed or under construction and have indicated that they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work features as required. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Costs incurred were $84,279 for engineering and design; $15,076 for other distributive costs; and -$94 for adjustment. Work by contract consisted of levee construction, $29,063; and miscellaneous hired labor work cost, $2,520. The total cost during the fiscal year was $130,845 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing proj- ect was initiated in August 1940, and the project was ready for bene- ficial use in December 1941. Work under the project is about 61 per- cent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $2,905.916. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_ ____________..._-___.__ _____- $200, 000 $2, 880, 217 Cost . .-.......... . $43, 142 $14, 298 $71, 112 $40, 078 130, 845 2, 905, 916 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ $10, 215 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 600, 000 -- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_--------------------------------- 1, 269, 783 9. MILLER POND DRAINAGE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Union County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 65 and 69 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the Missouri Pacific Railroad on the west and the bluffs on the east, and extends from the Clear Creek drainage and levee district on the south to Wolf Lake, Ill., on the north. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for the raising and enlarging of the entire levee system consisting of 2.8 miles of levee, which was 552 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 previously constructed by the United States, and the construction of service roads on the levee crown. The project when completed will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combi- nation with and upon completion of authorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district, and in the North Alex- ander, the Preston, and the Clear Creek drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. Total construction cost is $164,052. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Assurance of local cooperation approved by the county court of Union County, Ill., has been furnished, and was approved by the Secretary of War on July 3, 1940. Requirements of local cooperation for all work completed and under construction are fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $604 fori engineering and design; $924 for other distributive costs; and adjustment -$3. Other miscellaneous costs were $8,799. The total costs during the fiscal year were $10,325 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in July 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in December 1941. The project is 100 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $164,052. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated------- $117, 700 .$8, 100 $164, 052 Cost ______. . .... 10, 816 $11, 12 $68,654 $24, 882 10, 325 164, 052 10. PRESTON DRAINAGE! AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Union County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 66 and 76 above the Ohio River. The district includes practically all the bottom lands between Mississippi River on the west, Big Muddy River on the north, the bluffs on the east and Clear Creek drainage and levee district on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging 8.9 miles of riverfront levee and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, one highway closure struc- ture, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, provision of seepage corrective measures, and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protec- tion to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drain- age district, and the North Alexander, the Miller Pond, and the Clear Creek drainage and levee districts, protection will have been FLOOD CONTROL---ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 553 provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $2,450,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Forms of assurance of local cooperation, ap- proved by the county court of Union County, Ill., were approved by the Secretary of War on June 23, 1945. Local interests have fully complied with all requirements of local cooperation for that portion of the project completed or under construction; but have not yet complied with requirements for the additional features of work necessary for completion of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $13,033 for engineering; $5,555 for other distributive costs; and ad- justment of $409. Work by contract consisted of railroad relocations at a cost of $45,309. Miscellaneous hired labor costs were $892. The total cost during the fiscal year was $64,380. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in October 1945, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1947. Work under the existing project is about 73 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $1,848,169. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ........ -$150, 000 __ $66, 347 $1, 888, 000 Cost- ------------ _. 40, 482 $2, 940 $37, 863 $320, 686 64, 380 1,848, 169 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 __-----_ _ $4, 831 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _-_ 260, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_________________________________ 302, 000 11. GRAND TOWER DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Jackson County, Ill., and Perry County, Mo., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 75 and 84 above the Ohio River. The project, as enlarged by the inclusion of part of Grand Tower Island, Mo., is bounded by the Mississippi River on the west, Big Muddy River on the south and east, Fountain Bluff on the northwest and the Degognia and Fountain Bluff levee and drainage district on the north. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extend- ing the existing levee system by construction of about 5.3 miles of riverfront levee, and 11.9 miles of back and flank levees along the Big Muddy River, together with appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when com- 554 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 pleted, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Degognia and Fountain Bluff levee and drainage district, protection will have been provided to this and the other district named, against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $4,710,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Forms of assurances of local cooperation ap- proved by the county court of Jackson County, Ill., for reconstruction of the project to the grade revised in 1944 were approved by the divi- sion engineer, Upper Mississippi Valley Division, on October 22, 1947. Local interests have provided evidence of acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all construction work completed or under construc- tion, and have indicated that they will be able to fulfill local coopera- tion requirements for the remaining work features as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $18,412 for engineering and design; $59,393 for other distributive costs; $22,312 for hired labor seepage control; and $21,738 for miscel- laneous hired labor work. Costs incurred by contract were $122,369 for seepage control measures; $7,347 for levee construction; $18,566 for service roads; $3,400 for drainage structures; $8,541 for perma- nent operating equipment; and $45,309 for railroad relocations. Total costs for the fiscal year were $327,386 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing proj- ect was initiated in October 1948, and the project was ready for bene- ficial use in the spring of 1953. Work under the project is about 95 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $4,488,230 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_ --------- Cost----.............---------.. 200, 000 974, 783 $629, 000 226, 468 $716, 000 $217, 800 $390, 000 $4, 323, 500 1, 189, 620 1, 151, 537 327, 386 4, 488, 230 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $21, 758 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 250, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_ - 166, 500 _______.___-.._____ 12. DEGOGNIA AND FOUNTAIN BLUFF LEVEE AND DRAINAGE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Jackson County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 84 and 100 above the Ohio River. The district embraces practically all the bottom lands be- tween the river and the bluffs and between Cora, Ill., on the northwest and the Grand Tower drainage and levee district on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extend- FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 555 ing the existing levee system by reconstruction of 8.7 miles of river- front levee, 0.9 mile of upper flank levee along Degognia Creek, construction of 4.6 miles of new riverfront levee and 4.2 miles of new back levee along the Big Muddy River, and the construction of appur- tenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway closure structures, surfacing of service road on the levee crown, bor- row pit and seepage corrective measures, and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Grand Tower drainage and levee district, protection will have been provided to this and the other dis- trict named, against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The esti- mated total construction cost (1955) is $6,080,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation approved by the county' court of Jackson County, Ill., were approved by the Secre- tary of War September 7, 1944. Local interests have provided evi- dence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for the construction of work completed or under construction and have indicated the requirements of local cooperation for the remaining features of work will be fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $36,669 for engineering and design; $119,071 for other distributive costs; $1,107 for miscellaneous costs; and $1,150 for adjustment. Work by contract consisted of levee construction $177,358; borrow pit corrective measures, $713,395; seepage control measures, $195,761,; and drainage structures, $79,815. The total costs for the fiscal year were $1,354,327. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in September 1945, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 90 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $5,448,857. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated - ....- ___. -- _ $570, 000 $550, 000 $5, 011, 000 Cost------------ --- $225, 630 $119, 043 $48, 617 196, 955 1, 354, 327 5, 448, 857 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ -- _ _-__- $6, 909 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- 420, 000 -... Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project____________ ______ __-------_____ 649, 000 13. PERRY COUNTY DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICTS NOS. 1, 2, AND 3, MISSOURI Location. This project is in Perry County, Mo., and Randolph County, Ill., on the right bank of Mississippi River between river miles 94 and 111 above the Ohio River. The project, as enlarged by 556 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 inclusion of Crain and Puckett Islands, includes that portion of the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Red Rock Landing, Mo., and Kaskaskia Island. (See folder by Corps of En- gineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by reconstruction of 7.7 miles of riverfront levee, 14.1 miles of back levee, and 4.0 miles of upper flank levee; construction of 7.3 miles of new riverfront levee; and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, high- way closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when com- pleted, will afford protection to the district against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955), including $41,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repairs, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $7,650,000. The project was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation for the project were approved by the Secretary of War as follows: District No. 1, December 30, 1936; district No. 2, March 16, 1937; district No. 3, September 29, 1936. Requirements of local cooperation for all work completed and under construction are fully complied with. Local interests have informally indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $44,390 for engineering and design; $27,218, other distributive costs; $21,459, miscellaneous hired labor work; and $164, adjustment. Costs by contract consisted of $150,913, levee construction; $14,964, seepage control measures; $1,400, drainage structures; and $8,377, permanent operating equipment. Total costs for the fiscal year were $268,885. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in December 1937, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1946. Work under the existing project is about 52 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $3,962,407. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Ne w work: Appropriated--------- $300, 000 $1, 000, 000 $796, 000-------------.$265, 000 $4, 010, 375 Cost-...........----------------.... 460, 737 423, 497 1, 156, 333 $776, 379 268, 885 3, 962, 407 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------- $22, 315 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 500, 000 -- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------------- 3, 139, 625 14. PRAIRIE DU ROCHER AND VICINITY, ILL. Location. This project is in Randolph County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 118 and 130 above FLOOD CONTROI-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 557 the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom land between the river and the bluffs, and extends from the present channel of Prairie du Rocher Creek on the north to the Kaskaskia River on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for reconstructing about 2.4 miles of upper flank levee, constructing 0.5 mile of new upper flank levee, 10.4 miles of new riverfront levee, and 2.8 miles of new lower flank ,levee, and constructing appurtenant works,, consisting of 'gravity drainage structures, highway and railroad closure structures, surfac- ing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage cor- rective measures and altering railroads at a levee crossing. The project, when completed, will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $3,862,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 222, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Forms of assurances of local cooperation ap- proved by the county court of Randolph County, Ill., for the con- struction of the entire project have been received from the Prairie du Rocher and Modoc levee and drainage district and from the Edgar Lakes drainage and levee district. The assurances were approved by the division engineer, Upper Mississippi Valley Division, on No- vember 6, 1947. Local interests have provided evidence of acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work completed or under con- struction and have indicated that they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work features as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $28,649 for engineering and design; $8,705 for other distributive costs; $4,564 for borrow pit corrective measures; $2,105 for seepage control measures; $22,729 for miscellaneous hired labor; and $3,961 for ad- justment. Work by contract consisted of service roads, $1,838; relief wells, $10,013; and permanent operating equipment, $6,242. The total costs were $88,806 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in August 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in April 1951. Work under the project is about 97 percent com- plete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $3,742,437. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated --------- $100, 000 $900, 000 $653, 000 -$105, 247 $118, 647 $3, 817, 400 Cost- - 542, 636 158, 473 1, 098, 981 467, 096 88, 806 3, 742, 437 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955,--_ _ _ -- $15, 768 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- ....-- 52, 600 558 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 15. STRINGTOWN-FORT CHARTRES AND IVY LANDING, ILL. Location. This project is in Monroe and Randolph Counties, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 130 and 137 above the Ohio River. The project includes all of the Stringtown district and the downstream portion of the Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing district and includes the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and extends from Prairie du Rocher Creek on the south to the north boundary of the Stringtown district. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extend- ing the existing levee system by reconstruction of 4.7 miles of existing riverfront levee, construction of 2.6 miles of new riverfront levee, reconstruction of 2.3 miles of existing lower flank levee, construction of 0.4 mile of new lower flank levee, and appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, one highway closure structure, surfac- ing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage cor- rective measures and altering railroads at one levee crossing. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of au- thorized work in the Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing drainage district and the Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district, protection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $2,117,000. The project was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $11,503 for engineering and design; $5,957, other distributive costs; $5,350, permanent operating equipment; $1,612, seepage control meas- ures; $3,840, borrow pit corrective measures; $662, miscellaneous work; and -$328, for adjustment. Contract work consisted of relief wells at a cost of $7,799. The total costs were $36,395 for new work. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in January 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 99 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $2,108,314 for new work. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: ----------- Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $21, 683 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project______________________________ -12, 997 FLOOD CONTROL---ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 559 16. FORT CHARTRES AND IVY LANDING DRAINAGE DISTRICT NO. 5, ILL. Location. This project is in Monroe County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 137 and 141 above the Ohio River. The district includes that portion of the bottom lands be- tween the river and the bluffs, the Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and the levee district No. 2 on the north and the north boundary of the Stringtown district on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of about 3 miles of riverfront levee and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, seepage corrective meas- ures and surfacing of service roads on the levee crown. The project does not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district and the Stringtown-Ford Chartres and Ivy Landing district, protection will have been provided this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $1,152,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $24,096 for engineering and design; $6,183, other distributive costs; $1,619, seepage control measures; $6,242, permanent operating equip- ment; $2,860, miscellaneous work; and -$680, adjustment. Con- tract work consisted of relief wells at a cost of $13,879. The total costs were $54,199 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in August 1947, and the project was ready for bene- ficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 96 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $1,107,993. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-. _._....... ......... $249, 909 $47, 200 $72, 800 $1, 169, 985 Cost----------------- $2, 325 $426 139, 339 120, 045 54, 199 1, 107, 993 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $59, 163 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project ---- ----------------------------- -9, 985 363037-55-vol. 2-----36 560 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 17. HARRISONVILLE AND IVY LANDING DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT NO. 2, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Monroe County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 141 and 156 above the Ohio River. The district is bounded by Fountain Creek and the Missis- sippi River on the north and west, on the east by the bluffs and by Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district No. 5 on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the exist- ing levee system by the reconstruction of about 9.8 miles of riverfront levee, 5.4 miles of flank levee, the construction of 6.2 miles of new levee, and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, Fountain Creek diversion channel, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroad at one levee crossing. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but upon completion of authorized work in the Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district and the Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing district, protection will have been provided this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $4,378,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $15,176 for engineering and design; $12,290, other distributive costs; $5,070, seepage control measures; $42,947, borrow pit corrective meas- ures; $7,932, permanent operating equipment; $576, miscellaneous work; and $768 for adjustment. Work by contract consisted of seep- age control measures, $5,234; and borrow pit corrective measures, $27,154. The total costs for the fiscal year were $117,146 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in May 1946, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the existing project is about 98 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $4,316,880 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---_----------------------- - $321, 347 $108, 653 $4, 350, 000 Cost_----------------- $30, 355 $3, 700 $388, 044 444, 283 117, 146 4, 316, 880 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------ $27, 302 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ ____ 28, 000 18. COLUMBIA DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT NO. 3, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Monroe County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 157 and 166.5 above the Ohio FLOOD CONTROL---ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 561 River. The district embraces most of the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Fountain Creek on the south and Columbia Creek on the north. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the exist- ing levee system by the reconstruction of about 10.4 miles of river- front levee and 9.7 miles of flank levee, and the construction of ap- purtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, seepage corrective measures, and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955), including $45,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repair, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $2,917,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Local interests have provided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work completed or under construction and have indicated that they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $12,999 for engineering and design; $7,177, other distributive costs; $2,963, seepage control measures; $17,108 miscellaneous work; and -$28 for adjustment. Work by contract consisted of seepage control measures, $1,856; and permanent operating equipment, $7,932. The total costs for the fiscal year were $50,008 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in June 1938, and the project was ready for bene- ficial use in the fall of 1941. Work under the project is about 89 per- cent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $2,603,708 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ---. . $400, 000 $299, 000 -$116, 500 ------------- $2, 660, 500 Cost-------- ----- $408, 160 78, 495 492, 687 269, 503 $50, 008 2, 603, 708 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ___--- $1, 736 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- 216, 500 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-----------------__------------------ 40, 000 19. WILSON AND WENKEL AND PRAIRIE DU PONT DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICTS, ILL. Location. This project is in Monroe and St. Clair Counties, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 166 and 175 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and extends from the approach to 562 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the Jefferson Barracks bridge north to Prairie du Pont Creek. The district is now known as the Prairie du Pont drainage and levee district. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Naviga- tion Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Min- neapolis.) Existing project. The project, as adopted by the act of June 22, 1936, provided for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 3.7 miles of riverfront levee and 3.6 miles of upper flank levee; construction of 3.6 miles of new lower flank levee; and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drain- age structures, highway closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit corrective measures and altering rail- roads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $5,860,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The project was modified by the Flood Control Act approved Sep- tember 3, 1954, to eliminate the lower flank levee and to substitute therefor 2.4 miles of riverfront levee and 2.4 miles of lower flank levee along Columbia Creek to provide flood protection for Fish Lake drain- age and levee district No. 8, Illinois (H. Doc. No. 396, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Local interests have provided evidence of.the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work completed or under construction, and have indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining works as required. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Costs incurred were $57,082 for engineering and design; $73,239 for miscellaneous items; and pending adjustment of -$462. Work by contract consisted of levee construction at a cost of $20,673; seepage control measures, $112,815; borrow pitfill, $3,415; railroad relocations, $538; closure structures, $20,586; and pumping plants, $3,314. The total costs were $291,199 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in November 1935, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 32 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $1,872,878. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------..... $43, 903...$280, 000 ------------ $1,857, 09T Cost----------------- 193, 106 $69, 689 $91,462 137, 641 $291, 199 1, 872, 878 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $142 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .- 485, 0001 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project________________________________ 3, 517, 903 FLOOD CONTROIr--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 563 20. EAST ST. LOUIS AND VICINITY, ILL. Location. This project is in St. Clair and Madison Counties, Ill., aon left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 175 and 195 above the Ohio River. The project includes all the bottom lands between the bluffs on the east and Mississippi River and Chain of Rocks canal on the west, and extends from Cahokia diversion channel on the north to Prairie du Pont Creek on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 9.0 miles of riverfront levee, 4.9 miles of upper flank levee, 7 miles of the lower flank levee, construction of 0.9 mile of new riverfront levee, and 0.6 mile of riverfront floodwall, together with the necessary appur- tenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, closure struc- tures at highway crossings, alterations and reconstruction of existing pumping plants, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, seepage corrective measures, and making necessary alterations to railroad tracks and bridges at levee crossings. Approximately 10 miles of the project riverfront levee need not be constructed as protec- tion will be provided along this reach by the levee constructed as part of the Chain of Rocks canal. The project, when completed, will afford protection to the area against a flood of about 200-year fre- quency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $21,400,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation for the entire project were approved by the Secretary of War on March 24, 1937. Local interests have provided evidence of acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work completed or under construction and have indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation and requirements for the remaining work as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $168,677 for engineering and design; other distributive costs, $106,376; permanent operating equipment, $13,477; seepage control measures, $13,003; miscellaneous work, $27,774; claim, - $25; stores, - $23,899; and adjustment, -$3,185. Work by contract consisted of railroad relocations, $123; levee construction (claim) $20,762; claim $5,934; seepage control measures, $286,580; Government furnished materials, $31,768; closure structure, $24,412; lift station, $5,400; and pumping plant, $13,662. The total costs during the fiscal year were $690,839 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in November 1937, and the project was partially ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1942; the locally constructed levee has never been overtopped. Work under the existing project is about 28 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $5,908,775 from regular funds for new work. 564 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated -........ $200, 000 $1, 500, 000 $1, 294, 000 $100, 000 $650, 000 $6, 519, 200 Cost--------------- 1, 181, 247 411, 921 1,261,519 891, 726 690,839 5,908,775 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--..-- --- $63, 322 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__- 1, 285, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project___---------------------------- 13, 595, 800 21. CHOUTEAU, NAMEOKI, AND VENICE DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project, in Madison County, Ill., lies on, but not adjacent to, the left bank of the Mississippi River between river miles 188 and 195 above Ohio River, and is bounded on the north by Cahokia diversion channel, on the east by East Side levee and sanitary district, and on the west by the east levee of the Chain of Rocks canal, running to a point on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, and provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system. However, the project was modified by the Chain of Rocks canal, authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. As the major portion of the district lies east of the Chain of Rocks canal, it will be protected by the canal and the East St. Louis, Ill., levees. It is proposed to reconstruct or relocate, adja- cent to the Chain of Rocks canal levee, the existing pumping plant of this district under authority contained in the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Total construction cost is $185,700. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation approved by the county court of Madison County, Ill., have been furnished and were approved by the Chief of Engineers on June 23, 1950. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $260 for engineering and overhead. The total costs were $260. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing proj- ect was initiated in June 1950, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1951. Work under the project is completed. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $185,700 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......---------. $30, 000 ......... 0-9 .... . .- -$4, 300 ...........----------- $185, 700 Cost----- .--- 146, 716 $1,089 $1, 518 305 $260 185, 700 FLOOD CONTROr--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 565 22. WOOD RIVER DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. The project lies in Madison County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 195 and 203 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and extends from the Cahokia diversion channel on the south to opposite lock and dam No. 26 at Alton, Ill., on the north. The small industrial cities of Hartford, Wood River, Roxana, and East Alton and part of the Alton riverfront, lie within the district. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extend- ing the existing levee system; and includes the reconstruction of 5.4 miles of existing flank levee along Wood River, 2.6 miles of existing lower flank levee along Cahokia diversion channel, and 0.6 mile of existing lower flank levee along Indian Creek; construction of 2 miles of new flank levee along Wood River; 8.1 miles of new riverfront levees along the Mississippi River; and 1.4 miles of new lower flank along the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad; to- gether with the necessary appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway and railroad closure structures, alter- ations to existing or construction of new pumping plants, surfacing of service road on the levee crown, making necessary alterations to railroad tracks and bridges at levee crossing, seepage corrective meas- ures and construction of a low-water dam at the mouth of Wood River. The project when completed will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1955) is $16,350,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Local interests have provided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work completed or under construction and have indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $115,343 for engineering and design; $78,662, other distributive costs; $4,597, seepage control measures; $34,376 for miscellaneous items; and adjustment, -$13. Contract work consisted of $185,858 for levee construction; $11,398, service roads; $10,077, permanent operating equipment; $14,972, Government furnished materials; $87,867, drain- age structures; and $126,282 for seepage control measures. The total costs during the fiscal year were $669,420 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in July 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1952. Work under the project is about 52 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1955, were $8,471,347 for new work. 566 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ...... __ $280, 000 $915, 000 $844, 000 $500, 000 $345, 000 $8, 090, 000 Cost-_-_---------_ 1,782,119 461,175 1,391, 842 1,123, 414 669, 420 18, 471, 347 1 Includes $23,000 of contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------- Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- $37, 472 700, 000 -__ pletion of existing project_ ________ ___---_-------------__ _ 7, 560, 000 23. URBAN AREAS AT ALTON, ILL. Location. The protective works will be located on the left bank of Mississippi River along the Alton riverfront from the Missouri and Illinois bridge and Belt Railroad bridge to the foot of Mill Street in Alton, between river miles 202.7 and 203.3. The area to be pro- tected includes the low-lying lands along the riverfront of Alton between the river and high ground. (See folder by Corps of Engi- neers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Missis- sippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a combination of 870 feet of earth levee, 1,295 feet of con- crete floodwall, and 1,145 feet of cellular steel sheet-pile wall backfilled with dredged material for flood protection, and an improved interior drainage system, including pressure and gravity sewers and a pump- ing plant. The project when completed will provide protection to the low-lying area of Alton, Ill., against a flood of about 200-year fre- quency. The estimated total construction cost, revised in 1955, is $4,200,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 397, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. As yet no local organization has been formed to furnish the required assurances of local cooperation. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been started. Planning will be initiated in fiscal year 1956. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---. $50, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _--___-___---- 4, 150, 000 24. CARLYLE RESERVOIR, UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, ILLINOIS Location. The Carlyle Reservoir will be located on the Kaskaskia River, Ill., extending from about mile 107 to mile 155 above the mouth of that river, which enters the Mississippi River at mile 118 above the mouth of Ohio River. The dam will be located at mile 107, FLOOD CONTRO---ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 567 about one mile upstream from the town of Carlyle, and the proposed reservoir will extend northeastward through Clinton, Marion, and Fayette Counties, Ill. (See U. S. Geological Survey state and quadrangle maps.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a compacted earthfill dam across the main valley floor, and a reinforced concrete spillway with tainter gates and sluices. The crest of the dam will be at elevation 474, approximately 55 feet above the valley floor. The total length of the structure including the spillway section will be about 6,535 feet. The spillway structure will consist of an ogee overflow section surmounted by seven 40-foot by 30-foot tainter gates. The outlet works for controlling discharge under normal operating conditions will consist of four rectangular 8-foot by 10-foot sluices located in the nonoverflow section of the spillway. Because of the topography near the dam it will be neces- sary to construct three earthfill saddle dams, one north and two east of Carlyle, in order to contain the maximum pool level proposed for the reservoir. Total length of these embankments will be about 35,650 feet. The maximum reservoir area will be 57,500 acres. The total storage capacity is 983,000 acre-feet, of which 700,000 acre-feet will be for flood control, 233,000 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, fish and wildlife, and recreational use, and 50,000 acre-feet for sediment retention. Total drainage area above the dam site is 2,680 square miles. The storage of floodwaters in the reservoir will provide substantial flood control benefits to about 42,000 acres of land on Kaskaskia River outside levee districts below the dam, in addition to providing navigation and flood control benefits on the middle and lower Mississippi Rivers, and recreation, pollution abatement, water supply and fish and wildlife benefits on the Kaskaskia River. The Carlyle Reservoir was made eligible for selection as a unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the upper Mississippi River Basin under the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The latest estimate of the cost of the project (revised in 1955) is $33,000,000 of which $28,493,000 is for construction and $4,507,000 is for lands and damages. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Costs incurred were $44,709 all for preparation of definite project report. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project has not been started. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated -----------------------------------------------...... $50, 000 $50, 000 Cost--------------------- ---------------------------------- 44, 709 44, 709 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $75, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ --------------------- 32, 875, 000 568 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 25. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, ST. LOUIS DISTRICT Location. The Mississippi River Basin above the Ohio River, exclusive of the Missouri River Basin, in the St. Louis district. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps for Illinois and Missouri and quadrangle maps.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other pur- poses in the upper Mississippi River Basin described in the Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized $6,600,000 for reservoirs and $2,700,000 for local flood-protection works on the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers; the reservoirs and local protec- tion projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The act specifically provides that the authorization shall include the enlargement and extension of a system of levees located on the south side of the Sangamon River east of Chandlerville, Ill., as set forth in House Document No. 604, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Con- trol Act of December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the ad- ditional sum of $10 million for prosecution of the comprehensive plan, including the Red Rock Reservoir on the Des Moines River. The Flood Control Act of July 24, 1946, authorized an additional appro- priation of $10 million for prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, authorized an additional ap- propriation of $15 million for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The following individual projects located in the St. Louis district were considered in the comprehensive plan. Reservoirs Total Name Tributary basin State estimated cost Meramec 4- _..___-- - -- - - - - - -_---- - - - - - - - - - - Meramec - - - _......___ . Missouri..---------------- 1$25, 100, 000 Union 4 ... do .--...---------------- -----do.......------.........------------ 1 16, 200, 000 Cedar Hill 4-------------------.....do.. --------------------- do------------------ 1 21, 400, 000 Carlyle 2__ __ .Kaskaskia. --------------- Illinois .----------- 33, 000, 000 Joanna -------------------- _ ..... Salt. -------------------- Missouri ---------- 133, 700, 000 1 Estimate revised in 1954. 2See individual report for details of project. 3 Estimate revised in 1955. 4 To be restudied. Estimated construction costs of levee Mississippi River: Wood River levee project, Illinois 12_______________1 $16, 350, 000 Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing, Ill. 2.____ 2, 117, 000 Kaskaskia Island levee project, Illinois 3.__- - 3, 050, 000 Grand Tower levee project, Illinois 12----_ 4, 740, 000 Miller Pond levee project, Illinois 12 _ _ 164, 000 Illinois River: Meredosia Lake and Willow Creek levee, Illinois 4---------- 249, 738 Kaskaskia River, Ill.: Levees between New Athens and Carlyle, Ill.3 b..___. . 7, 700, 000 1See individual report for details of project. 2 Estimate revised in 1955. 3 Estimate revised in 1954. 4 Complete. 6 To be restudied. FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 569 Operations and results during fiscal year. There were no costs for general studies on the development of the comprehensive basin plan. Condition at end of fiscal year. The progress of work on levee projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. The total costs and expenditures for general studies for the development of the comprehensive basin plan to June 30, 1955, were $823,643.51 from regular funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_ ------ -$28, 585 -$4, 272 ......... $823, 644 Cost.............------------- 43, 798 4, 222 ------------------------------------ 823, 644 26. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures to For last June 30, 1955 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see Annual reio to Report Construe- Operation complete for-- and main- complet 1 tenance 1. Cache River diversion, Ill-- __------- --... 1953 $2, 837, 114- ---------- (2) 2. Emergency bank protection for certain high- way and railroad facilities at Price Land- ing, Mo. (Sec. 12, Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944) --------------------------..1950 50, 000- -......... (2) :3. Emergency repairs to levees on Mississippi, Illinois and Kaskaskia Rivers, and flood fighting and rescue work (Sec. 5, Flood Con- trol Act of Aug. 18, 1941, as amended) _. -_ 1953 .--------- $1, 033, 279 (3) 4. Emergency protection for certain highway and railroad facilities at Chester, Ill. Bridge (Sec. 12, Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944) ------------------------ 1952 50, 000-. (2) 5. Emergency protection for Illinois approach, Chain of Rocks Bridge (Sec. 12, Flood Con- trol Act of Dec. 22, 1944) .__-__. __ __ 1946 25, 000 ............. (2 6. Kaskaskia Island drainage and levee district, Ill.4 9 ........................----------- 1949 296, 521 -------------- $2, 753, 500 7. McGee Creek levee and drainage district, Illinois River, Ill.5 9 ------- 1940----- ------ ---........... 597, 000 8. Meredosia Lake and Willow Creek drainage and levee districts, Illinois River, 6 Ill . 1944 249, 738 .---.---------(2) 9. Riverland drainage district, Mo. __________... 4 1938 ........-------- -------------... 288, 000 10. Ste. Genevieve levee district No. 1, Mo. 1949 .....-------........--...........---------- 1, 720, 000 11. St. Louis 7County drainage and levee dis- trict, Mo. 98_..... -....-.-.-..... - -_ 1938 ------------------------ -- 695, 000 12. Wiedmer Chemicalss drainage and levee dis- trict, Mo. _--------------------------1938 ---------------------------- 511, 000 Revised in 1954. 2Completed. 3Work complete pending another flood. 4Work deferred pending a review of H. Doc. 669, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which may modify the project recommended in H. Doc. 727, 77th Cong., 2d sess., authorized by the Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944. 5 Work deferred pending decision regarding alterations to Wabash RR. bridge at Meredosia, Ill. 6 Low-lying lands in this district acquired under authority of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 26, 1937; protection for remaining lands in the district deferred pending further study. 7 May be modified due to selection of this area by city of St. Louis for a second major airport, which would require greater protection than previously contemplated. 8Action deferred pending further study. 9Inactive project. 570 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORKS FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS During the fiscal year costs incurred were $10,289 for semiannual levee inspection; $673 for inspection of completed works and $1,038 for distributive costs. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $36,350. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $8, 250 . $4, 000 $12, 100 $12, 000 $36, 350 Cost---------..... --- 8, 250 -------------- 3, 966 12, 134 12, 000 36, 350 28. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act.) There was no work done during the fiscal year. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $167,728. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ-- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---....... -$7, 912 _- $23, 700 $6, 000 -$60 $167, 728 Cost-----------...... 34, 573 ------------ 16, 290 13, 350 167, 728 Flood control emergencies-Repair and flood fighting and rescue wzork. (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and previous author- izations.) Pursuant to these authorizations a total of $13,653,054 has been allotted to the St. Louis district to June 30, 1955, for emergency flood control work, exclusive of $55,415 contributed funds. Engineering for emergency flood control work at Elsberry levee (upper Missis- sippi River), revision of flood emergency manual, and inspection of non-Federal levees was performed during the fiscal year 1955 at a cost of $10,884. The total costs and expenditures to June 30, 1955, were $13,557,437. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ---....- -- $5, 560 $1,020,000 $395, 800 $2,390 $106, 500 $13, 653, 054 Cost---. 105, 513 1, 024, 178 377, 406 48, 593 10, 884 13, 557, 438 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 571 29. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of all general investigations during the fiscal year were $27,562. There were no accounts receivable; and expenditures were $26,654. The anticipated allotment of $58,200 plus an unexpended balance of $2,320 will be applied to collection and study of basic data and to advancement or completion of work on the following reports: Salt River, Ste. Genevieve-St. Marys, Crystal City-Festus, Dam- ages at Clarksville, Mississippi River above Missouri River (Agricul- tural Areas), Comprehensive Harbor and Miller City and Vicinity, Illinois. Cost of examinations and surveys for the fiscal year was $23,354. 30. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA During the fiscal year work was performed on sedimentation studies and flood investigations. Collection and study of basic data cost $4,208 during the fiscal year. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT The Galveston District comprises the drainage basin of all the short streams arising in the coastal plain of Texas and flowing into the Gulf of Mexico, including the entire basin of Buffalo Bayou, San Jacinto, San Bernard, Lavaca, Navidad, Mission and Aransas Rivers. It also includes the lower basins of the major streams flowing into the Gulf as follows: Sabine River, Texas and Louisiana, below Orange; Neches River below Beaumont; Trinity River below Liberty; Brazos River below the confluence with Navasota River; Colorado River below Austin, Guadalupe River below the confluence with the San Marcos River; San Antonio River below Goliad; Nueces River below Calallen. It further embraces the coastal area situated to the east of the Missouri-Pacific Railroad between Calallen and Raymond- ville, and all of Starr, HIidalgo, Cameron, and Willacy Counties, cover- ing the Lower Rio Grande Valley. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Sabine-Neches Waterway, 13. Freeport Harbor, Tex ..... 605 Tex_- 573 14. Channel from Pass Cavallo 2. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to Port Lavaca, Tex ..... 608 between Apalachee Bay, 15. Port Aransas-Corpus Christi Fla., and the Mexican Waterway, Tex_ __ - 610 border (Galveston Dis- 16. Brazos Island Harbor, Tex__ 616 trict) - 579 17. Other authorized navigation 3. Galveston Harbor and Chan- projects___- 621 nel, Tex_ - -- 586 4. Texas City Channel, Tex___ 590 Glood Control 5. Channel to Port Bolivar, 622 Tex -- - - - - - - - - 592 18. Buffalo Bayou, Tex ....... 6. Houston Ship Channel, Tex_ authorized flood con- 594 19. Other projects______ trol 597 20. Flood 624 7. Double Bayou, Tex__ _--- control work under 8. Anahuac Channel, Tex_--- 598 special authorization .... 624 9. Trinity River and tributaries, Tex_ 599 General investigations 10. Cedar Bayou, Tex ____---- 601 11. Clear Creek and Clear Lake, 21. Examinations and surveys _ 625 Tex_ 603 22. Collection and study of basic 12. Chocolate Bayou, Tex ..... 604 data_- 625 1. SABINE-NECHES WATERWAY, TEX. Location. This is a consolidation of the old improvements of "Har- bor at Sabine Pass and Port Arthur Canal" and "Sabine-Neches Ca- nal, including Sabine River to Orange and Neches River to Beau- mont, Texas." Sabine Pass is on the Gulf of Mexico, approximately 58 miles east of Galveston and 280 miles west of Southwest Pass, Mis- sissippi River. It connects Sabine Lake with the Gulf of Mexico. The Port Arthur Canal extends from near the upper end of Sabine Pass to the Port Arthur docks at the mouth of Taylors Bayou, a dis- tance of 7 miles. Near its upper end, the Sabine-Neches Canal joins and extends to the mouth of the Neches and Sabine Rivers. The waterway next extends up the Neches River to Beaumont and up the Sabine River to Orange. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 517 and 533.) 573 574 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Previous projects. The original project for improvement of Sa- bine Pass was adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1875, and subsequent projects and modifications by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, and June 19, 1906. The Port Arthur Canal was conveyed to the United States free of cost in 1906, and the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912, incorporated it in the project. The Sabine and Neches Rivers were first improved un- der the River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, and March 3, 1899, and the Sabine-Neches Canal was first improved under the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1905, and March 2, 1907. The project was enlarged by the River and Harbor Acts of February 27, 1911, July 25, 1912, March 2, 1919, and September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1863 of Annual Report for 1915 for the Sabine and Neches Rivers, Sabine Pass, and Port Arthur Canal, and page 985 of the report for 1916 for Sabine-Neches Canal. (See also pp. 1100 and 1105 of Annual Report for 1921 and p. 874 of An- nual Report for 1926.) Existing project. The existing project dimensions provided for in the various channels and basins comprising the waterways are shown in the following tabulation: Adopted project dimensions Section of Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex. Depth in Bottom width in feet feet below mean low Gulf level Sabine Pass outer bar channel____ ................................__ 800___..................... 37 Sabine Pass jetty channel----------.................................. 500 at inner end, increasing (1) to 800 at outer end. Sabine Pass channel ....----------------------------------...................................... 500------------------------- 36 Sabine Pass anchorage basin_ ....---------------------------- 800 by 3,000 long, exclusive 34 of channel. Port Arthur Canal..-----------------------------------400------------------------- 36 Entrance to Port Arthur turning basin------........--...----- -250 to 540 _ .........------ -36 Port Arthur: East turning basin....................................... __420 by 1,800 long........... 36 West turning basin____------------------------ __ .- --- __600 by 1,700 long-.......... 36 Channel from Port Arthur west turning basin to Taylors 250......----------------- 36 Bayou turning basin. Taylors Bayou turning basin-------------.... ----- -__150 to 1,000 by 2,900 long__ 36 Sabine-Neches Canal: Port Arthur Canal to mouth of Neches River-----. -- __ 400---....-....--... ....-- 36 Mo uth of Neches River to mouth of Sabine River----------.......... . 150......................... 30 Neches River, mouth to Beaumont turning basin, including 350--------............ _ . - 36 cutoffs. Beaumont turning basin----------- ------- ------------- 500 by 1,500 long -......... 34 Beaumont turning basin extension__ ----- ___.--------------.--350 by 2,300 long- .......... 34 Neches River from Beaumont turning basin to vicinity of 200-......................... 30 Pennsylvania shipyard. Sabine River, mouth to cutoff near Orange.---.....-------... 125.-------..__ --.-.--.-- - 30 Sabine River to Orange municipal wharf ........-- - ..------ -- 200 by 3,000 long ......... 30 Sabine River cutoff to highway bridge -------------------- ..... 150 _____................ ..... 25 Adams Bayou .........................------.......--------------------- 100.......................-------------------------.. 12 Cow Bayou: Channel--........................................-------------------------------------- ..........---------- 100----- ---- 13 Turning basin---..........................-----------------------------........ 300 by 500...------------------ 13 136 at inner end, increasing to 37 at outer end. The project also provides for two stone jetties at the Sabine Pass entrance from the Gulf of Mexico, the western jetty to be 21,860 feet long and the eastern jetty to be 25,270 feet long. The project further provides for the removal of the guard lock in the Sabine-Neches Canal, the construction of suitable permanent protective works along the RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 575 Sabine Lake frontage owned by the city of Port Arthur to prevent dredged material from entering Sabine Lake and to prevent the erosion of the material deposited, the reconstruction of the Port Ar- thur Bridge, and the relocation of the Port Arthurfield office. The mean tidal variation at the entrance is about 11/2 feet, at Port Arthur about 1 foot, and at Orange and Beaumont about five-tenths foot. Prolonged north winds during the winter season have depressed the water surface as much as 3.4 feet below mean low tide while tropi- cal disturbances have caused heights as much as 7 feet above mean low tide. The estimate of cost for new work, exclusive of $385,500 contributed funds and value of useful work performed by local interests and of amounts expended on previous projects, is $23,150,000 (July 1955). The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $908,000 (July 1955), exclusive of $2,245,000 (July 1955) estimated cost of re- habilitating jetties. The widening and deepening of the channel be- tween Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin, and the channel extension above the Cow Bayou turning basin near Orangefield portions of the project are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of these portions was last revised in September 1954, and was estimated to be $73,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Har- bor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Existing project dimensions of jetties, a 26-foot chan- H. Doc. 773, 61st Cong., 2d sess. nel through Sabine Pass, Port Arthur Canal, and Port Arthur turning basin; a new turning basin at Port Arthur, 26 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 1,700 feet long; a 25-foot depth in Sabine-Neches Canal, Neches River to Beaumont and Sabine River to Orange, including cutoffs and widening of the channels as recommended by the Chief of Engi- neers and approved by the Secretary of War, and purchase of a new dredge. Sept. 22, 1922 Deepening the channels to 30 feet from the Gulf to H. Doc. 975, 66th Cong., 3d sess. Beaumont, with increasea widths and an anchor- age basin in Sabine Pass 32 feet deep over an area of about 2,000 by 1,000 feet. Do......_ Deepening the Port Arthur turning basin and con- S. Doc. 152, 67th Cong., 2d sess. necting channels thereto to 30 feet. For taking over and deepening Taylors Bayou turning basin and connecting channel to 30 feet. For a 30-foot depth in the channel from the mouth of Neches River to cutoff in Sabine River near Orange. Mar. 3,1925 Removal of guard lock in Sabine-Neches Canal ...-. H. Doc. 234, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21,1927 Increased widths of channels as follows: Sabine Pass H. Doc. 287, 69th Cong., 1st sess. jetty channel and Sabine Pass to 300 feet, Port Arthur Canal to 200 feet; Sabine-Neches Canal, from Port Arthur Canal to mouth of Neches River, to 150 feet. For dredging, 2 passing places in Sabine- Neches Canal, easing of bends, removal and recon- structing Port Arthur field office, extending Beau- mont turning basin upstream 200 feet above the new city wharves, and for an anchorage basin in Sabine Pass, 4,500 feet long, 800 feet wide, and 30 feet deep. Aug. 30, 19351 A depth of 32 feet in the channels from the Gulf to the Rivers and Harbors Committee Beaumont turning basin, including all turning Doc. 27, 72d Cong., 1st sess. basins at Port Arthur. Do .---.. Deepening the channels to 34 feet with increased Rivers and Harbors Committee widths from the Gulf to the Beaumont turning Doc. 12, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Basin, including all turning basins at Port Arthur. Do-...... Construction of suitable' pertsanent protective works Specified in act. along the Sabine Lake frontage owned by the city of Port Arthur. See footnotes at end of table. 363037-55-vol. 2- 37 576 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Taking over and maintaining channel from Sabine Rivers and Harbors Committee River to Orange municipal wharf. Doc. 3, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Do------- Dredging 500 feet from the eastern end of Harbor Rivers and Harbors Committee Island and for abandonment of the channel south Doec. 20, 75th Cong., 1st sess. and west of Harbor Island. June 20, 19382 Increased widths of channels from the Gulf to the H. Doc. 581, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Beaumont turning basin and channel connecting Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin, deepening the Beaumont turning basin and Beaumont turning basin extension to 34 feet; and for dredging a new cutoff from Smiths Bluff cutoff to McFaddin Bend. Oct. 17 1940 Abanaonment of the Orange turning basin; dredge a S. Doc. 14, 77th Cong., 1st sess. channel 25 feet deep, 150 feet wide, suitably widened on bends, to the highway bridge and dredge a cutoff channel opposite Orange 25 feet deep and 200 feet wide, approximately 2,400 feet long. Mar. 2,1945 Extension of Beaumont turning basin upstream 300 H. Doc. 685, 76th Cong., 3d sess. feet. Do------ Widening Port Arthur west turning basin to 600 feet__ S. Doc. 60, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Do .--- Dredging a channel from the Beaumont turning S. Doc. 158, 77th Cong., 2d sess. basin to vicinity of Pennsylvania Shipyard, 200 (contains the latest published feet wide and 30 feet deep. maps). July 24, 19463 a Deepening the Sabine Pass outer bar channel to 37 H. Doc. 571, 79th Cong., 2d sess. feet and the Sabine Pass jetty channel to 37 feet at the outer end, decreasing to 36 feet at the inner end, deenening to 36 feet Sabine Pass Channel, Port Arthur Canal, Port Arthur east and west turning basins, Taylors Bayou turning basin, and the channel from Port Arthur west turning basin to Taylors Bayou turning basin, deepening to 36 feet and widening to 400 feet the Sabine-Neches Canal from Port Arthur Canal to the mouth of Neches River except through Port Arthur bridge; deepen- ing the Neches River channel from the mouth to the Beaumont turning basin to 36 feet with widen- ing to 330 feet from Smiths Bluff to the Beaumont turning basin; deepening the junction area on Neches River at the Beaumont turning basin to 36 feet; and widening the Sabine-Neches Canal be- tween the Neches and Sabine Rivers to 150 feet. Do.-- .. Improvement of Cow Bayou, Tex., by the construc- H. Doc. 702, 79th Cong., 2d sess. tion of a channel 100 feet wide and 13 feet deep at mean low tide and about 7.7 miles long, extending from the navigation channel in Sabine River to a point 0.5 mile above the county bridge at Orange- field, Tex., with a turning basin 300 feet wide, 500 feet long, and 13 feet deep at Orangefield. Do ...... Improvement of Adams Bayou, Tex., to provide a H. Doe. 626, 79th Cong., 2d sess. channel 12 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide on bottom extending from the 12-foot depth in the Sabine River to the first county highway bridge across the bayou, a distance of about 8,600 feet. May 17,1950 Deepening to 36 feet and widening to 400 feet the H. Doe. 174, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Sabine-Neches Canal i the vicinity of Port Arthur bridge; reconstruction of the Port Arthur Bridge and relocation of the Port Arthur field office. Sept. 3,1954 Channel rectification as follows: widening to 350 feet S. Doc. 80, 83d Cong., 2d sess. the entrance channel to the Port Arthur turning basins; widening the curve at the junction of Port Arthur and Sabine-Neches Canals; elocation and enlargement of the Sabine Pass anchorage basin to a depth of 34 feet, a width of 1,500 feet, and a length of 3,000 feet; widening to 200 feet the Sabine-Neches Canal from the mouth of Neches River to the mouth of Sabine River and the Sabine River Channel to the upper end of the existing project at Orange, except for the channel around Harbor Island at Orange; deepening to 30 feet the Sabine River Channel from the cutoff near the Orange municipal slip to the upper end of the project, except around Harbor Island; and enlarging the area at the entranoe to the Orange municipal slip to provide a maneuver- ing basin. I Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. 2 Complete widening of channel between Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin considered to be inactive. 3 Complete deepening of channel between Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin considered to be inactive. 4 Channel extension above Cow Bayou turning basin near Orangefleld considered to be inactive. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 577 Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the inactive por- tions of the project and for the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. Cooperation remaining consists of (a) fur- nish free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and suitable spoil areas for new work and for subsequent mainte- nance when and as required; (b) relocate and alter existing pipelines, utility crossings, and piers or wharves affected by the modified proj- ect; and (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the modified project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were performed at a cost of $49,213. Repairs to the protective bulkhead in Sabine Lake at Port Arthur by Government Plant and hired labor during the peri- od from March 14 to June 7, 1955 was performed at a cost of $6,431. A total of 5,811,321 cubic yards of material was removed from 77,125 linear feet of channel at a cost of $662,030 as follows: Cubic Linear feet Government plant Location Period yards of channel Cost removed dredged Contract .....-- --... Sabine Pass Channel, Pt. Jan. 4 to June 30, 3, 339, 000 52, 637 $450, 687 Arthur Canal, Sabine- 1955. Neches Canal and Pt. Arthur Turning Basins. Government hopper Outer Bar and Jetty Apr. 5 to May 21, 691, 997 9, 056 96, 729 Dredge A. Mac- Channel. 1955. kenzie. Government hopper Outer Bar and Jetty Jan. 25 to Feb. 22, 1, 780, 324 15, 432 114, 614 Dredge Langfitt. Channel. 1955. The total cost of all work for this fisal year was $717,674. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 66 percent complete, exclusive of inactive portions. The Sabine Pass jetties are completed to full project dimensions. Enlargement of the Sabine Pass outer bar and jetty channels, Sabine Pass Channel, Port Arthur Canal, turning basins at Port Arthur, Sabine-Neches Canal, the Neches River from its junction with the Sabine-Neches Canal to the Beaumont Turning Basin, Adams Bayou, Cow Bayou to and includ- ing the turning basin, relocation of the Port Arthur field office, and reconstruction of the Port Arthur bridge was completed. The work remaining consists of rectification of certain reaches of the existing Sabine Pass Channel, Sabine-Neches Canal, and Neches River and Sabine River Channels; widening to 350 feet the entrance channel to the Port Arthur turning basins; widening the curve at the junction of Port Arthur and Sabine-Neches Canals; relocation and enlargement of the Sabine Pass anchorage basin to a depth of 34 feet, a width of 1,500 feet, and a length of 3,000 feet; widening to 200 feet the Sabine- Neches Canal from the mouth of Neches River to the mouth of Sabine River and the Sabine River Channel to the upper end of the existing project at Orange except for the channel around Harbor Island at Orange; deepening to 30 feet the Sabine River Channel from the cut- off near the Orange municipal slip to the upper end of the project, except around Harbor Island; and enlarging the area at the entrance to the Orange municipal slip to provide a maneuvering basin; with 578 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGIN E , U. S. ARMY, 1955 such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engi- neers may be advisable. The controlling depths below mean low tide in the various channels and basins were as follows: Sabine Pass outer bar channel, 35 feet; Sabine Pass jetty channel, 34 feet; Sabine Pass Channel, 32 feet; Sabine Pass anchorage basin, 36 feet; Port Arthur Canal, 36 feet; Port Arthur entrance to and including east and west turning basins, :36 feet; channel connecting Port Arthur west turning basin with Taylors Bayou turning basin, 35 feet; Taylors Bayou turning basin, 36 feet; Sabine-Neches Canal from Port Arthur to mouth of Neches River, 32 feet; Neches River, mouth to Beaumont turning basin, 32 feet; Beaumont turning basin, 35 feet; Beaumont turning basin ex- tension, 35 feet; Neches River Channel from Beaumont turning basin extension to vicinity of Pennsylvania shipyards, 20 feet; Sabine- Neches, Canal, Mouth of Neches River to mouth of Sabine River, 30 feet; Sabine River, mouth to cutoff near Orange, 26 feet; Channel to Orange municipal wharf, 29 feet; Sabine River cutoff to highway bridge at Orange, 26 feet; Adams Bayou, 13 feet, and Cow Bayou, including turning basin at Orangefield, 11 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ... ------.----------------------------- $13,874, 590 $13, 357,606 $27, 232, 196 Public Works funds ...........................---------------------------------.. 1,363, 652 ------------ 1,363, 652 Total United States funds-------------.......... -----............ 15,. 238, 242 13, 357, 606 28, 595, 848 Contributed funds (existing project) ...------------------ 353, 500 ...............--------------- 353, 500 Total all funds__...... 15, 591, 742 ...................-------------------------------.. 13, 357, 606 28, 949, 348 Value of useful work performed------------------------- 32,000 -------------- - 32,000 Total cost of project.......................---------------------------.. 15, 623, 742 13, 357, 606 28, 981, 348 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 2 New work: Appropriated------.. $1, 500, 000 $430, 500 -$20, 000 -$7, 718 .......-----------.. $20, 419, 074 Cost__--------------- 1, 347, 312 708, 972 343, 795 2, 832 - 20, 419, 074 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- 540, 382 439, 185 685, 050 584, 230 $746, 190 15, 769, 737 Cost ...---------------- 658, 240 424, 647 543, 401 753, 514 3 717, 856 15, 737, 283 1 Includes $5,180,832 for new work and $2,379,677 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $931,007 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Difference of $182 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of underestimation of prepayments for June 1954. 4 Excludes portions considered to be inactive. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_-----_---- 1 $7, 910, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 579 2. GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN APALACHEE BAY, FLA., AND THE MEXICAN BORDER (GALVESTON DISTRICT) Location. This section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway extends from a point on the Sabine River about 3 miles below Orange, Tex., to Brownsville, Tex., a distance of about 421 miles; with a flood- discharge channel, about 7 miles in length, in the Colorado River, extending from Matagorda, Tex., to the Gulf of Mexico; a tributary channel in the San Bernard River, extending from the Intracoastal Waterway crossing to the State highway bridge some 30 miles above the crossing; a tributary channel, in the Colorado River, extending from the Intracoastal Waterway upstream a distance of 17 miles; a tributary channel about 14 miles in length extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to Palacios, Tex.; a tributary channel about 2 miles in length, extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to Rock- port, Tex.;.a tributary channel about 6 miles in length extending from the Intracoastal Waterway near Port Aransas, Tex., to the town of Aransas Pass, Tex.; a tributary channel about one-fourth mile in length extending from the Intracoastal Waterway near Port O'Con- nor, Tex., into Barroom Bay; a tributary channel extending about 45.5 miles from the Intracoastal Waterway by way of Seadrift to a point in the Guadalup River 3 miles above Victoria, Tex.; a harbor of refuge for small craft at Seadrift; a tributary channel in Red Fish Bay extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to Port Mansfield, Tex., a distance of about 11/2 miles; and a tributary channel in the Arroyo Colorado extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to a point near Harlingen, Tex., a distance of about 31 miles and side channels in the vicinity of Port Isabel, Tex. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116, 1117, 592, 533, 1279, 1280, 1282, 1283, 1284, 1285,1286, 1287, and 1288.) Previous projects. Sabine River-Galveston Bay section: None. a. West Galveston Bay and Brazos River Canal, Tex., River and Harbor Acts of July 13, 1892, July 8, 1896, and June 13, 1902, the latter providing for the purchase of the Galveston and Brazos River Canal, and the act of March 2, 1907. b. Channel between Brazos River and Matagorda Bay, Tex., River and Harbor Acts of June 25, 1910, and March 2, 1919. The act of July 25, 1912, provided for the construction of highway bridges at points where the waterway intersected existing county roads. c. Channel from Pass Cavallo to Aransas Pass, Tex., River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1907, and July 25, 1912. d. Guadalupe River, Tex., River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1102 of the Annual Report for 1922; pages 941, 944, and 947 of Annual Report for 1926; and page 845 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water over a bottom width of 125 feet, with such passing places, widening at bends, locks or guard locks, and rail- way bridges over artificial cuts as are necessary from the Sabine River to Brownsville, Tex.; for the purchase or construction of a 20-inch pipeline dredge; for the maintenance of a suitable flood discharge cha nnel in the Colorado River from Matagorda, Tex., to the Gulf of 580 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Mexico; for a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the San Bernard River, extending from the main channel to the State highway bridge some 31 miles above the mouth of the stream; for a tributary channel in the Colorado River 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, extending from the main channel upstream a distance of 17 miles, with a turning basin of the same depth, 400 feet wide and 500 feet long at the head of the improvement; for a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Palacios, Tex., through Trespalacios and Matagorda Bays to the main channel; for a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the main channel to the harbor at Rockport, Tex., and improvement of that harbor to a depth of 9 feet; for rerouting the main channel along the north shore of Red Fish Bay between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay with no change in present authorized dimensions; for a tributary channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from the main channel near Port Aransas, Tex., to the town of Aransas Pass, Tex., ending in a basin of the same depth, 300 feet wide and 2,200 feet long; straighten and widen to 125 feet the connecting channel to Conn Brown Harbor and maintenance of Conn Brown Harbor, all to a depth of 12 feet; a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide extending from the main channel in San Antonio Bay to Victoria, Tex., for a side channel to Seadrift 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide connecting with the tributary channel to Vic- toria in San Antonio Bay; for a harbor of refuge at Seadrift 9 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long with an entrance channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the side channel to Seadrift; for a tributary channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide in Red Fish Bay from the main channel to Port Mansfield with a turning basin 400 feet by 600 feet and 12 feet deep at Port Mansfield; for a tributary channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from the main channel to the vicinity of Harlingen, Tex., via the Arroyo Colorado with a turning basin 12 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 500 feet long at the upper end; for side channels 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide and 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide leading from Laguna Madre around the south part of Port Isa- bel, Tex., a total length of 11/2 miles; for an alternate channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide across South Galveston Bay between Bolivar Peninsula and the Galveston Causeway; and for operating and care of the waterway. From the Sabine River (3 miles below Orange, Tex.) to the Port Arthur Canal, from Port Bolivar to the west end of Galveston Channel, from Port Aransas to Corpus Christi and from Port Isabel to Brownsville, Tex., the waterway coincides with deep water channels improved and maintained under other projects. The mean tidal variation is 0.5 foot at Orange, 1 foot at Port Arthur, 1.3 feet in Galveston Bay, 1.5 feet at Freeport, 1 foot in Mat- agorda Bay, 1 foot in San Antonio Bay. 1 foot at Corpus Christi, 1.5 feet at Port Isabel, and 1.5 feet at Brownsville. The extreme ranges of tide under ordinary conditions are 1 foot at Orange, 1.5 feet at Port Arthur, 2 feet in Aransas Bay, 2.0 feet at Freeport, 1.5 feet in Matagorda Bay, 1.5 feet in San Antonio Bay, 1.5 feet at Corpus Christi, 2 feet at Port Isabel, and 1.5 feet at Brownsville. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind. Strong north winds have depressed the water surface as much as 2 feet below mean low tide. The modified route of the main channel between Aransas Bay and RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 581 Corpus Christi Bay is subject to the provision that no dredging shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of any wharf or struc- ture, the proposed drawbridge piers and fenders near Aransas Pass, Tex., being excepted from this provision. The tributary channel in the Colorado River is subject to the provi- sion that no dredging shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of any wharf or structure excepting the highway bridge which crosses the river at mile 8.3. The tributary channel from Palacios, Tex., through Trespalacios and Matagorda Bays, the tributary channel to Aransas Pass, Tex., and the tributary channel to Harlingen, Tex., are subject to the pro- vision that no dredging shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of any wharf or structure. The estimate of cost of new work is $32,813,000 (July 1955), ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects and of $500,000 voluntarily expended by local interests. The upper 31/2 miles of the tributary channel in the San Bernard River, channel into Barroom Bay, and the upper 5 miles of the tributary channel to Harlingen via the Arroyo Colorado are portions of the project to be restudied. The estimated cost of the modifications including these portions is ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate and was estimated in July 1954 to be $3,886,000 of which $1,851,000 has been completed. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,834,000 (July 1955), including $411,750 for operation and care of structures. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, from Sabine H. Doc. 238, 68th Cong., 1st sess. River to Galveston Bay, and for a 20-inch pipeline dredge. Jan. 21,1927 Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, from Galves- Do. ton Bay to Corpus Christi. Aug. 26,1937 Maintenance of a flood-discharge channel in the Senate Committee print, 75th Colorado River. Cong., 1st sess. June 20,19382 Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in San Bernard H. Doc. 640, 75th Cong., 3d sess. River, Tex. Do _ - -. Channel in the Colorado River, 9 feet deep and 100 H. Doc. 642, 75th Cong., 3d sess. feet wide, with a turning basin. Do ..-- Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Palacios H. Doc. 564, 75th Cong., 3d sess. through Trespalacios and Matagorda Bays. Do_ ... Channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the main H. Doc. 641, 75th Cong., 3d sess. channel to the harbor at Rockport, and improve- ment of that harbor to a depth of 9 feet. Do _..- Channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the main H. Doc. 643, 75th Cong., 3d sess. channel to Aransas Pass, Tex. July 23,1942 Enlargement of waterway from Sabine River to Public Law 675, 77th Cong. Corpus Christi and its extension to Brownsville, Tex., so as to provide a depth of 12 feet and width of 125 feet throughout. Mar. 2, 1945 3 Channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide from main chan- H. Doc. 428, 76th Cong., 1st sess. nel near Port O'Connor, Tex., into Barroom Bay. Do ___- - Enlargement of channel from main channel to Aran- H. Doc. 383, 77th Cong., 1st sess. sas Pass, Tex., to provide a depth of 9 feet and width of 100 feet. Mar. 2,1945 Channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from main S. Doc. 248, 78th Cong., 2d sess. channel to Red Fish Landing, Tex., with a turning basin. Do 4..... Channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from main H. Doc. 402, 77th Cong., 1st sess. channel to vicinity of Harlingen, Tex., via Arroyo (See Public Law 14, 79th Cong.) Colorado, with a turning basin. See footnotes at end of table. 582 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Acts Work authorized Documents 1 July 24, 1946 Filling a portion of the shallow-draft channel adja- H. Doc. 627, 79th Cong., 2d sess. cent to the Port Isabel turning basin, construction of a channel to connect the shallow-draft channel with the main channel near the shoreline of Laguna Madre, and enlargement of the shallow-draft chan- nel west of this connection, all to a depth of 12 feet and bottom width of 125 feet. Do- .... Rerouting the main channel along the north shore of H. Doc. 700, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Red Fish Bay between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay with no change in present authorized dimensions and to provide for deepening the tribu- tary channel from Port Aransas to the City of Aran- sas Pass to 12 feet and extension of the turning basin to a length of 2,200 feet at the same depth. May 17,1950 Alternate channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide across H. Doc. 196, 81st Cong., 1st sess. South Galveston Bay between Port Bolivar and the Galveston causeway. Do ...--. " Red Fish Landing" changed to "Port Mansfield, Public Law 516, 81st Cong. Tex." July 12,1952 Incorporate as a part of the Intracoastal Waterway, Public Law 527, 82d Cong., 2d a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the sess., and H. Doc. 247, 76th main channel by way of Seadrift to a point on the Cong., 1st sess. Guadalupe River 3 miles above Victoria, Tex., authorized by River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945. Sept. 3,1954 Small craft harbor 9 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 1,000 H. Doc. 478, 81st Cong., 2d sess. feet long at Seadrift with an entrance channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide connecting with the side channel to Seadrift. Do-_ _ __ Widen tributary channel between Port Aransas and H. Doc. 376, 83d Cong., 2d sess. the city of Aransas Pass to 125 feet; straighten and widen to 125 feet the connecting channel to Conn Brown Harbor, and maintaining Conn Brown Harbor at Federal expenses, all to a depth of 12 feet. i H. Doc. 230, 76th Cong., 1st sess., and the project documents contain the latest published maps. 2Dredging upper 33 miles to be restudied. 3 To be restudied. 4 Dredging upper 5 miles to be restudied. Operating and care of the waterway was included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26,1934. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for portions to be restudied and the following, local interests being required to: (1) furnish free of cost to the United States rights-of-way and spoil- disposal areas for construction and maintenance for rerouting the main channel along the north shore of Red Fish Bay between Aran- sas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay (act of July 24, 1946) ; (2) for the tributary channel in the Colorado River, provide without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance (act of June 20, 1938) ; (3) for the navigation channel on the Guadalupe River to Victoria, Tex., furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for construction and for subsequent maintenance as required, hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may result from the construction and maintenance of the channel, bear all costs of required bridge modi- fication and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide adequate terminal facilities, including turning basins at Seadrift and Victoria; (4) for the refuge harbor for small craft at Seadrift, furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 583 struction and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and subsequent maintenance; and construct and maintain without cost to the United States suitable mooring facilities with free and equal ac- cess to all vessels during storm periods (act of Sept. 3, 1954) ; and (5) for widening to 125 feet the tributary channel from Port Aransas to the City of Aransas Pass, including the channel into Conn Brown Harbor, furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and subse- quent maintenance, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project (act of Sept. 3, 1954). Terminal facilities. There are terminal facilities at Orange, Port Arthur, Galveston, Freeport, Port Lavaca, Port Aransas, Corpus Christi, Port Isabel, and Brownsville where this waterway coincides with channels improved under other projects. (See Port Series No. 22 (Revised 1946), No. 23 (Revised 1948), and No. 25 (Revised 1948), Corps of Engineers, and reports on Freeport Harbor; Channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca, and Brazos Island Harbor, Tex.). There are privately owned piers and wharves at Port Bolivar, Palacios, Rockport, Seadrift, and Aransas Pass, and municipal wharves at Palacios and Aransas Pass. An assembling basin 300 feet wide by 5,500 feet long with mooring facilities, Government owned, was completed in December 1954 at Port Bolivar, Texas, for inter- change purposes of navigation between shallow and deep draft chan- nels. The facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work under contract for turfing at the Colorado River locks during the period July 1 to 20, 1954, was performed at a cost of $4,382. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for the construction of mooring walls at the Colorado River locks were made at a cost of $1,954, and work under contract during the period November 4 to April 21, 1955, was performed at a cost of $167,179. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for slope protection at the Colorado River locks were made at a cost of $31. Maintenance: The Mud Bayou Bridge near High Island, Tex., the Brazos River Floodgates near Freeport, Tex., and the Colorado River Locks near Matagorda, Tex., were operated and maintained by hired labor at a cost of $57,855, $67,018, and $34,139 respectively. Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $98,212. Work under contract for driving 28 mooring clusters at the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway entrance channel near Port Bolivar during the period from September 3 to October 9, 1954, was performed at a cost of $7,610. Work under contract was continued during the period July 1 to 30, 1954, for repairs to the East Floodgate at the Colorado River locks at a cost of $20,473. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for the construction of an access road and retaining wall at Mud Bayou Bridge was done at a cost of $563 and work under contract during the period September 3, 1954, to February 11, 1955, 584 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 was performed at a cost of $31,356. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for the renewal of Guidewall and Gate protection Tim- bers (Old West Gate) Colorado River locks were made at a cost of $379 and work under contract during the period March 25 to April 29, 1955, was performed at a cost of $8,822. Work under contract for rehabilitation of existing water well at the Colorado River locks was performed during the period March 15 to 25, 1955, at a cost of $1,552. Work on the experimental cathodic protection system at the Brazos River Floodgates during the period February 1 to June 30, 1955, was performed by hired labor at a cost of $3,244. The removal of snags, stumps, trees and other debris from the channel between the Brazos River and Matagorda Bay by Government plant and hired labor was done during the period from June 7 to 30, 1955, at a cost of $5,024. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for dredging between High Island and Port Bolivar were made at a cost of $2,682. Work under contract for construction of Rest Piers for the Mud Bayou Railroad Bridge during the period June 9 to 30, 1955, was performed at a cost of $189. A total of 7,049,192 cubic yards of material was removed by con- tract from 339,965 linear feet of channel at a cost of $751,253 as follows : Cubic yards Linear feet Location Period of channel of channel Cost dredged cubic yards Freeport Harbor to Gulf, Tex-_ July 1 to Oct. 2, 1954 ....... 504, 546 47, 820 $66, 243 San Antonio and Aransas Bays_ July 18 to Oct. 17, 1954 -_--_ 2, 158, 915 113, 800 182, 015 Matagorda, Tex., to Matagorda July 1 to Sep 4, 1954-..... _ 708, 476 45, 318 56, 436 Bay. Assembling Basin, Entrance Sep. 3 to Dec. 9 1954...--------- 1, 326, 496 12, 500 132, 790 Channel near Pt. Bolivar, Tex. In Red Fish Bay_------------ Dec. 30, 1954 to Apr. 4, 1955. 876, 620 28, 937 111, 182 Tributary channel to Harlingen_ May 2 to June 30, 1955 ..._ _ _ 593, 919 24, 390 75, 327 Galveston Channel to Bastrop Feb. 8 to June 30, 1955 - 725, 268 59, 200 91, 262 Bay. Pt. Isabel to Mud Flats-....... Additional costs on contract ........---...-------------......... 8,530 completed in June 1954. Southerly shore Corpus Christi Apr. 1 to 28, 1955------____ 154, 952 8, 000 27, 468 Bay. The total cost of all work during the fiscal year was $1,263,917 of which $173,546 was for new work and $1,090,371, including $225,590 for operation and care of Mud Bayou bridge, Brazos River floodgates and Colorado River locks was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 73 percent complete exclusive of portions to be restudied. The dredging of the main channel from the Sabine River to Rockport and from Cor- pus Christi Bay to Port Isabel was completed. The tributary chan- nel in the San Bernard River was completed to 26 miles upstream. The tributary channel via the Arroyo Colorado to Harlingen was completed to the Southern Pacific Railroad bridge about 5 miles east RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 585 of Harlingen, Tex. The tributary channel to Palacios, to Aransas Pass, and Rockport, Tex., were completed. Channel to and turning basin at Port Mansfield were completed. Shallow draft side chan- nels in the vicinity of Port Isabel, Tex., were completed. Construc- tion of a railway bridge near High Island, Tex., of two floodgates at the Brazos River crossing, and of two floodgates at the Colorado River crossing were completed. Conversion of Colorado River flood- gates into locks has been completed except for erosion control in the lock chambers. Work remaining consists of dredging the modified route of the main channel in the vicinity of Aransas Pass, Tex., tributary channel in the Colorado River, dredging tributary channel to Victoria, Tex., including the side channel to and harbor of refuge at Seadrift; widen- ing the tributary channel to Aransas Pass, Tex., and completing the conversion of floodgates at the Colorado River crossing into locks. The controlling depths over usable widths at mean low water were 11.0 feet from the Sabine River to Galveston; 10.9 feet from Galves- ton to Freeport Harbor; 10.5 feet from Freeport Harbor to the Col- orado River; 11 feet from the Colorado River to Port O'Connor; 8.4 feet from Port O'Connor to Corpus Christi; 11 feet from Corpus Christi Bay to Banderia Island (Mile 616 west of Harvey lock); 10 feet from Banderia Island to the Arroyo Colorado; 10.9 feet from the Arroyo Colorado to Port Isabel; Colorado River flood discharge chan- nel, 1 foot across Gulf bar, 9.0 feet to main channel, 8.0 feet in the lower 26-mile reach and 2.3 feet in the upper reach of the tributary channel in the San Bernard River; 8.2 feet in the lower 2-mile reach, 3.3 feet in the lower 8-mile reach and not navigable in the reach above mile 8 of the tributary channel in the Colorado River; 7.2 feet in the harbor basin and 8.8 feet in the dredged portion of the tributary chan- nel to Rockport, Tex.; 8.7 feet in the tributary channel to Palacios, Tex.; 2 feet in the Bay across San Antonio Bay to. Seadrift, but 0 feet along the proposed location of channel to Victoria; 10 feet in the trib- utary channel to Aransas Pass, Tex.; 0 feet in the branch channel into Barroom Bay; 9.8 feet in the channel to Port Mansfield; 8.0 feet in the completed portion of the tributary channel to Harlingen, Tex.; and 9.2 feet in the side channels at Port Isabel, Tex. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as fol- lows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds 1- ---------- ----.----------- $24, 665, 679 $12, 998, 812 $37, 664, 491 Public Works funds----------------------------------- 466, 477 --------------- 466, 477 Total---------------- ............----------------------.25, 132, 156 2 12, 998, 812 38, 130, 968 1Includes Guadalupe River, Tex. 2 Does not include the following cost for operation and care: The total cost of operation and care of the Mud Bayou Bridge, Brazos River Floodgates, and the Colorado River Floodgates and/or locks to June 30, 1955, was $4,816,967, including $33,173 of permanent indefinite appropriation funds. 586 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 New work: Appropriated---------.. $900, 000 $925, 386 $1, 143, 000 $649, 600 $33, 000 $25, 876, 146 Cost--------- -------- 734,142 778, 167 1,891, 733 729, 309 2 173, 133 25, 838, 864 Maintenance: Appropriated--------.... 1, 478, 661 1, 356, 489 1, 424, 590 1,381,462 570, 200 19, 342, 344 Cost ....---------- 1, 562, 860 1, 274, 321 1, 766, 375 888,880 3 1, 092, 600 19, 334, 508 1Includes $706,709 for new work and $1,526,564 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Difference of $413 between fiscal year 55 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of over-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. 3 Difference of $2,229 between fiscal year 55 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 __-___.- $26, 072 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__- 5, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------------- 31,072 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------------- 1 9, 269, 000 i Excludes portions deferred for restudy. 3. GALVESTON HARBOR AND CHANNEL, TEX. Location. This is a consolidation of the authorized improvements at Galveston, Tex., which includes the projects formerly identified as Galveston Harbor, Tex.; Galveston Channel, Tex.; and the Gal- veston seawall extension. The entrance to Galveston Harbor is lo- cated on the Gulf of Mexico, on the northern portion of the coast of Texas, 328 miles west of Southwest Pass on the Mississippi River and 278 miles northeast from the mouth of the Rio Grande. Galveston Channel extends from a point in Galveston Harbor between Bolivar Peninsula and Fort Point across the former inner bar to and along the wharf front of Galveston, and has a length of about 5 miles and a width of 1,200 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 520.) Previous projects. The original project for the improvement of Galveston Harbor, Tex., was authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, June 14, 1880, and August 5, 1886. For fur- ther details see page 1854, Annual Report for 1915, and page 851, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project provides for a channel 800 feet wide and 38 feet deep, from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico to a point between the jetties 2 miles west of the seaward end of the north jetty, thence 800 feet wide and 36 feet deep to Bolivar Roads; a chan- nel 36 feet deep at mean low tide and 1,200 feet wide from Bolivar Roads (outer end of the old inner bar near Fort Point) to 43d Street, for two rubblestone jetties extending from Galveston Island (on the south) and Bolivar Peninsula (on the north) into the Gulf of Mexico (the south jetty being 35,900 feet long and the north jetty 25,907 feet long) ; the construction of 13 groins to protect the seawall along the Gulf shore from about 12th to 61st Street, Galveston, Tex.; for an RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 587 extension of the seawall, which lies along the Gulf front of Galves- ton, from its angle at 6th Street and Broadway to the south jetty, with protection at its junction with the south jetty, and for an exten- sion of the existing seawall in a southwesterly direction from its pres- ent terminus near 61st Street for a distance of approximately 16,300 feet along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. Under ordinary conditions, the mean tidal range in Galveston Har- bor is 1.6 feet on the outer bar and 1.4 feet on the inner bar with ex- treme ranges of 2.3 and 2.1 feet, respectively. The mean tidal range in Galveston Channel is about 1.3 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet under ordinary conditions. The height of the tides in both Gal- veston Harbor and Channel is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated cost of new work is $14,037,000 (July 1955), exclu- sive of $3,580,000 contributed by local interests. Extension of the 32-foot channel from 43d to 57th Street in the city of Galveston over a width of 1,200 feet to 51st Street and 1,000 feet thence to 57th Street is to be restudied and the cost of the modifications including these portions is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of the modifications was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $1,944,000, of which $1,611,000 has been completed. The latest ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of the project is $634,- 000 (July 1955), exclusive of $5,300,000 (July 1955) estimated cost of rehabilitating jetties. The existing project was.authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5,1886 Construction of 2 rubblestone jetties at entrance to H. Doc. 85, 49th Cong., 1st sess., Galveston Harbor. and Annual Report, 1886, p. 1311. June 13,1902 A channel 1,200 feet wide and 30 feet deep from Bolivar H. Doc. 264, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Roads (outer end1 of the old inner bar near Fort Point) to 51st St. Mar. 3,1905 Purchase or construction of a hydraulic pipeline Specified in act. dredge. Mar. 2,1907 Extension of the jetties to present project length and H. Doe. 340, 59th Cong., 2d sess., construction and operation of a dredge. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 11, 59th Cong., 2d Do- --._ Extension of Galveston Channel from 51st to 57th Sts., with depth of 30 feet and width of 700 feet. 2 sess. H. Doe. 768, 59th Cong., 2d sess. June 25, 1910 Conditional extension of the Galveston Channel H. Doc. 328, 61st Cong., 2d sess. between 51st and 57th Sts.,2 with a depth of 30 feet and a width of 1,000 feet. July 27,1916 Extension of the sea wall at Galveston from angle at H. Doc. 1390, 62d Cong., 3d sess. 6th St. and Broadway to a point abreast of the nearest battery at Fort San Jacinto. July 18,1918 Deepening the harbor channel to 35 feet and widening H. Doc. 758, 65th Cong., 2d sess. to 800 feet for an experimental period of 2 years. Sept. 22,1922 Further extension of the seawall at Galveston to a H. Doc. 693, 66th Cong., 2d sess. junction with the south jetty and protection of this junction; and for repairing the seawall in front of the Fort Crockett Reservation. Jan. 21, 1927 Deepening Galveston Channel to 32 feet; and main- H. Doe. 307, 69th Cong., 1st sess. tenance of Galveston harbor channels to dimen- sions of 800 feet wide, 35 feet 3 deep on outer bar and 34 feet deep on inner bar. Aug. 30, 1935 4 Maintenance of State Highway Ferry Landing Chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee nels to dimensions of 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide. Doc. 31, 72d 'Cong., lstsess. See footnotes at end of table. 588 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 Construction of 13 groins along Gulf Shore from 12th H. Doc. 400, 73d Cong., 2d sess. to 61st Sts., in city of Galveston, at a limited cost of $234,000. (10 groins were constructed under this limitation.) Do-...... Deepening Galveston Channel to 34 feet from Bolivar Rivers and Harbors Committee Roads to 43d St. Doc. 61, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Do....... Deepening Galveston Entrance Channel to 36 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee from the Gulf of Mexico to a point 2 miles west of Doc. 57, 74th Cong., 1st sess. seaward end of north jetty. Apr. 4, 1938 5 Completion of the project for the construction of 13 Public Law 463, 75th Cong. groins. June 30,1948 Deepening Galveston Harbor to 38 feet from the 6H. Doc. 561, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Gulf to a point 2 miles west of seaward end of north jetty and 36 feet thence'to Bolivar Roads; revoking authority for maintenance of ferry channels, and deepening Galveston Channel to 36 feet from Bolivar Roads to 43d St., provided that no dredging be done by the United States within 50 feet of any existing pierhead, plerhead line, wharf, or structure. 6 H. Doc. 173, 81st Cong., 1st sess. May 17,1950 Constructing an extension of the existing Galveston seawall from its present terminus near 61st St., in a southwesterly direction for a distance of approxi- mately 16,300 feet along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. 1 Dredging 46th to 53d Streets to be restudied. 2 To be restudied. 8Deepening 43d to 57th Streets to be restudied. 4 Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. 5 Public Law No. 463, 75th Cong. 6 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the furnish- ing by local interests of assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from claims for damages due to the construction and maintenance of the Galveston Channel portion of the project as modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948, and furnishing land ease- ments required by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, in connection with the extension of the Galveston seawall subsequent to the initial extension by local interests. Terminal facilities. There are no terminals on Galveston Har- bor, but it is the entrance channel leading to the extensive terminal facilities located on Galveston Channel, Texas City Channel, and Houston Ship Channel. The terminal facilities on Galveston Chan- nel are located almost entirely on the south side of the channel. The principal wharves are owned by the city of Galveston and extend from 10th Street to 41st Street. Piers and transit sheds have been reconstructed and timber bulkheads and aprons have been re- placed with steel bulkheads, and concrete aprons and concrete slab decks at piers 10, 11, 12, 34, 35, 36, 37, and 38. Pier 40 will be similarly reconstructed in the near future. (Code Nos. 958, 917, 915, 912, 910, 909, and 907, Port Series No. 23, revised 1948.) Fa- cilities are listed in the above Port Series and Port Series No. 6, Part 1, Corps of Engineers, and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condi- tion surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $16,686. Minor repairs to the existing seawall extension, slope and pavement were made at a cost of $994. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 589 A total of 3,838,811 cubic yards of material was removed from 64,600 linear feet of channel at a cost of $524,148, as follows: Cubic Linear Government plant Location Period yards feet of Cost or contract removed channel dredged Government Hop- Inner and outer bar July 18 to Sept 6, 519, 973 31, 900 $110,917 per Dredge A. channels. 1954. Mackenzie. Government Hop- .... do....--------------- Jan. 2 to Apr. 4, 580,644 13,800 185,978 per Dredge A. 1955. Mackenzie. Government Hop- Inner bar channel-....... June 30, 1955 ...-- 4, 968 5, 000 1, 136 per Dredge A. Mackenzie. Contract-.........--------... Galveston channel _-.. . Mar. 31 to June 30, 2, 733, 226 13, 900 226, 117 1955. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $541,828. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 50 percent complete exclusive of inactive portions. The jetties were completed in 1910. The 35-foot harbor channel was completed in 1922. The first seawall extension, with fill and paving, was completed in 1926. The 36-foot outer bar harbor channel and the 34-foot Gal- yeston Channel from Fort Point light to 43d Street was completed in the fiscal year 1938. The groins along the gulf side of Galveston seawall were completed in 1939. The inner and outer harbor bar channels were completed in the fiscal year 1950 to depths of 36 and 38 feet, respectively. The westward extension of the Galveston sea- wall, with fill and paving was approximately 26 percent complete at the end of fiscal year 1954. The work remaining, exclusive of portions to be restudied, consists of dredging Galveston Channel to a depth of 36 feet from Bolivar Roads to 43d Street; and completing the 16,300-foot extension of the existing Galveston seawall from its present terminus approximately 5,400 feet southwest of 61st Street in a southwesterly direction along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. The controlling depth below mean low tide in the outer bar harbor channel, the inner bar harbor channel, and Galveston Channel were 38 feet, 36 feet, and 31 feet, respectively. The total cost of the exist- ing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total United States funds (regular): Channel_----- 4, 713, 760 $------------------------------- $12, 923, 210 $17, 636, 970 Seawal-----------------------------__-______ 2, 289, 214 160, 111 2, 449, 325 Public Works funds----- -------------------------------------- 13,121 13,121 Total United States funds-. 7, 002, 974 13, 096, 442 20, 099, 416 Contributed funds..--------------------------------- 3,..... 3,580, 275 Total cost of project ....------------------...................... 10, 583, 249 13, 096, 442 23, 679, 691 590 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated-.......----------------------------------------- ----------------- $15, 424, 970 Cost__----------------------- --------- ------------ ----------------------- 15,424,970 Maintenance: Appropriated.......--------.. Cost ----------------- $426,050 271,534 $155, 400 329,109 $428, 077 438,368 $383, 400 376,236 3$602, 220 545,105 13, 252, 995 13,184,018 1 Includes $8,421,996 for new work and $86,126 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $3,580,275 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Difference of $3,277 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and re- sults during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954 in the amount of $1,827 and over-estimation of prepayments for June 1955 in the amount of $1,450. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -_---------- _ 1 $8, 645, 000 1 Excludes portions deferred for restudy. 4. TEXAS CITY CHANNEL, TEX. Location. Texas City is on the mainland of Texas on the west side of Galveston Bay, about 10 miles northwest of the city of Galveston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 520 and 1282.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1899, and enlarged by River and Harbor Act approved June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. 328, 61st Cong., 2d sess.). For further details see page 1856, Annual Report for 1915, and page 858, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 36 feet deep at mean low tide and 400 feet wide on bottom from deepwater in Galveston Harbor to the harbor at Texas City, a distance of about 61/2 miles, with a pile dike on its north side 28,200 feet long covered with clay and other material dredged from the channel, with a harbor 1,000 feet wide on bottom and 36 feet deep at mean low tide extending approxi- mately 4,250 feet to the southward of the south property line of the Monsanto Chemical Co., and for the construction of a rubble-mound dike a short distance south of the existing pile dike and extending be- tween stations -1+600 (the shore) and 26+000, a distance of 27,600 feet. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1.3 feet and the extreme range is about 2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimate of cost for new work is $3,338,000 (July 1955) ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $28,700 contributed by local interests. The latest approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance of the channel and dike is $164,000 (July 1955) exclusive of $750,000 (July 1955) estimated cost of re- habilitating rubble mound dike. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 591 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4, 1913 A channel 300 feet wide and 30 feet deep and construc- H. Doc. 1390, 62d Cong., 3d sess. tion of a pile dike 28,200 feet long north of channel. July 3, 1930 For a harbor 800 feetwide and 30 feet deep at Texas H. Do . 107, 71st Cong., 1st sess. City, and the construction of a rubble-mound dike. Aug. 30, 19351 Rivers Extension of rubble-mound dike to the shore line ______ and Harbors Committee Doc. 4, 73d Cong., 1st sess. Do __. _ Deepening the channel and harbor to 32 feet ........ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 46, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Do __.....Deepening the channel and harbor to 34 feet ..- .... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 62, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 An extension to the harbor, 1,000 feet southward, 800 Rivers and Harbors Committee feet wide and 34 feet deep, provided that no dredging Doc. 47, 75th Cong., 1st sess. be done by the United States within 75 feet of any pierhead line or structure. June 30, 1948 Deepen channel and harbor to 36 feet, widening H. Doc. 561, 80th Cong., 2d sess. channel to 400 feet and harbor to 1,000 feet and (contains latest published maps). changing name of project to "Texas City Channel. Tex.," provided no dredging be done by the United States within 50 feet of any existing pierhead, pierhead line, wharf, or structure. 1 Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. Local cooperation. Under the provisions of the River and Harbor Acts of August 26, 1937, and June 30, 1948, local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required and release the United States from claims for damages attributable to the work of improvement and furnish assurance satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will construct a common-carrier oil terminal substantially as proposed. None of these conditions have been complied with. All prior require- ments have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Modern terminal facilities, privately owned, are located on the mainland at the inner end of this channel and are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series, No. 23, revised 1948, Corps of Engineers.) A sea train terminal, privately owned, was completed in 1940. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $4,539. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $4,539. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 69 per- cent complete. The work remaining consists of extending the turning basin 1,000 feet southward and enlarging the project, including the turning basin extension, to a depth of 36 feet over a bottom width of 400 feet in the channel and 1,000 feet in the turning basin. The chan- nel and turning basin, except the authorized extension referred to above, were completed in 1937 to a depth of 34 feet over bottom widths of 300 feet and 800 feet, respectively. The pile dike was completed in 1915; the rubble mound dike in 1934. The controlling depth in the 363037-55-vol. 2- 38 592 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 channel was 32 feet and in the completed portion of the turning basin was 33 feet at mean low tide. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds_ ---------------------------------- $2, 151,680 $4, 346, 693 $6, 498,373 Public Works funds---------------------- ------------ 136, 296 ---------------- _ 136, 296 Total United States funds__---------------- 2, 287, 976 4, 346, 693 6, 634, 669 Contributed funds------------------------ ------------ 28, 741 ----------------- 28, 741 Total all funds ...........-------------------------------- 2, 316, 717 4, 346, 693 6 663, 410 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 12 New work: Appropriated ------------ ------------ ..---.............--- ------------------........... $2, 654, 79 Cost------------------------------------------------------------------- 2, 654, 79 Maintenance: Appropriated----------$5, 798 $129, 000 -$12, 130 $130, 200 -$13, 000 4, 541,984 Cost------------------ 5,800 109, 797 6, 729 112, 851 34,562 4,541,776 1Includes $366,823 for new work and $195,083 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $28,741 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3Difference of $23 between fiscal year 55 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ $1, 050, 000 ---------------- 5. CHANNEL TO PORT BOLIVAR, TEX. Location. Port Bolivar is at the end of Bolivar Peninsula, and 4 miles north of the city of Galveston. The channel connects the port with the channel in Galveston Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 520.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1856, Annual Report for 1915, and page 860, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low tide and 200 feet wide on bottom, beginning at deep water in Galveston Harbor and extending to a turning basin 1,600 feet long, with an average width of about 750 feet and 30 feet deep at mean low tide in front of the wharves. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1.3 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated cost of new work is $85,200 (July 1954), exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest approved estimate RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 593 for annual cost of maintenance of the channel and of a portion of the turning basin in front of the highway ferry landing to a depth of 20 feet over a bottom width of 200 feet is $14,500 (July 1955), these di- mensions being sufficient to accommodate existing commerce. The en- largement of the turning basin from 1,000 to 1,600 feet long is con- sidered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in July 1954, and was estimated to be $71,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Excavation of a channel 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide H. Doc. 328, 61st Cong., 2d sess. with turning basin 1,000 feet square. Mar. 2, 19191 Increase length of turning basin to 1.600 feet and de- H. Doc. 1122, 65th Cong., 2d sess. crease width to about 750 feet. (contains the latest published map). 1Considered to be inactive. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of June 24, 1926, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the project be cur- tailed by providing for a channel depth of 20 feet, 200 feet wide, with a turning basin of the same depth 500 feet square (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminals are privately owned and consist of 2 slips and 2 piers. The piers, 400 feet wide by 1,200 feet long and '210 feet wide by 1,200 feet long, are badly deteriorated and not in use. The slips are used as anchorages by shallow draft vessels. A highway ferry landing owned by the State of Texas is located at the south end of the turning basin. The facilities are considered adequate for ,existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $798. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $798. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 54 percent complete. The channel, 200 feet wide, and turning basin, 1,000 feet square, were completed in 1912. The work remaining consists of the inactive portion. Project dimensions have not been maintained in the completed part since lesser dimensions are adequate for existing commerce. The controlling depths at mean low tide over usable widths were 20 feet in the channel, 7 feet in the turning basin at entrance to slip No. 3, and 11 feet in the channel to the State highway ferry landing. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $696,705, of which $85,214 was for new work and $611,491 was for maintenance. 594 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1958 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated..---- ---- ------ ------------ ------- $133, 925 Cost -------------------- ------------------------------------------------ 133, 925 Maintenance: Appropriated... $8, 665 $4, 500 $470 $7, 000 $8, 930 667,318 Cost------------------ 5, 426 7, 990 371 5, 688 798 657, 592 1 Includes $48,711 for new work and $46,101 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1---------------- 1Considered to be inactive. 6. HOUSTON SHIP CHANNEL, TEX. Location. The channel connects Galveston Harbor, at a point oppo- site Port Bolivar, with the city of Houston, Tex., extending 50 miles in a northwesterly direction across Galveston Bay through the San Jacinto River and Buffalo Bayou to a turning basin at the head of Long Reach with a light draft channel 7 miles long from the turning basin to Main Street, Houston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1282 and 532.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872, modified in 1877, and by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1879; March 3, 1899; February 20, 1900; March 3, 1905; and March 4, 1913. For further details see page 1856 of the Annual Report for 1915 and page 862 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 36 feet deep at mean low tide from deepwater in Galveston Bay to and including the Hous- ton turning basin, with a width of 400 feet from Bolivar Roads to 5,000 feet above Baytown, thence 350 feet to the mouth of Boggy Bayou, thence 300 feet to the Houston turning basin (about 1,000 feet wide) ; for turning points at the mouth of Hunting Bayou and at the lower end of Brady Island; for such off-channel silting basins on any part of the waterway as the Chief of Engineers may consider ad- visable; and for suitable widening of the bends at Lynchburg, Nors- worthy, Manchester, and Harrisburg. The project also provides for suitable widening of the channel in front of the navigation dis- trict's wharf at Manchester; for certain cutoffs and easing of sharp bends; and for a branch channel 10 feet deep at mean low tide and 60 feet wide in the old channel of Buffalo Bayou behind Brady Island. The mean tidal range under ordinary conditions is 0.6 foot to 1.3 feet in the lower part of Galveston Bay; 0.6 foot to 1.3 feet in the upper bay; and 0.5 foot to 1 foot in the San Jacinto River and Buffalo Bayou. The extreme ranges under ordinary conditions are about 2 feet, 1.2 feet, and 1 foot, respectively. Freshets sometimes cause rises of over 12 feet in Buffalo Bayou. The height of the tides, how- ever, is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 595 The estimate of cost for new work is $17,632,000 (July 1955), exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects, and exclusive of $1,365,000 contributed by local interests. The construction of a dike 26,000 feet long in upper Galveston Bay and the light draft extension of the channel, 10 feet deep and 60 feet wide, in Buffalo Bayou from the turning basin to the mouth of White Oak Bayou, portions of the project are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the fore- going estimate. The cost of these portions was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $298,000. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,082,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the Following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 5, 1905 Easing or cutting off sharp bends and construction of Rivers and Harbors Committee a pile dike.' Doc. 35, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1919 A channel 30 feet deep, widening bend at Manchester H. Doc. 1632, 65th Cong., 3d sess. and enlarging the turning basin. Mar. 3, 1925 2 of the channel to the mouth of A light-draft extension H. Doc. 93, 67th Cong., 1st sess. White Oak Bayou. July 3, 1930 Widening the channel through Morgan Point and to H. Doc. 13, 71st Cong., 1st sess. a point 4,000 feet above Baytown and widening certain bends. Aug. 30,19353 Deepening to 32 feet in the main channel and turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin, and for a 400-foot width through Galveston Doc. 28, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Bay. Do_ _ __ Deepening to 34 feet in main channel and widening Rivers and Harbors Committee from Morgan Point to turning basin. Doc. 58, 74th Cong., 1st sess. -Mar. 2, 1945 Branch channel4 10 feet deep and 60 feet wide behind H. Doc. 226, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Brady Island. Do_-..__ Widening the channel from Morgan Point to lower H. Doe. 256, 76th Cong., 1st sess. end of Fidelity Island with turning points at the mouth of Hunting Bayou and lower end of Brady Island.5 Do _-_-__. Widening the channel from lower end of Fidelity H. Doc. 737, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Island to Houston turning basin and dredging off- channel silting basins.5 June 30, 1948 Deepening the 36 feet from Bolivar Roads to and in- H. Doc. 561, 80th Cong., 2d sess. eluding main turning basin at Houston, Tex., (contains latest published map). including turning 5 points at Hunting Bayou and Brady Island. 1 Construction of pile dike considered to be inactive. 2 Considered to be inactive. 3 Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. 4 No dredging within 15 feet of any wharf or structure. + No dredging within 50 feet of any wharf or structure. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the inactive portions of the project and part of the work authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945, and June 30, 1948, which is subject to the provisions that local interests shall furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way for the widening and deepening of the channel and suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material during initial construction and for future maintenance as and when needed, and release the United States from all claims for damages due to the construction and. maintenance of the project. Release from damage liability has been accepted by the Secretary of the Army. Local cooperation remaining consists of acquiring land easements from Greens Bayou to the turning basin at Houston, Tex. Terminal facilities. The city of Houston and the Harris County Houston Ship Channel Navigation District have constructed modern terminals which supplement privately owned wharves. The existing facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port 596 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Series No. 24 (revised 1948), Corps of Engineers.) Dock No. 9, 500 feet long, and dock No. 16, 598 feet long, have been built in the turning basin since 1948 by the navigation district for public use, and construc- tion of dock No. 8, 624 feet long is completed and in public use since June 1954. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $36,243. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for rehabil- itation of levee around spoil-disposal areas near Pasadena, Tex., and for dredging shoal area from Morgan Point to Baytown were made at a cost of $3,388 and $215, respectively. A total of 5,338,753 cubic yards of material was removed from 75,300 linear feet of channel at a cost of $673,622 as follows: Cubic Linear Contract Location Period yards feet of Cost removed channel dredged Contract-.... Morgan Point to Red Nov. 22, 1954, Mar. 30, 4, 763, 716 66, 300 $402, 159 Fish Reef. 1955. Contract-..... Washburn Tunnel to May 20 to June 30, 1955__ 575, 037 9, 000 271, 463 Sims Bayou. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $713,468. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 79 percent complete exclusive of the inactive portions. The 34-foot project was completed in 1941. The 36-foot project has been completed from Bolivar Roads to Green's Bayou. Work remaining consists of dredging light-draft extension of chan- nel from the turning basin to the mouth of White Oak Bayou and constructing a dike 26,000 feet long to protect the completed channel in upper Galveston Bay now considered to be inactive; dredging a light-draft channel behind Brady Island; and widening and deepen- ing from Green's Bayou to the turning basin, including turning points at Hunting Bayou and Brady Island. The controlling depths at mean low tide were as follows:.Bolivar Roads to Morgan Point, 33 feet; Morgan Point to Baytown, 33 feet; Baytown to Boggy Bayou, 35 feet; Boggy Bayou to Manchester, 31 feet; Manchester to the turning basin, 34 feet; in the turning basin, 35 feet; light-draft channel from turning basin to mouth of White Oak Bayou, 6 feet; and channel behind Brady Island 5.0 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds $10, 819, 405 $17, 542, 241 $28, 361, 646 Public Works funds_ .________--_____________-________ 2, 612, 932 ________________ 2, 612, 932 Total United States funds------------_ ---- _ 13, 432, 337 17, 542, 241 30, 974, 578 Contributed funds__________ ____________________ __ 1, 365, 000 1,365, 000 Total all funds __ ....... ________________________ 14, 797, 337 17, 542, 241 32, 339, 578 RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 597 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 195112 New work: Appropriated ---------.. ... $800, 000 $909, 000 -$27, 000 -$8, 198 _ _ $17,537,494 Cost--_______-- __ 1, 083,008 578, 167 596, 680- ---- ----------- 17, 537, 494 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... 888, 812 993, 000 202, 900 585, 270 $540, 050 18, 841, 179 Cost___--____----- ___ 589, 162 1, 023, 671 715, 192 467, 787 8713, 228 18, 755, 382 1 Includes $4,105,157 for new work and $1,213,142 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $2,574,179 for new work and $200,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 3 Difference of $240 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of overestimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $776, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________________________________ ________ 776, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____________ ____________ 1 3, 424, 600 1 Excludes portions considered to be inactive. 7. DOUBLE BAYOU, TEX. Location. This bayou enters upper Galveston Bay on the east side about 30 miles north of Galveston and about 81/4 miles south of Anahuac. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Existing project. The existing project provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide through the bar at the mouth of Double Bayou. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.5 foot and the extreme range is about 1.2 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the winds, and, during strong "northers" in the winter season, the water surface may be depressed 1 /2 feet below mean low tide. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1899 (H. Doc. 387, 55th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities on this waterway are confined to small wharves for local use and an oil dock. They are considered adequate for the present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $738. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications were made for dredging the channel at a cost of $259 and work was performed under the contract during the period August 7 to 20, 1954, removing 72,881 cubic yards of material over a channel length of 6,700 feet at a cost of $16,374. Total cost of all work for fiscal year was $17,371. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1941. The controlling depth was 5.5 feet at mean low tide. The 598 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $235,187, of which $10,310 was for new work and $224,877 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-- ----------. $10, 310 ..-------------.---- Cost_______. _____.. 10,310 Maintenance: Appropriated_-- _--_ _ $18, 925 -$500 $920 $22, 900 -$4, 200 224, 969 Cost------------- ---- 18, 507 455 710 1, 481 1 17, 375 224, 877 1 Difference of $4 between fiscal year 55 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of underestimation of prepayments for June 1954. 8. ANAHUAC CHANNEL, TEX. Location. The town of Anahuac is on the northeast side of upper Galveston or Trinity Bay, opposite the mouth of the Trinity River, 38 miles north of Galveston and 25 miles northeast of Seabrook. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Existing project. There is no definite project for this channel. The River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1905, contained an item for "Improving West Galveston Bay Channel, Double Bayou, and mouths of adjacent streams, including Trinity River, Anahuac Chan- nel, and Cedar Bayou," but at the time of the appropriation no rec- ommendation of definite channel dimensions had been made to Con- gress. A channel 6 feet deep at mean low tide and 80 feet wide was dredged in 1905 from Galveston Bay to the wharves at Anahuac, a distance of 16,000 feet. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.75 foot and the extreme range is about 1.2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 11/2 feet below mean low tide. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $34,000 (July 1955). The latest published map is contained in House Document No. 440, 56th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities are at Anahuac and consist of several small privately owned wharves and slips for local use. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $836. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $836. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1911. The controlling depth was 6 feet at mean low tide. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $596,031, of which $5,975 was for new work and $590,056 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 599 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June • 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated_ ------------------------------------------------------------ $5, 975 Cost -- ---------------------- .---------- ----------------------- ------------ 5, 975 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- .... $15, 926 $27, 300 -$2, 500 $34, 140 $850 590, 079 Cost----------------- 19, 270 1, 291 27, 431 34, 439 1 838 590, 076 1 Difference of $2 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of underestimation of prepayments for June 1954. 9. TRINITY RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, TEX. Location. This river rises in north central Texas and flows south- easterly about 760 miles, discharging into Galveston Bay, 37 miles northeasterly from Galveston (U. S. Geological Survey base map, Texas, scale 1: 500,000). Previous projects. The project outlined in House Document No. 409, 56th Congress, 1st session, was adopted in part by the River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, March 3, 1905, March 2, 1907, June 25, 1910, July 25, 1912, March 4, 1913, and July 27, 1916, each of which acts authorized the construction of certain named locks and dams. The portion of the project relating to locks and dams construction was abandoned by the River and Harbor Act of September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1113 of Annual Report for 1921, and page 986 of Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. With abandonment of the lock and dam construc- tion, the improvement of the Trinity River by a channel 6 feet deep and of navigable width from the mouth to Liberty (river mile 41.4) was left as the existing project, being continued as provided for in the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912. The existing project was modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, which approved a comprehensive plan of development of the Trinity River and tributaries, Tex., in accordance with the recommendations set forth in House Document No. 403, 77th Congress, 1st session, subject to such future modifications as in the discretion of the Chief of Engi- neers and the Secretary of the Army may be advisable. That com- prehensive plan of development provided for a navigable channel from a point in Galveston Bay at the Houston Ship Channel to a terminus at Fort Worth, Tex. Such navigable channel was to be not less than 9 feet in depth, and to have a minimum bottom width of 200 feet in Galveston Bay and 150 feet in the river section on tangents, with shunting places and suitable widening on curves, and with a turning basin at Liberty. The navigation locks would have clear inside dimensions of 75 feet by 400 feet. The 1945 act, however, au- thorized for construction at this time only that portion of the channel as far upstream as Liberty, Tex. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, further modified the comprehensive plan for the Trinity River Basin development so as to locate the section of the navigation channel below Anahuac nearer the eastern shore of Trinity Bay, in accordance with the recommenda- 600 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tions of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 634, 79th Congress, 2d session. This modification provides for a navigation channel 9 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the Houston Ship Channel near Red Fish Reef along the easterly shore of Galveston Bay with a protective embankment to the mouth of the Trinity River near Anahuac. The estimated Federal cost of this portion of the comprehensive plan below Liberty is $7,750,000 (1949), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. This portion of the project is being restudied. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and oper- ation is $120,000 (July 1955). The latest published maps are con- tained in House Document No. 634, 79th Congress. The estimated first cost to the United States of the approved com- prehensive plan for canalization to Fort Worth is $96 million (1939 prices), with $1,760,000 annually for maintenance and operation. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range in the bay is from about 0.6 foot to about 1.2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong northerly winds in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 1.5 feet below mean low tide. Local cooperation. The work recommended in House Document 403, 77th Congress, is authorized subject to the conditions that local interests furnish necessary rights-of-way, suitable areas for disposal of dredging material, and make necessary changes in utilities crossing the natural river channel below Liberty; and give assurances satis- factory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide adequate terminal and transfer facilities on the waterway, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages that may result from construction and operation of the improvements. Local interests have not complied with conditions of local coopera- tion for the portion of the channel from Anahuac to Liberty, but have fully complied with the conditions contained in House Docu- ment 634, 79th Congress, 2d session, for the completed portion of the channel below Anahuac. Terminal facilities. There are 5 wharves on this river between the mouth and a point 38 miles upstream at Liberty, Tex. Four range from 10 to 20 feet in length; the fifth, at Liberty, is 150 feet in length. All are privately owned, and usage is free at all except one. One has a hand derrick; the other four have no freight handling facilities. They have no physical connection with any railroad. They are adequate for the existing commerce, and there is ample room for future enlargement. The Texas Gulf Sulphur Co. has constructed a channel 12.5 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 4,500 feet long from mile 11.1 on the Trinity River to a slip 12.5 feet deep, 380 feet wide, and 1,320 feet long, with terminal and transfer facilities for the unloading of sulphur from the Moss Bluff mines. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $1,569. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $1,569. Condition at end of fiscal year. The navigation channel below Liberty, Tex., is 13 percent complete. The original project was com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 601 pleted in 1925. The channel from its junction with the Houston Ship Channel to a point 1 mile below Anahuac, Tex., has been dredged to a depth of 9 feet below mean low tide over a bottom width of 150 feet. The controlling depth between the Houston Ship Channel and a point 1 mile below Anahuac, Tex., was 2.5 feet at mean low tide. The con- trolling depth between the mouth of the Trinity River and mile 28.5 was 7 feet, and 3 feet thence to Liberty. Authorized construction re- maining under the comprehensive plan consists of completing that portion of the navigation channel from 1 mile below Anahuac to Liberty, Tex. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $1,272,803, of which $1,042,660 was for new work and $230,143 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 195112 New work: Appropriated- --_ -$39, 570 -$6, 525 ____________________________________ $2, 933, 066 Cost_ ___________ __ 106, 000 6, 913 $1, 195 _ ....... 2, 933, 066 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- Cost --------------- 11, 984 11,204 17, 460 4,502 42, 555 47,927 $5, 900 12,048 -$650 3 1,567 773, 806 773,805 I Includes $1,956,406 for new work and $543,662 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $66,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Differene of $2 between fiscal year 55 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results ,durin fiscal year" is due to liquidation of overestimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------------- $6, 707, 339 10. CEDAR BAYOU, TEX. Location. This bayou is about 30 miles long. It flows to the south and empties into the northwest corner of upper Galveston Bay, about 11/2 miles below the mouth of San Jacinto River and about 281/2 miles north of Galveston, Tex. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of Sep- tember 19, 1890, and July 13, 1892. For further details see page 869, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide from the Houston Ship Channel to a point on the bayou, 11 miles above the mouth. The project also includes the jetties at the mouth of the bayou provided for under the previous project. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.6 foot and the extreme range 1.2 feet. The height of tides is de- pendent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimate of cost for new work is $12,575 (July 1954), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, and $12,576 contributed by local interests. Dredging the channel in Cedar Bayou from the first bend above the mouth to a point 11 miles above the mouth is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost 602 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $41,579 of which $12,424 was to be contributed. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $34,000 (July 1955). The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (S. Doc. 107, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in this document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act, approved July 3, 1930, provides that local interests shall contribute 50 percent of the estimated first cost of the improvement, but not to exceed $25,000, and shall furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary ease- ments, rights-of-way, and dumping grounds. These conditions have not been completely met, but local interests have complied with all the necessary requirements to complete the channel to the first bend in Cedar Bayou above the mouth. The re- maining' work is considered to be inactive. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of a few small wharves, privately owned, for local use located at various places along Cedar Bayou, an oil-loading wharf owned by the Atlantic Pipe Line Co. located one-half mile above the mouth of the bayou, and an oil- loading wharf owned by the Sinclair-Prairie Oil Co. located 11 miles above the mouth of the bayou. The present facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $1,079. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications were made for dredging the channel at a cost of $1,648 and work was per- formed under the contract during the period May 28 to June 30, 1955, removing 110,352 cubic yards of material over a channel length of 3,400 feet at a cost of $15,712. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $18,439. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted, except for the inactive portion. The channel was completed in 1931 to project dimensions from the Houston Ship Channel to the first bend in Cedar Bayou above the mouth. Two brush and stone jetties have been constructed at the mouth of Cedar Bayou. The con- trolling depths at mean low tide were 9 feet from Houston Ship Channel to the first bend in Cedar Bayou above the mouth and 5.5 feet thence to a point in the bayou 11 miles above the mouth. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ________________________________ $12, 575 $397, 094 $409, 669 Contributed funds __________ _______________________ 12, 576 -_ 12, 576 Total........... __-_____ __-_______ ____-_________ 25, 151 397, 094 422, 245 RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 603 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 195112 New work: Appropriated-------- --........--------------....-------------------- .......--...........-----........--------- $51,663 Cost---------------..........---..----------- ------- - ----- 51, 663 Maintenance: . _- Appropriated----- $50, 673 $1, 200 $66, 535 $1, 200 $56, 500 506, 525 Cost------------------ 51, 618 750 66, 045 558 818, 441 466, 878 1 Includes $39,087 for new work and $69,784 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $12,576 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 8 Difference of $2 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and result, during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of underestimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_------- -..- (1) 1Considered to be inactive. 11. CLEAR CREEK AND CLEAR LAKE, TEX. Location. Clear Creek has its source about 13 miles south of Hous- ton, Tex., and flows southeast for a distance of about 25 miles, empty- ing into the west side of upper Galveston Bay at a point 24 miles northwest of Galveston, Tex. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low tide and 75 feet wide from deep water in Galveston Bay to a new entrance to Clear Creek, and a channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide in Clear Creek and Clear Lake to the county highway bridge at League City. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.8 foot and the extreme range is 1.4 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,200 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work °authorized Documents June 13,1902 ..... A channel 4 feet deep and 50 feet wide---- _-_-__- H. Doc.449, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Enlargement of the channel to depth of 6 feet and H. Doc. 264, 73d Cong., 2d sess. width of 60 feet. Mar. 2,1945 Realinement, enlargement, and extension of the chan- H. Doc. 319, 77th Cong., 1st sess. nel to the highway bridge near League City. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of small pri- vately owned wharves for local use located at the town of Seabrook, at the mouth of the creek, and at various points along the length of the waterway. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results d ring fiscal year. Maintenance: Condi- tion surveysixgnd miscellaneous rinspections and reports were made at a cost of $411. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for 604 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 dredging the channel were made at a cost of $627, and work was performed under the contract during the period November 23 to De- cember 5, 1954, removing 46,541 cubic yards of material from 4,619 feet of channel at a cost of $10,222. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $11,260. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted June 14, 1950. The controlling depth at mean low tide was 6 feet to the upper entrance to Clear Creek, thence natural dimen- sions of the creek upstream to the end of the project which are con- sidered adequate for existing traffic. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $181,996,, of which $66,934 was for new work and $115,062 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June -30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: ------------------------ Appropriated......---------. -$9, 057-.......... $66, 934 ost.....---------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 66, 934 Maintenance: Appropriated.....--------_ -- 255 ------------ $1, 270 $1, 800 $10, 780 115, 062 Cost......----------- .. ---.... ---------- ...-------------- 1,086 1, 343 111, 421 115, 062 1Difference of $161 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of underestimation of prepayments for June 1954. 12. CHOCOLATE BAYOU, TEX. Location. The source of the bayou is about 25 miles southwest of Houston and the mouth is in Chocolate Bay, an arm of West Galveston Bay, about 12 miles north of San Luis Pass and 28 miles west of Galveston. It is tidal throughout its length, and the lowest stages occur during the winter season. The authorized section ex- tends from the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Chocolate Bay to the mouth of the bayou, a distance of about 5.6 miles. Existing project. The existing project, adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 445, 56th Cong., 1st sess.); modified by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 337, 76th Cong., 1st sess.); and further modified by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 768, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), provides for a channel 4 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide through Chocolate Bay to the extent neces- sary to afford a connection between Chocolatet Bayou and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1 foot and the extreme range about 11/2 feet. The height of tide is largely dependent on the force and direction of the wind and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 605 The cost of completed new work was $6,512. The widening from 50 feet to 100 feet bottom with portion of the project is to be re- studied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $47,500. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $11,400 (July 1955). The latest published map is contained in House Document No. 768, 80th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of small pri- vately owned wharves located at various points along the bayou. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condi- tion surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $667. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $667. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 12 per- cent complete. The controlling depth in the channel from its con- fluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Chocolate Bay to the mouth of the bayou was 4 feet at mean low tide over a bottom width of 60 feet. The total cost for the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $72,617, of which $6,512 was for new work and $66,105 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated................------------....------------........------------------------------......................----- $6, 512 Cost.. ...---------------------.......---------------------------------- ------------ 6,512 Maintenance: Appropriated-----..... -- $1, 663 ------------ $920 .......... $600 66, 105 Cost... ----- ------------ ....---------------......------- 576 $277 667 66,105 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project--------------------------- (1) I Deferred for restudy. 13. FREEPORT HARBOR, TEX. Location. This harbor is formed by the improvement of the Brazos River, Tex., from the mouth to Freeport, about 6 miles above. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 525.) The mouth of the Brazos River is about 47 miles southwest of Galveston Harbor entrance and about 137 miles northeast of Aransas Pass (Port Aransas). Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details see page 1860 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 872 of Annual Report for 1938. 606 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Existing project. This provides for a project depth of 38 feet at mean low tide in the outer bar channel from that depth in the Gulf of Mexico to a point within the jetties; thence 36 feet in the authorized channels and basins to and including the upper turning basin about one-half mile below the Stauffer Chemical Co. plant, with two turning basins, one 700 by 700 feet at Brazosport and one 600 by 600 feet at the upper end of the channel, the channel to have a width of 300 feet seaward of the jettied entrance, 200 feet from the jettied entrance to the Brazosport turning basin, widened at the bend, and averaging 375 feet, thence to the upper turning basin; the widths in the approaches to the turning basins to converge within a distance of 800 feet from the width of the turning basin to the width of the channel; and for the extension of the channel with a depth of 30 feet and a width of 200 feet to and including a turning basin, 500 by 500 feet, near the Stauffer Chemical Co. plant at Freeport, when required in the interests of commerce and navigation. The work is to be accomplished as may be found desirable, by dredging, by jetties at the mouth of the harbor, and by a diversion dam in the Brazos River, a diversion channel, and necessary auxiliary works in general accord- ance with plan No. 6, as proposed by the district engineer, together with a lock in the diversion dam, approximately 200 feet long, 55 feet wide and 121/2 feet deep over the miter sills. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, modified the act of March 3, 1925, so as to provide that when local interests shall have furnished assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will maintain the diversion channel, the United States shall assume the cost of maintenance of the navigable channel, estimated at $75,000 annually, including care and operation of the lock, if provided (Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 18, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1.5 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet. Freshets in the river, except under extreme conditions, do not cause a greater variation in the water surface than the tidal action. The estimate cost of new work is $1,790,000 (July 1955), exclusive of $758,300 contributed funds. The latest approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $287,000 (July 1955). The construction of a lock in the Brazos River diversion dam at cost of local interests and dredging upper one-half mile of 32-foot channel to vicinity of Stauffer Chemical plant portions of the project are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimates. The cost of these portions was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $29,700 Federal costs and $1,289,700 local costs. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 607 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 Dredging and such other work as may be deemed Specified in act. most effective in the judgment of the Secretary of War in improving and developing the harbor; for taking over the jetties and other privately built works at the mouth of the river. Mar. 2,1907 Examination authorized. The work was subse- H. Doc. 1087, 60th Cong., 2d sess quently confined to maintenance of the jetties. Feb. 27,1911 ------------------ Repairs to jetties and dredging .... Specified in act. Mar. 4,1913 Construction of a seagoing hopper dredge, l the cost Do. to be charged to this improvement and to Aran- sas Pass. Aug. 8,1917 Purchase of one 15-inch pipeline dredge and equip- H. Doc. 1469, 63d Cong., 3d sess. ment, its operation for an experimental period of 3 years, the operation of the seagoing dredge time for 3 years, and repairs to the jetties. Mar. 3, 1925 1 Diversion dam, diversion channel, and necessary Rivers and Harbors Committee auxiliary works. Doc. 10, 68th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 Maintenance of the diversion channel at the expense Rivers and Harbors Committee of local interest. Doc. 18, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug.30,193523 Dredging the channels and turning basins to greater Rivers and Harbors Committee ,depths. (Project completed to within 1 mile of Doc. 15, 72d Cong., 1st sess. the upper limit of the channel with Public Works Administration funds and contributed funds.) Do--....--- Maintenance of the present project dimensions of the Rivers and Harbors Committee channels and turning basins at Federal expense. Does. 15, 72d Cong., 1st4 sess., and 29, 73d Cong., 2d sess. May 17,1950 Deepening outer bar channel to 38 feet, mean low H. Doc. 195, 81st Cong., 1st sess.4 tide, from the gulf to a point within the jetties; thence 36 feet in the authorized channels to and including the upper turning basin. 1 Construction of lock in diversion dam at local expense considered inactive. 2 Dredging upper mile of channel to vicinity Stauffer Chemical plant considered inactive. 3 Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 4 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. All required local cooperation has been fully complied with, except for the inactive portions and the requirements for work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 195, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of small pri- vately owned wharves. Other facilities privately owned are 1 sulfur loading dock, 3 oil docks, an acid dock, and 2 shell unloading docks. The present facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. The Brazos River Harbor Navigation District opened in December 1954 a 200- by 2,500-foot entrance channel to a 600- by 650-foot turn- ing basin with a 650-foot steel and concrete dock and a 150- by 396-foot transit shed over rail facilities permitting all-weather work without damage to cargo. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $13,986. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for dredg- ing the sea bar and jetty channels with U. S. hopper dredge A. Mac- kcenzie were made at a cost of $793 and work was performed during the period September 7 to November 7, 1954, removing 554,610 cubic yards of material over a channel length of 11,800 feet at a cost of $129,220. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for the con- struction of four dredging range towers for the control of hopper dredging on the jetty channel were made at a cost of $837 and work was performed under contract during the period February 7 to April 5, 1955, at a cost of $6,740. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $151,576. 363037-55-vol. 2- 39 608 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The existing project was 68 percent complete, exclusive of inactive portions. The existing project has been improved to a depth of 32 feet to and including the upper turning basin. The work remaining consists of deepening the 32-foot channel to and including the turning basin near Stauffer Chemical Co. plant and constructing a lock in the diversion dam in the old Brazos River, now considered to be inactive, and deepening the entrance channel to 38 feet and the remaining channels and basins to 36 feet to and including the upper turning basin. The controlling depth at a mean low tide in the various channels and turning basins (middle half of channel) were as follows: Channel from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico to seaward end of jetty, 32 feet; channel from seaward end of jetty to Brazosport turning basin, 33 feet; Brazosport turning basin, 31 feet; channel from Brazos- port turning basin to upper turning basin, 30 feet; upper turning basin, 31 feet; channel from upper turning basin to Stauffer Chemical Co. plant, 19 feet; and turning basin at Stauffer Chemical Co. plant, 20 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds---------------------------------_ -- $1, 101, 062 $4, 287, 998 $5, 389, 060 Public Works funds . --------------------- 116, 575- -- 116, 575 Total United States funds ----------------------- 1, 217, 637 4, 287, 998 5, 505, 635 Contributed funds ----------------------------------- 758, 303 ---...---------- 758, 303 Total all funds -------------------------------- 1, 975, 940 4, 287, 998 6, 263, 938 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 195112 New work: Appropriated .----------------- ------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $1, 364, 735 Cost------------- ------------ -- --------------------------------------------- 1, 364, 735 Maintenance: Appropriated ....--------. $131, 603 $143, 711 $320, 792 $191, 600 $146,000 1, 287, 998 Cost----------------- 144, 166 139, 516 312, 245 198, 760 3 151, 601 4, 287, 998 1 Includes $147,098 for new work for previous project. 2 In addition $758,303 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Difference of $25 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in " Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquitation of underestimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project -- - - ----------- 1$570, 000 1 Excludes inactive portions. 14. CHANNEL FROM PASS CAVALLO TO PORT LAVACA, TEX. Location. The bar at Pass Cavallo is 125 miles southwest of Gal- veston entrance and 54 miles north of Aransas Pass. Port Lavaca lies 26 miles to the northwest of the pass, across Matagorda and Lavaca Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Chart No. 1117.) Existing project. This provides for a depth of 9 feet and a width of 100 feet from Lynns Bayou at Port Lavaca, Tex., to deep water in RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 609 Matagorda Bay near Port O'Connor, Tex., a distance of about 11 miles; for a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Port Lavaca via Lavaca Bay, Lavaca, and Navidad Rivers to Red Bluff about mile 3 on the Navidad River, a total distance of 20 miles; and for a harbor of refuge 9 feet deep near Port Lavaca with an approach channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1 foot and the extreme range about 2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimate of cost for new work is $324,000 (July 1955). The latest approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $58,000 (July 1955). The harbor of refuge near Port Lavaca and approach channel por- tion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $171,300. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 Channel to Port Lavaca, Tex., 7 feet deep and 80 feet H. Doc. 1082, 60th Cong., 2d sess. bottom width. Aug. 30, 1935 Extension of 7-foot channel to the shore line of Lavaca Rivers and Harbors Committee Bay at the mouth of Lynns Bayou. Doc. 28, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Deepen and widen channel to present project dimen- Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 sions. Doc. 37, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of the channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide H. Doc. 314, 76th Cong., 1st sess. from Port Lavaca by way of Lavaca Bay, Lavaca and Navidad Rivers to Red Bluff, a distance of 20 miles. Do .__ To provide a harbor of refuge 9 feet deep near Port H. Doc. 731, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Lavaca and an approach channel 100 feet wide and equal depth. 1 Contain latest published maps. 2 To be restudied. Local cooperation. Under the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary land, easements, and rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial construction and subsequent main- tenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from the construction and maintenance of the project; and provide necessary mooring facilities to which all vessels shall have free and equal access during storm periods, none of which has been complied with except for assurances to hold and save the United States free from claims for damages in connection with construction of the channel to Red Bluff, forwarded to Chief of Engineers for approval on June 29, 1955. Requirements under prior acts have been complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of several privately owned piers and three privately owned slips at Port Lavaca, and a municipally owned wharf, turning basin, one oil dock, and refrigerated seafood processing and packing plant at the mouth of Lynns Bayou. The municipally owned facilities are open to the general public and are adequate for existing commerce. In addition, 610 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 there is a privately owned channel, turning basin with private wharves, oil dock, and loading facilities owned by Aluminum Co. of America at Point Comfort, Tex. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $3,004. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $3,004. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 38 percent complete exclusive of portion deferred for restudy. The channel from the 9-foot contour in Matagorda Bay to the mouth of Lynns Bayou was completed in 1939. The work remaining consists of dredging the channel through Lavaca Bay and the Lavaca and Navidad Rivers to Red Bluff on the Navidad River and dredging the harbor of refuge and approach channel at Port Lavaca, the latter portion to be re- studied. The controlling depth at mean low water in the completed channel was 7.1 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $528,104, of which $125,494 was for new work and $402,610 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .....................--------------- ------------ -----------............ $125, 494 Cost -------- .... ------------- ------------------------ ------------ ------------ 125, 494 Maintenance: Appropriated-----........-- -$1, 089 $52, 300 -$9, 460 $35, 700 $2, 950 402, 629 Cost----------------- 1,438 39, 438 3, 227 35, 874 12, 9914 402, 610 1 Difference of $10 between fiscal year 55 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of over-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------- 1 $201, 000 1 Excludes portion to be restudied. 15. PORT ARANSAS-CORPUS CHRISTI WATERWAY, TEX. Location. This is a consolidation of the old improvements of Port Aransas, Tex., and the channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi, Tex. Aransas Pass is on the southern portion of the coast of Texas, 180 miles southwest of Galveston and 132 miles north of the mouth of the Rio Grande. Aransas Pass connects Corpus Christi Bay and Aransas Bay with the Gulf of Mexico. The waterway extends from deep water in the Gulf through the Aransas Pass jettied entrance, thence westerly 203/4 miles to and including a turning basin at Corpus Christi, thence westerly 13/4 miles through the Industrial Canal to and including the turning basin at Avery Point, thence westerly 41/4 miles to and including a turning basin near Tule Lake. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 523, 1285, and 1286.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement of Aransas Pass (Port Aransas) was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879. The improvement was taken over by the Aransas Pass Harbor Co. on June 30, 1890, under authority of the act of May 12, 1890. This company relinquished its rights to the RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 611 United States on March 27, 1899. The channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi was first improved under the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1861 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 877 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project dimensions provided for in the various channels and basins comprising this waterway are shown in the following tabulation: Adopted project dimensions Section of the Port Aransas-Corpus Depth in Christi Waterway, Tex. feet below Bottom width in feet mean low mean low Gulf level Aransas Pass outer bar...--........-----------.. 700- ...---------------.....------------------------- 38 Aransas Pass jetty channel.........----------..600 from inner end to opposite station 90, north jetty, (1) thence increasing to 700 at outer end of jetty. Inner basin at Harbor Island...--------- 650 by southerly 1,000 long----__.---.---.-------- 36 Channel to town of Port Aransas-..... 100__ -- _--------__ _..........--- ............... 12 Anchorage basin at Port Aransas ..... 300 to 400 by 900 long-----------------------.----- 12 Channel from Port Aransas to Corpus 400___ ..... ..............................--------.......... 36 Christi turning basin. Corpus Christi turning basin--....-.... 1,000 by 5,500 long (includes approach to turning 36 basin). Industrial Canal .....------------------ 200 36 ......................---------------------....-------.... ....------------------------------ Turning basin at Avery Point ........ 1,000 by 1,200 long--- 36 Channel to vicinity of Tule Lake .....200-_ __-.- -__--- ------.----------------- - 36 Turning basin near Tule Lake- ....... 900 by 1,000 long.----------------------------------- 36 Branch channel to La Quinta_. ------- ___ 150_____ __...__.. _____... ___-__-- ------------ 32 32 Turning basin near La Quinta-....... 800 by 800__.------ ---------------------------- 1 36 feet from inner end to opposite station 90, north jetty, increasing to 38 feet at outer end of jetty. The project also provides for two rubblestone jetties at Aransas Pass entrance, extending into the gulf from St. Joseph and Mus- tang Islands, the project lengths of which are 9,240 and 7,385 feet, respectively. The project further provides for a stone dike on St. Joseph Island about 19,100 feet long connecting with the north jetty and extending up this island to prevent a channel being cut around the jetty. Under ordinary conditions, the mean tidal range at Aransas Pass is about 1.1 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet, and at Corpus Christi the mean range about 1 foot and the extreme about 11/2 feet. The heights of tides are dependent largely on the strength and direc- tions of winds, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed as much as 3 feet below mean low gulf level. The estimated cost for new work is $11,332,000 (July 1955), ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects, and exclusive of $1,538,400 contributed funds and value of work performed in lieu of cash contribution. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $828,000 (July 1955) (exclusive of $3,298,000 (July 1955) estimated remaining cost of rehabilitating jetties). The extension of the north jetty 1,950 feet and the south jetty 1,265 feet and the extension of the Inner Basin at Harbor Island 2,000 feet by 650 feet portions of the project are considered inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of these portions was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $21,351,000. 612 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899Acquisition of the old curved portion of the north Specified in act. jetty previously constructed by private parties. June 13, 1902 Completion of north jetty in accordance with the plans Do. Mar. 3, 1905 of its builders. Mar. 2, 1907 Connection of old curved jetty to St. Joseph Island, Rivers and Harbors Committee ant construction of south jetty. Doc. 5, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Feb. 27, 1911 Dredging roadstead in Harbor Island Basin to depth H. Doc. 1094, 61st Cong., 3d sess. of 20 feet and construction of 10,000 linear feet of the stone dike on St. Joseph Island. Mar. 4,19131 Deepening of channel between jetties and the Harbor H. Doec. 1125, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Island Basin to depth of 25 feet, extension of jetties seaward, extension of dike on St. Joseph Island 9,100 feet, and dredging the approach channel 12 feet deep to town of Port Aransas. Sept. 22,1922 Dredging channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus H. Doc. 321, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Christi, 25 feet deep, 200 feet bottom width. July 3,19302 Deepening etrance channel from Gulf of Mexico to H. Doc. 214, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Harbor Island and provision of an inner basin at Harbor Island of reduced area but greater depth. Do ...... Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi Channel with depth Rivers and Harbors Committee of 30 feet. Doc. 9, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,1935a Enlarging all channels from the Gulf to the western Rivers and Harbors Committee end of basin dredged by Humble Oil & Refining Doe. 35, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Co. at its docks on Harbor Island, with Public and 40, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Works Administration funds. Maintenance of channel and maneuvering basin be- Do ....----- H. Doec. 130, 72d Cong., 1st sess. tween breakwater and western shoreline of Corpus Christi Bay. Maintenance to 30 feet depth, except on strips lying Do......----- Rivers and Harbors Committee 50 feet channelward of any established pierhead lines Doec. 13, 74th Cong., 1st sess. or within 50 feet of the foot of any wharf or structure of the approach channel, turning basin at Corpus Christi, Industrial Canal and turning basin at Avery Point. Maintenance and deepening to 32 feet of the channel Do .....--- Rivers and Harbors Committee from deep water at Port Aransas to and including Doec. 63, 74th Cong., 1st sess. the turning basin at Corpus Christi. June 20,1938 Extend the main turning basin at Corpus Christi H. Doec. 574, 75th Cong., 3d sess. westward 2,500 feet at its present width and depth, deepen the existing Industrial Canal and turning basin to 32 feet and for the extension of this canal at a depth of 32 feet and general width of 150 feet, westwart along Nueces Bay shore to a turning basin 32 feet deep, 900 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long near Tule Lake. Mar. 2,1945 To provide a depth of 34 feet in all project channels H. Doc. 544, 78th Cong., 2d sess. and basins from Port Aransas to and including the Tule Lake turning basin, for a width of 250 feet from Port Aransas to the breakwater at Corpus Christi, for a width of 200 feet in the Industrial Canal and in the channel between the Avery Point and Tule Lake turning basins, and for widening the Avery Point turning basin to 1,000 feet. June 30,1948 Deepen entrance channel to 38 feet from Gulf to outer H. Doe. 560, 80th Cong., 2d sess. end of jetty; 38 feet decreasing to 36 feet thence to station 90, north jetty; and 36 feet in all other deep water channels and basins except 2,000-feet un- dredged part of inner basin at Harbor Island, and for a width of 400 feet in the channel from Port Aran- sas to the maneuvering basin at Corpus Christi. Sept. 3,1954 To provide an anchorage basin 12 feet deep, from 300 to H. Doc. 654, 81st Cong., 1st sess. 400 feet wide, and 900 feet long in Turtle Cove at Port Aransas, Tex. Do..... To provide a branch channel 32 feet deep and 150 feet H. Doc. 89, 83d Cong., 1st sess. wide, extending northerly from the main channel in the vicinity of Port Ingleside, along the north shore of Corpus Christi Bay to the Reynolds Metals Co. plant and for a turning basin 32 feet deep and 800 feet square near the plant in the general vicinity of La Quinta, Tex. Do....... To provide an entrance channel 36 feet deep and 400 H. Doc. 487, 83d Cong., 2d sess. feet wide on a tangent alinement from the 400-foot (contains latest published map). channel in Corpus Christi Bay, near the Corpus Christi Breakwater, to the flared approach channel to the Corpus Christi turning basin. I Extension of north jetty 1,950 feet and south jetty 1,265 feet considered to be inactive. 2 Dredging 2,000-foot by 650-foot northerly extension of inner basin considered to be inactive. S3 Included in Public Works Administration program September 6, 1933, and February 16, 1935. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 613 Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the provisions of the River and Harbor Acts of June 30, 1948, and September 3, 1954, local interests being required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance as and when required; hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from construction and maintenance of the project; accomplish without cost to the United States the alteration of pipelines and cable crossings on the rights-of-way and the removal of buildings, structures, and a portion of the rubble mound breakwater on the right-of-way for the 400-foot entrance channel into the Corpus Christi turning basin; provide and maintain without cost to the United States adequate mooring facilities within the anchorage basin at Port Aransas and a public landing which shall be open to all on equal terms; and contribute in cash 50 percent of the cost of constructing the branch channel to and turning basin in the vicinity of La Quinta, none of which has been complied with except local interests have furnished the required assurances for con- struction of the branch channel to La Quinta, accepted on April 9, 1955, and have expended $1,200,000 on construction of the project in lieu of a cash contribution. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities located on Harbor Island at the head of Aransas Pass, Ingleside, Corpus Christi, La Quinta, and Avery Point are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series, No. 25, revised in 1948, Corps of Engineers.) The following changes were not incorporated in Port Series No. 25: Humble Oil and Refining Co., Port Ingleside Dock, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference 26, has been removed. Humble Pipe Line Co. barge dock at Harbor Island, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference No. 27, has been rebuilt. The reconstructed dock provides a berthing space of 450 feet with dolphins. Humble Pipe Line Co. oil docks at Harbor Island, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference Nos. 28 and 29 have been rebuilt. The reconstructed docks provide a berthing space of 1,600 feet, 800 feet at each dock, with dolphins. The Atlantic Pipe Line Co. oil dock at Harbor Island, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference No. 30 has been rebuilt. The reconstructed dock provides a berthing space of 845 feet, with dolphins. A pier with conveyors for handling bauxite and with berthing spaces for deep draft vessels of 700 feet on the upper side and 625 feet on the lower side has been constructed on the north shore of Corpus Christi Bay at La Quinta at the westerly end of a 32-foot by 125-foot private channel, 6 miles long, which joins the Port Aransas-Corpus Christi Waterway at a point opposite McGloins Bluff. An oil dock with 700 feet of berthing space, with dolphins, has been constructed on the south side of the industrial canal at Corpus Christi approximately midway between map reference Nos. 15 and 16, Port Series No. 25. A 2-million-bushel grain elevator is located on the north side of the industrial canal at Corpus Christi about opposite the oil dock described above. The dock alongside the elevator provides 500 feet of berthing space, with 614 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 dolphins. A barge channel has been constructed westward from Avery Point turning basin for a distance of 3.26 miles. A dock for handling bulk sulfuric acid with a berthing space of 200 feet, with dolphins, is located on the southerly side of the channel approximately 2 miles westerly from Avery Point. An oil dock with a berthing space of 180 feet, with dolphins, is located on the southerly side of the channel approximately 11/2 miles westerly from Avery Point. A barge dock used for the receipt of mudshell, with a berthing space of 150 feet, is located on the southerly side of the channel approximately 1,000 feet eastward from the oil dock described next above. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for dredging the channel extension from Avery Point to Tule Lake were made at a cost of $12,229 and work under the contract during the period May 20 to June 30, 1955, removing 482,416 cubic yards of material from 1,650 linear feet of channel at a cost of $89,519. In addition, $1,200,000 work contribu- tion by local interests on channel to La Quinta was accomplished. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $26,601. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for repairs to the south jetty were made at a cost of $5,601, and work under 2 separate contracts was performed. Dur- ing the period July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955, 26,671 tons (averaging 8 to 12 tons each) of cover stone was unloaded to stockpile and 23,137 tons were placed on the south jetty at a cost of $412,949. During the period March 23 to June 30, 1955, 7,976 tons (averaging 8 to 12 tons each) of cover stone was unloaded to stockpile and 5,364 tons were placed in the south jetty, 22,271 tons (averaging 25 pounds to 10 tons each) of quarry run stone was unloaded to stockpile and 19,802 tons was used in the construction of the south jetty spur dikes, 168 tons riprap stone (25 pounds to 200 pounds each) was unloaded to stockpile and 84 tons placed in the south jetty and 8 misplaced cover stones were picked up and replaced in the south jetty, at a cost of $371,746. A total of 1,268,989 cubic yards of material was removed from 31,403 linear feet of channel and basin at a cost of $210,510 as follows: Government Cubic Linear feet plant or Location Period yards of channel Cost contract removed dredged H o p p e r Sea bar and jetty chan- Nov. 8 to Dec. 13, 1954_- 229, 630 5,100 $76, 743 dredge A. nel. Mackenzie. Contract---.... Bay section and portion Mar. 31 to May 5, 1955_ _ 1, 039, 359 26, 303 133, 767 of turning basin. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $1,129,155, of which $101,748 was for new work, including $1,200,000 new work per- formed by local interests, and $1,027,407 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 615 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 53 per- cent complete exclusive of inactive portions. The 2 jetties have been completed, the north jetty being 9,240 feet long and the south jetty 7,385 feet long. A stone dike 20,991 feet long connecting with the north jetty was completed on St. Joseph Island in 1916. The inner basin at Harbor Island has been dredged to 30 feet below mean low tide over an area 650 feet wide and about 1,000 feet long. The chan- nel from the inner basin to town of Port Aransas was completed in 1914. The 34-foot project, except for the Tule Lake extension, was completed in 1946. In 1949 the Tule Lake extension was dredged to partial dimension with contributed funds. The branch channel to La Quinta was dredged by local interests in 1954 to a depth of 32 feet and a width of about 125 feet. Construction of the 34-foot Tule Lake extension was 12 percent completed. The work remaining consists of deepening the outer bar to 38 feet, the jetty channel to 36 and 38 feet, all other deep water channels, including the previously dredged part of the inner basin at Har- bor Island, to 36 feet, widening to 400 feet from Port Aransas to Corpus Christi; completing channel from Avery Point turning basin to and including a turning basin near Tule Lake, completing the 32-foot branch channel to La Quinta; and dredging the anchorage basin, 12 feet deep by 800 feet square, at Port Aransas. The controlling depths below mean low tide in the various chan- nels and basins were as follows: Aransas Pass outer bar channel, 39 feet; Aransas Pass jetty channel, 36 feet; inner basin at Harbor Island 30 feet, exclusive of main channel; channel from inner basin to west end of Humble Oil & Refining Co. basin, 37 feet; channel to town of Port Aransas, 7 feet; turning basin at Port Aransas, 9 feet; channel from west end of Humble Oil & Refining Co. basin to Corpus Christi turning basin, 32 feet; Corpus Christi turning basin, 31 feet; industrial canal, 35 feet; Avery Point turning basin, 36 feet; and channel from Avery Point turning basin to a point near the proposed Tule Lake turning basin, 12 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total ........- Regular funds-___--- ---.----------- $5, 753, 219 $12, 166, 154 $17, 919, 373 Public Works funds ...--------......-------------------..................... 324, 287 324, 287 Total United States funds-.---__ -------------- - 6, 077. 506 12, 166, 154 18, 243, 660 Contributed funds______ ___-- ___-----------............. 216, 422 152, 555 368, 977 W ork perform T u lieu of _._7_ l ed in cash contribution-----..... ....... 1, 200, 000 1 3, _ 1, 200, 000 Total all funds ....... ---- -----. -7, 493, 928 12, 318, 709 19, 812, 637 616 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated ..........------------ ----------------.......-- .....------------ $800, 000 $8, 148, 293 Cost_--_----_ _ ----------------- ------------------ ------------ 3 101, 322 7,449,614 Maintenance: Appropriated---... - $619, 238 $279, 100 $326, 006 $677, 598 884, 180 12, 564, 914 1. 129, 950 Cost------ ---............- 380, 490 402, 927 207, 731 4 1,026, 921 12, 228, 687 1 Includes $1,372,534 for new work and $62,452 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $216,422 for new work and $152,555 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. An additional $1,200,000 was expended by local interests for new work in lieu of cash contribution. 3 Difference of $426 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" isdue to underestimation of prepayments for June 1955. 4 Difference of $486 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of overestimation of prepayments for June 1954 in the amount of $556 and overestimation of prepayments for June 1955 in the amount of $80. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-........ $2, 179 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__- 640, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------- 642, 170 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------------- 1 3, 919. non 1 Exclusive of inactive portions. 16. BRAZOS ISLAND HARBOR, TEX. Location. At the extreme south end of the coast of Texas, about 7 miles north of the mouth of the Rio Grande, and about 125 miles south of Port Aransas. The harbor is at the inner end of Brazos Santiago Pass, which lies between Brazos and Padre Islands, and is the natural outlet from the Laguna Madre to the Gulf of Mexico. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1288.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, March 3, 1881, and March 2, 1919. For further details, see page 1017, Annual Report for 1932, and page 882, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for depths of 38 feet in the channel from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico through Brazos Santiago Pass and 36 feet in all other channels and basins; and widths of 300 feet in the channel from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico through Brazos Santiago Pass, 200 feet in the channel across Laguna Madre, 200 feet in the Port Isabel Channel including the "wye" junction with the Brownsville Channel, 200 feet in the Brownsville Channel for a dis- tance of about 12.6 miles and 300 feet for a distance of about 1.4 miles: from 550 feet to 1,000 feet in the Brownsville turning basin from this point for a distance of 2,640 feet over a bottom width varying from 55'1 feet to 1,000 feet; for a small boat basin 12 feet deep, 300 feet wide and 1,500 feet in length with a connecting channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide adjacent to the existing Brownsville Channel; and for 36 feet in the Port Isabel turning basin for a distance of 2,900 feet over a bottom width varying from 200 feet at its entrance to 1,000 feet, connecting with the existing turning basin. All depths refer to mean low tide. The project also provides for two jetties at the Brazos Santiago Pass entrance. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 617 11/2 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet. The height of the tides is dependent, to some extent on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface in the southern end of the Laguna Madre may be raised 4 feet or more above the mean low tide in the Gulf. The estimate of cost for new work is $8,470,000 (July 1955), which is exclusive of $1,683,300 contributed by local interests and of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest approved estimate of an- nual cost of maintenance is $397,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Jetty channel, all inside channels and turning basins, Rivers and Harbors Committee and 2 rubble mound jetties. Doc. 16, 71st Cong., 2d sess. May 24,1934 Local cooperation requirements modified to provide Rivers and Harbors Committee (PWA) for the contribution of sufficient funds to cover the Doc. 10, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,1935 entire cost of the original dredging of all inside channels and turning basins. Aug. 26, 1937 Deepening the jetty channel to 31 feet and all inner Rivers and Harbors Committee channels and the Brownsville and Port Isabel Doc. 32, 75th Cong., 1st sess. turning basins to 28 feet, provided no dredging will be done at public expense within 50 feet of any es- tablished pierhead line, wharf, or other structure. Mar. 2,1945 Enlargement of Port Isabel turning basin to 1,000 feet H. Doec. 335, 76th Cong., 1st sess. by 1,300 feet with a flared entrance. 1 Do-...... Deepening to 35 feet channel from the Gulf of Mexico H. Doc. 347, 77th Cong., 1st sess. through Brazos Santiago Pass; deepening to 33 feet and widening to 200 feet channel across Laguna Madre; deepening to 32 feet channels from Laguna Madre to and including turning basins at Browns- ville and Port Isabel; widening turning basins; and dredging present shallow-draft channel south of Port Isabel from railroad bridge to Laguna Madre and connecting channel to Port Isabel turning basin to provide a depth of 6 feet and width of 60 feet. 1 July 24,1946 An additional connecting channel 150 feet wide and H. Doc. 627, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 32 feet deep between the Port Isabel channel and the Brownsville channel; and transfer shallow- draft channels at Port Isabel to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. 1 May 17,1950 Deepening to 38 feet in outer bar channels and 36 feet H. Doc. 192, 81st Cong., 1st sess. in all other authorized channels and basins; widen- ing all other channels to 200 feet, except a section in the Brownsville Channel which will be widened to 300 feet; extending the existing turning basins at Brownsville and Port Isabel; and for construction of a small boat basin with a connecting channel adjacent to the Brownsville ship channel. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except as required by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 192, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) local interests being required to furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction, maintenance, and operation of the modified project, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project; construct suitable docks on the Port Isabel turning basin extension; and install and maintain in the small boat basin suitable mooring facilities to which all vessels shall have free and equal access during storm periods, none of which has been complied with, except that the assurances required by the authorizing legislation have been furnished and accepted. 618 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Tern-inal facilities. On the westerly side of the turning basin at Port Isabel is located a wharf, 550 feet long containing a sheet-metal transit shed 100 by 350 feet and a precooling plant with a capacity of approximately 24 cars every 8 hours. A sheet-metal warehouse 100 by 200 feet is located about 70 feet west of the transit shed. About 200 feet south of this wharf is a dock, 600 feet long by 16 feet wide, used for unloading tropical fruits and equipped with facilities for supplying diesel fuel to ships at the rate of 200 gallons per minute. Along the north end of the turning basin a 2-level oil dock, 400 feet long, is equipped with facilities for receiving and loading oil cargoes into barges and for bunkering ships. All of the above facilities owned by the Port Isabel-San Benito Navigation District, are serviced by railroad and highway connections and are open to all on equal terms. All docks and wharves are equipped with facilities for servic- ing ships with fresh water and electric current. An oil refinery and two storage tank farms, all privately owned, are located near the Port Isabel turning basin. This refinery has a maximum capacity of 15,000-barrel topping unit and 4,000-barrel platforming unit and a combined tank storage capacity of 1,224,000 barrels. Adjacent to the turning basin and having access to the Gulf Intracoastal Water- way is a shallow draft channel, 11/2 miles long, on which is located about three-fourths of a mile of privately owned low-level wharves equipped with facilities for handling tropical fruits, barge traffic, and seafoods. Additional facilities on this channel include 3 marine fill- ing stations, 2 machine shops, several marine ways for handling small craft and medium size barges, an ice plant, and a quick-freeze plant for servicing boats handling seafoods. These facilities are privately owned and operated, and are available on an individual contract basis. Along the north side of the Brownsville turning basin the Browns- ville Navigation District has constructed three concrete wharves. Two of these wharves are 440 feet long and 165 feet wide with a timber dock extension 100 feet long and 36 feet wide. A metal warehouse 120 by 400 feet is located on each concrete wharf. The third wharf is 400 feet long and 165 feet wide and contains a 120- by 390-foot metal warehouse. Also on the north side of the turning basin is located a concrete decked steel sheet pile dock 1,000 feet long and 140 feet wide with a 500- by 100-foot metal warehouse located on the dock. Along the west end of the basin is a concrete wharf 450 feet long and 165 feet wide containing a 400- by 120-foot metal warehouse with an adjoining truck-unloading apron 100 feet by 16 feet. All of the above terminals have rail facilities. On the west end of the basin is a timber dock 400 feet long used for servicing small craft. Located on the south- west corner of the turning basin is a marine ways for servicing shrimp boats and other small craft and a repair shop operated in connection therewith, all of which are privately owned. On the south side of the turning basin, toward the west end, is located a concrete barge dock 300 feet long and 100 feet wide with a 400-foot unloading and storage apron, and a steel warehouse of 25,000 square-foot area, complete with railroad spur track. Also located on the south side of the basin is a concrete dock 525 feet long and 20 feet wide, with 2 open steel sheds 32 by 280 feet located thereon. This dock is equipped with complete RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 619 systems for handling tropical fruits and is served by two railroad spur tracks. On the west side of the south slip is located a concrete open dock 500 feet long and 100 feet wide, equipped with a railroad spur track to the rear of the apron. On the north side of the channel and to the east of the turning basin are located three 500-foot oil docks with direct pipeline connections to the bulk-oil terminals and to the" chemical refining and separating plants, also a 350-feet concrete oil-barge dock with direct pipeline con- nections to the chemical refining and separating plants. North of the general cargo terminal is a privately owned, high-density cotton com- press, with a storage capacity of 46,000 bales, covering an area of 347,000 square feet. Also north of the general cargo terminal is a bonded warehouse having a storage capacity of 10 acres and equipped with rail facilities. On the southwest corner of the navigation dis- trict property is located a privately owned cotton compress and ware- house equipped with two high-density presses having 320,000 square feet of storage space and a storage capacity of 60,000 bales. In addi- tion, two cotton compresses are located in the city of Brownsville, Tex. These compresses have combined storage capacity of 90,000 bales and are serviced by direct rail and truck connections with port facilities. The Brownsville Navigation District employes 1 rubber-tired mobile crane of 15-ton capacity on the terminal. Diesel fuel is available at the dock on the south side of the basin. The oil docks are equipped with facilities for handling and/or storing crude and refined oil. These oil docks have direct pipeline connections to the various oil storage terminals. There are 5 privately owned terminals equipped with facilities for handling petroleum products having a combined maximum storage capacity of 1,288,605 barrels. Two chemical re- fining and separating plants are located on navigation district prop- erty to the east of the port proper, and have adequate facilities servic- ing the oil docks, including railroad and highway connections which are open to all on equal terms. The Brownsville Navigation District has dredged a basin for shrimp trawlers and small fishing boats lo- cated 4.4 miles east of the Brownsville turning basin. It consists of 2 slips each 400 feet wide, 1,500 feet long, and 15 feet deep, connected to the Brownsville ship channel by a channel 800 feet long and 100 feet wide. There are 7,600 linear feet of docking space for the fishing and shrimp boats including 14 fuel and icing piers. There are 11 fish and shrimp processing and freezing plants in operation or under contract along the 2 slips. A modern marine railway is being con- structed which is equipped with facilities for handling up to 5 boats at a time, which is to be enlarged at a later date to handle up to 10 boats at a time. Additional facilities at this basin include 6 fuel and ice plants, 4 radio and Loran repair shops, 1 electric repair shop and 4 marine engine repair shops. The facilities are privately owned and operated, and are available on an individual contract basis. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections were made at a cost of $12,525. Work under contract for repairing the south jetty during the period July 1 to August 3, 1954, and work for repairing the north jetty dur- 620 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 ing the period August 4, 1954, to June 2, 1955, was performed at a. cost of $620,853. The following materials were placed in the jetty: South Jetty North Jetty Tons cover stone (8 to 16 tons each) ------------------ -- 1,557 3, 585 Tons core stone (15 lbs. to 1,000 lbs. each) ___ _________1____ i 081 8, 652 Tons rip-rap ( a in. to 3 in. gravel)_- ----------------------- n________ None 214 Cubic yards of concrete ----------------------------------------------- 897 6,155 jPieces cover stone picked up and replaced (2 tons and over per stone) 43 1,416 A total of 1,995,185 cubic yards of material was removed from 59,280 linear feet of channel at a cost of $319, 946 as follows: Government Cubic Linear plant or Location Period yards channel Cost contract removed dredged dredged Government Outer Bar and Jetty May 22 to Jun 21, 1955... 323, 856 9,500 $60, 797 hopper channel. dredge A. Mackenzie. Contract.--. Brownsville and Pt. Dec. 15, 1954 to Mar. 26, 1, 671, 329 49, 780 259, 149 Isabel Channel. 1955. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $953,324. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 63 percent complete. The 25-foot project channels and jetties were completed in 1936. The deepening of the sea bar and jetty channels to the 31- foot depth and of the inside channels and basins to the 28-foot depth was completed in 1940. Widening and deepening the Port Isabel turning basin as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 1945, was completed in 1947. The 32-foot project channels and basins 12, were completed in 1949. Work remaining consists of deepening the entrance channel to 38 feet at mean low tide from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico through Brazos Santiago Pass, deepening to 36 feet all other channels and turning basins, widening to variable widths certain sections of the channels, extending the Brownsville and Port Isabel turning basins and constructing a small boat turning basin with a connecting channel adjacent to the Brownsville ship channel. The controlling depths at mean low tide in the various channels and basins comprising the waterway were as follows: Depth in feet below mean-low-tide Jetty channel from deep water in gulf to inside Brazos Santiago Pass.... 35 From inside Brazos Santiago Pass to westerly side of Long Island----- 33 Westerly side of Long Island to turning basin at Port Isabel------------ 30. 5 Turning basin at Port Isabel- _ 31 Channel from westerly side Long Island to turning basin at Brownsville_ 30 Turning basin near Brownsville _ - --------- -------- _ _ 31 RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 621 The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds.....------------------------------------ $1, 860,747 $4, 594, 136 $6, 454,883 Public Work funds .--------------------------------- 2, 848, 560 ..---------------- 2, 848, 560 Total United States funds....----------------------- 4, 709, 307 4, 594, 136 9, 303, 443 Contributed funds-....----- ---------- -------- 1, 683, 258 -- ----- - 1, 683, 258 Total all funds-.........----- .....---......--------------------............ 6, 392, 565 4, 594, 136 10, 986, 701 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1$ New work: Appropriated --- ----.---.. --- -----.----.------ ----.------------ . ------------ $5, 385, 162 Cost------------ --------- ------------------------------------------ 5,385,162 Maintenance: Appropriated-------.......-- $370, 961 $394, 055 $96, 235 $739, 700 $637, 800 4, 594, 470 Cost------------------ 20,647 657, 113 117,759 429,886 3 953, 0271 4, 594, 137 1 Includes $799,217 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $1,806 619 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Difference of $297 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of overestimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------- $3, 760, 000 17. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount Report Operation required to for- Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Johnsons Bayou, La.------------------------- ---- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1933 $2,261. 35 $54, 042. 26 (2) 2. Mouth of Trinity River, 4 Tex.1 1928 79, 540. 44 10, 870. 95 (2) 3. Bastrop Bayou, Tex. 5____..._____________... ... 1931 9, 920. 22 27, 129. 21 $23, 760 4. Brazos River, Tex., from Velasco to old Wash- ington e --.-.... _...__..... ..... .. 1924 216, 989. 48 223, 010. 52 130, 400 5. East Bay Bayou (Hanna -- - - Reef), - - - - - - Tex.' -- -- -a- 5...... -- -- -- -- 1922 2, 476. 02 847. 80 72, 500 6. Oyster Creek, Tex. 1922 6, 942. 24 7, 556. 73 (2) 7. Corpus Christi, Tex., channel to Navy sea- plane base, Encinal Peninsula-----------_ - 1946 1,194, 344. 69 15, 579. 63 (2) 8. Little Bay, Tex.-------- ----------------- 1951 (7) 9. Dickinson Bayou, Tex..--------- ------------- 1954 33, 942. 00 57, 553. 00 (2) 1 Channel adequate for commerce. 2 Completed. a No commerce reported. 4 The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 768, 80th Cong., 2d sess.) revoked the 6-foot channel for Bastrop Bayou as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 337, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), and reauthorized only that portion of the existing 4- by 100-foot project lying westward of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. 5 To be restudied. Last revision of project cost estimate, 1954. 6 Inactive. Last revision of project cost estimate, 1954. 7 Being constructed by local interests under Dept. Army Permit. Work began Apr. 1, 1955 and scheduled for completion Aug. 31, 1955. Estimated cost: $35,000. 622 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 18. BUFFALO BAYOU, TEX. Location. These improvements are located on Buffalo Bayou, a tributary of the San Jacinto River, in Harris County, west and north- west of the city of Houston, Tex. (See U. S. G. S. quadrangle sheets for Harris County.) Existing project. The authorized plan provides for the improve- ment of Buffalo Bayou and its tributaries above the turning basin (Houston) of the Houston Ship Channel to control floods for the pro- tection of the city of Houston, and to prevent the deposition: of silt in the turning basin of the ship channel by construction of detention reservoirs, enlargement and rectification of channels, and construction of control works. The estimated Federal cost is $34,427,000 for con- struction and $5,273,000 for lands and relocations; the estimate of cost to local interests is $29,785,000, a total of $69,485,000 (July 1955). The estimated annual cost of maintenance is $92,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 11, 1939, and the River and Harbor Act approved Sep- tember 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 250, 83d Cong., 2d sess.), which provided, in lieu of the features authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved June 20, 1938 (H. Doc. 456, 75th Cong., 2d sess.), for Barker and Ad- dicks Reservoirs on Buffalo Bayou and for clearing, straightening, en- larging, and lining where necessary the channels of Buffalo, Brays, and White Oak Bayous. Barker and Addicks dams control 150 and 129 square miles, respec- tively. Barker Dam is an earthfill detention dam 71,900 feet long, including outlet works, and approximately 37 feet high, with a reser- voir capacity of 207,000 acre-feet. Addicks Dam is an earthfill deten- tion dam 61,166 feet long, including outlet works, and approximately 49 feet high, with a reservoir capacity of 204,500 acre-feet. Each dam has outlet works consisting of 3 gated and 2 ungated culverts. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, requires that responsible local interests give assurances satis- factory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish without cost of the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas required for construction of the channel im- provements and reimburse the United States for the cost of lands for the existing rectified channel below Addicks and Barker reservoirs; bear the cost of all highway bridge, utility, and sewer changes required for the improvements; hold and save the United States free from dam- ages due to the construction works; maintain and operate all of the channel improvements after completion, including the existing 7.4 miles of channel rectification works below Addicks and Barker reser- voirs, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army, except such dredging as may be required to maintain the de- FLOOD CONTROL-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 623 silting basin and the Federal navigation project in Buffalo Bayou; and establish and enforce building limit lines approved by the Secre- tary of the Army along all of the improved channels. None of these requirements have been formally complied with. However, local in- terests have established building limit lines along Buffalo Bayou and have removed encroachments from the floodway and have acquired about 50 percent of the lands needed for the improvement. In addi- tion, local interests have started a program for reconstruction of high- way bridges and utility and sewer changes with two highway bridges scheduled for reconstruction in 1955. The offer of the Harris County flood control district to advance the sum of $2,900,000 to the Depart- ment for prosecution of the Buffalo Bayou project was accepted by the Secretary of War, and $2,500,000 was accepted on December 18, 1940, and $400,000 on July 10, 1945. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition for Barker Reservoir, Addicks Reservoir, and Buffalo Bayou rectified channel at a cost of $151,073. Maintenance: Routine operations, maintenance and care were car- ried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955, on Barker and Addicks Dams and the rectified channel at a cost of $44,843. Work under con- tract for widening of the crown and the application of seal coat on Addicks Dam was performed during the period August 4 to Septem- ber 17, 1954, at a cost of $21,702. Replacing of fence at Barker Dam was performed under contract with Government furnished material during the period March 1 to June 30, 1955, at a cost of $10,387. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $228,005, of which $151,073 was for new work and $76,932 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 16.6 per- cent complete. Construction of Barker Dam was completed in Febru- ary 1945. Addicks Dam and 7.4 miles of channel rectification to South Canal were completed in October 1948. Land acquisition for Barker and Addicks Dams and channel rectifi- cation work was 99 percent complete. To complete the project, subsurface explorations and detailed design must be completed and construction of remaining units of the author- ized project accomplished. Total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds......------------------------------------ $8, 623,867 $782, 433 $9, 406,300 Advance funds-----.....................................------------------------------- 2, 900, 000 ---------------- 2, 900, 000 Total for all work.........-----------------------------... 11, 523, 867 782, 433 12, 306, 300 363037-55-vol. 2- 40 624 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated--------....... $234, 500 $60, 000 ------------ -- $63, 800 $151, 158 $8, 625,386 Cost.............----------------.... 203, 334 92, 938 $27, 881 778 151, 073 8, 623, 867 Maintenance: Appropriated--------..... 64, 600 90, 000 81,800 82, 000 58, 900 783, 550 Cost------------------ 79, 347 85, 911 81, 548 78, 929 2 76, 211 782, 433 1 In addition $2,900,000 for new work was expended from funds advanced by Harris County Flood Control District. 2 Difference of $721 between fiscal year 1955 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of overestimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------- $1,519 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956_________________________________ 101, 519 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________________________ 30, 974, 614 19. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount ReportOperation required to Report Construction and main- complete for-- tenance 1. Mill Creek, Tex. -------------------------- 1952 ........---------- $24,800---- $623,200 2. Lavaca-Navidad Rivers, Tex. -------------- 1952 43,100 - 718.900 IInactive. 20. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood control emergencies-Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental author- izations). The cost of work performed during the fiscal year amounted to $7,237. Operations consisted of flood fighting on the lower Sabine River, inspection and report of flood damages at Buffalo Bayou Watershed, Tex., Revision of Flood Control Manual, and preliminary surveys and preparation of plans and specifications for repair of Little Cy- press Bayou levee at Orange, Tex. FLOOD CONTROI--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 625 C o st and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated.........-------------------- ............ -- -------------------.......... $98,000 $185 $98, 185 ............ - .......... Cost-----------------..................----------- ...----------------- 38,640 7,237 45, 877 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS 21. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work during the year was $64,320. The balance unex- pended at the end of the fiscal year was $574. The balance of $574 will be applied to studies under way. The estimated additional sum of $73,500 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1956. 22. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Activities under this heading during the fiscal year included (1) collection of rainfall data for storm studies as requested by other dis- tricts; (2) study and revision of a storm and flood emergency manual which programs the Galveston District operates during major storms and floods, and (3) investigation of current floods in the Lower Rio Grande Valley including surveys and estimates of flood damages and collection of rainfall and stream flow data. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT The district comprises that portion of Texas south of the Red River drainage basin exclusive of the drainage basin of the Rio Grande and its tributaries above and including the Pecos River; exclusive of the drainage basins of all the short streams arising in the coastal plain of Texas and flowing into the Gulf of Mexico, including the entire basin of Buffalo Bayou, San Jacinto, San Bernard, Lavaca, Navidad, Mis- sion, and Aransas Rivers; exclusive of the lower basins of the major streams flowing into the Gulf as follows: Sabine River, Tex. and La., downstream from the U. S. Highway 190 crossing at Bon Wier, Tex.; Neches River downstream from the Townbluff gaging station: Trin- ity River downstream from the Texas State Highway 45 crossing at Riverside, Tex.; Brazos River downstream from the confluence with Navasota River; Colorado River downstream from the gaging station at Austin; Guadalupe River downstream from the confluence with San Marcos River; San Antonio River downstream from the con- fluence with Escondido Creek; Nueces River downstream from the confluence with Frio and Atascosa Rivers; and exclusive of the Agua Dulce, San Fernando and Olmos Creeks basins draining into Baffins Bay, and the coastal area south thereof to the Rio Grande and east of the western boundary of Starr County, Tex. The district includes that portion of western Louisiana in the Sabine River drainage basin upstream from the U. S. Highway 190 crossing at Bon Wier, Tex., and the portion of eastern New Mexico embraced in the drainage basins of the Brazos and Colorado Rivers. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Neches and Angelina Rivers, 14. Brazos River and tributaries, Tex_ -- 628 Texas-_- 645 2. McGee Bend Reservoir, 15. Belton Reservoir, Leon Angelina River, Tex .... 629 River, Tex_ 647 3. Dam B Reservoir, Neches 16. Waco Reservoir, Tex ...... 648 River, Tex__ 630 17. San Angelo Reservoir, North 4. Other authorized navigation Concho River, Tex ------ 649 projects_-------------- 631 18. Hords Creek Reservoir, Pecan Bayou, Tex -...... 19. Canyon Reservoir, Guada- 650 Flood control lupe River, Tex_ ----- 651 20. Guadalupe and San Antonio 5. Trinity River and tributaries, Rivers, Tex___ ___ 653 Texas_-_ _ - - 631 21. San Antonio Floodway, Tex_ 654 6. Lavon Reservoir, Tex_ - 632 22. Other authorized flood con- 7. Garza-Little Elm Reservoir, trol projects___ 655 Tex_ _ ___-- 634 23. Inspection of completed proj- 8. Grapevine Reservoir, Tex___ 636 ects_ _ 655 9. Dallas Floodway, Tex_ ... 638 24. Flood control work under 10. Benbrook Reservoir, Tex___ 640 special authorization .... 655 11. Fort Worth Floodway, Tex- 641 12. Navarro Mills Reservoir, General investigations Tex_ 643 25. Examinations and surveys _ 657 13. Whitney Reservoir, Brazos 26. Collection and study of basic River, Tex_- 644 data_-_- 657 627 628 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1. NEOHES AND ANGELINA RIVERS, TEX. Location. The Neches River has its source 60 miles southeast of Dallas and flows generally southeast 416 miles to Sabine Lake 4 miles east of Port Arthur, Tex. The Angelina River flows south- east 200 miles to its confluence with the Neches River 126 miles above its mouth. The authorized features are located as follows: Rockland Dam on Neches River approximately 3 miles west of Rockland, Tex.; McGee Bend Dam on Angelina River approxi- mately 10 miles northwest of Jasper, Tex.; Dam A on Neches River approximately 4 miles west of Borger, Tex.; Dam B on Neches River approximately one-half mile north of Town Bluff, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey Base Map, Northeast Texas, Scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for dams and reservoirs to be located at the Rockland and McGee Bend Dam sites on the Neches and Angelina Rivers, respectively, which will effect a large measure of flood protection to agricultural lands in the lower river valley and to the city of Beaumont, reduce the hazards to navigation resulting from floods, and provide a regulated flow in the lower river to supply municipal, agricultural and industrial de- mands. In addition, these proposed projects would permit the devel- opment of a large amount of firm power and afford opportunities for recreation. The plan also provides for construction of Dam A, located on the Neches River below Rockland Dam, for the development of power; and Dam B, located below the confluence of the Angelina and Neches Rivers, to regulate the daily fluctuations in discharge from the tur- bines in the upper projects and to develop a limited amount of power. Construction of Rockland and Dam A Reservoirs and of power facilities at Dam B is to be deferred until justified by future conditions. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955 for Dam B and McGee Bend Reservoirs and in 1954 for Dam A and Rockland Reservoirs, is $107,712,000, including $5,000,000 non-Federal costs. The flood control works included in tbh comprehensive plan are listed below: Rockland 3 McGee Bend Dam A 3 Dam B Neches .. Stream--..---............--------------... _---.. Angelina-........ Neches .----------....... Neches. .......---. Town Bluff. Nearest city .......-------------...Rockland..----... Jaser ...---------... Horger------- 3453-----------............ Drainage area square miles_ 3626.........-----------.... 3778....------------ 7585. Distance above mouth of Neches River (river- miles) ..........----------------.. 160.4.......----------... 151.3.....---------. 142.0------------.......... 113.7. Height (feet) -- ..---------- 106------------ 128----------- 49 ....--------------...... 45. Type__ Earthfill ..----... .------------------ Earthfill-...... Concrete and Concrete and earth. earth. Flood control storage ca- pacity (acre-feet)---------. 1,020,100------....... 1,148,900- .. None ..--. __------ _ _ None. Power and regulation of 1,125,500_,-- ....---- flow (acre-feet) ....-------..... 1,383,500- ..... Pondage......--.. 94,200. Dead storage (acre-feet) .. _ 1,141,700 .....--- -- 1,508,400- ..... None-----------........ None. Total storage (acre-feet) .-_ 4,040,800_----.... Pondage .---------........ 3,287,300 ....---- 94,200. Power development (k. w.) 13,500.......--------. 45,000---------. 2,700...------------...... 2,935. Estimated cost: Construction .......------ $32, 468, 500 $29, 892, 700 $3, 213, 400 $6, 585, 200 Lands and damages ... 13, 831, 500 20, 307, 300 6, 600 1,406, 800 ...............--- Total--------- 46, 300, 000 1 50. 200, 000 3, 220. 000 7, 992, 00 1 Includes $3,000,000 contributed funds. 2 Includes $2,000,000 contributed funds. 8Inactive. Estimated cost is as of July 1954. Note. See individual reports for further details. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 629 2. McGEE BEND RESERVOIR, ANGELINA RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Angelina River 25.2 miles upstream from its confluence with the Neches River and about 10 miles northwest of Jasper, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control, water conservation, and hydro- electric power development in the Neches-Angelina Rivers Basin, provides for the construction of a rolled earthfill embankment 10,950 feet in length, three earthen saddle dikes totaling 7,470 feet, and an uncontrolled concrete spillway 400 feet'long. The top of the dam will be about 128 feet above the river bed. The reservoir will have a storage capacity of 4,040,800 acre-feet including 1,148,900 acre-feet of flood control storage, 1,383,500 acre-feet of power storage, and 1,508,- 400 acre-feet of dead storage. The capacity of the initial installation of hydroelectric generating facilities will be 45,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $29,892,700 for construc- tion and $20,307,300 for lands and damages, a total of $50,200,000, in- cluding $3,000,000 to be contributed by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (Public Law No. 14, 79th Cong., 1st sess.) in accordance with the plan of improvement outlined in Senate Docu- ment No. 98, 76th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. The project was adopted subject to the pro- vision that before construction is started upon any element, the State of Texas or other responsible local agency give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that upon completion of the entire project it will contribute toward the first cost of the work the sum of $5,000,000. The Lower Neches Valley Authority has furnished assurances, which were accepted by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on November 13, 1947, that at any time after Congress appropriates sufficient funds for the construction of Dam B Reservoir, which by the addition of $2,000,000 would be sufficient to complete Dam B Reservoir, upon demand by the Secretary of the Army it will contribute $2 million toward the cost of construction of Dam B Reservoir; and upon com- pletion of McGee Bend Reservoir on the Angelina River, it will con- tribute $3 million toward the first cost of the work. To date, local interests have contributed $2 million toward the first cost of Dam B Reservoir. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of transfer and storage of core samples. Total cost during the fiscal year was $977, all for new work from regular funds by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 2 percent complete. Engineering and design was 22 percent complete. Total cost to June 30, 1955, was $706,853, all for new work from regular funds. 630 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.-----------------$103, 743 $50,000 -$30, 000 $523 $706,980 Cost................. $132,483 26,334 6,690 12, 730 977 706,853 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------_ $84 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 1,500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending --------------------------------------- June 30, 1956_______ 1, 500, 084 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____ _____--------------- 44, 993, 020 3. DAM B RESERVOIR, NECHES RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Neches River with dam site about 12.4 miles below the mouth of the Angelina River, one-half mile north of Town Bluff, Tex., and 93 river miles north of Beaumont, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control, water conservation, and hydro- electric power development in the Neches-Angelina Rivers basin, consists of a concrete and earth dam consisting of 6,100 feet of uncon- trolled spillway, 326 feet of gated channel spillway, and a nonover- flow section 272 feet long. The top of the dam is about 45 feet above the river bed. The reservoir has a storage capacity for conservation of 94,200 acre-feet. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $6,585,200 for construc- tion and $1,406,800 for lands and damages, a total of $7,992,000, including $2,000,000 contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $62,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (Public Law 14, 79th Cong., 1st sess.), in accordance with the plan of improvement outlined in Senate Docu- ment No. 98, 76th Congress, 1st session. The River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948, modified this project so as to provide that the local agency which gives assurances that upon completion of the entire project it will contribute toward the first cost of the work the sum of $5 million, will be permitted to withdraw from the pool of Dam B not to exceed 2,000 cubic feet of water per second for its own use (Public Law 858, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition by hired labor, and completion of bank slope protection by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. Total cost during the fiscal year was $16,492 for new work and $56,089 for maintenance, a total of $72,581, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was RIVERS AND HARBORS-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 631 started during March 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in April 1951. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 96 percent complete and construction was 99 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition and construction of storage and shop facilities. The total costs to June 30, 1955, for regular funds were $5,902,955 for new work and $209,328 for maintenance, a total of $6,112,283. The total costs to June 30, 1955, for contributed funds were $2,000,000 for new work. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated----- --- $970, 100 $61, 300 $677, 600 -$34, 650 $26, 700 $5, 992,050 Cost---.............------------... 1, 600, 083 159, 400 410, 523 227, 405 16, 492 5, 902, 955 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ------------ 67, 980 31, 746 57, 500 52, 880 210, 106 Cost....-------------------------- - 60, 075 32, 514 60, 650 56, 089 209, 328 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------_ $66, 673 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------------------------ ------------ 66, 673 Note. In addition, $2 million for new work was expended from contributed funds. 4. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount rOperation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1- - - - 1. Dam A Reservoir, Neches River, Tex. ___... _ 1952 $21, 700- . - -$3, 198, 300 2. Rockland Reservoir, Neches River, Tex. ... 1952 510, 200 ----------- 45,789,800 1Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision 1954. 5. TRINITY RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, TEXAS Location. These improvements are located in the upper portion of the Trinity River Basin within a 50-mile radius of Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, adopted the comprehensive plan of improvement for navigation, flood control, and allied purposes, in the Trinity River Basin, as out- lined in House Document No. 403, 77th Congress, 1st session. This plan provides for the construction at this time of Benbrook, Little Elm, and Grapevine Reservoirs, the modification of Garza Dam, and the improvement of the levees and floodways at Fort Worth and Dallas, for flood protection and water conservation. The act also adopted the modification contained in House Document 533, 78th Congress, 2d session, which provides for the construction of the Lavon Reservoir on the East Fork of the Trinity River. The River and 632 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, modified the authorized Lavon Reservoir to provide for conservation storage as may be determined warranted by the Secretary of War upon the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers. The Civil Functions Appropriation Act, ap- proved October 24, 1951, further modified Lavon Reservoir to provide for construction of water conservation and utilization facilities, the cost of these facilities to be repaid by local interests. The existing project maps are contained in the project documents. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $75,070,900, including $5,736,800 of local contribution for conserva- tion storage in the reservoir projects, and $7,058,100 non-Federal cost on local flood-control projects. The flood-control works included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: Dams and reservoirs Benbrook Lavon Grapevine GarzEa-Little Stream_______________ ClearFork .. -- East Fork ...-. Denton Crk__-- Elm Fork. Nearest city _ _------ Benbrook--..... Lavon_ ....... Grapevine -_. _ Lewisville. Drainage area square miles _--__ 433____________ 777---......------ 694..........------------ 1,658. Distance above mouth (miles)_ 15.0....----------- 55.9 .....-..... 11.7- ........... 30.0. Height (feet)_--- ----- 130----------- 69_------------ 137.------------ 125. Type---------------------Earthfill ___--__ Concrete gravi- Earthfill .-..... Earthfill. ty and earth. Flood control storage capacity 170,350 _....... 275,600 ........ 238,250 .....-.. 526,700. (acre-feet). Conservation storage capacity 72,500 --------- ...... 100,000--- 161,250- -----.. 436,000. (acre-feet). Sedimentation reserve capacity 15,750 ...---------. 47,800_ ......- 36,000 --.... .. 53,500. (acre-feet). Capacity, total (acre-feet)-..... 258,600 .....--- 423,400 ......... 435,500 .....-- 1,016,200. Estimated cost: Construction __ $7, 258, 600 $6, 496, 900 $6, 121, 500 $10, 859, 200 Lands and damages- - 3, 691, 400 4, 663, 100 4, 081, 300 11, 240, 80' Total -------------------- 10, 950, 000 11, 160, 000 1 10, 202, 800 2 22, 100a 1 Includes $2,036,800 non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $3,700,000 non-Federal costs. Local flood protection works Distance Estimated cost Location Stream above Type structure mouth Construc- Lands and (miles) tion damages 1 Fort Worth_ Clear and West 560 Levee and channel clear- $3, 388, 800 $5, 971, 500 $9, 360, 300 Forks. ing. Dallas- .... Elm Fork and 505 Levee, channel clearing, 10, 877, 800 420,000 211, 297, 800 Trinity River. and modification of interior drainage. 1Includes $5,560,300 non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $1,497,800 non-Federal costs. Note. See individual reports for further details. 6. LAVON RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Collin County, Tex., on East Fork of Trinity River, 55.9 miles above its confluence with the Trinity River and about 22 miles northeast of Dallas, Tex. Emisting project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the compre- FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 633 hensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, consists of an earthfill dam, approximately 9,499 feet in length, including a gate- controlled concrete spillway 568 feet in length located in the right abutment. The dam has a maximum height of 69 feet above the streambed. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 275,600 acre- feet for flood control, 100,000 acre-feet for conservation, and a sedi- mentation and dead storage reserve of 47,800 acre-feet, a total of 423,- 400 acre-feet. The reservoir extends 10 miles up the East Fork and 16.1 miles up Pilot Grove Creek. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $6,496,900 for construc- tion and $4,663,100 for lands and damages, a total of $11,160,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $78,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Documents and Act' Work authorized reports River and Harbor Act of Reservoir for flood control......-----------------------...................... H. Doc. 533, 78th Mar. 2, 1945. Cong., 2d Sess. River and Harbor Act of ------------------ Provision of conservation storage.... July 24, 1946. Civil Function Appropria- Construction of water conservation and utilization tion Act, 1952. facilities. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Local interests are required by law to repay the cost of a water supply intake structure constructed under au- thorization provided in the Civil Functions Appropriations Act, 1952, approved October 24, 1951 (Public Law 203, 82d Cong., 1st sess.). A water conservation .contract with the North Texas Municipal Water District for conservation storage in the reservoir, including the cost of the water supply intake structure, was approved by the Secretary of the Army on July 8, 1954, at an estimated first cost of $1,220,291. The first installment under this contract is due and pay- able January 1, 1958. Under terms of the approved contract the North Texas Municipal Water District will contribute annually an amount equal to 13.6 per- cent of the actual annual cost experienced for operations and maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition by hired labor, and completion of maintenance buildings, riprap protection to spill- way approach channel, paving of access roads, and installation of post chlorinator in water supply system by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. Total costs during the fiscal year were $180,006 for new work and $63,698 for maintenance, a total of $243,704, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during January 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in October 1953. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 98 percent complete. Land acquisition was 98 percent complete and construction was 97 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of relocation of Collin 634 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 County roads, repair of damaged riprap, and completion of land acquisition. The total costs to June 30, 1955, for regular funds were $10,900,758 for new work and $137,842 for maintenance, a total of $11,038,600. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-......... $3, 436, 000 $1, 500, 000 $184, 600 -$45, 800 ------------ 11, 174, 000 3, 047, 814 Cost---------------..................1,741, 987 1, 169, 857 605, 023 $180,006 10,900, 758 Maintenance: Appropriated--------------------- 7, 000 22, 450 46, 500 63, 200 139, 150 Cost....-------------------.......------- 5,600 18,012 50, 531 63,698 137,842 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------_ $262, 431 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------- -------------- 262, 431 7. GARZA-LITTLE ELM RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Denton County, Tex., on Elm Fork of Trinity River, 30 river miles above its confluence with Trinity River and about 22 miles northwest of city of Dallas, Tex., at a site downstream from the existing Garza Dam. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, pro- vides for the construction of a single earth-filled dam, approximately 32,888 feet in length, including an uncontrolled concrete gravity over- flow spillway 560 feet in length located in the left abutment. This reservoir, designated as the Garza-Little Elm Reservoir, replaces the Little Elm Reservoir, the modified Garza Reservoir, and the Aubrey Reservoir. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 526,700 acre-feet for flood control, 436,000 acre-feet for conservation, and a sedimentation reserve of 53,500 acre-feet--a total of 1,016,200 acre- feet. Of the total conservation storage, 415,000 acre-feet are to be provided for the city of Dallas, and 21,000 acre-feet for the city of Denton, the incremental costs of which are to be borne by those cities. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $10,859,200 for con- struction and $11,240,800 for lands and damages, a total of $22,100,- 000, including $3,700,000 to be contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $100,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests (city of Dallas) contribute the incre- mental cost now estimated to be $3,700,000, for which they will re- ceive 310,000 acre-feet of conservation storage. In addition, the city of Dallas will convey sufficient interests over all lands compris- ing the existing reservoir and appurtenances now controlled by the FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 635 city of Dallas, to insure the proper operation and management of the project, the power to control and limit development, including im- provements existing on Garza Dam, the reservoir lands, and appur- tenances and the right to breach Garza Dam in such manner and degree deemed necessary by the United States for the Garza-Little Elm Reservoir, and in exchange for these rights and privileges the city of Dallas is to receive 105,000 acre-feet of additional conserva- tion storage in the Garza-Little Elm Reservoir. A water conservation contract with the city of Dallas was ap- proved by the Secretary of the Army on July 16, 1953. To date, $3,400,000 has been contributed by the city of Dallas. The remain- ing 21,000 acre-feet of conservation storage has been made available to the city of Denton, Texas, under contract approved by the Secre- tary of the Army on May 20, 1954, at a cost now estimated at $234,660. To date, the city of Denton has paid $14,764. Under terms of the aforementioned water conservation contracts the cities of Dallas and Denton will make annual payments amount- ing to 21.9 and 1.0 percent, respectively, of the actual annual op- eration and maintenance cost experienced. To date the city of Dallas has paid $12,575. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Prep- aration of detailed plans and specifications and land acquisition were continued by hired labor. Relocation of highways was con- tinued and relocation of railroads was completed by continuing con- tracts. Relocation of utilities and reservoir clearing was completed by contract. The embankment was completed by continuing con- tract. Construction of maintenance buildings was initiated by con- tract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. The total cost during the fiscal year for regular funds was $1,- 479,303 for new work and $46,628 for maintenance, a total of $1,- 525,931. Contributed funds: Land acquisition was continued by hired labor and the embankment was completed by continuing contract. The total cost during the fiscal year for contributed funds was $765,337 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during November 1948, and the project was ready for bene- ficial use in November 1954. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 87 percent complete. Engineering and design was 98 percent, land acquisition 71 percent, and construction 94 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of com- pletion of land acquisition, completion of relocation of highways, completion of maintenance buildings, breaching of old Garza Dam, and construction of recreation facilities. The total costs to June 30, 1955, for regular funds were $16,442,830 for new work and $76,902 for maintenance, a total of $16,519,732. The total costs to June 30, 1955, for contributed funds were $2,698,851 for new work. 636 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated- -_.----- $3, 000, 000 $3, 000, 000 $4, 179, 000 $3, 250, 000 $1, 702, 400 $18, 400, 000 Cost- - - 1, 944, 965 3, 743, 079 5, 122, 523 2, 539, 032 1, 479, 303 16, 442, 830 Maintenance: Appropriated--- .. .. ------------ ----------------------- 30, 900 47, 000 77, 900 Cost----------------------- ...- - ---- 30, 274 46,628 76,902 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ _ - -_ $1, 735, 826 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------------------------------------------ 1, 735, 826 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ........---------------- ..------------ $267, 000 $2, 633, 000 __$------------ 3, 400, 000 Cost-------------.. $500, 000 -- 67, 000 1, 366, 514 $765, 337 2, 698, 851 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $699, 874 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------------------------------------------- 999, 874 8. GRAPEVINE RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Tarrant and Denton Counties, Tex., on Denton Creek, 11.7 river miles upstream from its confluence with the Elm Fork of the Trinity River and about 20 miles northwest of the city of Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the compre- hensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, consists of an earth dam approximately 12,850 feet in length, including an uncontrolled concrete spillway 500 feet in length, located in the left abutment. The dam has a maximum height of 137 feet above the streambed. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 238,250 acre-feet for flood control, 161,250 acre-feet for conservation purposes, and a sedimentation reserve of 36,000 acre-feet. The reservoir extends 22.2 miles upstream. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $6,121,500 for construc- tion and $4,081,300 for lands and damages, a total of $10,202,800, in- cluding $2,036,800 to be contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $68,000 (1955). FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 637 The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. In accordance with the recommendation con- tained in the project document, construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests (Park Cities) contribute $607,000 toward the cost of the project, for which they will receive 50,000 acre- feet of conservation storage. The project also provided for an ex- change of 75,000 acre-feet of storage between Grapevine and Lake Dallas in order to secure additional flood control storage in the modi- fied Lake Dallas (Garza). This exchange is no longer required under the new Elm Fork Reservoir plan consisting of the Grapevine and Garza-Little Elm Reservoirs; however, the city of Dallas has requested that the project include 85,000 acre-feet of conservation storage for which the city of Dallas will pay the incremental cost now estimated to be $1,429,800. A water conservation contract with Dallas County Park Cities Water Control and Improvement District No. 2 was approved by the Secretary of the Army on March 21, 1955. Park Cities have con- tributed the entire amount of $607,000. A water conservation con- tract with the city of Dallas was approved by the Secretary of the Army on March 1'7, 1954. To date, the city of Dallas has contributed $1,425,000. In addition, a water conservation contract with the city of Grape- vine was approved by the Secretary of the Army on September 14, 1953, for 1,250 acre-feet of conservation storage at a cost now esti- mated to be $21,027. To date, the city of Grapevine has paid the amount of $2,202. The aforementioned water conservation contracts include payment of operation and maintenance costs as follows: Dallas County Park Cities Water Control and Improvement District No. 2 shall pay a pro rata part of the annual actual experienced cost, such annual pay- ment to be not less than $2,000 nor more than $3,000; the city of Dallas shall pay 9.2 percent of the annual actual experienced cost; and the total annual payment made by the city of Grapevine shall include its pro rata share of operation and maintenance (now estimated at $79.55 annually). To date, the following payments have been made: Dallas County Park Cities Water Control and Improvement District No. 2, $2,120; city of Dallas, $3,606; and city of Grapevine, $159. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Prep- aration of detailed plans and specifications and land acquisition were continued by hired labor. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. The total costs during the fiscal year for regular funds were -$67,705 for new work and $58,617 for maintenance, a total of -$9,088. Contributed funds: Relocation of Denton County roads was com- pleted by contract. 638 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Total costs during the fiscal year for contributed funds were $91,686 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during December 1947, and the project was ready for benefi- cial use in July 1952. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 95 percent complete, and relocations and construction were completed. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acqui- sition. The total costs to June 30, 1955, for regular funds were $8,141,647 for new work and $154,993 for maintenance, a total of $8,296,640. The total costs to June 30, 1955, for contributed funds were $1,937,- 166 for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ..... $1, 741, 000 --.-.- _ -$715, 000 -$244, 600 -$105, 400 $8, 166, 000 Cost_----------_ _ 3, 314, 666 $1, 638, 060 -475, 760 89, 062 -67, 705 8, 141, 647 Maintenance: Appropriated .- ------------... 19, 300 25, 617 53, 000 58, 400 156, 317 ..--------------- Cost---.-__-. . 19, 300 21, 719 55, 357 58, 617 154, 993 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $23, 963 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----------------------------------------- 23, 963 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated_ _..__...._ $907, 000- ------ - $125, 000 __ $2, 032,000 Cost ----------------- $2, 500 318, 764 $921, 786 84, 430 $91, 686 1, 937, 166 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-- ------- $87, 377 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----- 4, 800 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------------------------------- ------------ 92, 177 9. DALLAS FLOODWAY, TEX. Location. The floodway is located on Elm Fork and West Fork of the Trinity River at Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the compre- hensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, provides for FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 639 the strengthening of the levees and the clearing of the floodway. The estimated Federal cost of these modifications (1955) is $9,800,000, and the estimated cost to local interests is $1,497,800, which includes $614,300 cash contribution and $883,500 for lands and damages and construction, a total of $11,297,800. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Act Work authorized Documentsand reports River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, Improvement of levees and floodway- ...... H. Doec. 403, 77th 1945. Cong., 1st sess. River and Harbor Act of May 17, Installation of interior drainage facilities-.... H. Doc. 242, 81st 1950. Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. In addition the project is authorized subject to the conditions that local interests authorize and permit the modi- fications of the levees and floodways 'at Dallas, remove or adjust all obstructing bridges and other utilities as required by the Secretary of the Army, prevent obstructions and encroachments from being placed in the floodway, construct necessary improvements to the interior drainage facilities for the delivery of runoff to the pumps and sluices, and contribute $300,000 in cash toward the construction of the Turtle Creek pressure sewer when and as required. The required $300,000 cash contribution was received on February 26, 1953. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design were continued by hired labor. Construction of pumping plant A, sump area A, Turtle Creek pressure sewers parts I and II, and turfing of A and D areas were completed by contract. Construction of Pavaho Street pumping plant, sump D excavation and levees, Turtle Creek pressure sewers parts III and IV, levee strengthening, and Lake Cliff pressure sewer were initiated by contract. Total costs during the fiscal year were $1,731,575 from regular funds and $214,467 from contributed funds, a total of $1,946,042, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during January 1953, and the project is scheduled to be ready for beneficial use in June 1957. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 33 percent complete. Engineering and design was 91 percent complete, and construction was 30 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of pumping plants and sump areas, completion of Turtle Creek pres- sure sewer, completion of detention basins, strengthening of levees, and channel excavation. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $3,093,174 from regular funds and $323,528 from contributed funds, a total of $3,416,702, all for new work. 363037-55-vol. 2- 41 640 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated...--------- $61,871 $42, 600 $1, 045, 000 $430, 000 1$1, 300, 000 1$3, 061,000 Cost.----------------- 44, 998 74, 521 333, 900 746, 659 1, 731, 575 3, 093,174 1 Excludes $250,000 on loan from OCE. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ____ _ 1-$214, 935 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 2, 690, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____________________-________---__ 2, 475, 065 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_---------------------- 4, 048, 529 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year enaing June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated _... .__ .. _ _ - _ _........... _. $300,000 $7, 393 $29, 000 $336, 393 Cost__.................- - --... 109, 061 214, 467 323, 528 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 __--- $10, 064 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- 277, 936 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-- -------------------------------------- 288, 000 10. BENBROOK RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Tarrant County, Tex., on Clear Fork of Trinity River, 15 river miles upstream from its confluence with the West Fork of the Trinity River, about 10 miles southwest of Fort Worth, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, consists of an earthfill dam 9,130 feet in length, including an uncontrolled concrete spillway 500 feet in length located in the left abutment. The dam has a maximum height of 130 feet above the stream bed. The reservoir provides a total storage capacity of 258,600 acre-feet, of which 170,350 acre-feet are for flood control, 72,500 acre-feet for conservation storage, and a sedimentation reserve of 15,750 acre-feet. The reservoir extends 10.6 miles upstream. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $7,258,600 for construction and $3,691,400 for lands and damages, a total of $10,950,000. The estimated cost of an- nual maintenance is $65,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies, FLOOD CONTROL---FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 641 Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of engineering and design and land acquisition by hired labor, and construction of recreation facil- ities, Government boat dock, and operator's quarters by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. Total cost during the fiscal year was $18,437 for new work and $54,911 for maintenance, a total of $73,348, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during May 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in September 1952. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 94 percent complete, and construction was 100 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $10,809,957 for new work and $137,130 for maintenance, a total of $10,947,087, all from regular funds. Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . ..... 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ........ $1, 947, 000 $339, 000 -$398, 000 $26, 400 ------------ 10, 945, 700 Cost__________ ____ 2, 156,384 864, 697 402, 224 45,631 $18, 437 10,809,957 Maintenance: Appropriated_.... -......... -__ 19,076 21, 000 44,000 53, 120 137, 196 Cost-- _18, 439 19, 922 43, 858 54,911 137, 130 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $130, 447 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________________________________ 130, 447 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_--------------------------------- 4, 300 11. FORT WORTH FLOODWAY, TEX. Location. The floodway is located on the West Fork and Clear Fork of the Trinity River at Fort Worth, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the compre- hensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, provides for raising and strengthening the present levees with material ex- cavated from the channel and floodway, clearing the floodway of timber and debris, removing obstructions and enlarging bridge open- ings by excavation in order to provide a safe capacity in the Clear Fork portion of 60,000 second-feet and 95,000 second-feet in the West Fork portion of the floodway downstream of the confluence of the Clear and West Forks. The estimated Federal cost of this modifica- tion (1955) is $3,800,000. The estimated cost of non-Federal par- ticipation is $5,560,300. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. In addition the project is authorized subject 642 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 to the conditions that local interests authorize and permit the modi- fication of the levees and floodways at Fort Worth, remove or adjust all obstructing bridges and other utilities and dams as required by the Secretary of the Army and prevent obstructions and encroach- ments from being placed in the floodway. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Engineering and design was continued by hired labor. Channel ex- cavation, levees, and drainage facilities were continued by continuing contract. Total cost. during the fiscal year for regular funds was $630,169, all for new work. Contributed funds: That portion of channel excavation and levee construction being performed for the benefit of local interests was continued by continuing contracts. Total cost during the fiscal year for contributed funds was $170,069, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during June 1950, and the project is scheduled to be ready for beneficial use in August 1955. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 95 percent complete. Construction was 93 percent complete, and alteration of railroad and highway bridges was completed. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of channel excavation, levees, and drainage structures. The total cost to June 30, 1955, for regular funds was $3,623,794, all for new work. The total cost to June 30, 1955, for contributed funds was $266,619, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated $650, 000 $700, 000 $697, 000 $950, 000 $175, 000 $3,800,000 Cost ....----------------- 176, 333 613, 721 992, 019 982, 827 630, 169 3, 623, 794 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- - - - $44, 943 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----------------------------------------- 44, 943 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated_________....----------- $20, 000 $46, 550 $30, 000 $180, 230 $276, 780 Cost-__--- -.-. _____ . ------------ - 20, 000 76, 550 170,069 266, 619 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- $36, 487 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ ----- ________--- --- -- 36, 487 FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 643 12. NAVARRO MILLS RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Navarro County, Tex., at river mile 63.9 on Richland Creek, about 16 miles southwest of Corsi- cana, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of an earthfill dam 14,265 feet in length, including an un- controlled concrete ogee spillway 350 feet in length, and flood control outlet works consisting of a gate controlled conduit 13 feet in diameter. The dam which has a maximum height of 94 feet above the streambed, will control 316 square miles of drainage area. The reservoir provides a total storage capacity of 203,400 acre-feet, of which 135,100 acre-feet are for flood control, 53,200 acre-feet are for conservation storage, and 15,100 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $4,622,600 for construction and $3,187,400 for lands and damages, a total of $7,810,000, including $2,810,000 to be con- tributed by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 498, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. In accordance with the recommendation con- tained in the project document, construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) pay an amount equal to 25 percent of the total cost of the project for conservation storage space provided in the reservoir; (b) pay an amount equal to 11 percent of the total cost of the project, which percentage represents the propor- tionate local share of the flood-control portion of the project attribut- able to increase in net returns from higher utilization of the down- stream valley lands; and (c) assume 25 percent of the annual cost of maintenance and operation, payable in 1 lump sum on a capitalized basis, or annually. Local interests have expressed a willingness to acquire the conserva- tion storage space provided and to assume a proportionate share of the cost of annual maintenance. No organization has been formed to sponsor the payment for increased utilization of downstream lands, however, the Texas State Legislature has recently adopted enabling legislation providing for the creation of a conservation and reclama- tion district to be known as "Trinity River Authority." The lower portion of the Navarro Mills project lies within the territorial limits of such authority. Operationsand results during fiscal year. No funds were available during the fiscal year for use on this project. Condition at end of fiscal year. As of June 30, 1955, no regular or contributed funds have been made available for initiation of the project. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-.-- $50, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----------------------------------------- 50, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_--------------._-------__-_-_ 4, 950, 000 Note. In addition to the above, an estimated $2,810,000 is to be contributed by local interests. 644 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 13. WHITNEY RESERVOIR, BRAZOS RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Brazos River, Tex., about 442 miles above the mouth of. the river, 5.5 miles southwest of Whitney, Tex., and about 38 miles upstream from the city of Waco, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets; Waco, Cleburne, and Grandbury, scale 1: 125,000, and Whitney, Blum, and Morgan, scale 1: 62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a concrete dam about 1,674 feet long at the top, including an 824-foot gate-con- trolled spillway section; 2 earthen embankment sections totaling 8,201 feet; and saddle dikes 7,820 feet long. The top of the dam is about 159 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir provides a controlled storage capacity of 2,017,500 acre-feet, including 1,630,500 acre-feet of flood control storage, 131,700 acre-feet of power storage, and 255,300 acre- feet of' dead storage. A powerhouse is located adjacent to the right bank immediately downstream from the nonoverflow section of the dam. The capacity of the initial installation of hydroelectric generat- ing facilities is 30,000 kilowatts. The project which controls 17,656 square miles affords substantial flood protection to the city of Waco, Tex., and the lower Brazos River Valley, and provides for generation of hydroelectric power, and for other beneficial water uses. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $26,834,600 for con- struction and $13,845,400 for lands and damages, a total of $40,680,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $250,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Act Work authorized Documents and reports Flood Control Act of Aug. 18, $5,000,000 for initiation and partial H. Doc. 390, 76th Cong., 1st 1941. accomplishment. sess. Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944. Completion of the project ..--- -- Civil Functions Appropriation Provide suitable access road from Public Law No. 504, 82d Act of 1953. town of Blum, Texas, to Gulf, Cong., 2d sess. Colorado, & Santa Fe Ry. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of engineering and design and land acquisition by hired labor. Gibson tests were performed on one turbine, and the machine shop was air-conditioned. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. Total costs during the fiscal year were -$48,540 for new work and $195,267 for maintenance, a total of $146,727, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during June 1946, and the project was ready for flood-control use in December 1951. The first power was placed on the line in June 1953. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 94 percent complete, and relocations and con- struction were completed. Work remaining to be done to complete FLOOD CONTROL---FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 645 the project consists of completion of land acquisition and deferred maintenance of the relocated Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $40,149,680 for new work and $480,186 for maintenance, a total of $40,629,866, all from regular funds. Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ........ $14, 745, 000 $3, 800, 000 -$626, 000 -- -$27, 500 $40, 680, 000 Cost ...--------------- 8, 689, 432 5, 769, 419 2, 190, 850 $478, 565 -48, 540 40, 149, 680 Maintenance: Appropriated ...--------- ------......----- 41,400 102, 983 148, 700 196, 000 489, 083 Cost-___-------- .. . - - ---- _ 38, 231 77, 482 169, 206 195, 267 480, 186 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-- $517, 438 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --------- ---------- 517, 438 14. BRAZOS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, TEX. Location. These improvements are located in the central portion of the Brazos River Basin within an 85-mile radius of Belton, Tex. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, adopted the basinwide plan of improvement in the Brazos River Basin as outlined in House Document 535, 81st Congress, 2d session, and authorized the appropriation of $40,000,000 for partial accom- plishment of that plant. The plan provides for the construction of the following additional reservoirs for flood control and allied purposes in the Brazos River Basin, Tex.: Waco Reservoir on the Bosque River, Proctor Reservoir on the Leon River, Lampasas Reservoir on the Lampasas River, Laneport Reservoir on the San Gabriel River, Somer- ville Reservoir on Yegua Creek, and Ferguson Reservoir on the Nava- sota River. The plan also provides for improvement-of the channel of Sulphur 'Creek and related work for local flood protection at Lampasas, Tex., and for construction of a levee and related work on the west side of the Brazos River between river miles 250 and 290 to afford flood protec- tion for Burleson County Levee Improvement District No. 1. The plan further provides for modification of the existing Belton Reservoir project by the installation of hydroelectric power generating facilities. The existing project maps are contained in the project document. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost of new work, re- vised in 1955, is $138,230,000 including an undetermined amount of local contribution for conservation storage in reservoir projects, and $260,000 non-Federal cost on local flood protection projects. The flood control works included in the basinwide plan are listed below: Dams and reservoirs Waco Proctor Modification Belton of Lampasas Laneport Somerville Ferguson M Stream_ . . .------ __--------- Bosque .________.... Leon ..........----------- Leon .....-----------Lampasas- ....... San Gabriel- ..... Yegua Creek ... _ Navasota. Nearest city______ ___- Waco_-----------Proctor _----------Belton ...---------- Belton____...... Granger---------......Somerville ....---- Bryan. C Drainage area square miles .-- 1,670____-- _ 1,225------------ 3,412__------------ 1,321.------------ 711__ ___ ____ 1,012_------------ 1,782. Distance above mouth (miles) 4.7------------- 238.9------------16.7.. ..------------ 14.8__------------ 29.1------------20.0- _ 36.5. Height (feet)---------------- _ 135............-------------. 84 -------------- 192_------------- 169 ------------- 101 ------------- 62 -------------- __ 67. O Type___-------------------- Concrete and Concrete and Earthfill __ earth. earth. .. _.... Concrete and earth, Concrete and Concrete and earth. earth. Concrete and earth. ~r Flood control storage capacity 488,000--- ....------.... 256,600----------..... 640,000____.......... 389,900 .. .... 236,100 . ...---------- .. 326,000 ____________ 516,400. (acre-feet). Conservation storage capacity 104,100_________.... 31,400 _____-..... 12,000.........-----------. 56,200-----------........ 28,400-----------......... 38,800----------- 62,200. (acre-feet). C Sedimentation reserve capacity 65,900_____....... 32,700..-----------........ 108,100....----------. ........ 34,900 .-----------...... 16,600____ .------..... 25,900____ 40,600. (a(e-feet). H ttd Power storage capacity (acre- _ _.......--------..... ..--------------- 1337,500------ feet). 0 Capacity, total (acre-feet) -- ___ 658,000 ....---------- 320,700 .-....... 1,097,600 . ...--------- 481,000 ...----------.281,100----------. 390,700___________ 619,200. Estimated cost: z ............--- Construction----------- $26, 029, 500 $12, 245, 700 $7, 460, 000 $23, 215, 300 $18, 725, 600 $9, 076, 100 $14, 284, 300 Lands and damages ..... 11, 670, 500 2, 354, 300 --------- ---------- 3, 084, 700 2, 774, 400 1, 123, 900 2, 015, 700 Total 2 . 37, 700, 000 14, 600, 000 7, 460, 000 26, 300, 000 21, 500, 000 10, 200, 000 16, 300, 000 00 00 1 113,700 acre-feet of power release to be used for conservation purposes. 2 Includes undetermined amount of local contribution for conservation storage. Local flood protection works C, Distance Estimated cost Location Stream above mouth Type structure Lands and (miles) Construction damages Total Lampasas . ....................... _ Sulphur Creek ----------- 13.3-15.7 ..... Channel-rectification_------------------ $945, 200 1 $54, 800 1 $1, 000, 000 Burleson County Brazos River ... .....------------- 250-290 Levee----------------------------- 2, 940, 000 2 230, 000 23, 170, 000 1 Includes $30,000 non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $230,000 non-Federal costs. FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 647 15. BELTON RESERVOIR, LEON RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Leon River about 16.7 miles above the confluence of the Leon and Lampasas Rivers, and about 3 miles north of Belton, Bell County, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey base map, scale 1: 500,000 and U. S. Geological Survey, Belton Sheet, scale 1: 62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a 1,300- foot spillway, 3,806 feet of earthen embankment, and 418 feet of dike. The top of the dam is about 192 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir has a controlled storage capacity of 1,097,600 acre-feet, in- cluding 640,000 acre-feet of flood control storage, 108,100 acre-feet of sedimentation storage, 12,000 acre-feet of conservation storage for Fort Hood, and 337,500 acre-feet of power storage, 113,700 acre-feet of which will be used for conservation purposes as released. The project, which controls 3,412 square miles of drainage area, will afford substantial flood protection to the Leon River Valley from Belton Dam site to confluence with Lampasas River, Little River Valley from con- fluence of Leon and Lampasas Rivers (mile 101.7) to the mouth, and Brazos River Valley from Little River (mile 315.8) to the mouth. When modified, the project will provide hydroelectric power, with an installed capacity of 18,900 kilowatts. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $14,229,900 for construc- tion and $6,770,100 for lands and damages, a total of $21,000,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $77,000 (1955). The Belton project, authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1946, approved July 24, 1946, substantially in accordance with recommen- dations of the Chief of Engineers as contained in his report of April 19, 1946, was modified by the Flood Control Act of 1954, approved September 3, 1954. Act Work authorized Documentsand reports Flood Control Act $15,500,000 for construction of the project for flood control H. Doc. 88, 81st of July 24, 1946. and water conservation. Cong., 1st sess. Flood Control Act $7,189,500 for installation of hydroelectric power generating H. Doc. 535, 81st of Sept. 3, 1954. facilities. Cong., 2d sess. Flood Control Act Allocation of 12,000 acre-feet of conservation storage, with- of Sept. 3, 1954. out reimbursement, as a permanent source of water supply for Fort Hood and adjacent military installations. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Negotiations with the Brazos River Authority are underway for the disposal of the remaining conservation storage in the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of engineering and design and land acquisition by hired labor, continuation of relocation of utilities and county roads by contract, and completion of embankment and spillway by continuing contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. Total costs during the fiscal year were $229,590 for new work and $55,146 for maintenance, a total of $284,736, all from regular funds. 648 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during June 1949, and the project was ready for beneficial flood control use in March 1954. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 58 percent complete. Land acquisition was 75 percent complete, relocations were 98 percent complete, and construction was 45 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project con- sists of completion of land acquisition, completion of relocations, construction of project buildings, construction of recreation facilities, and construction of hydroelectric power facilities. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $12,156,694 for new work and $78,942 for maintenance, a total of $12,235,636, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated_---- --- Cost---------------......... $2, 763, 500 690, 200 $4, 000, 000 1, 913, 971 $2, 488, 000 4, 419, 342 $901, 900 2, 911, 184 $1, 248, 400 229, 590 $13, 540,000 12, 156, 694 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- ......... ---------- -------- ------------ 30, 000 50, 100 80,100 Cost .........---....--------.....-----....---- -------------- ------------ 23, 796 55, 146 78, 942 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ...-- $1, 315, 257 - Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________________ ___________ 1,315, 257 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ___ _______----------- 7, 460, 00 16. WACO RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in McLennan County, Tex., on the Bosque River, 4.7 river miles above its confluence with Brazos River at the city of Waco, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the compre- hensive plan for flood control in the Brazos River Basin, provides for the construction of a concrete and earth dam approximately 20,550 feet in length including a gravity-type concrete nonoverflow section 678 feet long, and a 922-foot-long concrete ogee-type spillway. The darn has a maximum height of 135 feet above the stream bed. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 488,000 acre-feet for flood control, 104,100 acre-feet for conservation purposes, and a sedimenta- tion reserve of 65,900 acre-feet or a total of 658,000 acre-feet. The project which controls 1,670 square miles affords substantial flood protection to the city of Waco, Tex., and the lower Brazos River Valley, and provides for other beneficial water uses. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $26,029,500 for construc- tion and $11,670,500 for lands and damages, a total of $37,700,000 in- cluding an undetermined amount of local contribution. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 535, 81st Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests shall permit the Federal Government FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 649 to breach the existing dam and to utilize, without cost, any of the reservoir lands now controlled by the city of Waco, needed for the construction and operation of the project in exchange for conserva- tion storage equal to that existing in Lake Waco at that time. The city of Waco, in testimony before the Committee on Public Works during hearings on the Flood Control Act of 1954, has agreed to permit inundation of its present Lake Waco in return for an equiv- alent amount of storage in the new reservoir, and stated its desire to purchase additional conservation storage. The Brazos River Au- thority, in testimony before the same committee, has stated that it is willing and anxious to purchase all conservation storage in the new reservoir over and above the needs of the city of Waco. Operations and results during fiscal year. No funds were available during the fiscal year for use on this project. Condition at end of fiscal year. As of June 30, 1955, no funds have been allotted for initiation of the project. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--_ $100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------- ----------------- 100, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_ -- - -_-- -_-..------ 37, 600, 000 17. SAN ANGELO RESERVOIR, NORTH CONCHO RIVER, TEX. Location. This improvement is located on the North Concho River a tributary of the Concho River, about 6.6 miles above the mouth of the North Concho River near the city of San Angelo, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey base map, Texas, scale 1: 500,000, and sheet Wall, scale 1: 62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of the San Angelo Reservoir on the North Concho River upstream from San An- gelo for the control of floods and the conservation of water. The dam consists of an earthfill embankment 37,325 feet long, and an uncontrolled concrete spillway 1,150 feet long with earth dikes on each side totaling 2,410 feet in length. The maximum height of the dam is 128 feet above the valley floor. The reservoir has a total ca- pacity of 391,500 acre-feet, of which 33,900 acre-feet is allocated to sedimentation reserve, 80,400 acre-feet to conservation storage, and 277,200 acre-feet to flood control storage. The reservoir provides substantial flood protection to the flood plains of the Concho and lower Colorado Rivers and to the city of San Angelo. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $10,315,500 for construc- tion and $4,394,500 for lands and damages, a total of $14,710,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $62,000 (1955). The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the plan of improvement for flood control on the North Concho River, Tex., as set forth in House Document 315, 76th Congress, 1st session, and authorized $2 million for the initiation and partial accomplish- ment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized completion of this project. 650 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies to the San Angelo Reservoir. A water conservation contract with the Upper Colorado River Au- thority for conservation storage in the reservoir was approved by the Secretary of the Army on October 11, 1948, at an estimated first cost of $755,000. To date, the Upper Colorado River Authority has made principal payments of $250,115. The amount of $64,324 con- tribution for operation and maintenance over a period of 50 years has been paid in full. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of completion of land acquisition by hired labor. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. Total cost during the fiscal year was $63,729, all from regular funds, of which $11,038 was for new work and $52,691 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 99 per- cent complete. Construction of the project was started during May 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in February 1952. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of reme- dial work for the alleviation of foundation seepage. Total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, all from reg- ular funds, was $14,813,015, of which $14,667,070 was for new work and $145,945 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------- $2, 500, 000 $1, 200, 000 -$28, 000 -$115, 700 - - $14, 701, 400 Cost--------------- _ 4, 616, 781 887, 949 210, 772 104, 888 $11, 038 14, 667, 070 Maintenance: Appropriated_...-- .- --.. -.- 28, 700 24, 950 41, 658 51,900 147, 208 Cost- - - --.... ..........- 25, 440 21, 893 45, 921 52, 691 145, 945 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -$34,-_ 283 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_..... 8, 600 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_--------- -------------------------------- 42, 883 18. HORDS CREEK RESERVOIR, PECAN BAYOU, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on Hords Creek, a tribu- tary of Pecan Bayou, about 13.5 miles west of Coleman, Tex., and about 27.8 miles upstream from the mouth of Hords Creek. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets, Grosvenor and Zephyr, scale 1: 62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a com- pacted earthfill dam approximately 6,300 feet in length with a max- imum height of 91 feet and a crown of 24 feet; semiautomatically. controlled outlet works and an uncontrolled channel spillway 500 feet long; and water supply appurtenances consisting of an approach channel, intake structure and a 24-inch waterline through the dam. FLOOD CONTROL---FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 651 The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 25,310 acre-feet, of which 2,860 acre-feet is allocated to dead storage, 5,780 acre-feet to conservation storage, and 16,670 acre-feet to flood control storage. The project is part of the plan of improvement on Pecan Bayou for flood control and allied purposes. The dam controls 48 square miles, and affords substantial flood protection to the city of Cole- man, Tex., and to agricultural lands in the Hords Creek Valley, and provides municipal water supply for the city of Coleman. The cost of the project was $2,029,734 for construction and $250,012 for lands and damages, a total of $2,279,746, including $105,078.69 contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual main- tenance is $47,000 (1955). The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the plan of improvement for flood control and allied purposes on Pecan Bayou and tributaries set forth in House Document 370, 76th Con- gress, 1st session, and authorized $1,400,000 for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan of improvement. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized completion of the plan. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. Total cost during the fiscal year was $32,735 for maintenance, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during February 1947, and completed in fiscal year 1953. The total costs to June 30, 1955, for regular funds were $2,174,667 for new work and $153,633 for maintenance, a total of $2,328,300. The total costs to June 30, 1955, for contributed funds were $105,079 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_.------ -- $36,190------------ $9, 857 ------------------------_$2, 174, 667 Cost .----------------- 27, 572 $26, 890 16, 746 ------------------------ 2, 174, 667 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... 16, 960 23, 100 22, 500 $30, 000 $33, 100 154, 100 Cost----------------- 18, 053 22, 430 22, 201 30, 815 32, 735 153, 633 Note. In addition, $105,079 was expended from contributed funds. 19. CANYON RESERVOIR, GUADALUPE RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Comal County, Tex., on the Guadalupe River, 303 miles above its mouth, and about 12 miles northwest of New Braunfels, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of an earthfill dam 5,720 feet long, consisting of a main dam 4,410 feet long, an uncontrolled combination ogee-broadcrested type spillway 1,100 feet long, and dikes totaling 210 feet. Maximum height of dam is 224 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir will have a total storage capacity of 740,900 acre-feet, including 374,500 acre-feet for 652 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 flood control and sedimentation reserve, and 366,400 acre-feet for conservation storage. The dam will control 1,425 square miles of drainage basin. The cost of the project (1955) is $11,680,000 for construction and $2,120,000 for lands and damages, a total of $13,800,000, including $1,400,000 cash contribution by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 247, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), subject to the following provision: That whenever any power project, not under Federal license, is benefited by the Canyon Reservoir project, the Federal Power Commission after notice to the owner or owners of such unlicensed project and after opportunity for hearing, shall determine and fix a reasonable and equitable annual charge to be paid to the United States, on account of such benefits by said owner or owners or other recipients of such benefits. The project was modified by the Flood Control Act of 1954, ap- proved September 3, 1954 (Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) to provide for a local contribution during construction, and to permit construction of hydroelectric power facilities at non-Federal expense. The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests (Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority) contribute the amount of $1,400,000 during construction, and pay the remainder of the costs allocable to local interests, with interest thereon at the rate of 21/2 per centum per annum, over a period not to exceed 50 years, for which they will be permitted to utilize the water im- pounded for water conservation and streamflow regulation for de- velopment of electric power. Preparation of a draft of agreement has been initiated. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of transfer of core samples from the site to storage. Total cost during the fiscal year was $1,656, all for new work from regular funds by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 2 percent complete. Engineering and design was 45 percent complete. Total cost under the existing project, all for new work from regular funds, was $560,485. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------- $56, 100 -$872 ............ $3, 000------------ $1, 800 $560, 628 Cost-.----------- ---- 104, 992 5,121 1, 762 $1, 238 1,656 560, 485 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 . - - - $68 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------- ----------- 400, 068 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project__---------_ 11, 439, 372 FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 653 20. GUADALUPE AND SAN ANTONIO RIVERS, TEX. Location. These improvements are located as follows: Gonzales Reservoir on the lower San Marcos River, a tributary of the Guada- lupe River; channel improvement of San Antonio River and tributar- ies at San Antonio, Tex.; and Kenedy Channel improvement at Kenedy, Tex., on Escondido Creek, a tributary of the San Antonio River. Existing project. The Flood Control Act, approved September 3, 1954, adopted the plan of improvement on the Guadalupe and San Antonio Rivers as outlined in House Document 344, 83d Congress, 2d session, at an estimated Federal cost of $30,254,000. The plan pro- vides for the construction of Gonzales.Reservoir on the San Marcos River for flood control and water conservation, and local flood protec- tion for the cities of San Antonio and Kenedy, Tex. The existing project maps are contained in the project document. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $45,833,000, including $5,780,000 of local contribu- tion for conservation storage in the Gonzales project, and $9,560,000 non-Federal cost on local flood-protection projects. The flood-control works included in the plan of improvement are listed below: Dams and reservoirs Gonzales Stream-------------------------------............................--------------------------------------------- San Maroos. Nearest city--.......------ ---------------------------------------- Gonzales. Drainage area square miles__--------__..............__--................................. 1,344. Distance above mouth (miles)--- ........... -...... ............................. 5.4. --- Height (feet).... ------------------------------------------------------ 102. Type ...------------------------------------------------------------ Concrete and earth. 413,200. Flood controlstoragecapacity (acre-feet)---...........-----...........-----------------------......... Conservation storage capacity (acre-feet)--..--. --- -----------------------. . 100,800. Sedimentation reserve capacity (acre-feet)---.........._ -------------------- _.. - 25,000. Capacity, total (acre-feet) ...---------------- ----------- 539,000. --..................................... Estimated cost: Construction------------------------------------------------------------ $15, 111, 400 Lands and damages--..--.. -------------------------------------------------- 6, 268, 600 Total------------------------------------------------------------- 1 21, 380,000 1 Includes $5,780,000 contributed funds. Local flood protection works Distance Location Stream above Type structure Construc- Landsand Total mouth Type structure tion damages (miles) San Antonio__ San Antonio River 221.8- Channel rectifica- $14,891, 400 $9, 333, 601 1$24, 225, 000 and tributaries. 237. 3 tion. Kenedy- .____ Escondido Creek__ 6. 8-8. 9 Channel rectifica- 159, 100 68, 900 2 228, 000 tion. 1 Includes $9,525,000 non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $35,000 non-Federal costs. 654 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 21. SAN ANTONIO FLOODWAY, TEX. Location. The floodway is located in the city of San Antonio, Bexar County, Tex., on the San Antonio River and San Pedro, Apache, Alazan, and Martinez Creeks. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for clearing, widening, deepening, and straightening approximately 31.0 miles of the river and creek channels to carry the standard project flood dis- charges, and construction and alteration of railroad bridges. The estimated Federal cost of these modifications (1955) is $14,700,000, and the estimated cost to local interests is $9,525,000, which includes $400,000 cash contribution and $9,125,000 for lands and damages and construction, a total of $24,225,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 344, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. In accordance with the recommendation con- tained in the project document, construction of the project is author- ized subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of- way necessary for the construction of the project, including the pur- chase and removal of buildings, the relocation or reconstruction of bridges exclusive of railway bridges, the relocation or reconstruction of channel dams where applicable, and the relocation or reconstruction of utility lines; (b) hold and save the United States free from dam- ages due to the construction works; (c) maintain and operate all of the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (d) provide a cash contribution for enhancement benefits of 2.65 percent of actual Federal construc- tion cost. The San Antbnio River Authority, a duly authorized State agency, has indicated its willingness to comply promptly with the require- ments of local cooperation. The authority is currently engaged in purchasing the rights-of-way for this project. Bexar County, in which the project is located, has passed a law levying a flood-control tax to finance a portion of its requirements, and the remainder of the estimated costs of local cooperation will be met by a bond issue. Operations and results during fiscal year. No funds were available during the fiscal year for use on this project. Condition at end of fiscal year. As of June 30, 1955, no regular or contributed funds have been made available for initiation of the project. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .__ $100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------- 100, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ____ _1---------------- 14,600, 000 FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 655 22. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Burleson County Levee, Brazos River, Tex. 3 .......... 1 9 4 8 - .......... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.--..-----..... - - - -- - - $2,940,000 205, 000 2. Eastland, Leon River, Tex. .... ........ 3. Ferguson Reservoir, Navasota River, Tex.3 .__..-_--......-- .......... ....... 16, 300, 000 4. Gonzales Reservoir, San Marcos River, Tex.3 -- _---...-.....-__.............. 21,380, 000 5. Kenedy, Escondido Creek, Tex.3 --------.----- _. ... 193, 000 6. Lake Brownwood Reservoir, Pecan Bayou, 1952 $190, 445 ---...--....----... 15, 009, 555 Tex.2 7. Lampasas Channel, Sulphur Creek, Tex.3 _------__----..........-----... ------ 970, 000 8. Lampasas Reservoir, Lampasas River, Tex.3___.--.............................-------- 26, 300, 000, 9. Laneport Reservoir, San Gabriel River, Tex.... ___ __ ............. _ ____ ......... _______ 21, 500, 000 10. Proctor Reservoir, Leon River, Tex.3 __----------- ---------------- _______ 14,600,000 11. Somerville Reservoir, Yegua Creek, Tex._.......................-- ------------ 10, 200, 000 1 Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision 1955. 2 Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision 1954. 3 Authorized by Flood Control Act approved Sept. 3, 1954. Awaiting appropriation of funds. 23. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Inspection of completed local flood protection projects is made: periodically in compliance with Section 208.10 of Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, which contains regulations for the operation and maintenance of local flood protection works approved by the Sec- retary of the Army in accordance with authority contained in Section 3 of the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Floodways and levees of the Dallas Floodway, Fort Worth Flood- way, and Pleasanton Floodway, as well as 25 levee districts, have been inspected during the fiscal year. The cost of work under this heading during fiscal year 1955 was. $2,613. Cost and financial summary Fiscalyear ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated....--------- $3,000 $3,900 $2, 500 $2, 300 $2, 500 $14, 200 Cost .....___ .. . ... __ 379 6, 521 2,356 2,323 2,613 14,192- 24. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress under authority of section 205 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, as amended. Pursuant to this authorization allotments totalling $279,612 have been made in fiscal years 1951-1955 inclusive, covering 4 projects,, namely: flood protection along the Atascosa River at Pleasanton, Tex.; flood protection along San Diego Creek at Alice, Tex.; flood protection along Tranquitas Creek at Kingsville, Tex.; and flood protection along Paesta Creek at Beeville, Tex. San Diego Creek: The project is located at Alice, Jim Wells County, Tex., on San Diego Creek. The city of Alice is approximately 40- 363037-55-vol. 2- 42 656 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 miles west of Corpus Christi, Tex., and 120 miles south of San An- tonio, Tex. The proposed project provides for channel enlargement along San Diego Creek for a distance of 17,251 feet, construction of a levee 18,019 feet long, and 1 section of steel sheet-pile wall with con- crete cap totaling 227 feet in length, both located along the right bank of the San Diego Creek and generally parallel to the improved chan- nel. The estimated Federal cost for construction (1955) is $135,380. The estimated cost to local interests includes $28,120 for lands and damages and a cash contribution of $6,000, a total of $34,120. The total cost during the fiscal year was $102,537 from regular funds and $4,982 from contributed funds, a total of $107,519. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, from regular funds was $121,691, all for new work. The total cost to June 30, 1955, from contributed funds was $4,982, all for new work. Tranquitas Creek: The proposed project is located at Kingsville, Kleberg County, Tex., on Tranquitas Creek. The city of Kings- ville is located about 34 miles southwest of Corpus Christi, Tex., and about 140 miles southeast of San Antonio, Tex. The proposed proj- ect provides for channel enlargement along Tranquitas Creek for a distance of about 12,600 feet, clearing about 150 acres along Tranqui- tas Creek channel from its mouth upstream about 31,500 feet, and channel paving under 2 highway bridges and 1 railroad bridge. The estimated Federal cost for construction (1955) is $148,000. The cost to local interests, including lands and damages and enlargement of 1 highway bridge opening, is estimated at $42,000. The total cost during the fiscal year was $3,373. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $7,608, all for new work from regular funds. Allotments for the Kingsville project totaled $8,000 to June 30, 1955. Flood Control Emergencies-Repairand flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental au- tthorizations) . The cost of work performed during the fiscal year amounted to $93,978. Operations consisted of completing repairs on breached sections of levees in one levee district, and flood fighting on Brady Creek and Trinity River. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------.. $93. 700- - - $38, 100 $147, 651 $161 $279,612 Cost ..-........... . 11,849 $10,411 108, 246 18, 845 105, 910 255, 261 Otter new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ -- $16, 236 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- ... 140, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- 156, 236 FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 657 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-.........-- ---------------------------------- ..---------------- $6, 000 $6, 000 Cost........------------ ------------------------------------------- 4,982 4,982 Flood Control Emergencies-Repairand Flood Fighting and Rescue Work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 19551 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated- - - - - - - - $10, 722 $48, 920 $9, 542 $197, 200 -$58, 499 $549, 808 Cost-----------------112,344 15,970 31, 080 63, 810 55,338 516,923 1 Prior appropriations and costs in the amounts of $583,000 on Little Cypress and $40,000 on Lower Sabine River, transferred to Galveston District during fiscal year 1955, deleted from this column. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $24, 410 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -.... 6, 900 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------- 31, 310 25. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work performed on authorized reports during the fiscal year amounted to $20,398. The uncosted balance of $404 at the end of the fiscal year, plus an allotment of $42,000, will be applied to continuation of studies on Richland, Chambers, and Cedar Creeks, resumption of studies on Colorado River and tributaries, and initiation of studies on Devil's River and tributaries. 26. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The cost of work on collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year amounted to $4,699. Work performed consisted of stream gaging, collecting rain gage data, storm studies, sedimentation studies, hydrologic studies, and flood investigations. An allotment of $18,000 can be profitably expended for work under this category during fiscal year 1956. FLOOD CONTROL IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT The district comprises the watershed of the Canadian River and tributaries entering the river west of the Texas-New Mexico State line; the watershed of the Arkansas River and tributaries entering the river west of and including Walnut Creek, Kans., the watershed of the Rio Grande and tributaries entering the river west of and including the Pecos River and its tributaries; and the watershed of the Mimbres River and its tributaries in New Mexico. IMPROVEMENTS 'Flood control Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. John Martin Reservoir, Ar- 8. Two Rivers Reservoir, Rio kansas River, Colo. (form- Hondo, near Roswell, N. erly Caddoa Reservoir)- _ 659 Mex - - 670 2. Conchas Reservoir, Cana- 9. Artesia diversion channel, dian River, near Tucum- Eagle Creek, N. Mex .... 672 carl, N. Mex_ 661 10. Other authorized flood con- 3. Chamita Reservoir Project, trol projects___ 673 Rio Chama, N. Mex_ 662 11. Inspection of completed 4. Jemez Canyon Reservoir, flood control works ...... 673 Jemez Creek, N. Mex_.. 664 12. Scheduling of flood control 5. Rio Grande Floodway, Rio reservoir operations ..... 673 Grande, N. Mex_________ 665 13. Flood control work under 6. Albuquerque diversion chan- special authorizations --- 674 nels, tributaries of Rio Grande, N. Mex_ 667 General investigations 7. Los Esteros Reservoir and modification of Alamo- 14. Examinations and surveys_ 676 gordo Dam, Pecos River, 15. Collection and study of basic Near Santa Rosa, N. Mex_ 668 data_---- 676 1. JOHN MARTIN REISERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER, COLO. (FORMERLY CADDOA RESERVOIR) Location. John Martin Reservoir is located on the Arkansas River 1,159 miles upstream from its mouth, 300 miles downstream from its source, and in Bent County, about 18 miles upstream from the city of Lamar, Colo. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Lamar and Las Animas (Colo.) quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The existing project consists of a dam and reser- voir for flood control and water conservation in Colorado and Kansas. The dam is a concrete and earthfill structure approximately 130 feet high with an overflow gated spillway 1,174 feet long. The earth section extending to the abutments flanks the concrete gravity section in the valley, and earth dikes on each abutment in continuation of the earth section extend to high ground, making the overall length of the structure approximately 2.6 miles. The reservoir, which con- trols 18,915 square miles, is one unit of a comprehensive reservoir plan for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin, has a storage 659 660 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 capacity of 279,200 acre-feet for flood control, and 383,700 acre-feet for conservation, a total of 662,900 acre-feet. The completed cost was $11,591,400 for construction, $3,546,500 for lands and damages, a total of $15,137,900 (1955). The current esti- mated annual cost of maintenance and operation is $88,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, under the title "Caddoa Reservoir, near Lamar in Colorado." (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The War Department Civil Appropriation Act approved June 24, 1940, provided that from and after the approval of that act, the Caddoa Reservoir project for- flood control and water conservation in Colorado and Kansas should be known and designated on the public records as the John Martin Reservoir project. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the maintenance building by contract was completed in November 1954. Operation of the reservoir was continued. The structures were main- tained in a serviceable condition. Regulation of the conservation storage in the reservoir was con- tinued under the rules and regulations of the Arkansas River Com- pact. The reservoir was empty at the beginning of the fiscal year and remained empty until July 22, 1954. The reservoir was empty again during the following periods: September 8, 1954, through De- cember 28, 1954; April 17, 1955, through May 18, 1955. During these periods all river flow was passed through the reservoir. A maximum elevation of 3,837.90 was reached June 1, 1955, which was the highest since storage began March 11, 1943. Total releases for the fiscal year were 128,547 acre-feet, all of which were for irrigation. Irrigation releases ended December 28, 1954, and resumed March 7, 1955. The costs during the fiscal year were $61,755 for new work and $115,556 for maintenance. Condition at the end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete. The completed dam and appurtenances have been in operation about 61/2 years. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year under the existing project were $15,077,922 for new work, $968,215 for maintenance. In addition, costs from Emergency Relief funds for new work have been $59,977.15. Cot and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--..------------------ ----------------------- $67, 900 ------------ 1$15, 077, 922 Cost---------- --..- -- 99, 919 $3, 459 $2, 351 5,855 $61, 755 115, 077. 922 Maintenance: Appropriated-......... 73, 500 99, 000 135, 700 90, 766 85, 258 977, 524 66, 656 106, 869 Cost..............-------------... 92, 860 96, 253 115, 556 968, 385 1In addition $59,977 were expended from Emergency Relief funds for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 661 2. CONCHAS RESERVOIR, CANADIAN RIVER, NEAR TUCUMCARI, N. MEX. Location. The dam is located in San Miguel County, N. Mex., on the Canadian River approximately one-fourth mile downstream from the confluence of the Canadian and Conchas Rivers. It is approximately 30 miles northwest of Tucumcari, N. Mex., and 743 miles upstream from the mouth of the Canadian River. The Cana- dian River has a total length of approximately 906 miles, rises in the northeastern part of New Mexico, and flows south and east to the Arkansas River in the vicinity of Webbers Falls, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map of New Mexico, scale 1: 500,000, and U. S. Geological Survey topographic map, Tucumcari quadrangle; scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The existing project consists of a flood control dam and reservoir which is also used for irrigation and water supply purposes. The dam consists of a concrete gravity main section with a maximum height of 235 feet above the foundation and 1,250 feet long located in the Canadian River Canyon, together with earth dikes on each side having an overall length of about 3.7 miles. The main section contains conduits located in its base capable of releasing water to maintain low water flow and for drainage of the reservoir, and an overflow spillway 300 feet in length. The earth dikes are of varying heights up to 100 feet and the north dike contains a concrete ogee type emergency spillway 3,000 feet long. The project involved about 836,000 cubic yards of concrete, 3,600,000 cubic yards of fill, and 1,300,000 cubic yards of excavation. The reservoir has a gross storage capacity of 566,200 acre-feet, consisting of 279,300 acre-feet for water conservation and irrigation, 196,100 acre-feet for flood control, and 90,800 acre-feet dead storage. The dam controls 7,409 square miles of drainage area. The Federal cost was $15,488,908.56, including $2,279,325.70, the cost of initiating construction of the project under authority of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. The estimated annual cost of maintenance and operation is $86,000 (1955). The project is based on the report of the Canadian River, N. Mex., Tex., and Okla., dated June 1, 1931, made in compliance with House Document 308, 69th Congress, 1st session, and approved by the Presi- dent, July 29, 1935, under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, and adopted by Congress in the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation of the reser- voir was continued. The structures were maintained in a serviceable condition. The reservoir reached a maximum elevation of 4,187.82 on June 1, 1955, and a minimum elevation of 4,155.80 on September 24, 1954. Irrigation releases ended September 30, 1954, and resumed January 4, 1955. Total releases for the fiscal year were 70,391 acre-feet, of which 62,363 acre-feet were for irrigation, 62 acre-feet for power pro- duction, 1,096 acre-feet conduit releases and 6,870 acre-feet miscella- neous losses. 2,318 acre-feet were released to Bell Ranch for irriga- tion and 60,045 acre-feet to the canal of the Tucumcari irrigation 662 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 project, under development by the United States Bureau of Recla- mation. The costs for the year were $110,544 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was essentially completed in 1940. The reservoir and appurtenances were in good condition and in operation at the end of the fiscal year. Irrigation of some lands under the project was begun in November 1945. The costs to the end of the fiscal year from regular funds were $12,339,605 for new work, and $1,179,841 for maintenance. The cost of the end of the fiscal year from Emergency Relief funds were $869,977.75 for new work. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year for all funds from depart- mental appropriations were $13,209,583 for new work and $1,179,841 for maintenance. In addition, the costs for work accomplished in initiating the project under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 were $2,279,325.70. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1.954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.----------.. . Cost----------------- . --. -------- $15, 085 --------------------------------------- $4, 456 ---------------------------------........ 1$13, 209, 583 13, 209, 583 Maintenance: Appropriated...-------- 62, 500 87, 695 $86, 000 $91, 100 $61, 342 1,183, 116 Cost----------------- 189, 423 97,369 47,348 85,640 110,544 1,179, 841 1Includes $3,492,696 maintenance and improvement funds and $869,978 Emergency Relief funds, but does not include $2,279,326, the cost of initiating the project under authority of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. 3. CHAMITA RESERVOIR PROJECT, RIO CHAMA, N. MEX. Location. The Chamita Reservoir project is one unit of the flood control phase of the comprehensive plan for the Rio Grande and tributaries, New Mexico. The authorized project provides for the construction of only 1 dam, a high dam, to be located at river mile 5 in Rio Arriba County about 6 miles northwest of Espanola, N. Mex.; however, on the basis of further studies and investigations, a substi- tute plan has been developed which is composed of a combination of :2 dams, 1 of which is a low dam at the authorized Chamita site and the other a high dam at a site near Abiquiu, N. Mex. Both dam sites are located in Rio Arriba County, N. Mex., on Rio Chama, a tributary of the Rio Grande. Low Chamita Dam is approximately 5 miles up- stream from the confluence of Rio Chama and Rio Grande, and is about 6 miles northwest of Espanola, N. Mex. Abiquiu dam site, located near the town of Abiquiu, N. Mex., is about 25 miles upstream from the Chamita dam site. The Abiquiu Dam will control 2,147 square miles and the Chamita Dam 979 square miles downstream from Abiquiu Dam, or a total of 3,126 square miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for plan and profile of Rio Chama, N. Mex., from mouth to mile 103, sheet 1.) The substitute plan is considered the most eco- nomical and practical plan for protecting the Espanola and Middle Valleys of Rio Grande from sediment and floods originating in the FLOOD CONTROL--ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 663: Rio Chama watershed. It will also provide the same degree of pro- tection as the authorized plan and will offer several distinct advan- tages, including a very substantial saving in first cost. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- tion of two dams for flood control and sediment storage as an aid in the prevention of flood damages and river sedimentation in Espanola and Middle Valleys of Rio Grande in New Mexico. Abiquiu Dam is an earthfill dam about 1,540 feet in length, rising 325 feet above streambed, with a combination type outlet works. This outlet works provides for controlled and uncontrolled releases of flood- waters. The controlled outlet consists of a 12-foot-diameter conduit with regulating gates, and the uncontrolled outlet consists of a 10-foot- diameter inclined tunnel which discharges into the 12-foot-diameter tunnel below the regulation gates. The inlet to the uncontrolled outlet would be provided with a concrete ogee weir 16 feet high which limits the flood control and sedimentation reserve capacity of the reservoir to 562,000 acre-feet. After completion of Low Chamita Dam, the con- crete weir at the inlet to the uncontrolled outlet ,would be removed which would reduce the flood and sedimentation reserve capacity of the reservoir to 449,000 acre-feet and limit the combined capacity of Abiquiu and Low Chamita Dams to 700,000 acre-feet for flood and sedimentation reserve. An uncontrolled spillway with bottom width of 25 feet would be located in a natural saddle about 1 mile north of the left abutment. The reservoir will have a capacity of 1,211,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. The uncontrolled outlet tunnel was pro- vided in order to limit the reservoir storage to the required flood and. sedimentation reserve capacities pursuant to the provisions of the au- thorizing legislation and to satisfy the interests of the State of Texas under the Rio Grande Compact. Low Chamita Dam is an earthfill dam about 5,830 feet in length,, rising to a height of 153 feet above streambed, with an offchannel uncontrolled, concrete-lined spillway, and an outlet works comprised of a gate structure, stilling basin, and a flood control conduit 13 feet in diameter. The reservoir will have a storage capacity at spillway crest of 251,000 acre-feet for flood control and sedimentation reserve. The estimated costs are as follows: Abiquiu Dam: $1,756,900 for lands and damages and $11,343,100 for construction, a total of $13,100,000 (1955). Low Chamita Dam: $3,035,000 for lands and damages and $11,- 665,000 for construction, a total of $14,700,000 (1955). Total project cost (substitute plan--Abiquiu and Low Chamita Dams combined) : $4,791,900 for lands and damages and $23,008,100 for construction, a total of $27,800,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 30, 1948, and May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. No. 243, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contain the latest published maps.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies for Abiquiu Dam were continued. The costs during the fiscal year were $191,130 for new work. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Planning of the entire proj- ect is 50 percent complete. Preconstruction planning for Abiquiu Dam is 87 percent complete and for Low Chamita Dam is 60 percent 664 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 complete. It is proposed to initiate construction of Abiquiu Dam in fiscal year 1956. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $627,423. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated --------- $127,000 $56, 100 $55, 000 $132,000 1 $175,000 1 $620,100 Cost_--- 112, 202 109, 203 53, 646 118,153 196, 645 626, 544 1 Does not include $25,000 advanced to the project to be repaid from fiscal year 1956 appropriation. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_-------- -$17, 000 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ 2 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _---------------------------------- 2 483, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_. -_____------------- 26, 679, 900 1Does not include $25,000 advanced to the project to be repaid from fiscal year 1956 appropriation. 2 Includes $25,000 advanced to the project to be repaid from fiscal year 1956 appropriation. 4. JEMEZ CANYON DAM AND RESERVOIR, JEMEZ CREEK, N. MEX. Location. The project is located in Sandoval County, N. Mex., ,on Jemez Creek approximately 2 miles upstream from the conflu- ence of Jemez Creek and Rio Grande, about 5 miles northwest of Bernalillo, N. Mex. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Bernalillo quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a dam and reservoir for flood control and sediment storage. The dam is an earthfill dam rising 136 feet above the stream bed with an ungated saddle spillway. The dam has a length of 780 feet for the earthfill section plus an additional 400 feet for the spillway. The reservoir, which controls 1,034 square miles, is one unit of the flood control phase of a comprehensive plan for Rio Grande and tributaries, New Mexico, will have a capacity for flood control and for sedimentation reserve of 120,000 acre-feet, of which it is estimated that 73,000 acre-feet will be available for the storage of floodwaters at the end of 50 years. The Federal cost was $4,048,727 for construction and $6,900 for lands and damages, a total of $4,055,627 (1955). The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $33,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 30, 1948, and May 17, 1950. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was placed in operation in October 1953. There was no occasion for flood con- trol regulation during the fiscal year, but regulation for sediment control was accomplished during the following periods: March 14-20, 1955; April 18 to May 15, 1955. The reservoir was empty during the remainder of the year. The costs during the fiscal year were $5,571 for new work and $25,347 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 665 Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated on May 4, 1950, and was completed on May 5, 1954. Total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $4,055,627 for new work and $39,025 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: -------- Appropriated......... $500, 000 $900, 000 $2,044,627 -$139, 000 .------------ $4, 055,627 Cost--------- ---- --- 933,985 781,082 1,534,882 563, 723 $5, 571 4,055,627 Maintenance: Appropriated------------------ -------------------- 15, 434 26, 700 42.134 Cost----......--- ------...... --------------------------------- 12, 080 26, 945 39, 025 5. RIO GRANDE FLOODWAY, RIO GRANDE, N. MEX. Location. The project is located on the Rio Grande in New Mexico. It covers the section of the river commencing near Truth or Conse- quences (formerly Hot Springs) and going upstream to the lower end of the Rio Grande Canyon, approximately 14 miles upstream from Espanola. Emisting project. The plan of improvement provides for flood protection and major drainage improvements by channel rectifica- tion and levee enlargement and construction as a joint undertaking by the Bureau of Reclamation and the Corps of Engineers between river miles 123 and 394 (river mile 0 being at the intersection of the New Mexico-Texas State line with the international boundary at El Paso). The portion to be accomplished by the Corps of Engineers will con- sist of levee enlargement and construction and bank protection work where necessary to protect levees. Levees constructed by local in- terests now exist through the reach of the river involved, but are not uniform as to grade, section or standard of construction and in many places are threatened by the meandering river channel. These levees will be modified and supplemented by additional levees where re- quired. The levees as modified or constructed will have a standard section with a crown of 10 feet, 3 on 1 side slopes, and a freeboard of 4 feet above maximum water surface. Based on studies performed it is definitely known that the cost of the proposed work for the entire floodway, if accomplished to ade- quate standards, will exceed by several times the estimated cost as contained in the authorized plan. The authorized plan was predi- cated upon general investigations and local conditions prevailing in the mid-1940's; however, as a result of detailed engineering investi- gations and designs the plan has been materially altered, taking into account recent local developments, and previously undisclosed foun- dation and seepage conditions. The character and amount of stabili- zation works have also been increased based upon further design studies and observation of the river's behavior. Since detailed plans and specifications and engineering and design studies are not suffi- ciently advanced, except for the Albuquerque unit, to determine the quantities of work involved from which a realistic estimate of cost 666 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of the entire floodway can be determined, it was decided to initiate construction in the Albuquerque unit first with funds appropriated for fiscal year 1953 and 1954 and initiate a review of the entire project with a view to development of a firm plan for the remainder of the floodway. At the time this decision was made an estimate of $5 million (1954) was established for levee and flood control work in the Albuquerque unit only. Several plans of improvement have been investigated; however, a firm plan has not been adopted. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 30, 1948, and May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. No. 243, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. In addition, local interests must assume re- sponsibility for all highway bridge and public utility relocations or replacements required. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work of preparing plans anrd specifications and detailed design memorandum for phase III of the Albuquerque unit was continued. General design memo- randum covering the Albuquerque unit, only, is being combined with the detailed design memorandum for phase III. Construction by contract of phase I of the Albuquerque unit, including the tie-back levee (North), flexible bank protection, and Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway grade raise, was completed, and construction of levees, phase II was initiated. The costs during the fiscal year were $736,218. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The general design memo- randum, which is combined with the detailed design memorandum for phase III, is approximately 95 percent complete. All planning for the Albuquerque unit is approximately 97 percent complete. De- sign studies and review of the project outside of the Albuquerque unit for the purpose of developing a firm plan for the remainder of the floodway were suspended. Construction of the Albuquerque unit is approximately 20 percent complete. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $1,094,575. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_--....... $10, 000 -$15, 481 $349, 000 $300, 000 $650, 000 $1, 343, 519 Cost_ 33, 588 8, 600 140, 774 173, 064 736, 218 1,094, 575 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ ---- $90, 236 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956. - - 1, 600, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ 690, 236 1------------------, Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------- 2, 056, 481 FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 667 6. ALBUQUERQUE DIVERSION CHANNELS, TRIBUTARIES OF RIO GRANDE, N. MEX. Location. The Albuquerque Diversion Channels project is located in the area which comprises the watersheds of the ephemeral streams entering a 15-mile reach of the Rio Grande from the east at Albu- querque, N. Mex., and vicinity. The combined drainage area of these tributaries is about 260 square miles. The Sandia Range of the Rocky Mountains, a prominent escarpment parallel to and about 12 miles east of the Rio Grande, forms the eastern border of the watersheds. The crest of this mountain range rises more than a mile in height above the river to an elevation of 10,692 feet above mean sea level. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, Albuquerque, N. Mex., quadrangle, 1: 62,500.) Existing project. There is a serious flood problem on the tribu- taries to the Rio Grande from the east in Bernalillo County, Albu- querque, N. Mex., and vicinity. There are no existing flood control works constructed by the Corps of Engineers on these tributaries. Flash floods originating on the steep slopes of the Sandia Range in- undate large areas of the highly developed lowlands area adjacent to the river. As no adequate outlets to the river exist, the ponded waters remain until removed by seepage, evaporation, or by discharge through small irrigation ditches. The Heights area in eastern Albu- querque is a residential and business district. Embudo Arroyo flows through the northern part of the Heights and causes damage to street crossings and property. Campus Wash and several minor tributaries originating within the Heights also cause damage to streets andurban properties. The central business district, mainline and division shops of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway, Federal and State highways, commercial, industrial, residential, and suburban property in the lowlands are subject to flood damages. Floods also disrupt traffic on vital transcontinental rail lines and highways that traverse the lowlands area, and impounded waters create a serious health problem. The authorized plan of improvement for flood control consists of the north diversion channel and south diversion channel located on high ground east of and parallel to the valley. The north diversion channel extends from Campus Wash north for about 9 miles and inter- cepts the discharge from the numerous arroyos north of U. S. High- way 66. The south diversion channel begins about one-half mile south of U. S. Highway 66, extends south for about 5 miles to inter- cept several minor arroyos, and merges with a channel in Tijeras Canyon. The combined channels discharge into the Rio Grande through an outfall channel. The north and south diversion channels are designed to carry floods equal in magnitude to the standard proj- ect flood from all the tributaries except Tijeras Canyon. The dike intercepting Tijeras Canyon is designed to control a flood equal in magnitude to the estimated maximum flood for the period, 1931 to 1952. 668 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The estimated Federal cost is $7,213,000 for construction and $287,- 000 for relocations, a total of $7,500,000 (1955). The estimated non- Federal cost, including cash contribution of $170,000 for construction, is $2,787,000 (1955). Lands and damages costs are the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1954, approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. No. 464, 83d Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements, local interests are required to make any alterations to existing improve- ments, other than railroads, which may be required and take steps to prevent further encroachment upon existing defined waterways of the tributaries by zoning or other means, or construct adequate waterways, or provide other drainage facilities to prevent the flood problem in the Heights area of Albuquerque from developing into one of 'serious proportions. Local cooperation requirements also include cash contribution to cost of construction in lump-sum amounts equivalent to about 1.3 percent of the total first cost of the north diversion channel and about 3.4 percent of the total first cost of the south diversion channel. The total estimated cost to local interests, including cash con- tribution to the cost of construction proportional to the enhancement of land values in the protected areas, is $2,787,000 (1955). Local interests have organized the Sandia conservancy district to cooperate with the Federal Government in the construction of the project, to construct complementary works, and plan and supervise flood plain zoning as required. They have already collected funds and are formulating plans, aiid it is understood that the conservancy district has adequate bonding ability to finance the requirements of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Engineering and design studies are scheduled to be initiated during fiscal year 1956. 7. LOS ESTEROS RESERVOIR AND MODIFICATION OF ALAMOGORDO DAM, PECOS RIVER, NEAR SANTA ROSA, N. MEX. Location. Los Esteros Dam is located in Guadalupe County, on the Pecos River, at river mile 766.4, approximately 7 miles north of Santa Rosa, N. Mex. Alamogordo Dam (existing) is located in Guadalupe County on the Pecos River, at river mile 710.8 about 21 miles upstream from Fort Sumner, N. Mex., and about 29 miles southeast of Santa Rosa, N. Mex. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, Corazon, N. Mex., sheet, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The authorized plan of improvement provides for construction of an earthfill dam 1,865 feet long with a maximum height of 218 feet above stream bed for flood control, irrigation, pos- sible municipal water supply, and sediment storage. An uncontrolled spillway 630 feet long will be located about 1,000 feet back from the left abutment and will be an unlined open rock cut. The outlet works, composed of a combination pressure tunnel and penstock with FLOOD CONTROL--ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 669 two 54-inch diameter balanced, free discharge valves will be located under the left abutment. An earthfill saddle dam 1,420 feet long and 12-foot maximum height will be located 4,000 feet back from the left abutment of the main dam. Storage capacity of the reser- voir at spillway crest is 587,000 acre-feet, of which 60,000 acre-feet is allocated to sedimentation reserve, 250,000 acre-feet to irrigation: and water supply, and 277,000 acre-feet to flood control. Capacity of the reservoir at maximum pool level is 791,000 acre-feet. Area of the reservoir at spillway crest is 11,650 acres and at maximum pool level is 13,775 acres. The dam controls 2,479 square miles of drainage area. The authorized project also includes modification of existing Alamogordo Dam and Reservoir located on Pecos River (river mile 710.8) about 21 miles upstream from Fort Sumner, N. Mex., to ex- clusive flood control use. Under the terms of the Pecos River com- pact and with the consent of the Carlsbad Irrigation District, the irrigation storage from Alamogordo Reservoir will be transferred to Los Esteros Reservoir. The existing dam is an earth and rockfill structure composed of two sections: the main dam and a dike sec- tion which extends from the main dam to the left abutment. The main dam is 148 feet in height and there is a 3-foot parapet wall on the crest of the dam. A concrete chute spillway controlled by three tainter gates is located in the right abutment. A small hydroelec- tric plant, with a capacity of 7.5 kv-a., supplies local power require- ments at the dam. The reservoir is about 14 miles long, and has a capacity of about 128,000 acre-feet, considering the most recent esti- mate of displacement by sediment. To effect the change of Alamogordo Reservoir to exclusive flood control use, the embankment will be raised 10.5 feet and an emer- gency spillway 500 feet long will be cut through the sandstone and shale ridge on the right abutment. Because the maximum water sur- face would be higher under the modified condition, the crest of the service spillway will be raised to limit the discharge to the existing capacity of the chute. The tainter gates and piers will be removed. Also the needle valves on the outlet works will be removed. The modified reservoir will have a capacity at service spillway crest of 93,500 acre-feet, and a capacity at maximum pool level of 210,000 acre-feet. Area of reservoir at service spillway crest will be 3,480 acres and at maximum pool level 6,350 acres. The storage capacity of Alamogordo Reservoir is diminishing an- nually at the rate of about 2,200 acre-feet by sedimentation and if operated under existing conditions will not be capable of supply- ing the full irrigation demand of the Carlsbad irrigation district for more than 40 years. With the reservoir operated exclusively for flood control in combination with Los Esteros Dam, an appreciable amount of the sediment from the intervening area will be sluiced through, and therefore it is estimated that deposition of sediment will be reduced to an average of about 460 acre-feet annually. With the reduced rates of sediment deposition and with the proposed mod- ification to the dam and spillway, the Alamogordo Reservoir will be effective for flood control for 100 years. 670 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The modification of Alamogordo Dam for flood control will not be undertaken until the construction of the Los Esteros Dam has pro- gressed to a point where storage of irrigation water can begin, since a large part of the storage in Alamogordo Reservoir must be evacuated in order to accomplish the modification of the dam. It will be neces- sary to have sufficient storage capacity available in Los Esteros Reser- voir to effect the transfer of irrigation storage. Further, the control of the river made possible by Los Esteros Reservoir would reduce hazards to construction work during modification of Alamogordo Dam. The estimated Federal cost is $5,737,000 for Los Esteros Dam and Reservoir, plus $393,000 for lands and damages, and $930,000 for modification of Alamogordo Dam, a total of $7,060,000 (1955). There are no relocations involved. The estimated annual cost of operation and maintenance is $27,900 (1955), and the Carlsbad irrigation dis- trict will be responsible for additional maintenance costs estimated at :$10,000, which is approximately equivalent to the amount they now pay toward the operation and maintenance of Alamogordo Dam. The project is a unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control on Pecos River and tributaries, Tex. and N. Mex., authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (sec. 203, Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to first costs, operation and mainte- nance of both reservoirs will be the responsibility of the Federal Gov- ernment; however, the Carlsbad irrigation district will be required to contribute to operation and maintenance costs an annual amount equal to what they now pay toward Alamogordo Dam. The Carlsbad irri- gation district also will be required to agree to the use of Alamogordo Reservoir for flood control purposes only, and because they will realize equivalent benefits from storage capacity in Los Esteros Reservoir, they will be required to continue to fulfill their repayment obligation. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Engineering and design studies are scheduled to be initiated during fiscal year 1956. 8. TWO RIVERS RESERVOIR, RIO HONDO, NEAR ROSWELL, N. MEX. Location. Two Rivers Reservoir project is located about 12 miles southwest of Roswell, N. Mex., on the Rio Hondo. JIio Hondo is formed at the confluence of Rio Ruidoso and Rio Bonito, near the Village of Hondo, N. Mex., in the foothills region of Sierra Blanca in the southeastern part of Lincoln County, N. Mex., and flows in a gen- eral easterly direction to its confluence with Pecos River near Roswell, N. Mex. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, Hondo Reservoir quad- rangle, scale 1: 24,000.) Existing project. The authorized project consists of two earthfill dams, Diamond "A" Dam on Rio Hondo at about river mile 36 and Rocky Dam on Rocky Arroyo at about river mile 14, which will form the Two Rivers Reservoir. Diamond "A" Dam is 106 feet high and 4,994 feet long and Rocky Dam is 120 feet high and 2,924 feet long. Topography of the site permits the use of 4 natural saddles in lime- FLOOD CONTROL--ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 671 stone on the rim of the reservoir for spillways, which have a total length of 2,375 feet. Three of the spillway saddles are between the dams and one is south of Rocky Dam. Outlet works structures will be provided in each dam with a gated structure at Diamond "A" Dam and an uncontrolled outlet at Rocky Dam. No provision is made for conservation storage or storage for any purpose except flood control. Flood releases from Diamond "A" Dam will be controlled, insofar as possible, so that flows through Roswell will not exceed the channel capacity of Rio Hondo which is 1,000 c. f. s. The capacity of Two Rivers Reservoir at spillway crest is 207,500 acre-feet of which 6,000 acre-feet is provided for sedimentation reserve, but which will be utilized for flood control until filled with sediment. The area at spill- way crest is about 5,670 acres and at maximum pool level is 7,130 acres. The dam controls 1,009 square miles of drainage area on Rio Hondo and 75 square miles on Rocky Arroyo, or a total of 1,084 square miles. The estimated Federal cost is $6,050,000 (1955) all of which is for construction. Lands and damages costs are the responsibility of local interests. There are no relocations involved. The estimated annual cost of operation and maintenance is $42,000, of which $13,900 is the estimated cost to local interests and $28,100 is estimated Federal cost. The project is based on the interim report of the Chief of Engi- neers on Rio Hondo at Roswell, N. Mex., prepared under the authority for a report on Pecos River and tributaries, Tex. and N. Mex., granted by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See H. Doc. No. 436, 83d Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Since this is principally a local protection project, under the provision of the authorizing act no construction is to be started until local interests have furnished to the United States, in fee-simple title, all lands necessary for construction of the project; obtained the necessary rights-of-way for and constructed an all- weather access road to the project area; and given assurances satis- factory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) maintain the access road after completion of the dams; (b) maintain the present channel capacities in Rio Hondo between the dam site and mile 12, estimated at 1,000 c. f. s., and in Rocky Arroyo between the dam site and the mouth, estimated at 900 c. f. s.; and (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction, mainte- nance and operation of the project, including any effects on under- ground and surface water supplies in the Rio Hondo Basin and along the Pecos River. The total estimated cost to local interests, not including the cost of annual maintenance, is $114,800, of which amount $43,100 is for con- struction of access road and $71,700 for lands and rights-of-way. Chaves County and Roswell city officials have given their approval of the project and indicated that they would assume the responsibili- ties of local cooperation at the proper time. Because of recent dam- aging floods of October 1954, there is strong local support for the project. 363037-55-vol. 2-43 672 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Engineering and design studies are scheduled to be initiated during fiscal year 1956. 9. ARTESIA DIVERSION CHANNEL, EAGLE CREEK, N. MEX. Location. The Artesia diversion channel project is located on Eagle Creek, a tributary of Pecos River, approximately 4 miles up- stream from Artesia, Eddy County, N. Mex. Existing project. The project will control the runoff from approx- imately 152 square miles of the watershed of Eagle Creek and con- sists of a diversion levee about 5.7 miles long, with a maximum height of about 10 feet, which will intercept the flood flows of Eagle Creek and divert them into Tumbleweed Draw, a tributary which enters Pecos River about 4 miles downstream from Artesia. It also in- volves the construction of a low-water highway crossing about 2,000 feet long on U. S. Highway 285 and a new trestle and grade raise for the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway crossing on Tumble- weed Draw south of Artesia to provide for flood flows which will be diverted from Eagle Creek. The estimated Federal cost is $590,000 (1955), all of which is for construction. Lands and damages costs are the responsibility of local interests. No relocations are involved. The estimated annual cost of operation and maintenance is $3,000 (1955), all of which is non- Federal cost for ordinary maintenance of the diversion levee. The project is a unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control on Pecos River and tributaries, Texas and New Mexico, au- thorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (sec. 203, Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements, local in- terests must assume responsibility for making alterations to existing improvements, other than railroads, which are required because of the construction works. Local interests have given their approval of the project and indicated their willingness to assume the responsi- bility of local cooperation at the proper time; however, they cannot initiate acquisition of necessary rights-of-way until alinement and limits are definitely established. Funds have not been provided for start of planning. The total estimated cost to local interests, not including annual maintenance costs, is $170,000 (1955), of which amount $68,000 is for construction of low-water crossing on U. S. Highway 285, and $102,000 is for lands, rights-of-way, and flowage easements. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Engineering and design studies are scheduled to be initiated during fiscal year 1956. FLOOD CONTROL---ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 673 10. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to full report June 30, 1955 Estimated Name of project see alamount Annual required Report Repor- Con- struction Operation and main- to complete for- struction tenance tenance 1. Pueblo, Arkansas River, Colo_----------- 1954 $201, 958 (2) 2. Colorado Springs, Fountaine Que Bouille River, Colo _ --- .-- ..------------- 4 1952 1 804, 008. 05 (2) 3. Trinidad, Purgatoire River, Colo. ...------- _ 1951 53, 027. 93 (3) $1, 806, 972 4. Creede, Willow Creek, Colo---------_ 1952 219, 788. 99 (2) 5. Bluewater Floodway, Bluewater Creek, N. Mex __ ______-----------_----- 1951 _ (3) a 248, 000 6. Pecos, Pecos River, Tex_ -------------------------- ( (3) 2, 000, 000 1 Does not include $242,000 contributed funds. 2 Completed; maintenance assumed by local interests as required by the authorizing act. 3 A requirement of local cooperation. 4 Pending final action on Purgatoire (Picket Wire) River, Colo., review survey report which was sub- mitted by the district on June 30, 1953, and was forwarded to the Chief of Engineers on Oct. 1, 1953. 5 In addition, local interests are required to contribute the sum of $75,000 toward the cost of construction. 6 Authorized by Flood Control Act approved Sept. 3, 1954. 11. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The cost of all work under this heading during the fiscal year was $2,452. Included under this heading is the inspection of com- pleted flood control projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. During the fiscal year projects in Colorado and New Mexico were inspected. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $3,657. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ---- -_ $1, 000 - $1, 000 $1, 800 $3, 800 Cost__-- - 126 $648 277 152 $2, 454 3,657 12. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, section 7, Public Law 534, 78th Congress, 2d session, authorized the Secretary of War to prescribe regulations for the use of storage allocated for flood control or navigation at all reservoirs constructed wholly or in part with Federal funds provided on the basis of such purposes, and the operation of any such project shall be in accordance with such regulations: Provided, That this section shall not apply to the Ten- nessee Valley Authority, except that in case of danger from floods on the Lower Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, the Tennessee Valley Authority is directed to regulate the release of water from the Ten- nessee River into the Ohio River in accordance with such instructions as may be issued by the War Department. Pursuant to this Act, expenditures were made during fiscal years 1952 and 1953 for scheduling of flood control reservoir operations and 674 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIY, 1955 the preparation of reservoir regulation manual for Platoro Dam, located on the Conejos River, near the Town of Platoro, Conejos County, Colo. Platoro Dam was authorized by the Congress in the Interior Appropriation Act of 1941 (Act of June 18, 1940, ch. 395, 54 Stat. 406). (See H. Doc. 693, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Construction of the project was completed by the Bureau of Reclamation during fiscal year 1952. Platoro Reservoir was operated for flood control on June 8-9, 1955. The draft of the regulation manual was completed during the fiscal year and submitted to the Southwestern Division June 10, 1955. Costs during the fiscal year were $4,762. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $16,737. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 IMaintenance: Appropriated -------------------- $2, 300 $9, 000 $4, 700 $1, 000 $17, 000 Cost --.................. ....... 809 1, 649 9, 388 4, 891 16, 737 13. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATIONS Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). A project for snagging and clearing on Rio San Jose, a tributary of Rio Puerco, at Casa Blanca, N. Mex., was authorized in January 1955. Planning was initiated immediately and completed in time to permit award of a construction contract on June 15, 1955. Construc- tion had not been started by the end of the fiscal year. Costs during the fiscal year were $3,698. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $145,880. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .------...... -$6, 519 $54, 784 - $1, 623 -$17, 151 $50, 000 $192, 182 Cost_----------------- 36, 370 4, 256 27, 069 _ 3, 698 145, 880 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_-_-___--- _ $21, 802 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----------------------------------------- 21, 802 Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). There were no costs during the fiscal year. Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 912 of the 1950 Flood ControlAct) . Pursuant to this authorization, expenditures were made in the FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 675 amount of $150,128 during fiscal years 1951, 1952, 1953, and, 1954 for project reports on emergency flood control measures for protection of the city of Socorro, N. Mex., along Pifion Cafion at Trinidad, Colo., and for the Arkansas River levee, Great Bend, Kans. Construction of the Pifion Cafion Dam located on Pifion Cafion Arroyo 0.6 mile above Trinidad, Colo., which was initiated on January 27, 1954, was completed on August 27, 1954. Operation and main- tenance of the project was assumed by local interests on November 1,1954. During the fiscal year funds in the amount of $475 were expended for a reconnaissance report on flood problem on the Rio Grande at Anthony, Tex. Results of the study showed that the flood problem is beyond the scope and limitations of section 212 legislation; there- fore, no further consideration will be given to the provision of remedial works under that authority. Costs during the fiscal year were $14,331. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $163,426. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated _... $15, 300 $4, 920 $162, 470 -$417 -$18, 847 $163, 426 Cost_ _-------------. 7, 492 12, 424 15, 000 114, 179 14, 331 163, 426 Flood control emergencies-repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). During the fiscal year planning for the project for channel improve- ment and repair on Rio Grande at Riverside and Espanola, N. Mex., was completed. Construction was started on January 17, 1955, and completed on May 6, 1955. On June 27, 1955, a construction contract was awarded for emer- gency levee repair work on the Arkansas River at La Junta, Colo. Construction had not been started by the end of the fiscal year. On October 9, 1954, a construction contract was awarded for emer- gency levee repair work on the Rio Hondo, a tributary of the Pecos River, near Roswell, N. Mex. Construction was completed on Octo- ber 12, 1954. In addition funds were expended during the fiscal year for revision of the flood emergency manual and for emergency flood fighting opera- tions on the Purgatoire and the Arkansas Rivers, in Colorado, at several locations on the Rio Grande in Texas and New Mexico, and on the Pecos River in New Mexico in the vicinity of Roswell and Artesia, N. Mex. Costs during the fiscal year were $89,569. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $337,935, excluding $40,622 stock account. 676 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $32, 045 $28, 208 $86, 767 $124, 000 -$16, 005 $402, 602 Cost .....------------------ 14, 598 53, 209 48, 403 1, 338 89, 569 337, 935 14. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of all work during the fiscal year was $71,383. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, $3,846, and $27,900 to be al- lotted for fiscal year 1956, amounting to a of $31,746 will be ap- total plied as needed during fiscal year 1956 for expenditures under this heading. Included under this heading are a special study involving a comprehensive basin-wide investigation covering the Arkansas, White and Red River Basins; Ark., La., Okla., Tex., N. Mex., Colo., Kans., and Mo., as reported in Vol. 1, and several flood-control studies. 15. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Hydrologic studies involving the collection and study of basic data, such as streamflow data, recording rain gage data, hydrometeorologi- cal studies, fish and wildlife studies, storm studies, sedimentation studies, and hydrologic studies, not assignable to authorized projects or studies were carried on during the year at a cost of $1,792. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT This district comprises the northern and western portions of Arkansas, a portion of southern Missouri, and a small portion of eastern Oklahoma embraced in the drainage basins of the Arkansas River and tributaries above and exclusive of Pine Bluff, Ark., and below the mouth of Poteau River, near Fort Smith, Ark., and of the White River and tributaries above Peach Orchard Bluff, Ark. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Arkansas River and tribu- 8. Clearwater Reservoir, White taries, Ark. and Okla., River Basin, Mo ....... 696 havigation features_ _ 2. Other authorized navigation ___ 677 9. Arkansas River Basin, Little Rock district _- - 698 projects ---------------- 685 10. Blue Mountain Reservoir, Arkansas River Basin, Flood control Ark _ 699 11. Nimrod Reservoir, Arkansas 3. East Poplar Bluff and Poplar River Basin, Ark 701 Bluff, Mo_---- 685 12. Other authorized flood con- 4. White River Basin, Little trol projects-------------_ 703 Rock district_--- 687 13. Inspection of completed 5. Table Rock Reservoir, White flood control works------- 703 River Basin, Mo___.... 691 General investigations 6. Bull Shoals Reservoir, White River Basin, Ark_ . 693 14. Examinations and surveys__ 704 7. Norfork Reservoir, White 15. Collection and study of basic River Basin, Ark___ . 695 data_------------------- 704 1. ARKANSAS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARK. AND OKLA., NAVIGATION FEATURES Location. The Arkansas River rises in the Rocky Mountains near Leadville, Colo., and flows southeastward for about 1,459 miles through the States of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas to join the Mississippi River at a point about 575 miles above the Head of Passes, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps, scale 1: 500,000.) Previous projects. Previous projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 3, 1832, April 8, 1876, March 3, 1879, June 14, 1880, July 5, 1884, August 5, 1886 August 11, 1888, June 13, 1902, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1066, Annual Report for 1932 and pages 744, 864, and 881, Annual Report for 1943. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved the multiple-purpose plan recommended in the report of the Chief of Engineers dated September 20, 1945 (H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), and letter of the Chief of Engineers dated March 19, 1946, and limited appropriations thereunder to $55 million for initia- tion and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, increased the authorization for appropriations 677 678 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 by $1 million by authorization to construct, as an emergency measure, bank protection and control works at Bradens Bend, Okla., thereby increasing the total authorization to $56 million. The River and Harbor and Flood Control Acts of May 17, 1950, increased the au- thorization for appropriations an additional $80 million or to a total of $136 million and modified the multiple-purpose plan and the general comprehensive plan for flood control by substitution of Keystone Reservoir, located on the Arkansas River 538.8 miles above the mouth, for the approved Mannford Reservoir on the Cimarron River and by deletion of the approved Blackburn and Taft Reservoirs on the Arkansas River as recommended by the Chief of Engineers (S. Doc. 107, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Details concerning the Keystone Reservoir are shown under flood control, Tulsa district. The existing project provides for improvement of the Arkansas River and tributaries by construction of coordinated developments to serve navigation, produce hydroelectric power, afford additional flood control, and provide related benefits in connection with other activities such as recreation and wildlife propagation. The naviga- tion features provide for a channel 9 feet deep following generally the Verdigris River from Catoosa, Okla., 52 miles downstream to the Arkansas River; thence along the channel of the latter stream to mile 101.7 (1943 survey); thence by a land cut, designated as the North Bank Canal route, to the White River at mile 17.2; thence along the channel of the White River to mile 7.8; thence by a land cut to the Mississippi River at a point about 590.5 miles above the Head of Passes, La. The waterway would be canalized throughout its length by 3 navigation locks and dams on the Verdigris River and 12 navigation locks and dams, 3 navigation locks, 1 navigation dam, and 4 navigation and hydroelectric power dams downstream therefrom. The 4 navigation and power dams are the Webbers Falls, Short Mountain, Ozark, and Dardanelle projects. Lock chambers are 110 by 600 feet on the Arkansas and White Rivers and 83 by 600 feet on the Verdigris River. A minimum channel width of 150 feet is proposed for the Verdigris River section and 250 feet for the Arkansas and White River sections. The estimated Federal cost of the project (July 1955) is $766,500,000 for new work and is itemized in the following table: Feature Location Estimated cost TULSA DISTRICT MAIN STEM RESERVOIRS Webbers Falls Dam and Reservoir-....._ Verdigris River-mile 4, Arkansas River-mile 2$56, 300,000 432.3. Short Mountain Dam and Reservoir- _.. Arkansas River-mile 432.3 to 395.4............. 95, 500, 000 LOCKS AND DAMS ................................... No. 3---------- Verdigris River-pool-mile 52 to 37.2....----------- 17, 500, 000 No. 2.----------------------------.. Verdigris River-pool-mile 37.2 to 19.4---------......... 13, 500, 000 No. 1_--------- .-.- .- Verdigris River-pool-mile 19.4 to 4----...... . 16, 400, 000 Channel cutoffs, enlargements, and Verdigris River-mile 63 to mile 0--------------...............19, 300, 000 turning basis. No. 25_------...-_.-----------------. Arkansas River-pool-mile 395.4 to 376.2-------....... 31, 700, 000 Dredging_ ___ _... . ..------.----------- Arkansas River-----.. -..-.. ---.. ---.... -.......12, 600, 000 See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 679 1 Feature Location Estimated cost TULSA DISTRICT-Continued BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION Short Mountain to Wilsons Rock-.....-- Arkansas River-mile 395.4 to 376.5...... $7, 336, 000 Wilsons Rock to Fort Smith- ..--... _ Arkansas River-mile 376.5 to 362__-----.--- 5, 964, 000 Total, Tulsa district------ ..... .... ---------------------------- ..--------------- 276, 100, 000 LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT MAIN STEM RESERVOIRS O zark D am and R eservoir .............. A rkansas R iver- m ile 346.5 to 319 ___........... 31, 300, 000 Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir--------.... . Arkansas River-mile 301.8 to 258.2............. 94, 600, 000 LOCKS AND DAMS No. 22-A. . .__ Arkansas River-pool-mile 376.2 to 346.5.... 22, 000, 000 Dredging. .. . Arkansas River _ ___ 2, 300, 000 N o. 19-A .. No. 13-A- ... ._........... ....... _ -_-- - - - - - - Arkansas Arkansas River-pool-mile 319 to 301.8 River-pool-mile 257.8 to 227.9.... ------ 16, 600, 000 18, 600, 000 Dredging .....--.... . _ ..- Arkansas River__ ______ 5, 900, 000 No. 12-A _.- - - - - - - - Arkansas River-pool-mile 227.9 to 208.2... 17, 900, 000 N o. 11-A _ .-------- ......... _._ _ Arkansas River-pool-mile 208.2 to 193.9.... 16, 500, 000 No. 10-A............. .. ..------------- Arkansas River-pool-mile 193.9 to 170.9... 17, 600, 000 No. 9-A ._......................... Arkansas River-pool-mile 170.9 to 153.5... 24, 200, 000 N o. 8-A -- - - - - - - - - - - - - Arkansas River-pool-mile 153.5 to 145 ........ 18, 500, 000 No. 7__--------------------------- Arkansas River-pool--mile 145 to 128 .. 17, 400, 000 Initial snagging_ .-- ---- 500, 000 BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain ... Arkansas River-pool-mile 362 to 327 ......... 10, 000, 000 Mill Creek Mountain to Morrisons Bluff_ Arkansas River-pool-mile 327 to 285 .___.____ 4, 800, 000 Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge .. Arkansas River-pool--mile 257 to 221 ......... 10, 500, 000 Morrilton Bridge to Fourche La Fave._-- Arkansas River-pool-mile 221 to 192 ........ 6, 900, 000 Fourche La Fave to Little Rock__.....__ Arkansas River-pool-mile 192 to 165.5 _------ 10, 530, 000 Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Arkansas River-pool-mile 165.5 to 115.6....... 17, 050, 000 Bridge. Total, Little Rock district_........._ ......................................... 363, 700, 000 VICKSBURG DISTRICT LOCKS AND DAMS Lock No. 5, dam No. 3____..____....__ Pool-Arkansas River mile 101.7 to navigation 29, 440, 000 route mile 52. .-.-..- Pool-navigation route mile 52 to 34....___..... L ock N o. 4-_------------------- 20, 110, 000 ------------ ..----Pool-Arkansas River mile 34 to navigation Lock N o. 3 ._------- 28, 700, 000 route mile 13.2. Lock and dam No. 2_____.._........... Pool-navigation route mile 13.2 to navigation 11, 300, 000 route mile 10.3. Lock and dam No. 1____.-__._.._..._ Pool-navigation route mile 10.3 to navigation 823, 450, 000 route mile 5.7. BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION Jefferson County free bridge to Rob Roy Arkansas River-mile 101.7 to 89..--.__.--.-.-- 2,350, 000 Bridge. Rob Roy Bridge to Arkansas Post Canal__ Arkansas River-mile 89 to 42__................. 8, 500, 000 Arkansas Post Canal to Yancopin Arkansas River-mile 42 to 23.5.--............- 2, 150, 000 Bridge. Yancopin Bridge to mouth-............. Arkansas River-mile 23.5 to 0--------------- 700, 000 Total, Vicksburg district-....-.. 126, 700, 000 Total navigation project ----- _.... ----------------------------------------- 766, 500,000 1 Mileage from 1940 survey for Tulsa and Little Rock districts and 1943 survey for Vicksburg district. 2 Initial development only. Estimated cost of ultimate development including power, $68,500,000. $ Includes cost of entrance channel. 680 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The active features of the project are reported individually on following pages. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, as amended by the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, and the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide adequate terminal and transfer facilities for navigation and to bear the in- creased cost of maintenance and operation of all altered rail and highway routes, including bridges and appurtenances, utilities, and cther existing improvements, other than federally owned. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities along the Arkansas River consist of a paved bank slope, under municipal control, at Little Rock; privately owned log slips at sawmills and stave mills at Little Rock; and sand and gravel derricks and elevators at Van Buren, Dardanelle, Little Rock, and Pine Bluff. These facilities, which are adequate for existing commerce on the river, are located at or near rail connections. Operations and results during fiscal year. Planning and construc- tion of the multiple-purpose project was limited to emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification. Observation and study of bank caving conditions were continued and plans and specifications prepared for emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification works at specific localities. For details see individual reports on following pages. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,625,792, of which $2,534,621 was for new work and $91,171 was for maintenance. The costs for new work include $645,251 for the Tulsa district, $1,212,284 for the Little Rock district, and $677,086 for the Vicksburg district. The maintenance costs include $8,137 for the Tulsa district, $11,637 for the Little Rock district, and $71,397 for the Vicksburg district. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning for the development of the overall plan has been suspended. Definite project studies are 54 percent complete for the Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir and 40 per- cent complete for lock and dam No. 7. Construction of the emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification is 62 percent complete. The completed bank stabilization and channel rectification work amounts to about 18 percent of that work for the existing project. Details of the progress of the emergency bank stabilization and chan- nel rectification work are given by districts in the individual reports on the following pages. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $16,620,262, of which $16,465,488 was for new work and $154,774 was for mainte- nance. The costs for new work include $4,500,825 for the Tulsa dis- trict, $7,706,331 for the Little Rock district, and $4,258,332 for the Vicksburg district. The maintenance costs include $8,137 for the Tulsa district, $11,637 for the Little Rock district, and $135,000 for the Vicksburg district. BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. AND OKLA. (TULSA DISTRICT) Location. The bank stabilization, cutoffs, and channel improvement work are located in the reach of the Arkansas River between Short RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 681 Mountain Dam site and Fort Smith, Ark., river miles 395.4 and 362,, respectively. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Sans Bois (OkIa.), Sallisaw (Okla), and Fort Smith (Ark.-Okla.) quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The project consisting of training dikes, cut- offs, revetment, and other channel work, forms a unit in the multiple- purpose plan and provides for navigation of the Arkansas River. The reach and location of each bank stabilization and channel rectifi- cation project are contained in the following table: Reach Location of reach Short Mountain to Wilsons Rock_--__---__ ---------------- ------ Mile 395.4 to mile 376.5. Wilsons Rock to Fort Smith ...---------------------------------- Mile 376.5 to mile 362.0. The estimated cost (July 1955) is $13,064,500 for construction and $235,500 for lands and damages, a total of $13,300,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Since the corrective bank stabilization in the reach between Wilsons Rock and Fort Smith will also protect the critical location on the right bank of Arkansas River in vicinity of Bradens Bend, Okla., the bank protection work under the Bradens Bend project as author- ized by the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, will not be performed. Loical cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of emer- gency bank stabilization and channel rectification work on the Arkan- sas River between Wilsons Rock, Okla., and Fort Smith, Ark., was continued by contract. The work accomplished consisted of the place- ment of 3,662 linear feet of pile dikes and 2,235 linear feet of rock dikes, and required pilot channels were completed. Also condition and operation studies were made. The costs during the fiscal year were $653,388, of which $645,251 was for new work and $8,137 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification works in the vicinity of Bradens Bend were in- itiated on May 1, 1952, and are 77 percent complete. A total of 29,367 linear feet of pile dikes, 28,352 linear feet of bank revetment, 2,235 linear feet of rock dikes, and 18,950 linear feet of pilot channels have been completed. Bank stabilization work above Wilsons Rock has not been initiated. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, including unsegregated costs for other features of the multiple-purpose plan, were $4,508,962, of which $4,500,825 was for new work and $8,137 was for maintenance. BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. (LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT) Location. The several bank stabilization and channel rectification projects are laid out in various reaches extending from fixed point to fixed point on the Arkansas River from 115.6 to 362.0 miles above the mouth. 682 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AR1Y, 1955 Existing project. The bank stabilization and channel rectification program is a part of the general overall long-range plan for multiple- purpose development of the Arkansas River. The reach and location of each bank stabilization and channel rectification project are con- tained in the following table. Reach Location of reach Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain_____---___-______-----_ Mile 362 to mile 327. Mill Creek Mountain to Morrisons Bluff------------_ ------- _ Mile 327 to mile 285. Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge_--------_ ---------------- __ Mile 257 to mile 221. Morrilton Bridge to Fourche La Fave-- -__-- ______ ____________ Mile 221 to mile 192. Fourche La Fave to Little Rock_ ______________ ______________ Mile 192 to mile 165.5. Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Bridge-------------------- Mile 165.5 to mile 115.6. The estimated cost (July 1955) is $58,399,000 for construction and $1,401,000 for lands and damages, totaling $59,800,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. In the reach from Mill Creek Mountain to Morrisons Bluff contract work was initiated and completed at McLean Bottom for 9,200 linear feet of trench-fill revetment, 5,400 linear feet of rockfill dikes, and for excavation of 8,000 linear feet of pilot channel. In the reach from Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge, contract work was initiated and completed for 5,010 linear feet of rockfill dikes, 125 linear feet of bank protection in the upstream control structures at Holla Bend Cutoff, and 145,866 cubic yards of additional excavation from the existing Holla Bend pilot channel. Repairs were made to about 660 linear feet of dike at river mile 254.1. Contract was awarded for construction of downstream control structures at the Holla Bend Cutoff. In the reach from Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Bridge, contract work was completed for 1,600 linear feet of trench-fill revetment and 2,300 linear feet of pile dikes with rockfill at the Estes Place, 6,500 linear feet of trench-fill revetment at Warings Bend, and 1,715 linear feet of bank protection and 2,615 linear feet of rockfill dikes for control structures upstream from the Hensley Bar Cutoff. The total work involved the placement of 481,718 tons of stone and 55,589 linear feet of piling, and the excavation of 1,583,314 cubic yards of earth. Acquisition was completed on 13 tracts total- ing 906 acres. Also repairs to dike on left bank at mile 254.1 were initiated and completed during the year. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,223,921, of which $1,212,284 was for new work and $11,637 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. In the reach from Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain, excavation of the pilot channel at Trustee Bend is complete. In the reach from Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge, bank stabilization on the right bank between river miles 252.6 and 251.1 RIVERS AND HARBORS LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 683 is complete, a pile dike at river mile 254 is complete, excavation of the Holla Bend Cutoff pilot channel and revetment are complete, the first stage of construction on the upstream control structures for the Holla Bend Cutoff is complete, and construction of 3 pile dikes at Carden's Bottom is complete. In the reach from Morrilton Bridge to Fourche La Fave, excava- tion of the pilot channel for the Morrilton cutoff and construction of the revetment on the left bank of the cutoff and the upstream control works are complete, and construction of the Cadron Ridge dikes on the left bank near river mile 204 is complete. In the reach from Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Bridge, construction of pile dikes and revetment at Estes Place and revet- ment at Waring Bend are complete, bank stabilization on both banks between river miles 127.8 and 121.3 is complete, and excavation of the pilot channel and construction of the revetment on the right bank at Hensley Bar Cutoff are complete, and construction of upstream control works for Hensley Bar Cutoff is partially complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, including unsegregated costs for other features of the multiple-purpose plan, were $7,717,- 968, of which $7,706,331 was for new work and $11,637 was for maintenance. DARDANELLE DAM AND RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. (LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT) Location. Dardanelle Dam site is on the Arkansas River in Pope and Yell Counties, Ark., about 2 miles upstream from the town of Dardanelle and 257.8 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Dardanelle (Ark.) quadrangle.) Existing project. The project is a unit in the multiple-purpose plan and provides for navigation of the Arkansas River and genera- tion of hydroelectric power by construction of a gravity concrete dam and controlled spillway 2,569 feet long and 70 feet above the stream bed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 495,000 acre-feet for navigation and hydroelectric power. The power-generating equip- ment will include 4 units with a capacity of 30,000 kilowatts each. The navigation lock will be 110 by 600 feet in size, with a lift of 52 feet. The estimated cost (1955), excluding the cost of bank stabilization in the upper reaches of the reservoir, is $86,633,000 for construction and $7,967,000 for lands and damages, totaling $94,600,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work was done. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning was not advanced during the year and was estimated to be about 54 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The total cost for new work to the end of the fiscal year was $251,003. Total unsegregated expenditures for Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir, 684 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 navigation locks and dams, and bank stabilization to the end of the fiscal year were $7,706,331 for new work and $11,637 for maintenance, totaling $7,717,968. BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. (VICKSBURG DISTRICT) Location. The bank stabilization and channel rectification proj- ects are laid out in reaches extending from fixed point to fixed point on the Arkansas River from the mouth to 101.7 miles above the mouth. (River miles as measured on the 1943 survey.) Existing project. The bank stabilization program is a part of the general overall long-range plan for multiple-purpose develop- ment of the Arkansas River. Studies indicate that the banks of the river can be effectively stabilized only by completing an entire reach between two relatively stable or fixed points. The reach and location of each bank stabilization and channel rectification project are contained in the following table. Reach Location of reach I Jefferson County Free Bridge to Rob Roy Bridge-_ _ _ - _ -Mile .-------- 101.7 to mile 89. Rob Roy Bridge to Arkansas Post Canal__________------- Mile 89 to mile 42. Arkansas Post Canal to Yancopin Bridge_-_ _..---.--- -------------- Mile 42 to mile 23.5. Yancopin Bridge to mouth___... __..---- _______-..---- .-- _ Mile 23.5 to mile 0. IRiver mileage from 1943 survey. The estimated cost (July 1955) is $13,700,000 for construction. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Additional revetment and pile dike construction in the New Gascony Reach (Trulock) was completed by contract. Revetment and pile dike construction in the New Gascony Reach (Adkins Lake) was initiated and completed by contract. Revetment construction in the New Gascony Reach (Mad- ding) was initiated and completed by contract. Pile dike construc- tion at two locations in the Brunson's Crossing Reach (below Richland Bend and Richland Bend) was initiated and completed by contract. Pile dike construction in Hopedale Cutoff was initiated by contract and is 65 percent complete. The work accomplished in these reaches during the fiscal year consisted of the placement of 8,081 linear feet of pile dikes and 4,230 linear feet of bank revetment. Repairs to bank stabilization works between miles 98 and 34 were initiated by contract and are 86 percent complete. The costs during the fiscal year were $677,086 for new work and $71,397 for maintenance, totaling $748,483. Condition at end of fiscal year. Studies, planning, and design are in progress. Operative bank stabilization works in place include 34,900 linear feet of revetment and 21,732 linear feet of pile dikes. Bank stabilization and channel rectification works have been con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 685 structed in the Arkansas River between Pine Bluff, Ark., and the mouth under appropriation for flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries, of which 33,275 linear feet of pile dikes and 21,755 linear feet of revetment are operative. This work is reported in the Annual Report of the president, Mississippi River Commission. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,258,332 for new work, including unsegregated costs for other features of the multiple- purpose plan, and $135,000 for maintenance, totaling $4,393,332. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated _- $838, 000 $4, 208, 039 $3, 841, 000 $3, 731, 627 $3, 000, 000 $17,968,666 Cost- 1, 173, 613 1, 791, 413 6, 508, 674 3, 479, 478 2, 534, 621 16, 465, 488 Maintenance: Appropriated _______ ____________ ___________ _________ 65, 000 89, 837 154, 837 Cost _ _ _ ___ ____-_____ __ _ _ 63,603 91, 171 154,774 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ -------- $265, 326 3, 950, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956_ _ -____---_ 4, 215, 326 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________________________ 744, 581, 334 2. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Black River, Ark. ant Mo------__-_ - -___1950 $80, 000 $658, 222 (1) 2. Current River, Ark. and 2Mo- _ _ 1950 17, 000 125, 912 (1) 3. Upper White River, Ark. - 1952 813, 197 1, 788, 374 (3) 4. White River, Ark. (above Peach Orchard Bluff) 1950 337, 802 785, 666 (1) 1Channel adequate for existing commerce. Completion not contemplated. 3 Federal operation and maintenance was terminated June 30, 1952, due to lack of commerce. Facilities :atlock and dam No. 1 operated and maintained by city of Batesville, Ark., under 25-year license since that date. 3 Completed. 3. EAST POPLAR BLUFF AND POPLAR BLUFF, MO. Location. This project is located on the left bank of the Black River in and adjacent to the eastern part of the city of Popular Bluff, Butler County, Mo. (mile 210.9). (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Poplar Bluff, Mo., quadrangle, and Corps of Engineers map for Harviell, Mo., quadrangle.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a new compacted earthfill levee encircling that part of the city of Poplar Bluff lying east of the Black River. The levee will begin at a point 686 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 opposite Black River mile 211.8, extend southeastward along Palmer Slough and across the Missouri Pacific Railroad, then southward to Black River at mile 208.4, thence up the left bank of Black River and along the city waterfront to the point of beginning. The plan will require construction of 3.2 miles of standard levee; raising of 1.4 miles of streets to serve as levee; construction of 1 large drainage structure and 8 small culverts; installation of a sewage pumping sta- tion; and excavation of 0.7 mile of ditch along the riverside of the east levee. The levee will have a 3-foot freeboard above the flow line of a project flood as modified by Clearwater Reservoir and con- fined by the levee. The discharge of the modified project flood is 37,000 cubic feet per second. Protection will be provided for 410 acres within the city of Poplar Bluff and for 310 acres adjacent thereto. This plan of improvement is a modification of the original project plan and provides essentially the same degree of protection. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1955) is $354,000 for construction and the estimated cost to local interests for lands and damages is $90,000, a total of $444,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 102, 73d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation were submitted by local interests and approved by the Secretary of War on June 2, 1947. All rights-of-way have been furnished. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Plans and specifications have been completed. The total costs and expenditures to the end of the fiscal year were $39,927, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .....-...- $222, 973---------------------------------------------- $39, 927 Cost-----------------....643 ------- ----- ---------- ............. 927 39, Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - - - $314, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------- 314, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project__---------------------------------- 73 FLOOD CONTROL---LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 687 4. WHITE RIVER BASIN, LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT Location. These improvements are located on the White River and tributaries thereof and are in the States of Arkansas and Missouri. More definite locations of the individual items are given in the follow- ing paragraph. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, as set forth in Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modi- fications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized the sum of $25 million for reservoirs, for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, the reservoirs to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. authorized to be appropriated the sum of $24 million, in addition to previous authorizations, for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the White River Basin in Missouri and Arkansas, including the projects for flood control and other purposes recommended by the Chief of Engineers in House Docu- ment 917, 76th Congress, 3d session, and the modifications in the Nor- fork Reservoir project recommended by the Chief of Engineers in House Document 290, 77th Congress, 1st session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $45 million, the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $40 million, and the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $35 million, in addition to previous authorizations, for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The Flood Control Act ap- proved September 3, 1954, modified the general comprehensive plan to provide for the generation of power in conjunction with flood con- trol at the Greers Ferry Reservoir and the additi.on of Beaver Reser- voir for flood control, power generation, and other purposes, sub- stantially as recommended by the Chief of Engineers in House Docu- ment No. 499, 83d Congress, 2d session. The reservoirs included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: 8683087-55-vol. 2-44 00 Distance Drainage Reservoir Power above area Total Reservoir River Nearest town Height of dam above streambed capacity develop- mouth (square and type (acre- ment (kilo- estimated cost 1 (miles) (miles) feet) watts) I. I I I I Beaver .. - - White_- 608. 5 Beaver, Ark __________ 1, 186 217 feet concrete-gravity and earth-fill_ 1, 654, 000 64, 000 46, 700, 000 O Table Rock 2 -_________ -_ ___--do -- - 528. 8 Branson, Mo_________ 4, 020 252 feet concrete-gravity and earth-fill_ 3, 462, 000 84, 000 68, 700, 000 Bull Shoals 2____________ ___ do_ 418. 6 Amos, Ark ___________ 6, 036 258 feet concrete-gravity_ - - - 5, 408, 000 160, 000 75,860,000 Lone Rock 3- Buffalo__- 3.6 Lone Rock, Ark _.. 1, 331 216 feet concrete-gravity _-- 687, 000 (4) 29, 460,000 Norfork 2 -- -- - North Fork_ _ 4.8 Norfork, Ark ...... 1, 806 222 feet concrete-gravity -- - -- 1, 983, 000 70, 000 28, 660, 000 0 Clearwater 2_ Black_---- 257. 4 Piedmont, Mo ...... 898 earthfill__________ ____________ 154feet 413, 000 (4) 59,715, 258 Water Valley 3_........... Eleven Point_ 12. 6 Watervalley, Ark_ . 1, 152 157 feet earthfill - --- 1, 563, 000 (6) 15,000,000 Bell Foley 7_.__ Strawberry ... 26. 2 Smithville, Ark .... 520 133 feet earthfill________________________ 245, 000 (4) 9, 750, 000 Greers Ferry____________ Little Red -.. 77. 2 Heber Springs, Ark__ 1, 147 240 feet concrete-gravity_- - 2, 856, 000 64, 000 49, 200, 000 4 1July 1955, price levels unless otherwise noted. 5 Final cost. 0 3 2For details of this project, see individual report. To be restudied. 4 None. Estimated cost based on July 1954, price levels. 6 Includes provisions for future power installation. 7 Inactive. Estimated cost based on July 1954, price levels. 0 z0 Ot Ci Ci2 C FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 689 Clearwater, Norfork, Bull Shoals, and Table Rock Reservoirs were selected and approved for construction by the Chief of Engineers in accordance with the above authorization and individual reports on the four reservoirs are given in the following pages. All costs and ex- pefiditures for those four reservoirs previously reported under the heading "White River Basin, Little Rock district" have been trans- ferred to the individual reports. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Stream gaging was con- tinued by hired labor. Preparation of a master manual for reservoir regulation was completed by hired labor. Four notable rises occurred on the Upper White and North Fork Rivers during the fiscal year. Regulation of flow on the North Fork River in the Norfork Reservoir and on Upper White River in the Bull Shoals Reservoir during the fiscal year prevented flooding of about 15,900 acres of improved land of which approximately 11,300 and 4,600 was credited to Bull Shoals and Norfork, respectively. Flood modifications on the White River at Calico Rock, 17 miles downstream from the mouth of the North Fork River and 59 miles downstream from Bull Shoals Dam, and at Newport, 102 miles downstream from Calico Rock, are given in the following tabulation. Bull Shoals Reservoir Norfolk Reservoir White River Calico Rock, Ark.' Newport, Ark.2 Outflow coin- Maxi- Outflow coin- Maxi- 0 Peak cident with mum Corre- Peak cident with mum Corre- Esti- Esti- inflow the peak pool sponding inflow the peak pool spond- mated Esti- mated Date of (cubic uncontrolled elevation flood- Date of (cubic uncontrolled elevation ing Experi- crest Experi- crest mated H peak inflow feet flow at (feet control peak inflow feet flow at (feet flood- enced stage reduc- enced stage reduc- 0 per Calico Rock above storage per Calico Rock above control crest without redue- crest without second) (cubic feet mean sea (acre-feet) second) (cubic feet mean sea storage stage Norfork in stagetion stage Norfork tion tion in m per second) level) per second) level) (acre- (feet) and Bull stage (feet) andBull stage feet) Shoals (feet) Shoals (feet) (feet) (feet) Dec. 29, 1954 46, 000 3 440 619. 3 (4) Dec. 29, 1954 11, 100 320 520. 4 (4) 7. 2 18. 3 11. 1 10. 7 22. 8 12. 1 Feb. 20,1955 50, 000 3760 638. 6 (4) Feb. 20,1955 15, 000 320 528. 0 (4) 8.4 17. 9 9. 5 10. 7 23. 0 12.3 Mar. 20,1955 84, 000 a 2, 290 652. 2 (4) Mar. 20,1955 35, 000 3 20 538. 7 (4) 14. 9 27. 7 12. 8 21. 9 27. 7 5. 8 May 22,1955 22, 000 83, 630 654. 0 (4) May 20,1955 13, 600 360 545. 3 (4) 11. 6 14. 7 3. 1 18. 0 21. 2 3. 2 0 O 1 Appreciable overflow beings at 19 feet. 3 For generation of hydroelectric power. 2 Appreciable overflow begins at 18 feet. 4 Flood regulated in power pool. X m M ci t0l 00 Cat CCt FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 691 The pool elevation of the Norfork Reservoir at the beginning of the fiscal year was 519.54 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 670,600 acre-feet of total storage. At the end of the fiscal year the pool elevation was 548.87 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 1,183,600 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool elevation during the fiscal year was that recorded at the end of the fiscal year. The pool elevation of the Bull Shoals Reservoir at the beginning of the fiscal year was 603.16 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 1,307,000 acre-feet of total storage; and at the end of the fiscal year was 654.77 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 3,083,000 acre- feet of total storage. The maximum pool elevation during the fiscal year was 655.24, corresponding to 3,104,400 acre-feet of total storage. There were no costs during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning is 57 percent complete for Water Valley Reservoir, 15 percent complete for Lone Rock Reser- voir, and 22 percent complete for Greers Ferry Reservoir. The pro- gress on projects selected for construction is given in individual reports. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $823,180, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... $100, 000 -$142, 185 $40, 000 -$15, 000 -$1, 335 $823, 180 Cost_ ------------- 87, 477 5, 838 15, 247 8, 653 -236 823, 180 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ $205, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- _ _ _ 205, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------_ -- 149, 081, 820 5. TABLE ROCK RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, MO. Location. The Table Rock Dam site is at mile 528.8 on the White River in Taney County, Mo., about 8 miles upstream and southwest of Branson, Mo. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Tulsa sheet, scale 1: 500,000; Harrison sheet NJ15-11, Army Map Service series V502, :scale 1: 250,000; U. S. Geological Survey map for Forsyth, Mo., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000). From the dam the reservoir will extend westward into Stone and Barry Counties, Mo., and into Boone, Car- roll, and Benton Counties, Ark. Existing project. The project comprises the construction of a dam 6,423 feet long and 252 feet in height above the stream bed. The dam consists of a concrete gravity structure across the main part of the valley with two rolled earthfill abutment sections and a hydroelectric power generating plant. The concrete portion of the dam will be 1,602 feet long and 261 feet high above the lowest point of foundation. The left abutment embankment will be 3,798 feet long, with a maxi- mum height of 172 feet. The right abutment embankment will be 692 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, .1955 1,023 feet long, with a maximum height of 35 feet. The concrete por- tion of the dam will include a spillway section 531 feet long which will be bridged for a roadway across the dam. The flow over the spillway will be controlled by 10 radial crest gates 45 feet wide and 37 feet high. Flow through the dam will be regulated by four 4- by 9-foot conduits: equipped with hydraulically operated slide gates. The total discharge capacity of the outlets will be 14,500 cubic feet per second with the reservoir filled to the top of flood control pool, elevation 931. Flow to, the powerplant will be through four 18-foot-diameter penstocks. The powerhouse at the downstream base of the dam will provide space for four 50,000-kilowatt generating units, two of which will be installed initially. The switchyard will be located on the left bank downstream from the powerhouse. The reservoir formed by the Table Rock Dam will be one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin and will control the runoff from an area of 4,020 square miles. It will have a total storage capacity of about 3,462,000 acre-feet, of which 760,000 will be for flood control and 2,702,000 for the generation of hydroelectric power. The estimated cost of the project (July 1955) is $61,899,600 for construction and $6,800,400 for lands and damages, totaling $68,700,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 917, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Existing Government buildings and access roads were maintained in serviceable condition. Construction of the dam and appurtenant works by contract was initiated in November 1954. Work during the fiscal year included 473,632 cubic yards of common excavation, 172,908 cubic yards of rock excavation, 222,447 cubic yards of earthfill; and placement of 36,623 cubic yards of concrete and 305,269 pounds of reinforcing steel. One contract for relocation of nine cemeteries was initiated and completed. Contracts were awarded for furnishing and delivering two 68,000- horsepower hydraulic turbines, two 52,632-kilovolt-ampere genera- tors, and station service turbines. Land acquisition was completed by hired labor on 16 tracts totaling 1,586 acres. Preparation of plans and specifications was continued by hired labor. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,826,662, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary work is 67 percent complete and preparation of plans and specifications is 58 percent complete. The office, service buildings, utilities, and access roads are complete. Drilling and grouting are complete. Land for the dam site and work area has been acquired. Construction of the dam is 11 percent complete. The project as a whole is 10 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of plans and specifications; preparation of a master plan for reservoir management and public use; completion of the dam; construction of FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 693 the powerhouse, switchyard, and appurtenances; installation of power-generating. and allied electrical equipment; land acquisition for the reservoir; completion of relocations; and construction of facilities for reservoir management and public use. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $6,490,738, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated - __ _- $100, 000 $150, 000 $2, 985, 000 -$1, 349, 546 $4, 849, 546 $7, 651, 006 Cost _-- - 153, 249 120, 154 1,246,527 351, 194 3, 826,662 6,490,738 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - ____- $724, 862 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 11, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _______________ _________________ _ 11, 724, 862 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________________--------- 50, 048, 994 6. BULL SHOALS RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Bull Shoals Dam is located at mile 418.6 on the White River in Baxter and Marion Counties, Ark., about 7 miles north of Cotter, Ark., and 10 miles west of Mountain Home, Ark. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Tulsa sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) The Bull Shoals Reservoir extends northwest along White River to the Ozark Beach Dam at mile 506.1 and comprises lands in Taney and Ozark Counties, Mo., and Boone, Marion, and Baxter Counties, Ark. Existing project. The project consists of a gravity-type concrete dam 2,256 feet long and 258 feet in height above the stream bed, and a hydroelectric power-generating plant. The dam consists of a spill- way section 808 feet long located above the river channel and two nonoverflow sections contiguous thereto and extending into the abut- ments. The spillway is controlled by 17 radial crest gates 28 feet high by 40 feet long. The flood-control outlets consist of sixteeen 4- by 9-foot conduits through the dam at the base of the spillway which are controlled by hydraulically operated slide gates. The total capacity of the outlets is 49,000 cubic feet per second, with the reser- voir filled to the top of the power pool, elevation 654. The power- house at the base of the dam, on the left side of the spillway, is pro- vided with eight penstocks, and four 40,000-kilowatt generating units with provisions for installation of four additional generating units in the future. The reservoir, which is one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 6,036 square miles. It has a total storage capacity of about 5,408,000 acre-feet, of which 2,360,000 are 694 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARVY, 1955 for flood control and 3,048,000 are for the generation of hydroelectric power. The estimated cost of the project (July 1955) is $70,123,400 for construction and $5,736,600 for lands and damages, totaling $75,- 860,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $360,000 (July 1955), including $52,000 for major replacements. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 917, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which con- tains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Contract for relocation of Missouri State Highway No. 80 bridge over White River was com- pleted. Two contracts for road relocations and one for relocation of an electric transmission line were completed. One contract for bituminous surfacing of access roads was awarded and two were com- pleted. One contract for construction of sanitary facilities for pub- lic-use areas was awarded, one was completed and one was continued. Contracts for construction of information center and for additions to the stilling basin were completed. Installation of load control, carrier current, and miscellaneous electrical equipment by hired labor was continued. Drilling and grouting by hired labor was continued. Land acquisition was completed by hired labor on 14 tracts totaling 1,045 acres. Ordinary operation and maintenance of the project were continued. No major repairs or replacements of flood control or electrical-gen- erating equipment were required during the fiscal year. A total of 241,117,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was delivered to the Southwestern Power Administration for sale. The results of operation of the Bull Shoals Reservoir for flood control are shown under the heading "White River Basin, Little Rock District." The costs during the fiscal year were $1,030,626, of which $715,732 was for new work and $314,894 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in April 1946, and the project was ready for beneficial use for flood control in February 1951, and for generation of electrical energy in September 1952. The project is essentially complete. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of land acquisition; procurement and installation of transformers, test- ing instruments, and miscellaneous equipment; surfacing of access roads; rim grouting; drilling water wells and construction of sanitary facilities for public use; and miscellaneous minor construction work by hired labor. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were $76,244,267, of which $75,321,686 was for new work and $922,581 was for maintenance. FLOOD CONTRO--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 695 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ........ $16, 272, 000 $14, 960, 000 $995, 000 $768, 800 $1, 123, 500 $76, 220, 800 Cost . - - -15, 412, 982 13, 731, 952 5, 097, 450 1, 989, 074 715, 732 75, 321, 686 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... ------------............51, 461 256, 000 306, 000 309, 340 922, 801 C o st . .. - - 5 1, 276 . . . . . . . . . ..- 241, 705 314 ,705 3 1 4, 8 94 9 22, 5 8 1 Note. Unobligated balance for new work will not be available for revocation until CPA report on Flippen Material contract is received and final cost determined. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ --- $254, 814 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------- ----------- 254, 814 7. NORFORK RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Norfork Dam is located on the North Fork River about 4.8 miles above its confluence with the White River, near Nor- fork, Baxter County, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Mountain Home, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Norfork Res- ervoir extends northward from the dam across Baxter County, Ark., to Ozark County, Mo. Existing project. The project consists of a concrete gravity-type dam 2,624 feet long and 222 feet in height above the streambed and a hydroelectric generating plant. The dam consists of a spillway section 568 feet long located above the river channel and 2 non- overflow sections contiguous thereto and extending into the abut- ments. The spillway is controlled by 12 radial crest gates 28 feet high and 40 feet long. The flood control outlets consist of eleven 4- by 6-foot conduits through the dam at the base of the spillway which are con- trolled by hydraulically operated slide gates. The total capacity of the outlets is about 23,000 cubic feet per second with the reservoir filled to top of power pool, elevation 552. The powerhouse at the base of the dam on the right side of the spillway is provided with two penstocks and two 35,000-kilowatt generating units. Two addi- tional penstocks are provided through the dam for installation of additional generating units in the future. The reservoir, which is 1 unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 1,806 square miles, or practically the entire drainage area of the North Fork River. It has a total storage capacity of about 1,983,000 acre- feet, of which 732,000 acre-feet is for flood control and 1,251,000 is for generation of power. The estimated cost of the project (July 1955) is $27,491,400 for construction and $1,168,600 for lands and damages, totaling $28,660,- 000. The estimated cost for annual maintenance is $240,000 (July 1955), including $21,000 for major replacements. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, as amended by the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doec. 290, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) 696 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. One contract for fur- nishing miscellaneous electrical equipment was awarded, six were completed and one was continued. One contract for bituminous sur- facing of access roads was awarded and three were completed. One contract for construction of sanitary facilities for public use was awarded, 1 was completed and 1 was continued. Installation of powerhouse control room lighting by hired labor was continued. Ordinary operation and maintenance of the project were continued. No major repairs or replacements of flood-control or electrical-gen- erating equipment were required during the fiscal year. A total of 23,743,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was delivered to the Southwestern Power Administration for sale. The results of operation of the Norfork Reservoir for flood control are shown under the heading "White River Basin, Little Rock District." The costs during the fiscal year were $533,895, of which $316,254 was for new work and $217,641 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is essentially complete. Construction was initiated in October 1940 and the project was ready for beneficial use for flood control in June 1943 and for generation of electrical energy in June 1944. Work remaining to complete the project includes installation by contract of three-phase transformer and auxiliary equipment; instal- lation by hired labor of load-control equipment, control room light- ing, and displays for powerhouse reception room; and completion of contract for construction of sanitary facilities for public use. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $30,909,975, of which $28,585,686 was for new work and $2,324,289 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated -.....--- $98, 000 $3, 400 __ _ _---- -$100, 000 -$63, 000 $28, 637, 000 Cost________________ 192, 574 124, 444 $63, 074 95, 639 316, 254 28, 585, 686 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- 250, 000 233, 500 210, 500 237, 000 213, 000 2, 324, 400 Cost _ - 249, 489 226, 786 212, 369 246, 868 217, 641 2, 324, 289 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ ________ $44, 873 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------______ 44, 873 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project---------------------------__ _ 23, 000 8. CLEARWATER RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, MO. Location. Clearwater Dam is located in Wayne and Reynolds Counties, Mo., on the Black River, 257.4 miles above its confluence with the White River, 6 miles southwest of Piedmont, Mo., and 32 FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 697 miles northwest of Poplar Bluff, Mo. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Piedmont, Mo., quadrangle, scale 1:62,500.) From the dam, the reservoir extends northward and westward in Reynolds County. Existing project. The project consists of an earthfill dam 4,225 feet long and 154 feet in height above the stream bed. Outlet works consisting of a gate-controlled, concrete-lined tunnel are located in the right abutment and discharge into the river below the dam. An uncontrolled, concrete-type ogee spillway is located on the right abut- ment with overflow discharging into Webb Valley and reentering the river at a point about 1 mile downstream from the dam. The reser- voir, which is 1 unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 898 square miles. It provides storage capacity of about 391,- 000 acre-feet for flood control, and a permanent pool of about 22,000 acre-feet for recreational purposes and as a wildlife refuge, or a total of 413,000 acre-feet. The cost of the completed project is $9,120,267 for construction and $594,991 for lands and damages, totaling $9,715,258. The estimated cost for annual maintenance (July 1955) is $63,000, exclusive of major replacements. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Ordinary operation and maintenance were continued. Two noteworthy rises occurred on the Black River above the Clearwater Reservoir during the fiscal year. Flooding was pre- vented on an average of about 9,835 acres of cultivated land for each rise. The results of regulation on the river stages at Poplar Bluff, 46.4 miles downstream, are given in the following tabulation. Clearwater Reservoir Poplar Bluff, Mo.1 Outflow coincident Maximum Corre- Estimated Peak inflow with peak flowfrom pool eleva- sponding Experi- crest stage withou Estimated Estimated Date of peak tion (feet flood-con- enced Clear- reduction inflow (cubiper sec- per sec- trolled aea trolled area above trol stor- crest stage water water in stage ond) (cubic feet mean sea age (acre- (feet) Dam (feet) per sec per sec-- level) feet) (feet) (feet) ond) Feb. 20, 1955..., 10, 700 300 505. 1 22,200 11. 5 17. 2 3. 2 Mar. 20, 1955_.. 17, 900 200 514.9 50, 700 16. 9 18. 7 1.8 1 Appreciable overflow begins at 12 feet. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 494.55 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 22,820 acre-feet of total storage; and was 494.67 feet above mean sea level at the end of the fiscal year, corresponding to 23,010 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool elevation during the fiscal year was 514.86 feet, cor- 698 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 responding to 72,630 acre-feet of total storage. Sufficient releases were made from the reservoir during the low-water periods to supply municipal water for Poplar Bluff and for other usages. The con- servation pool elevation was fluctuated during the warm months as an aid in the control of mosquitos. The costs during the fiscal year were $58,349, of which $528 was for new work and $57,821 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was initiated in June 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in March 1948. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $10,128,795, of which $9,715,258 was for new work and $413,537 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------......... $306,000 ---------------------- ............ -$33, 602 $528 $9, 715, 258 Cost ..----------------- 432, 165 $188, 722 $24, 027 49, 232 528 9, 715, 258 Maintenance: Appropriated- ........- 51, 000 66,645 63,200 56, 500 53, 280 413,625 Cost ------------------ 54, 582 64, 127 66, 008 54, 720 57, 821 413, 537 9. ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT Location. These improvements are located on tributaries of the Arkansas River and are in the State of Arkansas. More definite locations of the individual items are given in the following paragraphs. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin was adopted by Con- gress in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The original authorization of $21 million has been modified by subsequent additions and revisions to the plan and the present amount authorized to be appropriated for prosecution of the plan is $288,573,000. The reser- voirs within the Little Rock District included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: Dis- Drain- Height of Reser- Power tance Nearest age dam above voir develop- Final Reservoir River above st area stream bed capacity ment outh (sq. and typ (acre- (kilo- (miles) miles) feet) watts) Blue Moun- Petit Jean__ 74. 4 Blue Moun- 488 115 feet; earth- 258, 000 (1) $4, 771, 050 tain. tain, Ark. fill. Nimrod-..... Fourche La 62. 6 Nimrod, Ark_ 680 97 feet; con- 336, 000 (2) 3, 772, 420 Fave. crete-gravity. 1 None. s Includes provision for future power installation. FLOOD CONTROI--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 699 Blue Mountain and Nimrod Reservoirs were selected and approved for construction by the Chief of Engineers in accordance with the above authorization, and individual reports on the two reservoirs are given in the following pages. 10. BLUE MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Blue Mountain Dam is located in Yell County, Ark., on the Petit Jean River about 74.4 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River, and about 12 miles south of Paris, Logan County, Ark. Blue Mountain Reservoir extends westward from the dam into Logan County. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Magazine, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The project consists of an earthfill dam about 2,800 feet long and about 115 feet in height above the stream bed. Outlet works consist of a gate-controlled, concrete-lined tunnel through the right abutment, discharges from which are directed back into the Petit Jean River at a point about 3,000 feet below the dam. An uncontrolled saddle spillway 150 feet long is located on the left abutment, about 1,200 feet downstream from the dam axis. The reservoir, which is one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 488 square miles, or approximately 46 percent of the total drainage area of Petit Jean River. It provides storage capacity of about 233,000 acre-feet for flood control, and a permanent pool of about 25,000 acre-feet for recreational purposes and as a wildlife refuge or a total of 258,000 acre-feet. The cost of the completed project is $4,225,163 for construction and $545,887 for lands and damages, totaling $4,771,050. The esti- mated cost (July 1955) of annual maintenance, is $61,000, exclusive of major replacements. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Ordinary maintenance and operation of the project were continued. Seven notable rises occurred on the Petit Jean River during the fiscal year. Flooding was prevented on an average of about 3,450 acres of improved land for each flood. The results of flow regul a- tion on river stages at Danville are given in the following tabula- tion. Danville is 25.6 miles downstream from the dam and just downstream from the mouth of Dutch Creek which is the principal tributary of the Petit Jean River. 700 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Blue Mountain Reservoir Danville, Ark.1 Outflow coincident Maximum Corre- Estimated Peak with peak crest stage Estimated pool eleva- sponding Experi- i Estimated Date of peak tion (feet flood-con- enced reduction nflo per se- trolled area above trol stor- crest stage Mountain in stage mean ond) (cubic feet level)sea (acre- agefeet) (feet) Dam (feet (feet) per sec- (feet) ond) Dec. 29, 1954 - 4, 750 75 387. 1 9, 800 14. 3 18. 2 3. 9 Feb. 5, 1955______ 2, 400 95 386. 1 6, 500 11. 9 17. 2 5. 3 Feb. 20, 1955_.... 9, 900 25 390. 3 21, 400 18. 4 22. 5 4. 1 Mar. 6, 1955 ... 4, 500 120 386. 5 7, 800 16. 5 20. 3 3. 8 Mar. 20, 1955_.... 18, 500 25 401. 8 80, 700 21. 6 25. 4 3. 8 May 20, 1955 1, 360 25 387. 0 9, 500 15. 2 17. 8 2. 6 May 26, 1955 320 240 386. 0 6, 100 17. 1 2 17. 1 0. 0 I Appreciable overflow begins at 17 feet. 2 Flood entirely from uncontrolled area below dam. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 384.93 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 27,490 acre-feet of total storage. At the end of the fiscal year the pool elevation was 385.29 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 28,590 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool level during the fiscal year was 401.82 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 105,340 acre-feet of total storage. The conservation pool elevation was fluctuated during the warm months as an aid in the control of mosquitoes. Sufficient releases were made from the reservoir during low-water periods to supply municipal water for Danville and for other usages. The costs during the fiscal year were $53,752, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was initiated in May 1940 and the project was ready for beneficial use in March 1947. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $5,234,764, of which $4,771,050 was for new work and $463,714 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary FiScal year ending June 30 Total to June 1 en IJVV1110a, 19.M5 infnltn_ 111($1UU- ing iscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ___- -- -- -$6, 500 -$215 -$4,165 ----------------------- $4, 771, 050 Cost--------- ------ 48, 566 9, 736 3, 932 ------------------------ 4, 771, 050 Maintenance: Appropriated---_ _. 42, 000 63, 155 56, 000 $58, 500 $50, 780 463, 935 Cost ................----------------- 45, 687 60, 492 58, 206 57, 963 53, 752 463, 714 FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 701 11. NIMROD RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER, BASIN, ARK. Location. The Nimrod Dam is located in Perry County, Ark., on the Fourche La Fave River, 62.6 miles above its confluence with Arkansas River, and about 19 miles southeast of Danville, Yell County, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Hot Springs, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Nimrod Reservoir extends west- ward from the dam into Yell County. Existing project. The project consists of a concrete gravity type dam 1,012 feet long and about 97 feet in height above the stream bed. The dam consists of a spillway section 198 feet long located above the river channel, and 2 nonoverflow sections contiguous thereto and ex- tending into the abutements. Seven gate-controlled conduits for regulating and discharging flood flows are located through the base of the spillway section. In addition, two smaller valve-controlled conduits are provided through the spillway section for regulating low flows. Penstocks and provisions for future spillway gates have been installed to provide for future power generation. The reservoir, which is 1 unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 680 square miles, or approximately 60 percent of the entire drainage area of the Fourche La Fave River. It provides storage capacity of about 307,000 acre-feet for flood control, and a permanent pool of about 29,000 acre-feet for recreational purposes and as a wildlife refuge, or a total of 336,000 acre-feet. The cost of the completed project is $3,117,342 for construction and $655,078 for lands and damages, totaling $3,772,420. The esti- mated cost (July 1955) of annual maintenance is $61,000, exclusive of major replacements. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Ordinary maintenance and operation were continued. Four notable rises occurred on the Fourche La Fave River during the fiscal year. Flooding was prevented on an average of about 1,450 acres of improved land for each rise. The results of flood regulation on river stages at Aplin are given in the following tabulation. Aplin is 13.7 miles downstream from the dam and just downstream from the mouth of South Fourche La Fave River which is the principal tributary. 702 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Nimrod Reservoir Aplin, Ark.1 Outflow coincident Maximum Corre- Estimated Peak with peak pool eleva- sponding Experi- crest stage Estimated Date of peak inflow fo flow from om tion (feet flood con- enced without reduction inflow (cubic feet uncon- above trol stor- crest stage Nimrod in stage ond) (cubic area persend)- trolled feet per sec- level)sea mean (acre- agefeet) (feet) Dam (feet) (feet) ond) Feb. 5, 1955 ....__ 5, 200 110 345. 8 16, 000 15.1 18.9 3. 8 Feb. 21, 1955__.... 7, 500 520 345. 5 14, 500 14. 1 21. 2 7. 1 Mar. 21, 1955_..... 18, 400 10 355. 6 81, 200 28. 4 33. 1 4. 7 May 27, 1955______. 8, 800 10 348. 1 28, 100 18. 6 28. 8 10.2 i Appreciable overflow begins at 17 feet. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 343.27 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 33,700 acre-feet of total storage. At the end of the fiscal year the pool elevation was 343.50 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 34,680 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool level during the fiscal year was 355.60 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 110,260 acre-feet of total storage. The conservation pool was lowered gradually during the warm months as an aid in the control of mosquitoes. Sufficient re- leases were made from the reservoir during low-water periods to supply water requirements downstream. The costs during the fiscal year were $64,272, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was initiated in January 1940 and the project was ready for beneficial use in January 1942. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,443,191, of which $3,772,420 was for new work and $670,771 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------........ $10, 000 ...........------------ -$1, 941 ..-......... $3, 772, 420 Cost ---------------- 60, 790 $17, 585 4, 352 ------------------------ 3, 772, 420 Maintenance: Appropriated......... 59, 500 60, 400 41,000 $57, 500 $62, 050 671,383 Cost----------------- 62, 696 61, 545 40, 565 57. 579 64, 272 670, 771 FLOOD CONTROIr--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 703 12. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 Estimated full report amount Name of project see AnnualOperation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Black River, Poplar Bluff, Mo., to Knobel, Ark.: Arkansas portion_------------------------ 1941 $445,585 .............. (1) M issouri portion 2---------------- 1953 $4, 151, 270 138,730 ..........----------- 2. Carden's Bottom drainage district No. 2, Arkansas River, 3 Ark_-------------------- 1951 (1) 919,955 ......----------... 3. Clarksville, Ark. __ _________________ 1953 --- -- -- -- --- - ---- -- --- --- - 268,000 4. Conway County drainage and4 levee district No. 1, Arkansas River, Ark. _______.__._ (5) .... .......... .........---- 250,000 5. Conway County levee districts Nos. 1, 2, and 8, Arkansas River, Ark___ . . .. . 1952 1,018,840 .........---------- (1) 6. Conway County levee district No. 6, Arkan- sas River, Ark ...-------------------......... 1952 390,952 ............ (1) 7. Crawford County levee district, Arkansas River, Ark_ _ .- .-.. _ . .-.- .. -- __ 1954 2,001,820 .--- -- -- -- (1) 8. Faulkner County levee district No. 1, Arkan- sas River, Ark_--.. --. . _.........-------- 1941 99,511 .......... (1) 9. Fort Smith, Arkansas River, Ark _..-.- - 1951 1, 077, 546 (1) 10. From North Little Rock to Gillet, Ark. (above Plum Bayou).--------- - - - ---- 4 1954 300 845, (1) 11. Holla Bend Bottom, Arkansas River, Ark. __ (6) -- 883, ----277-- .... 344,000 12. Little Rock, Arkansas River, Ark .. ...... 1951 883,277 ..------------ (1) 13. McLean Bottom levee district No. 3, Arkan- sas River, Ark _- ....------- 1950 422, 549 ------------ (1) 14. Near Dardanelle, Arkansas River, Ark ..... 1953 198,069 ------------ (1) 15. Newport, White River, Ark __---_-- - 1941 314, 276 --- - ----- (1) 16. North Little Rock, Arkansas River, Ark .---- 1943 501,639 --------------I (1) 17. Roland drainage district, Arkansas River, Ark ___.. ...........-----------------... 1950 26,0237 -----------. (1) 18. Skaggs Ferry, Black River, Ark ----- .- 1941 81,023 ............. (1) 19. South Bank Arkansas River, Little Rock to Pine Bluff, Ark.: Head of Fourche Island to Pennington Bayou-..- . ........-------------. ... .. 1954 1, 358, 151 (1) Tucker Lake ----.....-- .. ......------ .... 1950 376, 597 (1) 20. Van Buren, Arkansas River, Ark- 1952 .--------.. 438, 222 (1) 21. Village Creek, White River and Mayberry districts, Ark _.- . ... 7 . .. 1941 532, 310 (1) 22. West of Morrilton, Arkansas River, Ark. ?..... 1953 1,191, 359 898,641 1 Completed. 2 Inactive. Notice of expiration of authorization after 5 years was issued Oct. 1, 1952. Estimate based on July 1954 price levels. 3 To be restudied. Estimate based on July 1954 price levels. 4 Awaiting appropriation of funds for construction. Estimate based on July 1955 price levels. 5See H. Doc. No. 167, 82d Cong., 1st sess., for description of project. A See H. Doc. No. 157, 82d Cong., 1st sess., for description of project. 7 Inactive. Estimate based on July 1954 price levels. 13. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Approved regulations for operation and maintenance of flood con- trol works, part 208 of title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, provide for semiannual inspection of completed projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. Inspections of the local flood protection projects included under this heading were made during the fiscal year to determine the extent of compliance with approved regulations for maintenance and opera- tion of these projects. Responsible officials of the improvement dis- tricts concerned were advised of inadequacies in the maintenance and operation of the local flood protection works under this jurisdiction where appropriate. 363037-55-vol. 2- 45 704 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The costs during the fiscal year were $2,974, all for maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $11,974, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... $2, 000 $2, 500 $2, 000 $2, 500 $3, 000 $12, 000 Cost--------------- 1, 793 2, 449 2, 098 2,660 2,974 11, 974 14. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs during the fiscal year were $59,030, of which $1,193 was for flood control studies and $57,837 was for special studies. The balance unexpended June 30, 1955, including accounts receiv- able, $3,532, will be applied during the fiscal year 1956 to payment of outstanding liabilities and other expenses to be incurred under this heading. Additional funds in the amount of $17,000 can be profitably ex- pended during the fiscal year 1956 for investigations. 15. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Ninety-seven stream-gaging stations were operated during the fiscal year, 38 of which were operated cooperatively by the United States Geological Survey and the Corps of Engineers, and the remainder independently by one or the other of these agencies. Suspended sediment samples were collected at 40 stations during the fiscal year in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey and sus- pended loads were determined at certain stations. Approximately 120 rainfall and/or river reporting stations were operated in a coop- erative program by the United States Weather Bureau and the Corps of Engineers for use in forecasting streamflow for flood warning and operation of reservoir projects. Records also were collected at certain hydroclimatic rainfall stations under a cooperative program of the two agencies. Two storm studies and general hydrologic studies relating to streamflow frequency and distribution were continued. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,293, of which $860 was for storm studies and $1,316 was for flood investigations, and $1,117 was for hydraulic studies. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT This district comprises southern Kansas, small portions of south- western Missouri and west Arkansas, northern Oklahoma, the north- ern portion of the Texas Panhandle, and small portions of northeast- ern New Mexico and southeastern Colorado embraced in the drainage basin of the Arkansas River, and its tributaries above the mouth of the Poteau River, inclusive, and below the mouth of Walnut Creek near Great Bend, Kans., exclusive of that portion of the watershed of the South Canadian River and its tributaries west of the Texas-New Mexico State line; and a portion of western Arkansas, the northern portion of the State of Texas, and the southern portion of the State of Oklahoma embraced in the drainage basin of the Red River and its tributaries above Fulton, Ark. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Arkansas River and tribu- 17. Carthage, Mo___--__ 722 taries, Ark. and Okla-.- 706 18. Pensacola Reservoir, Arkan- 2. Other authorized navigation ses River PBsin, Okla _ _ 723 projects______________ 706 19. Markham Ferry Reservoir, Arkansas River Basin, Flood Control Okla_ 724 3. Hutchinson, Arkansas River, 20. Fort Gibson Reservoir, Ar- Kans_ _ 706 kansas River Basin, Okla_ 726 4. Wichita and Valley Center, 21. Tenkiller Ferry Reservoir, Arkansas River, Kans ... 707 Arkansas River Basin, Okla_ 728 5. Enid, Okla___ 709 22. Eufaula Reservoir, Canadian 6. Fort Supply Reservoir, North River, Okla_____________ 729 Canadian River, Okla --- 710 23. Wister Reservoir, Arkansas 7. Canton Reservoir, Arkansas River Basin, Okla -----.. 730 River Basin, Okla -_---- 711 24. Arkansas River Basin, Tulsa 8. Oklahoma City Floodway, District 731 North Canadian River, 25. Denison Dam (Lake Texoma) Okla__- - 712 Red River, Tex. and Okla_ 733 9. Great Salt Plains Reservoir, 26. Red River below Dehison Salt Fork of Arkansas Dam, Tulsa District_ - 734 River, Okla_ 713 27. Millwood Reservoir, Little 10. Keystone Reservoir, Arkan- River, Ark____ 735 sas River, Okla_ 714 28. Other authorized flood con- 11. Polecat Creek, Okla. (Hey- trol projects_ 736 burn Reservoir and chan- 29. Inspection of completed proj- nel improvements) ---.. 12. Fall River Reservoir, Arkan- 716 ects_ _-------- 30. Flood control work under 737 sas River Basin, Kans_-... 717 special authorizations- -. 738 13. Toronto Reservoir, Arkansas 31. Scheduling of flood control River Basin, Kans ...... 718 reservoir operations ..... 739 14. Oologah Reservoir, Arkansas River Basin, Okla_..... 719 General investigations 15. Hulah Reservoir, Caney River, Okla_ 720 32. Examinations and surveys. 739 16. Strawn Reservoir, Grand 33. Collection and study of (Neosho) River Basin, basic data.__ 739 Kans_-_-___ 721 705 706 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1. ARKANSAS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARKANSAS AND OKLAHOMA A consolidated report on this project for the Vicksburg, Little Rock, and Tulsa districts, submitted by the Little Rock district, Southwestern Division, is on page 677. 2. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated Name of project full report June 30, 1955 amount re- see Annual quired to report for- Construction Maintenance complete 1. Red River from Fulton, Ark., to mouth of Washita River, Okla.'------------------ --- 1924 $378, 574 $182,'157 (2) Curtailment of project is recommended in H. Doc. 947, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 2 Maintenance only. 3. HUTCHINSON, ARKANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. The project is located on the Arkansas River and Cow Creek, a tributary of the Arkansas River, in the immediate vicinity of Hutchinson, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Lyons and Hutchinson, Kans. quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The project provides for a diversion channel and a system of levees to protect the city of Hutchinson, Kans., and vicinity from floodwaters of Arkansas River and Cow Creek, starting at river mile 817 on the Arkansas River and extending about 9 miles upstream. The plan of improvement consists of a 300-foot-wide leveed diversion canal approximately 1 mile west of the city limits of Hutchinson, intercepting Cow Creek at mile 14.9 above its mouth and carrying floodwaters from the creek south for about 2 miles to enter the Arkansas River upstream from Hutchinson. The levee on the left bank of the diversion canal starts at the hills about 41/2 miles north of the canal to intercept all of Cow Creek floodwaters. The combined flow of the creek and the river is confined past the city by levees on both sides of the river, forming a 1,000-foot floodway. The flanking levee on the left bank of the Arkansas River has an opening at about mile 821 at the mouth of the present Harsha drainage canal. Protection against backwater of the Arkansas River up the existing canal is provided by increasing the height of the existing levees. Additional protection is provided to a rural area west of the diversion canal by a loop levee, and to the urban area of the Island Park sub- division, northwest of Hutchinson, by a ring levee. The flanking levee on the right bank of the Arkansas River, which protects the town of South Hutchinson, starts at mile 822.3 above the mouth of the river and extends downstream to mile 818.5. The estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $3,512,000 and the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $2,274,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Resolutions by the city of Hutchinson, agreeing FLOOD CONTROL---TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 707 to meet the requirements, were submitted by the city under the dates of March 16 and 30, 1945, and were approved by the Secretary of War on July 4, 1945. The city of Hutchinson has granted rights of entry for the entire project. Certain useful portions of the project have been accepted by the city for operation and maintenance, and on June 28, 1955, the city was requested to accept the completed project for operation and maintenance. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Relocations and alter- ations to existing railroad facilities were continued from 86 to 100 percent of completion under cost-reimbursable contracts. The last phases of the project, consisting of two ring-levee areas west and northwest of Hutchinson, were started on May 13, 1954, and completed November 20, 1954, by contract. Turfing of these levees was accom- plished, by contract, during May 1955. Estimated flood losses pre- vented by the completed portions of the project amounted to $32,000 during the fiscal year. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $189,367. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction operations were in- itiated April 10, 1952, by contract. Completed portions of the project have been transferred to the city of Hutchinson, for maintenance and operation. The entire project is essentially complete. Work remain- ing to financially complete the Federal portion of the project consists of railroad relocation contracts. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $3,502,733. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-_... -$1,180,000 $1, 900, 000 $1, 393, 000 $447, 000 -$517, 267 $3, 502, 733 Cost-_----------------- 9, 020 45, 815 1, 300, 201 1, 714, 818 189, 367 3, 502, 733 4. WICHITA AND VALLEY CENTER, ARKANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. The project is located on the Arkansas River, and Little Arkansas River and Chisholm Creek, tributaries of the Arkansas River, in the immediate vicinity of Wichita and Valley Center, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Wichita, Kans., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The project provides for a diversion channel and a system of levees to prevent flooding in the cities of Wichita and Valley Center, Kans., and environs, starting at a point 760 miles above the mouth of the Arkansas River and extending upstream about 33 miles. Under the plan Little Arkansas River will be diverted into the Arkansas River by means of a floodway beginning at a point about 2 miles northwest of Valley Center and extending southward to the Arkansas River (at river mile 785.7) about 9 miles northwest of Wichita. The flows of Chisholm Creek and its middle and west branch tributaries will be collected by a system of levees and channels north of Wichita and diverted across the Little Arkansas River into the Arkansas River (at mile 780). The combined flows of the Little 708 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Arkansas River, Chisholm Creek, and Arkansas River will be confined and diverted to the west of the city by a floodway, with existing stream channels being utilized to carry flood flows to the limit of their capacity. This bypass floodway will begin at a point about 3.1 miles downstream from the Kansas State Highway 96 river crossing and will provide a channel having a normal bottom width of 80 feet and an average depth of 10.9 feet. Levees flanking the floodway will, in general, be spaced 900 feet center to center with an average height of 8.5 feet and a crown width of 8 feet or more. From the Arkansas River the floodway would extend southwest 2 miles to intercept Big Slough, along Big Slough for 5 miles, thence south and southeast 2.5 miles to intercept Cowskin Creek, along Cowskin Creek for 2 miles, thence east, and southeast about 5 miles entering the Arkansas River approximately 1 mile northwest of Derby, Kans. (at river mile 760). Existing levees and drainage canals previously constructed by local interests, are being enlarged, strengthened, or rectified as required. The completed system with 5 control structures will provide about 91.2 miles of levee. The estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $13,000,000 and the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $6,580,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. The city of Wichita has furnished assurances of local cooperation for the entire project which were approved by the Secretary of War on February 25, 1946. Right of entry has been granted the entire project except in the Chisholm Creek area. Ac- quisition of the right-of-way for this remaining portion of the project is under way by local interests. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Construction of the project was continued from 37 to 47 percent completion, by contract. The work accomplished consisted of relocation of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad crossing on the Big Slough-Cowskin floodway which lies west and south of the city, construction of 10.7 miles of training levee flanking the Arkansas River northwest of the city, and partial construction and strengthening of the existing Riverside Levee which flanks the Arkansas River south of the city, all by con- tract. Negotiations for relocation of the Missouri Pacific Railroad facilities were completed and relocation work on that railroad was started January 20, 1955, and continued to 33 percent completion, by continuing contract. Negotiations were continued with railroad companies whose facilities will be affected and engineering and design studies in connection with preparation of contract plans and specifi- cations for completion of the project were continued, all by hired labor. Estimated flood losses prevented by the completed portions of the project amounted to $12,000 during fiscal year. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,333,093. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction by contract for clear- ing, snagging, widening, and otherwise improving the existing East Branch interception canal and Wichita drainage canal was initiated FLOOD CONTROL---TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 709 in May 1950 and completed in August 1950. This portion of the project was transferred to the city of Wichita, Kans., on February 7, 1951, for future maintenance and operation. Construction was con- tinued on Big Slough-Cowskin floodway, the largest single feature of the project. Work on this feature started in June 1950, and at the end of the fiscal year Big Slough-Cowskin floodway was approxi- mately 66 percent complete, including the required relocations. Con- struction of the lower segments are complete except for certain gaps where work is held in abeyance pending the completion of railroad bridge crossings. The project as a whole is 47 percent complete. In general, the work required to complete the project, in addition to Big Slough-Cowskin floodway, consists of construction of the Little Arkan- sas River floodway and Chisholm Creek diversion canal. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $6,150,912. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------_ -,_-... $500, 000 $1, 990, 000 $1, 100, 000 $1, 800, 000 $7, 553, 000 $378, 521 Cost ..........----------- 149, 499 2, 018, 849 1, 780, 731 1, 333, 093 6, 150, 912 Other new work data: Unoblig.tted balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $108, 328 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ - 2, 200, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____________________________--__-_ 2, 308, 328 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------------- -------- 3, 247, 000 5. ENID, OKLA. Location. The project is located in Garfield County, Okla., on Boggy Creek, a tributary of Cimarron River, in Arkansas River Basin. Ewisting project. The plan of improvement consists of a diversion channel, levees, and appurtenant structures to direct flows of Boggy Creek around the west and south sides of the city of Enid, Okla., into South Boggy Creek. The estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $1,030,000, and the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $253,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 185, 83d Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local coop eratio Local interests have indicated their willing- ness to comply with all local cooperation requirements. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No funds have been appropriated for this project since its authorization September 3, 1954. There have been no costs to date. 710 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 6. FORT SUPPLY RESERVOIR, NORTH CANADIAN RIVER, OKLA. Location. Fort Supply Reservoir is located on Wolf Creek, a tributary of the North Canadian River, about 12 miles northwest of Woodward, Woodward County, Okla. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Wichita sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of 11,865 feet, rising 85 feet above the stream bed, the reservoir providing for storage of 92,700 acre-feet for flood control and 13,400 acre-feet for a permanent pool for recreation and preservation of wildlife, or a total storage capacity of 106,100 acre-feet. The outlet works, consisting of a semi- elliptical conduit controlled by three 71/2- by 16-foot vertical-lift gates, and a stilling basin, are located in the left abutment. A concrete chute-type spillway, 540 feet long, controlled by a concrete weir at the upstream end, provides for the passage of flood flows around the left end of the dam. The reservoir controls 1,735 square miles, or prac- tically the entire drainage area of Wolf Creek, and is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkan- sas River Basin. The costs were $7,232,649 for construction and $245,000 for lands and damages, a total of $7,477,649. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $69,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. All completed struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition through- out the year, by hired labor. Estimated flood losses prevented by the existence of the project amounted to $80,000 during the fiscal year and receipts from outleasing Government-owned land totaled $2,604. The costs during the fiscal year were $60,442, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is com- plete. Mobilization for construction was started in March 1938. After a construction camp had been built, actual work on the dam was started during October 1938, by contract. Four years later, the proj- ect was placed in operation. However, after the temporary office building had deteriorated, the last item of construction, consisting of erection of a prefabricated steel maintenance building, was completed on March 31, 1952, by hired labor. No additional new work construc- tion is presently scheduled for this project. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1955 amount to $21,745. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary shown below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $7,477,649, of which $7,390,611 was from regular funds and $87,038 was from Emergency Relief funds. The total cost accrued fore main- tenance was $609,670, all from regular funds. FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 711 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ---... -$55, 500 -$2, 275 -$76 - _- __________________ 1 $7, 477, 649 Cost____________ - _ 5, 515 22, 888 -76 ------------------------ 7, 477, 649 Maintenance: Appropriated- ....... 60, 000 55, 371 44, 600 $49, 200 $59, 977 609, 548 Cost.. 55, 562 56, 776 47, 532 50, 799 60, 442 609, 670 1 Includes $87,038 Emergency Relief funds. 7. CANTON RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Canton Reservoir is located on the North Canadian River about 394 miles above its mouth and about 3 miles north of Canton, Blaine County, Okla. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Wichita sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of 15,100 feet, rising 73 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 240,000 acre-feet for flood control, 107,000 acre-feet for conserva- tion of water, and the remaining 43,800 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, or a total storage capacity of 390,800 acre-feet. Of the con- servation storage, 69,000 acre-feet is allocated for future irrigation and 38,000 acre-feet is allocated for future municipal water supply. The outlet works consist of three 7- by 12-foot gated sluices through the spillway weir. A concrete spillway, controlled by sixteen 40- by 25- foot gates on the weir crest, provides for the passage of flood flows around the right end of the dam. The reservoir controls 12,483 square miles, and is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs were $9,607,622 for construction and $719,953 for lands and damages, a total of $10,327,575. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $103,000 (July 1955). Authorizations for the project are listed below: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports Flood Control Act June 28, 1938__ Construction of dam and appurtenant H. Doc. 569, 75th Cong., 3d facilities. sess. Flood Control Act July 24, 1946__ -_ Irrigation storage in the reservoir _-_ In accordance with sec. 8 of Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944. Flood Control Act June 30, 1948__ Water supply storage in the reservoir__ In accordance with sec. 6 of Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All completed structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year by hired labor. A water storage contract was nego- tiated with Oklahoma City, Okla., under which that city will pay the United States Treasury $52,150 annually, beginning June 13, 1955. 712 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Estimated flood losses prevented by the existence of the project amounted to $290,000 during the fiscal year and receipts from out- leasing Government-owned land totaled $2,844. The costs during the fiscal year were $94,942, all for maintenance. Condition at end of the fiscal year. The project as a whole is complete. Actual construction work on the dam was initiated in December 1940, and impoundment was commenced April 15, 1948. Construction of administration and maintenance building, the last item of project construction, was completed in December 1953, by contract. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1955 amount to $60,619. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial statement shown below. The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $10,327,575 for new work and $625,322 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: $81, 000------------..... Appropriated .--..--..... $59,600------------------------ $10,327, 575 ---------------- Cost_ 108, 830 $2, 619 2, 483 $58, 517$------------ 10, 327, 575 Maintenance: Appropriated--.------- 85, 000 76, 347 102, 206 83, 800 $94, 320 625, 473 Cost---------------....... 74, 972 85, 809 91, 213 95, 666 94, 942 625, 322 8. OKLAHOMA CITY FLOODWAY, NORTH CANADIAN RIVER, OKLA. Location. The project is located on the North Canadian River at Oklahoma City, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, Chickasha, Okla., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an enlarged and straightened channel through the city, designed to carry 45,000 cubic feet per second. The improvement will be about 13.4 miles in length, beginning about 1 mile upstream from South May Avenue (river mile 273.7) and extending to the vicinity of Spencer, Okla. (river mile 257.5). The major part of the improvement will be about 13 feet deep and will have a bottom width of 425 feet. The side slopes will be lined with stone. Natural drainage ways will be modified to drain into the canal by the construction of 15 lateral drainage ditches. Excavated material will be placed in old channel and low areas. The estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $10,000,000 and the non- Federal cost is $7,020,000. The project, as authorized by the Flood Control Act of July 24, 1946, was modified by the Flood Control Act, approved May 17, 1950, to provide for construction in accordance with the canal plan de- scribed above. Local cooperation. Local interests advised that the city of Okla- homa City was in process of acquiring rights-of-way for the entire project. Rights of entry have been furnished for all except the ex- treme upper 20 percent of the project. The remaining rights of entry are scheduled to be furnished by December 1955. FLOOD CONTROL---TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 713 Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction was con- tinued on the second segment of the floodway (vicinity of Robinson Avenue to 4th Street) and at the end of the fiscal year this segment was 97 percent complete, by contract. On April 7, 1955, construction was begun on the third segment of the floodway (vicinity of Western Avenue to Robinson Avenue) and continued to 11 ,percent completion by continuing contract. Negotiations, by hired labor, were completed with owners of the railroad facilities requiring alteration or reloca- tion due to construction of the floodway and construction work on the first railroad relocation contract was started January 5, 1955. At the end of the fiscal year all relocation work was 9 percent complete. Estimated flood losses prevented by the completed downstream por- tion of the project (below 15th Street) amounted to $240,000 during the fiscal year. The cost during the fiscal year was $1,451,125, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the first segment (downstream portion) of the floodway is complete, and construction of the second segment (center portion) is essentially complete, and construction of the third segment (upstream portion) is underway. Considering the project as a whole, 38 percent of all required work has been accomplished and the work continues. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $3,479,102, all for new work. Cost and fnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-.- ---$216, $-1. 000 - $796, 000 $1, 500, 000 $1, 650, 000 $4, 330,000 Cost---------------- 40, 369 $8, 249 372, 417 1,388, 408 1, 451, 125 3, 479,102 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $229, 976 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --- 2, 260, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------2, 489, 976 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----------------------------_ 3, 410, 000 9. GREAT SALT PLAINS RESERVOIR, SALT FORK OF ARKANSAS RIVER, OKLA. Location. Great Salt Plains Reservoir is located on the Salt Fork of the Arkansas River 103.3 miles above its mouth, and about 12 miles east of Cherokee, Alfalfa County, Okla. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Wichita sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and spillway 6,010 feet long, rising 72 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 245,300 acre-feet for flood control and 46,700 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, recre- ation, and preservation of wildlife, or a total storage capacity of 292,000 acre-feet. A concrete cascade-type spillway 310 feet wide, containing 3 gravity-type concrete weirs, provides for the passage of 714 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 flood flows around the right end of the dam into the river valley below. The outlet works consist of 4 ungated 10- by 12-foot conduits through the center section of the upper weir. The reservoir controls 3,200 square miles, and is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs were $4,109,831 for construction and $488,800 for lands and damages, a total of $4,598,631. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $62,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the year, by hired labor. Receipts from outleasing of Government-owned lands during the fiscal year amounted to $440. The cost for maintenance during the fiscal year was $47,941. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is com- plete. Mobilization for construction was started in May 1938. After a construction camp had been built, actual construction work on the dam was initiated in September 1938. The project was placed in operation during July 1941. No addi- tional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. Collections from outleasing Government-owned land amount to a total of $4,155 through fiscal year 1955. Such receipts are not in- cluded in the cost and financial summary tabulated below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $4,598,- 631, of which $4,573,887 was from regular funds and $24,744 was from Emergency Relief funds. The total cost of maintenance was $634,406, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ...------ -$39, 052 _ -__--- -$3, 317 ---------------------- 1$4, 598, 631 Cost--------------- 22, 009 $278 14, 598, 631 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... _. 75, 000 38, 599 50, 994 $46, 700 $48, 500 635, 093 Cost---------------- 60, 797 51, 121 49, 070 49, 784 47, 941 634, 406 I Includes $24,744 Emergency Relief funds. 10. KEYSTONE RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER, OKLA. Location. The work covered by this project is located on the main stem of the Arkansas River about 539 miles above its mouth, and about 2 miles downstream from the mouth of the Cimarron River near Keystone, Okla., and about 15 miles west of Tulsa, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Hominy, Okla., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000, Skedee and Yale, Okla., quadrangles, scale 1: 62,500.) FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 715 Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and an integral gate-controlled concrete spillway of a total length of 4,570 feet and rising 121 feet above the stream bed. The dam, which will form a reservoir with a total storage capacity of 1,879,000 acre-feet, includes provision in the structure for future installation of power facilities. Under an initial plan of operation 1,414,000 acre- feet of the storage is allocated for flood control and 465,000 acre-feet is set aside for conservation, water supply, and sedimentation reserve. The reservoir has a drainage area of 74,506 square miles and will be operated as a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The estimated costs (July 1955) are $42,600,000 for construction and $94,400,000 for lands and damages, a total of $137,000,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 107, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Modification of the above plan to include the power aspects of the project authorization for operation of the reservoir as a unit in the multiple-purpose plan for Arkansas River and tributaries could be accomplished by addition of a powerhouse and attendant generating facilities at an increased cost (July 1955) of $15,000,000; however, under present criteria power is not justified at this time. The project would also serve as a unit of the authorized navigation plan for Ar- kansas River by retention of sediment in the reservoir. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of engineer- ing design memoranda was continued, by hired labor. The cost for new work during the fiscal year was $18,703. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies and investiga- tions required prior to initiation of construction contract plans and specifications are essentially complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $647,980. This amount includes the sum of $214,000 expended on the previously authorized Mannford Reservoir, replaced by Keystone Reservoir au- thorized by the 1950 Flood Control Act. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated -------------------....... $150, 000 $161,000 $126, 297 - - $651, 297 Cost $1, 405 77, 966 208. 273 129, 037 $18, 703 647, 980 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ._.-... $2, 875 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 150, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____________________________________ 152, 875 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________________________ 136, 198, 703 716 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 11. POLECAT CREEK, OKLA. (HEYBURN RESERVOIR AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS) Location. Polecat Creek is a minor tributary to the Arkansas River near Sapulpa, Creek County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Nuyaka, Hominy, and Claremore, Okla., quadrangles, scale i:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for flood protection in the Polecat Creek Valley by means of a reservoir at mile 48.6, near Heyburn, Okla., which controls 123 square miles and channel improvements at Sapulpa on Rock Creek, its major tributary, and on Polecat Creek below the mouth of Rock Creek. The Heyburn Dam is an earthfill structure 2,920 feet long and rising 89 feet above the stream bed with the reservoir providing a storage capacity of 49,500 acre-feet for flood control and 10,200 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, recreation and preservation of wildlife, a total of 59,700 acre- feet. Outlet works consist of an uncontrolled circular drop inlet conduit. An uncontrolled saddle spillway, located about 1,000 feet west of the right abutment, provides for the passage of flood flows into the river below. The channel of Rock Creek from mile 4.4 to the mouth has been cleared by removal of debris and about 1.3 miles of this length is deepened. The channel of Polecat Creek is cleared from the mouth of Rock Creek, mile 21.2 to the Arkansas River. The Federal costs were $1,758,900 for construction and $615,200 for lands and damages in the Heyburn Reservoir area, a total of $2,374,100. The estimated non-Federal costs were $113,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $40,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (see H. Doc. No. 290, 80th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps). Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies to the Heyburn Reservoir. Channel improve- ment works have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. All completed structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. Receipts from outleasing of Govern- ment-owned lands during the fiscal year amounted to $2,400. The costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $34,979. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam, by con- tract, was started March 9, 1948, and completed in October 1950. Embankment closure was completed in June 1950, and the pool was filled to conservation level by March 1951. Channel improvements below the reservoir were completed September 24, 1952. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1955 amount to $13,352. Such receipts are not iricluded in the cost and financial statement shown below. The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $2,374,100 for new work and $163,778 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 717 Cost and fnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated......... $225, 000 - -$50, 900 ----------------------- $2,374, 100 Cost---__-------------- 274, 892 $66, 682 28, 169 $507 ------------ 2, 374, 100 Maintenance: Appropriated--- ------ 24, 000 36, 801 30, 400 37, 700 $34, 820 163, 721 Cost---------------................. 21,926 34, 993 34, 164 37, 716 34, 979 163, 778 12. FALL RIVER RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. Fall River Dam is located on the Fall River about 54 miles above its confluence with the Verdigris River and about 4 miles northwest of Fall River, Greenwood County, Kans. (See U. S. Geological'Survey map for Eureka, Kans., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,- 000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of about 6,015 feet and rising 94 feet above the streambed with a reservoir providing for the storage of 236,000 acre-feet for flood control and 27,000 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, sedimentation reserve, recreation, and preservation of wildlife, a total of 263,000 acre-feet. A concrete channel spillway, controlled by eight 50- by 25-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for passage of flood flows into the river valley below. The outlet works consist of seven 5- by 8.5-foot gated sluices through the spillway weir. The reservoir which controls 585 square miles is operated as a unit of the comprehensive reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs were $8,505,261 for construction and $1,949,500 for lands and damages, a total of $10,454,761. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $92,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 440, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All project structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the year, by hired labor. Receipts from outleasing of Government-owned lands during the fiscal year amounted to $22,626. The costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $70,337. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam, by con- tract, was started on May 9, 1946, and embankment closure was com- pleted May 30, 1949. The conservation pool was filled by June 9, 1949, and dedication ceremonies were held September 5, 1949. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this proj- ect. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1954 amount to $165,054. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary shown below. 718 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $10,454,761 for new work and $450,306 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated- ....- -5, 239 ........------------------------ -$262, 500 .....------------ $10, 454, 761 124,877 Cost-----------------... $8,507 -2, 384 -- _----.----------- 10, 454, 761 Maintenance: ---- Appropriated........ 70,000 77, 583 66, 300 $73, 200 $69, 163 451, 246 Cost--- 64. 840 81, 951 66, 839 73, 671 70, 337 450, 306 13. TORONTO RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The Toronto Dam site is located on the Verdigris River about 271.5 miles above its mouth and 4 miles south and east of Toronto, Woodson County, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Fredonia, Kans., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for an earth- fill dam about 4,583 feet long, with a maximum height of 90 feet above the streambed. The spillway and control works will be combined in a concrete structure located near the right abutment of the dam. The reservoir will have a total capacity of 195,000 acre-feet, of which 171,- 000 acre-feet will be for flood control and 24,000 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, sedimentation reserve, recreation, and preservation of fish and wildlife. The reservoir which will control 730 square miles will be operated as a unit of the comprehensive reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River basin. The estimated costs (July 1955) are $10,300,000 for construction and $9,400,000 for lands and damages, a total $19,700,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 440, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Initial construction, consisting of clearing the dam site was started November 23, 1954, and completed in January 1955. The first major construction con- tract, consisting of excavation for the spillway and construction of the first stage embankment, was started January 12, 1955, and con- tinued to 62 percent completion, by continuing contract. Construc- tion of project administration and maintenance building was started May 5, 1955, and continued to 21 percent completion, by continuing contract. Negotiations, by hired labor, were initiated with owners of highways and railroads requiring alteration or relocation due to construction of the reservoir. The cost accrued during the fiscal year was $131,965, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of first phase of the main dam and project buildings are underway, negotiations with FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 719 highway and railroad owners are in progress, and preparation of contract plans and specifications for construction of the second phase of the dam including the spillway are underway. Considering the project as a whole, 4.6 percent of all required work has been accomplished. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $771,961, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work" Appropriated -- $40,000 $122,100 $25,000 -$61, 500 $500,000 $845,600 Cost. - 9 344 169,877 25,012 5,593 431,965 771,961 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - $600 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 2,800, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956__________________________________ 2, 799, 400 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------_ _ 16, 054, 400 14. OOLOGAH RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Oologah Reservoir is located on the Verdigris River 90 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River and about 10 miles northwest of Claremore, Rogers County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Claremore and Nowata, Okla., quadrangles scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- tion of an earthfill dam 4,100 feet long and rising 129 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir would provide for 950,000 acre-feet for flood control storage, 50,600 acre-feet for water supply and 25,000 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, a total of 1,021,000 acre-feet. Two gated concrete conduits will be constructed through the embankment to form the outlet works. An off-channel uncontrolled saddle spillway about 2 miles east of the left abutment would provide for passage of flood- water into the valley below the dam. The reservoir, which will con- trol 4,339 square miles, will be operated as a unit in the comprehen- sive plan of development of the Arkansas River Basin. The estimated costs (July 1955) for the initial development are $10,900,000 for constructoin and $20,500,000 for lands and damages, a total of $31,400,000. The above plan of improvement is adaptable for future modification to include additional storage by construction of a gated spillway, a dike east of the spillway, and additional reservoir clearing. Based on July 1955, estimates, the provision of additional storage would in- crease the cost of the project by $4,710,000. 363037-55-vol. 2- 46 720 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Authorizations for the project are listed below: Acts Work authorized Documents Flood Control Act, June 28, Construction of a flood control res- House of Representatives com- 1938. ervoir. mittee Doc. No. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. River and Harbor Act, July 24, Installation of hydroelectric power H. Doc. No. 758, 79th Cong., 1946.1 facilities. 2d sess. 1 The hydroelectric power features are considered inactive, because under present criteria power is not justified at this time and they are therefore excluded from the present plan of improvement. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. During the last 2 months of the fiscal year, studies pertaining to the mineral situation in reser- voir were conducted under contract with a consultant geologist. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $2,500. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam site area comprising 871 acres has been acquired and an access road to the dam site is com- plete. The project was placed in a standby status during the period October 1951 to May 1955 in view of the intent of the Civil Functions Appropriation Act of 1952. Collections from outleasing Government-owned land total $4,256 through fiscal year 1955. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $394,310. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------- ---------------------- -79, 190 $5, 000 $396, 810 Cost..... ----------------- $90, 812 $2, 720 -$345 ------------ 2, 500 394, 310 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $1, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------------------------------------- 1,000, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----------------------------30. 003. 190 15. HULAH RESERVOIR, CANEY RIVER, OKLA. Location. The Hulah Dam is located on Caney River 96 miles above its confluence with the Verdigris River and is about 15 miles northwest of Bartlesville, near Hulah, Osage County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Pawhuska, Okla., and Sedan, Kans., quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of 5,200 feet rising 94 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 265,000 acre-feet for flood control and 30,000 acre-feet for conserva- tion, sedimentation reserve, recreation, and preservation of wildlife, FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 721 a total of 295,000 acre-feet. A concrete channel spillway, controlled by ten 40- by 25-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for the passage of flood flows over the dam into the river valley below. The reservoir, which controls 732 square miles, is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The estimated costs (July 1955) are $7,909,063 for construction and $2,988,800 for lands and damages, a total of $10,897,863. The esti- mated cost of annual maintenance is $84,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All project structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition. New work accomplished consists of preparation of operation manual and as-built drawing, by hired labor. Estimated flood losses prevented by the existence of the project amounted to $514,000 during the fiscal year and receipts from out- leasing Government-owned land totaled $16,557. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,238 for new work and $65,041 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was constructed under a two-phase program. Construction of the embankment and excavation for the spillway was started May 5, 1946, and completed in August 1947. The second stage, consisting of the embankment closure section and completion of spillway was started April 5, 1948, and completed in June 1950. Impoundment to conservation pool level was attained by September 1951. No additional new work is presently scheduled for this project. However, final costs are outstanding. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fis- cal year 1955 amount to $90,909. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary shown below. The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $10,897,692 for new work and $287,806 for maintenance. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ..---------.. $195, 700 -$222, 839 -$102, 300 $3, 100 -$2, 108 $10, 897, 692 Cost __--_ __----_ 1, 158, 074 157, 690 -43, 489 23, 120 1, 238 10, 897, 692 Maintenance: Appropriated------ .......--- 42, 000 61,584 55, 500 63, 900 65, 040 288, 024 Cost.................. 33, 694 68,089 56,673 64, 309 65, 041 287, 806 16. STRAWN RESERVOIR, GRAND (NEOSHO) RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The Strawn Dam site is located on the Grand (Neosho) River about 358.4 miles above its mouth and 1.5 miles northwest of Strawn, Coffey County, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Burlington and Emporia, Kans., quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) 722 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMVY, 1955 Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of about 11,160 feet, with a maximum height of 78 feet above the stream bed. The constrete structure includes combined control works and spillway having a net width of 600 feet and located in the valley near the left abutment of the dam. The reservoir will have a total capacity of 387,900 acre-feet, of which 320,600 acre-feet will be for flood control and 67,300 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abate- ment, sedimentation reserve, recreation and preservation of fish and wildlife. The reservoir, which will control 2,927 square miles, will be operated as a unit of the reservoir system for flood control in the Grand (Neosho) River Basin. The estimated costs (July 1955) are $15,797,400 for construction and $26,202,600 for lands and damages, a total of $42,000,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 442, 80th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsandresults during fiscal year. None. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Definite design studies preliminary to preparation of construction contract plans and specifications are essentially complete. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year amounts to $265,000, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_ ...... _ -... . - $250, 000 $10, 000 $5 000 - - $265, 000 Cost_ _ _ ___ _ 197, 958 62,042 5, 000 --- _-----_ -- 265,000 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $25, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____________________ 25, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________________________ 41, 710, 000 17. CARTHAGE, MO. Location. The project is located on Spring River, a tributary of the Grand (Neosho) River in the Arkansas River Basin, in the imme- diate vicinity of Carthage, Jasper County, Mo. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Carthage, Mo., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a levee on the northeast side of Carthage, Mo., to prevent flooding from Spring River and Carter Creek. The levee would extend upstream along the south bank of Spring River for a distance of about 1 mile. A grade elevation for the top of levee would be so constructed as to provide a freeboard of 3 feet above the project design flood. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 723 The estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $383,000, and the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $37,700. The existing project was authorized by the 1948 Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. (See H. Doc. 445, 80th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Resolution adopted by levee district No. 1 of Jasper County, Mo., on March 17, 1955, agreeing to meet requirements was accepted as satisfactory by the District Engineer on May 9, 1955. Local interests are in process of acquiring necessary lands and rights- of-way for construction. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Contract plans and specifications have been completed to a point where construction can be initiated when construction funds are appropriated. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $15,686. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .. . .. 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated _ - . -$3, 714 $8, 600 -$3, 500 _ $15, 686 Cost--- _---- _ - --- $6, 966 802 114 4, 986 - - 15, 686 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $367, 000 ----- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________________________ 367, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_________________----- - 314 18. PENSACOLA RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Pensacola Dam is located on the Grand (Neosho) River, 77 miles above its mouth, and adjacent to the town of Disney, Mayes County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Pryor, Wyan- dotte, Vinita, Okla., and Siloam Springs, Ark., quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. During fiscal year 1941 the Grand River Dam Authority, an agency of the State of Oklahoma, under a license dated July 26, 1939, issued by the Federal Power Commission, completed the construction of a reservoir for flood control and hydroelectric power at the Pensacola site in the Arkansas River Basin. The dam is of the concrete, multiple arch type, 6,565 feet long and 147 feet above the stream bed. The existing dam and reservoir provides 1,653,000 acre-feet of storage to top of power pool and 245,000 acre-feet of flood control storage. The flood control storage lies between elevations 745 and 750. However, under the terms of the Federal Power Commission license, the dam and appurtenant structures were constructed to a height which would allow storage of flood waters to elevation 755 (Pensacola datum) when necessary lands or rights-of-way were ac- quired by the Federal Government. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, modified the gen- 724 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 eral comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes for the Arkansas River Basin to include the Pensacola, Markham Ferry, and Fort Gibson Reservoirs in the Grand (Neosho) River Basin in Okla- homa and Missouri, in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 107, 76th Congress, 1st session. The improvements recommended in that document included a reservoir for flood control at the Pensacola site which provided for 960,000 acre-feet of flood control storage. The existing project which controls 10,298 square miles now pro- vides for making available 278,000 acre-feet of flood control storage between elevations 750 and 755 in addition to the storage provided in the project as constructed by the Grand River Dam Authority. Flow- age easements for certain portions of the necessary lands have been acquired by the Federal Government through the Southwestern Power Administration, Department of the Interior, and the Federal Works Agency. The estimated cost (July 1955) for acquisition of additional flowage easements necessary for operation of the reservoir to eleva- tion 755 is $1,710,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $10,000 (July 1955). Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Conitrol Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationand results during fiscal year. Flood control storage in the project was operated by the Grand River Dam Authority (an agency of the State of Oklahoma) under the direction of the Corps of Engineers. The Grand River Dam Authority was reimbursed for their expense in connection with maintaining and operating local protection works at Wyandotte, Okla. The cost during the fiscal year was $9,561. Condition at end of fiscal year. Real estate planning studies neces- sary prior to completion of the land acquisition program, initiated by other agencies, are essentially complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $52,126 for new work and $17,429 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951" 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ... ........--------- ..----------.... -$2, 261- ...... -..-............ ............ $52, 126 Cost__----------------- $75 33 ------------------ ------....................------------ 52, 126 Maintenance: Appropriated......... ------- 3, 200 1,000 $2, 000 $1, 700 $9, 740 17, 640 Cost----------------- 2, 797 626 2,221 2, 224 9, 561 17, 429 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_----- $1, 657, 874 19. MARKHAM FERRY RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Markham Ferry Reservoir is located in Mayes and Craig Counties, Okla., with the dam site on the Grand (Neosho) River about eight miles southeast of the City of Pryor, Mayes County, Okla. FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 725 (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Pryor and Vinita (Okla.) quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. Construction of the Markham Ferry project by the Grand River Dam Authority, an agency of the State of Oklahoma, was authorized by Public Law 476, 83d Congress, 2d session, approved July 6, 1954. On June 22, 1955, the Federal Power Commission adopt- ed an order issuing a license to the Grand River Dam Authority for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the reservoir for flood control and hydroelectric power at the Markham Ferry site. The project consists of a dam about 88 feet high composed of an earth em- bankment section, a spillway section, a powerhouse and intake section, and 2 gravity nonoverflow sections, creating a reservoir with top pool elevations for power and flood control at elevations 617 feet and 634 feet above mean sea level. The reservoir provides 187,000 acre-feet of storage for generation of power and 233,000 acre-feet of flood control storage, a total of 420,000 acre-feet. The flood control storage in the reservoir, which will control 11,535 square miles, will be operated as a unit of the three-reservoir system on the lower Grand (Neosho) River and as a unit in the comprehensive plan in the Arkansas River Basin in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 107, 76th Congress, 1st session. The estimated cost (July 1955) is $6,500,000 for Federal participa- tion and $406,000 for Government cost, a total of $6,906,000. Local cooperation. Not applicable. Operations and results durnng fiscal. year. On June 22, 1955, the Federal Power Commission adopted an order issuing a license to the Grand River Dam Authority for construction of Markham Ferry Dam. By hired labor, the Tulsa district aided that agency in prepa- ration of their application for license and review of tentative construc- tion drawings submitted with the application. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,524, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Basic hydrologic data and site in- vestigations, developed under authorization provided by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, have been made available to the Grand River Dam Authority. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $308,148. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto1951 New work: Appropriated-- ..... - --....---- - -$241, 833 $2, 000 _ $100, 000 $405, 623 Cost .... - ---- _-----_890 16,920 - - 2, 524 308,148 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------- $97, 476 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ 16, 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ _--______ ______------------ 6, 397, 476 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------------------- 4, 377 1Excludes presently owned Federal land valued at $196,000 which will be contributed to the project. 726 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 20. FORT GIBSDN RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Fort Gibson Dam is located on the Grand (Neosho) River, 7.7 miles above its mouth, and about 5 miles north and east of Fort Gibson, Muskogee County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Muskogee and Pryor, Okla., quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a concrete gravity-type dam, 2,990 feet long at the top, rising 110 feet above the streambed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 922,000 acre- feet for flood control and 365,000 acre-feet for storage to top of power pool, a total of 1,287,000 acre-feet. The project includes a powerhouse structure, a gate-controlled spillway, and two nonoverflow abutment sections. The powerhouse structure is located on the left bank of the existing river channel with the spillway structure extending across the river channel and a major portion of the right bank flood plain. The reservoir, which controls 12,492 square miles, will be operated as a unit of the 3-reservoir system on the lower Grand (Neosho) River, and as 1 unit in the comprehensive plan for the Arkansas River Basin. The hydroelectric development consists of 4 units having an installed capacity of 45,000 kilowatts. The ultimate planned is for 6 units with a total of 67,500 kilowatts. The estimated costs (July 1955) are $28,924,000 for construction and $12,476,000 for lands and damages, a total of $41,400,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $340,000 (July 1955). The War Department Civil Appropriation Act, 1947 (Public Law 374, 79th Cong.), approved May 2, 1946, provided that in the construc- tion of the Fort Gibson flood control project in Oklahoma, the Chief of Engineers is authorized and directed to cooperate with the officials of the city of Muskogee in protecting the domestic water supply of such city. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 107, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. All completed struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition through- out the fiscal year, by hired labor. In general, the new work accomplished consisted of construction of a stop-log structure for the power intake works, mechanical adjustments to power-generating equipment, and completion of administrative facilities, all by contract. In accordance with Public Law 663, 83d Congress, 2d session, as ap- proved August 26, 1954, the sum of $200,000 was contributed to the city of Muskogee, toward the construction of a waterline from the existing intake on Grand River to Fort Gibson Dam, in settlement for all damages to the water supply of the city of Muskogee, on account of the construction and operation of the Fort Gibson Reservoir. A total of 70,699,500 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was de- livered during the fiscal year to the Southwestern Power Administra- tion for marketing. In addition, receipts from outleasing Govern- ment-owned land amounted to $78,516. FLOOD CONTROL---TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 727 The costs during the fiscal year were $348,054 for new work and $312,479 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Initial project construction began in March 1942 with the construction of temporary field office buildings, but further construction at the project was held in abeyance during World War II. Construction of the concrete dam and spillway, the largest single feature of the project, started by contract on May 22, 1946, was completed in June 1950, at a total cost of $17,058,525. Impoundment of the power pool was completed in March 1953, and dedication ceremonies were held June 6, 1953. All four power gen- erating units have been installed and tested. Starting dates for commercial power generation were as follows: Unit No. 1-March 30, 1953; Unit No. 2--March 31, 1953; Unit No. 3-May 29,1953; and Unit No. 4-September 2, 1953. Parts of the highway relocation work were constructed in accordance with the desires of the Oklahoma Highway Department, utilizing their specifications and the State of Oklahoma contributed $34,340 for fiscal year 1950, and $80,934 during fiscal year 1951, to defray the extra expense incurred by the Government in construction of improved facilities. The work required to complete the project consists of additional public-use facilities, access road and construction of a levee to protect the Oklahoma Ordnance Works from the backwater effects of the reservoir. The total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1955 amount to $530,426. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary tabulated below. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $42,303,259 of which $41,051,469 was from regular new work funds, and $1,136,516 was from regular maintenance funds, and $115,274 was from special funds contributed for betterments. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated- ....... $4, 946, 500 $2, 400, 000 -$103, 000 ---_,_ , , $200, 000 1 $41, 196, 500 -- Cost_ .....- --... 5, 574, 800 3, 783, 523 4, 362, 008 $473, 094 348, 054 1 41, 051, 469 Maintenance: Appropriated- .-... 133, 500 157, 210 177, 006 302, 200 309, 640 1, 137, 556 Cost_____- ____--- -- 135, 365 155,706 181,142 298,448 312,479 1,136,516 1 Does not include $115,274 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ____- $128, 819 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___________________________________ 128, 819 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_______________________________ 203, 500 728 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 21. TENKILLER FERRY RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Tenkiller Ferry Dam is located on the Illinois River 13 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River, and about 7 miles northwest of Vian, and 7 miles northeast of Gore, Sequoyah County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Muskogee, Okla., and Tahlequah, Okla., and Ark., quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam 3,000 feet long and rising 197 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir which controls 1,610 square miles provides for the storage of 600,000 acre-feet for flood control and 630,000 acre-feet of storage to the top of power pool or total gross capacity of 1,230,000 acre-feet. A gated concrete spillway is provided at a saddle in the right abutment and a 19-foot diameter gated conduit through the ridge forms the outlet works. A second 19-foot gated conduit, adjacent to the outlet conduit, forms a power penstock. A dike 1,350 feet long with a maxi- mum height of 25 feet extends along the saddle ridge between the dam and spillway. The hydroelectric development consists of 2 units with an installed capacity of 34,000 kilowatts. The estimated costs for the project (July 1955) are $19,242,600 for construction and $2,897,400 for lands and damages, a total of $22,140,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $235,000 (July 1955). Authorizations for the project are listed below: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports Flood Control Act, June 28,1938_ Construction of a flood control reser- House of Representatives voir. Committee Doc. No. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. River and Harbor Act, July 24, Installation of hydroelectric power House Doc. No. 758, 79th 1946. facilities. Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. All completed structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. In general, the new work accomplished consisted of mechanical adjustments, completion of construction on- quarters for operating personnel, by contract, and completion of access road and boat dock, by hired labor. Receipts from outleasing Government-owned land amounted to $20,284 during the fiscal year.. A total of 54,567,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was deliv- ered during the fiscal year to the Southwestern Power Administration for marketing. The costs during the fiscal year were $114,562 for new work and $172,684 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Initial construction, consisting of access roads, clearing dam site, and first stage embankment construc- tion, was started June 17, 1947. Construction of the second stage embankment was started March 14, 1950, and completed in May 19529 while construction of the spillway, outlet and diversion tunnels, gate tower and access road to the powerhouse, was started February 9, FLOOD CONTROL---TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 729 1949, and completed in July 1951. Impoundment of the power pool was commenced July 1, 1952, and commercial sale of power from Unit No. 2 started November 16, 1953, and from Unit No. 1 on Decem- -ber 3, 1953. The work required to complete the project consists of additional public-use facilities and final installation of small miscel- laneous items of operating equipment. A bridge requiring reloca- tion was constructed in accordance with the desires of the Cherokee County highway commissioners, utilizing their specifications. Chero- kee County contributed $946 during fiscal year 1952 to defray the extra expense incurred by the Government in constructing the improved facilities. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1955 amount to $41,508. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary shown below. Total cost accrued to the end of the fiscal year was $22,560,613, of which $22,092,008 was from new work funds, $467,659 from mainte- nance funds, and $946 from special funds contributed for betterments. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-....... $5, 065, 000 $3, 500, 000 $2, 115, 000 $191, 700 -$154, 900 1$22, 140. 005 Cost---....------------ 4, 826, 268 4, 208, 569 3, 518, 689 329, 329 114, 562 1 22, 092, 008 Maintenance: Appropriated -------------------- 47, 800 73, 994 173, 900 170, 720 466, 414 Cost........-----------------.. .... 41, 366 79, 209 174, 400 172, 684 467, 659 1 Does not include $946 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_----------- $44, 816 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____________ _______--------- --------- 44, 816 22. EUFAULA RESERVOIR, CANADIAN RIVER, OKLA. Location. The Eufaula Dam site is located on the Canadian River, 27 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River and about 12 miles east of Eufaula, McIntosh County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Okmulgee, Canadian, McAlester, and San Bois (Okla.) quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for flood control, hydroelectric power, and sediment control on the Canadian River as a part of the multiple-purpose plan for development of the Arkansas River Basin. The concrete and earthfill dam will be 3,180 feet long and rise 112 feet above the stream bed, and the reservoir will have a storage capacity of 1,428,000 acre-feet for flood control, 1,379,- 000 acre-feet for the generation of power, and will provide a perma- nent pool of 897,000 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, recreation, and preservation of wildlife, a total of 3,704,000 acre-feet. A concrete channel spillway, controlled by twelve 40- by 32-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for the passage of flood flows into the valley below. The powerhouse structure, which will be located near the left side of 730 REPORT OF THE CHIIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 existing river channel, will be connected to the left abutment by a short earthfill embankment, and to the right abutment by the spillway, a short nonoverflow section and the earthfill embankment. The reser- voir will be operated as a unit of the comprehensive system for im- provement of the Arkansas River Basin for flood control, navigation, hydroelectric power, and other purposes. The estimated costs (July 1955) are $68,800,000 for construction and $84,200,000 for lands and damages, a total of $153,000,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. There were no costs during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies and site in- vestigations preliminary to preparation of contract plans and specifi- cations are essentially complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $950,101. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- . - $50, 000 -$149, 899 --------- ----- -------- $950, 101 Cost__ ___- _- 15, 636 1, 545 ----------- ------- -- - ---- 950,101 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ $450, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________________ ______________________ 450, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------ 151, 599, 899 23. WISTER RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Wister Dam is located on the Poteau River about 61 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River and about 2 miles south of Wister, Le Flore County, Okla. (See U. S. Geologi- cal Survey map for Winding Stair, Okla., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam about 5,700 feet long and rising 99 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir storage of 400,000 acre-feet for flood control and 30,000 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, recreation, and preservation of wildlife, a total of 430,000 acre-feet. An uncontrolled concrete spill- way located in a ridge in the right abutment provides for passage of flood flows into the valley below the dam. The outlet works consist of two 15.8 by 14-foot elliptical gated conduits near the present channel. A dike about 2,400 feet long and 40 feet in maximum height is provided in the right abutment. The reservoir, which controls 993 FLOOD CONTROL---TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 731 square miles, is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs (July 1955) were $7,587,700 for construction and $2,840,- 300 for lands and damages, a total of $10,428,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $92,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was oper- ated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. Estimated flood losses prevented by the exist- ence of the project amounted to $225,000 during the fiscal year and receipts from outleasing Government-owned land totaled $5,659. The cost for maintenance during the fiscal year was $79,478. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete and is in operation. Construction of the embankment, spillway, and outlet works was started April 10, 1946; embankment closure operations were started June 18, 1948, and completed in May 1949. However, initial storage operations were not begun until October 1949, inasmuch as the land acquisition and relocation programs were not far enough ad- vanced to permit storage prior to that date. Dedication ceremonies were held June 16, 1951. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1955 amount to $37,738. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary shown below. The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $10,428,000 for new work and $502,985 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated . - ... _ $92, 000 -$60, 321 -$2, 000 $19, 000 -$19, 000 $10, 428, 000 Cost_____ __ ____ 269,823 -2, 281 659 1,014 . .. 10, 428, 000 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 83, 800 77, 290 78, 100 80, 900 84, 000 511, 190 Cost ...-----------------. 77, 885 80, 867 72, 955 82, 050 79, 478 502, 985 24. ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, TULSA DISTRICT Location. These improvements are located on the Arkansas River and tributary streams in the States of Kansas and Oklahoma. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin was adopted by Congress in 1938. The original authorization of $21 million has been modified by subsequent additions and revisions to the plan and the present basin authorization is $283,573,000. 732 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The reservoirs included in the comprehensive plan within the Tulsa district are shown in the following tabulation : Estimated cost 1 Reservoir River Construction Land Relocations Total Canton 2-.............. North Canadian... $9, 607, 575 $645, 200 $74, 800 $10, 327, 575, Keystone ------------- Arkansas -----.... _ 10, 900, 000 8, 292, 000 12, 208, 000 31,400, 000 Toronto 2 .-.......... Verdigris __----- -- 10, 300, 000 2, 287, 000 7, 113,000 19, 700. 000 Fall River 2---......... Fall River____----... 8, 505, 261 1, 687, 100 262, 400 10, 454, 761 Oologah 2 Verdigris ...... . 42, 600, 000 10, 794, 000 83, 606, 000 137, 000, 000 Tenkiller Ferry 2_....... Illinois---....---------....... 19, 242, 600 1,429, 400 1, 468, 000 22, 140, 000 Wister 2_________ Poteau----------- 7, 587, 700 1, 133, 700 1, 706, 600 10, 428, 000 Neodesha 3__------------ Verdigris....----- ---__---------- ------ ---- -__ (4) Elk City (Table Elk- _.----------_ 12,111, 700 2, 334, 000 7, 654, 300 22,100, 000 Mound) .3 Pensacola 2---........... Grand (Neosho)----- ....------.....-------- ----....... ----.............. 1, 710, 000 Markham Ferry 2--.... .... do-..-- - I---. - ----- 6, 906, 000 Fort Gibson 2- .do---... ______-- 28, 924, 000 3, 441, 700 9, 034, 300 41, 400, 000 Eufaula 2---....-..........- Canadian _-------- 1 68, 800, 000 12, 340, 000 71, 860, 000 153, 000, 000 1 Estimate include costs for reservoir management and public use facilities. 2 See individual report for details of this project. 3 See table for "Other authorized flood control projects." 4 This project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this proj- ect was last revised in July 1954, and was estimated to be $18,100,000. 5 Federal Power Commission has issued a license to the Grand River Dam Authority, an agency of the State of Oklahoma, for construction of this project. The estimate shown is for Federal participating costs only. Operations and results during fiscal year. The completed projects (Canton, Fall River and Wister) and the essentially completed proj- ects (Tenkiller Ferry and Fort Gibson) were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition. Construction was started on the Toronto Reservoir and detailed planning studies were continued on the Key- stone Reservoir. See individual reports for details on these projects. Condition at end of fiscal year. The basinwide plan as a whole is 22 percent complete and 7 of the 13 authorized projects are now in operation. Construction of an additional project is underway while construction on the two largest projects in the basin (Keystone and Eufaula) has not been started. However, engineering studies on these two large projects are advanced to a point where construction could be started shortly after construction funds are appropriated. Authorization for the comprehensive plan are listed below: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports H. Doc. 569, 75th Cong., 3d Canton- - - - -- _ sess. Flood Control Act, June 28, 1938 Oologah, Tenkiller Ferry, and Wister Flood Control Committee Reservoirs. Doc. No. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Markham Ferry, Fort Gibson, Pensacola, . Doc. No. 107, 76th Cong., Flood Control Act, Aug. 18, 194 _ 1st sess. FFall River, Elk City, Toronto, and H Doc. No. 440, 76th Cong., Neodesha Reservoirs. 1st sess. River and Harbor Act, July 24, Eufaula Reservoir ..---------------- . Doec. No. 758, 79th Cong., 1946. 2d sess. Flood Control Act, May 17, 1950_ Keystone Reservoir-_...-------------- S. Doc. No. 107, 81st Cong., 1st sess. FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 733 25. DENISON DAM (LAKE TEXOMA), RED RIVER, TEX. AND OKLA. Location. The Denison Dam is located on Red River, 726 miles above the mouth of the river and 5 miles northwest of Denison, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Denison, Tex., and Tisho- mingo, Okla., quadrangles; scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a rolled earthfill dam 15,200 feet long, rising 165 feet above the streambed with the reservoir providing a total storage capacity of 5,719,000 acre- feet, of which 2,713,000 are for flood control with 21,300 acre-feet of this amount being used jointly for flood control. power, and water supply, 1,783,000 are for power drawdown and the remainder, 1,223,000 acre-feet, is inactive storage or power head. The outlet works, con- sisting of a gate-control house and 8 conduits, each 20 feet in diameter, and the powerhouse, are located on the right abutment. A chute-type spillway 2,000 feet wide located in a saddle on the right bank will dis- charge flood flows through a creek to a point 1 mile below the dam. The plan of improvement also provides for the diversion of the Washita River and the construction of levees to protect the Cumber- land oil field from inundation, which levees have a length of 23,480 feet. A dike is provided across a saddle near Platter, Okla., on the left bank of Washita River, which has a length of 5,870 feet. The project, which controls 39,719 square miles, provides for flood pro- tection to lands in Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana, the generation of power, improvement of navigation, regulation of the flow of the Red River, and for other beneficial uses. The hydroelec- tric development consists of 2 units having an installed capacity of 70,000 kw. The ultimate installation planned is for 5 units with a total of 175,000 kw. The estimated costs (based upon installation of 3 power generating units) (July 1955) are $47,561,000 for construction and $18,299,000 for lands and damages, a total of $65,790,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $435,000 (July 1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and amended by section 4, Public Law 868, 76th Congress, 3d session, approved October 17, 1940. (See H. Doc. 541, 75th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The congressional act, Public Law 454, 78th Congress, chapter 456, 2d session, approved September 30, 1944, provided that from and after the enactment of that act the lake formed by the impounding of waters of the Red River by Denison Dam, shall be known and designated on the public records as Lake Texoma. The Congressional act, Public Law 273, 83d Congress, chapter 487, 1st session, approved August 14, 1953, further modified the project by authorizing the making of a contract with the city of Denison, Texas, for storage for a regulated water supply. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. In accordance with authority in Public Law 273, 83d Congress, 2d session, a water conservation contract has been negotiated with the city of Denison, effective October 5, 1953, wherein 21,300 acre-feet of storage are made available to that city at an annual cost of $13,800. 734 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operationsand results during fiscal year. All completed structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. Work was continued, by contract, on procurement and installation of additional communication facilities; namely, load control and telemetering equipment and carrier current equipment. Repair work, by hired labor, was performed on the outlet control gates. Receipts from outleasing Government-owned land during the fiscal year amount to $123,518. A total of 140,151,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was delivered during the fiscal year to the South- western Power Administration for marketing. The cost during the fiscal year was $18,175 for new work and $390,820 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in August 1939. Storage of water for power generation was be- gun January 7, 1944, and power from the first installed unit was avail- able for sale on March 9, 1945. The second power unit was placed in operation on September 18, 1949. The project as authorized pro- vides for ultimate installation of five power units. With the excep- tion of construction required to install future power generating units, the project is essentially complete. The total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1955 amount to $869,731. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary shown below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $60,- 090,499 and the total cost of maintenance was $4,143,896. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated - ------- $208, 000 $400, 000 -$5, 000 $8, 300 -$7, 289 $60, 098, 000 Cost__ ______ 411, 478 138, 362 343, 301 10, 671 18, 175 60, 090, 499 Maintenance: Appropriated ......... 492, 000 463, 334 387, 000 421, 000 397, 940 4, 158, 506 Cost - -, 465, 592 467, 600 373, 355 437, 788 390, 820 4, 143, 896 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - -- - $7, 501 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ _ ----- 7, 501 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 5, 692, 000 26. RED RIVER BELOW DENISON DAM, TULSA DISTRICT Location. The work covered by this project is located on the Red River and its tributaries below Denison Dam, in Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, approved the general plan for flood control on Red River below Deni- son Dam, which provides for the construction of six flood control reservoirs in combination with existing or authorized Federal and FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 735 non-Federal levee improvements, modified as required, and channel stabilization at locations where levee setbacks are impossible or un- economical. This act further authorized the incorporation of the several separate existing projects for flood control along the Red River below Denison, above the jurisdiction of the Mississippi River Commission, into this project. The total estimated cost to the United States in the Tulsa district (July 1955) is $88,822,105 for construction and lands and damages. The project was authorized substantially in accordance with House Document No. 602, 79th Congress, 2d ses- sion, which contains the latest published map. The reservoirs and bank stabilization included in the general flood control plan for the Red River below Denison Dam within the limits of the Tulsa district are reported on as noted in the following table: Dis- Height Drain- Reser- Estimated cost (July 1955) tance of dam age voir Name Nearest city above and area capacity mouth tanpe (sq. mi) (acre- feet) Construc- tion Land and damages Total Boswell 2 Reser- Boswell, Okla__ 18.9 495 2, 273 1,130, 000 $17,154,000 $3,446,000 $20,600,000 voir. HIugo Reservoir __ Hugo, Okla.. 20. 7 489 1, 706 850, 000 15, 900, 000 2, 310,000 18, 200, 000 Millwood1 Reser- Millwood, Ark.. 16. 0 497 4, 144 2, 260,000 25, 398, 000 24, 402, 000 49, 800, 000 voir. Bank stabiliza- Index, Ark..... 485.3 ..... ---......... ....................... 222,105 tion.a 1 Details are presented in individual report. 2 See other flood control projects. 3 For last full report see Annual Report 1953. 4 Earthfill dam. 27. MILLWOOD RESERVOIR, LITTLE RIVER, ARK. Location. The Millwood Dam site is located on the Little River, 16 miles above its mouth, and about 10 miles northwest of Fulton, Hempstead County, Ark. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Shreve- port sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- tion of an earthfill dam and concrete structure 18,900 feet long and rising about 97 feet above the streambed, with reservoir storage of 2,208,000 acre-feet for flood control and 52,000 acre-feet for sedimen- tation reserve, recreation, and preservation of wildlife. A concrete channel spillway, controlled by twelve 40- by 30-foot gates on the weir crest, will provide for the passage of flood flows into the valley below. The reservoir which will control 4,144 square miles will be operated as a unit of a reservoir system for flood control in the Red River Basin. The estimated costs (July 1955) are $25,398,000 for construction and $24,402,000 for lands and damages, a total of $49,800,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, ap- proved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. No. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. 363037-55-vol. 2- 47 736 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Economic studies in connection with the project site selection report were continued by hired labor. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,517. Condition at end of fiscal year. Project is in preliminary planning stage with studies and design required prior to actual initiation of construction about 39 percent complete. The total cost and expenditures to the end of the fiscal year amount to $198,330, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------......... $50, 000 -$55, 170 ............ $2, 000 $1, 500 $198, 330 Cost.........------------------ 94, 084 6, 549 $287 1, 983 1, 517 198, 330 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_--------_ -- $49, 601, 670 28. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated see Annual Operation amount required to Name of project Report Construction and main- complete tenance ARWANSAS RIVER, MAIN STEM AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES 1. Big Slough to Belle Plaine, Kans.1 2.......... 3 1937 4 $6, 490, 000 2. Augusta, Kans___ .--.-- . ----------- 3 1938 (5) 3. W infield, Kans....................--. 1 - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 1937 4. Kaw, Okla. - 1953 $34,284 4 236, 716 5. Jenks, Okla _---------------------- 1950 344, 797 (s) 6. Tulsa and West Tulsa, Okla ................. 1954 2, 785,070 NORTH CANADIAN RIVER 7. Optima Reservoir, Okla 7-_ _........ ......... 1952 168,068 1_............ 4 22, 681, 932 (RAND (NEOSHO) RIVER 8. Monett, Mo.1 s- 1948 -------------- 4757, 000 9. Florence, Kans. 9---------------------------- 3 1937 -------------- 4 66, 000 10. Iola, Kans ... __..... ........ 0 ........... 81939 22,290 (6) 11. Council Grove Reservoir,0 Kans. ......... _ 1952 -------------- 1111, 400, 000 12. Marion Reservoir, Kans.o_----- --- __-.- 1952 -------------- 11 6, 270, 000 13. Cedar Point Reservoir, Kans.°lo___--_ 1952 -------------- 115, 320, 000 VERDI(RIS RIVER 14. Verdigris River from mouth to Madison, Kans. 12 13.............................. 81938 4913, 000 15. West of Fredonia, Wilson County, Kans.' 2 -- 81937 4 741, 000 16. West of Benedict, Wilson County, Kans 1 2--- 1937 4 765, 000 17. West of1 Elk City, Montgomery County, Kans. 2 31937 4 319, 000 18. Caney Creek, Washington County, Okla., and Chautauqua 1 and Montgomery Coun- ties, Kans. 2 7 3 1937 4 616,000 19. Neodesha Reservoir, Kans. .............. 1952 97,910 -----------..... 18, 002, 090 20. Elk City (Table Mound) Reservoir, Kans.10_. 1952 1122,010,107 , 89. 893 .....------....... See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROLr--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 737 For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report amounted Name of project see Annual Operation required to Reort Construction and main- complete tenance SALT FORK OF ARKANSAS RIVER 1 21. Blackwell, Okla. s . - _ .-- s 1937 ..-------------------------- $197, 000 NORTH FORK OF RED RIVER 22. Lugert (Altus) Reservoir, north fork of Red River, Okla.--------------------------- 1942 $1, 130, 000 -------------- (14) RED RIVER 1 23. Boswell Reservoir, Boggy Creek, Okla.o..... 1952 128, 786 -...--..... 1 $20, 471, 214 24. Hugo Reservoir, Kiamichi River, Okla.Io _... 1952 60, 000 ------------- 1118,140, 000 OTHER 25. Snagging and clearing under authority of Flood Control Act, approved July 24, 1946.. 1952 21, 490 -.....-..-... -(6) 26. Emergency bank protection work under authority of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved Dec. 22, 1944--.--------------------- 1950 53,996 .............. (6) 27. Emergency bank protection work under authority of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved July 24, 1946--------------------- 1953 188, 523 .............. 6) 28. Emergency flood control work under author- ity of Public Laws Nos. 138 and 318, 78th Cong., Public Law No. 75, 79th Cong., and Public Laws Nos. 102 and 858, 80th Cong.__ 1953 -------------- $1,671,753 (6) 29. Emergency flood control work under author- ity of Public Law 371, approved June 4, 1952_ 1953 .....-..-..... 5, 519 (6) 1 Inactive, awaiting local cooperation. 2 In conformance with provisions of the 1941 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on Apr. 18 1952, that authorization for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 8 In 1937 the projects were reported by the Memphis district; in 1938 and 1939 by the Little Rock district. 4 Estimate of July 1954. 6 Completed by Kansas Works Progress Administration. 6 Complete. 7 To be restudied. 6 In conformance with provisions of the 1948 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on Nov. 7, 1952, that authority for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 9 In conformance with provisions of the 1948 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on Feb. 5, 1954, that authority for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. ioAwaiting appropriation of funds. 11Estimate of July 1955. 12In conformance with provisions of the 1944 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on Apr. 24, 1952, that authorization for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 13Some work on this project was done by Wilson County (Kans.) Civil Works Administration in 1933 and 1934. 14Project was constructed by U. S. Bureau of Reclamation for irrigation. Participation by Department of Army was for financing flood control portion of project, and this participation has been completed. 29. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS The costs under this heading are incurred during semiannual inspections conducted to see if local interests are complying with existing regulations and requirements in maintaining and operating projects constructed with Federal funds and transferred to them. Inspections conducted during the fiscal year indicate that existing agreements and regulations are being complied with at the following projects : (1) Tulsa-West Tulsa Levee, Okla.; (2) Jenks levee, Okla.; (3) Polecat Creek channel improvement, Okla.; (4) Iola levee, Kans.; and completed portions of the (5) Hutchinson, Kans, and (6) Wichita 2d Valley Center, Kans. 738 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The cost of work under this heading during fiscal year 1955 was $1,321. Cost and flnanciaZ summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priort 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------....... $2, 000 $1, 020 $300 $600 $1, 500 $5, 420 Cost........------------------ 1, 487 959 517 932 1, 321 5, 216 30. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATIONS Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 21 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Under this heading the cost of all work accomplished during the fiscal year amounted to $1,005. This work consisted of collection of basic survey and engineering data for the locality known as Squaw Creek and East Cache Creek at Lawton, Oklahoma. At the end of the fiscal year there remained an unobligated balance of $3,954 from funds allotted to this study. This unobligated balance will be used, as may be needed, during the succeeding fiscal year for continuation of engineering studies. Flood control emergencies-repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). Under this heading the cost of all work accomplished during the fiscal year amounted to $13,209. This work consisted of needed levee repairs at 13 separate locations, of which 1 levee repair was in Kansas, 1 was in Arkansas, and 11 levee repairs were in Oklahoma. Repairs to Beaver Creek levee district No. 1, in Cotton and Stephens Counties, Okla., was the largest levee repair effected during fiscal year 1955. This levee repair cost $6,001. Hired labor operations performed under this heading consisted of practice exercise on flood fighting and preparation of flood emergency manual which cost $1,326, all other operations were performed by contract. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 4951 New work: Appropriated--------- ---.... ------------ ------------ ------------ $5, 000 $5, 000 Cost------------------------------- ------------ 1,005 1, 005 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... $19, 582 $54, 929 $53, 372 $14,021 55, 764 638,666 Cost------------------ 11, 875 3, 139 106, 599 27, 303 13, 209 596,086 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------ - - $3, 954 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------- -__3, 954 FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 739 31. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS The work accomplished under this heading consists of operating activities necessary in the basin wide coordination of functional scheduling of releases from reservoirs operated by other agencies. Hired labor costs during the fiscal year were $1,300, all from main- tenance funds. Estimated additional funds which can be profitably applied to continued scheduling and coordination activities during the succeeding fiscal year amount to $6,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated---. ------------------------------------ $1, 500 $1, 000 $2, 500 Cost-----------.... ------------------------------------ 1, 197 1, 300 2,497 32. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Under this heading the cost of engineering studies was $206,690 during the fiscal year and at the end of the fiscal year there was an unexpended balance of $9,996. This balance will be applied as follows: $7,465 will be used in payment of outstanding accounts payable; the remainder, $2,531, will be used to finance expenses incurred in con- tinuation of engineering studies and investigations in connection with reports assigned to this office. An additional sum of $28,100 could be profitably expended during the succeeding fiscal year under this heading. 33. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The sum of $5,031 was expended during fiscal year 1955 for work under this heading. Thees costs were applied as follows: $1,499 was for observing and compiling data on stream flow, and $3,532 was for hydrologic studies including analysis of basic data required for keep- ing up-to-date information essential to properly evaluate the con- tinuing and recurring water resource development program. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southwestern Iowa; northwest- ern, central, and western Missouri; northern Kansas; southern Nebraska; and a portion of northeastern Colorado embraced in the drainage basin of the Missouri River and tributaries from Rule, Nebr., to the mouth. The report on the navigation project for the section of the Missouri River from Kansas City, Mo., to Rule, Nebr., is in- cluded in report upon improvement of rivers and harbors in Omaha, Nebr., district. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1.Missouri River, Kansas City 8. Kanopolis Reservoir, Mis- to Rulo__ 741 souri River Basin, Kans__ 760 2. Missouri River, Kansas City 9. Tuttle Creek Reservoir, Mis- to mouth------------- 741 souri River Basin, Kans__ 762 3. Other authorized navigation 10. Topeka, Kansas River, Kans_ 763 projects _ 745 11. Chariton River, Mo ...... 765 12. Pomme de Terre Reservoir, Flood control Missouri River Basin, Mo. 766 13. Other authorized flood con- 4. Missouri River Basin, Kan- trol projects____________ 767 sas City district-___ 745 14. Inspection of completed pro- 5. Missouri River agricultural jects- 768 levees, Sioux City, Ia., to 15. Flood control work under mouth_ 747 special authorization .... 768 6. Kansas Citys, on Missouri and Kansas Rivers, Mo. General investigations and Kans_ 750 7. Harlan County Reservoir, 16. Examinations and surveys _ 769 Missouri River Basin, 17. Collection and study of basic Nebr- - - 758 data---------------- 769 1. MISSOURI RIVER, KANSAS CITY TO RULO See report on Missouri River, Kansas City to Sioux City, page 772. 2. MISSOURI RIVER, KANSAS CITY TO THE MOUTH Location. The Jefferson, Madison, and Gallatin Rivers conjoin at Three Forks, Mont., to form the Missouri River, which flows south- easterly 2,464.41 miles across or along 7 States to the Mississippi River, 17 miles above St. Louis. For description, see page 1149, Annual Report for 1932. Practically the entire length of the section from Kansas City to the mouth is contained within the State of Missouri. Previous projects. The first appropriation for improvement by regulation was made in the River and Harbor Act of June 18, 1878. The original plan for comprehensive improvement was adopted by the 1 1941 adjusted mileage. 741 742 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882, modified by River and Har- bor Acts of July 5, 1884, September 19, 1890, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1891 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1153 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel of 9-foot depth and width not less than 300 feet, to be obtained by revetment of banks, con- struction of permeable dikes to contract and stabilize the waterway, cutoffs to eliminate long bends, closing of minor channels, removal of snags, and dredging as required. Length of section under improve- ment (mouth to upper end of Quindaro Bend) is 386.2 miles.1 Or- dinary and extreme fluctuations of stage are 16 and 38 feet, respectively. The estimated cost for new work (1955) is $120,000,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimated cost for annual maintenance is $2,550,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Project adopted for securing a permanent navigable H. Doc. 1287, 61st Cong., 3d sess. channel of 6-foot depth. (contains latest published map). Aug. 8,1917 This act fixed the upstream limit of the improvement H. Doc. 463, 64th Cong., 1st sess. at the upper end of Quindaro Bend (386.2 miles (contains latest published map). from the mouth), and provided for dredging. Mar. 3,1925 For a minimum width of 200 feet, with a reasonable additional width around the bends. Aug. 30, 1935 For completion of improvement from the mouth to H. Doec. 238, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Sioux City, Iowa. (contains latest published map). Mar. 2,1945 For securing a navigable channel of 9-foot depth and H. Doc. 214, 76th Cong., 1st sess, a minimum width of 300 feet. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. The project provides that cooperation from benefited localities may be required, in case a comprehensive plan is adopted by Congress, for an apportionment of expense, where any improvement confers special benefit; and receipt of contributions from private parties, to be expended with Government funds upon authorized works where such would be in the interest of navigations is authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1915. The Secretary of the Army has approved the general principle of coopera- tive construction on the Missouri River below Kansas City on the basis that 25 percent of the cost of any special installation shall be paid by the United States and 75 percent by the local interests. The total amount contributed by local interests in cooperation with the United States from 1918 to June 30, 1955, was $675,662.80, of which $8,647.11 was returned to contributors. Terminal facilities. Facilities for transferring grain, petroleum products, and other commodities are maintained at various locations on this section of the river. These facilities are listed in the following table: 1 1941 adjusted mileage. RIVERS AND HARBORS--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 743 Location 2 Description of facility I Miles above mouth Nearest town (1941 mileage) E xisting fa ilities: Steel pipe unloading facility___________________.......... 384. 0 Kansas City, Kans. O i l -l oad i n g f ac i l i t i e s . . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 379. 6 Do. Grain elevator, conveyor, and dock, publicly owned, leased 379. 1 Do. to private concern. Warehouse, escalator, bulk-handling dock, and concrete 378. 6 Kansas City, Mo. loading platform, publicly owned, leased to a private cor- poration. Loading platform .......................................... 378. 2 Do. Warehouse and concrete loading platform, publicly owned, 377. 2 Do. leased to Department of the Army. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel..._ _ _ 377. 1 Do. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel and wharf-......... 376. 8 Do. Orain-loading facilities_ __ 375. 55 Do. Bulk-handling facilities______ __ 3 371.3 Randolph, Mo. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel__- _..._._ .. _.. 321.8 Lexington, Mo. Grain-loading facilities. _- . . ... _........_......... 297. 15 Waverly, Mo. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel_ ------- .-.---..-- 296. 9 Do. Do _ .... ...- ___ _ -_. _ _ -__ . . .- . . 3 227. 2 Glasgow, Mo. Grain-loading facilities_____ ___ ___ .... _____.... S226. 9 Do. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel__-----------.- 196. 5 Boonville, Mo. Do.................................... ................ 3 186. O0 Rocheport Mo. 142. 8 Jefferson dity, Mo. Dock, barge unloading_---- ---- ---- ------- - .-..--.-- 116. 3 Chamois, Mo. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel-.-------..----.-__- 896. 5 Hermann, Mo. D o _... ..---- .- Washington, Mo. D o_ - Proposed facilities: -- -- -- -- - .---- - .- .-- .- .--- -- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 67. 5 28. 0 St. Charles, Mo. Grain-loading facilities__ ___ 384. 4 Kansas City, Kans. Sand-loading facilities____..__.. ____________ _ _ 3 382. 5 North Kansas City, Mo. Grain-loading facilities _ .......... _ ....._.. ... . ..__ _ 380. 0 Kansas City, Kans. Oil-loading facilities_____________________ .______.___.. .. 379. 6 Do. Molasses-unloading facilities. ... ..... _ .... _...... _.. _ . 378. 1 Kansas City, Mo. Fixed general purpose dock____............__.....__......... 376. 73 Do. Coal-unloading dock ...... __ _ .._ _. ...._ .._._.. ........ 375. 55 Do. Oil-unloading facilities __-._ _ .. ____________- .. - - 375. 55 Do. 'Coal-unloading facilities_,_______________.__.____ . 369. 8 Do. Oil-unloading facilities ___ ... __ ............... __ ___.......... 367. 8 Sugar Creek, Mo. Grain-unloading facilities__ ___________. .____... 322. 3 Lexington, Mo. General purpose wharf facilities __ .......................... 322. 2 Do. Oil-unloading facilities_____..__.________ __. . . 3 257. 0 DeWitt, Mo. General purpose facilities__________.... _........ 196. 5 Boonville, Mo. Oil tank and unloading facilities_................. .. ....... 196. 0 Do. Oil-unloading facilities .... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. 192. 0 Do. Wharf and barge loading facilities___.__ _ 143. 0 Jefferson City, Mo. Grain-loading facilities_____________ __.. ____ 134. 0 Osage City, Mo. Bulk-handling facilities ..... 5.0 St. Charles, Mo. 1 Privately owned and operated unless otherwise indicated. 2 On right bank unless otherwise indicated. $ On left bank. Operations amd results during fiscal year. New work: This work consists of construction, by contract, of 25 dikes and 53 dike extensions totaling 20,194 linear feet with 2 dikes and 1 dike extension totaling 930 linear feet under construction but not yet completed and 7 lengths of revetment totaling 9,139 linear feet completed during the fiscal year. Constructed by hired labor were 18 dikes and 13 dike extensions totaling 11,516 linear feet with 1 piece of revetment 544 feet in length under construction but not completed during the fiscal year. The total cost of new work (including a pending adjustment of $8,098) was $1,948,908. 744 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Maintenance: This work consisted of the repair, by contract, of 13,555 linear feet of dikes and 11,568 linear feet of revetment, at a total cost of $797,614, and the accomplishment, by hired labor, of the following: Removal of 6,837,315 cubic yards from 5 localities by the U. S. Dredges Black, Mitchell, and Keoknuk, at a total cost of $675,779; the repair of 27,823 linear feet of dikes and 104,074 linear feet of revetment at a total cost of $1,049,499; reconnaissance and channel marking for navigation at a total cost of $347,180; real estate man- agement services at a total cost of $519; stream gaging for special studies and working data at a cost of $22,853; the total cost during the fiscal year, of all maintenance work, including engineering, de- sign, surveys, supervision and administration and a pending adjust- ment of $8,515 was $2,901,959. The total costs for the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds...........-----------------------------------1 $1, 948, 908 2 $2, 901, 959 $4, 850, 867 1 Including pending adjustment of $8,098. 2Including pending adjustment of $8,515. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 82 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, based on the present ap- proved estimate of cost. The physical extent of work accomplished is 1,9017188 linear feet of dikes, 1,334,296 linear feet of revetment, 29,499 linear feet of abatis, 27,493 linear feet of bank protection, 35,- 842 linear feet of retards, 30,299 linear feet of levees, 5 revetment spillways, excavation of 7,537,789 cubic yards of material in construc- tion of pilot canals, removal of 141,042 linear feet of existing struc- ture, dredge fills totaling 1,546,493 cubic yards, removal of 432,664 cubic yards of rock, removal of 82,805,096 cubic yards of material by dredging, and removal of 5,439,461 cubic yards of material in the im- provement of bank alinement. Although additional dikes and revet- ment are required to attain the project dimensions, a channel with a minimum depth of 6 to 7 feet and a minimum width of 200 feet is available throughout the navigation season, which covers approxi- mately the period from March 15 to November 30. The controlling depth throughout this section of the river on June 30, 1955, was gen- erally 8 feet at which time there was an average discharge at Kansas City, Mo., of approximately 51,000 cubic feet per second. The prac- tical draft at ordinary stages of the river is 6 feet. This section of the river has been used for commercial navigation since June 1935. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds__ -----------------------...... $90, 009, 907 $51, 882, 421 $141, 892, 328 Emergency Relief funds----.---------------------- 1, 375, 243 133, 757 1, 509, 000 Public Works funds--------------------- .... 6, 468, 491 ---------..-.-- 6, 468, 491 Total.......... .. .. . . . . 97, 853, 641 52, 016,178 149, 869, 819 ,RIVERS AND HARBORS-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 745 Cost and fnancial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 t New work: Appropriated-........ $2,250, 000 $2, 300,000 $2,586, 000 $1,885, 000 $2,000,000 $105, 812, 358 Cost_ --------------- 1, 613, 940 2,279, 824 3, 289,057 1, 892, 796 1, 948, 908 105, 758, 118 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... 2, 225, 000 2, 570, 000 3, 193, 700 3, 658, 000 2,973, 000 52, 512, 887 Cost- ...----------- 2, 041, 509 2, 663, 897 3, 295, 455 3, 658, 565 2, 901, 959 52, 441, 846 1 Includes $644,374 costs of new work and $22,642 for maintenance from contributed funds. 2 Includes $7,260,103 costs of new work and $403,027 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-...... $377 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ _ 2, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-----------_------------_------------ 2, 000, 377 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project____________________ _..._.. 14, 187, 642 3. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS I2Improvement adequate for existing needs. Curtailment of project recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. a Project for maintenance only. 4 Operation of lock and dam placed in standby status. 4. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, KANSAS CITY DISTRICT Location. The flood control improvements included in this project are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the princi- pal tributaries of the Missouri River and are located in the States comprising the Missouri River Basin. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth, flood protection works at certain municipalities, and reser- voirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on the tribu- 746 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 taries for control of flood flows at the dam site. The existing project was authorized by the following flood control acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 28,1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initiation 75th Cong,, 1st Sess. and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18,1941 Modified the general comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr., other supplemental flood con- trol works on the upper Republican River; and authorized $7,000,000 additional expenditure. Dec. 22,1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24,1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17,1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. Sept. 3,1954 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $217, 710, 000 H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess. additional expenditure. Included in the comprehensive basin plan are the following projects in the Kansas City district: ProjectEstimated Project Federal cost Missouri River agricultural levees, Rulo to mouth ......------------------------------------ $121, 000,000 Pioneer Reservoir, Arikaree River, Colo., and Kans----------------------------------- 120, 000, 000 Red Willow Reservoir, Red Willow Creek, Nebr..............----------------------------------- 112,500,000 Indianola, Republican River, Nebr----..........................--------------------------------------------- 67, 275 Bartley, Republican River, Nebr..----------------- -------------------------------- 118, 269 Harlan County Reservoir, Republican River, Nebr--------------------------------- 45, 232, 000 Milford Reservoir, Republican River, Kans__-- ---------------------------------- 41,000, 000 kanopolis Reservoir, Smoky Hill River, Kans-----------........-------------------------- 12,297,000 Salina, Smoky Hill River, Kans.....------------------------------------------------- 1,470,000 Abilene, Smoky Hill River, Kans---..............------------------------------------------ 580,000 Manhattan, Kansas River, Kans--- ------------------------------------------ 1,470, 000 Hubbell, Rose Creek, Nebr--------------------------------------- --------------- 12, 000 Beatrice, Big Blue River, Nebr...--...------------------------------------------ 520,000 Marysville, Big Blue River, Kans ------------------------------------------------- 332, 000 Tuttle Creek Reservoir, Big Blue River, Kans _--- ------------------------------. 92, 300, 000 Topeka, Kansas River, Kans....-------------------------------------------------- 13, 400, 000 Lawrence, Kansas River, Kans _---------------------------------- 2,740, 000 Perry Reservoir, Delaware River, Kans......-------.....------------------------------------- 17, 200, 000 Merriam, Turkey Creek, Kans....---------------------------------------------------- 390, 000 Chillicothe Reservoir, Grand River, Mo--------------------------------------------- 65,800000 Pomona Reservoir, One Hundred Ten Mile Creek, Kans--- ------------------------------ 14,100,000 Melvern Reservoir, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans------... ------------------.... 20,400, 000 Ottawa, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans-.....------------------------------ 3,140,000 Hillsdale Reservoir, Big Bull Creek, Kans ---------...............---------------------- 9,000, 000 Garnett Reservoir, Pottawatomie Creek, Kans.........------------------------------------ 14, 800, 000 Osawatomie, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans...........---------------------------------- 700,000 Fort Scott Reservoir, Marmaton River, Kans__ ----------------- .--------------------- 16, 000, 000 Hackleman Corners Reservoir, Cedar Creek, Mo....................------------------------------------ 16, 400. 000 Stockton Reservoir, Sac River, Mo ... ----------------------------------- 40, 800, 000 Kasinger Bluff Reservoir, Osage River, Mo-------.............---------------------------102,000,000 Pomme de Terre Reservoir, Pomme de Terre River, Mo....--------------------------- 26,000, 000 Richland Reservoir, Gasconade River, Mo--------------------------------------- 1 33, 300, 000 Arlington Reservoir, Gasconade River, Mo .----...---- ------------------------------- 1 27, 200, 000 1 1954 estimate. Recommended modification of project. None Operations and results during fiscal year. The operations during the fiscal year, together with costs and expenditures for those projects on which plans were in preparation or on which construction had been initiated, are shown in following individual reports. FLOOD CONTROI-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 747 Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act, ap- proved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. Condition at end of fiscal year. The condition of the projects dis- cussed in individual reports is given in those reports. The total cost and expenditures to June 30, 1955, exclusive of the cost and ex- penditures for projects discussed in individual reports, for special engineering studies in connection with the comprehensive plan, was $55,568.55. The cost for maintenance (scheduling of flood control reservoir operations) was $49.088. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: AppS6priated .--....... ------------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $55, 569 Cost--------------------- ------------------------------------------------ 55, 569 Maintenance: ........ Appropriated------- $44, 000 $35, 000 $39, 000 $57, 000 $49, 000 224, 000 Cost ----------------- 35, 782 43, 191 32, 554 63, 384 49, 088 224, 000 Notes: The allotments and costs shown above for new work cover 21 x 3113 flood control, general funds allotted to the "Republican River Basin reservoirs (Medicine Creek Reservoir), Colo., Nebr., and Kans." The allotments and costs shown above for maintenance cover 21 x 3123 flood control, general, funds allotted to "Scheduling of flood control reservoir operations." 5. MISSOURI RIVER AGRICULTURAL LEVEES, SIOUX CITY, IOWA, TO THE MOUTH (RULO, NEBR., TO MOUTH) Location. On both banks of the Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth near St. Louis, Mo., a distance of approximately 760 miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a series of levee units and appurtenant works along both sides of the Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth, for the protection of agricultural lands and small communities against floods. The esti- mate of cost (1955) for that portion of the project from Rulo, Nebr., to the mouth is $129,990,800, of which $121,000,000 is the Federal cost for construction, $8,990,800 is for lands and damages to be borne by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 18,1941 Levees along both sides of the river from Sioux City H. Doc. 821, 76th Cong., 3d sess. to Kansas City. Dec. 22, 1944 Extended project from Kansas City to the mouth and H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; provided for increased protection. S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. 748 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved Decem- ber 22, 1944, applies. Local interests have furnished rights-of-way for construction of levees in units R513-512 (secs. I and II), R500, L488, R482, L476, L448-443, R440, and L400. Local interests have also indicated their interest in the early construction of other units of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Unit L519-L512-L504: Design memorandum No. 1-General design memorandum and appen- dix I for section I of this unit were completed and work continued on appendixes for other sections by hired labor at a total cost during the fiscal year of $57,023.76. Unit R513-R512: Underseepage control and reseeding of levees was completed, by contract, during the fiscal year. Modification of a drainage structure, engineering and design in connection with con- struction and supervision and administration of construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost dur- ing the fiscal year was $38,502.52. Unit R500: Reseeding of a portion of the levee was done by con- tract during the fiscal year. Engineering and design and supervision and administration in connection with the above was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year was $2,468.07. Unit L497: Work was continued on the design memorandum and plans and specifications by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $5,685. Unit L488: Underseepage control by long berms was 92 percent complete by contract during the fiscal year. Piezometers were in- stalled, design memorandum and plans and specifications for the un- derseepage control were completed and supervision and administration of construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year was $204,278. Unit R482: Reseeding of levees was completed by contract during the fiscal year. Engineering and design and supervision and adminis- tration in connection with the above were accomplished by hired labor. The total cost during the fiscal year was $1,572. Unit L476: Underseepage control by long berms was 60 percent complete by contract during the fiscal year. Plans and specifications for the underseepage control were completed and supervision and administration of construction was accomplished by hired labor dur- ing the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year was $152,599. Unit L448-L443: Underseepage control by long berms was com- pleted by contract during the fiscal year. Design memorandum and plans and specifications for the underseepage control was completed and supervision and administration of construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year was $400,221. Unit L455: Preparation of design memorandum was advanced to about 6 percent of completion by hired labor during the fiscal year at a total cost of $33,635. Unit R440: Underseepage control by long berms was completed and tie-back levees along a tributary creek were advanced to 12 percent of FLOOD CONTROIr--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 749 completion by contract during the fiscal year. Installation of piezome- ter tubes, engineering and design and supervision and administration in connection with the above construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost for the fiscal year was $108,784. Unit L426-L419: Preparation of design memorandum was ad- vanced to about 8 percent of completion by hired labor during the fiscal year at a total cost of $21,729. Unit L400: Plans and specifications for this unit were completed by hired labor during the fiscal year at a total cost of $11,798. General engineering on the remaining units of the project was un- derway by hired labor during the fiscal year at a cost of $19,582. The total cost during the fiscal year for the Missouri River agricultural levee project (including a pending adjustment of -$486) was $1,117,391. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 10 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year based on the present estimated cost. Construction of the project was initiated in June 1948 with the start of construction of levees for Unit L488. During April 1952 there occurred a flood which overtopped or breached all privately constructed farm levees from Rulo, Nebr., to Kansas City, Mo., and damaged approximately 60 percent of those from Kansas City to the mouth. This flood exceeded all floods occur- ring during the past century in the reaches above Leavenworth, Kans. The only levees in the Kansas City to Rulo sction that did not fail during this April 1952 flood were the seven levee units constructed by the Corps of Engineers under the Missouri River agricultural levees project. The status of individual units of the project at the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Unit L519-L512-L504: The preparation of definite project plans and contract plans and specifications was underway. Unit R513-R512: Definite project plans and contract plans and specifications for the construction of levees have been completed. The construction of 8.6 miles of levee in section I of this unit and of 8 miles of levees in section II of this unit has been completed. The construction of 2.5 miles of levees in the Mooney drainage ditch section has been completed. Surfacing of levees and channel clear- ing is also completed. Unit R500: Definite project plans and contract plans and speci- fications for construction of levees have been completed. The con- struction of 4.1 miles of levees, including surfacing and slope protec- tion for this unit was completed. Unit L497: The preparations of definite project plans and contract plans and specifications was underway. Unit L488: Definite project plans and contract plans and speci- fications for the construction of levees have been completed. The construction, surfacing, and seeding of 11.5 miles of levees in this unit have been completed. The preparation of the design memoran- dum and plans and specifications for underseepage control was com- pleted. A contract for underseepage control by long berms was awarded and advanced to 92 percent of completion and piezometer tubes were installed. 750 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Unit R482: Work in this unit which consisted of the construction of 8.3 miles of levee has been completed. Unit L476: Definite project plans and contract plans and specifi- cations for the construction of levees has been completed. The con- struction of 6.7 miles of levees, including surfacing and slope protection has been completed. A contract for underseepage control has been awarded and advanced to 38 percent of completion. Unit L448-L443: The construction of 8.3 miles of levee to protect section I of this unit and 5.8 miles of levee to protect section II, in- cluding underseepage control, surfacing, seeding and slope and toe protection is complete. The construction of Cloverdale drain levees is complete. Unit R440: The construction of 9.6 miles of levees in this unit, in- cluding surfacing and underseepage control is complete. A contract for Doniphan Creek diversion levees was awarded and advancd to 12 percent of completion. Unit L400: Definite project plans and contract plans and specifica- tions were completed. Unit L330: A contract for engineering services in connection with surveys for design of levees is completed. Unit R471-L466-R460, L455, L435, 434.5 (bridge), L426-L419, 408.2 (bridge), L408, R395-R393, L392, L385, and R289-R272: Pre- liminary work in connection with the preparation of detailed plans was underway. The total cost of the existing project (all new work) to June 30, 1955, was $12,852,592. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---------....... $374, 900 $1, 543, 900 $319, 000 $75, 000 $350, 000 $13, 305, 150 Cost_..--- - . 2, 260, 800 536, 605 913, 975 552, 832 1, 117, 391 12, 852, 592 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -------- $177, 387 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - 660, 000, Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______________---------------- ------- 837, 387 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------ 107, 694, 850 6. KANSAS OITYS ON MISSOURI AND KANSAS RIVERS, MO, AND KANS. Location. Kansas Citys on Missouri and Kansas Rivers in Missouri and Kansas. The municipal and industrial areas which require flood protection extend from the mouth of the Kansas River about 61/2 miles up and 91/2 miles down the Missouri River and 9 miles up the Kansas River. Existing project. The general plan of improvement contemplates protection works consisting principally of levees and floodwalls, for 13 separate project units, which are designated as follows: Argentine; Armourdale; Central Industrial; Fairfax-Jersey Creek; North Kan- FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 751 sas City; East Bottoms; channel improvement, Kansas River; bridge and approach alterations, Kansas River; channel improvement, Mis- souri River; floodway improvement, Missouri River; Birmingham; Blue Valley Industrial; and Liberty Bend cutoff. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 22, 1936 Levees and flood walls for the protection of the Kan- H. Doc. 195, 73d Cong., 2d sess. sas Citys, at an estimated construction cost not to exceed $10,000,000, estimated cost of lands and damages, $8,000,000. Dec. 22, 1944 Modified and extended the project to provide con- H. Doec. 342, 78th Cong., 1st sess. struction of cutoffs and protection for additional areas at an estimated additional cost of $8,445,000. July 24,1946 Authorized the Chief of Engineers to include neces- sary railroad bridge and approach alterations as a Federal responsibility. Recommended modification of project. None. The estimated cost (1955) is $49,830,000 of which $44,800,000 is the Federal cost and $5,030,000 is for lands and damages to be borne by local interests. This project will be operated as part of the comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin and it is contemplated that, with res- ervoir control, substantially complete flood protection will be pro- vided for the Kansas Citys. The units involve construction approxi- mately as follows: Argentine unit: The original levees and floodwalls built by pri- vate interests were of sufficient height to protect the district from the design flood, but to correct inadequate design and improper materials used in constructing the levees it was originally planned to strengthen the levees, install necessary facilities for control of un- derseepage, and construct a pumping unit. Since the inadequacies of the original construction by private interests are being corrected through proper design and selection of materials in the emergency restoration necessitated by the flood of 1951, the levee work formerly contemplated under this unit no longer will be required. However, studies subsequent to the flood of 1951 indicated the necessity for con- structing protection for the approaches to the Argentine Boulevard and the West Kansas Avenue bridges. Armourdale unit: The earth levee along the left bank of the Kansas River from mile 6.7 to mile 2.9 is of sufficient heights to provide protection from the design flood. The project provides for raising the existing levee from mile 2.9 to 2.8; 1constructing a new levee river- ward of the existing flood wall from mile 2.8 to 1.7; 1 replace existing floodwall with a new floodwall from mile 1.7 to 1; construct a new levee from mile 1 to 0.7; 1 and construction of new floodwall, including the replacement of a short section of existing wall from mile 0.7 to 0.3.' The downstream end of the new wall will connect with the southern terminus of the existing Fairfax district levee. Central Industrial unit: Beginning at the south end of the Armour- Swift-Burlington Bridge over the Missouri River, mile 376.9,2 the 1 Above mouth of Kansas River. 2Above mouth of Missouri River. 363037-55-vol. 2- 48 752 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 existing and proposed protection for the district extends upstream along the right bank of the Missouri River to the mouth of the Kansas River, mile 378.8,2 a distance of 1.9 miles, and thence upstream along the right bank of the Kansas River to mile 3.4,1 in the vicinity of the Seventh Street Bridge, a total distance of 5.3 miles. The plan of improvement consists of the construction of concrete floodwalls and earth levees to protect the portion of the unit lying in the State of Missouri, and the raising of existing structures and construction of new concrete floodwalls and earth levees to protect the portion of this unit located in the State of Kansas. Fairfax-Jersey Creek unit: About 30,900 feet of earth levee, 1,981 feet of concrete floodwalls, and 32,100 feet of bank-protection works, extending along the right bank of the Missouri River from a point immediately above the Kansas City, Kans., water and light plant (mile 385.3)2 downstream to the mouth of the Kansas River, thence along the left bank of the Kansas River to the vicinity of the inter- city viaduct (mile 0.3);1 pumping plants; and appurtenant works. Subsequent to the construction of the above work, the elevation of the design flood has been raised due to a decrease in the width of the floodway, necessitating the raising of the Fairfax-Jersey Creek flood- protection works. North Kansas City unit: Beginning at a point northwest of the Kansas City, Mo., municipal waterworks, the existing and proposed protection for the unit extends downstream along the left bank of the Missouri River for a distance of about 6.55 miles and opposite approximately Missouri River mile 375; thence north along the right bank of Rock Creek to the Wabash Railroad right-of-way, a distance of about 0.8 mile; thence northwesterly along a drainage ditch to high ground northeast of the Kansas City, Mo., municipal water- works, a distance of about 1.6 miles. The plan of improvement con- sists of raising and realinement of existing levees and a railroad em- bankment and the construction of new earth levees and concrete flood- walls to protect the city of North Kansas City, Mo., and the municipal airport and waterworks for the city of Kansas City, Mo. The total length of the proposed system is 9 miles. East Bottoms unit: Beginning at the south end of the Armour- Swift-Burlington bridge over the Missouri River, mile 376.9,2 the existing and proposed protection for the district extends downstream along the right bank of the Missouri River to the mouth of the Big Blue River, thence southwesterly along the left bank of Big Blue River to high ground. The proposed improvements will consist of levees and a floodwall and appurtenances. The plan also contem- plates necessary rectification of the Big Blue River channel near the mouth of this stream. Channel improvement, Kansas River unit: Bank-stabilization works along the right bank of the Kansas River from the Seventh Street Bridge to the Kansas City Terminal Railway bridge (mile 3.50 to mile 2.49 1); excavation of a foreshore bar along the right bank of the Kansas River, extending from the Kansas City South- ern Railroad bridge (mile 0.84)1 to the mouth; and removal of major SAbove mouth of Kansas River. 2Above mouth of Missouri River. FLOOD CONTROT--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 753 obstructions from the bed of the main channel of the Kansas River between the Argentine Bridge (mile 5.13)1 and the mouth. Bridge and approach alterations, Kansas River unit: In order to permit the free passage of drift during flood periods, it is contem- plated that all bridges across the Kansas River between mile 5.13 and the mouth which do not now provide adequate floodway will be raised above the design flood profile. This would involve the per- manent raising of 4 highway and 3 railroad bridges, and provision of facilities for the temporary raising during flood periods of 3 other railroad bridges. Channel improvement, Missouri River unit: The work contem- plated under this unit consists of dredging of a foreshore bar along the left bank of the Missouri River in the vicinity of mile 377.5; and of dredging the left bank where it extends riverward of the adopted channel alinement in the vicinity of mile 374. 2 In addition, exacava- tion of the abandoned overbank area between the North Kansas City levee and the present channel to approximately low water elevation is contemplated. Replacement of the left-bank approach fills to the Armour-Swift-Burlington and Hannibal Bridges by approach spans is provided in the plans and is necessitated by the widening of the Kansas City reach by setting back the North Kansas City levee and dredging the abandoned overbank area. Floodway improvement, Missouri River unit: The work contem- plated under this unit consists of removing brush and timber from the area riverward of the existing Birmingham drainage district levee along the left bank of the Missouri River between mile 370 and mile 363 and of removing brush from the area riverward of the proposed East Bottoms levee along the right bank between mile 373.5 and mile 367.8.2 Birmingham unit: In order to provide protection to the Birming- ham district, various upstream sections of the Birmingham levee, between mile 371.7 and mile 365.5,2 will be raised by the addition of rolled fill and downstream sections will be strengthened. Blue Valley Industrial unit: The work contemplated under this unit consists of the construction of levees and floodwalls at approxi- mately present Big Blue River mile 5.4 to provide flood protection for a section of the Big Blue River Valley. Liberty Bend Cutoff: The work under this unit consists of the con- struction of a main cutoff channel beginning at mile 363.7 and ex- tending downstream to mile 358.5; 2 a second cutoff channel from mile 358.5 to mile 357; 2 and a new highway bridge where the main cutoff channel intersects U. S. Highway No. 71 (bypass), which at present crosses the Missouri River north of the proposed cutoff at mile 361.2 Local cooperation. The necessary assurances of cooperation by local interests with respect to the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, were approved by the Secretary of War as follows: Argentine; Armourdale; bridge and approach alterations, Kansas River; Central Industrial (Kansas section); channel improvement, ' Above mouth of Kansas River. 2 Above mouth of Missouri River. 754 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Kansas River; and Fairfax-Jersey Creek units, approved July 6, 1938. Central Industrial (Missouri section) and East Bottoms units, approved March 22, 1941. North Kansas City unit, approved June 17, and June 20, 1941. Birmingham unit, approved December 11, 1945. New assurances of cooperation by local interests in compliance with the further provisions of the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, were approved by the Secretary of the Army on April 23, 1946. Rights-of-way for the Central Industrial; channel improve- ment, Kansas River; channel improvement, Missouri River; Fairfax- Jersey Creek; East Bottoms; Armourdale; and North Kansas City units of the projects have been furnished. Local interests have contributed to a total of $619,66'5 for work desired, but not required, to provide the protection authorized under the project, as follows: Unit Amount Armourdale ----------------------------------------------- $19, 950, Birmingham------------------------------------------------ 3,500 Central Industrial---- ------------------------- 9, 150 East Bottoms--------------------------------------------- 206, 811 Fairfax-Jersey Creek --------------- --------------------- 157, 940 North Kansas City----------------------------------------- 222, 314 Total------------------------------- ---------------- 619,665 Operations and results during the fiscal year. Operations under this project consisted of the following: Argentine unit: Gating outlet structures was completed, by con- tract, during the fiscal year. Preparation of "as-built" drawings, general engineering studies, and supervision and administration of construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $3,033. Armourdale: Osage Avenue pumping plant was completed, by con- tract, during the fiscal year, and a contract was negotiated with the sponsors to construct the protection for the downstream portion of the unit but no construction was accomplished. "As-built" drawings of Osage Avenue pumping plant and general engineering studies was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $9,627. Birmingham: A contract was awarded for the completion of the levees for this unit and construction advanced to 99 percent of com- pletion during the fiscal year. Engineering and design in connection with the above construction, general engineering studies and super- vision and administration of construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $424,709. Blue Valley Industrial: General engineering studies were accom- plished by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $190. Bridge and approach alterations: The raising of the East Kansas Avenue bridge and the alteration of the Missouri Pacific Number 72 bridge was completed, by contract, during the fiscal year. General engineering studies and supervision and administration of construc- FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 755 tion was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $8,057. Central Industrial: Construction, by contract, consisted of comple- tion of the gating of the Turkey Creek sewer and the advancement to 86 percent of completion of the gating of the outlets of Santa Fe, the Ohio and the Broadway pumping plants during the fiscal year. En- gineering and design in connection with the gating of outlets, gen- eral engineering studies and supervision and administration of con- struction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost for this unit during the fiscal year was $201,737. Channel improvement, Missouri River: Construction, by contract, during the fiscal year, consisted of completion of the alteration of the A. S. B. and the Hannibal bridges and the stabilization of the levees at the bridges. General engineering studies and supervision and ad- ministration of construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost for this unit during the fiscal year was $400,895. East Bottoms: Construction, by contract, during the fiscal year, consisted of the completion of levee slope and toe protection of the Paseo bridge. Engineering and design, general engineering studies and supervision and administration of construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost for this unit during the fiscal year was $78,414. Fairfax-Jersey Creek: Construction, by contract, during the fiscal year for this unit consisted of the modification of 5 pumping plants, the construction of 4 new pumping plants and completion of the downstream portion of levees and floodwalls. Engineering and de- sign, general engineering studies and supervision and administration of construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $766,392. North Kansas City: Construction, by contract, during the fiscal year for this unit consisted of completion of levees and pumping plants and the gating of four drainage outlets. Engineering and de-i sign, general engineering studies, supervision and administration of construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $52,481. The total cost of this project during the fiscal year, exclusive of con- tributed funds in the amount of $3,500 and including $23 for comple- tion of real estate records for the Liberty Bend Cutoff unit and a pending adjustment of $4,049 was $1,949,607. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 81 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, based on the presently authorized estimated cost. Construction of the project was started in April 1940 with the initiation of construction of levees and inci- dental work in the Fairfax-Jersey Creek unit of the project. Argentine unit: The inadequacies of the original construction of levees were corrected through proper design and selection of materials in the emergency restoration following the 1951 flood. The Santa Fe pumping plant was restored under the emergency program. Sur- facing of levees and gating of drainage outlets is complete. Armourdale unit: The construction of approximately 7,300 linear feet of levee, about 4,400 linear feet of floodwall and the Osage Avenue 756 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 pumping plant to protect this unit from Kansas River mile 2.84 downstream to mile 0.30 was completed. Surfacing of levees and gating of outlet structures for the upstream portion is complete. A contract has been negotiated with local interests whereby the Federal Government will contribute not to exceed $2,750,000 to the cost of an alternate plan of flood protection to be constructed by local interests in the lower Armourdale area. Birmingham unit: Raising and strengthening the levees upstream from station 250+00 in the vicinity of Missouri River mile 365.5 have been completed. The contract for the construction of the down- stream portion of the levees and the underseepage control for the upstream portion is 99 percent complete. Blue Valley industrial unit: Detailed project plans and interior drainage studies are underway. Bridge and approach alterations: The James Street, Central Ave- nue, Kansas City Southern Railway, Kansas City Stockyards Com- pany, East Kansas Avenue and the Missouri Pacific Railroad bridge No. 72 have been raised. Lifting facilities have been provided for the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific and the Union Pacific Railroad bridges. Planning in connection with the raising of all except the Kansas City Terminal Railroad bridge have been substantially completed. Central industrial unit-Missouri section: The floodwalls, levees, and the pumping plants to protect this section of the central indus- trial unit have been completed. The improvements to protect this section consist of 7,812 linear feet of floodwalls and appurtenances, 429 linear feet of earth levee to full grade and section, 429 linear feet of revetment of levee slope, a new pumping plant, and an addition to another pumping plant. Central industrial unit-Kansas 'section: The construction of levees, floodwalls, and pumping plants to protect this section of the unit have been completed. Bank and toe protection is complete. The improvements to protect this section consist of approximately 9,266 linear feet of levee, 772 linear feet of new floodwall, raising 8,586 linear feet of existing floodwall, and underseepage control system, two pump- ing plants, and an addition to another pumping plant. Channel improvement, Kansas River unit: The stabilization of the right bank of the Kansas River from the Seventh Street Bridge to the Kansas City Terminal Railway bridge and the removal of a fore- shore bar at the mouth of the Kansas River have been completed. This work consisted of the excavation and disposition of 361,013 cubic yards of material in connection with the removal of the fore- shore bar, and removal of 14,255 cubic yards of objectionable material, placement of 34,047 cubic yards of earth fill, 25,426 tons of stone, and 4,149 squares of bank paving in connection with bank stabilization. Removal of obstructions was accomplished by hired labor. Channel improvement, Missouri River unit: Construction of part I of this unit, which consists of 2,106,630 cubic yards of random and impervious fill, 318 square yards of surfacing, 195,290 tons of stone for filter blanket, riprap, rockfill toe and rockfill dikes, 237,220 pounds FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 757 of reinforcing steel, 16,845 pounds of miscellaneous metals, 270 linear feet of fencing is complete. Extensions of the Hannibal and A. S. B. bridges are complete. Channel excavation by contract is complete. Construction by contract of bank stabilization, part II, is complete. This work consisted of excavation of 337,999 cubic yards of material, removal of 771 cubic yards of obstruction and wood piling, placement of 36,203 tons of riprap and rockfill toe. East Bottoms unit: The construction of about 46,200 linear feet of levee and 1,750 linear feet of floodwall and appurtenances was initiated in April 1948 and has been completed. The construction of six pumping plants is complete. Surfacing of levees and slope and toe protection has been completed. Fairfax-Jersey Creek unit: The original levees and floodwalls for this unit were completed in May and June 1941. Three pumping plants had been completed prior to this and two were constructed subsequent to completion of leeves and floodwalls. Four additional pumping plants have been constructed and the five previously con- structed have been modified concurrently with the raising of the original levees. An underseepage control system and the Jersey Creek sewer are complete. Completed work included the construction of 31,348 linear feet of earth levees, a levee drainage system, approxi- mately 14,974 squares of foundation and toe-protection mattress, 30,881 squares of revetment paving, 965 linear feet of steel sheet-pile wall and 4,134 linear feet of floodwalls. Liberty Bend Cutoff unit: The construction of a new highway bridge, excavation of 2 cutoffs, relocation of 2 pipelines, construction of levees along both banks of the upper cutoff and the construction of approximately 5,000 linear feet of revetment along the left bank of the upper cutoff have been completed. The construction of 9,994 linear feet of revetment to divert the river through the new channel and protect the right bank of the lower cutoff, and an extension to the Liberty, Mo., sewer system have also been completed. North Kansas City unit-airport section: The airport section is that portion of the North Kansas City unit lying west of and up- stream from the Hannibal Bridge on the left bank of the Missouri River. Approximately 20,200 linear feet of levees, including stop- log and sandbag gaps and appurtenances, 19,800 linear feet of levee slope and bank protection, 552 linear feet of woodwall, and 160 linear feet of retaining wall were completed in October 1947. The installation of underseepage wells, installation of additional pump- ing capacity in one pumping plant, and installation of a collector system for the underseepage control system have also been completed. North Kansas City unit-lower section: The lower section of the North Kansas City unit is that portion of the unit lying east of and downstream from the Hannibal Bridge. Raising and relocating exist- ing levees and construction of three new pumping plants have been completed. The total cost, all new work, of the existing project to June 30, 1955, including a pending adjustment of $811 was $35,555,614; exclusive of contributed funds of $619,665. 758 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and flnancial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------.. $6,775,237 $8,887,250 -$418, 000 -$2, 686 $3,500 $39,168,765 Cost--------------- 2,237,424 3,394,588 3,667,544 2,613,060 107 1,953, 36,175,279 'Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------_ $608, 152 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------_ 1,008, 152 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----------------------------- 6, 250, 900 7. HARLAN COUNTY RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, NEBR. Location. The dam site for the Harlan County Reservoir is located on the main stem of the Republican River approximately 235 miles above the confluence of the stream with the Smoky Hill River. The site is located in Harlan County, Nebr., about 3 miles east of Repub- lican City, Nebr., and 13 miles west of Franklin, Nebr. Existing project. An earthfill dam, with a height of about 106 feet above the streambed and a total length of 11,950 feet, including a gate controlled concrete gravity-type spillway section located near the center of the dam. The reservoir provides storage capacity of 850,000 acre-feet, of which 500,000 acre-feet of capacity is for flood control and 350,000 acre-feet for irrigation and sedimentation allow- ance. The reservoir controls the runoff from approximately 83 percent of the drainage area of the Republican River and affords complete control for all floods of record. The Harlan County Reservoir will be operated to provide protection from floods on the Republican River to small communities and agri- cultural land lying within the flood plain below the dam and in combination with proposed reservoirs to be located on other major tributaries of the Kansas River to reduce flood heights at the Kansas Citys. The reservoir will also be operated to provide storage for the irrigation of 86,700 acres of land below the dam. This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Com- mittee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Act, approved August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess.), to include this project, and expanded by the Flood Control Act, ap- proved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Does. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1955) is $45,232,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. New work: The construction of access roads within the reservoir area, by contract, was completed during the fiscal year. All work in connection with the FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 759 relocation of sewage disposal facilities at Orleans, Nebr., was accom- plished by contract. The construction of townsite and public use facilities, consisting principally of a permanent warehouse, and shelter house and water supply for the south bluff, was initiated, by contract, and was substantially completed during the fiscal year. Surplus materials consisting of coarse aggregate and riprap were purchased for the project. Construction, by hired labor, during the fiscal year, consisted of the following: drainage of residual pools for malaria control, fabrication and installation of irrigation intake trash racks and pier access guards, alteration of Franklin Canal sluice gates, installation of outlet for low flow regulation, construction of Method- ist Creek area access road, improvement of South Bluff Beach, includ- ing access road to beach; construction of parking areas, road and walks adjacent to the Hi-Point Shelter; construction of entrance markers and wooden information signs, installation of standby lighting system on radio tower, connecting emergency lighting and power service to distribution system for administrative and residential areas, purchase of equipment for telemark gages, and other miscellaneous items. En- gineering and design in connection with the above work was accom- plished by hired labor. The total cost for new work during the fiscal year (including pending adjustment of $9,920) was $239,783. Maintenance: This work consisted of operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of the project, by hired labor and contract, at a cost during the fiscal year (including pending adjustment of $3,304) of $123,886. The total cost for the fiscal year was $363,669 ($239,783 for new work and $123,886 for maintenance). Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in August 1946. The project was over 99 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the embankment and spillway is completed. This work consists primarily of the excavation of 16,795,291 cubic yards of material, the placing of 9,948,186 cubic yards of impervious fill, 431,276 cubic yards of random fill, 1,236,130 cubic yards of pervious fill, and 1,536,114 cubic yards of berm fill in the embankment and levees, and placement of 445,484 cubic yards of concrete, 177 linear feet of clay pipe, 4,030 gallons of asphalt, and 4,295,606 pounds of reinforcing steel and 4,188,392 pounds of miscellaneous metals in the spillway. Temporary bridges constructed across the Republican River and the spillway approach channel have been removed. Complete relocations consist of the following: 32 miles of railroad, 48 miles of Federal and State highways, county roads, cemeteries, rural power and gaslines and electrical distribution facilities, Republican City and a portion of Alma, Nebr., and sewage disposal facilities at Orleans, Nebr. Re- moval of abandoned railroad line has been completed. The con- struction of access roads within the reservoir area has been com- pleted. Clearing of the reservoir area has been completed. The acquisition of 31,766 acres of land for the dam and reservoir and for the relocation of railroad lines and county roads has been completed. The procurement of a standby generator, construction of two permanent residences, and an administration building have been 760 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 completed. The construction of an access road and facilities for health and safety are complete. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $45,- 496,244 ($45,230,902 for new work, including materials valued at $24,198 that were received without charge to project funds, and $265,342 for maintenance). Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Appropriated----.... $15, 475, 575 -$215,975 -$276, 000 -$373, 000 -$40, 000 $45, 228,000 Cost---------------............. 7,876, 938 4,737, 607 1,464, 592 88,044 783 239, 145,230,902 Maintenance: Appropriated------.........------------ ----------- 50, 000 110,000 105,100 265, 100 Cost....-------------------- ------- -------............ -- 34, 295 107,161 123, 886 2 265, 342 1Includes cost of materials furnished without cost valued at $24,198. 2 Includes $242 cost for retroactive pay increase. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $18, 295 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- ------------------- ------------ 18, 295 8. KANOPOLIS RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The Kanopolis Dam site is located on the Smoky Hill River about 19 miles west and 16 miles south of Salina, Kans., and is approximately 205 river miles above the mouth of the stream. Existing project. An earthfill dam, with a height of about 131 feet above the streambed and a total length of 15,400 feet, including 4,300 feet of dike section on the left abutment and 2,600 feet of dike section on the right abutment. The reservoir provides storage capacity of 450,000 acre-feet, of which 400,000 acre-feet of capacity is for flood control and 50,000 acre-feet for recreation and streamflow regulation. The outlet works and spillway are located in the right abutment. The reservoir will control approximately 95 percent of the drainage area of the Smoky Hill River above Salina, Kans. The Kanopolis Reservoir will be operated in combination with pro- posed reservoirs to be located on other major tributaries of the Kansas River. The primary purpose of the project is flood control for mu- nicipal and agricultural areas along the Smoky Hill and Kansas Rivers, with incidental benefits in reducing Missouri and Mississippi River flood stages. This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Com- mittee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) as modified by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, and expanded by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Docs. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1955) is $12,297,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. FLOOD CONTROr--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 761 Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Stabilization of roads, stage 2, was completed during the fiscal year by contract. Construction by hired labor, during the fiscal year, consisted of the following: construction of service road on the downstream berm and standby lighting system on radio tower; purchase of equipment for telemark gage, and other miscellaneous items. Engineering and design in connection with the above work was accomplished by hired labor. The total cost for new work during the fiscal year (including pending adjustment of $381) was $35,287. Maintenance: This work consisted of the operation of the project and maintenance and rehabilitation of the project, by hired labor, and initiation by contract of road stabilization, at a cost during the fiscal year (including pending adjustment of $668) of $97,757. The total cost for the fiscal year was $133,044 ($35,287 for new work and $97,757 for maintenance). Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in June 1940. The project was over 99 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, the dam and spillway being completed and ready for use in May 1948. The acquisition of easements at the dam site, and land for the dam site and reservoir area, has been completed. The relocation of roads has been completed. Construction of the diversion works has been completed. Construction of the diversion works involved the excavation of 248,955 cubic yards of material and the placement of 17,791 cubic yards of backfills and embankment, 2,061,285 pounds of reinforcement steel, 1,270,448 pounds of steel brac- ing, and 22,158 cubic yards of concrete. Construction of the dam and excavation of the spillway involved the excavation of 19,725,320 cubic yards of material, the placement of 2,067,368 cubic yards of pervious fill, 5,302,322 cubic yards of random fill; 4,664,181 cubic yards of im- pervious fill, 2,072,696 cubic yards of fill in the upstream blanket, 1,025,196 cubic yards of fill in the downstream berm of the embank- ment, 239,575 cubic yards of sand and gravel filter and riprap on the upstream slope of the embankment, the placement of 899,856 pounds of reinforcement steel and bracing, and 10,060 cubic yards of concrete in connection with construction of a sill in the spillway and drainage gutters on the downstream slope of the embankment, and spot sodding and mulching 175 acres on the downstream slope of the embankment. The installation of piezometer gages is complete. The temporary Government field office, garage, warehouse, temporary residences, and other miscellaneous buildings have been completed. The administra- tion building, permanent residence, shelter house, and comfort station are complete. The installation of a standby generator and construc- tion of other miscellaneous facilities, such as sedimentation and de- gradation ranges, access roads, fencing, landscaping, forestation, planting, boat ramps, and other public use facilities are complete. The stabilization of the surface of major access roads and the con- struction of a service road on the downstream berm are complete. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, was $12,826,- 157 ($12,288,030 for new work, excluding.materials valued at $7,885, that were received without charge to project funds and $538,127 for maintenance). 762 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal'years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto1951 New work: Appropriated-----.........1 -$70, 000 $35, 000 $239, 500 -$50, 500 ....------------. $12, 297, 000 Cost---------- ------- 126, 493 151, 712 68, 124 126,059 $35, 287 2 12, 288, 030 Maintenance: Appropriated....---------.. 82, 500 79, 000 90, 000 93, 000 91, 000 542, 500 Cost----------------- 86, 135 77, 332 83, 909 89, 636 97, 757 538, 127 1 Funds in the amount of $70,000 of a total of $270,000 previously revoked were retained by OC E. 2Includes costs of materials furnished without charge in amount of $7,885. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----------$16, 855 Unobligated balances for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ 16, 855 9. TUTTLE OREEK RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The proposed dam site for the Tuttle Creek Reservoir is located on the main stem of the Big Blue River, approximately 12 miles above the mouth of the stream in Riley and Pottawatomie Counties, Kans. The site is about 12 miles northwest of Manhattan, Kans. Existing project. A preliminary plan of this project provides for a dam approximately 7,200 feet long to be constructed approximately 135 feet high. This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, and expanded by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Docs. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1955) is $92,300,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Resettlement reimburse- ments in connection with land acquisition, land management, reservoir area maintenance and engineering and design for future construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year at a cost, in- cluding a pending adjustment of $8,373, of $113,062. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated on October 7, 1952, and construction of the outlet works conduits and the first stage embankment and spillway excavation was started. The acquisition of 4,402 acres of land has been completed. Con- struction of temporary bridge and administrative facilities and park- ing areas, and installation of radio facilities have been completed. Work in connection with construction of the outlet works conduit and first stage embankment and spillway excavation consisted of placement of 1,446,106 cubic yards of embankment; excavation of 1,793,329 cubic yards of material for the spillway and outlet works; and placement of 17,355 cubic yards of concrete, 1,208,386 pounds of reinforcement steel, and placement of 2,114 cubic yards of riprap. FLOOD CONTROL---KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 763 Work at the site was suspended in December 1953 due to nonappro- priation of additional funds. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year, including a pending adjustment of $8,185, was $5,035,697. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated....------- ---------- $561, 395 $4, 975,000 -$615, 700 - - $5, 133, 780 Cost-------------- ------------ 366, 910 3, 169, 019 1, 154, 759 $113, 062 5, 035, 697 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------- -- $98, 083 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __ 7, 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------- 7, 598, 083 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_--------------------- 79, 666, 200 10. TOPEKA, KANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. This project is located on the right and left banks of Kansas River at Topeka, Kans. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for seven separate project units, as follows: Auburndale unit: Construction contemplated for this unit consists of 1.4 miles of levee, averaging 12 foot in height, along the right bank of the Kansas River between the waterworks levee and the upstream end of the present levee, diversion of Ward Creek to enter the Kansas River at approximate river mile 88, a pumping plant and appurtenant drainage facilities. Bridge alterations unit: Construction contemplated for this unit consists of the removal of a highway bridge and alterations of two railroad bridges over the Kansas River and the adjustment of the approaches. Channel and floodway improvement unit: Construction contem- plated for this unit consists of clearing and excavating at critical points in the channel of the Kansas River from miles 82 to 86 and necessary bank protection. North Topeka unit: Construction contemplated for this unit con- sists of levees, floodwalls, and appurtenances along the left bank of the Kansas River from approximate mile 88.8 to approximate mile 81.3 and 4 pumping plants to provide interior drainage. Oakland unit: Construction contemplated for this unit consists of a short section of floodwall, approximately 8 miles of levee averaging from 5 to 15 feet in height and appurtenances extending from the South Topeka unit downstream along the right bank of the Kansas River to the mouth of Shunganunga Creek thence upstream along the creek to Banner Street. Soldier Creek unit: Construction contemplated for this unit consists of realinement and straightening of the channel of Soldier Creek with 764 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 955 the relocation of the mouth of that creek so as to enter the Kansas River via the channel of Indian Creek, including the necessary levees; on each side with appurtenant drainage facilities and the necessary alteration of existing facilities. South Topeka unit: Under the previous authorization, levees and floodwalls were constructed which provides protection to the municipal waterworks extending from approximate river mile 88.0 to 88.3. Int addition, a short floodwall and levee were constructed along the right: bank from approximate river mile 84.8 to 86.2. In addition to the. work accomplished under a previous authorization, construction con- templated for this unit consists of a pumping plant, drainage facilities,. modification of railroad bridge approaches and a stop log gap. The protection authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 195, 73d Cong., 2d sess.), was modified and expanded .by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated Federal cost of construction of the expanded plan (1955) is $13,400,000 and the estimated non-Federal costs of lands and damages is $5,200,000 to be borne by local interests. Recommended modification of project. None. Local cooperation. The conditions of local cooperation have been fully complied with as pertains to the completed portion of the South Topeka unit. Initiation of work in addition to that already constructed was postponed indefinitely in February 1940 after a suit was brought to enjoin the North Topeka flood protection works. The city of Topeka has furnished certified copies of a court order dismissing the litigation that resulted in the curtailment of construc- tion of the North Topeka unit of the project in February 1940 after- a suit was brought against the city of Topeka and others to enjoin construction of the North Topeka flood protection works. Acquisi- tion proceedings with respect to rights-of-way for the North Topeka unit were essentially completed by local interests prior to curtailment of the project. Local interests have indicated an intense interest in early construction of the project. The city of Topeka has contributed to the United States a net sum of $7,659.31 to defray the cost of incidental features of construction at the city waterworks, desired by the city but not required for adequate flood protection. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The expanded project was approxi- mately 6 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The work- accomplished consists of the removal of objectionable material and placing of 174,569 cubic yards of earthfill in a levee; construction of 2,016 linear feet of concrete floodwall, 6,421 linear feet of bank paving,. 2,600 linear feet of waterworks protection, 3 protection enclosures at the waterworks, 1 flood gate, 9 sewer outlet extensions, seeding of levees and appurtenant features. The total cost of the project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year was $755,510, including $7,659 contributed funds. FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 765 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------------------...... $70,000 -$50, 000 -$10, 300 -$19 1$755, 510 Cost---- . .. __........---7,933 1, 722 26 ------------ . 1755, 510 1Includes $7,659 contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - $60, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------- ---------------- 60, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ - _________---------- 12, 592, 149 11. CHARITON RIVER, MO. Location. The Chariton River rises near Osceola in south central Iowa and flows in easterly and southeasterly directions approximately 140 miles to the Iowa-Missouri State line, thence south approximately 138 miles to its confluence with the Missouri River about 7 miles above Glasgow, Mo. The drainage basin of the Chariton River is approx- imately 150 miles long and 25 miles wide. Existing project. The plan of improvement in general contem- plates drainage and protection works consisting principally of the construction of levees, clearing and enlarging of the river channel, and the construction of cutoffs and drainage ditches for three project units, which are designated as follows: Chariton County unit, Macon- Adair Counties unit, and Reinhart Ranch Channel cutoff unit. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Dec. 628, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost of the project, revised in 1955, is $3,840,000, of which $3,580,000 is Federal cost for construction and $260,000 is the cost of lands and damages to be borne by local interests. The units involve construction approximately as follows: Chariton County unit: The plan of improvement provides for cut- offs, clearing, and enlarginlg the existing channel of the Chariton River and construction of tieback levees along both banks of this river. Macon-Adair Counties and Reinhart Ranch units: The plan of im- provement provides for cutoffs and clearing and enlarging the exist- ing channel of the Chariton River. Local cooperation. All rights-of-way for construction of channel improvement works have been furnished. Rights-of-way for levee construction are being obtained. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Design studies in connection with construction of tieback levees along the new channel of the Chariton River near the mouth were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year, including a pending adjustment of -$180, was $21,045. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in February 1948. The project was 32 percent complete at 766 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the end of the fiscal year based on the present approved working esti- mate. The construction of cutoffs, enlarging, and clearing the Chari- ton River channel from mile 13.6 to the mouth and the construction of revetment and bank protection at the mouth was completed. The -construction of cutoffs, enlarging, and clearing of the Chariton River channel from mile 13.6 to 19.9 in upper Chariton County unit was completed. The construction of ditches, cutoffs, and enlarging and clearing of the Chariton River channel in the Macon-Adair Counties .and Reinhart Ranch units was completed. Engineering and design for construction of tieback levees along the new channel near the mouth was underway. The total cost, all new work, of the existing project to June 30, 1955, including a pending adjustment of -$45, was $1,120,982. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------_ -$428, 000 $111,000 ------------ -$6, 588 -$21, 500 $1, 124, 912 Cost------------------ 129, 640 255, 908 $66, 281 13, 524 21, 045 1,120, 981 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ----- $3, 931 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------- 3, 931 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ------------------------------ 2, 455, 000 12. POMME DE TERRE RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, MO. Location. The proposed dam site for the Pomme de Terre Res- ervoir is located on the main stem of the Pomme de Terre River, approximately 38 miles above the mouth of the stream in Hickory ,County, Mo., the reservoir extending upstream into Polk County, Mo. The site is about 3 miles south of Hermitage, Mo., and 37 miles east and north of Lebanon, Mo. Existing project. The preliminary plan of this project provides for a dam about 4,380-feet long to be constructed to an elevation 155-feet .above the river bed with provision for power-generating facilities. This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin, authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1948 (Flood Control Com- mittee Doc. 1, 75th 'Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Acts, approved December 22, 1944, and September 3, 1954, (H. Doc. 475, and S. Does. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. and H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1955) is $18,700,000 for the flood control project and $7,300,000 for the power plant features of the project. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance engineering and design in connection with preparation of contract plans and speci- fications for the initial contracts for construction of the project was FLOOD CONTROI-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 767 continued, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year including pending adjustment of -$119, of $27,920. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and de- sign for preparation of plans for the initial contracts for construc- tion of the project is complete. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year including a pending adjustment of $3, was $522,453. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: - Appropriated, ... $130, 000 $307, 300 -$140, 000 -$7, 000 - , $522, 502 Cost__________________ 36, 913 94, 335 66, 556 70, 127 $27, 920 522, 453 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $49 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30,1956 ____ ________- __ ------------- 49 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------___ 25, 477, 500 13. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 fullreport - Estimated Name of project fu I re ort (amount see Annual Operation required to ertOperation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance Abilene, Smoky Hill River, Kans . _.... .. (2) $580, 000 Arlington Reservoir, Mo __ 1948 $8, 651- 3 27, 191, 349 Bartley, Mo. River Basin, Nebr .- -- _ 1953 118, 269 - - - - -- - (1) Beatrice, Big Blue River, Nebr_ - (2) . . . . .. . . . . . ... - -. . -. --.. 520, 000 Chillicothe Reservoir, Grand River, Mo .-..... (4) *65,800,000 -------------...------------- Fort Scott Reservoir, Marmaton R., Kans .---- (2) 16, 000, 000 -------------...------------- Garnett Reservoir, Pottawatomie Creek, Kans___ (2) 14, 800, 000 -------------...------------- Hackleman Corners Reservoir, Cedar Creek, Mo_ (2) 16, 400, 000 -------------...------------- Hillsdale Reservoir, Big Bull Creek, Kans - - - (2) 9, 000, 000 -------------...------------- Hubbell, Rose Creek, Nebr - . - _ -- (2) 12, 000 Indianola, Nebr_ ... _ -- _ _ 1950 67, 275- - - (1) Kasinger Bluffs, Reservoir, Osage River, Mo .... (2) ............................ 102, 000, 000 Lawrence, Kansas River, Kans_ -- (2) -------------...------------. 2, 740,000 Manhattan, Kansas River, Kans___ - - (2) 1, 470, 000 Marysville, Big Blue River, Kans___ (2) 332, 000 Melvern Reservoir, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans_ _- - (2) 20, 400, 000 Merriam, Turkey Creek, Kans _ (2) 390, 000 Milford Reservoir Republican River, Kans -- (2) 41, 000, 000 Mystic, Walnut Creek, Iowa _ (2) 50, 000 Osawatomie, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans - (2) 700, 000 Ottawa, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans_ (2) 3,140, 000 Perry, Reservoir, Delaware River, Kans ........ (2) 17, 200, 000 Pioneer Reservoir, Missouri River Basin, Kans___ 1952 95, 692 * * 19, 904, 308 Pomona Reservoir, One Hundred Ten Mile Creek, Kans _ - --- ---- (2) 14, 100, 000 Rathbun Reservoir, Chariton River, Iowa ------ (2) -------------...------------- 21, 000, 000 - -- 8,548- -- - - -- Red Willow Reservoir, Red Willow Creek, Nebr_ (3) *12,500,000 Richland Reservoir, Mo__ .. .. . ... 1948 8, 548 .............. * 3 33, 291, 452 Salina, Smoky Hill River, Kans_ (2) ............................. 1,470, 000 Stockton Reservoir, Sac River, Mo ..--. - (2) ...................--...... 40,800,000 *1954 estimate. 1 Complete. 2 Authorized in Fiscal year 1955. 3 Deferred for restudy. 4 Inactive. 363037-55-vol.2- 49 768 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 14. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Inspection of completed works was made during the fiscal year in the Kansas City District on the following flood protection projects: Project Inspection cost Missouri River agricultural levees ------------------------------ $2, 074 Kansas City flood control project___ 888 1-------------------- Chariton River, Mo------- 72 7----------------- Topeka, Kans------------------------------------------------- 357 Stonehouse Creek, Kans -------------------------- 433 Seward, Nebr------------------------------------------------- 153 Bartley, Nebr----- ------------------- 99 Indianola, Nebr ----------------------------- 92 Mouth of Delaware River, Kans ---------------------------------- 111 Smoky Hill River south of Solomon, Kans -- ___---------- -- 146 Kansas River at Lawrence, Kans _---------------------- 94 Republican River near McCook, Nebr----------------------- 106 County Bridge near Eudora, Kans-------------------------------------106 The total cost of inspections by hired labor (including a pending adjustment of $431) was $6,862. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated......--------- $2,100 $600 $2, 000 $4, 600 $6, 500 $15, 800 Cost__-.........- ... - 1,915 350 1, 073 5,601 6, 862 15, 800 15. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. "212" of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Costs were incurred on the following projects during the fiscal year. Seward, Big Blue River, Nebr.: Construction of approximately 12,000 feet of levee, excavation of approximately 3,000 feet of cutoff channel, and construction of drainage outlets were initiated during fiscal year 1952 and were completed during the fiscal year 1954, except for outstanding costs. Cost adjustments during the fiscal year were -$49. Missouri River at New Haven, Mo.: Construction, by contract, dur- ing the fiscal year consisted of approximately 2,250 linear feet of levee with appurtenant drainage facilities, seeding and slope protection and a pumping plant. Engineering and design and supervision and ad- ministration of construction were accomplished by hired labor. The total cost during the fiscal year (including a pending adjustment of - $9), was $122,235. Salt Creek at Barnard, Kans.: Definite project studies were com- pleted by hired labor during the fiscal year at a total cost (including a pending adjustment of $3) of $4,493. FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 769 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Appropriated......... $146, 700 $7, 000 $148, 700 $192, 652 -$31, 113 $413, 939 Cost------------------ 8, 664 88, 813 171,118 16, 873 126, 679 412,147 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------_ $1, 792 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------------- 1, 792 Emergency flood control activities (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). The following work was performed during the fiscal year: Cost during Description of work fiscal year Flood fighting and rescue work------------------------------------ $45, 444 Post flood reports ------------------------ ------------------------ , 037 Advance preparation for flood emergencies: Flood emergency manual---------------------------------------9, 414 Inspection of non-Federal flood control works--------------------- 753 Rehabilitation : Farm levees-- ------------------------------------------------ 9, 696 This work was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year at a cost (including a pending adjustment of - $16,878) of $60,466. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... $183,197 $12, 965,975 $17, 552, 500 ------------ $15,000 1 $39, 402, 425 Cost-----------.--- -- 217, 493 18, 323, 245 11, 398, 125 $783, 388 60, 466 139,383,434 1 Exclusive of $131,343 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- $18, 991 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------- ---------- ----------- 18, 991 16. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS-FLOOD CONTROL STUDIES Preliminary examination and survey reports were under prepara- tion by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of (including a pending adjustment of $838) $37,174. Funds remaining amounting to $1,268 plus the allotment of $44,000 will be applied during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1956, to the continuation of work on preliminary examination and survey reports presently assigned to this district. 17. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The collection of stream and rainfall data was accomplished by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of (including pending adjustment of $16) $1,059. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT This district comprises a small portion of southwestern North Dakota, all of South Dakota except the northwestern corner and a small northeastern portion, southeastern corner of Montana, eastern and south central Wyoming, a portion of north central Colorado, all of Nebraska except the southern portion, western Iowa, and a small portion of southwestern Minnesota, all embraced in the drainage basin of the Missouri River along the main stem and tributaries to Rulo, Nebr., except for that portion of the James River lying in North Dakota. The navigation improvement of that section of the Missouri River from Rulo, Nebr., to Kansas City, Mo. (Quindaro Bend), is under the jurisdiction of the Kansas City, Mo., district. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control--Continued Page Page 1. Missouri River, Kansas City 12. Cherrry Creek Dam and to Sioux City____ 772 Reservoir, Colo ___- 788 2. Other authorized navigation 13. South Platte River, Colo .. 789 projects - 776 14. Chatfield Reservoir, South Platte River Basin, Colo__ 790 Flood Control 15. South Platte River levees and channel improve- 3. Fall River Basin, S. Dak ... 776 ments, Chatfield Reservoir 4. Missouri River Basin, Omaha district _ __ 778 to Fort Morgan, Colo 16. Missouri River agricultural ---791 5. Oahe Reservoir, Missouri levees, Sioux City to mouth River Basin, S. Dak. and (Sioux City, Iowa to Rulo, N. Dak_-_-_____ 779 Nebr.)- 791 6. Fort Randall Reservoir, Mis- 17. Other authorized flood con- souri River Basin, S. Dak_ 780 trol projects_____________ 793 7. Gavins Point Reservoir, Mis- 18. Inspection of completed souri River Basin, S. Dak. works- 793 and Neb_ _____ 783 19. Flood control work under 8. Missouri River, Kenslers special authorization __ _ 794 Bend, Nebr. to Sioux City, Iowa __ _ 785 9. Sioux Falls, S. Dak -.. 786 General investigations 10. Little Sioux River and its tributaries, Iowa --.... 786 20. Examinations and surveys__ 795 11. Norfolk, Elkhorn River Ba- 21. Collection and study of basic sin, Nebr_ 787 data-_- _______-__ _- 795 771 772 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1. MISSOURI RIVER, KANSAS CITY TO SIOUX CITY Location. The Jefferson, Madison, and Gallatin Rivers conjoin at Three Forks, Mont., to form the Missouri River, which flows southeasterly 2,464.4* miles across or along seven States to the Mississippi River, 17 miles above St. Louis. The river is the boundary between the States of Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, and Iowa. For description, see page 1149, Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. Under the River and Harbor Act of August 14, 1876, the first regulation works were constructed at St. Joseph and Nebraska City, but a project for systematic river improvement was not adopted until August 2, 1882, modified by the River and Har- bor Acts of July 5, 1884, September 19, 1890, and June 13, 1902. For further details see page 1893, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1175, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel of 9-foot depth and width not less than 300 feet, to be obtained by revetment of banks, construction of permeable dikes to contract and stabilize the water- way, cutoffs to eliminate long bends, closing of minor channels, re- moval of snags and dredging as required. Length of section under improvement (upper end of Quindaro Bend to Sioux City) is 376.3 miles. The ordinary fluctuation is about 14 feet and the extreme fluct- uation about 38 feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $220,900,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $3,200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Jan. 21, 1927 Appropriation of $12,000,000 authorized for the exist- H. Doc. 1120, 60th Cong., 2d sess. ing project. July 3, 1930 Appropriation of $15,000,000 additional authorized; additional allotments totaling $29,153,108 were made by the Public Works Administration under the provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act of June 16, 1933, and $9,669,791.92 allotted under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropria- tion Act of Apr. 8, 1935. Aug. 30,1935 For completion of the project from the mouth to H. Doc. 238, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Sioux City, Iowa. MIar. 2, 1945 For a channel of 9-foot depth and 300-foot width- ..... H. Doc. 214, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contains the latest published maps of Missouri River. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Facilities for loading and unloading grain, petroleum products, and other commodities are at various locations of the river. These facilities are listed in the following table: * 1941 adjusted mileage. RIVERS AND HARBORS-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 773 Location Description of facility I Miles above Bank Nearest town mouth 2 Ways for manufacturing and launching floating equip- 670.3 Right___ Blair, Nebr. ment. Temporary terminal with facilities for handling and stor- 640.6 ___do----_ Omaha, Nebr. ing petroleum products. Grain elevator, headhouse, and conveyor_---------------- 632.3 ___do-.-.. Do. Gantry crane and dock, publicly owned----------------- 632.2 ___do- Do. Facilities for unloading and storing molasses -- -_ 631.8 .- _..do - - Do. Dock and warehouse, publicly owned ..-------------------- 608.5 ___do...- Plattsmouth, Nebr. Facilities for unloading and storing molasses. _ 580. 0 ___do -..... Nebraska City, Nebr. Concrete platform and 10-ton derrick with 120-foot boom 579.6 ___do.... Do. for loading and unloading barges, publicly owned. Grain elevator and conveyor ...............--------------------------- 579. 6 ___do.. Do. Sand and gravel transfer .....---- ... __---------....... 579. 6 ___do Do. Grain elevator and conveyor (under construction)- .-. - 551.9 ___do----- Brownville, Nebr. Sand and gravel transfer ..............------------------------------ 514. 5 __do Rulo, Nebr. Temporary oil line to riverbank ....................... 514.4 ___do --- Do. Sand and gravel transfer . .. .....------------------------------ 461.2 Left ...- St. Joseph, Mo. Facilities for loading grain_ ... .. _-------------- - -- 458.3 ___do_.... Do. Sand and gravel transfer ------- __ - -___ 434. 6 ___do _ Atchison, Kans. Do ------------------------------------------- 407.3 Right--_ Leavenworth, Kans. Marine ways and docks.. ------------------------------- ..... 407.2 -do -- Do. Bulk handling facilities_ ---------------------------- 393. 7 -_do-.... Pomeroy, Kans. Facilities for unloading petroleum........----------------------- 387. 5 Left--_-_ Parkville, Mo. 1Privately owned and operated unless otherwise indicated. 2 1941 adjusted mileage. The above-listed facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Promotion of additional facilities at the following locations, as soon as conditions warrant, is contemplated: Sioux City, Sloan, Whiting, Onawa, Blencoe, and Council Bluffs, Iowa; South Sioux City, Decatur, Tekamah, Blair, Omaha, Nebraska City, and Rulo, Neb.; St. Joseph and North Kansas City, Mo.; and Leavenworth and Kansas City, Kans. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: This work consists of construction, by contract, on 75 pile dikes and 26 pile dike extensions totaling 33,634 linear feet, 33 lengths of revetment totaling 49,330 linear feet, and dredging and point removal of 355,162 cubic yards of material in connection with construction at a total cost of $4,346,200; initiation of dredging of pilot canal in Upper Decatur Bend (310,600 cubic yards of material dredged) at a cost of $135,989; payments for land acquisition in the amount of $7,600; construction, by hired labor, of 36 pile dikes totaling 10,100 linear feet, and 3 lengths of revetment totaling 2,795 linear feet at a total cost of $495,726; removal of 6,366 linear feet of existing structures at a total cost of $89,912; acquisition of right-of-way at a cost of $31,507; re- moval of 1,297,410 cubic yards of material from 3 localities in connec- tion with construction by the U. S. Dredge Lewis, and 60,367 cubic yards of material from 1 locality by the U. S. Dredge Chittenden at a total cost of $149,506; minus pending adjustments totaling $20,824. The total cost of new work, including engineering, design, surveys, and supervision and administration, was $5,235,616. Maintenance: This work consisted of construction, by contract, of repair and replacement of 40,287 linear feet of pile dikes and 29,984 linear feet of revetment at a total cost of $1,606,748; the accomplish- ment, by hired labor, of repair or replacement of 26,286 linear feet of 774 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 pile dikes and 64,614 linear feet of revetment, and removal of 54 linear feet of existing structures, at a total cost of $1,124,743; removal of 929,200 cubic yards of material from 6 localities by the U. S. Dredge Lewis, and 383,388 cubic yards of material from 5 localities by the U. S. Dredge Chittenden; removal of 2,075 cubic yards of slag and rock by dragline; removal of 2,080,511 cubic yards of material from 3 localities by the U. S. Dredges Black and Keokuk; dredging 217,630 cubic yards of fill in damaged channel line structures with the U. S. Dredge Chittenden at a total cost of $446,604; real estate management at a cost of $100. Other miscellaneous costs, all charged to main- tenance, were: Stream gaging for special studies and working data at a cost of $19,811; snagging at a cost of $5,226; surveys and mapping at a cost of $51,657; navigation studies at a cost of $40,706; channel reconnaissance and channel marking at a cost of $171,013, plus pending adjustments in the amount of $2,678. The total cost of all main- tenance, prosecuted with regular funds was $3,469,286. The total cost for the fiscal year was $8,704,902, of which $5,235,616 was for new work and $3,469,286 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in fiscal year 1928 and the scheduled completion dates are Sioux City to Omaha fiscal year 1965 and Omaha to Kansas City fiscal year 1961. The work on the entire project Kansas City, Mis- souri to Sioux City, Iowa, was approximately 54 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, based on the present approved estimate of cost. Kansas City to Omaha: The work on this section of the project was approximately 76 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The work remaining to be done to complete this section of the project consists principally of the construction of additional bank stabiliza- tion structures and the strengthening of existing pile structures to improve their effectiveness and to prevent their deterioration prior to final stabilization of the banks. Considerable progress has been made in alleviating the more critical erosion problems caused by se- vere floods, curtailment during World War II, and insufficient funds since the war. A reliable channel suitable for limited navigation is available through this section. The practical draft at ordinary stages of the river is 6 to 61/2 feet, with additional depths available during high stages. Commercial navigation was inaugurated on this sec- tion in May 1939 but was interrupted due to the war from 1942 until October 1946. Omaha to Sioux City: The work between Omaha, Nebr., and Sioux City, Iowa, was approximately 31 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Loss of alinement and progressive destruction of control works continue in over 65 percent of this section of the river, owing to the natural deterioration of the structures as a result of curtailment of work during World War II and inadequate funds for new work and maintenance for a 10-year period following the war. Much of the river has reverted to its original wild state, and bank erosion is severe at many locations. The channel for this section limits drafts to 31/2 feet, prohibiting commercial navigation. The construction, repair and strengthening of structures along the Sioux City waterfront to control a severe bank erosion condition has RIVERS AND HARBORS-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 775 been initiated. Realinement and bank stabilization were started in the vicinity of Decatur, Nebr., where loss of previous control re- quired a complete redesign of the river. The section from Fort Cal- houn to Omaha, Nebr., was improved by the construction of new control structures and the accomplishment of urgently needed reha- bilitation work. Under the existing project for systematic work on the 9-foot chan- nel, the work accomplished includes, 1,323,900 linear feet of revet- ment for permanently fixing the banks, 2,385,124 linear feet of pile dikes, 10,142 linear feet of rock dikes, 143,884 linear feet of abatis, 2,287 linear feet of jetties, recrowning 700 linear feet of an existing levee, 19,218 linear feet of retards for stabilization of channel widths, construction of 5 impermeable structures to close off auxiliary chan- nels, construction of 48,237 linear feet of asphalt revetment, effecting 3 channel cutoffs, and removal of 92,727,514 cubic yards of material dredged from the channel to obtain project depth and width. The total cost of work under the existing project to June 30, 1955, is: Cost New work Maintenance Total Regular funds....._______ __ ________________ _________... $80, 793, 768 $41, 145, 804 $121, 939, 572 Public Works funds .. . ___29, _ ___...................- 038, 236 114, 180 29, 152, 416 Emergency Relief funds_ ____ __________ 9, 613, 073 56, 645 9, 669, 718 Total funds----------------------------- 119, 445, 077 41, 316, 629 160, 761, 706 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- .-..... $3, 750, 000 $4, 000, 000 $4, 223, 000 $3. 500, 000 $6, 300, 000 1$123, 165, 558 Cost ------ _----- - 2, 484, 336 3, 603, 319 5, 959, 473 3,893, 654 5, 235, 616 1122, 031, 694 Maintenance: Appropriated ...----- 3, 373, 500 4, 182, 000 5, 520, 700 3, 251,000 3, 466, 000 2 41, 995, 033 Cost--------------- 3, 111,640 4, 035, 078 6, 136, 140 3, 373, 986 3, 469, 286 2 41, 886, 833 1 Includes $29,038,236.29 National Industrial Recovery Act funds and $9,613,073.19 Emergency Relief funds. Also includes an amount for previous project of $2,586,616.56. 2 Includes $114,180.14 National Industrial Recovery Act funds and $56,644.65 emergency funds. Also includes an amount for previous project of $570,203.93. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $14, 464 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 9, 450, 000 --------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_-------------------------------------- 9,464,464 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________________________ 88, 284, 442 776 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 2. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full renort, June 30, 1955 amount Name of project see Annual required Report for- New work Maintenance to complete Big Sioux River, S. Dak., and Iowa-------------- 1952 ------------.---.--.. 000 $886, Missouri River, Sioux City, Iowa, to Fort Benton, Mont--.--------------------------------- 1948 $3,123,141 $644,863 (1) 1Project complete. 3. FALL RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. Location. The work covered by this project is located in Custer and Fall River Counties, S. Dak., in and near the town of Hot Springs. The Hot Springs unit is in the town of Hot Springs, immediately south of the junction of Cold Brook and Hot Brook which combine to form Fall River; the Cold Brook Reservoir unit is approximately 11/4. miles north of the town of Hot Springs on Cold Brook; and the Cottonwood Springs unit is approximately 41/2 miles west of the town of IHot Springs on Cottonwood Springs Creek, one-half mile upstream from its confluence with Hot Brook. Existing project. The project as authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 18, 1941, is a plan of flood protection on the Fall River and tributaries, South Dakota, substantially in ac- cordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 655, 76th Congress, 3d session. The general plan of improvement provides for the protection from flood damage of the people and property of the town of Hot Springs, S. Dak. The Hot Springs channel improvement unit provides for the widen- ing, deepening, and straightening of the present channel of Fall River from a point near the confluence of Hot Brook and Cold Brook to a point 400 feet below the Eighth Street Bridge or a total distance of approximately 6,000 feet. Clearing of trees, boulders, concrete slabs, and all obstructions to flow is provided for. The Cold Brook Reservoir unit is designed to control an area of 70.5 square miles, and have a capacity of 6,000 acre-feet at spillway crest, with surcharge at maximum pool of 5,114 acre-feet. The fol- lowing features are included: Construction of an earthfill dam with uncontrolled outlet; and uncontrolled reinforced concrete conduit under the dam; and a spillway with a discharge capacity of 85,000 cubic feet per second at maximum pool elevation through solid rock adjacent to the reservoir. The Cottonwod Springs Reservoir unit will control an area of 26 square miles and have a capacity of 6,160 acre-feet at spillway crest with surcharge at maximum pool of 2,114 acre-feet. The following features are included: Construction of an earthfill dam faced up- stream and downstream by dump rock; an uncontrolled reinforced concrete conduit under the dam; and a spillway of 16,100 cubic feet per second capacity at maximum pool elevation through the solid rock right abutment. The (1955) estimated Federal cost is $4,600,000, the estimated local cost (1955) is $138,200. FLOOD CONTROL--OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 777 Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to bear the expense of bridge modifications and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will take such measures as may be necessary to prevent any encroachments upon the flood channel ca- pacities to be provided by the improvements. The assurances of local cooperation for the Hot Springs unit were approved by the Secretary of War, May 18, 1946. Operation and results during fiscal year (regular funds). Con- struction of roads and parking area at Cold Brook Dam was initiated and completed by contract. Preparation of the master plan for reser- voir management and public use development was completed. Pur- suant to Public Law 625, 83d Congress, 2d session, nine claims for damages to wells were received and investigated. These claims, to- gether with the District Engineer's recommendations, were forwarded to higher authority for approval. Total cost for new work for the fiscal year was $11,939. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the Hot Springs unit was completed during fiscal year 1951. The cost of this unit was $1,068,195. Of this amount, $1,063,945 was from regular funds and $4,250 was from contributed funds. Construction of the Cold Brook unit dam and appurtenances was completed in fiscal year 1953 with the exception of a road and parking area which were completed by contract during fiscal year 1955. Preparation of the master plan for the Cold Brook Reservoir management and public use development is complete. Final settlement of claims for damages to wells on the Cold Brook unit is pending. Design memorandum studies required for the Cottonwood Springs Reservoir unit have been deferred. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $2,677,546 of which $2,673,296 was from regular funds and $4,250 contributed funds. The total cost of operation and maintenance activities to the end of the fiscal year was $11,004. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated --------- ..... $400, 000 $425, 000 $425, 000 -$96, 665 -$43, 335 $2, 690, 000 Cost----------------- 578, 075 519, 507 320, 479 12, 610 11, 939 1 2, 673, 296 Maintenance: Appropriated---- .........------------ ------------ ------------ 7, 600 4, 000 11, 600 Cost .....----------- ------------ ------------------------ 6, 804 4, 200 11, 004 1 In addition, the sum of $4,250 was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- .-.----$9, 953 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------- , 953 9------------- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------------- 1, 910, 000 778 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 4. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, OMAHA DISTRICT Location. The flood control improvements included in this project are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River and are located in the States comprising the Missouri River Basin. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth and reservoirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of flood flows at the dam sites. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 28, 1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initiation 75th Cong., 1st sess. and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18,1941 Modified the general comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and Reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr., and authorized $7,000,000 additional expenditure. Dec. 22,1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24,1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17,1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. Sept. 3,1954 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $217,710,000 H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess. additional expenditure. 1 Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. Included in the comprehensive plan are the following projects in the Omaha district: Estimated Project Federal cost Missouri River agricultural levees, Sioux City, Iowa, to Rulo, Nebr--------------------- 1 $42, 800, 000 Oahe Reservoir, S. Dak. and N. Dak _--...__.. . . . . . .....-- -------- 1 321,000,000 Fort Randall Reservoir, S. Dak - ----- ....... ........---------- 1189, 300.000 Gavins Point Reservoir, S. Dak. and Nebr------------------------- 1 53, 000, 000 Big Bend Reservoir, S. Dak .......---------------------------------------------------73, 000, 000 Sioux City, Iowa .... ... ........... 1,300,000 ....--------------------------------------------------- 1 Details presented in individual report. Operations and results during fiscal year. The operations dur- ing the fiscal year, together with costs for those projects on which plans were in preparation, are shown in individual reports. Condition at end of fiscal year. The conditions of the various projects on which work had been initiated are given in individual reports. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 779 Bureau of Reclamation as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. The cost of work under this heading during the fiscal year was $39,144. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . .. . 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated_ _ _ $15, 000 $20, 000 $28, 000 $32, 700 $42, 000 $137, 700 Cost------------------ 12, 393 22, 546 20, 593 38, 952 39, 144 133, 628 5. OAHE RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN S. DAK. AND N. DAK. Location. The Oahe dam site is located on the Missouri River in Hughes and Stanley Counties, S. Dak., about 6 miles northwest of Pierre, S. Dak., and 1,123 miles above the mouth of the river. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 242 feet and reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydroelectric power, and other p)urposes, with a gross storage capacity of 23,600,000 acre-feet at maximum operating pool. It provides for the initial power installa- tion of 2 units nominally rated at 85,000 kilowatts each. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Mis- souri River Basin. The estimated cost (1955) is $321,000,000 for the initial project only, which includes initial power installation only. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year (regular funds). Prepa- ration of plans and specifications continued by hired labor. Nego- tiations for a contract were initiated \vith an architect-engineer firm for preliminary studies on reservoir railroad crossings. Acquisition of reservoir lands was continued. A negotiated contract was entered into with the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad for railroad relocations. The State of South Dakota continued design work for highway relocations under a negotiated design and con- struction contract. Work was initiated on a negotiated contract with the city of Pollock, S. Dak. for relocation of sewer, water, and muni- cipal facilities. Minor negotiated contracts were entered into for relocation of power and telephone lines. A contract was awarded for construction of the flood control shafts substructure. Construc- tion of the embankment and right bank excavation continued under the contract for earthwork stage III. Work was initiated on con- tracts awarded for construction of earthwork stage IV on the left bank and the downstream flood control tunnels and stilling basin on the right bank. Construction was continued on the intakes, upstream flood control tunnels, and bulkhead frames. Work was completed on the administration facilities, circuit breakers, transformers, and coupling capacitor potential device equipment. 780 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $9,612,508. Conditions at the end of the fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in August 1948 and is scheduled for completion in 1963. Work in connection with the preparation of detailed plans was complete. Land acquisition was approximately 3 percent complete. Design of the control shaft superstructure was in progress. A pre- liminary design memorandum was submitted by the State of South Dakota for relocation of U. S. Highway 212 and the Missouri River bridge at Forest City. Design and preparation of plans and specifi- cations for relocation of sewer and water facilities at Mobridge, S. Dak., was initiated. Design studies in connection with earthwork stage V, spillway structure and excavation, power facilities, and rail- road relocations were in progress. The contract for earthwork stage III, which involves approximately 13 million cubic yards of excava- tion, was approximately 85 percent complete. The contract for earth- work stage IV, which involves in excess of 16 million cubic yards of excavation, was approximately 6 percent complete. Excavation of upstream flood control tunnels Nos. 1 and 2 was complete and con- creting in tunnel No. 1 was complete. Contractors for the stilling basin and downstream flood control tunnels had nearly completed assembly of plant facilities and had commenced construction on their respective contracts. A contract was awarded for construction of the flood control shafts substructure. Field surveys were being made to determine the extent of cemetery relocations required. The entire project was approximately 10 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $29,954,040 all of which was accomplished with regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto1951 New work: Appropriated-......... $3, 600, 000 $3, 770, 000 $2, 985, 000 $6, 550, 000 $9,700, 000 $32,605,000 Cost------ --------- 3,273, 823 3,556, 714 872 3,605, 130 4,958, 508 9,612, 954, 29, 040 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _..... $23, 750 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 26, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------------------------------------- 26, 023, 750 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------262, 395, 000 6. FORT RANDALL RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. Location. The Fort Randall Dam site is located on the Missouri River in Charles Mix and Gregory Counties, S. Dak., about 82 miles above Yankton, S. Dak. The site is 922 miles above the mouth of the Missouri River and 162 miles above Sioux City, Iowa. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 160 feet and a reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydroelectric power, and FLOOD CONTROL--OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 781 other purposes, with a gross storage capacity of 6,300,000 acre-feet at maximum operating pool. It provides for the ultimate power in- stallation of 8 units nominally rated at 40,000 kilowatts each. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other pur- poses in the Missouri River Basin. The estimate of cost (1955) is $189,300,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year (regular funds). Prepara- tion of contract plans and specifications by hired labor was continued. A contract for design of the hydroelectric power plant was continued and a contract for design of the railroad bridge across the Missouri River for the relocated Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Rail- road was completed. Acquisition of land was completed with the ex- ception of final court awards and disposal of improvements. A nego- tiated contract with the State of South Dakota for the relocation of South Dakota State Highway No. 47 and U. S. Highways Nos. 16, 18, and 281 was continued. Condemnation proceedings for the relo- cation of county and township roads in Charles Mix County were continued. A negotiated contract with the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad for materials and right-of-way involved in the relocation of railroad facilities in the vicinity of Chamberlain and Oacoma, S. Dak., was continued. Continuing contracts for the relocation of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad at Chamberlain, S. Dak., Stages II-B, IV and V were completed. Negotiated contracts with the owners for the relocation of facilities of the Northwestern Bell Telephone Company, Fort Hale Telephone Company, West Central Electric Cooperative, Central Electric and Gas Company, and city of Chamberlain sewer system were com- pleted. Pursuant to an agreement made with the Bureau of Indian Affairs for the relocation of facilities serving the Crow Creek Indian Reservation, contracts for the relocation of roads A and C and con- struction of sewer and water facilities were completed, and continu- ing contracts initiated for the construction of the elementary school, miscellaneous buildings, and road D. Bank slope protection, sections II and III in the vicinity of Chamberlain, S. Dak., were completed. Earthwork stages IV and V were completed which completes embank- ment and major excavation. Approximately 1,300,000 cubic yards of materials were excavated and approximately 400,000 cubic yards were placed in the embankment. Continuing contracts for the con- struction of spillway stages I and II and for furnishing floating booms, regulating gate and frame, and intake gates were completed. Con- struction of the regulating gate structure was initiated by modication to the powerhouse superstructure contract. A contract for the con- struction of penstocks and surge tanks was continued. The furnish- ing of regulating gate hoist, monorail equipment and stoplogs, and lifting beams and bulkheads for tunnel No. 10 were continued. Fur- nishing trashrack rake and installation of floating booms were com- pleted by contract. Contracts for furnishing trashracks for tunnel No. 10 and embankment seeding were initiated. A continuing con- 782 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tract was initiated for the construction of the crest roadway and public service roads. Contracts for furnishing turbines, generators, governors, power transformers, circuit breakers, and main control boards were continued. Two continuing contracts for circuit break- ers and switchgear were completed. Four additional generators were placed in operation during the year. Contracts for the construction of public service building and roads, parking areas and boat ramps section I were completed. Roads, parking areas and boat ramps section II, and seeding and planting stage IV were initiated by con- tract. Construction of minimum recreation facilities was continued by hired labor and contract. A continuing contract for wildlife habitat planting was continued. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $16,915,338 from regular funds. Operation and maintenance activities included the operation of six generating units of the powerhouse, regulation of the reservoir through operation of the outlet works, training of powerhouse oper- ators, reservoir regulation studies, and miscellaneous items of ordinary repairs and maintenance. The total cost of operation and mainte- nance activities during the fiscal year was $326,908, all from regular funds. Conditions at end of the fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in May 1946 and is scheduled for completion in 1957. Preparation of detailed plans was complete, and preparation of con- tract plans and specifications by hired labor was about 96 percent com- plete. A contract for the design of the hydroelectric power plant was approximately 99 percent complete and a contract for the design of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad bridge was complete. Acquisition of land for the dam and reservoir was complete, however, 322 tracts were still in litigation at the end of the fiscal year. Under the negotiated contract with the State of South Dakota for highway relocation, U. S. Highway Nos. 18 and 281 have been routed across the dam, although surfacing of the road across the dam was in progress by separate contract. The relocation of U. S. Highway No. 16 and two sections of State Highway No. 47 are complete and work was in progress on the final section. The relocation of the Chicago, Milwau- kee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad was complete except for the formal transfer of lands involved. Bank slope protection and relocation of sewer facilities at Chamberlain, South Dakota, were completed. Con- demnation proceedings for relocation of roads in Charles Mix County were in progress. All utility relocations including telephone and power facilities were complete. Earthwork stage V (final earthwork) was complete. The spillway was complete. Continuing contracts for furnishing generators, hydraulic turbines, turbine governors, power transformers, oil circuit breakers, main control boards, main and neutral switchgear, oil-filled pipe cable, and outdoor switchgear were in progress. Six generators were in operation, the sixth unit having gone on the line June 2, 1955. A total of 605,125,000 kilowatt- hours of electricity were produced during fiscal year 1955. Continu- ing contracts for the construction of powerhouse superstructure including the regulating gate structure and penstocks and surge tanks were approximately 92 and 98 percent complete, respectively. Filling FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 783 of the operating or power zone of the pool proceeded as river flows permitted. On June 30, 1955, the pool was at approximate elevation 1340 and a total volume of 3,055,745 acre-feet of water was impounded in the reservoir. The entire project was 95 percent complete. The major items of work remaining on this project are: completion of work in progress described above downstream bank stabilization as needed; permanent service roads and final grading and drainage; and construction of reservoir approach roads and public access facilities. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $180,768,301 for new work and $539,845 for maintenance, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ......... $32, 580, 000 $33, 064, 975 $31, 975, 025 $13, 000, 000 $15, 500, 000 $181, 397, 700 Cost_ --- 23, 966, 599 19, 862, 165 34, 903, 774 35, 843, 461 16, 915, 338 180, 768, 301 Maintenance: Appropriated ....- ------------ -------- ------------ 224, 200 318, 500 542, 700 Cost -_------------ _---- 212, 937 326, 908 539, 845 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _-_ $259, 778 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ 5, 860, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____________________________________ 6, 119, 778 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_________________________________ 2, 042, 300 7. GAVINS POINT RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. AND NEBR. Location. The Gavins Point Dam site is located on the Missouri River in Yankton County, S. Dak., and Knox County, Nebr., about 4 miles upstream from Yankton, S. Dak., and about 846 miles above the mouth of the river. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a concrete and rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 72 feet and a reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydroelectric power, and other purposes, with a gross storage capacity of 540,000 acre-feet at maximum operating pool. It provides for the ultimate power in- stallation of three units nominally rated at 33,333 kilowatts each. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin. The estimate of cost (1955) is $53,000,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. (Regular funds.) Preparation of plans and specifications was continued by hired labor. 363037-55-vol. 2-50 784 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Acquisition of land in the reservoir area was continued. Negotia- tions were continued for relocation of county roads in South Dakota and Nebraska. Negotiations were completed for relocation of tele- phone and power lines. Relocation of the Springfield, S. Dak., sewer was deferred pending decisions as to development of a recreational area proposed by State and local interests. Contracts were awarded for reservoir clearing. Construction continued on the powerhouse substructure, intake structure, spillway, and earthwork stage II. The spillway, intake structure, and powerhouse substructure were essen- tially completed. Preparations were made for diversion of the river in July 1955. Construction of the powerhouse superstructure was initiated. Work was completed on supply contracts for floating boom, trashrack, gantry crane, ice skimmer, monorail, and stop logs. Work continued on supply contracts for turbines, generators, governors, 15 KV transformer leads, 13.8 KV switchgear, 460-V unit type sub- station, main control board, draft tube crane, transformers, and oil circuit breakers. Supply contracts were awarded and construction initiated on the station service control center, machine shop crane, standby generator, switchyard and transformer yard structures, and miscellaneous equipment. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $16,751,164. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the project was initiated in March 1952 and is scheduled for completion in 1958. En- gineering and design was approximately 85 percent complete. De- sign memoranda were being prepared for recreational development of the reservoir area. Construction of the embankment, powerhouse, spillway, and related structures advanced to the stage where diversion can be effected in July 1955. Real estate acquisition was approxi- mately 45 percent complete. Options and condemnation assemblies were being processed for all land required for diversion. Reservoir clearing was approximately 80 percent complete. Work on all major contracts was progressing at a rate satisfactory to meet the scheduled initial power generation date of October 1956. The project as a whole was approximately 60 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $31,- 377,394 all of which was accomplished with regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated......... $200, 000 $2, 000, 000 $7,712,000 $10, 000,000 $12, 300, 000 $32, 680, 785 Cost----------------- 121, 964 463, 085 3,901, 073 9, 728, 086 16, 751, 164 31, 377, 394 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------- $483, 130 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 12, 950, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____________________________________ 13, 433, 130 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------_ 7, 369, 215 FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 785 8. MISSOURI RIVER, KENSLERS BEND, NEBR., TO SIOUX CITY, IOWA Location. This project is located along the Missouri River be- tween Ponca Bend, Nebr., and the combination bridge at Sioux City, Iowa. Existing project. The existing project authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, provides for the construction of dikes, revetments and channel improvement along the Missouri River from Miners Bend and vicinity, S. Dak. and Nebr., to Sioux City, Iowa. The estimated cost of new work under the project (1955) is $11,000,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $161,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work consisted of construction, by contract, of 7 lengths of revetment totaling 19,735 linear feet at a cost of $418,165. Maintenance consisted of repair of 8,181 linear feet of revetment, by contract, and stream gaging by hired labor at a total cost of $89,400. The total cost for the fiscal year was $507,565. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on the project was started in June 1946 and was approximately 42 percent complete on June 30, 1955, based on the present estimate of cost. The project is sched- uled for completion in fiscal year 1961. The physical extent of work accomplished at the end of the fiscal year includes the completion of 550 linear feef of rock dikes, 7,441 linear feet of pile dikes, and 91,537 linear feet of revetment. Construction of control works at the head of the project was started in October 1954 and consist of left bank dikes and right bank revet- ment to direct the flow and prevent bank erosion in the Miners Bend area. The work in this reach of the project was 5 percent complete at the close of the fiscal year. Structures were constructed, repaired, and strengthened along the right bank in Kenslers and Big Sioux Bends and on the left bank in McCook Lake Bend. The completed work is effective in con- trolling the bank erosion and at the close of the fiscal year this reach was approximately 79 percent complete. Erosion is active on the left bank in Upper Sioux City Bend since construction has not been started which will control erosion at this site. The total cost of the project at the end of the fiscal year was $5,- 203,249, of which $4,668,971 was for new work and $534,278 was for maintenance. 786 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-.... . $1, 014, 609 - - $500, 000 $600, 000 $4, 887, 669 Cost_- 554, 116 $505, 590 $403, 291 480, 868 418, 165 4, 668, 971 Maintenance: Appropriated ---- -- 58, 000 70, 000 57, 000 99, 000 88, 400 534, 400 Cost-------_ ---------- 112,894 70,013 56, 625 100,552 89, 400 534, 278 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_-- $752 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 600, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____________________________________ 600, 752 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project______________ __---_-- _ _ _ __ 5, 512, 331 9. SIOUX FALLS, S. DAK. Location. The Sioux Falls, S. Dak., local protection project is located on the Big Sioux River and its tributaries at Sioux Falls, S. Dak. Existing project. The project consists of channel improvement and levees along the Big Sioux River and along the lower one-half mile of Skunk Creek, and diversion headworks, a diversion channel and a concrete diversion chute and stilling basin to carry the diverted flood- waters to the Big Sioux River below the falls. The project was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, in accordance with the recommendations of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors in its report dated March 15, 1954. The estimated cost of the improvement (1955) is $4,410,000 of which $3,840,000 is Federal cost for construction and $570,000 is local costs for lands and relocations. Local cooperation. Section 201 of the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, applies. In addition, local interests are required to provide right-of-way for temporary ponding of interior drainage. Operations and results during the fiscal year. No work has been initiated under this project. Condition at end of the fiscal year. No work has been initiated. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .-__ $400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------------- 400, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ___________--____-_________ 3, 440, 000 10. LITTLE SIOUX RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES, IOWA Location. The project is located along the Little Sioux River and its tributaries, Maple River, West Fork, Wolf Creek, Farmers-Garret- son Ditch, in Harrison, Monona, and Woodbuxy Counties in northwest Iowa. FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 787 Existing project. The project provides for channel straightening and enlargement, construction of levees, and bridge improvements and alterations on the Little Sioux River from the mouth to Smith- land; on Maple River from the mouth to Castana; on Farmers-Gar- retson Ditch from the mouth to the Woodbury-Monona County line; and on West Fork and Wolf Creek from their confluence to the Wood- bury-Monona County line. It also provides for a desilting basin be- tween West Fork and Wolf Creek and a diversion channel from the desilting basin to Little Sioux River, and for enlargement of the outlet of the Monona-Harrison Ditch. A project for flood protection on Little Sioux River, Iowa, authorized by Public Law 341, 80th Con- gress, 1st session, approved August 4, 1947, in accordance with the recommendations in House Document 275, 80th Congress, 1st session, was modified and supplemented substantially in accordance with rec- ommendations of the Chief of Engineers in Senate Document 127, 83d Congress, 2d session, and was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. The estimated cost of the improvement (1955) is $20,160,000 of which $17,300,000 is Federal cost for con- struction and $2,860,000 is local costs for lands, damages, bridge construction, bridge alterations, and relocations of roads, buildings, power and telephone lines, and pipelines. Local cooperation. Section 201 of the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work has been ac- complished during the fiscal year. Conditions at the end of fiscal year. Work on preparation of de- tailed plans and specifications was initiated under the previous authorization at a total cost of $152,100. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-...- -$152,100 Cost----------------- Cost_ $18, 718 $2, 386 $152, 152, 100 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -- $500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____________________________________ 500, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------------------------- 16, 647, 900 11. NORFOLK, ELKHORN RIVER BASIN, NEBR. Location. The Norfolk, Nebr., local protection project is located on the Elkhorn River and its tributaries, the North Branch Elkhorn River and Spring Creek, in northeast Nebraska. Existing project. The project consists of approximately 57,000 feet of levees along the left bank of the Elkhorn River; a leveed diversion channel approximately 10,700 feet in length, east of Norfolk; a gated 788 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 5 diversion structure on the North Branch Elkhorn River; a leveed diversion channel, approximately 2,400 feet long, on Spring Creek near its confluence with the North Branch Elkhorn River; and a levee- inclosed floodway, approximately 7,300 feet long, from the diversion channel downstream to the confluence of the North Branch Elkhorn River and the Elkhorn River. This project is a unit of the plan of improvement for the main stem and certain tributaries of the Elkhorn River for flood control and allied purposes. The project was author- ized by the Food Control Act approved May 17, 1950, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 215, 81st Congress, 1st session. The estimated cost of the improvement (1955) is $3,540,000 of which $2,860,000 is Federal cost for construction and $680,000 is local costs for lands and damages. Local,cooperation. Section 201 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year.-No work has been initiated under this project. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been initiated. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956G__ $25, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------- 25, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------------- ------- __ 2, 835, 000 12. CHERRY CREEK DAM AND RESERVOIR, COLO. Location. The Cherry Creek Dam and Reservoir is located on Cherry Creek in Arapahoe County, Colo., approximately 6 miles south- east of the city of Denver, Colo. Cherry Creek joins the South Platte River within the city limits of Denver. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled earthfill dam with maximum height of 140 feet above the stream bed and 14,300 feet in length. The project includes a reinforced concrete outlet works and an uncontrolled side channel spillway canal discharging into the adjacent Toll Gate Creek, thus bypassing the city of Denver. The Cherry Creek project provides reservoir storage capacity of 95,000 acre-feet below the spillway canal invert and surcharge storage of 136,400 acre-feet above this elevation. Initial plan for operation is for flood control only. The plan of operation in the ultimate develop- ment for multiple purpose uses includes 10,000 acre-feet for sediment storage, 85,000 acre-feet for conservation purposes, and surcharge storage for flood control purposes. The estimated cost of the initial project for flood control only (1955) is $14,623,870. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 789 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 18,1941 The initiation and partial accomplishment of the H. Doc. 426, 76th Cong., 1st sess. project. Dec. 22, 1944 Completion of the plan approved in the act of Aug. 18, Do. 1941. Do ...... General comprehensive plan, Missouri River Basin.. H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year (regular funds). This project, with the exception of minor completion items, was completed June 30, 1953. Preparation of a design memorandum for the instal- lation of a hydrologic reporting network is in progress. Litigation to establish equitable payment for certain tracts of reservoir land and flowage rights was continued. The total cost of new work for the fis- cal year was $22,267. Operation and maintenance activities included the administration of the project area; continuation of sediment studies and stream gaging activities; and continuation of miscellaneous items of ordinary repairs, maintenance, improvements, and reconstruction. The total cost of operation and care activities during the fiscal year was $36,128. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in fiscal year 1943 and all remaining minor items of work are scheduled for completion by June 1956. Final litigation to establish equitable payment for certain tracts of reservoir land and flowage rights is still pending. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $14,588,482. The total cost of operation and maintenance was $141,415, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------......... $216, 708 - -- $35, 000 -$5, 000 $56, 600 $14, 623, 870 Cost ----------------- 361,626 $56,373 21, 154 1, 707 22,267 14,588, 482 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... 20, 000 27, 000 30, 000 33, 700 34, 000 144, 700 Cost_----10, 099 24,352 21,297 47,605 36, 128 141, 415 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30,1955 $35, 388 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ _ -------------------- --------------- 35, 388 13. SOUTH PLATTE RIVER, COLO. Location. The flood control improvements included in this project are located along the South Platte River, all within the limits of the State of Colorado. 790 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Existing project. The project for flood control and related pur- poses on the South Platte River, Colo., provides for a dam and reser- voir on the South Platte River at the mouth of Plum Creek, about 8 miles southwest of Denver; a continuous agricultural levee system along both banks of the river from below the dam to the south city limits of Denver, and from the north city limits of Denver to 1 mile below the mouth of St. Vrain Creek; and channel improvements and intermittent levees on the South Platte River between St. Vrain Creek and Fort Morgan, Colo. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 669, 80th Congress, 2d session, which contains the latest published map of the South Platte River Basin. The act authorized $26,300,000 for partial accomplishment of the work described in House Document 669. Included are the following projects: Estimated Federal cost Chatfield Reservoir, Colo__________________________________ 1955 1 $34, 200, 000 Levees and channel improvements, Chatfield Reservoir to Fort Morgan, Colo_ 1954 2 31, 800, 000 1 Details presented in individual report. 2 To be restudied. 14. CHATFIELD RESERVOIR, SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN, COLO. Location. The Chatfield Reservoir Project, Colo., is located on the South Platte River in northeast Colorado, approximately 8 miles southwest of the city of Denver. Existing project. The project consists of an earthfill dam approxi- mately 132 feet high with a gross storage capacity of 200,000 acre-feet. This project is a unit of the plan of improvement for the main stem and certain tributaries of the South Platte River for flood control and allied purposes. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 669, 80th Congress, 2d session. The act authorized $26,300,000 for partial accomplishment of the work described in House Document 669. The estimated cost for new work (1955) is $34,200,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary contacts, office studies, minor fieldl investigations and cooperatives studies with Federal, State, and local agencies were initiated. A preliminary gross appraisal of the real estate was completed. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $9,887. Conditionat end of the fiscal year. Preliminary planning was initi- ated. The total cost incurred to the end of the fiscal year was $9,887. FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 791 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated - ---- ------------ $11, 000 $11, 000 Cost---------.......------------ ------------------..._ 9,887 9,887 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 __ - -- - $1, 113 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 10, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __-- -- 11, 113 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------ _ 34, 179, 000 15. SOUTH PLATTE RIVER LEVEES AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS, CHATFIELD RESERVOIR TO FORT MORGAN, COLO. Location. The flood control improvements included in this project are located along the South Platte River, all within the limits of the State of Colorado. Existing project. The project for flood control on the South Platte River, Colo., provides for a continuous levee system along both banks of the river from below the authorized Chatfield Dam to the south city limits of Denver, and from the north city limits of Denver to 1 mile below the mouth of St. Vrain Creek; and channel improvements and intermittent levees on the South Platte River between St. Vrain Creek and Fort Morgan, Colo. This project is a unit of the plan of improve- ment for the main stem and certain tributaries of the South Platte River for flood control and allied purposes. The project was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 669, 80th Congress, 2d session. The act authorized $26,300,000 for partial accomplishment of the work described in House Document 669. The estimated cost for new work (1954) is $31,800,000. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved Decem- ber 22, 1944, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work has been ini- tiated under this project. Conditionsat end of fiscal year. No work has been initiated. 16. MISSOURI RIVER AGRICULTURAL LEVEES, SIOUX CITY, IOWA, TO THE MOUTH (SIOUX CITY, IOWA, TO RULO, NEBR.) Location. The Missouri River rises in southwestern Montana and flows generally southeasterly 2,464.4 miles across or along seven States to a confluence with the Mississippi River 17 miles above St. Louis, Mo. The project covers only the portion from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth or approximately 760 miles of the river. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a series of levee units and appurtenant works along both sides of the Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth, for the protection of agri- 792 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 cultural lands and small communities against floods. The estimate of cost for that portion of the project from Sioux City, Iowa, to Rule, Nebr. (1955) is $48,000,000, of which $42,800,000 is Federal cost for construction and $5,200,000 is local cost for lands and damages. This cost includes funds necessary to connect one unit of this project to the authorized Hamburg, Iowa, project on the Nishnabotna River. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Aug. 18,1941 Levees along both sides of the river from Sioux City H. Doc. 821, 76th Cong., 3d sess. to Kansas City. Dec. 22, 1944 Extended project from Kansas City to the mouth and H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; provided for increased protection. S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doec. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved De- cember 22, 1944, applies. Units on which construction has been completed have been turned over to local interests and local coopera- tion requirements are being fulfilled in accordance with formal assurances previously furnished. Local interests have either fur- nished, or have indicated that they will fuinish, assurances of the required cooperation for units that are programed for construction. Operations and results during the fiscal year (regular funds). Preparation of revised design memoranda for units R-616 and L-614 was continued. Surveys and borings in connection with the prepara- tion of a design memorandum for unit R-520 were initiated. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $126,222. Conditionat end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in fiscal year 1948 and is scheduled for completion in 1968. Construction is complete on all units for which construction funds have been appropriated. Engineering and design on the entire proj- ect is about 66 percent complete. The entire project is approximately 29 percent complete, based on the present approved estimate of cost. The total Federal cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $13,992,184, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ..... $1, 615, 000 $768, 100 $179, 000 $25, 000 $50, 000 $13, 992, 450 Cost--------------- 2, 593, 247 720, 331 848, 240 550, 335 126, 222 13, 992, 184 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_-- $266 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -- 40, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending _ June 30, 1956---------------------------------------_ 40, 266 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--_----- 28, 767, 550 FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 793 17. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to full report, June 30, 1955 Estimated Name of project see Annual amount Reportrequired for- Construction Operation and to complete maintenance Battle Creek, Elkhorn River, Nebr ........------------- 11952 .................... $353, 000 Belle Fourche, Cheyenne River, S. Dak .__--_ 1940 $37, 410 .-.- ______-- (2) Big Bend Reservoir, Missouri River Basin .- -__ 1952 73, 000, 000 Boulder, Colo .. 1952 ._........ .... 580, 000 Castlewood Dam and Reservoir, Cherry Creek and tributaries, Colo-_ _-_ ____ __ 1943 56, 721 ..-------------- (3) Council Bluffs, Iowa (act of 1936) --------------- 1939 325 (2) Council Bluffs, Iowa (act of 1944) --- 1954 2, 557, 680 ---- (4))------ Denison, East Fork of Boyer River, Iowa ___---_ 1949 4, 300-------------- (3) Disaster operation "Snowbound" __-___-- -___ 1952 7, 005, 939 -__-----__ - (4) Erie, Colo_ __ 1952 ------ - -- ------------. 65, 000 Giles Creek, Elkhorn River, Nebr -- -- 11952 __------- 520, 000 Herreid, Spring Creek, S. Dak_ 1954 50, 216--__-----__--_ (4) Missouri River, Niobrara, Nebr----------_ ---- 1945 99, 370 $5, 633 (4) Morrison, Bear Creek, Colo - - 1950 30, 000 (5) Nishnabotna River at Hamburg, Iowa ...-- - - _ 1948 236, 000 ----------- (4) Omaha, Nebr_ 1954 5, 896, 374 -.-.-....---- (4) Pierce, Elkhorn River, Nebr_- - 11952 __---------_------- ... 225, 000 Platte River near Schuyler, Nebr __ 1948 74, 940 -- (4))---------__ Sioux City. Missouri River Basin, Iowa . ....... 1950 1, 215 , 298, 785 1______ Waterloo, Elkhorn River, Nebr ._-...... __.__ _ -11952 - ____--------------_-_113, 000 West Point, Elkhorn River, Nebr-_----.___-_ 11952 .------..------- ....-------------- 165, 000 1 Reported in 1952 as "Elkhorn River Basin, Omaha district." 2 Completed as a Public Works Administration project. 3 Inactive. . 4 Project complete. Deferred for restudy. 18. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORKS Inspections of completed flood protection projects constructed with Federal funds in the Omaha District are made in accordance with Federal regulations to assure that the works are being properly op- erated and maintained and are in readiness to perform their mission at all times. Inspection of completed works during the fiscal year 1955 consisted of inspection of the following local flood protect ion projects: Project Inspection cost Spring Creek At Herreid, S. Dak_---------------------------------------------------- $50 Belle Fourche, Cheyenne River, S. Dak---..-------.......---.......--------------------------.... 110 Fall River Basin, S. Dak. (Hot Springs channel improvement)--------------- __---------.125 City of Aurora, Westerly Creek, Colo _--____ -__--... --___-..------ -........ 156 Platte River Basin near Schuyler, Nebr .............------------------------------------------------ 40 Omaha, Missouri River Basin, Nebr ------------------------------------------------ 650 Council Bluffs, Missouri River Basin, Iowa .....- . ..............------------- 375 Missouri River agricultural levees_ ------------------------------ _ 1, 226 Total inspection cost-.-------------------..------------------ ......-----------------. 2, 732 The total cost during the fiscal year was $2,732. 794 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ---......---.. $1, 700 ....------------ $2, 000 $3, 000 $3, 000 $9, 700 Cost___------------------ 234 $1, 466 2, 000 3, 000 2, 732 9, 432 19. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank protection (Sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Minor completion items on the pile dike protecting the River Road at Sioux City, Iowa, were completed at a total cost of $589. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ......- -$5, 905------------ $85, 000 -$7, 019 -$3, 209 $1, 099, 986 Cost------------------ 6, 972 --- 27, 981 46, 202 589 1,099, 986 S m all flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Costs were incurred on the following projects during the fiscal year: Buffalo Creek, vicinity of Scranton, N. Dak. Preparation of a project report on the flood problem along Buffalo Creek. Work was initiated in fiscal year 1953 and continued during fiscal year 1955 at a cost of $950. Aurora, Westerly Creek, Colo. Construction of a detention dam and reservoir for the flood protection of Aurora, Colo. Work was initiated in fiscal year 1953 and completed during fiscal year 1955. The total cost incurred during the fiscal year was $3,464. Union Creek, S. Dak. Preparation of a project report on the flood problem along Union Creek. Work was initiated in fiscal year 1955. Due to the inability of local interests to provide the required local cooperation, work on the project has been suspended. Total Federal cost incurred during the fiscal year was $695. The total cost incurred during the fiscal year was $5,109. FLOOD CONTROL---OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 795 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.........-------- ----- $35, 500 $152, 500 $14, 716 $2, 000 $204, 716 Cost ................. -------- 5,661 11,623 180,580 5,110 202, 974 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $1, 742 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------------- 1, 742 Emergency flood control activities (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Con- trol Act and supplemental authorizations). The following work was performed during the fiscal year: Repair of damage to privately owned levees caused by floods in June 1.954 on the Little Sioux River and Big Sioux River in Iowa, the Ver- million River in S. Dak., and along Omadi Ditch in Nebraska. Com- pletion of repairs to levees, sewers, and drainage structures in Omaha and Council Bluffs, damaged by the 1952 flood. The total cost of work performed during the fiscal year was $299,056. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated-_... _.- $464, 094 $4, 974, 225 $5, 763, 975 $273, 000 $157, 450 $14, 270, 472 Cost.------------- --- 243, 878 4, 864, 841 4, 796, 536 1, 468, 276 299, 056 114, 269, 218 1 In addition, the sum of $40,838 was expended from contributed funds and $100,000 under authority of Sec. 9 of the 1936 Flood Control Act. 20. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Flood control studies: Preliminary examinations and survey re- ports were under preparation by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $56,100. Funds remaining, amounting to $86, plus the allot- ment of funds for fiscal year 1956, will be applied during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 to the continuation of work on survey re- ports presently assigned to the district. 21. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Storm studies, hydrologic studies, and sediment studies, all of minor scope were continued during the fiscal year. Studies were confined to analysis of basic data for tributary streams and their basins. The cost of this work was $4,802. FLOOD CONTROL IMPROVEMENTS IN THE GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of northwestern, southwestern, and south central North Dakota, a small portion of northwestern South Dakota, northeastern Wyoming, and southeastern Montana. It includes the watershed of the Missouri River and its tributaries between the mouth of the Yellowstone River (N. Dak.) and the North Dakota-South Dakota State line and that portiton of the James River Basin lying in North Dakota. IMPROVEMENTS Flood control Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Missouri River Basin, Gar- 7.Inspection of completed proj- rison District- _ 797 ects- 803 2. Garrison Reservoir, Missouri 8. Flood control work under River Basin, N. Dak_ .. 798 special authorization_ 803 3. Mandan, N. Dak____ 801 Lower Heart River, N. Dak_ General investigations 4. 802 5. Marmarth, N. Dak ...... 802 9. Examination and surveys___ 805 6. Other authorized flood con- 10. Collection and study of basic trol projects____________ 803 data- 805 1. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, GARRISON DISTRICT Location. The flood control improvements included in this project are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the prin- cipal tributaries of the Missouri River. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth and reservoirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of flood flows at the dam sites. The existing project was authorized by the following flood control acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 28,1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee, Dec. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initiation 75th Cong., 1st sess. and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18,1941 Modified the General comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and Reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr. and authorized $7,000,000 for additional expenditure. Dec. 22,1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24,1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17, 1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. Sept. 3,1954 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $217,710,000 H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess. additional expenditure. 1 Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. 797 798 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Included in the comprehensive plan are the following projects in the Garrison district: Estimated Project Federal cost Garrison Reservoir, N. Dak....-------------------------------------------------- $274, 000, 000 Operations during the fiscal year. The operations performed dur- ing the fiscal year 1955 for projects on which work was underway are given in the individual reports. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reser- voirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation, as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. The costs during the fiscal year under this heading were $10,251. A balance of $879 is available for further work in connection with the scheduling of flood control reservoir operations. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated $6, 500 $3, 000 $3, 000 $12, 000 $11, 000 $35, 500 Cost .........---------------- 6, 500 875 1, 997 14, 998 10, 251 34, 621 2. GARRISON RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, N. DAK. Location. The Garrison dam site is located on the Missouri River in McLean and Mercer Counties, N. Dak., about 11 miles south of Garrison, N. Dak., and 9 miles west of Coleharbor, N. Dak. The site is 1,455.0 (1941 adjusted river miles) miles above the mouth of the river and 77 miles above Bismarck, N. Dak. Existing project. The project plan provides for the construction of a dam and reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydro- electric power, and other purposes. The dam will be a rolled earthfill structure with a crest length of 11,300 feet and a maximum height of 210 feet. The spillway will be controlled by 28 tainter crest gates, 29 feet high and 40 feet long, located in the east abutment. Reinforced concrete outlet works, containing 5 power tunnels and 3 flood-control tunnels, will be located in the west abutment. A hydroelectric power- generating plant will be located adjacent to the outlet works. The reservoir will have a gross storage capacity of 23,000,000 acre-feet for multiple purpose use including 4,900,000 acre-feet as dead storage. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other FLOOD CONTROL--GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 799 purposes in the Missouri River Basin. The estimated cost for the initial project, which includes initial power installation of three 80,000-kilowatt units and initial protection in the vicinity of Willis- ton, N. Dak., but is exclusive of diversion into the Dakotas, is $274,- 000,000 (July 1955). The estimated cost for power units 4 and 5 is $20,000,000 (July 1955). Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. ($24,000 contributed by local interests specifi- cally for the construction of the New Town School.) Operations and results during the fiscal year. Surveys, founda- tion explorations, and engineering studies were continued throughout the fiscal year. Design memoranda were completed for Little Muddy Creek bridge, section IV of east abutment grouting, surfacing of road over dam and adjacent parking areas, tree planting, and additional access roads. Plans and specifications were completed for Little Muddy Creek bridge, approaches to Sanish Bridge, stage II, schedules B, C, D, and E of reservoir clearing, sections III and IV of east abut- ment grouting, spillway stilling basin, tree planting, and 12.5-kilovolt connection to spillway. Negotiations were initiated, continued, or completed for a number of utilities, roads, railroads, and other reloca- tion items. Construction features completed during the fiscal year included: relocation of Indian reservation roads; paving of U. S. 83 over the Snake Creek subimpoundment structure; relocation of Soo Railroad tracks over the Snake Creek embankment; relocation of N. W. Bell Telephone facilities in McLean and Mountrail Counties; relocation of Indian Agency utilities; relocation of Indian Agency buildings; fabrication of gates for the conduit under Snake Creek embankment; clearing-stage II, schedule A of reservoir clearing; channel for flows from relief wells; section II of east abutment grouting; trash racks; storage batteries; two-300 ton cranes; oil circuit breakers; and a number of items of permanent operating equipment. In addition to work completed, the following work items were ini- tiated or carried on throughout the year: McKenzie County roads, Williams County roads; North Dakota Highways (contract No. 1) ; Sanish Bridge superstructure; schedules B, C, D, and E of stage II of reservoir clearing; spillway structure and gates; lot 3 of concrete aggregates; powerhouse and switchyard; stage V (final) of the main embankment; section III of east abutment grouting; spillway stilling basin; spillway monorail hoist; penstocks and surge tanks; replace- ment of wildlife habitat; turbines; generators; main control switch- boards; station switchgear and transformers; 15-kilovolt switchgear and generator leads; carrier current equipment; main and auto trans- formers; oil filled pipe cable system; tree planting; 12.5-kilovolt con- nection to spillway; a number of items of permanent operating equip- ment; and construction facilities. Preparation of engineering data, tract maps, appraisal reports, oil impairment estimates, court actions for acquisition of lands in the reservoir area were carried on through- out the fiscal year. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $31,867,691, from regular funds. 363037-55-vol. 2- 51 800 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operation and maintenance. The reservoir, in this first year of partial operation, was utilized for flood control, as an aid to naviga- tion on the Missouri River, and for storage. Releases were used to maintain navigation, produce hydroelectric power at downstream plants, and serve downstream municipalities in the interest of water supply and stream sanitation. Pool was used to some extent for recreational purposes, boating, fishing, etc. Total releases from the reservoir amounted to approximately 14,883,000 acre-feet, which is about equal to a mean average annual flow of 20,400 cubic feet per second. In addition to nearly full operation of the intake structure and partial operation and maintenance of the reservoir, dam, tunnels, and Snake Creek embankment, a partial program of sediment studies, a study of experimental releases, and a basin wide reservoir regulation study was accomplished. A manual, Rules and Regulations Govern- ing Public Use of Garrison Reservoir Area, was published. Total cost of operation and maintenance for the fiscal year was $122,987. Condition at end of fiscal year. In addition to completion of con- tract plans and specifications listed under operations and results dur- ing the fiscal year, design memoranda, and preparation of plans and specifications are under way for Williams County roads-bridges, protective works-Williston, protective works-Lewis and Clark irriga- tion district, reservoir clearing-stage III, east abutment grouting-sec- tion IV, roads and parking areas, and permanent operating equipment. Negotiations, plans, and specifications are in progress for a number of relocation features. Preliminary work has been initiated for de- sign memoranda on power units 4 and 5. A program of sedimenta- tion studies and degradation investigations is being continued. Field investigations and laboratory tests for determination of foundation consolidation, action of structures, and embankment materials are in progress. Permanent work on the initial project is approximately 85 percent complete. The percentage of completion of major features at the end of the fiscal year is as follows: Percent Features complete Lands and damages ------------------------------------ ------ -- 87 Relocations---- --------------------- 60 Roads---------------------------------------------------- 87 Railroads-------------------- 96 Cemeteries, utilities, structures_-------------------__ 26 Reservoir and pool preparation__------------------------------------62 Dam---------------- -------------------------------------- 91 Power plant----- ------------------- 91 Powerhouse-- ---------------------------------- ----------- 92 Turbines and generators_________------ ---- _90 Switchyard, accessory, and miscellaneous_______-- - ______- 91 Roads, railroads, and bridges ------------------------------------ 67 Recreation facilities- --------------------------- 20 Buildings, grounds, and utilities____------------- -- -. 97 Permanent operating equipment_______________ - 49 Engineering and design----.- - 88 Total cost of new work to June 30, 1955 was $234,795,220 from regu- lar funds, and $24,000 from contributed funds. The total cost of operation and maintenance to the end of the fiscal year was $122,987. FLOOD CONTROI---GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 801 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-.-.-.---$30, 969, 000 $37, 083, 700 $30, 848, 000 $27, 500, 000 $30, 000,000 1 $236, 680, 700 Cost--.....------ 29, 045, 251 25, 801, 808 32, 125, 643 42, 699, 677 31,867, 691 234, 795, 220 Maintenance: Appropriated--------... ..... ---- ------------------------------------ 122, 500 122, 500 Cost_-------- ----------------------- ------------------------ 122, 987 2 122, 987 1 Exclusive of $24,000 contributed funds. Includes loan of $5,000,000 subject to repayment. 2 Excess of cost over amount appropriated due to inclusion of retroactive pay increase. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ - - - - - Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -. $341, 183 20, 100, 000 - Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------- 20, 441, 183 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------------- 17, 219, 300 3. MANDAN, N. DAK. Location. This project is located on both banks of the Heart River at Mandan,N. Dak. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of levees and appurtenant works along the left bank of the Heart River for the protection of municipal areas and along the right bank of the Heart River for the protection of the State Training School. The existing project was authorized in the Flood Control Act ap- proved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 294, 79th Cong., 1st sess.), by the Third Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1949, approved October 10, 1949, and as modified by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost of improvement (July 1955) is $691,000, of which $552,000 is Federal cost for construction and $139,000 is local cost for lands and damages. Local cooperation. Local interests have met the requirements of local cooperation in connection with the levee project. Assurances in connection with interior drainage facilities were furnished by letter dated June 2, 1955. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Preparation of de- sign memorandum and plans and specifications are underway for in- terior drainage facilities. The total cost during the fiscal year was $3,052. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of levees and appur- tenant facilities is complete. Operation manual and record drawings for this portion of the project are also finished. Design memoran- dum ar l plans and specifications for interior drainage are about 85 percent complete. 802 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated _ _.......-..... ...... _ - ................ -$71, 556 556 $71, $551, 700 Cost- - - - $22,162 $1,902 _ $1,467 ........... 3,052 483,196 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $68, 504 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year: ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------------68, 504 4. LOWER HEART RIVER, N. DAK. Location. This project is located on both banks of the Heart River in the 14-mile reach extending upstream from the mouth of the river. It is in the vicinity of Mandan, N. Dak. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for raising the present Mandan levees, provides a closure levee extending from U. S. Highway 10 to high ground upstream (west) from Mandan, and provides for channel improvement and levee construction down- stream (east) of Mandan. Improvement will increase protection to the city of Mandan and the State Training School and will provide protection for two additional areas which are rural in development. The project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) The esti- mated cost of improvement (July 1955) is $2,396,000, of which $1,870,000 is Federal cost of construction and $426,000 is local cost. Local cooperation. Local officials have indicated that assurances of local cooperation will be forthcoming. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Project was author- ized September 3, 1954. No funds were provided. No work was accomplished during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year was zero. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. No work has been initiated. 5. MVIARMARTH, N. DAK. Location. On the left bank of the Little Missouri River at Mar- marth, N. Dak. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the rais- ing and extending of the present inadequate levees. Approximately 11,000 feet of levee are to be built which will provide the city of Mar- marth with virtually complete protection against floods. The project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) The esti- mated cost of improvement (July 1955) is $245,000, of which $240,000 is Federal cost of construction and $5,000 is local cost principally for lands and damages. FLOOD CONTROL--GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 803 Local cooperation. Local interests have indicated that require- ments of local cooperation will be met. The city already owns con- siderable portion of the necessary rights-of-way. Operationand results during the fiscal year. Project was authorized September 3, 1954. No funds were provided. No work has been accomplished during the fiscal year. The total cost, during the fiscal year was zero. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. No work has been initiated. 6. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full report, June 30, 1955 amount Name of project see Annual required Reportrequired for- New work Maintenance to complete 1. Jamestown Reservoir, N. Dak-----............... 1950 $40, 000 . . (1) I Reservoir constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation. 7. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Inspection of completed works during the fiscal year in the Gar- rison district consisted of inspection of the following local flood- protection project: Project Inspection cost .. ........ Mandan levee, Mandan, N. Dak___ ___ .__-... __-.. .... .. .. ....... $218 The total cost during the fiscal year was $218. The unexpended balance of $50 is available for further work under this heading. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated___-__ -$500 - $500 $300 $100 $1,400 Costrop- ......... 230 $249 106 547 218 1,350 8. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Funds were allotted in May 1955. Office studies to determine extent of clearing needed on the Heart River at Belfield, N. Dak. were initiated. Cost for the fiscal year was $30. Unexpended balance of $470 will be utilized to complete studies and submit report. 804 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-----------------------......... ---------------------------......... $500 $500 ---------------------------------- Cost----------............-----...... 30 30 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------- ------------------------------------- $470 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Funds were allotted in December 1954 for investigation and report on feasibility of flood control on Beaver Creek at Linton, N. Dak. Preparation of report was completed during the fiscal year. Cost of work during the fiscal year was $6,019. Balance of funds unexpended, $1,881 can be profitably utilized to initiate preparation of plans and specifications for this project. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total toJune 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: ------------------------------------------------ Appropriated......... $7,900 $7,900 .................. Cost-------- ----------------------------------------------- 6,019 6,019 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _-------_ - $1,881 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------------ ------------------------------ 1,881 (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental author- izations). Work was performed during the fiscal year at the following costs. Flood fighting and rescue work---------------------------- --- $853 Advance preparation for flood emergencies-------------- -----_ 2,426 Total----- -- ---------------------------------------3,279 Balance of $99 can be profitably expended for continuance of this work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total toJune 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ....... $141, 30 $10, 000 $80, 000 --- $3, 298 $384, 506 Cost-----------------..................- 136, 972 14, 558 77, 068 $2, 931 3, 279 384, 407 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 805 9. EXAMINATION AND SURVEYS-FLOOD CONTROL STUDIES The cost of work on examinations and surveys for the fiscal year was $9,929. The unexpended balance on June 30, 1955, was $1,071. In addition to this unexpended balance, funds in the amount of $22,000 can be profitably expended for the continuation of work on examinations and surveys presently assigned to this office. 10. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Preparation of nonprofit studies pertaining to relationship between rainfall and resulting runoff, analysis of past floods and related hydro- logic studies were completed at a cost of $805. Balance unexpended of $1,047 is available for further work in this category. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT This district comprises all of Montana east of the continental divide except the Little Missouri River watershed; the small portions of western North Dakota embraced in the watersheds of Yellowstone River, and Big Muddy Creek; and northern Wyoming embraced in the drainage basin of the Missouri River and tributaries above the mouth of the Yellowstone River, inclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Missouri River at Fort Peck, 8. Greybull, Yellowstone River, Mont___---___-- 807 Wyo_ -------------- - 815 2. Other authorized navigation 9. Other authorized flood con- projects-------------- 810 trol projects-------------816 Flood control 10. Inspection of completed proj- ects- - - 816 3. Missouri River Basin, Fort 11. Flood control work under Peck district------------ 810 special authorization ----- 817 4. Havre Milk River, Mont___ 811 5. Saco, Mont --------------- 812 General investigations 6. Billings, Yellowstone River, Mont_ _ 813 12. Examinations and surveys.. 818 7. Sheridan, Yellowstone River, 13. Collection and study of basic Wyo ------------------- 814 data----------- -------- 818 1. MISSOURI RIVER AT FORT PECK, MONT. Location. The site of the Fort Peck Reservoir is in the Missouri River Valley in McCone, Valley, Garfield, Phillips, Petroleum, and Fergus Counties, Mont. The dam site is approximately 11 miles above the mouth of the Milk River in sections 14, 15, 16, 21, and 22, T. 26 N., R. 41 E. The west (left) abutment is in Valley County and the east (right) abutment is in McCone County. Nearest towns are Glasgow, 17 miles northwest, and Nashua, 9 miles north. Existing project. The project provides for construction of an earth dam and powerplant for impounding water for the improvement of navigation on the Missouri River, Sioux City to the mouth, for the production of power, and for flood control, irrigation and related uses, as a unit in the main stem system of reservoirs. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1955) is $159,100,000. Detailed data re- garding the project are as follows: Description Location, miles above mouth of Missouri River--- ______---1, 868. 7 Concrete spillway in right abutment, discharge capacity (second- feet) --------------------------------------------------- 250, 000 Height of main dam above streambed (feet) __- ____250. 5 Height of crest stone above streambed (feet) --------------- 250. O0 Elevation of crest stone (feet, mean sea level) ------------------ 2, 280. O0 807 808 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Description Tunnels for releasing water from reservoir (4), diameter (feet) ... 24'8" Powerplant-initial installation, one 35,000-kilowatt unit and one 15,000-kilowatt unit (kilowatts) ------------------------------ 50, 000 Powerplant--present installation, two 35,000-kilowatt units and one 15,000-kilowatt unit (kilowatts) ------------ -- 85, 000 Powerplant-installation presently planned: two 35,000-kilowatt units, one 15,000-kilowatt unit and two 40,000-kilowatt units (kilowatts)--------------------------------------------- 165,000 Maximum pool level (feet, mean sea level) ___-- ---- _------ 2, 250 Normal pool level (feet, mean sea level) ------------------------ 2, 246 Crest length of dam (feet) ------------------------------------ 21, 026 Maximum storage capacity (acre-feet) ------------------------ 19, 412, 000 Maximum surface area of reservoir (acres) --------------------- 245, 000 Maximum length of reservoir (miles) --------------------------- 189 Clear width of reservoir (miles) -------------------------------- 16 Normal operating storage capacity (acre-feet) ----------------- 18, 400, 000 Total construction cost of project (estimated) (July 1955) ------- 159, 100, 000 Annual operation and maintenance cost (estimated) (July 1955)... 590, 000 Date construction started, Oct. 23, 1933 Date of completion, June 30, 1961 (estimated) Datum-mean sea level (1929 adjustment, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey). The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,19351 Construction of earth dam__.....________ ______ IH. Doc. 238, 73d Cong., 2d sess. May 18,1938 Completion, maintenance, and operation of a hydro- (Specified in act.) electric powerplant, subject to certain provisions contained in the act respecting the transmission and sale of electric energy. This act also authorizes the installation of additional power generating facilities by the Secretary of War when deemed necessary in the judgment of the Bureau of Rec- lamation. Dec. 22,19443 Modified authorization to provide for full multiple H. Doc. 475, S. Doc. 191 and S. purpose operation. Doc. 247, all of 78th Cong., 2d sess. June 3, 19484 Payments to be made to school districts serving proj- (Specified in act.) ectas reimbursement for educational facilities (in- cluding transportation to and from school) to pupils who are dependents of persons engaged in the construction, operation, and maintenance of the project. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program in 1933. 2 Pub. Law 529, 73d Cong., 3d sess. 8Pub. Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess. 4 Pub. Law 586, 80th Cong.. 2d sess. Maps showing transportation facilities, power-market area, power- plants, etc., are contained in Senate committee print, 75th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operation and results during the fiscal year. New work accom- plished during the fiscal year included continuing the contract for the preparation of final designs and plans and specifications for the second powerplant; and miscellaneous hired labor planning and construction work on the first powerplant, dam, tunnels, spillway, recreational fa- cilities, and planning and exploratory work for the second powerplant. The total cost of new work was $225,315, all regular funds. Operations and maintenance: The reservoir was operated through- RIVERS AND HARBORS---FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 809 out the fiscal year for the maintenance of navigation on the Missouri River, and incidental purposes of flood control and hydroelectric power production. Releases for these purposes also served the needs for water supply and sanitation along the river below the dam. Total releases from the reservoir amounted to about 8,732,100 acre-feet, equivalent to a mean annual flow of about 12,000 cubic feet per second. The gross electric energy produced by the three generating units amounted to 554,485,000 kilowatt-hours. The net electric energy generated, exclusive of power for station use, was 553,435,300 kilowatt- hours. In addition to the operation and maintenance of the reservoir, dam, spillway, tunnels, powerplant, operators' village facilities, etc., a program of sediment studies and preliminary work of locating and raising the stop logs for inspection of the intake works was accom- plished. The total cost of operation and maintenance during the fiscal year amounted to $716,143. Reimbursement from the Bureau of Reclamation for the pro rata share of the cost of operation and maintenance of the powerplant, reimbursement from other districts for the pro rata share of costs of the sediment studies, reimbursement resulting from furnishing of operators' village facilities, and dis- tribution of pro rata share of camp operation cost to other funds reduced the net cost to $308,833, all regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The status of the existing project as a whole is 84 percent complete. The major items of work remain- ing to be completed are the second powerplant and the permanent operators' quarters. Work was started in October 1933 and is sched- uled for completion in June 1961; however, all work except the second powerplant and the permanent operators' quarters is scheduled for completion by the end of November 1955. Dam: Clearing and grubbing, stripping the base of the dam, con- struction of sheet piling cutoff wall, the rock and gravel toes, the hydraulic fill, raising the crest of the dam to 2,280.5 feet mean sea level, construction of a bituminous surfaced roadway thereon, and installation of a night lighting system are complete. The following quantities have been placed: Cubic yards Hydraulic fill-----------------------------------------122, 178, 000 Rolled fill--- ------------------------------------------ 3, 450, 288 Gravel at toe of dam__----------- ---------------------- 3, 112,904 Rock at toe of dam----------------------- ---------- ------ 289, 297 Gravel on upstream face of dam ----------------------------- 797, 236 Fieldstone on upstream face of dam ---------------------------- 209, 070 Salvage fieldstone on upstream face of dam--------------------- 129, 887 Quarrystone on upstream face of dam-------------------------- 454, 198 Salvage quarrystone on upstream face of dam------------------- 89, 427 A total of 13,847,287 cubic yards of material has been removed from the spillway channel and 268,625 cubic yards of concrete has been placed in the channel lining; 291,826 cubic yards of concrete have been placed in the bridge, columns, piers, foundations, floor slab, and train- ing wall of the gate structure. Sixteen gates have been erected and the operating equipment installed. Spillway stop logs have been in- stalled as well as the hoist car. The 4 diversion tunnels, having an aggregate length of 25,294 linear feet, and the dam and appurtenant works are complete. 810 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Reservoir: Acquisition of land for the reservoir and dam site areas is complete. A total of 289,009 acres have been acquired of which 119,671 acres were public domain land. Powerplant: The first powerplant and appurtenant works are 99 percent complete. Two 35,000-kilowatt units and one 15,000-kilowatt generating unit are in operation. A preliminary design contract for the second powerplant has been completed and a final design and plans and specifications contract has been initiated. Hired labor planning and exploration work on the second powerplant are being continued. The work remaining to complete the project consists of completing the second powerplant, completion of the permanent operators' quar- ters, and miscellaneous items to complete the first powerplant. The total cost of new work to June 30, 1955, is $132,754,404 of which $56,113,090 was regular funds; $8,650,000 were powerplant funds; $49,521,087 were public works funds; and $18,470,227 were Emergency Relief funds. The total cost of operation and maintenance was $5,117,207 as of June 30, 1955. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto1951 New work: Appropriated .....--------- $883, 000 $644, 000 $25, 000 $150, 000 $220, 000 $133, 013, 771 Cost--------------- 2, 608, 833 821, 015 282, 721 257, 130 225, 315 132, 754, 404 Maintenance: Appropriated ..--------- 567, 500 490, 000 300, 000 325, 000 294, 000 5, 153, 376 Cost ----------------- 520, 925 474, 111 241, 634 394, 829 308, 833 5,117, 207 Other new work: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $175, 414 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956_______ 175, 414 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__------------------- 26, 086, 220 2. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full report, June 30, 1955 amount Name of project see Annual required Report for- Construction Operation and to complete maintenance Claims for damages, river and harbor work .... ._-$9, 297- ----- - (1) Expenditures in connection with disaster opera- tion "Snowbound"___________________-------1949 14, 000 ------------- (1) 1 Operation completed. 3. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, FORT PECK DISTRICT Location. The flood control improvements included in this proj- ect are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River and are located in the States comprising the Missouri River Basin. Ewisting project. The general comprehensive plan for flood con- FLOOD CONTROLr--FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 811 trol and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth, and reservoirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of flood flows at the dam sites. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts.: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 28,1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee Doc. 1 River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initia- 75th Cong., 1st sess. tion and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18, 1941 Modified the general comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and Reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr., and authorized $7,000,000 addi- tional expenditure. Dec. 22,1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24,1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosectution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17, 1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. Sept. 3,1954 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $217,710,000 H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess. additional expenditure. 1 Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. Condition, at end of fiscal year. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation, as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. Cost incurred during the fiscal year was $38,886. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated.... $22, 000 $38, 200 $34, 000 $33, 200 $36, 000 $163, 400 Cost - -. - 14, 047 30, 871 32, 768 46, 966 38, 886 163, 538 Note. Excess of cost over amount appropriated is due to inclusion of retroactive pay increase. 4. HAVRE, MILK RIVER, MONT. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Havre and vicinity on Milk River, Mont., 401.8 river miles upstream from its confluence with the Missouri River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the pro- tection of areas subject to flooding in the city of Havre, Mont. The project includes two units, the Bull hook unit and the Milk River unit. The Bull Hook unit consistsof 2 rolled earthfill dams, 1 on Scott Coulee and 1 on Bull Hook Creek, approximately 2,500 feet south of the city; a diversion channel to connect Scott Coulee to Bull Hook Creek just upstream of the dams; a combined discharge and spillway channel to divert flood flows into a coulee emptying into Milk River 812 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 just east of the city; a small diversion dam in this coulee and a spill- way to divert extreme flood flows into a drainage area to the north- east. The Milk River unit consists of a system of levees on both banks of the Milk River along the northern edge of the city, and :provisions for pumping internal drainage and sewage during high water periods. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (S. Doc. 103, 78th Cong., 1st sess.). The current estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $1,950,000; the estimated local cost (July 1955) is $193,000 for utility modifications, lands, rights-of-way, easements, relocations, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to move certain buildings, raise the railroad and highway grades and provide structures, move a powerline, and construct fences and road crossings. Local interests have provided all required local cooperation for the Bull Hook unit and have provided assurances of their ability to comply with all requirements for the Milk River unit. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Construction was continued on the Bull Hook unit and plans and specifications for the Milk River unit were completed. The total cost during the fiscal year was $557,783. Condition at end of the fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans for the project is complete and construction on the Bull Hook unit is approximately 86 percent complete. The total cost to June 30, 1955, was $1,036,161 all regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ng fisal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto1951 New work: ........ Appropriated-------- $10,000 .... ... -$348, 000 $400, 000 $500,000 $1, 350, 000 Cost......----------------- 12, 026 $392 50, 005 326, 373 557, 783 1, 036, 161 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------_ $222, 288 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_.... 600, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------822, 288 5. SACO, MONTANA Location. The work covered by this project is located at Saco, Mont. which is on the left bank of Beaver Creek about 33 miles above its confluence with the Milk River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- tion of a levee around the town. The work includes 3,394 feet of new levee, the raising of 4,234 feet of existing levee and enlargement of 4,573 feet of existing irrigation embankment and raising of 770 feet of road. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, and House Document 88, 73d Congress, 1st session. The estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $116,000; the estimated local cost (July 1955) is $6,000 for relocations, lands and damages. FLOOD CONTROL---FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 813 Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work. Local interests have furnished written assurance of their willingness to provide local cooperation for the entire project and have acquired a portion of the land necessary for construction. Operation and results during the fiscal year. No work was accom- plished during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been initiated. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-----------------------------------------------------............ $655 Cost....------------------------------------------------------------------ 655 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - - - $116, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------- 116, 000 6. BILLINGS, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, MONT. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Bill- ings and vicinity on Yellowstone River, Mont., 346 river-miles up- stream from its confluence with the Missouri River. Existing project. The overall plan of improvement for the flood protection of Billings and contiguous areas consists of a system of ditches, channels, and levees by means of which floodwaters ap- proaching the city from the west, east, or south may be diverted away from the area subject to flooding. The proposed plan is divided into three separate units. The western unit of the plan consists of an interception ditch which will divert runoff from west of Billings into the Yellowstone River. Reinforced concrete spillways will divert storm waters from four irrigation canals which cross the alinement of the proposed interception ditch, and drainage from other areas will enter the ditch through control spillways. Necessary appurtenances to the interception ditch are a reinforced concrete stilling basin, earth levees, a reinforced con- crete chute and stilling basin. A railroad bridge and several addi- tional highway bridges, over the proposed interception ditch and other similar improvements, will be necessary for completion of this unit. The eastern unit of the plan is designed to protect the fairgrounds and adjacent areas east of Billings from floods on Alkali Creek. The proposed plan consists of two sections of levee along the right bank of the existing channel; a cutoff channel 510 feet long excavated through the rock escarpment; and an enlarge- ment of the existing channel from the stilling basin to the Yellow- stone River. A railroad bridge will be necessary for this unit. The southern unit of the overall plan is designed to protect the 814 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 areas south and east of Billings from floods on the Yellowstone River. This unit consists of a levee along the left bank of the river, and necessary appurtenant interior drainage structures. An existing levee will be incorporated into the proposed works. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $4,150,000; the estimated local cost (July 1955) is $317,000 for relocations, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work, provide all bridges and similar improvements, and construct or relocate roads. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Work was initiated on field surveys, investigations and detailed plans. The total cost during the fiscal year was $24,397. Condition at end of the fiscal year. The general design memoran- dum was approximately 94 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Total cost to June 30, 1955, was $24,397. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---....-----....---. ------------..... ------------ ------------ $25, 000 $25, 000 Cost---------- ---------- ------------------------ ------------ 24, 397 24, 397 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ $603 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -.. 40, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------- 40, 603 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------------------------- 4, 085, 000 7. SHERIDAN, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, WYO. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Sheridan and vicinity on both sides of Goose Creek and Little Goose Creek ap- proximately 11.6 miles above the junction of that stream with the Tongue River. Existing project. The overall plan of improvement for flood pro- tection at Sheridan consists of a system of levees and floodwalls in combination with alterations of the channels of Goose Creek and Little Goose Creek. The area subject to flooding from Little Goose Creek will be protected by approximately 12,800 feet of levee, 2,750 feet of vertical concrete floodwall and approximately 1,500 feet of new channel. The proposed works for protection of areas along Big Goose Creek include approximately 1,700 feet of new channel, 28,600 FLOOD CONTROL--FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 815 feet of levee, 330 feet of concrete floodwall, and 9,500 feet of improved channel. Riprap will be placed on earth slopes for a distance of 50 feet above and below all bridges: and the outside banks on all curves where erosion is likely to occur. Grouted riprap will be placed in drop sections of both streams. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $2,470,000; the estimated local cost (July 1955) is $44,000 for relocations, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work, provide all bridges and similar improvements, and construct or relo- cate roads. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. No work was accom- plished during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been initiated. 8. GREYBULL, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, WYO. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Greybull and vicinity on Big Horn River, Wyo., 183 river miles upstream from its confluence with the Yellowstone River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the pro- tection of areas subject to flooding in the city of Greybull, Wyo. The project is designed to give flood protection to residences, business es- tablishments, industrial areas, public buildings, and facilities of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, and consists of approxi- mately 12,425 feet of levee and necessary appurtenant interior drainage structures along the left bank of the Big Horn River. Existing levees, which presently provide protection against minor floods, will be in- corporated into the proposed works wherever possible. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1955) is $340,000; the estimated local cost (July 1955) is $97,000 for utility modifications, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to raise highway grades, relocate a sewage pumphouse, and remove existing structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Work was initiated on field surveys, investigations and detailed plans. The total cost during the fiscal year was $30,307. Condition at end of the fiscal year. The design memorandum was approximately 95 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Total cost to June 30, 1955, was $30,307. 363037-55-vol. 2 52 816 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated----------------------------------------- $40, 000 $40,000 Cost..-------------------- --------- --------- 30, 307 30, 307 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------------$9, 693 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ 300, 000 --- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------------- -------------- --________ 309, 693 9. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures to For last June 30; 1955 Estimated full report, amount Name of project seeAnnual amount Report Operation required for- Construction and to complete maintenance Buffalo, Wyo....--- ----------------------------------------------------- $675, 000 Dayton,Wyo...----------------------------------- ---------------------------- 130, 000 Forsyth, Mont-----------------------...................................- 1950 $255, 177 .----------- (2) Glasgow, Mont....-----------------------------1939 - - - -- - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - 16, 832--............ (2) Miles , Mont..... 2- - - - - - - - ---- - - - - - - - - 1952 - - - - - - - - - - - ,015---------3. - - - -------------- ,000 1 350, Miles City, Mont. 1,350,000 Monarch, Wyo.4.-.--------------------------------------- .240, 2 000 1 Authorized by the 1950 Flood Control Act. No planning or construction funds have been allotted. 2 Project completed. 3 Authorized-by the 1936 Flood Control Act. 4 Inactive. 3 Estimated cost July 1954. 10. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS The work included in this feature consists of periodic inspections of local flood protection projects to ascertain whether projects are properly operated and to point out essential maintenance and repair work which should be accomplished. Total cost and expenditure incurred in connection with this work during the fiscal year was $1,494, distributed as follows: Location: Cost Glasgow, Mont-------------------------------------------------$194 Shields Riv., Mont------------------------- 400 Three Forks, Mont_, 500 Forsyth, Mont------------------ -------------------------------- 400 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 Maintenance: Appropriated Cost- - - ---------... --.. - $1,200 1,015 $800 685 $800 1,100 $1, 200 1,196 $1, 500 1,494 $5, 500 5, 490 FLOOD CONTROI---FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 817 11. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Work was performed during the fiscal year on the following streams: Name and location: Cost for fiscal year Belt Creek, Mont -------------------------------------- $1, 874 Little Prickly Pear Creek, Mont_---------------- --------------.. 2, 519 Shields River, Mont __- __----------------- 1, 208 Milk River, Mont----------------------------------------------- 238 Total -------------------------------------------------------- 5,839 Construction was completed on the Belt Creek project during the fiscal year. Construction will be completed on Little Prickly Pear Creek and Milk River during fiscal year 1956 with available funds. No further work will be accomplished on Shields River because spon- sorship for the project was withdrawn. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-----........ ------------------------ $42,000 $84, 601 $25, 087 $151, 688 Cost.........------------- ------------------------ 42, 000 81,106 5, 839 128, 945 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_------ --------------- --------------------------------- $22, 743 Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of 1946 Flood Control Act). Emergency bank protection work was performed on the following streams during fiscal year 1955: Jefferson River in the Waterloo area near Whitehall, Mont------- $39, 546 Yellowstone River at Livingston, Mont .------------------------- 8, 087 Total__------------------------- ------------------------------ 47, 633 Bank protection work was completed on the Jefferson River during the fiscal year. Work on the Yellowstone River at Livingston, Mont. was approximately 96 percent complete June 30, 1955, and will be com- pleted during fiscal year 1956 with available funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------$21,117------------$18,666 $50,000 $1, 546 $215, 917 Cost------------------ 2 ------------ 18,666 ...........----- 47,633 212,004 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_--- -------------------- ------------ $3, 913 818 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). A design memorandum for the Belt, Mont. project was completed during the fiscal.year. A design memorandum for Plentywood, Mont. was initiated and was approximately 95 percent complete on June 30, 1955. The total cost during the fiscal year was $8,282. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: .. Appropriated ________ -$20, 953 . ... $18, 650 $6, 304 $50, 701 Cost 21, 207 ----------------------- 16, 168 8, 282 50, 197 Other rnew work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------------------------------------------------- $504 Emergency flood control activities (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Con- trol Act and supplemental authorizations). Work was performed during the fiscal year at the following costs: Flood emergency operations_- $18, 897 Advance preparation for flood emergencies----------------------- 2, 542 Total--------------------------------------------- 1,439 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated -- $15, 537 $8, 094 $123, 000 $56, 672 $15, 941 1 $698, 364 Cost-------- - 31, 178 8,703 099 117, 55, 614 21, 439 1696, 902 1 Exclusive of $5,990 contributed funds. 12. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS-FLOOD CONTROL STUDIES The cost incurred from flood control studies on the Sun River and Tributaries during the fiscal year was $15,978. The interim report with respect to flooding at Great Falls, Mont., was essentially com- plete at the end of the fiscal year. 13. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The cost of collection and study of basic data, which included work in connection with the preparation of the Annual Flood Report, and the collection of current flood information pertaining to serious floods on streams for which formal reports have not been specifically directed by Congress, was $2,239 during the year. OHIO RIVER For the actual construction of locks and dams, and the operation and care of the completed structures, the river is divided into 3 sec- tions under the immediate supervision and direction of district engi- neers at Pittsburgh, Huntington, and Louisville. The Pittsburgh section extends from the head of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa., to a point between Captina Island and Powhatan Point, a distance of 109 miles, and includes Emsworth, Dashields, and Montgomery locks and dams and locks and dams 7 to 13, inclusive; the Huntington section extends from mile 109 to mile 409.3, immedi- ately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, a distance of 300.3 miles, and includes locks and dams 14 to 23, inclusive, Gallipolis locks and dam, and locks and dams 27 to 33, inclusive; the Louisville section extends from mile 409.3, immediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, to the mouth of the river, a distance of 571.7 miles, and includes locks and dams 34 to 39, inclusive, locks and dam 41 (with the Louis- ville and Portland Canal) and locks and dams 43 to 53, inclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Page 1. Construction of locks and dams on the Ohio River- ----------- 819 2. Open channel work, Ohio River__ _____________________________ 826 Note. Tributary navigation projects and all flood control projects in the Ohio River Basin are contained in the reports of the districts included in the Ohio River Division. 1. CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON THE OHIO RIVER Location. The Ohio River is formed by the junction of the Alle- gheny and Monongahela Rivers at Pittsburgh, Pa., and flows in a general southwesterly direction for a distance of 981 miles to join the Mississippi River near Cairo, Ill. For description of the river see page 1227, Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. The first lock and dam on the Ohio River was provided for by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879. The con- struction of dams was provided for by River and Harbor Acts, as follows: Dam 6, September 19, 1890; dams 2, 3, 4, and 5,June 3, 1896; 13 and 18, March 3, 1899; 8, 11, 19, and 37, June 13, 1902; 26, March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1907 of Annual Report for 1915. For expenditures on the previous 6-foot canalization see paragraph "Condition at end of fiscal year" of this report. Existing project. This provides for the improvement of the entire river by the construction of locks and dams to provide a channel depth of 9 feet and for the widening of the Louisville and Portland Canal at Louisville, Ky. The project provides for a lock with usable dimen- sions of 110 by 600 feet at each dam and in addition an auxiliary lock 56 by 360 feet at Emsworth, Dashields, Montgomery, and dam 41 819 820 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and 110 by 360 feet at Gallipolis. Dashields is a fixed dam, while Ems- worth, Montgomery, and Gallipolis are fixed dams with movable crests. The remainder of the 46 dams are of the movable type, with navigable pass varying in width from 600 to 1,248 feet. In addition to the navigable pass, the movable type dams are also provided with one or more regulating weirs. At dam 41 a canal (Louisville and Portland) extends along the left bank for a distance of 2 miles, with the locks at the lower end. Operation and care of the locks and dams were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appro- priations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. The estimate of cost of new work (existing project) (1955) exclu- sive of Gallipolis locks and dam reported under the Kanawha River project, is $581,735,400. The foregoing estimate does not include expenditures on previous projects. The following items previously included in this project are con- sidered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost esti- mate: Raising crest of dam 14; construction of beartraps at dam 21; construction of additional beartraps at dams 18, 22, 23, 27, 30, 39, and 43 and construction of guard wall and guide wall extensions at locks and dams 35, 41, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52. The cost of these items was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $11,064,700. The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance of locks and dams (1955) is $7,300,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Construction of 54 locks with movable dams, widen- H. Doc. 492, 60th Cong., 1st sess. ing of the Louisville and Portland Canal to 170 feet, and a new lock at the lower end. The act also granted discretionary authority to the Secretary of War to make such modifications in the project as appeared advisable. July 18,1918 Elimination of locks and dams in the lower river H. Doc., 1695, 64th Cong., 2d sess. where the project depth of 9 feet could be satis- factorily maintained by open channel work. Secre- tary of War authorized to substitute fixed dams for movable dams wherever, in his opinion, they may be advisable. Under the authority granted in the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910, the Louisville and Portland Canal has been widened to 200 feet; locks and dams 40 and 42 have been eliminated; locks and dams 1 and 2 replaced by the Emsworth locks and dam; lock and dam 3 replaced by the Dashields locks and dam; and locks and dams 4, 5, and 6 replaced by the Montgomery locks and dam. Locks and dams 24, 25, and 26 were replaced by Gallipolis locks and dam which was authorized by the act of August 30, 1935, and constructed under the project for improving lower Kanawha River. Table A contains data relative to the various features of the locks and dams included in the existing project. Table B lists the principal towns and cities along the Ohio River with their mileage below Pitts- burgh, Pa. Table A Lock Location Dimensions Depth on miter sills imenions Per- Year Actual Lock Character of dam cent- opened cost to dam Greatest foundation age to date of damWidth stCharacter of found- foundation cornm- navi- each lock Miles Width lenthation pleted gation and dam below Distance from nearest town or mouth of avail- Lift Upper Lower Pitts- of navigable tributary cham-er fo fll (feet) (feet) (feet) burgh (feet) width (feet) 1 R eplaced ............................... $870, 034 6.2 Ensworth locks and dam, Emsworth, Pa. S110 }18.0 117.0 12.9 Rock ... - Rock and piles... 1.00 1921 25, 861, 765 360 2 Replaced ..... 976, 767 O 3 do ...... ----... .......- ......- - .. ..- . 56 1,144, 588 13.3 Dash elds locks and dam, 1.6 miles be- 600 Replado--------------------------------- low Sewickley, Pa. 10.0 113.4 317.5 Rock--------------- Rock---------------- 100 1929 4 3, 528, 955 ---ho 360 4 Replaced .............................. 1, 071, 472 5 ---- do .... - - - - -- - - - -- -_ - 1, 080, 132 6 -- .do _-- - - -- - - - - - - - - _ - 1, 123, 442 31.7 Montgomery locks and dam, 1.4 miles 600 } 19.4 116.0 812.7 Rock and piles .... Rock and piles ----- 100 1936 85,737,611 M above Industry, Pa. 11056 360 7 36. 5 Midland, Pa_-- --- -- -- ---- 110 600 6.9 15.4 11.0 Rock___----.---- Piles--_ - 100 1914 1, 075, 000 8 46. 4 1.7 miles below Newell, W. Va ._-. _-__- 110 600 6.4 15. 4 12.0 Piles in gravel:.... Rock; piles in gravel_ 100 1911 1, 167, 456 54. 4 New Cumberland locks and dam, Strat- 1200 22.6 19. 2 12. 7 Rock.--------....- Rock..------------ tonville, Ohio.6 { 110 600 1, 083, 919 9 56. 1 New Cumberland, W. Va_ ... ... 110 600 7.4 15. 4 11.0 __ do ....... Piles in gravel----- _ 100 1914 1, 177,100 10 66. 2 1.8 miles above Steubenville, Ohio..__. 110 600 8.4 16. 4 11.0 Rock and piles in _--- do--- ---------. 100 1915 1, 138, 000 gravel. 11 76. 9 2.5 miles below Wellsburg, W. Va .....-- 110 600 7.3 15.4 11.1 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 100 1911 1, 162, 165 gravel. gravel. 12 87. 4 Warwood, W. Va................ 110 600 8.4 15.4 11.0 ---... --- _ do---- -.------ do............------- 100 1916 1,166, 104 13 96. 1 McMechen, W. Va ..... . __...... .. 110 600 7.3 13. 8 9. 5 ....do............. Rock; piles in sand 100 1911 1, 222, 389 and gravel. 14 114. 0 Woodland, W. Va_ .. _ 110 600 8.3 16. 4 11.0 Rock ... ... ..... Rock_- 100 1917 1, 133, 371 15 129. 1 New Martinsville, W. Va ...........- 110 600 7.8 15.4 11.0 .-..do.. .......... ....do ........... 100 1916 1, 180, 478 16 146. 5 Ben Run, W. Va. -.---------- ........ 110 600 7.8 15.4 11.2 ----. do............ --.... - --- do---------- do -- - - - - - 100 1917 1, 275, 532 17 167. 5 4.5 miles above Marietta, Ohio ........ 110 600 8.2 15. 4 11.0 -----do----- --------- 100 1918 1, 362, 591 18 179. 9 4.7 miles above Parkersburg, W. Va -.. 110 6.2 14. 2 11.0 -... do - _._ ..- ..... do............ .. --. do---------- 100 110 600 1910 927, 091 19 192. 2 Little Hocking, Ohio ................ 600 7.7 16. 9 11.0 Piles in sand, gravel, -....do_------- 100 1916 1, 213, 848 and rock. See footnotes at end of table. Table A-Continued Lock Location Dimensions Depth on miter sills Per- Year Actual O Lnck I .I cent- opened cost to and Character of dam to Greatest foundation age date of dam Width length Character of found- com- navi- each lock Miles of avail- ation pleted gation and dam O below Distance from nearest town or mouth cham- able Lift Upper Lower Pitts- of navigable tributary ber for full (feet) (feet) (feet) 0 burgh width (feet) © (feet) H - -I I I - -_ -I. I-......... * I_ I _1 I © 20 202. 5 Belleville, W. Va ... _ .. 110 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 Rock ... .---- .- Rock ......... 100 1917 $936, 696 0 21 214.6 1.4 miles above Portland, Ohio -------- 110 600 5.6 15.4 11.0 do_ .... _ _ -- do _---- 100 1919 1, 484, 562 22 220. 9 Ravenswood, W. Va...... ....... 110 600 7.8 15.4 11.2 ..... do. .... __ -- do _ 100 1918 1, 218, 798 23 231.4 Millwood, W. Va................__._.. 110 600 5.6 15.4 13. 5 ---- do-- - ------ Rocdo . - - ----.. do .-.-.... 100 1921 1, 851,488 0 24 Replaced----.......................... 25 26 -- do.------------------- ---- do_-_ - 1, 187, 542 1, 925, 205 1, 307. 241 z0 © 279. 2 Gallipolis locks and dam, 0.7 mile below 110 ---- 600 18.0 12.0 Ro ck ............... Hogsett, W. Va. 110 3600 }26.0 Rock ...-- 100 1937 (7) 27 301.0 3.6 miles above Proctorville, Ohio .-... 110 600 6.4 15.4 11. 1 ...do ... - ...- . _ do _ ---. 100 1923 2, 015, 601 28 311.6 3.3 miles below Huntington, W. Va -.... 110 600 7. 1 15.4 11.0 w ..... do . - . ..... 100 1915 1, 063, 133 M- 29 319.9 2.7 miles above Ashland, Ky ...-------. 110 8.0 15. 4 11.0 ..do... ... d__ do -.-......... _ . do _- 100 1916 1, 088, 802 1 30 339.4 3.3 miles below Greenup, Ky ........... 11.0 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 . ...do .- . . -- ... - 100 1923 1, 579, 618 341.0 Greenup locks and dam, 4.9 miles be- 110 1200 } 32.0 21.0 13.0 -- -- do ....... . .. --- .d o ............. 4 low Greenup, Ky.8 600 2, 223, 428 31 359. 3 3.3 miles below Portsmouth, Ohio ...... 110 600 7. 5 15.4 11.0 .. .do --... . . 10 --_.do _ - 100 1919 1, 359, 231 32 382. 6 1 mile above Rome, Adams County, 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 Piles in sand and Caissons on sand 100 1926 2, 951, 216 > Ohio. 10 gravel. and gravel. 33 405. 1 3.5 miles above Maysville, Ky ___ - -- 600 7.0 15.4 11.0 ..... do . .. ........ Piles in sand and 100 1921 1, 937, 166 110 -- do_ _ gravel. 34 434. 1 Chilo, Ohio ...............-.-.-.-.... 600 5.6 15. 4 11.0 - .do_-_- 100 1925 3, 437, 057 35 451.0 1 mile below New Richmond, Ohio -.. 110 600 6.4 15. 4 11.0 -- do --- _ 110 _do _- ---- 100 1.919 1, 894, 942 36 460.9 9.3 miles above Cincinnati, Ohio ------ 600 7.9 15.4 11. 1 ...do -_ _ - do --- 100 1925 3, 704, 535 37 483. 2 Fernbank, Ohio ... __ 110 600 7.8 12.3 11.0 Rock _.. ..... .. .. Rock_ 110 100 1911 1,297, 924 38 503.3 Maxville, Ky .. _. ...------- - -- - 600 7.3 15. 4 11.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 100 1924 2, 857, 040 110 gravel. gravel. 591. 5 Marklnd locks 9and dam, 1 mile above 110 1200 Markland, Ind. 110 600 }35.0 25. 0 15.0 Rock ............. Piles------------- 428, 616 39 531.7 1 mile above Markland, Ind------------. 110 600 6.0 15.4 13.0 Piles in sand and Rock and piles in 100- 1921 2, 222, 448 ca gravel. sand and gravel. Cn 40 Eliminated- ...................-....... ..-.....- ...- -..... 110 600 37. - - - .... .-- ..-- -7,658,134 41 42 604. 4 Louisville, Ky_ ____........_.. ... ..... E lim inated------------------------------ _ 1 56 360} 19.0 .... 1.. 11.0 Rock----------.......... Rock ........... -_ Rock ............... _ 100 I 1921 to07,658,134 43 633. 2 3.3 miles below West Point, Ky _....... 110 600 9.0 1.5.4 11. 0 Pile_ .. . . . . Pile .... . . . . . . 100 1921 2,592,242 44 663. 2 Leavenworth, Ind _-_______________ ....- 110 600 7.0 15. 4 13.0 do_--- - --.... ---- Rock and pile .... - 100 1925 2, 818,763 45 703.0 Addison, Ky.------------------ 110 600 9.0 17.4 13.0 Rock _....... ___do ........... 100 1927 3, 202,587 46 757. 3 Owensboro, Ky---------------------- 110 600 11. 0 17. 4 11.0 Pile_ ---- Pile - ..... . .. 100 1928 3, 127, 981 47 777. 7 Newburg, Ind_-------------------- ..- 110 600 9.0 15.4 11.0 _ do _-- - - - - .___do ............. 100 1928 4, 415,526 48 809. 6 5.8 miles below Henderson, Ky .. __.. -- 110 600 7.0 15. 4 13.0 _do-----....-- .. . .--- do .. . . . . . 100 1922 3, 062, 700 49 845. 0 2.4 miles below Uniontown, Ky....... 110 600 11.0 17. 4 13.0 Rock__--- ---- - Rock .. .. _-- 100 1928 3, 325, 297 50 876. 8 1 mile below Weston, Ky_............. 110 600 10.0 17. 4 11.0 - do do- _- Rock and pile .... 100 1928 3, 751, 614 51 903.1 0.6 miles below Golconda, Ill- ........ 110 600 8.0 15. 4 11.0 Rock and piles .... Pile .. ........... ._ 100 1929 4, 370, 566 52 938. 9 1.4 miles below Brookport, Ill .- _.__ 110 600 12.0 15. 4 11.0 Pile -- - ..... ..... --.. do ........... 100 1928 4, 461, 462 53 962. 6 10.8 miles above Mound City, Ill ... 110 600 13. 4 15. 4 119.6 - do .. ..--- .- do ... . . . . . 100 1929 5, 410, 668 54 974. 2 Mound City, Ill ______.__._________ .... 110 600 (12) (12) (12) Rock-------------- GraVel......... (12) Total-------------------- ... . . . ... . . 18125,849,639 1 Depths as shown are on emergency-dam foundation and are controlling depths. 11Dam below was not commenced. Depth on lower miter sill at low water. 2 Change from fixed dam to lift-gate dam completed in 1938. Replaces movable dams 12Necessity for construction has not yet been determined. 1 and 2. 13Exclusive of $6,325,435, details below: O 3 Depths as shown are on poiree dam foundation and are controlling depths. Additionalfeatures entering.into cost of project 4 Fixed Dam. Replaccs movable dam 3. 5 Lift-gate dam. Replaces movable dams 4, 5, and 6. Louisville and Portland Canal and Indiana chute (under previous O 8 Will replace locks and dams 7, 8, and 9. project) ... ____ . .. . _____________ . . . . 5, 359,203 7 Roller-gate dam. Replaces movable dams 24, 25, and 26. Cost not included in total, Examinations, surveys, contingencies, plant and miscellaneous____... 966, 232 as it was constructed under project for improving lower Kanawha River. 8 Will replace locks and dams 27, 28, 29, and 30. 6, 325, 435 9 Will replace locks and dams 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39. ___ 10Completed with large new lock in 1921. Completed with new dam and raised canal Total___-.-- -- ---- ---------------..-. .132, 175, 074 and lock walls in 1928. Construction of an auxiliary lock commenced in 1929, which lock was completed in 1930. 824 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Table B Miles Miles Miles Location below below Location below tow Location below lo Pitts- Pitts- Pitts- burgh burgh burgh Pittsburgh, Pa_.................. Portsmouth, Ohio ...... 356.0 Rockport, Ind--.......... 742.2 Ambridge, Pa.......... 15. 9 Maysville, Ky-....- _ 408. 6 Owensboro, Ky---------... 756. 5 Aliquippa, Pa--.......... 20.0 Newport, Ky- ..--- ___ 469. 8 Newburgh, Ind---.....--- 778. 0 East Liverpool, Ohio..- 43.5 Cincinnati, Ohio--------.. 470.2 Evansville, Ind-------.......792. 3 Steubenville, Ohio ..... 68. 0 Covington, Ky-....-------.... 470.5 Henderson, Ky--------....... 803. 9 Wheeling, W. Va-..--......90. 5 Lawrenceburg, Ind..... 492. 9 Mt. Vernon, Ind-------.......829.1 Bellaire, Ohio----------.......... 94. 5 Aurora, Ind------------............ 496.7 Uniontown, Ky ......- 842. 5 Marietta, Ohio ......... Parkersburg, W. Va.__ 172. 0 184.6 ---- Carrollton, Ky..... 545. 7 Midison, Ind....-----------557.7 Shawneetown, Ill....... 857. 8 Golconda, Ill-------- 025 .........--- Point Pleasant, W. Va.. 265.2 Jeffersonville, Ind....... 602.7 Paducah, Ky----------........ 934.5 Gallipolis, Ohio....-------- 269. 7 Louisville, Ky_-------_ 603. 7 Metropolis, Ill--.......... 943. 8 308.3 Huntington, W. Va---..... New Albany, Ind-.... 608.5 ...------------ Joppa, Ill--...... 951.4 Catlettsburg, Ky-...... 317. 2 Leavenworth, Ind-.... 664. O0 Mound City, Ill.........973.4 Ashland, Ky---..... .. 322. 6 Cannelton, Ind-........ 724.0 Cairo, Ill................ 979.3 Ironton, Ohio------........... 327. 2 Tell City, Ind-------.......... 727.0 Terminal facilities. Modern public terminals, with warehouses, equipped with operating machinery for transferring materials have been constructed by private interests at some of the larger cities and towns. The latest published list of terminals on the Ohio River appears in Transportation Series No. 2, 1929. The list is brought up to date each year as of June 30 and can be obtained from the division engineer, Ohio River Division, Cincinnati, Ohio. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: New work was performed by contract and hired labor. The costs were as follows: New Cumberland locks and dam: Preparation of detailed construction plans and specifications for the locks and appurtenances and design memoranda for various relocations; initiation of land acquisition for relocation of Ohio Route 7 and for locks site; entering into contract agreements with owning agencies for relocation of utilities at locks site and for paving of relocated Ohio Route 7; initiation (by con- tract) of work on grading and drainage structures for relocation of Ohio Route 7 --------------------------------------- $841,072 Greenup locks and dam: Completion (except for final review) of de- tailed plans and specifications for construction of locks; acquisition of fee and easement tracts required for locks site; completion of preliminary work in connection with preparation of a real estate de- sign memorandum for lands and easements required for abutment site; construction of temporary office building (by hired labor) ; con- struction of access road (by contract) ; construction of cofferdam for locks (by contract) --------------------------------------- 1,843, 806 Markland locks and dam: Completion of studies and preparation of general design memorandum; continuation of model studies; con- tinuation of studies and preparation of design memorandum and construction plans and specifications------------------------- 78,942 Total for new work--------------- ------------------- 2, 763, 820 Operation and maintenance, general: The locks and dams were oper- ated as required, and necessary repairs and improvements were made OHIO RIVER 825 thereto, and to the operators' quarters, grounds and esplanades to the extent of funds available. The costs by districts were as follows: Pittsburgh Huntington Louisville Total Operation and ordinary maintenance-----------........... $991,096 $1,709, 226 $1,932,943 $4, 633,265 Rehabilitation------------------------------................................. 751, 591 898, 080 845, 605 2,495, 276 Total ...------------------------------- 1,742, 687 2, 607, 306 2,778, 548 7,128, 541 Summary of costs during the fiscal year is as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, general $2, 763, 820 $7,128, 541 Regular-----------------------------------------------------...................................... Condition at end of fiscal year. The navigation system of 46 locks and dams is in operation and 9-foot navigation throughout the entire length of the river is generally available at all times. At certain unstable bars the project depth is maintained by dredging, supple- mented by contraction works. (See project "Open channel work, Ohio River", p. 826.) Table A under "Existing project" shows cost and year of completion of locks and dams now in operation. The existing project does not provide adequate facilities for present day naviga- tion due to obsolescence of the structures. Since repair and mod- ernization of these facilities would be extremely costly, replacement and reconstruction must be undertaken as soon as funds can be made available for the purpose. Funds were made available for initiation of construction in fiscal year 1955 of the New Cumberland locks and dam (Strattonville, Ohio) to replace locks and dams 7, 8, and 9 and locks and dam in the vicinity of Greenup, Ky., to replace locks and dams 27, 28, 29, and 30. Funds have been made available for initia- tion of construction in fiscal year 1956 of locks and dam in the vicinity of Markland, Ind., to replace locks and dams 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39. Other replacement and reconstruction facilities proposed are: Con- struction of Pike Island locks and dam to replace locks and dams 10 and 11; construction of Opossum Creek locks and dam to replace locks and dams 12, 13, and 14; construction of locks and dam in the vicinity of New Richmond, Ohio, to replace locks and dams 31, 32, 33, and 34; the reconstruction of locks and dam 41; and construction of Wabash Island locks and dam to replace locks and dams 48 and 49. 826 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The costs to the end of the fiscal year for the existing project were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular ................................---------------------------------------.. $110, 714, 108 $89, 656, 153 $200, 370, 261 Public Works.................................------------------------------------- 3, 258, 368 ................ 3, 258, 368 Emergency Relief ...........----------------------------------...1, 198, 837 19, 000 1, 217, 837 Maintenance and operation- ...... __ ___ ..- ____.-...._ _____----- .... 2,081, 900 2, 081, 900 Total....................------------------------------------- 115, 171, 313 191, 757, 053 206, 928, 366 1In addition, surplus property valued at $98,459 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. The cost of the previous 6-foot canalization project was $17,003,761, which was the expenditures to June 30, 1910. The total cost to date of new work, including the cost of old structures which have been replaced, is $132,175,074. In addition, the sum of $36,943,217 was expended between October 7, 1885, and June 30, 1937, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated --------- Cost ..------------------ $140, 000 55, 408 $249, 881 139, 962 $239, 291 465, 614 $165, 000 196, 028 $3, 164, 500 2, 763, 820 $132, 582, 902 132, 175, 074 Maintenance: Appropriated .-------- 6, 645, 910 6, 617, 564 6, 827, 328 7, 265, 000 6, 485, 871 129, 049, 550 Cost--------------- 6, 366, 866 6, 681, 704 6, 903, 725 6, 862, 457 7, 128, 541 128, 700, 270 1 Includes $17,003,761 for new work and $920,945 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $98,459 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ______- $117, 813 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 12, 400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________________---_------------________ 12, 517, 813 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__________________________ 436, 752, 500 2. OPEN CHANNEL WORK, OHIO RIVER Open channel work on the Ohio River is in charge of the district engineer in whose district the work is located. For information as to the limits of the three districts on the Ohio River, see page 819. The portion of the river included in the project extends from the head of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa., to the mouth of the Cache River (Mound City, Ill.), a distance of 974.7 miles. Open channel improvement from the mouth of the Cache River to the mouth of the Ohio River is under the jurisdiction of the Mississippi River Commission. OHIO RIVER 827 Existing project. Prior to the completion of the canalization project, no project depth had been fixed by Congress under the project for open channel work, but in order to properly aid packet and barge navigation it was found necessary to secure a low water chan- nel having a minimum depth of from 4 to 6 feet, and a width, de- pending upon the difficulty of running the channel, of from 400 to 600 feet; also to permit the movement of large coal tows, which movement occurred at stages of water exceeding 10 feet, it was found necessary to remove the points of projecting bars which formed at various locations along the river. The accomplishment of this pur- pose involved the concentration of current by closing back channels at islands with low dams, the contraction and straightening of wide, open channels by low dikes, dredging of bars and shoals, and the removal of snags and wrecks. Since the completion of the canalization project, the work under the project for open channel work provides mainly for widening, deepening, and maintenance of the channel in the pools of the dams, and in the open river section of the river below lock and dam 53 so as to provide and maintain the full project depth of 9 feet con- templated by the canalization project. Channel widths generally are in excess of 500 feet, except at critical bars where there is periodic recurrent shoaling. Channels 300 feet in width are maintained at critical bars by periodic dredging. Such channels may become con- stricted to a width of 250 feet before dredging can be accomplished. These channel widths are the minimum that will facilitate the move- ment of the present day barge tows. The accomplishment .of this work not only involves dredging of bars and shoals, but the con- struction and maintenance of back channel dams, dikes and bank revetments for stabilizing the channel, and the removal of snags and wrecks. Incidental to the direct improvement of the Ohio River is the construction and maintenance of ice piers as required for the pro- tection of river craft. The stage of extreme high water on the Ohio River varies from 46 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., to 80 feet at Cincinnati, Ohio, with 57.2 feet at Louisville, Ky. (head of falls), 53.8 feet at Evansville, Ind., and 59.5 feet at Cairo, Ill. (mouth of river). The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $16,144,300, which is exclusive of the additional ice piers authorized by the River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, and the reforestation of sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula near Evansville, Ind., authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930. The following items included in the project are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate: Ice piers authorized by the River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927; reforestation of sloughs on Kentucky Pen- insula near Evansville, Ind., authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930; dredging to widen the channel at certain points; and placing of revetment at various points. The cost of these items was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $6,565,300. The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance (1955) is $1,041,000. 828 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1827 The project adopted by this act originally covered the entire length of the Ohio River from its mouth near Cairo to Pittsburgh, a distance of 981 miles. It pro- vided for the removal of all obstructions which tend to endanger steamboat navigation. Jan. 21, 1927 Construction of ice piers as a part of the project, with H. Doc. 187, 67th Cong., 2d sess. funds allotted from the appropriations for general open-channel work. July 3, 1930 Reforestation of the sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula H. Doc. 409, 69th Cong., 1st sess. near Evansville, Ind., and a 200-foot strip along the upstream bank and for bank protection at an estimated cost of $200,000. Operation of snag boats on the Ohio River below the Pennsylvania State linfe was included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provi- sions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved January 21, 1927, authorizing the construction of ice piers for general open- channel work, imposes the condition that before work is begun on any ice pier, local interests convey to the United States free of cost such riparian rights as may be deemed necessary in connection with the improvement at the locality (H. Doc. 187, 67th Cong., 2d sess.). Existing ice piers are adequate for present purposes and local cooperation is not needed since no additional construction is under consideration. The River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930, authorizing the reforestation of the sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula near Evansville, Ind., and a 200-foot strip along the upstream bank and for bank protection, provides that no expense shall be incurred by the United States for acquiring of any lands required for the purpose of this im- provement (H. Doc. 409, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). However, since no serious overbank erosion has occurred since the bank revetment in 1933-34, reforestation is not considered justifiable at this time and no local cooperation is required. Terminal facilities. See page 824. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging, where re- quired to provide an adequate and dependable channel of project depth at minimum pool conditions, was executed. The dikes and revetments were maintained and the routine work of maintaining navigation aids, removing snags, making channel studies, and hydrographic surveys was performed as required. The specific work accomplished during the year was as follows: Operation and maintenance, general: The following dredging and other maintenance work was performed: OHIO RIVER 829 Operation and ordinary maintenance: Channel soundings; hydrographic surveys; channel inspections and aids to navigation; miscellaneous inspections and reports_ $210, 239 Rehabilitation: Dredging (hired labor): Cubic yards Cost Louisville district_ ----------------- 1, 970, 407 $485, 426 485, 426, Snagging and clearing _-__-- - - - - __..-.-----27, - -- 605 Total ----------------------------------------------- 723, 270 The total cost during the fiscal year on the entire river, all for operation and maintenance, general, was $723,270. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work under this project is substantially complete, since it is not anticipated that work on the inactive portion of the project will be accomplished. In addition to dredging, local stabilization of channel has been effected at various points by construction of dikes and revetment. The work which re- mains to be done consists of dredging to widen the channel at certain points to the project depth. The total costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Class of work Regular funds Public Works funds Total New work....... ... ............................ ________..... $14, 922, 024 $1,040, 236 $15, 962, 260 Operation and maintenance, general ........................ __ 1 32, 556, 474-------------- 32, 556, 474 Total---- 47, 478, 498 1, 040, 236 48, 518, 734 1This amount includes $1,000 for removal of obstructions in Licking River under authority of sec. 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930. In addition, the sum of $1,621,349 was expended between Septem- ber 19, 1890, and June 30, 1936, in the operation of snag boats under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.......--------. $130, 000 $175,000 -$3, 600 -$1, 565 ..------------ $15, 962, 260 Cost___---------------- 159, 565 214,335 1, 753 ------------------------ 15, 962, 260 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ 905, 710 1, 154, 818 1, 100, 500 484, 615 655, 400 34, 205, 008 Cost.............---------------- 945, 710 1,076, 236 1,061, 900 476, 587 723, 270 34, 177, 823 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project--------------- $182, 000 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT This district comprises portions of southern Kentucky, southwestern Virginia, western North Carolina, northern Georgia and Alabama, northeastern Mississippi and practically all of Tennessee except the western portion, and embraces the drainage basins of the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers and their tributaries. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Cumberland River, Tenn. 9. Center Hill Reservoir, Ohio and Ky_ 831 River Basin, Tenn ... 857 2. Tennessee River, Tenn., Ala., 10. Coal Creek and tributaries and Ky_ . 842 (Lake City), Tenn .... 860 3. Other authorized navigation 11. Paint Rock River, Ala ..... 861 projects. . 848 12. Ohio River Basin, Nashville, Flood control Tenn., district_ . 862 13. Other authorized flood con- 4. Middlesboro, Cumberland trol projects_- - 864 River Basin, Ky 848 14. Flood control work under 5. Pineville, Cumberland River special authorization ... 864 Basin, Ky 849 6. Barbourville, Ky 851 7. Wolf Creek Reservoir, Ohio General investigations River Basin, Ky- 852 8. Dale Hollow Reservoir, Ohio 15. Examinations and surveys - 865 River Basin, Tenn. and 16. Collection and study of basic Ky _ .. 855 data_-- 865 1. CUMBERLAND RIVER, TENN. AND KY. Location. This river is formed by the junction of Poor and Clover Forks in Harlan County, Ky., about 692.8 miles above its mouth, and flows west to Burnside, Ky., from whence it makes a loop south- westward into Tennessee, passes Nashville, and returns northwestward to Kentucky, emptying into the Ohio near Smithland, Ky. (See U. S. Geological Survey base maps of Tennessee and Kentucky.) Previous projects. Below Nashville: The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1832, made the first appropriation for this section of the river, but the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, was the first to define a project for its improvement. The River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890, adopted a special project for the improve- ment of the mouth of the river. For further details see page 1901 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1208 of Annual Report for 1938. Above Nashville: Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 14, 1876, March 3, 1881, and July 5, 1884. For further details see page 1898 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1208 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. Below Nashville: Prior to adoption of the 9-foot navigable channel defined in succeeding paragraphs, the project for 831 363037-55-vol. 2 53 832 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 this section of the river provided for the construction of locks and dams A, B, C, D, E, and F, and dredging in the 43.6 miles from lock F to the mouth to secure 6-foot navigation at extreme low water from the mouth to lock and dam 1, Nashville, Tenn. (188.4 miles above the mouth), the first lock constructed under the project for the section of the river above Nashville. The surmounting of dams A to F with movable crests was also provided. Dredging in the lower river was made unnecessary by the construc- tion of lock and dam 52, Ohio River, which created a pool of more than 6-foot depth from lock F to the mouth. The cost of new work for completion of the 6-foot navigation project was $4,706,883, excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The prinicipal features of the locks and dams included in the project are given in the following table: Lock A 1 Lock B Lock C Nearest railroad station- .... _ Fox Bluff, Tenn. at Hickory Point, Tenn., Sailors Rest, Tenn., station. 210/ miles. 1 mile. Distance above mouth of river__ 150.6 miles_ _- 140.3 miles...----------....108.5 miles. Lock dimensions 2 ___________ 52 by 280 feet _----- 52 by 280 feet -_-__ 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool level -__ _ 371.9 feet, mean sea 358.6 feet, mean sea 346.8 feet, mean sea level. level. level. Lift above normal pool of dam 13.3 feet _________.._ 11.8 feet ___________ 12.3 feet. below. Depth on miter sills at normal f 10.5 feet, upper_-- _-- 10.1 feet, upper ------- 10.5 feet, upper. pool. 10.3 feet, lower------- 10.3 feet, lower- .... . 10.2 feet, lower. Character of foundation_________ Rock_________ . Rock__.- _____ _ Rock. Kind of dam Fixed--___________ Fixed-- . -........ __-- Fixed. Type of construction 3 -.. _..... Stone masonry lock, Concrete lock, timber Concrete lock, timber timber crib dam. crib dam. crib dam. Placed in operation ____________ Nov. 26, 1904 Nov. 9, 1916__________.. Sept. 2, 1918. .__________ Cost of lock and dam$__________ $490,011_____________ $679,683-_____ _____ - $721,381. Lock D Lock E Lock F Nearest railroad station ___ Cumberland City, Cadiz, Ky., 12 miles _ Eddyville, Ky., 1 mile. Tenn., 21 miles. Distance above mouth of river__ 88 miles__ _______ 66.3 miles ....-.... .. 43.6 miles. Lock dimensions 2 ___________ 52 by 280 feet __________.. 52 by 280 feet ________ 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool level----------- 334.5 feet, mean sea 323.6 feet, mean sea 313.5 feet, mean sea level. level, level. Lift above normal pool of dam 10.9 feet-...._....__ __ _ 10.1 feet-.. __.......... 11.5 feet. below. Depth on miter sills at normal f10.3 feet, upper -- 10.7 feet, upper ....... 10.6 feet, upper. pool. 110.3 feet, lower-....... 10.6 feet lower-...... 12.4 feet, 4 lower. Character of foundation_________ Rock 4______________ Rock 4--_____ ____ Rock. Kind of dam________________ Fixed -- _ _ Fixed __ Fixed. Type of construction 3- - -___0 Concrete lock, timber Concrete lock, timber Concrete lock, timber crib dam. crib dam. crib dam. Placed in operation___.. _____ ... Dec. 21, 1916__....__... Nov. 20, 1922________ Nov. 1, 1923. Cost of lock and dam-....__.... $629,255___________ $1,075,810 ________- $1,110,743. 1 Replaced by new facilities under modified project. 2 Clear width and length available for full width. 3 With concrete cap and movable crest. 4 Abutment founded on piles; dam partly on rock and partly on gravel. The extreme fluctuation in the stage of the river varies from about 23 to 60 feet at different localities. Fluctuations below extreme high water are so variable that it is impracticable to fix the stage commonly referred to on other streams as ordinary high water. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (Public Law 525, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), authorized the further improvement of the Cumberland River between the mouth and Nashville for 9-foot navigation; the increased project depth to be obtained by construction RIVERS AND HARBORS--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 833 of 3 moderate height dams with lockage facilities, designated as Kut- tawa (Eureka), Dover, and Cheatham, to replace the existing locks A to F, inclusive, below Nashville, and lock 1, above Nashville. (See H. Doe. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) In addition to supplemental au- thority granted in Public Law 396, 82d Congress, 2d session, approved June 19, 1952, which provided for the construction of hydroelectric power-generating facilities at Cheatham Dam, river mile 148.7, the River and Harbor Act of 1954 (Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) authorized further modification of the project for navigation on the Cumberland River, Tenn. and Ky., to provide, in lieu of the pre- viously authorized works at Kuttawa, mile 32.2, and Dover, mile 100.1, for the construction of a multiple-purpose improvement for naviga- tion, flood control, and hydroelectric power consisting of a dam, lock, and powerplant in the vicinity of mile 30.5 on the lower Cumberland River and a canal for navigation and other purposes connecting the proposed reservoir with the reservoir formed by Kentucky Dam on the Tennessee River. Provision of the interconnecting canal, equipped with controY' gates and involving excavation of a channel through the narrow watershed divide at a point about 2.5 miles upstream from the dam site, will make alternative routes available for naviga- tion between either the Cumberland or Tennessee Rivers and the Ohio River, and will afford integrated operation of Lower Cumberland and Kentucky Reservoirs through the diversion of flows in the inter- ests of flood control and power production. The current (1955) estimated cost of the modified project for 9-foot navigation and multiple-purpose development is $198,700,000. The principal features of the works of improvement are as follows: Dam and reservoir Lower Cumberland Cheatham Nearest town---------------------------- --............... Kuttawa, Ky. 11 Ashland City, miles. Tenn., 9 miles. Distance above mouth of river (miles)___ - ______ 30.5 .... ......... 148.7. Lock dimensions (feet) 1 .. 110 by 800-_-.....110 by 800. Lift at normal pool levels (feet) ...-.... -.--........... 57 ------------.. 26. Depths on guardsills at normal pool levels (feet) --------------- 20.0, upper 14.0, 17.0, upper 17.0,. lower. lower. Character of foundation...-----------------------------...... Rock------ ----- Rock. Dam: Type----------------------.-.-..-----------..... Concrete gravity Concrete gravity. and earthfill. Height (feet). .------ ---------------------------....... 130_-----------.... 75. Length, exclusive of lock section (feet)-------------------- 7,785------------- 800. Spillway: Gross length (feet)__ ----________ -- 852--------------- 480. Net length opening (feet)____------.-....__- ... __-..... . 700------------- 420. Crest gates: Type --------------------------------------------- Vertical-lift .-. - Tainter. Number ------------------------------------------ 20 ----- - -- -- - 7. Size (feet) . ._ -------------------- ----- --- -.. 35 by 45 _----- __ 60 by 27. Operating levels at dam (feet, mean sea level): Full pool-- .------------------------------------------------ 375--- .-------- 385. Normal pool---------------------------------------------... 359---------------- 385. Conservation pool___------------------ - -__- __________ 354---------------- 382. Reservoir area (acres)____________ ... ...... .___ _______.. __ 96,000.---.------ 7,450. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet): Flood control------- ------------ --............ . .. .. ...... 21,273,000- ..--. Power drawdown ---............... - 282,000.......___ 3 19,800. Dead storage.------------------- . . . --- 693,000______.... 84,200. Total--- -- - - - -- - - - -- - - - -- - - - -- - - - .... 2,248,000......... 104.000. See footnotes at end of table. 834 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Dam and reservoir Lower Cumberland Cheatham Canal: Length (miles) ........................-----------------------------------............ 1.5............... Bottom width (feet)----------------------------------------- 600-....---__..... Depth at minimum pool level (feet)...--......---------------........... 24_............... Power development: Number ofunits-----.......------------------------------ 5---------------- 3. Generator rating (kilowatts) .--...-----------------------............... 26,000....--..-------- 12,000. Total installation (kilowatts) -------............-----------------------..... 130,000__----------36,000. Percent of project completion ------------ -_------ - ------------------- 53. Year opened to navigation_-____ ................----------------------- 1952. Estimated cost: Construction---------................---------------------.......... $112, 710, 000 $29, 616,500 Lands and damages-------............-------------------------------............ 54,290,000 2, 083, 500 Total.....----------------------------------------------....167, 000, 000 31, 700, 000 1Clear width and length available for full width. a Normal operation (elevation 375-359) during nonflood season; flood control allowance to be increased to 1,555,000 acre-feet (elevation 375-354). a Daily pondage allowance; run-of-river project. The existing project for the section below Nashville was author- ized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13,1892 Provision made for lock A. .. ...----------------------Annual Report, 1890, p. 2151. June 25,1910 Provision made for locks B to F, and for dredging H. Does. 758, 60th Cong., 1st sess., below lock F. and 1481, 1 60th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30,1935 2 Repairing dams A to F, inclusive, and surmounting H. Doc. 38, 73d Cong., 1st sess. same with movable crests. July 24,1946 Provision of 9-foot channel by the construction of 3 H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess. moderate height dams below Nashville; viz, Kut- tawa (Eureka), Dover, and Cheatham. June 19,1952 Provision for hydroelectric power production as a ------------------ function of Cheatham Dam. Sept. 3,1954 Construction of Lower Cumberland dam and reser- S. Doc. 81, 83d Cong., 2d sess. voir project for navigation, flood control, hydro- electric power,' and related purposes in lieu of Kuttawa and Dover navigation-only structures. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. Above Nashville: The River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, March 2, 1907, March 2, 1919, and June 5, 1920, provided for the construction of locks and dams 1 to 17 and 21 to secure 6-foot navi- gation at low water from Nashville (lock and dam 1, 188.4 miles above the mouth) to Waitsboro Shoals (a distance of 324.6 miles), and 4-foot navigation from Waitsboro Shoals to Burnside (3 miles); provision also being made for the periodic removal of snags and similar obstructions from Nashville (lock and dam 1) to Burnside (327.6 miles). The project as modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, further provided for raising dam No. 1 by 3 feet (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc.26, 70th Cong., 2d sess.). Under the above authority, locks and dams 1 to 8, inclusive, and 21 were completed and placed in operation during the period 1888- 1924. The raising of dam 1 by installation of crest wickets was RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 835 completed in October 1931. Proposed locks and dams 16 and 17 were eliminated from the project upon authorization of Wolf Creek Reservoir (p. 852), the construction of which has also resulted in the permanent inundation of lock and dam 21. The principal features of locks and dams 1 to 8, inclusive, are given in the following tabulation; for comparable details on lock and dam 21 (abandoned) and the other structures contemplated under the project, see Annual Report for 1950: Lock 1 1 Lock 2 Lock 3 1 Lock 4 1 Nearest railroad sta- Nashville, Tenn., Madison, Tenn., Hendersonville, Gallatin, Tenn., & tion. 21 miles. 11 miles. Tenn., 3 miles. miles. Distance above mouth 188.4 miles........ 201 miles.......... 218.1 miles-........ 237 miles. or river. 52 b y 280 fe e t .. . 52 b y 280 fe e t 52 b y 280 fe e t 52 b y 280 fe e t . Lock dimensions 2__..__ .. ..... .... . Normal pool level-..... 377.4 feet, mean 386.4 feet, mean 297.5 feet, mean 410.8 feet, mean sea level. sea level. sea level. sea level. Lift above normal pool 5.5 feet-.._....... 9 feet__,-----------.........11.1 feet.._-....... 13.3 feet. of dam below. Depth on miter sills at f9.5 feet, upper .... 7.5 feet, upper .... 6.6 feet, upper .... 7.9 feet, upper. normal pool. 110.5 feet, lower.... 9.5 feet, lower..... 7.5 feet, lower-_ 6.6 feet, lower. Character of founda- Rock ._---....... Rock_............. Rock.............. Rock. tion. Kind of dam- _____... Fixed----------- Fixed--..---------........ Fixed--- _-....-- Fixed. Type of construction-.- Stone masonry Stone masonry Stone masonry Stone masonry lock, timber crib lock, timber crib lock, timber crib lock, timber crib dam.a dam; concrete dam concrete dam; concrete cap.4 cap. cap.4 Placed in operation_ _ Nov. 26, 1904_..... Oct 9, 1907-........ Oct. 15, 1908-.... _. Nov. 17, 1909. Cost of lock and dam__ $395,634.......--------- $340,242---------........... $348,354---------........... $346,430. Lock 5 Lock 6 Lock 7 Lock 8 Nearest railroad sta- Lebanon, Tenn., Hartsville, Tenn., Carthage, Tenn., Carthage, Tenn., tion. 10 miles. 4 miles. 81 miles. 5 miles. Distance above mouth 264.7 miles........ 281.6 miles-........ 299.7 miles-........ 317 miles. of river. 2 Lock dimensions ..... 52 b y 280 fe e t - 52 by 280 fe e t .....-- - .... 42 b y 280 fe e t Normal pool level .....421.5 feet, mean 435.2 feet, mean 445.5 feet, mean 458.2 feet, mean, --.....5 2 by 280 fe e t . sea level. sea level. sea level. sea level, Lift above normal pool 10.7 feet .........13.7 feet- ........ 10.3 feet---------........... 12.7 feet. of dam below. Depth on miter sills at f6.6 feet, upper ....8.3 feet, upper .... 6.6 feet, upper-....6.7 feet, upper normal pool. 17.9 feet, lower-... 6.6 feet, lower. _- 8.3 feet, lower-. 6.7 feet, lower.. Character of founda- Rock _ _........ Rock-..-.......... Rock ........-----------. Rock. tion. Kind of dam---------........ Fixed.--_ _..-..-- Fixed............. Fixed.._.--------. Fixed. Type of construction... Stone masonry Stone masonry Stone masonry Concrete lock. tim- lock, timber crib lock, timber crib lock, timber crib ber crib dam. dam; concrete dam; concrete dam; concrete cap. caps. caps. Placed in operation.... Oct. 18, 1909....... Oct. 21, 1910 ......Oct. 18, 1910.._.... Sept. 15, 1924. Cost of lock and dam... $373,590. $369,357-.....--------...... $378,568---------........... $680,915. 1 Replaced by new facilities under modified project. 2Clear width and length available for full width. 3 With concrete cap and movable crest. 4With timber cap set on concrete cap. The extreme fluctuation in the stage of the river varies from about 20 to 40 feet at different localities. Fluctuations below extreme high water are so variable that it is impracticable to fix the stage commonly referred to on other streams as ordinary high water. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (Public Law 525, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) also authorized, in addition to the further improvement for navigation between the mouth and Nashville, the 836 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 construction of Old Hickory, Carthage, and Celina Dams above Nashville for navigation and power. The cost (1955) including a lock at Old Hickory, is estimated as $123,100,000. Prosecution of the modified project for this section of the river will eliminate ex- isting locks and dams 2 to 8, inclusive, and precludes further con- sideration of the previously projected locks and dams 9-15, inclusive. (See H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) The principal features of the authorized reservoir units are as follows: Dam and reservoir Old Hickory Carthage Celina N earest town. .__....__._.___.__.... ..... __ Old Hickory, Carthage, Tenn., Celina, Tenn., 5 Tenn., 3 miles. 5 miles. miles. Distance above mouth of river (miles) .... _ 216.2 ............-- 313.5.-------... 385.7. Lock dimensions (feet) 1_______....._._ 84 x 400- .------- .................... Lift at normal pool levels (feet)_.._.._._.___ 60----------.... -- - - - - - - - - - Depths on guard sills at normal pool levels 17.0 upper, 13.0 .................... (feet). lower. Character of foundation___ __......._....__ Rock---------- Rock----------....... Rock. Dam: Type ... .......--------------- Concrete gravity Concrete gravity Concrete gravity and earthfill.. and earthfill. and earthfill. Height (feet) ..........................--------- 98 ................98------- 86. -........ Length (feet)....................------------- 3,605 2---------- 1,258............ 2,298. Spillway: Gross length (feet)__ __ ...... _ 325---------------- 265_------------ 290. Net length opening (feet) .......--------- 270--------------- 225------- 250. Crest gates: Type-------------------------- Tainter .------- Tainter--____-_ Tainter. Number------------------ 6--------------- 5-------------- 5. Size (feet)------------------- 45 by41.----- - 45by41.--------- 50by37. Operating levels at dam (feet, msl): Maximum regulated surcharge-........ 450----------_..... 508-------... . .. . 555. Normal pool_------------------- 550. 500............------------ 445---------..--........... Conservation pool_ .. ... ....... __ 442-__ .. . .. 549. 497------------........... Reservoir area (acres) ...... _...._..._ 27,450........... 15,000.......--------.... 13,150. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet): Flood control 3________ __ 125,000.....--_---_ 106,000............ 59,000. Pondage allowance for power ...- ...- . 63,000............ 32,000............ 10,000. Dead storage ..... ___ .-..._._ ...... .. 357,000--........._ 217,000-........--- 179,000. Total ....---------------------------. 545,000_....._.. 355,000-........... 248,000. Power development: k Number 9 of units Generator rating (kilowatts) ....---------.. 25,000-------- 4------------- 4---------------- 3. 23,000..........--- 23,000. Total installation (kilowatts) ----- ---100,000-....._----- 92,000--...-----... 69,000. Percent of project completion .....-- ...---- 73 ..------------ Year opened to navigation ____..__...__._ 1954 ..-----. . . . . . Estimated cost: Construction_____ .... __............ $38, 542, 100 $34,532,000 $28, 425, 700 .... Lands and damages_ __...... . 10, 257, 900 5, 468, 000 5, 874, 300 Total----------------..............---------- 48, 800, 000 40, 000, 000 34,300,000 1 Clear width and length available for full width. 2 Exclusive of lock section. a Surcharge storage. The existing project for the section above Nashville was author- ized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 837 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5,1886 Provision made for locks and dams; the Secretary of Annual Report 1884, p. 1663. War to determine the final plan of improvement Dimensions of the locks fixed in accordance with re- Annual Report 1888, p. 1622, and ports of Mar. 30, 1887, and Nov. 25, 1890. Annual Report 1892, p. 1933. Mar. 2,1907 Adoption of the report of the Board of Engineers, H. Doc. 699, 59th Cong., 1st sess. dated Feb. 26, 1906, limiting the lock and dam con- struction to locks and dams 1 to 7, and 21. Mar. 2, 1919 Provision made for locks and dams 8 to 17 .......-----------.. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 10, 63d Cong., 2d sess. June 5,1920 Authorizes work to proceed in Tennessee without waiting for action of local interests in Kentucky. July 3, 1930 Raising dam 1, 3 feet_.....-------------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 26, 70th Cong., 2d sess. June 26,19341 Operation and care of locks and dams prqvided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. July 24,1946 Construction of Old Hickory, Carthage, and Celina H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Dams above Nashville for navigation and the de- velopment of power resources. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. The current (1955) estimate of annual cost for operation and main- tenance of both sections of the river is $850,000. Local cooperation. Below Nashville: None required. Above Nash- ville: Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. At Nashville, Tenn., there is a 5-story terminal building 300 feet long and 140 feet wide, built of reinforced concrete, having large and convenient loading platforms, electric elevator and gantry crane, with railroad connections, municipally owned and open for public use. At Clarksville, Tenn., there is a privately owned warehouse with inclined tramway. Privately owned terminals for the transfer of petroleum products have been constructed at Dover, Clarksville, and Nashville, Tenn. There are also privately owned terminals located near Smithland, Ky., used for the transfer of rip- rap rock; at Dycusburg, Ky., for the transfer of fluorspar; at Clarks- ville, Tenn., for the transfer of sand and gravel; and at Nashville, Tenn., for the transfer of sand and gravel, scrap metals, and molasses. In addition to the foregoing there are many unimproved private land- ings along the river. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. a. Below Nashville: Operations for completion of the Cheatham unit of the existing proj- ect as modified for 9-foot navigation and multiple-purpose develop- ment were continued. All items of work under the continuing contract for construction of the dam were completed. Approximate quantities of the major items of work accomplished were: Common excavation, 8,230 cubic yards; rock excavation, 8,195 cubic yards; line drilling, 290 square feet; concrete placed, 65 cubic yards; miscellaneous steel and pipe placed, 51,900 pounds; and sheet piling for cofferdam, 460,700 pounds. Under a modification to the contract, the permanent upper miter and guard sills of the lock were completed, all temporary navigation facilities were removed, and the lock reopened for permanent naviga- tion. The major items of work accomplished under the modification were: Concrete placed, 2,400 cubic yards; fill, ansd and gravel, 2,800 cubic yards; miscellaneous metal and pipe, 18,000 pounds. 838 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Partial design of the powerplant by contract was completed, and a continuing contract was awarded for construction of the powerhouse substructure. Construction operations included: Rock excavation, 1,900 cubic yards; line drilling, 5,950 square feet; concrete placed, 9,600 cubic yards; and reinforcing steel placed, 412,000 pounds. Work was continued under contracts for turbine and generator manufacture, and additional supply contracts were awarded during the year for the following items of dam and powerhouse equipment: Intake gates and bulkheads; main power transformers, with lightning arresters; draft tube gates; bulkheads, guides and dogging devices; and governors for hydraulic turbines. Bids for the 175-ton power- house crane were received. Negotiations with respect to necessary roadway relocations in Cheatham County, Tenn., were continued. Protective measures for the railroad facilities affected by the Cheatham pool were accomp- lished by and under an agreement with the Tennessee Central Railway. Also initiated and completed during the year were the demolition and removal by contract of required portions of locks and dams A and 1. In addition to preparation and issuance of plans and specifications for the Government-furnished material and equipment items con- tracted during the year, hired labor operations included completion and issuance of such for the following: Additional (Group 3) reser- voir clearing; accessory electrical equipment; 15-ton draft tube crane; 50-ton intake gantry crane; 175-ton powerhouse crane; and power- house shop equipment. Remaining work by hired labor incident to preparation of contract plans and specifications for the powerhouse was essentially completed. Land acquisition activities were contin- ued; 5,562 acres within the reservoir area being acquired in fee simple, and 935 acres in easement. The costs for new work were $2,755,559. Channel work by Government plant and hired labor consisted of removing 2,100 cubic yards of mud, 1,235 snags, and 150 boulders from the channel, and dredging 68,555 cubic yards of material at the fol- lowing sites: 38,490 cubic yards at Big Horse Ford (mile 35.96 to mile 36.80); 20,360 cubic yards at Cumberland City Ferry Bar (mile 103.99 to mile 104.29) ; and 9,705 cubic yards at Upper Kuttawa Bar (mile 40.7 to mile 41.0). The cost of channel maintenance was $70,043. b. Above Nashville: Construction under the modified project for this section of the river was continued under contracts for features of the Old Hickory unit. Under the continuing contract for con- struction of the powerplant, the following quantities of major items of work were accomplished: Common excavation, 11,070 cubic yards; rock excavation, 92,390 cubic yards; line drilling, 38,750 square feet; and concrete placed, 33,860 cubic yards. Government-furnished items of powerhouse equipment were received on the project as follows: Turbines and generators; 275-ton crane; 15-ton gantry crane; main power transformers and reactors; 75-ton crane; accessory electrical equipment; recording, controlling and hydraulic meter switchboard; main auxiliary switchboard and transformers; control centers and lighting switchboard; oil circuit breakers; and disconnect switches. Miscellaneous activities under outstanding supply contracts for gov- ernors, main control switchboard annunciator equipment, and 15-kilo- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 839 volt (3-conductor) gas-filled cable were continued in accordance with delivery schedules. Contracts for Group 2 reservoir clearing (4,949 acres) and the re- moval and reinterment of 92 remains from cemeteries subject to inun- dation by the reservoir were initiated and completed during the year. Work under an agreement with Sumner County, Tenn., for the relo- cation of county roads affected, was also completed. Necessary road- way relocations were continued under a contract with Wilson County, and commenced under agreements reached during the year with Smith and Trousdale Counties, Tenn. Contracts were negotiated with the city of Nashville (Electric Power Board) for adjustment of power- lines and facilities, with the Hendersonville, Tenn., utility district for relocation of a water plant, and with the Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company for relocation of telephone lines; work thereunder being initiated by the agencies involved. A contract for the rearrangement and alteration of natural-gas lines of the Texas Eastern Transmission Corporation was completed, and negotiations were continued with the East Tennessee Natural Gas Company for similar requirements. Hired labor operations included preparation of plans and specifi- cations for additional (group 3) reservoir clearing, and demolition of locks 5 and 6, in addition to preparation and issuance of such for work items contracted during the year. Approximately 12,806 acres of land in the reservoir area were acquired; 9,653 acres in fee simple, 2,458 acres in easement, and 695 acres by transfer from another Government agency. Definite design studies for Carthage Dam, comprising investiga- tions and preliminary designs required for definition of overall fea- tures of the improvement, were prosecuted to a limited extent con- sistent with funds available and brought to about 73 percent comple- tion. Preliminary work (engineering and design) in connection with Celina Dam was suspended throughout the year. The costs for new work were $8,390,637. No channel maintenance costs were incurred. c.Operation and maintenance of structures: Locks A to F, Cheat- ham, Old Hickory, Nos. 1, 2, and 4 to 7, inclusive, were operated as required. Maintenance, improvement, and reconstruction work was held to a minimum in compliance with current policy concerning use of critical materials and equipment. Emptying valves were re- paired at locks D, E, and F; and general repair of dam C was com- menced. The cost of operation and maintenance of structures was $624,355. The total costs during the fiscal year were $11,840,593, of which $11,146,196 was for new work, and $694,397 for operation and maintenance, general. Condition at end of fiscal year. a. Below Nashville: Locks and dams A to F, inclusive, under the 6-foot navigation project for this section of the river were constructed during the period 1895-1923. The dates on which the individual units were completed and placed in operation are given in the tables under paragraph "Existing project". Full all-year project depth between the mouth and Nash- ville was obtained in December 1935, with completion of work for 840 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 surmounting the dams with movable crests. Subject to replacement by new facilities under construction, lock and dam A was closed to navigation on September 22, 1954, and the structures demolished. Under the authorized modification of the existing project for mul- tiple-purpose development, including further improvement below Nashville for 9-foot navigation, new work as a whole was approxi- mately 8 percent complete. Engineering and design were about 27 percent complete. Construction was commenced in April 1950 when operations were initiated under a continuing contract for construction of the Cheatham lock, access road, and operations building. The lock was placed in temporary operation on December 12, 1952, and completed for per- manent operation on August 7, 1954. The dam was constructed dur- ing the period August 1952 to October 1954. A contract for the powerhouse substructure, initiated in October 1954, was approxi- mately 22 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Work under supply contracts for turbines, generators, intake gates and bulkheads, main power transformers, and draft-tube gates, bulkheads, guides and dogging devices was in progress. Reservoir clearing under 2 contracts (2,275 acres) has been com- pleted, as have contracts for the following: Relocation of affected roads in 1 of 2 counties involved; cemetery removals (73 graves); necessary railroad relocation work; and demolition of locks and dams A and 1. Approximately 99 percent of the lands required for pur- poses of the project has been acquired; about 5,714 acres in fee simple, and 1,396 acres in easement. The Cheatham project as a whole was 53 percent complete. The total new work costs for this section to June 30, 1955, were $21,778,098, including $685,000 from Public Works funds. The total costs for channel maintenance were $844,293. b. Above Nashville: Prior to modification of the existing project for this section of the river in 1946, locks and dams 1 to 8, inclusive, and 21 had been completed; the initiation of work on lock and dam 1 in September 1888 marking the commencement of construction under the project. The dates on which the completed structures 1 to 8 were placed in operation are given in the table under paragraph "Existing project." Lock and dam 21, completed in October, 1911, has since been inundated by Wolf Creek Reservoir (described on p. 852), which also eliminated projected locks and dams 16 and 17. Operation of lock 21 was discontinued on May 4, 1947; custodial services only being maintained until May 31, 1949, at which time the structure was aban- doned. Lock and dam 1, demolished in connection with construction of the Cheatham project below Nashville, was closed to navigation on October 15, 1954. Locks and dams 3 and 4 were operated to June 12 and December 18, 1954, respectively, and have been inundated with partial filling of Old Hickory reservoir. The remaining facilities in conjunction with Old Hickory lock now in temporary operation, while maintaining a 6-foot channel above Nashville to the foot of Niagara Shoals, 331 miles above the mouth, provide for through traffic only to the vicinity of Carthage, Tenn., at river mile 308, the RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 841 present head of navigation. Owing to cessation of river traffic above that locality, lock 8 was placed in an inoperative status on November 30, 1951. New work under the authorized modification of the existing project for this section of the river, as a whole, was 30 percent complete. Engineering and design were 42 percent complete. Construction of Old Hickory under the modified project was com- menced in January 1952, and the contract for the lock and dam struc- tures has been completed. The lock was placed in temporary opera- tion on June 14, 1954. Work under a continuing contract for con- struction of the powerplant was initiated in March 1954, and was approximately 36 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Engineering and preparation of shop drawings only were in progress under the contract for the 15-kilovolt (3-conductor) gas-filled cable' item. The status of work under other outstanding contracts for Gov- ernment-furnished equipment was as follows: Governors, 25 percent complete; and main control switchboard, annunciator equipment, lightning arrestors, and carrier current equipment, 97 percent complete. Reservoir clearing under 2 contracts (15,440 acres) has been com- pleted, as have contracts for the following: Relocation of affected roads in 1 of 5 counties involved; rearrangement and alteration of natural-gas lines of the Texas Eastern Transmission Corporation; and cemetery removals (92 remains). Work under other relocation contracts in force at the end of the year had been brought to the following percentages of completion: Powerlines and facilities, city of Nashville, Tenn. (Electric Power Board), 90 percent; water plant, Hendersonville, Tenn., utility district, 85 percent; roads, Wilson County, Tenn., 77 percent; telephone lines, Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company, 55 percent; roads, Trousdale County, Tenn., 50 percent; and roads, Smith County, Tenn., 25 percent. Approxi- mately 28,931 acres, or 99 percent of the necessary reservoir lands, have been acquired; 25,738 acres in fee simple, 2,498 acres in easement, and 695 acres by transfer from another Government agency. The Old Hickory project as a whole was about 73 percent complete. The total new work costs for this section to June 30, 1955, were $39,611,257. The total costs for channel maintenance were $357,611. c. Operation and maintenance of structures: Locks B-F, 2, and 5-7, inclusive, and the new Cheatham and Old Hickory locks were in operation at the end of the year; the structures and appurtenances having been maintained in serviceable condition. The total costs under the existing project for the entire stream were $70,965,652, of which $61,389,355, including $685,000 from Public Work funds, was for new work, and $9,576,297 for operation and maintenance. Surplus property valued at $6,219 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. In addition, the sum of $3,266,706 was expended between July 1, 1905, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. 842 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated......... $2, 455, 200 $5, 250,000 $16, 255, 000 $18, 191, 680 $15, 508, 288 $67, 798, 822 Cost- -... . 1, 987,939 4,607,131 17, 016, 797 17,235, 708 11,146,196 2 62, 215, 608 Maintenance: Appropriated_--------- 527, 959 728, 000 558, 147 697, 500 662, 900 12, 850, 574 Cost ................. 608, 883 601, 109 686, 362 698, 351 694, 397 8 12, 843, 003 1 Includes $826,253 for new work and $3,266,706 for maintenance for previous projects. s In addition, surplus property valued at $315 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $5,904 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- -----. $3, 134, 087 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 12, 035, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --------------------------------------15, 169, 087 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------ 251, 588, 831 2. TENNESSEE RIVER, TENN., ALA., AND KY. Location. The Tennessee River is formed by the junction of the French Broad and the Holston Rivers in eastern Tennessee, 4.4 miles above the Gay Street Bridge at Knoxville, flows southwest into north- ern Alabama, thence in a generally westerly course across north Ala- bama, to the northeast boundary of Mississippi, thence nearly due north across Tennessee and Kentucky, entering the Ohio River at Paducah, 652.1 miles from the junction of the French Broad and Holston Rivers. (See U. S. Geological Survey base map of the Ten- nessee River Basin.) Previous projects. a. Above Chattanooga: Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, June 10, 1872, August 18, 1894, and July 25, 1912. b. Chattanooga to Riverton: Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, July 25, 1868, March 3, 1871, September 19, 1890; acts of April 26, 1904, and January 7, 1905; and River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1907, June 25, 1910, July 25, 1912, July 27, 1916, and March 3, 1925. c. Below Riverton: Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1868, September 19, 1890, August 18, 1894, March 3, 1899, and July 25, 1912. For further details see pages 1902 to 1906 Annual Report for 1915, pages 1190-1194, 1196-1216, and 1220-1222, Annual Report for 1929, and page 1216, Annual Report for 1938. The costs for permanent work were $15,123,219. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 843 Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (Pub- lic No. 520, 71st Cong., 2d sess.), authorized the permanent improve- ment of the river for a navigable depth of 9 feet at low water front the mouth to Knoxville, Tenn., a distance of about 650 miles, to be- obtained by the construction of low dams; provided, that under the: provisions of the Federal Water Power Act a high dam with locks may be substituted for any two or more of the low dams and built by private interests, States, or municipalities; and provided further, that in case high dams are built before the United States shall have. built the projected locks and low dams which are to be replaced, the United States shall contribute to the cost of the substituted structures an amount equal to the estimated cost of the work of navigation for- which subsitution is made. (See H. Doc. 328, 71st Cong., 2d sess.) The estimated cost of the authorized project as contained in House Document 328, 71st Congress, 2d session, exclusive of amounts ex- pended on previous projects, is $74,709,000 for new work and $40,000 annually for the maintenance and operation of each lock and dam. The latest published maps are in the project document. The above-mentioned act also authorized the appropriation of $5,- 000,000 for the prosecution of work on this project. The only con- struction performed by the Corps of Engineers thereunder was the construction of the lock at the General Joe Wheeler Dam and mis- cellaneous appurtenant improvements. No low dams were constructed under this authorization. The cost of new work completed by the Corps of Engineers is $2,244,- 236, excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The current (1955) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of chan- nels, the 10 locks, and dam 1 (including the locks constructed by the Tennessee Valley Authority and operated by the Corps of Engineers) is $800,000. Under the provisions of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, approved May 18, 1933 (Public Law 17, 73d Cong.), as amended by an act approved August 31, 1935, the Tennessee Valley Authority is given power to construct such dams in the Tennessee River as will provide a 9-foot channel and maintain a water supply for same from Knoxville to its mouth. The Tennessee Valley Authority program provided for obtaining the authorized 9-foot project by the construction of high dams and locks and utilization of certain locks and dams previously constructed under the jurisdiction of the Corps of Engineers. The following table contains information concerning various fea- tures of the locks and dams now comprising the existing 9-foot project: Location Lock Dam Dimensions Minimum depth on Estimated cost of Ci Name of project l Length Lift guard sills Per Year H Name Distance from ilesof project Width avail- h Character cent opened Kind Type of each lock above nearest town of able tion con to navi- dam construction and dam O chai- for Nor- Maxi- pletion ain ber full Nor- Maxi- Lower Upperpletion (feet) width mal mum (feet) (feet (feet)(feet) id (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) Kentucky ...------ -- 22.4 0.5 mile above Gil- 110 600 56. 0 73.3 12.7 11.0 Limestone_ 100 1942 Fixed_ Concrete and (2) bertsville, Ky. earthfill. O Pickwick Landing __ 206. 7 4.4 miles above Ham- 110 600 55. 0 63.0 12.8 10.0 ___do _..... 100 1937 do .-- .. do. ...... (5) burg, Tenn. No. 1 ... ...--------. - 256.8 0.3 mile above railroad 60 298 4.0 10.0 13. 7 4 11. 2 ___do___.... 100 1926 __-do __ Concrete_-- 5 $989, 215 bridge at Florence, Ala. Wilson_- 259.4 . 2.9 miles above Flor- 60 292 90.0 90.0 11.1 11.2 do 100 1927 -_do ---. do--........? 46, 973,540 General Joe Wheeler_ __ 274. 9 18.4 miles above Flor- 60 360 48.0 51. 5 13. 2 14. 7 ___do_______ 100 1934 .. ---- do __---... ___do _-_ 1, 796, 295 ence, Ala. Guntersville -----.---.. 349. 0 9.1 miles below Gun- 60 360 39. 0 45. 0 11.8 13.0 ___do ...... 100 1937 -- _do.._ Concrete and (3) tersville, Ala. earthfill. Hales Bar 10_ -- _ 431. 1 33.0 miles below Chat- 60 265 39. 0 41. 0 10. 7 16. 7 ___do_______ 100 1913 --.do_-. Concrete--...... 236, 389 tanooga, Tenn. Co Chickamauga ..-...... 471.0 6.9:miles above Chat- 60 360 49.0 53.0 13.8 10.0 ___do ______ 100 1937 ___do___ Concrete and (3) tanooga, Tenn. earthfill. cn Watts Bar .... -____. 529. 9 6.8 miles above Breed- 60 360 58. 0 70.0 11. 8 12. 0 Shale______ 100 1941 .--do--...... do. (3) C., enton, Tenn. C., Fort Loudoun ________ 602. 3 1.3 miles above Lenoir 60 360 72. 0 80.0 11. 8 12.0 Limestone_ 100 1943 -do......)do........ (3) City, Tenn. 1H. Doc. 328, 71st Cong., 2d sess., contains table, pp. 98-99, giving pertinent informa- 6 Tailwater in canal; flight of 2 locks. tion concerning low dams contemplated under 1930 project. Annual Report, Chief of 7 Constructed by Corps of Engineers under authority of sec. 124, National Defense Engineers, for 1938, pp. 1218-1219, contains similar information pertaining to low dams Act of June 3, 1916 (H. Doc. 1262, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). Actual cost of lock and dam. in addition to existing locks and dams, including those constructed or under construe- 8 Actual cost of lock only as constructed by Corps of Engineers; dam constructed by tion by the Tennessee Valley Authority. Tennessee Valley Authority. 2 Lock and dam constructed by Tennessee Valley Authority. 9 Actual cost to United States of existing lock; cost of existing lock and dam to power 3 Lock and dam constructed by Tennessee Valley Authority. Design for lock pre- company was about $6,686,700. Structure built under supervision of Corps of En- pared with Corps of Engineers forces and funds. gineers. 4 Minimum upper pool corresponding to fixed crest of dam. t0 Reconstruction of dam by Tennessee Valley Authority for raising pool level com- 5 Constructed by Corps of Engineers; actual cost of lock and dam. Crest of dam pleted in 1948. raised 1.7 feet by Tennessee Valley Authority in 1948. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 845 The functions of the Corps of Engineers, since adoption of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933 have been those of cooper- ation with the Authority through preparing (with Corps of Engineers forces and funds) the designs of locks at Pickwick, Guntersville, Chickamauga, Watts Bar, and Fort Loudoun Dams; and, in accordance with the general navigation laws placing con- trol and supervision over navigable waters in the Secretary of the Army, the Corps of Engineers: Operates and maintains all locks, lifts, or other facilities in aid of navigation; maintains navigation channels and safety harbors by performing all necessary dredging and snagging operations; examines and passes upon plans for all bridges, wharves, or other structures in navigable waters prior to construction, including construction plans involving the alteration or modification of existing channels; establishes harbor lines where essential to the preservation and protection of harbors; provides for removal of unlawful structures, including wrecks; cooperates and reviews plans of individuals, corporations--muni- cipal or private-in the improvement of navigable waters at their own expense and risk; issues rules and regulations governing the opening and operation of drawbridges, the transportation and dump- ing of dredgings or other material into navigable waters; promul- gates rules and regulations governing the use, administration, and navigation of navigable waters, including harbors thereof; compiles statistics of waterborne commerce. The division of responsibility regarding the project is outlined in memorandum of agreement dated July 11, 1946, between the Tennessee Valley Authority and the Corps of Engineers. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, requires no local cooperation in the construction of the alternate system of low dams. It does, however, provide that in case high dams are built before the United States shall have built the pro- jected locks and low dams which are to be replaced, the United States shall contribute to the cost of the substituted structures an amount equal to the estimated cost of the works of navigation for which subsitution is made. Terminal facilities. Public use river terminals with railroad connections, owned by the Tennessee Valley Authority, have been constructed at Decatur and Guntersville, Ala., and Chattanooga and Knoxville, Tenn. River terminals with railroad connections, munic- ipally owned, have been constructed at Sheffield, Ala., and Chat- tanooga, Tenn. The other public terminals are mostly unimproved landings. Government-owned facilities for the transfer of sulfur and toluene are located at Volunteer Ordnance Works, Tyner, Tenn.; and for the transfer of coal at Redstone Arsenal, Greene Grove, Ala., and at the following Tennessee Valley Authority steam-elec- tric powerplants along the river: Colbert, Wilson, and Widows Creek in Alabama; and Hales Bar, Watts Bar, and Johnsonville in Ten- nessee. Railroad inclines and sidings are available at Sheffield, Decatur, Hobbs Island, Guntersville, and Bridgeport, Ala., and Chat- 846 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tanooga, Tenn. Privately owned terminals have been constructed for the transfer of certain commodities as follows: Molasses at Knox- ville, Tenn.; automobiles and miscellaneous merchandise at Gun- tersville, Ala.; coal at Calvert City and Grand Rivers, Ky., Gunters- ville, Ala., and Chattanooga, Tenn.; grain at Decatur and Guntersville, Ala., and Chattanooga, Tenn.; petroleum products at Sheffield, Decatur, and Guntersville, Ala., Reidland, Ky., and Perryville, Chat- tanooga and Knoxville, Tenn. In addition to the foregoing there are many unimproved private landings along the river. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. No new work was ac- complished. Channel work by Government plant and hired labor consisted of driving 50 wood piles, replacing cables on 20 dolphins, and removing 7,000 cubic yards of material, 505 snags, and 1,500 cubic yards of mud from safety harbors and approach channels. The cost of channel maintenance was $54,127. Operation and maintenance of structures: All locks were operated and lock appurtenances and standby plant were maintained as re- quired. Maintenance, improvement, and reconstruction work was held to a minimum in compliance with current policy concerning use of critical materials and equipment. Repairs were made as follows: Floating guard wall at Kentucky lock; floating boom anchorages at Pickwick lock; and emptying and filling valves at lock 1. At Wilson lock, the bascule bridge was refloored, shock absorbers under the upper service gate were renewed, and materials were purchased for improvement of the traveling bitt and track for the towing unit. Overhaul of the Guntersville lock operating machinery was com- menced. Valve recess bulkheads were renewed and the lock esplanade repaved at Hales Bar lock. Overhaul of the operating machinery at Watts Bar lock was completed, as were operations for cleaning and painting the floating mooring bitts at Guntersville, Chickamauga, Watts Bar, and Fort Loudoun locks. Work under a contract awarded during the latter part of the year for installation of tile floors and thresholds in the lock 1 operations building and the central control station at Wheeler lock was essentially completed. The cost of oper- ation and maintenance of structures was $715,309. The total cost of operation and maintenance, general, during the fiscal year was $769,436. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was complete. Construction under the project was commenced in January 1933, when work was initiated on Wheeler lock. With the opening of Kentucky lock for permanent operation in September 1944, all projected locks and dams had been completed, affording a navigable depth of 9 feet between the mouth and Knoxville, Tenn. (head of river), except in the lock 1 canal and a short stretch in the upper reaches of Hales Bar pool. Dredging in the canal and the raising of dam 1 and Hales Bar Dam remaining under the Tennessee Valley Authority program to provide full project dimensions were completed by that agency in 1948. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 847 The table under the paragraph "Existing project" gives the year opened to navigation and other information concerning the 10 locks now in operation. The completed locks were operated and maintained under the perma- nent indefinite appropriation to the end of fiscal year 1935, as follows: Hales Bar, since November 1, 1913; lock (and dam) 1, since March 1, 1926; Wilson, since June 1, 1927; and Wheeler, since November 27, 1934. Subsequent to June 30, 1935, operation and maintenance of lock and dam 1, Hales Bar, Wilson, and Wheeler locks have been carried on with funds appropriated for the preservation and maintenance of river and harbors, as well as the following: Pickwick Landing lock, since September 1, 1937; Guntersville lock, since September 1, 1937; Chickamauga lock, since October 15, 1937; Watts Bar lock, since March 3, 1941; Kentucky lock, since February 10, 1942; and Fort Loudoun lock, since October 10, 1943. The total costs for the existing project were as follows: Costs FundsChannel Operation New work maintenance and mainte- Total nance Regular -------------------------------- $2, 244, 236 $2, 828, 804 1 $8, 132, 609 1 $13, 205, 649 Maintenance and operation- ................---------------------. 11, 665 11, 665 Increase of compensation, rivers and harbors 1919 (certified claims) ------------- 5----------------------- Total......-----------..--------------------........ 2, 244, 236 2, 828, 809 18, 144, 274 113, 217, 319 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $1,303 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. In addition, the sum of $2,889,149 was expended between 1890 and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improve- ment under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ___ _------------. __ .------------------------ ... $16, 251, 428 Cost.. _ ------------------------. ------------------------ ------------ 16,251,428 Maintenance: Appropriated---....... $603, 741 $573, 000 $636, 053 $677, 200 $748, 000 15, 013, 466 Cost ----------------- 624, 630 599, 614 719, 608 636, 009 769, 436 2 14, 978, 25& 1 Includes $14,007,193 for new work and $4,005,175 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $1,303 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 363037-55-vol. 2-----54 848 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 3. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Caney Fork River, Tenn 2......------------------- 1895 $27, 828 ....-------...------- (1) 2. Clinch River, Tenn. and Va. 3 1923 53, 949 $7, 873 4 $677, 000 3. Duck River, Tenn.-----------------------1887 5 - --- -- -- - -- --- - -- 13, 000 -------------- (1) 4. Elk River, Ala. and Tenn. ..... 1904 4, 000 -------------- (1) 5. French Broad 2- and Little Pigeon Rivers, Tenn. 7 5 1931 249, 605 33, 554 8 533, 000 6. Hiwassee River, Tenn. 7______________ 1923 113, 311 9, 754 4 83, 000 7. Holston River, Tenn.5---------------------1911 5, 714 -------------- (1) 8. Little Tennessee River, Tenn --------------- 1888 5, 510 -------------- (1) 9. Obey River, Tenn........------------------------1887 11, 500 -------------- (1) 10. Red River, Tenn------------------------- 1884 5, 000 ------------- (1) 11. South Fork of Cumberland River, Ky- .--.. 1892 11, 967 ---..........-----------.. (1) I Completed. 2Inactive. 3 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 532, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 4 Initial reference of record is contained in Annual Report for 1934; date of estimate not given. 5 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 6 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 428 and 489, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 7 Commercial statistics for this project are given in pt. 2 of report. 8 Last revised in 1928. 4. MIDDLESBORO, CUMBERLAND RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. This project is located at Middlesboro, Ky., on Yellow Creek, a tributary entering the Cumberland River about 660 miles above its mouth. Existing project. The improvement provides for a system of canals and levees around one side of the town, arranged so as to divert most of the headwaters of Yellow Creek away from the present channel through the heart of the city. The series of canals and levees are about 4 miles in length, beginning on Bennetts Fork at the western edge of the town and ending at Yellow Creek near the Middlesboro Tannery at the northern edge of the town. The cuts involved ex- cavation of approximately 695,000 cubic yards of material, of which about 410,000 cubic yards were utilized in the levee system. Besides construction of the diversion channel, there was other incidental work, which included the installation of culverts and the relocation and rebuilding of roadways and bridges. The project diverts from the business district and from a large part of the residential section the floodwaters which originate in that part of the basin lying north and west of the city, thus affording protection, in a large measure, to life and property from these headwater floods which cause the greatest damage. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936. The cost of the completed project is $817,830. The current (1955) estimate of annual cost for operation and main- tenance is $5,800. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Levees, canals, and appurtenances were maintained by hired labor at a cost of $6,062. Condition at end of fiscal year. Nw work under the existing project was completed in March 1945, w1 e, I:nl settlement was made with l the city of Middlesboro in connection with the acquisition and trans- FLOOD CONTROI---NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 849 fer to the United States of rights-of-way and flowage easements. Construction of the canal and levee system, initiated in May 1938, was completed and the improvement placed in operation in December 1939. Relocation work was completed in September 1940. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $881,014, of which $817,830, including $38,876 from Emergency Relief funds, was for new work and $63,184 for maintenance. In addition surplus property valued at $4 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending, June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated __ __ -------- __ __ ------------ . $817 830 Cost_ --- _ ------------------ __ 817, 830 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... $2, 000 $3, 000 $8, 500 $11, 800 $4, 000 64, 000 Cost -.. - 4, 774 4, 259 7, 834 9, 579 6, 062 1 63, 184 I In addition, surplus property valued at $4 was transferred to tie project without reimbursement. 5. PINEVILLE, CUMBERLAND RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. This project is located at Pineville, Ky., on the Cumber- land River aboutJ655 miles above the: mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement comprises the con- struction of a system of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, with appurtenant facilities, to afford protection for the city and its resi- dential suburb, Wallsend, against a flood equal in magnitude to the maximum of record (1946). The freeboard allowance is 5 feet for the upstream section of the proposed works above Pine Street Bridge, and 3 feet downstream. Protection for Pineville proper is to be pro- vided by about 5,850 feet of concrete walls and two relatively short levee sections, 500 feet in total length, beginning at a connection with United States Highway No. 25E near the upstream limit of the city and following in general the top of the left bank of the Cumberland River to terminate in the approach to the Tennessee Avenue (Pine- ville-Wallsend) Bridge. Raising of the bridge and the provision of ramps or gated structures at necessary highway and street crossings will maintain access to the protected area. Two pumping stations, with appurtenant outlet works and intercepting sewers, will provide for the disposal of interior drainage. Including extension of a road- way ramp to high ground south of the intersection of United States Highway No. 25E with the Tennessee Avenue Bridge approach, the overall reach of the structures in the Pineville section of the project approximates 6,800 feet. On the right bank of the river provision is made for about 3,500 feet of earth levee to partially encompass Wall- send, beginning and terminating within a distance of 1,500 feet in the embankment of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad which runs along the northern edge of the community. Incidental construction in this section includes necessary ramp crossings, sewer modifications, and one pumping station. The project was authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 22, 1936. The estimated Federal cost of new 850 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 work (1955) is $1,720,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $450,000. Local cooperation. Subsequent to passage of the authorizing act,, local interests expressed inability to fulfill the requirements. Follow- ing the flood of January 1946, however, interest in the project was renewed, and informal assurances were furnished at a public hearing on April 27, 1946, and at a further meeting on December 22, 1947, relative to flood control in the upper Cumberland River Basin, that the conditions of local cooperation would be fully complied with. Formal and final assurances were accepted by the Corps of Engineers on May 15, 1953. Bonds in the amount of $200,000 of an issue voted for financing the city's share of the project costs were sold on January 5, 1953, and the acquisition of necessary lands and rights-of-way initiated. Additional bonds in the amount of $250,000 were sold on February 1, 1954. Properties affected by completed works and con- struction underway have been acquired. Regular contact is main- tained with city officials relative to local responsibilities, and they have demonstrated the ability to meet the requirements for construc- tion as scheduled. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction operations toward completion of the Pineville section of the project were con- tinued. With completion of the contract for unit 2-Interior drain- age, the following quantities of the major items of work were ac- complished: Placement of 2,286 feet of sewer pipe (1,510 feet, 42-inch; 169 feet, 36-inch; 371 feet, 24-inch; 236 feet, 21-inch) ; and installation of 7 manholes, 2 catch basins, and 1 gravity outlet structure. Under a continuing contract for unit 2, floodwalls and levee, initiated during the latter part of the year and brought to about 4 percent completion, the approximate quantities of work performed were: Clearing and grubbing, 85 percent; excavation, stripping, 6,700 cubic yards; excava- tion, unclassified, 1,150 cubic yards; compacted backfill, 1,280 cubic- yards; and abandoned sewers plugged, 19. Hired labor operations consisted of engineering and design. Defi- nite design studies for pumping plants in both sections of the project and plans and specifications for work contracted during the year were completed. Plans for raising the Tennessee Avenue Bridge also were completed and forwarded to the Kentucky Highway Department. That agency is to design and plan the ramped approaches and let reimbursable contracts covering the entire bridge alteration. The preparation of contract plans and specifications for remaining fea- tures of the project was well advanced. The costs during the year for new work were $155,865. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under contract for the first unit of construction was initiated in July 1953, and completed in June 1954. Unit 1 embraces about 2,940 feet of the floodwalls and related drainage facilities designed for protection of Pineville proper, be- ginning within 360 feet of the upstream limit of the proposed works. and extending along Cumberland Avenue to a point about 750 feet below the Pine Street Bridge. With partial completion during the. fiscal year of construction unit 2, comprising about 250 feet of embank- ment and the remaining floodwalls and drainage facilities; (exclusive- of pumping plants) in the Pineville section, the project as a whole FLOOD CONTROL---NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 851 was 35 percent complete. Engineering and design were 80 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $608,825 for new work. Cost and fnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ... ..... - $25, 000 $249, 000 $400, 000 $230. 000 $904, 000 'Cost - -......... -- -------- 62, 529 390, 431 155, 865 608, 825 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ $60, 208 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __- 816, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------- 876, 208 6. BARBOURVILLE, KY. Location. The project is located at Barbourville in Knox County, Ky., on the right bank of the Cumberland River at mile 635.2. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of local flood protection works at Barbourville, Ky., which consist principally of a system of levees having an average height of 15 feet, beginning at a point where branches of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad enter the main line northeast of town and fol- lowing in general the top of bank of Richland Creek and the Cumber- land River a distance of about 18,500 feet to terminate into the Louisville & Nashville Railroad embankment southeast of the town. Provision for a low area immediately across the railroad consists of regrading an adjoining high knoll and construction of a concrete and steel pile I-type wall, about 290 feet in length, having a gated open- ing to pass U. S. Highway 25E and extending to high ground beyond. Other' incidental construction includes 9 gravity outlet structures and 4 combined gravity outlets and pump stations, with intercepting ditches or pipelines, for disposal of interior drainage; and 6 ramps at road and street crossings. The proposed works will afford pro- tection for the town against the greatest flood of record (1946) with a freeboard of 3 feet. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $1,780,000 for construction (Federal) and $265,000 for lands and damages (non- Federal). Local cooperation. The plan of improvement and the requirements of cooperation were first discussed at a meeting with local interests on May 18, 1948. Formal assurances of cooperation, attested by an instrument executed by the city of Barbourville on August 13, 1953, were accepted by the Corps of Engineers on September 9, 1953. Bonds in the amount of $130,000 of an issue voted for financing the city's share of the project costs were sold on August 31, 1954, and the 852 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. SI ARMY, 1955 acquisition of necessary lands and rights-of-way initiated. Prop- erties affected by the first unit of construction have been secured. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design by hired labor were continued. Definite design studies on pumping plants were completed, in addition to preparation and issuance of plans and specifications for the first unit of construction. Unit 1, contracted near the end of the year, embraces 6,685 feet of levee and related drainage facilities, incluhding pumping plant outlets, begin- ning at a point about 420 feet downstream from the Walker Park (Kentucky Highway No. 459) Bridge across Richland Creek, then following the creek and main stream to the tie-in with the railroad embankment southeast of town. The costs during the year for new work were $23,972. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering and design were about 55 percent complete. Operations under the construction con- tract were initiated on June 23, 1955, and consisted principally of mobilization of forces and plant, acquisition of materials, and laying out the work areas. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $79,502 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated__..._ _____._________ $25, 000 $40, 000 $350, 000 $415, 00(1 Cost p _ -. _ _.... ... _13, 352 42, 178 23, 972 79, 502 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__ $185, 402' Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____ 600, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ 785, 402 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project________________________________ 765. 000 7. WOLF CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The site of the Wolf Creek Dam is on the Cumberland River, 460.9 miles above its mouth. It is in Russell County, Ky., and is about 10 miles southwest of Jamestown, Ky., and 12 miles north of Albany, Ky. Wolf Creek Reservoir extends 101 miles up the main- stream, 48 miles up the South Fork of Cumberland River, and lies within Russell, Clinton, Wayne, Pulaski, McCreary, Laurel, and Whitley Counties, Ky. Existing project. The plan of improvement provided for the con- struction of a combination earth and concrete gravity-type dam, 5,736 feet long and 258 feet in height above its lowest foundation; and a hydroelectric power-generating plant. The dam consists of a rolled earth embankment section extending 3,940 feet from the right abut- ment across the flood plain portion of the valley, and a concrete struc- ture, 1,796 feet in length, comprised of spillway, power intake, and FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 853 adjacent nonoverflow sections, connecting the embankment with the left abutment. The spillway contains 6 gate-controlled conduits and is surmounted with 10 tainter crest gates to provide for regulating and discharging flood flows. The powerhouse, a reinforced concrete structure of the conventional indoor type, is located directly at the downstream base of the power intake section of the dam through which six penstocks were constructed. The power installation con- sists of six 45,000 kilowatt generating units. The project is one unit of a coordinated plan for the control of floods and the development of the water resources of the Cumberland River Basin, this plan in turn forming an integral part of the comprehensive plan of development for the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. At maximum controlled pool level, top of spillway crest gates, the reservoir covers an area of 63,530 acres and provides a storage capacity of 6,089,000 acre-feet, of which 2,094,000 is allocated for flood control and 2,142,000 for power draw- down, leaving a minimum pool of 1,853,000 acre-feet available at all times for public use and conservation purposes. The drainage area controlled is 5,810 square miles or approximately one-third of the Cumberland River Basin. The project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and the additional authorization contained in the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. The current (1955) estimated cost of the project, including the six-unit power installation, is $79,178,000. The estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project (1955) is $440,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act Approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: A contract for painting the interior of the generator room was initiated and completed during the year, the required specifications having been pre- pared by hired labor. Hired labor operations also included prepara- tion and issuance of plans and specifications for construction of a public overlook and comfort station at the project site; preparation of specifications for the repair of turbine runners; acquisition and partial rehabilitation of a motor crane as permanent operating equipment; and the construction of a warehouse and equipment shed, including general cleanup and landscaping. Real estate activities consisted of legal action in connection with pending condemnation cases; comple- tion of investigations with respect to lands affected by flows from maximum power production, which may necessitate acquisition of additional easements; negotiations regarding damages to county roads below the dam; and continuation of action to acquire flowage ease- ments over 5,324 acres of land from another Government agency. Operation and maintenance: The dam was operated and the struc- tures and appurtenances maintained as required. Operation of the powerplant was continuous except for normal interruptions and nec- essary shutdowns for inspection and maintenance purposes. Under existing regulations, the total net energy generated (819,442,000 kilo- watt-hours) was made available through the Department of the In- terior to the Tennessee Valley Authority for distribution. Regulation of the reservoir during the year was limited to releases for the generation of power, except during the periods March 18-21, 854 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and March 23-April 19, 1955, when releases were made to empty the flood control portion of the reservoir. The maximum release of 35,700 cubic feet per second was made on April 8, 1955. The average pool elevation was 702.4 feet, which is 20.6 feet below the spillway crest level. Reservoir storage varied from a minimum of 2,031,000 acre- feet on February 5, 1955, corresponding to a pool elevation of 677.9 feet, to a maximum of 4,924,000 acre-feet on March 26, 1955, corre- sponding to elevation 740.5. During the occurrence of a flood in March 1955, the combined effect of this project and the Dale Hollow and Center Hill Reservoirs resulted in computed crest reductions on the Cumberland River of 20.6, 21.3, 6.2, 4.2 and 2.1 feet at Celina, Car- thage, Nashville, Clarksville, and Dover, Tenn., respectively. Activities under the reservoir management program, comprising :shoreline sanitation, malaria control, conservation, land management and disposal, and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The costs were $382,312, of which $69,034 was for new work and $313,278 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was 99 per- cent complete. Construction of right and left bank access roads and the provision of a temporary construction camp at the project site for Government inspection personnel were completed during early stages of the project. Work under the original contract for con- struction of the dam and appurtenant works was begun in August 1941, but was terminated in 1943 in interest of the war effort, when only about 8 percent complete. Under a new continuing contract awarded for completion of the dam, work was commenced in Septem- ber 1946 and completed in August 1951. Closure of the dam was effected in December 1950, at which time the project was placed in operation for flood control. The powerplant was constructed during the period November 1949-March 1953, with the six power units being placed in operation on the following dates: October 6, 1951; October 31, 1951; December 16, 1951; March 17, 1952; July 24, 1952; and August 22, 1952. Reservoir operations including mapping (731 square miles), clear- ing (48,775 acres), removal and salvage of improvements (91,475 acres), and necessary relocations have been completed. Acquisition has been completed on 92,749 acres in fee simple and 579 acres in easement. The principal items of work remaining for full accomplishment of the project involve settlement of pending claims, and other rela- tively minor activities, under the land acquisition program; corrective work with respect to improvement of the powerplant transiloil system, including related engineering and design; construction of public overlook and comfort station; and completion of project "as constructed" drawings and operation manuals. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $79,760,550, of which $78,- 569,246 was for new work and $1,191,304 for operation and mainte- nance. In addition, surplus property valued at $39,043 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. FLOOD CONTROL---NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 855 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ...- . $22 000. 000 $2,000, 000 -$2,040,000 - -___.-- $340, 176 $79, 178, 000 Cost .... _____ _..-- . 14, 203, 729 7, 445, 666 1, 386, 018 $258, 345 69, 034 178, 569, 246 Maintenance: Appropriated .....- .. 117. 000 254, 000 231, 400 311, 900 287, 000 1, 201, 300 Cost---------................. 71, 034 213, 044 288, 769 305, 179 313,278 2 1, 191, 304 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $38,592 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $451 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $592, 407 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 80, 1956--------------------------- ------------- 592, 407 8. DALE HOLLOW RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, TENN. AND KY. Location. Dale Hollow Dam is located on the Obey River 7.3 miles above its confluence with the Cumberland River (mile 380.9) at Celina, Tenn. It is in Clay County, Tenn., and is about 80 miles northeast of Nashville, Tenn., 28 miles north of Cookeville, Tenn,., 13 miles west of Byrdstown, Tenn., and 3 miles east of Celina, Tenn. Dale Hollow Reservoir extends about 51 miles up the main stream, 10 miles up the East Fork, and 6 miles up the West Fork of Obey River, and lies within Cumberland and Clinton Counties, Ky., and Clay, Pickett, Overton, and Fentress Counties, Tenn. Existing project. The plan of improvement provided for construc- tion of a concrete gravity-type dam, 1,717 feet long and 200 feet in height above its lowest foundation; and a hydroelectric power generat- ing plant. The dam consists of spillway and power intake sections across the flood plain portion of the valley width, flanked by nonover- flow transition sections terminating in the abutments. Four gate- controlled conduits through the base of the spillway section and six tainter crest gates provide for regulating and discharging flood flows. The powerhouse, a reinforced concrete structure of the conventional indoor type, is located directly at the downstream base of the power intake section of the dam through which three penstocks were con- structed. The power installation consists of three 18,000-kilowatt generating units. The project is one unit of a coordinated plan for the control of floods and the development of the water resources of the Cumberland River Basin, this plan in turn forming an integral part of the comprehensive plan of development for the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. At maximum controlled pool level, top of spillway crest gates, the reservoir covers an area of 30,990 acres and provides a storage capacity of 1,706,000 acre-feet of which 353,000 is allocated for flood control and 496,000 for power drawdown, leaving a minimum pool of 857,000 acre-feet available at all times for public use and conservation purposes. The drainage area controlled is 935 square miles or 99 percent of the Obey River Basin. The project was selected for con- struction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and the 856 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 additional authorization contained in the River and Harbor Act ap- proved July 24, 1946. The estimated cost (1955) of the project, in- cluding the 3-unit power installation, is $25,961,000. The current (1955) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project is $300,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Operations under a contract awarded near the end of the fiscal year for changes in the transil oil supply and return pipelines from the switchyard to the oil purification and storage rooms, and for water supply lines from within the powerhouse to a point of connection with the existing sup- ply line located in the switchyard, were not commenced. In addition to preparation and issuance of plans and specifications for the work contracted, hired labor operations included preparation of specifica- tions for the repair of turbine runners, acquisition of a motor crane as permanent operating equipment, and construction of a parking area at the project site. Operation and maintenance: The dam was operated and the struc- ture and its appurtenances maintained as required. Operation of the powerplant was continuous during the year except for normal inter- ruptions and necessary shutdowns for inspection and maintenance pur- poses. Under existing regulations, the total net energy generated (130,694,000 kilowatt-hours) was made available through the De- partment of the Interior to the Tennessee Valley Authority for distribution. Regulation of the reservoir during the year was limited to releases for the generation of power, with a maximum release for this purpose of 5,900 cubic feet per second. The average pool elevation was 642.2 feet, which is 8.8 feet below the spillway crest level. Reservoir storage varied from a minimum of 936,000 acre-feet on December 17, 1954, corresponding to a pool elevation of 634.50 feet, to a maximum of 1,512,000 acre-feet on March 24, 1955, corresponding to elevation 656.6. During the occurrence of a flood in March 1955, the combined effect of this project and the Wolf Creek (Lake Cumberland) and Center Hill Reservoirs resulted in computed crest reductions on the Cumberland River of 20.6, 21.3, 6.2, 4.2, and 2.1 feet at Celina, Carthage, Nashville, Clarksville, and Dover, Tenn., respectively. Activities under the reservoir management program, comprising shoreline sanitation, malaria control, conservation, land management and disposal, and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The costs were $264,036, of which $22,257 was for new work and $241,779 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was 99 percent complete. Work under the contract for construction of the dam and its appurtenances was initiated in March 1942, and final closure of the dam was effected in October 1943, at which time the project was placed in operation for flood control. The powerplant, with two 18,000-kilowatt generating units (initial development) in commercial operation, was completed in April 1949. Generating units Nos. 1 and 2 were placed on the line December 18, 1948, and January FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 857 26, 1949, respectively. Installation of the third and final generating unit (initiated in March 1952) was completed in December 1953, with the unit having been placed in commercial operation on November 17, 1953. All lands required for project purposes, totaling 52,496 acres, have been acquired; comprising 52,405 acres in fee simple, 89 acres of flow- age easements, and 2 acres of road easements. Reservoir operations including mapping (258 square miles), clearing (17,168 acres), re- moval and salvage of improvements, relocations, and development of management and public-use facilities have been completed. Construc- tion of relocated Tennessee Highway No. 42 Bridge, removal of 6 highway bridges, relocation of 2,293 graves, and clearing of 10,179 acres of the reservoir area were accomplished by contract. Work remaining for full completion of the project consists pri- marily of corrections to the transil oil system and necessary changes in powerhouse equipment to provide for one-man per shift operation of the plant. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $27,590,074, of which $25,891,- 745 was for new work and $1,698,329 for operation and maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $28,503 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ... Cost ------------- Maintenance: ----... _ -_ _ -$253, 597 $500, 000 516, 730 $1, 292, 100 1, 108, 431 -$40. 000 408, 870 -$100 22, 257 $25, 961, 000 125. 891, 745 Appropriated --------- 255, 400 241, 000 230, 700 224, 100 219, 000 1, 704, 100 Cost_-- .....- -. _ 213, 070 233, 233 250, 645 227, 417 241, 779 2 1. 698. 329 I In addition, surplus property valued at $28,383 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $120 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-- $60, 530 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------- ------- 60, 530 9. CENTER HILL RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, TENN. Location. The site of the Center Hill Dam is on the Caney Fork River, 26.6 miles above its confluence with the Cumberland River (mile 309.2) at Carthage, Tenn. It is in DeKalb County, Tenn., and is about 55 miles east of Nashville, Tenn., 30 miles north of McMinnville, Tenn., 20 miles west of Cookeville, Tenn., and 14 miles southeast of Carthage, Tenn. Center Hill Reservoir extends about 64 miles up the main stream and about 10 miles up Falling Water River and lies within DeKalb, Putnam, White, and Warren Counties, Tenn. Existing project. The plan of improvement provided for con- struction of a combination earth and concrete gravity-type dam, 2,160 feet long and 250 feet in height above its lowest foundation; and a hydroelectric power-generating plant. The dam consists of a 858 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 rolled earth embankment section extending 778 feet from the left abutment across the floodplain portion of the valley, and a concrete structure, 1,382 feet in length, comprised of spillway, power intake, and adjacent nonoverflow sections, connecting the embankment with the right abutment. The spillway contains six gate-controlled con- duits and is surmounted with eight tainter crest gates to provide for regulating and discharging flood flows. In addition to the main dam structure, the project provided for construction of a rolled earth dike, 770 feet in length, to close a saddle in the reservoir rim on the right bank near the dam site. The powerhouse, a reinforced concrete struc- ture of the conventional indoor type, is located directly at the down- stream base of the power intake section of the dam through which three penstocks were constructed. The power installation consists of three 45,000 kilowatt generating units. The project is one unit of a coordinated plan for the control of floods and the development of the water resources of the Cumberland River Basin, this plan in turn forming an integral part of the comprehensive plan of the development for the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. At maximum controlled pool level, top of spillway crest gates, the reservoir covers an area of 23,060 acres and provides a storage capacity of 2,092,000 acre-feet, of which 762,000 is allocated for flood control and 492,000 for power drawdown, leaving a minimum pool of 838,000 acre-feet available at all times for public use and conservation purposes. The drainage area controlled is 2,195 square miles, or approximately four-fifths of the Caney Fork River Basin. The project was selected for construc- tion under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin con- tained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 and the additional authorization contained in the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. The (1955) estimated cost of the project, including the 3-unit power installation, is $44,345,000. The (1955) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project is $345,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Modification of an agreement entered into with the State of Tennessee and DeKalb and Putnam Counties, Tenn., for a connecting access road from U. S. Highway No. 70N to the roadway across the dam, was effected near the end of the year to provide for changing the road surfacing from gravel to a bituminous surface treatment. Construction as originally proposed under the contract was completed. A contract for installing transil oil supply and return pipelines from the switchyard to the oil purification and storage rooms, by way of the existing cable tunnel, and for removing certain portions of the existing exposed piping was initiated and essentially completed. Construction of a public overlook and comfort station at the project site by contract was started. Hired labor operations included preparation and issuance of plans and specifications for the work contracted during the year, prepara- tion of specifications covering the repair of turbine runners, and acquisition of a crane as permanent operating equipment. Real estate activities were continued with legal action being taken in connection with pending condemnation cases. FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 859 Operation and maintenance: The dam was operated and the struc- ture and its appurtenances maintained as required. Operation of the powerplant was continuous except for normal interruptions and neces- sary shutdowns for inspection and maintenance purposes. Under existing regulations, the total net energy generated (374,317,000 kilo- watt-hours) was made available through the Department of the In- terior to the Tennessee Valley Authority for distribution. Activities under the reservoir management program, comprising shoreline sanitation, malaria control, conservation, land management and disposal, and operation and maintenance of public use facilities -were continued. Regulation of the reservoir during the year was limited to releases for the generation of power, except during the periods March 25- April 5 and April 8-13, 1955, when releases were made to empty the flood control portion of the reservoir. The maximum release of 30,400 cubic feet per second was made on March 31, 1955. The average pool elevation was 637.6 feet, which is 10.4 feet below the spillway crest level. Reservoir storage varied from a minimum of 920,000 acre-feet on December 20, 1954, corresponding to a pool elevation of 623.5 feet, to a maximum of 1,669,000 acre-feet on March 25, 1955, corresponding to elevation 665.5. During the occurrence of a flood in March 1955, the combined effect of this project and the Wolf Creek (Lake Cumberland) and Dale Hollow Reservoirs resulted in computed crest reductions on the Cumberland River of 21.3, 6.2, 4.2, and 2.1 feet at Carthage, Nashville, Clarksville, and Dover, Tenn., respectively. The costs were $358,971, of which $107,258 was for new work and $251,713 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was 99 per- cent complete. Work under the contract for construction of the dam, appurtenant works, and access roads was begun in March 1942, but was suspended in March 1943 in interest of the war effort, when about 40 percent complete. Operations were resumed in January 1946. Closure of the dam was effected in November 1948, at which time the project was placed in operation for flood control. Work under the prime contract as modified to include construction of the powerplant was completed in November 1951. Generator units Nos. 1, 2, and 3 were put in service commercially on December 11, 1950, January 17, and April 11, 1951, respectively. Work accomplished by the end of the year under the modified agreement with the State and Putnam and DeKalb Counties, Tenn., for access road construction, represented approximately 73 percent of the entire obligation of the Government under the contract. Cor- rection of the powerplant transil-oil system by contract was 97 per- cent complete. Preliminary work only under the contract for the project overlook and comfort station was accomplished. Reservoir operations, including mapping (178 square miles), clear- ing (15,850 acres), removal and salvage of improvements, cemetery removals, and relocation of Tennessee State Highway Nos. 26 (Sligo) and 56 bridges, have been completed. All necessary reservoir lands have been acquired; 37,744 acres having been obtained in fee simple, 87 acres in road and flowage easements, and 829 acres by transfer from another Government agency. In addition, a total of 427 acres of land 860 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 situated below the dam has been approved for acquisition in easement because of damages incurred from project operation. Of this amount, 368 acres have been acquired. Disposal action on transfer of 79 acres in road easements to the State of Tennessee has been completed. The principal items of work remaining for full accomplishment of the project involve completion of operations under outstanding con- tracts, settlement of land claims pending in Federal court, and com- pletion of project "as-constructed" drawings and operation manuals. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $45,272,952, of which $44,058,- 998 was for new work and $1,213,954 for operation and maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $55,528 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, idclud- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated......____ Cost___--------------- $6,260, 000 3, 848, 683 ____________ $472, 242 $239, 000 . 113, 679 $217, 454 - $107, 300 $44, 345, 000 107, 258 1'44, 058, 998 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- 244, 300 210, 000 234, 100 207, 300 241, 800 1, 222, 900 Cost----------------- 174, 178 224, 441 249, 857 228, 368 251, 713 1, 213, 954 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $55,528 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_-_ - $176, 676 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____________________________________________ 176, 676 10. COOAL CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES (LAKE CITY), TENN. Location. The project is located at Lake City, Tenn., on Coal Creek, which rises in northern Anderson County, Tenn., flows northeasterly and easterly about 12 miles, and discharges into the Clinch River (a tributary of the Tennessee River) at a point about 5 miles downstream from Norris Dam and 20 miles northwest of Knoxville, Tenn. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for local flood protection at and in the vicinity of Lake City, Tenn., by enlargement and rectification of the stream channel to obtain a bottom width of 100 feet from a point near the upstream corporate limits, extending through the town and downstream therefrom for a total distance of about 2.5 miles; provision also being made for a supplementary cut- off, having a bottom width of 20 feet, across the narrow portion of a bend in the creek just downstream of the channel improvement. In- cidental work includes alterations to bridges and sewers and con- struction of a new bridge across the cutoff. Authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2 sess.), in accordance with House Document 154, 82d Congress, First session, the project is designed to afford protection against a flood approximately 50 percent greater than the maximum of record (1929). The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $810,000 for construction, Federal; and $120,000 for lands and damages, non-Federal. Local cooperation. The project was adopted subject to the ordinary FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 861 requirements of local cooperation, with respect to lands and damages and maintenance of the works of improvement, and on the further condition of local interests assuming responsibility for the prevention of encroachment upon the rectified stream channel after completion. The ,plan of improvement was submitted to and discussed with mem- bers of the city council on October 5, 1949, prior to final compilation and processing of the authorization document, at which time ap- proval of the proposed works and assurances of compliance with the conditions of local participation were expressed. In anticipation of a favorable project, local interests had legislation passed by the General Assembly of the State of Tennessee which, along with other provisions, empowers the Board of Commissioners of Lake City to levy taxes on all taxable property for purposes of financing the city's share of the project costs. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Funds for prosecution of work on the improvement have not been made available. 11. PAINT ROCK RIVER, ALA. Location. Paint Rock River, a tributary of the Tennessee River, is formed by the confluence of Estill and Hurricane Forks, in the northwest corner of Jackson County, Ala., flows generally south about 60 miles and empties into Wheeler Reservoir at a point 5.8 miles below Guntersville Dam and 12 miles northwest of the town of Guntersville, Marshall County, Ala. Existing project. Improvement of Paint Rock River for flood control and related purposes was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.), in general accordance with the recommendations of Senate Document No. 161, 83d Congress, 2d session, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. The principal features of the project consist of clearing the main stream of snags and obstructions, removal of timber along the banks, and excavation of the channel at critical points, combined with a drainage system to be constructed by local interests. The plan provides for clearing, cleaning, and minor straightening of the channel of Paint Rock River for a distance of about 53 miles, extending from about mile 7 (above mouth) to its head at the junction of Hurricane and Estill Forks; and for similar work within the lower- most reaches of the principal tributary streams as follows: Little Paint Creek, 4.8 miles; Guess Creek, 1.8 miles; Hurricane Fork, 2.1 miles; Larkin Fork, 2.5 miles; and Estill Fork, 3.0 miles. These improvements are designed to afford an outlet adequate to permit the undertaking by local interests of drainage and related works on some 27,000 acres of land within the watershed. Flows resulting from the more rapid concentration of runoff from the upstream drainage works will be accommodated by the improved channel without raising crest elevations over those occurring under natural conditions. Major benefits will result from increased net returns from agricultural lands and reduced maintenance on existing improvements. The current (1955) estimate of total cost for the project is $2,930,000, of which $1,716,000 is for the upstream drainage works, to be provided entirely by local interests, and $1,214,000 for the work 862 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 on the main stream and tributary channels to be provided jointly by local interests and the United States with the costs thereof to be shared as follows: $1,080,000 for construction, Federal; and $134,000 for lands and damages, non-Federal. Local cooperation. The authorizing act specified that the provisions of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, per- taining to the ordinary conditions of cooperation with respect to lands and damages and maintenance of the works of improvement after completion, shall apply; and that local interests shall also con- struct and maintain local drainage works required to fully and effec- tively utilize the improved outlet system. As a result of a meeting with local interests on March 20, 1953, prior to final compilation and processing of the authorization document, acceptance of the plan of improvement was expressed and the ability and willingness of the local residents to participate in the project appears to be assured. Formal assurances of compliance with the prescribed conditions have not been requested. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Funds for prosecution of work under the project have not been made available. 12. OHIO RIVER BASIN, NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, flood walls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Nashville, Tenn., district. Emisting project. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plans for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof, as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, may be advisable and for initia- tion and partial accomplishment of the plan, authorized $75,000,- 000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for the local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers subject to the provision that the authorization shall in- clude the diversion of Cache River above Cairo, Ill., and the protection of the area north of Cairo drainage district by levees, at an estimated cost of $2,000,000. In addition to previous authorizations, the Flood Control Acts approved August 18, 1941, December 22, 1944, July 24, 1946, and May 17, 1950, authorized sums of $45,000,000, $70,000,000, $125,000,- 000, and $100000,000, respectively, for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by the subsequent acts of Congress. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Nashville, Tenn., district: FLOOD CONTROL--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 863 Local protection projects Estimated costs LocationLocation Type of protection Federal Non-Federal Total Middlesboro (Yellow Creek), Ky.--............ Levees.... $581, 000 $161, 000 2 $742, 000 Reservoirs Tributary basin and reservoir Stream Total esti- mated cost CUMBERLAND -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - Center Hill,Tenn.3 ........................ Caney Fork River.. $44, 345, 000 Dale Hollow, Tenn. and Ky.3 ....................--------------- Obey River___________ 25, 961, 000 Rossview, Tenn. and Ky.1.............--------------------------------Red River._________ 2 12, 590, 000 Stewarts Ferry, Tenn.1---------------------------------- Stones River .. 2 23, 400, 000 Three Islands, Tenn.l' ...-.- -_-_ -.-.- ...-- Harpeth River________ 2 19, 900, 000 Wolf Creek, Ky.3'-,............ _____________ ....... _ Cumberland River____ 79, 178,000 1 Also see listing of this project under item "Other authorized flood control projects." 2 Last revised in 1954. 8Details of this project are given in individual report Operations and results during fiscal year. No costs were incurred. Condition at end of fiscal year. The status of Wolf Creek, Dale Hollow, and Center Hill Reservoirs, selected for construction under this authorization, is given in individual reports. The remaining projects under the comprehensive plan within the Nashville District have been deferred for restudy. Detailed plans previously developed for Three Islands and Rossview Reservoirs are subject to certain supplementary studies and investigations, and con- sequent revisions, to reflect current conditions and engineering prac- tices. Mapping of the reservoir area (213 square miles), reservoir area-capacity determinations, and additional foundation exploration work for further site analysis studies incident to revision of the Three Islands project plans have been completed. Engineering and design for Stewarts Ferry Reservoir were discontinued in fiscal year 1953, when about 40 percent complete. Further work on the Middlesboro (Yellow Creek), Ky., local protection project was deferred upon com- pletion of definite design studies in fiscal year 1949. In view of known changes in economic development and recent expressions of concerted local interest, revaluation of the plan of improvement for the latter project is contemplated at the earliest practicable date. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $518,212. Cost and fitnancial summary Fiscalyear ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated...._ $274, 000 -$209, 300 -$148, 840 _ . .. $518, 212 _ Cost _________ _____ 12, 772 539 659 _----------518, 212 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - - - $5, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- ----------- 5, 000 363037-55-vol.2--55 864 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 13. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount Report Construction and main- complete tenance Chattanooga, Tenn. and Rossville, Ga..--------- 1949 $180, 997 Cumberland, Ky............................... r 4 - - - - - - 1952 -r (3) Middlesboro (Yellow Creek), Ky. _ _ 1949 18, 938- - . - 5562, 062 Rossview Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Tenn. and Ky.4- - - 6, 779-------------- 12, 583, 221 Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 2 of the Flood Control Act, Aug. 28, 1937, as amended--________------- ---- -- --- 1953 24, 748(-------------- ) Stewarts Ferry Reservoir, Ohio River Basin Tenn.4 ---- -------- ----- 1953 380,640 5 23,019, 360 4- - - - - - - Reservoir, Three Islands - -- -- Ohio -- - - - - - Basin, - - - - - - River ------- -- --- ----- Tenn. ..... ..... ...... 111, 855 -------------- 5 19, 788, 145 1 Authorization expired Dec. 31, 1953 (Public Law 314, 82d Cong.). 2 Inactive; provisions of the improvement have been accomplished by local interests without expense to the Government. 3 The estimated cost of the project last revised in 1954 was $89,200, subdivided: $89,000 for construction, Federal; and $200 for lands and damages, non-Federal. 4 To be restudied. 5Cost estimate last revised in 1954. 6 No further work currently scheduled. 14. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood control emnergencies--Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental author- izations). In addition to previous allotments, totaling $28,884 for emergency flood control work pursuant to this authority within the Nashville district, an allotment of $1,050 was made during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1955, for revision of the Flood Emergency Manual. Funds in the amount of $11,936 are anticipated to be allotted during the fiscal year 1956, for reimbursement of expenses incurred by the dis- trict in connection with reporting activities and liaison with local agencies and municipalities during the flood experienced in the Cum- berland River basin in March 1955, and for application to completion of post-flood investigations and report thereon. Total costs to June 30, 1955, were $29,934, exclusive of unbilled costs amounting to $8,594 under revolving fund for flood emergency activi- ties during fiscal year 1955. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $11, 433 _---_ $2, 418 $1, 050 $29, 934 Cost__..-------------- 11, 433 2, 418 1, 050 29,934 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 865 15. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs and expenditures for general investigations during the year were $5,078. The balance unexpended ($290) on June 30, 1955, plus anticipated allotments for the fiscal year 1956 of $38,400 for examinations and surveys and $3,200 for research and development, a total of $41,890, will be applied to the preparation of 3 flood control studies (surveys), anticipating completion of 2, and as needed during the year for expenses to be incurred for hydrologic studies. The additional sum of $43,300 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1957, for work scheduled under this heading. 16. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Of the total expenses for general investigations during the year, costs of $1,393 were incurred for miscellaneous (hydrologic) studies involving collection of streamflow and recording rain-gage data. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southwestern Ohio, west central Kentucky, a small portion of north central Tennessee, all of Indiana except the northern part and southeastern Illinois except the Cairo- Mounds-Mound City area, all included in the drainage basin of the Ohio River and its tributaries (exclusive of the Tennessee and Cum- berland Rivers) from mile 409.3 (below Pittsburgh) immediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, to the mouth. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Locks and dams 34 to 39, 41, 16. Cannelton, Ohio River Basin, and 43 to 53, Ohio River_ 868 Ind- 887 2. Ohio River, open channel 17. Tell City, Ohio River Basin, work___ 868 Ind- 889 3. Kentucky River, Ky .-- 868 18. Rough River Reservoir and 4. Green and Barren Rivers, channel improvement, Ky_ 890 Ky_ 870 19. Uniontown, Ohio River 5. Other authorized navigation Basin, Ky______ 891 projects 874 20. Mansfield Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ind 892 Flood control 21. Vincennes, Ohio River Basin, Ind 893 6. Newport, Ohio River Basin, 22. Muncie, Ind. floodwall and Ky _ 874 channel improvement- -. 894 7. Covington, Ohio River Basin, 23. Cagles Mill Reservoir, Ohio Ky- 875 River Basin, Ind_ 895 8. Cincinnati, Ohio River Basin, 24. Paducah, Ohio River Basin, Ohio 877 Ky_ 897 9. West Fork of Mill Crek 25. Brookport, Ohio River Basin, Reservoir, Ohio River Ill-_ 898 Basin, Ohio_ 878 26. Ohio River Basin, Louisville, 10. Jackson, Ohio River Basin, Ky. district_ 899 Ky__ 880 27. Other authorized flood con- 11. Buckhorn Reservoir, Ohio trol projects____ 904 River Basin, Ky- 881 28. Inspection of completed 12. Jeffersonville-Clarksville, projects__ 905 Ohio River Basin, Ind___ 882 29. Flood control work under 13. Louisville, Ohio River Basin, special authorization .... 906 Ky__ 883 14. New Albany, Ohio River General investigations Basin, Ind_ 885 30. Examinations and surveys _ 906 15. Hawesville, Ohio River Basin, 31. Collection and study of basic Ky_ - - - 887 data- 906 867 868 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1. LOCKS AND DAMS 34 TO 39, 41 AND 43 TO 53, OHIO RIVER For report on this improvement, see page 822. 2. OHIO RIVER, OPEN CHANNEL WORK For report on this improvement, see page 826. 3. KENTUCKY RIVER, KY. Location. The Kentucky River is formed by the confluence of its North and Middle Forks about 4 miles east of the town of Beattyville in east central Kentucky, the South Fork joining the main stream at that place, and flows in a general northwesterly direction 258.6 miles and empties into the Ohio River at Carrollton, Ky., mile 545.8 below Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey Chart for State of Kentucky; scale, 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The project provides for 14 locks and fixed dams to give in connection with the improvement of the Ohio River, slack water navigation of 6 feet minimum depth from the Ohio River to points on the 3 forks a short distance above Beattyville, Ky. The length of the 6-foot-depth project on the main system of the Kentucky River is 258.6 miles to the confluence of the Middle and North Forks. The river frequently rises to a height of 35 feet or more. Extreme flood height at lock 1 due to backwater from Ohio River when in flood is 60.3 feet, while extreme floods reach a height of 47.6 feet at lock 4, and 35.5 feet at lock 14. At some intermediate locks the extreme height of floods exceeds 40 feet. All flood heights are referred to upper pool gages. The cost of new work for the completed project, which contemplated the rehabilitation of the 5 State locks and dams and the extension of slack water to the three forks at Beattyville, was $4,176,749. The esti- mate of annual cost of operation and maintenance of the Kentucky River (1955) is $450,000, of which $390,000 is for operating and care of locks and dams and $60,000 for channel work. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879, in accordance with the report published in House Executive Document 47, 45th Congress, 3d session (Annual Report, 1879, p. 1398). Operation and care of the locks and dams were in- cluded in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Per- manent Appropriation Repeal Act, approved June 26, 1934. No proj- ect map of the river has been published. The following statement shows the characteristics of the several locks and dams in this project: RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 869 Lock Location Dimensions Great- Dam * est When avail- Depth com- Cost able Lift on Foundation pleted Nearest town Miles Clear length of lower from width (full lock miter mouth (feet) width (feet) sill of (feet) lock) (feet) 11 Carrollton, Ky ---.4. 0 38 145 8. 2 14. 8 Rock and clay_ 2 1882 12 Lockport, Ky ______ 31.0 38 145 13. 9 6. 1 Rock ......--------- 1882 13 Gest, Ky----------...... 42.0 38 145 13. 2 6. 5 do . 1882 3 $1, 350, 385 14 Frankfort, Ky______ 65.0 38 145 13. 2 6. 3 .... do_________ 1882 15 Lawrenceburg, Ky_ 82. 2 38 145 15. 0 6. 4 -__do 21886 16 Versailles, Ky ------ 96. 2 52 147 14. 0 6. 4 Rock and 1894 314, 847 piles. S7 High Bridge, Ky _ 117. 0 52 147 15. 3 6. 8 Rock_ .-.... - 1897 290, 768 18 Nicholasville, Ky___ 139. 9 52 146 18. 7 6. 0 ___do--....... 1900 275, 463 4 9 Valley View, Ky . 157. 5 52 148 17. 3 6. 6 -- do -.--- 1903 237, 646 4 10 Richmond, Ky..... 176. 4 52 148 17. 0 6. 0 - __do_ 1904 221, 500 4 11 College Hill, Kyy .. 201. 0 52 148 18. 0 6. 0 , __do 1906 296, 593 5 12 Ravenna, Ky_______ 220. 9 52 148 818. 0 6. 0 __do 1910 425, 693 5 13 Willow, Ky ........ 239. 9 52 148 7 16. 0 6 7. 0 __do 1915 461, 476 5 14 Heidelberg, Ky ...- 249. 0 52 148 718.0 77. 0 -do ..... 1917 392, 902 1 Fixed dam, crib construction. 2 Date reconstruction was completed by United States. 3 Built by the State of Kentucky. Cost is given for repairs by United States only. 4 Fixed dam, concrete construction. 5 Fixed dam, concrete construction, movable crest. 6 With movable wooden crest in operation on lock 12. 7 With movable wooden crest in operation on lock 13. Terminal facilities. Tanks for receiving gasoline are located at or near Carrollton, Frankfort, and Camp Nelson, Ky. Terminals for loading coal are located at Beattyville and Heidelberg, Ky., and for unloading coal at Clays Ferry, Ford, and Carrollton, Ky. There is a stone loading terminal at Boonesboro, Ky., and terminals for receiv- ing sand and gravel at Frankfort and Carrollton, Ky. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work during the fiscal year consisted of the operation and maintenance of the 14 locks and dams, and the removal of shoals, snags, and slides, as required to main- tain an adequate channel for existing traffic between the mouth of the river and Beattyville, Ky., in the pool of Dam No. 14. The costs were $229,762 for operation and ordinary maintenance of locks and dams and $48,697 for rehabilitation of channels in pools of dams, a total of $278,459, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1917. The work accomplished under the project has been the reha- bilitation of the five old State locks and dams and the construction of new locks and dams Nos. 6 to 14, inclusive. The year of completion of the various locks and dams is given in the table in the paragraph "Existing project." The canalization system on the Kentucky River is in only fair con- dition. The condition of the concrete-capped, stone-filled timber crib dams at locks 1 to 8, inclusive, varies from fair to poor, and the lime- stone walls at locks 1 to 6, inclusive, and lock No. 8 are wearing away by erosion. The remaining locks and dams, Nos. 9 to 14, inclusive, 870 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 are of concrete construction and the masonry is generally in good con- dition. The controlling navigable depth in the section covered by the existing project was 6 feet at the end of the fiscal year. All locks were staffed with two employees each for the lockage of the limited amount of commercial traffic using the river. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Maintenance Regular and operation Total funds New work--------------------------------------- $4,176, 749 .. $4, 176, 749 Operation and maintenance, general- -_ -.------ 3, 990, 078 $51, 000 4, 041, 078 Total --------------------------------------- 8,166, 827 51, 000 8, 217, 827 In addition, the sum of $6,405372 was expended between July 5, 1884, and June 30, 1937, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appro- priation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ - ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .......------------ .......------------... -------.........----..---------------------- $4, 176, 749 Cost ...--------- ----------------- -------------------------- ------------ 4,176, 749 Maintenance: ........ Appropriated---- $329, 853 $206, 400 $300, 750 $244, 704 $228, 400 10, 458, 322 Cost _-- --- 298, 611 194, 662 331, 419 217, 151 278, 459 10, 446, 450 4. GREEN AND BARREN RIVERS, KY. Location. Green River rises in Casey County, Ky., flows in a north- westerly direction 370 miles, and empties into the Ohio River about 8 miles above Evansville, Ind. Barren River rises in Monroe County, Ky., flows in a northwesterly direction 130 miles, and empties into Green River one-half mile above lock 4 and 149.5 miles above the mouth of Green River. Existing project. This provides for 6 locks and dams on the Green River and 1 on the Barren River to give, with channel work in the pools of the dams, a navigable depth of 9.0 feet and width of 200 feet from the Ohio River to mile 103 Green River, 3.2 miles upstream from Paradise, Ky.; a navigable depth of 5.5 feet from mile 103 Green River to Mammoth Cave, Ky., mile 197.8 Green River, and from t he mouth of the Barren River mile 149.5 Green River, to Bowl- ing G1:een, Ky., mile 30.1 Barren River. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY.1 DISTRICT 871 The principal data concerning the locks and dams are shown in the following table: Locationreatest Depth Depth Greatest on lower on upper Width of length Lift at miter miter Lock Distance lok available normal sill at sill at and Nearest town from chamber for full pool normal normal dam river of mouth width pool level pool level GREEN RIVER miles feet feet feet feet feet 1 Spottsville, Ky _____ 9. 1 35. 5 139. 0 1 11. 8 9. 0 6. 7 New 1 7_....- do -. .......... 9.1 84. 0 600.0 111.8 11.3 12.1 2 Rumsey, Ky ..... 63.1 36. 0 141.0 14. 3 5. 5 7.8 New 2 8 ... do .. ..... 63. 1 84. 0 600.0 14. 3 11.7 15. 0 3 Rochester, Ky... 108. 5 35.8 137. 5 17. 0 5. 6 7. 3 4 Woodbury, Ky .... 149. 0 35. 8 138. 0 16. 4 6. 5 7. 1 New 5 Glenmore, Ky. - _ 168. 1 56.0 360. 0 15. 2 9. 3 12. O0 6 Brownsville, Ky_.. 181.7 36. 0 145. 0 9. 2 8.8 8.0 BARREN RIVER 1 Greencastle, Ky ._. 2 15. 0 56. 0 360. 0 15. 2 9. 3 12. 0 Lock and Character of Kind of Year Cost of lock dam foundation dam Type of construction completed and dam GREEN RIVER 1 .... _ Shale and coal ....--- Fixed-.... Wood crib, concrete cap -... 1835-40 $179, 110. 00 New 1 .. do ..........----------------- do------- do--------------------- (7) 4, 765, 000.00 2 ...... Shale_____ ...... __ _... __.do...... Wood crib ... 1895 .....------------------ 295, 696.00 New 2 8-- do .... ... Concrete masonry ......---------- do---------------- (8) 5, 235, 000. 00 3 __...- ..... Rock____- ... __..do.---__. Wood crib_---------------__ 1833-36 121,377.00 4---------do.-------------- do do---------------------1839 125, 718.00 New 5--:-- Piles and rock--------_do 3__ Concrete masonry ____ .__ 1934 5 1, 020, 867.89 _______... ___do--____ 6 ___..... Gravel .... Wood crib, concrete cap... 1905 168, 415.00 BARREN RIVER Gravel - ---- : . do --------- 1........Piles in gravel------------------------- do-} 1934 6871, 565. 00 871,565.00 1 At normal pool dam 48, Ohio River. 2 Distance from mouth of Green River is 164.5 miles. 3 With movable A-frame crest 3 feet high. 4 Includes $4,033.50 for purchase of land. 6Does not include $179,434.58, cost of old lock and dam 5. 6 Includes $729,269 for the new large lock completed in 1934, of which $1,800 was for purchase of land. 7 New lock under construction. 36 percent complete June 30, 1955. 8 New lock and dam under construction. 48 percent complete June 30, 1955. Fluctuations in stage vary considerably at the different locks. At lock 3, Green River, ordinary fluctuations due to high stages are from 12 to 15 feet above the pool level, and at lock 1, Barren River, from 7 to 10 feet above pool. The maximum stages of record are 34 feet above normal pool stage at lock 3, Green River, and 29 feet at lock 1, Barren River. These stages were obtained during the floods of 1937 and 1913, respectively. The estimated cost of new work in Green and Barren Rivers (1955) is $14,624,739 of which $2,444,769 is for work completed prior to 1954, 872 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 $2,180,000 is for channel enlargement to provide a 9-foot depth and width of 200 feet in the lower 103 miles of Green Rixer and $10,000,000 is for construction of new lock 1 and new lock and dam 2 Green River. The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance of the Green River between the mouth of the Green River and Bowling Green on the Barren River (1955) is $275,000, of which $215,000 is for operating and care of locks and dams Nos. 1-4 Green River and No. 1, Barren River, and $60,000 for channel work. Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 _-H. Purchase of the original improvements----_--__- Ex. Doc. 111, 49th Cong., 2d sess.; Annual Report 1887, p. 1903. Mar. 3, 1893 1 Construction of lock 2, Green River..---------------............. Annual Report, 1891, p. 2439. July 13, 1892 July 13,1902 Construction of lock 5, Green River_ Construction of lock 6, Green River- _ . - Annual Report, 1891, p. 2478. Mar. 3, 1905 Appropriation of $5,000 made for continuing the im- provement of Green River above the mouth of Big Barren River, with the following proviso: "That the Secretary of War may, in his discretion, expend such portion of said amount as may be necessary for removal of snags in Nolin River." Mar. 3, 1909 Construction of new lock No. 1 and new lock and Senate Doc. No. 82, 83d Cong., 2d dam No. 2, Green River. sess. July 3, 1930 Construction of new locks at dam 5, Green River, and Rivers and Harbors Committee dam 1, Barren River; modification of dam 5, Green Doc. 2, 71st Cong., 1st sess., and River, widening of bends in Bear Creek, Ky. H. Doc. 685, 69th Cong., 2d sess. June 26, 19342 Operation and care of locks and dams with War De- partment appropriations for rivers and harbors. 3 Aug. 30, 1935 Improvement of Nolin River--.--------_ _ -_ Doc. 480, 72d Cong., 2d sess. -H. Sept. 3, 1954 Channel enlargement lower 103 miles of Green River Senate Doc. No. 82, 83d Cong., 2d Revocation of authorities for improvement of Bear sess. Creek and Nolin River. 1 Deficiency act. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 3 Contains latest published map of the Green, Barren, Rough, and Nolin Rivers, and Bear Creek. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provides in connection with the improvement of the lower 103 miles of Green River that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction; and agree to hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements. Assurances of fulfillment of local cooperation requirements were fur- nished by the Green River Valley Citizens League, Inc. on February 4, 1955. All rights-of-way required for the channel improvement have been acquired. Terminal facilities. There are 2 terminals for receiving gasoline on the Barren River at Bowling Green, Ky., and 1 on the Green River at South Carrollton, Ky., and 1 terminal for loading crude oil on the Green River at Spottsville, Ky. There is 1 terminal for loading coal at Paradise, Ky. (near Rockport) and 1 terminal for receiving coal at the Kentucky Utilities power plant at South Carrollton, Ky. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work dur- ing the fiscal year consisted of continuation of reconstruction of lock No. 1 and lock and dam No. 2. Plans and specifications for enlarge- RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 873 ment of the lower 103 miles of channels were completed and con- struction of this work was initiated this year. Operation and maintenance, general: Work during the fiscal year consisted of the operation and maintenance of locks and dams Nos. 1 to 4, Green River and No. 1, Barren River; and the removal of shoals, snags and slides as required to maintain an adequate channel for existing traffic between the mouth of the Green River and Bowling Green, Ky. The costs during the fiscal year were as follows: New work: Advanced engineering and design for channel dredging, Green River_ _--- __ $21, 084 Channel dredging, Green River -- __ 12, 855 Reconstruction of lock 1 and lock and dam 2__ 4, 043, 214 $4, 077, 153 Operation and maintenance, general: Operation and maintenance of locks and dams 108, 017 Channel work________________________ 67, 449 175, 466 Total, all from regular funds__________________________ 4, 252, 619 Condition at end of fiscal year. The canalization system on the Green and Barren Rivers is in only fair condition, except lock 1, Barren River, and lock and dam 5, Green River, which are in good condition. The controlling navigable depth in the section of river between Bowling Green, Ky., and the mouth of Green River was 5.5 feet at the end of the fiscal year. Operation of locks Nos. 5 and 6, Green River, was discontinued on August 1, 1951, as these locks were no longer used by commercial traffic. At the end of the fiscal year the reconstruction of lock 1 and lock and dam 2 was 36 and 48 percent completed, respectively. Contract was awarded for channel dredging late in year and this work was started. New work remaining to be done consists of the completion of work in progress at the end of the fiscal year, as noted above. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Mainte- Public Emergency Regular nance and Works Relief Total operation funds funds funds New work___------------------------- $6, 517, 285 $85, 000 ------------ $6, 602, 285 Operation and maintenance, general__- 2, 296, 200 $19, 000 - -. ...-- $2, 000 2,317, 200 Total-- ------------------------ 8, 813, 485 19, 000 85, 000 2,000 8,919,485 In addition, the sum of $3,842,667 was expended between 1888 and June 30, 1936, on the operating and care of the works of improvement under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 874 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ....---------..------- ------------ ---------- $840, 000 $3, 828, 000 $7, 112, 769 Cost _----------- ----------------------- _--------_-- 80, 363 4, 077, 153 6, 602, 285 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ......- $153, 237 $81,600 $108, 500 272, 200 175, 500 6, 169, 748 Cost .....----------------- 108, 057 133, 491 106, 712 276, 767 175, 466 6, 159, 867 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30. 1955-- - $108, 149 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - 6, 675, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------------- 6, 783, 149 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ------------------------------ 837, 000 5. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Licking River, Ky.------------------------ 1901 $13,045 .. 2. Tradewater River. Ky.2 --------------------- 1941 18, 568 $7, 571 Completed. 3. White River, Ind.2____-----' 1909 119, 312 ..-------------- Do. 4. Clearing navigable streams under authority of 1951 -------- 12, 131 Do. Public Law 14, 79th Cong. 5. Rough River, Ky.2........................------------------------ 1952 105, 500 101, 196 Do. 6. Bear Creek, Ky.3 1954 _--------------------------_ 7. Nolin River. Ky.3-------------------------1954 4 4 1 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 2 No commerce reported. 3 Authorization for improvement revoked by River and Harbor Act Sept. 3, 1954. 4 Cost for partial improvement and for operation and maintenance, prior to 1955, included under project for Green and Barren Rivers. 6. NEWPORT, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Campbell County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River and the right bank of the Licking River at their confluence, 470 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The completed project consists of 8,000 feet of earth levee, 1,805 feet of concrete wall, 2,435 feet of cellular-type steel sheet piling wall, three pumping plants, and other necessary appurte- nances. The line of protection begins at high ground near the east end of Lexington Avenue, extends in a northwesterly direction to the left bank of the Ohio River, thence downstream to the mouth of the Licking River and upstream along the right bank of Licking River to high ground in the vicinity of Lowell and 12th Streets. The section along Licking River from Chestnut Street to Hodge Street is cellular- type steel sheet piling wall and the section from Hodge Street to Lowell and 12th Streets is concrete wall. The project provides protection for the city of Newport, Ky., against FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 875 Ohio River and Licking River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maxi- mum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $7,200,000; the actual non-Federal cost is $299,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operation and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous expenses were incurred in connection with a pending claim during the fiscal year. Routine maintenance of the project was performed by local interests. The completed project effectively prevented flooding a por- tion of the city during the 1954-55 flood season. The estimated dam- ages prevented are $473,000 for this period. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,167 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in April 1946 and completed in June 1953 except for modifi- cations and repairs which were completed in August 1953. The proj- ect was assigned to local interests for maintenance and operation on September 29, 1951. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $7,131,243 from regular funds and $6,150 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $7,137,393. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: __ _ Appropriated .-. $333, _ 000 ------ - $200,000 $7,200, 351 Cost_ ----------- _ 859, 672 $272, 260 320, 629 $109, 416 $1, 167 7, 137, 393 1 Includes $6,150 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- _ $62, 058 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------------- 62, 058 7. COVINGTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Kenton County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River and the left bank of the Licking River at their confluence, 470.5 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Eisting project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of 2,514 feet of earth levee and 3,171 feet of concrete wall along the Ohio River; 7,710 feet of earth levee and 1,596 feet of con- crete wall along the Licking River; 10 pumping plants; and other necessary appurtenances. The Ohio River section begins near Second and Wright Streets, extends along the left bank of the river on or near Second Street to Washington Street, then northeast to Riverside Drive, paralleling Riverside Drive on the south side to Greenup Street, thence along the west side of this street in a southerly direction to high ground. The Licking River section begins about 300 feet east 876 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of Eighth and Garrard Streets, parallels this latter street and Prospect Street at a distance of about 300 feet on the riverside to 12th Street, thence parallel to Maryland Street on the riverside for 800 feet, thence in a southerly direction parallel and adjacent to the left bank of Licking River to a point near Oakland Street 500 feet south of Wal- lace Avenue, thence about 300 feet west to high ground. This section also includes about 670 feet of earth levee along Eastern Avenue be- tween Wallace Avenue and 26th Street, and about 240 feet of concrete wall to protect Booth Hospital in the vicinity of Kennedy and Third Streets. The project will provide protection for the city of Covington, Ky., against Ohio and Licking River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The (1955) estimated Federal cost of the project is $7,300,000; the ,estimated non-Federal cost is $765,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Bond issue to cover rights-of-way and damage costs were voted on November 6, 1945. Formal assurances of local cooperation were adopted on November 29, 1945, by the board of commissioners of the city of Covington and approved September 26, 1947. Rights-of-way have been acquired necessary for construction work, except for ponding area at Willow Run pumping plant. The funds contributed for joint design, engineering studies, and construction of sewer facilities along Licking River totaled $286,064. This work is beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. Operations and results during fiscal year. The construction of sec- tion C was completed; construction of the five pumping plants along Licking River was continued; and, 8th Street and Patton Street pump- ing plants, including sewers, were completed under contract with sanitation district No. 1 of Campbell and Kenton Counties, Ky. Prep- aration of the operations and maintenance manual was completed. The partially completed project effectively prevented flooding a por- tion of the city during 1954-55 flood season thereby preventing flood damages estimated at $40,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $744,260 from regular funds :and $20,940 from contributed funds, a total of $765,200, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was started on the project in July 1948 and was 98 percent completed at the end of the fiscal year. Sections A, B, and C, and five pumping plants, Russell Street, Main Street, Willow Run, 8th Street, and Patton Street have been completed. The 5 pumping plants along Licking River, Court, Kennedy, Pleasant, 19th and 24th Streets, were 99 percent completed. The work remaining consists of completion of the five pumping plants and installation of dehumidification units in the pumping plants. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $7,163,635 from' regular funds, $7,454 from Emergency Relief funds, and $286,064 from contributed funds, a total of $7,457,153. FLOOD CONTROL---LOUISVILLE, KY. DISTRICT 877 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ... ___ $890, 000 $1, 400,000 $821, 000 $1, 100, 000 $655, 000 $7, 375, 154 Cost__------------- 1, 278, 044 196, 468 1, 185, 995 1, 910, 593 744, 260 7, 171, 089 1 Includes $7,454 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - $129, 169 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------ 129, 169 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---... . . __ -.... -........ $246, 262 $60, 000 $306, 262 Cost _-------------- --- ........ 92, 186 172, 938 $20, 940 286, 064 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - - $20, 198 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------ ----------------- 20, 198 8. CINCINNATI, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The project is located in the city of Cincinnati on the right bank of the Ohio River, in Hamilton County, Ohio, 472.5 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The project consists of a barrier dam across Mill Creek near its mouth, and a concrete wall, with appurtenant works, extending from the east bank of the creek along the Ohio River to high ground near the intersection of Baymiller and Ken- yon Streets. The project protects Mill Creek Valley and a small portion of the riverfront section of Cincinnati against Ohio River floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot free- board. The barrier dam includes a pumping installation to dispose of discharges of Mill Creek (drainage area 165 square miles) into the Ohio River during flood periods. The entire project involved the construction of a barrier-dam pumphouse including pumps, mo- tors and all necessary electrical and other mechanical equipment; ap- propriate outlet works to pass Mill Creek discharges during normal periods; 600 feet of levee and 820 feet of wall between the western abutment of the dam and pumphouse; and about 5,660 linear feet of concrete wall to form the eastern closure of the dam. The project also provides gates, drainage-disposal facilities, and other appurte- nant works. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1955) is $9,978.000: the estimated non-Federal cost is $1,028,000. 878 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The project was selected for construction under the general au- thorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. All requirements have been fulfilled. During the fiscal year 1945, modifications of the Evans Street sewer were per- formed with funds in the amount of $10,693 furnished by the city of Cincinnati. During fiscal years 1947 and 1948, funds in the amounts of $174,283 and $6,874, respectively, were supplied by the city of Cincin- nati for sewer modifications near Carr Street and relocation of traffic gates. This work is beyond the scope of the authorized Federal proj- ect. The funds furnished were in excess of total expenditures for this work by an amount of $20,123, which has been returned to the city. Operations and results during fiscal year. The preparation of oper- ations and maintenance manual was continued. Routine mainte- nance of the project was accomplished by local interests. Opera- tion of the project during the 1954-55 flood season resulted in pre- venting flood damages to the city estimated at $2,860,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,215 from regular funds for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete except for completion of the operations and maintenance manual. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $9,956,272 from regular funds and $9,360 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $9,965,632. In addition, surplus property valued at $19,959 was trans- ferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ._ _ ._ -$27, 100 $22, 100 ... 2 $9, 977, 760 Cost $9, 552 2, 362 29, 098 $156 $1, 215 3 9, 965, 632 1 In addition $171,727 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Includes $9,360 Emergency Relief funds and $650,000 from appropriation 21X3113.010 flood control general refund to the city of Cincinnati, repayment of funds advanced. 3 In addition, surplus property valued at $19,959 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - - $3, 044 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-_----- 3, 044 9. WEST FORK OF MILL CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The site of the West Fork of Mill Creek Dam is on the west fork of Mill Creek 6.5 miles above its junction with Mill Creek and 2 miles northeast of Mount Healthy, Ohio, and about 10 miles north of downtown Cincinnati. The reservoir extends upstream about 3 miles and lies within Hamilton County, Ohio. Existing project. The project consists of a reservoir for flood con- trol, recreation, and reduction of pumping requirements at the mill Creek barrier dam in Cincinnati. It includes the dam, which con- FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, DISTRICT 879 sists of an earth embankment with a maximum height of about 100 feet, and a total length of 1,100 feet, a gate-controlled concrete conduit 10.5 feet in diameter under the embankment along the right abutment, and an uncontrolled spillway through the right abutment ridge, and appurtenant works. A permanent pool at elevation 675 having an area of 183 acres is provided. The storage between elevations 675 and 702 amounting to 9,850 acre-feet, which is equivalent to 6.3 inches of runoff from the 29.5 square miles of drainage area above the dam, is utilized for reduction of flooding in the Mill Creek Valley as well as reduction of pumping requirements at the Mill Creek barrier dam of the cincinnati local flood protection project. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1955) is $2,982,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $570,801 which amount includes $50,000 contributed in fulfillment of project authorization. The estimated annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project (1955) is $31,000. The latest published map is contained in House Document No. 198, 80th Congress, 1st session. The existing project was selected for construction under the addi- tional authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. Local cooperation. The authorization required local interests to release necessary land under their control at no cost to the United States and give assurances that they would prevent future channel encroachment below the dam site in connection with the flood control reservoir. For enlargement of the reservoir to include a conservation pool, local interest would contribute one-half the additional cost of such pool, including one-half the cost of relocation of sanitary sewer, and agree to hold and save the United States free from damages re- sulting from its provision. The board of county commissioners of Hamilton County, Ohio, adopted a resolution on October 8, 1947, signifying willingness to fulfill local cooperation requirements in- cluding the provision of the conservation pool. Assurances of local cooperation were executed on the same date. A contract with the United States for the relocation of the sanitary sewer outside the res- ervoir area in order to include the conservation pool in the project was accepted by Hamilton County, in which the United States paid one-half the cost of such relocation work. The amount of $50,000, required as a local contribution toward the additional cost of providing the conservation pool, was furnished by the Hamilton County Commissioners. The Hamilton County Park district has undertaken the develop- ment and management of recreation facilities in the reservoir area for use of the public in accordance with license granted by the Secre- tary of the Army on October 31, 1951. Operations and results during fiscal year. Installation of stream gaging facilities was continued. Work in connection with the ac- quisition of land was continued and obligations from prior fiscal years were liquidated. Routine operations and maintenance was per- formed during the year. 363037-55--vol. 2 56 880 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The costs during the fiscal year were $8,038 for new work, and $23,- 670 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1949 and completed in December 1952 except for minor items of work. The work remaining at the end of the fiscal year consists of the completion of land acquisitions and the installa- tion of rainfall and stream gaging equipment. The reservoir is in operation. The total costs for new work to the end of the fiscal year were $2,953,294 from regular funds, and $50,000 from contributed funds, a total of $3,003,294. The total costs for operation and maintenance to the end of the fiscal year were $61,651. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated- -_ $900, 000 -$400,000 -$60, 000 -_ -$18, 100 $2, 963, 600 Cost----------------- 699, 458 599, 339 794, 680 $61, 681 8, 038 2, 953, 294 Maintenance: Appropriated ____________ __ _________ 19, 000 24, 840 20, 890 64, 730 Cost__ -- _________ _--- ------- --- 16, 535 21, 446 23, 670 61, 651 1 In addition, $50,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ___--- $10, 305 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- ----------------------------------------- 10, 305 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-----------------------------------18, 400 10. JACKSON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Breathitt County on the North Fork of the Kentucky River, 305 miles above the Ohio River. Existing project. The project consists of excavation of a flood channel across the neck of an ox-bow bend. The channel has a length of about 150 feet, a base width of 200 feet and a depth of about 60 feet. It will reduce flood heights at Jackson, Ky., from 4 to 6 feet on all floods, resulting in the elimination of 75 percent of the flood damage now sustained by the city. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1954) is $260,000, the non-Federal cost is $3,000. The project was selected for construction under the additional authorization for Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. Local cooperation. Officials of Jackson, Ky., have adopted a resolution giving assurances of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of ad- vanced plans was performed during fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,952. Condition at end of fiscal year. The preparation of construction plans and specifications was about 75 percent completed at end of FLOOD CONTROI--LOUISVILLE, DISTRICT 881 fiscal year. Construction of the project has not been started. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $5,832. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------- -$3, 100 -$20 .----------------------- $12, 000 $13,880 Cost-----------------... 67 ...... - -3, 952 5,832 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - $8, 048 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-..... 246, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______ -------- ______ _ --- 254,048 11. BUCKHORN RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The site of the Buckhorn Dam is located on Middle Fork of Kentucky River, 0.5 mile above the town of Buckhorn, Ky., and 296.6 miles above the Ohio River. The reservoir will extend upstream a distance of about 30 miles and will lie in Leslie and Perry Counties, Ky. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a dam for flood control and recreation. The project consists of a gravity-type concrete dam with a maximum height of 111 feet and a length of 680 feet, a gate-controlled ogee type spillway, gate-controlled outlet works with conduits through the gravity con- crete section, and necessary relocations of highways and utilities. The reservoir will provide a conservation pool of 10,000 acre-feet and a storage capacity of 143,000 acre-feet for the purpose of flood con- trol. This will allow storage of 6.75 inches of runoff from the drain- age area of 397 square miles above the dam site. Also, included in the project are the acquisition of necessary lands and flowage ease- ments, and cleaning the permanent pool area of all timber and brush. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $5,933,000 for construc- tion and $1,467,00 for lands and damages, a total of $7,400,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the con- struction of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys, explorations and engineering studies were initiated for the purpose of definite plans and preparation of general design memorandum. The costs during the fiscal year were $47,114 for new work. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Necessary surveys, explorations and engineering studies for preparation of definite plans are about 47 percent complete. Construction of the project has not been started. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $47,114 for new work. 882 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .. _ _..--- _.- -..... $50, 000 $50, 000 Cost - ---- 47,114 47,114 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955____ - _ $2, 586 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 . 70, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ ____- _ ____----- 72, 586 Estimated additional ar ount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_ __ ____--7, 280, 000 12. JEFFERSONVILLE-CLARKSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. The Jeffersonville-Clarksville area is located in Clark County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 603 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The local protection project consists of a system of levees, concrete walls and pumping plants; section I, an earth levee 19,630 feet in length, including 7,030 feet of roadway levee and 12,600 feet of new earth levee, extending from high ground near Silver Creek and Emery Crossing Road along the right bank of the Ohio River to the foot of Smyser Avenue in Clarksville; section II, unit 1, 8,810 feet of concrete wall extending along the right bank of the Ohio River from near the foot of Penn Street downstream to the vicinity of Smyser Avenue to join with section I; section II, unit 2b, 450 feet of concrete wall and 1,540 feet of new earth levee extending from high ground near Jefferson and High Streets to join unit 1 near Penn Street; section II, unit 2a, 5,570 feet of new earth levee across low ground northeast of Jeffersonville; 10 pumping plants for the disposal of interior drainage, and appurtenant works. The project provides protection for the adjoining municipalities of Jefferson, Clarksville, and Claysburg, and approximately 3.8 square miles of contiguous agricultural and suburban areas against Ohio River floods equal to the flood of 1937 (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $4,220,000 of which an amount not exceeding $166,320 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $591,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. On March 15, 1940, the President approved a waiver of 36 percent of the estimated cost of lands, easements and rights-of-way, under the provisions of section 8 of the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 11, 1939. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans were prepared and construction initiated for remedial work on drainage structures. Syphonic action tests were made during high river stages in March 1955. Routine maintenance was accomplished by local interests. Op- FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 883 eration of the project during the 1954-55 flood season resulted in the prevention of flood damages to the areas estimated at $220,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $18,506 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1940 and completed in October 1949. The project has been assigned to local interests for maintenance and operation. The remedial work presently under construction will be completed early in following fiscal year. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $4,201,018 from regu- lar funds and $3,953 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $4,204,- 971, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ..___ -$7, 500 $6, 500 _ - $24, 700 $4, 215, 107 Cost------------------ 1, 301 1, 464 $1, 663 $3, 195 18, 506 4, 204, 971 1 Includes $3,953 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -- $1, 719 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------ -- ---- 1, 719 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project------------------------- ____ 4, 890 13. LOUISVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. Louisville is located in Jefferson County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 607 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. Local protection works consist of a system of levees, concrete walls and pumping plants; section A, including 941 feet of earth levee and 9,313 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground northeast of the intersection of Brownsboro Road and Mellwood Avenue downstream across Beargrass Creek in a westerly direction to high ground near the intersection of Preston and Main Streets; section B, including 6,052 feet of earth levee and 8,896 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground near Fourth and Main Streets downstream along the left bank of the Ohio River to the approach fill of the Kentucky and Indiana terminal railroad bridge; section C, including 9,024 feet of earth levee, extending from the lower end of section B downstream along the northwest edge of the city area to high ground along Northwestern Parkway and the west end of Main Street; section D, including 7,368 feet of earth levee and 2,725 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground in Shawnee Park downstream along the river bank to a point near the corporate limits of the city of Louisville; section E, including 43,997 feet of earth levee and 94 feet of concrete wall, extending downstream from the lower end of section D along the river bank to the mouth of Cane Run ditch, thence upstream along the right bank of this ditch and Big Run ditch to high ground at United States Highways No. 31W and 884 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 60 near Greenwood Avenue; 13 pumping plants for disposal of in- terior drainage; and other appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for the city of Louisville, Ky., and. adjacent highly developed county area at the southwestern limits of the city against Ohio River floods equal to the flood of 1937 (maxi- mum of record). The estimated Federal cost of new work (1955) is $24,023,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $2,500,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Bond issue to cover rights-of-way costs was- voted on November 5, 1940. Formal assurances of local cooperation, dated February 28, 1941, have been furnished in accordance with a resolution of the board of aldermen of the city of Louisville adopted February 25, 1941. A supplemental resolution adopted by the board of aldermen on August 24, 1953, which assured fulfillment of local cooperation requirements for section AA, was withdrawn on March 4, 1955, on the basis that the protection was not desired by occupants and property owners within the area to be protected. Rights-of-way for sections A, B, C, D, E, and 13 pumping plants have been acquired. The funds contributed for joint design, engineering studies, and construction of interior drainage facilities beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project totaled $1,615,700 at the end of the fiscal year, of which $26,057 was contributed by the city of Louisville and $1,589,643 was contributed by the Louisville and Jefferson County metropolitan sewer district. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of Lee's Lane, Mill Creek, and Paddy's Run pumping plants was completed. Construction was continued on Beargrass Creek pumping plant. Ad- vanced planning was discontinued on section AA upon receipt of city's withdrawal of request and assurances for construction of this section. Preparation of operations and maintenance manual was continued. Local interests performed routine maintenance of the previously as- signed portion of the project. Operation of the completed portion of the project during the 1954-55 flood season prevented estimated dam- ages due to flooding of $1,430,000. The costs during fiscal year were $2,006,767 from regular funds and $423 from contributed funds, a total of $2,007,190, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1947 and was 95 percent completed at the end of fiscal year. All construction was completed except Beargrass Creek pumping plant which was 80 percent completed. Two of three sched- uled volumes of the operations and maintenance manual have been issued. The work remaining consists of completion of Beargrass Creek pumping plant and preparation of operations and maintenance manual. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $22,919,598 from reg- ular funds, $8,902 from Emergency Relief funds and $1,615,700 from contributed funds, a total of $24,544,200, all for new work. FLOOD CONTROL---LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 885 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated- ...... $3, 600, 000 $4, 500, 000 $4, 229, 000 ----------------------- $23, 547, 794 Cost- -- 3, 271,664 2,699,998 2, 660, 746 $3, 930, 610 $2, 006, 767 22, 928, 520 1 Includes $8,902 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ ---- $336, 703 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -___ 475, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------------------------------------------- 811, 703 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total'to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-._.. $1, 075, 254 $208, 193 $307, 716 $3, 200 1 -$900 $1, 615, 700 Cost_ 932, 864 312, 043 360, 344 2, 789 423 1, 615, 700 1 Refund to Louisville and Jefferson County metropolitan sewer district ($900). 14. NEW ALBANY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. In Floyd County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 608 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The improvement consists of 2.8 miles of earth levee, 0.7 mile of concrete wall, 6 pumping plants and other necessary appurtenant structures. The main portion of the levee and walls begins at high ground near Glenwood Court and extends downstream along the right bank of Silver Creek to the right bank of the Ohio River, thence downstream along the bank of the river across Falling Run Creek to high ground at Main Street. Also included is a short section of levee across Slate Run Creek near its entrance into Silver Creek. The project will provide protection for the city of New Albany, Ind., against Ohio River floods equal to the flood of 1937 (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $5,330,000; the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $740,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. The New Albany Flood Control District was organized on June 4, 1946, by order of the Floyd County circuit court. Assurances of local cooperation were executed by this district on March 15, 1947. Acquisition of rights-of-way is complete. Over the past 5-year period, formal requests have been made of local in- terests to furnish necessary ponding areas. None of these areas have 886 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 been acquired. The city of New Albany has contributed $31,989 for modification of sewers in connection with floodwall construction and $95,000 has been paid by Southern Railway Co. for provision of addi- tional embankment along the levee for a distance of 5,400 feet, from a point about 300 feet from the downstream end of the levee to the East Fourth Street, on which to relocate their main track. This work is beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. Operations and results during fiscal year. The construction of the three pumping plants of west section was completed. Dehumidifica- tion of these plants was initiated and completed. Minor repairs and reconditioning of existing flood protection, and other miscellaneous work were also completed. Operation of the project during the 1954-55 flood season prevented flood damages estimated at $143,000. The costs during fiscal year were $63,116 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1948 and completed in July 1954. The project was assigned to local interests for maintenance and operation on July 24, 1954. The operations and maintenance manual was completed except for minor revisions and additions. The remaining work consists of minor remedial work. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $5,286,639 from regu- lar funds, $3,278 from Emergency Relief funds and $123,858 from contributed funds, a total of $5,413,775, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated......... $1, 950, 000 $75, 000 $329, 000 -$129, 600 -$25, 000 $5, 337, 659 ----------------- Cost_ 972, 779 750, 384 1, 257, 767 777, 379 63, 116 5,289,917 1 Includes $3,278 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $47, 742 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___- 47, 742 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated _...._ __-...... . $123, 989 1 -$27, 000 .... 1-$3, 13 2 $123, 858 Cost_ _-24, 038 8S, 600 $11, 220 3,131 123, 858 1 Refund to Southern Railway Company. 2 Includes $31,989 by city of New Albany and $91,869 by Southern Ry. Co. FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 887 15. HAWESVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Hancock County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 723.9 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The improvement consists of 4,653 feet of earth levee, diversion sewers, one pumping plant and other appurtenances. The earth levee has an average height of 19.5 feet and begins at high ground about 400 feet east of the courthouse square and extends in a northeasterly direction along the left bank of Coperas Branch to the left bank of the Ohio River, thence downstream along the Ohio River to the mouth of Lead Creek, thence upstream along the right bank of Lead Creek to high ground at United States Highway 60. It will provide protection for the city of Hawesville, Ky., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The current (1955) estimated Federal cost of new work is $970,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $68,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the gen- eral authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in Flood Con- trol Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Minor remedial work was completed. Local interests accomplished maintenance of the project during the fiscal year. Operation of the project during the 1954-55 flood season resulted in the prevention of flood damages esti- mated at $26,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $416 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in May 1950 and completed in October 1953. Operation and maintenance of the project was assigned to local interests October 1, 1953. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $969,213 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955. includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated------------------- $108, 000 -$6, 000 -$3, 845 -$750 $969, 271 Cost-------- .... $463,209 ----- 251, 112 148, 250 13, 917 416 969, 213 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__ - - -- $59 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------ 59 16. CANNELTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. Cannelton is located in Perry County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 724 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The project consists of 2,269 feet of earth levee, beginning at high ground 450 feet southwest of the intersection of St. Louis and Long Avenues and extending in a westerly direction to the bank of the Ohio River at the end of Hafele Street; 4,790 feet of 888 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 concrete wall, extending from the lower end of the levee downstream along the bank of the Ohio River on the riverside of Front Street to the intersection of Herzeele Street, thence in a northerly direction along the Southern Railway tracks to a point near the intersection of Second and Hunt Streets; 1,351 feet of earth levee, extending from the lower end of the concrete wall in a northerly direction to high ground at the northwestern limits of the city; 3 pumping plants for disposal of interior drainage; and other appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for the city of Cannelton, Ind., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The current estimated cost of new work (1955) is $1,930,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $40,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 28, 1937. Local cooperation. Formal assurances of local cooperation dated August 14, 1945, have been furnished in accordance with a resolution of the city council of Cannelton adopted on the same date. The rights- of-way for the levee section were approved on January 27, 1947, and all rights-of-way for the wall section and the pumping plants have been acquired. Formal requests have been made of local interests to furnish necessary areas for ponding at Castleberry Creek and 4th Street Ditch pumping plants. These areas have not been acquired. Operations and results during fiscal year. The minor curb and pavement construction was continued and completed. Local interests performed routine maintenance during the year. Operation of the project during the 1954-55 season prevented flood damages estimated at $40,000. The costs during fiscal year were $1,970 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1947 and completed in October 1950. The project was assigned to local interests for maintenance and operation on October 24, 1950. Work remaining consists of minor remedial work. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,916,648 from regular funds and $239 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $1,916,887, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated......... $35, 000 -$74, 000 $2, 395 $16, 000 -$11, 000 $1, 918, 900 Cost .--------------- 55,133 17, 401 3, 641 1,032 1,970 1, 916, 887 1 Includes $239 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $1, 436 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------- --------- 1, 436 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project-_- - -- 11, 100 FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 889 17. TELL CITY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. Tell City is located in Perry County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 726.8 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The local protection project consists of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls having the following features: section I, an earth levee, 2,900 feet in length, extending from high ground near the corner of Eighth and Lafayette Streets along the bank of the Ohio River to Fourth Street between Tell and Fulton Streets, and a closure levee, 750 feet in length, along the north side of Payne Street; section II, concrete flood wall, 6,200 feet in length, extending from the upstream end of section I along the bank of the Ohio River to high ground at City Boundary Street; 2 pumping plants for the dis- posal of interior drainage; and appurtenant structures. The project will provide protection for Tell City, and will afford a freeboard of 3 feet above a flood equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in 1937. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 28, 1937. The (1955) estimated Federal cost of the project is $921,000; the actual non-Federal cost is $32,700. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications for necessary remedial work for drainage structures was completed and a contract was awarded for this work. Operation of the project during the 1954-55 flood season resulted in preventing flood damages estimated at $186,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $939 for new work. Condition, at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started on December 17, 1938, and completed during fiscal year 1941. The project was transferred to local interests for operation and main- tenance on October 26, 1943. Contract for construction of necessary remedial work has been awarded but no work has been accomplished. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $898,105 from reg- ular funds and $495 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $898,600. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated......... $3, 000 _. _ _. $24,900 $922, 561 Cost-- _-------------1,034 $1, 966 ___.____' 939 898, 600 3Includes $495 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- _ _ $3, 186 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___________-_ 3, 186 18. ROUGH RIVER RESERVOIR AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The dam site for this project is on Rough River, 89.3 miles above its confluence with Green River, about 160.3 miles above the Ohio River and is located about 60 miles southwest of Louisville, Ky. The reservoir will extend upstream a distance of about 30 miles and will be situated in Breckinridge, Grayson, and Hardin Counties, Ky. The channel improvement work is located on Rough River, Barnett Creek, and North Fork of Barnett Creek. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a dam for flood control and conservation. It includes a rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 124 feet and a length of 1,530 feet, a gate-controlled concrete conduit 12 feet in diameter under the embankment along the toe of the right abutment, an un- controlled spillway through a saddle on the left abutment, and ap- purtenant works. A conservation pool at elevation 465, having a capacity of 19,050 acre-feet and a surface area of 1,600 acres, is in- cluded in the plan. The storage between elevations 465 and 524.0, a capacity of 303,650 acre-feet which is equivalent to 12.68 inches of runoff from the 449 square miles of drainage area above the dam is reserved for flood control. Also included in the project are the acqui- sition of necessary lands and flowage easements, clearing the conser- vation pool area of all timber and brush, and relocations or alteriations. of State Highways 110, 108, and 65 which will be affected by the reservoir. The authorized channel improvements, located in Ohio County, Ky., consists of clearing the banks and minor channel cleaning of the Rough River channel from its mouth at Livermore, Ky., to the mouth of Caney Creek, a distance of 64 miles; channel rectification on Barnett Creek from its mouth to mile 6.7; and channel rectification on the North Fork Barnett Creek, a tributary which enters Barnett Creek at mile 6.15, from its mouth to mile 2.3. The estimated cost of new work revised in 1955 is $8,970,000 for the reservoir; $824,000 Federal cost for Rough River bank clearing and channel cleaning, and $4,000 non-Federal; $106,000 Federal cost for the Barnett Creek section and $18,000 non-Federal. The latest pub- lished map is contained in House Document No. 535, 78th Congress, 2d session. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Modification of the previously approved plan to include the channel improvement items was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the con- struction of the reservoir unit. The provisions of section 3 of the Flood Control Act of 1936, are applicable to the channel improvements. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preparation of construc- tion plans and specifications for the outlet works and access road to the dam site was continued and completed during fiscal year. The cost during the fiscal year was $4,177 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. General design memorandum FLOOD CONTROI-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 891 No. 1, design memorandum No. 2, covering design for outlet works and access road, and the plans and specifications for construction of outlet works and access road were completed. There has been no construction started on this project. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $133,854 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ..... $50, 000 $32, 500 $2, 500 $133, 842 Cost . ......------------------ ------------ 40, 152 40, 683 4,177 1133, 854 1 Costs in excess of amount appropriated and over obligation of funds due to retroactive pay increase, fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ _ 1 -$12 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - _ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- --------------------------- _ 499, 988 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_ 9, 266, 160 1 Costs in excess of amount appropriated and over obligation of funds due to retroactive pay increase, fiscal year 1955. 19. UNIONTOWN, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Union County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 842 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The project consists of 9,996 feet 'of new earth levee, 4 pumping plants, and other necessary appurtenances. The levee around the city of Uniontown begins at high ground about 950 feet southeast of the intersection of Waller and Seventh Streets; ex- tends northwestward for a distance of about 3,000 feet to the edge of the second bottom at the southern limits of the city; thence in a north- easterly direction for about 5,500 feet along the edge of the second bottom to the intersecti.on of Watson and Washington Streets at the northern limits of the city; thence in a southeasterly direction along the riverside of Watson Street to high ground at the northeastern limits of the city. The project provides protection for the city of Uniontown, Ky., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The current (1955) estimated cost of new work is $1,075,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $72,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Plans and specifications for remedial work required for drainage structures were prepared during the fiscal year and contract awarded for this work. Operation of the project during the year prevented flood damages estimated at $18,000. 892 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The costs during the fiscal year were $883 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1948 and completed in November 1952. Operation and maintenance of the project was assigned to local interests on May 18, 1951. Contract has been awarded for construction of remedial work for drainage structures but the work has not been started. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,067,389 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated - - - $1, 580 _- - $5, 300 $1, 071, 806 Cost_ --. . ... $169,967 $3, 187 9, 369 ....... 883 1,067,389 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_------- -- $1, 477 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------------------- 1, 477 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existiag project ------------------------------ 3, 190 20. MANSFIELD RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. The site of Mansfield Dam is on Raccoon Creek 29.6 miles above its confluence with Wabash River, and is located in Parke County about 48 miles west of Indianapolis and 25 miles northeast of Terre Haute, Ind. The reservoir at maximum pool level will extend upstream about 14 miles and will lie in Parke and Putnam Counties, Ind. Existing project. The improvement plan provides for the con- struction of a dam for flood control and recreation. It consists of an earth embankment with maximum height of 112 feet and a length of 1,640 feet, a saddle spillway through a low point in the right abut- ment, and an outlet works along the toe of the right abutment with control gates and stilling basin. A permanent pool at elevation 610, having a capacity of 4,500 acre-feet and an area of 500 acres, is in- cluded in the plan. The storage between elevation 610 and 664 amounting to 83,500 acre-feet, which is equivalent to 6.9 inches of runoff from the 226 square miles of drainage area above the dam, will be reserved for flood control. Also included in the project are the acquisition of necessary lands and flowage easements, clearing the permanent pool area of all timber and brush, and relocation of Federal Highway 36, secondary roads, oil pipelines and other utilities which will be affected by the reservoir. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $4,986,100 for construc- tion and $1,513,900 for lands and damages, a total of $6,500,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 893 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Local interests have indicated their willing- ness to participate in construction of recreation facilities for use of the public in the reservoir area. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys, foundation explorations, and engineering studies necessary for the preparation of the general design memorandum were continued during the fiscal year. The costs during fiscal year were $55,362 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning for the general design memorandum was advanced to about 70 percent of completion. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $103,151 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ...... $20, 000 -$34, 530 . ... $28, 000 $50, 000 $103,470 Cost ___-... ...- -- 20,432 2,797 ------------ 22, 319 55, 362 103,151 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - -___ 1--$766 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-... 90, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------------- 89, 234 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------------- 5, 806, 530 1Over obligation of funds due to retroactive pay increase, fiscal year 1955. 21. VINCENNES, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. In Knox County, Ind., on the left bank of the Wabash River, 128 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of 3.9 miles of earth levee, 0.5 mile of levee enlargement, 0.8 mile of concrete wall, 5 pumping plants, alteration of 3 railroad bridges and other necessary appurtenances. It will provide pro- tection for the city of Vincennes, Ind., against Wabash River floods equal to the maximum of record. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1955) is $4,320,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $285,000. The latest published map is contained in House Document 197, 80th Congress, 1st session. The existing project was selected for construction under the addi- tional authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation in accordance with the city council resolution were executed on November 28, 1951. Acquisition of rights-of-way for Section A, parts 1 and 2 and section B, part 1 is completed and the remainder is under way. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of section 894 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMVIY, 1955 A, part 2 and section B, part 1 was completed. Planning for section B, part 2a, and the 5 pumping plants was performed during the year. Design studies were continued under contract by Baltimore & Ohio Railroad for the alteration of their bridge and approaches. The costs during fiscal year were $301,579 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in May 1952 and was 35 percent completed at end of fiscal year. The construction of section A, parts 1 and 2, and section B, part 1, was completed. Design studies for the alteration of Baltimore & Ohio Railroad bridge and approaches were reported to be well advanced. Plans and specifications for the construction of section B, part 2a, and for the pumping plants were 10 and 80 percent com- pleted, respectively. The work remaining consists of completion of planning for section B, parts 2a and 2b, pumping plants and bridge alterations, and the construction of these features. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,495,603 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . . . .30,. 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated - $300, 000 $498, 000 $1, 200, 000 $500, 000 $2, 588, 000 Cost_ $30,862 100,934 510,305 515,498 301,579 1,495,603 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- --- _ $579, 300 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .. _ 584, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------------------------------------------- 1, 163, 300 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------------------- 1, 148, 000 22. MUNCIE, IND., FLOODWALL AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT Location. Muncie is located in Delaware County, Ind., on the White River, 322 miles above its mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees, concrete floodwalls, and channel ex- cavation, consisting of the following features: channel excavation in three locations, totaling 20,000 feet in length, along the White River, extending from a point 11/4 miles below the Tillotson Avenue Bridge upstream to Macedonia Street; right bank construction, including 13,400 feet of new boulevard levee and 2,650 feet of new earth levee, the underpinning and repair of 1,150 feet of existing concrete wall, and the construction of 1,180 feet of new concrete wall along Wheel- ing Avenue and Minnetrista Avenue; to provide protection for that portion of Muncie on the right bank of the river except a park area; left bank construction, including 2,300 feet of new concrete wall, 2,910 feet of new earth levee, 300 feet of riverside enlargement of existing earth levees, and 4,570 feet of landside enlargement of existing earth FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 895 levees to provide complete protection for that portion of Muncie on the left bank of the river; 4 pumping plants for the disposal of in- terior drainage and appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for the city of Muncie, Ind., against a flood equal to the maximum flood of record which occurred in 1913. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1955) is $888,000; the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $103,000. The latest published map is contained in House Document No. 100, 73d Congress, 1st session. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Planning of remedial work for drainage structures was initiated and completed during the year. Contract was awarded for the construction of this work. Local interests performed routine maintenance on the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,103 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in June 1940 and was completed in May 1950. Contract was awarded for construction of minor remedial work for drainage struc- tures but no work had been done at the end of fiscal year. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $881,755 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... -$5, 000 -$4, 349 ............ . $7, 450 $888, 102 Cost ................. 3,666 183 ------------------ - - - 1,103 881,755 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- ---- $701 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----------------------------------------------- 701 23. CAGLES MILL RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. The site of the Cagles Mill Dam is on Mill Creek, 2.8 miles above its confluence with Eel River, and 7 miles west of Clover- dale, Ind. It is in Putnam County, Ind., and about 25 miles east of Terre Haute, Ind. Cagles Mill Reservoir extends upstream about 11 miles and is located in Putnam and Owen Counties, Ind. Existing project. The project consists of a reservoir for flood con- trol and recreation. It includes the dam, which consists of an earth and rockfill embankment with a maximum height of 150 feet and a length of 900 feet, an outlet tunnel through the right abutment with control gates and stilling basin and an opencut spillway through a low point in the left abutment. A permanent pool at elevation 636, having a capacity of 27,100 acre-feet and an area of 1,400 acres, is provided. The storage between elevations 636 and 704, amounting to 363037-55--vol. 2- 57 896 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 201,000 acre-feet, which is equivalent to 12.8 inches of runoff from the 295 square miles of drainage area above the dam, is reserved for flood control. Also included in the project are the acquistion of necessary lands, clearing the permanent pool area of all timber and brush, and the relocation of a section of State Highway 42 which was affected by the reservoir. Operation of the project for flood control provides re- duction in flood stages on the Eel, White, and Wabash Rivers and reduction in the contribution of the Wabash River to Ohio River floods. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $4,109,000. The (1955) estimated annual cost of maintenance and operation is $31,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. The State of Indiana has undertaken the development and management of recreation facilities for use of the public in the reservoir area in accordance with license granted by the Secretary of the Army on January 17, 1952. Operations and results during fiscal year. Final settlement was made for relocation of an oil line and obligations from prior fiscal year were liquidated. Miscellaneous minor corrective measures were com- pleted. Routine operations and maintenance was performed during the year. The costs during the fiscal year were $7,105 for new work and $24,084 for operation and maintenance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1948 and was completed at the end of fiscal year 1953, except for minor items of work. The minor corrective measures were completed during fiscal year and the reservoir is in operation. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,107,767 for new work and $67,486 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------- -$83, 000 -$400, 000 -$19, 000 .------------- $13, 200 $4,107,800 Cost....----------------- 869, 483 657, 078 653, 205 $96, 841 7, 105 4,107,767 Maintenance: Appropriated------ ........------------------------ 21, 000 27,360 21, 150 69, 510 Cost ------------------------------------- 18, 975 24, 427 24,084 67,486 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $33 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----------------- 33 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project- ------------------ ---------------- 1, 200 FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 897 24. PADUCAH, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. Paducah is located in McCracken County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 934.4 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following features: Section A, an earth levee 13,920 feet in length, extending from high ground south of United States Highway No. 60, near Levin Avenue along the bank of the Ohio River to the foot or Terrell Street; section B, unit 1, including 530 feet of new earth levee and 7,100 feet of concrete wall, unit 2, including 2,730 feet of new earth levee and 8,770 feet of concrete wall, and a barrier dam, 367 feet long, across Island Creek, the entire section extending from the upstream end of section A along the bank of the Ohio River to the foot of Mill Street; section C, an earth levee, 31,520 feet in length, extending from the upstream end of section B in a general southerly direction to high ground north of the Illinois Central Rail- road bridge over Bee Slough, 12 pumping plants for the disposal of interior drainage and appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for Paducah, Ky., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1955) is $4,744,000, of which an amount not exceeding $160,000 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $202,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the gen- eral authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. Local cooperation. On April 22, 1938, the President approved a waiver of 40 percent of the estimated cost of lands, easements, and rights-of-way under provisions of section 1 of the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. Rights-of-way for construction have been furnished in accordance with this waiver. Acquisition of flow- age easement in Bee Branch area outside of levee is pending. The project was assigned to local interest for operation and maintenance as of July 15, 1949. Operations and results during fiscal year. Final settlement of a pending claim was made during fiscal year. Minor remedial work was accomplished. Operation of the project during the 1954-55 flood season resulted in the prevention of flood damages estimated at $37,000. The costs during fiscal year were $272,870 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in August 1939 and was completed in January 1950. Sup- plemental work for drainage structures has been completed. The work remaining consists of final settlement for lands, easements and: rights-of-way upon decision of pending court cases. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $4,650,688 from regular funds and $4,623 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $4,655,311. for new work. 898 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated------....... $268, 498 ------------ $86, 889 ------------ $293, 113 $4,683,874 Cost - 9, 296 $46, 362 36, 745 $33, 499 272, 870 4, 655, 311 1Includes $4,623 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ $28, 563 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-----------------------------------------28, 563 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-------------------------------- 60, 100 25. BROOKPORT, OHIO RIVER BASIN, ILL. Location. Brookport is located in Massac County, Ill., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 937.4 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls, consisting of 18,900 feet of new earth levee, 760 feet of roadway levee, and 3,530 feet of concrete wall, extending south from high ground about 1 mile northeast of the city to the bank of the Ohio River, then along the bank of the Ohio River downstream to and across Davis Bayou, then in a general northerly direction to high ground about 1.2 miles north- west of the city and 1,000 feet west of U. S. Highway No. 45; 3 pump- ing plants for the disposal of interior drainage, and appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for Brookport, Ill., against Ohio River floods equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in 1937. The current (1955) estimated cost of the project is $608,000, of which an amount not exceeding $4,500 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $10,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 28, 1937. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Planning for remedial work for drainage structures was performed. The project was main- tained and operated by local interests during the year. The costs during the fiscal year were $130 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in June 1940 and completed in May 1942, except for purchase and installation of movable closures which were completed in fiscal year 1949. The project was assigned to local interests for operation and maintenance May 14, 1949. Minor remedial work for drainage structures remains to be accomplished. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $592,250 from regular funds and $402 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $592,652 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 899 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated-_ ---- -_ _ .._ --------- ...--- ----------- ------------ $200 $592, 722 Cost ..------------------------- ... ---------- $1,501 ------------ 130 652 592, 1 Includes $402 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------- $70 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------------- ------ 70 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-------------------------------- 15, 280 26. OHIO RIVER BASIN, LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICOT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, floodwalls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Louisville, Ky., District. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, authorized the construction of the levees, floodwalls, and drainage structures, for the protection of cities and towns in the Ohio River Basin, the projects to be selected by the Chief of En- gineers with the approval of the Secretary of War, in accordance with House Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, at a cost not to exceed $24,877,000 for construction, which was authorized to be appropriated for this purpose. The Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, approved the gen- eral comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and for initiation and partial accomplish- ment of the plan, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers subject to the provision that the authorization shall include the diversion of Cache River above Cairo, Ill., and the protection of the area north of the Cairo drainage district by levees, at an estimated cost of $2,000,000. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the sum of $45,000,000 for the further prosecution of the compre- hensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the sum of $70,000,000 for the further prosecution of the approved comprehensive flood control plan for the Ohio River Basin. This act modified the previous plan within the Louisville District to include the plan of improvement for flood control and other pur- poses in the Kentucky River Basin in accordance with recom- mendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 504, 78th Congress, 2d session, flood protection works at Taylorsville, 900 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Ky., and on Rough River and tributaries, Kentucky, in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in Senate Docu- ment No. 105, 78th Congress, 1st session, and House Document No. 535, 78th Congress, 2d session, respectively. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the sum of $125,000,000 for further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin, modified within the Louisville District to include the plan of improvement for flood control in the Wabash River Basin, Ill., and Ind., substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 197, 80th Congress, 1st session, and the West Fork Reservoir on the West Fork of Mill Creek in Ohio, substantially in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 198, 80th Congress, 1st session. In addition to previous authorizations, the Ilood Control Act ap- proved May 17, 1950, authorized the sum of $100,000,000 for further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended. This act modified the comprehen- sive plan within the Louisville District to include necessary bank stabilization measures at the New Harmony Bridge, Indiana and Illinois at an estimated cost of $500,000. Also included in the act was the provision that the Mining City Dam and Reservoir, Ky., and alternates therefor, shall not be constructed if such construc- tion would have any adverse effect on Mammoth Cave National Park. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Louisville, Ky., District: 26. OHIO RIVER BASIN, LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT Local protection projects Estimated cost Location I Type of protection Total Non- Federal Federal Adams Levee, Ind. (Wabash River)9. Leveel.----------------. $246, 000 $13,000 $259, 000 Alton, Ind.7 8do________________________. _255, d- 000 40, 000 295, 000 August, Ky.' 8 Wall and levee.... ..----------1,220,000 620, 000 1, 840, 000 Aurora, Ind.7 --............... .... do . -------------- 4, 300, 000 1,190, 000 5, 490, 000 Barnett 2Creek, Ky. (Rough River Channel improvement----.... 106, 000 18, 000 124, 000 Basin) 5. Bellevue, Ky. 8 ________.............Wall and levee-....---------.. 1, 570,000 400,000 1, 970, 000 Bonpas Creek, Ill. (Wabash River Channel improvement-.... 505, 000 240, 000 745, 000 Basin) .9 Bromely, Ky.'J ---..---- .. Wall and levee--------............ 1, 250, 000 925,000 2,175, 000 Brookport, Ill.s-......... .------_-_do-.... --- --.__ - _ - 608, 000 10, 000 618. 000 California (Cincinnati), - Ohio 7 8 _- .do---....-. -____- 1, 750, 000 720, 000 2, 470, 000 Cannelton, Ind. do------------------- 1,930, 000 40, 000 1, 970, 000 Carrollton, Ky.' 8__... _-. ---. do--....----------------- 2, 220,000 97,000 2, 317, 000 Caseyville, Ky. 8.. .....................------------ Levee-------- 396, 000 35, 000 431,000 Cave-in-Rock, Il1.7 __________________ ... do .. --- ---........... 661, 000 125, 000 786, 000 Chilo, Ohio 7 8-...... Wall and levee--.. ---_--- 899, 000 120, 000 1,019, 000 Cincinnati, Ohio 4_--- - Wall and barrier dam........ 9, 978, 000 1,028, 000 11, 006, 000 Cincinnati, Ohio (unit 2)7 8-- .. Wall and levee------.............. 16, 800, 000 2. 900, 000 19, 700, 000 Cincinnati, Ohio (unit 4 remain- Wall----------------......................... 14,900,000 621,000 15, 521,000 der).7 8 See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 901 Local protection projects-Continued Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection Total Federal NoFederaln- Federal Cleves, Ohio 7 ------------------- 7 Levee .................--------------------... $1, 240, 000 $67, 000 $1, 307, 000 Clinton, Ind. (Wabash 7 River) 8______ .---. do-..---------------- 77,000 9, 000 86, 000 Cloverport, Ky. ___________________ Wall and levee---......------- 728,000 193,000 921,000 Concordia, Ky. s.............. Levee.------------------- 590,000 55, 000 645, 000 Covington, Ky..................... Wall and levee.---_-------- 7,300,000 765,000 8,065,000 Dayton Ky.7 8- ..... ----- do---------------------- 3, 700, 000 1, 110, 000 4, 810, 000 Deer dreek Prairie Levee, Ind. Levee__-------------------- 162,000 9, 000 171, 000 (Wabash River). Delphi, Ind. (Wabash River) 8. ------ ----..do.......---------------- 144, 563 553,000 10,000 67, 000 154,563 620, 000 Derby, Ind.77 8___ Wall and levee-............. Dover, Ky. 8-------------------- Levee__-------------------- 648,000 585, 000 1,233, 000 Elizabethtown, Ill.7 s.8--. Wall and levee....--__-------...... 559,000 153, 000 712,000 England Pond Levee, Ill. (Wabash Levee-------------------- 564,000 30,000 594, 000 River) .o Evansville, Ind.7 8.. Wall and levee.............- 11, 552, 000 1,690, 000 13, 232, 000 Fletcher and 'Sunshine Gardens Levee_---.----------------- 417,000 24,000 441, 000 levee, Ind. (Wabash River Basin).' 7 Frankfort, Ky. (Kentucky River) 8. Wall and levee--__..........------ 2,930,000 1,110, 000 4,040,000 Golconda, Ill.4...----------------- ...---do-.------------------ 489,000 29, 800 518, 800 Grandivew, Ind.78 __________________ Levee--- ..----------------- 580,000 133, 000 713,000 Greenfield Bayou levee, Ind. (Wa- ---..... do ..--------------- 1,620,000 265, 000 1, 885, 000 bash River).' Harrisburg, Ill11.4-_. _ . Wall and levee----.............------ 849, 656 20,000 869,656 Hawesville, Ky.' ... .. Levee--------------------.............. 970,000 68, 000 1,038, 000 Higginsport, Ohio 78_________________ Wall and levee.............---------- 944,000 320,000 1,264, 000 Honey Creek levee, Ind. (Wabash Levee................-----------------....... 653,000 32,000 685, 000 River) .7 8 Island levee, Ind. (Wabash River)9___ do ..---------------- .----.... 1,310,000 226,000 1, 536, 000 Jackson, Ky. (Kentucky River Cutoff channel- .....--- __ 260,000 3, 000 263, 000 Basin) .o Jeffersonville-Clarksville, e Ind.2 ...... Wall and levee....._---..--- 4, 220,000 591, 000 4, 811,000 Lawrenceburg, Ind.7 .__ __.... do ..---------------- ---... 2,433, 414 284, 725 2, 718, 139 Leavenworth, Ind. 8_____________ do---------------- --.... 1,470,000 266, 000 1,736,000 Levee unit 1, Eel River, 7 Ind. (Wa- Levee ..------------------..................--- 204,000 40,000 244, 000 bash River Basin). 8 Levee unit 2, Eel River, 7 Ind. (Wa- ----. do ...--------------................ 2,090,000 715, 000 2, 805, 000 bash River Basin). 8 Levee unit 1, Little Wabash River, ..----do ..........---------------- 2, 180, 000 153, 000 2. 333, 000 Ill. (Wabash River Basin).o Levee unit 2, Little Wabash River, ....---- do _.............------ 1.400,000 70, 000 1,470, 000 Ill. (Wabash River Basin).' Levee unit 6, Wabash River, Ill. ...--do---------------- 1, 160, 000 56, 000 1,216, 000 (Wabash River Basin).7 8 Levee unit 17, Wabash River, Ind. ----do-,_------------------- 649, 000 53, 000 702, 000 (Wabash River Basin).' Levee unit 1, White River, Ind. 1, 650, 000 ....do .--------------................ 105, 000 1, 755, 000 (Wabash River Basin).' Levee unit 2, White River, Ind. do .......---------------- ---..... 547, 000 67, 000 614, 000 (Wabash River Basin).' Levee unit 7, White River, Ind. 1,130, 000 80, 000 1, 210, 000 (Wabash River Basin).' Lewisport, Ky.o__ . Wall and levee__........... 473, 000 220, 000 693, 000 Louisville, Ky. ...................... ...---- do .......---------------- 24, 023, 000 2, 500, 000 26, 523, 000 Ludlow, Ky.7 8s........-----------. ----- do------------------- 2, 540, 000 745, 000 3, 285, 000 M adison, Ind.7 8_.... ... .... .. _____. . -- do---------------..............3,820,000 360,000 4,180, 000 Mason J. Niblack levee, Ind. (Wa- 2,680,000 226, 000 2, 906, 000 bash River).' Mauckport, Ind.7 8_______-----..____ o ------------ ----do---------- 506,000 105, 000 611,000 McGinnis levee, Ind. (Wabash River ...-----do..........----------------...... 1,820, 000 104, 000 1, 924, 000 Basin).? 8 Metropolis, Ill.7 ___________________ Wall and levee............. 3,070, 000 431,000 3, 501,000 Milton, Ky.? s8- - - Wall--..------------------- 2,480,000 41, 000 2, 521,000 Moscow Ohio 7 8 Levee------------------- 372, 000 1, 170, 000 1, 542, 000 New Albany, Ind.'___ Wall and levee---.. ------- 5,330,000 740, 000 6, 070, 000 New Amsterdam, Ind.7 8__ Levee_-------------------- 476, 000 13, 000 489, 000 New Harmony Bridge, Ill. and Ind.e 700,000 65, 000 765, 000 New Harmony, Ind. (Wabash 616,000 25,000 641,000 River).7 8 New Richmond, Ohio 78_ ........... Wall and levee....--------........-- 3,200,000 720, 000 3. 920, 000 Newport, Ky..................... ----- do....------------------ 7,200,000 299, 000 7, 499, 000 - Owensboro, Ky.7 8.................. -- do_ .....-- -............. 886,000 195, 000 1,081,000 Paducah, Ky.' .................... --- do t .......---------------- 4, 744, 000 202, 000 4, 946, 000 Patriot, Ind.7 8------..................... Levee .................---------------- 753,000 372, 000 1,125, 000 Prestonville, Ky. 8 ......... 8 Wall and levee----------.............. 1, 710, 000 55, 000 1, 765, 000 Raccoon levee, Ind. (Wabash River). Levee....................----------------- 325,000 33, 000 358, 000 Reevesville, Ill. (Cache River)3...... -----....do.......--------------- 600, 300 40, 000 640,300 See footnotes at end of table. 902 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local protection projects-Continued Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection Total Federal Non Federal Ripley, Ohio 7 8___________________...................... 7 Wall and levee.__.--------. $1, 940, 000 $810, 000 $2, 750, 000 Rising Sun, Ind. 8___-- -- do-----.....-------------- __.............._____ 896, 000 280, 000 1, 176, 000 Rochester and McCleary's Bluff Levee ......----------------- -- 877, 000 110, 000 987, 000 levee, Ill. (Wabash River).9 7 Rockport, Ind. 8___________ .______ Wall and levee.............-------- ---- 466, 000 133, 000 599, 000 Rome, Ind.7 8.___- Levee---------- ---------- 359, 000 67, 000 426, 000 Rough River, Ky. (Rough River) 25_ Channel improvement...... 824, 000 4, 000 828, 000 Russell and Allison levee, Ill. (Wa- Levee__---------- --------- 4, 050, 000 1, 890, 000 5, 940, 000 bash River).o Shawneetown, 111.78 .. Wall and levee......--------.... 1, 810, 000 361, 000 2, 171, 000 Shufflebarger levee, 7 Ind. (Wabash Levee ----------------............. 2, 380, 000 90, 000 2, 470, 000 River Basin). 7 8 Smithland, Ky. 8- - - - Wall and levee....--------..... 864, 000 414, 000 1, 278, 000 Sturgis, Ky. (Tradewater River) __ Levee_ ------------------ -- 610, 000 69, 000 679, 000 Sugar-Creek levee, Ind. (Wabash ...- do ........---------------- 321,000 27, 000 348, 000 River) .9 Taylorsville, Ky. (Salt River).4..........do .. _______---- --......---------......... 373, 050 63, 310 436, 360 Tell City, Ind.------- --------- _- Wall and levee--------..........---... 921,000 32, 700 953, 700 Tolu, Ky.? 8 -Levee ------------------- 303,000 35,000 338,000 Tri Pond levee, Ill. (Wabash River). _ _ do _ _ __..--- ---- ------------- 912, 000 70, 000 982, 000 Troy, Ind.7 8- ------ Wall and levee-....--------........ 502, 000 133, 000 635, 000 Uniontown,7 Ky..... ..- ...-..---- Levee ----------- ___-------- 1,075, 000 72, 000 1, 147, 000 Utica, Ind. 7s__________________ do__------------------- 1, 570, 000 120, 000 1,690, 000 Vevay, Ind. 8____-- .... .do-_......--- 1, 170, 000 146, 000 1,316, 000 Vincinnes, Ind. (Wabash River)2-.....- - -Wall - - and levee.... ---........ 4, 320. 000 285, 000 4, 605, 000 West Point, Ky..... .... . do .........------------------- 1, 570, 000 290, 000 1,860, 000 Westport, Ky.7 8____ Wall-..------------------- 1, 610, 000 41,000 1, 651, 000 West Terre Haute, Ind. (Wabash ----------------- Levee....................... 405,000 93, 000 498, 000 River) .o 7 Wilder, Ky. 8__........................ Wall and levee..........-------.... 2, 190, 000 220, 000 2, 410, 000 1 All projects are located on the Ohio River unless otherwise noted. 2 Details of this project are given in individual report. 3 Substitute project for Bellnap, Karnak, and Ullin, Ill., complete; see Annual Report for 1954 for last report showing details. 4 Complete. See Annual Report for 1952 for last report showing details. 5 Part of Rough River Reservoir and channel improvement project, Kentucky. Details of this project are given in individual report. 6 Complete. See Annual Report for 1953 for last report showing details. 7 Also see listing of this project under item "Other authorized flood control projects." 8 Estimated cost revised 1954. 0 Estimated cost revised 1955. FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY.1 DISTRICT 903 Reservoirs Total esti- Tributary basin and reservoir Stream mated cost Great Miami River: 7 Brookville, Ind. --- East Fork of Whitewater River.... E-------------_ ---------------- 16, 700, 000 Metamora, Ind.5a ................. -- West Fork of Whitewater River....---------------- 35, 300, 000 Green River: 5 Mining City, Ky. 68 River ........... G---------Green 69,100, 000 ......................-------------------------------. Nolin, Ky.7_____-------------------- Nolin River ..............................----------------------- 15,100,000 No. 2 Barren, Ky.7.................. Barren River_ ------------------------------ 20, 400, 000 No.2 Green, Ky.7 .--------------- Green River-------------------------------...................... 7, 180, 000 Rough, Ky.14 . Rough River--- .-------------------- ------------ ---------------- ....... 8, 970, 000 Kentucky River: Booneville, Ky.7 ----------------- South Fork of Kentucky River .............--------------- 18, 000, 000 Buckhorn, Ky. ... ----------------- 8 Middle Fork of Kentucky River _ ------------- 7, 400, 000 Jessamine Creek, Ky. 8 ---- Kentucky River_ ...--------------------------- 46, 900, 000 Licking River: .. Cave Run, Ky.5 8-----... . . . Licking River--------.........--.......----------- -------- 13, 900, 000 Falmouth, Ky. do__ ----------------------------------- ..------------------- 25, 800, 000 Little Miami River: Caesar Creek, Ohio 7 _........--.-.- Caesar Creek-------------------------------............................... 6, 540, 000 East Fork, Ohio 7 ----- East Fork ....--------------------------------- 9, 640, 000 Mill Creek: West Fork, Ohio 1 S-----.-------. West Fork of Mill Creek..........----------------------- 2, 982, 000 Wabash River: - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - Cagles Mill, Ind.1_. Mill Creek___--------------------------------- 4,109, 000 Mansfield, Ind.1.----------------- Raccoon Creek.......----------------------------- 6,500,000 ' Details of this project are given in individual report. 2 Non-Federal cost is $520,801 additional. 3 See Annual Report for 1950 for last report showing details. 4 Part of Rough River Reservoir and channel improvements project, Kentucky. Details of this project are given in individual reports. 5 Also see listing of this project under item "Other authorized flood control projects." 6 Estimated cost revised 1954. 7 Estimated cost revised 1955. Operationsand results during fiscal year. No work was performed during the year and no costs were incurred. Condition at end of fiscal year. Surveys, explorations, engineering studies, and preparation of detailed plans were well advanced on those units in the general comprehensive plan for flood control in the Ohio River Basin which are under consideration for construction in the near future. The status of projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,439,388. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.........-$727, 019 -$131,405 $25, 536 -$35, 501 ..........------------ $1,439, 388 Cost------------------ 50, 904 3, 812 3, 763 ..........--- 1,439,388 23, 755--------- I II I 904 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 27. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to required to ReportOperation fo8rt Construction and main- complete 1 tenance 0 Alton, Ohio River Basin, Ind. _... _ . .___ $255, 000 Anderson, White River, Ind.o0 _ _ _ __ 1940 $5, 724 548, 276 Augusta, Ohio River Basin, Ky.. - .-- .-- 1...3...873..... ...... 1, 220, 000 Aurora, Ohio River Basin, Ind.9.............. 4, 300, 000 Bellevue, Ohio River Basin, Ky.__ ._.... 1, 570, 000 Brevoort levee, Wabash River, Ind .............. 1954 1, 230, 873 --- - --- 11909, 127 Bromley, Ohio River Basin, Ky.10o --_-- _.-- _---- ........ 1, 250, 000 California, (Cincinnati) (Ohio River Basin, Ohio).10o ....................... 1, 750, 000 Carrollton, Ohio River Basin, Ky.lo _______ 2, 220, .000 Caseyville, Ohio River Basin, Ky.10tlo_______ _...._..._..._..._..._....... ............................. 396, 000 Cave-in-Rock, Ohio River Basin, I1.10-o_-_ 661,000 Cave Run Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Licking River). ________________ 13, 900, 000 Chilo, Ohio River Basin, Ohio o _ _ _ _ _ _ I Cincinnati (Unit 2) Ohio River Basin, Ohio. o - . 899, 000 16, 800, 000 Cincinnati (unit 4 remainder) Ohio River Basin, Ohio.10o_ 14, 900, 000 Cleves, Ohio River Basin, Ohio 10________________ 1,240, 000 Clinton Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash River).0, _ ____ -------------- 77, 000 Cloverport, Ohio River Basin, Ky.o __ -------------- 728, 000 Concordia, Ohio River Basin, Ky._ _ ___ -------------- 590,000 Dayton, Ohio River Basin, Ky.10 3, 700, 000 Delphi, Ohio River Basin, Ind. l(Wabash o River)__ 1953 ------144,563 (3) Derby, Ohio River Basin, Ind. _ __ _--_- ----- 553, 000 Dover, Ohio River Basin, Ky....... _-- -- - - -------------- 648, 000 Elizabethtown, Ohio River Basin, I1.10o_- -------------- 559, 000 Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act) ........... .....---.---- 1952 106, 816 (3) Evansville, Ohio River Basin, Ind.4 .......... __ 1953 2,227,556 _...__._....._ 9, 314, 444 Falmouth Reservoir, 9 Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Licking River). .._ _..... ........... _ _ 25, 800, 000 Frankfort, Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Kentucky River) .9 2, 930, 000 Gill Township levee unit, Wabash River, Ind ... 1948 561, 200 (a) Golconda, Ohio River Basin, Ill-............... 1952 487,108 (3) Grandview, Ohio River Basin, Ind.0-_ 580, 000 Harrisburg, Ohio River Basin, Ill_............... 1952- 849, 656 (3) Higginsport, Ohio River Basin, Ohio.10 _ _____ _ ._ _ _- _. . - - _-- -_-- 944, 000 Honey Creek levee, 5 . . . . . River Ohio . . . . . . . Ind. . . . . . . Basin, . .. . (Wabash River). o . . 653, 000 Indianapolis, Ind.5............................... 1953 1,859,363 117, 540,637 Jessamine Creek Reservoir, 9 Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Kentucky River). _............ 46, 900, 000 Lawrenceburg, Ohio River Basin, Ind-........... 1953 2,433,414 ...... (3) Leavenworth, Ohio River Basin, Ind.10o_ _.. 1, 470, 000 Levee unit 1, Eel River, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash River Basin).9 _............ 204, 000 Levee unit 2, Eel River, 9Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash River Basin). ______ 2, 090, 000 Levee unit No. 3, east fork of White River, Ind. __ 1938 275 ............. 112, 789, 725 Levee unit No. 1, Wabash River, Ill111........... 1938 ......................... 113, 410, 000 Levee unit No. 2, Wabash River, Ill.2..__...... 1938 11 3, 090, 000 Levee units Nos. 3 and 4, Wabash River, Ill..... - 1938 216 11 6, 839, 784 Levee unit No. 5, Wabash River, Ind.a__ 1952 88,368 ....---.....-------...-- 11 8, 511, 632 Levee unit No. 6, Ill. Ohio River Basin (Wabash River).9 .......................... 1,160, 000 Levee unit No. 8, White River, Ind_ Levee unit No. 9, White River, Ind.s___-_.-... --.-----.-- 1952 1939 700, 534 . -- (2) n 24, 000 Levee unit No. 10, White River, Ind.5 ........... 1939 11164, 000 Logansport, Wabash River, Ind.o0 __ 1939 2, 440, 000 Ludlow, Ohio River Basin, Ky.!0 ............... 2, 540, 000 Lyford levee unit, Wabash River, Ind .....--- 1944 . 267, 391____.. " ..... (3) Madison, Ohio River Basin, Ind.,0 ......... - -- _--_- - -_-- - - --_ - - - _-- 3, 820, 000 Mauckport, Ohio River Basin, Ind.0 __. _------ _-_-_--_-_-__-_-_- _-_-__-_-_--_--_ 506, 000 Mc Ginnis levee, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash 67,649 ............------------ 1, 752, 351 River Basin).o10 ... ... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. 1950 Metamora Reservoir, Ohio 9 . . . . .River . . . . . .Ind. . . . .Basin, . .. . (Great Miami River). , 35, 300, 000 Metropolis, Ohio River Basin, Ill..._....... o ... 3, 070, 000 Milton, Ohio River Basin, Ky. 2,480, 000 Mining City Reservoir, 9 Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Green River). .................-------. 69,100, 000 FLOOD CONTROI--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 905 OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS-Continued For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Extimated amount Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete 1 tenance ------ --------- Moscow, Ohio River Basin, Ohio 9--------... .............. ____ ----- _ _ $1, 170, 000 New Amsterdam, Ohio River Basin, Ind.o __ - ____-_------ _ ______------ 476, 000 New Harmony, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash River).------ ....................... ............--------------------- .........------------ ........ -------------- -------------- 616,000 New Richmond, Ohio River Basin, Ohio.lo0 .. _.._--------------------- _ 3, 200, 000 Orleans, Ind.................................------------------------------ 1952 - ..............---- 11327, 000 Owensboro, Ohio River Basin, Ky 0 .-------------.............. ...........-- 886,000 Patriot, Ohio River Basin, Ind. lo___.-..................-_ _ _ __753, 000 Peru, Wabash River, Ind.o__ _--------_, 1951 $1,922 .--..--....-. 7, 258, 078 Prestonville, Ohio River Basin, Ky. ---------------------------------------- 1,710,000 Reevesville, Ohio River Basin, Ill_ .... _..... 1954 600, 300 ......------------ Ripley, Ohio River Basin, Ohio 1to 10 __-_-_ ........ 1,940, 000 Rising Sun, Ohio River Basin, Ind. --o_ -- -- - -- _ -- --.... -- _896, _..----------------------------_- 000 Rockport, Ohio River Basin, Ind .............. ....... . 466, 000 Rome, Ohio River Basin, Ind.10lo ______ _ --------------------------- _. 359, 000 Rosiclare. Ill-----------.......... - - - 1954 622,484 --- __-----() Saylersville, Licking River, Ky.' 1946 12, 000--------------- 604, 000 Shawneetown, Ohio River Basin, Il1.10-______-------------__-__ 10 - - - - - - - - - _ ---------- 1,810,000 Shoals, east fork of White River, Ind. 1938 543, 000 Shufflebarger levee, Ohio - -River - - - - - -Basin, - - - - - - -Ind. -- -- - (Wabash River Basin).0o 1950 63, 764 .............. 2, 316, 236 Small flood control projects not specifically au- thorized by Congress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.)--------- -------------------- 1953 70, 304 ......------- - (_) Smithland, Ohio River Basin, Ky...o_.____--- _------ _ ----------- _ -- - 864, 000 Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act)10o-._ - ..... 1953 26, 569-------------- (5) Taylorsville, Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Salt River) 1952 6 373, 050 ....... -- -() )--- Terre Haute, Wabash River, Ind.'7 o10_-_- 1938 ............. 199, 000 Tolu, Ohio River Basin, Ky.10_ _............--------------------- 303,000 Troy, Ohio River Basin, Ind.10--------------------------------------------------- 502, 000 Utica, Ohio River Basin, Ind.0-.---------.------------O--------------- 10 - O1, 570, 000 Vevay, Ohio River Basin, Ind. ......-----------------------------....------------.. _1,170,000 Wabash, Wabash River, Ind.o 0 ------------- - 1938 ............ 872, 000 Westport, Ohio River Basin Ky.o ............... . . 000 1,610, Wilder, Ohio River Basin, Ky.1 o _. . ..... 000 2,190, 1 Revised in 1954 unless otherwise noted, 2 Awaiting local cooperation, S Completed. 4 Partially completed. Awaiting local cooperation. b Partially completed. Remaining construction suspended. 6 In addition, contributed funds in the amount of $5,000 were expended. ' Partially completed by Works Progress Administration. 8Dates of last full report for projects only so reported. 9 Deferred for restudy. 1oInactive. 11Revised in 1955. 28. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and subsequent acts require local interests to furnish assurances that they will main- tain and operate certain local protection projects after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. District engineers are responsible for the administration of these regu- lations within the boundaries of their respective districts. The (1955) estimate of the annual cost of this work in the Louisville district is $17,000. Maintenance inspections were made during the fiscal year of com- pleted units of 25 projects transferred to local interests for mainte- nance and operation. Local interests were advised, as necessary, of measures required to maintain these projects in accordance with stand- ards prescribed by the regulations. 906 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The cost during the fiscal year was $11,115 for maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $62,952, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated......--------- $11, 500 $12, 000 $16, 000 $14, 700 $12, 316 $66, 516 Cost .. . 10, 964 11, 456 15, 812 13, 605 11,115 62, 952 29. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood control emergencies Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). Operations during the fiscal year consisted of initiation and comple- tion of construction of a pilot channel cutoff for the protection of levee unit 8, White River, Ind., against caving banks. Annual revi- sion of the flood emergency plan was also accomplished. The costs during the fiscal year were $11,687 for maintenance work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June • 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- $970, 000 -- ... -- $150, 001 -$31, 827 $20, 000 $2,931,362 Cost---------------...... -- 553, 199 $249, 267 96, 555 6, 460 11, 687 2,920, 483 30. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost for examinations and surveys for the fiscal year amounted to $44,753. Funds available in fiscal year 1956 will be applied to 6 flood-control surveys. 31. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Collection and study of basic data during the year consisted prin- cipally of miscellaneous hydrologic studies relating to river and har- bor flood-control work, study of stream gaging equipment program, and installation of rain-gaging equipment at completed flood protec- tion projects. Cost for the fiscal year was $4,514. Funds available in fiscal year 1956 will be applied to the collection and study of basic data. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT This district embraces those portions of the States of Ohio, Ken- tucky, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania lying in the drainage basins of the Ohio River and tributaries, from about mile 109 between Captina Island and Powhatan Point, Ohio, to about mile 409.3 immediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, a distance of about 300.3 miles, including the following streams im- proved for slack-water navigation: Ohio River, with its locks and dams 14 to 23, inclusive, Gallipolis locks and dam, and locks and dams 27 to 33, inclusive; Muskingum River, Ohio; Little Kanawha River, W. Va. Kanawha River, W. Va., Big Sandy River, W. Va., and Ky., including Levisa and Tug Forks. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Construction of locks and 14. Sutton Reservoir, Ohio River dams, Ohio River ....... 907 Basin, W. Va_ 926 2. Ohio River open channel 15. Huntington, Ohio River work_ 907 Basin, W. Va .......... 927 3. Muskingum River, Ohio .... 908 16. Dewey Reservoir, Ohio River 4. Kanawha River, W. Va_ 911 Basin Ky__. 929 5. Other authorized navigation 17. Ceredo-Kenova, Ohio River projects_ . 914 Basin, W. Va .......... 930 18. Portsmouth-New Boston, Flood control Ohio River Basin, Ohio _- 931 19. Delaware Reservoir, Ohio 6. Massillon, Ohio River Basin, River Basin, Ohio ....... 932 Ohio 914 20. Maysville, Ohio River Basin, 7. Muskingum River Reser- Ky_ 933 voirs, Ohio_ 916 21. Ohio River Basin, Hunting- 8. Newark, Ohio River Basin, ton District___ ... 935 Ohio 919 22. Other authorized flood con- 9. Dillon Reservoir, Ohio River trol projects_ . 938 Basin, Ohio________ 920 23. Inspeotion of completed flood 10. Roseville, Ohio River Basin, control works__-- 939 Ohio - -.. 921 24. Flood control work under 11. Parkersburg, Ohio River special authorization ... 940 Basin, W. Va 922 12. Tom Jenkins Reservoir, Ohio General Investigations River Basin, Ohio-_ - 922 25. Examinations and surveys _ 941 13. Bluestone Reservoir, Ohio 26. Collection and study of basic River Basin, W. Va__ 924 data.-- - - -_-------- 941 1. CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS, OHIO RIVER For report on this improvement, see page 819. 2. OHIO RIVER OPEN CHANNEL WORK For report on this improvement, see page 826. 907 908 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 3. MUSKINGUM RIVER, OHIO Location. The Muskingum River, 112.45 miles in length, and lying entirely in the State of Ohio, is formed by the junction of the Wal- honding and Tuscarawas Rivers at Coshocton, Ohio, flows in a south- erly direction and empties into the Ohio River at Marietta, Ohio, 172.2 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. This authorized the taking over, restoration, maintenance, and operation of the State works and plant to provide slack-water navigation between lock 1, at Marietta, Ohio, and Dres- den, Ohio, a distance of 92.85 miles. Navigation is afforded by 11 locks and dams and 4 short lateral canals. The maximum depth which it is now possible to maintain without extensive improvement is 4.5 feet, although in certain portions 5.5 feet is available. Above the site of the old lock 11 the minimum depth actually maintained is ,2 feet. The navigable depth between lock 1 and the mouth, a distance of 0.25 mile, is provided by dam 18, Ohio River; and by dredging. The original estimate of cost of restoring the dams taken over from the State of Ohio was $200,000. To this was added later the construc- tion of a new lock and dam 11, at a cost of about $143,000, the repair and extension of a levee at dam 10, and some minor work, the net total expended from specific appropriations having been $301,912. The construction of a new lock 1 was done in connection with the con- struction of an ice harbor as part of the Ohio River improvement and was not a part of this project. Operating and care of the locks and dams were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. An index map of Muskingum River is printed in House Docu- ment 251, 78th Congress, 1st session. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5,1886 For taking over from the State of Ohio the locks and H. Ex. Doc. 48, 49th Cong., 1st dams then in existence (1 to 10) and the restoration sess. (Annual Report, 1886, p. of these works by the United States. 1551). Mar. 8,1905 Construction of lock and dam 11 and the extension of H. Doec. 241, 58th Cong., 2d sess. the levee at lock 10 and for other work of minor importance. June,26, 19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. ' Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. The following table gives the characteristics of the locks and dams: Muskingum River H H 1 Marietta ............ 0.25 55. 8 179 7.58 11.56 4.292 Piles in sand and gravel_ Sand and gravel......... Rock-filled timber crib _ 1890 3 $327, 500 2 Devols_...........__ 5.79 35. 8 160 6.00 5.56 10.76 Rock .. ...... ..... Rock__- -....do----- - .-.-- 1840 91, 000 00 3 Lowell 4__________. 13.60 35. 8 160 7.07 5. 91 14.19 Piles in gravel ........ .....do_ .....---- ...... ....do 1840 160, 000 0 4 Beverly 4_________...... 24.60 35. 2 160 6.00 5. 61 9.32 Gravel.---------- . Rock and gravel ...... -.- do .--------- - -- 1840 122, 000 5 Luke Chute_..... 34. 12 35.8 160 6.00 5.66 10.76 Rock ...... _--d o .................. do---- - - 1840 91, 000 6 Stockport ....... __ 40.17 35. 8 160 6.00 5.20 12. 33 .....do ...... ... ... . R ock .... .... .... ... do ......-- ...--.-- 1840 88, 000 7 McConnellsville 4___ 49.40 35. 8 160 6.01 5. 43 10.10 .....do _-- .. . .. .. Rock and gravel ...... . -- do- 1840 127, 000 8 Rokeby lock-_ ... 57. 45 35. 9 160 8.00 5. 55 10.96 Piles and grillage .____ Piles in sand and gravel_. .. . do .......... .. .. 1840 90,000 9 Philo__............ 68.56 35.8 160 8.00 5. 22 11.01 Rock ._-- Rock. ------....... ....do - - - - - __-- 1891 86,000 10 Zonesville 6...... 4 76. 60 35.4 156. 5 158.605 S6.30 7.09 12. 30 } 15.43 Rock and gravel ....-. Soft rock__ -- --- .....do__-- --- ---- -- 1840 127, 000 H H 11 Ellis ........... 85.92 :36.0 160 { 8. 96 4.96 } 6.67 11.757 }Piles in sand and gravel-- 7. 758 (9) I _......------__ Concrete _._._ 1910 10 143, 285 H 1 Cost to the United States, $301,912, exclusive of cost of lock and dam 1, which was 8 Double lock; flight of 2 tandem. constructed under the Ohio River project. 7 Dam equipped with Boule movable-crest gates, 4 feet high. 2 Normal lift above normal pool of dam 18, Ohio River. Lock 1 has intermediate gate; 8 Crest of fixed part. only lower chamber usable. 0 150 feet of dam adjacent to lock on piles in sand and gravel. Remainder of dam, 3 Replaced an older lock on opposite side of river, including pier and abutment, on rocks. 4 Lateral canal between dam and lock. 10oReplaced an older lock and dam located 2.6 miles farther upstream. 5 Replaced an older lock constructed in 1840 at lower end of lateral canal, which was also abandoned. H w0 910 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. One yard for unloading sand and gravel is situated at mile 0.2. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and mainte- nance, general: An agreement, whereby the expense of operating lock 1 on an intermittent basis subsequent to June 30, 1954, shall be borne by the Marietta Boat Club, Inc., on the basis of the actual cost to the United States, was approved July 14, 1954. In addition to expendi- tures in connection with the above agreement, obligations outstand- ing on June 30, 1954, were liquidated. The cost of maintenance dur- ing the fiscal year was $243. In addition, $160 was expended from contributed funds for operation of lock 1 on an intermittent basis. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1910. The locks and dams are in fair to poor condition. General commercial navigation on the waterway has declined to the extent that Federal expenditures for continued operation of this waterway is no longer justified. Accordingly, operations at locks 2 to 11, inclusive, were discontinued as of midnight June 30, 1952, while operations at lock 1 were discontinued as of midnight June 30, 1954, and all locks placed in a standby status. Under the terms of an agreement, the Marietta Boat Club, Inc., will contribute funds for the operation of lock 1, for its benefit, on an intermittent basis subsequent to June 30, 1954. Lock and dam 10 is being operated and maintained by the city of Zanesville in connection with utilizing the waters of the river as a source of water supply. The channel is not being maintained. For details of locks and dams, see table under paragraph "Existing proj- ect." The total Federal cost under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $2,478,453, of which $301,912 was for new work, and $2,176,541 was for maintenance. In addition, the sum of $3,995,- 356 was expended between April 7, 1887, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Also, in addition, the respective amounts of $5,663 and $160 for operation and care were expended from contributed funds to apply on the recon- struction of dam 10 and the intermittent operation of lock 1, subse- quent to June 30, 1954, for the benefit of the Marietta Boat Club, Inc. Cost and ftnancia summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June -30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--.... ------------ ------------ ------------ ............----------------------- .... $301, 912 Cost ....-------------------- ------------------------------------------------ 301, 912 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ $271, 100 -$157,818 $275, 500 $9, 300 -$3, 471 6, 171, 897 Cost-----------------................ 100,012 69, 037 280, 862 8, 856 243 6, 171, 897 I In addition, the respective amounts of $5,663 and $160 for maintenance were expended from contributed funds to apply on the reconstruction of dam 10 and the intermittent operation of lock 1, subsequent to June 30, 1954, for the benefit of the Marietta Boat Club, Inc. RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 911 4. KANAWHA RIVER, W. VA. Location. This river, 97 miles in length, is formed by the junc- tion of the New and Gauley Rivers, a short distance above Kanawha Falls, W. Va., flows in a general northwesterly direction, and empties into the Ohio River at Point Pleasant, W. Va. Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1873, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1875 (Annual Report for 1875, pt. 2, pp. 90-98). For further details see page 1913, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1309, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project provides for 3 dams on the Kanawha River, with twin locks having usable dimensions of 56 by 360 feet, and 1 dam on the Ohio River near Gallipolis, Ohio, with 1 lock 110 by 600 feet and 1 lock 110 by 360 feet, to furnish a 9-foot inavigable depth from the mouth to a point 90.57 miles above. The cost for new work for the existing project as completed was $22,872,770. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $406,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Replacement of old locks and dams 2 to 5, inclusive, H. Doc. 190, 70th Cong., 1st sess. by construction of 2 new dams and dredging. June 26, 1934 1 Operating and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 5 Aug. 30, 1935 2 Replacement of old locks and dams 6 to 11, inclusive, H. Doc. 31, 73d Cong., 1st sess. by construction of 1 new dam on the Kanawha River and 1 new dam on the Ohio River below mouth of the Kanawha River, and pertinent work. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. 3 Contains latest published maps. The following table gives the characteristics of the locks and dams: 363037-55-vol. 2-58 Kanawha River Location Lock dimen- Available depth sions over miter sills at normal pool levels Great- Lift at est normal O Year Cost of Lock Dis- avail- pool Character of Kind of dam Type of construction of com- locks and tance able levels foundation of dam pletion dams 1 Nearest town above length (feet) Upper Lower O mouth of (feet) (fe (miles) cham- (feet) (feet) 0 ber (feet) H London 2__ London, W. Va ____.__ 82. 76 360 4 56 24 18 12 Rock ._____..... Roller gates..... Concrete movable crest__ 1934 $3, 269, 828 cIn Marmet 2 -__ Marmet (Belle), W. Va.... 67.75 360 4 56 24 18 12 __..do _______ ______...do-- .. do ... _-----. .. 1934 3, 565, 947 Winfield 2__ Winfield (Red House), 31.12 360 456 28 18 12 ..... ddo .- ---..... do ........... do . - . 1937 6,340, 076 W. Va. 0 Gallipolis__ Gallipolis, Ohio-----------........... (3) 3660 110 26 18 12 _ do--------do-- - do1937 9,696,919 z O O I Includescost of flowage easements. 3 14 miles below Point Pleasant, W. Va., on the Ohio River. 2 Hydroelectric plant, licensed by Federal Power Commission, at this site. 4 Two locks each, 56 feet by 360 feet. It' cn Co C RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 913 Local cooperation. Under license 1175, issued by the Federal Power Commission, the Kanawha Valley Power Co. has constructed hydro- electric plants at London and Marmet locks and dams, a license fee of $32,000 per annum having been fixed for each site. The Kanawha Valley Power Co. has also constructed a hydroelectric plant at Win- field locks and dam, under license 1290, a license fee of $40,000 per :annum having been fixed. Terminal facilities. The public terminal facilities consist of a paved landing at Charleston, W. Va. Numerous coal tiples, owned by private interests, exist, available for use only to the owners for loading into barges the coal mined by them. Other privately owned facilities are as follows: Two coal unloading terminals at Belle, 1 at Glasgow, and 1 at Cabin Creek; 11 gasoline and oil unloading stations at Boomer, Cabin Creek, Charleston, North Charleston, South Carleston, and St. Albans; 2 docks at Nitro for handling acid; 2 docks at South Charleston and 1 at Nitro for unloading sulphur; 9 terminals at Belle, North Charleston, South Charleston, and Institute for handling chem- icals; a terminal at Alloy generally used for unloading coke and load- ing slag; 1 dock each at Riverside and Sattes for handling scrap metal; and a sand and gravel unloading terminal at Charleston. The ter- minal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and mainte- nance, general: The locks and dams were operated as required, and necessary repairs and improvements were made thereto, and to the appurtenant structures and grounds. Channel inspections were con- ducted periodically. The cost of maintenance during the fiscal year was $398,043. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in 1931 and completed in 1937. At the end of fiscal year 1954, all flowage easements required had been procured, final records and reports had been prepared, and the existing project was complete in all respects. All structures are in operation and available depth for navigation is 9 feet from the mouth of the river to the head of the improvement. Above the improved portion of the river, the minimum depth in the channel is less than 1 foot. For details of the locks and dams, see table under paragraph ''existing project." The total cost, all funds, to the end of the fiscal year for the existing project was as follows: Class of work Regular Public Works Emergency Total funds funds Relief funds New work---......---..---..--- ----------------- $9, 369, 334 $9, 004,800 $4, 498,636 $22, 872,770 'Operation and maintenance, general.....---..... 4897, 668 ....... . .. ... 4,897, 668 ------------------------------ Total.......... 14, 267, 002 9,004,800 4,498, 636 27, 770, 438 In addition, surplus property valued at $4,546 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. In addition, the sum of $5,159,879 was expended between July 1884, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the work of improve- ment under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 914 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated---.....---. -$80, 000 ------------- $10, 900 ----------------------- $27, 167, 382 Cost_-- ------ __. -- 5, 490 $3, 399 343 $152 .._ 2 27, 167, 382 Maintenance: Appropriated...... __ _ 293, 400 285, 500 320, 314 461, 100 $363, 400 10, 055, 833 Cost_ .----------- - 303, 797 288, 117 309, 246 463, 004 398, 043 4 10, 057, 547 1 Includes $4,294,612 for new work and $3,883,513 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $4,498,636 Emergency Relief funds and $9,004,800 Public Works funds. a In addition, surplus property valued at $4,546 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 4 Cost of $1,714 in excess of amount appropriated are due to retroactive pay increase in fiscal year 1955. 5. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Estiamount Name of project see Annual Operation required to ReportOperation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Big Sandy River, W. Va. and Ky., including Levisa and Tug Forks ....--- .------- - 1952 $1, 586, 236 1$1,471,299 (2) 2. Elk River, W. Va--- ------------------ 1903 30,259 14 .1-__.-_-.- (3) 3. Gauley River, W. Va-- 1903 ...........---............-- 14,761 ... .---- -(4) 4. Guyandot River, W. Va-__------......... 1915 27, 500 --- (5) 5. Little Kanawha River, W. Va--.... ..--.- _ - 1952 470, 536 891, 354 (6) 6. New River, Va. and W. Va ...... ..-.-.- 1899 109, 691 ---- ___ (5) 7. Soioto River at Portsmouth, Ohio-............. 1953 10, 951 16, 593 7$129, 049 1 In addition, funds in the amount of $43,907 were contributed by local interests for maintenance of Lock No. 1 during fiscal years 1953-1955, incl. 2 Operation and maintenance of the project except lock 1 suspended June 30, 1951. Dam 1, Big Sandy River being operated for high water navigation, the costs being reimbursed by local interests. 8Work closed September 1902. Property transferred to Kanawha River improvements. 4 Work closed September 1902. Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 5Work suspended. 6 Operation and maintenance suspended June 30, 1951. 7 Latest cost estimate revision 1954. Monetary limitation of authorizing act is $75,000. 6. MASSILLON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. Massillon, Ohio, is located in Stark County, on the Tus- carawas River, 200 miles above the mouth of the Muskingum River. Existing project. The project providing for improvement of the channel of the Tuscarawas River, together with the construction of drainage facilities, levees and pump stations, consists of the follow- ing features: 12,800 linear feet of channel rectification and improve- ments; 4,300 feet of new channel; 2 reinforced concrete pressure conduits with a total length of 4,300 feet; 15,900 feet of earth levee; 200 feet of concrete wall; 4 pump stations; and 3 gate openings. The project necessitated the relocation of 6 miles of railroad; the construc- tion of 5 railroad bridges, railroad terminal facilities, 1 highway bridge, and 2 highway viaducts; the removal of 3 railroad bridges, 1 highway bridge and 10,550 feet of railroad track; and the raising of 1 highway bridge. The project provides protection (with 3-foot freeboard) against a flood with peak discharge 20 percent greater than maximum of record. The existing project was selected for con- struction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin, FLOOD CONTROr--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 915 contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $8,618,000, which includes a contribution of $478,000, by local interests, for additional construction and alterations beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in connection with the land acquisition program was continued and con- sisted of assisting the Department of Justice in condemnation pro- .ceedings involving the acquisition of third party interests in certain railroad lands; and initiation of work in connection with the out- conveyance program, one outconveyance being completed. Operation and maintenance, general: Routine inspections of the improved'channel were conducted and remedial work was performed as required to maintain the channel in a satisfactory condition. The total cost was $2,695, of which $1,048 was for new work and $1,647 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, construction of which was initiated in July 1940 and suspended during the war years, was completed for beneficial use in October 1951. The drainage structures and appurtenances including pressure conduits, gate openings, and pump stations have been turned over to the city for maintenance and operation. The improved channels and levees, maintained by the United States, are in good condition. Work remaining to complete the project consists of acquiring one tract of land from the Ohio Water Service Co., the acquisition of which is covered in a relocation agreement, and involves the conveyance of certain waterline easements to the company over Government lands; and the conveyance of necessary lands and easements to three railroads, utility companies, and the city of Massillon covering their relocated facilities. The entire project is about 99 percent complete. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $8,143,625, of which $8,133,686 was for new work and $9,939 was for maintenance. In addition, $477,813 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ....---------. $624, 800 $27, 000 -$52, 600 ------ _____---- _________ $8, 139, 473 Cost.... ........---------------.1, 233, 967 369, 328 16, 637 $5, 772 $1,048 8, 133, 686 Maintenance: Appropriated.__....-- _---------5, 000 5, 000 -300 300 10, 000 Cost..._ 446 227 7, 619 1, 647 9, 939 1 In addition, $477,813 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------_ $3, 687 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956....------------- --- - 3, 687 916 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 7. MUSKINGUM RIVER RESERVOIRS, OHIO Location. The Muskingum River lies in southeastern Ohio and, with its tributaries, drains approximately 8,000 square miles. Its headwaters rise about 25 miles south of Lake Erie and it flows into the Ohio River at Marietta, Ohio, 172.2 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. This project provides for the construction, oper- ation, and maintenance of 14 reservoirs and appurtenant works in the Muskingum River Basin. It was originally authorized by the Public Works Administration February 20, 1934, to include 15 res- ervoirs as set forth in an official plan prepared by the Corps of Engineers and adopted by the Muskingum watershed conservancy district of Ohio, the sponsoring agency. Subsequent amendments to the official plan provided, among other things, for the elimina- tion, of one reservoir and the inclusion and later elimination of a project for channel improvement of the Tuscarawas River at Mas- sillon, Ohio. Allotments totaling $27,190,000 were made from De- cember 1933 to July 1937 by the Public Works Administration to aid in financing construction of this project. The project was oper- ated and maintained by the conservancy district from July 1938 to August 1939 when it was taken over by the Corps of Engineers for maintenance and operation in accordance with the provisions of the Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, authorized and directed the Secretary of War to reimburse the conservancy dis- trict a sum not to exceed the actual expenditures made by it in acquiring lands, easements, and rights-of-way for reservoirs in the Muskingum River Valley, such reimbursements not to exceed $4,500,000, nor include any expenditures for lands, easements, and rights-of-way heretofore or hereafter purchased from said district by the United States. The first allotment under this authorization was made June 29, 1939, from the War Department Appropriation Act of June 28, 1939. The Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939, contained the provisions that the Muskingum River reservoirs be included in the flood control plan for the Ohio River Basin authorized in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938; that section 2 of the latter act apply to those reservoirs; and that the conservancy district be re- lieved of any obligation to maintain and operate the dams. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized such channel rectification works or other measures at or below the Mus- kingum River reservoirs as in the discretion of the Chief of Engi- neers and the Secretary of War may be found necessary to provide for the most efficient operation of those reservoirs, at an estimated cost of $2,200,000. The estimate of cost for new work (1955), excluding the cost to the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District, is $41,100,000, of which $18,601,900 is for construction, and $22,498,100 is for lands and damages. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $238,000. For further details see Annual Report for 1946, page 1734. The following table gives thep rincipal features of the 14 reservoirs: Muskingum River Reservoirs Reservoir Estimated cost Elevations, mean 12 Location of dam sea level Capacity 0 No. Name of reservoir Stream (nearest town, all in Ohio) Drain- age area Construc- Lands and Tota1 O 0 O (square Conser- Flood Water tion damages miles) Spill- vation control conser- Total way vation pool control (acre-feet) vation vation (acre-feet) (acre-feet) way (acre-feet) 0 1 Atwood...----------......... Indian Fork__---- -...... New Cumberland___ 70 941 928 26,100 23, 600 49, 700 $517, 100 $838, 500 $1,355, 600 2 Beach City-.....--- .. Sugar Creek- __...... Beach City ---.- ___- 300 976. 5 948 70, 000 1, 700 71, 700 1, 331, 600 2, 126, 500 3, 458, 100 3 Bolivar........---------- Sandy Creek----------............ Bolivar-.....-..-- _ 502 962 895 149, 600 0 149, 600 2,884, 100 3, 006, 800 5, 890, 900 4 Charles Mill _.__-.. Black Fork ______..........______ Mifflin....-------------- 216 1, 020 997 80, 600 7, 400 88,000 1, 519, 700 914, 000 2, 433, 700 5 Clendening........ Brushy Fork---------- ... .. Tippecanoe--------- .... 70 910. 5 898 27, 500 26, 500 54, 000 626, 000 473, 100 1,099, 100 6 Dover______________ Tuscarawas River ___.. - Dover--------------............ 31, 397 916 874 202, 000 H 1, 000 203, 000 2,053, 600 5, 726, 000 7, 779, 600 8 Leesville---------......... McGuire Creek - -.....Leesville...----------- 48 977. 5 963 17, 900 19, 500 37, 400 719, 200 220, 300 939, 500 9 10 Mohawk__--------- Mohicanville....... Walhonding River-...... Nellie_- Lake Fork------------ __-____ Mohicanville........ 4 1, 501 269 890 963 799. 2 932 285, 000 102, 000 0 0 285, 000 102, 000 2,620, 200 589, 500 2, 496, 200 679, 900 5, 116, 400 1, 269, 400 z 11 Piedmont-- ........ Stillwater Creek.......- Piedmont...-----------.. 84 924. 6 913 31, 400 33, 600 65, 000 1, 268, 100 575, 500 1, 843, 600 12 Pleasant Hill....... Clear Fork ..-----------......... Perrysville----...._ - 199 1, 065 1, 020 74, 200 13, 500 87, 700 1, 342, 300 737, 700 2, 080, 000 13 Senecaville .....- _ Seneca Fork----------.......... Senecaville ........ 121 842. 5 832. 2 45, 000 43, 500 88, 500 648,100 1, 106, 800 1, 754, 900 14 Tappan__---------- Little Stillwater Creek.. Tappan............. 71 909 899. 3 26, 500 35, 100 61, 600 1, 246, 800 1, 949, 200 3, 196, 000 H 15 Wills Creek-....... Wills Creek_----- - -Conesville-......... - 5 844 779 742 190, 000 6, 000 196, 000 1, 235, 600 1, 647, 600 2, 883, 200 0 Total_----..._ _.__----------- ----------..------ ...---- .-- .--- ____.. _ ___.__ __.. 1, 327,800 211, 400 1, 539, 200 18, 601, 900 22, 498, 10041, 100,000 1 The construction of Freeport Dam (No. 7) was eliminated by the amended official 3 777 square miles net area. plan approved by the Chief of Engineers, May 16, 1935. 4 817 square miles net area. 2 For details of individual dams, see p. 1256, Annual Report 1942. 5 723 square miles net area. C H 918 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies to this project, subject to certain provisions contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939. For further details see Annual Report for 1942, page 1257. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in con- :nection with the acquisition of land was continued and included a study and preparation of a report regarding the conservancy district's claim for reimbursement for interest payment. Operation and maintenance, general: The 14 reservoirs were oper- ated as required to reduce local flooding and necessary repairs were made to the structures and appurtenances. During the high water of February-March 1955, 270,300 acre-feet of flood storage was utilized resulting in reduction in stage of 4.8 feet on the Muskingum River at Dresden, Ohio. The total cost, all from regular funds, was $207,144 of which $5,034 was for new work and $202,110 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in January 1935. With the completion of the Dover Reser- voir in November 1938, all of the 14 flood control dams, included in the project, were completed and in operation. The major items of pres- ently authorized work remaining to be done consist of completing acquisition of flowage easements, and remedial work in the channel downstream from the Charles Mill Dam. The status of the land acquisition program is as follows: Excluding the Charles Mill project, acquisition of all tracts in the 14 reservoirs is complete except the processing through jury trial for a determination of just compensa- tion of a flowage easement over a sand and gravel operation in Mo- hawk Reservoir and the exchange of certain rights in a Government property at Atwood Reservoir for a flowage easement over a private property; acquisition of flowage easements from the Muskingum watershed conservancy district's reservoir lands is complete except for conveyance of a flowage easement over abandoned railroad and utility rights-of-way. Work presently authorized for this project is about 97 percent complete. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: $14,902,343, of which $12,377,289 was for new work, and $2,525,054 was for maintenance. National Industrial Recovery funds: $27,190,000 for new work. The total cost, all funds, was $42,092,343, of which $39,567,289 was for new work and $2,525,054 was for maintenance. In addition, sur- plus property valued at $4,109 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 919 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------....... $250, 000 $472, 000 -$276, 000 ___------------ -$50, 000 1$39, 724, 761 Cost.....----------------- 401 669, 371, 080 944, 732 $43, 647 5,034 139, 567, 289, Maintenance: Appropriated--------...... 154, 800 198, 500 213, 160 194, 800 199, 585 2, 525, 484 Cost ...----------------- 252, 229 238, 588 204, 831 208, 454 202,110 22, 525, 054 1 Includes $27,190,000 National Industrial Recovery Act funds. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $4,109 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- $157, 471 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________________________ ______ 157, 471 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project___________ ________-____ 1, 375, 200 8. NEWARK, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. Newark, Ohio, is located in Licking County at the junc- tion of the North and South Forks of the Licking River, 29 miles above its confluence with the Muskingum River at Zanesville, Ohio. Existing project. This provides for a total of 31,500 linear feet of channel improvements of the Licking River, North and South Forks of Licking River, and Raccoon Creek; 5,450 feet of levee along North and South Forks of Licking River; and pump station and sump for the disposal of interior drainage. The project provides protection for the city of Newark against floods 22 percent greater than that of 1913 (one of the greatest of record) with a 3-foot free- board. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The project was constructed at a Federal cost of $785,880. In addition, the estimated cost to the city of Newark under provisions of section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, was $21,000. The latest (1953) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,500. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: Routine inspections of the improved portion of the channel were conducted and remedial work was performed as required to maintain the channel in a satisfactory condition. The cost during the fiscal year was $138, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, construction of which was initiated in July 1940, was completed for beneficial use in Novem- ber 1941. The pump facilities and levees have been turned over to the city for maintenance and operation. The improved channels, maintained by the United States, are in good condition. The total cost of the existing project, to the end of the fiscal year was $888,964, of which $785,880 was for new work and $103,084, was for maintenance. 920 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------------------------------------------------------------$785,880 Cost--------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 785, 880 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- -$3, 850 $4, 000 $3, 500 -$800 -$800 103, 250 Cost.................. 8, 979 316 3, 855 2, 426 138 103, 084 9. DILLON RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site of the Dillon Reservoir is located on Licking River, Ohio, 5.8 miles above the confluence of the Licking and Muskingum Rivers at Zanesville, Ohio. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a rolled earthfill dam having a maximum height of 118 feet and a total length of 1,350 feet; controlled outlet works discharg- ing through twin conduits located in the right abutment; an uncon- trolled spillway in the left abutment; 2 rolled earthfill dikes which will prevent diversion of water into Wakatomika Creek valley; and 2 rolled earthfill dikes which will prevent diversion of water into the Bartlett Run valley. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 273,800 acre-feet, will control a drainage area of 748 square miles, and necessitates the relocation or reconstruction of 19.5 miles of rail- road track, 12.2 miles of roads, 39.7 miles of powerlines, 34.2 miles of communication lines, and 17.2 miles of pipelines. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the pro- tection of Zanesville, Ohio, and the Muskingum and Ohio River Valleys generally. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $28,800,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Real estate manage- ment activities in connection with leasing land acquired for the project were conducted. A minor amount of work in connection with prep- aration of plans for the remaining phases of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad relocation was accomplished. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $4,361. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in July 1946 when relocation of the Baltimore & Ohio Rail- road in the reservoir area was commenced. This phase of the project has been brought to about 77 percent completion. Construction of Nashport Dike, together with relocation of affected highway and utility facilities, is complete. Relocation agreements have been en- tered into with the 18 owners having facilities affected by the Balti- more & Ohio Railroad relocation. Of the estimated 800 tracts of land required for the project, 131 tracts have been acquired. The entire project is about 30 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $8,823,963. FLOOD CONTROL---HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 921 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... $926, 200 $100, 000 $112, 000 . - -- $364, 500 $8, 825, 300 Cost___ . . 1,191, 423 720, 025 17, 580 $36, 510 4,361 8, 823, 963 1Includes $2,611 undistributed tools and equipment cost June 30, 1953. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $538 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------ 538 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-------------------------------- 19, 974, 700 10. ROSEVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The project is located at Roseville in Muskingum and Perry Counties, Ohio, on Moxahala Creek about 6 miles upstream from its confluence with Jonathan Creek of the Muskingum River. Existing project. The project provides for complete protection of Roseville by channel rectification and levee construction. The work involves the improvement of 7,291 feet of the channel of Moxa- hala Creek, construction of about 5,370 feet of levee along the left bank of Moxahala Creek, construction of 1 pump station and inter- cepting sewer, relocation of 1 railroad bridge, alteration of 2 highway bridges, and necessary utility changes. The project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin, contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1955) is $1,070,000, the estimated non-Federal cost is $59,000. Local cooperation. Local interests have furnished assurance of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work was completed in connection with preparation of detailed plans and specifications for construction of the project. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $464. Condition at end of fiscal year. Detailed plans and specifications for construction of the project are complete and have been reviewed preparatory to securing final approval. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $73,910. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated..... ------------ $4,363 $24,400 - -$627 $73, 910 Cost.................. $1, 213 1,407 22, 268 $1, 041 464 73, 910 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_-- -$996, 100 922 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 11. PARKERSBURG, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The project is within the confines of the city of Parkers- burg, W. Va., located on the left bank of the Ohio River, 184 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. This consists of about 9,600 feet of earth levees and 10,400 feet of concrete walls extending along the Ohio and Little Kanawha Rivers; 6 electrically operated pump stations for the dis- posal of interior drainage; appurtenant drainage structures; and 14 gate openings. The project provides protection for the city of Park- ersburg against floods of 1913 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin, contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The project was constructed at a Federal cost of $6,568,922. The estimated cost to the city of Parkersburg for lands and damages was $300,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Emergency controls on outlets through levees and walls were constructed by contract. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $52,458. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in March 1946. The work initially contemplated was com- pleted in May 1950, at which time the project was turned over to the city of Parkersburg for maintenance and operation. As a result of studies made subsequent to the date the project was turned over to the city, emergency controls on outlets through walls and levees were con- structed, being completed during the current fiscal year. The costs: for new work to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: $6,565,777. Emergency Relief funds: $3,145. The total costs were $6,568,922. In addition, surplus property valued at $2,562 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.........------------ -$1, 500 -$3, 130 $79, 570 -$24, 963 1 $6, 568, 922 Cost-- ....- $20,159 912 3,272 2, 149 52, 458 1 6, 568,922 1Includes $3,145 Emergency Relief funds. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $2,562 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 12. TOM JENKINS RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site of the Tom Jenkins Reservoir is located on East Branch of Sunday Creek, a tributary of Hocking River, Ohio, about 3 miles north of the village of Glouster and 57.2 miles above the mouth of Hocking River. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled earthfill dam hav- ing a maximum height of 84 feet and a total length of 944 feet; con- trolled outlet works discharging through a tunnel located in the left FLOOD CONTROL---UNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 923 abutment; and an uncontrolled spillway in the ridge running south from the dam site. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 17,600 acre-feet for flood control and 9,300 acre-feet for conservation and water supply for a total of 26,900 acre-feet, controls 32.8 square miles of the drainage area of East Branch, and necessitated the reloca- tion of 0.5 mile of county roads and 0.7 mile of pipeline. The reservoir affords substantial protection to the Sunday Creek Valley and serves as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Hocking River and Ohio River Valleys. The reservoir also provides an assured source of water supply to villages, industries, and coal mine operations in the Sunday Creek Valley. The existing project was authorized under the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $2,875,000, of which $2,090,000 represents Federal cost and $785,000 represents cost to local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. Local cooperation. Local or State interests are required to furnish funds for the project equal to the difference between the total estimated first cost and the capitalized flood control benefits. House bill 496 passed by the Ohio State Legislature appropriated funds to cover local and State obligations relative to the project. By agreement entered into January 22, 1948, between the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, and the Division of Conservation and Natural Re- sources, Department of Agriculture, State of Ohio, the State contrib- uted $495,000 to be applied toward the cost of construction of the proj- ect, and retained $290,000 of the total amount to be contributed, for acquisition of lands and interests in land being acquired by the State in the reservoir area. However, the State was unable to acquire cer- tain reservoir lands and requested the United States to acquire such lands. The State has contributed $80,000 additional to the United States for the purchase of these lands. The agreement provides fur- ther that, subject to appropriations made by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, the State will contribute to the Government an- nually the sum of $1,500 as the pro rata share chargeable to the State covering the annual cost of operating the project insofar as water supply features are concerned. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in connection with the acquisition of land was continued and consisted of assisting the Department of Justice in negotiating for stipulations covering tracts acquired by condemnation. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated to reduce local flooding as required and necessary repairs were made to the structures and appurtenances. During the high water of February-March 1955, 5,480 acre-feet of flood storage was utilized, resulting in reductions in stage of 1.9 feet on Sunday Creek at Glouster, Ohio, and 0.3 foot on Hocking River at Athens, Ohio. The total cost from Federal funds was $14,686, of which $940 was for new work and $13,746 was for maintenance. In addition, expenditures for new work from contributed funds amounted to minus $1,175. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reser- voir is in operation, affording substantial protection to the Sunday 924 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Creek Valley as well as serving as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Hocking River and Ohio River Val- leys. The reservoir also provides an assured source of water supply to villages, industries, and coal mine operations in the Sunday Creek Valley. Construction of the dam was started in March 1948 and com- pleted in February 1950. The project is complete in all respects except for land acquisition work consisting of assisting the Depart- ment of Justice in processing through trial 11 mineral cases. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year from Federal funds was $2,179,670, of which $2,078,263 was for new work and $101,407 was for maintenance. In addition, $570,169 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-.---.------------- ----------- -$6, 800 --- $---------..--.-.. $2, 084, 200 Cost...........-----------------..... $88, 305 $48, 909 31, 940 -$4, 597 $940 2,078,263 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- 16, 400 17, 400 21, 800 21,262 12, 600 101,962 Cost------------------ 17, 056 16, 909 19, 556 26, 648 13, 746 101,407 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ $5, 937 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------- 5, 800 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 11, 737 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated......... -------- $25, 000 $55, 000 - -$575,000 Cost.--------------------------- 59, 206 ------------ 14,028 -$1,175 570,169 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_------------- $4, 831 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ ------------------------------------------ 4, 831 13. BLUESTONE RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. On New River, W. Va. and Va., about 2.5 miles above Hinton, W. Va., and 1 mile above the confluence of the New and Greenbrier Rivers. Existing project. The project provides for a concrete gravity dam having a maximum height of 180 feet and an overall length of 2,048 FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 925 feet, consisting of 790 feet of spillway section, 330 feet of powerhouse intake structure, and 928 feet of nonoverflow sections and abutments. The reservoir created, extending approximately 36 miles upstream from the dam and providing for the gross storage of 631,000 acre-feet, is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the New, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys generally. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $28,900,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $88,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts ap- proved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. Prior to the foregoing authorizations, under provisions of Executive Order No. 7183A, Sep- tember 12, 1935 (which authorized the construction of a reservoir dam on New River for the reduction of flood heights in the Kanawha and Ohio Valleys, and for the development of power), surveys, founda- tion explorations, clearing of reservoir area, design of dam, and the acquisitioni of land were undertaken. The sum of $543,960 from Emergency Relief funds was allotted for initiating this work. For further details, see page 1453 of the Annual Report for 1939. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Construc- tion of radio network for hydrologic data was continued. A minor amount of work in connection with the real estate audit of acquisitions was accomplished. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and to operator's quarters and grounds throughout the year. Facilities for the accommodation and protection of the visiting public were maintained in good condition. During the high water of February-March 1955, 286,300 acre-feet of flood storage was utilized, resulting in reductions in stage of 3.0 feet on New River at Hinton, W. Va., and 3.9 feet on Kanawha River at Kanawha Falls, W. Va. The total cost was $81,272, of which $9,854 was for new work and $71,418 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the res- ervoir is in operation as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the New, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys, generally. Construction of the dam, initiated in January 1942, was suspended during the war years and completed in April 1952 upon completion of the installation of crest gates and hoists. Construction of a radio network for hydrologic data was in progress and well advanced at the end of the year. Upon conclusion of this item and other minor items of work, the project will be complete in all respects. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $29,303,429, of which $28,888,478 was for new work, and $414,951 was for maintenance. In addition, sur- plus property valued at $26,839 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. '926 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-----......... -$318, 700 ------------ -$56, 000 ---.--------------- '$28, 1 890, 260 Cost...----------- ----. 1,616, 370 $1,317,826 93, 396 $91,134 $9, 854 12 28, 888, 478 Maintenance: Appropriated---------........ 58, 600 88, 600 60, 833 70, 600 67, 500 414, 833 Cost_----------------- 74, 859 70, 872 76, 963 67, 852 71, 418 8 414, 951 1 Includes $543,960 Emergency Relief funds. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $26,839 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. s Costs of $118 in excess of amount appropriated are due to retroactive pay increase in fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------------- $102 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----- 9, 700 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------------- 9, 802 14. SUTTON RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The dam site of the Sutton Reservoir is located on Elk River, W. Va., 1 mile above the town of Sutton, W. Va., and approxi- mately 101 miles above the mouth of Elk River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a concrete gravity dam having a maximum height of 237 feet; and an overall length of 1,208 feet, consisting of 280 feet of spillway section and 928 feet of nonoverflow sections and abut- ments. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 265,300 acre-feet, will control a drainage area of 537 square miles, and neces- sitates the relocation of 8.6 miles of railroad tracks, 9.7 miles of roads, and miscellaneous public utility service lines. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protec- tion of the Elk, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys generally. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $34,200,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Studies and prepara- tion of plans for the remaining phases of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad relocation and construction of the dam were continued. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $18,616. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in October 1949, when contract work was begun on sealing an abandoned coal mine at the dam site. This phase of the project has been completed. Other construction work completed consists of section 1 (grading) of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad relocation. Of the estimated 523 tracts of land required for the project, 98 tracts have been acquired. The entire project is about 5 percent complete. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $1,747,824. FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 927 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--- ------............----------- ... -$94, 600 ------------ ....------------ ------------ $1, 861, 400 Cost------------------ $696, 058 $257, 183 79, 077 1$112, 984 $18,616 1, 747, 824 1 Includes $13,229 undistributed tools and equipment and suboffice costs June 30, 1953. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ - - - $29, 282 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 1, 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________------------------------------------------ 1,329, 282 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------------------------- 31, 038, 600 15. HUNTINGTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The work covered by this project is within the confines of the city of Huntington, W. Va., on the left bank of the Ohio River, from mile 304.25 to 313.12 below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. Section I: This part of the project consists of about 19,400 feet of earth levee and 2,200 feet of concrete wall extend- ing along the Ohio River and landward to high ground at the west- ern extremity of the project; 6 electrically operated pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; appurtenant drainage struc- tures; and 6 gate openings. Protection is provided for the west end of Huntington against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of rec- ord) with a 3-foot freeboard. This section of the existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. This section of the project was constructed at a Federal cost of $2,327,700. The estimated cost to the city of Huntington for lands and damages was $655,000. Section II: This part of the project consists of about 172900 feet of concrete wall extending along the Guyandot and Ohio Rivers; 24 gate openings and storage houses; 7 pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; and a continuous toe drain adjacent to the land- ward side of the base of the wall. Protection is provided for the business section of Huntington against floods of 1937 magnitude (max- imum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. This section of the existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. The estimated Federal cost of this section of the project (1955) is $2,602,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $412,000. Section III: This part of the project consists of about 16,800 feet of concrete walls and 4,600 feet of earth levees extending along the Guyandot and Ohio Rivers and landward to high ground at the east- ern extremity of the project; 4 electrically operated pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; appurtenant drainage struc- 363037-55-vol. 2--59 928 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tures; and 15 gate openings. Protection is provided for the east end of Huntington against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of rec- ord) with a 3-foot freeboard. This section of the existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. This section of the project was constructed at a total cost of $2,129,427, of which $2,127,127 was Federal cost and $2,300 was contributed by local interests. The estimated cost to the city of Huntington for the lands and damages was $440,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Section II:. Plans and specifications for remedial work in the vicinity of 16th Street were prepared and a contract for accomplishing the work was awarded. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $10,726. Condition at end of fiscal year. Section 1: Construction of this section' was initiated in May 1940 and completed in December 1942. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Regular funds: $2,325,200. Emergency Relief funds: $2,500. The total cost, all funds, was $2,327,700. Section II: Construction of this section was initiated in August 1938. The work initially contemplated was completed in May 1940. Subsequent to the date the project was turned over to the city, reme- dial works, involving the railroad embankment at the point where the upstream end of the barrier ties into high ground, were constructed. A contract for additional remedial work in the vicinity of 16th Street was awarded just prior to the end of the fiscal year. The costs for new work to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: $2,489,991. Emergency Relief funds: $64,000. The total cost, all funds, was $2,553,991. Section III: Construction of this section was initiated in July 1941 and completed in December 1947. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Regular funds: $2,124,627. Emergency Relief funds: $2,500. The total cost, all funds, was $2,127,127. In addition, $2,300 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated . __ . $6,000 ...-.-.. . . . $58, 000 2$7, 056, 092 Cost----- ........- - . --- -.... 159 $18 $5, 823 10, 726 2 7, 008, 818 1 In addition. $2,300 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Includes $69,000 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__--- $13, 046 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________- - -_________-- - - - 13, 046 FLOOD CONTROL---HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 929 16. DEWEY RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The dam site of the Dewey Reservoir is located on Johns Creek, about 7 miles southeast of Paintsville, Ky., and 5.4 miles above the confluence of Johns Creek and Levisa Fork of Big Sandy River. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled earthfill dam having a maximum height of 118 feet and a total length of 913 feet; controlled outlet works discharging through a tunnel in the left abutment; an uncontrolled spillway discharging through a channel excavated in the left or west abutment; and a rolled earth- fill dike which blocks a low divide to Brandykeg Creek and the Levisa Fork. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 93,300 acre-feet, controls 207 square miles of the drainage area of Johns Creek, and necessitated the relocation or reconstruction of 8.3 miles of roads, 9.7 miles of pipelines, and 5.2 miles of telephone lines. The reservoir is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Levisa Fork, Big Sandy, and Ohio Valleys generally. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $6,347,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Preparation of "as-built" drawings was completed with the exception of reproduc- tion work. Work in connection with settlement of contractor's claim and coordinating construction of State road over Government-owned lands was also conducted during the year. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam, and to the operator's quarters and grounds through- out the year. Facilities for the accommodation and protection of the visiting public were maintained in good condition. During the high water of February-March 1955, 69,200 acre-feet of flood storage was utilized, resulting in reduction in stage of 3.3 feet on Levisa Fork at Paintsville, Ky. The total cost was $51,018, of which $14,453 was for new work and $36,565 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Levisa Fork, Big Sandy, and Ohio Valleys, generally. Construction of the dam was started in March 1946 and completed in July 1949. All construction operations, including the relocation of highway and utility facilities affected by the project are complete. Title to the 407 tracts of land required for the project has been acquired. Land acquisition work is complete except the audit of real estate acquired and the possible retrial of one large mineral acquisition ownership in which the owner requested a new trial. The case is now pending in the United States Circurt Court of Appeals. Upon conclusion of the real estate program and other minor items of 930 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 work the project will be complete in all respects. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $6,547,003, of which $6,340,573 was for new work and $206,430 was for maintenance. In addition, surplus prop- erty valued at $17,200 was transferred to the project without reim- bursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: ........ Appropriated---- $523, 800 ------------ $225, 100 ------------ -$67, 800 $6, 346, 900 Cost ---------------- 315, 063 $78, 970 90, 226 $36, 716 14, 453 1 6.340, 573 Maintenance: Appropriated-..----.. 14, 650 46, 100 33, 907 33, 900 39, 500 209, 457 --------------- Cost__ 38, 294 39, 166 35, 532 37, 536 36, 565 206, 430 I In addition, surplus property valued at $17,200 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--- $6, 255 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------------------- 6, 255 17. CEREDO-KENOVA, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The project is within the confines of the contiguous cities of Ceredo and Kenova, W. Va., on the left bank of the Ohio River, from mile 314.40 to 316.66 below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. This consists of about 12,500 feet of earth levees and 8,900 feet of concrete walls extending along the Ohio and Big Sandy Rivers; 6 electrically operated pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; appurtenant drainage structures; and 29 gate openings. The project provides protection for Ceredo and Kenova against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. The project was con- structed at a Federal cost of $2,600,280. The estimated cost to the cities of Ceredo and Kenova for lands and damages was $265,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Emergency controls on outlets through levees and walls were constructed by contract. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $31,817. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in March 1939. The work initially contemplated was com- pleted in February 1944 at which time the project was turned over to the cities of Ceredo and Kenova for maintenance and operation. As a result of studies made subsequent to the date the project was turned over to local interests, emergency controls on outlets through walls and levees were constructed during the current fiscal year. The costs for new work to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: FLOOD CONTROL---HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 931 Regular funds: $2,587,899. Emergency Relief funds: $12,381. The total costs were $2,600,280. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Appropriated -----------------------------------------------......... $31, 817 1$2, 600, 280 Cost-------------- ---------------------------------------- 31, 817 12,600, 280 1 Includes $12,381 Emergency Relief funds. 18. PORTSMOUTH-NEW BOSTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The project is located at the cities of Portsmouth and New Boston, Ohio, on the right bank of the Ohio River above the mouth of the Scioto River in Scioto County, Ohio. The project extends from mile 350.2 to mile 356.5 below Pittsburgh. Existing project. This consists of about 21,000 feet of earth levees and 21,400 feet of concrete walls extending along the Ohio and Scioto Rivers; 12 electrically operated pump stations; 14 gate open- ings and 2 service openings; 2 traffic ramps; relocation of approx- imately 4,500 feet of the Scioto River channel; and appurtenant drainage structures. The project provides protection for the cities of Portsmouth and New Boston, Ohio, against floods of 1937 mag- nitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authoriza- tion for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1955) is $9,678,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $525,000, which includes $15,150 contributed by local interests toward construction of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Remedial work neces- sitated by a sewer failure in the vicinity of pump station No. 8 was accomplished by contract and hired labor. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $119,953. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in June 1940. The work initially contemplated was com- pleted in May 1950, as which time the project was turned over to the cities of Portsmouth and New Boston for maintenance and operation. Construction work on the propect was suspended during the period 1943-45 due to the war emergency. During fiscal year 1955 remedial work was necessitated by a sewer failure in the vicinity of pump station No. 8. At the end of the year the project was physically complete in all respects, however, financial completion had not been effected. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $9,665,499. In addition, $15,150 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 932 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated_--------------- -$28,000 $6, 500 -$843 $120,000 2 $9, 665, 546 Cost----------------- $36, 605 5, 978 2, 556 23, 577 119, 953 29, 665, 499 1In addition, $15,150 for new work was expended from contributed funds. I Includes $10,089 from Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_-_-_-_-_-_-_ _ $47 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _._ 12, 500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_--------------- ------------------------ 12, 547 19. DELAWARE RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site is located on Olentangy River about 6 miles above and north of Delaware, Ohio, and 32 miles above the confluence of the Olentangy and Scioto Rivers at Columbus, Ohio. The reservoir is located in Delaware, Marion, and Morrow Counties, Ohio. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled earthfill dam having a gate controlled concrete gravity ogee type spillway in the channel containing five outlet conduits. The dam is about 18,600 feet long, having a maximum height of 92 feet. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 132,000 acre-feet from a tributary drainage area of 381 square miles, necessitated the construction of levee protection works, complete with pump stations and drainage structures, for the village of Waldo, Ohio, the relocation or recon- struction of 7.6 miles of roads, 6.5 miles of powerlines, 7 miles of tele- phone lines, and 7.6 miles of pipelines, and the relocation of 4 ceme- teries containing 1,744 graves. The reservoir is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Olentangy, Scioto, and Ohio Valleys generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $7,642,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $37,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Work in con- nection with the acquisition of land was continued and consisted of assisting the Department of Justice in obtaining stipulations covering nine tracts being acquired through condemnation proceedings in the United States district court. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated as required to reduce local flooding and necessary repairs were made to the structures and appurtenances throughout the year. During the high water of February-March 1955, 23,700 acre-feet of flood storage was utilized, resulting in reductions in stage of 0.8 foot on the Olentangy River at Powell, Ohio, and 0.9 foot on the Scioto River at Columbus, Ohio. FLOOD CONTROIr--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 933 The total cost was $32,701, of which $10,434 was for new work and $22,267 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Olentangy, Scioto, and Ohio Valleys gen- erally. Construction of the dam was started in April 1946 and com- pleted in July 1948. All construction operations, including the relocation of highway and utility facilities affected by the project are complete. Title to the 377 land tracts required for the project has been acquired. The project is complete in all respects except for work remaining in connection with the land acquisition program. This consists of assisting the Department of Justice in processing through trial two condemnation cases and making an audit of real estate acquired. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $7,- 798,215, of which $7,622,146 was for new work and $176,069 was for maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $10,176 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-....... -$177, 500 -$70, 000 -$89, 800 ___ $7, 641, 656 Cost ----------------- ..... 489, 835 48, 860 61,099 $49, 681 $10, 434 1 7, 622, 146 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... _ 18, 500 32, 900 32, 300 26, 900 22, 815 178, 915 Cost.............-----------------. 25, 186 29, 612 28, 128 31, 589 22, 267 176, 069 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $10,176 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - -- - $18, 435 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------- -------------- 18, 435 20. MAYSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The work covered by this project is within the con- fines of the city of Maysville, Ky., located on the left bank of the Ohio River, 408 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of about 7,350 feet of concrete walls and 6,850 feet of earth levees extending along Goose Creek and the Ohio River; 5 electrically operated pump stations and necessary appurtenant drainage struc- tures for disposal of interior drainage; 10 gate openings; and 2 ramps for traffic during nonflood periods. The project will provide protection for the city of Maysville against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost (1955) is $6,660,000, the estimated non-Federal cost is $563,700, which includes $38,700 con- tributed by local interests toward construction of the project. 934 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of Lime- stone Creek levee and extension, by contract, was completed. Pump- ing equipment covered by three supply contracts was delivered to the site during the period. Work under contract for construction of sec- tion 4 (final wall and levee section) was initiated and advanced to 37 percent completion. Plans and specifications for pump stations and equipment installation were completed and a construction contract was awarded just prior to the end of the fiscal year. The total cost of new work from Federal funds during the fiscal year was $1,126,479. In addition, $38,689 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in July 1949. The following features of the project are com- plete: Sections 1, 2, and 3, consisting principally of earth levee, con- crete wall, a new creek channel, one culvert and appurtenances; Lime- stone Creek culvert and gatewell; Limestone Creek levee and exten- sion; and delivery of pumping equipment. Construction of section 4 (final wall and levee sections) is in progress and well advanced. A contract for constructing the project's five pump stations and in- stalling pumping equipment has been awarded but construction op- erations have not been initiated. Upon completion of work in prog- ress and under contract construction of the project will be complete. The entire project is about 68 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year from Federal funds was $4,500,275. In addition, $38,689 was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- l ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated --------- $121, 100 $1, 000,000 $995, 000 $1, 000, 000 $800,000 $5, 119, 794 Cost ----------------- 515, 170 388, 012 1, 049, 626 1 957, 834 1, 126, 479 4, 500, 275 1 Includes $2,251 undistributed tools and equipment cost June 30, 1953. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------_ $46, 139 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956... 1, 540, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------- 1, 586, 139 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.......------------------------------------------------.......... $38, 689 $38, 689 ------------------------------------------------ Cost..................-------.......... 38, 689 38, 689 FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 935 21. OHIO RIVER BASIN, HUNTINGTON DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, floodwalls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Huntington, W. Va., district. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, authorized the construction of levees, floodwalls, and drainage structures for the protection of cities and towns in the Ohio River Basin, the projects to be selected by the Chief of Engineers with the approval of the Secretary of War, in accordance with House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, at a cost not to exceed $24,877,000 for construction, which amount was authorized to be appropriated for this purpose. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, approved the gen- eral comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, may be advisable, and for initiation and partial accom- plishment of the plan, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,- 300,000 for local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939, contained the provision that the Muskingum River Valley dams and reservoirs as set forth in the official plan of the Muskingum watershed conservancy district shall be included in the flood control plan of the Ohio River Basin authorized in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. In addition to previous authorizations the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941, authorized the sum of $45,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin, modified to include the Allegheny Reservoir project in accordance with the recommendation of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 300, 76th Con- gress, 1st session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the additional sum of $70,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as modified by the act approved August 18, 1941, for the Ohio River Basin, in- cluding the Burr Oak Reservoir on the Hocking River, Ohio, sub- stantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 762, 77th Congress, 2d session, at an estimated cost of $400,000. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the addi- tional sum of $125,000,000 for the further prosecution of the compre- hensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress including the local flood protection works at Galax, Va., on Chestnut Creek, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 506, 78th Congress, 1st session, at an estimated cost of $276,125. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the addi- tional sum of $100,000,000 for the prosecution of the comprehensive 936 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Huntington district. Local protection projects Estimated cost 2 Location 1 Type of protection Federal Non- Total Federal Aberdeen, Ohio 3 Wall and levee _ - -- $1, 430, 000 $55, 000 $1, 485, 000 Ashland, Ky.3 _-do_ 3, 695, 647 313,000 44, 008, 647 Athalia, Ohio 3 Levee_ _ 630,000 187, 000 817,000 Belpre, Ohio _ 3 _ Wall and levee - ---- 3, 570, 000 448, 000 4,018,000 Brooklyn, W. Va. ......--......... Buena Vista, Ohio 3_________________ -----d o .... _ . do ..... 5, 200, 000 593, 000 226,000 197, 000 5, 426, 000 790, 000 Burlington, Ohio 3____________________ Levee_ _ 146, 000 117, 000 263,000 Catlettsburg, Ky.s 7 - Wall and levee_ 4, 560, 000 300, 000 6 4, 860, 000 Ceredo-Kenova, W. Va. ............ -- do .... 2, 600,280 265,000 4 2, 865, 280 Chambersburg, Ohio - --- _ do . -. - - 1, 600, 000 53, 000 1, 653, 000 Chesapeake, Ohio 3 Levee_ _ 330,000 139, 000 469, 000 Cheshire, Ohio 3. __do_ 419,000 147,000 566,000 Clarington, Ohio3 3 Wall and levee _--- 2, 710,000 249,000 2, 959, 000 Clifton, W. Va. Levee_ _ 230, 000 113, 000 343, 000 Coal Grove, Ohio3 3_____ ________ Wall and levee_ 888, 000 55, 000 943, 000 Friendly, W. Va. -. . . . ___do_ 655, 000 61, 000 716,000 Fullerton, Ky.3______________________ 3 ....d o ...................... 1, 090, 000 178, 000 1, 268, 000 Galax (New River Basin), Va. ..... Channel improvement and 480, 536 185, 000 4 665, 536 levee. Gallipolis, Ohio _____ Wall and levee -- 2, 670, 000 839, 000 3, 509, 000 Greenup, Ky.3 ._.......- . _ dodo- 2, 660, 000 512, 000 3, 172, 000 Hanging Rock, Ohio 3 _______________ Levee - 467,000 155, 000 622,000 Hartford, W. Va. _ Wall and levee- 2, 880,000 222, 000 3, 102, 000 Henderson, W. Va.3_ Levee- 437, 000 188, 000 625,000 Hockingport, Ohio ______________ -- _ _ do - --- 568, 000 242, 000 810, 000 Huntington, W. Va.: 7 Sec. 1 (West end) __ Wall and levee- 2,327, 700 655, 000 4 2, 982, 700 Sec. 2 (business section)7 ......... W all .... - 2, 602,000 412, 000 83, 014, 000 Sec. 3 (Gayandot) 7__________ Wall and levee - 2, 127, 127 8 442, 300 4 2, 569, 427 Ironton, Ohio 33....................... .. ..do__ 2, 543,397 669, 000 43, 212, 397 Letart, W. Va. .... --................ .. ..do -- -- - 938, 000 123,000 1, 061, 000 Letart Falls, Ohio 3 .. ..do__ 992,000 126, 000 1,118, 000 Manchester, Ohio a Levee _---- 1, 330, 000 377, 000 1, 707, 000 Mapleshade, Ohio 3 _______ .....do__ 1,330,000 298,000 1,628, 000 Marietta, Ohio3 3_____________________ Wall and levee ............. 14, 000, 000 822,000 14, 822, 000 M ason, W . Va. ...................... .. ..do - 1,040,000 238, 000 1, 278, 000 Massillon7 (Muskingum River Basin), Channel improvement, wall 8, 140, 000 9 478, 000 6 8, 618, 000 Ohio. 7 and levee. Maysville, Ky. - Wall and levee ............. 6,660,000 to 563, 700 87, 223, 700 Middleport, Ohio _________________ ... ..do ___ 4, 820, 000 376, 000 6 5, 196, 000 Miller, Ohio 3 3 Levee- 519, 000 173, 000 692, 000 Millwood, W. Va. 3 Wall and levee ............. 843,000 134,000 977, 000 New Martinsville, W. Va. _do___ 4,670,000 643,000 5, 313,000 New Matamoras, Ohio 3_____ ________ -- do .........-.-.-. - -.-. 2, 090,000 285, 000 2, 375, 000 Newark (Muskingum River Basin), Channel improvement and 785, 880 21, 000 4 806, 880 Ohio.7 levee. Newport, Ohio 3 3____ Levee . ---- 318, 000 84, 000 402, 000 Normal, Ky. 7 Wall and levee .......-- .-- 648,000 235,000 883, 000 Parkersburg, W. Va. ................. 3 .. ..do__ _ 6,568,922 300,000 4 6, 868, 922 Point Pleasant, W. Va. - - - -do .o 2, 829,297 278, 000 4 3, 107, 297 Pomeroy, Ohio 3 . . . ... .do.. . - 16, 500, 000 346, 000 16, 846, 000 Portland, Ohio 3_____________________ --- do 1, 040,000 104,000 1,144, 000 Portsmouth-New Boston, Ohio 7_.... -..do_ 9, 678,000 11 525, 000 6 10, 203, 000 Powhatan Point, 3 Ohio 3 ------------- _.. do _ .................... 4, 720, 000 334, 000 397, 000 121,000 5,117,000 455, 000 Proctor, W. Va. _ Levee_ Proctorville, Ohio ___________________ Resettlement ---------- 2, 700,000 2, 700, 000 Racine, Ohio 3 Wall and levee ............. 985, 000 120, 000 1,105, 000 3 Ravenswood, W. Va. 3 __ _________ do -- - -- 1, 470,000 106, 000 1, 576, 000 Riverview, W. Va. __________________ Levee_ 881,000 115, 000 996, 000 Roseville 7 (Muskingum River Basin), Channel improvement_ -. 1, 070,000 1259, 000 6 1,129, 000 Ohio. 3 Russell, Ky. ......... Levee (backwater protec- 237, 193 10,000 4 247, 193 a . . . . . . . . . tion). St. Marys, W. Va. _ Wall and levee_ ---- 1, 510, 000 139,000 1,649, 000 See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 937 Local protection projects-Continued Estimated cost 2 Location 1 Type of protection Federal Non- Federal Total Sardis, Ohio ________________ __ Levee -------------------- $285, 000 $60,000 $345, 000 Sciotoville, Ohio _________ _ Wall and levee_------------- 1, 460, 000 377, 000 1, 837, 000 Sistersville, W. Va.....------------------do------------------- 1, 770, 000 269, 000 2, 039, 000 South Point, Ohio ____..__________----- do-------------------- 992, 000 117, 000 1, 109, 000 South Portsmouth, Ky. ---------- Levee --------------------- __ 370, 000 137, 000 507, 000 Syracuse, Ohio a ...-------------------- do ------------------- 1, 220, 000 100, 000 1,320, 000 Vanceburg, Ky_3 __________ - -- -- -- - ____- - - Wall - - - and levee____ ___ -_ 1, 960, 000 568, 000 2, 528, 000 Waverly, W. Va. s do------------------- 3, 480, 000 251, 000 3, 731,000 Williamstown, W. Va. 3 - _------ ----- do------------------- 2, 580, 000 136, 000 2, 716, 000 Woodlands, W. Va. Levee __--------------------- 206, 000 28, 000 234, 000 Zanesville 3 (Muskingum River), Wall and levee ..------------- 8, 110, 000 13, 000, 000 21, 110, 000 Ohio. 1 All projects are located on the Ohio River unless otherwise noted. 2 Latest cost estimate revision 1954 unless otherwise noted. 3 Also see listing of this project under improvement "Other authorized flood control projects". 4 Construction completed. 5See Annual Report for 1950 for individual report. 6 Latest cost estimate revision 1955. 7 For details see individual report. 8 Includes $2,300 of construction funds contributed by local interests. o Construction funds contributed by Massillon conservancy district. 10Includes $38,700 of construction funds contributed by local interests. 11Includes $15,150 of construction funds contributed by local interests. 12 Construction funds to be contributed by local interests. Reservoirs Total estim- Tributary basin and reservoir Stream mated cost Big Sandy: 2 - - Clintwood, 3Va. -________________ - - - - - - Pound River - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -_______ ------------------------- $6, 080, 000 Dewey, Ky.s - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Johns Creek --------------------------- 6, 347, 000 Fishtrap, Ky. 2- - - - ...- - - - - - - - - - - - Levisa Fork-------------------------- 28, 300, 000 Haysi, Va. 2 Russell Fork-------------------------- 10, 100, 000 Guyandot: Mud River, W. Va. MMud River --------------------------- 10, 600, 000 Hocking: Logan, Ohio 2______ _____________ Clear Creek .--------------------------- 4, 230, 000 Tom Jenkins, Ohio 3E______________________ ast Branch of Sunday Creek ... __.._._ 4 5 2, 090, 000 Kanawha: Big Bend, W. 2Va.2__________________ - -- - - _ Greenbrier River-_ _-.-.---____ -___13, 900, 000 Birch, W. Va. __ __ - - -_____ - - - - _________ -- -- -- -- e w RRiver Birch N ive r -....... --------------------------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - - 2 6, 9 0 0 , 000 8 , 450, 000 Bluestone, W. Va. 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .... 4 Moores Ferry, Va.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - New River ....--------------------------- 25, 600, 000 Poca, W. Va. Pocatalico River ----------------------- 21, 600, 000 - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -___ Summersville, 3W. Va______ - - - Gauley River____________________ _ 4 36, 000, 000 Sutton, W. Va. Elk River ---------------------------- 34, 200, 000 Little Kanawha: 2 - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Burnsville, W. Va. 2 Little Kanawha River ------------------- 6, 520, 000 Steer Creek, W. - Va.2 - - - - - .- - - - - ..- - - -- --__Steer Creek--------------------------- 8, 520, 000 West Fork, W. Va. ........................ West Fork_ 6, 640, 000 Muskingum: Dillon, Ohio 3_____________ __________ Licking River _ ------------------------- 28, 800, 000 Frazeysburg, Ohio _______________-_ Wakatomika Creek ... _______________ 5, 590, 000 Millersburg, Ohio 2________________________ ... Killbuck Creek... 12, 000, 000 ...------------------------ Muskingum River Reservoirs, Ohio (system On various streams---------- ---- _ 4 41, 100, 000 of 14 reservoirs).3 Scioto: Big Darby Creek, Ohio 2 ______ -__-__ Big Darby Creek---------------------- 18, 600, 000 Deer Creek, Ohio 2__ ___________ _ Deer Creek --------------------------- 13, 200, 000 Delaware, Ohio 3_______________ ___ Olentangy River------------------------ 7, 642, 000 Paint Creek, Ohio 2___ ..... __ Paint Creek ...................-------------------------- 13, 800, 000 Rocky Fork, Ohio 6 2__________________... 2- Rocky Fork_------------------------- 7 4, 410, 000 Twelvepole Creek: East Lynn, W. Va. _.. - East Fork____---____-----____ -__ 9, 020, 000 1 Latest cost estimate revision 1954 unless otherwise noted. 2 Also see listing of this project under improvement "Other authorized flood control projects." aFor details, see individual report. 4 Latest cost estimate revision 1955. 1 Total cost $2,875,000 the additional $785,000 to be contributed by local interests. 6 See Annual Report for 1950 for individual report. ? Total cost $6,349,000 the additional $1,939,000 to be contributed by local interests. 938 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary surveys and plans have been completed for a number of the projects included in the com- prehensive plan. The status of projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. As a result of the curtailment of planning functions, work under this heading has been suspended. The costs of new work to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: $516,727. Emergency Relief funds: $10,920. Total, all funds: $527,647. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated......... -$474, 444 -$118, 514 ........... . 1$527, 647 Cost------------------ 33, 043 1, 810------------------------ ......... ----------- 527, 647 I Includes $10,920 Emergency Relief funds. 22. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 Estimated full report full report Iamount Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance Local protection projects: Aberdeen, Ohio .... ...------------------------------ $1, 344 ..------ --- 1 $1, 428, 700 Ashland, Ky...................---------------------------- 1954 3, 695, 647 ..-------------- (2) Athalia, Ohio__---------.---------------------------- 1 630, 000 Belpre, Ohio ----------------- ------------------------------------------ 3, 570, 000 Brooklyn, W. Va-- --- ---.-------- 15, 200, 000 Buena Vista, Ohio -------- .----- a 593, 000 Burlington, Ohio .------------------------- -------------- 146, 000 Chambersburg, Ohio --------------------------------------- ------------ 1, 600, 000 Chesapeake, Ohio--------- ---------------------------------------------- 1 330, 000 Cheshire, Ohio------- ----.-------- a 419, 000 Clarington, Ohio ------------------------------ ------------------------ 2, 710, 000 Clifton, W. Va...---------------- 1 230, 000 Coal Grove, Ohio ------- ------------ ---- 3, 389 .....------....----......... 884, 600 Friendly, W. Va ---------------- - -------------------------- 1655, 000 Fullerton, Ky ---------------------------------------------------------- 1, 090, 000 Galax, Va . --------------...................--------- 1953 480, 536 ------------- (2) Gallipolis, Ohio_ .----- ----------------------- 2, 670, 000 Greenup, Ky -- --- -- ------- 4, 962-------------- 1 2, 655, 000 Hanging Rock, Ohio-.... __....---__-------------__ 1467, 000 Hartford, W. Va----------------- ------------------------- 1 2, 880, 000 Henderson, W. Va-- ---- ------------------------------------------------ 437, 000 Hockingport, Ohio -------------------------------------------------------- 568, 000 Ironton, Ohio_---------------------- 1952 2, 543, 397- - (2) Letart, W. Va --------------- -------------------------------- 1 938, 000 .. Letart Falls, Ohio ...--------...--------- -------------------------------------- 1992,000 Manchester, Ohio- -- 9, 819 .- .----------------------------- 1, 320, 200 Mapleshade, Ohio_---------- .--------.. -------- 1 1, 330, 000 Marietta, Ohio .......------------------ --------------------------------------- 14, 000, 000 Mason, W. Va.------------------.----------------------------------31,040,000 Miller, Ohio ------------------------------------------------------------- 1 519, 000 Millwood, W. Va .......----------------- -------------------------------------- 1 843, 000 New Martinsville, W. Va------- -------------------------------- 4, 670,000 New Matamoras, Ohio ----- ----------------------------------------- 1 2,090,000 Newport, Ohio......-------------------.......----------...---------------------------............................ 1 318, 000 Normal, Ky ------------------------------------------------------------ 1 648, 000 See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 939 For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full reportEstimated Name of project see Annual Operation reamount Report CnOperation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance Local protection projects-Continued Point Pleasant, W. Va--------------------- 1953 $2,829, 297 ---------------- (2) Pomeroy, Ohio _ _....... ......... ............ $16, 500, 000 Portland, Ohio ... ........--------------------------------------------- 11,040,000 Powhatan Point, Ohio .. ..-------------------------------------------------- 14, 720, 000 Proctor, W. Va . --------------------------------------------------------- 1 334, 000 Proctorville, Ohio___________---...... ___.......... ------------- 2, 700, 000 Racine, Ohio..----------------------------------- .....--------------------------- 3 985, 000 Ravenswood, W. Va .-------------- --------------.-------- --.------------ 1 1,470, 000 Riverview, W. Va -- ------------------------------------------------------- 3 881, 000 Russell, Ky ----------------------------- 1953 237, 193 ------------- (2) St. Marys, W. Va .. ..------------------------------------------------------ 3 1, 510, 000 Sardis, Ohio --------------------.....................---........-------------------------------------- 1 285, 000 Sciotoville, Ohio........-------------------------------------------------------1 1, 460, 000 Sistersville, W. Va ..------------------------......-------------- ...-------------- 1 1,770,000 South Point, Ohio -----------------...----------- ---------------------------- 1..992, 000 South Portsmouth, Ky ......... .... ....----------------------------------------------------- 370, 000 Syracuse, Ohio .................-----------------------........-----.........-------------------------............---- 3 1, 220, 000 Waverly, W. Va _------------------------------------------------------ 13, 480, 000 Williamstown, W. Va------------------.............--------------------. ......................-------------- 1 2, 580, 000 Woodlands, W. Va Zanesville, Ohio__ .....-------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------. .------------ 1 206, 000 .------------------------- 1 8, 110, 000 Reservoirs: Big Bend, W. Va ............--------------- ------------------------------------ 13, 900, 000 Big Darby Creek, Ohio-----------........------------ ----------------------------............. 18, 600,000 Birch, W. Va ---------------------------- .....-------------- ..--------------.6, 450, 000 Burnsville, W. Va . .----------------------------------------------------- 6, 520, 000 Clintwood, Va . ------------ ----------------------------------- 6, 080, 000 Deer Creek, Ohio --------------- ------------------------------------ 13, 200,000 East Lynn, W. Va ---------------------------------------- -------------- 9,020,000 Fishtrap, Ky -------------- .....------------------..---------------------- 28, 300, 000 Haysi, Va......................----------------------...------------------------------------- 3 10, 100, 000 Logan, Ohio --------------------------------------------------------- 4, 230, 000 Millersburg, Ohio_....----------------__ __ ---------- ------__ _----. 12, 000, 000 Moores Ferry, Va . ---------------------------------------------------- 25, 600, 000 Mud River, W. Va..-----.....-----......--------.......-- -------------- -------------- 10, 600, 000 Paint Creek, Ohio ....----------..... ---......---------------------------------------- 13, 800,000 Poca, W. Va.....------------------------------------------. -------------- 3 21, 600, 000 Rocky Fork, Ohio________ -___.- ____-_ 1950 91, 321-------------- 4, 318, 700 Steer Creek, W. Va .. --------------------------------------------------- 1 8, 520, 000 West Fork, W. Va ..------------------------------------------------------ 3 6, 640, 000 1Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision 1954. 2 Completed. 3 To be restudied. Latest cost estimate revision 1954. 23. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and subsequent acts require local interests to furnish assurances that they will maintain and operate certain local protection projects after completion in ac- cordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. District Engineers are responsible for the administration of these regulations within the boundaries of their respective districts. The current (1955) estimate of the annual cost of this work in the Hunting- ton District is $2,900. Maintenance inspections were made during the fiscal year of com- pleted units of projects transferred to local interests for maintenance and operation. Local interests were advised, as necessary, of measures required to maintain these projects in accordance with standards pre- scribed by the regulations. The cost during the year was $6,898 for maintenance. The cost to the end of the fiscal year was $18,303 for maintenance. 940 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $4,300 $2, 500 $1, 741 $3, 000 $6, 700 $18, 241 Cost------------------ 4, 141 1, 900 2, 338 3,026 6, 898 1 18, 303 1Costs of $62 in excess of amount appropriated are due to retroactive pay increase in fiscal year 1955. 24. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year plans and specifications were prepared and a contract awarded for straightening and clearing the channel of Cherry River at Richwood, W. Va. Construction operations have not been initiated. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $10,862, all for new work. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year amounted to $124,852. In addition, $50,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ---------....... $38, 500 $75, 490 ...- $60, 000 $173, 990 Cost------------------3, 202 65, 360 $45, 428 ------------ 10,862 124, 852 1 In addition $50,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_------------ . 273 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 8, 273 Flood control emergencies-Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental author- izations). Pursuant to these authorizations, a total of $128,910 has been allIttd to the Huntington district to June 30,1955, for emergency floodcotrol work. Total costs during the fiscal year were $14,940 for flood emergency operations and preparation of post flood reports. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $122,363. FLOOD CONTROIr-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 941 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated_ $15, 550 $13, 780 $21, 487 $128, 910 Cost -_--_----------- .......... 15,550 13,780 ------------ 14,940 122,363 25. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs and expenditures during the year were $28,924. The balance unexpended on June 30, 1955, $627 plus a tentative allotment for fiscal year 1956 of $78,300, a total of $78,927, will be applied to the preparation of 1 navigation study (survey) and 9 flood control studies (7 surveys-2 preliminary examinations). The additional sum of $109,400 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1957, for work to be accomplished under this heading. 26. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA No work has been accomplished under this heading during the fiscal year. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of eastern Ohio, western Penn- sylvania, southwestern New York, northern West Virginia, and north- western Maryland embraced in the drainage basin of the Ohio River and tributaries above mile 109 (below Pittsburgh), between Captina Island and Powhatan Point, Ohio. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control--Continued Page Page 1. Allegheny River, Pa., con- 16. Johnstown, Ohio River Basin, struction of locks and Pa-_- 972 dams---------------- 943 17. Conemaugh River Reservoir, 2. Tygart River Dam, W. Va__ 947 Ohio River Basin, Pa .___ 974 3. Monongahela River, Pa., and 18. Loyalhanna Reservoir, Ohio W. Va _ 951 River Basin, Pa ....... 978 4. Youghiogheny River, Pa ... 956 19. Elkins, Ohio River Basin, 5. Ohio River above mile 109, W. Va ... 981 lock and dam construc- 20. Uniontown, Pa_ 982 tion-----------------. 957 21. Youghiogheny River Reser- 6. Ohio River, open-channel voir, Ohio River Basin, Pa_ 982 work- 957 22. Berlin Reservoir, Ohio River 7. Other authorized navigation Basin, Ohio____ 986 projects . 957 23. Mosquito Creek Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ohio __ 989 Flood control 24. Wellsville, Ohio River Basin, Ohio 992 8. Bradford, Pa __ 958 25. Ohio River Basin, Pitts- 9. Tionesta Reservoir, Ohio burgh, Pa., district ...... 993 River Basin, Pa ___ 959 26. Other authorized flood con- 10. East Branch, Clarion River trol projects_____________ 997 Reservoir, Ohio River 27. Inspection of completed flood Basin, Pa__ 962 control works- 997 11. Johnsonburg, Ohio River 28. Flood control work under Basin, Pa__ 964 special authorization .... 998 12. Reynoldsville, Pa _ --- 965 13. Punxsutawney, Ohio River General investigations Basin, Pa ____ ___ 966 14. Mahoning Creek Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Pa .... 967 29. Examinations and surveys__ 1001 15. Crooked Creek, Reservoir, 30. Collection and study of basic Ohio River Basin, Pa ___ 970 data_ __ _- 1001 1. ALLEGHENY RIVER, PA.-CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS Location. This river rises in northern Pennsylvania, flows north- westward into New York, thence generally southwestward to Pitts- burgh, Pa., where it joins with the Monongahela River to form the Ohio. Its length is 325 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for western Pennsylvania and southwestern New York.) Existing project. This provides for eight locks and dams to afford slack water navigation from Pittsburgh, Pa., to above East Brady, Pa., a distance of 72 miles. Original locks and dams 2 and 3 were 943 363037-55-vol. 2-60 944 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 replaced by new locks and dams 2 and 3 in 1934. Lock and dam 1 was eliminated in 1938 by the raising of the Emsworth Dam, Ohio River. The controlling depth throughout the canalized portion is 9 feet at normal pool level, and the chanel width varies from a minimum of 200 feet to full width of river at the mouth. The cost of new work for the completed project is $18,157,860. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and, maintenance is $450,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5,1886 For lock and dam 1. (Fixed dam contemplated. On Annual Report, 1886, p. 1545, and Sept. 29, 1891, the Secretary of War authorized the Annual Report, 1891, p. 2366. change to a movable dam.) June 3, 1896 For locks and dams 2 and 3___ ___ _- __- -_ H. Doc. 204, 54th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1896, p. 2212. July 25,1912 For locks and dams 4 to 8, inclusive__ ---------- H. Doc. 540, 62d Cong., 2d sess. I- July 3, 1930 For a depth of 9 feet in the lower 61 miles ......----------- H. Doc. 356, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 1 Replacement of lock and dam 1 by a dredged chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee, nel, 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide up to lock 2, and Doc. 16, 72d Cong., 1st sess. construction of new locks and dams 2 and 3, to replace existing locks and dams 2 and 3. Do-..._.. Construction of lock and dam 9, raising of the crest H. Doc. 721 71st Cong., 3d sess., of dam 8, and dredging a navigable channel at the and Rivers and Harbors Com- head of pool 8. mittee, Doc. 27, 73d Cong., 2d sess. June 26, 1934 2 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Included in the Emergency Relief Administration program Apr. 8, 1935. s Permanent Appropriatioas .peal Act. Locks and dams, Allegheny River, Pa. Depths on miter Location Dimensions sills at normal Character of foundation Type of construction pool level 1 Per- Lift at cent- Year normal age of opened Estimated H No. Width Avail- pool Kind of om-f to or actual Miles of able length level Lower Upper (feet) dam p pi navi- gation cost miles above Nearest town chai- ber length to full (feet) r owr (feet) (feet Lock Dam Lock Dam tion gation month her width (feet) (feet) C 2 6. 7 Aspinwall, Pa-----------........... 56 360 11.0 19. 0 10. 5 Rock --..- Rock .--.. Fixed ___ Concrete__ Concrete__ 100 21934 $1, 763, 485 3 14. 5 ----------- Cheswick, Pa... 56 360 13. 5 10.8 11. 8 __do_ Pile-rock ._ -do ___do ----- ___do------- .------- 100 21934 1, 875, 665 !d 4 24. 2 Natrona, Pa----.....-------- 56 360 10.5 10.0 8. 5 ___do____ __ Rock _____ do_.--__ do__-- .--- do .-- 100 1927 1, 707, 690 5. 30. 4 Freeport, Pa....------------ 56 360 11. 8 10. 5 10. 3 Piling - Crib-pile __ do .- do .___ o ... 100 1927 1, 940, 537 0 6 36. 3 Clinton, Pa--...---------- 56 360 12. 2 10.6 10.8 Rock ....__ --- do____-.__ do____-__- do______. _-do-... _ 100 1928 1,523, 959 j 7 45. 7 Kittanning, Pa.._... 56 360 13.1 9. 8 10. 9 Piling_ --- do .---------- do do----------do .------- .------- 100 1930 1, 460, 008 8 52. 6 Templeton, Pa._.--._ 56 360 17.9 10.4 13. 8 Rock___,__ Rock-pile_ ___do-__-_.- do____ .__---do....... 100 1931 2, 848, 920 9 62. 2 Rimerton, Pa-----------........ 56 300 22.0 10. 5 11.3 _..do--. Rock -... .. do____- __-. do__- ___ _.-do------.. 100 1938 2, 510, 373 0 Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15, 630, 637 Abandoned lock and dam 1-__ . ........................................................---------------------------------------...............--------------------------------------------------- 591,187...., Abandoned lock and dam 3 .- --------------------------------------------------------- _------------------------------------------------------------- 31, 103 Demolishing old dam 1-------------....................... .............. _ ....... ..... .......-------------------------------------------------------- 26,001 Dredging channel -_- 055, 00------------------------------ 05, 003 1,- Total........ ................................................................................------------------------------------------------------------- 160 18,157,860.............. y 1All depths as shown are on guard sills and are controlling depths. s Dates shown represent replacements structures. y1 H 946 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The city of Pittsburgh has constructed a mod- ern wharf for river freight. There are numerous privately main- tained terminals and docks consisting of tipples, various types of hoists, chutes, and pipelines for use in loading and unloading coal, coke, sand, gravel, limestone, cement, petroleum products, steel prod- ucts, and other commodities. The transshipment of freight between river and railroads is handled at privately owned river-to-river ter- minals. Operations and results during the fiscalyear. Operation and main- tenance, general: Reestablishment of control monuments and bench marks for navigation surveys were performed by hired labor. Snag- ging operations were performed as required to maintain the naviga- tion channel. The locks and dams were operated as required and necessary repairs and improvements made thereto and to the appurtenant structures to maintain them in a serviceable condititon. In addition thereto, the following major rehabilitation work was performed by hired labor: at lock 3, repairs were made to the top of the walls and esplanade, and the lighting cable to the river wall replaced; at lock 5, a new well pump including piping for the water supply to the powerhouse was installed; at lock 6, the top of the river wall was resurfaced; at locks 7 and 8, repairs were made to the turbines; at lock 9, additional guard fence was erected, and a steel lock flat constructed for use in ordinary maintenance work; and at locks 2 to 9, inclusive, dredging of lock chambers and approaches was accomplished and additional safety signs installed. The costs were $310,156, of which $7,638 was for channel main- tenance and $302,518 for operation and care of locks and dams. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete, the last lock being placed in service in 1938. All locks and dams are in good condition. The navigation channel has been widened at cer- tain points and, in general, maintained to project depth thus affording adequate depth for passage of commercial tows. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular .____--__.....- .- - . -- . . ___.. ______- . . . . . . . __ . .- $14, 454, 074 $5, 825, 387 $20, 279, 461 Maintenance and operation -__________ _ _______--- ___-_____ 16, 000 16, 000 Public works_.-...-___ __ __- ._____...- ___- .. 1, 250, 049 ---------------- 1, 250, 049 .... Emergency relief-----... . --- --------.. ------...... 2, 453, 737 ---------------- 2, 453, 737 Total __ --------------------------------------- 18, 157, 860 5, 841, 387 23, 999, 247 In addition, the sum of $3,528,159 was expended between January 1, 1903, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such purposes. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 947 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated --------------------- -$5 1 $18, 157, 860 Cost__----------------- $4, 571 ------- ----------------------------------- 18, 157, 860 Maintenance: Appropriated- -..... _ 337, 830 332, 500 $369, 900 $336, 500 $291, 500 9,363, 580 Cost_----------------- 322, 581 351, 664 364, 914 344, 679 310, 156 9, 369, 546 1 Includes $2,453,737 from Emergency Relief funds and $1,250,049 from Public Works funds. 2. TYGART RIVER DAM, W. VA. Location. The dam site is located on the Tygart River in Taylor County, W. Va., about 22.7 miles above the mouth of the river at Fairmont, W. Va. It is 2.25 miles upstream from Grafton, W. Va., and about 78 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located in Taylor and Barbour Counties, W. Va. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Fairmont, Thornton, and Belington, W. Va.) Existing project. The construction of a concrete gravity dam was authorized by the Public Works Administration January 11, 1934, and adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935. This dam is 1,921 feet in length at the top and rises 207 feet above the river bed at the uncontrolled center spillway section, which is flanked by abutment sections 23 feet higher. The structure provides for the gross controlled storage of 289,600 acre-feet of water from a tribu- tary drainage area of 1,183 square miles. Approximately 278,400 acre-feet of this controlled storage are available for flood prevention in the Monongahela and Ohio Valleys, while the remaining 11,200 acre-feet are permanent storage. Low water control is also provided by storing 100,000 acre-feet during the spring months for release dur- ing low rainfall periods to make up the deficiency of water in the Monongahela River. Two penstocks are contained in the dam for pos- sible future generation of hydroelectric power. The cost of new work for the completed project is $18,431,844. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $46,000. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and its appurtenances and to operators' quarters and grounds. Torrential rain during October 15, 1954, from midmorning until early evening caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at 32.35 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., on the 16th and at 44.7 feet at Wheeling, W. Va. (lock 12) on the 17th. The reduction made by this reservoir at both Pittsburgh and Wheeling was 1.05 feet and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 8.75 feet, and in com- bination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling was 9.0 feet. Along the Monongahela River, a flood occurred between lock 8 (up- per) and lock 2 (lower). Locks 15 and 5 crested at 15.5 feet and 30.9 feet (upper gage), respectively, while the reductions were 4.9 feet and 4.6 feet, respectively. The water stored during this flood 948 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1138.0 on the 18th, or 63.3 feet above the normal low-water drawdown guide curve for this date. This level, the highest reached during the year, represents an im- poundment of 123,000 acre-feet above the drawdown guide or about 59 percent of the usable flood storage capacity of the reservoir for that date. Major direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and along the entire course of the Monongahela River from Fairmont, W. Va. to the mouth and were estimated as follows: Pitts- burgh Damage District (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monon- gahela River to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $11,786,000; Wheeling Dam- age District (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $2,691,000; McKees- port Damage District (lock 2 (upper) to lock 4 (lower), Monongahela River), $718,000; and Upper Monogahela Damage District (lock 4 (upper) to Fairmont, W. Va.), $1,156,000. General moderate to heavy rains on December 28 and 29, 1954, over the Monongahela River basin augmented by light snow melt caused a minor flood on the 30th along a reach between lock 6 and lock 2 during which 75,700 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Monongahela River at locks 15 and 5 crested at 14.4 feet and 24.4 feet, while the reductions were 2.6 feet and 1.5 feet, respectively. The Ohio River crested on the 31st, 24.9 feet at Pittsburgh and 33.0 feet at Wheeling. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pitts- burgh was 0.85 feet, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 4.6 feet; at Wheeling, the reduction was 1.1 feet and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 6.1 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 1/ days. Mod- erate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and minor flood benefits along the Monongahela River and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh Damage District, $496,000; Wheeling Dam- age District, $204,000; McKeesport Damage District, $1,500; and Upper Monongahela Damage District, $51,000. Heavy rain from the afternoon of February 5 until late February 6, 1955, over the Monongahela River basin augmented by a moderate snow melt caused light flooding on the 7th along a reach between lock 5 (lower) and lock 2 (upper) during which 88,700 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Monongahela River at locks 15 and 5 crested at 14.6 feet and 22.6 feet, while the reductions were 2.55 feet and 1.45 feet, respectively. Along the lower Monongahela River, the period of flooding was reduced by one day, while along the upper river, suspension to navigation was averted for 1/2 days. During this flood, water stored in the reservoir in conjunction with storage in the Youghiogheny, Conemaugh, Loyalhanna, and Crooked Creek Reservoirs prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Minor direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir in the Upper Monongahela damage district and were esti- mated at $9,500. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 949 General heavy rain from late February 28, 1955, until early March 1, 1955, over the Monongahela River basin caused light flooding on the 2d along a reach between lock 2 (upper) and lock 3 (lower) and in the vicinity of lock 4 (upper) during which 50,300 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Monongahela River at lock 15 and 5 crested at 13.4 and 21.7 feet, while the reductions were 1.7 feet and 0.8 foot, respectively. Along the lower Monongahela River, the period of suspension to navigation was reduced by one day, while along the upper river suspension to navigation was averted for 1 day. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 22.1 feet on March 2 while the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 2.8 feet, just averting flood stage. A series of general heavy rain showers on March 4 and 5, 1955, over the Monongahela River basin caused light flooding again on the 5th along reaches lock 2 (upper)-lock 3 (lower) and lock 4 (upper)-lock 5 (lower), during which 81,200 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Monongahela River at locks 15 and 5 crested at 13.4 feet and 22.4 feet, while the reductions were 2.4 feet and 1.2 feet, re- spectively. Along the lower Monongahela River minor flooding was averted for one day, and along the upper and lower river the period of suspension to navigation was reduced by two days. The Ohio River crested on March 5 at Pittsburgh at 24.1 feet and at Wheeling at 35.8 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.3 foot and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pitts- burgh 3.4 feet; at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.35 foot and in com- bination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.4 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for two days. The water stored during this double-peak flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1,117.1 on March 8 or 107.1 feet above winter pool representing an impoundment of 144,300 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 52 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling, and minor flood bene- fits along the Monongahela River and were estimated to be as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $97,000; Wheeling damage district, $153,- 000; Upper Monongahela damage district, $4,000. During July 17-18, 1954, the reservoir outflow was reduced for two periods to permit the rescue of a man stranded on a rock outcrop in the Tygart River below the dam and also an initial rescue party simi- larly stranded. All concerned were brought to safety early on July 18. During January 24-25, 1955, the outflow was increased to ac- commodate critical repair work at lock 7 and emergency repair work at lock 12, Ohio River. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made in accordance with the storage schedule except on the occasion of 25 minor rises when some water was stored and re- leased as river conditions permitted. Storage during minor rises on February 23-24 and March 22-23 in conjunction with storage in the 950 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pitts- burgh from exceeding pool limit. In addition to ordinary repairs to structures and plant, the riprap below the stilling basin was repaired by hired labor. Continued throughout the year was some reservoir management activity com- prising sanitation measures, conservation, land management and oper- ation and maintenance of public use facilities. This work was limited as the State of West Virginia has jurisdiction over recreation at the reservoir area. The costs were $35,575, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The authorized project is complete. The reservoir is in operation for low water control in the Monongahela River and for the purpose of flood protection in the Monongahela and Ohio Valleys. Construction of the dam was started in 1935 and placed in operation in 1938. The costs of the project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation New work and mainte- Total nance, general Regular .......--------- -- -------------------------------- $6, 431, 849 573, 381 7, 005, 230 Public works_ _-. ---------------------------------------- 10, 000, 000 -------------- 10, 000, 000 Emergency relief------------------- ------------------- 1, 999, 995 -------------- 1, 999, 995 Total_ .----------------------------------------- 18, 431, 844 573, 381 19, 005, 225 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: ....... Appropriated--------- ---------------------------------- ------------ 1 $18, 431, 844 Cost_------- --------------------------------------------------------- 118,431,844 Maintenance: Appropriated ........- $38, 000 $32, 000 $30, 000 $38, 000 $28, 500 573, 499 Cost-----------------.................. 49, 793 36, 484 33, 616 35, 123 35, 575 573, 381 1Includes $1,999,995 from Emergency Relief funds and $10,000,000 from Public Works funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 951 3. MONONGAHELA RIVER, PA. AND W. VA. Location. This river is formed by the junction of the Tygart and West Fork Rivers about 1 mile south of Fairmont, W. Va., and flows in a northerly direction 128 miles to its junction with the Allegheny River, forming the Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geolog- ical Survey charts for southwestern Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia.) Previous projects. These provided for acquisition by the United States in 1897 of original locks 1 to 7, inclusive, which were built by the Monongahela Navigation Co., and the extension of slack water naviga- tion to the head of the river by the construction of original locks 8 to 15, inclusive, prior to 1904. The projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, June 3, 1896, and June 4, 1897. For further details see page 1910 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1248, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the improvement of the river by 12 locks and dams to afford slack water navigation for its entire length from Pittsburgh, Pa., to above Fairmont, W. Va. Original locks and dams 7, 8, and 9 were replaced by new locks and dams 7 and 8 in 1925. Increased traffic necessitated an enlargement and improve- ment of locks and dams 1 to 6 between Pittsburgh and Rices Landing, Pa., by the building of two parallel chambers and fixed concrete dams. Locks and dam 1 were eliminated in 1938 by the raising of the Ems- worth Dam, Ohio River. Reconstruction of locks 2 provides for two modernized navigation locks, one 110 by 720 feet and one 56 by 360 feet. Locks and dams 5 and 6 are inadequate for the present traffic and are nearing the end of their economic life and should be replaced. Original locks and dams 10 to 15, inclusive, are inadequate for the present traffic and should be replaced as soon as practicable. Con- struction of Morgantown lock and dam was the initial step in the re- placement program and replaced locks and dams 10 and 11. Hilde- brand and Opekiska locks and dams will replace locks 12 to 15, inclusive. Alterations to dam 8 will raise pool 8 by 4 feet. Comple- tion of these improvements from dam 8 upstream will provide for the entire river length a minimum channel depth of 9 feet, varying in width from a minimum of 300 feet to practically full width at the mouth. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) (exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects) is $123,296,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $1,500,000. 952 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. Enlargement and improvement of lock and dam 6; 1, 1899 Annual Report, 1897, p. 2423. additional works at lock 3; new repair steamer and new dredge boat with equipment; all at an esti- mated cost of $185,556. June 13, 1902 Rebuilding of lock and dam 2 "in accordance with Annual Report, 1909, p. 1756. report submitted by the engineer in charge, Feb. 4, 1902" (report not printed), at estimated cost of $655,961. (Estimate increased in 1910 to $698,961.) Mar. 3,1905 Acquisition of land and additional improvements at Annual Report, 1904, p. 460. 5 and 6 at a cost of $7,850. Do....... Rebuilding of lock and dam 3 at estimated cost of H. Doe. 209, 58th Cong., 2d sess. $589,196. Mar. 2, 1907 Reconstruction of lock and dam 5 at estimated cost of Do. $756,042. Mar. 4, 1913 Reconstruction of lock and dam 6 at estimated cost of H. Doc. 1217, 62d Cong., 3d sess. $356,400. (Estimate increased in 1916 to $418.860.) Sept. 22,1922 Additional improvements at estimated cost as follows: H. Doc. 288, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Guide walls and guard walls, 1 to 6 ..-- $1, 255, 130 Lengthening land chamber of lock 3 to 720 feet-------......-- --------------- 787, 722 New chamber (360 feet long), lock 4-__ 699, 786 Lock and dam 7------------------ 1,161, 241 Lock and dam 8_ __________--- 1, 165, 758 Lock and dam 7 (second chamber)_.. 419, 126 Lock and dam 8 (second chamber) __ 504, 465 Reconstruction of dam 4 ........... 397, 211 Marine ways, repair plant, office and ....................... warehouse--------------------- 250, 000 Total_ __----------------------- 6, 640, 439 July 3, 1930 For construction of new locks and dam 2/ miles be- Rivers and Harbors Committee, low the existing structure, at estimated cost of Doc. 22, 70th Cong., 2d sess. $2,175,000 in lieu of the work authorized at old lock and dam 4. Jan. 31, 19311 Chief of Engineers authorized to locate the new locks and dam above the existing structure and on such site as he may deem most desirable. June 26,1934 2 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. May 17,1950 Modification of the existing project as follows: Senate Doe. 100, 81st Cong., 1st Provide for 2 new locks and dams similar to the sess. Morgantown lock and dam to replace existing locks and dams 12 to 15, inclusive. Provide for a movable crest on existing dam 8 to raise the existing pool-full elevation 4 feet. Provide for a navigation channel of 300-foot mini- mum bottom width and a 9-foot project depth above lock and dam 8. Provide for an extension of the navigable channel of the upper Monongahela River, into the lower Tygart River for a distance of 2.1 miles at a maximum bottom width of 200 feet and a 9-foot project depth. 1 Public Res. 117, 71st Cong., 3d sess. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. Locks and dams, Monongahela River, Pa. and W. Va. Depths on miter Location Dimensions sills at normal Character of foundation Type of construction pool level 1 Lift at Pernt- Year normal cent- No. Avail- pool Kind of age of oped Estimated or Width able level dam com- navi- actual cost Miles of length (feet) Lower Upper pie- M above Nearest town cham- lengh (feet) owr r Lock Dam Lock Dam on g mouthber width (feet) (feet) 2 11.2 Braddock, Pa --- 110 720 8. 7 16. O0 15. 95 Rock- ... Crib pile__ Fixed-___ Concrete__ Concrete__ 100 1953 2 $17, 873, 448 H dd 3 23.8 Elizabeth, Pa----------. 3 56 8.2 11.6 11.9 Rock .. _ __.do .. ...------- do--- ... ..__do- .. ____ do ....-. 100 19072 1, 681, 538 60 4 41.5 Charleroi, Pa.... .... 56 720 10. 6 10. 7 14.0 Piles- Piles---------.do .------ __do .____ do ... 100 1932 2 2, 173, 767 0 5 56. 5 Brownsville, Pa _..... 3 56 360 12. 4 11. 1 11.5 Rock pile_ Crib pile -__ do do ..--- do . ------- 100 1909 2 1,074, 812 6 68. 3 Rices Landing, Pa ... - - 56 360 13.1 10.5 11.3 Rock.____ Crib rock __. do_ ._____.do ... . Timber 100 1916 2 770,449 and con- crete. 7 85. 0 Greensboro, Pa_______ 56 360 15. 0 10.0 10. 5 -.. do- Rock ________.do- ______. do- ... Concrete__ 100 1925 2 2, 639, 804 8 90.8 Point Marion, Pa_______ 56 360 15.0 10. 0 10. 5 ___do- .. do- ..... do - .do - .._do .. 100 19252 2, 086, 438 .. 102. 0 Morgantown Lock and 84 600 21.0 10.5 17. 8 _-_do- ...--- do-.___ Movable ___do . .________do _____ 100 1950 8, 778, 000 Dam, Morgantown, crest. W. Va. 12 109. 5 Little Falls, W. Va 56 182 10.6 7. 0 7. 0 ._do .... ___do ._..._____Fixed- ..__._ do___ .-___do ._____ 100 1903 200, 550 13 111.7 -.. do. ------------ 56 182 10.7 7.0 7.0 __..do ____.__ .. _o_ do .....- do _ do . 100 1904 190, 691 H 14 115. 3 Lowsville, W. Va .__ 56 182 10.7 7.1 7. . __do .____.__.do ._____ do .___ do _ do . 100 1903 210,127 15 124. 6 Hoult, W. Va---------.. 56 182 10.7 7.0 7.0 ___do .. .. do____ .__ do . do . ___do . 100 1903 175, 829 Hl Marine ways, etc_-.. ---- 250, 000 Abandoned lock and dam 1--- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,019,907 Abandoned lock and dam 4------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 780, 816 Abandoned lock and dam 7 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 213, 776 Abandoned lock and dam 8 -------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --------------- 245, 900 Abandoned lock and dam 9 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 191,000 Abandoned lock and dam 10---- Abandoned lock and dam 11---- Dredging----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 227,668 210, 445----------------------------- 210,445 227,668----------------------------- 587, 899 Total....... .. ..---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------....... 41, 582, 864 1 All depths as shown are on guard sills and are controlling depths. 3 2 Chambers. 2 Dates shown for locks and dams Nos. 2 to 8, inclusive, represent reconstruction. 954 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Terminal facilities. The city of Pittsburgh has constructed a, mod- ern wharf for river freight. Boat landings are maintained by some municipalities along the river. A large number of tipples at mines and various types of hoists at manufacturing plants and sand and gravel supply companies are maintained for private use in loading and unloading coal, coke, billets, steel products, sand, gravel, and other commodities. These terminals and docks are not available for the purpose of general commerce. A number of docks and pipelines are also privately maintained for petroleum and acid products. Marine ways are maintained by some of the larger industries. There are also several terminals for rail- to-river and river-to-rail transfer. Existing private terminals are adequate for shipments and receipt in the Pittsburgh district of the type of commerce now in existence. The provision of river-to-rail and rail-to-river transfer terminals on an extensive scale is not important, since 98 percent of traffic using the river passes through the private terminals, which are more than adequate for the prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Reconstruc- tion of locks 2: Miscellaneous construction items were completed by hired labor. Remedial bank work downstream from the esplanade was completed by contract. Hildebrand lock and dam: Advance planning was in progress throughout the year, and consisted of continuation of detailed design and preparation of plans for the lock. Operation and maintenance, general: Reestablishment of control monuments and bench marks was in progress during the year. Snag- ging was performed where required. Conditions surveys were made at various locations and dredging to project dimensions performed. A total of 18,000 cubic yards was removed from the channel at the mouth of Turtle Creek and deposited in disposal areas by the U. S. derrickboat Monallo II. The locks and dams were operated as required and necessary repairs: and improvements made thereto and to the appurtenant structures to maintain them in a serviceable condition. In addition to ordinary repairs to structures and plant, the following major rehabilitation work was performed by hired labor except where noted: At lock 2, a steel lock flat was constructed for use in ordinary maintenance work; at lock 3, repairs were made to the face of the river chamber walls with gunite and refacing of the upper guide wall with gunite was completed; the upper river chamber gates were replaced; new valve blades were purchased by contract for installation in the land chamber filling and emptying valves; and the river chamber was unwatered and repairs made to the valves, gate sills and lower gates; at lock 5, the upper river chamber gates were replaced; unwatering of the land chamber preparatory to repairing the valves, gates and gate sills was initiated; and repairs to dwelling roofs were completed by contract; at lock 6, furnaces in dwellings were replaced by contract; at lock 7, turbine repairs were initiated; at Morgantown lock and dam, paint- ing of the service bridge and bulkheads was initiated by contract; and at locks 2 to 15, inclusive, lock chambers and approaches were dredged. The costs were $1,146,739, of which $60,077 was for new work, RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 955 $40,081 for channel maintenance, and $1,046,581 for operation and care at locks and dam. Condition at end of fiscal year. The locks and dams are in oper- ation and are complete except for replacement of locks 5 and 6, raising the crest of dam 8, and replacement of locks 12 to 15, inclusive, by construction of Hildebrand lock and dam and Opekiska lock and dam. A controlling depth of 9 feet in the navigation channel is maintained from Pittsburgh to the upper reaches of pool 8 which has a controlling depth of approximately 7 feet. The recent construction of Morgan- town lock and dam provides for a 9-foot channel from Morgantown dam to lock and dam 12. Upon completion of improvements at dam 8, and construction of Hildebrand lock and dam and Opekiska lock and dam, a minimum channel depth of 9 feet will exist for the entire length of the river, varying in width from a minimum of 300 feet to full width of the river at the mouth. Reconstruction of the 56-foot lock (river chamber) at locks 2 was commenced by contract January 7, 1949, and was accepted as complete June 29, 1951. Construction of the 110-foot lock (land chamber) was initiated by contract June 26, 1951, and was completed November 29, 1953. Construction of Morgantown lock and dam was started by contract September 9, 1948, and accepted as complete December 22, 1950. All miscellaneous ap- purtenances pertaining to the new lock are complete. Relocations and land acquisition are complete. No work has been performed in connection with the proposed replacement of locks and dams 5 and 6. In connection with the proposed improvements at dam 8, a definite project report is complete and detailed design studies, initiated. The general design memorandum is complete for Hildebrand lock and dam. Detailed design and preparation of plans is in progress. Work remaining for completion of the project consists of the follow- ing: Replacement of locks 5 and 6; raising the crest of dam 8; con- struction of Hildebrand lock and dam which will replace existing locks and dams 12 and 13; and construction of Opekiska lock and dam to replace existing locks and dams 14 and 15. The total costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation New work and mainte- nance, gen- Total eral Regular ______- __-----------______--------__ $36, 349, 750 $16, 196, 644 $52, 546, 394 Maintenance and operation- -- ___-___----___--___-- __ __ ------ 150, 000 150, 000 Total------------ -------- ---------------------... 36, 349, 750 16, 346, 644 52, 696, 394 In addition the sum of $20,446,587 was expended between July 7, 1897, and June 30, 1937, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 956 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: ° Appropriated _ .--- $5, 511, 000 $4, 064, 400 $2, 696, 000 $321, 589 $28, 350 $41, 772, 852 Cost_ 4, 297, 271 2, 904, 523 5, 006, 351 838,922 60,077 41, 770, 291 Maintenance: Appropriated - _- _.._ 986, 260 1, 745,100 1, 335, 100 1, 110, 000 1, 017, 700 36, 788, 171 Cost __ 1, 058, 401 1, 462, 060 1, 464, 219 1, 216, 247 1,086, 662 36, 793, 973 1Includes $5,420,541 for new work and $742 for maintenance for previous projects. Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ __ -__ $2, 547 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 1, 050, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------- 1,052, 547 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_- ----------------------- 85, 890, 011 4. YOUGHIOGHENY RIVER, PA. Location. This river, the principal tributary of the Monongahela, rises in Preston County, W. Va., near the western boundary of Mary- land, flows northward through Maryland into Pennsylvania, thence northwestward to empty into the Monongahela River at McKeesport, Pa. Its length is 123 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for southwestern Pennsylvania, western Maryland, and northern West Virginia.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts approved June 25, 1910, and January 21, 1927. For further details see page 1274, Annual Report for 1929, and page 1261, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for channel maintenance in the lower 1.3 miles of river from the mouth to 15th Street, McKeesport, Pa., located within the beneficial slack-water created by dam 2, Mononon- gahela River. The current (1955) estimate of annual cost for channel maintenance, is $25,000. The new work portion of the project, consisting of canalization of the river from the mouth to West Newton, Pa., a distance of 19.3 miles, to provide a navigable depth of 9 feet by the construction of 2 locks and dams, is considered to be inactive. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1946 and was estimated to be $8,785,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 9, 61st Cong., 2d sess.). The project was modified by the Chief of Engineers September 7, 1934, to provide for 2 locks and dams in lieu of 3 locks and dams previously authorized (no printed report). A map of the river is printed in House Document No. 82, 56th Congress, 1st session. The Chief of Engineers is authorized to revise the plans and estimates to meet any changes in conditions. Terminal facilities. Privately maintained terminals for unloading coal, sand, gravel, manufactured products, etc., ample for present re- quirements, exist at McKeesport, Pa. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and mainte- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 957 nance, general: Channel dredging from the mouth to the Jerome Street Bridge, McKeesport, Pa., mile 0.2 was accomplished during the year by U. S. derrickboat No. 3, a total of 12,885 cubic yards being removed. The costs were $16,800, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The effect of pool 2, Monongahela River, supplemented by periodic dredging, permits movement in the lower 1.3-mile reach of river by commercial tows. At present a chan- nel depth of 9 feet exists from the mouth to mile 0.2 providing normal navigation requirements in this reach. Above this point the channel is currently not maintained due to lack of commerce. The costs since adoption of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $141,339, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated - - . - - - _.- - I $47, 195 Cost - - - - ------- - -.... ....... 1 47,195 Maintenance: Appropriated $12,000 - $16,800 2 143,039 Cost------------------ 14, 857 -- - - -16,800 2 143,039 1Previous project data. 2Includes $1,700 expended under previous project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------- $8, 785, 000 5. OHIO RIVER ABOVE MILE 109, BETWEEN CAPTINA ISLAND AND POWHATAN POINT. CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS For report on this improvement, see page 819. 6. OHIO RIVER, OPEN-CHANNEL WORK For report on this improvement, see page 826. 7. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation amount Report Construction and main- complete tenance Allegheny River, Pa., open-channel work ....... 1934 $197, 000 $133, 840 (1) Beaver and Mahoning Rivers, Pa. and Ohio 2_ _. 1938 -5$57,000,000 Buckhannon River, W. Va.3 4- - 1893 5, 500 - ---. _ (1) Cheat River, W. Va.3 4 - 1895 12, 997 - (1) Pittsburgh Harbor, Pa_ -------- __ 1922 110, 663 81, 613 (1) 1 Completed. 2 Under date of Jan. 23, 1939, the Chief of Engineers recommended the construction of a waterway extend- ing from the Ohio River through the Beaver, Mahoning and Grand River Valleys to Lake Erie (H. Doc. 178, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). 2 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 4No commerce reported. 1 Inactive. 1931 price level. 958 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 8. BRADFORD, PA. Location. The city of Bradford is located at the junction of the East and West Branches of Tunungwant Creek in northern McKean County, northwestern Pennsylvania. It is situated in the well-known Bradford oilfield on a broad plain at the head on Tunungwant Creek, a tributary of the upper Allegheny River, in the maturely dissected northern part of the Kanawha section of the Appalachian province, approximately 159 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological charts for Bradford, Pa.-N. Y., Kinzua, Pa.-N. Y., and Salamanca, N. Y.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for increas- ing the channel capacity by deepening, lining and constructi.on of cutoffs in the existing channels. The extent of the plan involves improvements for Tunungwant Creek, East Branch, West Branch, and adjustment of the mouths and lower reaches of Foster Brook, Bolivar Run, and Kendall Creek. The project is designed to accom- modate discharges substantially greater than that of the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1955) is $8,650,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $2,070,000. Local cooperation. Specific requirements of local cooperation re- quired by the authorizing act are set forth in report of the Chief of Engineers published in Senate Document 20, 81st Congress, 1st ses- sion. A Bradford district flood control authority, composed of repre- sentatives of Bradford, McKean County, Borough of Lewis Run, and Foster, Bradford and Lafayette Townships, Pa., has been constituted under the laws of Pennsylvania to conduct flood control affairs for the Bradford area. This authority expects to provide the required local cooperation. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has been active in solving the flood problem existing at Bradford and has im- proved the lower portion of Tunungwant Creek, conforming to the project plan. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Advance planning continued throughout the year and consisted of completing a detailed design memorandum and contract plans and specifications for unit 1. Preparation of detailed design memorandum for unit 2 was continued. The total costs were $26,848, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. A general design memorandum for the project and contract plans and specifications for unit 1 are com- plete. Construction ,of the project has not been initiated. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $89,422. FLOOD CONTROI--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 959 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: _ Appropriated ...... __-.. ------------- $54, 000 $10, 000 $25, 000 $89, 000 Cost _ _------...---- __ _ 36, 029 26, 545 26, 848 1 89, 422 1Costs in excess of amount appropriated due to retroactive pay increase, fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -- $421 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------------- 499, 579 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------------------------- 8, 061, 000 9. TIONESTA RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Tionesta Creek, 1.25 miles above the junction of the creek with the Allegheny River at Tio- nesta, Pa., and about 78 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Forest County, Pa. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey charts for Tionesta, Tidioute, and Sheffield, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood control reservoir dam of the earthfill type with separate uncontrolled saddle spillway and tunnel outlet works. The dam is 1,050 feet long at the top, rises 154 feet above the stream bed, and provides for the gross storage of 133,400 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 478 square miles. Of this storage 125,600 acre-feet are avail- able for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The remaining 7,800 acre-feet are in permanent storage. The reservoir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $5,213,401. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $61,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and its appurtenances and to the operators' quarters and grounds. Torrential rain during October 15, 1954, from midmorning until early evening caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at 32.35 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., on the 16th and at 44.7 feet at Wheeling W. Va. (lock 12) on the 17th. The reduction made by this reservw at both Pittsburgh and Wheeling was 0.75 foot and in combiner with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 8.75 feet, and in cot tion with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 9.0 feet. * gheny River at Franklin, and locks 7 and 4 crested on . 363037-55-vol. 2- 61 960 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 15.8, 22.1 and 20.5 feet (upper gage) while the reductions were 2.1 feet, 1.2 feet and 0.65 foot, respectively. In combination with Mahon- ing Reservoir the reduction at lock 7 was 1.8 feet, and in combination with the Mahoning, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna and Conemaugh Reservoirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 7.8 feet. Flood stage and attendant minor flooding was averted at Franklin, Pa. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1,132.5 on the 17th or 47.5 feet above minimum pool, representing an impound- ment of 46,000 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 37 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Major direct flood control bene- fits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and along the lower 46 miles of the Allegheny River valley above Pittsburgh and were estimated as fol- lows: Pittsburgh damage district (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $8,447,000; Wheeling damage district (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $1,721,000; New Kensington damage district (mile 6.7 to mile 30.4, Allegheny River), $673,000; Kittanning damage district (mile 30.4 to mile 46.0, Alle- gheny River), $183,000. General moderate rains on December 28 and 29, 1954, over the Alle- gheny River basin augmented by a heavy thaw caused a minor rise in the Allegheny River during which 30,300 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 17.2 feet on the 30th, while the reduction by this reservoir in combination with the Mahoning, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna and Conemaugh Reser- voirs was 3.3 feet, averting suspension of navigation for one day. The Ohio River crested on the 31st at Pittsburgh at 24.9 feet and at Wheeling at 33.0 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pitts- burgh was 0.35 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 4.6; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.45 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 6.1 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 11/2 days. Mod- erate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $204,000; Wheeling damage district, $84,000. General heavy rain on March 1, 1955, caused a rise in the reservoir during which 26,200 acre-feet of water was stored. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 22.1 feet on the 2d while the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 2.8 feet, just averting flood stage. General heavy rain on March 4, 1955, over the Allegheny River Basin caused a minor rise in the Allegheny River during which 30,900 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 7 crested at 19.8 feet on the 4th,.while the reduction by his reservoir in combination with Mahoning Reservoir was 0.65 foot, verting suspension of navigation for one-half day. The Allegheny -yr at lock 4 crested at 18.2 feet on the 4th, while the reduction s reservoir in combination with the Mahoning, Crooked Creek, una, and Conemaugh Reservoirs Was 2.55 feet, averting sus- Snavigation for 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the burgh at 24.1 feet and at Wheeling at 35.8 feet. The FLOOD CONTROIr---PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 961 reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.45 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.4 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.55 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.4 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for two days. The water stored during this double-peak flood caused the reservoir to rise to the highest elevation during the year, elevation 1141.0 on the 6th, or 56.0 feet above minimum pool. This represents an impoundment of 60,000 acre-feet above that pool or about 48 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pitts- burgh and Wheeling and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $146,000; Wheeling damage district, $239,000. During the remainder of the year routine operations were made except on the occasion of 12 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Storage during minor rises on February 22 and March 22, 1955, in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation measures, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. Construction of a public access road to the reservoir was initiated. The total costs were $39,032, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete, and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Con- struction of the dam was started in May 1938 and completed in January 1941. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 3,040 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 349 acres. A master land use plan is complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: New work ------------------------------------------ $5, 189, 200 Operation and maintenance, general------------------------ 447, 742 Total--- ----------------------------------------- 5, 636, 942 Emergency Relief funds: New work-----------------------------24, 201 Total costs, all fundsfffffffffffffffffffffffff_ 5, 661, 143 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated --------- -$60, 000- 1$5, 213, 401 Cost----------------- _ 4, 412 $14, 407 5,213, 401 1----- Maintenance: Appropriated-- .....- _ 43, 800 32, 500 $56, 000 $50, 600 $37, 700 454, 800 Cost.---------- ------- 33, 904 42, 819 50, 971 51, 495 39, 032 447, 742 1 Includes $24,201 Emergency Relief funds. 962 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 10. EAST BRANCH, CLARION RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located in Elk County, Pa., on the East Branch of the Clarion River above Middle Fork, approximately 7 miles above the junction of the East and West Branches of the Clarion River at Johnsonburg, Pa., and approximately 151 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Elk County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Mount Jewett, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reservoir dam of the rolled earthfill type with gate-controlled concrete tunnel under right abutment and a paved uncontrolled spillway on the left abutment slope. The dam, 1,725 feet long at the top and rising 184 feet above the streambed, will provide for the gross controlled storage of 84,300 acre-feet, from a tributary drainage area of 72.5 square miles. Of the total storage, 83,300 acre-feet will be available for flood control and low water regulation purposes, in the Clarion River Valley below. The remaining 1,000 acre-feet will be in permanent storage. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Acts approved June 28, 1938, and December 22, 1944. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $9,003,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and mainte- nance is $34,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New workk: Engineering and design was continued during the year by hired labor and con- sisted of the preparation of contract plans and specifications for sur- facing a service road to the reservoir and for grouting the left abut- ment of the dam. Surfacing of the service road was accomplished by contract. Acquisition of land and related work was continued by hired labor. Operationand maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and its appurtenances and to the operators' quarters and grounds. Heavy rainfall during October 15, 1954, from midmorning until early evening over the upper Clarion River Basin produced a moder- ate rise in the reservoir during which 2,700 acre-feet of water was stored. Nuisance flooding was caused in the west end section of John- sonburg, Pa., by the west branch, and at Ridgway, Pa. by the Clarion River. The Clarion River crested on the 16th, at Johnsonburg, at 5.2 feet and at Ridgway at 7.5 feet. The reductions by this reservoir at Johnsonburg and Ridgway were 1.4 feet and 0.6 foot, respectively. Light direct flood control benefits were achieved along the upper Clarion River valley and were estimated as follows: Johnsonburg damage district, $5,500; Ridgway damage district, $3,200. Heavy rain early on March 1, 1955, over the upper Clarion River Basin caused nuisance flooding at Ridgway. The Clarion River FLOOD CONTROI-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 963 crested in the afternoon of the 1st at Johnsonburg at 5.4 feet and at Ridgway at 6.4 feet, while the reductions by this reservoir were 1.1 feet and 0.95 foot, respectively. Light flooding was averted at both Johnsonburg and Ridgway. Heavy rain again early on the 4th over the upper Clarion River Basin caused a recurrence of nuisance flood- ing at Ridgway. The Clarion River crested in the late morning of the 4th at Johnsonburg at 5.55 feet and at Ridgway at 6.7 feet, while the reductions were 1.0 and 0.75 foot, respectively. Light flooding was again averted at both Johnsonburg and Ridgway. The water stored during this double-peak flood caused the rise to elevation 1661.8 on the 7th or 8.9 feet above the low water storage guide curve for this date. This represents an impoundment of 9,000 acre-feet above sched- ule or about 24 percent of the usable flood storage capacity of the reservoir for this date. Light direct flood control benefits were achieved along the upper Clarion River valley and were estimated as follows: Johnsonburg damage district, on the 1st $1,100, on the 4th $5,100; Ridgway damage district, on the 1st $1,000, on the 4th, $3,300. The outflow was increased during December 6-7, 1954, and again on December 20-23 to break up critical ice conditions and improve the flow along the upper Clarion River during periods of subzero air tem- peratures in the basin. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made in accordance with the low water schedule for maintaining satisfactory flows in the upper Clarion River, except on the occasion of 13 minor rises when water was stored, with the excess above normal schedule storage being released as river conditions per- mitted. During routine low water storage in the spring season, the reservoir reached the highest elevation during the year, elevation 1669.4 on May 15, 1955, 0.6 foot or 700 acre-feet short of scheduled summer pool. This is the first year in the 3 years of operation in ac- cordance with the complete low water storage schedule that summer pool was not attained. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation measures, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were initiated and underway. The total costs were $57,914, of which $28,037 was for new work and $29,877 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The opencut excavation for the outlet works was started June 1947 and completed May 1948. Con- struction of the outlet works commenced June 8, 1948, and acceptance of the work was made May 29, 1951. A contract for furnishing op- erating equipment and its installation in the control tower of the outlet works is complete. Construction of the embankment and spill- way was initiated July 20, 1949, and was accepted as complete July 17, 1952. Reservoir clearing was completed July 3, 1952. Construc- tion of the operators' quarters, permanent warehousing, utilities and parking area by contract was initiated March 10, 1953, and was ac- cepted as complete November 25, 1953. Landscaping and general cleanup is complete. Land acquisition and related work is approxi- mately 98 percent complete. The total acreage involved has been ac- quired and consists of 1,252 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 820 acres. The dam was placed in operation during June 1952, 964 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 for flood control and streamflow regulation (water supply and pollu- tion abatement). Work remaining to be done consists of acquisition of land and grouting the left abutment of the dam. The total costs at the end of the fiscal year were $9,027,341, of which $8,942,330 was for new work and $85,011 for operation and mainte- nance, general. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... $1,300,000 $2,000,000 $313,900 -$14, 232 $14, 232 $9, 002, 500 Cost- ..--- ----------- 2, 735, 182 2, 398, 327 150, 012 174, 915 28, 037 8, 942, 330 Maintenance: Appropriated--------------------.. ........ 8, 500 18, 000 28, 900 29, 700 85, 100 Cost _ -...- 2, 968 20, 451 31, 715 29, 877 85, 011 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $60, 170 Unobligated blances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------------- 60, 170 11. JOHNSONBURG, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The city of Johnsonburg is located at the confluence of the East and West Branches of Clarion River in Elk County, Pa., about 100 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Ridgway, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- titon of dikes, walls, and appurtenant drainage facilities, primarily along the right bank of the West Branch of Clarion River, and im- provement of the channel of the West Branch and Silver Creek. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1944. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1955) is $750,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $130,000. Local cooperation. Requirements for unit 1 have been fulfilled. Re- quirements for the remainder of the project will be furnished in the near future. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engineering and design was continued and consisted of preparation of contract plans and specifications for the West Branch and Silver Creek channel improvements. A contract was awarded and construction underway on the levee floodwall system for west Johnsonburg. Construction operations consisted of initiation of stripping, clearing and grubbing, installation of draining facilities, placing concrete for the floodwall and placement of rolled fill for the levee. The total costs were $147,986, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the levee floodwall system for west Johnsonburg (unit 1) was initiated by contract on FLOOD CONTROL---PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 965 November 10, 1954, and is about 42 percent complete. Contract plans and specifications for units 2 and 3 (West Branch and Silver Creek channel improvement) are complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $201,836. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .....---------.- $4, 000 -$700 - . $30, 000 $300, 000 $353, 851 Cost------------------15, 035 2, 642 _29, 999 147, 986 201, 836 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $15, 716 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- 396, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______-________------- 411, 716 12. REYNOLDSVILLE, PA. Location. The borough of Reynoldsville is located in the east cen- tral part of Jefferson County, western Pennsylvania, one Sandy Lick Creek about 10 miles above its junction with Redbank Creek, a tribu- tary of the Allegheny River. (See U. S. Geological Survey Chart for DuBois, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for deepen- ing, widening, and streamlining the channel of Sandy Lick Creek through the borough. The stream banks would be protected by seed- ing with grass except at transitions in the vicinity of bridges where dumped rock will be provided, and special treatment at bridge founda- tions. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1955) is $615,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $23,000. Local cooperation. Specific requirements of local cooperation re- quired by the authorization act are set forth in report of the Chief of Engineers published in House Document 716, 81st Congress, 2d session. Preliminary assurances of local cooperation have been fur- nished by the cooperating agency. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Conditionat end of fiscal year. No work has been performed on the project. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--... $37, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 37, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pi stion of existing project- .. -- ___-_______ _-------------578, 000 966 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 13. PUNXSUTAWNEY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The borough of Punxsutawney is located on Mahoning Creek in Jefferson County, Pa., approximately 85 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is situated on a comparatively wide, alluvial flood plain about 52 miles above the mouth of the stream and 30 miles above the Mahoning Creek flood control dam. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Punxsutawney and Smicksburg, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists principally of deepening, widening, and straightening the creek channel for a distance of approximately 18,838 feet, and complementing this with approximately 10,352 feet of rolled fill dikes, 2,627 feet of walls, 700 feet of pressure conduit for Barrett Run, and internal drainage facili- ties including a pumping station and flush house. The project is designed to accommodate discharges 20 percent greater than that of the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Federal cost of new work (1955) for the completed project is $3,586,107; the non-Federal cost is $180,485. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Plans and specifications for remedial work for the Barrett Run conduit were completed and the work accomplished by contract. Operation and maintenance, general : Routine inspections were made throughout the year. The total costs were $6,029, of which $5,030 was for new work and $999 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Construc- tion was accomplished by units consisting of units 1, 2, 2A, and 2B. Construction of unit 1, involving 10,200 linear feet of improvement was started in May 1946 and was completed in May 1947. Unit 2 (initial work), consisting of relocation of sewers and construction of the Barrett Run conduit, was started in December 1947 and was com- pleted in August 1948. Unit 2A, involving 4,400 linear feet of im- provement was started in April 1948 and was completed in April 1949. Unit 2B, involving 4,225 linear feet of improvement, was started in February 1949 and was completed in June 1950. Relocations are complete. Acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage in- volved in unit 1 consists of perpetual easements over 49.7 acres and temporary easements over 18.9 acres. The total acreage involved in unit 2 consists of perpetual easements over 47.8 acres and temporary easements over 1.9 acres. On July 31, 1950, the borough of Punxsu- tawney formally accepted the complete project and assumed the responsibility for maintenance and operation. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,597,207, of which $3,586,107 was for new work and $11,100 for operation and mainte- nance, general. In addition, $180,485 was expended from contributed funds. FLOOD CONTROr--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 967 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated......... -$150, 000 ------------ -$7, 800 -$7, 000 $944 1 $3, 586, 107 Cost.............------------------. 33, 690 $19, 361 -9, 409 707 5,030 13, 586, 107 Maintenance: Appropriated......... 14, 000 3, 000 -8, 000 1, 400 700 11, 100 Cost---- 1, 971 5, 750 505 1, 875 999 11, 100 1 In addition $180,485 for new work was expended from contributed funds. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . . . .30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.. ....--------- ...--------- -$30, 000 1 -$18, 297 . . $180, 485 Cost ------------.------------------------ $11,403 .------------------------ 180,485 1 Refund of the unexpended balance of $18,297 to the borough of Punxsutawney, Punxsutawney, Pa. 14. MAHONING CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Mahoning Creek in Armstrong County, Pa., 21.6 miles above the junction of the creek with the Alle- gheny River. It is about 61/2 miles southeast of New Bethlehem, Pa.; and about 51 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located in Armstrong, Ind., and Jefferson Counties, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Rural Valley and Smicksburg, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood control reservoir dam of the concrete gravity type with a gate-con- trolled center spillway flanked by abutment sections joining the valley sides. The dam is 926 feet long at the top, rises 162 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 74,200 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 339 square miles. Of this storage 69,700 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The remaining 4,500 acre-feet are in permanent storage. Two penstocks are con- tained in the structure for possible future generation of hydroelectric power. The reservoir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the com- pleted project is $6,421,345. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $47,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance general: The reservoir was operated for flood control, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarter and grounds throughout the year. Torrential rain during October 15, 1954, from midmorning until 968 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 early evening caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at 32.35 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., on the 16th and at 44.7 feet at Wheeling, W. V. (lock 12) on the 17th. The reduction made by this reservoir at both Pittsburgh and Wheeling was 0.4 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 8.75 feet, and in combi- nation with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 9.0 feet. The Alle- gheny River at locks 7 and 4 crested on the 16th at 22.1 and 20.5 feet (upper gage) while the reductions were 0.6 foot and 0.4 foot, respec- tively. In combination with Tionesta Reservoir, the reduction at lock 7 was 1.8 feet, and in combination with the Tionesta, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna and Conemaugh Reservoirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 7.8 feet. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1,129.0 on the 17th or 54.0 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 21,000 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 30 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Major direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and along the lower 46 miles of the Allegheny River valley above Pittsburgh and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district (lock 2, Allegheny River, and lock 2, Monongahela River, to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $4,518,000; Wheeling damage district (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $993,000; New Kensington damage district (mile 6.7 to mile 30.4, Allegheny River), $414,000; Kittanning damage, district (mile 30.4 to mile 46, Allegheny River), $92,000. General moderate rains on December 28 and 29, 1954, over the Alle- gheny River Basin augmented by a heavy thaw caused a minor rise in the Allegheny River. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 17.2 feet on the 30th, while the reduction by this reservoir in combination with the Tionesta, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna, and Conemaugh Reservoirs was 3.3 feet, averting suspension of navigation for 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the 31st, at Pittsburgh at 24.9 feet and at Wheeling at 33.0 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pitts- burgh was 0.3 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 4.6 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.4 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 6.1 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 11/2 days. The water stored during this flood caused the.reservoir to rise to the highest elevation during the year, elevation 1,131.4 on January 1, 1955, or 56.4 feet above minimum pool. This represents an impound- ment of 28,200 acre-feet above the pool or about 33 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Moderate direct flood control bene- fits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $174,000; Wheeling damage district, $75,000. Moderate rain on March 1, 1955, caused a rise in the reservoir during which 6,300 acre-feet of water was stored. The Ohio River at Pitts- burgh crested at 22.1 feet on the 2d while the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 2.8 feet, just averting flood stage. General heavy rain on March 4, 1955, over the Allegheny River basin caused a minor rise in the Allegheny River during which 14,600 acre- FLOOD CONTROI--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 969 feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 7 crested at 19.8 feet on the 4th, while the reduction by this reser- voir in combination with Tionesta Reservoir was 0.65 foot, averting suspension of navigation for one-half day. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 18.2 feet on the 4th, while the reduction by this reser- voir in combination with the Tionesta, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna, and Conemaugh Reservoirs was 2.55 feet, averting suspension of navi- gation for 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the 5th, at Pittsburgh at 24.1 feet and at Wheeling at 35.8 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.25 foot and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.4 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.3 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.4 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 2 days. The water stored during this double-peak flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1131.2 on the 7th or 56.2 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 23,100 acre-feet above that pool or about 33 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh Damage District, $82,000; Wheeling Damage District, $130,000. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made except on the occasion of 15 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor rise on February 22-23, 1955, and a series of minor rises on March 21-23, 1955, in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation measures, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The total costs were $28,659, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley generally. Construction of the dam was started in February 1939, and com- pleted in June 1941. All work in connection with relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 2,533.49 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 76.89 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation New work and mainte- Total nance, general Regular-------------------..............................-------------------------------........... $6, 395, 674 $368, 603 $6, 764, 277 Emergency Relief ...----------..................................---. 25, 671 ------------- 25, 671 Total-............-------..............-----...........----------------------------- 6, 421, 345 368, 603 6, 789, 948 970 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------......... -$62, 609------ ------------------------------------ 1 $6, 421, 345 Cost.----------------- 629 16,421, 345 Maintenance: ........-- Appropriated------- 25, 000 $36, 000 $21, 000 $36, 300 $27, 300 368, 600 Cost--------------- -- 21,097 31, 145 26, 950 38, 969 28, 659 2 368, 603 1 Includes $25,671 Emergency Relief funds. 2 Costs in excess of amount appropriated due to retroactive pay increase, fiscal year 1955. 15. CROOKED CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Crooked Creek 6.7 miles above the junction of the creek with the Allegheny River near Ford City, Pa., and about 32 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Armstrong County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Freeport and Elders Ridge, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood control reservoir dam of the earthfill type with separate uncontrolled saddle spillway and tunnel outlet works. The dam is 1,480 feet long at the top, rises 143 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross storage of 93,900 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 277 square miles. Of this storage 89,400 acre-feet are avail- able for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The remaining 4,500 acre-feet are in permanent storage. The reservoir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts ap- proved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $4,204,888. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $37,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and mainte- nance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and its appurtenances and to operators' quarters and grounds. Torrential rain during October 15, 1954, from midmorning until early evening caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at 32.35 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., on the 16th and at 44.7 feet at Wheeling, W. Va. (lock 12) on the 17th. The reduction made by this reservoir at both Pittsburgh and Wheeling was 0.85 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 8.75 feet, and in combi- nation with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 9.0 feet. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested on the 16th at 20.5 feet (upper gage) while the reduction was 0.9 foot. In combination with the Tionesta, Mahoning, Loyalhanna, and Conemaugh Reservoirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 7.8 feet. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to the highest elevation during the year, elevation 891.2 on the 17th or 51.2 feet above minimum pool. This represents FLOOD CONTROL---PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 971 an impoundment of 42,400 acre-feet above that pool or about 47 per- cent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Major direct flood con- trol benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling, and along the lower Allegheny River valley, and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district (lock 2, Allegheny River, and lock 2, Monongahela River, to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $9,527,000; Wheeling damage district (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River) $1,963,000; New Kensington dam- age district (mile 6.7 to mile 30.4, Allegheny River), $940,000. General moderate rains on December 28 and 29, 1954, over the Allegheny River Basin augmented by a heavy thaw caused a minor rise in the Allegheny River during which 13,400 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 17.2 feet on the 30th, while the reduction by this reservoir in combination with the Tionesta, Mahoning, Loyalhanna, and Cone- maugh Reservoirs was 3.3 feet, averting suspension of navigation for 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the 31st, at Pittsburgh at 24.9 feet and at Wheeling at 33.0 feet. The reduction made by this reser- voir at Pittsburgh was 0.3 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 4.6 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.4 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling was 6.1 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 11/2 days. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pitts- burgh and Wheeling and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $174,000; Wheeling damage district, $75,000. General heavy rain early on March 4, 1955, over the Allegheny River basin caused a minor rise in the Allegheny River during which 8,800 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 18.2 feet on the 4th, while the reduction by this reservoir in combination with the Tionesta, Mahoning, Loyal- hanna, and Conemaugh Reservoirs was 2.55 feet, averting suspension of navigation for 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the 5th at Pittsburgh at 24.1 feet and at Wheeling at 35.8 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.15 foot, and in combina- tion with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.4 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.2 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.4 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for two days. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and were estimated as fol- lows: Pittsburgh damage district, $49,000; Wheeling damage district, $86,000. The outlet works were closed during July 13-30, 1954, in order to make necessary repairs to vertical lift gates and needle valves. The leakage during this period was sufficient to satisfy the needs below the dam. The reservoir pool was dropped and held several feet below minimum pool during April 17-20, 1955, to permit a utility company to investigate conditions on their gas pipeline in the pool area. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made ex- cept on the occasion of 20 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor 972 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 rise on Feburary 7, 1955, in conjunction with storage in the Tygart, Youghiogheny, Conemaugh, and Loyalhanna Reservoirs prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Storage during minor rises on February 22-23 and March 21-22, 1955, in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh again prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool lianit. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising 'sanitation measures, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of certain public use facilities were continued. The total costs were $26,286, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in March 1938, and completed in October 1940. All work relative to the relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 3,563.55 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 99.98 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation New work and mainte- Total nance, general Regular...-----................------------------------------------------- $4, 141, 000 $419,815 $4, 560, 915 Emergency Relief-----.................---------------------------------- 63, 788 -------------- 63, 788 Total-------...........................................-----------------------------------.. 4, 204, 888 419, 815 4, 624, 703 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ...--------- ---- . ............-------------------------------- ------------ $4, 204, 888 Cost....----------------- $27, 381 ------------------------------------------- 4, 204, 888 Maintenance: Appropriated -........ 36, 500 $27, 500 $24, 500 $21, 200 $23, 200 419, 900 Cost-----------------.. 32, 848 25,464 29, 226 24,823 26, 286 419, 815 I Includes $63,788 from Emergency Relief funds. 16. JOHNSTOWN, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The city of Johnstown is located in southwestern Cam- bria County, Pa., approximately 58 miles east of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is situated in a deep and comparatively narrow valley at the junction of Stony Creek and Little Conemaugh River, which unite to form the Conemaugh River. (See U. S. Geological Survey Chart for Johnstown, Pa.) FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 973 Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for increas- ing the channel capacity by enlarging and realining the existing chan- nels and protecting the banks with concrete pavement. Miscellaneous features of work include relocation of railroad tracks, highway and utilities, and alterations to sewers, drains, bridge piers, and other structures. The improvement involves about 46,290 feet of channel as follows: The Conemaugh River for a distance of 19,270 feet ex- tending from the "Point" downstream to about 2,650 feet below the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge at Dornick Point; the Little Cone- .maugh River for a distance of 6,950 feet from the "Point" upstream to about 150 feet below the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge in the vicinity of Fifth Street; and Stony Creek for a distance of 20,700 feet from the "Point" upstream to about 500 feet above the Ferndale Bridge in the vicinity of the borough of Ferndale. The project is designed to accommodate discharges equivalent to those of the March 1936, flood, the maximum natural flow of record, with a minimum of overbank flow and to practically eliminate damages therefrom. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts, approved June 22, 1936, and August 28, 1937. The cost of the completed project is $8,865,388. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $14,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and mainte- nance, general: Routine inspections were made throughout the year. Stream-gaging activities were performed by hired labor. Wood hand- rail was replaced by hired labor. Joint filler was replaced in the con- crete slope paying by contract. The costs were $15,888, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The improved channels are fully complete. Construction was accomplished by units, consisting of units 1, 2, 3, and supplementary unit 2A, all in the Conemaugh River sec- tion; unit 4, comprising the Little Conemaugh River section; and units 5 and 6 comprising the Stony Creek section. Construction of the project commenced in August 1938 and was completed in Novem- ber 1943. Footer protection for unit 4 was completed November 1949. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 0.60 acre in fee simple and flowage easements over 397.16 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation New work and mainte- Total nance, general Regular- .. . . . . . . . . ..------------------------------------ - $8, 831, 965 $151, 675 $8, 983, 640 Emergency Relief --------------------------- 33, 423 - -_ 33, 423 Total-------- ----------------------------------.............. 8, 865, 388 151, 675 9, 017, 063 974 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------........----...--.......... - ---- ..-------...--------------------- 1 $8, 865, 388 Cost-------- -- -------------------- ----------------------------------- 18,865,388 Maintenance: - Appropriated- .... . $4, 000 $5, 500 $27, 800 $26, 500 $500 151, 700 Cost....----------------- 1,360 7, 967 20, 044 21, 303 15,888 151, 675 1 Includes $33,423 from Emergency Relief funds. 17. CONEMAUGH RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on the Conemaugh River in Indi- ana and Westmoreland Counties, Pa., 7.5 miles above the junction of Conemaugh River and Loyalhanna Creek, which form the head of Kiskiminetas River. It is about 2 miles northeast of Tunnelton, Pa., and about 42 miles east of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located in Westmoreland and Indiana Counties, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Latrobe, New Florence, and Elders Ridge, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood control reservoir dam of the concrete gravity type with a gate-con- trolled center spillway flanked by abutment sections joining the valley sides and an earth embankment terminating in the right abutment. The dam, 1,265 feet long at the top and rising 137 feet above the streambed, will provide for the gross controlled storage of 274,000 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 1,351 square miles. Of this storage, 270,000 acre-feet will be available for flood control purposes. The remaining 4,000 acre-feet will be in permanent storage. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Con- trol Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The estimated cost for new work (1955) is $45,820,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $48,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engineering and design work were continued during the year. Relocation of high- ways in the reservoir area continued under agreement with the Com- monwealth of Pennsylvania. In connection with railroad relocations, an agreement was entered into with the Pennsylvania Railroad with respect to their facilities at Strangford, Pa. Several utility reloca- tions were completed and agreements entered into with the Borough of Blairsville, Pa., and Burrell Township regarding sewer alterations. Stabilization of the left abutment bank was accomplished by con- tract. Cleanup of the reservoir area was completed by hired labor. Land acquisition, surface and subsurface was continued. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively for flood control as required and necessary repairs made FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 975 to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds through- out the year. Torrential rain during October 15, 1954, from midmorning until early evening caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at 32.35 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., on the 16th and at 44.7 feet at Wheeling, W. Va. (lock 12) on the 17th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 3.45 feet, and in combination with the other 7 res- ervoirs above Pittsburgh 8.75 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 3.5 feet, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 9.0 feet. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested on the 16th at 20.5 feet (upper gage) while the reduction was 4.35 feet. In combination with the Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Loyalhanna Reser- voirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 7.8 feet. The Kiskiminitas River at Vandergrift, Pa., crested at 13.65 feet on the 15th with a secondary crest rise on the 19th at 17.6 feet from release of flood storage from Loyalhanna and Conemaugh Reservoirs. The reduction by this res- ervoir was 11.4 feet and in combination with Loyalhanna Reservoir 15.0 feet, averting a major flood. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to the highest elevation during the year, elevation 949.7 on the 17th or 69.7 feet above minimum pool. This elevation is also the highest of record for the 3 years of operation. This represents an impoundment of 131,500 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 49 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. The reduction by this reservoir in combination with the other reservoirs above Pittsburgh averted a catastrophic flood, the highest since March 1936 flood and equal to the second highest of a 200-year historic rec- ord. Major direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reser- voir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheel- ing; along the lower Allegheny River valley and along the entire course of the Kiskiminitas River from Saltsburg, Pa., to the mouth and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $38,699,000; Wheeling damage district (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $8,581,000; New Kensington damage district (mile 6.7 to mile 30.4 Allegheny River), $4,524,000; Kiskiminitas damage district (mouth to Saltsburg), $940,000. General moderate rains on December 28 and 29, 1954, over the Alle- gheny River Basin augmented by a heavy thaw caused a minor rise in the Allegheny River during which 77,800 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 17.2 feet on the 30th while the reduction by this reservoir in combina- tion with the Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Loyalhanna Reservoirs was 3.3 feet, averting suspension of navigation for 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the 31st at Pittsburgh at 24.9 feet and at Wheeling at 33.0 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pitts- burgh was 1.8 feet, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 4.6 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 2.3 feet, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 6.1 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 11/2 days. Major direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling 363037-55-vol. 2-62 976 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $1,051,- 000; Wheeling damage district, $426,000. General heavy rain on March 1, 1955, caused a rise in the reservoir during which 43,900 acre-feet of water was stored. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 22.1 feet on the 2d while the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 2.8 feet, just averting flood stage. General heavy rain on March 4, 1955, over the Allegheny River Basin caused a minor rise in the Allegheny River during which 74,600 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 18.2 feet on the 4th, while the reduction by this reservoir in combination with the Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Loyalhanna Reservoirs was 2.55 feet, averting suspension of navigation for 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the 5th, at Pitts- burgh at 24.1 feet and at Wheeling at 35.8 feet. The reduction made by this'reservoir at Pittsburgh was 1.4 feet, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.4 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 1.7 feet, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 4.4 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for two days. The water stored during this double-peak flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 945.5 on the 6th or 65.5 feet above minimum pool representing an impoundment of 114,400 acre- feet above that pool or about 42 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Major direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $455,000; Wheeling damage district, $739,000. All outlet works were closed during September 7-11, 1954, while necessary repair work was being done to the stilling basin and minor repair work to the downstream face of the dam. During October 26-November 4, the reservoir was drawn down and maintained sev- eral feet below minimum pool in order to remove and subsequently burn the debris which had collected in the upper reach of pool and against the trash boom during the October 16 flood. During Novem- ber 11-15, the reservoir pool was drawn down to its lowest possible level and maintained at optimum minimum level until December 29. On November 15, work was commenced by a contractor for the re- moval of slide material and the placement of rock protection along the upstream side of the east abutment of the dam. During December 29, 1954, through January 10, 1955, work was suspended since it was necessary to utilize the flood control storage for downstream flood reductions. The reservoir was again drawn down and held below minimum pool between January 10-26, 1955. On January 26, work was sufficiently completed to permit a return to minimum pool level. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made ex- cept on the occasion of 23 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor rise on February 6-7, 1955, in conjunction with storage in the Tygart, Youghiogheny, Crooked Creek and Loyalhanna Reservoirs prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Storage during a minor rise on February 22-23 and a series of minor rises on March 21-23 in conjunction with storage in the other seven reservoirs FLOOD CONTROL---PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 977 above Pittsburgh again prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation, conservation, land management, and operation and main- tenance of public use facilities were initiated and under way. The costs during the year were $609,365, of which $573,595 was for new work and $35,770 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and ap- purtenant work was commenced by contract April 25, 1949, and ac- cepted as complete December 31, 1952. Drilling and grouting the foundation of the dam by contract commenced June 4, 1952, and was completed January 14, 1953. Clearing the reservoir area of float- able material is complete. Contracts to furnish and erect 2 gantry cranes and 14 crest gates were commenced November 16 and Decem- ber 9, 1951, and were completed August 6, 1953, and September 4, 1953, respectively. Construction by contract of operators' quarters, storage building and public sanitary building was commenced No- vember 22, 1952, and completed July 21, 1953. Construction of the dike in the vicinity of Blairsville was started August 1, 1953, and completed January 28, 1954. Relocation of the main line of the Conemaugh division of the Pennsylvania Railroad was started by contract April 1946, and was accepted by the railroad September 19, 1950. Removal of old track, bridge superstructures, etc., from the relocated main line of the Penn- sylvania Railroad was completed May 29, 1951. Utilities affected by the railroad relocation are all complete. Relocation of the Indiana branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad at Blacklick, Pa., was com- menced December 16, 1951, and completed November 20, 1952. Work under agreement with the Pennsylvania Railroad providing for con- struction or alteration to its facilities is complete. All work being performed under an agreement with the Common- wealth of Pennsylvania providing for relocation or alteration to high- ways is essentially complete. Work under agreement for relocation or alteration to township roads is complete. Negotiations with vari- ous owning agencies relative to utility relocations in the reservoir area are complete, and the work in progress. Land acquisition and related work is proceeding satisfactorily and is about 98 percent complete. The total acreage involved for the railroad relocation is 1,334 acres and consists of 1,331 acres in fee and easements over 3 acres. Total tracts involved are 114, all of which have been acquired. The total acreage involved for the dam and reservoir is 7,401 acres and consists of 7,004 acres in fee and easements over 397 acres. The total tracts involved are 927, of which 909 have been acquired. Work remaining for completion of the project is as follows: En- gineering and design and acquisition of land and related work by hired labor; relocation or alteration to utilities in the reservoir area and construction of an access road to the left abutment of the dam. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $45,274,657, of which $45,179,618 was for new work and $95,039 for operation and maintenance, general. The above-mentioned costs include $5,351 from Emergency Relief funds. 978 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ....... $8, 453, 400 $9, 500, 000 $1, 580, 000 -$264, 922 -$164, 000 1 $45, 819, 770, Cost----------- ............----.. 8, 255, 348 6, 074, 853 3, 480, 921 2, 754, 824 573, 595 145, 179, 618 Maintenance: Appropriated...... __-----------... ------------ 24, 000 36, 100 35, 600 95, 700 Cost_ _-__-_____ __ _ ------------- ---------- 17, 553 41, 716 35, 770 95, 039 1 Includes $5,351 from Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data; Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $255, 996 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ ---------------------------------------- 255, 996 18. LOYALHANNA RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Loyalhanna Creek, 4.5 miles above the junction of the creek with the Conemaugh River at Salts- burg, Pa., and about 29 miles east of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Westmoreland County, Pa. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey chart for Latrobe, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood control reservoir dam of the concrete gravity type with a gate con- trolled center spillway flanked by abutment sections joining the val- ley sides, and an earth embankment section terminating in the left abutment. The dam, 960 feet long at the top, rises 114 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 95,300 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 290 square miles. Of this storage 93,300 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The remaining 2,000 acre-feet are in permanent storage. One penstock is contained in the structure for possible future generation of hydroelectric power. The reservoir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, gener- ally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the com- pleted project is $5,452,862. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $40,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated for flood control, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the oper- ators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. Torrential rain during October 15, 1954, from midmorning until early evening, caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at 32.35 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., on the 16th and at 44.7 feet at Wheeling, W. Va. (lock 12) on the 17th. The reduction made by this reservoir at both Pittsburgh and Wheeling was 1.2 feet, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 8.75 feet, and in combi- nation with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 9.0 feet. The Al- FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 979 legheny River at lock 4 crested on the 16th at 20.5 feet (upper gage) while the reduction was 1.5 feet. In combination with the Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Conemaugh Reservoirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 7.8 feet. The Kiskiminitas River at Vandergrift crested at 13.65 feet on the 15th with a secondary crest rise on the 19th at 17..6 feet from release of flood storage from Loyalhanna and Cone- maugh Reservoirs. The reduction by this reservoir was 3.6 feet and in combination with Conemaugh Reservoir was 15.0 feet, averting a major flood. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to the highest elevation during the year, elevation 956.0 on the 17th or 46.0 feet above minimum pool. This represents an im- poundment of 44,200 acre-feet above that pool or about 47 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Major direct flood control bene- fits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling, along the lower Allegheny River valley and along the entire course of the Kiskiminitas River from Saltsburg to the mouth and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $13,456,000; Wheeling damage dis- trict (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $2,934,000; New Kensing- ton damage district (mile 6.7 to mile 30.4, Allegheny River), $1,556,- t000; Kiskiminitas damage district (mouth to Saltsburg), $297,000. General moderate rains on December 28 and 29, 1954, over the Alle- gheny River Basin augmented by a heavy thaw.caused a minor rise m the Allegheny River during which 15,800 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 17.2 feet on the 30th while the reduction by this reservoir in combination with the Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Conemaugh Reser- voirs was 3.3 feet, averting suspension of navigation fot 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the 31st at Pittsburgh at 24.9 feet and at Wheel- ing at 33.0 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.4 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 4.6 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.5 foot and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 6.1 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 11/2 days. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $233,000; Wheeling damage district, $93,000. General heavy rain on March 1, 1955, caused a rise in the reservoir during which 9,400 acre-feet of water was stored. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 22.1 on the 2d while the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 2.8 feet, just averting flood stage. General heavy rain on March 4, 1955, over the Allegheny River Basin caused a minor rise in the Allegheny River during which 21,000 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 18.2 feet on the 4th, while the reduction by this reservoir in combination with the Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Conemaugh Reservoirs was 2.55 feet, averting suspension of navigation for 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the 5th at Pitts- burgh at 24.1 feet and at Wheeling at 35.8 feet. The reduction made 980 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.35 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.4 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.4 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling was 4.4 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 2 days. The water stored during this double-peak flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 947.7 on the 7th or 37.7 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 29,500 acre- feet above that pool or about 32 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage dis- trict, $114,000; Wheeling damage district, $174,000. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made except on the occasion of 22 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor rise on February 6-7, 1955, in conjunction with storage in the Tygart, Youghiogheny, Crooked Creek, and Conemaugh Reservoirs prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Storage during a minor rise on February 22-23, 1955, and a series of minor rises on March 21-22, 1955, in conjunction with storage in the other seven reservoirs above Pittsburgh again prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Activities under reservoir management program comprising sani- tation, conservatiorf, land management, and operation and mainte- nance of public-use facilities were continued. The total costs were $26,802, all for operation and maintenance. Conditionsat end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reser- voir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in October 1939 and completed in June 1942. All work relative to relocations and the acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage acquired consists of 3,415.12 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 79.84 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation New work and mainte- Total nance, general Regular-------.----- -------------------------------------- $5, 445, 523 $401,749 $5,847, 272 Emergency Relief...... ---------------------------------------- 7, 339 ---- 57,339 Total-................................................... 5, 452, 862 401,749 5, 854, 611 FLOOD CONTROI--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 981 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated- . --. -. -$17, 101 ----- ------------------------------------- $5, 452, 862 Cost-------------------- 89 - ----------- -- 1------------------ '5,452,862 Maintenance: Appropriated - _ 27, 000 $24, 500 $26, 500 $22, 300 $25, 900 401,900 Cost ..------ .---------41, 679 26,382 29,155 26,709 26, 802 401,749 1 Includes $7,339 from Emergency Relief funds. 19. ELKINS, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The city of Elkins is located on the Tygart River in north central Randolph County, W. Va., approximately 155 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is situated at the downstream end of a long,, broad reach of the upper Tygart Valley, approximately 75 miles above the mouth of the river. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Elkins, W. Va.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for divert- ing flood discharges from the upstream arm of the loop of the natural river channel into an artificial cutoff channel, thereby bypassing the city of Elkins. The improvement consists of a fully impervious rolled-earth upstream diversion dike, approximately 1,250 feet long; a diversion or cutoff channel, approximately 1,600 feet long, 140 feet wide and 15 feet deep; a downstream protection dike, approximately 2,500 feet long; controlled inlet and outlet conduits through the dikes; a pondage basin within the protected area to store storm runoff during diversion periods; and an incidental pondage basin upstream from the diversion dike to aid low water flow. The structures of the project will be adequate to provide complete protection of Elkins against the maximum flood of reasonable expectancy. The existing project was authorized by the Flood control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Federal cost of the completed project is $1,772,627; non-Federal cost $40,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and mainte- nance, general: Stream gaging, channel maintenance, and routine inspections were performed during the year by hired labor. The total costs were $1,577, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the flood pro- tection works was commenced in May 1946 and completed in May 1949.. The project, except that portion of channel maintained by the Federal Government, has been operated and maintained by the City of Elkins since March 31, 1949. All work in connection with relocations is complete. Land acquisition and related work is com- plete. The total acreage involved consists of 43.19 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 526.04 acres. 982 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The total costs to the end lof the fiscal year were $1,784,305, of which $1,772,627 was for new work and $11,678 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: ..... Appropriated --------- $17, 609 .________-__ $6,051 -$1, 073 ........... $1, 772, 627 Cost--_-_---------11,495 $27,032 13,711 2,867-1,772,627 Maintenance: Appropriated .---------... 2,000 500 1, 500 2, 600 $1,100 11, 700 Cost .. _-_-... -_-_-_2, 901 957 1, 313 4, 446 1, 577 11,678 20. UNIONTOWN, PA. Location. The city of Uniontown is located on Redstone Creek in Fayette County, southwestern Pennsylvania, approximately 50 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Uniontown, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel improvements by widening and deepening with some realine- ment of Redstone Creek and Coal Lick Run. The stream banks and improvements thereon would be protected by slope paving and walls locally where necessary. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1955) is $1,540,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $250,000. Local cooperation. Specific requirements of local cooperation re- quired by the authorizing act are set forth in report of the Chief of Engineers published in House Document 301, 80th Congress, 1st ses- sion. Informal assurances of local cooperation have been received from the city council of the city of Uniontown. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been performed on the project. 21. YOUGHIOGHENY RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on the Youghiogheny River about 74.2 miles above its junction with the Monongahela River at McKeesport, Pa. It is 1.2 miles upstream from Confluence, Pa., and about 57 miles southeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located in Fayette and Somerset Counties, Pa., and Garrett County, Md. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Confluence, Pa., Accident, Md., West Virginia, and Pennsylvania.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reser- voir dam of the rolled earthfill type with separate uncontrolled side channel spillway and tunnel outlet works. The dam is 1,610 feet long at the top, rises 184 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross storage of 254,000 acre-feet of water from a tributary drain- age area of 434 square miles. Of this storage 5,200 acre-feet are in permanent storage and the remaining 248,800 acre-feet are available for flood control, navigation aid, and pollution abatement purposes. FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 983 The reservoir is operated as required for flood prevention purposes as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley generally. The project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $9,674,904. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $63,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and mainte- nance, general: The reservoir was operated for flood control, as re- quired, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the opera- tors' quarters and grounds throughout the year. Torrential rain during October 15, 1954, from midmorning until early evening caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at 32.35 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., on the 16th and at 44.7 feet at Wheeling, W. Va. (lock 12) on the 17th. The reduction made by this reservoir at both Pittsburgh and Wheeling was 1.05 feet and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 8.75 feet, and in combina- tion with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 9.0 feet. The Youghiogheny River at Connellsville crested at 21.96 feet on the 16th, while the reduction by this reservoir was 2.55 feet. The actual peak exceeded the previously known maximum crest of 20.8 feet which oc- curred on March 18, 1936. The water stored during the October flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1439.5 on the 18th or 25.5 feet above the normal zone drawdown guide curve for this date. During this flood, 64,000 acre-feet was impounded above the drawdown guide and represents about 40 percent of the usable flood storage capacity of the reservoir for that date. This was the maximum amount and percent of flood control storage used for the year. Major direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and along the Youghiogheny River from the mouth to Confluence, Pa., and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $11,786,000; Wheeling damage district (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $2,691,000; Youghiogheny damage district (mouth to Con- fluence, Pa.), $958,000; McKeesport damage district (lock 2 (upper) to lock 4 (lower), Monongahela River), $718,000. General moderate to heavy rains on December 28 and 29, 1954, over the Monongahela River Basin augmented by light snowmelt caused a minor flood on the 30th during which 40,800 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Youghiogheny River at Connellsville crested at 11.75 feet on the 30th, while the reduction by this reservoir was 1.95 feet, averting light flooding for 1 day. The Ohio River crested on the 31st at Pittsburgh at 24.9 feet and at Wheeling at 33.0 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.6 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 4.6 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.8 foot and in combina- tion with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 6.1 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 11/ days. Moderate direct flood 984 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River Valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and minor benefits along the Youghiogheny River and lower Monongahela River and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $349,000; Wheeling damage district, $148,000; Youghiogheny damage district, $13,000; McKeesport damage district, $1,100. Heavy rain from the afternoon of February 5 until late February 6, 1955, over the Monongahela River Basin augmented by a moderate snowmelt, caused light flooding on the 7th along a reach between lock 5 (lower) and lock 2 (upper), during which 21,200 acre-feet of water was stored. Water stored in conjunction with Tygart Reservoir re- duced the period of flooding at lock 2 by 1 day. During this flood water stored in the reservoir in conjunction with storage in the Tygart, Conemaugh, Loyalhanna, and Crooked Creek Reservoirs prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. General heavy rain from late February 28 until early March 1, 1955, over the Monongahela River Basin caused light flooding on March 2 along a reach between lock 2 (upper) and lock 3 (lower), during which 15,600 acre-feet of water was stored. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh, crested at 22.1 feet on the 2d, while the reduction made by this reser- voir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 2.8 feet, just averting flood stage. Heavy rain during March 4, 1955, over the Youghiogheny River Basin caused a minor flood during which 29,200 acre-feet of water was stored. The Youghiogheny River at Connellsville crested at 12.65 feet on the 4th, while the reduction by this reservoir was 1.15 feet. The Ohio River crested on the 5th at Pittsburgh at 24.1 feet and at Wheeling at 35.8 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.5 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reser- voirs above Pittsburgh 3.4 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.6 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheel- ing 4.4 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 2 days. The water stored during this double-peak flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1,440.3 on the 6th or 21.3 feet above winter pool, representing an impoundment of 55,300 acre-feet above that pool level, or about 37 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling, and minor flood benefits along the Youghiogheny River and were esti- mated as follows: Pittsburgh damage district, $162,000; Wheeling damage district, $260,000; Youghiogheny damage district, $12,000. During July 26, 1954, the outflow was reduced for one-half day to assist in the search for a drowned man at Ohiopyle, Pa. The outflow was increased during October 22-26, 1954, to hold the upper pool at lock 2, Monongahela River, at a navigable depth until a bar was dredged at the mouth of Turtle Creek. The bar had formed during the recession of the October flood from Turtle Creek. The outflow was increased appreciably during January 12-19, 1955, to insure open river conditions at lock 7, Ohio River, as long as possible to assist necessary repair work. The outflow was again increased appreciably during January 25-30, 1955, in coordination with other reservoir releases to maintain the Ohio River stationary while repair work FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 985 was being completed at lock 7 and emergency repairs were being made at lock 12, Ohio River. During the remainder of the year routine operations were made in accordance with the low-water schedule for maintaining satisfactory flows at Connellsville, Pa., except on the oc- casion of 26 minor rises when water was stored, with the excess above- normal schedule storage being released as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor rise on February 23, 1955, and during a series of minor rises March 21-23 in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Heavy rain showers during June 10-11, 1955, produced a minor rise in the reservoir which resulted in the reservoir reaching the highest level during the year, elevation 1,442.6 on the 13th or 3.6 feet above summer pool. This represents an im- poundment of 10,500 acre-feet above summer pool, or about 11 per- cent of the usable summer flood storage capacity of the reservoir. On December 15, 1954, the reservoir had fallen to elevation 1,402.7, the lowest elevation for the 1954 low water season. On February 1, 1955, the reservoir had been drawn down to elevation 1,401.5, the re- lease of storage being made to assist navigation during repair of locks 7 and 12, Ohio River. The excessive seasonal runoff from the October flood accounted for the high minimum December level. This was the highest minimum drawdown level in the past 7 years of multiple purpose regulation. Activities under reservoir management program comprising sanita- tion, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The total costs were $38,700, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reser- voir is in operation for flood control, navigation, and pollution abate- ment purposes. For flood control, the reservoir is operated as a unit in the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in June 1940, and completed in May 1944. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired, and con- sists of 4,033.19 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 0.48 acre. A license has been issued the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania covering fish conservation and management in the Pennsylvania por- tion of the reservoir. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all from regular funds, were $10,138,875, of which $9,674,904 was for new work and $463,971 for operation and maintenance, general. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ....--------- -$5, 000 -$71 ---------- ------------ ------------ $9, 674, 904 Cost_------------------ 5,784 2, 735 ------------ ---- 9,674, 904 Maintenance: Appropriated-.------ . 53, 100 49, 500 $43, 000 $39, 200 $37, 000 464, 200 Cost __.------ --- -45, 841 103, 734 44, 940 43, 891 38, 700 463, 971 986 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 22. BERLIN RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site is located on the Mahoning River about 73 miles above its confluence with the Shenango River. It is about 10 miles above the existing Milton Reservoir Dam and 35 miles up- stream from Warren, Ohio. The reservoir is located in Portage, Mahoning, and Stark Counties, Ohio. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Warren, Ravenna, and Alliance, Ohio.) E isting project. This provides for the construction of a reser- voir dam with a partially controlled, concrete, gravity center spill- way flanked by rolled earthfill abutment sections joining the valley sides. The dam is 5,750 feet long at the top, rises 101.5 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 91,200 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 249 square miles. Of this storage 1,800 acre-feet are in permanent storage and the remaining 89,400 acre-feet are available for flood control and water supply purposes in the industrialized Mahoning Valley below. The project was selected for construction under the general author- ization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $6,288,676. The latest (1955) approved estimate for anual cost of operation and maintenance is $60,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively for flood control and for low water regulation, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. Heavy rainfall during October 15, 1954, caused minor flooding along the Mahoning River in the vicinity of Warren and Youngs- town, Ohio, and along the Beaver River in the vicinity of Wampum and Beaver Falls, Pa. The Mahoning River crested on the 16th at 10.7 feet at Youngstown and 6.55 feet at Warren. At Youngstown, the reduction by this reservoir in conjunction with Milton Reservoir (owned by the city of Youngstown) was 2.6 feet and in combina- tion with Mosquito Creek Reservoir 3.8 feet, averting moderate flood- ing. At Warren, the reduction made by this reservoir in conjunction with Milton Reservoir was 1.6 feet. The Beaver River crested on the 16th at 20.55 feet at Wampum and 13.35 feet at Feaver Falls. The Ohio River at Wheeling crested at 44.7 feet on the 17th. The reductions by this reservoir in conjunction with Milton Reservoir at Wampum and Beaver Falls were 0.1 and 0.05 foot, respectively, and in combination with Mosquito Creek Reservoir 0.2 and 0.1 foot, respectively. The reduction made by this reservoir in conjunction with Milton Reservoir at Wheeling (lock 12) was 0.1 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 9.0 feet. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1,019.4 on the 20th or 19.6 feet above the normal low water drawdown guide curve for this date. This represents an impound- ment of 30,200 acre-feet above the guide curve or about 38 percent of the usable flood storage capacity of the reservoir for this date. FLOOD CONTROI;--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 987 Major direct flood control benefits were achieved along the Mahoning River valley, light benefits along the Beaver River valley and moder- ate benefits along the upper Ohio River valley between the mouth of the Beaver River and Wheeling and were estimated as follows: Youngstown damage district (Mahoningtown to mile 55, Mahoning River), $826,000; Warren damage district (mile 55 to and including Newton Falls, Mahoning River), $1,834,000; Beaver Falls damage district (mouth to mile 15, Beaver River), $2,000; Wampum damage district (mile 15 to head of Beaver River), $1,000; Wheeling damage district (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $243,000. General moderate rain on December 28 and 29, 1954, over the Mahoning River Basin caused a minor rise in the Mahoning River during which 7,400 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Mahoning River at Warren crested at 4.25 feet on the 31st and the reduction by this reservoir in conjunction with Milton Reservoir was 1.0 feet, averting light flooding along the upper Mahoning River. The Ohio River at Wheeling (lock 12) crested at 33.0 feet on the 31st and the reduction by this reservoir in conjunction with Milton was 0.1 foot and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheel- ing 6.1 feet, averting a minor flood along the Ohio River for 11/2 days. Light direct flood control benefits were achieved along the up- per Mahoning River valley and along the upper Ohio River valley and were estimated as follows: Western damage district, $10,000; Wheeling damage district, $18,000. Moderate to heavy rain during late February 21 and February 22, 1955, over the Mahoning River Basin augmented by antecedent mod- erate snowmelt caused a minor rise in the Mahoning River. The Ma- honing River at Warren crested at 5.0 feet while the reduction by this reservoir was 1.95 feet, averting moderate flooding for 11/2 days. At Youngstown the river crested at 8.9 feet while the reduction by this reservoir was 1.4 feet, and in combination with Mosquito Creek Reservoir 2.0 feet, averting light flooding for 11/ days. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1,021.8 on the 23rd or 13.9 feet above the normal low water storage guide curve. This represents an impoundment of 28,400 acre-feet above that storage curve or about 40 percent of the usable flood storage capacity of the reservoir for this date, and is the maximum used during the year. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved along the Mahoning River valley and were estimated as follows: Warren dam- age district, $440,000; Youngstown damage district, $38,000. Moderate to heavy rain on March 1, 1955, over the Mahoning River Basin caused light flooding along the upper Mahoning River in the vicinity of Warren. The Mahoning River at Warren crested on March 2 at 5.0 feet while the reduction by this reservoir was 0.45 foot. Heavy rain again during late March 3 and early March 4th over the Ma- honing River Basin caused light flooding along the Mahoning River during which 7,900 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Mahoning River crested on the 4th at Youngstown at 10.3 feet and on the 5th at Warren at 5.85 feet. At Youngstown the reduc- tion made by this reservoir was 0.4 foot and in combination with Mosquito Creek Reservoir 1.45 feet. At Warren the reduction made by this reservoir was 0.8 foot. The Ohio River at Wheeling (lock 12) 988 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 crested at 35.8 feet on the 5th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Wheeling was 0.2 foot and in combination with the other 9 res- ervoirs along Wheeling was 4.4 feet, averting a minor flood along the upper Ohio River for 2 days. Light direct flood control benefits were achieved along the Mahoning River valley and upper Ohio River valley and were estimated as follows: Youngstown damage district, $44,000; Warren damage district, $9,000; Wheeling damage district, $86,000. Heavy rain occurred again on March 11, 1955, over the Mahoning River basin which caused light flooding along the Mahoning River in the vicinity of Warren. The Mahoning River crested on the 12th at Warren at 6.0 feet and at Youngstown at 9.8 feet. At Warren, the reduction made by this reservoir was 0.8 foot. At Youngstown, the reduction was 0.9 foot and in combination with Mosquito Creek Reser- voir 1.3 feet, averting light flooding. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved along the Mahoning River valley and were estimated as follows: Youngstown damage district, $13,200; Warren damage district, $285,000. Heavy rain occurred again on March 21, 1955, over the Mahoning River Basin which caused light flooding on the 23d in the vicinity of Warren for the fourth time during March. Warren crested at 5.3 feet while the reduction by this reservoir was 0.6 foot. Light direct flood control benefits were achieved and were estimated as follows: Warren damage district, $8,000. Heavy rain during April 19, 1955, over the Mahoning River Basin caused light flooding along the upper Mahoning River in the vicinity of Warren, Ohio, during which 9,600 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Mahoning River at Warren crested on the 21st at 5.1 feet while the reduction by this reservoir was 0.65 foot. Light direct flood control benefits were achieved and were estimated at $21,- 000 for the Warren damage district. Heavy rain again during April 24-25 over the Mahoning River Basin caused a recurrence of light flooding along the upper Mahoning River in the vicinity of Warren during which 10,700 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Mahoning River at Warren crested on the 26th at 5.0 feet while the reduction by this reservoir was 0.5 foot. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1025.7 on the 30th or 2.7 feet above the low water storage guide curve for this date. This level, the highest reached during the year, represents an impoundment of 9,400 acre-feet above schedule or about 24 percent of the usable flood control storage capacity of the reservoir for this date. Light direct flood control benefits were achieved and were estimated at $11,000 for the Warren damage district. Routine operations were made during the remainder of the year in accordance with the low water schedule for maintaining satisfactory flows at Leavittsburg and Youngstown. A total of 10 minor rises oc- curred during which water was stored according to the low water storage and release schedule. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation, conservation, land management, and operation and main- tenance of public-use facilities were continued. Paving of an access road by contract was completed. FLOOD CONTRO---PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 989 The total costs were $50,375, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reser- voir is in operation for flood control and low water regulation pur- poses in the industrialized Mahoning Valley below. Construction of the dam was started in January 1942 and completed in June 1943. All work relative to relocations and land acquisition is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 6,931 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 1,059 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all from regular funds were $6,749,584 of which $6,288,676 was for new work and $460,908 for operation and maintenance, general. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------- -$40, 000 -$50, 000 -$2, 324 ------------ _------------ 6, 288, 676 Cost --- 22, 874 105, 277 1, 556 ------------ ------------ 6, 288, 676 Maintenance: .. _-_ Appropriated----- 39, 000 63, 500 70, 500 $54, 200 $34, 200 461, 100 Cost----------------- 33, 252 63, 366 63, 270 58, 196 50, 375 460, 908 23. MOSQUITO CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site is located on Mosquito Creek, 9 miles above the junction of the creek with the Mahoning River at Niles, Ohio, and about 18 miles upstream from Youngstown, Ohio. The reservoir is located in central Trumbull County, northeastern Ohio. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Bristolville and Kinsman, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reservoir dam of the rolled earthfill type with outlet facilities through the dam, and an uncontrolled natural wasteway to discharge overflow from the reservoir. The wasteway is located at the upper end of the reservoir area on the low-lying reach of the Mosquito Creek-Grand River Divide and overflow will be discharged into the Grand River, a tributary of Lake Erie. The dam is 5,650 feet long at the top, rises 47 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 104,100 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 97 square miles. Of this storage, 96,100 acre-feet are available for low water regulation and flood control purposes in Mahoning and Beaver Valleys below. A modicum of effect applies to the upper Ohio River Valley, below the mouth of the Beaver River. Of the remaining 8,000 acre-feet, 6,000 acre-feet are available for water supply storage and 2,000 acre- feet are in permanent storage. The reservoir is operated for flood prevention purposes as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system. The project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $4,035,400. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $39,000. 990 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively for flood control and for low water regulation, as required, and necessary re- pairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. Heavy rain during October 15, 1954, caused minor flooding along Mahoning River at Youngstown, Ohio, and along the Beaver River in the vicinity of Wampum and Beaver Falls, Pa. The Mahoning River crested on the 16th at 10.7 feet at Youngstown while the reduc- tion made by this reservoir was 1.2 feet and in combination with Ber- lin Reservoir 3.8 feet, averting moderate flooding. The Beaver River crested on the G h at 20.55 feet at Wampum and 13.35 feet at Beaver Falls. The reductions made by this reservoir at Wampum and Bea- ver Falls were 0.1 and 0.05 foot, respectively, and in combination with Berlin Reservoir 0.2 and 0.1, respectively. The Ohio River at Wheel- ing (lock 12) crested at 44.7 feet on the 17th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Wheeling was 0.1 foot and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 9.0 feet. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 896.7 on the 19th or 2.0 feet above the normal low water storage guide curve for this date. This represents an impoundment of 11,000 acre-feet above the guide curve or about 17 percent of the usable flood storage capacity of the reservoir for this date. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved along the Mahoning River valley and the upper Ohio River valley between the mouth of the Beaver River and Wheeling, and light benefits along the Beaver River valley and were estimated as follows: Youngstown damage district (Mahoningtown to mile 55, Mahoning River), $382,000; Beaver Falls damage district (mouth to mile 15, Beaver River), $2,000; Wampum damage district (mile 15 to head of Beaver River), $1.000; Wheeling damage district (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $243,000. Moderate to heavy rain during late February 21 and early Febru- ary 22, 1955, over the Mahoning River basin augmented by antecedent moderate snowmelt caused a minor rise in the Mahoning River on the 22d during which 5,200 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Mahoning River at Youngstown crested at 8.9 feet while the re- duction by this reservoir was 0.6 foot and in combination with Berlin Reservoir 2.0 feet. Light flooding was averted for 11% days. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 900.9 on the 23d or 1.0 foot above the winter pool. This represents an impoundment of 7,400 acre-feet above that pool or about 22 percent of the usable flood' storage capacity of the reservoir for this date, and is the maximum used during the year. Light direct flood control bene- fits were achieved and estimated at $16,000 for the Youngstown damage district. Heavy rain during late March 3 and early March 4, 1955, over the Mahoning River basin caused light flooding along the Mahoning River. Youngstown crested late on the 4th at 10.3 feet while the reduction by this reservoir was 1.05 feet and in combination with Berlin Reservoir FLOOD CONTROI--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 991 1.45 feet. The Ohio River at Wheeling (lock 12) crested at 35.8 feet on the 5th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Wheeling was 0.1 foot and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.4 feet, averting a minor flood along the upper Ohio River for 2 days. Moderate direct flood control benefits were achieved along the Mahon- ing River valley and light benefits along the upper Ohio River valley and were estimated as follows: Youngstown damage district, $115,000; Wheeling damage district, $44,000. Heavy rain again on March 11, 1955, over the Mahoning River Basin caused a rise in the Mahoning River. Youngstown crested on the 12th at 9.8 feet, while the reduction by this reservoir was 0.4 foot and in combination with Berlin Reservoir 1.3 feet, averting light flooding. Light direct flood control benefits were achieved and esti- mated at $6,000 for the Youngstown damage district. Routine operations were made throughout the year in accordance with the low water temperature control schedule at Youngstown. A nominal minimum flow of 5 second-feet was released from October 13, 1954, until January 29, 1955, while the net inflow was stored from 6 minor rises in accordance with the low water schedule for subsequent release during the 1955 low water season. Storage during a series of minor rises on December 28-30, 1954, effected a reduction of 0.05 foot on the Ohio River at Wheeling. The Ohio River at Wheeling crested at 33.0 feet on the 31st, while the reduction from this reservoir in com- bination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling was 6.1 feet, avert- ing a minor flood along the Ohio River for 11/2 days. Light direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir and were esti- mated at $9,000 for the Wheeling damage district. Heavy rain showers on April 24 and 25, 1955, caused a series of minor rises which resulted in the reservoir reaching elevation 901.39 on the 30th, barely attaining summer pool on schedule. This level was the highest reached by the reservoir pool during the year when 82,300 acre-feet of water was in storage. This is the first complete year the city of Warren diverted their water supply from Mosquito Creek Reservoir. The water withdrawal from the reservoir to their filtration plant was 3.386 billion gallons or 10,396 acre-feet, representing 13 percent of the available low water regulation and water supply storage. The total costs were $25,959, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and appurtenances are complete and are in operation for flood control and low water regula- tion purposes in the industrialized Mahoning and Beaver Valleys below. Construction of the dam was started in July 1943, and was ready for beneficial use in January 1944. All work relative to reloca- tions and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved in the acquisition of land consists of 11,213.98 acres in fee simple and flowage easement over 275.21 acres. The State of Ohio has obtained a license from the Secretary of the Army for development and opera- tion of recreation facilities in the reservoir area. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,286,720, of which $4,035,400 was for new work and $251,320 for operation and mainte- nance, general. 363037-55-vol. 2- 63 992 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: .. Appropriated...------------- ---- .. ------------------------------ .------------ $4, 035,400 Cost___---_-------------- $49, 620 $7, 548 ----------------------------------- 4,035, 400 Maintenance: Appropriated-......... 28, 000 24, 000 $36, 500 $22, 200 $23, 700 251, 500 Cost------------------ 21, 587 27, 084 33, 842 30, 476 25, 959 251, 320 24. WELLSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The city of Wellsville is located in Columbiana County, on the right bank of the Ohio River, 48 miles below the head of the river ,at Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Wellsville, W. Va., Ohio and Pa.) Existing project. Section I: This provides for the construction of a concrete floodwall and earth dike at the upper end of the city, con- sisting of the following features: 1,564 feet of concrete floodwall and 476 feet of earth dike extending from a rocky cliff above the Lisbon Street Highway Bridge along Little Yellow Creek to the Pennsyl- vania Railroad, thence downstream along the Ohio River, paralleling the railroad to high ground at Third Street; 3 pumping plants, sanitary and 1 storm water; 3 gates for passing traffic, 1 on State 5 Highway No. 7 and 2 for industrial spur tracks; and appurtenant drainage structures. The project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 28, 1937, and provides partial protection to the city of Wellsville. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1955) is $400,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $113,000. Section II: This provides for the construction of a concrete flood- wall and earth dike at the lower end of the city, consisting of the following features: 345 feet of concrete floodwall and 5,250 feet of earth dike extending generally parallel to and on the river side of the main line track of the Pennsylvania Railroad along the Ohio River from 18th Street to the vicinity of the underpass on State High- way Route No. 7; 1 pumping plant for storm water; 1 industrial spur track crossing and closure; and appurtenant drainage structures. The project supplements section 1 and provides complete protection with a minimum freeboard of 3 feet for the city of Wellsville against all floods up to that of March 1936, the maximum of record. The project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project (1955) is $157,633. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Section I: Preparation of plans and specifications for remedial control facilities on outlets through the dikes and floodwall were completed by hired labor. Construction of these facilities was essentially completed by contract. FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 993 The costs, all for new work, were $14,193. Section II: Preparation of plans and specifications for remedial control facilities on outlets through the dikes and floodwall were completed by hired labor. Construction of these facilities was com- pleted by contract. The costs, all for new work, were $1,217. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Section I: This section of the proj- ect is complete. On August 22, 1942, the city of Wellsville formally accepted the floodwall for operation and maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $398,409 of which $384,387 was from regular funds and $14,022 from Emergency Relief funds. Work remaining to be done consists of installation of a sluice gate for an. 18-inch pipe. Section II: This section of the project is complete. On August 22, 1942, the city of Wellsville formally accepted the floodwall for oper- ation and maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $157,633 from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.....-----------------------------------........................ $16, 500 $1, 526 1 $558, 106 Cost . ------------------------------------------------ 552 15, 410 1556, 042 1 Includes $14,022 from Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----- - ---- _ $1, 748 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------------- 1, 748 25. OHIO RIVER BASIN, PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, floodwalls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Pittsburgh, Pa., district. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, authorized the construction of levees, floodwalls, and drainage structures for the protection of cities and towns in the Ohio River Basin, the projects to be selected by the Chief of Engineers with the approval of the Secretary of War, in accordance with House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, at a cost not to exceed $24,877,000 for construction, which amount was authorized to be appropriated for this purpose. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, approved the general com- prehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modification thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, may be advisable, and for initiation and partial accomplishment of the 994 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 plan, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and ap- proved by the Chief of Engineers subject to the provision that the authorization shall include the diversion of Cache River above Cairo, Ill., and the protection of the area north of the Cairo drainage district by levees, at an estimated cost of $2,000,000. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the sum of $45,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin, modified to include the Allegheny Reservoir project in accordance with the recommendation of the Chief of Engineers in House Docu- ment No. 300, 76th Congress, 1st session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the sum of $70,000,000 for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan ap- proved in the act of June 28, 1938, as modified by the act approved August 18, 1941, for the Ohio River, including additional projects in tributary basins. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the sum of $125,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in act of June 28, 1938, as amend- ed and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress, including addi- tional projects in tributary basins. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the sum of $100,000,000 for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress, including addi- tional projects in the tributary basin. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Pittsburgh district: Local protection projects Estimated costs Location 1 Type of protection Federal Non-federal Total Adena, Ohio (Short Creek)....--------- Channel..-------------- $212,000 $53, 000 $265, 000 Allegany, N. Y. (Allegheny River) _ Levee------------- --- 830, 000 52, 000 882, 000 Bellaire, Ohio 7....................... Wall and levee_---- ---- 7, 660, 000 1,870, 000 9, 530, 000 Brackenridge, Tarentum and Natrona, Wall_ _-----------. __ 11, 800, 000 3, 080, 000 14, 880, 000 Pa. (Allegheny River).? Brilliant, Ohio 7.do ........-----------.. 3, 240, 000 276, 000 3, 516, 000 Brockway, 7 Pa. (Allegheny River Wall and levee....---- 477, 000 167,000 644,000 Basin) . Coraopolis, Pa.7__ Wall.----------------- 3, 080, 000 466, 000 3, 546, 000 Dillonvale, Ohio (Short Creek) ...... Channel .....-------------- 297, 000 46, 000 343, 000 Elkins, 2W. Va. (Monongahela River Channel diversion___.. 1, 772, 627 40, 000 1,812, 627 Basin). 3 Empire, Ohio 7.....-----.......-- Wall------------ 3, 030, 000 234, 000 3, 264, 000 Follansbee, W. Va,.7______ - . 7 -------__.. do____------------ 2, 670,000 232,000 2,902,000 Freeport, Pa. (Allegheny River) ...--.. -do ....----------- 1, 480, 000 21, 000 1, 501, 000 Industry, Pa7___._____________ _ Wall, levee, and 1,560,000 136,000 1,696,000 channel. Johnsonburg, 2 Pa. (Allegheny River Wall_- .....--.-------- 750, 000 130, 000 880, 000 Basin). 3 Johnstown, Pa. (Allegheny River Channel------ -- 58, 865, 388 .--- .....---------- 58, 865, 388 Basin).2 3 Kittanning, Pa., Part I (Allegheny Wall --.. .-------- 5130, 317 2, 000 132, 317 River) .3 Kittanning,7 Pa., Part II (Allegheny -_ -- do _------------ 5, 940, 000 352, 000 6, 292, 000 River). See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 995 Local protection projects-Continued Estimated costs Location 1 Type of protection Federal Non-federal Total Lake Chautauqua and Chadakoin Channel ------------ $2, 490, 000 $1, 130,000 $3, 620, 000 River, 7 N. Y. (Allegheny River Basin) . Latrobe, Pa. (Allegheny River .... do ..----------.......... 5 207, 659 44, 400 252, 059 Basin) .3 7- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Leetsdale, Pa. Levee------------- -- 1, 270, 000 141,000 1, 411,000 Martins Ferry, Ohio 4 7_ ....- ..... Wall and levee-.....-.. 8, 630, 000 836, 000 9, 466, 000 McKees Rocks, Pa 7_____________ ... Wall------- ----..... 5, 470, 000 197, 000 5, 667, 000 Mingo Junction, Ohio 7 7- - - --- --- - - ____ do-- _____ ....- - - 1, 920, 000 310, 000 2, 230, 000 Moundsville, W. Va. - Wall and levee....---.. 3, 070, 000 605, 000 3, 675, 000 Neville Island, Pa.7_______________7 __ ___do __ ....... _ 3, 210, 000 1,830, 000 5, 040, 000 New Cumberland, W. Va. ___ ....... o _____do 2, 760, 000 421,000 3, 181,000 New Kensington and Parnassus, Pa. Wall- 7, 900, 000 .------------ 148, 000 8, 048, 000 (Allegheny River).7 Olean, N. Y. (Allegheny River) 3 _ Levee- -------------- 3, 217, 531 597, 000 3, 814, 531 Pittsburgh, Pa. (Golden Triangle) 7 _ _ Wall_------------ - 9, 390, 000 429, 000 9, 819, 000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (North Side) 7 ------- ... do__---------- -- 22, 400, 000 1, 760, 000 24, 160, 000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (The Strip) _--- 3 do --------------- .... ----- 10, 700, 000 2, 560, 000 13, 260, 000 Portville, N. Y. (Allegheny River) Levee ---------------- 52, 070, 484 353, 000 2, 423, 484 Punxsutawney, 2 Pa. (Allegheny Channel and levee.... 5 3, 586, 107 5 180, 485 5 3, 766, 592 River Basin). Ridgway, Pa. (Allegheny River Channel ... .....-------------- 511,000 13, 000 524, 000 Basin). Rochester, Pa 7 - Wall-_ ---- 3, 350, 000 622, 000 3, 972, 000 St. Marys, Pa. (Allegheny River Channel -------------- 482, 000 14, 000 496, 000 Basin). 7- - - - - - - ----- - Smiths Ferry, Pa. Wall------------- 2, 120, 000 229, 000 2, 349, 000 Strattonville, Ohio 7_____________ ... do_ 2, 780, 000 336, 000 3, 116, 000 Warwood, W. Va.?7_ ___do_____ 1, 740, 000 376, 000 2,116, 000 Wellsburg, W. Va. _ _ _- Wall and levee ....---. 3, 270, 000 1, 160, 000 4, 430, 000 Wellsville, Ohio, sec. I 2 _____- do__---------- _ 400, 000 113, 000 513, 000 W ellsville, Ohio, sec. II7 2 ... .... do _____ _ 5 157, 633 .... .. .. - .. 157, 633 West Bridgewater, Pa. Wall_______ ___- 2, 340, 000 517, 000 2, 857, 030 Wheeling-Benwood, W. Va. _ ..... - _ Wall and levee_- ..-- 22, 700, 000 5, 210, 000 27, 910, 000 Wheeling, W. Va. (North Wheeling)7_ Wall ------ ----- 11, 700, 000 2, 700, 000 14, 400, 000 Wheeling, W. Va. (Wheeling Island)7_ Wall and levee---- ---- 13, 300, 000 2, 470, 000 15, 770, 000 1 All projects are located on the Ohio River unless otherwise noted. 2 Reported in detail in an individual report. 3 Completed. 4 Reported in detail in Annual Report for 1941. 5 Actual cost. 6 Reported in detail in Annual Report for 1954. 7 Also see listing of the project under heading "Other authorized flood control projects," p. 997. Reservoirs Total Tributary basin and reservoir Stream estimated cost Allegheny: Allegheny River, Pa............----------------------------- 1 Allegheny River.............. 500, $97, 000 Conemaugh River, Pa. _---------------------------- Conemaugh River............ 45, 820, 000 Crooked Creek, Pa.1 ..--------- .....----------.......... Crooked Creek____-__--_-- 3 4, 204, 888 East Branch Clarion River, Pa..........-------......... Clarion River ............--- 9,003, 000 French Creek, Pa 4 .. French Creek__ . ..... ... 18, 500, 000 Loyalhanna, Pa.1--------------- Loyalhanna Creek-_-.------_ 35, 452, 862 Mahoning Creek, 4 Pa.- ..--------...--------------------. Mahoning Creek..._____ .. .___ 3 6, 421,345 R edbank, Pa.1 -...... ... .... ... ... .... ... ... .... Redbank Creek___ __..... 39, 800, 000 Tionesta, Pa. _---------------_-- - Tionesta Creek____. ________ 35, 213, 401 Beaver: Berlin, Ohio 1 Mahoning River .........__-- 3 6, 288, 676 Eagle Creek, Ohio 4 Eagle Creek_ .............. _ 12, 700, 000 Mosquito Creek, Ohio 1__-_-_------- _ Mosquito Creek .......... 3 4, 035, 400 Shenango, Pa., and Ohio .......-..-...------------..... Shenango, River ............. 24, 800, 000 Monongahela: 2 Turtle Creek, Pa. 4--.......4 ....... ....... ........ ..... Turtle Creek _......__.. 8, 480, 000 West Fork River, W. Va. 1..........-- ...--.........--- West Fork River-------........--- 18, 800, 000 Youghiogheny River. Pa. .............--------------------..... Youghiogheny River ...-- --. 3 9,674, 904 1 Reported in detail in an individual report. 2 Exclusive of $2,808,000 to be borne by local interests. 3 (:ompleted, actual cost. 4 Also see listing of project under heading "Other authorized flood control projects," p. 997. 996 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. The authorization of the local protection proj- ect for Wilcox, Pa., has expired due to the inability of local interests to furnish assurances of local cooperation as prescribed by law. In accordance with section 3 of the act of Congress approved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong.), local interests were formally notified March 6, 1950, of the required conditions of local cooperation and of the 5-year period within which assurances must be furnished. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations performed during the year consisted of surveys, investigations, studies, and prep- aration of project plans for the development of the general compre- hensive plan for flood control in the Ohio River Basin. The costs during the year were $18,011. Condition at end of fiscal year. The preparation of project plans and construction plans and specification was well advanced. The status of projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,248,120 of which $1;231,394 was from regular funds and $16,726 from emergenc relief funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------- -$23, 636 -$132, 215 $61, 215 $15, 000 $16, 691 1$1, 256, 450 Cost._ -- -.....-... - 121,509 52, 161 71, 799 19, 196 18, 011 1 1, 248, 120 1Includes $16,726 from Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - -------- ---------------- $8, 028 FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 997 26. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 Estimated full report,_amoun_ Name of project see Annual amount Report Construction Operationsand required for- maintenance tocomplete Bellaire, Ohio -----------------------------------------...................................--------------------- $7, 660, 000 Brackenridge, Tarentum, and Natrona, Pa---------___ _ --- __ ---- __-___----- 5 11. 800, 000 Brilliant, Ohio__ --------- ----------------------------------- ----- 53, 240, 000 Brockway, Pa------ --------------------------------------------------------- 3 477, 000 Buckhannon, W. Va-.------ __- __ - -$37, 488 --------------- (2) Coraopolis, Pa--- ------------------------------------------------------- 3, 080, 000 Eagle Creek Reservoir, Ohio.... --------------- 100, 000--_ 5 12, 600, 000 Empire, Ohio---------------------------------3, 030, 000 Follansbee, W. Va-- ------------------------------------------- -------------- 2, 670, 000 Freeport. Pa---------- 1---------------------------, 480, 000 French Creek Reservoir, Pa ____ __ -- - -- -- 124, 456-----____-- 5 18, 375, 544 Industry, Pa-----------------------------------------------------------5 1 560, 000 Kittanning, Pa., part I-----------------------1949 130, 317 (1) Kittanning, Pa., part II__-- ---------------------------------------------- 5, 940, 000 Lake Chautauqua and Chadakoin River, N. Y._ 6,193 ------------- _ 2, 483, 807 Latrobe, Pa- .---.- ------------------------. 1951 207, 659 .----- -(1) Leetsdale, Pa..-------------- ------------------------------------------- 5 1, 270, 000 Martins Ferry. Ohio_ 1941 23,360.__________._ 23, 360- -.. 38, 606, 640 McKees Rocks, Pa-- ---- ------------- --------------------------- 5, 470, 000 Mingo Junction, Ohio ----------------------------------------------------- 51, 920, 000 Moundsville, W. Va--------- ----------------------------- ----------- 3, 070, 000 Neville Island, Pa----- --------------------------------------- -------------- 3, 210, 000 New Cumberland, W. Va- -. . __.. . ------------ _ ----------------------- 2, 760, 000 New Kensington and Parnassus, Pa---- ______ __------------------------ -5 7, 900, 000 Olean, N. Y____. 1954 .____________,__--5_ 3,217,531() Pittsburgh, Pa. (Golden Triangle) _................ __---------- -___- - -__ _- 5 9, 390, 000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (North Side)___.--- ___- - 522, 400, 000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (the Strip) -- - 10,700, 000 Portville, N. Y._ __ - __-____________ 1954 2, 070, 484--------------- (1) Redbank Creek Reservoir, Pa- -.............. ---.- 156, 337------------ 5 39, 643, 663 Rochester, Pa .----------......------------........------------............----------------------------................. 5 3, 350, 000 Smiths Ferry, Pa----.... ----- ----------------- --------------------------- 5 2, 120, 000 Strattonville, Ohio ---------------------------------- . --------------- ___ __ 5 2, 780, 000 Turtle Creek Reservoir, Pa_--------------------------- _.. 67, 171 -------------- 5 8, 412, 829 Warwood, W. Va..................----------------------...------------.......------------.... -------------- 1, 740, 000 Wellsburg, W. Va---------------------------------------- 6, 387 -------------- 5 3, 263, 613 West Bridgewater, Pa- ___------------------ ---------- -------------- -------------- 2, 340, 000 West Fork Reservoir, W. Va ,__ ----------------___ _ - ------- _ _ - 18, 800, 000 Wheeling, W. Va. (north Wheeling)___-- ..... -5----------------5 11, 700, 000 Wheeling, W. Va. (Wheeling Island).... --------------__ - - 21, 700-.-.---.--.. - 13, 278, 300 Wilcox, Pa _------------------------------------ 16, 761 ------ (4) 1Completed. 2 Local interests having failed to meet the requirements of cooperation, authority for the project expired Feb. 20, 1951. 3 To be restudied; 1954 price level. 4 Local interests having failed to meet the requirements of cooperation, authority for the project expired Mar. 5, 1955. 'Inactive; 1954 price level. 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and subsequent acts require local interests to furnish assurances that they will main- tain and operate certain local protection projects after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. District engineers are responsible for the administration of these regulations within the boundaries of their respective districts. The (1955) estimated cost of this work is $3,500. Maintenance inspections were made during the fiscal year of com- pleted units of projects transferred to local interests for maintenance and operation. Local interests were advised, as necessary, of meas- ures required to maintain these projects in accordance with standards prescribed by the regulations. The costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $2,685. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $6,371. 998 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... $900 ____ $1, 200 $1, 800 $2, 500 $6, 400 Cost-.. . __-...._ ..........- $566 1,458 1,663 2, 685 6, 371 28. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year, plans and specifications were completed for projects at Harmon Creek at Colliers, W. Va., and Elk River at Stone- wood and Nutter Fort, W. Va. Construction operations for the Col- liers project commenced May 22, 1955, and advanced to approximately 99 percent completion. Due to inability of local interests to resolve the problem of local cooperation, construction of the Stonewood' and Nutter Fort project was canceled. Studies were initiated for a project on Bear Creek at Friendsville, Md. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $30,719. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year amounted to $247,421. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated -------... ..------------ $31, 000 $44, 000 -$7, 503 $55, 785 $272, 487 Cost_ --------------------- 2, 287 22, 634 42, 576 30, 719 247, 421 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - $24, 859 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------- ---- 24, 859 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year, investigations were under way to determine the economic feasibility and plan of improvement at the following locations: Wallace, Harrison County, W. Va. Cherry Valley Run at Leetonia, Ohio. Town of Portage, Little Conemaugh River, Pa. Town of Wilmore, Little Conemaugh River, Pa. Oil Creek at Oil City, Pa. Oil Creek at Rouseville, Pa. The costs for these projects for the fiscal year were $12,183. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year for these projects were $21,324. FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 999 Cost and financial summary AMSTERDAM, OHIO Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .....--------------------------- $6, 500 .... - --......... $6, 500 Cost--..---- ------------------------ 631 $5,819 $16 6, 466 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-- $34 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - - - 143, 500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------------143, 534 CHERRY VALLEY RUN AT LEETONIA, OHIO Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1953 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.. -- ----- ----------- $2, 000 $2, 000 Cost---------------..... --- - ------------------------------------ 2,034 12,034 1 Costs in excess of amount appropriated due to retroactive pay increase, fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------_ $34 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-... --- 34 OIL CREEK AT OIL CITY, PA. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ...---------------- ---------....------------------------ $5, 000 $5, 000 Cost.__-.___-------------- ------------ 1,465 1,465 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $3, 535 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_--------------------------------------- ____________ 3, 535 OIL CREEK AT ROUSEVILLE, PA. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated...............------------------------------------------------$1, 500 $1, 500 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_--------_ -- $1, 500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------_ ------ -_____ _ 1, 500 1000 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary TOWN OF PORTAGE, LITTLE CONEMAUGH RIVER, PA Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 1 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated....------------------------------------------------............ $1, 500 $1, 500 Cost -------------------------------------------------------- 1, 031 1,031 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- $469 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ 469 TOWN OF WILMORE, LITTLE CONEMAUGH RIVER, PA. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated... ------------ ------------------------------------ $1, 500 $1, 500 Cost----------------..... ----------------------------------------- 129 129 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------_ $1, 371 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------1, 371 WALLACE, W. VA. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------------------............----------......... $5, 000 ..... $2,407------------$5, 000 $10, 000 Cost .....--------------------------------------- 284 $2,407 7, 508 110, 199 I Costs in excess of amount appropriated due to retroactive pay increase, fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_-------- -- $206 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ -----. 206 Emergency flood control activities--Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (see. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act an d supplemental authorizations). Work during the fiscal year consisted of establishing high water marks, determining streamflows and developing isohyetal maps of the Pittsburgh district. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $18,600. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $25,566. FLOOD CONTROL---PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1001 Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... ------------. $1, 500 ----------------------- $18, 600 $25, 566 Cost ---------------------------- 1, 500 - 18, 600 25, 566 29. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs during the year were $38,635, of which $35,204 was for examinations and surveys and $3,431 was for research and develop- ment. An allotment of $106,900 for examinations and surveys and an anticipated allotment of $8,600 for research and development, a total of $115,500, will be applied to the preparation of 5 flood control studies (4 surveys and 1 preliminary examination) and to research and development. The additional sum of $115,900 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1957 for work to be accomplished un- der this heading. 30. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA During the year, work consisted primarily of collection of stream- flow data and hydrologic studies. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT This district comprises western Wisconsin, the westerly portion of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, the major portion of Minnesota, northern and eastern North Dakota, and small portions of northeast- ern South Dakota and northern and northeastern Iowa embracing the drainage basins of the Mississippi River and tributaries from its. source to mile 614 above the mouth of the Ohio River; the Red River of the North and tributaries; those streams north of the Missouri River Basin in North Dakota; the United States waters of the Lake of the Woods and its tributaries; and the United States waters of Lake Superior and its tributary basin west of Au Train Bay, in- cluding Isle Royale in Lake Superior. Until May 1, 1955, the Lake Superior area was the responsibility of the Duluth, Minn., district. That section of Mississippi River above mile 614 is included in the report on Mississippi River between Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Grand Marais Harbor, Minn_ 1004 23. Red River of the North 2. Two Harbors (Agate Bay), Drainage Basin, Minn., S. Minn _ _ _ _ 1005 Dak., and N. Dak --- 1033 3. Knife River Harbor, Minn__ 1006 24. Red Lake River, Minn., in- 4. Duluth-Superior Harbor, cluding Clearwater River, Minn. and Wis _____ _ 1008 Minn_ __-- 1038 5. Port Wing Harbor, Wis .-.. 1010 25. Homme Reservoir and Dam, 6. Cornucopia Harbor, Wis .. 1012 N. Dak_ 1040 7. Bayfield Harbor, Wis --. 1013 26. Lake Ashtabula and Baldhill 8. Ashland Harbor, Wis ...... 1014 Dam, Sheyenne River, N. 9. Black River Harbor, Mich__ 1016 Dak----------___ 1042 10. Ontonagon Harbor, Mich___ 1017 27. Lake Traverse and Bois de 11. Keweenaw Waterway, Sioux River, S. Dak. and Mich_ - 1018 Minn_- 1044 12. Lac La Belle Harbor, Mich _ 1020 28. Mississippi River near Aitkin, 13. Grand Traverse Bay Harbor, M inn -- - - - - - - - Mich_-- - - - - - - - 1021 1046 14. Presque Isle Harbor, Mich__ 1022 29. Lac qui Parle Reservoir, Min- 15. Marquette Harbor, Mich___ 1023 nesota River, Minn ..... 1048 16. Warroad Harbor and River, 30. Upper Iowa River, Iowa_- 1050 Minn_ 1024 31. Other authorized flood con- 17. Baudette Harbor, Minn ---- 1026 trol projects ___ 1051 18. Reservoirs at headwaters of Inspection of completed Mississippi Riverw s.... 1027 32. works n- 1051 19. Mississippi River between the Missouri River and 33. Flood control work under Minneapolis, Minn. (St. special authorization -_. 1051 Paul District)__- __ 1010 20. Minnesota River, Minn -- 1030 General investigations 21. St. Croix River, Wis. and Minn_- 1031 34. Examinations and surveys _ 1055 22. Other authorized navigation 35. Collection and study of basic projects 1033 data- 1055 1003 1004 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1. GRAND MARAIS HARBOR, MINN. Location. The harbor is situated on the north shore of Lake Su- perior, 106 miles northeasterly from Duluth, Minn. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 9.) Existing project. This provides for rock-filled timber crib break- water piers 350 feet in length from the east and west points of the bay to narrow the entrance; for constructing concrete seawalls across the ledge at the southeast corner of the harbor; for dredging an an- chorage area of 36.5 acres to a depth of 16 feet with depths near the entrance of 18 and 20 feet, and for a small boat basin 100 feet wide, 600 feet long, and 8 feet deep in the northwestern part of the harbor protected by a breakwater 600 feet long with a rubble mound shore connection. All depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level pre- vailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $444,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 3,1879 Breakwaters and dredging of anchorage area of 26 H. Ex. Doec. 75, 43d Cong., 2d sess. acres to 16 feet. (Annual Report, 1875, p. 184). Aug. 30, 1935 Seawalls across ledge in the southeast corner of the Rivers and Harbors Committee harbor, enlarging the anchorage basin and deepen- Doec. 27, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ing of entrance. 1 May 17,1950 Small boat basin with breakwater-.. _ ................ . Doec. 187, 81st Cong., 1st sess. 1Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of May 17, 1950, is subject to the conditions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will- a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construc- tion and subsequent maintenance of the work, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works. c. Provide and maintain without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suit- able and adequate wharf for the accommodation of small craft which shall be open to all on equal terms. d. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate and manage the inner harbor facilities. Local interests were notified on September 29, 1950, of the required conditions of local cooperation. None of the above conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two general merchandise wharves, RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1005 and several fish wharves, all privately owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous mainte- nance inspections and reports were made at a total cost for the year of $34. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 77 percent complete. Project depths of 16 feet in the anchorage basin and 18 to 20 feet in the entrance channel are available. Private parties dredged 420,795 cubic yards of gravel from the harbor between 1922 and 1930 under permits and without cost to the United States. To complete the project there remains the construction of the inner small boat basin and protecting breakwater. The concrete seawalls are in excellent condition. The breakwaters are in good condition. The gravel spit along the eastern side of the harbor is too low to prevent waves from rolling into the harbor during severe storm periods. Replacement is required. The total costs of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year were $209,820 for new work and $128,110 for maintenance, a total of $337.930. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--....----------------------------------------------------------- $209, 820 ------------------------ Cost...... ------------------------------------------ 209, 820 Maintenance: Appropriated-----.......-_ -$688 ..----------------------- $2, 400 -$564 128, 110 Cost----------- ------------------------------------ 1, 802 34 128, 110 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ------------------- $234, 200 appropriated for completion of existing project_ 2. TWO HARBORS (AGATE BAY), MINN. Location. The harbor is situated on the north shore of Lake Superior, 27 miles northeasterly from Duluth, Minn. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 96.) Existing project. This provides for narrowing the natural en- trance by the construction of 2 breakwaters, 1,625 feet and 900 feet long, from the eastern and western points of the bay, respectively; and for dredging a maneuvering area on the north side of the harbor to depths of 26 and 28 feet, referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluc- tuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and baro- metric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $3,554,154. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $16,000. 1006 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents ABreakwater and dredging----------------------- H. Ex. Doc. 94, 48th Cong., 2d sess, Aug. 5,1886 _ Construction of 2 breakwater piers-_-_ ---- _ Annual Report for 1887, p. 1952. Aug. 30, 1935 Shore connection to east breakwater and dredging of Rivers and Harbors Committee maneuvering area. Doc. 17, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Nov. 7,1945 Construction of new east breakwater and enlarge- H. Doc. 805, 78th Cong., 2d sess. ment of maneuvering basin. (contains the latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are no publicly owned wharves. The ore docks, coal dock, merchandise wharf, and tug wharf are privately owned. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $581. Repairs to the timber superstructure of the east breakwater were completed at a cost of $4,641. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $5,222 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1950. The breakwaters are in good condition. The project depths in the maneuvering area were available at the end of the fiscal year. The total costs were $3,554,154 for new work, and $267,593 for main- tenance, a total of $3,821,747. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated- .... $6, 692 --------......------------.........------------.------------... $3, 554, 154 Cost ........--------------- 368, 586 - -- __---_-.. ----. .. .. 3, 554, 154 Maintenance: Appropriated-----.....--. ------------ $15, 263 ------------ $42, 000 -$15, 832 267, 305 Cost--------------------------15, 263------------ 20, 946 5, 222 1267, 305 1 Includes pending adjustment of -$288. 3. KNIFE RIVER HARBOR, MINN. Location. This harbor is located near the mouth of Knife River on the north shore of Lake Superior, 19 miles northeasterly from Du- luth, Minn., and 7 miles southwest of Two Harbors, Minn. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 96.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel, of vary- ing width, 10 feet deep from that depth in Lake Superior; an inner straight channel 8 feet deep, 50 feet wide, and 600 feet long with a spending beach at its inner end having a radius of 150 feet; northerly and southwesterly side channels 8 feet deep, 50 feet wide, and 150 feet and 250 feet long, respectively; and a breakwater about 180 feet long on the south side of the entrance. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Su- perior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordi- RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1007 nary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric con- ditions, of about 1 foot above the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $271,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,100. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1945 -- Dredging_ _____.___..___________ ____ H. Doc. 686, 77th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report for 1949. Sept. 3,1954 _ Breakwater and modified channels-------- -_ H. Doc. 463, 83d Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map) Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act ap- proved March 2, 1945, as modified by the act approved September 3, 1954, is subject to the condition that local interests: (1) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas needed for the initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required. (2) Establish and maintain a suitable public wharf, with highway connection, open to all on equal terms. (3) Establish a public or quasi-public agency which will own the land immediately adjacent to the harbor and which will regulate the use, growth, and development of all harbor facilities on a nonprofit basis and in the best interest of the public. (4) Hold and save the United States free from damages due to con- struction and maintenance of the project. None of the above requirements have been complied with. Local interests have acquired title to lands required for the entire project and an access highway. Terminal facilities. Local interests have installed pile-and-timber docks on both sides and at the inner end of the straight channel. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished with Federal funds. Local interests have dredged the straight chan- nel included in the project to a depth of 8 to 9 feet below low water datum, but a bar forms abreast of the lake shoreline partially blocking the channel. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--- $258, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------- 258,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-------------------------------13, 000 363037-55-vol. 2 64 1008 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIY, 1955 4. DULUTH-SUPERIOR HARBOR, MINN., AND WIS. Location. This harbor is at the extreme western end of Lake Su- perior. The cities of Duluth, Minn., and Superior, Wis., are situated on the north and south sides, respectively. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 966.) Previous projects. Superior and Duluth were separate improve- ments until consolidated by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. The original project for the harbor at Superior City was adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867; for Duluth Har- bor by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871. These projects were modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873; March 3, 1881; July 5, 1884; August 5, 1886; August 11, 1888; and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1929 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1400 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. Rebuilding the canal piers at Duluth entry with stone-filled tim- ber-crib substructure and concrete superstructure 1,734 feet long and 300 feet apart for 1,250 feet, then flaring to 540 feet apart at the har- bor end. b. Replacing the north and south piers at Superior entry with con- crete piers 2,096 and 1,584 feet long respectively, 500 feet apart for 808 feet then flaring at the harbor end. c. Constructing 4,205 feet of rubble-mound breakwater, 900 feet of concrete pierheads on stone-filled cribs, and 896 feet of concrete shore revetments at Superior entry, the lake ends being 600 feet apart on the 30-foot contour in prolongation of the entrance channel and diverging to 2,100 feet apart at the shoreline. d. A flared lake approach to Duluth entry 32 feet deep, and a chan- nel between the piers 32 feet deep at the pierheads, gradually decreas- ing to 26 feet at the harbor basin. e. A depth of 26 feet in the northern part of the harbor basin inside Duluth entry consisting of 201 acres; and a depth of 25 feet in the southern portion of the harbor basin, East Gate Basin, and in Su- perior Front Channel, through Superior Bay, 600 feet in width, ex- tending to Superior Harbor Basin, a distance of 13,200 feet. f. A flared lake approach to Superior entry 32 feet deep; a channel between the breakwater entrance and the pierheads with a width vary- ing from a minimum of 600 feet to a maximum of 1,100 feet, 32 feet deep at the breakwater entrance, gradually decreasing to 28 feet at the pierheads; a stilling basin of 20 acres, 24 feet deep, inside the breakwater; and a channel between the piers, 28 feet deep at the pier- heads, gradually decreasing to 25 feet at the harbor basin. g. A harbor basin of 290 acres, 25 feet deep, inside Superior entry; a channel in Allouez Bay 2,100 feet long, 400 feet wide, and 22 feet deep; a depth of 25 feet in the south channel of St. Louis Bay from the entrance (East Gate Basin) to the cross channel, inclusive, with widths varying from 500 to 900 feet. h. A depth of 25 feet in a cross channel, with a minimum width of 1,150 feet, and a depth of 25 feet in the north channel of St. Louis Bay opposite the cross channel; elsewhere in the north channel and the south channel and the St. Louis River to a point 9,600 feet above the RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1009 Grassy Point Bridge, a depth of 21 feet, and, except at Arrowhead Bridge, a minimum width of 400 feet; and a channel thence up St. Louis River 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Spirit Lake (southerly end of Big Island) a distance of about 14,200 feet. i. A channel in Howards Bay 6,000 feet long, narrowing in width from 300 to 125 feet, and 21 feet deep; and a channel 3,300 feet long, 100 feet wide, and 20 feet deep at 21st Avenue West in Duluth. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Su- perior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. Highest single gage reading, November 28, 1905, was 3.7 feet above low water datum; lowest single gage reading, January 23, 1926, was 1.95 feet below low water datum; the annual fluctuation is about 1 foot. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $7,372,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $175,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3,1896 Dredging ----------------------------------- ................. ..... H. Ex. Doc. 59, 53d Cong., 3d sess., and Annual and Report, 1895, p. 2538. Annual Report, 2538. June 13,1902 Rebuilding piers at Superior entry Mar. 2, 1907 Enlargement of plan for Superior entry and addi- H. Doc. 82, 59th Cong., 2d sess. tional dredging near draw span of the Northern Pacific R. R. bridge. May 28,19081 Dredging additional area for the basin inside Duluth H. Doec. 221, 60th Cong., 1st sess. entrance to 22-foot depth. July 27,1916 Enlarging Superior Harbor Basin-_------------- H. Doec. 651, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1919 Removal of shoal point at southerly end of the East H. Doec. 1018, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Gate Basin. H. Doe. 245, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21,1927 HowardsJand Bay Channel, 20 feet deep and Harbors Rivers and and Rivers Com- Harbors Com- July 3, 1930 ------------ mittee Doe. 32, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Present project dimensions of the channels and basins_ H. Doec. 482, 72d Cong., 2d sess.3 July 16, 1952 4 Deepen Superior Front Channel and a portion of H. Doec. 374, 82d Cong., 2d sess. East Gate Basin to 25 feet. 1 Administrative act, sec. 4. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. 3 Contains last published map. 4 Public Law 568. Local cooperation. Public Law 568, July 16, 1952, provides that local interests shall give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the initial con- struction, and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. Negotiations with local interests are in progress. There are no prior requirements of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities, consisting of wharves, ore docks, and grain elevators, are believed to be adequate for existing commerce, and are being increased as necessity demands. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Dredging of Superior Front Channel was continued under a continuing con- tract at a cost of $210,768. About 480,932 cubic yards of material were removed in this work. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $28,965. Maintenance of parks and 1010 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 grounds were made at a cost of $8,784. Repairs to the Duluth canal piers and breakwaters were completed at a cost of $39,780. Removal of about 227,530 cubic yards of material by the Government dipper dredge Col. D. D. Gaillardto restore propect depth in entrance chan- nels and interior basins was accomplished at a cost of $143,085. All work was performed by Government plant and hired labor. Total costs for the year were $431,382, being $210,768 for new work and $220,614 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 95 percent complete. Project depths are available in the harbor as shown by surveys completed in March 1955, except for northerly portion of Superior Front Channel and scattered shoals in Superior Harbor Basin, East Gate Basin, Howards Bay, St. Louis Bay, and Minnesota Channel. The entrance piers and breakwaters are in fair condition except for concrete, superstructure on a portion of the north pier at Duluth entry which requires reinforcement, and the south pier at Superior entry which is being undermined and requires stabilizing repair. To complete the project there remains to complete the deepening of Superior Front Channel to 25 feet. The total cost was $11,138,369, of which $7,068,059 was for new work and $4,070,310 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated--------- --------------- $293, 500 $8, 697, 986 Cost---------------------------------------------- ------------ 210, 768 8, 615, 254 Maintenance: Appropriated -. - ... $162, 000 $222, 001 $235, 500 $223, 800 194, 399 4, 078, 061 Cost- _---------------- 178,901 197, 661 220, 390 218,457 220, 614 24, 074, 029 I Includes $1,547,195 for new work for previous projects. 2 Includes stock on hand, $467; unbilled receivables, $200; and pending adjustment, $3,052. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - $89 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-.-. 215, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________------------------- _- --- 215, 089 5. PORT WING HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is situated on the south shore of Lake Superior, 34 miles easterly from Duluth. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 96, Lake Superior.) Eisting project. This provides for the construction of two paral- lel piers at the entrance 200 feet apart and 800 and 825 feet long, respectively, the piers to consist of 2 rows of piling filled in with slabs and topped with large rock; for the construction of a return pile revetment at the inner end of the east pier 45 feet in length, to preserve RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1011 the sand spit from erosion; for dredging 2 inner channels 8 feet deep, 1 extending southerly 340 feet with a width of 60 feet, and one easterly, 1,170 feet with a width of 70 feet, from an irregular shaped turning basin 15 feet deep at the inner end of the piers, and for dredging a channel 150 feet wide with a 15-foot depth between the piers. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost for new work (1954) is $63,400. The portion of the dredging of the entrance channel to complete the project width and depth is considered unnecessary to meet present navigation re- quirements, and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion of the work was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $22,600. The latest (1954) approved estimate for maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Construction of parallel piers and dredging 1. .__ H. Doc. 114, 56th Cong., 1st sess. June 30, 1948 Dredging of inner channels and abandonment of cer- H. Doc. 668, 80th Cong., 2d sess. tain revetments and channels. (contains latest published map). 1 The portion of the dredging of the entrance channel to complete the project width and depth is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are four privately owned fishing wharves which are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operation and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made, at a cost of $738, by hired labor. The total cost for the year was $738. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion. The east pier is in good condi- tion. The west pier is in poor condition due to decay, wear of ice, and settlement of stone and slab filling. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depth was 8.5 feet in the lake approach, 7 feet between the piers and in the easterly boat channel, and 1 foot in the south channel. To complete the project it would be necessary to widen the channel 50 feet between the piers, which portion of the work is considered unnecessary to meet present navigation requirements. The total costs and expenditures were $387,884, of which $63,393 was for new work and $324,491 for maintenance. 1012 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .-- -$4, 962 ---------- ----------.----.. -----.. -$63, 393 Cost------------------ 3,803 -- __---------_------------------------ ------------ 63,393 Maintenance: Appropriated---- ....... 10, 000 -$1, 486 -$486 $1, 200 324, 491 79, 010 Cost-------------.................. 1, 045 462 $738 324, 491 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project 1---- $22, 600 1For the inactive portion of the project. 6. CORNUCOPIA HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is located at the mouth of the Siskiwit River on the south shore of Lake Superior, 49 miles east from Duluth, Minn. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 96.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 50 feet wide and 10 feet deep between the piers; an irregular-shaped turning basin, 8 feet deep; 2 inner channels 50 feet wide and 8 feet deep, with lengths of 450 and 300 feet; reconstruction and Federal maintenance of the entrance piers constructed by local interests and adding 25 feet to the length of the west pier. All depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide level at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a tem- porary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $241,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $6,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Entrance channel 50 feet wide and 10 feet deep be- Sen. committee print, 75th Cong., tween existing piers from the bay to a turning basin 1st sess. 200 feet long, 8 feet deep, with maximum width of 180 feet, with 150-foot and 300-foot inner channels each 50 feet wide and 8 feet deep. Sept. 3, 1954 Reconstruction and Federal maintenance of the east H. Doc. 434, 83d Cong., 2d sess. and west entrance piers, a 25-foot extension of west pier and a 300-foot extension of the existing westerly inner channel at a depth of 8 feet and a width of 50 feet. The latest published map is in House Document 434, 82d Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Local cooperation for the earlier authorization has been fully complied with. Improvements authorized by the Sep- tember 3, 1954, act are subject to the conditions that local interests agree to: (a) furnish, free of cost, necessary lands, easements, and RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1013 rights-of-way, including any necessary building removals, and suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and mainte- nance of the improvements; (c) provide and maintain without cost to the United States, a suitable public wharf, about 100 feet in length, with utilities and an access road; and (d) establish and operate a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regu- late the harbor facilities with the understanding that these facilities shall be open to all on equal terms. None of the presently required conditions has been complied with. Terminal facilities. About 1,000 linear feet of privately owned docking space have been improved for small fishing boats with build- ings for processing fish and storing nets. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor at a cost for the year of $1,043. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work authorized by the earlier act was completed in 1939. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were 8.5 feet in the lake approach, 6 feet in the channel between the piers, 2 feet in the turning basin, and 6 feet in the inner slips. The total costs were $58,596 of which $10,190 was for new work and $48,406 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated------.. -----------..-- .......----------------- --------------- ---------- $10, 190 Cost----------_ ---------------------------------------------------- --- 10, 190 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... Cost-------- --------- -$940 122 .. - ..- ------------ $8, 436 8, 436 $9, 150 8, 107 -.......... $1,043 48, 406 48, 406 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ $230, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------------- 230, 000 7. BAYFIELD HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is located on the west channel leading to Chequamegon Bay, on the south shore of Lake Superior. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 961.) Existing project. This provides for a small-boat harbor by extend- ing the existing city pier L and city breakwater pier approximately 118 feet each, constructing parapets about 2 feet in height on the out- side walls of the city pier L, a portion of the city pier, and the city breakwater pier, dredging the municipal harbor basin to a depth of 10 feet, and removing a submerged crib in the basin. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1014 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost for new work, made in 1955, is $155,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $1,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950. (H. Doc. 260, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the initial construction and subsequent maintenance, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction and maintenance of the project. c. Provide and maintain without cost to the United States necessary mooring facilities and utilities including a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal terms. d. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body em- powered to regulate the use, growth, and development of the harbor facilities with the understanding that they will be open to all on equal terms. e. Continue to maintain the city dock and existing L thereto, the existing breakwater pier on the east side of the harbor, and the pro- posed parapets on these structures in a manner satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers. None of the above requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. Within and adjacent to the project area there are 8 privately owned wharves, 1 boat-repair-yard pier, 2 piers where a charge is made for berthing space, and the city owned pier L, and breakwater which provide berthing space. The facilities are consid- ered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done or funds expended on the existing project. At the end of the fiscal year depths of 10 feet in the entrance channel and 6 to 8 feet in the harbor basin were available. 8. ASHLAND HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is situated at the head of Chequamegon Bay, on the south shore of Lake Superior. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 964.) Existing project. This provides for an 8,000-foot breakwater and a dredged channel along the dock front, 75 feet outside the harbor line, 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide from a point 400 feet west of 17th Avenue West produced to 8th Avenue West produced; and a flared channel 21 feet deep, 750 feet wide at its westerly end and 400 feet wide at its easterly end and from 8th Avenue West produced to Ellis Avenue, produced; for an entrance channel 21 feet deep and 400 feet wide extending in a northerly direction from the easterly end RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1015 of this channel; and a basin 25 feet deep and about 4,800 feet long, extending from a point about 400 feet west of the Soo dock to a point 1,000 feet east of the Chicago & North Western dock 3, and extending from a line 75 feet outside of the harbor line to deep water in the bay. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $779,078. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $19,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 Breakwater 7,900 feet long ant dredging to remove a H. Ex. Doc. 89, 48th Cong., 2d sess. shoal. Annual Reports, 1886, p. 1674; and 1887, p. 1966. Aug. 11, 1888 Appropriation of $60,000 for "Continuing improve- ment on the enlarged project." (On the completion of the Poe lock in 1896, with an available depth of 20 feet, the dredging at Ashland Harbor was carried to a similar depth.) Mar. 3, 1899 Detached breakwater extending 4,700 feet out from June 6, 1900 the shore at a point 2,600 feet east of the main breakwater (prolonged) and parallel thereto. Aug. 8, 1917 Project modified by omitting the detached break- H. Doc. 1698, 64th Cong., 2d sess. water and defining the depth and extent of the channel to be dredged. July 3, 1930 Widening of part of the present channel for an en- S. Doc. 133, 71st Cong., 2d sess. trance channel and for the basin in the eastern part of the harbor. Aug. 30, 1935 1 Deepening east basin to 25 feet and the west channel, Rivers and Harbors Committee as far as 8th Ave. West., extended, to 21 feet. Doc. 46, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Widening the west channel to a width of 750 feet at its H. Doc. 337, 77th Cong., 1st sess.2 westerly end. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The city of Ashland owns 4,150 feet of water- front, exclusive of street ends, for future public needs. The wharves for handling coal, ore, and pulpwood are served by railroads. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condition surveys were made by hired labor at a cost for the year of $148. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1950. The breakwater is in good condition, except for some settle- ment. At the end of the fiscal year, project depths were available except for minor shoals in the east basin maneuvering area. The total cost was $1,307,217 of which $779,078 was for new work, and $528,139 for maintenance. 1016 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ! 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ....... $1, 703 ------........... $779, 078 Cost .... ....------------------11, 850 -------------------------------------------- 779, 078 Maintenance: Appropriated _ _ 381 --.------ --- $7, 000 $24, 400 -$961 1529, 825 Cost__----------------- 1, 686 .----------- 7, 648 22, 643 148 529, 825 1 Stock on hand June 30, 1955, $1,686. 9. BLACK RIVER HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located at the mouth of the Black River on the south shore of Lake Superior 39 miles westerly from Ontona- gon, Mich., and 47 miles easterly from Ashland, Wis. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 95.) Existing project. This provides for two converging piers extend- ing from the shore on either side of the mouth of the Black River, 140 feet apart at their outer ends, having lengths of 641 feet and 527 feet for the east and west piers respectively; for an entrance channel 50 feet wide and 12 feet deep between the piers with a flared approach at its outlet; for an inner channel 50 feet wide and 8 feet deep with a length of 420 feet; and for a harbor basin 130 feet wide and 8 feet deep with a length of 255 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Supe- rior which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric con- ditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated Federal cost for new work, made in 1955, is $266,000, and $30,000 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1945) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $1,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). That document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation were approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. A contri- bution of $6,800 has been made by local interests toward a total of $30,000 required. Terminal facilities. Wharves have been constructed on both sides of the river. The wharf on the east bank has a frontage of 400 feet and the one on the west bank has a frontage of 750 feet. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on con- struction of the existing project. A controlling depth of 3.5 feet for a width of 50 feet exists in the entrance channel. The total costs, all for new work, were $6,795 from contributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1017 Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - $110, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --------------------------------------- 110, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--- ----------------- 156, 000 10. ONTONAGON HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is situated on the south shore of Lake Supe- rior. It consists of the improvement of the mouth of Ontonagon River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 95.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867. For further details see page 1931 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1406 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a flared lake approach channel 17 feet deep with widths narrowing from 400 feet at the outer end to 150 feet opposite the outer end of the west pier; a channel between the piers 150 feet wide, 17 feet deep in the outer 250 feet, and 15 feet deep in the inner 2,200 feet; an inner basin 15 feet deep and 900 feet long, extending between lines 50 feet from the existing wharves on each side of the river, the maximum width being 285 feet; and the maintenance of this channel, basin, and the 4,990 feet of entrance piers. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide level at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to ex- treme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $19,619, exclusive of the amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $45,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 17 feet deep and 150 feet wide through the H. Doec. 602, 61st Cong., 2d sess. bar and 15 feet deep and 100 feet wide between the piers, and pier maintenance. Aug. 26, 1937 Present project widths and inner basin------------............... Senate committee print 74th Cong., 2d sess. (contains the latest published map). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are no publicly owned wharves. There are 1 merchandise and coal wharf, 1 coal wharf, and a few small fish wharves in active use. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for the commerce of the harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condition surveys were made by hired labor at a cost of $1,320. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1938. The piers are in fair condition except for minor repairs 1018 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 needed on stone covered portions. At the close of the fiscal year, the controlling depths were 7 feet in the lake approach channel, 10 feet in the westerly 60 feet of the channel between the piers and 5 feet in the harbor basin. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $19,619 for new work and $921,699 for maintenance, a total of $941,318. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated - --------- . $304, 421 Cost ---- ____----- 304, 421 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ $43, 000 $380 $18, 600 $2, 650 .-- 1, 041, 760 Cost .----------------43, 340 83 19, 077 1, 803 $1, 320 2 1, 041, 716 IIncludes $284,801 for new work and $113,327 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Stock on hand June 30, 1955, $6,691. 11. KEWEENAW WATERWAY, MICH. Location. This waterway is a navigable channel, minimum width 300 feet, 25 miles long, partly natural and partly artificial, across Keweenaw Point, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 944.) Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. A waterway across Keweenaw Peninsula via Portage Lake, 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide, increased to 400 feet through Portage Lake below the shoal at its head and with a straight cutoff channel from Princess Point to Messners Point. b. Flaring eastern entrance from Keweenaw Bay, 28 feet deep in the outer portion, diminishing to 25 feet in the inner portion, protected by a breakwater 5,714 feet long. c. A mooring basin inside the east entrance, one-half mile long, 800 feet wide, and 25 feet deep, with mooring piers protected by fender piling. d. Converging breakwaters at the western entrance, with westerly breakwater 2,645 feet long and easterly breakwater 2,485 feet, having an entrance 500 feet wide between the breakwaters. e. A western entrance channel 32 feet deep lakeward of the entrance between the breakwaters, diminishing to 25 feet in quiet water and enlarged inside of the breakwaters into a maneuvering basin, 1,000 feet in maximum width and 3,000 feet long. f. A mooring basin inside the west entrance 3,600 feet long and 800 feet wide and 25 feet deep, with mooring piers protected by fender piling. g. Reveting the banks as necessary. h. Pierheads 400 feet long at the west entrance to the canal. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. On account of its length, the waterway is affected in a very slight degree by lake fluctua- tions of short duration. The annual fluctuation is about 1 foot. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1019 The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $8,270,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Acquisition of the waterway; for a 16-foot channel of H. Ex. Doc. 105, 49th Cong., 2d 70-foot bottom width, renewal of canal revetments, sess., and Annual Report, 1887, the reconstruction and extension of piers at the p. 1977. upper entrance to 30-foot depth of water, and at the proper time for the increase of the channel depth to 20 feet with bottom width of not less than 120 feet (increase in width and depth of channel was ap- proved Mar. 15, 1898). June 25, 1910 ;/S Anchorage basin just within the lower entrance about mile long, 800 feet wide; a mooring pier on its westerly side 2,000 feet in length, and for the pur- H. Doc. 325, 60th Cong., 1st sess. chase of the necessary land. Mar. 2, 1919 Princess Point Cutoff Channel -- ___--_ H. Doc. 835, 63d Cong., 2d sess.2 Aug. 30, 19351 General deepening, widening, and straightening of H. Doc. 55, 73d Cong., 1st sess. channels and basins to provide 25-foot depth with additional over depth at entrances, extension of the lower entrance breakwater, and the necessary alter- ation or replacement of structures due to deepening of the channels. 1 Included in the Emergency Relief Administration program, May 28, 1935. 2 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The 6 coal docks, 3 general merchandise wharves, and several minor wharves, all privately owned, are served by improvements made along Keweenaw Waterway. The city of Han- cock has two publicly owned wharves. The village of Houghton has wharf improvements at the ends of three streets. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $10,282. Repair of revetment was accomplished at a cost of $7,212. Dredging of 66,990 cubic yards of material by the Government dipper dredge Col. D. D. Gaillardwas accomplished at a cost of $49,721. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $67,215 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 75 percent complete. The breakwaters are in good condition except for a weak- ness occurring in about 300 feet of the substructure of the breakwater at the lower entrance, and the stone-covered portions of the break- waters at the upper entrance are in need of minor repairs. The moor- ing pier at the lily pond-requires repairs to halt movement, and permit dredging to project depth adjacent thereto, and that at the Portage River harbor of refuge is in good condition. Annual redredging of channels will be required indefinitely. The controlling depth on June 30, 1955, was 25 feet. To complete the project there remains the extension of the lower entrance breakwater, and the necessary alteration or replacement of structures due to deepening of channels. For work performed with regular funds, the costs of the existing project were $5,772,115 for new work and $3,334,843 for maintenance, a total of $9,106,958. For work performed with Emergency Relief funds the total costs 1020 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and expenditures were $182,826, all for new work. The total cost, all funds, was $9,289,784 of which $5,954,941 was for new work and $3,334,843 for maintenance. In addition, the sum of $402,242 was expended between 1893 and 1917 on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.....-------------------.......... ---------------------------- ------------ $5, 954, 941 Cost------------- -------------------------------------------. -------------- 5,954,941 Maintenance: Appropriated--...... $106, 000 $67, 500 $31, 664 $60, 600 $63, 900 3, 747, 840 Cost----------------- 87, 297 73, 266 31, 572 57, 099 67, 215 13, 747, 797 1Stock on hand June 30, 1955, $10,990. Pending adjustment $278. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project-----_ --- ___-_ $2, 315, 000 12. LAO LA BELLE HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located on the eastern shore of the Kewee- naw Peninsula 41 miles northeasterly from the Portage Entry to Keweenaw Waterway. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 94.) Lac La Belle, Bete Grise Bay, and the Mendota Ship Canal combine to form the harbor. Existing project. This provides for construction of two parallel piers at the entrance having lengths of 540 and 450 feet for the north and south piers, respectively, for a bank revetment on the north side of the entrance 150 feet in length, for an entrance channel between the piers 50 feet wide and 12 feet deep, and for an inner canal 50 feet wide and 10 feet deep to Lac La Belle. Project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated Federal cost for new work, made in 1955, is $163,000, and $38,190 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1945) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $1,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the Act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that responsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will- (1) Contribute $38,190 in cash toward the cost of protective struc- tures and dredging. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1021 (2) Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suit- able and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. (3) Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of har- bor facilities with the understanding that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. (4) Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the works. (5) Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project, includ- ing suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as required. It is further provided that no work shall be done by the United States at this harbor until the prescribed requirements for local cooperation have also been complied with at the following additional projects in this area: Grand Traverse Bay, Mich., Eagle Harbor, Mich., and Chippewa Harbor, Mich. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Waterways Commission and were approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. Terminal facilities. A few small privately owned fish wharves are located on the banks of the Mendota Canal. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done or funds expended on the existing project. At the end of the fiscal year the controlling depth at the entrance to the canal was 2 feet for a width of 20 feet. 13. GRAND TRAVERSE BAY HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located at the mouth of the Traverse River on the eastern shore of the Keweenaw Peninsula about 20 miles northeasterly from the Portage Entry to Keweenaw Waterway. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 94.) Existing project. This provides for 2 parallel piers having lengths of 650 feet and 380 feet for the north and south piers, respectively; for an entrance channel between the piers 50 feet wide and 12 feet deep; and for a harbor basin with a depth of 10 feet for a maximum width of 200 feet and a maximum length of 450 feet. Project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $197,771. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). This document contains the latest published map. 1022 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are several privately owned fishing wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor at a total cost for the year of $1,215 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1950. The entrance piers are in good condition. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were 9 feet in the lake approach, 8 feet in the entrance channel, and 4 feet and 2 feet in the southern and northern portions of the harbor basin, respectively. The total cost was $288,392, of which $197,771 was for new work and $90,621 for maintenance. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated _ __ -$2, 229 _-_-_ $197, 771 Cost- _ $20, 431 -M_ 197, 771 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... __ 3, 352 $86, 173 $1, 100 90, 625 Cost___ __________- -- _ 3, 352 85, 372 380 307 $1, 215 190, 625 1 Includes pending adjustment of $4. 14. PRESQUE ISLE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor (formerly known as Marquette Bay Harbor of Refuge, Mich.), situated on the south shore of Lake Superior within the city limits of Marquette and about 3 miles distant from Marquette Harbor, is about 11/2 miles long and 1/2 -mile wide and is protected by a breakwater. It is an indentation in the shore behind Presque Isle Point. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 935.) Existing project. This provides for a 2,816-foot breakwater off Presque Isle Point consisting of 216 feet of shore connection, 1,000 feet of stone-filled timber cribs, and 1,600 feet of rubble-mound section; and dredging the harbor to a depth of 26 feet in the inner portion, with 28 feet at the entrance, both depths referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above the mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation in water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $898,809. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $13,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1023 Acts Work authorized Documents June 3,1896 Breakwater, 1,000 feet long - ...---------------------- H. Doc. 318, 54th Cong., 1st sess. June 13,1902 Shore extension, 216 feet long- ------- Annual Report for 1903, pp. 474, 1823. Aug. 30, 1935 For dredging and rubble-mound extension to break- H. Doc. 473, 72d Cong., 2d sess. water 1,600 feet long. Changed designation of (contains the latest published project. map). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is 1 merchandise wharf and 1 ore dock. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condition surveys were made at a cost of $267. Repairs to rubble-mound break- water cost $7,000. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $7,267 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The breakwater is in fair condition but requires re- placement of some stone. The controlling depth was 26 feet. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $1,048,496 of which $898,809 was for new work and $149,687 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto1951 New work: Appropriated . ------------------------ ------ ------------ 809 $------------$89 Cost-------------------- 898,809 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-----......----------------------- $1, 400 $28, 000 $2, 400 147, 439 Cost------------------ $122 1, 400 23, 133 7, 267 1 147, 439 1 Includes pending adjustment of $2, 248. 15. MARQUETTE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is situated in Marquette Bay on the south shore of Lake Superior, 160 miles west of Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., and 256 miles east from Duluth, Minn. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 935.) Existing project. This provides for a 4,500-foot breakwater, the inner 3,000 feet of stone-filled timber cribs, and the outer 1,500 feet of rubble-mound construction, and dredging the harbor basin to a depth of 25 feet, giving a protected area of 350 acres. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation in water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. 363037-55-vol. 2- 65 1024 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMIIY, 1955 The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,117,312. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $23,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Breakwater, 2,000 feet long-_---. --------- H. Ex. Doc. 56, 39th Cong., 2d sess., pts. 1 and 2, and Annual Report, 1866, pp. 8 and 77. Aug. 11, 1888 Extending the breakwater 1,000 feet__ --------------- _ Annual Report, 1889, pp. 272 and 2021. June 25,1910 Additional 1,500-foot extension to the breakwater and H. Doc. 573, 61st Cong., 2d sess. removing a shoal in the northerly part of the harbor. Aug. 30,1935 1 Deepening of the harbor basin to 25 feet........------------ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 20, 72d Cong., 1st sess.2 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. These consist of 1 ore dock, 1 coal dock, and 2 oil wharves. There are also several small fish wharves without railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condition surveys were made by hired labor at a cost of $141. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1935. The rubble-mound portion of the breakwater is in fair condition but requires replacement of some stone and patch- ing and resurfacing are necessary on a portion of the concrete-capped breakwater. The controlling depth in the harbor is 25 feet. The total cost was $1,531,537, of which $1,117,312 was for new work and $114,225 for maintenance, including $72,188 Public Works funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ----------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------...$1, 117,312 Cost -------- ------------ ------------------------ ----------- ------------1,117, 312 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ $16, 000 -$1, 263 $21, 300 -$2, 000 -$2, 541 414, 229 Cost-.............. 14, 827 14, 859 1, 759 141 1 414, 229 t Includes pending adjustment of $4. 16. WARROAD HARBOR AND RIVER, MINN. Location. Warroad Harbor and River are at the southwestern extremity of Lake of the Woods, 36 miles west of the mouth of Rainy River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 84, Lake of the Woods.) Existing project. Provides for dredging and maintaining a chan- nel 8 feet deep from the landing at Warroad to deep water in the RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1025 lake, the channel being 9,200 feet long, 200 feet wide within the harbor, and 300 feet wide out in the lake; for a turning basin 500 by 900 feet to a depth of 8 feet; and for a pile-brush-stone jetty on the north side of the channel extending from the shore 700 feet into the lake. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake of the Woods, which is 1,056 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordi- nary seasonal variation of water level is about 3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $83,800. The portion of the dredging of the entrance channel and turning basin to complete the project width and depth is considered unnecessary to meet present navigation requirements, and is excluded from the fore- going cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $355,200. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Dredging bar at mouth of Warroad River 2.------- Specified in act. June 6,1900 1 Entrance channel 300 feet wide and 7 feet deep....... H. Doc. 92, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3,1905 )Enlargement of turning basin...............------------------- H. Doc. 703, 61st Cong., 2d sess. June 25, 1910 July 25,1912 Deepening to 8 feet____ 1Appropriation. 2 The portion of the dredging to complete the project width and depth is considered to be inactive. The latest published map is opposite page 1984 in the Annual Report for 1911. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of April 19, 1948, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the project be cur- tailed by reducing the channel width to 100 feet and the turning basin to 250 feet. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. A pile-and-plank wharf 80 feet in length has been provided by the village of Warroad for free use by the public. There are 2 commercial fish wharves each 60 feet in length, not open to the public, 1 of which is served by a spur track. There are also a number of minor wharves. These facilities are ample for the needs of existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and inspections were made by hired labor. Costs for the year were $407. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole is complete except for the inactive portion. The protective jetty completed in 1910 and reconstructed as a rubble mound in 1929, is in good condition. The turning basin at the Warroad wharves was completed in 1911, and a channel 200 feet wide and 8 feet deep was completed in 1915. The controlling depth in the channel is 2.5 feet below low water datum which is 1,056 feet above mean tide level at New York, for a least width of 100 feet. Annual maintenance is necessary. The shore revetment is in need of minor repairs. The uncompleted part of the existing project consists of widening the lake channel from 200 to 300 feet for a distance of 7,460 feet, and 1026 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the turning basin from 250 by 900 feet to 500 by 900 feet. The addi- tional widths are not necessary to meet present requirements. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $83,805 for new work and $380,336 for maintenance, a total of $464,141. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated------------ ------------ --- --------- ....... ---------------------- $83, 805 Cost ------------- -------------------------------------------------------- 83, 805 Maintenance: Appropriated--------.... -$7, 000 -$1, 810 $2, 500 . ------ - --- -- - 380, 336 Cost-----------------33, 543 ------------ 2, 071 $22 $407 380,336 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_-------------- __ (1) 1 Does not include $355,200 required for the inactive portion of the project. 17. BAUDETTE HARBOR, MINN. Location. The Baudette River has its source in the swamplands of northern Minnesota and flows in a northeasterly direction to Rainy River at Baudette, Minn., about 10 miles from where Rainy River empties into Lake of the Woods. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. The project provides for dredging a channel 6 feet deep and 75 feet wide extending from the mouth of Baudette River upstream a distance of about 2,000 feet with an increase in width at the inner end to form a turning basin with a maximum width of 230 feet. The project depth is referred to low water datum at Baudette, which is taken as 1,056 feet above mean tide level at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level is about 2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $36,415. The latest (1945) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $800. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1919 Dredging - -- H. Doc. 109, 63d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Present dimensions of channel and basin_ - _--... H. Doc. 109, 63d Cong., 1st sess. (contains the latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The village of Baudette has a timber wharf, and its use is open to all on equal terms. The State of Minnesota has constructed a boathouse and warehouse adjoining the public wharf. In addition to the foregoing, there are several privately owned, small and little-used wharves on both sides of the river. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1027 Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1950. The project depth of 6 feet was available in the channel on June 30, 1955. The costs were $36,415 for new work and $13,042 for maintenance, a total of $49,457. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .- $7,391 _--- -------------.---- -------- $36, 415 Cost. 20,569 ---------------------------------------------- 36,415 Maintenance: Appropriated-------------------------------------------------------------- 13,042 Cost ---------- ------------------------ ----- ---------------- ------- 13, 042 18. RESERVOIRS AT HEADWATERS OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER Location. Reservoirs are located on the Mississippi River and sev- eral of its tributaries, in Itasca, Beltrami, Hubbard, Aitkin, Cass, and Crow Wing Counties, Minn., as follows: Outlet Area Name of reservoir Watershed River Above Original Reservoir St. Paul Lake . Square Square Square Miles miles miles miles Winnibigoshish _ -- Mississippi .----------- 408 1,442 117 179. 4 Leech Lake ....- - --- Leech _ 410 1, 163 173 250. 9 Pokegama___ Mississippi ----------- 344 1660 24 35. 0 Sandy Lake_ -- - - Sandy- - 267 421 8 16. 6 Pine River_-.- - ---- Pine _ - - 199 562 18 23. 7 GullLake __- -. Gull------------------ 168 287 20 20. 5 1 Exclusive of area controlled by Winnibigoshish and Leech Lake Dams. Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details, see page 1888 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 1098 of the Annual Report for 1938. Emisting project. This provides for the reconstruction of the five original reservoir dams, viz, Winnibigoshish, Leech Lake, Pokegama, Sandy Lake, and Pine River, and the construction of Gull Lake Reservoir. The cost of new work for the completed project was $881,985, exclu- sive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost of maintenance and operation of the reservoirs is $77,000 annually. The above dams are of solid concrete construc- tion, Pokegama being built on bedrock and the others on pile founda- tions. The Sandy Lake Dam includes a lock 160 feet long, 30 feet wide, with a maximum lift of 9.5 feet and a depth of 2.5 feet on the lower sill at low water. The abandonment of the ditches to connect Long Lake to Round Lake and Round Lake to Gull Lake was recom- mended in House Document 413, 64th Congress, 1st session, and was ordered by Congress in the River and Harbor Act of July 27, 1916. 1028 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 For reconstruction of 4 of the 5 original dams, and surveys to determine the extent of lands over- flowed by the reservoirs. Mar. 2,1907 Reconstruction of Sandy Lake Dam and the con- struction of Gull Lake Reservoir. June 25, 1910 Construction of an equalizing canal between Win- H. Doc. 363, 61st Cong., 2d sess. nibigoshish and Leech Lake Reservoirs (no work was done and this part of the project was aban- doned in the act of Mar. 4, 1915). June 26,19341 Operation and maintenance provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. For map see p. 1978, Annual Report for 1911. Lower operating limits by regulations approved Feb. 4, 1936, and modified Dec. 29, 1944 Minimum Minimum Reservoir stage mumReservoirMmu (feet) stage (feet) Winnibigoshish........ ---------------------- 6 Sandy Lake------------------------ - 7 Leech Lake.......................------------------------0 Pine River....-------------------------- 9 Pokegama...... -------------------- 6 Gull Lake ........................--------------------------- 5 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. The reservoirs were operated according to plan and necessary repairs were made at the structures. Except for Winnibigoshish and Leech Reservoirs which receded slightly, the reservoirs were maintained at approximately their normal operating levels throughout the entire summer. In order to provide ample capacity for storing the usual spring runoff, the reservoirs were lowered to their respective minimum ordinary operating stages during the period October 1954 through March 1955. The extremely small spring runoff was easily stored in the reservoir with no adverse effects. The operation of the headwaters reservoirs, combined with the Aitkin flood control project, which went into limited operation for the first time this spring, were effective in hold- ing the maximum stage at Aitkin well below flood stage. It is esti- mated that the combined reduction in stage at Aitkin was about 3.3 feet of which 2.8 feet was the result of the Aitkin project and 0.5 foot due to operation of the Mississippi headwaters reservoirs. Storage at the end of the fiscal year amounted to about 973,500 second-foot- days. RIVERS AND HARBORS--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1029 Mean monthly stages for the fiscal year1 1954 1955 Reservoir July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Winnibigoshish---------........... 10.33 9.86 9. 48 9. 22 8.92 8. 59 8.32 8.20 8:19 8. 54 9. 22 10.09 Leech Lake............... 2.26 1.93 1.57 1.31 1.16 1.04 0.89 0.80 0.84 1.13 1.60 1.80 Pokegama-- --------- 9. 04 9.14 9.14 8. 86 8. 52 8. 22 7. 64 6. 85 6. 68 7. 40 8.82 8.88 Sandy Lake------------ 9.14 9.14 9. 20 9. 34 9. 47 8. 44 7. 54 7. 21 7.10 8. 02 8.91 9. 04 Pine River_---------- 13. 05 13. 05 13. 08 13.18 13.15 12. 76 11.88 13. 05 11.21 11.85 12. 63 12. 72 Gull Lake------------- 6.13 6.14 6.15 5.94 5.86 5.45 5.08 5.14 5.11 5.62 6.02 6.00 1 The mean monthly stage is the average of the stages on the 1st, 10th, 20th, and the last day of the month. The total costs for the year were $77,884 for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. The five dams originally built of timber have been reconstructed of concrete. A concrete dam has been constructed at Gull Lake. Three dikes at Winnibigoshish, 4 at Pokegama, 2 at Sandy Lake, and 16 at Pine River have been constructed. Flowage rights have been acquired on all lands affected by the construction, maintenance, and operation of the reservoirs. Structures are in fair condition except for aprons at three sites. Capacity at Previous projects Existing projects Reservoir maximum Total stage (cubic C Cs cost feet) pleted pletd Cost pleted Com- Cost Winnibigoshish_ - -_- ...--- ..---...- 42, 163, 000, 000 1884 $214, 000 1900 $173, 470 $387, 470 Leech Lake---....-..-----...--..-.--.._ 32, 379, 000, 000 1884 171, 805 1902 84, 380 256, 185 Pokegama-__-- ----------- - ______.. 5, 260, 000, 000 1884 85, 000 1904 126, 030 211,030 Sandy Lake_ ___. _.- 3, 158, 000, 000 -__--.............. 1895 114, 000 1909 117, 020 231, 020 Pine River ______------------------------- 7, 733, 000, 000 1886 97, 000 1907 133, 320 230, 320 Gull Lake _ ------------------------- 3, 085, 000, 000 -_ -- ---- 1913 86, 826 86, 826 Surveys and flowage rights__ _------- __..-.__.___ _--__._--_-----___.-- -- _ 160, 939 160, 939 Total, new work__.. __-...---.--.... __-- _681,805 -------- 881, 985 1, 563, 790 Total operating and care__-___--.... __ ___-.....__ . ... 100, 857--------903, 351 1,004,208 Permanent indefinite appropriation for operating and care, Feb. 1, 1895, to end of fiscal year 1936_------.--.---.---.-__ __. __-----__--.-- ..-.-- .- - _967, 197 967, 167 Total_-------------..-.-..93 , 000, 000 778, 782, 662 ........2, 752, 533 3, 535, 165 The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $1,785,336, being $881,985 for new work and $903,351 for operating and care. In addition, the sum of $967,197 was expended between February 1, 1895, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 1030 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ----------- ------------------------ ----------------------- $1, 563, 790 Cost_----------------------------------------------------------- 1, 563, 790 Maintenance: Appropriated_ - ---__ -$98, 300 $37, 000 $71, 100 $54, 000 $69, 000 1, 975, 030 Cost----------------- 62, 996 76, 894 66, 112 59, 791 77, 884 1, 971, 405 1 Includes $681,805 for new work and $100, 857 for maintenance from previous project. 19. MISSISSIPPI RIVER, BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. (ST. PAUL DISTRICT) For report on this improvement, see page 1075. 20. MINNESOTA RIVER, MINN. Location. This river rises in Big Stone Lake, Minn., and S. Dak., and flows southeasterly about 224 miles to Mankato, Minn., thence northeasterly about 106 miles to join the Mississippi River opposite St. Paul, Minn. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of August 11, 1888, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1890 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1105 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for open-channel improvement from the Mississippi River to Shakopee (25.6 miles) to obtain a channel with 4 feet of water from the Mississippi River to Shakopee, which will accommodate vessels of 3-foot draft. The cost for new work for the completed project was $12,730, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (p. 2209 of the Annual Report for 1891). The latest pub- lished map will be found on page 1574 of the Annual Report for 1888. Local cooperation. None required under the existing project. Local interests on March 27, 1942, requested that the section of the channel between the mouth and Savage, Minn., mile 13.2, be dredged to a depth of 9 feet, and the Secretary of War under authority contained in section 4 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 4, 1915, authorized acceptance of a total of $139,670.91 as local con- tribution to defray costs of dredging in excess of the authorized 4-foot project depth. Terminal facilities. At Port Cargill, mile 13.1, Cargill, Inc., owns and operates a launching ways, a dock 650 feet in length with ware- house adjacent, with additional mooring space 1,300 feet in length and has facilities for loading grain and vegetable oils and receipt of coal. The Northern States Power Co. is operating a terminal for RIVERS AND HARBORS--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1031 the receipt of coal on the left bank at mile 9.0, and the Richards Oil Co. is operating a terminal at mile 14.5, Savage, Minn. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and snagging were carried on by hired labor at a cost for the year of $1,123. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1931. Additional channel dredging (see "Local coopera- tion"), completed in July 1943, provides: A channel with minimum depth of 9 feet and a width of 100 feet from the mouth to Port Cargill, mile 13.1, except that the 9-foot depth is restricted to a width of 74 feet at the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad bridge mile 1.6; and a launching basin at Port Cargill, near Savage, Minn., with depths up to 20 feet. Depths in this reach greater than project depth are not dependable. Navigation was practicable from Port Cargill, mile 13.1, to Shakopee for drafts not in excess of 3 feet. The total costs and expenditures under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $93,810, being $12,730 for new work and $81,080 for main- tenance. In addition, the cost and expenditure from contributed funds was $139,671 for new work dredging to a depth of 9 feet, under the provisions of section 4 of the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1915. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto1951 New work: Appropriated .. ----------- .... ------------------------ ----------------- ------- 12 $130,273 Cost------ ------------------------------------------------------------ 12 130,273 Maintenance: Appropriated . _ -$3, 856 .. $3,400 ..------------ $2,500 - 81,080 Cost_..... - 2,063 - - .- 2,873 1,905 $1,123 080 81, 1Includes $117,542 fornew work forprevious project. 2 In addition $139,671 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 21. ST. CROIX RIVER, WIS. AND MINN. Location. The source of the river is in northwestern Wisconsin. It is about 164 miles long and for its greater part forms the boundary between Wisconsin and Minnesota. It flows southwesterly and then southerly into the Mississippi River at Prescott, Wis., 41.7 miles below the lower Northern Pacific Railway bridge, Minneapolis, Minn. The portion included in this improvement extends from the mouth to Tay- lors Falls, Minn., a distance of 51.8 miles. (See United States Geo- logical Survey map of Minnesota, scale 1: 500,000, for general location.) Existing project. This provides for the maintenance of a channel, 9 feet in depth and of suitable width from the mouth to Stillwater, Minn., 24.5 miles, created by the improvement of the upper Mississippi River; a channel 3 feet deep at mean low water, between Stillwater and Taylors Falls (27.3 miles); improvement of the harbor and water front at Stillwater; and a small boat harbor at Hudson, Wis. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $261,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance for that portion of the project between the mouth and Still- 1032 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 water is $8,500. The latest authorization (1954) for maintenance work on the reach between Stillwater and Tayors Falls is limited to an expenditure of not to exceed $5,000 per year. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 18,1878 Dredging, etc., for a 3-foot channel between the H. Ex. Doc. 75, pt. 6, 43d Cong., mouth and Taylors Falls. 2d sess.; Annual Report 1875, p. 372. June 3, 1896 Harbor and waterfront at Stillwater..........-------- Jan. 21, 1927 A 6-foot channel to Stillwater __--------------------. H. Doc. 378, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 The 9-foot channel from the mouth to Stillwater--. H. Doc. 184, 72d Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 Small-boat harbor at Hudson_.--...------------------ H. Doc. 184, 81st Cong., 1st sess. The latest published map is in House Document 462, 71st Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Local interests for Hudson Harbor are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction of the project; (3) provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, access roads, parking and storage areas, mooring facilities, and util- ities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms; and (4) establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of the harbor facilities with the understanding that such facilities shall be open to all on equal terms. Local interests have not been formally requested to furnish assurances. Terminal facilities. At Stillwater there is a concrete paved levee, 550 feet long and 40 feet wide, sloping from the top of the riverbank to the water. There is also a piling and timber trestle wharf on the right bank, of which 276 feet is dock and 96 feet approach. At other points along the river, landing may be made on the banks. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were carried on by hired labor at a cost of -$81. Condition at end of fiscal year. All new work was completed in 1930 except the authorized harbor at Hudson. The extension to pro- vide a 9-foot channel from the mouth to Stillwater was completed on August 12, 1938, when full pool at dam No. 3 of the Mississippi River canalization project was reached. The minimum draft from Still- water to Taylors Falls is about 1 foot at extreme low water, and from the mouth to Stillwater, 9 feet. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $338,940, being $150,410 for new work and $188,530 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1033 Cost and financiaZ summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-- - I..------------.------------ . .------------ ------------------------ $150, 410 Cost.---- .--------------------------------------------------------------- 150,410 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $3, 186 ............ $3, 600 $26, 000 ......... 188, 640 Cost---------- -__ 5, 003------- - 2,041 27,530 -$81 188,530 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project_- ---- _ ------ $110, 600 22. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operations required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Beaver Bay Harbor, Minn.1.............------------------ 1945 -------------------------- , 18 $223, 000 2. Big Bay Harbor, 4Mich___......-------- - - - 1949 as 197, 000 3. Black River, Wis. .. .................. 1950 $67, 585 -------------- 1210, 400 4. Chippewa Harbor, Isle --Royale, - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1950 - - - - - - -Mich..--------...... 1,300 -. _--------__ 13 93, 700 5. Eagle Harbor, Mich. 1945 93, 000 $8, 993 611 112, 000- 6. Lake Traverse, Minn. and S. Dak.7 8... . 1921 92 ... 7. Lutsen Harbor, Minn.1-___-----_--- _ 1945 --------------------.. 9 t1344, 000 8. Mississippi and Leech Rivers, Minn.7_-_-....- 1929 277, 615 40, 251 Completed 9. Mississippi River between Brainerd and Grand Rapids, Minn.'lo -_-__ 10. Red Lake and Red Lake River, Minn.7...... __- 1925 1923 47, 794 3, 891 .... 9, 070 ........................... _........_ 11. Red River of the North, Minn. and N. Dak.714 1921 293,344 76, 209 .....-...... 12. Wisconsin River, Wis. 11 - - -------- - -- -- - --- - -- -- 1888 18-- -- -- 13. Zippel Bay Harbor, Minn.s 1928 27, 900 11,139 1267,100 1 Awaiting local cooperation. 2 Exclusive of $38,875 to be contributed by local interests. 3 Exclusive of $38,000 to be contributed by local interests. 4 Channels adequate for commerce. 5Assurances of local cooperation approved on Mar. 22, 1948. 6 Exclusive of $27,800 to be contributed by local interests. 7 No commerce reported. 8Abandonment recommended in 1915 (H. Doc. 439, 64th Cong., 1st sess.) and June 24, 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 0 Exclusive of $66,785 to be contributed by local interests. toAbandonment recommended June 24, 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 11Originally included in project "Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, Wis." Abandonment of improvement of Wisconsin River by channel contraction works recommended in 1886-1887 (H. Ex. Doc. 65, 49th Cong., 2d sess.). Expenditures included under project "Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, Wis." No breakdown available. 12Inactive, estimate revised in 1954. 13Estimate revised in 1955. Awaiting the appropriation of funds. 14Abandonment recommended in 1915 (H. Doc. 1666, 63d Cong., 3d sess.) and June 24, 1926 (H. Doc.467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 23. RED RIVER OF THE NORTH DRAINAGE BASIN, MINN., S. DAK., AND N. DAK. Location. The Red River of the North Basin, within the United States, includes the northeastern corner of South Dakota and much of eastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota. The Red River of the North, formed by the confluence of the Otter Tail and 1034 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Bois de Sioux Rivers, flows northward through this region, forming the boundary between North Dakota and Minnesota. (For general location of the basin, see the U. S. Geological Survey maps of the States of Minnesota and North Dakota.) Previous projects. Other flood control projects on tributaries of the Red River of the North, coordinated with but not a part of this project, are as follows: Name of project Authorization Status Lake Traverse and Bois de Sioux River, S. Dak. and Minn__ Flood Control Act Placed in operation approved June 22, in 1942.1 1936. Lake Ashtabula and Baldhill Dam, Sheyenne River, N. Dak_ Flood Control Act Placed in operation approved Dec. 22, in 1951.1 1944. Red Lake River, Minn., including Clearwater River, Minn ..... do- ........--...- Substantially com- pleted.' Homme Reservoir and Dam (Park River), N. Dak-------......--....do--------- ..........--- Placed in operation in 1951.1 Pembina River Reservoir, N. Dak ________......-----do .......------------.. Planning suspended Tongue River Reservoir, N. Dak__________.........._______-----do.........---------------Do. 1 Complete report on these projects may be found elsewhere in the report of this district. Improvements for navigation in the basin were authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 14,1867 Dredging and removal of obstructions in the Red Inactive. Abandonment recom- River of the North from Breckenridge, Minn., to mended in 1915 (H. Doc. 1666-63- the international boundary. 3) and June 24, 1926 (H Doec. 467- 69-1). For last full report, see Annual Report for 1923. June 3,1896 Amends above act to include improvements on Red Inactive. For last full report, see Lake River between Red Lake and Thief River Annual Report for 1923. Falls, Minn. July 25,1912 Improvement of Lake Traverse by construction of a Never undertaken. Abandonment channel between the upper and lower basins. recommended in 1915 (H. Doc. 439-64-1) and June 24, 1926 (H. Doc. 467-69-1). For last full re- port, see Annual Report for 1921. Existing project. The project includes improvements for local pro- tection in the interest of flood control and major drainage to be accom- plished by channel improvement, levees, etc., in addition to the construction of a multiple-purpose reservoir on Otter Tail River to control floods and, in conjunction with the previously authorized Federal reservoir projects at Baldhill site of the Sheyenne River and at Red Lake, to increase low flows for water supply and pollution abatement. The units in the comprehensive basin plan are as follows: FLOOD CONTROL---ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1035 Total esti- mated Name of.unit State Type (1955) Fed- eral cost Orwell Reservoir (Otter Tail River) .- Minnesota_ Reservoir . ----.... I1 $1, 890, 000 --- Sheyenne River_- North Dakota -------- Channel improvement_. 996, 000 Wild Rice and Marsh Rivers .----------Minnesota.---------------do 419, 000 Rush River ___ --- North Dakota .---------------do ------ ------- 220,000 Sand Hill River__---------------------- Minnesota .d.o-----_----- do .. d----------------- ... 582, 000 Mustinka River __ - -- do ------------------ do --------------- 439, 000 Maple River------- --------------- North Dakota ....----------- do ---------------- 1, 343, 000 Otter Tail River__ Minnesota ....... ---- ... . - . do -------------- 175, 000 Bois de Sioux and Red Rivers at Wah- Minnesota and North -.. do .......------------------ 666, 000 peton-Breckenridge. Dakota. Red River at Grand Forks-East Grand -... do ----------------- Levees and floodwall-... 2, 650, 000 Forks. Red River at Fargo-Moorhead _.._.------... do - Channel improvement, 2, 920, 000 levees. Total estimated cost- .............------------------------------- -------------------------- 12, 300,000 1 Includes $178,000 for lands. Estimated (1955) annual cost of maintenance (operating and care) for this unit is $8,800. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, which authorized the appropriation of funds for the partial accomplishment of the plan. The Flood Control Act of 1950 authorized completion of the plan. The latest published map is in the project document (H. Doe. 185, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation, The improvements, with the exception of the Orwell Reservoir on the Otter Tail River, are subject to the condi- tions that local interests will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the proj- ect, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of those works; (3) maintain the channels after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (4) make at their own expense all necessary changes to utilities, highways, and bridges, including approaches. No local cooperation is required in connection with the reservoir on the Otter Tail River. Immediately following authorization of the basin project, local in- terests from the entire basin signified their desire that construction of Orwell Reservoir be given first priority. At a subsequent meeting of the Tri-State Waters Commission with representatives from the three States involved and local interests, a priority was established for the local flood-protection units authorized in the basin project. Actual priority has depended largely upon ability of local interests to fulfill local cooperation requirements. Local interests for the Otter Tail and Rush River units were for- mally requested to furnish assurances on August 7, 1950, and January 26, 1954, respectively. Local interests for other units have not been formally advised in writing of the requirements of local cooperation. However, assurances have been furnished as follows, with dates of approval indicated: Wild Rice-Marsh, December 30, 1949; Sand Hill, 1036 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 January 9, 1950; Mustinka, June 16, 1950; Otter Tail, October 27, 1950; Grand Forks, July 23, 1953; and Rush, August 13, 1954. Local interests at East Grand Forks state that they are unable to furnish assurances at this time. Lands required for construction on the Wild Rice, Marsh, Otter Tail, Rush, Sand Hill, and Mustinka Rivers have been furnished. Lands for Grand Forks improvements have been furnished except for the modified levee alignment and flood wall. The completed Wild Rice River improvements were formally trans- ferred to local interests effective August 1, 1952, those for Marsh River on August 2, 1954, and those for the Otter Tail River on August 15, 1954. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning was carried on for the Sand Hill and Rush Rivers and Grand Forks im- provements. Detailed planning was continued for Fargo-Moorhead improvements. Miscellaneous designs and public contacts were car- ried on for other units. Acquisition of lands for Orwell Reservoir was completed. The contract for bulkheads at Orwell Dam was com- pleted, completing construction of that unit. Contracts for Sand Hill and Rush River improvements and remedial work on the Otter Tail River were awarded and work on Rush River was brought to 25 per- cent completion. The contract for Mustinka River was brought to 65 percent completion. On August 7, 1954, while earthfill operations were in progress, a slide occurred at the upstream end of the levee at Grand Forks. Operations were suspended in the area affected while further studies were made for remedial measures. Work in areas not affected and on drainage structures was continued until the contract was brought to 68 percent completion and then entirely suspended pending comple- tion of studies. Orwell Reservoir was operated according to plan throughout the entire year. Due to the relatively high inflow at the beginning of the fiscal year, the reservoir was maintained at the minimum operat- ing stage, elevation 1048 mean sea level (1912 adjustment) until mid- August, as a protective measure against potential flood-producing rains. Thereafter the pool was allowed to fill to elevation 1070 by the first week in November 1954. Beginning the last week in November, lowering of the reservoir was initiated and continued throughout the winter. This drawdown plus the natural discharge of the river af- forded in excess of 200 second-feet of outflow continuously through- out the winter for water use downstream and emptied the reservoir just prior to spring breakup in preparation for the anticipated run- off. Due to an extremely dry winter and spring the snow runoff was easily stored. As a result of continued dry weather, the pool was maintained between elevation 1058 and 1060 throughout April and May 1955 and raised to about elevation 1066 by the end of the fiscal year. No flooding occurred in the Otter Tail or Red Rivers down- stream from the dam and there was no flooding which required opera- tion of the dam for relief. Costs for new work for the fiscal year were as follows: FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1037 Unit Costs Orwell Reservoir .............................................................-----------------------------------------....... $17, 294 Sheyenne River ................................................................---------------------------------------------------------------- 1, 276 Wild Rice and Marsh Rivers---...-------- ------------------------------------------. 3, 041 Rush River.------.....----............................................------------------------------------------------------........... 65, 470 Sand Hill River....--------------------------------------------------------------- 29, 777 Mustinka River....................................................................--------------------------------------------------------------- 159, 100 Maple River......................................................................---------------------------------------------------------------------.. 30 Otter Tail River ............................---------------------------..--...--....----....--------...........---.............--------------.... 1, 208 Wahpeton-Breckenridge .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . Grand Forks-East Grand Forks _----------- ----------------------------------------- 28, 372 Fargo-Moorhead----------------------------------------------------....................................................---------........- 282, 180 Total Red River of the North----........----------..............--------------------------------- 587, 748 Cost of work by classes: Advanced planning, including designs, $130,065; land acquisition, $1,281; construction of channel improve- ments, $202,478; levees, pumping plants and interior drainage, $235,725; relocations, $3,400; other, $14,799. Costs by hired labor, $133,639; by contract, $454,109. In addition, costs for operation and maintenance of Orwell Dam were $10,322. Total costs for the year were $598,070. Condition at end of fiscal year. Detailed plans and designs for Orwell, Wild Rice-Marsh, Mustinka, Rush, Sand Hill and Otter Tail River features, and those for the Grand Forks feature have been completed except designs for the proposed floodwall. Detailed plans are 75 percent, 96 percent, and 50 percent complete, respectively, for Sheyenne River, Fargo-Moorhead, and Wahpeton-Breckenridge features. Those for East Grand Forks were included jointly with Grand Forks. A total of 1,985 acres of land has been acquired. Channel improvement on the Wild Rice River was started in August 1950 and completed in July 1952. The Orwell Reservoir feature was initiated in May 1951 and was completed in July 1953. Closure of the dam was made in August 1952 and the dam was placed in operation in the spring of 1953. Channel improvements on the Otter Tail River were initiated in January 1953 and were completed in June 1954. Contracts for Marsh River channel improvements were initiated in October 1953 and completed in June 1954. The project as a whole is 29 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of minor work on the Marsh River, and improvements on Sheyenne and Maple Rivers, and at East Grand Forks, Fargo-Moorhead, and Wahpeton-Breckenridge, as well as completion of contracts in progress. Total costs to June 30, 1955, for new work are as follows: Unit Costs Orwell Reservoir.................................................................-----------------------------------...------------------------ $1, 887, 051 Sheyenne River.............................................................--------------------------------------------------------------- 32, 889 Wild Rice-Marsh Rivers--------- --------------- ------------------- ---------------------- 403, 990 Rush River ...............-------------..................---------......----------------------------------------------------- 90, 605 Sand Hill River----....................---------.....................................----------------------------------.....---------------- 94, 359 Mustinka River------------------------------------ .......................................................................--------------------------- 313, 159 Maple River------------------------------..................................................-------------------...........------------------... 1, 084 Otter Tail River .----------...............---------------------------------------------------- 169, 704 Wahpeton-Breckenridge-----_...----------------------------------------------------- 9, 240 Grand Forks-East Grand Forks----.............---------------------------------------------- 506, 121 Fargo-Moorhead----.........................................-------....--------......-------------........--------------------------- 109, 299 Total Red River of the North_----.......---.-...... ------------ ........... 3, 617, 501 1038 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Costs to June 30, 1955, for operation and maintenance of Orwell Dam are $36,519. Total costs for the project to date are $3,654,020. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ------------------ .... _ $700, 000 $622, 000 $455, 000 $300, 000 $4, 086,100 Cost ---------------- $335,787 1,031,164 828,905 520,108 587, 748 3, 617, 501 Maintenance: Appropriated_------ ________------- ------- __ 9, 450 16, 900 14, 664 41, 014 -------------- Cost_________--- -8, 648 17, 549 10, 322 36, 519 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1155 _____ - - $164, 923 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-... 650, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____________-__ __ 814, 923 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ ___ __ _ --- 7, 563, 900 24. RED LAKE RIVER, MINN., INCLUDING CLEARWATER RIVER, MINN. Location. The works covered by this project lie along the upper reach of the Red Lake River and also along the Clearwater River, a tributary of the Red Lake River, between a point near Plummer, Minn., and a point just above the mouth of Ruffy Brook. Red Lake River, the principal tributary of the Red River of the North, has its source at the outlet of Lower Red Lake in the northwestern por- tion of Minnesota and has a total length of about 196 river miles. It flows in a westerly direction to its junction with the Red River of the North at East Grand Forks, Minn. The meandering length of the Clearwater River in its general westerly course from its source near Ebro, Minn., to its junction with the Red Lake River at Red Lake Falls, Minn., is about 205 miles. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. The following features are included in the plan of improvement: Rectification and enlargement of 27.5 miles of the channel of the Red Lake River so as to provide sufficient channel capacity throughout the reach between river mile 154.3 near High Landing, Minn., and a point 4.5 miles east of the west boundary of the Indian Reservation, and the reach from the outlet of Lower Red Lake to a point 3.2 miles westerly thereof; modification of the existing stop-log structure, which was constructed at the outlet of Lower Red Lake by the Indian Service, so as to provide for the installation of three hand operated lift gates, and one stop-log bay; raising 6.9 miles of highway at west end of Lower Red Lake to prevent overtopping; and rectification, clearing, and enlargement of 47.3 miles of the channel of the Clearwater River so as to provide sufficient channel capacity between river mile 31.8 at Plummer, Minn., and mile 79.1 upstream from the mouth of Ruffy Brook. The channel improvements elimi- nate a large percentage of the flood damages resulting from overflow of the rivers and provide adequate channels in Red Lake and Clear- FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1039 water Rivers to carry the discharge from drainage ditches. Modifi- cation of the existing control works at the outlet of Lower Red Lake provides for a discharge capacity of 1,000 cubic feet per second through the structure when the lake is at normal elevation (1,174) and will insure the release of sufficient water to provide water supply and pollution abatement benefits to municipalities along Red Lake River, and to assist in such provision along the Red River of the North below the mouth of Red Lake River. The estimated cost to the United States for new work, revised in 1955, is $2,766,000. The approved (1954) estimated annual cost to the United States for maintenance is $10,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 345, 78th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the conditions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will, without cost to the United States, provide all flowage easements and rights-of-way; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works and operation; make a cash contribution of $33,220 in lieu of altering bridges; take over the maintenance and subsequent re- placement of all bridges improved by the United States; maintain the improved river channels; control the contamination by rural areas and villages without sewer systems of Red Lake, Clearwater, and Thief Rivers; require that municipalities which discharge sewage into Red Lake, Clearwater, or Thief River treat their sewage before discharge into the streams so as to effect a reduction in the biochemi- cal oxygen demand of not less than 85 percent for towns of 1,000 population or greater and of 35 percent for municipalities having a population of less than 1,000; and prevent the construction of any new dams or the raising of any existing dams in Red Lake, Clear- water, or Thief Rivers downstream from Lower Red Lake, Clearwater Lake, or Mud Lake unless authorized by the Department of the Army. Provisions of local cooperation have been complied with. Rights- of-entry were furnished as indicated in real estate final report sub- mitted September 8, 1954, and local interests furnished $33,220 cash contribution of which $3,200 was refunded to them in July 1953 for alteration of the River Valley bridge performed by them. Com- pleted portions of the project except the outlet structure, the control structures on Butcher Knife Creek, and the weir on the Red Lake River within the Indian Reservation were formally transferred to local interests in two portions effective November 15, 1953, and November 5, 1954, respectively. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract for snagging and clearing from the lower end of the channel excavation to Plum- mer, Minn., on the Clearwater River was completed. Some minor work was accomplished by hired labor. The Red Lake Dam was operated as required and emergency repairs were made to the rock and brush weir on the Red Lake River. At the beginning of the fiscal year, the water surface of Red Lakes was about elevation 1174.5 mean sea level (1912 adjustment) 0.5 foot 363037-55--vol. 2 66 1040 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 above normal pool. By discharging slightly in excess of 600 second- feet during July 1954 and about 300 second-feet continuously there- after, pool was lowered to elevation 1173.6 for the spring breakup which occurred during the first week of April 1955. The discharge was maintained at about 300 second-feet through June 30, 1955. At the end of fiscal year 1955, the pool had reached elevation 1174.5, the same elevation as at the beginning of the fiscal year. No flooding occurred downstream and none was of sufficient extent to require operation of the dam for relief. Costs for the year for new work were $11,830 United States funds, being $10,976 by contract and $854 by hired labor. Costs for the year for operating and care were $7,675. Total costs for the fiscal year were $19,505. Condition at end of fiscal year. Detailed plans, flowage surveys, and plans and specifications are completed. Construction initiated in February 1948, on the Red Lake River, and in October 1948, on the Clearwater River has been completed. About 6,576,700 cubic yards of material have been removed under the seven contracts em- racing this work. The project was substantially completed in June 1953, only minor work remaining to be done. Operation of the Red Lake Dam was taken over by the Department of the Army from the Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, on April 1, 1951. Channels are in good condition and have indicated the effectiveness of the project. Project as a whole is completed except for prepara- tion of completion drawings and reservoir regulation manual. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1955, was $2,791,- 090, of which $2,761,070 were Federal funds and $30,020 were con- tributed funds. Cost of operation and care was $22,057. Total costs were $2,813,147. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-----... ..... $229, 100 --------- _---------- $40, 000 -$29, 000 1 $2, 766, 000 Cost---_ -------------- 546, 192 $699, 621 $280, 077 13, 076 11, 830 1 2, 761, 070 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... -2, 000 2, 120 4, 000 6, 100 7, 342 22, 562 Cost.___--------- 792 3, 545 3, 584 6, 461 7, 675 22, 057 1In addition $30,020 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------------- $4, 930 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------------- 4, 930 25. HOMME RESERVOIR AND DAM, N. DAK. Location. The dam site is located on the South Branch of the Park River, about 4 miles upstream from Park River, N. Dak., and 62.1 miles above the mouth of the Park River. South, Middle, and North Branches, the headwater streams of the Park River, rise in Cavalier County in northeastern North TDakota and flow in an easterly direction to an almost common confluence near Grafton, N. Dak., FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1041 forming the main stream which flows easterly 35 miles to join the Red River of the North about 35 miles south of the international boundary. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of North Dakota.) Existing project. The following features are included in the plan of improvement: An earthfill dam, having a height of about 67 feet above the streambed and a length of 865 feet; a 5-foot inside diameter concrete conduit under the dam, with control gates located in tower at upstream end; and a spillway adjacent to the dam with 150-foot crest at an elevation of 19 feet below the dam crest and a chute with a bottom width of 150 feet. Partial flood control protection is afforded by the reservoir of 7,100 acre-feet capacity which is created by the dam, and the reservoir storage capacity of 3,650 acre-feet below spillway crest (1,080) is used to provide a flow of about 5 second-feet in the river to meet the water conservation needs in the reach from the dam to Grafton, N. Dak. In addition, a 16-inch cast-iron pipe water sup- ply outlet through the dam has been provided at the request of local interests with payment by them. The estimated cost to the United States for new work revised in 1955 is $1,320,000. The (1954) estimated annual cost of maintenance is $9,500. The project was authorized as "Park River Reservoir" by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (S. Doc. 194, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) and was redesignated "Homme Reservoir and Dam" by Public Law 435, 80th Congress, 2d session, approved March 5, 1948. The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the conditions that local interests make a cash contribution of $40,000 toward the construction cost, and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; make necessary changes in roads, bridges, and utilities; maintain the channel below the reservoir; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; limit future construction of dams below the reservoir; and prevent the discharge of raw sewage into the river by municipalities. Provisions of local cooperation have been complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Minor engineering and construction work were accomplished by hired labor. The structure was operated and necessary minor repairs were made by hired labor. At the beginning of the fiscal year, the pool was full, elevation 1080 mean sea level (1912 adjustment). Pool was lowered gradually to about 1075.0 by November 1 by discharging at a relatively constant rate of about 7 second-feet. The winter discharge was reduced to about 3 second-feet, resulting in a draw-down to elevation 1073.5 immediately prior to spring breakup on March 30, 1955. By April 1 the pool had crested at about elevation 1082 with a maximum discharge of 1125 second-feet. By April 13 the pool had receded to elevation 1080.3 and the discharge had dropped to approximately 40 second-feet which was maintained until April 30 when excessive scouring under the crest slab of the spillway was noted. As a precaution against further scouring, the pool was lowered to about elevation 1076, 4 feet 1042 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 below spillway crest, and was maintained at approximately this eleva- tion until the end of the fiscal year. No flooding occurred downstream from the dam and no flooding was of sufficient extent to require opera- tion of the project for relief. Costs for the year for new work were $3,284 all by hired labor. Costs of operation and maintenance for the year were $10,678. Total costs were $13,962. Condition at end of fiscal year. Design and construction of the project are completed, except for remaining construction of public-use facilities most of which has been deferred indefinitely. Construction was initiated in April 1948, and major structures were completed in May 1951. The project as a whole is 99 percent complete. Structures are in good condition except for an extensive washout under the spill- way which will require early rehabilitation. Preparation of comple- tion drawings and reservoir operation manual will complete the project. The total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1955, was. $1,367,130 of which $1,310,910 were Federal funds and $56,220 were contributed funds. Cost of operation and maintenance was $33,413. Total cost for all work was $1,400,543. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ....---- --$55, 288 $77, 500 __ $2, 000 1$1, 320, 000 Cost__________ 248, 175 98, 797 $46, 462 $3, 031 3, 284 1 1, 310, 910 Maintenance: Appropriated ----- -- 3, 300 2, 400 3, 800 11, 200 9, 356 34, 556, Cost_______--------- - 2, 303 4, 664 6, 597 9, 171 10, 678 33, 413. 1 In addition $56, 220 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-- $8, 888. Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------- -------------------------------- 8, 888 26. LAKE ASHTABULA AND BALDHILL DAM, SHEYENNE RIVER, N. DAK. Location. The Baldhill Dam site is located on the Sheyenne River, 16 miles upstream from Valley City, N. Dak., and about 271 miles above the mouth. The Sheyenne River rises in central North Dakota and flows 500 miles generally southeast to enter the Red River of the North about 10 miles north of Fargo, N. Dak. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of North Dakota.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of an earthfill dam, having a height of about 61 feet above the streambed and a total length of 1,650 feet, with a concrete spillway- control section consisting of a concrete gravity ogee section with overall length, including piers, of 140 feet. The crest is at elevation 1,252 and is surmounted by three standard design Tainter gates each 40 feet long and top elevation at 1,267. A gate-controlled 3-foot diameter conduit has been provided in each of the two center piers. FLOOD CONTROr--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1043 'The dam creates a reservoir of 70,700 acre-feet capacity and controls the runoff from an effective drainage area of 1,988 square miles, there- by providing a substantial degree of flood control to the cities, villages, and urban areas along the Sheyenne River and providing substantial water supply and pollution abatement for the section of the Sheyenne River below the dam and the section of the Red River of the North below the mouth of the Sheyenne River. In order that a part of the regulated flow may be available for water supply and pollution abate- ment in the Red River of the North at Fargo, N. Dak., the plan also provides for the construction of a low diversion dam in the Sheyenne River 35 miles above the mouth, and a short ditch leading thence to the existing Stanley ditch, the latter to be cleared and deepened to the Red River of the North which it enters about 9 miles above Fargo. The estimated cost (1955) to the United States for new work is :$2,653,000. The estimated annual cost (1954) for maintenance is $30,000 for operating and care of the Baldhill Dam. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (S. Doc. 193, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. The reservoir above Baldhill Dam has been designated as Lake Ashtabula by Public Law 772, 81st Congress, 2d session, approved September 8, 1950. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condition that no funds shall be expended on construction of the project until local interests have contributed $208,000 toward the first cost of the reservoir and until responsible local agencies have given assurances :satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will (1) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (2) bear the expense of all necessary alterations of utilities, roads, highways, and bridges; (3) construct, operate, and maintain the Fargo diversion dam and diversion ditch improvements in accordance with plans and regulations to be approved by the Secretary of War; (4) maintain the channels below the reservoir in satisfactory condition for the flow of water released from storage, to include the prevention of encroachments on the carrying capacity of the channel which would unduly interfere with the conveyance of floodwater; and (5) establish and enforce suitable regulations to prevent pollution of the waters of Sheyenne River. Provisions of local cooperation have been complied with except for construction of the Fargo diversion dam and ditch, assurances for which, furnished by the city of Fargo, were approved by the Secretary of War on June 26, 1947. Plans for this feature have been prepared. Operations and results during fiscal year. Designs and minor con- struction work were carried on by hired labor. Contracts for 2 stages of fencing and tree planting in the reservoir area were in progress, of which 1 was completed. A contract for construction of an access road to a recreation area was completed. Structures were operated.as required and necessary repairs made by hired labor. As a result of heavy rains in June 1954, the reservoir was filled to elevation 1266 mean sea level (1912 adjustment) at the beginning of fiscal year 1955. Timely rains during July, August, and September resulted in sustaining full pool and simultaneously insured adequate discharge from the reservoir for water needs down- 1044 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 stream through October 1954. Except for about 21/2 weeks during August when the discharge from Baldhill Dam was reduced to about 13 second-feet to facilitate construction of a small dam by private interests downstream, at least 50 second-feet were discharged through the dam from July through October. On November 1, the discharge was increased slightly to lower the reservoir to elevation 1262.9 mean. sea level by March 15 for spring breakup. A maximum pool elevation of 1266.9 was reached on April 12, but was quickly lowered to eleva- tion 1266.0 (normal full pool) by increasing the discharge (maximum about 1,500 second-feet). Pool was maintained at approximately the latter elevation until the end of the fiscal year. During the high dis- charge period several complaints were registered by farmers down- stream who had built low access bridges across the river or who had cultivated bottomlands well below the general channel capacity of about 3,000 second-feet. Costs for the year for new work were $16,223: by contract, $11,240; by hired labor, $4,983. Costs for the year for operation and mainte- nance were $23,824. Total costs for the year were $40,047. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary planning, including designs and master plan for public-use facilities, is substantially complete. Land acquisition for the project, including acquisition of 7,816.5 acres in fee and easements on 666.2 acres, has been completed. Construction was initiated in July 1947 and major features were completed in November 1950. The dam was placed in emergency operation in April 1950 and in permanent operation in the spring of 1951. Structures are in good condition. Completion of one existing contract will complete the project except for minor items and construction of additional public-use facilities, which have been indefinitely deferred. Total costs of new work to June 30, 1955, were $2,850,955, being $2,642,955 Federal funds and $208,000 contributed funds. Total costs of operation and maintenance were $149,262. Total costs for all work were $3,000,217. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------........ $318, 650 _ - - I $2, 653, 150 Cost__------------- 162, 741 $144, 532 $67, 746 $23, 733 $16, 223 12, 642, 955 Maintenance: Appropriated _--------- 35, 350 17, 200 20, 650 46, 900 24, 138 149, 738 Cost----------- ------ 35, 563 21, 210 20, 767 47, 560 23, 824 149, 262 1 In addition $208,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $7, 172 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------- ------------- ----------------- --- 7, 172 27. LAKE TRAVERSE AND BOIS DE SIOUX RIVERS, S. DAK. AND MINN. Location. The works covered by this project lie along Lake Tra- verse and Bois de Sioux River between the upper end of Lake Traverse FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1045 at Browns Valley, Minn., and the mouth of Bois de Sioux River at Breckenridge, Minn. The lake drains through the river to the Red River of the North, and the two waters form a portion of the bound- ary between the State of Minnesota and the States of North and South Dakota. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for use of Lake Traverse as a flood control and water conservation reservoir and for channel improvement in the river below the lake. It includes construction of a dam near White Rock, S. Dak., at the north end of Lake Traverse, a structure at the Reservation Highway crossing for control of the upper section of the reservoir, levees, and embank- ments necessary near Browns Valley, Minn., and channel improve- ment of approximately 24 miles of the Bois de Sioux River from the outlet of Lake Traverse northward toward Breckenridge, Minn. The dam near White Rock, S. Dak., consists of a control section with concrete abutments, piers, and stilling basin and 3 Tainter gates, each 13 feet wide by 16 feet deep between 2 sections of rolled-fill embank- ment with a total length of approximately 14,550 feet from high ground on the Minnesota side to high ground on the South Dakota side. This dam supplemented by channel improvement of the Bois de Sioux River downstream and an embankment approximately 5,000 feet long at the south end of Lake Traverse for the protection of Browns Valley, Minn., constitutes the flood control feature of the project. The structure at Reservation Highway crossing consists of a stone-paved dike spillway with superimposed stop-log spans with total length of approximately 113 feet between steel-sheet pile abut- ment walls behind which compacted fill with soil-cement slab pave- ment connects with the existing highway, and is operated to maintain the water level in the upper section of the lake. The project, with reservoir capacity for flood control of 137,000 acre-feet, affords pro- tection to about 42,000 acres of agricultural land from floods up to those which may be expected to occur once in 30 years and should restore Lake Traverse to its former natural condition as a habitat for an abundance of wildlife and fish. The cost of the completed project was $1,332,200. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $16,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during the fiscal year. The project was operated according to plan and necessary repairs were made by hired labor. At the beginning of the fiscal year Lake Traverse was at normal conservation level, elevation 976.0 mean sea level (1912 adjust- ment), and White Rock pool was about 0.2 foot below conservation level, elevation 972.0 mean sea level. Due to lack of rainfall and to excessive evaporation both pools gradually receded. By February 1955, Lake Traverse had dropped to 975.2 and White Rock pool had frozen to the bottom. No discharge was made during the entire year and not even the spring runoff was sufficient to fill the pools. At the end of the fiscal year both pools were dropping due to subnormal precipitation. Lake Traverse was about elevation 975.2 and White 1046 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Rock pool approximately elevation 971.0, or 0.8 foot and 1.0 foot below their respective normal conservation levels. Costs for the year were $15,486 for operation and maintenance by hired labor. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in June 1948. Fee title to 1,315.48 acres and easements on 5,952.35 acres of land have been acquired. The White Rock Dam and Reserva- tion control structure are in operation, and the structures and appur- tenances are in good condition. The roadways across structures are open to public travel. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $1,491,721, being $1,332,200 for new work and $159,521 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---------......... -- -------------- ---------------------- ------------ $1, 332, 200 Cost------ ------------- ------------ ----------- ------------ ------------ 1, 332, 200 Maintenance: ...... Appropriated--- $9, 650 $14, 200 13, 700 $18, 900 $13, 300 160, 250 Cost------------------ 10, 552 13, 206 13, 966 17, 972 15, 486 159, 521 28. MISSISSIPPI RIVER NEAR AITKIN, MINN. Location. The area under consideration lies mainly in Aitkin County in northeastern Minnesota, approximately 80 miles west of Lake Superior and about 100 miles north of Minneapolis and St. Paul. The Mississippi River in this area flows in a general south- westerly direction through Aitkin County. Aitkin, Minn., is ,on the Mississippi River 1,055.9 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. The following features are included in the plan of improvement. A diversion channel on a general east-west aline- ment between miles 1,064 and 1,040.4 on the Mississippi River, being a channel about 6 miles in length and, with the exception of a con- tracted section at each end of the main diversion channel, a bottom width of 90 feet and 1 on 3 side slopes; a channel about 1,100 feet in length permitting the Little Willow River to enter the main diversion channel and a 2,800-foot channel diverting Wakefield Creek into the main diversion channel; erosion control structures at the mouth of the Little Willow and Wakefield Creek diversions and at one other point. In addition, 2 supplementary diversion channels are located down- stream, the, 800-foot Pine Knoll diversion between miles 1,040.9 and 1,040.1 and the 1,300-foot Tow Head Rapids diversion located between miles 1,031.4 and 1,030.5. The improvements alleviate the flood con- dition and improve drainage in and near Aitkin, Minn. The estimate of cost (1955) to the United States for new work is $1,720,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1047 June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 599, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the conditions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (3) bear the ex- pense of all necessary construction or alterations of utilities, roads, highways, and bridges; (4) maintain all works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (5) prevent future encroachment in the flood plain of the Mis- sissippi River within limits of the project. The responsibility for local cooperation was assumed by the Aitkin Drainage and Conservancy District which has furnished assurances and provided necessary rights-of-entry to lands required for construc- tion. The project has not yet been transferred to local interests. Operation and results during fiscal year. Designs were carried on by hired labor. A contract for construction of the main diversion channel, including Wakefield Creek diversion, was completed, as was a contract for the inlet control, approach dredging, and upper bank protection. It is estimated that operation of the project in the 1955 spring high water resulted in a reduction in stage of 2.8 feet in the vicinity of Aitkin. Costs for the year for advance planning and minor construction by hired labor were $12,525 and for construction by contract were $301,- 620. Total costs were $314,145. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans is complete and plans and specifications are complete except for re- medial measures. Construction was initiated in September 1952 and the project is 89 percent complete. Work on Pine Knoll and Tow Head Rapids cutoffs, Little Willow River diversion, county ditch No. 11 drop structure, and the main diversion channel with control structures are complete. After the high water in April 1955, damage was found to the bank protection in the vicinity of the inlet control and at the Wakefield Creek and county ditch No. 11 improvements. Repair of this damage will complete the project. Other structures are in good condition. Total costs of the project to June 30, 1955, were $1,529,967 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------- $47, 590 $600, 000 $597, 000 _- $270, 699 $1, 540, 289 Cost------------------ 12,184 63, 514 393, 047 $746, 232 314,145 1, 529, 967 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 .__. $10, 322 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956..... 180, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_---------- -- ___ 190, 322 1048 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 29. LAO QUI PARLE RESERVOIR, MINNESOTA RIVER, MINN. Location. The works covered by this project lie along Marsh and Lac qui Parle Lakes and the Minnesota River between the head of Marsh Lake and Granite Falls, Minn. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. Construction of the Lac qui Parle Reservoir was initiated as a Works Progress Administration project sponsored by the State of Minnesota, prior to its authorization as a Federal project by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The plan of improvement provides for completion and maintenance by the Department of the Army of the structures on Marsh and Lac qui Parle Lakes and the Chippewa River diversion works, substantially completed by the Works Progress Administration for use of Marsh and Lac qui Parle Lakes as flood control and water conservation reser- voirs, and for channel improvement of the Minnesota River below the lakes. The project includes a main dam at the outlet of Lac qui Parle Lake, a structure between Marsh Lake and Lac qui Parle Lake, for control of the Marsh Lake Reservoir, a dam and diversion channel near Watson, Minn., for diverting floodwaters of the Chippewa River into the Lac qui Parle Reservoir, necessary alterations to highways, railroads, and bridges in the vicinity, and improvement of the chan- nel of the Minnesota River at various locations between Lac qui Parle Lake and Granite Falls. The Lac qui Parle Dam, which carries a highway across the Minnesota River, consists of a control structure of 12 bridge spans incorporating sluice gates and fixed spillway weirs, a 2,500-foot emergency spillway, and sections of highway embank- ment connecting with high ground on either side of the valley. The Marsh Lake Dam consists of a 112-foot concrete spillway, and two sections of dredged earthfill totaling approximately 9,700 feet in length, including an auxiliary 90-foot grouted riprap overflow spill- way. The Chippewa River flood diversion dam consists of a concrete fixed crest structure supporting a highway bridge, and section of earthfill through which is provided a conduit for discharge of low water flow. The diversion channel for passing floodwaters of the Chippewa River into the Lac qui Parle Reservoir is 3,500 feet in length cut through a natural ridge separating the river and an arm of the lake and includes a 6-span concrete submerged weir, also sup- porting a bridge, which allows a reverse flow from the lake. A rolled earthfill dike extending along the lower south side of the channel is an extension of the diversion dam and serves also to protect the adja- cent railroad tracks from being flooded. Completion of the project included improvements to Lac qui Parle Dam and spillway, improve- ments to Marsh Lake Dam, access roads, and dike, Great Northern bridge alterations, and construction of a Tainter gate at the Chippewa Dam, and stage-recorder houses. Improvement of the Minnesota River between Lac qui Parle Lake and Granite Falls consists of rock removal, snag removal, and cutoffs at various locations to provide FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1049 for increasing the bank-full capacity of the channel. The project, with reservoir capacity of about 96,700 acre-feet for flood control above normal elevations of the 2 conservation pools, provides protec- tion for agricultural lands against summer floods. Storage of 58,500 acre-feet for conservation purposes provided below normal elevations of conservation pools results in improved lake levels for recreation and game conservation in addition to providing for increased low water flow downstream for agricultural interests and for sewage disposal at Granite Falls. The estimate of cost (1955) to the United States for completion of the project is $564,000 for construction and $397,000 for lands and damages. The estimated (1954) annual cost of maintenance is $23,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work pertaining to transfer of land from the State of Minnesota to the United States was continued by hired labor. A substantial payment was made to the State in March 1955 for these lands. Structures were operated according to plan and necessary minor repairs were made to structures. Lac qui Parle Reservoir was maintained at conservation level, ele- vation 931.2 mean sea level (1929 adjustment), for the period July through October. Additional inflow caused a rise to elevation 932.2 during November which level was maintained until mid-February when drawdown was initiated prior to the anticipated spring runoff. Except for the month of March 1955 when the outflow averaged about 600 second-feet, the outflow averaged less than 250 second-feet. The peak level during the fiscal year occurred on March 15, 1955 at eleva- '929.3; tion 932.4 The minimum stage occurred on March 27 at elevation the reservoir having been drawn down the second time in antici- pation of potential spring runoff. At the end of the fiscal year Lac qui Parle Reservoir was at elevation 931.5, slightly higher than normal conservation level. Costs for the year for new work were $3,724, being $414 for hired labor and $3,310 for land acquisition. Costs for operation and main- tenance were $15,463. Total costs were $19,187. Condition at end of fiscal year. Transfer of the project from the State of Minnesota to the United States was consummated on Septem- ber 7, 1950. Previously operated by the State of Minnesota, the project has been operated by the Government according to the approved plan of operation since that time. Easements on 32.8 acres of land have been obtained and fee title to 516.3 acres and easements on 19,642.6 acres of land are in process of acquisition. Construction under the present plan of improvement was started in September 1941 and was completed in December 1951. All structures are in good condition. Completion of land acquisition will complete the project. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $1,112,- 713, of which $921,215 was for new work and $191,498 was for opera- tion and maintenance. 1050 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated . --- ... -.. .- - .- ----------------- ------- $961, 000 Cost-_------------ $116, 933 $103, 867 $2,888 $317,365 $3,724 921, 215 Maintenance: Appropriated- - -- _ -4, 600 63, 300 61, 900 22, 100 12, 200 191, 900 Cost----------------- 16, 595 40, 428 74, 408 38, 153 15, 463 191, 498 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $27, 285 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 27, 285 30. UPPER IOWA RIVER, IOWA Location. The works covered by the project include improvement of the Upper Iowa River in the vicinity of its mouth with an outlet through the floodplain west of the Mississippi River, about 1.5 miles south of New Albin, in the extreme northeast corner of the State of Iowa. (For general location see the U. S. Geological Survey map of Iowa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for an ade- quate outlet for the Upper Iowa River and to improve the present channel above mile 0.2 by rectification of the existing channel from mile 4.2 to mile 0.2 and construction of a new outlet channel from the latter point to a point on Minnesota Slough opposite mile 671.5 on the Mississippi River, a distance of about 3 miles. The channel would accommodate a maximum discharge of 10,000 cubic feet per second. Spoil material would be placed in levees which would give agricultural lands maximum protection from the design flow. The plan also provides for riprap protection at the railroad bridge and two highway bridges. The estimated cost to the United States for new work, revised in 1955, is $1,060,000. The estimated annual cost (1954) to the United States for maintenance is $15,000 for increased maintenance in the Mississippi River and maintenance of Minnesota Slough. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 375, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) Furnish without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction of the project; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (c) maintain and operate the project in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (d) prevent encroachments which would reduce the flood-carrying capacity of the channel. Local interests have not been requested to furnish assurances. It will be necessary for local interests to form a legal body by court order prior to fur- nishing assurances. FLOOD CONTROI--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1051 Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done. Cost and financialsummary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------ $68, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 68, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of exist- ing project---- ---- ---- - 992, 000 31. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full report, June 30, 1955 amount Name of project see Annual required Report for-- Construction Operation and to required complete 4 maintenance Dry Run, Iowa_________________________________ Pembina River,Reservoir, N. Dak _- --- 1951 1 $1, 706, 900 ------------- Completed. 1950 50, 000 -_ - $760, 000 Tongue River Reservoir, N. Dak 1950 23, 695 __________ 2 856, 300 Upper Mississippi River Basin (St. Paul district)_ 1950 .________............ ____...__. 23, 700, 000 Black River Reservoir, Wis. 1 Exclusive of $42,765.80 expended from contributed funds. 2 Further work deferred pending review of H. Doc. 565, 78th Cong., 2d sess. (inactive). 34 Has not been selected for construction (inactive). Revised in1954. 32. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORKS Inspections under this heading are made of completed flood control projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. The inspections are for the purpose of determining that the project channels are kept clean and unobstructed, dikes and revetments are in good condition, and structures are in good repair and operable. Seventeen inspections of 10 projects, totaling 238.3 miles of local improvements, were made during the year. The projects were found in good condition, although minor deficiencies were called to the attention of the local operating official. Costs for the year were $647. Total costs to June 30, 1955, were $975. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ $300 -$220 $425 $300 $200 $1,005 Cost _________________ 80 _ .. .. 85 163 647 975 33. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act.) In addition to funds previously allotted under this heading, the sum of $7,149.04 was made available during fiscal year 1955 for snagging and clearing on the South Fork of the Yellow Bank River, Minn., and at the mouth of Root River, Minn., and $745 was made 1052 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 available for reconnaissance of the Maple River at Enderlin, N. Dak.,, and of the North Branch of the Park River in the vicinity of Hoople, N. Dak., for the purpose of recommendations as to the feasibility of projects at those locations. Work on the South Fork of the Yellow Bank River has consisted of a study relative to possible extension of the project at the request of local interests. It became apparent that local interests on the Root River would be unable to meet requirements of local cooperation at an early date so only premilinary work was accomplished after which the project was dropped. Plans and speci- fications for snagging and clearing of the South Fork of the Crow River at Hutchinson, Minn., have been prepared with funds allotted prior to this fiscal year. Total costs for the year were $6,209. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ........--------- $52, 431 $85, 000 $64, 300 $5, 600 $7, 894 1 $303, 331 Cost--_ _---.--.-.-- 89, 187 6, 961 100, 704 39, 772 6, 209 1 291, 646 1Includes project in the former Duluth district, completed in fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- _ $11, 685 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 11, 685 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). BAYFIELD, WIS. The project at this location provides for an inlet structure, steel culvert, open concrete flume, and outfall structure to protect the city of Bayfield by diverting the flow in Ball Park Creek. Local interests furnished the items of local cooperation required by section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948, as amended. Construction was accomplished in two parts. The Federal portion by contract provided for construction of the debris basin, inlet struc- ture, earth dikes, an earth-covered steel pipe. Work was started on August 18, 1954, and was completed on November 19, 1954, except for topsoiling and seeding which was completed in June 1955. The balance of the project was constructed by local interests under a State of Wisconsin Highway Department contract in the period September to December 1954 with topsoiling and seeding being done in June 1955 at a contract cost of about $42,000. This work included construc- tion of an open concrete flume and outfall at the Lake Superior end of the project. The entire project was completed in June 1955 and was transferred to local authorities in May 1955. Cost to the United States during the fiscal year was $132,905. Total costs to the United States to June 30, 1955, were $140,801. FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1053 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated . ------------------------ $147, 800 ----------- $147, 800 Cost ----------------------------------------------- 7,896 $132, 905 140,801 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_-------------------------------------------------------_ $6, 999 SWAN CREEK NEAR CASSELTON, N. DAK. The project for improvement of Swan Creek, near Casselton, N. Dak., was approved and funds were allotted for construction prior to this fiscal year. Approval was subject to general requirements specified by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, as amended, with the additional provision that local interests assume all construc- tion costs in excess of $150,000 and make such funds available to the District Engineer prior to initiation of construction. Assurances submitted by the North Dakota State Water Conservation Commis- sion have been approved covering the provisions of local cooperation including the provisions for assuming all costs in excess of $150,000 and for assuming the additional costs of a modified channel align- ment requested by local interests. The Swan Creek Water Conserva- tion and Flood Control District, the sponsoring agency, had acquired substantially all of the lands required for construction, but on June 7, 1954, that agency requested a 6-month delay in proceeding with further work on the project to permit local interests to make a restudy of the whole drainage problem in light of the overall expenditures presently contemplated. Plans and specifications for the channel excavation are substantially complete and an agreement has been consummated with the Northern Pacific Railway Company for relocation of a bridge over Swan Creek. All further work in connection with this project has been indefinitely suspended since June 1954 except for whatever contacts have been or may be required with local interests in connection with their restudy of the project. Cost of the work during the fiscal year was $217. Total costs to June 30, 1955, are $17,713. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated -------------------- . $6, 500 $143, 500 _ - -- $131, 200 $18, 800 Cost .......---------------- ------------ 4, 669 6, 937 $5, 890 217 17, 713 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $1, 087 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------_ - 1, 087 1054 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 REDWOOD RIVER BELOW MARSHALL, MINN. The sum of $5,000 was allotted in each of fiscal years 1954 and 1955 for the purpose of a report on Redwood River below Marshall, Minn., to determine the extent of work to be done, if any, at that location. A report was submitted recommending improvement of the Redwood River between miles 14.0 and 61.0 above its mouth to include con- tinuous channel clearing, channel enlargement and straightening for 3.3 miles, and 10 cutoffs below the enlarged reach, at a total estimated cost to the United States of $139,700. Local interests will be re- quired to furnish the necessary rights-of-way; to hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction of the project; to make at their own expense any necessary alterations to utilities, high- ways, and highway bridges, including approaches; to maintain the channel improvement; and to assume all Federal project costs in excess of $150,000. Cost of the work during the fiscal year was $9,138. Total costs to June 30, 1955, are $10,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1953 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--- ... $5,000 .------------------------------------ $5, 000 $10, 000 Cost ------ ------------------------------------ 862 9,138 10,000 MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT GUTTENBERG, IOWA The sum of $7,500 was allotted for the purpose of a report on the Mississippi River at Guttenberg, Iowa, to determine the extent of work to be done, if any, at that location. Work on the report by hired labor is about 6-percent complete. Costs for the fiscal year and total costs to June 30, 1955, are $423. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------------.---------------------------------- 500 $7, $7, 500 --------------------------------------------- Cost..............------------- 423 423 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ $7, 077 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ 7, 077 DRY-SWEETWATER LAKES, N. DAK. The sum of $1,000 was allotted for the purpose of initiating a report on the flood problems in the Dry Lake and Sweetwater Lake area of the Devils Lake subbasin of the Red River of the North, N. Dak. Study of the feasibility of a plan of improvement proposed by the FLOOD CONTROI--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1055 State of North Dakota will be included in the investigation. Work on the report has not been initiated. No funds have been expended to June 30, 1955. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--- ...... ...-----------------------.----------------------- $1, 000 $1,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------_ $1, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- -------------------------------------- 1,000 Flood control emergencies-Repair and flood fighting and rescue wcork (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). Under the above authority, costs during the fiscal year were $2,100 for emergency work in the Mississippi and Red River of the North drainage basins. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-... $124, 562 $47, 285 $225, 300 $34, 160 $2, 100 $433, 407 Cost ---- 77, 957 93, 890 225, 300 34, 160 2, 100 433, 407 34. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of general investigations during the fiscal year was $124,112. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, $9,951 plus an additional allotment for fiscal year 1955 will be used to continue work on authorized examinations and surveys and collection and study of basic data. The additional sum of $193,300 can be profitably ex- pended in fiscal year 1957. 35. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA Under the category "Collection and study of basic data," stream- flow data was obtained by Corps of Engineer gaging beyond the co- operative stream-gaging program; hydraulic laboratory work was continued in the measurement and analysis of the sediment load in streams, and International Joint Commission activities for regula- tion of Lake of the Woods waters were accomplished. Costs for the fiscal year under this category, included in the costs indicated above, were $24,445. 363037-55-vol. 2- 67 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT This district comprises portions of western Illinois, southwestern Wisconsin, southern and southwestern Minnesota, eastern and cen- tral Iowa, and northeastern Missouri, embraced in the drainage basin of the Mississippi River and its eastern and western tributaries be- tween mile 300 (above the mouth of the Ohio River) and mile 614, and of its eastern tributaries only, between Hamburg Bay, at mile 261, and mile 300. This district also includes the Illinois and Mis- sissippi Canal and the drainage basin of Bureau Creek, Ill. That section of the Mississippi River between mile 300 and mile 614 is included in the report on Mississippi River between Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Mississippi River between 9. Muscatine, Iowa (Mad the Missouri River and Creek)- 1067 Minneapolis, Minn. (Rock 10. Sabula, Mississippi River, Island district)-- - 1057 Iowa . 1068 2. Illinois and Mississippi Ca- nal, Ill _______ 1057 11. Upper Mississippi River Ba- sin, Rock Island district__ 1068 3. Mill Creek and South Slough at Milan, Ill_ 1061 12. Other authorized flood con- 4. Other authorized navigation trol projects_ 1070 projects-___- 1062 13. Inspection of completed flood control works 1070 Flood control 14. Flood control work under special authorization .... 1071 5. The Sny Basin, Ill ._.. 1062 6. Bear Creek at Hannibal, Mo_ 1064 General investigations 7. Mississippi River at Canton, Mo ____ _____-__ 1065 8. Coralville Reservoir, Upper 15. Examinations and surveys _ 1073 Mississippi River Basin, 16. Collection and study of basic Iowa _ _ _______ 1065 data - 1073 1. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. (ROCK ISLAND DISTRICT) For report on this improvement, see page 1075. 2. ILLINOIS AND MISSISSIPPI CANAL, ILL. Location. This canal connects the Illinois and the Mississippi Rivers, proceeding from a point on the Illinois River about 12 miles from La Salle across the State of Illinois to the Mississippi River at the mouth of Rock River. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a canal from the Illinois River, near Bureau, running westerly via the Bu- reau Creek Valley to Rock River, near Colona, thence in the bed of 1057 1058 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Rock River to the rapids near Milan, and thence to the Mississippi River at the mouth of Rock River, at Rock Island, the length of the main line being 75 miles. The feeder, 29.3 miles in length, extends from Rock Falls on Rock River to the summit level of the canal, about 28 miles from the Illinois River. There are 32 locks in the main canal, described in the following tabulation. There is also a lock and controlling works at the head of the feeder at Rock Falls and a lock in Rock River at Rock Falls connecting the pool of the Government dam with the pool of the power company's dam below. This lock has dimensions similar to those in the main canal and cost $75,000. The cost of new work for the completed project was $7,605,143.41. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19,1890 H. Ex. Does. 316 and 429, 51st Existing project adopted...-----------------------.......................... Cong., 1st sess.; Annual Re- port, 1890, p. 263. Do-.....---- Estimate of cost for new work revised to $8,911,551.12__ H. Doc. 297, 57th Cong., 1st sess. June 26,19341 Operation and care of the works of improvement pro- vided for with funds from War Department appro- priations for rivers and harbors. July 3,1930 For payment of $8,450.75 to the Mud Creek special H. Doc. 108, 70th Cong., 1st sess. drainage district for work accomplished by the said district. Do-......-- Secretary of War authorized to expend from funds Specified in act. appropriated and available for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works the sum of $25,235 as a contribution toward the relocation and reconstruction of the highway bridge across the Illinois and Mississippi Canal at Wyanet, Bureau County, Ill., known as bridge No. 10. ' Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. The latest published map is shown on page 2013 of Annual Report for 1908. Table showing features of the Illinois and Mississippi canal LOCKS Location Locks Dimensions Depth on miter sill Distance Year Name from Character of opened to Total cost Missis- Distance from nearest town or Greatest foundation to opened Total cost sippi mouth of navigable tributary Width of length River chamber available Lift Upper Lower (mles) (feet) for full (feet) (feet) (feet) width (feet) 0 Lock 1.............. 74. 87 Illinois River, 2,000 feet west----...... 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and clay......--------- Oc t. 24, 1907 $41, 305. 03 Lock 2 ...........------- 73.91 At Bureau..------------------------ 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand, clay, and gravel__ ....- _do ...... do --..-. 42, 099. 69 Lock 3...--------- 73. 29 '/ mile west of Bureau------------ 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Quicksand and gravel....-....-_do ..... 39,172.01 Lock 4............------ 71.75 2}4 miles west of Bureau---------- 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel_____--..--------.... _do _---- 39, 357.10 Lock 5.--------- 70.63 314 miles west of Bureau---------- 35 143.08 8.0 8.17 7.0 --- do....-------------------.... _do ..--- 39, 509.45 Lock 6..------------- 68.75 5 miles west of Bureau------------ 35 143.08 10.0 8.17 7.0 Sand, hardpan, and --- _do .-- 41, 927. 72 gravel. C1 Lock 7..------------ 68.00 3 miles east of Tiskilwa ------ 35 143.08 8.0 8.17 7.0 Loam and sand........--...--- _do ...... 35, 635.09 Lock 8....--------- 67. 62 2 miles east of Tiskilwa ...--.---. 35 149.75 8.0 8.17 7.0 .---- do--...............--------------..--- _do ...... 36, 274. 37 Lock 9............... 66.80 1' miles east of Tiskilwa _.-.. 35 149.75 8.0 8.17 7.0 Clay----. ..---------------- _do------ 32, 134. 93 -0 Lock 10---------- 64.98 At Tiskilwa_---- 35 149.75 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel __.........__ _do ----- 36,113.71 Lock 11...------- ... 64.13 1 mile west of Tiskilwa .-.--.. . 35 149.75 9.0 8.17 7.0 ....do ....----------------- ..- . _do...-. 36, 710.05 Lock 12 ---------- 63. 56 1% miles west of Tiskilwa------- 35 149.75 8.0 8.17 7.0 do -.... _.----------- _do ----- --... 33, 827.14 Lock 13 -........--- 62.83 3 miles west of Tiskilwa-------- 35 146.75 10.0 8.17 7.0 Loam and clay ............-- _do ...... 32, 294.88 Lock 14---..-------- 62.02 3 miles east of Wyanet -------- . 35 149.75 10. 0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel__---....__....---- _do ----- 31, 524.90 Lock 15.---------- 61.42 2% miles east of Wyanet...-----.. 35 149.75 10.0 8.17 7.0 .--. _do . .--------------- ... _do ---- 29, 974.01 Lock 16 ..--------.. 61.23 2 miles east of Wyanet -----.. . 35 149.75 11.0 8.17 8.0 Loam, clay and sand- .---...---- _do ...... 34, 089.19 02 Lock 17 ...---.----- 60. 98 1% miles east of Wyanet ..----. 35 149.75 10. 0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel_________.... _do .. .... 32, 576. 27 Lock 18---..__-----_- 59.90 1 mile east of Wyanet- 35 149.75 9.0 8.17 7.0 Clay and gravel .......--...---- _do .. .... 35, 372.69 0 Lock 19______ 59.12 At Wyanet-------- 35 149.75 10.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel______ ....... _do...---. 34, 239. 36 Lock 20-..-- ------- 58.09 1 mile west of Wyanet.----.... 35 149. 75 11.0 8. 17 7.0 Loam, clay and sand.......---- _do ..-- 36,838.76 Lock 21 ............. 57. 83 1/ miles west of Wyanet...-...... 35 149.75 11.0 8. 17 8.0 do.....-------..........------------.... ---..... -do-- .... _do_ - - 38, 026. 88 0 Guard lock-----.. 29. 20 29 miles north main-line canal 1-... 35 149.00 (2) 8. 30 6. 5 Limestone .....--------..... ....-----do-- -- 32, 678. 57 Rock River lock 3 __ 29. 20 At Rock Falls, Ill.'1- 35 143.08 (2) 8.47 6.6 - ..--do----------------- 1913 75, 605.01 Lock 22__...... 46. 32 13 miles west of Wyanet ....----. 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 C l ay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . O c lt. 24,1907 42, 458. 63 H Lock 23 ... .------ 37. 12 10 miles east of Geneseo-.......... 35 143.08 11.0 8.17 7.0 .... _do__--------------------- .do ---- 41, 777. 95 Lock 24 __.._........ 27. 05 At Geneseo- - -----.. ... .. ... ... 35 143.08 11.0 8.17 7.0 Clay and gravel .----.......---- _do -_... 47, 059. 15 Lock 25 ........... 21.56 5' miles west of Geneseo......--- 35 143.08 8.0 8.17 7.0 Sand-----..........------------- _do .--_. 40, 492. 10 See footnotes at end of table. Table showing features of the Illinois and Mississippi canal--Continued LOCKS-Continued O Location Locks O Dimensions Depth on miter sill Distance Character of Year Name from opened to Total cost Missis- Distance from nearest town or Greatest foundation pened to Total cost sippi mouth of navigable tributary Width of length River available Lift Upper Lower (miles) cham er for full (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) width (feet) 0 Lock ..--........- 26____ 20. 46 5 miles east of Colona...------------ 35 143.08 9.0 8. 17 7. 0 Sand ..---------------- Oct. 24, 1907 $40, 428. 75 Lock 27--.- __-...... 18. 13 2% miles east of Colona..----------- 35 143.08 8.0 8. 17 7. 0 Gravel-- ---------....-- ----.... do ...... 39, 090. 66 Lock 28__.... _____ 15. 70 At Colona ......------------------------ 35 143.08 8.0 8. 17 7. 0 Rock ...........-------------------.... do . 30, 808. 53 Lock 29 ........... 13.37 2 miles west of Colona ......-------- 35 143. 08 11.0 8. 17 7.0 ----... do-------------------------do .... 37. 262. 65 Lock 30_..__-______ 4. 62 11 miles east of Milan ---......... 35 149.00 0 7. 00 7.0 Rock, etc., hardpan----..----...do ..... 71, 588.00 Lock 31............ 2. 02 1 mile west of Milan --------------- 35 145. 42 6.0 7. 17 7. 0 Clay and gravel.......--------...---.do 38, 711.44 Lock 32___--------__...... . 15 3 miles west of Milan .---------.. 35 143.08 12. 0 8.00 7. 0 .... do ....--..........-... do -.. 85, 468. 31 Total cost, locks ..........----..---------------- --------- ------- -------. -------------- .------------ ...---- ------------------------------ $1, 382,432. 98 ADDITIONAL FEATURES ENTERING INTO COST OF PROJECT Sterling Dam and dams at Milan, Ill------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $128, 857. 97 ---------- Bridges-........1.513.----- ------- --------------------- -------------- ----------------------- -------------------------------- 1, 513, 823.25 2---- Culverts----....4-------10, . . . . -. . - --------------------- .--.-------- ------------- ------------------------------------ 198...1--- 410,198.19 ro Houses------------...............................................................................................------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------......6,974.69............................................................................ Surveys, flowage, and right-of-way ....-----------.....--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 726, 656.61 Excavations, embankments, clearing, fences, etc--......--------......-------...--..............-----------------------.........--------------------------------.......--------------------------..... 2, 956, 451. 61 Rock River pool-dredging, removing snags and stumps, etc--------------------- -------.......--------------------------------------------..... 152, 439. 58 Contribution to Mud Creek special drainage district-dredging ....-----------........... 8,450.75 ..------------------------------------------------------------------- Contributions to State of Illinois-relocation and reconstruction of highway bridge at Wyanet, Ill-----_ ------------------------------------------------- _ 25, 235.00 Miscellaneous.....--------.. ----.. ---.........------- ------------ ---.......--------------------------------------- ..------- -3,22.78------------ .223,622.78 Total additional features....-----...------..........---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------... .6,222, 710.43 Total cost of project ..... ..------------------ ....----------- ------------------- ------------------ ---------------- ------------------- 7, 605, 143. 41 1 Feeder section. Note. There are no dams except at the guard lock and lock 30. At the former lo- 2 Variable. cality there is a fixed dam across the Rock River, with a movable crest constructed 3Rock River lock is on Rock River at Rock Falls, Ill. It is located in the south end of wood, concrete, and steel; at lock 30 there are crib dams across the north and south of the Sterling Dam and about 600 feet below the guard lock of the Illinois and Missis- channels of Rock River. The north dam has a 60-foot opening and has been super- sippi Canal (feeder section). seded by a concrete power dam a short distance below; the south dam adjoining lock 30 has been reinforced with concrete laid in the water. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1061 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results dring fiscal year. The canal structures were not operated or maintained for purposes of navigation during the fiscal year. Minimal maintenance pending disposal of the canal was performed by hired labor. A detailed study of the problems involved in effecting disposal of the lands and facilities was in progress. Federal, State, and local governmental agencies and private interests were contacted to obtain their views relative to the use of the lands and facilities for park or other beneficial purposes, and assumption of the responsibility for future operation and maintenance. The costs during the fiscal year were $88,398 for operation and care. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1918. Locks, dams, aqueducts, buildings, and other appurtenances are in fair-to-poor condition. Tabulation under paragraph "Existing project" gives data regarding the principal features of construction. Since June 30, 1951, canal structures have not been operated or main- tained for purposes of navigation, in accordance with the policy of the Corps of Engineers to suspend lock operation and maintenance of waterways affording little or no benefit to general commerce and navigation, and to eliminate nonessential maintenance expenditures. The total costs to June 30, 1955, from regular funds was $10,720,680, of which $7,580,143 was for new work and $3,140,537 was for operation and care. The costs from Emergency Relief funds for removal of snags and stumps in Rock River Pool were $25,000, all new work. In addition, the sum of $4,143,282 was expended between April 1895 and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improve- ment under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated._--- _ _------------ ---------- --------- ----------------------- 1$7, 605, 143 Cost-___------------- -- ------------ -------------- 7, 605,143 Maintenance: Appropriated .....---- $168, 000 $130, 000 $84, 900 $80, 000 $92, 000 2 7, 288, 582 Cost----------------- 179, 993 125,898 81,325 87,545 88,398 7,283,819 1 Includes $25,000 Emergency Relief funds. 2 Includes $4,143,282 for operating and care under the "Permanent indefinite appropriation." 3. MILL CREEK AND SOUTH SLOUGH AT MILAN, ILL. Location. Mill Creek empties into South Slough about 1 mile east of the town of Milan, Ill., and 6.5 miles above the mouth of South Slough, which empties into the Mississippi River. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of Janu- ary 21, 1927. (For further details, see p. 1132, Annual Report for 1932, and p. 1081, Annual Report for 1938.) Existing project. This provides for floodgates in the walls of the Illinois and Mississippi Canal, or other devices for carrying the flood- waters of Mill Creek across the canal right-of-way into Rock River; 1062 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 for the construction of a levee on the east bank of Mill Creek extend- ing from the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad to the canal embankment; for the construction of a levee on the west bank of Mill Creek and its extension in a westerly direction to a connection with Water Street at the point E, shown on map of project document; and for the removal of obstructions in Mill Creek and South Slough. The cost of new work for the completed project was $63,633.58. The esti- mated cost of maintenance, revised in 1954, is $3,000 annually. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930 (Rivers and Harbors Committee, Doc. No. 19, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces cut brush and willows on the banks of Mill Creek and South Slough, per- formed minor dredging and snagging, and operated spillway gates. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,169 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1932. The project was in fair condition at the end of the fiscal year. The total costs under the previous project were $85 for new work and under the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $138,834, of which $63,634 was for new work and $75,200 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: ........-----......-----....---------------------------------------........... Appropriated-------- $63, 719 Cost ...... ..---------------- 63, 719 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ...... $5, 500 -$2, 000 $2, 000 $3, 000 $300 75, 200 Cost------------------ 22, 968 11, 524 2, 000 2,131 1,169 75,200 4. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see Annual required to Report Construction Maintenance complete for-- Galena River, Ill., remove obstructions from (under sec. 3, 1930, River and Harbor Act) ---- 1951 -------------- $1, 000. 00 (1) Iowa River, Iowa, dredging in (under sec. 3, 1945, River and Harbor Act) ---------- -- 1951 5, 000.00 () Quincy, Ill., removal of 2 sunken vessels at (under sec. 19, 1899, River and Harbor Act) .. _.-- -. 1951 3, 975. 68 4-------------- (1) Rock River, Ill., remove obstructions from (under sec. 3, 1930, River and Harbor Act) ... 1951 -4, 500.00 (1) 1 Completed. 5. THE SNY BASIN, ILL. Location. This project is located in the basin of the Sny, a former bychannel of the Mississippi River, in Pike, Adams, and Calhoun Counties, Ill., approximately miles 260.9 to 315.4 above the mouth of the Ohio River. The major tributaries of the Sny are McCraney, FLOOD CONTROL---ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1063 Hadley, Kiser, Six Mile, and Bay Creeks. Several minor tributaries include Fall, Pigeon, Horton, and Dutch Creeks. (The entire Sny Basin is shown on topographic maps of the U. S. Geological Survey, scale 1: 62,500, dated 1921-28.) Existing project. The plan of improvement now being considered for the prevention of interior flooding within the Sny bottom lands consists of construction of two retarding and desilting reservoirs for Pigeon Creek and for Horton-Dutch Creeks; construction of 3 diver- sion channels for McCraney-Hadley Creeks, Kiser Creek, and Six Mile-Bay Creeks to conduct the runoff from the uplands drainage area directly to the Mississippi River; improvement of certain reaches of the Sny channel to collect bottom-land runoff; construction of 3 pumping stations; construction of a closing levee to exclude back- water up the Sny; construction of aqueducts or culverts to pass drain- age which would otherwise be blocked; and the construction of reme- Dis- mal pool tance Avail- Character Date from able Lift of Kind o T om- Act 0 Name of lock or dam Gren Green Nearest town tance width length (feet) Breast Lower founda- dam Type of construction of com- Actual cost Bay (miles) (eet (feet) wa miter tion pletion (miles) (feet) sill 0 (feet) a Princeton lock ......-------....... 108.6 Princeton. 3 34. 9 148. 4 1. 5 7. 3 9. 5 Sand-- .....-.-- _ Stone masonry-_--- 1878 $51, 577. 84 Princeton Dam----------- ............--108.6 ..... do__ ..... 3 ------------------ -------- do Fixed Timber cribs- _ 1898 11, 265. 69 Grand River lock-........... 129.2 Montello.... 3 34. 7 148.3 1. 4 6. 4 9. 8 Clay-....... .... Stone masonry---- 1878 56, 989. 43 Grand River Dam----------........... 129. 2 ..... do _..... 3 -Clay and Fixed ' _ Timber cribs ----- 1898 8, 446.86 sand. yy Montello lock _- __---.... 132. 5 -....do__....---...... 35. 3 137. 0 3. 8 4. 8 5. 7 Sand ...... __------ Composite.......... 1901 54, 889. 83 MontelloDam ..... .... 132.6 .....do---- .... ---- ....... -- ...---------- ------- .--------------... -do . _ Fixed 4____ Timber cribs ....... 1933 5 6, 772. 55 Governor Bend lock .----....156. 7 Portage ...... 6 35. 137.0 3.8 6 7.0 5.2 do------- __ .----- do .------------- 1931 530, 825. 38 .. Governor Bend Dam ______ 156.7 .....do ..... 6 --- _-------- --------------- ---------- do-- Fixeddo ---- 1865 (7) Fort Winnebago lock ........ 160.9 ....do 2 34.7 137. 6.4 5. 8 5.6 Clay...... Composite-......... 1936 521, 515. 46 Portage lock .... .......... 163.1 .....do .....-------- 35. 2 146. 0 2. 3 10. 5 8.2 Sand.......... ...... Concrete....----------- 1928 179, 604. 83 0O Y 1Depth shown is on breast wall, which is controlling depth for upper pool. 4Flash boards used. zM 2 Original structure built prior to assumption of control by the United States on 5Partially rebuilt. Sept. 18, 1872. 6 Depth shown is on upper sill, which is controlling depth. a Provided with sluices. 7 Unknown. n e'er C U2 T C RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1101 Recommended modifications of project. Legislation authorizing the abandonment of that part of the improvement of Wolf River above Fremont and the upper Fox River from the mouth of the Wolf to the Wisconsin River has been recommended in House Docu- ment No. 146, 67th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The wharf and landing facilities are, in gen- eral, adequate for the accommodation of existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys, dis- charge observations, and inspections and reports were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $8,283. The locks and dams were operated as required and the necessary repairs made to the structures at a cost of $178,015. The total maintenance costs were $186,298. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion of the project (upper river, 25 percent; lower, 83 percent). Twenty-two original locks and 9 original dams have been rebuilt; 5 additional locks and dams have been built by the United States. (See existing project for year of completion of each.) The structures and the dredging in pools have increased the original depths generally about 2 feet. The controlling depths at standard low water at the close of the fiscal year were as follows: Fox River: De Pere to mouth of Wolf River_-___ __-------- - 6. 0 Thence to Eureka lock_ __ ..------- ----- ---------- 3.2 Wolf River : Mouth to 1 mile below Partridge Crop Lake__ ______________-- - - 3. 5 Thence to New London--_______-------_-------- _ 2.0 Harbors on Lake Winnebago -- __---.__ ------ _--.- 1. 0-3. O0 The practicable drafts of vessel are about one-half foot less than the controlling depths which prevail throughout the year except when the rivers are frozen, usually from December 1 to April 1. As com- merce no longer existed on the upper Fox River from the Wolf River to the Wisconsin River, Federal expenditures for continuing the op- eration of the nine locks on this portion of the project were no longer justified. Accordingly the operation of these structures was dis- continued in July 1951. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the inactive portion of the project. It comprises dredg- ing in the upper Fox River and the upper portion of the Wolf River and rock removal and deepening Neenah Channel on lower Fox River; which are no longer considered necessary. Except for Menasha lock, which should be rebuilt, the existing locks and dams are in generally fair to good condition. The costs under the existing project were $871,724 for new work and $6,157,310 for operation and maintenance, a total of $7,029,034. In addition, the sum of $3,795,496 (including $89,309 under previous projects) was expended between July 5, 1884, and June 30, 1935, on the operating and care of the works of improve- ment under the provision of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 1102 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 New work: Appropriated---.. ..------ ------------------------- ---------------------- $4, 111,634 Cost_ ----- -------------------------------- --------- -- 4,111, 634 Maintenance: Appropriated---.----. $270, 000 $265, 900 $242, 500 $221, 000 $250, 100 10, 029, 355 Cost_----------------- 297, 950 287, 861 249, 661 209, 384 2 184, 821 9, 952, 837 1Includes $3,239,910 for new work and $89,309 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $186,298 minus pending adjustment of $1,477 for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- 4 propriated for completion of existing project_ _ __ ___ _ -_ 0 (1) 1 Does not include inactive portion of the project estimated to cost $2,886,000. 5.' STURGEON BAY AND LAKE MICHIGAN SHIP CANAL, WIS. Location. This improvement is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 52 miles northeasterly from Green Bay and about 128 miles northerly from Milwaukee. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 728.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873, and June 14, 1880. The United States assumed possession of the canal April 25, 1893, as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892. The original project for the canal was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, modified by River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 1935 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1441 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor or stilling basin protected by two converging breakwaters, each 1,344 feet in length, extending from the shore on either side of the easterly or Lake Michigan end of the canal; for a revetted canal 7,200 feet in length, varying in width from 160 to 250 feet; for a channel 23 feet deep in rock cut, extending from that depth in Lake Michigan to about 800 feet west of the east entrance of the revetted canal, a length of about 0.6 mile; thence a channel 22 feet deep through an additional 6,400 feet of revetted canal and through Sturgeon Bay to the vicinity of Sherwood Point, a length of about 8 miles, the total length of channel being about 8.6 miles; the width of channel being 600 feet in Lake Michigan, reducing to 200 feet through the harbor and 130 to 220 feet through the revetted canal, thence 250 feet through Sturgeon Bay to a point 5,400 feet northwest of the railroad bridge in the city of Sturgeon Bay and thence 500 feet to the vicinity of Sherwood Point; for a turning basin 20 feet deep, on the southwesterly side of the channel, southeasterly of the highway bridge, between the city and the Bushman wharves; and that the turning basin immediately west of the revetted canal be eliminated from the project. The break- waters are formed of stone-filled piling and timber cribs and have been provided with concrete superstructures; the revetments are formed of timber and steel piling, 886 feet having been provided with concrete superstructure. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1103 The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $736,303, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. '3,1873 Breakwaters 1_______________________________________ H. Ex. Doc.34, 42d Cong., 2d sess, Annual Report, 1872, p. 171. July 13,1892 Acquistion of the canal__ __ _ H. Ex. Doc. 106, 49th Cong., 2d sess. June 13, 1902 Canal revetments and consolidation of the canal and H. Doc.117, 56th Cong., 2d sess. harbor works. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of the channels and elimi- Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 nation of turning basin immediately west of the Doc.9, 74th Cong., 1st sess. revetted canal. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin between the city and the Bushman H. Doc.421, 78th Cong., 2d sess. wharves. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. As the canal and connecting channel is a through waterway, the only terminal facilities are in the city of Sturgeon Bay, 4 miles from the west end of the revetted portion of the canal. These facilities consist of 4 coal wharves, 4 ship-building yards, and 1 package-freight wharf. The city of Sturgeon Bay has provided a public wharf. There is also a large inactive stone wharf located about 5 miles northwesterly from the city of Sturgeon Bay. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $10,815. Contractor's claim in connection with the reconstruction of 700 lineal feet of north revetment in the amount of $1,799 was awarded to the contractor. Preliminary engineering in connection with the reconstruction of 507.5 lineal feet of south revet- ment was made at a cost of $2,408. Reconstruction of 301 lineal feet of north revetment was performed by contract at a cost of $57,234. The United States dipper dredge Kewaunee, during the period Sep- tember 7, to October 9, 1954, removed 59,425 cubic yards of material at a cost of $32,927. Total maintenance costs were $105,183. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1946. The breakwaters were completed in 1880, and the canal revetments in 1903. Dredging and rock removal at the easterly entrance to the canal and dredging in the westerly section of the canal, to existing project depth, were commenced in May 1940 and completed in September 1940. Deepening and widening the middle section of the canal to existing project depth and width was commenced in May 1942 and completed in August 1942. Dredging of the turning 863037--55--vol. 2----70 1104 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 basin was commenced in June 1946 and completed in July 1946. The breakwaters are in good condition. The canal revetments require repairs and backfilling. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 20 feet in the canal and 18.6 feet in the turning basin. The costs under existing project were $736,303 for new work and $1,924,141 for maintenance, a total of $2,660,444. In addition, the sum of $425,259 (including $189,319 under previous projects) was expended between April 25, 1893, and June 30, 1917, on the operating and care of the works of improvement under the provision of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such pur- poses. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated.---____ __------ ---------- ------------ ----------- ------------.... $1, 059, 722 Cost---------- ---- ----- --------------------------- ------- ------------ 1,059,722 Maintenance: Appropriated- ----- _ $22, 020 $4, 000 $168, 300 $68, 500 $59, 900 2, 379, 455 Cost----------------- 104, 426 5, 452 131,838 60, 369 2 105, 194 2, 379, 811 1 Includes $323,419 for new work and $219,730 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal year $105,183 plus pending adjustment of $11 for fiscal year 1954. 6. ALGOMA HARBOR, WIS. Location. Algoma Harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 68 miles from Green Bay via Sturgeon Bay Canal and about 115 miles northerly from Milwaukee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 703.) Previousprojects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873; March 3, 1875; July 5, 1884; and March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 1935 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1445, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor 14 feet deep enclosed by a north pier, 1,102 feet long, extending approximately normal to the shore, and a south breakwater, 1,530 feet long, extending from the shore at a point about 1,000 feet south of the remaining 481 feet of the pier on the south side of the channel at the mouth of Ahnapee River, and for a channel of same depth as outer harbor, except where rock is encountered at less depth, extending from that depth in the lake up the river a distance of 1,000 feet from its mouth, a total length of about 2,100 feet; this channel varies in width from 175 to 80 feet at Second Street Bridge. The piers are formed of stone- filled timber cribs and piling and the breakwater of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling. The north pier and south break- water have been provided with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, ,seasonal which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are changes of about one-half foot above or RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1105 below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $99,236, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1871 North pier or breakwater 1___._.. _ ___..--- __ _.----_- Annual Report, 1871, p. 126. Mar. 2,1907 South breakwater and present project dimensions of Unpublished report submitted channel and basin. Sept 25, 1907. 2 (No prior survey or estimate. ) 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 The latest published map is in Annual Report, 1908, p. 1954. Local cooperation. None required. Terminalfacilities. These consist of a coal wharf and several fish- ing wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a cost of $452 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1909. The north pier was completed in 1890, the south pier .and breakwater and dredging in 1909. The north pier and south breakwater are in generally good condition. The south stub pier at the river mouth is in a dilapidated condition and should be rebuilt. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal .year were 13.9 feet in the entrance channel to the outer end of south stub pier, decreasing to 11.0 feet to the coal wharf at the inner end of the north pier, thence 8 feet in a narrow channel to Second Street Bridge. The Ahnapee River is navigable for a distance of about 2 miles from its mouth for vessels drawing not more than 4 feet. The costs under the existing project were $99,236 for new work and $263,973 for maintenance, a total of $363,209. Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ...------------------ ----- ----------------------------------- $292, 010 Cost...------------- ------------ ------------------------ -------------------- - 292, 010 Maintenance: Appropriated --------. -$452 ------------ .. .... $1, 000 $150 $500 272, 748 Cost----------------- 1,180 ------------ 36 1, 075 452 272, 661 I Includes $192,774 for new work and $8,688 for maintenance for previous projects. 1106 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 7. KEWAUNEE HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 105 miles northerly from Milwaukee and about 78 miles from Green Bay, via Sturgeon Bay Canal. The harbor is at the mouth of the Ke- waunee River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 73.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. For further details, see page 1936 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1447 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a converging north break- water and shore connection about 3,130 feet long, removal of about 1,400 feet of the total length of about 1,850 feet of the north pier, a south pier about 1,850 feet long, an entrance channel, about 2,800 feet long and 20 feet deep, leading to an interior turning basin of the same depth, the entrance channel to have a general width, of 505 feet for a distance of about 1,500 feet through the outer basin, decreasing thence to about 156 feet between the piers to the turning basin; also for removal of the outer south shoal to a depth of 22 feet. The parallel piers are formed of stone-filled piling and are capped with concrete superstructure, except for 216 feet of the south pier which consists of steel sheet piling. The north breakwater is formed of concrete caissons and the north-shore connection is a rubble mound. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctu- ations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of the completed portion of the project is $492,057, exclu- sive of the amount expended on previous projects. The August 30, 1935, River and Harbor Act portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $668,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual mainte- nance is $80,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1881 Entrance piers 1________-__-________________ _ Annual Report, 1881, p. 2082. June 25, 1910 Turning basin__________________________________ H. Doc. 324, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 2 North breakwater, removal of old north pier, widen- Rivers and Harbors Committee a ing and deepening entrance channel and turning Doc. 43, 72d Cong., 1st sess. (4) basin to 20 feet, and removal of outer south shoal. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Included in the Emergency Relief program, May 28, 1935. 3 Contains latest published map. 4 Inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Besides two car-ferry slips, there is a coal wharf, a grain wharf, a shipbuilding yard, and several fishing wharves. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1107 Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,633. Repairs were made to the outer end of the :south pier by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $34,858. The United States dipper dredge Kewaunee, during the period April 4 to April 29, 1955, removed 66,130 cubic yards of material at a cost of $28,014. Total maintenance costs were $64,505. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion of the project which consists of re- moval of the outer shoal and an additional 700 lineal feet of the north pier; widening of the inner 700 feet of the channel through the outer basin, and closing the gap in the north-shore connection, all of which is not considered necessary under present conditions. The piers were completed in 1897 and are in generally good condition except that the south pier requires repairs. Construction of the north breakwater and shore connection, except for a gap of 150 feet about 830 feet from the shoreward end, and the removal of the outer 706.5 lineal feet of the north pier were commenced in September 1935 and completed in June 1937. Dredging the entrance channel and interior basin, to existing project depth, was commenced in April 1938 and completed in October 1938. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 20 feet or more in the entrance channel, and 20 feet between the piers and over an area 500 by 500 feet in the turning basin. The Kewaunee River is navigable for a distance of about 61/2 miles above the mouth for craft drawing not more than 4 feet. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds_ -------------------------------------- $72, 057 $448,985 $521, 042 Emergency Relief funds_ - 420, 000 - 420, 000 Total ------------------------------- 492, 057 448,985 941,042 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ... ...-------------------------------- ------------ ----------- $641, 369 Cost------------------------------------------------------------------- 641,369 Maintenance: Appropriated ..-.. $13, 500 $1, 500 $9, 000 $1, 350 $64, 500 537, 378 Cost----------------- 13, 439 2,312 6,820 3, 444 64, 505 537, 349 1 Includes $149,312 for new work and $88, 364 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ - -- 0 (1) 1 Does not include the inactive portion of the project estimated to cost $668,000. 8. TWO RIVERS HARBOR, WIS. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 82 miles northerly from Milwaukee and about 101 miles from Green Bay via Sturgeon Bay Canal. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 73.) 1108 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871. For further details, see page 1936 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1450 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for two entrance piers at the mouth of Twin Rivers, 245 feet apart at the outer ends and 750 feet: apart at the shore line, having lengths of about 1,642 feet and 1,720 feet for the north and south piers, respectively; for a channel 2,600 feet long and 18 feet deep extending from that depth in the lake to an inner basin of the same depth at the confluence of the East and West Twin Rivers, the channel varying in width from 500 feet at the outer end to, 200 feet between the piers; for a revetment about 450 feet long on the north side at the inner end of the channel and for a small stilling basin beyond the shoreline on the north side of the channel. The piers are, formed of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, and have been provided' with concrete superstructure; the pile revetment on north side of channel is also provided with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above, or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a tempo-- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 1/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of the completed portion of the project is $74,722, exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The August 30, 1935, River and Harbor Act portion of the project is considered to be inac- tive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $14,300. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $56,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and' Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1871 South pier, 750 feet1 of north pier, and about 44 feet of Annual Report, 1871, p. 123 (as: north revetment. modified by the Chief of Engi- neers Feb. 27, 1897). Mar. 2, 1907 Remainder of north pier and stilling basin -..-...... H. Doc. 730, 59th Cong., 1st sess. (Modification of plan A.) Aug.30,19353 Deepening entrance channel and inner basin to 18 Rivers and Harbors Committee- 2 feet. Doc. 25, 73d Cong., 2d sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. 3 Inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of a coal wharf and several fish- ing wharves. The city has provided a wharf for public use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $3,233. The United States dipper dredge Kewaunee, during the period April 29 to May 18, 1955, removed 37,750 cubic yards of material at a cost of $22,580. Total maintenance costs were $25,813. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion of the project which consists of dredg- RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1109 ing a 10-foot width along each side of the lakeward portion of the entrance channel between the piers. This dredging was necessarily omitted to avoid removal of riprap along the entrance piers and thereby endangering them. The present width of the channel is consid- ered adequate for present and reasonably prospective commerce. The south pier was completed in 1883 and is in generally good condition. The north pier was completed in 1908. Dredging of the entrance chan- nel and inner basin to existing project depth was commenced in March 1937 and substantially completed in May 1937. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 18.0 feet or more in the channel between the piers and 16.5 feet in the inner basin. East and West Twin Rivers are navigable for about 3 and 7 miles, respectively, from the harbor piers for craft drawing not more than 4 feet. The costs under the existing project were $74,722 for new work and $805,600 for maintenance, a total of $880,322. Cost an flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- 1 ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ..--...-- ---------------------- ----------------- ---------- --- _ $287, 579 Cost------ ----------- ---- ------------------- ------------ ------------ ----------- 287, 579 Maintenance: Appropriated ........-- $55, 500 $4, 800 $77, 000 $38, 200 $26, 000 838, 712 55, 537 Cost--.......----------.......... 5, 590 79, 401 35, 895 2 26, 000 838, 712 1 Includes $212,857 for new work and $33,113 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $25,813 plus pending adjustment of $187 for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project----- ------------ _0 (1) 1 Does not include the inactive portion of the project estimated to cost $14,300. 9. MANITOWOC HARBOR, WIS. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 79 miles northerly from Milwaukee and about 106 miles from Green Bay via Sturgeon Bay Canal. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 735.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted in 1854, the first appropriation for the improvement having been made by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852. The project was modified by subsequent River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, June 3, 1896, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1937 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1453 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor or stilling basin formed by two breakwaters extending from the shore on either side of the mouth of the Manitowoc River 425 feet apart at their outer ends and diverging to a distance of about 2,325 feet apart at their inner ends, having lengths of 2,540 feet and 2,290 feet for the north and south breakwaters, respectively; for a channel 21 feet deep, extend- ing from that depth in the lake through the outer harbor to the mouth of the river, a total length of about 2,500 feet, with a width of about 1110 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 650 feet; for a channel 21 feet deep in Manitowoc River from the river mouth to the second railway bridge, a distance of approximately 1.7 miles, with widths of 180 feet at the mouth, reducing to 150 feet at the upper end, with intermediate reductions and enlargements; for removal of old north stub pier at the river entrance; and for dredging in the outer harbor an approach channel 21 feet deep to a proposed city terminal on the lake front south of the shore end of the south breakwater. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructures. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of the completed portion of the project is $436,752, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The August 26, 1937 River and Harbor Act portion of the project is considered to be in- active and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $292,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $43,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 Breakwaters____--- ----------- .... -------------- H. Doe. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess., as modified by Rivers and Har- bors Committee Doc. 3, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30. 19351 Present project dimensions of channel through outer Rivers and Harbors Committee basin, removal of old north stub pier, and approach Doc. 39, 73d Cong., 2d sess. channel to a proposed city terminal south of shore end of the south breakwater. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel in the river----- ...-. _____ _ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 80, 74th Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map). 1Inactive. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, provided that the work of dredging an approach channel to the proposed city terminal in the outer harbor "shall not be undertaken until local interests shall have submitted assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that such terminal will be constructed.'" The plan for the municipal terminal has been abandoned. All other requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 3 car-ferry slips, 2 grain elevators, 2 shipbuilding yards, and several wharves used for handling coal, building materials, cement, and miscellaneous commodities. While these facilities are considered fairly adequate for existing commerce, it is believed the city should provide a suitable wharf with warehouse and railway connection, which should be open to the general public. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1111 made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a cost of $6,609 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion of the project which consists of dredging the approach channel in the outer harbor, which is not now desired by local interests. The breakwaters completed in 1910 are in generally good condition, except for some minor repairs required. The dredging of the channel through the outer basin to existing proj- ect depth, and the removal of a portion of the old north stub pier at the river entrance were commenced in May 1937 and completed in December 1937. Dredging of the river channel was commenced in June 1939 and completed in July 1942. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 19.1 feet in the channel through the outer basin and in the river to the second railway bridge. The costs under the existing project were $436,752 for new work and $844,706 for maintenance, a total of $1,281,458. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ........------------ ------------------------ ------------ ..------------ ..... $836, 878 Cost-------- .......------------ ------------ ------------------------------------ 836, 878 Maintenance: Appropriated--- - -- - $60, 000 $11, 500 $19, 750 $31, 400 $600 895, 240 Cost....----------------- 61, 783 17, 412 3, 017 40, 576 2 6, 609 894, 832 1Includes $400,126 for new work and $54,288 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $2,447 plus pending adjustment of $4,162 for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_------------------------- (1) 1 Does not include the inactive portion of the project estimated to cost $292,000. 10. SHEBOYGAN HARBOR, WIS. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 26 miles south from Manitowoc and about 55 miles north of Milwaukee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 735). Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbors Act of June 23, 1866, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873, March 3, 1881, August 18, 1894, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1937 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1456 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor or stilling basin formed by a breakwater extending from the shore about 2,100 feet north of the remaining 456 feet of the pier and revetment on the north side of the channel at the mouth of the Sheboygan River for a total length of 3,829 feet, and a south pier 2,750 feet long extending into the lake about normal to the shore on the south side of the mouth of the river, and for a turning basin 900 feet wide and 20 feet deep in the outer harbor with an entrance channel about 3,500 feet long through the south side of the basin, the depth being 25 feet from the 1112 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 lakeward end to a point 500 feet shoreward of the end of the north breakwater, decreasing to 21 feet in the next 300 feet and continuing at the latter depth to the inner end of the improved channel, the widths to be 400 feet at the lakeward end and 500 feet through the turning basin, decreasing to 200 feet at the river mouth. The north breakwater is formed of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling, all of which is capped with concrete superstructure. The south pier and north stub pier and revetment are formed of timber cribs and piling, all of which have also been provided with concrete superstruc- ture. The recent authorization adds the following: Provide for a width of 450 feet at the lakeward end of the entrance channel, extension of the 25-foot channel to a point 700 feet shoreward of the outer end of the north breakwater, depths decreasing from 25 to 21 feet in a farther shoreward distance of 300 feet, extension of the 21-foot proj- ect channel upstream to the south side of Maryland Avenue with a general width of about 165 feet and maximum width of 370 feet, and a channel 15 feet deep with general width of 100 feet, extending from the south side of Maryland Avenue to the north side of Jefferson Avenue, with no dredging to be done by the Federal Government within 25 feet of any wharf or bulkhead. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/ feet above or below, the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost of new work in 1955 was $675,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $83,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbors Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 North breakwater ___________--__---------_.. H. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21,1927 Preserving south pier as part of project, providing H. Doc. 475, 68th Cong., 2d sess. turning basin, and elimination of proposed south breakwater. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of channel_- _ _ __ - Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 47, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 3, 1954 Widen and deepen the outer harbor entrance channel H. Doc. 554, 82d Cong., 2d sess. to 450 feet, widen and deepen the river channel from (contains latest published map). present project limit to north side of Jefferson Ave. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. These consist of 4 wharves used for handling coal, building material, fish, and miscellaneous commodities. The city has provided a public wharf. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $45. The United States dipper dredge Kewaunee, during the period May 19 to June 4, 1955, removed 26,650 cubic yards of material at a cost of $17,966. Total maintenance costs were $18,011. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1113 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the work authorized September 3, 1954. The south pier was completed in 1904. Construction of the north breakwater was commenced in October 1913 and completed in October 1915. Dredg- ing of the turning basin was commenced in October 1928 and com- pleted in September 1931. Dredging of the entrance channel to exist- ing project depth was commenced in June 1938 and completed in July 1938. The piers and breakwaters are in generally good condition except that the concrete superstructure on the north shore connection is disintegrating and requires repairs. The inner 260 feet of the south pier has been replaced with a revetment by private interests under permit granted July 16, 1931, by the Secretary of War. The pier is therefore maintained only for a length of about 2,490 feet. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 25.0 feet in the entrance channel and 21.0 feet in the basin and channel between the piers. Sheboygan River is navigable for a distance of about 2.4 miles above its mouth.for craft drawing not more than 2 feet. The costs under the existing project were $446,771 for new work and $817,273 for maintenance, a total of $1,264,044. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated- ..-----------------....------- ----------------------------------- $934, 588 Cost ------------ --..--------------------- -------- ------------ ------------ 934,588 Maintenance: ........ Appropriated---- $29, 000 $24, 500 $18, 450 $28, 750 $18, 000 904, 404 Cost ----------------- 36,119 19, 484 15, 592 30,670 2 18, 012 904, 404 1Includes $487,817 for new work and $87,131 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal year $18,011 plus pending adjustment of $1 for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _ $218, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____________--_--______--- _ _ 10, 000 11. PORT WASHINGTON HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 53 miles south from Manitowoc and about 29 miles north from Mil- waukee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 74.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and was modified by the River and Harbor Act of August 14, 1876. For further details, see page 1938 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1459 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a north breakwater and shore connection approximately 2,537 feet long, extending from the shore about 1,350 feet north of the remaining 125 feet of the old north pier; removal of 650 feet of the north pier; for extending a privately owned south breakwater about 456 feet into the lake to form an entrance about 350 feet in width, and for an outer turning basin 750 feet wide and 21 feet deep with an entrance channel about 2,400 feet 1114 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 long and 21 feet deep through the south side of the basin, the width being 110 feet at the inner end of the north pier and about 275 feet at the harbor entrance, leading to two interiors basins 18 feet deep, the west basin being 140 feet wide and 490 feet long and the north basin 190 feet wide and 750 feet long. The north breakwater is formed of concrete caissons and the shore connection of interlocking steel-sheet piling of the cellular and single-wall type. The south breakwater is formed of concrete caissons and rubble mound. The north stub pier is formed of stone-filled steel-sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tem- porary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $810,709, ex- clusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 North pier and south basin 1______-------_.._ _ __ H. Ex. Doc. 28, 41st Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1870, p. 119. Aug. 14, 1876 North basin i_________ .--------........... Annual Report, 1876, pt. 2, p. 379. Aug. 30, 19352 North Breakwater, removal of 650 feet of north pier, H. Doc. 168, 72d Cong., 1st sess., outer turning basin, present project dimensions and Rivers and Harbors Com- of channel and basin and extension of south break- 3 Doec. 41, 74th Cong., 1st mittee water. sess. 1Completed under previous projects. 2 Work recommended in H. Doc. 168, 72d Cong., 1st sess., included in Public Works Administration pro- gram, Sept. 6, 1933. 3 Contains latest published map. Recommended modification of project. The Chief of Engineers in House Document 446, 83d Congress, 2d session, recommends, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation, modifications of the existing project to provide for extending the lakeward end of existing north breakwater 1,280 feet, increasing the top elevation of the north caisson breakwater to 10 feet above low water datum and placing rubble on its lakeward and harbor sides; removing about 392 feet of caissons and 64 feet of rubble mound in the existing south breakwater to a depth of 24 feet below low water datum; enlarging the outer basin by deepen- ing an additional 150 feet landward of existing basin to 21 feet below low water datum; and relocating channel lines to correspond with the improvements. The estimated first cost for this modification as contained in the document is $2,515,000, with an increase in annual maintenance of $2,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two coal and building-material wharves and several fishing wharves. The city has provided a wharf RIVERS AND HARBORS CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1115 which is open to public use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $837. Riprap repairs were made to the north break- water by Government plant and hired labor, placing 966 tons of stone at a cost of $5,847. The U. S. dipper dredge Kewaunee, on July 1, 1954, removed 2,800 cubic yards of material at a cost of $1,615. Total maintenance costs were $8,299. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1936. Construction of the north breakwater and the removal of the outer portion of the north pier were commenced in April 1934 and completed in December 1934. Dredging of the entrance channel, outer turning basin, and the interior basins to existing project depth, was commenced in July 1934 and completed in December 1934. Con- struction of the south breakwater was commenced in July 1936 and completed in October 1936. The breakwaters and the north stub pier are in good condition. The original south pier, completed in 1893, was entirely removed in 1932 by private interests under permit granted October 25, 1930, by Secretary of War and replaced with a coal wharf. A south rubble-mound breakwater about 500 feet long was constructed in 1934 by private interests as an extension of their coal wharf in accordance with local cooperation requirements of House Document No. 168, 72d Congress, 1st session. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21.0 feet in the Government entrance channel and 17.9 feet in the turning basin. The interior basins had a controlling depth of 14.5 feet. The area between the south line of the Government entrance channel and the harbor face of the private coal wharf, which is maintained by private interests, had a controlling depth of 19.2 feet. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ................---------------------------------. $207, 714 $254, 206 $461, 920 Public Works funds----------------------------------_ 602, 995 602, 995 Total----.........----- ------------------ ---------- 810, 709 254, 206 1, 064, 915 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated---------------- ----- - ---- ------ ------------ ----------- $999,204 Cost-------------- ----------- ------------------------------------------- 999,204 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- .... $7, 500 $14,000 $1, 000 $20, 850 $2, 500 269, 641 Cost----------------- 7, 276 14,258 359 19, 782 2 4, 028 269, 328 1 Includes $188,495 for new work and $15,123 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $8,298 minus pending adjustment of $4,270 for fiscal year 1954. 1116 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIY, 1955 12. MILWAUKEE HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 85 miles northerly from Chicago and about 83 miles west of Grand Haven, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 743.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement of Milwaukee Harbor was adopted by act of March 3, 1843, and modi- fied by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, April 10, 1869, and March 3, 1899. The original project of the harbor of refuge was adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. The project of June 13, 1902, consolidating the harbor and harbor of refuge was modified by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905. For further details, see page 1938 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1462 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a north breakwater 9,954 feet long and a south breakwater of 9,671 feet, more or less, in length, extending to the shore, thereby forming a protected basin in which is being developed a commercial harbor by the city of Milwaukee, the width of entrance between the 2 breakwaters being about 500 feet. It further provides for the protection of the river mouth by 2 piers, 358 feet apart at the outer ends and 552 feet apart at the shoreline, 1,656 and 1,608 feet in length for the north and south piers, respec- tively; for a channel 21 feet deep, extending from that depth in the lake to the mouth of the river, a total length of about 2,850 feet, the width of channel outside the piers to be 600 feet; for dredging chan- nels 21 feet deep in the rivers from the inner ends of the entrance piers to the North Humboldt Avenue Bridge on the Milwaukee River, to a point 100 feet west of the west line of North 25th Street extended, on the Menomonee River and to the South Kinnickinnic Avenue Bridge on the Kinnickinnic River; for dredging to 21 feet a portion of the outer harbor between East Wisconsin Avenue extended and East Bay Street extended and easterly of a line 50 feet lakeward of the pier head line; and the abandonment of so much of the previous project as related to dredging inside the shoreline for the formation of turn- ing basins and widening channels. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and concrete caissons, all of which are capped with concrete superstructures. The inner entrance piers are formed of concrete caissons, stone-filled timber cribs, and piling and are also provided with concrete superstructures. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $4,963,000, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $575,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1117 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,1852 North pier 1......__----------........................ S. Doc. 175, 25th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3,1881 -----------.. Inner 7,600 feet of north breakwater 1- Annual Report, 1881, p. 2122. Mar. 2,1907 South pier. Extending north breakwater 1,000 feet__ Annual Report, 1906, p. 1752. (No prior survey or estimate affecting the breakwater extension.) Sept. 22, 1922 Extending north breakwater, for a south breakwater, H. Doc. 804, 66th Cong., 2d sess. for present project dimensions of the inner entrance channel. Aug. 30,1935 Dredging a portion of the outer harbor to 21-foot depth H. Doec. 289, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 Dredging river channels to 21-foot depth -----------.. .S. Doec. 29, 76th Cong., 1st sess.2 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, provided that the original dredging of the outer harbor area be done by the city of Milwaukee and the city of Milwaukee be reimbursed at actual cost but not to exceed 10 cents per cubic yard, place measurement, for original dredging done subsequent to the authorization of the work by Congress. Agreement covering the dredging was executed by the Secretary of War February 23, 1934, after this work was originally authorized as part of the Public Works program. All other requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 4 car-ferry slips, and 56 other wharves, private and municipal, used for the handling of coal, grain, building materials, cement, petroleum products, and miscellaneous commodities. As the facilities in the inner harbor are considered inadequate for existing commerce, the Milwaukee Harbor Commission is engaged in building an outer harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and inspections were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $1,605 and 6,790 tons of stone were placed as riprap for breakwater repairs by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $57,550. A contract for the reconstruction of 800 feet of the north breakwater was awarded in June 1955. A contract for dredging in the Milwaukee, Menom- onee, and Kinnickinnic Rivers was awarded in June 1955, and costs of $3,641 were incurred. Total maintenance costs were $62,796. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modifications of August 30, 1935, and March 2, 1945, was completed in 1934. No work has been done on deepening the outer harbor area to 21 feet north of the inner entrance piers, nor on the last modifica- tion of the project providing for dredging the river channels to 21 feet deep. The north breakwater was completed for a length of 8,210 feet in 1909. Construction of 1,744 feet in extension of the north breakwater was commenced in May 1924 and completed in August 1925, making the total length 9,954 feet. The north pier was com- pleted in 1905 and construction of the south pier was commenced in April 1909 and completed in November 1910. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection was commenced in May 1925 and completed in October 1929, except for placing additional riprap and rebuilding about 756 feet of the breakwater damaged by a storm of October 22-23, 1929. Rebuilding the damaged section of the south breakwater and placing of additional riprap were commenced in April 1931 and completed in August 1932. Dredging for deepening and wid- 1118 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 ening the entrance channel to existing project depth and width, was commenced in May 1929 and completed in September 1930. Placing additional small stone around the caisson breakwaters to chink the voids in the large riprap was commenced in 1930 and completed in 1934. Prior to the modification of August 30, 1935, the city of Mil- waukee dredged the area in the outer harbor south of the inner- entrance piers and lakeward of the pierhead line to more than 21 feet below datum without cost to the United States. The concrete superstructures and the timber crib section of the north breakwater and the harbor piers are showing some disintegra- tion and require repairs. The south breakwater and shore connec- tions are in generally good condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet and more in the entrance channel through the outer basin and between the inner piers, 21 feet in the Milwaukee River to Water Street Bridge, 17 feet to Juneau Avenue Bridge and 19 feet to end of project; 19 feet in Kinnickinnic River to 100 feet upstream of Chicago and Northwestern Railway Bridge, 17 feet to Kinnickinnic Avenue Bridge and 19 feet in the Menomonee River to the 16th Street Bridge, thence 16 feet to Northwestern-Hanna dock, thence 15 feet to upper end of project. The costs under the existing project were $4,537,812 for new work, $1,943,709 for maintenance, a total of $6,481,521. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 New work: -----------------------...........------------ ----------- Appropriated--- ......................--------.....- $5, 831,032 Cost--- -- --- ---------- - ----------- ------------------------ ,------------ 5,831,032 Maintenance: Appropriated--------....... $63, 000 $41, 500 $303, 900 $78. 150 $574, 210 2,926,986 Cost.----------------- 66, 305 39, 108 170, 782 198, 706 262, 217 2, 403,013 1 Includes $1,293,220 for new work and $459,305 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $62,795, minus pending adjustment of $578 for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------- $425, 200 13. RACINE HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 26 miles southerly from Milwaukee and about 64 miles northerly from Chicago. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 745.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the citi- zens of Racine about 1842 or 1843. The citizens' project was modified by acts of June 23, 1866, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For fur- ther details, see page 1939 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1465 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a north breakwater 2,640 feet long extending from shore at a point about 1,350 feet north of the remaining 180 feet of pier on the north side of the channel at the mouth of Root River, and for a south breakwater 2,652 feet long ex- tending from the city rubble mound about 1,650 feet south of the RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1119 remaining 22.5 feet of pier on the south side of the channel at the mouth of the river. It further provides for a channel, through the outer basin, 23 feet deep from that depth in the lake to a point about 400 feet inside the entrance, thence 21 feet to a point about 750 feet westward of the outer end of the north stub pier, with widths of 350 feet at the entrance, increasing to 1,000 feet through the outer harbor and decreasing to 190 feet in the river to a point about 750 feet west- ward of the outer end of the north stub pier, the total length of channel being about 2,300 feet; thence a channel 19 feet deep in Root River to a point about 195 feet below the north line of Bridge Street ex- tended, a distance of about 2,900 feet, with widths of 190 feet at the lower end reducing to 95 feet at the upper end, with intermediate reductions and enlargements; and removal of shoals about one-half mile lakeward of the harbor entrance to a minimum depth of 25 feet. The breakwaters and south stub pier are formed of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling, all being capped with concrete superstructures. The north stub pier is formed of stone-filled steel- sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for project as completed was $777,775, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of inner 300 linear feet of pile pier and 450 linear feet of rubble mound, originally part of south breakwater but no longer consid- ered necessary. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $70,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 }Breakwaters fH. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess., June 25, 1910 J kwats---------------------------------- and Annual Report, 1909, p. 1973. Aug. 26,1937 Removal of shoals lakeward of harbor entrance, en- Rivers and Harbors Committee, largement of 19-foot channel through outer basin Doc. 46, 76th Cong., 1st sess. and 19-foot channel in river. Mar. 2, 1945 Present project dimensions of channel through outer H. Doc. 816, 77th Cong., 2d sess., basin and in river. and H. Doc. 255, 78th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published maps). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of eight wharves used for han- dling of coal and fish. The city has provided a public wharf with warehouse. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a cost of $1,193 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was sub- stantially completed in 1946. Construction of the north breakwater 363037-55-vol. 2-71 1120 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and shore connection was completed in November 1918. Removal of the old north pier was completed in 1913. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection and the removal of the old south pier were commenced in June 1916, and completed in December 1924. Removal of the outer shoals widening and deepening the channel through the outer basin to existing project depth and width, and dredging of the river channel were commenced in July 1946, and completed in November 1946. The concrete superstructure on north breakwater and shore connection is disintegrating and requires re- pairs. The south breakwater and shore connection and stub piers are in generally good condition. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 23 feet or more in the en- trance channel, 20 feet through the outer basin and for a distance of about 400 feet in the river, thence 17 feet to State Street Bridge and 16 feet to upper limits of project. The costs under the existing project were $777,775 for new work and $661,647 for maintenance, a total of $1,439,422. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated --------------- ----------- --------------------- ----- ------- $1, 205, 015 Cost ..---.--------- ----------------------------------------- ------------ 1, 205, 015 Maintenance: Appropriated --.-_--- $103, 500 $8, 000 $18, 500 $8, 200 $1,000 741, 486 Cost----------------- 120, 551 9, 281 19, 191 7, 172 2 1, 193 741, 209 I Includes $427,240 for new work and $79,537 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Operation and results during fiscal year $1,218 minus pending adjustment of $25 for fiscal year 1954. 14. KENOSHA HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan distant about 35 miles southerly from Milwaukee and about 54 miles northerly from Chicago. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 74.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, September 19, 1890, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1939 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1468 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a detached breakwater 796 feet long, and for 2 parallel piers about 250 feet apart, 1,077 feet and 1,872 feet in length for the north and south piers, respectively. It further provides for an entrance channel 200 feet wide and 21 feet deep, from that depth in the lake a distance of 2,750 feet to an interior basin 21 feet deep; and for a channel 21 feet deep and generally 70 feet wide, extending 475 feet northwesterly from the northwest corner of the interior basin to within 35 feet of the 50th Street Bridge. The breakwater is formed of stone-filled timber cribs; the piers are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and pilings. The entire north pier, 1,175 feet of the south pier, and the entire breakwater are capped with con- crete superstructure. The inner 697 feet of the south pier has been provided with a steel sheet pile face. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1121 The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure of about 1/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $78,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and excluding $3,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 Parallel piers and 600 feet of breakwater 1__-- H. Doec.328, 54th Cong., 2d sess.; Annual Report, 1897, p. 2772; H. Doec.164, 55th Cong., 3d sess., Annual Report, 1899, p. 2817. Mar. 2, 1907 Extending breakwater 200.feet--.---- ------------ H. Doec.62, 59th Cong., 1st sess., and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doe. 3, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 2 Present project dimensions of entrance channel and Rivers and Harbors Committee basin. Doc. 19, 74th Cong., 1st sess. 5 May 17,1950 Channel northwesterly from basin---------------- H. Doc. 750, 80th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Included in the emergency relief program May 28, 1935. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of May 17, 1950, provided that local interests shall furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from dam- ages resulting from the initial construction and future maintenance dredging operations, and contribute $3,000 toward the cost of the improvement. Local interests were notified on July 19, 1950, of the required conditions and requested to furnish assurances that they will be met. Terminal facilities. There are four wharves used for handling coal, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities, and also several fishing wharves. While these facilities are considered generally ade- quate for existing commerce, more efficient use of existing terminals and utilization of available frontage for development of additional terminals should be made. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a cost of $1,014 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of May 17, 1950, was completed in 1936. No work has been done on the last modification of the project providing for channel northwesterly from the basin. The north pier completed in 1895, the south pier in 1900, and the breakwater in 1909 are in generally good condition. Dredging of the entrance channel and interior basin to existing project depth was commenced in October 1935 and com- pleted in April 1936. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet in the entrance channel and 1122 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the inner basin and 20 feet in the inner channel. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds--------------------------------_ $40, 553 $602, 415 $642,968 Total-----------------------------------------...... 68,211 602,415 670,626 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated . ------------------------------------------------------------ $522, 051 Cost--- ---------------------------------------------------------------- 051 522, Maintenance: Appropriated---------... $292 $1, 500 $29, 400. $9, 450 $500 624, 233 Cost----------------------------2,060 29, 481 8, 946 1, 014 624, 233 1 Includes $453,839 for new work and $21,818 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---- ------------ _ $9, 800 15. WAUKEGAN HARBOR, ILL. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 51 miles south of Milwaukee and about 38 miles north of Chicago. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 74.) Previous project. An appropriation was made by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852, for a breakwater. This work was abandoned. The original project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880, and modified by River and Harbor Act of Au- gust 2, 1882. For further details, see page 1940 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1508 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for: a. A northerly exterior breakwater, about 1,900 feet long extending easterly from the shore 1,030 feet, and thence southeasterly 870 feet to the outer end, forming a protected outer harbor. b. Parallel piers from the outer harbor to an inner basin, about 240 feet apart and 1,613 and 3,212 feet long for the north and south piers, respectively, the inshore end of the south pier diverging south- ward opposite the inner basin. c. An entrance channel 390 feet wide and 22 feet deep, extending from that depth in the lake to the outer end of the north pier, reducing to a channel between piers 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep to the inner basin, an inner basin 18 feet deep, about 13 acres, protected on the east side by a revetment 882 feet long, and an anchorage area 8 feet deep, about 6 acres, in the southwest corner of the inner basin. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Mich- igan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctu- ations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1123 a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $600,000, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects, and excluding $20,000 (cost of bulkhead and boat stalls) to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000, on completion of the project. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 14,1880 Parallel piers and basin 1_____-_____--------__ Annual Report, 1880, p. 1942. Aug. 2,1882 Modified location of harbor entrance 1---_Annual Report, 1882, pp. 277, 2163. June 13,1902 Detached breakwater, extension of piers, increasing H. Doc. 343, 56th Cong., 1st sess. width of harbor at inner end of north pier, and dredging channel and basin to existing project depth. July 3, 1930 Extension of breakwater to shore, dredging near the Rivers and Harbors Committee outer end of the north pier, and enlarging the inner Doc. 27, 71st Cong., 2d sess. basin. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Dredging an entrance channel to existing project H. Doc. 116, 77th Cong., 1st sess. dimensions from the outer end of the north pier to the project depth in the lake, and dredging an anchorage area in the southwest corner of the inner basin to the existing project depth. Abandonment of dredging the triangular area in the southwest corner of the inner basin to a depth of 18 feet. 21Completed under previous projects. Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that dredg- ing of the anchorage basin shall not be commenced until local interests furnish assurances to the Secretary of War that they will remove the abandoned water intake pipes; construct an adequate bulkhead in front of the city park and in front of the adjacent United States property; furnish free of cost to the United States, the land necessary for the anchorage area; release the United States from all claims for damages resulting from the improvement and provide and main- tain adequate mooring facilities. Local interests were informed of requirements on July 1, 1946. Permit authorizing construction of the required bulkhead was issued by the Department of the Army on August 25, 1948, and compliance with the remaining requirements is anticipated on completion of the bulkhead. Terminal facilities. There is one commercial dock which handles coal. In addition, there are 2 publicly owned docks, 1 which is owned by the city and is used for fishing, and the other is owned by the United States Government and used exclusively by the Corps of Engineers. The city dock is considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a cost of $9,826 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 92 percent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging to provide an anchorage area in the southwest corner of the inner basin. The north pier and east revetment (com- pleted in 1904) are in fair condition and the south pier (completed in 1124 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1909) is in good condition. The outer 600 feet of breakwater (com- pleted in 1904) and the shore-arm extension (completed in 1931) are in good condition except for deterioration at the outer end. The con- trolling depths are 18.0 feet in the entrance channel to the outer end of the south pier, over a channel 250 feet wide measured from the south channel; and 17.9 feet in the remaining portion of the entrance channel and inner basin except for minor shoals along edges of the channel. Depths are based on soundings taken in 1955, and are referred to low water datum. The mean-water level in June 1955 was 2.98 feet above datum. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $1,589,- 010, of which $536,758 were for new work and $1,052,252 for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: --- --- Appropriated .--------- -------------------------------- -------------- $754,991 Cost -- ------ ----- ---------- ---------------------------------- 754,991 Maintenance: Appropriated-- $5,000 $5,000 $26,800 $22,800 $9,500 637 1,067, Cost----------------- 3,742 6,502 26, 835 822 22, 9,826 1,067,963 1Includes $218,233 formaintenance forprevious projects. fornew work and $15,711 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ _-----___-------- $63, 200 16. CHICAGO HARBOR, ILL. Location. Northeastern Illinois, near the southern end of Lake Michigan; 85 miles in a southerly direction from Milwaukee, Wis. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 752.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1833, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, March 2, 1867, July 1, 1868, and April 10, 1869. Work was continued under these projects until 1870. (For further details, see p. 1941 of Annual Report for 1915, and p. 1510 of Annual Report for 1938.) Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. An inner breakwater, all of timber cribs, enclosing an inner basin of about 224 acres in extent, the breakwater being in 2 sections, as follows: The main inner breakwater 4,036 feet long with 300 feet of shore return on north end; a southerly extension 2,550 feet long. b. An exterior breakwater enclosing an outer basin of about 970 acres in extent, the breakwater being in 3 sections, exclusive of gaps, as follows: The shore extension at north end built of timber cribs and 2,250 feet long; the main exterior breakwater, built of timber cribs and 5,413 feet long; and the southerly extension, built of rubble mound and concrete caissons and 5,000 feet long, exclusive of the harbor entrance gap of 500 feet. c. Maintenance dredging to a depth of 21 feet of that part of the inner basin lying north of a line drawn eastwardly perpendicular to the eastern boundary of Grant Park, from the northern end of said RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1125 boundary, and also of the entrance to Chicago River from the lake to Rush Street over a width varying from 470 to 190 feet. d. Maintenance of that section of the north pier, 900 feet long, located east of the entrance to Ogden slip. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and temporary fluctua- tions of 0.1 to 0.5 foot, due to wind and difference in barometric pres- sure, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The cost for new work for the completed project was $3,409,844, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $110,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11,1870 Inner breakwaters and inner basin --------------- H. Ex. Doc. 114, 41st Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1879, pp. 1562-1567. June 14, 1880 Exterior breakwater ---- -----..... Annual Report, 1879, pp. 1562-1567. --....-- ----------......................- Mar. 3, 1899 Present project depth in the basin, and entrance to Annual Report, 1897, pp. 2790-2791. Chicago River. July 25,1912 Shore-arm and southerly extension of the exterior H. Doc. 710, 62d Cong., 2d sess. breakwater. Mar. 2,1919 Modification of the area to be dredged in the inner H. Doc. 1303, 64th Cong., 1st sess. basin. Mar. 3,1931 Shore-arm extension of the exterior breakwater trans- Public 797, 71st Cong. ferred to Lincoln Park Commissioners. Mar. 2,1945 Resumption of jurisdiction over the shore-arm exten- Public 14, 79th Cong. sion breakwater and over certain navigable waters in Lake Michigan which lie in the northwestern part of the outer harbor. The latest published map of this harbor is in the Annual Report for 1914, opposite page 2,924. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 32 docks for handling various types of cargo. The most important cargoes handled are coal, overseas package freight, and newsprint. Passenger excursion steamers are served by 6 of these 32 docks. There is 1 privately owned marine service mooring and 2 yacht club docks. The city of Chicago owns five docks, none of which are used for commercial purposes at the present time. The United States Government has 6 docks; 2 are used by the Coast Guard, 2 by the Navy, and 2 by the Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $19,338. Repairs to the shore-arm extension of the exterior breakwater and to the inner breakwater proposed by contract are suspended. Twelve percent of the work was completed by Govern- ment plant and hired labor, 1,946 tons of stone were placed on the Oak Street breakwater at a cost of $22,026. Total maintenance costs were $41,364. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1923. The entrance to Chicago River has been improved by the construction of parallel entrance piers, and dredging of a channel 190 to 470 feet in width, and a depth of 21 feet below datum. The 1126 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 northerly arm of the inner breakwater (timber 4,034 feet, with 304 feet of shore return on the north end, completed in 1875; concrete superstructure completed in 1934) is in good condition. The southerly arm (timber 2,544 feet, completed in 1880; concrete superstructure completed in 1930) is in fair condition. The exterior breakwater (timber 5,418 feet, completed in 1889; concrete superstructure com- pleted in 1930), the southerly extension (rubble mound 2,227 feet, completed in 1917), and the south arm (rubble mound 1,532 feet, com- pleted in 1920; and concrete caisson 1,185 feet, completed in 1922) are in fair condition. The shore-arm extension (timber 2,250 feet, completed in 1917) has deteriorated above the waterline. Repairs are in progress and by June 30, 1952, approximately 61 percent of the deteriorated portion was replaced by a concrete superstructure. The north pier (concrete superstructure, 975 feet, completed in 1908 and repaired in 1949) is in good condition. The controlling midchannel depth from the west end of the lock near the mouth of the Chicago River, to the Michigan Avenue Bridge, is 21 feet. Depths are based on soundings taken in December 1952 and are referred to low water datum. The mean water level, lakeward of the lock, in June 1955 was 2.98 feet above datum. The water level landward of the lock is con- trolled, the level being maintained at an elevation lower than that of Lake Michigan except during excessive storm runoff. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $5,984,- 013 of which $3,409,844 was for new work and $2,574,169 for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated-- .............---------.....- ---------------------------------- ------------ $3, 855,849 Cost--------------------------- ------------------------- ----------- ------------ 3, 855, 849 Maintenance: Appropriated......... -------- $413,000 $8,000 $53, 005 $15,000 -$168, 200 2, 619, 206 ................. Cost----------------- 170,961 42,407 57, 107 52, 170 41,364 2, 574, 169, 1 Includes $446,005 for new work for previous projects. 17. CHICAGO RIVER, ILL. Location. Cook and Lake Counties, Ill., the navigable portions being wholly in Cook County and the city of Chicago. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 752.) For description, see page 1467 of Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896, modified by acts of March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1942 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1513 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for maintenance dredging to 21 feet below the hydraulic grade line, corresponding to low water datumi in Lake Michigan, of the main river from Rush Street to the junction of the North and South Branches (0.7 mile), the North Branch froni RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1127 the junction to North Avenue (2.22 miles), the North Branch Canal (1.04 miles), and the North Branch turning basin; the channels and turning basins to be maintained to project depth to within 20 feet of existing docks. It also provides for dredging a channel 9 feet deep to within 30 feet of existing bulkheads and river banks, from North Avenue to Belmont Avenue, thence 9 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Addison Street. The width of channel in the main river varies from 200 to 300 feet, in North Branch from 50 to 150 feet, and in North Branch Canal from 70 to 110 feet. All depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York, with due allowance for hydraulic grade resulting from the drainage canal. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $593,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $46,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 3,1899 For project depth of 21 feet in lieu of that fixed by act Specified in act. of June 3, 1896. June 13,1902 Turning basins------------ -------------------------- Do. Mar. 2, 1907 Interpreted by Chief of Engineers, Apr. 11, 1908, as H. Doc. 95, 56 Cong., 1st sess. adopting the new work of the then existing project (Annual Report, 1900, p. 3863, for 21-foot depth. and Annual Report, 1909, p. 709.) Mar. 2,1919 Eliminated all work, except maintenance of the main H. Doc. 1294, 64th Cong., 1st sess. river, North Branch, North Branch Canal, and turning basin. July' 24, 1946 Dredging channel 9 feet deep to within 30 feet of ex- H. Doc. 767, 78th Cong., 2d sess.2 isting bulkheads and river banks from North Ave. to Belmont Ave., thence 9 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Addison St. 1 The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1914, opposite p. 2928. 2 Contains latest published map of the North Branch above North Ave. Recommended modifications of project. On February 28, 1949, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project for Chicago River, Ill., to provide for a channel 9 feet deep and 50 feet wide in the North Branch of Chicago River and North Shore Channel between Addison Street, Chicago, and Main Street, Skokie, with 3 passing places 45 feet wide and 500 feet long, in accord- ance with the plans of the district engineer, at an estimated cost to the United States of $776,000 for new work and $16,500 annually for maintenance in addition to the amount now required, subject to cer- tain requirements of local cooperation. Local cooperation. The act of July 24, 1946, provided that the improvement of the channel is subject to the condition that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages which may result from construction and maintenance of the improve- mnent. The above requirement has not been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 59 docks handling lake vessel and river barge cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are sand 1128 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIY, 1955 and gravel, coal, salt, cement, and petroleum products. There are 3 boatyards, 2 of which are used for servicing recreational craft and 1 engaged in constructing and servicing small craft as well as small Navy vessels. The city of Chicago owns two docks which are not used for commercial purposes at this time. The United States Gov- ernment has 2 docks which are used by the Corps of Engineers exclusively. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a cost of $10,601 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete except for the work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946. The controlling midchannel depths are as follows: In the main river, 21.0 feet; in the North Branch to the turning basin, 19.5 feet; in the North Avenue turning basin, 17.0 feet; North Avenue to Addison Street, 10.0 feet; and in the North Branch Canal, 17.4 feet. Depths are based upon soundings taken in June 1955, and are referred to low water datum. The water level in the Chicago River is controlled, the level being maintained at an elevation lower than that of Lake Michigan, except during excessive storm runoff into the river. The heads of navigation for deep-draft vessels are Belmont Avenue on the North Branch, and Leavitt Street on the west fork of the South Branch, 5.97 and 5.52 miles, respectively, from Michigan Avenue Bridge. The head of navigation for barge traffic is near Touhy Avenue on the North Shore Channel, about 11 miles from the Michi- gan Avenue Bridge. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $1,952,276, of which $544,679 were for new work and $1,407,597 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ...----------------------------------------------------------- 565 $1,500, Cost....------------------- ------------------------------------------------ 1,500, 565 Maintenance : Appropriated-------... . $7, 000 $10, 000 $151, 425 $10, 500 $11, 700 1,518, 610 ................. Cost------------------ 10,259 9,981 145,599 15,894 10,601 1,517,060 1 Includes $955,886 for new work and $109,463 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project------------- - - - $48, 300 18. CALUMET HARBOR AND RIVER, ILL. AND IND. Location. Northeastern Illinois (Cook County), near the southern end of Lake Michigan, 121/2 miles south of Chicago Harbor, and known on the Great Lakes as South Chicago Harbor, it being in the southerly RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1129 part of and within the corporate limits of the city of Chicago, except for a part of the breakwaters and of the anchorage behind same, which are in Indiana. The Calumet River is within the Chicago city limits. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 75.) For description, see page 1471 of Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. The original project for Calumet Harbor was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and modified August 11, 1888. Work was continued under these projects until 1896. The original project for Calumet River was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 5, 1884, and modified August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1943 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1515 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. For an outer harbor protected by a breakwater extending east- ward from the shore about 4,400 feet and thence southeasterly about 8,100 feet to the harbor entrance. b. For an approach channel 3,200 feet wide and 28 feet deep through the shoals outside the breakwater. c. For an outer harbor channel and anchorage area 3,000 feet wide and 26 feet deep. d. For an entrance channel to the river 350 feet wide and 26 feet deep to the Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway bridge. e. For a channel in Calumet River of 200-foot minimum width, 25 feet deep to the Semet-Solvay wharf near 111th Street, thence 23 feet deep through the rock section to near 114th Street, thence 21 feet deep to 122nd Street, and thence 21.5 feet deep to and including turning basin No. 5. f. For widening and straightening the river channel, except through the rock cut, to within 20 feet of bulkhead lines now or hereafter established. g. For five turning basins spaced along the river channel, of suitable size for turning the largest lake cargo vessels, and each of the same depth as the adjacent channel. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Fluctuations in stage of the river are practically those resulting from changes of water level in Lake Michigan. On Lake Michigan, sea- sonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and temporary fluc- tuations of 0.1 to 0.5 feet, due to wind and difference in barometric pressures, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955 is $12,037,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $125,000. 1130 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Annual Report, 1896, pp. 2584, et June 13,1902 Outer harbor protected by breakwater--------------...............seq., and H. Doc. 277, 54th Cong. u1st sess. Mar. 3,1905 5 turning basins..------------------------------..... H. Doc. 172, 58th Cong., 2d sess. June 25,1910 Provided for shape and dimensions of turning basins__ H. Doc. 349, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22,1922 Consolidated the 2 projects for Calumet Harbor and Calumet River. 3 Aug. 30,19351 Detached breakwater; dredging the outer harbor to H. Doc. 494, 72d Cong., 2d sess. existing project depth and dimensions; deepening river-entrance channel and river to existing project depths; widening and straightening the river chan- nel; deepening the 5 turning basins to the same depth as the adjacent channel. Mar. 2,1945 Provide an approach channel to the harbor 3,200 feet H. Doc. 233, 76th Cong., 1st sess.2 wide and 28 feet deep through the shoals outside the breakwater and for closing the existing gap between the breakwaters. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933, and Dec. 16, 1933. t Contains latest published maps of the river. 3 Contains latest published map of the harbor. Local cooperation. The act of March 3, 1905, required, as a condi- tion precedent to Federal expenditures upon any 1 of the 5 turning basins, the donation to the United States of the land necessary for that turning basin. As a result the land needed for turning basins 1, 3, and 5 was conveyed to the United States. The total area thus conveyed is 17.85 acres, and the value of the land at the time of its conveyance was approximately $35,700. The act of August 30, 1935, provided that the widening of the chan- nel at any locality, or the future excavation of a turning basin, shall not be commenced until local interests have furnished, free of cost to the United States, the lands or easements necessary for such widening or excavation, and have either provided any necessary bulkheads, or have released the United States from all damages to adjacent lands by reason of the excavation. The Republic Steel Corporation has dredged a new turning basin on the east side of the Calumet River just north of 122d Street, to replace the original turning basin 3, and has constructed a bulkhead along the channel side of the original basin 3, and reclaimed the area to provide land for plant expansion. The corporation has also built a bulkhead along two portions of the east side of the river between a point opposite the Semet-Solvay slip and the new turning basin 3, and has widened and deepened the east side of the rock section between the United States east channel line and its bulkhead. The United States has widened and deepened two portions of the east side of the river between the south end of the rock section and turning basin 3, mile 4.7. Local interests donated the necessary land for the widening. Terminal facilities. There are 44 docks handling foreign overseas, RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1131 lake vessels, and river barge cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are iron ore, grain, coal, limestone, sand and gravel, iron and steel products, and miscellaneous package freight. There are 2 boat- yards, 1 for repairs to large lake vessels (this yard has 2 large dry- docks), and the other boatyard has 1 floating drydock for repairing and building commercial river craft. The United States Government owns one dock which is used by the Corps of Engineers only. There are no other publicly owned docks on the Calumet River, except for the one reserved for the exclusive use of the one city of Chicago fireboat. Operations and results during fiscal year. New Work: Dredging, by contract, adjacent to the Marblehead Lime Company dock was completed at a cost of $69,167. Maintenance: Condition surveys and flue dust investigations were made at a cost of $41,514, repairs to mooring piers were completed by contract at a cost of $3,571. Total maintenance costs were $45,085. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 52 percent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the construction of turning basins 2 and 4; dredging por- tions of the outer harbor; deepening, widening, and straightening the Calumet River; dredging an approach channel to the harbor through the shoals outside the detached breakwater; and closing the gap be- tween the breakwaters. The timber breakwater (6,712 feet, completed in 1904; concrete superstructure completed in 1924) is in fair condi- tion. The cellular type steel-sheet pile breakwater (5,007 feet, com- pleted in 1935) is in good condition. Under permit from the Secre- tary of War, the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company and its predecessors have removed all of the south pier (completed in 1897) and replaced it with a concrete dock wall 2,961 feet in length and 50 feet southerly of the pier's original location. Under permits from the Department, the Defense Plant Corporation has built two sec- tions of bulkhead on the east side of the river between a point opposite the Semet-Solvay slip and the new turning basin 3 at mile 4.7. The United States has widened and deepened the channel adjoining the new bulkhead except along the rock section, where the widening was done by the corporation. Depths in the outer harbor vary from 21 to 28 feet. Controlling midchannel depth in the entrance channel is 25.4 feet. The controlling midchannel depth in the river is 18.4 feet, up to and including turning basin 5. Depths are based on soundings taken in February and March 1955, and are referred to as low water datum. The mean water level in June 1955 was 2.98 feet above datum. The head of navigation for deep-draft vessels in the river is at turning basin 5 at the entrance to Lake Calumet. The total costs, all funds, to June 30, 1955, were $9,021,865 of which $5,985,262 were regular funds and $3,036,603 were Public Works funds; $5,685,708 being for new work and $3,336,157 for maintenance. 1132 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated-----.......------- ------- ---- ----------------------- $180, 000 $6, 652, 514 Cost ---------- ---------------------------------- ------------ 69,167 6, 541, 681 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $22, 752 $122, 500 $19, 165 $59, 300 44, 300 3, 381, 387 Cost.......-----------------........... 23, 620 59, 907 79, 326 60, 948 45, 085 3, 381,387 1 Includes $855,973 for new work and $45,230 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ _ -- $110, 833 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 60, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding year ending 'June 30, 1956________ ---------------------------------------- 110, 833 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------ _ 6,180,500 19. INDIANA HARBOR, IND. Location. Northwestern Indiana (Lake County), on southwest shore of Lake Michigan, 18 miles southeast of Chicago Harbor. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 755.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1943 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1520 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for: a. A northerly rubble-mound breakwater 2,520 feet long, an easterly reinforced concrete-caisson breakwater 1,507 feet long, an extension of this latter breakwater about 2,300 feet to the north, and the con- struction and placing of a lighthouse crib. b. An entrance channel generally 800 feet wide, with a depth of 28 feet at the outer end and 26 feet at the inner end. c. Dredging the anchorage and maneuver basin in the outer harbor to a depth of 26 feet, and the channel between the bulkhead fills in the outer harbor to a depth of 25 feet. d. Widening the main stem of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a bot- tom width of 260 feet with a depth of 22 feet from the outer harbor to The Forks, and dredging the Calumet River Branch from The Forks to 141st Street to the same width and depth. e. A channel 22 feet deep and 160 feet wide in the Lake George Branch from The Forks to White Oak Avenue. f. The maintenance of a channel 20 feet deep and 80 feet wide in the remainder of the Calumet River Branch south of the north line of 141st Street, except the removal of sewage deposits and other city refuse, after completion and acceptance from private parties. g. The construction of a turning basin at The Forks 22 feet deep. That part of the Calumet River Branch Channel from the north line of 141st Street to the Grand Calumet River has not as yet been com- pleted by local interests or accepted for maintenance by the United States. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1133 Seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and temporary fluctuations of 0.1 to 0.5 foot, due to wind and difference in barometric pressures, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $4,690,000, exclusive of amount expended in previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $85,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documtnts June 26, 1910 Outer harbor and maintenance of inner harbor H. Doc. 1113, 60th Cong., 2d sess. channel. Mar. 4,1913 Breakwaters_--- ---------------------------------- _ H. Doc. 690, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2,1919 Lighthouse crib, present length ant alinement of the Rivers and Harbors Committee easterly and northerly breakwaters. Doec. 6, 68th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 20.1922 Modified the length of channel to be maintained in Public 176, 67th Cong. extension to Lake George. Mar. 3,1925 Authorized the Secretary of War to modify the proj- ect so far as relates to length and alinement of breakwaters and to sell to Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. approximately 1,180 linear feet of shore- ward end of the existing north breakwater. July 3,1930 Existing project channel width and depth in the Rivers and Harbors Committee Lake George Branch, turning basin at The Forks. Doe. 21, 71st Cong., 2d sess. June 30,1932 Authorized the Secretary of War to sell to the Inland Public 219, 72d Cong. Steel Co. approximately 1,903 linear feet of the southerly end of the existing east breakwater. Aug. 30, 19351 Extension to easterly breakwater; dredging entrance Rivers and Harbors Committee channel and outer harbor; deepening channel Doec. 29, 72d Cong., 1st sess. between bulkhead fills; widening the main stem of the canal and the portion of the Cabinet River Branch to 141st St. Aug. 26,1937 Modified conditions of local cooperation required Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 before enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal Doc. 13, 75th Cong., 1st sess. is undertaken by the United States. I Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933, and July 25, 1934. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of August 26, 1937, provides that the enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal shall not be undertaken until local interests have furnished a right-of-way 300 feet wide and have constructed substantial bulkheads along the channel on the established lines shown on the map accompanying Rivers and Harbors Committee Document 13, 75th Congress, 1st session, provided that the improvement on one side may proceed in any section on fulfillment of the conditions for that side of the section, and provided further, that south of the turning basin at The Forks (beginning 450 feet south of the intersection of the present Calumet Branch and main- stem bulkhead lines), widening and deepening by the United States shall be done only as the rights-of-way and bulkheads on at least one side of the channel are continuously provided southward from the above limit of the turning basin at The Forks. To provide for the 300-foot channel, a parcel of land (of about 4.6 acres), generally 100 feet wide, lying on the east side of the Calumet River Branch, commencing at the north side of 141st Street and extending northward toward The Forks for a distance of about 2,107 feet, has been conveyed to and accepted by the United States. Local interests have also con- structed about 1,350 feet of bulkhead along the east side of the Calumet River Branch, and have reconstructed the bulkhead on 1134 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the west side from The Forks to 141st Street. The defense Plant Corporation has built a bulkhead along the east side of the canal between the Pennsylvania Railroad Co.'s bridge and Dickey Place Bridge; the United States has widened and deepened the east side of this portion of the widening. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 16 docks handling lake and river cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are iron ore, petroleum products, limestone, iron and steel products, sand and gravel, and coal. There are no public docks in this harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and flue dust investigations were made at a cost of $31,826. Dredging in the harbor and in the canal was completed by contract, 105,041 cubic yards of material being removed at a cost of $77,123, of which approxi- mately $54,923 was reimbursed by the United States Steel Co. Total maintenance costs were $108,949. Contributed funds in the amount of $2,372 were expended for plans and specifications for the proposed modification of the northerly breakwater. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 80 percent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the existing project consists of completing the widening of the main-stem of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a bottom width of 260 feet, with a depth of 22 feet from the outer harbor to The Forks; complete widening of the Calumet River Branch from The Forks to 141st Street to the same width and depth, and complete deepening and widening to full project dimensions of the upper 3,440 feet of the Lake George Branch. The north breakwater (rubble mound, 2,520 feet, completed in 1922) is in good condition. The east breakwater (concrete caisson, 1,507 feet, completed in 1926) and northerly extension (rubble mound, 2,324 feet, completed in 1935) are in good condition. The controlling mid- channel depths are as follows: 26 to 28 feet in the entrance channel parallel to the rubble mound breakwater and generally 26 feet in the outer harbor; 21 feet between the bulkheads of the steel companies to the 5 bridges; 21 feet from the 5 bridges to the turning basin at The Forks; 22 feet in the turning basin at The Forks; from 19.9 feet at the basin entrance to 15 feet at a point 200 feet from the south side of the basin, in the turning basin east of Canal Street; 22.0 feet from the turning basin at The Forks to 200 feet below the 141st Street Bridge; and 22.0 feet from the turning basin to 700 feet above the Indianapolis Boulevard Bridge, on the Lake George Branch. Depths are based upon soundings taken January, February, March, May and June 1955, and are referred to low water datum. The mean level in June 1955 was 2.98 feet above datum. The head of navigation for commercial vessels is at the Baltimore & Ohio Terminal Railroad bridge on the Lake George Branch, about 3 miles from the outer harbor, and at a point about 2,200 feet from The Forks on the Calumet River Branch, about 2.5 miles from the outer harbor. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, all funds, were $5,860,719, of which $4,240,303 were regular funds, $1,618,044 Public Works funds and $2,372 contributed funds; $3,631,060 being for new work and $2,229,659 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1135 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: ............--- Appropriated........------------------- ------------ ------------------------ 689, 356 $3, Cost................ -------- -------------------------------------------------------- 3, 689, 356 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $101,000 $92,000 $43, 465 $36,400 $109, 250 2, 233,163 Cost-----------------................. 116, 519 94, 647 41, 309 44, 922 108, 949 2, 232,168 1Includes $60,668 for new work and $2,509 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ -_ $45, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------- ----____ 45, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------------- 1,016, 300 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ..........----------------------------------------------- $2, 500 $2, 500 Cost ....-------------------------------------------------------- 2, 372 2, 372 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ _ $128 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------__ ------------------------------------------- 128 20. MICHIGAN CITY HARBOR, IND. Location. Northwestern Indiana (in La Porte County), on the southeasterly shore of Lake Michigan, 38 miles in a southeasterly direction from Chicago Harbor. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 75.) For descriptions, see page 1482 of Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 4, 1836, and work was continued under this project until 1870. For further details, see page 1944 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1524 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for: a. A detached breakwater, east and west entrance piers, and a dredged channel, 120 to 150 feet wide and 18 feet deep, from Lake Michigan to the upper of two turning basins, which are also to have a depth of 18 feet. b. The repair and restoration of the westerly 1,000 feet of the old east breakwater. c. Dredging an anchorage shoreward of the restored section to a depth of 12 feet in the northerly portion and 8 feet in the southerly portion. d. Enlarging the entrance to this basin through the east pier to a width of 66 feet. 363087-55---vol. 2----72 1136 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and temporary fluctuations of 0.1 and 0.5 foot, due to wind and difference in baromet- ric pressures occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,212,385, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000. The existing project is based on the following reports and River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents - - I East breakwater and old east pier enclosing the outer basin. Recommendation of a Board of Engineers, Annual Report, 1870, p. 123. Extension of east pier..........................-------------------------- Reports of Boards of Engineers, Annual Report, 1881, pp. 2187- 2189; Annual Report, 1882, pp. 2264-2266. Mar. 3, 1899 Extension of east pier and construction of detached Annual Report, 1897, pp. 2903-2904. breakwater. Mar. 3,1905 . Lower turning basin___________________.. __. __.__ Rebuilding of the west pier as at present located. Joint resolution of Congress ap- Present project dimensions of entrance channel. proved May 13, 1908, Public 23. Jan. 21,1927 Existing project depth in channel, and in lower and H. Doe. 279, 69th Cong., 1st sess. middle turning basins, elimination of the improve- ment of Trail Creek above the middle turning basin and of the uncompleted portion of the de- tached breakwater, abandonment of east break- water and old east pier enclosing the outer basin. Aug. 30, 1935 Restoration and repair of westerly 1,000 feet of east Rivers and Harbors Committee breakwater, dredging outer basin, and enlarging Doec. 34, 74th Cong., 1st sess. the entrance to the basin through the east pier. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are four fish docks in this project. The only commodity handled at this harbor is fresh fish. There are two small boatyards, which repair and construct recreational craft only. The one public dock is owned by the city and has not been used for commercial purposes to date. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $3,416. Emergency repairs to detached breakwater and east pier were completed by contract at a cost of $33,150. Total maintenance costs were $36,566. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in December 1936. Concrete superstructure, 1,304 feet, on the de- tached breakwater, completed in 1925, is in fair condition, and the entrance piers, completed in 1931, are in good condition. Under permit from the Secretary of War, the Northern Indiana Public Service Co., has removed 6,15 feet of the inner end of the west pier and about 719 feet of the bulkhead south of the pier, and has replaced them with a steel-sheet pile bulkhead located landward of the former dock line. The area channelward of the new bulkhead was dredged by the permittee to 18 feet. Depths in the entrance channel up to the Franklin Street Bridge vary from 9 to 24 feet. Between the Franklin Street Bridge and the turning basin at the head of the project, the depths vary from 1.0 to 12.0 feet in a channel about 60 feet wide, except in the draws of the Michigan Central Railroad Co.'s RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1137 bridge where the width is about 40 feet. The turning basin at the head of the project has shoaled above datum. Available anchorage depths in the small boat basin are 12 feet in the northerly portion and 8 feet in the southerly portion. Depths are based upon soundings taken during April 1955 and are referred to low water datum. The mean water level in June 1955 was 2.98 feet above the datum. The head of navigation for com- mercial vessels is the turning basin at the head of the project, 1.04 mile above the outer end of the west pier. Above this point, depths are only sufficient for small launches. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $2,667,- 780 of which $1,212,385 were for new work and $1,455,395 for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated----------------.---------- -------------------- ------------ $1,499,774 Cost-----------------.. ..------------------------------------------------ 11,499,774 Maintenance: Appropriated ...--- --$1,742 $2, 500 $3,100 $92, 400 $1,150 1, 455, 436 Cost . ..---------------------------- 2, 441 2, 959 57, 143 36, 566 1, 455, 395 1 Includes $287, 389 for new work for previous projects. 21. ILLINOIS WATERWAY, ILL. AND IND. Location. The Illinois River (entirely within the State of Illi- nois), formed by the confluence of the Kankakee and the Des Plaines Rivers, flows in a southwesterly direction and enters the Mississippi at Grafton, Ill., about 38 miles above St. Louis. The Illinois Waterway comprises the Illinois River from its mouth to the confluence of the Kankakee and Des Plaines Rivers, a distance of 273 miles; the Des Plaines River to Lockport, a distance of 18.1 miles, and the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and the south branch of the Chicago River to Lake Street, Chicago, a distance of 34.5 miles. Also from a point 12.4 miles above Lockport, Ill., the waterway comprises the Calumet-Sag Channel and the Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers to turning basin 5,near the entrance to Lake Calumet, a distance of 23.8 miles; and the Grand Calumet River from the junc- tion to 141st Street, deep (lake) draft navigation, a distance of 9 miles, and to Clark Street, Gary, Ind., a distance of 4.2 miles. Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, April 10, 1869, July 11, 1870, June 14, 1880, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1945 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1172 of Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This project provides for the construction of 9 locks and 6 dams; dredging a navigation channel with least dimen- sions of 9 feet in depth and 300 feet in width from the mouth of Waterway at Grafton, Ill., to Lockport, Ill., a distance of 291.1 miles; a navigable channel depth of not less than 9 feet of the present width, from Lockport to the controlling works, a distance of 2 miles; a channel with usable depth of 9 feet and width of 225 feet, from the controlling works to its junction with the Calumet-Sag Channel, a 1138 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 distance of 10.4 miles; thence in the Calumet-Sag Channel to the present lock in Blue Island, Ill., a distance of 16 miles; a channel 9 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the Calumet and Little Calumet Rivers, from the lock in Blue Island to turning basin 5, a distance of 7.8 miles. Also a channel with usable depth of 9 feet and a width of 225 feet along the general route of the Grand Calumet River from its junction with the Little Calumet River to and in the Indiana Harbor Canal to 141st Street, East Chicago, Ind., a distance of 9 miles. Also from the junction of the Indiana Harbor Canal and the Grand Calumet River, a channel in that river of usable depth of 9 feet and a width of 160 feet to Clark Street in Gary, Ind., with a turning basin at Clark Street, a distance of 4.2 miles. Also, the removal of the controlling lock at Blue Island, Ill., and construction of a controlling works in Calumet River near its head, and similar structures in the proposed Grand Calumet Channel west of the Indiana Harbor Canal; alteration or elimination of railroad bridges across these channels lakeward of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, or the construction of new railroad bridges, to provide suitable clearances, with apportionment of the costs between the bridge owners and the United States, in general accordance with the provisions of section 6 of Public Law 647, 76th Congress; and making at the expense of the United States all fixed span bridges across the waterway, between McDonough Street, in Joliet, and turning basin 5, capable of conversion to lift bridges having vertical clearance of not less than 40 feet. The project also provides for a navigable channel depth of not less than 9 feet of the present width from the Calumet-Sag Junction to Lake Street, Chicago, via the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and south branch of the Chicago River, a distance of 22.1 miles. Provision is also made for a small boat harbor in the vicinity of Peoria, Ill., by construction of a basin 510 by 250 feet, dredged to a depth of 7 feet and protected by an earth embankment riprapped on the lakeside. The total length of the project from the mouth to Lake Street, Chicago, is 325.6 miles, to turning basin 5, is 327.3 miles, to 141st Street, Chicago, is 325.6 miles, to turning basin 5, is 327.3 miles, to 141st Street, is 334.7 miles, and to Clark Street in Gary, Ind., is 336 miles. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $159,603,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,870,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21,1927 Channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide from mouth of Rivers'and Harbors Committee Illinois River to Utica, 231 miles, modification of Doc. !4, 69th Cong., 1st sess., and the 2 United States locks and dams, removal of the S. Doc. 130, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 2 State dams. (Act authorized appropriation of not to exceed $3,500,000 for carrying on the work.) July 3, 1930 Channel depth of 9 feet from Utica, Ill., to the heads S. Doc. 126,'71st Cong., 2d sess. of the present Federal projects on the Chicago and Calumet Rivers, distances of 94.6 miles to Lake St. and 96.3 miles to turning basin 5, respectively, to be secured by means of completed dams, locks, lateral canals, and dredging begun by the State of Illinois in general accordance with the present plans of the State for that work. The act in adopting the project authorized the appropriation of not to exceed $7,500,000 for carrying on the work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1139 Acts Work authorized Documents June 26, 19341 Operation and care of the locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. 2 Aug. 30, 1935 Construction of modern locks and dams at La Grange H. Doe. 184, 73d Cong., 2d sess. and Peoria and for a channel 9 feet deep and 300 feet wide below Lockport, the exact location and details of design of all structures to be left to the discretion of the Chief of Engineers, and, for the time being, that no change be made in the water authorized for navigation of the Illinois River by act of July 3, 1930. Aug.30,1935 This act also provides for 3 passing places along the H. Doc. 180, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Sag Channel and the authorized channel in the Calumet-Sag route to turning basin 5, and dredging at entrance of Lake Calumet. June 14, 1937 Realinement of portion of Calumet River and aban- Rivers and Harbors Committee (Pub. Res. donment of bypassed section of the Calumet River. Doc. 19, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 42) June 20,1938 Modifies requirements of "local cooperation" in act Public, 685, 75th Cong., 3d sess. of Aug. 30, 1935. 'Oct. 23,1943 Payment of damages to levee and drainage districts H. Doc. 711, 77th Cong., 2d sess. due to seepage and other factors, amount not to exceed $303,500. Mar. 2, 1945 Enlarge the Calumet-Sag Channel to a width of 160 H. Doc. 145, 76th Cong., 1st sess. feet and to a usable depth of 9 feet. Dredge a barge channel 160 feet in width with a usable depth of 9 feet in the Grand Calumet and Little Calumet River branch of the Indiana Harbor Canal to deep (lake) draft through 141st St., East Chicago, Ind. Construct in the Little Calumet River a lock of suitable dimensions for barge navigation. Rebuild or otherwise alter at Federal expense all obstructive railroad bridges across the Calumet-Sag Channel, Little Calumet River, Calumet River, Grand Calumet River, and Indiana Harbor Canal, so as to provide suitable clearance, except that no Fed- eral funds shall be expended for removal or altera- tion of the Illinois Central R. R. bridge at mile 11.20 of the Little Calumet River. July 24,1946 Substitute the following work for that authorized by H. Doc. 677, 79th Cong., 2d sess. act of Mar. 2, 1945: Replacement of emergency dam in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal; enlarge- ment of that canal thence to Sag Junction and of Calumet-Sag Channel to afford channels 225 feet wide with usable depth of 9 feet; construction along the general route of Grand Calumet River of a channel with usable depth of 9 feet, 225 feet wide between Little Calumet River and the junction with the Indiana Harbor Canal and 160 feet wide thence to Clark St., Gary, Ind., with a turning basin at Clark St.; enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a width of 225 feet and usable depth of 9 feet between Grand Calumet River and the vicinity of 141st St., inclusive; removal of Blue Island lock and construction of a lock and control works in Calumet River near its head, and of similar structures in the proposed Grand Calu- met Channel west of the Indiana Harbor Canal; alteration or elimination of railroad bridges across these channels lakeward of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, or the construction of new railroad bridges, to provide suitable learances. July 24,1946 Provide for a small boat harbor in the vicinity of H. Doc. 698, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Peoria, Ill., by construction of a basin 510 by 250 feet, dredged to a depth of 7 feet. Julyl 17, 1953 Authorizes $48,933 to reimburse Nutwood drainage H. Doc. 144, 82d Cong., 1st sess. and levee district for additional pumping opera- tions; supplementing $58,750 authorized in the Oct. 23, 1943 Act. 12 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. Contains latest published map of Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers. 3 Included, in part, in the Public Works Administration program, Oct. 31, 1934, and Feb. 28, 1935. The latest published map and profile of the Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers are contained in House Document 184, 73d Congress, 2d session, and a map of the Calumet-Sag Channel is printed in House Docu- ment 145, 76th Congress, 1st session. Pertinent data for existing and proposed locks and dams are given in the following table: I. F-1 Lock Location Dimensions Depth on miter sills at low water 1 Name Miles Available O above Nearest town Width of length Lift at low Lower Upper mouth chamber for full water 1 0 width H Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet H La Grange____------- -------...._________.......... 80. 2 7.8 miles below Beardstown, Ill ----------------- 110 600 10.0 13. 0 15. 5 O f3 M Peoria--.............--------------- _____ _ 157. 7 4.1 miles below Peoria,Ill .............----------------------- 110 600 11.0 12.0 15. 5 Starved Rock-- .---........----- .231.0 _________ ____ _ Utica, Ill-__........-.....-.... ........ ___.... 110 600 18. 5 14.0 16.85 Marseilles .................. ... ______________________ 244. 6 Marseilles, Ill--------------------------------- 110 600 24. 25 14. 0 18. 6 Dresden Island-____..______________ ____ 271.5 Morris, Ill_.....______-- .....- _ ___--_____......_ 110 600 21.75 12. 25 16.85 Brandon Road__................________________________. 286.0 Joliet, Ill..................................------------------------------------ 110 600 34.0 13.8 17.85 Lockport--- ....--- ---------------------- 291.1 Lockport, Ill--------------------------------- 110 600 230.5-39.5 15.0 211.5-22.0 Calumet River s__________________________________ 326. 4 Chicago, Ill .....................---------------------------------- 110 950 ---------- 14. 0 14. 0 Grand Calumet 3____________________________ 329. 5 Hammond, Ind_-------- __ - -____-_______ 110 950 ------------ 14.0 14.0 Lock-Continued Dam Estimated Percent- Year of cost to United Name comple- comple- States under 0 CA Typeofcon- Character of Kind T of Character of comple- tion existing t struction foundation foundation tion project Illinois River, mouth to Utica; ------------ ' $2, 773, 499 channel improvement by dredging in the Illinois River below Starved Rock, modifica- tion of 2 United States locks and dams, and for the removal of the 2 State dams. La Grange ... .. . ----------- Concrete_ Piles in sand__ Movable (wicket type Concrete and timber- ..... |. Piles in sand_ 100 1939 4 2, 744, 592 andweir with A-frame crest). F Peoria _.. .... ........ ..... ... ___do_ ..... do _....... Movable (wicket type) __ _... do _-________--------- --..--do .... .. 100 1939 S3, 381,030 Starved Rock. ...... ........... __do _---- Rock ............ Movable (Tainter gates)_ Concrete and structural steel_ Rock._. . - -- do 100 1933 4885, 315 Marseilles------- _- do __-- - --- --...do ..............- ... do------------- ... do....... 100 1933 41,853, 725 Dresden Island_---------------- ___do ------. -- - do __-... -..- do ................ do - ..- .. do ......- - ...do 100 1933 42, 503, 376 Brand Road__.------- - - ___do-.. .do do ...... .... ... .... -.... _do .................... ....-do......... 100 1933 4 2, 031, 683 Lockport ...... ... ... .. .... ___do_... Movable (sector gates) a do ...... --... ... do .... 100 1933 4 133, 608 Proposed lock in Calumet River-- Concrete Piles in clay--- Fixed a Concrete and sheet piling _.- Piles in clay.........----------------- .--------------- 4, 479, 000 and sheet piling. ----- Proposed lock in Grand Calument do---...--- do---......------.......do. .... do---- ------------------ ......... ....... .... ---------- do------- ---------.... 4,425, 000 Channel. Proposed replacement of emer- -- --------..---------------- (Movable vertical lift Structural steel-------------............. Rock --...........---------------...---------- 1,082, 000 gency dam. type.) Lock and dam equipment-------...... ------------- --------------- ------------------- ------------------------------- ----------------------- -------- 000 1,706, Total, locks and dams.......----------------- ------------ --------------- -------- ------------------------------ -- ---------------------------------- 27, 998, 828 ADDITIONAL FEATURES ENTERING INTO COST OF PROJECT Dredging: Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers- ..........----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4$2, 135, 358 Calumet-Sag, 3 passing places....-------......--------.....------------.............................---......---------------------------------------------------------------- 4813,419 Starved Rock to Lockport---..... __.....--------- ------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------.. 4,359,358 Starved Rock to Grafton .....-----------.........................------------------...----------------.......-------------------------------.............------------------------------------------------. 3, 114, 683 O Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal........---------..............................----------------.....-------------------..--.............------------------------------------------------------ 13, 749,000 Calumet-Sag Channel----....----------------------------------------------------.. ....------------------------------------------ 35, 239, 000 Grand Calument River and Indiana Harbor Canal_ _ ------------------------------------ ----- ----- ------------------- ------------ 6,192, 6 000 Peoria small-boat harbor......................................................------------------------------------------------------------------------------......------------........... 24, 937 Protection piers at all locks ................---------------------........----.....--------------------------....---------- ----------------.........-------------------------..... 77, 633 Calumet-Sag Channel, advance planning--------- ...---------- ------. . 3, 500, 000 Rebuilding railway bridges: Calumet-Sag Channel--.....-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23, 371,000 Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers __.---- . ...---------------- -............---------------- ----------------------------- ------- .. .------ ---- -- 17,109,000 20, 637, 000 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor Canal ................................................ 20, 637, 000 Removal of Blue Island lock--- ..------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117, 300 St. Louis, Mo., district.......1,140,684-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------............. 1, 140, 684 Miscellaneous.............. .. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ...------------------------------------- 23,800 Total additional features ...----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 131, 172 604, Total existing project ...........---------------.....------------------------------------------------------------------..........----------------------- 603, 000 159, 1Lifts and depths on miter sills are those obtained with flat pools. 4 Actual cost. 2 Variation in lift and depth on upper miter sill at Lockport is due to fluctuation 56 dams completed by Corps of Engineers; the 48-foot bear trap at Lockport com- 3 of water surface in the sanitary district canal. Proposed. pleted 6 by State of Illinois. Control works. 1142 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, modified the existing project subject to the condition that the State of Illinois transfer to the United States without cost all rights and titles in the two State-owned dams on the Illinois River, and that lo- cal interests furnish the United States without cost all necessary areas for the disposal of materials dredged in creating and maintaining the channel authorized (S. Doc. 130, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). By deed dated March 28, 1928, the State of Illinois transferred these locks and dams to the United States. Permission has been granted by many riparian landowners for use of their lands for the disposal of dredged material. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, modified the existing project subject to the following provisions: That the project thus adopted shall be in all its parts a navigable waterway of the United States, forever free to the public use of all, unencumbered by any tolls or restrictions of any kind whatsoever except such as may be imposed by Congress; that the State of Illinois shall proceed, sub- ject to the supervision and approval of all expenditures and obli- gations by the Secretary of the Army, to construct the highway bridges at Brandon Road and Marseilles Canal, to make the necessary altera- tions in other highway bridges across the Illinois Waterway, to make the necessary arrangements and agreements for the alterations of the railroad bridges across said waterway, and to do such other work on said waterway as the Secretary of the Army shall direct and the available funds of the State make possible, the bridges mentioned not to become the property of the United States, and no obligations to be incurred by the United States to maintain, operate, or replace them; and that no claim shall lie against the United States because of any contractual obligations which have been or may be entered into by the State of Illinois as regards the construction of a waterway be- tween Utica and Lake Michigan (S. Doc. 126, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The State of Illinois appropriated $20,000,000 for the construction of a waterway providing minimum 8-foot depths in channels not less than 150 feet wide, from the upper end of the Federal project on the Illinois River, to Lockport. The lock and dam at Starved Rock was about 95 percent complete, the Marseilles lock was about 95 per- cent, the Marseilles Canal 98 percent, Dresden Island lock and dam about 20 percent, Brandon Road lock and dam about 70 percent, and the Lockport lock about 95 percent complete, before the passage of the River and Harbor Act of July 3,1930. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, as modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, provides that local interests furnish to the United States, free of cost, all necessary land to effect the improvements recommended in House Document 180, 73d Con- gress, 2d session, and install operating machinery and place in operat- ing condition the three drawbridges across the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal between its junction with the Calumet-Sag Channel and Lockport when directed by the Secretary of the Army. All require- ments have been met except for the installation of operating ma- chinery in the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway bridge at Lemont, Ill. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, superseded the pro- RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1143 visions of River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, and provided that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements and rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, including the alteration of utilities as necessary, with the exception of such land needed for the waterway as is now occupied by abut- ments or railroad tracks at the approaches to railroad bridges; and agree to remove at their own expense, or satisfactorily alter, the highway bridges across Des Plaines River at McDonough and Cass Streets (Joliet) across the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal at 16th Street (Lockport), Romeo Road, and Lemont Road, and all highway and street bridges across the channels included in the project lake- ward of Sag Junction which, in the opinion of the Secretary of the Army, constitute unreasonable obstructions to navigation; construct all necessary new highway, street, or foot bridges across these chan- nels; agree to provide near Clark Street, Gary, Ind., an adequate public barge-rail-truck terminal open to all on equal terms; and that the several sections of the proposed channel may be improved as sepa- rate units when considered advisable by the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers after local interests have provided, or furnished assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide the cooperation required for any unit. The city of Chicago has supplied informal assurances that it will furnish the lands required between 130th and 138th Streets for the Calumet River lock site and appurtenances. Local cooperation required for the small boat harbor at Peoria, Ill., authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, has been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Of the 13 principal cities and towns along the Illinois River, about 5 own dock frontage, more or less improved for boat landings; 4 own dock frontage with no improvements; and 4 own no frontage except at street ends. At Peoria, the largest city on the river, there is a $400,000 modern river-rail municipal public terminal having an available frontage of 1,100 feet; 205 feet are occupied by a dock house and 190 feet by an open dock. The dock house is served by a wharf boat 45 feet by 230 feet, and an escalator capable of handling 1,000 tons a day. This terminal is served by the equivalent of a beltline railroad. Grain elevators are available at 26 points between Grafton and Joliet. Pri- vate coal loading terminals are located at Havana, Liverpool, Copperas Creek, and Kingston Lake. Coal-unloading terminals are located at Havana, at the mouth of the Vermilion River near La Salle, and at Joliet; and a cement loading plant is located at the mouth of the Vir- milion River near La Salle, and one at Peru. Bulk-petroleum termi- nals are located at Havana, Kingston Mines, Peoria, Peru, Seneca, and: Joliet. Sand and gravel plants are located at Kingston Lake, Chilli- cothe, Henry, Ottawa, Morris, Joliet, and Lockport. A barge construction yard, launching ways, and shipyard are located at Seneca. From the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, sand, gravel, oil, and gasoline are shipped from Lockport, and petroleum products and stone from Lemont. Bulk-petroleum terminals are located at Argo 1144 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and Forest View, Ill., and at California Avenue, Cicero Avenue, and Kedzie Avenue, Chicago; and a liquid industrial-chemicals terminal is located at Cicero Avenue in Stickney, Ill. Private coal-unloading terminals are located at Ridgeland Avenue, Crawford Avenue, Loomis Street, Fisk Street, and Addison Street, Chicago. At Western Avenue, Chicago, bulk and package freight are handled through the North Pier River barge terminal. The State of Illinois barge terminal, including a 1,500,000-bushel grain elevator, is located at Damen Ave- nue, Chicago, on the South Branch of the Chicago River. Two sand and gravel distribution yards are located on the Calumet-Sag Channel. A petroleum unloading terminal is located on the Little Calumet River at Riverdale, just upstream from the junction with the Sag Channel; and two petroleum terminals are located at Homan Avenue in Blue Island. Plans for further terminals and docks between Grafton and Chicago are underway. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Main stem modifications. Contracts for construction of spare miter gate sections, anchorages, and structural steel sectional bulkhead were continued at a cost of $110,100. Anchorages for gate lifting devices were in- stalled by hired labor at a cost of $330. Miscellaneous hired labor work was accomplished at a cost of $31,773. Calumet-Sag modification. Design memorandum, plans, and spec- ifications for dredging in part I, plans and specifications for the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio bridge, and plans and specifications for the Calumet River lock were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $99,051. Maintenance: Alton Pool. Condition surveys, inspections, and re- ports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $14,633 with pending adjustment of -$3,733. All pools above Alton Pool. Condition and operation studies were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $215,009. Dredging was com- pleted by contract in Peoria pool between mile 174.1 and mile 178.4 at a cost of $109,503 with 309,532 cubic yards of material being re- moved. U. S. derrick boats Nos. 1 and 3 removed 58,000 cubic yards of material in intermittent dredging operations in channels and at forebays of locks at a cost of $56,625. Operation and care of locks and dams: The locks and dams were operated as required and the necessary repairs made thereto and to appurtenant structures at a cost of $1,361,116. The total cost for the fiscal year was $1,994,407 of which $241,254 was for new work, and $1,753,153 for operation and maintenance of locks, dams, and canals. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, exclusive of the Calumet-Sag modification, is 93 percent complete. The project as a whole, including the Calumet-Sag modification, is 21 percent complete. Seven locks and six dams have been completed, and there is a channel 300 feet wide and 9 feet deep between Grafton and Lock- port, Ill., with the exception of Marseilles Canal which is 200 feet wide. The three passing places in the Calumet-Sag Channel, and dredging to widen the channel in the Calumet and Little Calumet Rivers are complete. A small boat harbor has been provided at Peoria, Ill. A navigable channel now exists connecting the Mississippi River at RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1145 Grafton, Ill., with Lake Michigan, via the Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers, the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, and the Chicago River, with a secondary outlet to Lake Michigan via the Calumet-Sag Channel and the Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers. The controlling depth of the river as it prevails is 9 feet during extreme low water. The limiting bridge clearance in the reach from Grafton to Utica, Ill., is 114 feet. The limiting horizontal clearance which occurs at bridges between Utica and Lockport, Ill., is 110 feet. The limiting horizontal clearance which occurs between Lockport and Lake Michi- gan via the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and the Chicago River is 80 feet at the emergency (Butterfly) dam, mile 293.1. The limiting horizontal clearance which occurs at bridges between Lockport and turning basin 5 in the Calumet River, via the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, the Calumet-Sag Channel, Little Calumet, and the Calu- met River is 49.3 feet. The following work remains to be done. Preliminary surveys, planning and design, completion of storage facilities for the emergency lock and dam equipment, dredging to provide a channel 9 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with adequate widen- ing at critical points and bends from Grafton, Ill., to Lockport Lock; and improvement of the Calumet-Sag Channel as follows: (1) replace- ment of the emergency (Butterfly) dam in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal; (2) enlargement of that canal to Sag Junction, and of the Calumet-Sag Channel, to afford channels 225 feet wide with usable depth of 9 feet; (3) construction along the general route of the Grand Calumet River of a channel with usable depth of 9 feet, 225 feet wide between Little Calumet River and the junction with the Indiana Harbor Canal, and 160 feet wide thence to Clark Street, Gary, Ind., with a turning basin at Clark Street; (4) enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a width of 225 feet and usable depth of 9 feet between Grand Calumet River and the vicinity of 141st Street, inclusive; (5) removal of Blue Island Lock and construction of a lock and control works in Calumet River near its head and of similar structures in the proposed Grand Calumet Channel west of the Indiana Harbor Canal; (6) alteration or elimination of railroad bridges across these channels lakeward of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, or the construction of new railroad bridges to provide suitable clearances, with apportionment of the costs between the bridge owners and the United States in accordance with the principles set forth in agreement dated Febru'ary 23, 1945. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, with regular funds was $47,204,828, of which $23,452,716 was for new work, $8,620,538 for maintenance, and $15,131,574 for operating and care of locks and dams. The above includes the sum of $1,735,890 expended between 1927 and 1936 on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the pro- visions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. With Public Works funds, the cost was $3,960,735 for new work. With Emergency Relief funds, the cost was $1,858,936 for new work. The grand total cost, all funds were $53,024,499 of which $29,272,387 was for new work, $8,620,538 for maintenance, and $15,131,574 for operating and care. The above includes the sum of $1,735,890 ex- pended between 1927 and 1936 on the operation and care of the works 1146 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated .....---------. $700, 000 $203, 860 $130, 250 $182, 683 $40, 251 $31, 864, 210 Cost......----------------- 403, 794 208, 806 535, 236 586, 854 241, 254 31, 841, 488 Maintenance: Appropriated .--------..... 1,825, 800 1, 660, 000 1, 830, 623 1, 896, 898 1,681, 300 24, 897, 814 Cost .---------------............... 1,757, 929 1,490, 403 1, 858,936 2, 070, 170 1, 753, 152 24, 780, 580 1 Includes $2,569,102 for new work and $1,028,468 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ..- $3, 109 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- 4, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------------------------------------- 4, 003, 109 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____----------- 126, 307, 900 22. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report, amount Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Big Suamico River, Wis.'- 1951 $20, 243 $19, 450 (3) 2. Cedar River Harbor, Mich.1 2_____- 1896 28, 464- - $409, 500 3. Gladstone Harbor, Mich.) 2- 1912 7, 281 252 (3) 4. Harbors at Washington Island, Wis. ..------- 1950 62, 838 1, 143 6 71,000 5. Lake Calumet, Ill ______________------_ __ -- 5------ 1952 405, 011 11, 840 - ------- 6. New Buffalo Harbor, Mich.4 - 1885 83, 000 ---------- 7. Pensaukee Harbor, Wis.1 2 1951 34, 035 22, 460 (3) 8. South Milwaukee Harbor, Wis. 4_ __ _ 1906 5, 000 6 578, 000 1 Channels adequate for commerce. 2 Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doec. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 3 Completed. 4 No commerce reported. 5 Abandonment recommended in 1898. * Revised in 1954. 23. FARM GREEK, ILL. Location. The Farm Creek watershed in Tazewell County, Ill., is 60 square miles in extent. The stream empties into the Illinois Waterway at mile 162 above the mouth. Existing project. The project involves the construction of two compacted-earth flood-detention dams, the Fondulac Dam on Fon- dulac Creek, Tazewell County, Ill., approximately 1.5 miles easterly of East Peoria, Ill., and Farmdale Dam on Farm Creek, Tazewell County, Ill., approximately 2.5 miles easterly of East Peoria, Ill., and improvements to Farm Creek, Cole Creek, and Kerfoot Creek channels in East Peoria, Ill. The Fondulac Dam has a maximum height of 67 feet above the river bed and a reservoir capacity of 3,780 acre-feet. The Farmdale Dam has a maximum height of 80 feet above the river bed and a reservoir capacity of 15,500 acre-feet. FLOOD CONTROL-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1147 Linear feet of channel improvements are: Farm Creek, 12,000 feet; Cole Creek, 1,875 feet; Kerfoot Creek, 900 feet. The project when completed will provide complete protection to the residential, business, and highly developed industrial areas of East Peoria, Ill., against design flows in Farm, Cole, Kerfoot, and Dempsey Creeks having ex- pected frequency of occurrence of once in about 100 years. The cur- rent estimated construction cost (1954) is $9,838,000, including lands and damages with $22,500 annually for maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 802, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests have given assurances that they will provide adequate maintenance of channels existing or to be constructed, prescribe and enforce such regulations as may be neces- sary to prevent encroachments, and provide the rights-of-way and perform the highway bridge alterations required for the proposed channel improvements. Final assurances of local cooperation were accepted by the Chief of Engineers on February 17, 1950. Operations and results during fiscal year. New Work: Agreement with the Toledo, Peoria and West Railroad, and construction of Farm Creek Channel improvements were continued; both by contract, and miscellaneous work was accomplished by hired labor. The total cost of new work was $123,064. Maintenance: Maintenance of remedial works at Fondulac and Farmdale Dams was continued by hired labor at a cost of $22,446. Total cost for the fiscal year was $22,446. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 99 percent complete. Construction was initiated in August 1947 with the estimated date of completion in September 1955. Preliminary studies, designs, and plans and specifications, by hired labor, are complete. Fondulac Dam and Farmdale Dam are both 100 percent complete. Construction of Farm Creek Channel improvements is complete. The work remain- ing to be done consists of completion of the agreement with the Toledo, Peoria and West Railroad, and making a completion report. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $10,035,642 of which $9,962,836 were for new work and $72,806 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, inelud- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated --------- .. $900, 000 $1, 500, 000 $771, 500 -$275, 147 -$85, 000 $9, 866, 553 Cost1--------------- , 314, 610 672, 606 1, 191, 061 1, 028, 733 -38, 749 9, 801, 023 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... 10, 000 11,000 10, 000 19, 400 22, 040 72, 440 Cost_________________ 8, 440 11,619 10, 941 19. 360 22, 446 72, 806 :Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------ $6, 044 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------------6, 044 1148 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------------------------- ------------ -- $161, 813 $161, 813 Cost__ - - - --------- 161,813 161,813 24. MOUTH OF SANGAMON RIVER, ILL. Location. The mouth of the Sangamon River is 98 miles above the mouth and on the east bank of the Illinois River, 9.4 miles above the Beardstown Highway Bridge. This project extends for several miles upstream from the mouth of the river. This portion of the Sangamon River forms the boundary line between Mason County on the northwest and Cass County on the southwest. Existing project. This project provides for the excavation of a new outlet channel for the Sangamon River approximately 6.7 miles long and 200 feet wide extending from Hager Slough on the Illinois River to mile 6.7 above the mouth of the Sangamon River, and a diver- sion channel and remedial works necessary for the maintenance of a highwater table in adjacent wild game reserves. The cost of the completed project is $768,273, including $7,183 contributed funds; lands and damages, $23,000; total, $791,273. Annual cost of mainte- nance, estimated in 1949, is $15,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and described in House Document 186, 72d Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Local interests, however, provided all rights- of-way for the project in order that additional channel work could be accomplished, and contributed $7,183 for the purpose. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The UT.S. pipeline dredge Depoe Bay removed 126,948 cubic yards of material at a cost of $52,384. The total maintenance costs for the fiscal year were $52,384. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction is completed. The total costs to June 30, 1955, including $7,183 contributed funds, were $864,644 of which $768,273 was for new work and $96,371 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--- -- --... --- -- -.... -- --- 12 $761, 090 Cost ---- $818 -$1, 556 $15, 504 _ -. ....- 1 761, 090 Maintenance: Appropriated - - - 5, 000 6, 000 5, 900 $21, 700 $51, 000 95, 400 Cost .... ...... 4, 718 9,154 8, 709 21, 287 52, 384 96, 371 In addition $7,183 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Does not include $7,939, contributed funds received from local interests to guarantee completion of pend- ing litigation of real estate matters. FLOOD CONTROL-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1149 25. BEARDSTOWN, ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. Location. Beardstown is located in Cass County, Ill., on the south bank of the Illinois River at river mile 89, about 70 miles below Peoria, Ill. Existing project. The project provides for construction of a new section of floodwall to replace that lost or damaged, and for raising, strengthening, and extending the remaining portion of the floodwall and adjacent levees, and the modification of existing levees in the adjacent Lost Creek, South of Beardstown, and Valley drainage and levee districts. The project when completed will afford flood protec- tion to the city of Beardstown and adjacent land against the maximum flood of record, having an expectancy of once in 80 years. The pro- ject was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (see H. Doc. 332, 81st Cong.). The estimated cost, revised in 1955, is $4,280,000 Federal costs; lands and damages, $50,000 non-Federal costs; total $4,330,000. Local cooperation. Local interests have indicated that require- ments will be met. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys, explorations, tests, designs, and preparation of plans and specifications were con- ducted by hired labor. Construction of the floodwall was initiated in December 1954 by continuing contract which is 39 percent complete. The total cost for the fiscal year was $349,331, of which $61,184 was for advance planning and miscellaneous hired labor work, and $288,- 148 was for contract work on the floodwall. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 10 percent complete. Preliminary planning was continued. Construction of the floodwall was started and is 39 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of; completion of the floodwall in the city of Beards- town, and the reconstruction of the following levees, (1) levees adja- cent to Beardstown, (2) Lost Creek levees, and (3) the South Beards- town and Valley district levees. Total costs to June 30, 1955, was $402,213, of which $114,065 was for planning and $288,148 was for construction by contract. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .-. . _... . _ $30, 000 $30, 000 $400, 000 000 $460, Cost_.. -- . 21,518 31,364 349,331 402,213 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .- - --------- $48, 905 800, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---_ 848, 905 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__________-----------_ 3, 020, 000 1150 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 26. PEKIN-LA MARSH DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. Location. On the right or west bank of the Illinois River, 149.6 to 155.2 miles above its mouth, and across the river from Pekin, Ill., which is 153 miles above the mouth. Existing project. This project involves the raising and enlarg- ing of approximately 5.6 miles of riverfront levee and 0.7 mile of flank levee along La Marsh Creek, and the construction of a new flank levee along that creek. Additional flood protection will be provided for 3,010 acres of land and 1.6 miles of concrete highway. Raising and strengthening the levee at three locations are estimated to cost $30,000, and will increase the total estimated construction cost to $172,800, plus lands and damages, $7,000. The existing project is one of 15 projects authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, providing for levee setbacks, improvements to floodway, and improvement of existing levees along the Illinois River and is described in House Document 182, 72d Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of work authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, about 6.9 miles of earth levee was completed in 1940. The work of raising and strengthening the levee is complete except for a bituminous impregnation of the ballast under the Chicago & North Western Railway tracks, which will be accomplished during the fiscal year 1956. The total costs to June 30, 1955, were $168,383. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------... ----------- $30, 000 ------------ ----------------------- $172, 788 Cost------------------------------ 85 $1,125 $24, 385 168,383 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------ -- $4, 405 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 4, 405 FLOOD CONTROL--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1151 27. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, CHICAGO DISTRICT Location. The Mississippi River Basin above the Ohio River, ex- clusive of the Missouri River Basin, in the Chicago district. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Upper Mississippi River Basin described in Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized $6,600,- 000 for reservoirs and $2,700,000 for local flood protection works on the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers; the reservoirs and local protection projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The act specifically provides that the authorization shall include the enlargement and extension of a system of levees located on the south side of the Sangamon River east of Chandlerville, Ill., as set forth in House Document 604, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropri- ated the additional sum of $10,000,000 for prosecution of the compre- hensive plan approved in Act of June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized an additional appropriation of $10 million and the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, au- thorized an additional appropriation of $15,000,000 for prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The following individual projects located in the Chicago district were considered in the comprehensive plan: Estimated cost of reservoir Name__-------------------------------- Chandlerville No. 2 reservoir.1 Tributary basin __-- ---------- Illinois. State----------------------------------Do. Total estimated cost 2- $45,300,000. Estimated or actual construction cost of levees Illinois River: South Beardstown and Valley levee and drainage districts, Illinois River, Ill _____ 3 220, 729. 43 Crane Creek levee and drainage district, Illinois River, Ill_ 3 68, 897. 65 Coal Creek drainage and levee district, Illinois River, Ill.... a 1, 923, 145. 00 Big Lake levee and drainage district, Illinois River, Ill- .. -144, 909. 89 1Recommended for abandonment in pending comprehensive flood control report for Illinois River and tributaries. 2 Revised in 1954. 8 Completed. See table "Other authorized flood control projects" on p. 1152 for reference to previous report. 363037-55-vol. 2- 73 1152 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1055 28. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operations amount Report Operations required to feport Construction and main- complete tenance ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. 1. Banner special drainage and levee district.... 1943 $274, 822 2. Big Lake drainage and levee district ......... 1943 144, 910 .............. 3. Big Prairie drainage and levee district 2 () 4 $177,000 4. Coal Creek drainage and levee district ....... 1954 1,912, 417 ....... 1) 5. Crane Creek drainage and levee district ...... 1941 68, 898 .............------------- 6. East Liverpool drainage and levee district.... 1941 207, 826 .... 2........ 1) 7. East Peoria drainage and levee district-....... 1946 279, 963 ....... ) 8. Hennepin drainage and levee district-......... 1940 109, 593 .............. 9. Kelly Lake drainage and levee district ....... 1947 13,153 .............. 10. Lacey, Langellier, West Matanzas and Kerton (1) Valley drainage and levee districts ........-- 1954 1, 234, 024 .............. 11. Liverpool drainage and levee district.....-. 1943 117, 731 .............. 12. Lost Creek drainage and levee district ______...... 1938 13. Rocky Ford drainage and levee district....... 1941 108, 797 ......... 14. Seahorn drainage and levee district..........__ 1945 32, 281 ... ........- 15. South Beardstown and Valley drainage and levee districts_---------------------------- 1943 220, 729 (1) 16. South Beardstown drainage and levee district. 1942 171, 839------- 17. Spring Lake drainage and levee district ...... 1941 185, 980 , ............. 35 4 1, 05640, 18. Thompson Lake drainage and levee district.. 1952 9, 465 KANKAKEE RIVER, ILL. AND IND. 19. Levee between Shelby Bridge and Baum's Bridge in Indiana......................... 1938 4 1, 130, 000 SANGAMON RIVER, ILL. 20. Bell drainage district_........................ 1946 1,112------------ 4 168, 888 21. Clear Lake levee_............................ 1940 22. Farmers levee and drainage district........... 1942 155,562 -----------..............- 23. Levees east of Chandlerville___............... 1946 5, 606 ............. S,164, 394 24. Mason and Menard drainage district.......... 1940 93,808...........-- 25. Near Springfield on Sangamon River, Ill..... 1941 97, 743----------- 26. Oakford special drainage district._............ 1940 38, 417 .............. 27. Panther Creek levee___ _ 1938 4 51, 000 '229, 000 28. Sangamon River and Salt Creek, Ill_......... 1938 29. Sangamon River, from mouth of Salt Creek 4 510, 000 to Roby, Ill._-- -- -- ---- -- --- 1938 1, 425............ 30. Tar Creek levee_______________ 1946 ' 280, 575 SALT CREEK, ILL. 5113, 179 31. Donovan levee------------------------------ 1945 1,821 4 72, 420 32. East of Hubly Bridge_..__________ 1945 572 33. Lussenhop levee ... _ 1945 116 4 43, 884 34. Salk Creek in vicinity of Middletown, Ill.... 1940 48 4 218, 952 35. Swiger, Whitney, Young-Hoblit levee-........ 1945 399 5 41, 601 36. Watts levee .......-------------------------- 1945 1, 031 5 138, 969 LITTLE CALUMET RIVER, ILL. AND IND. 37. Little Calumet River, Ill. and Ind. (channel enlargement).......... (8) 7592, 000 1 Completed. 2 Never activated. 2 Reported previously by St. Louis district as completed under provisions of sec. 6 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928. 4 Revised in 1954. Project is considered to be inactive. 8 Deferred for restudy. Estimate revised in 1954. 6 Authorized by Flood Control Act of 1954. 7 Revised in 1955. 29. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Purpose of inspections. Annual inspections are made with local interests, of all projects improved or extensively repaired at Federal expense in order to determine compliance of local interests with as- surances given to the United States regarding maintenance of the FLOOD CONTROL-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1153 projects, to determine physical condition of the levees and appur- tenances and to receive necessary information for use in flood emer- gencies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Inspection of 28 levees was made in the Chicago district involving approximately 177 miles of embankment. The cost of work during the year amounted to $7,455. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- $6, 000 $4, 900 $7,000 $6, 300 $7,000 $31, 200 Cost----------------- 4, 835 6, 004 7, 029 5, 982 7,455 31, 305 30. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and celaring of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood ControlAct). Channel straightening, removal of snags, brush, and other debris were performed by hired labor at Spoon River, between Havanna and Elrod Bridge, Ill., at a cost of $51,518. Cost and financial aummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... $38, 200 $20, 000 $7, 030 -$94 $50, 000 $243, 336 Cost---- 47, 009 49,101 29, 216 8,906 51, 518 244, 854 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- -------------------------------- --- $1, 518 Flood control emergencies--repair and flood fighting and rescue 'work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood ControlAct and supplemental author- izations). Repairs to Crane Creek levee and drainage district were performed by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $15,089. Also flood fighting and rescue work were performed at Knox, Ind., at a cost of $5,700. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated..--...--.... $58, 300 $182, 014 -$983 -$304 $45, 700 $387, 727 Cost ................. 43, 685 164, 234 46, 743 -5 20, 789 362, 816 1154 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (see. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Engineering and design and preliminary hired labor work on the Oconto River, Wis., project were accomplished. A dredging contract was awarded May 25, 1955, with work rescheduled to start July 13, 1955. The total costs, all new work, were $15,664. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-----....................----------............------------------------ $4, 000 $135, 000 $139, 000 Cost ------------ . . ----------------------------------- 3, 892 15, 664 19, 556 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ $1, 034 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------_---------------------------------1, 034 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 919 of the 1950 Flood ControlAct). Field surveys were completed for proposed work for flood protection on Radio City Creek, Ill. Work on engineering analyses and economic studies will be continued in fiscal year 1956 with submittal of report by January 31, 1956. The total costs, all new work for fiscal year 1955, were $1,264. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: -----------------...........-------------------------------- Appropriated......... $6,000 $6, 000 Cost-------- ------------------------ ...........------------------------ 1, 264 1,264 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $4, 736 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------- ---- --------------- 4,736 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------------------------- (1) IProject not yet authorized. SHORE PROTECTION--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1155 31. OTHER AUTHORIZED SHORE PROTECTION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operations required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Chicago, Cook County, Ill------------------- (1) -...-- ...- .--. 2 $1, 000,000 2. Evanston, Cook County, Ill------------------ (1) ---------- 343, 000 3. Kenilworth, Cook County, Ill--...__.._____.. (1)- -- - - 10,000 4. Lake Bluff, Lake County, Ill....-----------------1) ----------- 2 17, 000 5. Lake Forest, Lake County, Ill----------------.. 1) ----------- 14,000 6. Winnetka, Cook County, Ill------------------(1)7,000----------2- .- 2 7, 000 1 Authorized by River and Harbor Act of Sept. 3, 1954. 2 Revised in 1955, Federal costs. 32. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs and expenditures for the work during the fiscal year were $3,244 for navigation studies, $38,035 for flood control studies and $72 for beach erosion studies by the Chicago district. The sum of $12,114 was expended by the Office of the Division Engineer, North Central Division, in connection with the survey report on Greak Lakes water levels. Total expenditures were $53,465. There were no accounts receivable at the end of the fiscal year. The unexpended balances at the end of the fiscal year amounting to $3,125 for navigation studies and $1,948 for special report on the Great Lakes Water Levels, a total of $5,073 will be applied to continuing work on Illinois Water- way, 12-foot channel report, and the survey report on Great Lakes water levels. The additional sums of $42,900 for navigation studies, $23,200 for flood control studies by the Chicago district and $30,000 for special study of Great Lakes water levels by the Office of the Division Engineer, North Central Division, a total of $96,100, can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1956. 33. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The cost of the work during the fiscal year was $2,840. The funds were used for: Storm studies $40, flood emergency studies $160, hydro- logic studies $910, flood investigations $100, by the Chicago district office; with $1,630 for the Galop Rapids model study, St. Lawrence River, by the Office of the Division Engineer, North Central Division. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year amounting to $5,430 will be applied to the continuation of the Galop Rapids model study by Office of the Division Engineer, North Central Division. The additional sum of $12,400 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1956 for hydrologic studies. ti Y IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT This district comprises the eastern half of the upper peninsular of Michigan, all of the lower or southern peninsular except a small area in the southwestern corner, northwestern Ohio, and a small portion of northern Indiana; embracing the Michigan waters of Lake Michigan and the United States waters of the eastern end of Lake Superior, Lakes Huron and St. Clair, and the western end of Lake Erie; with their tributary watersheds from Au Train Bay, exclusive, on Lake Superior and Peninsular Point and St. Joseph River in Lake Michigan, to Sandusky Bay on Lake Erie, exclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation--Continued Page Page 1. St. Marys River, Mich . 1158 26. Au Sable Harbor, and Har- 2. Channels in Straits of Mack- bor of Refuge at Au Sable inac, Mich 1165 River (Oscoda) Mich.. 1211 3. St. Clair River, Mich.__ 1166 27. Saginaw River, Mich_ 1212 4. Channels in Lake St. Clair, 28. Port Austin Harbor, Mich. 1215 Mich 1170 29. Port Sanilac Harbor, Mich-. 1216 5. Detroit River, Mich ---- 1171 30. Black River, Mich ........ 1217 6. Grand Marais Harbor of 31. Rouge River, Mich_ 1219 Refuge, Mich___ 1175 32. Monroe Harbor, Mich .... 1222 7. Manistique Harbor, Mich___ 1177 33. Toledo Harbor, Ohio.--_... 1224 8. St. Joseph Harbor, Mich .. 1179 34. Other authorized navigation 9. South Haven Harbor, Mich_ 1181 projects_ . .- - . 1227 10. Saugatuck Harbor and Kala- 35. River and harbor work under mazoo River, Mich ... 1183 special authorization. .. 1227 11. Holland Harbor, Mich _ 1185 12. Grand Haven Harbor and Flood control Grand River, Mich_ ... 1187 13. Muskegon Harbor, Mich .. 1190 36. Battle Creek, Kalamazoo 14. White Lake Harbor Mich _ 1192 River, Mich___ . 1228 15. Pentwater Harbor, Mich .. 1193 37. Sebewaing, Sebewaing River, 16. Ludington Harbor, Mich- - 1195 Mich 1230 17. Manistee Harbor, Mich ---- 1197 38. Red Run, Clinton River, 18. Portage Lake Harbor of Mich- -- 1231 Refuge, Manistee County, 39. Other authorized flood con- Mich_ 1199 trol projects_____ 1232 40. Inspection of completed flood 19. Frankfort Harbor, Mich --- 1200 control projects_ ____ 1232 20. Leland Harbor, Mich ...... 1202 41. Flood control work under 21. Traverse City Harbor, Mich. 1203 special authorization .... 1233 22. Charlevoix Harbor, Mich - 1204 General investigations 23. St. James Harbor, Beaver Island, Mich__ 1206 42. Examinations and surveys - - 1234 24. The Irand Route, Mich-.... 1207 43. Collection and study of basic 25. Cheboygan Harbor, Mich_.. 1209 data-_ . - _ -- - - - 1234 1157 1158 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1. ST. MARYS RIVER, MICH. Location. St. Marys River is about 63 miles long, and flows in a southeasterly direction between the State of Michigan and the Province of Ontario, Canada, from the eastern end of Lake Superior into the northern end of Lake Huron. (See United States Lake Survey Charts Nos. 61, 62, and 63.) At Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., about 14 miles downstream from Lake Superior, are located 4 parallel locks and a hydroelectric powerplant. Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of July 8, 1856, July 11, 1870, June 14, 1880, August 2, 1882, and August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1955, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1529, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for channels through St. Marys River, which, at low water datum, are suitable for vessels drawing 20 feet when upbound and 24 feet when downbound, with a least width of 500 feet in the upbound and 300 feet in the downbound routes, and for channels between Lake Superior and the falls having minimum widths of 1,000 feet and a depth of 27 feet below low water datum through Round Island Shoals and Middle Ground and 26 feet through Vidal Shoals. The specific improvements include dredging shoals between the mouth of the river and Lake Munuscong; excavating channels from Lake Munuscong to Lake Nicolet on either side of Neebish Island, a distance via West Neebish of 14 miles and via Middle Neebish 15 miles, the Middle Neebish, or upbound, route to have a least width of 500 feet, and the West Neebish, or downbound, route a least width of 300 feet; widening and deepening the west side of the channel in Lake Nicolet to a maximum width of 1,000 feet over a length of 5,500 feet, with a depth of 26.5 feet for anchorage and maneuver; dredging to widen and deepen the upper entrance channel into Lake Nicolet; dredging through shoals between the lower end of the canals and the upper entrance to Lake Nicolet, including extension of anchorage and maneuver area below the locks and the widening of angle at black gas buoy No. 33; constructing compensat- ing works at the falls; constructing remedial works at the inlet of the power canal of the Carbide Power Co.; deepening and widening the tailrace of the United States power plant and construction of the first step (14,000 kilowatt capacity) of a new hydroelectric power- plant of 45,000 kilowatt ultimate capacity; constructing and operat- ing 4 locks, 2 canals, and an emergency dam for each of the canals at the falls; including a new lock on site of Weitzel lock and replace- ment of Poe lock, removal of Bridge Island and structures therein to secure a depth of 27 feet at low water, deepening the approach chan- nels and reconstruction of approach piers; widening and deepening the channels through Vidal Shoals; widening the channel from Point Louise to Brush Point to bottom width of 1,000 feet and Brush Point Turn to bottom width of 1,200 feet; widening the channel across Point RIVERS AND HARBORS--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1159 Iroquois Shoals a maximum width of 1,500 to 5,300 feet as measured from the center line of Birch Point Range, with a depth of 27 feet for anchorage and maneuver. The following table shows the principal features of the locks and emergency dams. All structures are located at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. Lock Principal features Poe Davis Sabin MacArthur Miles above mouth.----------------- 47. -------. 47-.............47---------- 47. Clear width of chamber-____ .. feet_ 95_-----------.80_......-- - 80-------- 80. Length between miter sills.-....do.... 704_----------1,350_--------- 1.350..--------- 800. Lift 1_------------ do-.... 21.7---.------ 21.7.--------- 21.7--------- 21.7. Depth on upper breast wall l _do.... _ 31. 21.8---------........... 24.3-----------.......... 24.3-----------........... Depth on lower breast wall -... - do-.... 16.6---------.. . 23.1--------- 23.1---------.. 31. Foundation--....- - ------ _------Rock.-------- Rock.-------- Rock-..........Rock. Type of construction _ ----- _--- _ Masonry-..... Concrete- ..... Concrete...... Concrete. Estimated cost- -...-. .... -2 $4,738,865---.... ..-------- $6,200,000.... $3,275,000-.... $12,909,440. Actual cost__.-- ... ------------ .__- 5$2,837,337.... 8$2,200,000--.... 7$1,750,000-.... (8) Completed (open to commerce)-........ Aug. 3, 1896...---Oct. 21, 1914_._ Sept. 18, 1919__ July 11, 1943. Emergency dam for- Principal features South Canal North Canal Miles above mouth---------.......... 47............................... 47. Estimated cost------------.............. (10)__ _--------_ $300,000. Type.........--------------- Steel stop-logs recessed into lock Removable trusses, revolving wickets, masonry. and steel stop-logs. Cost, completed-----------............. (10)---- _ ------ $269,224.9 Years completed--------........... 1943 and 1945_..--.--...--------. 1922. 1At low water, 601.1 above and 579.4 below. 2 Includes cost of deepening and enlarging South Canal. 3 Includes cost of North Canal. 4 Includes canal excavations to provide necessary approaches to lock, canal walls, and piers, and emergency dam. 5Excludes cost of deepening and enlarging South Canal, $1,653,378. 6 Excludes cost of North Canal, $2,572,611. 7 Excludes cost of canal excavations to provide necessary approaches to lock, canal walls, and piers, and emergency dam, $662,919. 8 Construction about 97 percent complete. Actual costs to June 30, 1955, $12,718,806. o Including engineering office, and inspection. 10Not separable from cost of locks. Note.-The limiting draft to the locks is determined by the depth over the breast walls. The Poe lock was operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation from August 3, 1896, the Davis lock from October 21, 1914, and the Sabin lock from September 18, 1919, to the end of the fiscal year 1935. The original State locks were operated and maintained under the same appropriation from June 9, 1881, to November 2, 1886, after which they were destroyed by excavation for the present Poe lock. The Weitzel lock, destroyed in 1942 by excavation for the Mac- Arthur lock, was operated and maintained under the same appro- priation from September 1, 1881, to the end of the fiscal year 1935. 1160 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 In the following table are stated other characteristic features of the channel improvements belonging to the existing project. Dis-Used bup- Project da- Length tance Usedbyup- tuplanes improved channel Name of Namechannel of from mouth rbound odown- Project width Project turn plan depth above mean channelmouth essels tideat of river v s New York Feet Miles Feet Feet Feet Point Iroquois Shoals anchorage-.......... 16, 000 59 Both...... 1,500-5, 300 27 601. 5 Round Island middle ground_-.......---5-- -57 ._do.-.---.-------- 27 601. 5 Round Island Shoal 1 _.-..._..-.--, 5,000 57 __.do._..._ 1, 000 27 601. 5 Round Island Shoal 2-----------------9,800 54 do.. 1, 000 27 601.5 Brush Point to Point Louise.....------------. 9, 000 52 ._do..... _1, 000-1, 200 26 601 4 Vidal Shoals_-----......---...-.......-. _ 9, 100 48 -._do- .....1, 000-1, 500 26 601. 2 South Canal------------------ ---- 8, 235 47 -- do.... -----.................-------............ West approach to MacArthur lock_....------------------------ 1 108 27 601.1 d------------yi-e MacArthur lockBa C--h2-------------------- 80 31 579. 4 West approach to Poe lock- . ,------------ ----- __-........_ 1 108 24 601.1 Poe lock------ ------------------------------------------- 100 2 16.6 579. 4 East approach to MacArthur lock-----........................ ......... 362 27 579. 4 East approach to Poe lock-.........----.--------.-----....... 370 19. 5 579. 4 North Canal ------------------------ 8, 520 47 Both---......-- ------------------------- West approach --------------- 280 24 601. 1 Davis lockwert---------...- - , -------------------. 80 23.1 579. 4 Sabin lock- e-- ---- ------- -------------------- 80 823.1 579.4 Rock East approachse-6, ---....----.-.....- 14,064 27 d --. - 312 24. 5 579. 4 Course 1, Bayfeld Channel, anchorage 9,237 45 Both-...... ,300-1, 500 26 579. 3 and maneuver area. Courses 2 and 3, Little Rapids-______.__ 24,193 40 ..do... 600 25 579.2-578.9 Lake Nicolet ------........................ 22,000 36 ___do....... 1, 500 26 578. 8 Lake Nicolet anchorage I,---------------- 5, 500 38 __.dot of. 1,000 26. 5 578.8 Middle Neebish (upbound route): Course 5, lower end of Lake Nicolet__. 17, 900 33 Up wat- 500 21 578. 8 Course 6, dike--..................... 16,918 30 _.do ...... 500 21 578.7-578.6 Course 7, Munuscong Channelwhih 17, 586 27 ___do5.5f 500 21 578. 6 Course 9, Sailor Encampment Chan- 12,400 22 .. do_...... 500 21 578.5 nel. West Neebish (downbound route): Course 4, lower end of Lake Nicolet_._ 10, 762 34 Down la 300 25 578. 8 Course 5, lower end of Lake Nicolet___ 23, 370 29 don--t---h 300 25 578. 8 Course 6, Rock Cut181, h-as-bee 14,064 u 27 f..do an300 27 578. 7-578.6 Course 7--------------------- . 13,270 24 __do 300 25 578. 5 Course 8, Moon Islandcla-ink-e- s 12,600 21 _i do or 300 25 578.5 Lake Munuscong, Twin Island to Lime 26, 459 12 Botho . 1,000 26 578.5 Island. Crab Island Shoal.-------------------- 1,300 do..--------- -- .-------- 26 578.5 12 Channels past Bridge Island, each 108 feet wide; minimum width of connecting channel, 304 feet. 2 Refers to datum plane of 579.4; project depth at datum plane in effect at time of construction was 18 feet, S Refers to datum plane 579.4; project depth at datum in effect at time of construction was 24.5 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lakes Superior and Huron, which are 601.6 and 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Each year the St. Marys River rises and falls about 1 foot as meas- ured by the monthly mean levels. During the navigation season the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean levels above the locks, since 1871, has been about 4 feet, and below the locks, since 1903, about 4.3 feet. In addition to these changes in level, occasionally a considerable oscillation takes place within 2 or 3 hours, which is somewhat in the nature of a seiche; such changes amounting to over 5 feet have been known to occur within 3 hours. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $104,000,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,000,000, of which $1,580,000 is for operating and care of locks. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1161 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11,1870 Weitzel lock (replaced in 1943 by MacArthur lock), Report by Maj. O. M. Poe, Corps widening and deepening existing State Canal.1 of Engineers, not published. Aug. 5,1886 Poe Lock 1 _. _._ .. ... ... ... ... ... .. H. Ex. Doe. 72, 49th Cong., 2 sess. .. __.. July 13,1892 Dredging through shoals above the falls and the H. Ex. Dec. 207, 51st Cong., 2d shoals below the falls between the lower end of the sess., and Annual Report 1891, canal and the upper entrance channel into Lake p. 2810. Nicolet (Hay Lake). June 13,1902 Enlarging the old canal__.......... . Does. 128, 56th Cong 2d sess., aH. Mar. 2,1905 tand 215, 58th Cong., 3d sess. June 13,1902 Hay Lake and Neebish Channels work in that section H. Doe. 128, 56th Cong., 2d sess. of the river below the locks. Mar. 3,1907 Davis lock, second canal, and emergency dam........ H. Doec. 333, 59th Cong., 2d sess. (plan 3). Mar. 3,1909 Lease of waterpower at the falls. Lease entered into with Michigan Northern Power Co. Provided for the construction of remedial and compensating works. July 25,1912 Fourth lock (renamed "Sabin" lock in 1943)-.......... H. Doc. 64, 62d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 4, 1915 Deepening tailrace of the power plant................ Sept. 22,1922 Widening upper approach to the canals through District engineer report, Oct. 29, Vidal Shoals, extension of anchorage and maneuver 1920. area below the locks. Jan. 21,1927 Removal of Round Island, middle ground, extension H. Doc. 270, 69th Cong., 1st sess. of Northwest Canal pier, and widening channels middle Neebish route. July 3,1930 Deepening channels throughout the downbound H. Doe. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. route. June 26,19341 Operation and care of canal and locks provided for from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening Brush Point turn and the channel from River and Harbor Committee 2 Brush Point to Point Louise. Doc. 53, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 7 1942 Construction of new (MacArthur) lock on site of former H. Doc. 218, 77th Cong., 1st sess. (Pu 61i Weitzel lock deepening the approach channels to Law 490, 27 feet, and re construction of approach piers. sec. 17.)' This act named the "MacArthur" lock and changed June 15, the name of "Fourth" lock to "Sabin" lock. 1943 (Pub- lic Law 72, 78th Cong., 1st sess.) Mar. 2,1945 Removal of Bridge Island and construction of a new H. Doec. 679, 78th Cong 2d sess. (Public hydroelectric powerplant. and H. Doc. 339, 77th Cong., 1st Law 14, sess. 79th Cong., 1st sess.) July 24,1946 Replacement of Poe lock at St. Marys Falls Canal H. Doec. 335, 80th Cong., 1st sess. (Public with a new structure 800 feet long, 100 feet wide, Law 525, and 32 feet deep, with necessary reconstruction of 79th Cong., nose and center piers; and widening and deepening 2d sess.) the channel across Point Iroquois Shoals to a maxi- mum width of 1,500 to 5,300 feet, with a depth of 27 feet, and in Lake Nicolet to a maximum width of 1,000 feet, with a depth of 26.5 feet, when the governing lakes are at datum, to provide wider anchorage and maneuver areas in St. Marys River. 1 Completed under previous projects. 5 Contains latest published maps. 8 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 4 Dimensions of lock authorized were specified in the act as "about 800 feet long, 80 feet wide, and 30 feet deep." Recommended modification of project. On June 9, 1955, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project for the Great Lakes connecting channels, Michigan, to provide for deep- ening and further improving the channels in St. Marys River generally in accordance with the plans of the district engineer for further im- provement as shown in Table 19 of his report (published in S. Doc. 1162 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 No. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess.) and on the accompanying drawings, revised to include 1.0 foot of depth, in addition to that shown in the plan, in South Canal, Upper St. Marys River, and with such further modification thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable; at an estimated cost to the United States of $41,731,- 000 for new work and $35,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required. The plan for further improvement would provide a project safe draft of 25.5 feet over the full width of the downbound and two-way chaninels (including the authorized anchor- age areas) and over the westerly 300-foot width of the upbound Middle Neebish Channel, when the levels of Lakes Superior and Huron are at their respective low water datums. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for all features of the project except for the removal of Bridge Island. For that feature, the owners of the International Bridge are required to provide a lift span over the South Canal upon request made by the Secretary of the Army and in accordance with plans, specifications, and conditions approved by the Chief of Engineers, and the United States is to par- ticipate in the cost of the bridge change by payment to the owners of a percentage of the actual cost of the alteration, such percentage to be adjusted by the Chief of Engineers between 77.5 percent if a span for Cooper's E-50 loading is constructed and 84 percent if a span for E-35 loading is constructed. On the basis of 1954 price levels the amount of the United States participation is estimated to be $2,201,000. Terminal facilities. This improvement serves the through commerce between Lake Superior and the lower lakes, and it has not materially influenced the terminal facilities at the towns along its route which consist mainly of small docks for the accommodation of local traffic. Several coaling docks for through-traffic accommodations have been established at Sault Ste. Marie, Lime Island, and Detour. A dock has been established at Drummond Island for stone shipments. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: New work: Powerhouse: Costs in connection with installation of a 2,500 kv.-a electric generator known as unit 3A, were $5,840; an adjustment of costs for other completed work amounted to - $1,675, a total for powerhouse of $4,165. Navigation features: Costs for previously completed work covering a contractor's claim amounted to $1,363. Total new work costs during the fiscal year were $552. Maintenance: Operation and care: Locks: The canal and four locks were operated as required, and necessary repairs and improvements were made thereto and to the appurtenant structures and equipment. The canal was open to navigation 249 days, from July 1, 1954, to December 16, 1954, and from April 12, 1955, to June 30, 1955. During that period, a total of 13,757 vessels aggregating 90,579,722 tons of RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MIC., DISTRICT 1163 freight and 3,342 passengers, passed through the MacArthur, Poe, Davis and Sabin Locks in 11,289 lockages. Cost during the fiscal year was $983,641. Powerhouse and equipment: The new powerhouse and unit No. 10 were operated and maintained. Cost during the fiscal year was $95,762. Other operation and care items: Buildings and grounds were main- tained; security measures were carried out; condition and operation studies, inspections, reports and statistics were made or compiled as required. Cost during the fiscal year was $421,394. Total costs for operation and care during the fiscal year were $1,500,797. General maintenance: Locks: Installation of a new steam line to the MacArthur lock was completed by contract; a masonry block storage shed for lumber was constructed by contract; the installation of an electric duct line and cable on the northeast pier and the re- building and repairing of several manholes for underground electrical cables were accomplished by hired labor; steel pipe handrailing units were purchased and their installation by hired labor is in progress; repairs to the concrete masonry walls of the Sabin lock by guniting is in progress through use of hired labor; work by hired labor was com- menced on the modification of the Davis and Sabin lock gate engines and controls to provide for the operation of both gate leaves by a single operator instead of two operators, as formerly required; and other miscellaneous rehabilitation items were performed by hired labor. Cost during the fiscal year was $113,782. Channels and canals: Repairs were made by hired labor to the guide walls of the West Neebish Rock Cut; United States derrickboats, in- cluding the Tompkins, removed 14,427 cubic yards scow measure of material in St. Marys River and canal approaches; the construction by contract of a new mooring dock, Middle Neebish Channel, was completed. Cost during the fiscal year was $169,536. Cost of general maintenance during the fiscal year was $283,318. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $1,784,115. Total costs for all work this fiscal year were $1,789,643, all of which were regular funds. Condition at end of isclal year. The existing project is complete with the exception of the installation of steel guard gates at Mac- Arthur lock, removal of Bridge Island from South Canal, the replace- ment of the railroad bridge across South Canal with a new lift bridge, the replacement of Poe lock, widening the channel across Point Iroquois Shoals, and widening channel along west side of Lake Nicolet. No work has been performed on any of the uncompleted items referred to above. 1164 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Name of channel or locality Project Controlling Project Length of Year depth depth width channel completed Feet Feet Feet Feet Round Island Middle Ground------------ 27 26. 8-- ,00-,-------- - 1932 Round Island Shoal No. 1_--------------- -27 26.8 1,000 5,000 1932 Round Island Shoal No. 2----------------- 27 26. 8 1, 000 9, 800 1932 --------- Brush Point to Point Louise----.............. 26 26.0 1,000-1,200 9, 000 1937 Vidal Shoals (rock)_.............------- 26 25.8 1,000-1,500 9,100 1933 South Canal ----------------------------------------------- 8,235 West approach to MacArthur lock- 27 27. 0 1 108 ----------- 1949 West approach to Poe lock------------............. 24 23. 8 1 108 ............ 1911 MacArthur lock__. ----------------- 30 31.0 80 ............ (2) Poe lock--------- _ _-----------------s 18 16.6 '100 --------- 1896 East approach of MacArthur lock . . 27 27.0 362 ---------- 1949 East approach to Poe lock----------............ 19. 5 18.1 370 ............ 1915 North Canal.------.--------.---------- ------- ---- -8, 520 ..........------ West approach------------------------ 24 23. 5 280 ------------ 1914 Davis lock- ------ --- --- - s-24.5 23.1 80 ------------ 1914 Sabin lock--------------------- - 24. 5 23. 1 80 ------------ 1919 East approach__------------------- - 24.5 23.1 312-- ----------1919 Course 1, Bayfileld Channel, anchorage ..-.. and maneuver area----------- .26 ---- S 26. O0 1,300-1,890 9,237 1949 Courses 2 and 3, Little Rapids-------------............. 25 25. 0 600 24,193 1934 Lake Nicolet------........--...------------------- 26 24. 8 1, 500 22, 000 1933 Middle Neebish (upbound route): Course 5, Lower end of Lake Nicolet.. 21 21.0 500 17, 900 1929 Course 6, dike (rock)-__---------..... . 21 21.0 500 16, 918 1930 Course 7, Munuscong Channel......... 21 21. 0 500 17, 586 1930 Course 9, Sailors Encampment Chan- nel (rock)-------------------------- 21 21. 0 500 12, 400 1930 West Neebish (downbound route): Course 4, Lower end of Lake Nicolet_. 25 25. 0 300 10, 762 1932 Course 5, Lower end of Lake Nlcolet__ 25 25.0 300 23,370 1932 Course 6 (rock cut)...-------... --.-. 27 26. 2 300 14, 064 1933 Course 7----------------------------- 25 25.0 300 13,270 1932 Course 8, Moon Island----------------- 25 25.0 300 12,600 1932 Lake Munuscong, Twin Island to Lime Island-----..............-------------------- 26 25. 0 1, 000 26, 459 1934 Crab Island Shoal -------- 26 27. 0 ............ 1, 300 1933 1 2 channels past bridge island each 108 feet wide; minimum width of connecting channel, 304 feet. $ Opened to traffic July, 1943. Lock 97 percent complete. 3 Depths referred to datum plane in effect at time of construction. 4Width reduced to 95 feet by construction of a curtain wall along south side of lock in 1943. s Depth 26.0 feet, except that area northward of line from end of East Center Pier to intersection of north channel line and international boundary line is 24.7 feet. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work_------------------ ------------ ----------- $61,996, 840 Maintenance_---- ---- _--__--- -_---- ----_-_ 22, 404, 179 Total -------------------------------------------- 84, 401,019 Public Works funds: New work------------------------------------------- 158, 401 Total all funds----_--------- _---- -_---------- 84, 559, 420 In addition, the sum of $7,028,127 was expended between 1881 and June 30, 1936, on operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. RIVERS AND HARBORS---DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1165 Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-......... $159, 726 $987, 240 $117, 110 $12, 000 $1, 500 1$65, 071, 476 Cost..--------------- 3,183, 518 1, 276, 823 277, 201 155, 306 5, 528 1 65, 060, 048 Maintenance: Appropriated-----......... 1, 427, 000 1, 633, 000 1, 887, 850 1, 684, 500 1, 613,700 29, 409, 879 Cost---------------.... 1, 460, 030 1, 643,112 1, 777, 806 1, 699,145 1,784,115 29, 432, 8306 1 Includes $2,904,807 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $38 338, 000 -------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------- ----------------------------- 338, 038 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------ 41, 425, 300 2. CHANNELS IN THE STRAITS OF MACKINAC, MICHIGAN Location. This waterway connects Lakes Michigan and Huron at their upper ends and is about 7 miles northeasterly from Mackinaw City, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 6.) Eisting project. Channel between Mackinac Island and Round Island, Mich. The project provides for a channel between Mackinac Island and Round Island, Mich., 1,250 feet wide and 27 feet deep below low water datum, elevation 578.5 feet, and 3,250 feet long. The cost of new work for the completed project was $419,400. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost for maintenance $1,000. The existing project was authorized by the Public Works Admin- istration September 6, 1933, and by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (see River and Harbors Committee Doc. No. 2, 72d Cong., 1st sess., which document contains the latest published map). Poe Reef Shoal. The project provides for the removal of Poe Reef Shoal to a depth of 27 feet over an area of about 22,000 square yards. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The cost of new work for the completed project was $29,544. There is no approved estimate of cost for maintenance. The existing project was adopted in the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (see Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. No. 53, 74th Cong. 1st sess.) The only published map is in that document. Recommended modification of project. On June 9, 1955, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project for the Great Lakes connecting channels, Michigan, to provide for deepening 1166 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and further improving the channels in the Straits of Mackinac, Mich., generally in accordance with the plans of the District Engineer for further improvement as shown in table 19 of his report (published in H. Doc. No. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess.) and in the accompanying draw- ings, with such future modification thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, at an estimated total cost to the United States of $2,231,000 for new work and no increase in the annual cost of maintenance in addition to that now required. The plan for further improvement would provide a project depth of 30 feet in the channel between Mackinac Island and Round Island at an estimated cost of $2,074,000 for new work, and for the removal of Poe Reef Shoal to a depth of 30 feet at an estimated cost of $157,000 for new work; when the level of Lake Huron is at its low water datum. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Poe Reef Shoal: The existing proj- ect was completed in 1937 at a savings of $20,455 under the estimated cost. The controlling depth in the channel is 27 feet. Channel between Mackinac Island and Round Island: The existing project was completed in 1935 at a savings of $14,600 under the esti- mated cost. The.controlling depth is 27 feet. The costs have been as follows: Regular funds: New work---------------------------- ----------- ------ $29, 544 Maintenance--------------------------------------------- 7, 831 Total ---------------------------------------------- 37, 375 Public Works funds, new work---------------------------- 419, 399 Total, all funds-------------------------------------- 456, 775 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------- ----------------------------------------------------- ----- - $448,944 Cost-------------- ---------------- --------------------------------- ------- 448,944 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ----- -------------------------------- ----------- ------------ 7,831 Cost__----------------- ----- ------------------------------------------------ 7,831 3. ST. CLAIR RIVER, MICH. Location. This river is about 40 miles long and flows in a southerly direction from Lake Huron into Lake St. Clair. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 43.) Existing project. This provides for channels as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS---DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1167 Dis- Used byup- Project da- Length tance tur planes Name of improved channel of from or down- Project Project tmeplan channel mouth bound width depth abtide at of river vessels New York Feet Miles Feet Feet Feet Foot of Lake Huron_-- _--.-..-_ ...--- 25, 000 42. 0 Both...... 800 26 578. 5-578. 3 Port Huron Middle Ground ------------ ............8, 000 37. 5 Down...... 1,000-1, 400 25 577. 7-577. 3 Shoals, Port Huron to Marysville-......... 15, 000 34. 0 Both...... 1,000 25 577. 3-576. 9 Shoals, Marysville to Stag Island__....... 8, 000 32.0 __-do....... 1, 000 25 576. 8-576. 6 Stag Island-East Channel------------- 15, 000 31.0 Up ....... 800 20 576. 6-576. 3: Shoals, Stag Island to St. Clair.........----------. 28, 000 27. 0 Both-...... 1, 000 25 576. 5-575. 9 St. Clair Middle Ground.................. 4, 500 25.0 ..do....... 900 25 575. 8 Marine City Shoal___--- .. 5, 800 19. 0 _.do...._. 1, 000 25 575. 2-575. 1 Shoals, Michigan Salt Works to Roberts 18, 000 15. 0 .__do....... 1, 000 25 575. 0-574. 8 Landing. Head of Russell Island Shoal..----------........... 5, 500 12. 5 .. do....... 1,000 25 574. 6-574. 5 Grand Pointe and Squirrel Island Shoals__ 15, 000 7. 0 ...do....... 1, 000-700 25 574. 4-574. 2 Southeast Bend from Light 36 to St. Clair 28,000 2. 7 __do....... 800 26 575. 0-573. 6 Flats Canal. North Channel Outlet--.....-.-.---.-. 8, 000 -------- Small craft. 100 10 573. 5 The project also provides for compensating works, consisting of a number (estimated at 31) of submerged rock sills, with crests 31 feet below datum. The project depths are referred to local low water datums which correspond to low water datums for Lakes Huron and St. Clair, which are 578.5 and 573.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The water level of this river fluctuates with the levels of the lakes above and below it, which during the course of each year are subject to a con- sistent seasonal rise and fall, the lowest stages prevailing during the winter months and the highest during the summer months. At the head of St. Clair River, as measured by monthly mean levels, the water may rise and fall each year during the navigation season as much as 1.3 feet. Since 1900 the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the navigation season has been about 4.5 feet. Occasional fluctuations due to winds of high velocity may be as much as 3.5 feet in 6 hours. The River and Harbor Act, approved July 24, 1946, approved the modification of the project to provide for widening and deepening the Southeast Bend and improvement of the outlet of the North Channel, St. Clair River, in general accordance with the following descriptions: (a) That the two-way channeleat Southeast Bend, St. Clair River, from light 12 to St. Clair Flats Canal, be widened to a width of 700 to 800 feet, with a depth of 26 feet for 24-foot navigation; (b) that the North Channel outlet at the mouth of the St. Clair River be widened to provide a channel 100 feet wide and 10 feet deep from lower St. Clair River to Lake St. Clair, for small craft, apart fromn the regular steamboat channels. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $4,270,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of dredged channels is $64,900, including $1,500 for maintenance in the otttlet to North Channel. The project feature for construction of the compensating works consisting of submerged rock sills is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this feature 363037-55--vol. 2- 74 1168 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIVIY, 1955 was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $10,600,000, for con- struction. No expense of maintenance will probably be required for the submerged sills. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13, 1892 20-foot channel in the river---............................ ------------ H. Doec. 207, 51st Cong., 2d sess. July 3,1930 Deepening of channel to 25 and 26 feet, and com- H. Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. pensating works.' (Contains latest published map.) Mar. 2,1945 Widening channel at Southeast Bend to 700 feet....... H. Doc. 309, 77th Cong., 1st sess. July 24,1946 Widening and deepening the Southeast Bend and H. Doe. 335, 80th Cong., 1st sess. improvement of the outlet of the North Channel, St. Clair River. 1The compensating works portion of the project is considered to be inactive. Recommended modification of project. On June 9, 1955, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project for the Great Lakes connecting channels, Michigan, to provide for deepen- ing and further improving the channels in St. Clair River, Mich., generally in accordance with the plans of the district engineer for further improvement as shown in table 19 of his report (printed in H. Dec. No. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess.) and on the accompanying drawings, with such further modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable; at an estimated cost of $18,198,000 for new work and $25,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required. The plan for further improvement would provide a project safe draft of 25.5 feet over the full width of the existing downbound and 2-way channels, for 2-way traffic, when the levels of Lakes Huron and St. Clair are at their respective low water datums; except that a cutoff channel may be constructed in Canada at Southeast Bend, generally in accordance with the alter- native plan of the district engineer for that section and with such modification thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers is advisable, in lieu of further improvement along the existing alinement, if prior to the initiation of construction in this reach accomplishment of the cutoff is found to be feasible; at an estimated additional cost to the United States of $5,491,000 for new work and $10,000 annually for maintenance. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. This improvement serves the through com- merce between the upper and lower lakes, and it has not materially influenced the terminal facilities at the towns along its route which consist only of small docks for the accommodation of local traffic. At Port Huron, Mich., there are 6 privately owned docks for receiving coal, stone, petroleum products and wood pulp, and 1 public terminal for general cargo. At Marysville, Mich., there are 2 privately owned docks for receiving coal and shipping salt. At St. Clair, Mich.there is 1 privately owned dock for receiving coal, and at Marine City, Mich., there is 1 privately owned dock for receiving coal and stone. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Surveys were made over the channel at the foot of Lake Huron, Southeast Bend Channel, RIVERS AND HARBORS--DETROIT, MIICH., DISTRICT 1169 channel east of Stag Island and miscellaneous areas, including repairs and replacements to the control system, at a total cost of $27,026. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains during the period November 19, 1954, to December 17, 1954, removed 124,277 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material from the Southeast Bend Channel. The cost of this operation was $50,766. The total costs during the fiscal year were $77,792, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, exclusive of the compensating works, widening and deepening Southeast Bend, and improvement of the outlet of the North Channel, was completed in 1937. The following table gives the project depths, and controlling depths, widths, and lengths of the several channels covered by the project at the end of the fiscal year: Name of channel Project Controlling Minimum Length of depth depth width channel Feet Feet Feet Feet Foot of Lake Huron ............---------------------------------- 26 25. 5 800 25, 000 Port Huron Middle Ground---....------------------------ 25 25.0 1, 000 8, 000 Shoals, Port Huron to Marysville--...................... 25 25.0 1,000 15,000 Shoals, Marysville to Stag Island....................... 25 25.0 1,000 8,000 Stag Island East Channel_...--- --------------------. 20 21.0 450 15,000 Shoals, Stag Island to St. Clair--------------------------25 25.0 1, 000 28,000 St. Clair Middle Ground_--------..................- 25 25. 0 900 4,500 Marine City Shoal_---------------------------- 25 25.0 1,000 5,800 Shoals, Michigan Salt Works to Roberts Landing....... 25 25.0 1, 000 18,000 Head of Russell Island Shoal--------------------------- 25 25. 0 1, 000 5, 500 Grand Pointe and Squirrel Island Shoals............... 25 25. 0 700 15, 000 Southeast Bend from Harsens Island Rear Range Light to light 13_-........--- - -- --------------- 25 25.0 700 18,000 Shoals from light 13 to St. Clair Flats Canal------------ - 26 25. 0 700-800 10, 000 North Channel outlet_.-..----------------..-..-.--. . 10 100 8,000 Thd costs of existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work ------------------------------------ $1, 448, 269 Maintenance--- --.- _ _._.----------------.-.---.-.--1, 563, 047 Total- ----------------.. _.---.------------ --- 3, 011, 316 Public Works funds, new work_-.-..-.----.---.-----..--- 1, 671, 660 Emergency Relief Act funds_ -----------------------.- -- 49, 419 Total, all funds.----------------------. ---.. --. -- . 4, 732, 395 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------.........------------............ --------------------------------------- $3, 169,48 Cost - .--------- ------------------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- , 169,348 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... $91, 295 $19,800 $49, 443 $44,000 $76, 411 1,563, 730 Cost-----------------90,148 23,485 49, 443 41,935 77, 792 1,563, 047 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_----------------1 $1, 100, 700 1Does not include $10,600,000 for the inactive portion of the project. 1170 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEEH8, t. 9. ARMY, 195 4. CHANNELS IN LAKE ST. CLAIR, MICH. Location.-Lake St. Clair is the smallest of the Great Lakes. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 42.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 30, 1852, March 2, 1867, and March 3, 1878. For further details, see page 2882, Annual Report for 1896; pages 1957-1958, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1539, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 700 feet wide and 25 feet deep from the mouth of the south channel of the St. Clair River to the open channel in Lake St. Clair, thence increasing to 800 feet width for the same depth in a length of about 2 miles and main- taining such channel dimensions across Lake St. Clair to the head of Detroit River; and for the construction of a stone riprapped earth dike, 7,221 feet long, on the east side of the mouth of the south channel of St. Clair River. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake St. Clair, which is 573.5 feet above mean tide at New York. As measured by monthly mean levels, the water may rise and fall during the navigation season each year as much as 1.4 feet. Since 1860 the difference be- tween the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the naviga- tion season has been about 4.5 feet. Occasionally fluctuations due to winds of high velocity may be as much as 1 foot in 6 hours. The cost of new work for the completed project was $3,536,722, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5,1886 2 dikes.......................------------------------------------- Annual Report, 1885, p. 2159. July 13,1892 Deepening the canal and dredging the channel at H. Doc. 207, 51st Cong., 2d sess. Grosse Pointe. June 13,1902 Second canal for downbound vessels----.....--------- H. Doc. 234, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2,1919 21-foot depth in Grosse Pointe Channel for length of H. Doc. 188, 65th Cong., 1st sess. about 54 miles. July 3,1930 25-foot depth through the canals and the channel H. Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess.L through Lake St. Clair. Aug. 30,19352 Removal of center dike and widening the channel to Rivers and Harbors Committee 700 feet. Doc. 3, 72d Cong., 1st sess. 1Contains latest published map. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Recomimended modification of project. One June 9, 1955, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project for the Great Lakes connecting channels, Michigan, to provide for deepen- ing and further improving the channels in Lake St. Clair generally in accordance with the plans of the district engineer for further im- provement as shown in table 19 of his report (published in H. Doc. No. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess.) and on the accompanying drawings, with such further modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable; at an estimated cost to the United States of $4,158,000 for new work and $20,000 annually for mainte- nance in addition to that now required. The plan for further improve- ment would provide a project safe draft of 25.5 feet over the full width RIVERS AND HARBORS---DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1171 of the existing channel when the level of the lake is at low water datum. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made over the St. Clair Flats Channel during May and June 1955, and repairs and replacements to the control system were accomplished, at a total cost of $5,686, for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1936. The construction of the easterly dike was completed in 1892, the removal of the center dike in 1934, and the dredging of the present channel in 1936. Project depths are available generally throughout the project. The east dike is in very poor condition. The costs have been as follows: Regular funds: New work----------- --------------- ------------- $2, 528, 127 Maintenance-------------------------------------- 1, 296, 907 Total------- ------------ ------------------------- 3, 825, 034 Public Works funds-new work------ -------------------- 1, 008, 595 'Total, all funds-------- ------------------ _---4, 833, 599 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: --- Appropriated---------......... ----------------------------------------------- $4, 192, 782 Cost---------------.. ----....---..------- ----------------------------------- 4, 192, 782 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $7, 610 $11, 000 $11, 300 $9, 650 ......-------..---.... 1,302, 521 Cost----------------- 6,327 14,673 9,650 ------------........ 5, 686 1, 296, 907 I Includes $656,060 for new work and $235,346.42 for maintenance for previous projects. 5. DETROIT RIVER, MICH. Location. This river is about 31 miles long and flows in a southerly direction from Lake St. Clair into Lake Erie. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 41.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, July 5,1884, August 5,1886, August 11, 1888, July 13, 1892, and March 3,1899. For further details see page 1958 of Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 1541 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing projects. This provides for a 2-way channel 25 feet deep and 800 feet wide through shoals at head of river, 26 feet deep and 800 feet wide through Fighting Island Channel, and 26 feet deep and 600 feet wide through Ballards Reef north of junction with Liv- ingstone Channel; for a downbound channel, known as Livingstone Channel, west of Bois Blanc Island, 26 feet deep and at least 450 feet wide from its upper end to opposite Bar Point; thence 26 feet deep and 800 feet wide to lower junction with Amherstburg Channel, thence 26 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide to the 26-foot contour in Lake Erie, passing to the east of Detroit River Lighthouse, the lower section, 1,200 feet wide, being used for both up and downbound traffic; for an 1172 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 upbound channel known as the Amherstburg Channel, at least 600 feet wide with a depth of 21 feet in the easterly 300-foot width and a depth of 27 feet in the westerly 300-foot width, from the lower junction with Livingstone Channel, passing on the east side of Bois Blanc Island to the head of Livingstone Channel; for an auxiliary downbound. channel, 22 feet deep and 800 feet wide, passing to the west of Detroit River Light; for a dike on the west bank of the rock cut through Liv- ingstone Channel to ameliorate cross currents; for a compensating waste bank between Livingstone and Amherstburg Channel at their north junction; for improving channels to Wyandotte by removing shoal at head of Grosse Ile and by dredging through the Middle Ground opposite the head of Fighting Island; for improving Trenton Channel (west of Grosse Ile), 21 feet deep and 250 feet wide, extend- ing from deep water near the head of the island to a point 2,300 feet below the lower Grosse Ile Bridge, ending in a turning basin of the same depth and 29 acres in area; and for improving the American Channel passing north of Belle Isle; from deep water near Windmill Point to a point opposite Fairview Slip, to a depth of 21 feet and a width of 200 feet. The following table shows the characteristic features of the exist- ing project: Dis- ed byup- Project da- Length tance Usedbyuplanes Name of improved channel of from o dwn- Proect roect aboveturn plmeanes channel mouth bound width epth tide at of river vessels New York Feet Miles Feet Feet Feet Channel north of Belle Isle--............... (1) 23 Both...... 200 21 573.0 Shoals at head of Detroit River---------.......... 37, 000 23 ._.do....... 800 25 573.3-572. 8 Fighting Island Channel_-....-.. __ .. . 24,800 11 __.do ...... 800 26 571.7 Ballards Reef Channel (north of junction 13, 000 8 --.do....... 600 26 571. 25 with Livingstone Channel). Livingstone Channel.-----------------.. .. 36,800 1 Down..... 450-800 26 571.25-570.5 Bar Point Channel.------------------- 12, 300 Both...... 800-1, 200 26 570. 5 Channel passing east of Detroit River 24, 000 ........... do....... 1,200 26 570. 5 Light. Ballards Reef Channel (south of junction 5,700 7 Up....... 600 21 571.25-571.0, with Livingstone Channel). Amherstburg Channel--------........... - 36,000 ........... do....... 600 221-27 571.0-570.5 Channel passing west of Detroit River 21, 000 ........ Down..... 800 22 570. 5 Light. Wyandotte Channel....--.-.....-..... Grosse Ile Shoal----------------------- -2,400 15 Local..... 300 21 571.8: 600 13 _.do.-----.------------ 20 571.8 Trenton Channel (west of Grosse Ile)-..... 19, 400 6 __do .250 21 571.7-571.1 I Extends from deep water near Windmill Point to a point opposite Fairview slip, approximately 3,000 feet. 2 Project depth 21 feet in easterly 300-foot width of channel and 27 feet in westerly 300-foot width. The project depths are referred to local low water datum planes which correspond to low water datum for Lakes St. Clair and Erie and are taken at 573.5 and 570.5 feet, respectively, above mean tide at New York. Each year during the navigation season the river rises and falls about 2 feet as measured by the monthly mean levels. Since 1906- the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the navigation season has been about 4.0 feet. Occasional fluctuations in depths of several feet, produced by high easterly or westerly winds, respectively, raise or lower the water level at the RIVERS AND HARBORS--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1173 west end of Lake Erie, and similarly affect the level of the lower Detroit River; such changes have been as much as 6 feet within 8 hours. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $50,000,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $207,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1Y192Amherstburg June 13,1902 JMune June 25, 1910 Shoal. Channel and removal of Grosse Ile H. Does. 712, 56th Cong., 1st sess., and 40, 58th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 4,1913 Fighting Island Channel-...........----------------------- H. Doc. 17, 62d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1907 H. Does. 266, 59th Cong., 2d sess.; June 25,1910Livingstone Channel.....---------------------------676, 61st Cong., 2d sess.; and 322, Mar. 2, 1919 65th Cong., 1st sess. 1 July 3, 1930 Channel depths of 26 and 25 feet-----_____ _____ H. Doe. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 2 Channel to Wyandotte 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 through the Middle Ground opposite the head of Doc. 1, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Fighting Island. 1 Aug. 26,1937 Trenton Channel and turning basin (west of Grosse H. Doc. 205, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Ile.). Mar. 2,1945 American Channel north of Belle Isle between Wind- H. Doc. 734, 79th Cong., 2d sess. mill Point and Fairview slip, Detroit. July 24,1946 Deepening the westerly 300 feet of Amherstburg H. Doc. 335, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Channel and Ballards' Reef Channel below Living- stone Channel to 27 feet to provide depths ade- quate for 24-foot draft navigation, when the gov- erning lakes are at datum, with necessary widening at approaches and bends and construction of neces- sary compensating works, Detroit River. May 17,1950 Extending turning basin in Trenton Channel 600 Sen. Doc. 30, 81st Cong., 1st sess. feet, dredging through east draw of lower Grosse Ile Bridge, and extending 300-foot width of channel north of lower Grosse Ile Bridge. 1 Contain latest published maps. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Recommended modification of project. On June 9, 1955, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project for the Great Lakes connecting channels, Michigan, to provide for deepening and further improving the channels for through traffic in Detroit River, generally in accordance with the plans of the District Engineer for further improvement as shown in table 19 of his report (published in H. Doc. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess.) and in the accompanying draw- ings, with such further modification thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable; at an estimated cost to the United States of $44,107,000 for new work and $120,000 annually for main- tenance in addition to that now required. The plan for further im- provement would provide a project safe draft of 25.5 feet over the full width of the downbound and 2-way channels for through traffic, (in- cluding the channel to Lake Erie passing to the east of Detroit River Lighthouse and a shoal area in Pelee Passage) over the full width of the upbound portion of Ballards Reef Channel below the junction with Livingstone Channel, and over the westerly 300-foot width of the upbound Amherstburg Channel between the junction with Ballards Reef Channel and the lower junction with Livingstone Channel; when the levels of Lakes St. Clair and Erie are at their respective low water datums. 1174 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of project. For Trenton Channel modification approved May 17, 1950, responsible local agencies are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance .of the works. Terminal facilities. Within the limits of the port of Detroit are more than 8.4 linear miles of docks fronting on the river, and the appliances for handling freight are adequate. A number of docks are owned by railroads and large manufacturing corporations over which no freight is received except for their own use. Other docks are owned by steamship lines, where preference is given to their own vessels. There are, however, still other docks that are open to the use of all vessels upon equal terms including one with terminal warehouse. Present terminals are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. New work: Design memorandum, plans and specifications for the Amherstburg Channel were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $75,010. Maintenance: Sounding surveys prior to dredging were made over the Lower Living- stone Channel and the channel passing east of Detroit River Light- house for the 1954 and 1955 dredging seasons, including repairs and replacements to the control system, at a total cost of $36,197. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $2,020. The location and removal of obstructions above 21-foot depth in the Amherstburg Channel and above 26-foot depth in the Livingstone Channel, a total channel length of about 8 miles, was accomplished by sweeping survey with the U. S. derrickboat Huron at a cost of $104,406. Repairs were made to the compensating dikes at a cost of $6,159. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the lower Livingstone Channel and the channel passing east of Detroit River Lighthouse during the period July 1, 1954, to August 13, 1954, and removed 274,894 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $79,257. The total costs during the fiscal year were $75,010 for new work, and $228,039 for maintenance, a total of $303,049. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, with the ex- ception of the channel north of Belle Isle, deepening the westerly 300 feet of the Amherstburg Channel and the Ballards Reef Chan- nel (south of its junction with the Livingstone Channel), and ex- tending the turning basin in Trenton Channel, was completed in 1941. The work done consists of dredging, rock excavation, and the construc- tion of dikes and compensating works. The dikes are generally in good condition. The Sugar Island compensating dike still shows signs of erosion and weathering. The following table gives project depths, controlling depths, widths, lengths, and date of completion of the several channels covered by the project at the close of the fiscal year: RIVERS AN D HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1175 Name of channel Length Minimum Project Controlling Date of channel width depth depth completion Feet Feet Feet Feet Channel north of Belle Isle-----------.............. (1) 200 21..................... Shoals at head of Detroit River.......... 37, 000 800 25 25. 0 1935 Fighting Island Channel-._.----------- 24, 800 800 26 26. 0 1933 Ballards Reef Channel (north of junc- tion with Livingstone Channel)--....... 13, 000 600 26 26.0 Aug. 18,1936 Livingstone Channel..__.--.----. --- . 36, 000 450 26 26. 0 Sept. 2,1936 Bar Point Channel--.....------------------- 12, 300 800 26 26. 0 June 26,1936 Channel passing east of Detroit River Light......-------......----------...... ----------........-- 24, 000 1, 200 26 26. 0 Aug. 14,1937 Ballards Reef Channel (south of junc- tion with Livingstone Channel) ...... 5, 700 600 8 21-27 s 21.0 81914 Amherstburg Channel .------------- 36, 800 600 2 21-27 8 21.0 a 1912 Channel passing west of Detroit River Light___---------- -----...... -... 21,000 800 22 20.1 1929 Wyandotte Channel-------.--.. ---.- 2, 400 300 21 21.0 1933 Grosse Ile Shoal-------------- - 600 ------------ 20 19. 5 1904 Trenton Channel---------------- ----- 19,400 250 21 21.0 41941 1 Extends from deep water near Windmill Point to a point opposite Fairview Slip, approximately 3,000 feet. 2 Project depth 21 feet in easterly 300 feet width of channel and 27 feet westerly 300 feet width. 8No work has been done in westerly half. 4 No work has been done to extend the turning basin. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work ----------------------------------------- $20, 120, 998 Maintenance__.------------ 2, 303, 078 Total -------------------------------------------- 22, 424, 076 Public Works funds --------------------------------------- , 530, 688 Total, all funds_---------- ----------------- 23, 954, 764 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Appropriated---...._ -- $10, 000 ............ -$8, 063 -------------------- $88, 000 1$23, 761,930 Cost... ...-------------------------............-------.....................------------ 75,010 123,748,940 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ 143, 275 158,000 $151, 154 $358, 000 228, 500 2,305, 083 Cost-----------------122, 751 159,178 167, 018 360,464 228,039 2,303,078 I Includes $2,097,254 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955......... $12, 990 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 12, 990 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_-____------------- 28, 335, 300 6. GRAND MARAIS HARBOR OF REFUGE, MICH. Location. The harbor is situated on the south shore of Lake Superior, 314 miles east of Duluth, Minn., and 93 miles west of Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 9.) Existing project. This provides for parallel timber-crib piers 500 feet apart aggregate length 4,566 feet extending out to a depth in the lake of 22 feet at ordinary low water; for closing the natural entrance 1176 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 channel by a pile dike 5,770 feet long; and for dredging a channel 300 feet wide and 18 feet deep between the piers, and 500 feet wide and 20 feet deep at the lake approach. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation in water level extends from 0 to + 1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $1,120,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $32,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 14,1880 .... Existing project, except for pile dike--------------- Specified in act. Annual Report, 1881, p. 2050. Do-...... For pile dike.....................-------------------------------- Annual Report, 1895, p. 351. May 17,1950 800 foot extension of west pier .......------------------- H. Doc. 751, 80th Cong., 2d sess.1 1Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Thre is no rail connection with the harbor. There are several small fish wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for present needs. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition of the chan- nel sounding surveys were performed over this project during June 1955 at a cost of $854 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 80 percent complete. Parallel piers were built 500 feet apart, 1,912 and 1,545 feet long, respectively, including 100 feet of pile revetment at the inner end of each pier; a channel 250 feet wide and 18 feet deep was dredged between the piers from the lake to the bay; and a pile dike was built in 1895-97 to close a natural entrance 5,770 feet in width. The west pier is in poor condition and requires repairs. The superstructure of the outer 744 feet of the east pier has been rebuilt in concrete and the balance of this pier is in fair condition but needs some timber decking and stone cover. The timber portion of the pile dike is in poor condition and the stone protection has settled. Some portions of the dike have been entirely destroyed by storm action. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were 13.5 feet deep in the lake approach and 16 feet in the channel. To complete the project there remains to construct 800 linear feet of extension to the existing west pier, and dredging to widen the inner portion of the channel from 250 feet to the project width of 300 feet. The costs have been as follows: Regular funds: New work-------------------------------------------- $355, 885 Maintenance------------------------------------------ 818, 986 Total---------------------------------------------1,174,871 RIVERS AND HARBORS---DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1177 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 -New work: Appropriated-------.........---------------------------............---------------------------............ $355,885 Cost-------------------------------------------- Maintenance: -------.---------------- 355, 885 Appropriated----------$44, 000 $53, 243 $16, 286 $2,200,----- 820,081 Cost_--___- __ __ 136,501 111, 992 13,918 12,549 2 $925 818, 986 1Operations and results during fiscal year $2,620, pending adjustment -$71. 9 Operations and results during fiscal year $854, pending adjustment $71. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project------------------ ---- $764, 100 7. MANISTIQUE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the north shore of Lake Michigan, about 135 miles northeasterly from Green Bay Harbor and 220 miles northerly from Milwaukee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 701.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. Further details, see page 1933 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1422 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for 2 breakwaters extending from the shore on either side of the mouth of the Manistique River, 1,744 feet and 1,480 feet in length for the east and west breakwaters, re- spectively, and for a pier 375 feet long on the west side at the river mouth. It further provides for an entrance channel 19 feet deep from that depth in the lake to a point about 300 feet landward of the harbor entrance, thence 18 feet to a point about 1,150 feet upstream from the mouth of the river, and thence 18 feet, except where rock is encoun- tered at less depth, for a further distance of about 500 feet, with widths of 276 feet at the breakwater entrance, increasing to 475 feet through the outer basin, decreasing to 215 feet at the river mouth, thence varying from 180 feet to 325 feet at the upper limit; the total length of channel being about 4,100 feet. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled piling and timber cribs, capped with concrete superstruc- ture; the west pier is formed of stone-filled plank cribs. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Mich- igan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $743,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $100,000. 1178 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1905 Breakwaters and outer harbor.------------------- H. Doc. 429, 58th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2,1907 Present location of west breakwater and pier at river Annual Report, 1908, p. 648, and mouth, unpublished report of Mar. 13, 1908, approved by Secretary of War, Apr. 3, 1908. May 17,1950 Present project dimensions of channel...-.......-H. Doc. 721, 80th Cong., 2d sess.L I Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of May 17, 1950, provided that re- sponsible local agencies shall furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction work and the sub- sequent maintenance thereof. Local interests were notified on July 19, 1950, of the required conditions and requested to furnish assur- ances that they will be met. Negotiations for the above assurances are in progress. All prior requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. In addition to a car-ferry slip there are 2 coal and building material wharves, 2 fishing wharves, and numer- ous lumberyard slips. While these facilities are considered fairly adequate for existing commerce, it is believed that a wharf, with rail connection and under public control, should be provided. Operations and results durring fiscal year. Condition of the chan- nel and prior to dredging sounding surveys were made during the spring of 1955 at a cost of $2,132. Restoration of project depth in the entrance channel was accomplished with the U. S. bucket dredge Tompkins during the period July 12 through August 15, 1954, re- moving 40,910 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoal material at a cost of $39,328. Total costs during the fiscal year were $41,460, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of May 17, 1950, was completed in 1917. No work has been done on the last modification of the project providing for present dimensions of channel. The construction of the breakwaters: inclosing the basin was commenced in May 1911 and completed in November 1914. Construction of the plank-crib pier was commenced in May 1909 and completed in October 1909. Dredging of the chan- nel to 18 feet over practically all the area below the car-ferry slip was commenced in June 1915 and completed in July 1915. Dredging of the channel above the slip to ledge rock was commenced in July 1917 and completed in August 1917. The breakwaters are in gen- erally good condition. The plank-crib pier is in a very dilapidated condition and should be rebuilt. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 16.0 feet in the channel through the outer basin to the river mouth, thence 14.3 feet in the river to about 500 feet above the car-ferry slip, decreasing to about 11.6 feet along the easterly limit of the channel opposite the car-ferry slip. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1179 The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work----......------------------------- ----------------------- $307, 252 Maintenance ----------------------------------------- 370,113 Total------ ---------------------------------------- 677, 365 Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated......--------------------------------........................---------------...................----------..... 1$311, 207 Cost- ------------------------------------------ Maintenance: ------------------------ 1311, 207 Appropriated......... -------- $30,371 $500 $17,000 $29, 800 $40, 500 370, 097 Cost-----------------.. 29, 614 1, 414 1,665 2 45, 545 841, 520 370,113 1 Includes $3,955 for new work for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $45,605 less pending adjustment of $60. 8Operations and results during fiscal year $41,460 plus pending adjustment of $60. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project--.------------------- $435, 700 8. ST. JOSEPH HARBOR, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 60 miles easterly from Chicago and about 24 miles southerly from South Haven. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 758.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 4, 1836, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1866, March 3, 1875, June 14, 1880, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1945 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1470 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of the St. Joseph River by 2 piers, 250 to 325 feet apart at their inner and outer ends, respectively, having lengths of 2,854 feet on the north side and 2,603 feet on the south side. It further provides for a chan- nel 21 feet deep from Lake Michigan to the mouth of the Benton Harbor Canal, a length of about 6,900 feet, with widths of 265 feet at the outer end of the piers, 190 feet at the inner end of the piers and revetments, thence generally 215 feet to the lower end of the turning basin, increasing to 250 feet above the turning basin to the mouth of the Paw Paw River, thence generally 110 feet in the Paw Paw River to the mouth of the Benton Harbor Canal; for dredging the channel in the Benton Harbor Canal up to the west line of Ninth Street, a length of about 2,800 feet, to a depth of 18 feet and width of 80 feet; for dredging a turning basin 18 feet deep on the north side of channel above the mouth of the Morrison Channel; and that the turning basin near the mouth of the Paw Paw River be eliminated from the project. The piers and revetments are formed of stone- filled timber cribs and piling, capped with concrete superstructure. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above 1180 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $483,000, exclusive. of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $130,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1875 Interior revetment 1.------------------------------ H. Ex. Doc. 160, 43d Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1875,. .une 14,1880 Benton Harbor Canal, 1 - - - ----- - - - - ... - - --- - - - - - - - pt. I, p. 263. Annual Report, 1880, pp. 2030, 2031, and 2049-2055. Mar. 3,1899 For present project dimensions of the piers and for a H. Doc. 307, 55th Cong., 2d sess., turning basin. and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2496. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of the channel and turn- Rivers and Harbors Committee. ing basin, near mouth of Paw Paw River. Doc. 52, 74th Cong., 1st sess. June 2,1937 2 Abandonment of the easterly 1,000 feet of the canal above the west line of 9th St. Mar. 2,1945 Turning basin above mouth of Morrison Channel H. Doc. 129, 76th Cong., 1st sess and elimination of turning basin near mouth of Paw Paw River. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2Public 130, 75th Cong., 1st sess. SContains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements,. and right-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for- subsequent maintenance as required and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the dredging of the turning basin just above the mouth of Morrison Channel. As- surances of local cooperation were furnished by the city of St. Joseph= and were approved by the Chief of Engineers on January 22, 1951. All prior requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are several wharves used for handling coal, building materials, petroleum products, and miscellaneous com- modities and one shipbuilding yard. A package-freight terminal is also available for use. While these facilities are generally adequate for existing traffic conditions, a public wharf open for all on equal terms should be provided. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Condition of the channel surveys were made over this project during April 1955. It was found that due to the mild winter experienced, with few storms, the antici- pated shoaling did not develop. Consequently, dredging was not performed in this harbor during the fiscal year 1955. The cost of the: surveys was $4,966, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 2, 1945, was completed in 1938. No work has been done on the last modification of the project providing for a turn- ing basin just above the mouth of the Morrison Channel. The piers and revetments completed in 1904 are in generally good condition ex- cept that a portion of the north revetment and pier requires repairs, Dredging of the channel to existing project depth was commenced RIVERS AND HARBORS---DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1181 in August 1938 and completed in October 1938. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 24 feet in the entrance channel; thence 21 feet in the channel between the piers to Benton Harbor Canal and 17.3 feet in Benton Harbor Canal decreasing to 14.7 feet at Ninth Street. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work -------------------------------------------- $366, 683 Maintenance----------------------------------------1, 256, 085 Total----_ ------------------- --------------------- 1,622,768 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------.........-----------.......----------------------------------------- 1 $869, 796, Cost---------- --------------------------------------------------------- 869, 796 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $30, 000 $111, 500 $63, 000 $62, 000 $6, 300 1, 257, 561 Cost-----------------30, 204 90, 828 85, 649 2 58, 147 84, 842 1, 256, 085, 1 Includes $503,113 for new work for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $59,792, plus pending adjustment of $24; and less stock on hand June 30, 1953, included in 1954 cost, in amount of $1,669. 3 Operations and results during fiscal year $4,966 less pending adjustment of $24, plus cost of stock trans- ferred to work of $100. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------- ----------- $116,300. 9. SOUTH HAVEN HARBOR, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 77 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 24 miles north- erly from St. Joseph. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 76.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River. and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, August 2, 1882, and August 11, 1888. (For further details, see p. 1947 of Annual Report for 1915, and' p. 1473 of Annual Report for 1938.) Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of Black River by 2 piers and revetments, 190 to 166 feet apart, with lengths. of 2,143 feet and 2,182 feet for the north and south sides, respectively; for an entrance channel 21 feet deep to the shore line; thence a chan-. nel 19 feet deep and 130 feet wide, extending up the river to a turn- ing basin 375 feet wide and 19 feet deep, located immediately below the Dyckman Avenue Bridge. The length of entrance channel to, the inner end of the piers is about 2,700 feet and in the river to the bridge 2,400 feet. The piers and revetments are formed of stone- filled timber cribs and piling and are capped with concrete. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tem- 1182 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 porary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost of new work (1954) is $204,000, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The enlargement of the turning basin portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this por- tion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $112,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $26,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 Channel from inner end of piers to highway bridge 1..- No prior survey or estimate. Mar. 3,1905 Present dimension of piers and for a turning basin.... H. Doc. 119, 58th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30,1935 Present project dimensions of channel and turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin.I Dec.9, sess. and 73d Cong., 1st unpublished review report of Chief of Engineers, dated Dec. 21, 1934. 1 Completed under previous projects. 8 Contains latest published map. 3 The enlargement of the turning basin is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, provided "that no expense shall be incurred by the United States for acquiring of any lands required for the purpose of this improvement." According to latest information, no land will be required, as enlargement of the basin is not desired by local interests. All prior requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of several wharves used for han- dling coal, building materials, wood pulp, fish, and miscellaneous commodities. The city has constructed a municipal wharf and ware- house. The municipal wharf is leased to a private corporation which operates it in the interest of general commerce on like terms for like service. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Condition of the channel and prior to dredging sounding surveys were made over the project during May 1955 at a cost of $2,317. Dredging with the U. S. dipper dredge Kewaunee to restore project depth in the entrance channel was begun June 6 and completed in June 1955 removing 54,495 cubic yards, scow measure, at a cost of $28,292. Total cost was $30,609, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the enlargement of the turning basin, which is not now desired by local interests. The present width of the turning basin is 260 feet. The piers and revetments completed in 1913 are in generally good condition, except that a portion of the north pier requires repairs. Dredging of the channel and existing turning basin to existing project depth, was commenced in May 1938, and completed in June 1938. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet in the entrance channel and 19 feet in the channel between the piers and in the turning basin. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1183 The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work--------------------------- ---------------------- $204, 047 Maintenance------------------------------------ -------- - 975, 249 Total-------------------------------------------------- 1,179,296 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated-------- ---------------- --------------- ------------ ------------ $391,280 Cost---_------------- ------------------------------------------------- 391, 280 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- $42, 629 $1, 500 $29, 200 $37, 700 $35, 600 1, 109, 382 Cost-------... -----------.............. 65, 061 1,368 29, 240 2 37, 749 a 32, 706 1, 106, 488 1 Includes $187,233 for new work and $131,239 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $39,847, less pending adjustment of $2,098. 3 Operations and results during fiscal year $30,608, plus pending adjustment of $2,098. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project (1) 0---------------------- I Does not include $112,000 for the inactive portion of the project. 10. SAUGATUCK HARBOR AND KALAMAZOO RIVER, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distance about 90 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 22 miles northerly from South Haven. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 76.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1868, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870. For further details, see page 1947 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1475 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel between parallel piers, 200 feet apart, having lengths of 2,778 and 2,514 feet for the north and south piers, respectively, and for a channel 16 feet deep and 100 feet wide, extending from that depth in Lake Michigan to the mouth of the river, thence 14 feet deep, 90 feet wide, in the Kalamazoo River up to Saugatuck, a distance of 9,000 feet. The piers are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and piling and are capped with concrete except for the inner 276 feet of the north revetment. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a tem- porary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $274,295 ex- clusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $26,000. 363037-55-vol. 2- 75 1184 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 Entrance channel, piers, and revetments---.....------....... H. Doc. 192, 54th Cong., 1st sess., Annual Report, 1896, vol. 2, pt. 5, p. 2739. Mar. 2,1907 Deepening entrance to 16 feet -------------------- Annual Report, 1907, p. 646. June 25, 1910 Deepening channel in river to 14 feet................. ------------- H. Doc 635, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Note.-The latest published map is in H. Doc. 608, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Recommended modifications of project. Legislation authorizing the abandonment of the project has been recommended in House Docu- ment No. 292, 65th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. At the village of Saugatuck there are several landing places for small vessels and one for commercial vessels. At the village of Douglas there is a landing pier. The terminal facilities are available for general use and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $784 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1911. Pier construction and dredging between the piers was com- pleted in 1908; dredging in the river was completed in 1911. The piers and revetments are in generally good condition except that a portion of the south revetment has failed and should be rebuilt. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 12 feet in the channel between the piers and 9 feet in the river to Saugatuck. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work------------------------- ------------------------ $274, 295 Maintenance------------------------------------------------ 725,276 Total ---------------------------------------------------- 999,571 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951' New work: Appropriated--- .........---------------------------------- ----------- ------------ $364,527 Cost-------------------------------------------------------------- --- - 364, 527 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $6,500 ------------ $1,000 $1,350 725,276 Cost----------------- 5,169------------ 1,137 2 430 $782 276 725, fornew work and $117,554 1Includes $90,232 formaintenance forprevious projects. ' Operations and results during fiscal year $429, plus pending adjustment of $1. 3Operations and results during fiscal year $783, minus pending adjustment of $1. RIVERS AND HARBORS--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1185 11. HOLLAND HARBOR, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 95 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 23 miles southerly from Grand Haven. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 763.) Previous project. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, March 3, 1873, March 3, 1879, July 5, 1884, and July 13, 1892. For further details see page 1948 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1478 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the outlet of the channel from Lake Macatawa (formerly Black Lake) by 2 converg- ing breakwater having lengths of 752 and 801 feet for the north and south breakwaters, respectively, and with widths between them of 300 feet at the outer end and 740 feet at the inner end; for inner piers and revetments along the channel from Lake Macatawa, about 180 feet apart for a distance of 614 feet from the outer end, thence flaring to 285 feet apart abreast the angle in the north revetment and thence converging to about 200 feet apart at the inner end; with lengths of 1,765 and 1,634 feet for the north and south piers, respectively: for dredging a channel 23 feet deep from that depth in Lake Michigan to a point 400 feet inside the entrance between the breakwaters, thence decreasing to 21 feet at the outer end of the inner piers and through Lake Macatawa to the upper end of the project, in Black River; the width of the channel being 300 feet through the outer harbor, thence reducing to 140 feet at the outer end of the inner piers, thence 140 feet to the angle in the south pier, thence flaring to 235 feet abreast the angle in the north pier, thence converging to 150 feet in the channel in Lake Macatawa to the angle in the project channel opposite the wharves at Holland, and thence 110 feet for a distance of 2,600 feet to the end of the project, with suitable widening opposite the angle in the project channel at Holland; and for a turning basin abreast the angle in the project channel at Holland, 750 feet wide and 18 feet deep, extending upstream to join the channel in Black River. The length of the dredged channel, including that in the westerly end of Lake Macatawa, being about 1 mile, and that in the easterly end of Lake Macatawa and in Black River, being about 3.5 miles, is 6 miles. The existing breakwaters, piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete super- structure. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at that time. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $1,035,000, ex- clusive of amount expended on previous project and $45,000 required to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $89,200, including $5,700 for mainte- nance of the modifications authorized by the Act of September 3, 1954. 1186 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,1852 Artificial channel between Lake Macatawa and Lake S. Ex. Doc. 42, 35th Cong., 1st sess.; Michigan.' p. 84. Mar. 2,1867 Piers and revetments 1_.__....--------. Annual Report, 1866, p. 106. Mar. 3, 1899 Extending inner piers....------------------------- H. Doc. 272, 54th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1897, p. 2950. Mar. 3,1905 Converging breakwaters.--------------------___ Annual Report, 1905, p. 2176. July 3,1930 Channel to Holland and a turning basin at Holland__ H. Doc. 588, 69th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30,1935 Present project dimensions of channels and turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin. Doc. 48, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 3,1954 (a) Widening bend in revetted entrance channel into H. Doe. 282, 83d Cong., 2d sess.* Lake Macatawa; and (b) dredging channel in Black River; and widening and extending turning basin. I Completed under previous project. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The work authorized by the act of September 3, 1954, is subject to the condition that work on either or both of the proposed modifications may be undertaken by the United States pro- vided local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands except the 1.5 acres of Federal lands, easements, rights-of- way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) remove buildings and other structures, except the existing revetments, from lands to be furnished; (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; and (d) contribute 25 percent of the cost of dredging section B (channel extension in Black River), but not to exceed $5,500. Terminal facilities. The wharves are located at the city of Hol- land, at the inner end of Lake Macatawa, and are used for handling coal, building materials, petroleum products, and miscellaneous com- modities. Two shipbuilding yards are located on the south shore of Lake Macatawa. The city of Holland has provided a public wharf for small craft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition of the channel and prior to dredging sounding surveys were made over the project during March 1955 at a cost of $2,490. The U. S. hopper dredge Hamns operated in the entrance and river channels during the period April 20 to April 29, 1955,, removing 71,735 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $14,067, to restore project depths. Rip- rapping breakwaters with 1,000 tons of stone at a cost of $7,649 was performed with government plant. The total costs for the fiscal year amounted to $24,206, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project with the ex- ception of the modifications authorized by the act of September 3, 1954, was completed in 1938. The breakwaters, piers, and revetments completed in 1910 are in generally good condition except that por- tions of the north pier and revetment require repairs. Dredging of the entrance channel to existing project depth, and the channel and turning basin in Lake Macatawa was commenced in May 1938, and RIVERS AND HARBORS--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1187 completed in October 1938. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 21 feet in the channel to Lake Macatawa, 20 feet in the inner channel in Lake Macatawa to the wharves at Holland, and 18 feet in the turning basin. The costs for the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work --------- ---------------------------------- $452, 402 Maintenance --------------------------------------- 944, 812 Total ------- ----------------------------------- 1, 397, 214 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ....---..........------------ $629, 022 -----------------------------------..................------------........................ Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 629, 022 Maintenance: Appropriated..--------...... $21, 000 $20, 000 $13, 200 $23, 400 $39, 900 1,088,469 Cost .....----------------- 10, 456 21, 800 12, 626 23, 520 a24, 212 1, 072, 410 1 Includes $176,620 for new work and $127,598 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $23,526, less pending adjustment of $6. 8 Operations and results during fiscal year $24,206, plus pending adjustment of $6. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--_--- ---- -_ $582,600 12. GRAND HAVEN HARBOR AND GRAND RIVER, MICH. Location. The harbor is located on the east shore of Lake Michi- gan, distant about 108 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 23 miles northerly from Holland. The river rises in Jackson County, Mich., and flows in a general westerly direction into Lake Michigan, with a total length of about 260 miles. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 765, and U. S. Geological Survey Grand Rapids quadrangle.) Previous projects. The original project for the river was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. A new project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896, and was modi- fied by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1949 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1481 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of the river by piers and revetments, 415 feet apart at the entrance diminish- ing to 390 feet inside, about 3,569 and 5,549 feet in length for the north and south sides, respectively, and for a channel 23 feet deep and generally 300 feet wide and 1,500 feet long from that depth in the lake to a point about 1,000 feet inside the pier ends; thence 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide and 1/4 miles long to the car-ferry slip, with an enlargement at the upper end; thence 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide and 11/4 miles long from the car-ferry slip to the Grand Trunk Rail- way bridge at Ferrysburg; with a turning basin 18 feet deep on the south side of the channel just below that bridge; thence a channel 18 feet deep and generally 100 feet wide to deep water in Spring Lake, 1188 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 a distance of about 1,350 feet in the river and about 1,750 feet up the outlet from Spring Lake; and for a channel in Grand River 8 feet deep at low water datum, 100 feet wide and 141/2 miles long to Bass River, the total length of river channel being about 171/2 miles. The piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure. The estimate of cost of new work (1954) is $964,800, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The dredging on the north- erly side of the inner channel is considered to be inactive and is ex- cluded from the foregoing estimate. The cost of this portion of the project was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $38,600. The latest (1954) approved estimated for annual cost of maintenance is $123,500. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level in the harbor are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure of about 11/ feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23,1866 Piers and revetments ......- ...................... June 14, 1880 -_do S. Ex. Doec. 42, 35th Cong., 1st sess., Sept. 19, 1890 -- -,do---__ ----- -------------------------- pp. 89, 91. July 13,1892 -.---do. July 3,1930 Present project dimensions of the harbor channel to S. Doc. 88, 71st Cong., 2d sess.t Grand Trunk car-ferry slip and the river channel; eliminating all of that portion of Grand River above Bass River; consolidation 2 of the projects for the harbor and river. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel to Spring Lake___...-------.--.......-. Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Mar. 2,1945 Present project dimensions of harbor channel from H. Doc. 661, 76th Cong., 3d sess. car-ferry slip to Grand Trunk Ry. bridge and the turning basin. 1 Contain latest published maps. 2 The dredging on the northerly side of the inner channel is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In addition to a car-ferry slip, there are sev- eral wharves used for handling coal, building materials, petroleum products, fish, and miscellaneous commodities. The car-ferry slip is not in use at present. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce except that there should be a public wharf in Grand Haven for transfer between rail and water. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition of the chan- nel and prior to dredging sounding surveys were made over the entrance and river channels and the turning basin during April RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1189 1955 at a cost of $7,277. The cost of the hydroclimatic network was $1,250. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $142. The U. S. bucket dredge Tompkins operated in the upper river channel section to the head of the project during the period of August 16 to September 3, 1954, removing 33,720 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoal material at a cost of $19,880. Dredging to restore project depth in the entrance channel and the river channel below Ferrysburg was accomplished during the period April 29 to May 13, 1955 with the U. S. hopper dredge Hains. Shoal material in the amount of 110,029 cubic yards, bin measure, was removed at a cost of $28,889. Reconstruction of 652 lineal feet of south pier and 695 lineal feet of north pier, initiated in the previous fiscal year on con- tinuing contracts, was completed in August 1954 and May 1955, respectively. Costs of these improvements were $121,758 and $197,- 314, respectively. Total cost was $376,510 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for a small amount of dredging on the northerly side of the inner channel at the point of land 1,350 feet upstream from the inner end of the north revetment. This dredging cannot be done without re- vetting the bank or endangering private cottages. The present chan- nel past this site, having at least width of 240 feet, is considered adequate for present and reasonably prospective commerce. The piers and revetments were completed in 1893 and are in fair con- dition except that portion of the old timber crib piers require repairs. Dredging of that portion of the channel between the car-ferry slip and the Grand Trunk Railway bridge to a width of 200 feet, was commenced in August 1930, and completed in October 1930, with ad- vanced funds. Dredging of the river above the railway bridge to Bass River to existing project depth was commenced in April 1931 and completed in June 1931. Dredging the channel into Spring Lake was commenced in September 1938 and completed in November 1938. Widening of the channel between the car-ferry slip and the Grand Trunk Railway bridge to 300 feet and dredging the turning basin on the south side of the channel just below that bridge were com- menced in October 1948 and completed in September 1949. The con- trolling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 23 feet at the entrance; thence 21 feet between the piers and in the river to the Grand Trunk Railway bridge, and 18 feet in the turning basin, and thence 8 feet to Bass River and 17 feet in the outlet from Spring Lake. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work----------------- -------------------------------- $964,851 Maintenance---------------------------------------------- 3, 489, 403 Total------------------------ --------------------------- 4, 454, 254 1190 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARVY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated......___ --------- _...__-- ------------ -----...-----------------$1, 276, 180 Cost ....-------------------- ----------------------------------------------- 1, 276,180 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $114, 200 $231, 500 $301, 200 $471, 900 $77, 065 3, 504, 031 Cost------...----------- 144, 109 186,432 148, 284 2 366, 828 3 376, 422 3, 502, 830 1 Includes $311,329 for new work and $13,427 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $367,097, plus pending adjustment of $88; and less stock on hand previous fiscal year transferred from project $357. a Operations and results during fiscal year $376,510, less pending adjustment of $88. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project-_---------- 0 (1) 1 Does not include $38,600 for the inactive portion of the project. 13. MUSKEGON HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 114 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 80 miles easterly from Milwaukee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 767.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, June 23, 1874, August 2, 1882, September 19, 1890, August 18, 1894, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1950 of Annual Report for 1915; page 1399, Annual Report for 1924; and page 1484, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an exterior basin in Lake Michigan, formed by 2 arrowhead breakwaters, the south 1,514 feet and the north 1,404 feet long, 500 feet apart at the outer ends diverg- ing at an angle of about 90 ° , the inner ends connected with the shore by suitable structures, 1,660 feet and 1,561 feet long on the north and south sides, respectively; for the removal of 1,003 feet of the existing north pier and 1,106 feet of the existing south pier; for repairing and maintaining the revetment around the old car- ferry slip on the south side of the entrance channel; for dredging channel 380 feet wide at the entrance, thence increasing to 650 feet wide at a point about 300 feet inside the entrance, thence decreasing toward the new pierheads to 500 feet wide and 240 feet wide between the piers, with depths varying from 24 feet at the harbor entrance to 21 feet at the shore line and in the inner channel to Muskegon Lake, about 6,050 feet from the harbor entrance. The south break- water and shore connection are built of concrete caissons and piling capped with concrete; the north breakwater is a rubble mound; the inner piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all having been capped with concrete. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- RIVERS AND HARBORS--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1191 rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of new work, for the completed project was $1,900,922, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $70,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13,1902 Piers and revetments-------------------_ _ _ H. Doc. 104, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 Breakwaters and present project dimensions of chan- H. Doc. 494, 67th Cong., 4th sess. nel. Aug. 30, 1935 Repairing revetment around car ferry slip----------....... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 64, 74th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The main terminals are at the city of Muske- gon, at the inner end of Muskegon Lake, and include a car-ferry slip, a large privately owned wharf equipped with warehouse, transit shed, and cold-storage plant, and several wharves used for handling coal, petroleum products, building materials, and miscellaneous commodi- ties. There is also a sand wharf at the west end of Muskegon Lake south of the inner end of the improved channel. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Condition of the channel and prior to dredging sounding surveys were made over the project during April 1955 at a cost of $1,682. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $120. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the entrance channel during the period April 13 to April 20, 1955, removing 51,694 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $12,574. The total cost was $14,376, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1938. Construction of the south breakwater and shore con- nection was commenced in May 1928 and completed in December 1930. The construction of the north breakwater and shore connection and the removal of portions of the old piers were commenced in June 1930, and completed in December 1931. Deepening and widening of the en- trance channel to existing project depth and width, were commenced and completed in June 1932. Repairs to the south revetment around the old car-ferry slip were commenced in May 1938, and completed in October 1938. The outer 54 feet of the south breakwater were removed in 1939, thereby increasing the width between the outer ends of the breakwaters to 555 feet. The south breakwater is therefore main- tained for only a length of about 1,460 feet. The breakwaters and shore connections are in generally good condition except that the outer end of the north breakwater requires repairs. The inner piers and revetments are in fair condition. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 24 to 21 feet in the channel through the outer harbor and 21 feet between the inner piers to Muskegon Lake. The costs under 1192 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the existing project were $1,900,922 for new work and $718,162 for maintenance, a total of $2,619,084. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work________________---- $1, 900, 922 Maintenance---------- ------------------------------------- 732, 538 Total------------------ 2, 633,460 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------------------- $2, 514, 330 Costa------------------- ----------- --------- 2,514,330 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $27, 000 $15, 500 $10, 500 $32, 200 $14, 900 1, 179, 847 Cost----------------- 29, 581 13, 914 9,388 2 35, 405 8 14, 378 1, 178,721 Includes $613,408 for new work and $446,183 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $35,407, less pending adjustment of $2. 8Operations and results during fiscal year $14,375, plus pending adjustment of $2. 14. WHITE LAKE HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, about 120 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 45 miles southerly from Lud- ington. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 768.) Existing project. This provides for the abandonment of the old outlet and the creation of a new channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and about 1,950 feet long from Lake Michigan to White Lake be- tween parallel piers and revetments having lengths of 1,717 feet and 1,953 feet on north and south sides, respectively. The piers and re- vetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure. The project depth is re- ferred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of new work, for the completed project, was $207,862. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $21,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Mar. 3,1873 New channel, with piers and revetments...-..-....- . Unpublished surveyreport of 1868. July 5,1884 -. U b s r July 13,1892 Mar. 2,1907 Present project depth of channel.....----------------- Nor prior survey or estimate. Note. The latest published map is in H. Doc. 2053, 64th Cong., 2d sess. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1193 Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is a coal wharf located about three- fourths of a mile south of the village of Montague at the inner end of White Lake. Across the lake, at the village of Whitehall, there are several wharves available for boats of shallow draft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition of channel and prior to dredging sounding surveys were made during March 1955, at a cost of $966. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the outer bar and revetted channel during the period April 8 through April 19, 1955, removing 74,659 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $20,600. The total cost for the fiscal year was $21,566, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1908. The piers and revetments were completed in 1900 and the dredging in 1908. The piers and revetments are in good condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 16 feet in the entrance channel and between the piers to White Lake. The costs of existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work----------------- -------------- ------------ $207, 862 Maintenance---------.------------ ---------------------- 607, 300 Total------------ ----------------------- 815, 162 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .......----.........-------------------------------------------------..... $207, 862 Cost-------....------------------------------------------------------------- 207,862 Maintenance: Appropriated- ......- . $8, 500 $3, 500 $33, 450 $22, 000 607, 854 Cost------------------ 9, 187 ------------ 3, 093 133, 734 2 21, 569 607, 300 1 Operations and results during fiscal year $33,737, less pending adjustment of $3. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $21,566, plus pending adjustment of $3. 15. PENTWATER HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, about 146 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 14 miles southerly from Lud- ington. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 77.) Existing project. This provides for widening the old entrance chan- nel to 150 feet between parallel piers and revetments, the channel to extend from Lake Michigan to Pentwater Lake, with a depth of 16 feet. The piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which have been provided with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above 1194 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $179,900. The 200- foot extension to the south pier portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $65,100. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $22,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1867 Mar. 3, 1873 Piers and revetments; dredging ..........------------------ H. Ex. Doc. 70, 39th Cong., 2d sess. July 5,1884 . July 13, 18921 Mar. 2, 1907 Present project depth of channel_..................... H. Doe. 181, 59th Cong., 2d sess. 1 The 200-foot extension to the south pier is considered to be inactive. Note. The latest published map is in H. Doc. 303, 66th Cong., 1st sess. Reconmmended modifications of project. The project was recom- mended for abandonment in House Documents Nos. 429, 64th Con- gress, 1st session, and 467, 69th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. A number of small, privately owned wharves are grouped at the west end of Pentwater Lake. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made during May 1955, at a cost of $856, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the 200-foot extension to the south pier which is not con- sidered necessary under present conditions. The north pier and revet- ment was completed in 1885 for a length of 2,226 feet and the south pier and revetment in 1889 for a length of 1,847 feet. The net length of the north pier and revetment is now 2,022 feet, 204 feet having been removed in 1931. Dredging of the channel was completed in 1907. The piers and revetments are in fair condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 5.9 feet in the entrance channel and 4.1 feet in the channel between the piers to Pentwater Lake. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work-------------------------------------------------$179, 899 Maintenance----------------------- --------------------- 540, 233 Total---------------------------------------------------- 20, 132 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1195 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.....----- ------------------------------------------------------............ $179,899 Cost----------------- ------ -------------------------- ---------------- 179,899 Maintenance: Appropriated-------......... $30, 865 $1, 000 $2, 300 $350 $500 540, 299 Cost----------------- 31, 311 1, 001 1, 502 724 856 540, 232 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project- (1) 0----0 1Does not include $65,100 for the inactive portion of the project. 16. LUDINGTON HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the east shore of Lake Michi- gan, distant about 156 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 67 miles northerly from Grand Haven. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 774.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, August 11, 1888, and March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 1951 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1491 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an exterior basin in Lake Michigan, formed by 2 breakwaters, each with main arm 1,800 feet long, 400 feet apart at the outer ends, diverging at an angle of 900, and with shore connections, 1,103 feet and 2,004 feet in length for north and south breakwaters, respectively; for the removal of the outer end of inner piers; for dredging the exterior basin to a depth of 18 feet; and for an inner channel about 2,000 feet long connecting Pere Marquette Lake and Lake Michigan, the minimum navigable width being 150 feet and depth of 18 feet. The breakwaters and inner piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure, except for the inner 350 linear feet of the south revetment which consists of steel sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,036,086, ex- clusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $280,000. 1196 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Entrance piers---- -----------------------.. Annual Report, 1867, p. 114. Mar. 3, 1809 Pier extension reconstruction, and repairs to exist- H. Doec. 273, 54th Cong., 2d sess., ing structures, and present project dimensions of and Annual Report, 1897, p. channel. 2951. Mar. 2, 1907 Breakwaters, shore connections, and removal of outer H. Doec. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess., ends of the 2 inside piers. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doec. 3, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Note. The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1914, p. 2974. Local cooperation. None required. Termital facilities. In addition to the main terminal of the Pere Marquette Railway Co., consisting of three car-ferry slips and a wharf with warehouses, there are several wharfs used for handling coal, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities. These fa- cilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Conditions surveys were made in entrance channel at a cost of $1,149. Repairs to 360 lineal feet of south breakwater were initiated in April 1955 and are still in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The cost during the fiscal year was $11,218. Repair to 510 lineal feet of south breakwater which was initiated during fiscal year 1954 was completed August 22, 1954. Cost for the work during this fiscal year was $153,318. Repair to 200 lineal feet of North Pier by Government plant and hired labor was initiated and still in progress at the close of this fiscal year. Cost for the work during this fiscal year was $2,062. Dredging was accomplished in the entrance channel with the U. S. hopper dredge Hains during the period May 20 to May 30, 1955, removing 48,634 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $18,567. The total cost for the fiscal year was $186,314 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1918. Construction of the breakwaters was commenced in 1908 and completed in May 1911. The construction of the shore connections was commenced in 1912 and completed in November 1914. The dredg- ing was completed in 1917, and the placing of addition stone as rip- rap in 1918. The breakwaters and shore connections and the inner piers and revetments are in generally good condition except that the outer end of the north pier and a portion of the south shore connection substructure are in poor condition and require repairs. The outer 100 feet of the south breakwater were removed by private interests in 1939, by authority of the Chief of Engineers dated June 2, 1939, thereby increasing the width between the outer ends of the break- waters to 475 feet. The south breakwater is therefore maintained for only a length of about 1,700 feet. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 26 feet at harbor entrance, thence decreasing through the outer basin to 18 feet at lake- ward end of the inner piers and in the channel between the inner piers and revetments to Pere Marquette Lake. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1197 The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work----------- ----------------------------- $1, 036, 086 Maintenance---------- ------------- ------- 2, 594, 856 Total ------------------------------------------- 3, 630, 942 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years, 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated---------......... -- ------------------------------------------------ $1, 527, 502 Cost....--------------------- ----------------------- ----------------------- 1, 527, 502 Maintenance: _ Appropriated- ------- $67, 000 $41, 500 $13, 200 $133, 600 $353, 700 1, 890, 548 Cost-_------------- 68, 933 39, 520 15, 726 2 94, 066 3186, 379 1, 685, 221 1Includes $491,416 for new work and $126,451 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $94,131, less pending adjustment of $65. 3 Operations and results during fiscal year $186,314, plus pending adjustment of $65. 17. MANISTEE HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 179 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 26 miles northerly from Ludington. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 776.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1867, June 10, 1872, March 3, 1873, March 3, 1875, August 14, 1876, September 19, 1890, July 13, 1892, March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1952 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1493 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 23 feet deep, 570 feet wide, 1,600 feet to the outer end of the south pier; thence 21 feet deep between the piers and in the river, 250 to 220 feet wide for a distance of 2,000 feet; and thence with a minimum width of 100 feet from the inner end of the north revetment to Manistee Lake, about 6,400 feet. The project also provides for a south breakwater having a main arm 1,300 feet long and a shore connection 1,185 feet long, north pier and revetment 2,797 feet long, and south pier and revetment 770 feet long. The breakwater, shore connection, and north pier are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling and are capped with concrete superstructure. The south pier and revetment consists of steel sheet piling with stone fill in pier. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $745,800, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The dredging of the river from near the Maple Street Highway Bridge to Manistee Lake por- tion of the project is considered to be inactive, and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised 1198 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 in 1954, and was estimated to be $16,500. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $87,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Entrance piers_------_------__-...... __ ___ Annual Report, 1867, p. 115. Sept. 19, 1890 Extending the channel 8,000 feet to connect with Annual Report, 1891, p. 2678. Manistee Lake, and further pier extension. July 25, 1912 Depth of 20 feet in the outer harbor, 570 feet wide to H. Doc. 599, 62d Cong., 2d sess. outer end of south pier and 18 feet deep in the river; south breakwater with shore connection; and ex- tension of north pier if required. July 3,1930 Present project dimensions of the channel through S. Doc. 131, 71st Cong., 2d sess. outer basin and channel in the river.' Mar. 2,1945 Removal of old south revetment; construction of new H. Doc. 380, 77th Cong., 1st sess. south pier and revetment; and widening river (contains latest published map). entrance channel. 1 The dredging of the river from near the Maple Street Highway Bridge to Manistee Lake is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. The act of July 3, 1930, provided "that no work shall be undertaken on the section of the river through and above the bridges until they have been modified in a manner satisfactory to the Secretary of War." The Smith Street Bridge and the railroad bridge have been rebuilt, but the Maple Street Highway Bridge has not been rebuilt. All other requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There is a Government wharf and a private sand wharf on the north side of the river and a package-freight wharf with warehouse and a coal wharf on the south side. Industries on Manistee Lake have wharves used for handling coal, salt, building materials, and pulpwood. The city has provided a wharf on the south side of the river for general public use. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made in April 1955 at a cost of $1,441. Dredging of the project, usually performed annually, was postponed because the mild winter experienced failed to produce the shoaling anticipated. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for dredging the river to project dimensions from about 800 feet below Maple Street Highway Bridge to Manistee Lake. This cannot be done until Maple Street Bridge has been rebuilt and until a large part of the river banks are revetted by private interests. The north pier and revetment, completed in 1893, the south breakwater and shore connections, completed in 1920, and the south pier and revetment, completed in 1950, are in generally good condition. Pile clusters should be placed along the north pier for protection from vessels. Dredging of the outer basin and the river channel to a point about 800 feet below Maple Street Bridge to existing project depth was commenced in October 1939 and completed in May 1940. Re- moval of old south revetment, construction of new south pier and revetment, and widening of the river entrance channel was com- menced in June 1949 and completed in June 1950. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 23 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1199 in the outer basin, and in the channel between the piers, thence 21 feet in the river to Manistee Lake. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work---- ----------------------------------- $745, 774 Maintenance-------------------------------------------924, 962 Total --------------------------------------------- 1, 670, 736 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated---___........ -$9, 094 -$2, 489 ---------------------------------- $1, 100, 773 Cost---------------- -- 1, 918 ----------------- ............ - --- - 1, 100, 773 Maintenance: Appropriated..---------.. 2, 000 20, 500 $59, 100 $57, 000 $1, 400 1, 077, 527 Cost------------------ 1, 922 21, 979 19, 795 2 71, 170 2, 742 1,075, 872 1 Includes $354,999 for new work and $150,910 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal year $93,078, less pending adjustment of $1,301; less stock on hand June 30, 1953, included in 1954 costs, $20,607. s Operations and results during fiscal year $1,441, plus pending adjustment of $1,301. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project ------_-__- __- _ 0 (1) IDoes not include $16,500 for the inactive portion of the project. 18. PORTAGE LAKE IHARBOR, OF REFUGE, MANISTEE COUNTY, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 186 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 37 miles northerly from Ludington. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 777.) Existing project. This provides for a harbor of refuge, with an entrance channel from Lake Michigan to Portage Lake, 300 feet wide and 18 feet deep, protected by stone-filled timber crib and pile piers and revetments. The piers and revetments have been provided with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonable changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $256,129. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879 (Annual Report for 1879, p. 1634). The latest published map is in House Document No. 588, 64th Congress, 1st session. 363037-55-vol. 2- 76 1200 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Recommended modifications of project. Legislation authorizing the abandonment of the project for this harbor is recommended in House Document No. 588, 64th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are inexpensive landing places at the inner end of Portage Lake. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and the use of Government plant at a total cost of $192 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was substan- tially completed in 1912. The piers and revetments were completed in 1901. The dredging was completed in 1912 except for a small amount of hard material in the inner half of the channel. The piers and revetments are in good condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 8.8 feet at the harbor entrance and 11 feet in a channel about 100 feet wide between the piers to Portage Lake. The costs have been as follows: Regular funds: New work ------------------------------------------------- $256,129 Maintenance------------------------- ----------------------- 461, 503 Tota-----------------------------------------------------717, 632 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... ------------------- ------------------------------------------------ $256, 129 Cost_------------------------------ ------------------------------------ 256,129 Maintenance: Appropriated..----- ----....... -$1, 506 ------------ $2,000 ....-------- $500 462,135 Cost---............------------ --...... 262 ------------ 1, 118 $559 192 461,503 19. FRANKFORT HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the east shore of Lake Michigan, dis- tant about 204 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 28 miles northerly from Manistee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 77.) Existing project. This provides for an exterior basin in Lake Michigan, formed by 2 breakwaters, 450 feet apart at the outer ends, diverging at an angle of about 900, the main arm and the shore con- nection on the north breakwater being 972 and 1,000 feet in length, respectively, and the main arm and the shore connection of the south breakwater being 1,188 and 1,400 feet in length, respectively; for the removal of 801 feet of the north and 1,172 feet of the south pier; dredging the basin 20 feet deep and 800 feet wide at the entrance, decreasing toward the new pierheads to 600 feet wide; dredging the channel between the piers 18 feet deep to Lake Betsie (Aux Becs Seies); and dredging to a depth of 18 feet, to within 50 feet of exist- RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1201 ing structures, that area in Lake Betsie west of the east boundary of Fifth Street extended. The breakwaters and shore connections are built of concrete caissons and piling capped with concrete. The inner piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all having been capped with concrete, except for 251 feet of the south revetment which consists of steel sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tem- porary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,741,827. The latest (1954) approved estimated annual cost of maintenance is $80,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23,18661 A new outlet of 12 feet deep protected by piers and H. Doc. 482, 55th Cong., 2d sess. revetments. Mar. 3,1925 Exterior breakwaters. removal of portions of piers, H. Doc. 208, 68th Cong., 1st sess. and for present project dimensions of channel. Aug. 26,1937 Dredging the area in Lake Betsie----..........-------------....... H. Doc. 511, 74th Cong., 2d sess.2 1 Amended 1868, 1879, and 1892. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The railroad terminal, consisting of two car- ferry slips, is on the south side at inner end of the entrance channel. There are also several fishing wharves. The city has constructed a wharf on the north side of Lake Betsie available for boats of shallow draft. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,349 during the spring of 1955, and due to the mild winter experienced, it was found unnecessary to perform the usual annual dredging to maintain the desired depths. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1939. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection, removal of a portion of the south pier, and dredging of the south half of the channel to existing project depth, were commenced in May 1928, and completed in October 1931. The north breakwater and shore con- nections, removal of a portion of the north pier and dredging the re- mainder of the channel, to existing project depth, were commenced in April 1932, and completed in October 1932. Dredging of the area in Lake Betsie was commenced in May 1939, and completed in July 1939. The breakwaters, shore connections, and revetments are in generally good condition; the inner piers require repairs. The con- trolling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 22 feet at harbor entrance, thence decreasing through the outer basin to 20 feet at lakeward end of the inner piers and thence 18 feet in the 1202 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 channel between the inner piers and revetments to Lake Betsie. The depth over the dredging area in Lake Betsie was 16.8 feet. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work---------------- ------------------------------- $1, 741, 827 Maintenance------------------------------------------------ 695, 071 Total------------------------ ------------- 2, 43, 698 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated------------------------ ----------------------------------- $1,741,827 Cost--- ----------------------------------------- ----------------- 1,741,827 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $33, 500 $4, 500 $3, 300 $21, 100 -$1, 600 695, 555 Cost----------------- 80, 007 1, 494 2, 977 i 18, 634 2 3, 580 695,071 1 Operations and results during fiscal year $20,865 less pending adjustment of $2,231. 9 Operations and results during fiscal year $1,349, plus pending adjustments of $2,231. 20. LELAND HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the east shore of Lake Michigan at the mouth of Carp (Leelanau) River, Mich., distant about 240 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 40 miles northerly from Frank- fort. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 705.) Existing project. This provides for the removal of the wrecked outer portions of the old privately owned piers; for the construc- tion of new piers converging from shore to an entrance 60 feet wide, the lengths to be 370 and 440 feet for the north and south piers, respectively; and for an entrance channel 6 feet deep and 40 feet wide, the inner end of channel being abotut 300 feet inside of the harbor entrance. The new piers are built of piling filled with stone. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluc- tuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $64,181. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 23, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project docu- ment. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are privately owned wharves on each side of the inner harbor extending from the dam, located about 400 feet above the mouth of the river, for a distance of about 200 feet downstream, used principally by the local fishing interests and to RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1203 some extent by Government mail, Coast Guard, and lighthouse boats. All available dockage space is utilized. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $970, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. Construction of the converging piers, removal of the outer portions of the old privately owned piers, and dredging of the entrance channel were commenced in September 1936, and com- pleted in June 1937. The upper portions of the converging piers require repairs. The remaining portions of the private piers are in poor condition. Prior to the work done by the Government the harbor had been built and maintained entirely by local interests. Carp River, about 4,000 feet long, connects Leelanau Lake with Lake Michigan. There is a concrete dam with a 10-foot head about 400 feet above the river mouth. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 10.1 feet at entrance, re- ducing thence to 3.1 feet at the inner end of the channel through outer harbor, and 1.0 feet in river to the dam. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work--------------------------------------------$64,181 Maintenance------------------------------------------- 78, 250 Total---- --------------------------- ---- 142, 431 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated----- ------------ ---------------------- ---------- -----------. $64,181 Cost--------------------------------------------- ------------------------ 64,181 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... -$192 ------------ $37, 800 $450 -$300 78, 252 Cost .....------------ -----. 287 ------------ 36,411 1566 2 971 78,250 1 Operations and results during fiscal year $567, less pending adjustment of $1. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $970, plus pending adjustment of $1. 21. TRAVERSE CITY HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the south end of the West Arm of Grand Traverse Bay, distant about 45 miles southwesterly from Charlevoix and 92 miles northerly from Frankfort. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 706.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a basin 600 feet wide and 1,000 feet long with depth of 14 feet in the outer 500 feet of the area and 10 feet in the remainder, protected by a breakwater about 1,300 feet in length, on the west side of the West Arm about 11/4 miles north of the city limits. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- 1204 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 21/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $239,557. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 546, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Elmwood Township, Leelanau County, has provided a wharf open to all on equal terms. There are 2 privately owned coal wharves, 2 privately owned wharves for the receipt of petroleum products, and a small municipal yacht harbor beyond the limits of the existing project. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $456, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in August 1951. Construction of the breakwater commenced in May 1950, and was completed in August 1951. Dredging of the mooring basin commenced in August 1950, and was completed in December 1950. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 14 feet in the outer half of the basin and 10 feet in the inner half. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work-------------------------------------------------$239, 557 Maintenance------------------------------------------------- 2, 485 Total ---------------------------------------- ------------ 242, 042 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-- _ --- -- $1, 730 -$3, 713 . .. " .....------------ -. $239, 557 Cost ----------------- ...... 117,441 7, 941 . .....-------------------------- ---------- 239, 557 Maintenance: Appropriated _ __ _ _......... _.......... I $2, 000 $750 -$200 2, 550 Cost_--------------_ -----__--------- 1,162 1866 2 457 2, 485 1 Operations and results during fiscal year $867, less pending adjustment of $1. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $456, plus pending adjustment of $1. 22. CHARLEVOIX HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 276 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 75 miles northerly from Frankfort. (See United States Survey Chart No. 789.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 18 feet deep from that depth in Lake Michigan to that depth in Lake Charlevoix pro- tected where needed by piers and revetments. The piers at the en- trance are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and rubblestone, being 781 feet and 452 feet in length on north and south sides, respectively. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1205 The entire south pier and the outer 303 feet of the north pier have been provided with concrete superstructure. The revetments are built of piling and are capped with concrete. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 1 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $82,223. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $17,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 14,1876 Channel from Lake Michigan to Round Lake, pro- S. Ex. Doc. 16, 44th Cong., 1st tected where needed by piers and revetments. sess., and Annual Report, 1876, p. 523. Aug. 2,1882 Channel from Round Lake to Lake Charlevoix....... No prior survey or estimate. June 13,1902 Project depth increased to 15 feet ----------- _------- Do. June 20,1938 Project depth increased to 18 feet---------------- S. Doc. 163, 75th Cong., 3d sess. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. These consist of several small landing places in Round Lake at Charlevoix used for handling fish and miscellaneous commodities. The city of Charlevoix has provided a public wharf south of the inner end of the lower south revetment. A wharf for receipt of petroleum products is located on the west end of Lake Charlevoix. There are coal wharves at Advance and Boyne City at the inner end of Lake Charlevoix. The city of Boyne City has pro- vided a public wharf for small craft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Condition of the channel surveys were made during 1955 at a cost of $695. The contract for reconstruction of 152 feet of south revetment was completed in July 1954 with a cost chargeable in the amount of $944 to the operations in this fiscal year. Total cost was $1,639 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1939. The north pier and revetment of the lower channel were completed in 1880, and the south pier and revetment in 1889. The revetments of the upper channel were completed in 1885. Dredging of both channels to existing project depth, was commenced and com- pleted in August 1939. The north revetment of the upper channel has been entirely removed, a portion being removed in 1928 and the remainder in 1930. The piers and revetments of the lower channel and the south revetment of the upper channel are in fair condition. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 1.8 feet in the lower channel to Round Lake and in the upper channel to Lake Charlevoix. 1206 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AR1IY, 1955 The costs of existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work------------------------------------$82, 223 Maintenance------- ------------------ ------------------ 475, 106 Total---------- -------------- 557, 329 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated------------------- -------------------------------- ------------ $82, 223 Cost----------- ------ ---------------------------------------- ------------ 82, 223 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- - -$688 $1, 000 $4, 100 $68, 750 $1, 000 475, 725 Cost----------------- - 1, 805 501 3, 348 169, 031 s 1, 352 475,106 'Operations and results during fiscal year $68,744, plus pending adjustment of $287. 'Operations and results during fiscal year $1,639, minus pending adjustment of $287. 23. ST. JAMES HARBOR, BEAVER ISLAND, MICH. Location. This harbor is located in a bay near the northeast corner of Beaver Island, which is in the northerly end of Lake Michigan, about equidistant from the Upper and Lower Peninsulas of Michigan, 42 miles westerly from the Straits of Mackinac and 32 miles north- westerly from Charlevoix, Mich. (See United States Survey Chart No. 704.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel, 150 feet wide and 14 feet deep at low water datum, through the northwesterly portion of the shoal which extends entirely across the northerly por- tion of a sheltered bay, to provide accesss to the deep water area in the northerly end of the bay. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Mich- igan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of tempo- rary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of Federal cost for new work (1955) is $43,000 and $7,500 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1952) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that re- sponsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will: a. Contribute $7,500 in cash toward the first cost of protective structures and dredging. b. Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States and in RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1207 accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. c. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body em- powered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities (exclusive of Federal property) with the understanding that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. d. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the works. e. Provide without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, necessary for the construction of the project, including suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as required. Local interests were notified on March 3, 1945, of the required con- ditions and requested to furnish assurances that they will be met. Negotiations for compliance are in progress. Terminal facilities. These consist of several small wharves used by the local fishing interests, 1 lumber wharf, and 3 package freight wharves with warehouses. While these facilities are considered fairly adequate for existing commerce, a suitable wharf open to all on equal terms should be provided. Operations and results during fiscal year. There were no opera- tions during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on the ex- isting project. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year, across the shoal area, was about 7 feet. There have been no costs or expenditures on the existing project. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------- $43, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-----------------------------------------------43, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------1 $7,500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 19567-----------------------------------------------, 500 1 Anticipated contribution. 24. THE INLAND ROUTE, MICH. Location. The Inland Route, consisting of a series of inter-con- nected lakes and streams in the northern tip of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, extends from Conway at the western end of Crooked Lake near the shore of Lake Michigan, to Cheboygan to the Lake Huron end of the Straits of Mackinac, a distance of about 35 miles. Crooked and Indian Rivers are connecting channels in the waterway. Existing project. This provides for improvement of Crooked and Indian Rivers, Mich., and connecting lakes and channels to provide a channel 5 feet deep below the surface of the water when Crooked Lake, Burt Lake, and Mullet Lake are at low water datum, and gen- 1208 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 erally 30 feet wide with necessary widening at the bends, from Con- way at the west end of Crooked Lake to the navigation lock in Cheboy- gan River with suitable jetties at the head of Indian River, and in Pickerel Channel from Pickerel Lake to Crooked Lake. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $266,000, ex- cluding $85,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1953) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $3,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, in accordance with House Document No. 142, 82d Congress, 1st session (which contains the latest published maps). Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of Sep- tember 3, 1954, is subject to the condition that construction of the improvement shall not be undertaken until responsible local interests have given assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) furnish without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; (c) establish a com- petent and properly constituted public body empowered to control the use and development of boating facilities along the Inland Route; (d) provide and maintain suitable mooring, supply, and landing fa- cilities which shall be open to all on equal terms; (e) maintain and operate the navigation lock in Cheboygan River in a manner satis- factory to the Secretary of the Army; and (f) make a cash contribu- tion of approximately 36 percent, but not to exceed $85,000, of the first cost of construction of the project works. The assurances of local cooperation have not been furnished or requested. Terminal facilities. No facilities for the transfer of freight exist along the Crooked and Indian Rivers, as the streams have carried no freight tonnage for many years. Numerous small privately owned timber piers and wharves, some equipped with covered boat wells for servicing and storing recreational craft, have been constructed along the waterway. Landings maintained by hotel and resort oper- ators are available to the public without charge for transfer of pas- sengers. Public docks are located at Conway and Oden on Crooked Lake, the village of Indian River, Topinabee, and Mullett Lake Vil- lage on Mullett Lake, and at Cheboygan. Approximately 30 high- ways dead end at the water's edge, permitting public access to the water for all kinds of marine activities. Existing docking facilities are considered adequate for present and reasonably prospective traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No planning or new work construc- tion has been undertaken, and no costs have been incurred. Under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, the Crooked River was improved in 1948 to provide a channel 30 feet wide and 4 feet deep. The controlling depth of the other sections of the Inland Route was about 4 feet in 1948. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1209 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956.... $241, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_ -----.---------. .-- --..- 25, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS -Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------- 1$85, 000 1 Anticipated contribution. 25. CHEBOYGAN HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the lower reach of the Cheboy- gan River and is about 100 miles distant from Alpena, Mich., in a northwesterly direction. The river, which is 51/2 miles long, has its source in Mullett Lake, from which it flows in a northerly direction, emptying into the Straits of Mackinac, Lake Huron. The improved portion is about 11/2 miles in length. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Previous projects. The original project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified by River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details of previous projects, see page 1956 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1546 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 21 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 21-foot contour in Lake Huron to the outer end of the west pier, thence between lines parallel to and 25 feet from the docks, 21 feet deep from this point to East First Street and 18 feet deep to the State Road bridge, and thence 81/2 feet deep and 60 feet wide from this bridge to the lock in the Cheboygan River, and for a turning basin 21 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 420 to 770 feet long on the east side of the existing project channel just below East First Street. The length of the section included in the project is about 12,000 feet, of which about 6,000 feet is in Lake Huron. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Each year the level of the river rises and falls about 3 feet. From day to day the level changes somewhat, due to wind and barometric pressure, such as changes sometimes amounting to a foot or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, was $380,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3,1896 18 ,-foot channel----- ---------------------- -- Annual Rept., 1895, p. 2823. Mar. 2,1907 88-foot channel...........-----------------------------H. Doc. 537, 50th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26,1937 Turning basin ..------------------------------- H. Doc. 134, 75th Cong., 1st sess. May 17,1950 21-foot channel to East 1st St., enlarging turning H. Doc. 269, 81st Cong., 1st sess. basin and deepening to 21 ft. (contains latest published maps). 1210 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIIY 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of project. For modification approved May 17, 1950, responsible local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary fo the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; and (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works. Terminal facilities. The harbor has one dock of about 1,000 feet in length, which is privately owned but open to all vessels upon equal terms. There are also several other docks of less than 100 feet in length which are privately owned and used. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operationand results during fiscal year. Sounding survey of re- connaissance scope was made over the entire project during June 1955 at a cost of $479, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, except for deepening the channel from the 21-foot contour in Lake Huron to East First Street, and enlarging and deepening the turning basin, was com- pleted in 1939. The outer end of the Old Slab pier was riprapped in 1921. During August 1951, the channel from East First Street to Lake Huron was restored to 18.5-foot depth, and the turning basin to 18-foot depth. The controlling depth from East First Street to State Road is 18.5 feet, and from State Road to upper limit of im- provement is 5.5 feet. Light draft boats navigate a further distance of 30 miles on a waterway (the Inland Route) improved by the United States and by local interests under a State law. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds : New work------- ---------------------------------- $112, 682 Maintenance ------------------------------------------- 133, 790 Total------------ ----------- --------------------- 246, 472 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated----.......-------- ------------ ------------------------------------ 1$242, 510 Cost--------------- ------- ---------------------------- ------------- 242, 510 Maintenance: --- Appropriated-----....... $38, 971 --------------------............------- - -- $1, 500 134, 811 Cost------------------ 38,971 .....------------------------------------ 479 133,790 1Includes $129,828.24 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_---------------- $267, 300 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1211 26. AU SABLE HARBOR AND HARBOR OF REFUGE AT AU SABLE RIVER (OSCODA), MICH. Location. The Au Sable River, with the village of Oscoda, Mich., situated near its mouth, is located on the westerly shore of Lake Huron, .about 8 miles north of Au Sable Point at the entrance to Saginaw Bay. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Previous project. The previous project was authorized in 1866 and modified in 1879. For further details, see pages 336 and 2453 of the Annual Report for 1892. Existing project. This provides for riprapping at the outer 200 feet of the existing north pier at the mouth of the Au Sable River, dredging an entrance channel 12 feet in depth and dredging the chan- nel between the piers and upstream to the State Highway bridge to a ,depth of 10 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum in Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $160,000, exclud- ing $16,400 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. For latest published map, see House Docu- ment 446, 78th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the condition that responsible local agen- cies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will- (1) Contribute $16,400 in cash toward the first cost of protective structures and dredging. (2) Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suit- able and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. (3) Establish a competent and properly constituted public body, empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities, with the understanding that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. (4) Hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the works. (5) Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project, includ- ing suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as required. It is further provided that no work shall be done by the United States at this harbor until the prescribed requirements for local co- operation have also been complied with at the following additional projects in this area: Hammond Bay, Mich., and Harrisville, Mich. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Waterways Commission and were approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. Terminal facilities. Seven small timber pile docks are used pri- marily as fishing terminals by their owners. Ample space for mooring small craft is available along the face of old cribbing, and present 1212 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 terminals are considered adequate for all existing or reasonably pros- pective commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition-of-the- channel and prior-to-dredging sounding surveys were made over this project at a cost of $36.00. Advance field work and design for recon- struction of the north and south jetties were accomplished at a cost of $663. The U. S. bucket dredge Tompkins operated in the project from June 21 to the close of the fiscal year removing 7,861 cubic yards, scow measure, at a cost of $14,190. The total cost during the fiscal year was $14,789, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project has not been constructed but the entrance channel is being maintained under the previous project to allow passage of the U. S. Air Force crashboats based in the river. The existing jetties have deteriorated to the point where they afford little or no protection from wave action during storms and are ineffective in intercepting litoral drift from entering the channel. The controlling depth at the present time is about 7.5 feet below low water datum, from the State Highway Bridge through the entrance channel. The controlling depth could be reduced to about 3.0 feet in a very short period of time as a result of severe storm from either northeasterly or southeasterly direction. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work (existing project) --------------- __ $100 Maintenance (previous project) ------------------------ ----- 91, 156 Total_-------------------------- -------------------- 91,256 Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---......----... -- $7, 900---------- ............---------------------------------....................... 1$114, 886 Cost------------------ Maintenance: 100 --------------------- -. ---...... 1114,886 Appropriated---- ----........- 18, 367 $700 $22, 300 $35, 000 $40, 000 116, 367 Cost- ...----------------- 18, 367 700 22, 300 35, 000 14, 789 91,156 1Includes $114,786 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project -------------------- $159, 900 27. SAGINAW RIVER, MICH. Location. This river is formed by the union of the Tittabawassee and Shiawassee Rivers, is about 22 miles long, and flows in a northerly direction and into the south end of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, June 23, 1874, June 18, 1878, March 3, 1879, August 2, 1882, and August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1957 of Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 1550 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a new entrance channel 24 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1213 deep and 350 feet wide from the 24-foot contour in Saginaw Bay to the mouth of Saginaw River, generally along a straight line from Gravelly Point Shoal Light to the river mouth; thence a channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Detroit and Mackinac Railway bridge at Bay City; thence 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Sixth Street Bridge in Saginaw, thence 161/2 feet deep to the junction with the Tittabawas- see River, a distance of about 29 miles; for 3 turning basins, one 20 feet deep, at Essexville, about 11.5 acres in extent, generally semicircular in shape with a radius of 660 feet and maximum length of 1,350 feet; one 20 feet deep, at Carrollton, about 4 acres in extent, 900 feet long and 100 to 300 feet wide; and one 15 feet deep by 360 feet wide, varying from 690 feet to 420 feet in length, adjacent to the east side of the exist- ing channel between Court Street and Bristol Street Bridges; and for elimination from the authorized project, of the existing entrance chan- nel in Saginaw Bay upon completion of the new entrance channel. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is taken at 578.5 feet above mean tide level at New York. Due to storms, the level of the river at its mouth rises and falls about 3 feet. Spring freshets and excessive rains have caused an abnormal rise of as much as 14 feet at Saginaw. Occasionally a considerable change takes place within a few hours, resulting from the raising or lowering of Saginaw Bay by violent winds. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $7,472,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $100,000, exclusive of the estimated increase in maintenance cost for the modifi- cations authorized by the act of September 3, 1954. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 200 feet wide, with depths of 183 feet in the H. Doe. 740, 61st Cong., 2d sess. bay and 16i feet in the river. July 3,1930 Project depth of 184 feet extended up the river to Rivers and Harbors Committee Saginaw. Doc. 30, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Turning basin------------------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 21, 75th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published maps). June 20,1938 Present project channel dimensions from the bay to H. Doc. 576, 75th Cong., 3d sess. the Sixth Street Bridge in Saginaw. Sept. 3,1954 New channel in bay, 350 feet wide and 24 feet deep, H. Doc. 500, 83d Cong., 2d sess. from 24-foot contour to mouth of river; project depth o 124 feet in river channel up to Detroit & Mackinac Railway bridge ;project depth of 22 feet in river channel up to Sixth Street Bridge; turning basins at Essexville and Carrollton, and elimina- tion of present channel in Bay. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of project. The modification approved September 3, 1954, is subject to the condition that local interests agree to (a) provide free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; and (c) accomplish without expense to the United States, alterations as 1214 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 required in sewer, water supply, drainage and other utility facilities, including commercial cable and pipeline crossings. Terminal facilities. The terminals are centered at Bay City and Saginaw, Mich. At Bay City, which includes Essexville, there are 36 piers, wharves, and docks. At Saginaw, which includes Milwaukee and Carrollton, there are 20 such facilities. Of the total of 56 ter- minals, 17 are used for receiving bulk commodities, 8 are used for handling petroleum products, 9 are moorings or landings for small craft, and 22 are not in use. A terminal at Carrollton, Mich., is a pub- lic bulk handling and storage plant. These terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition-of-the- channel and prior-to-dredging sounding surveys were made over this project during April 1955. The cost of this work and repairs and replacements to the control system was $42,972. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the Saginaw Bay Channel of the project from June 1 through the end of the fiscal year removing 148,164 cubic yards, bin measure, of material at a cost of $60,908. Total costs during the fiscal year were $103,880, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in April 1942 except for the work authorized in the act of September 3, 1954. The present controlling depth in the bay section channel is 20.0 feet over the center 120 feet width. Project depths are generally available in the river section channel from the mouth of the river to the Sixth Street Bridge in Saginaw, Mich. Consid- erable shoaling has occurred in the river section channel and the turning basin between the Sixth Street and Court Street Bridges in Saginaw, Mich. The controlling depth in this section is 15.5 feet. The portion of the project upstream of the Court Street Bridge is not maintained. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work----------------------------------------------- $2,081, 580 Maintenance----------------------------------------------- 1,930, 294 Total --------------------------------------------------- 4, 011, 874 Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated -- ------------------------------- -------------- .......---------- 1 $3, 044,136 Cost-___--------------- ----- ---------------------------------------------- 1 3,044,136 Maintenance: Appropriated --........ $90, 000 -$3, 700 $37, 050 $59, 000 $97, 200 1, 935, 877 Cost----------------- 213,600 16,354 34,657 49,130 103,880 1,930,294 1 Includes $962,556 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___ -- $5,390, 400 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1215 28. PORT AUSTIN HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the west shore of Lake Huron at the extreme eastern limit of Saginaw Bay, about 29 miles across the bay from the mouth of the Au Sable River (Oscoda). (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for a harbor of refuge at the mouth of Bird Creek, consisting of a harbor basin dredged to a depth of 10 feet protected by breakwater structure and for dredging an entrance channel to the harbor basin to a depth of 12 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Hu- ron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $1,350,000, ex- cluding $172,100 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1945) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $750. The existing project was authorized by River and Harbor Act ap- proved March 2, 1945. For latest published map see House Docu- ment No. 446, 78th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the condition that responsible local agen- cies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) Contribute $172,100 in cash toward the first cost of protective structures and dredging. (2) Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suit- able and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. (3) Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of har- bor facilities, with the understanding that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. (4) Hold and save the United States free from damages due to con- struction and maintenance of the works. (5) Provide, without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project, in- cluding suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as required. It is further provided that no work shall be done by the United States at this harbor until similar prescribed requirements for local cooperation at Port Sanilac, Mich., have also been complied with. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Waterways Commission and were approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. The Michigan State Waterways Commis- sion has contributed in the amount of $28,000 for advance planning. Terminal facilities. There are no terminal facilities at Port Austin. Operations and results during fiscal year. There were no opera- tions during the fiscal year. 363037-55-vol. 2 77 1216 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Condition at the end of the fiscal year. No construction work has been done. The total cost to date, all for advance planning for new work, has been as follows: United States funds------------------------------------- $3, 500 Contributed by State of Michigan ---------------------- 15, 057 Total ----------------------------------------------- 18, 557 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------- -------- ------------------------------ ----------.... $3, 500 Cost.........------------------ 753 4, 497 ------------- ------------------- 3, 500 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- $433, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------------- 433, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------___ 913, 500 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: ............ ------........------------------------------------ Appropriated------------------- $28,000 Cost..-------------- ------------- $4, 497 ------------ $267 -$6 15,051 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------_ $12, 949 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - -. 1144, 100 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ ---------------------------------- 157, 049 1 Anticipated contribution. 29. PORT SANILAC HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the southwest shore of Lake Huron, about 30 miles north of Port Huron, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for the formation of a harbor of refuge protected by breakwater structures extending to the 12-foot depth contour in the lake; for dredging a harbor basin, 10 feet in depth, and for dredging an entrance channel 12 feet in depth. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The cost of new work for the completed project was $538,650, excluding $130,100 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $6,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act RIVERS AND HARBORS--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1217 approved March 2, 1945. For latest published map, see House Docu- ment 446, 78th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. One small privately owned, stone-filled, tim- bered-crib dock is used principally as a fishing terminal by the owner. A municipally owned timber pier, extending about 150 feet lakeward, with a 50-foot extension on one side and a 40-foot extension on the other side, is open to all vessels on equal terms. Terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. An adjustment was made in the fiscal year 1954 costs, in the amount $184 (credit). Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project began April 24, 1950, and was completed May 25, 1951. Project depths are generally available over all of the dredged anchorage area and en- trance channel, except for a strip along the west edge at the north end of the anchorage area, 200 feet wide and 350 feet long, where the controlling depth is about 4.0 feet. The breakwaters are in good condition except that minor cracks and holes have formed in the blacktop covers of the individual cells as a result of frost and wave action.. The total costs have been as follows: New work : United States funds_----------------------------------------- $538, 650 Contributed by the State of Michigan-------------------------- 130, 100 Total------------------------------------------------------668,750 Maintenance------------------------------------------------------ 1,291 Total, all funds___-------------------------------------------670, 041 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------- $228, 250 -$25, 000 .----------------------------------- $668, 750 Cost----------------- 414, 361 3, 140 $36, 572 ------------- Maintenance: 668, 750 Appropriated--------- ------------ ------------ 275 1, 200 1, 475 Cost---- ------------ --------------- 275 1, 200 -$184 1, 291 1Includes $130,100 costs for new work from contributed funds. 30. BLACK RIVER, MICH. Location. This river has its source in the northern part of Sanilac County, Mich., is about 60 miles long, and flows in a southeasterly di- rection into the St. Clair River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 43.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, and August 11, 1888. For further details see page 1441 of Annual Report for 1916, and 1554 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 20 feet deep from deep water in St. Clair River to the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge, 160 feet wide at the mouth, decreasing to 100 feet about 800 1218 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 feet from the mouth, thence 100 feet wide for 2,600 feet, decreasing to 75 feet for a distance of 4,800 feet at upper end; widening 2 bends to 100 feet, 1 at the foot of 12th Street, and the other below the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge; and for a settling basin 75 feet wide and 20 feet deep, beginning at the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge in Port Huron and extending upstream a distance of about 2,300 feet. The length of the section included in the project is 10,500 feet. The project depth is referred to local low water datum in the St. Clair River at the mouth of the Black River, which is 577.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Each year the level of the river rises and falls from 4 to 6 feet, due to the fact that spring freshets raise the level considerably above the normal. The level also changes from day to day, due to winds, such changes amounting to several inches. The cost of new work for the work completed, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $54,500. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The project modification authorized by the Act of August 30, 1935, is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost for new work. The cost of this modification was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $194,000, exclusive of $194,000 to be contributed by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Channel from mouth to Grand Trunk R R. bridge__ Annual Report, 1889, p. 2291. July 13, 1892 Channel from Grand Trunk RR. bridge to Washing- No printed report. ton Ave. 1 Sept. 22, 1922 Consolidation of projects for Black River at Port H. Doc. 436, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Huron and mouth of Black River. July 3, 1930 Settling basin.._ _____ _ _ _ _____ __ ___ H. Doc. 162, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30,19352 Deepening channel and settling basin to 20 feet, and Rivers and Harbors Committee widening to 100 feet 2 bends, 1 at the foot of 12th St., Doc. 54, 72d Cong., 2d sess.' the other below the Grand Trunk R R. bridge. I Contains latest published maps. s The portion of the project authorized by this act is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of Au- gust 30, 1935, is subject to the requirement that local interests- (1) contribute one-half of the initial cost of the improvement, (2) provide all lands or easements necessary and requisite to the execution of the project, (3) remove the existing Tenth Street Bridge, or replace it with a satisfactory structure, and (4) furnish satisfactory assurances that the United States will be protected from all claims for damages incident to the improvements. None of the above requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are docks on both sides of Black River, stear its mouth, and between these docks and the upper limit of im- provement there are 5 other docks varying in length from 100 to 500 feet. All docks are privately owned and are restricted to the use of the owners. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- Inerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1219 Operations and results during fiscal year. An obstruction in the form of a fallen tree was removed from the channel. The cost was $89.30, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. All work, except that authorized by the act of August 30, 1935, has been completed. Sounding survey made during April 1950 shows a controlling depth of 18 feet, except for scattered shoals along the channel banks, from the mouth of the river to the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge. In the settling basin the controlling depth decreases from 18 feet at the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge to 10 feet at the upper limit of Federal improvement. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work-------------------------------- $54,474.29 Maintenance_-------------------------- ----- 380, 217.35 Total expenditures-------------------------------------- 434, 691. 64 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: .............------------ Appropriated------------------------------------------------ $140, 323 Cost------- ---- ----------- ---------------------------------- ------------ 140, 323 Maintenance: Appropriated-- -$1, 071------------------------------------$89 392, 226 Cost_----------------- 45, 417 ------------ - _------------- 89 392, 226 1 Includes $85,849 for new work and $12,008 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project (1) 0----------------------- 1 Does not include $194,000 for the inactive portion of the project. 31. ROUGE RIVER, MICH. Location. The river rises in Oakland and Washtenaw Counties, Mich., is about 30 miles long, and flows in a southeasterly direction through Wayne County into the Detroit River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 415.) P'revious projects. Authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 11, 1888 (Annual Report for 1887, pp. 2275-2278); joint resolution of April 11, 1898 (H. Doc. 138, 55th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report for 1898, p. 2605), and the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 289, 59th Cong., 1st sess.). For further details, see page 1530 of Annual Report for 1932, and page 1558 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. A channel 21 feet deep from that depth in Detroit River through the Short Cut Canal, 400 feet wide at the entrance, tapering to 200 feet in a distance of 2,000 feet, thence 200 feet to Maples Road, includ- ing a turning basin, 21 feet deep, near the upper end of the project. b. A channel 25 feet deep from that depth in Detroit River through the mouth of the old chanel upstream for a distance of 1,300 feet, with a width of 240 feet at the mouth, tapering to 100 1220 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 feet at a distance of 800 feet from the mouth, thence 18 feet deep and 100 feet wide for a distance of 1,425 feet, thence 17 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton Railroad bridge, a distance of about 1,550 feet, thence 21 feet deep and 100 feet wide, flaring to 130 feet at the north end of the Peerless Portland Cement Co. wharf, thence 21 feet deep, with width flaring from 130 feet to 150 feet at the junction of the old channel with the Short Cut Canal, suitably widened at the bend opposite the Detroit Sulphite Pulp & Paper Co. plant. The distance from Detroit River to the head of the project at Maples Road is about 3 miles via the Short Cut Canal, and about 41/2 miles via the old channel. The project depths are referred to local low water datum in the Detroit River at the mouth of the Rouge River, which is 572.2 feet above mean tide at New York. The level of this river, except during floods, changes with the level of the Detroit River, which fluctuates to an average extent of about 1.5 feet during the navigation season. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $591,200 ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. Except for dredging of the 25-foot channel to a distance 1,150 feet upstream of the mouth in the old channel, the work authorized in the act of August 30, 1935, is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of the inactive portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $657,800. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $99,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 17-foot channel 1-_ --- - Annual Report, 1887, p. 2275. 2 Aug. 8,1917 21-foot channel via Short Cut Canal-_ H. Doc. 2063, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Aug.30,1935 a 4 25-foot channel at mouth of old channel, the 18-foot Senate committee 2 print, 73d Cong., channel, 1,425 feet in length and adjacent to the 2d sess. latter, and the 21-foot channel extending from the junction of the old channel and Short Cut Canal into the old channel to the Detroit, Toledo & Iron- ton RR. bridge. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published maps. See also map with Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 19, 72d Cong., 1st sess. 8 Including Emergency Relief Administration work authorized May 28, 1935. 4 Except for dredging of the 25-foot channel to a distance 1,150 feet upstream of the month in the old chan- nel, the work authorized in this act is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. The act approved August 30, 1935, provided that no Federal expenditures should be made on the improvements in the old channel until local interests had provided, without cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of-way and had furnished guaranties, satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army, protecting the United States against all damages to adjacent lands and property which may result from dredging operations. Except for the guar- anties protecting the United States against damages to adjacent lands and property along the 25-foot channel, this requirement has not been complied with. All prior requirements fully complied with. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1221 Terminal facilities. There is an iron ore dock near the river's mouth equipped with unloading machinery. The Ford Motor Com- pany has an ore and coal dock near the head of the river improve- ment, with improved type of unloaders. Eight docks fully equipped for handling oil and oil products, and one dock equipped for handling gypsum rock, have been constructed along the river- bank. These docks have good railroad connections. In addition, there are 4 docks owned by sand and gravel companies which have unloading machinery, 1 pulpwood dock, and 1 timber dock. There are 9 docks that receive coal, 7 docks that receive stone, 1 dock that receives coal tar, and 1 dock that ships salt. There are also a number of smaller docks for launches. All docks along the river are pri- vately owned and understood to be restricted to use of the owners. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. The costs of a prior- to-dredging sounding survey made over the entire project during Sep- tember 1954 and studies in connection with the illegal deposit of in- dustrial waste were $7,502. The cost of supervision and administra- tion of the project was $515. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated over the entire project during the period October 11 to November 19, 1954, removing 247,958 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $43,226. This cost was exclusive of the financial participation by industries obtained as a result of the study of illegal deposit of industrial wastes in the following amounts: Ford Motor Company, $16,243; Peerless Cement Corporation, $2,865; Solvay Process Division of the Allied Chemicals Corporation, $4,161. Total financial participation by industries dur- ing the fiscal year was $23,269. Total cost to the Detroit district was $43,226. Total costs during the fiscal year were $51,243, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The 21-foot project, which con- sisted of dredging a 21-foot channel from the Detroit River via the Short Cut Canal to the upper limit of improvement and the con- struction of 5 dolphins at the mouth of the Short Cut Canal, was completed in 1923. The 25-foot project at the mouth of the old channel was started with funds from the Emergency Relief Adminis- tration, but due to shortage of funds, dredging was restricted to a distance of 1,150 feet upstream of the mouth of the old channel. All other work provided for in the act of August 30, 1935, relative to the improvement of the old channel, is held in abeyance until local interests have complied with the terms of local cooperation. The controlling depth of the 21-foot project, via the Short Cut Canal, is 21 feet along the center half of the channel to the turning basin which has a controlling depth of 21 feet except along the chan- nel banks. The controlling depth of the old channel, from its inter- section with the Short Cut Canal to the 25-foot project, is 17 feet. The 25-foot section has a controlling depth of 25 feet, except along the channel banks. All bridges have been altered to comply with the requirements of law. The dolphins at the mouth of the Short Cut Canal are in poor condition; and as they are no longer utilized by navigation 1222 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 interests, further maintenance is not justified and the dolphins should be removed. The head of navigation is determined by a fixed bridge about 2,600 feet above the upper limit of improvement. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds : New work------------------------------------------------- $561, 646 Maintenance ---------------------------------------------- 1, 515, 677 Total----------------------------------------- 2, 077, 323 New work, Emergency Relief Act funds____________ -------------------- 29, 563 Total, all funds------------------------------------------2, 106, 886 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated.........------------------------ ------------ ----------------------........... $641, 292 Cost -------------- ----------------- 641, 292 Maintenance: Appropriated ... ..... $76, 500 $93, 700 $78, 807 $77, 300 $53, 200 1, 575, 051 Cost------------------ 74, 136 96, 326 84, 514 76, 491 51, 243 1, 572, 284 1 Includes $50,082 for new work and $50,608 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_ _- _ _- -- --- 0 (1) 1 Does not include $657,800 for the inactive portion of the project. 32. MONROE HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located on the lower reach of the Raisin River, which empties into Lake Erie at Monroe, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 3.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide in Lake Erie, a distance of about 15,800 feet; thence 21 feet deep and 200 feet wide, with necessary additional widths at bends, in Raisin River, for a distance of about 8,200 feet; thence 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the lower wharves at Monroe, a distance of about 3,800 feet. The project also provides for riprapping of protecting dikes on each side of the channel extending lakeward for a distance of about 1,200 feet; and for a turning basin with an area of about 22 acres and depth of 18 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The level of the river varies with that of Lake Erie, which fluctuates irregularly from year to year, the greatest annual fluctuation being about 2.75 feet and the least about 0.90 of a foot, measured by monthly mean levels. Since 1860, the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the navigation season has been about 4.9 feet. The costs for completed new work have been $687,340, excluding $300,000 contributed by local interest. The'latest (1954) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $45,000. The project feature for riprapping the protecting dikes is consid- RIVERS AND HARBORS DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1223 'ered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this feature was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $90,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Feb. 24, 18351 9-foot channel, protected revetments and piers_ ...--- Annual Report, 1872, p. 237. July 3, 1930 21-foot channel, dikes and turning basin 2-_- . -.-. _ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 22, 71st Cong., 2d sess. July 14, 1932 3 Modified conditions of local cooperation imposed by Rivers and Harbors Committee Aug. 26, 1937 J act of July 3, 1930. Doc. 12, 72d Cong., 1st sess. and Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 45, 75th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map). 1 Modified by act of June 10, 1872. 2 Riprapping of protecting dikes portion of the project is inactive. 3 War Department appropriation act. Local cooperation. All requirements have been met. Terminalfacilities. At the city of Monroe are some small privately owned docks and a municipally owned terminal. These docks are open to all vessels upon equal terms. The Ford Motor Company has its own private dock. The facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Sounding surveys were made over the project at a cost of $777. During the period September 7 to September 20, 1954, 79,767 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material were removed from the turning basin and outer chan- nel with the U. S. hopper dredge Hains at a cost of $4,998 to the Government and $17,124 contributed funds. The total costs to the Government during the fiscal year were $5,775 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1936, except for riprapping of protecting dikes on each side of the channel, which is not considered necessary at the present time. Due to the combined effect of severe storms and continued high water, the dikes have largely disappeared. A sounding made in July and August 1.952 indicates controlling depths of 14.5 feet through the center half of the channel. An afterdredging survey made in October 1952 in- dicates a controlling depth of 13.5 feet in the turning basin. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: New work: United States funds----------------------------------------- $687, 340 Contributed by Port Commission of Monroe--------------------- 300, 000 Total--------------------------------------------------- 987, 340 Maintenance : United States funds ------------------------------------------ 481, 170 Contributed by Consolidated Paper Co------------------------- 80, 841 Contributed by River Raisin Paper Co-------------------------- 39, 167 Total ----------------------------------------------------- 601, 178 Total cost, all funds 588, 518 1--------------------------- 1224 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: --------- Appropriated_ _$687,.340 .------------.------------------------ --------- Cost ---------- --------------------------------------------------------- 687, 340 Maintenance: Appropriated.....--------. $3, 228 --------------------------------- $5, 800 481, 195 Cost----------------- 4, 089 -------------------------------- 5,775 481,170 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount nieeded to be appro- _----------- priated for completion of existing project_------------ 0 (1) 1Does not include $90,000 for the inactive portion of the project. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ......------------- _------------------------------------.------------ $300, 000 Cost---------- --------------------------------------------------------- 300,000 Maintenance: Appropriated-......... $7, 500 $7, 500 $7, 500 $7, 500 $6, 667 126,667 Cost ------------------ 7, 500 ------------ 12, 884 ------------ 17, 124 120, 008 Note. Contributed by: Consolidated Paper Co-----------...........................-----......---------.......................------------------------......... $87, 500. 00 River Raisin Paper Co------..-----------------..............----------------------------------------- 39, 166. 66 126, 666. 66 33. TOLEDO HARBOR, OHIO Location. This harbor comprises the lower 7 miles of Maumee River and the channel about 16.5 miles through Maumee Bay to Lake Erie. The Maumee River has its source in northern Indiana and empties into Lake Erie. The harbor is located at the westerly end of Lake Erie, 99 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 3.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, June 14, 1880, July 5, 1884, August 5, 1886, July 13, 1892, and August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1959 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1565 of Annual Report for 1938. Ewisting project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 500 feet wide from deep water in Lake Erie to the mouth of the Maumee River, with a width of 300 feet on each side of center dike in the bay channel; for a channel 25 feet deep in Maumee River to the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad dock, 400 feet wide from the mouth of the river to the Fassett Street Bridge, and 200 feet wide above that point; for a turning basin at the upper end, 18 feet deep and 8.25 acres in area; RIVERS AND HARBORS--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1225 for a triangular widening at the bend in the channel at the mouth of the river, on the north side of the channel opposite the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway dock, 3,055 feet in length, 460 feet maximum width and 16.2 acres in area; and for removal of the stone-revetted earth dike, 1,000 feet long, forming a foundation for range lights in Maumee Bay. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water level are from 4 feet above to 2 feet below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 9 feet above to 7.6 feet below that plane. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $6,200,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $354,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Auxiliary channel above Fassett Street Bridge, and H. Doc. 198, 55th Cong., 2d sess, the dike in Maumee Bay Channel. and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2693. June 25, 1910 Channel 21 feet deep______--.... ------------ - H. Doc. 865, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of the main channel and Rivers and Harbors Committee turning basin, and eliminated from the project the Doc. 21, 72d Cong., 1st sess. auxiliary channel above Fassett Street Bridge. (contains latest published map.). May 17, 1950 Widening at bend at mouth of river opposite Chesa- H. Doc. 189, 81st Cong., 1st sess. peake & Ohio Ry. dock. (contains latest published maps.). Sept. 3,1954 Removal of dike in Maumee Bay Channel....----------.... H. Doc. 620, 81st Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of the project. For widening at bend opposite Chesapeake & Ohio dock, approved May 17, 1950, and for removal of dike in Maumee Bay Channel, approved September 3, 1954, local interests are required to hold the United States free from damages resulting from the con- struction works. Terminalfacilities. There are 3 large railroad terminals for receipt of ore and 3 for handling coal, 1 fuel dock, 4 docks for handling grain, 5 docks for handling petroleum products, 5 sand and gravel docks, 1 cement dock, 3 private fish docks, and 2 package-freight terminals which are open to all vessels on all terms. The city of Toledo has provided a lagoon, near the mouth of the Maumee River, suitable for winter mooring of vessels. The terminal facilities are regarded as adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition of the channel and prior to dredging sounding surveys were made over the entire project during July and August 1954, and May and June 1955, at a cost of $27,270. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports, including supervision and administration of the project and custody of the harbor, was $1,346. The U. S. hopper dredges Hains, Hoffman, and Taylor operated in the Maumee Bay Channel and the lower portion of the river section 1226 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 channel during the periods August 13 to September 6-September 20 to Odtober 10; August 30 to December 17; and November 12 to De- cember 17, 1954; respectively: removing 203,235, 751,937 and 151,284 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material, respectively. The total quantity of material removed by hopper dredge operations was 1,106,- 456 cubic yards, bin measure, and the total cost of dredging was $327,663. Total costs during the fiscal year were $356,279, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, exclusive of widening the channel opposite the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway dock and removal of the center dike in Maumee Bay, was completed in 1936. Maintenance dredging normally performed during the late summer and fall months usually restores project depth over a center width of 300 feet in the lake section and over about 80 percent of the river channel. Continuous and heavy shoaling usually results in a con- trolling depth of about 23 feet in the bay section channel by the end of the fiscal year. The controlling depth is 16.5 feet in the turning basin. The center dike which forms a foundation for the range lights in Maumee Bay is in poor condition. Removal of the dike has been authorized. The costs for the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds : New work and maintenance prior to 1903 (not separable)--- $1, 410, 262 Maintenance since 1903---------------------------------- 5, 737, 481 Total --------------------------------------------- 7, 147, 743 Public works funds, new work---------------------------3, 690, 000 Total, all funds------- ------------------- ---------- 10, 837, 743 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: , Appropriated---------......... -- ------------ ----------- ------------------------ 1 $6, 724,958 Cost_------ ----------------------------------------------------------- 1 6, 724, 958 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------- $396, 269 $220, 500 $313, 300 $303, 000 $352, 700 5, 739, 047" Cost----------------- 400,026 222,175 312,124 299, 031 356, 279 5, 737, 481 1Includes $1,624,695 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------_-----_ $1, 099, 700 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1227 34. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 Estimated full report amount Name of project see Annual required to Report Construction Maintenance complete for- 2 - -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- - 1. Alpena Harbor, Mich. .. 1951 $328, 451 $114, 519 (1) 2. 3. Arcadia Harbor, Mich...___________......... 2 - Belle River, Marine City, Mich. 3 .... - - _ 1920 1907 -.- 24, 301 63, 000 857 (1) (1) 4. Clinton River, Mich.2---_______ ______ ___ 1939 60, 046 53, 410 (1) 5. Grays Reef Passage, Mich.2_ Mich.a--- 1937 109, 521 (1 )arbor, 6. Hammond Bay Harbor, Mich.s____ _ 1951 19, 833 ...... $896, 167 6 7. Harbor of Refuge 2 at Harbor Beach, Lake Huron, Mich. ____. ______._________ __ 1953 1, 200, 598 1, 496, 523 (1) 8. Harrisville Harbor, Mich.8 ____-......... ..._ 1952 21, 782- - - . 1, 208, 218 8 9. Little Lake Harbor, Mich.8----------------_ 2 1945 ..........----- -....-...... 268, 000 5 10. Mackinac Harbor, Mich. - ... 1953 77, 982 31, 623 (1) 11. Maumee River, Ohio above 2 Toledo 2 3 5 .... 1873 7, 000- -___________ (4) 12. Petosky Harbor, Mich. _________________ 1896 118, 239 91, 666 (1) 13. Pine River, St. Clair City, Mich.2____...-____ 1907 13, 647 1, 031 (1) 14. Point Lookout Harbor, Mich. 8--- - 1951 2, 520 ...........- . 1, 227, 480 8 15. Port Clintoh Harbor, Ohio 2 _ ........ 1951 71, 950 92, 591 ('1) 16. Put-in-Bay, Ohio 2 . -________.___ ________ 1951 51, 747 1, 512 (1) 17. Rogers City Harbor, Mich.2 56------ - -_ 1926 5, 666 193 (7) 18. Sebewaing Harbor and River, Mich.2 ... _ 1917 50, 573 8, 427 (1) 19. St. Joseph River, Mich.2 5_________________ 1923 4, 555 5, 195 (1) 20. Whitefish Point Harbor, Mich...__...________ 1951 8, 920 -------------- 385, 080 1 Completed. 2 Channels adequate for commerce. 3 No commerce reported. 4 Abandonment recommended in 1916 in H. Doc. 668, 64th Cong., 1st sess. b Abandonment recommended in 1926 in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 6 Does not include contributed funds, respectively, as follows: Hammond Bay Harbor, Mich., $89,400; Harrisville Harbor, Mich., $129,500; Little Lake Harbor, Mich., $57,670; Point Lookout Harbor, Mich., $104,500. 7 Project 65 percent complete. 8 Assurances of local cooperation approved on Mar. 22, 1948. 35. RIVER AND HARBOR WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION- PROTECTING, CLEARING AND STRAIGHTENING CHANNELS OF NAVI- GABLE WATERS (SEC. 3 OF THE 1945 RIVER AND HARBOR ACT) Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the allotment not to exceed $300,000 from any appropria- tions made for any one fiscal year for improvement of rivers and harbors, for removing accumulated snags and other debris, and for protecting, clearing, and straightening channels in navigable harbors and navigable streams and tributaries thereof, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is advisable in the interest of navigation or flood control. During the fiscal year an adjustment of costs was made to effect a credit in the amount of $130 for the removal of a boulder, by contract, from an area at the foot of Lake Superior. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated _____-_ _ ______ ... _ _ ------ _ ___ . 1 $187, 200 -$2, 568 $184, 632 Cost__ - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - _ --- _ - -_- - - - - - - -- - '184,762 -130 184,632 1Includes $150,000 appropriation and 79,692 of prior year costs which were transferred from St. Marys River. Note. Costs during fiscal year 1955: Foot of Lake Superior, -$130. 1228 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 36. BATTLE CREEK, KALAMAZOO RIVER, MICH. Location. Kalamazoo River drains an area of about 1,980 square miles in Hillsdale, Jackson, Calhoun, Eaton, Barry, Kalamazoo, Van Buren, Allegan, Kent and Ottawa Counties in southwestern Michigan, and discharges into Lake Michigan about 2 miles downstream from the village of Saugatuck. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 76.) Existing project. This provides for flood protection along the Kalamazoo River at, and in the vicinity of Battle Creek, Mich., to consist generally of excavation and clearing of the Battle Creek Chan- nel to provide for an enlarged channel within the city of Battle Creek extending from above the Union Street Bridge downstream to its junction with the Kalamazoo River; rerouting the Kalamazoo River Channel in the vicinity of Liberty Street and Washington Avenue to bypass the constricted existing channel through the heart of the city; excavation and straightening the Kalamazoo River Channel downstream from the confluence of Battle Creek and the new re- routed Kalamazoo River Channel to below the Fort Custer Water- works Bridge; riprapped or paved channels at critical locations in the new enlarged channels where the velocity of floodflow might be high enough to cause damage; constructing new and reinforcing exist- ing highway and railroad bridges as required, and constructing a sub- merged weir and levees. The project is designed to provide protection for the city of Battle Creek from such peak flood discharges in the channels as would cause, when combined, a discharge of approximately 11,000 cubic feet per second below the confluence of Battle Creek and the Kalamazoo River. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $4,700,000, ex- cluding $118,000 estimated to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) estimate of cost to local interests is $3,253,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved September 3, 1954 (See S. Doc. 98, 83d Congress, 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps). Local cooperation. The Act of September 3, 1954, provides that no money shall be expended on the construction by the United States until responsible local interests have given assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (b) hold and saive the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (c) maintain and operate all the works after completion, including supervision of maintenance and operation of the existing Monroe Street Dam and headrace on the Kalamazoo River, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; (d) prescribe and enforce regulations designed to prevent encroachments on the rights-of-way and improved channels; (e) construct new highway bridges across the new Kalamazoo River cutoff; (f) make all changes and additions to streets, water mains, electric powerlines, sewers, and other utilities necessitated by the improvements; and (g) contribute toward the project in accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary of the Army contained in the project document (S. Doc. 98, 83d Cong., FLOOD CONTROL--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1229 2d sess.) : and provided further that construction of the initial stage of the project as defined in the district engineer's report, at an esti- mated first cost to the United States of $2,676,500, may be undertaken whenever funds are available and the prescribed local cooperation has been provided and whenever, in addition, local interests have agreed to remove, at their own expense concurrently with construction of the first-stage improvement, such buildings from the Battle Creek Chan- nel as in the opinion of the District Engineer may jeopardize the ef- fectiveness of that improvement. At the time of authorization of the improvement the Secretary of the Army recommended in the project document that a cash contribution of $93,000, at report price levels, should be made by non-Federal interests. The city of Battle Creek has indicated willingness to furnish the requirements of local cooperation and has advanced funds in the amount of $105,000 for definite project studies of the improvements in accordance with the River and Harbor Act approved October 15, 1940. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Definite project stu- dies for the improvement were initiated on December 3, 1954, and were about 40 percent completed at the end of the fiscal year. The total costs for the fiscal year were $45,262. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. The total cost to date, all for advance planning for new work, has been as follows: United States funds---------------------------- --- None Advanced by city of Battle Creek ..--------- -------------------- $45, 262 Total ------------------------------------------ 45, 262 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956.... $60, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------------4, 640, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated----------------- ......... ------------------------------........ .. $105, 000 $105, 000 Cost--.. --------------------------------------------------- 45,262 45,262 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -- _---- $58, 738 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-----------------------------------------58, 738 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------------------_------13, 000 1230 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 37. SEBEWAING, SEBEWAING RIVER, MICH. Location. Sebewaing River drains an area of about 105 square miles in Huron and Tuscola Counties on the westerly side of the Thumb area of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan and discharges into Saginaw Bay, an arm of Lake Huron, about 20 miles northeast of the mouth of Saginaw River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for the enlarging of the present channel of the Sebewaing River through the village of Sebewaing,. Mich., to a capacity of 7,500 cubic feet per second from the junction of the Columbia and State drains to a point 4,500 feet lakeward of the railroad bridge near the mouth, for altering the railroad bridge and 3 highway bridges to permit free passage of ice, and for removal of the present dike on the south side of the channel lakeward of the railroad bridge. The project is designed to provide protection for the village of Sebewaing from floods with a frequency of occurrence of once in 15 years and with a magnitude greater than the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941. (See H. doc. 286, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The current (1951) estimated cost of construction is $380,500. The approved estimate (1954) for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. Local cooperation. With the exception of the furnishing of ease- ments, and rights-of-way for the removal of the remaining portion of the dike on the south side of the channel lakeward of the railroad bridge, all requirements of local cooperation have been complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. The continuing stream gaging program and sounding survey to determine the condition of the channel and extent of the shoaling were accomplished at a total cost of $1,611. Minor repairs were made to the stop logs at a cost of $25. Due to the comparatively mild winter and early thaw, removal of ice jams was not required. The total costs for the fiscal year were $1,636 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work required to construct the project is 95 percent complete. The incomplete portion of the project consists of the removal of the remainder of the old earth dike on the south side of the channel lakeward of the railroad bridge. All items. of the project are in good condition with exception of the channel which has shoaled to considerable extent throughout the entire length, and extensively at the upper end of the project and downstream of the railroad bridge. The costs have been as follows: New work------------------------------- --------------- ------- $365, 642 Maintenance---- ------------------------------------ 16, 957 Total ----------------------------------------------------- 382, 599 FLOOD CONTROL-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1231 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .--------- -- $858 ------------ ---------- --------------------- $365, 642 Cost---------------------------------------------------- I.. ----------- 365,642 Maintenance: Appropriated-------... ... 2, 000 $2, 457 $3, 700 $2, 000 $2, 500 18, 657 Cost------------ ----- 2, 263 2, 691 2, 185 2, 957 1, 636 16, 957 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ _-_-___-_-__-_--_ $14, 900 38. RED RUN, CLINTON RIVER, MICH. Location. Red Run, a tributary of South Branch of Clinton River, drains an area of about 70 square miles in Oakland and Macomb Coun- ties, in the southeastern portion of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. Existing project. This provides for enlargement of the channel of Red Run, from the intersection of Campbell and Twelve Mile Roads to the junction with South Branch, a distance of about 12 miles; to a trapezoidal section having side slopes generally of 1 vertical on 2 hori- zontal and a depth, from design-profile water surface (elevation 621 feet above sea level at the junction of Campbell and Twelve Mile Roads and 598 feet at the junction with South Branch) to bottom, of 13 feet; with bottom widths of 40 feet upstream from the junction of Bear Creek, 80 feet below Bear Creek, 100 feet below Beaver Creek, and 125 feet below Plum Brook; with necessary local modifications of side slopes and rectifications of alinement of the channel. The plan of improvement will give substantially complete protection against such damage as has occurred in the past and will result in an increase in the value of property in the areas subject to flooding. The existing project was approved by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 30, 1948. (See H. Doc. 628, 80th Cong., 2nd sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $953,000. The estimated cost to local interests is $3,474,100. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Underpinning work on Fifteen Mile Road and Maple Lane Bridges was completed, Federal costs being $4,950 and $4,441, respectively, for the fiscal year. Prep- aration of the final draft of the Operations Manual for the project was continued at a cost of $553. The total costs during the fiscal year, including accounting for previously completed work and real estate activities in connection with land acquisition, were $11,898, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project facilities have been turned over to the drainage board for operation and maintenance in accordance with requirements of the authorizing legislation. 363037-55-vol. 2- 78 1232 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The costs of the existing project have been as follows: New work : United States funds------------------------------------ $950, 202 Contributed funds---------------------------------------359, 245 Total--------------- ----------- - -1,309, 447 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $2, 204 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------------- 2, 204 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated......... --------------- ------------ $50, 000 ------------------------ $434, 000 Cost ...---------------- $179, 181 $139, 904 27, 133 $1, 578 $1, 408 359, 245 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $74, 755 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--- 755 7---------------------- 39. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Mount Clemens, Clinton River, Mich--------........ 1953 1$1, 136, 008 -.---.--- - (2) 2. Reno-Beach-Howard farm area, Lucas County, _....... Ohio 3-----------. - 1953 4, 467 .............. $529, 533 1 Includes $202,996 contributed funds. 2 Completed. 3Awaiting the appropriation of funds. 4 Does not include required local contribution in the amount of $178,000. 40. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Inspection of the completed local protection flood control projects were made as required at a cost of $527. The total costs have been $1,395. FLOOD CONTROL---DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1233 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955. includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated------.-. ----. .----........ $1, 000 $100 $500 $1, 600 Cost------------. ......------------.....----------------------............ 868 527 1,395 41. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). The operations during the fiscal year pursuant to this authorization consisted of completion of preliminary engineering and planning, and initiation of construction in connection with straightening and deep- ening the channel at the mouth of the Kawkawlin River, Mich. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,374, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .. . . ... .30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------------------........ . ------------------ $38, 000 $38, 000 Cost----------- ----------------------------------- 2,017 $1, 374 3, 391 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------$1, 009 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------- _ 1,009 Small Flood Control Projects not specifically authorized by Congress (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act), Camp Perry, Ohio Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955. includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated----- ----------------------- $150, 000- $150,000 ..----....------------ Cost---------------.......................--- 11,782 $138,218 150,000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... ---- -$95,088 :::::::::::::::::::$125,000 ....----------........ $29, 912 Cost---...............------ --.----...-- -.---...-.--I--.--.--.---$28,670 1,442 29, 912 1234 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 42. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work during the fiscal year was $39,083 for navigation studies; $15,851 for flood control studies; $4,904 United States funds, and $4,186 contributed funds for beach erosion cooperative studies; and $2,263 for special studies; a total of $62,101, United States funds, and $4,186 contributed funds; a grand total of $66,287. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year; amounting to $331 for navigation studies; $7,320 for flood control studies; $896, United States funds, and $114 contributed funds for beach erosion cooperative studies; and $341 for special studies; a total of $9,002 will be applied to continuing work and for payment of unliquidated obligations. The additional sum of $21,700 for navigation studies, $60,000 for flood control studies, and $2,500 for beach erosion cooperative studies; a total of $84,200 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1956. 43. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The cost of work during the fiscal year was $282 for International Water Studies. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $718, will be expended for International Water Studies. The addi- tional sum of $1,500 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1956 for miscellaneous flood investigations. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT The district comprises a portion of northeastern Ohio, northwest- ern Pennsylvania, and western and northern New York, embracing the United States waters of Lake Erie, exclusive of the western end, Lake Ontario, and the St. Lawrence River, with their tributary drainage basins from and including Sandusky Bay, Ohio, to the inter- national boundary line east of Frontier, N. Y. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Sandusky Harbor, Ohio --- 1235 21. Wellsville, Genesee River, 2. Huron Harbor, Ohio_ _--- 1237 N. Y_ __ _ _ _ __ 1282 3. Lorain Harbor, Ohio 1239 22. Mount Morris Reservoir, 4. Cleveland Harbor, Ohio 1242 Genesee River, N. Y__ __ 1283 5. Fairport Harbor, Ohio ... 1245 23. Dansville and vicinity, Gen- 6. Ashtabula Harbor, Ohio - - 1248 esee River, N. Y ........ 1284 7. Conneaut Harbor, Ohio ---- 1252 24. Other authorized flood con- 8. Erie Harbor, Pa__ _ _____ 1254 trol projects_________ 1286 9. Dunkirk Harbor, N. Y_ . 1258 25. Inspection of completed flood 10. Buffalo Harbor, N. Y _. 1260 control works- 1286 11. Black Rock Channel and 26. Flood control work under Tonawanda Harbor, N. Y_ 1263 special authorization .. 1286 12. Little River at Cayuga Is- land, Niagara Falls, N. Y_ 1268 Shore protection 13. Niagara River, N. Y __.. 1269 14. Niagara Remedial Works, 27. Presque Isle Peninsula, Erie, N. Y_____ 1271 Pa_ ___ 1287 15. Rochester (Charlotte) Har- 28. Other authorized shore pro- bor, N. Y_______________ 1273 tection works__ 1289 16. Great Sodus Bay Harbor, N. Y-______ 1274 General Investigations 17. Oswego Harbor, N. Y __- 1276 18. Ogdensburg Harbor, N. Y__ 1279 29. Examinations and surveys_- 1289 19. Other authorized navigation 30. Collection and study of projects__ _______ 1281 basic data______________ 1290 Flood control Miscellaneous activities 20. Batavia and vicinity, Tona- 31. St. Lawrence Seaway De- wanda Creek, N. Y_ ... 1281 velopment Corp...... 1290 1. SANDUSKY HARBOR, OHIO Location. This harbor is located in the southeasterly portion of Sandusky Bay, 55 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 365.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 11, 1844; June 23, 1866; March 3, 1873; July 5, 1884; August 11, 1888; and August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1960 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1574 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer channel 400 feet wide and 21 feet deep from deep water in Lake Erie through Sandusky Bay, a distance of about 3/2 miles, to the city waterfront docks. 1235 1236 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 b. A channel along the waterfront about 7,800 feet long, 300 feet wide, and 22 feet deep, ending in a turning basin generally 800 feet wide and 22 feet deep, and a dike constructed with the excavated rock on the north side of the channel and basin. c. Maintaining a channel to a depth of 22 feet, from the turning basin northward about 3,540 feet, that portion opposite the Pennsyl- vania Railroad coal wharf to a width of 350 feet, and north thereof to a width of 400 feet; thence 300 feet wide northeastward through San- dusky Bay about 7,700 feet, to a junction with the straight channel; no dredging to be done within 50 feet of the face of the wharf. d. Protection works consisting of a stone jetty on the easterly side of the channel, extending northeasterly from Cedar Point, a distance of 6,000 feet, with suitable pierhead; a short stone spur at Cedar Point; and revetment of the slope adjacent to the channel in the vicinity of the inner front light with a brush-and-stone mattress. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 6 feet above to 2.5 feet below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $2,597,258 (excluding $325,000 contributed by local interests), exclusive of amounts expended on pre- vious projects. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $125,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 Construction of channel protection works__------...... - H. Doc. 362, 55th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2708. June 13, 1902 Widening of straight and dock channels and deepen- H. Doc. 120, 56th Cong., 2d sess. ing to 19 feet. Mar. 2,1919 Extension of east jetty to total length of 6,000 feet, H. Doc. 982, 64th Cong., 1st sess. with pierhead on outer end; deepening of the outer, straight, and easterly portion of dock channels to 21 feet, and westerly portion of dock channel to 20 feet. Jan. 21, 1927 Deepening of dock channel to 22 feet_.------------------ H. Doec. 584, 69th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30,19351 Enlargement of turning basin and construction of Rivers and Harbors Committee rock dike. Doc. 2, 73d Cong., 1st sess.2 Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of bay channel to 22 feet; and elimina- H. Doc. 328, 76th Cong., 1st sess.- tion from project of portion of turning basin and rock dike. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, Nov. 15, 1933. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is an extensive coal terminal, consisting of three docks, adjacent to the turning basin at the westerly end of the dock channel open to shippers of coal. Located on the dock channel are 10 private terminals for the handling of sand and gravel, fish, miscellaneous freight, and passengers. The city of Sandusky owns a pier and two small boat basins. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreactional and other small craft. Two docks for passenger boats are located at Cedar Point. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing corm- merce. (See Lake Series No. 4, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1237 Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $13,376. The U. S. hopper dredge Hoffman removed 257,400 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over a length of approximately 7,000 linear feet of the dock and bay channels for restoration of project depth of 22 feet at a cost of $99,415. The total cost for maintenance was $112,791. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1935 at a cost of $2,922,258 (including $325,000 contributed by local interests). The protecting works are generally in poor condition. The east jetty has settled from its original elevation of 4.3 feet to about 1 or 2 feet above low water datum and in some places has settled to below low water datum. The stone in the dike has disintegrated and settled. In many places the dike is down to low water datum. The controlling depth in the straight, outer bar, and bay channels is 21 feet and in the dock channel and turning basin 20 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $4,045,485, of which $2,597,258, including $599,500 public works funds, were for new work and $1,448,227 for maintenance. In addition, $325,000 were expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.................--------------------.................------------------------------------2 $3, 074, 407 Cost. ------- ----------- -------------- ---------------- -----.------------ 1 3, 074, 407 Maintenance: Appropriated--...----- $66, 000 $58, 000 $63, 000 $69, 076 $112,000 1,449, 152 ----- Cost- .....---------......... 63, 943 58,287 64,146 67, 984 112, 791 1, 448, 227 1 In addition $325,000 for new work were expended from contributed funds. 2 Includes $477,149 for new work for previous projects. 2. HURON HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie at the mouth of the Huron River, 47 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 363.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of May 20, 1826, and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1961 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1576 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a pier 3,170 feet long on the west side of the entrance channel, the shoreward 1,970 feet consisting of timber cribs with concrete superstructure and the remaining 1,200 feet of rubble-mound construction, with a timber-crib concrete super- structure pierhead at its outer end; for a rubble-mound east break- water 1,450 feet long, with a concrete light foundation at its outer end, founded on the rubble-mound; for a steel-sheet pile shore pro- tection extending 200 feet westerly from near the shoreward end of the west pier; for a channel with a depth of 26 feet in the hard material and 25 feet in soft material extending from deep water in the lake 1238 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 to the south side of Wheeling & Lake Erie Railway Company's slip 1, at the entrance of the river, the channel to be 400 feet wide in the lake and 300 feet wide inward of the outer pierhead, narrowing to 250 feet at the head of the channel; and for the enlargement but not maintenance of the turning basin, 19 feet deep, opposite the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railway Company's ore dock. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5.5 feet above to 2.5 feet below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $1,034,350, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $70,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1905 Extension of west pier; construction of east break- H. Doc. 122, 58th Cong., 2d sess. water; removal of part of old east pier; deepening of channel to 19 feet; and dredging of sheltered area. Mar. 2, 1919 Widening of river to 200 feet; removal of remainder of H. Doc. 5, 63d Cong., 1st sess. old east pier; construction of new spur pier; en- largement of sheltered area; and closure of breach at shore end of west pier. Aug. 30,19351 Extension of west pier with pierhead at its outer end; H. Doc. 478, 72d Cong., 2d sess. removal of outer end of east breakwater and con- (contains latest published map). structing pierhead on new outer end; widening and deepening of channel to present project dimen- sions; enlargement of turning basin at head of channel; shore protection west of west pier; and elimination from the project construction of spur pier and dredging of sheltered area outside of channel limits. 1 Partially included in Public Works Administration program. Nov. 15, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad (W. & L. E. Div.) has deepened and maintained the channel above the limits of the Federal improvement. This company has a dock with a frontage of over 1 mile, which affords facilities for handling iron ore and coal. The Eastern States Farmers Exchange, Inc., has a dock with a frontage of approximately 800 feet, adjacent to the ore dock. Three fish docks are private. A number of privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The town of Huron owns a dock at the foot of South Street, which is open to the public. The facilities are regarded as adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 4, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during the fiscal year. Miscellaneous in- spection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Gov- ernment plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $8,400. The IU. S. hopper dredge Hoffman removed 127,541 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the entire area of the entrance channel for restoration of project depth of 25 feet at a cost of $27,201. The U. S. derrickboat McCauley removed obstructions from the proj- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1239 ect channel at a cost of $3,696. The total cost for maintenance was $39,297. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940 at a cost of $1,034,350. A length of 250 linear feet of the west pier timber crib and concrete superstructure construction has been reinforced and repaired with steel sheet piling and concrete. An additional 1,700 feet of the west pier and portions of the east break- water are failing. The controlling depth in the channel is 25 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $2,088,915, of which $1,034,350, including $561,252 public works funds, were for new work and $1,054,565 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---- ----------------------------------- --------------------------- $1, 304, 139 Cost ------ ------------------------ ---------- ------------------------ 11,304,139 Maintenance: Appropriated - - $27,600 $75, 867 $8, 000 $117, 821 $40,300 1,057,076 Cost . - ---- - - ---. 23, 725 81, 294 4, 501 119,193 39, 297 1, 054, 565 1 Includes $269, 789 for new work for previous projects. 3. LORAIN HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie at the mouth of the Black River, 28 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 357.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 23, 1828. For further details, see page 1961 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1580 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 60 acres in area formed by converging rubble-mound breakwaters with an aggregate length of 6,350 feet and having an entrance 500 feet wide between pierheads of timber cribs with concrete superstructure located at the outer ends of the breakwaters. b. Two piers at the mouth of the river 300 feet apart, the west pIier of timber cribs with concrete superstructure 1,003 feet long, and the east pier 1,875 feet long, of which 1,763 feet is of timber cribs with concrete superstructure and 112 feet is of sheet-pile construction. c. A depth of 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard mate- rial in the outer harbor and the river channel to a point 2,200 feet upstream from the outer ends of the piers, thence 24 feet deep in soft material and 25 feet in hard material to the upper end of the American Shipbuilding Co. drydock 2; thence for a channel of the same depths and generally 200 feet wide suitably widened at the bends, to the upper end of the National Tube Co. dock, with a turn- ing basin 650 feet wide and 20 feet deep in the bend of the Black River immediately upstream from the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad 1240 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 coal dock, and approximately 690 feet wide and 17 feet deep opposite the National Tube Co. dock; no project dredging above drydock 2 to be closer than 50 feet to existing and future docks or bulkheads. d. An approach channel 16 feet deep extending from the outer har- bor to the municipal pier. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinarily fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5 feet above to 2 feet below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $2,748,513, including $3,000 con- tributed by local interests, but exclusive of amounts expended on pre- vious projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $190,- 000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 Breakwaters and extensions of piers to present di- H. Doc. 131, 55th Cong., 2d sess. mensions. and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2718. Mar. 2, 1907 Extension of 18-foot channel from inner end of piers H. Doc. 560, 60th Cong., 1st sess. to Erie Avenue Bridge. June 25, 1910 Extension of breakwaters and dredging to depth of H. Doe. 644, 61st Cong., 2d sess. 19 feet in outer harbor. Aug. 8,1917 Extension of breakwaters to present project dimen- H. Doc. 980, 64th Cong., 1st sess. sions. ...... Do---- Deepening of outer harbor and river channel to Erie H. Doc. 985, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Avenue Bridge to a depth of 20 feet. July 3, 1930 Extension of 20-foot channel to the American Ship- H. Doc. 587, 69th Cong., 2d sess. building Co. drydock 2. Aug. 30,1935 Widening of 2 bends in river and enlargement of H. Doc. 469, 72d Cong., 2d sess.2 turning basin opposite National Tube Co. dock.' Do ----- Approach channel to municipal pier.........---------------. Senate committee 2 print, 73d Cong. 2d sess. ..... Do---- Deepening outer harbor and river channel to Ameri- Rivers and Harbors Committee can Shipbuilding Co. drydock 2 to present project Doc. 51, 74th Cong., 1st sess.2 dimensions and extension of river channel to upper end of National Tube Co. dock with turning basin opposite that dock. Maintenance dredging in Black River from American Shipbuilding Co. dry- dock 2 to upper end of the National Tube Co. dock was authorized Apr. 7, 1934, by the Public Works Administration. (3) Enlarging turning basin opposite National Tube Co. Specified in act. dock to present project dimensions. Mar. 2,1945 Turning basin in the bend of Black River immedi- H. Doe. 161, 77th Cong., 1st sess.2 ately upstream from the Baltimore & Ohio RR. coal dock. 1 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 2Contains latest published maps. 3 First Supplemental National Defense Appropriation Act, 1944, approved Dec. 23, 1943. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. One iron ore terminal and one coal dock are open to the public. Extensive docks of the United States Steel Cor- poration (National Tube Div.) handle iron ore, limestone, pig iron, fuel oil, and sand, and are not open to the public. Three sand, one slag, and four fish docks are privately owned. The American Ship- building Company has drydocks and facilities for building and re- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1241 pairing the largest lake vessels. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The city of Lorain owns two docks without rail connections which are open to the public. The facilities are regarded as adequate for existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 4, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspec- tion services, including flue dust investigation, and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $15,600. The U. S. hopper dredges Hoffman and Taylor removed a total of 234,319 cubic yards, bin measure, and shoaled mate- rial over the entire length of the Black River Channel and 100,000 square yard area of the outer harbor, for restoration of project depths of 24 and 25 feet, at a cost of $98,542. The U. S. derrickboat McCauley repaired 325 linear feet of the east breakwater, at a cost of $37,920. The total cost for maintenance was $152,062. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1951 at a cost of $2,748,513. An outer harbor has been provided by constructing breakwaters and pierheads completed in 1915, except the extension of the west breakwater to shore, which was completed in 1921. A channel through the outer harbor to the entrance to Black River was deepened to 25 feet in 1937, also a channel 16 feet deep to the municipal pier was provided in 1936. Deepening the outer har- bor was completed in 1946. The entrance to the river has been im- proved by the construction of parallel piers completed in 1909. Widen- ing of two bends in the river was completed in 1934. The river chan- nel and turning basin opposite the National Tube Company dock were deepened to project depth in 1937 and 1938 and the turning basin widened in 1944. The protection works are generally in poor condition. The shore- ward section of the west breakwater which was completed in 1921 has disintegrated and settled and in places is below water datum. At various locations on the lake face of the lakeward section of the west breakwater stones have shifted leaving holes in the wall, and in many sections of the east breakwater the stones above water have deterio- rated and shifted. The concrete superstructure of the East Pier is badly deteriorated. The controlling depth is 25 feet in the channel through the outer harbor, 24 feet in the river channel to the upper end of the National Tube Company dock, 16 feet in the outer harbor channel to the munic- ipal pier, and 17 feet in the turning basin opposite the National Tube Company dock, all at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $4,863,300, of which $2,745,513, including $165,000 public works funds, for new work and $2,117,787, including $76,300 public works funds, for maintenance. In addition $3,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. 1242 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------_ $50, 000 -$9, 000 -$3, 782 ........ ..-----------------------1 $3, 037, 716 Cost----------------- 2, 423 34, 794 _--------- ___------------__------------ 12 3, 037, 716 Maintenance: Appropriated.--------- 128, 600 142, 000 209, 000 $88, 910 $156, 000 2, 123, 615 Cost-----------------..... 129, 377 145, 438 205, 808 90, 163 152, 062 2, 117, 787 1 Includes $292, 203 for new work for previous projects. s In addition $3,000 for new work were expended from contributed funds. 4. CLEVELAND HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of Cuya- hoga River, 176 miles westerly from Buffalo, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 354.) Previous projects. Adopted by acts of March 3, 1825, June 23, 1866, March 3, 1875, August 5, 1886, and August 11, 1888. For fur- ther details, see page 1962 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1585 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. Outer harbor 5 miles long and 1,600 to 2,400 feet wide, enclosed by a breakwater system comprising an east breakwater 21,270 feet long, with a pierhead at its easterly end, of which 3,300 feet is of tim- ber-crib substructure with stone superstructure and 17,970 feet of rubble-mound construction, and a west breakwater connected with the shore, 6,048 feet long, of timber cribs with concrete superstructure with a gap of 201 feet about 662 feet from the shore end. b. A rubble-mound spur breakwater 400 feet long to protect the gap in the west breakwater shore arm. c. A main entrance 700 feet wide between arrowhead rubble-mound breakwaters extending 1,250 feet lakeward from the 850-foot opening between the main breakwaters, with timber-concrete pierheads at their lakeward ends. d. Two parallel stone-filled timber-crib piers with concrete super- structure, 325 feet apart, at the mouth of Cuyahoga River; the east pier 1,602 feet long and the west pier 1,440 feet long. e. A depth of 19 feet, with provisional dredging to 23 feet, easterly from a line drawn perpendicular to the east main breakwater, be- ginning 800 feet easterly from the westerly end thereof, and a depth of 25 feet westerly from that line. f. An entrance channel 25 feet deep, through the outer harbor and between the piers up to the New York Central swing bridge. g. Improvement of the channels in Cuyahoga River to the vicinity of mile 5.8 and in Old River to the head of the Sand Products Cor- poration dock to a depth of 23 feet, the balance of Old River to a depth of 21 feet, with a turning basin in Cuyahoga River to a depth of 18 feet in the vicinity of mile 4.8. h. Replacement or pier reconstruction of seven railroad bridges. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1243 tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations produced by wind and other causes are from 4.5 feet above to 1 foot below that plane. The estimated cost of new work is $25,910,000 (1955). The esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $900,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1875 West breakwater 1___ . - Annual Report, 1876, D. 558. Aug. 5, 1886 Part of east breakwater 1 H. Ex. Doc. 116, 48th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1886, p. 1865. Aug. 11, 1888 Extension of east breakwater 1 H. Ex. Doc. 189, 50th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1888, p. 2005. June 3,1896 Reconstruction of piers______________________________ H. Doc. 326, 54th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1896, D. 2949. Mar. 3, 1899 Dredging of channel between piers and outer harbor H. Doc. 156, 55th Cong., 3d sess., June 13, 1902 to a depth of 19 feet; dredging to depth of 23 feet in and Annual Report, 1899, pp. any portion of harbor in the discretion of Secretary 3075 and 3078. of War. June 13, 1902 Arrowhead breakwaters and extension of east break- H. Doc. 118, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1907 water. June 25, 1910 Removal of deflecting arm of old east breakwater and No printed report. closure of gap between old and new east break- waters. July 27, 1916 Pierhead at easterly end of east breakwater ---- H. Doc. 891, 63d Cong., 2d sess. --- Aug. 8, 1917 Maintenance and improvement of channels in Cuya- H. Doc. 707, 63d Co'g., 2d sess., Aug. 26, 1937 hoga and Old Rivers to a depth of 21 feet to a point and Rivers and Harbors Com- 2,000 feet upstream from Clark Ave. viaduct and mittee Doc. 84,2 74th Cong., 2d 18-foot turning basin. sess. Aug. 30, 1935 3 Deepening of outer harbor and channel between piers H. Doc. 477, 72d Cong., 2d sess. to present project dimensions, construction of 400-foot spur breakwater at the gap in the shore arm of west breakwater; removal of easterly 150 feet of west main breakwater; elimination from project of a 298-foot southerly extension of the west pier; and abandonment of inner 932 feet of shore arm of west breakwater. Aug. 30, 1935 4 Maintenance dredging in Cuyahoga and Old Rivers Rivers and Harbors Committee, for 1 year as an emergency measure. Doc. 39, 74th Cong., 1st sess. (5) Maintenance of the extension of the Cuyahoga River Specified in act. channel. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Extension, maintenance, and improvement to a depth H. Doc. 95, 79th Cong., 1st sess. of 21 feet of 6 Cuyahoga River channel to present project limit. 2 July 24,1946 Improvement of Cuyahoga and Old Rivers to a depth H. Doc. 629, 79th Coi'., 2d sess. of 23 feet and replacement of pier construction of 7 railroad bridges. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. 3 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 4 Previously authorized by Public Works Administration. 5 First Deficiency Appropriation Act approved Apr. 1, 1944. 6 Authorized by the Defense Plant Corporation, May 19, 1942. Local cooperation. Assurances required for the impro e.lents authorized by the July 24, 1946, act were received and approved on May 3, 1949, by the Assistant Secretary of the Army. Negotiations for furnishing lands, easements, and rights-of-way are currently under way by the city of Cleveland. All other conditions are fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are approximately 48 terminals for the handling of various types of cargoes, the most important of which are iron ore, steel products, coal, scrap, cement, sand and gravel, stone, grain, petroleum products, automobiles, newsprint, paper, sal , sulfur, and fish. In general, the terminals operated by the railroads, which include two of the iron-ore and a coal terminal, are open to shippers 1244 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of the commodities handled. The city of Cleveland owns 3 termi- nals, 1 of which is leased for a miscellaneous freight and automobile terminal. The Corps of Engineers owns a wharf at the foot of East Ninth Street which is private. Several yacht club docks and numer- ous other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recrea- tional and other small craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 3, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Relocations consisting of replacement or pier reconstruction at railroad bridges over the Cuyahoga River were carried on by continuing contracts, and widening Cuyahoga River in the vicinity of bridges Nos. 25 and 8, by contract, was completed. Replacement of bridges Nos. 9, 1, 15, and 3 was continued and was 67, 32, 29, and 32 percent completed, respec- tively, at the end of the fiscal year. Total cost for the year for new work was $4,057,534. Maintenance: Miscellaneous inspection services including flue dust investigation and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor, at the project, at a cost of $17,248. The U. S. hopper dredges Hoffman and Lyman removed a total of 158,210 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over an area of 200,000 square yards of the outer harbor and entrance channel for restoration of project depths of 23 and 25 feet at a cost of $90,530. The U. S. derrickboats Tonawanda and McCauley repaired approximately 700 linear feet of the east breakwater at a total cost of $122,462 and removed obstruc- tions from project channels at a cost of $4,905. Maintenance of the Cuyahoga and Old Rivers, by contract, was continued and 550,851 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoaled material were removed for restoration of project depth of 21 feet, at a cost of $519,850. Advance Spring dredging of the upper Cuyahoga River, by contract, was ac- complished and 200,000 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoaled material were removed to approximately 26 feet below low water datum at a cost of $191,152. The total cost was $5,003,681, of which $4,057,534 was for new work and $946,147 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 61 percent complete. The river entrance channel has been improved by the construction of parallel piers 325 feet apart, and dredging to a depth of 25 feet at low water datum up to the New York Central Rail- road bridge. The piers were completed in 1900 and the dredging in 1935. An outer harbor, about 1,300 acres in extent, has been formed by the construction of an aggregate length of about 30,000 feet of breakwater, including converging arms, completed in 1915. The main entrance has been widened to 700 feet and protected by converging arms extending lakeward from the east and west breakwaters, com- pleted in 1908. The outer harbor was deepened, 1933 to 1935, to 25 feet at low water datum throughout the west basin, in the entrance channel, and over a portion of the east basin adjacent to the entrance channel; over the remaining portion of the east basin a depth of 23 feet at low water datum has generally been secured. Portions of the channel in Cuyahoga River were widened each year from 1939 to 1942. Removal of 150 feet of easterly end of west breakwater and construc- tion of 400 feet of spur breakwater to protect the gap in the west RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1245 breakwater shore arm were completed in 1935. A concrete base for a light tower was constructed at east end of east breakwater in 1917 in lieu of the east-end pierhead. Providing a 1,300-foot extension of the Cuyahoga River channel to the present project limit was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, and partially com- pleted with Defense Plant Corporation funds during 1942. Old River to the Sand Products Corporation dock was deepened to 23 feet in 1952. Replacement of New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad bridge No. 25 was completed during April 1953. Replacement of the New York Central Railroad bridge No. 8 was completed December 1953. The harbor structures require extensive repairs. Completing the remainder of the channel extension, widening por- tions of the Cuyahoga River, deepening Cuyahoga River to 23 feet, and replacement or pier reconstruction of five railroad bridges over the Cuyahoga River remain to be done to complete the project. The controlling depth in the main entrance channel, through the west basin and between the piers, was 25 feet, and in the channel through the east basin, 23 feet. Depths elsewhere in the east basin within the project area range from 10 to 30 feet. The controlling depth in the Cuyahoga River was 21 feet; in Old River to Sand Prod- ucts Corporation dock, 23 feet; in remainder of Old River, 21 feet; and in the turning basin, 18 feet. The total costs of the existing project were $27,272,679, of which $16,169,146, including $616,767 public works funds, was for new work and $11,103,533, including $125,000 public works funds, for mainte- nance. In addition, $50,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......---------. $237, 000 $1, 000, 000 $4, 720, 000 $500, 000 $1, 000, 000 1$19, 011, 642 Cost ....-----------------.. ..... 991, 394 2, 033, 728 956, 844 1, 650, 717 4, 057, 534 117, 733, 299 Maintenance: Appropriated---------.... 637, 528 899, 539 796, 000 862, 030 926, 500 2 11, 237, 902 Cost----------------- 676, 403 915, 771 632, 743 876, 638 946, 147 2 11, 103, 533 1 Includes $1,564,154 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $50,000 for maintenance were expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_---------- $32, 593 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 5, 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------5, 332, 593 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------- _ 3, 162, 500 5. FAIRPORT HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Grand River, 33 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 346.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1246 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 1825, and May 20, 1826. For further details, see page 1963 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1590 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 360 acres in area formed by a system of breakwaters comprising a west breakwater, 3,878 feet long, connected with the shore, consisting of 825 feet of timber-crib substructure with stone superstructure and sea slope, 2,553 feet of rubble-mound con- struction, and 500 feet of cellular steel sheet piling with concrete caps; and an east breakwater 6,750 feet long, of rubble-mound con- struction. b. A west breakwater pierhead of steel-sheet piling with concrete cap and an east breakwater pierhead of timber-crib substructure with concrete superstructure. c. An east river pier 1,252 feet long, 578 feet of timber-crib sub- structure with concrete superstructure, the inner 674 feet not main- tained. d. Removal of the old west pier and construction of cellular steel- sheet pile bulkhead 500 feet long and 300 feet west of the westerly face of the east pier. e. A depth of 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard material in the outer harbor. f. A channel in Grand River 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide ex- tending from the outer harbor a distance of 2,000 feet upstream from the outer end of the east river pier; thence of the same depth with a width of 150 feet to the angle in the ore terminal, a farther distance of 1,700 feet; and thence with a depth of 21 feet, and with widths varying from 200 to 100 feet for a distance of 4,000 feet to the end of the stone receiving terminal of the Diamond Alkali Co., with a turning basin 18 feet deep, 760 feet long, and 400 feet wide about midway in this section. g. A channel in Grand River 8 feet deep at the upper end of and adjacent to the west side of the 21-foot project channel, no dredging to be done closer than 20 feet from the westerly dock lines. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 4 feet above to 1 foot below that plane. The estimated cost of new work is $2,539,000 (1955), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $110,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1247 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1825 1 Construction of piers-_----------- .-.-.----------- _ Annual Report, 1880, pp. 2147-2153. June 3,1896 Breakwaters and dredging outer harbor to a depth of H. Doc. 347, 54th Cong., 1st sess., Mar. 3, 1905 18 feet. and Annual Reports, 1896 p. 2956; 1903, p. 2084; 1905, p. 2349. Mar. 2, 1919 1,400-foot extension of east breakwater, present project H. Doc. 206, 63d Cong., 1st sess. dimension of east pier; and deepening of harbor to 19 feet. Jan. 21, 1927 4,000-foot extension of east breakwater at limit of cost H. Doc. 592, 69th Cong., 2d sess., July 3, 1930 to the United States of $715,000. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 13, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 2 Deepening of outer harbor and entrance channel to H. Doc. 472, 72d Cong., 2d sess. present project dimensions; extending the west breakwater to present project dimensions with pierhead at its outer end; removal of west pier; and construction of bulkhead on west side of river channel. Aug. 26,1937 Dredging of 21- and 24-foot river channels and turn- Rivers and Harbors Committee 3 ing basin in Grand River to present project dimen- Doc. 79, 74th Cong., 2d sess. sions. July 24,1946 Dredging of 8-foot river channel--_--------- ------- H. Doc. 706, 79th Cong., 2d sess.: 1Modified 1830, 1881, and 1890. New work completed under previous projects. 2 Partly included in Public Works Administration program, Nov. 15, 1933. 3 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, requires local interests to contribute $304,000 toward the cost of extending the breakwater 4,000 feet, and dredge the channel of approach to their terminal at their own expense. The River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930, waived the condition requiring local interests to contribute to the cost of the breakwater exten- sion. The condition requiring dredging has not been complied with. The act of July 24, 1946, provides for the 8-foot channel subject to the condition that local interests agree to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the improvement. This con- dition has not been complied with. All other conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. One coal dock does a general public busi- ness. Two limestone docks, 2 limestone and sand and gravel docks, 4 fish docks, a yacht club dock and 1 dock equipped with a derrick for handling small pleasure craft, are privately owned. There are no publicly owned terminals. The facilities are regarded as ade- quate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 2, 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspec- tion services and condition surveys were accomplished by Govern- ment plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $10,294. The U. S. hopper dredges Hoffman, Taylor, and Lyman removed a total of 354,718 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the entire area of the Grand River Channel and approximately 140,000 square yard area of the outer harbor, for restoration of project depths of 21, 24, and 25 feet at a cost of $109,270. The U. S. derrick- boat Tonawonda removed obstructions from the project channels at a cost of $1,653. The total cost for maintenance was $121,217. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 99 percent complete. A length of 400 linear feet of the east pier was repaired with steel sheet piling and sand filled in 1949. The river entrance has been improved by the construction of an east pier 363037-55-vol. 2- 79 1248 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 completed in 1904, and the rembval of the old west pier and con- struction of the bulkhead, completed in 1939. The east breakwater was completed in 1931 and the west breakwater in 1935. The river channel was deepened to project depths, and the turning basin was excavated in 1939. The outer harbor was deepened and the river channel was widened at its mouth in 1940. The harbor structures require repairs. The concrete cap of two cells of the cellular section of the west breakwater requires replace- ment. At several places along the remainder of the west break- water and along the east breakwater, the slope stone has disinte- grated and settled. The inner 274 feet of the east pier requires replacement, and the outer end of the structure requires repairs. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the deep- ening to 8 feet of the westerly portion of the channel in Grand River at the upper end of the 21-foot channel. The controlling depth is 25 feet in the outer harbor, 24 feet in the river channel for 3,700 feet upstream from the outer end of the east pier, thence 21 feet in the river channel upstream to the project limit, and 18 feet in the turning basin. All depths are referred to low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $4,319,489, of which $2,496,654, including $187,772 Public Works funds, was for new work and $1,822,835 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .-------- ------------ ------------------------------------ $2, 865, 6594 Cost------------- ----- ------------------------ ------------------------------------ 12, 865, 594 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- $56, 000 $67, 000 $140, 000 $93, 488 $121,000 1,822, 684 Cost------------------................ 52, 462 72,295 139, 439 93, 733 121, 217 1,822, 835 1Includes $368,940 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- .. $42, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 42, 000 6. ASHTABULA HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Ashtabula River, 59 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 342.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of May 20, 1826, March 3, 1829, July 3, 1832, March 2, 1867, June 10, 1872, and March 3, 1881, and modified by the Secretary of Army July 8, 1890. For further details, see page 1963 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1593 of Annual Report for 1938. RIVERS AND HARBORS---BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1249 Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 185 acres in area protected by break- waters, the west breakwater 7,780 feet long, and the east breakwater 4,400 feet long, all of rubble-mound construction, except 430 feet of the west breakwater, which consists of timber-crib substructure and stone superstructure. b. A west pierhead of timber-crib substructure and concrete super- structure. c. An east light foundation located 600 feet easterly from the west pierhead, consisting of a concrete superstructure founded on the outer end of the rubble-mound east breakwater. d. The removal of 250 feet of the old inner east breakwater and of such additional lengths as may be necessary. e. An entrance 28 feet deep between existing breakwaters 600 feet apart; thence a channel of 25-foot depth and 1,100-foot maximum bottom width through the outer harbor to the old inner east break- water; thence 24 feet deep to the mouth of Ashtabula River; thence a channel 24 feet deep with a bottom width of 160 feet to a point 2,000 feet upstream; thence a channel 18 feet deep (except where ledge rock may be encountered) with a bottom width of 160 feet decreasing to 100 feet and suitably widened at the southerly end, to the upper car-ferry slip; thence a channel 16 feet deep (except where ledge rock may be encountered) with a bottom width of 100 feet suitably widened at bends and in the turning basin, to the southerly end of the turning basin; thence a channel 16 feet deep with a bottom width of 100 feet to a point 1,550 feet upstream of the turning basin; also an approach channel 24 feet deep, with a minimum width of 250 feet from the 24-foot-depth section of the outer harbor eastward to the New York Central Railroad Company's slip. f. A 700-foot wide access channel leading southeastward from the present entrance channel and terminating in a basin having a width of 1,200 feet and a length of 1,500 feet, all dredged to a depth of 25 feet in earth and 26 feet in rock. g. Maintenance to 21-foot depth of that portion of the outer harbor between the deepened channel and a meridian line through the west- erly angle of the east breakwater. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctu- ations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by the winds or other causes, are from 4 feet above to 1 foot below low water datum. The estimated cost of new work is $8,028,000 (1955), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The removal of 250 feet of the inner east breakwater portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this por- tion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $128,000. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $112,000 (1954). 1250 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3,1896 jConstruction of breakwater--------------------- Annual Report, 1895, p. 3122. June 25,1910 Enlargement of outer harbor by extension of west H. Doc. 654, 61st Cong., 2d sess. breakwater and construction of new east break- water; pierheads on lakeward ends of breakwaters; and removal of part of old east breakwater. Mar. 2,1919 Extension of west breakwater to shore; dredging H. Doc. 997, 64th Cong., 1st sess. outer harbor to a depth of 20 feet. Aug.30,19351 Removal of a portion of east breakwater, extension H. Doc. 43, 73d Cong., 1st sess. of breakwaters to present project dimensions, and removal of dredging restrictions in portion of west basin. Aug. 26,1937 Dredging of channel through the outer harbor, chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 nel of approach to New York Central RR. Co.'s Doc. 78, 74th Cong., 2d sess. slip, channel in Ashtabula River, to and in turning basin, all to present project dimensions; removal of portion of old east inner breakwater; and main- tenance to 24-foot depth of portion of outer harbor. Mar. 2,1945 Extension of river channel to the present project H. Doc. 321, 77thlCong., 1st sess. limit. Sept. 3,1954 Dredging approach channel and turning basin in H. Doc. 486, 83d Cong., 2d sess.3 east outer harbor to 25-foot depth. 1 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 2The removal of 250 feet of the inner east breakwater is to be restudied. 8Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the access chan- nel and basin in the easterly portion of the outer harbor which are subject to the conditions that local interests agree to- a. Furnish free of cost to the United States all land, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas necessary for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to con- struction and maintenance of the improvement. c. Construct and maintain adequate dock facilities open to all on equal terms; and d. Dredge and maintain the slip and access thereto from the basin to depths which will permit vessels to fully utilize the depth to be provided in the Federal project. Assurances have been received and were approved by the District Engineer on January 11, 1955. Con- struction of dock facilities by local interests is currently underway. Terminal facilities. There are 3 iron ore and 2 coal terminals with an aggregate developed dock frontage of 18,500 feet, all open to the public. There are 3 privately owned fish docks, 1 privately owned limestone dock, 2 limestone and sand and gravel docks, 1 salt dock, a large shipyard and drydock, and a car-ferry terminal. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The facili- ties are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 2, 1950, Corps of Engineers.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1251 Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspec- tion services and condition surveys were accomplished by Govern- ment plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $6,500. The U. S. hopper dredges Taylor and Lyman removed a total of 186,964 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the entire area of the Ashtabula River channel and the inner end of the outer harbor for restoration of project depths of 18 and 24 feet, at a cost of $69,639. The U. S. derrickboat McCauley repaired 242 linear feet of the west breakwater and 346 linear feet of the east breakwater at a total cost of $40,076, and removed obstructions from the project channels at a cost of $1,563. The total cost for maintenance was $117,778. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 35 percent complete. The west breakwater was completed in 1915 except 580 feet of the inner end which was completed in 1923, and 600 feet of the outer end which was completed in 1935. The east breakwater was completed in 1915; 800 feet of the westerly end was removed, and a lakeward extension of 700 feet was completed in 1935. The old inner east breakwater 1,200 feet long was completed in 1909, and the westerly 600 feet was removed in 1913 and 350 feet in 1935. The 18- and 16-foot sections of the river channel and the turn- ing basin were deepened to project depth in 1939. The channel through the outer harbor, the approach channel to the New York Central Railroad Company's slip, and the channel in Ashtabula River to a point 2,000 feet upstream from its mouth, were deepened to project depths in 1940. The harbor structures require repairs. Portions of both the east breakwater and the west breakwater where the slope stone has pulled away the core stone has washed away, and the deck stones have dropped, require major repairs. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of deepening the access channel and basin in the east portion of the outer harbor, deepening the upper 1,550 feet of the river channel and the conditional removal of the east inner breakwater. The portion of the outer harbor to be maintained to 21 feet has not been deepened to that depth, shale rock being above project depth over a portion of the area. The controlling depth is 25 feet in the channel through the outer harbor lakeward of the inner breakwater, 24 feet shoreward thereof, 20 feet in the east basin, 24 feet in the approach channel to the New York Central Railroad Company's slip, and in the Ashtabula River channel to a point 2,000 feet upstream from its mouth, 18 feet to the upper car-ferry slip, and 16 feet up to and including the turn- ing basin. The total costs of the existing project were $4,322,673, of which $2,856,873, including $536,648 public works funds, was for new work and $1,465,800 for maintenance. 1252 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated..------...--- -$335 ........------------......---------.....----. ---- ----------- $3, 422, 066 Cost------.......------------------------------------------------------------....................... 3, 422, 066 Maintenance: Appropriated--------.... 86, 200 $12,800 $162, 000 $121, 740 $111, 500 1,467, 072 Cost.....-------------.......... 82, 795 24, 686 164, 798 114, 649 117, 778 1, 465, 800 1Includes $565,192 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $296, 000 --. Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----_ ------------------------------------ 296, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 14, 875, 100 1 Exclusive of $128,000 required for the deferred for restudy portion of the project. 7. CONNEAUT HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Conneaut River, 73 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 33.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March'2, 1829, July 13, 1892, February 24, 1893, and June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 1964 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1597 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following : a. An outer harbor, the deepened portion of which is about 142 acres in area formed by a system of breakwaters comprising a west break- water 5,965 feet long, connected with the shore, with a 100-foot gap, 1,670 feet from shore, all of rubble-mound construction, and an east breakwater 3,675 feet long, 2,625 feet of which is rubble-mound con- struction and 1,050 feet of timber-cribs with concrete superstructure. b. A west breakwater pierhead of timber-crib substructure with con- crete superstructure. c. An east breakwater light foundation of concrete superstructure founded on the outer end of the rubble-mound. d. An entrance 600 feet wide between the west breakwater pierhead and the east breakwater light foundation. e. An east pier, 1,008 feet long, of timber-crib substructure and con- crete superstructure. f. A depth of 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard material in the eastern portion of the outer harbor, and for a depth of 20 feet in the remainder of the outer harbor, consisting of a triangular area with its apex about 900 feet southerly from the west breakwater pierhead, its southeasterly angle 800 feet westerly from the west pier, its southwest- erly angle 100 feet from the west breakwater. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1253 The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 4 feet above to 1 foot below low water datum. The estimate of cost for new work is $5,010,000 (1955), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 Extension of east breakwater, construction of new H. Doc. 653, 61st Cong., 2d sess. west breakwater; removal of portion of old west breakwater; and dredging of outer harbor to 19 feet. Aug. 8,1917 Rhalinement of west breakwater; removal of remain- H. Doc. 983, 64th Cong., 1st sess. der of old west breakwater, and deepening outer harbor to 20 feet. (2) Removal by Bessemer & Lake Erie RR. Co. of inner 635 feet of the west pier. 1 Aug. 30, 1935 3 Removal of a portion of west breakwater; extension H. Doc. 48, 73d Cong., 1st sess. or breakwaters to present project dimensions; con- struction of pierheads on outer ends of break- waters; deepening outer harbor to present project dimensions; removal of portions of river pier, and elimination from project of a 255-foot shoreward extension of the west breakwater. 1Contains latest published maps. 2 Permit of the Secretary of War, Aug. 5, 1927. 8 Partially authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Local interests maintain the river channel to provide access to terminals in the river comprising 1 coal terminal which is open to shippers of coal, 1 iron ore, 1 stone, and 1 steel- products terminal, which are private. The city of Conneaut owns a terminal and a small boat lagoon on the outer harbor which are open to the public. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 2, 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $6,225. The U. S. hopper dredges Taylor and Lyman removed a total of 143,227 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over an area of approximately 120,000 square yards of the outer harbor for restoration of project depths of 25 feet, at a cost of $52,751. The U. S. derrickboat Tono- wanda repaired 500 linear feet of the west breakwater at a cost of $139,627 and removed obstructions from the channels at a cost of $374. Three hundred and fifty linear feet of the east pier guard fender was replaced by hired labor and contract at a cost of $5,098. The total cost for maintenance was $204,075. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 71 percent complete. Under existing project, a length of 4,445 feet 1254 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of the new west breakwater was completed in 1916; the old east breakwater, 1,050 feet long, was extended shoreward 800 feet (com- pleted 1911) and lakeward 900 feet (completed 1923). The 1,670-foot shore arm to the west breakwater was completed in 1934. Extension of the west breakwater 830 feet lakeward, the east breakwater 925 feet lakeward, and removal of the lake arm of the west breakwater were completed in 1935; 642 feet of the old west breakwater was removed in 1916, and the remaining 600 feet in 1925. Two piers have been constructed at the mouth of the Conneaut River. Removal of west pier and 459 feet of east pier were completed in 1934. The east pier is now 1,008 feet long. A channel through the outer harbor was dredged to 25 and 26 feet in 1938. The inner 1,200 feet of the west breakwater was rebuilt to its original elevation during 1941 to 1952. At several places along the remainder of the west breakwater and along the east breakwater, the slope stone along the lakeside is disintegrating and pulling away and the deck stone is settling. Other harbor structures are generally in fair condition. The controlling depth in the channel through the outer harbor is 25 feet below low water datum. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to deepen a 320-foot wide strip on the westerly side of the deepened channel through the outer harbor, to 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard material, and to deepen the remainder of the outer harbor to 20 feet. The total costs of the existing project were $4,627,584, of which $3,270,447, including $1,010,500 Public Works funds, was for new work and $1,357,137 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated..---------------------------------------------------------- $4,075, 719 Cost------... -------------------- ---------------------------------------------- 4, 075, 719 Maintenance: Appropriated--- --....-- $29, 450 $64, 700 $169, 500 $90, 887 $212, 100 1,423, 969 Cost------------ 23,667 75, 255 164,009 71, 977 204,075 1,396,921 1 Includes $805,272 for new work and $39,784 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------_ $1, 739, 600 8. ERIE HARBOR, PA. Location. On the southerly side of the bay formed by Presque Isle Peninsula, on the south shore of Lake Erie, 78 miles westerly from Buffalo, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 332.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 26, RIVERS AND HARBORS--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1255 1824, and modifications were subsequently made by approval of the report of a board of engineers in 1855 and in 1865; by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867; by approval of the report of a board of engineers in 1870; and by River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, and September 19, 1890. For further details see page 1965 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1600 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An entrance channel, 25 feet deep in soft material and 26 feet deep in hard material, 500 feet wide lakeward of the entrance piers, and 300 feet wide between the piers and into the harbor. b. A channel of the'same depths and 600 feet wide from the en- trance channel to a line 50 feet outside of the pierhead line at the ore terminal, suitably widened at the junction with the entrance channel. c. A harbor area 21 feet deep, approximately 117 acres, extending westerly from the 600-foot channel for a distance of about 2,100 feet to a line perpendicular to the harbor line 200 feet west of the city dock, with its southerly side 50 feet from the harbor line. d. An approach channel, 23 feet deep and 300 feet wide, from the 25-foot channel to and including a turning basin of the same depth 1,200 feet long by 1,000 feet wide at the westerly docks. e. An additional harbor area 18 feet deep, of about 35 acres, ex- tending westerly from the 21-foot area and northerly from the harbor line off the public dock, to natural deep water in the bay. f. For harbor entrance piers 360 to 450 feet apart, of the timber- crib type with concrete superstructure, extending to the 14-foot con- tour in the lake, the north pier to have a length of about 3,248 feet and the south pier to have a length of about 2,215 feet, further exten- sion lakeward of the north pier to be made when required to meet advance of said contour. g. A timber-crib breakwater 1,200 feet long (original length, 2,530 feet) with stone superstructure, extending from the inner end of the south pier toward the mainland, to maintain a closure at the eastern end of the harbor and for plant growth and emergency protection work on the peninsula. h. An anchorage area to be accomplished by widening to 25 feet the approach channel described in paragraph b above, from 600 feet to 1,200 feet with the western boundary of the area 1,500 feet long and the eastern boundary about 1,900 feet long. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5.9 feet above to 2.7 feet below that plane. The estimate of cost for new work is $2,585,200 (1955), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The extension of the north pier portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955, and was estimated to be $1,070,800. The estimate for annual cost 1256 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of maintenance is $80,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents May 26,1824 Breakwaters and piers; dredging entrance channel; Annual Report, 1915, p. 1965. and brushwood protection of beach of Presque Isle Peninsula.' Mar. 3,1899 Deepening channel and harbor basin to 18 feet; repair H. Doc. 70, 55th Cong., 1st sess., and extension of piers; and plant growth and emer- and Annual Report 1897, p. 3237. gency protection work on peninsula. June 15,1910 Deepening channel and part of harbor to 20 feet-...... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 26, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Nov. 28,19222 Reconveyed Presque Isle Peninsula to the State of Pennsylvania for park purposes. Aug. 30,1935 Deepening, widening, and straightening entrance H. Doc. 52, 73d Cong., 1st sess. channel, dredging channel at easterly end of harbor (contains the latest published basin, deepening a portion of harbor basin, all to map). present project dimensions; elimination of north breakwater from project; and limitation of south breakwater to a length of 1,200 feet. Mar. 2,1945 Approach channel and turning basin to the westerly H. Doc. 735, 79th Cong., 2d sess. docks. Do....... Protection of the peninsula south of the waterworks Specified in act. settling basin. Sept. 3,1954 Widen 25-foot deep approach channel to ore dock.... H. Doc. 345, 83d Cong., 2d sess.' I2Completed Public 366. under previous projects. 8 The extension of the north pier portion of this modification is to be restudied. Local cooperation. Providing an approach channel 23 feet deep, including a turning basin, to the westerly docks, is subject to the con- dition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: Provide and maintain a coal dumper and slip so that full utilization can be made of the improvement; lower the waterworks intake line where necessary; and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages incidental to the work or maintenance thereof. These conditions have not been complied with. The provision of an anchorage area by widening the 25-foot ap- proach channel from 600 to 1,200 feet, is subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. These assurances have not been complied with. Prior conditions have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The developed waterfront has a length of about 2 miles. Two groups of terminals have been established along this harbor frontage. The westerly group consists of 3 piers, 1 of which is used for sand and stone, 1 for petroleum products, and 1 for sand and petroleum products. The easterly group consists of 1 terminal for iron ore, limestone, and coal; 1 for petroleum; 1 for coal; 1 for pulpwood; 1 for sand, stone, and petroleum; 1 grain elevator; and 1 municipal pier used as a passenger terminal. There are 2 small boat RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1257 basins in which there are docks for fish, marine repair work, and small pleasure craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the exist- ing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 1, 1951, Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $10,409. The U. S. derrickboat Tonawanda removed obstructions from the project chan- nels at a cost of $1,423. Three hundred and seventy-three linear feet of the north pier were rebuilt, by contract, at a cost of $145,305. The total cost for maintenance was $157,137. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 21 percent complete. The breakwater and piers were completed in 1915. A 3,050-foot section of rubble-mound protection work on the peninsula was completed in 1921, 5,281 feet of steel sheet piling protection work with stone facing were completed in 1930, and two experimental 300- foot stone groins and about 1,385 feet of stone protection work at beach 2 were completed in 1943. The construction of 2,750 feet of stone pro- tection work, just north of the Kelso groin, was completed in 1944. The 18-foot harbor basin was deepened in 1900. Widening and straightening of the entrance channel was completed in 1936. The deepening of the entrance channel and approach channel to the east- erly docks to 25 feet, except for small triangular areas along the south- easterly and southwesterly limits of the approach channel, was com- pleted in 1939. The 21-foot harbor basin was deepened in 1940. The harbor structures are generally in poor condition. In approxi- mately 230 feet of the north pier, the concrete superstructure has dis- integrated, broken, and dropped. In the outer 200-foot section of the south breakwater, the slope stone on the channel side has pulled away and dropped. A length of 40 linear feet of the south pier and 913 linear feet of the north pier has been reinforced and repaired with steel sheet piling and concrete. In approximately 1,400 linear feet of the steel sheet piling bulkhead with stone facing adjacent to the mainland, Presque Isle protection works, constructed in 1930, the stone facing has settled, leaving the piling exposed to wave action from the lake. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging an approach channel and turning basin to the westerly docks, deepening the remaining portion of the approach channel to the easterly docks, and the conditional extension of the north pier. There is a controlling depth of 25 feet at low water datum in the entrance channel and in the approach channel to the docks at the easterly end of the harbor, 15 feet to docks at the westerly end, and 21 feet to the public docks, foot of State Street. The total costs of the existing project were $4,334,502, of which $768,075 was for new work and $3,566,427 for maintenance. In ad- dition, there was a cost and expenditure of $154,500 from contributed funds for maintenance. 1258 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: ........ Appropriated--------- ----.--- - ------------------------------ ------------ $1, 505, 042 Cost..----------. -------.-- --- -----------------.-------.------------------------ 1, 505, 042 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $72, 000 $95, 000 $99, 500 $327, 830 $115, 200 2 3, 768, 970 Cost ----------------- 71,031 91, 454 31, 206 261,176 157,137 23, 671, 328 1 Includes $736,967 for new work and $104,900 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $154,500 for maintenance were expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_-_-_--------- 1 $1, 817, 100 1 Exclusive of $1,070,800 required for the deferred for restudy portion of the project. 9. DUNKIRK HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the south shore of Lake Erie, 37 miles southwesterly from Buffalo, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 32.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1827, and was modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, by approval November 30, 1870, of the report of a board of engineers and by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. For further details of previous projects, see page 1966 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1604 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer entrance channel with depths of 17 feet in earth and 18 feet in rock, with a least width of 190 feet just inside the harbor structures, flaring to a width of 320 feet about 600 feet lakeward thereof, and extending to deep water; an inner entrance channel and basin to a depth of 16 feet, the west channel limit to be a prolongation landward of the west limit of the outer entrance channel to a point about 635 feet landward of the centerline of the west pier, thence extending to a point about 200 feet west of the west face of the city dock on a line parallel to and 25 feet south of the face of the city dock, thence extending eastward to a point about 420 feet east of the east face of the city dock, thence northerly about 270 feet meeting a line parallel to and 50 feet from the channel arm of the east breakwater; removal of a rock shoal on the west side of the inner entrance channel to a depth of 17 feet; for a pier 1,410 feet in length on the west side of the entrance channel, extending to shore, 1,037 feet of timber-cribs with concrete superstruc- ture 151/2 feet with stone superstructure, and 3571/2 feet of the shore end not maintained; and for a detached breakwater extending east- ward from the entrance channel, 2,814 feet in length, 987 feet of timber-cribs with concrete superstructure, and 1,827 feet with stone superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- RIVERS AND HARBORS BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1259 tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations produced by wind and other causes are from 6 feet above to 3 feet below that plane. The cost of new work for the completed project was $429,174, including $11,000 contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The (1954) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $17,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1827 1 Construction of west pier 1 2- _.._- - - - _...-- -5 5.._ S. Ex. Doc. 42, 35th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1866, pt. IV, p. 155. Mar. 2,1867 Breakwater 2 and excavation of entrance channel to Annual Report, 1871, p. 214. 13 feet. June 3,1896 Deepening of entrance channel and harbor 2basin to H. Doc. 63, 54th Cong., 1st sess. a depth suitable for vessels of 16-foot draft. June 25, 1910 Removal of rock reef bordering the Inner entrance H. Doec. 720, 61st Cong., 2d sess. channel. June 30, 1948 Deepening outer entrance channel to present project H. Doc. 632, 80th Cong., 2d sess. depths; removal of rock shoal on the west side of (contains latest published map). the entrance channel to a depth of 17 feet, and changed limits of the inner entrance channel and basin to present project dimensions. 2 1 Modified 1828 and 1852. Complete under previous projects. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A dock owned by the city of Dunkirk is de- signed for commercial use by large lake vessels. The terminal has been leased to private parties, but is open to all on equal terms under the terms of the lease. A yacht club dock and a privately owned marine service dock are for recreational and other small craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor performed miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys at the project at a cost of $1,682. Thirty thousand two hun- dred cubic yards, place measure, of shoaled material were removed to project depth of 17 feet over the entire area of the outer channel, by contract, at a cost of $50,988. The total cost for maintenance was $52,670. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1951 at a cost of $429,174 (including $11,000 contributed by local interests). The protecting structures are generally in good con- dition. Approximately 800 feet of the lake side of the west pier has been reinforced with stone riprap, and repairs to additional areas are necessary. The controlling depth in the outer channel is 17 feet and the inner channel and turning basin are 16 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $1,170,092, of which $418,174 was for new work and $751,918 for maintenance. In addi- tion, $11,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. 1260 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated_ _ ______ __---------- ------------ --- _------ --------------------- ------ 2$1, 229, 424 Cost $269, 796 ------------ ........----------------.... --- ---- --------------- ------- - 21, 229, 424 Maintenance: Appropriated..--------- 176, 100 -$5, 039 $4, 500 $4, 387 $53, 000 931, 208 Cost------------ ----- 102,817 146,845 2,388 4,060 52,670 928, 439 1Includes $811,250 for new work and $1.76,520 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $11,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 10. BUFFALO HARBOR, N. Y. Location. At the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of Niagara River, 176 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Charts Nos. 3 and 314.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 20, 1826, with modifications by River and Harbor Acts of July 7, 1838, June 23, 1866, June 23, 1874, June 3, 1896, March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. For further details see page 1967 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1606 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 41/2 miles long and 1,600 feet wide, formed by a breakwater system, approximately parallel to the lake shore extending from Stony Point to the head of Niagara River, and having a total length of 23,704 feet, with entrances near the north and south ends, and consisting of the Stony Point breakwater (includ- ing the south entrance arm) 3,603 feet long; the south breakwater 10,289 feet long; the old breakwater 7,608.5 feet long; the north breakwater 2,203.5 feet long; a south entrance 550 feet wide; a cen- trally located circulation gap about 150 feet wide and natural depth of 20 feet; and a north entrance 1,300 feet wide. The types of construction are as follows: 9,550 linear feet of rubble-mound, 14,154 linear feet of timber-crib substructure surmounted with 9,113 linear feet of concrete, 370.5 linear feet of stone, and 4,670.5 linear feet of stone-concrete superstructure. b. A south pier at the entrance to the inner harbor (Buffalo River), 1,760 feet long, of timber cribs and piles with concrete and stone superstructure. c. A depth of 25 feet in the south entrance and the portion of the outer harbor south of a line perpendicular to and 2,000 feet north of the southerly end of the south breakwater and a depth of 23 feet north of that line, with the westerly project limit 150 feet from the axes of the breakwaters and the easterly project limit 50 feet from the United States harbor line; and removal, to a depth of 27 feet, of 3 small shoals located on the direct route of approach to the south entrance. d. A north entrance channel, 800 feet wide with a depth of 25 feet in earth and 26 feet in rock, from deep water in the lake to RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1261 the outer harbor; and a depth of 22 feet in earth and 23 feet in rock in the Buffalo River entrance channel from the outer harbor to the junction of Buffalo River and Buffalo ship canal, with the southern project limit 5 feet from the south pier and the northern project limit 40 feet from the dock of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Company. e. Channels in Buffalo River and Buffalo ship canal with depths of 22 feet in earth and 23 feet in rock to the upper Delaware, Lack- awanna & Western Railroad Company bridge and to the Lehigh Valley Railroad canal, respectively, with widths generally of 150 and 125 feet, respectively, without dredging closer than 25 feet to dock lines except at bends, and with the rock ledge just above the Ohio Street Bridge cut back approximately 13 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordi- nary fluctuations of water surface are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations due to wind and other causes about 9 feet above and 3.5 feet below the plane. The estimate of cost for new work is $17,885,000 (1955), exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $400,000 (1954). The existing project .was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents May 20,1826 Construction of south pier (extended in 1868) 1-----......---Annual Report, 1868, pp. 222 and 232. June 23, 1866 Construction of old breakwater 1---...... -- - Annual Report, 1868, pp. 232-236. June 23, 1874 Extension of old breakwater 1- _ ___ _____ __ _. Annual Report, 1876, pt. 2, pp. 569 and 573. June 3,1896 Stony Point and south breakwater '-.. Annual Report, 1895, p. 3153. Mar. Mar. 3, 1899 3,1909 \North fo breakwater 1- ---- ................... - --- fH. Doc. 72, 55th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report 1897, p. 3245. June 6,1900 Deepening entrance channel to inner harbor and re- Specified in acts. June 13,1902 moving rock shoal therein. Mar. 2,1907 Dredging at entrance to canals at South Buffalo in Specified in act. outer harbor.l Mar. 2,19072 South entrance breakwater 1__,.------ .. H. Doc. 240, 59th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Extension of Federal project to Commercial St. and H. Doc. 298, Rivers and Harbors removal of Watson elevator site ' Committee Doc. 2, 61st Cong., 2d sess. July 25,1912 Deepening areas A, B, and D in outer harbor to 21 H. Doc. 550, 62d Cong., 2d sess. feet, and area C in north entrance to 23 feet. Mar. 2, 1919 Deepening areas F and G in outer harbor to 21 feet--.... H. Doc. 1139, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Removal of shoal between entrance channel to Buffalo H. Doc. 481, 68th Cong., 2d sess. River and Erie Basin to 21 feet. July 3,1930 Deepening areas H, I, and K in outer harbor to 21 feet_ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 1, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 3 Extension of south entrance and south breakwaters, H. Doc. 46, 73d Cong., 1st sess.4 deepening outer harbor to present project dimen- sions, and removal of shoals on approach to south entrance. Aug. 30,1935 Maintenance of channels in Buffalo River and Buffalo Rivers and Harbors Committee Ship Canal to 21 feet, in cooperation with the city Doc. 54, 74th Cong., 1st sess.4 of Buffalo. Mar. 2, 1945 Deepening the North and Buffalo River entrance H. Doc. 352, 78th Cong., 1st sess.4 channels, and deepening and maintaining the Buf- falo River and Buffalo Ship Canal to present project dimensions. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Also Sundry Civil Act of Mar. 3, 1905. 3 Authorized in part by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 4Contains latest published maps. 1262 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are approximately 50 terminals for the handling of all types of cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are iron ore, coal, grain, limestone, sand and gravel, steel products, scrap, petroleum products, automobiles, cement, and sul- fur. In general, the terminals operated by the railroads and lake transportation companies and most of the grain elevators are open to the public. The city of Buffalo owns two wharves which are used as automobile terminals. The American Shipbuilding Co. has a dry- dock and facilities for repairing lake vessels. There are also several privately owned marine service, mooring, and supply docks for lake vessels and smaller boats. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 1, revised 1951, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Deepening the right half of the Buffalo River entrance channel to project depth of 23 feet and the lower 3.5 miles of the Buffalo River channel to 22 feet, by contract, was accomplished at a cost of $910,896. Maintenance: Miscellaneous inspection services including flue dust investigations and condition surveys were accomplished by Govern- ment plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $16,066. The U. S. hopper dredge Taylor removed 256,454 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over an area of approximately 5,000 square yards of the Buffalo River entrance channel, 20,000 square yards of the south entrance channel, and 100,000 square yards of the middle section of the outer harbor for restoration of maintained depths of 22, 23, and 25 feet, at a cost of $68,614. The U. S. derrickboat Niagara repaired approximately 150 linear feet of the south breakwater at a cost of $62,992 and removed obstructions from project channels at a cost of $5,636. Maintenance of the Buffalo River and Ship Canal, by contract, was continued and 121,035 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoaled material were removed for restoration of maintained depth of 21 feet, at a cost of $139,490. The total cost was $1,203,694, of which $910,896 was for new work and $292,798 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 30 percent complete. The Stony Point breakwater was completed in 1899, a 1,000-foot extension was completed in 1914, 1,200 feet of the shore end were sold to the Lackawanna Steel Company in 1918, and another 1,000-foot extension was completed in 1935. The south breakwater was completed in 1903, and a 300-foot extension was com- pleted in 1935. The north breakwater was completed in 1901, the old breakwater in 1893, and the south pier in 1869. Removal of three shoals to 27 feet, on the direct approach to the south entrance channel was completed in 1954. Deepening of the 25-foot project area in the south entrance channel was completed in 1954. Deepening of the 25-foot project area in the southerly part of the outer harbor was completed in 1954 except for approximately 800 feet of the northern portion. Approximately 3.5 miles of the lower Buffalo River Channel were deepened to 22 feet in 1955. The right half of the Buffalo River entrance channel was deepened to 23 feet in 1955. The 23-foot project area in the outer harbor and in the north-end RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1263 entrance channel, has been deepened to project depth except for strips 50 feet wide along the harbor line and 180 feet wide between the Superior Grain Corporation's and the Merchants Refrigerating Com- pany's piers. The harbor structures are generally in good condition, except at various points of the south breakwater and old breakwater where the slope stone on the lakeside has been displaced, portions of the stone banquette on the harbor side of the old breakwater have dropped, and the riprap protection along the lakeside of the northerly 1,200 feet of the old breakwater has settled. The controlling depth in the northerly part of the outer harbor is 23 feet, and in the north and south entrance channels is 21 feet. Controlling depth in the Buffalo River channel is 20 feet, and in the southerly portion of the outer harbor is 21 feet, at low water datum. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the deepening of the north entrance channel to 25 feet in earth and 26 feet in rock; completion of deepening the Buffalo River en- trance and Buffalo River and Ship Canal to 22 feet in earth and 23 feet in rock; and completion of deepening of the 25-foot project area in the southerly part of the outer harbor; and the remainder of the 23-foot outer harbor area; all to project depths. The total costs of the existing project were $11,290,873, of which $6,263,930 including $655,500 Public Works funds, was for new work, and $5,026,943 for maintenance. In addition, $390,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated..---------.. $900, 000 $80, 000 $658,000 ----------- $1,100, 000 $10, 738, 554 Cost-------.... ---- 463, 163 489, 558 127, 913 $585, 243 910, 896 10, 541, 516 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... 250, 000 236, 000 287, 000 298, 040 284, 500 2 6, 914, 818 Cost----------------- 211, 843 319, 287 304, 077 291, 580 292, 798 26, 910, 590 1Includes $4,277,586 for new work and $1,883,647 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition, $390,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------- $42, 575 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-. 2, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________________________________ 2, 042, 575 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project________________________________ 9, 424, 000 11. BLACK ROCK CHANNEL AND TONAWANDA HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This improvement is essentially that of the upper 131/2 miles of the Niagara River from its head at Lake Erie, Buffalo, N. Y., to and including Tonawanda Harbor, N. Y. It comprises the inm- provements formerly designated by three titles; viz, Lake Erie en- 363037-55--vol. 2-80 1264 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 trance to Black Rock Harbor and Erie Basin, N. Y., Black Rock Harbor and Channel, New York, and Tonawanda Harbor and Niagara River, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 312.) Previous projects. Lake Erie section, none. The original project for Black Rock Harbor and Channel was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1829. The original project for Tonawanda Harbor and Niagara River was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. For further details, see items 5 and 7, page 1970 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1612 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 21 feet deep from Buffalo Harbor, north entrance channel, to opposite Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, total length 131 miles, as follows: From Buffalo north entrance channel to the foot of Maryland Street, Buffalo, a dis- tance of about 4,200 feet, about 1,000 to 500 feet wide, with a short branch channel leading to Erie Basin; thence 350 feet wide, narrowing to 200 feet wide, 500 feet northwest; thence generally 200 feet wide through Black Rock Channel to the ship lock at the foot of Bridge Street, a distance of 3.3 miles, widening at the curve opposite the foot of Porter Avenue and at the angle immediately south of the Interna- tional Bridge. From the lock the channel is 400 feet wide in the Niagara River to the natural deepwater pool at the upstrr m end of Rattlesnake Island, a distance of 3.4 miles; thence thrc .gh natural deepwater to the downstream end of the deepwater pool at the Tona- wanda waterworks intake crib, a distance of about 4.7 miles, widened to 500 feet opposite the Colorado Iron & Fuel Corporation's plant, by the removal of 200 feet of the westerly end of Rattlesnake Island Shoal; thence 400 feet wide to the foot of Tonawanda Island opposite Second Avenue, North Tonawanda, a distance of 5,000 feet, ending in a turning basin about 1,230 feet long and 1,250 feet wide extending to a point opposite Sixth Avenue. The project also provides for the removal of rock shoals from the Lake Erie entrance to the canal, and in the canal south of Ferry Street Bridge, to a depth of 22 feet; for a channel 6,800 feet long, and gen- erally 400 feet wide in Tonawanda inner harbor the lower 1,500 feet to be 21 feet deep and the remainder 16 feet deep; for a channel 16 feet deep, 1,400 feet long, and generally 180 feet wide in Tonawanda Creek; for a ship lock at Bridge Street, Buffalo; for a bridge over the canal at Ferry Street, Buffalo; for the repair and 800-foot extension of Bird Island pier; for the improvement and extension of the guide pier; and for the repair of the towpath wall. The project depth in the canal is referred to low water datum in Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The project depth in the river is referred to the river surface when Lake Erie is at low water datum. Ordinary fluctuations of water level above the lock are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations produced by winds and other causes, are about 9 feet above to 31/2 feet below that plane. River fluctuations gradually decrease to about 70 percent of fluctuations above the lock when they reach North Tonawanda. The estimate of cost for new work is $10,665,000 (1955), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The improvement of guide pier at the Black Rock lock is considered to be inactive and is RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1265 excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $930,800. The esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $350,000 (1954) including $200,000 for operation and care. Descriptionof Black Rock lock Location: Foot of Bridge St., Buffalo, N. Y. (in city limits). Dimensions: Length between miter sills---------------------feet. 650 Available length for full width ------------------- do__ 625 Width in clear (between fenders) _____________-- -do__ 68 Depth on miter sills at low water----------------- do_ 21. 6 Lift----------------------------------------do 5 Foundation (lock): Bedrock. Dam: Fixed. Type of construction: Lock: Concrete walls; steel mitering gates. Dam: The dam consists of Squaw Island dike and Bird Island pier lying between the canal and Niagara River. The pier was built of timber cribs filled with stone in 1822-34, chiefly by State of New York. Cost is unknown. Cost of lock- $1, 037, 213. 20 Approach walls and office storehouse____ 526, 842. 53 Total--------------------- ------ 1, 564, 055. 73 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 Dredging channel through Horseshoe Reef at outlet H. Ex. Doc. 83, 50th Cong., 1st June 3,1896 of Lake Erie and Tonawanda Inner Harbor, to 16 sess., Annual Repert, 1888, p. feet. 2066, and Annual Report, 1897, pp. 3116-3120. June 13,1902 ----- Deepening Tonawanda Creek to 16 feet.....-----..-- H. Doc. 143, 56th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report,1900, p. 4152. June 13,1902 Dredging channel from Buffalo outer harbor to foot H. Doc. 125, 56th Cong., 2d sess., Aug. 8,1917 of Maryland St. Buffalo, to 21 feet. and Annual Report, 1901, p. 3343. Mar. 3,1905 Dredging channel from foot of Maryland St., Buffalo, H. Doc. 428, 58th Cong., 2d sess. to natural deepwater pool upstream from Tona- wanda Harbor to 21 feet; construction of ship lock and bridge; and repair of Bird Island pier and towpath wall. July 27, 1916 Dredging channel along Tonawanda Island, with H. Doc. 658, 63d Cong., 2d sess. turning basin at its downstream end at the foot of the Island, to 21 feet. Mar. 2,1919 Dredging triangular area at junction with Buffalo H. Doc. 1004, 65th Cong., 2d sess., Mar. 2, 1945 north entrance channel. and ,H. Doc. 92, 79th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Widening channel at foot of Maryland St., Buffalo ... H. Doc. 981, 66th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 3,1925 Widening canal south of International Bridge and H. Doc. 289, 68th Cong., 1st sess. removal of westerly end of Rattlesnake Island Shoal. June 26,19341 Operation and care of improvements provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 19352 Removal of rock shoals in Lake Erie entrance to canal, H. Doc. 28, 73d Cong., 1st sess.4 and in canal south of Ferry Street Bridge, to 22 feet; enlargement of North Tonawanda turning basin; extension of Bird Island pier; improvement of guide pier at the lock; and elimination of upper 150 feet of Tonawanda Creek channel from the project. Mar. 2,1945 Widening Lake Erie entrance to canal_--.---------- H. Doc. 92, 79th Cong., 1st sess.a Sept. 3, 1954 Deepen lower 1,500 feet of Tonawanda inner Harbor H. Doc.423, 83d Cong., 2d sess.a and enlarge turning basin. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Authorized May 28, 1935, by Emergency Relief Administration Act of 1935. 3 Contains latest published map. 4 Improvement of guide pier at the Black Rock lock is considered to be inactive. 1266 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the deepening of the lower 1,500 feet of the Tonawanda Inner Harbor which is subject to the condition that local interests agree to- a. Furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary land, ease- ments and rights-of-way for the new work and subsequent mainte- nance. b. Hold and save the the United States free from damages which may result from construction and maintenance of further improve- ment. c. Provide and maintain suitable depth between the Federal chan- nel and adjacent terminals. Terminal facilities. There are no freight terminals along the chan- nel above the Black Rock lock. Along the upstream end of the channel there are 2 small boat har- bors, 1 unused seaplane terminal, 1 naval militia dock, 2 yacht club docks, and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks for recreational and other small craft, and 2 State-owned barge canal terminals at Erie Basin. Below the Black Rock lock and at Tonawanda Harbor, there are 8 terminals for petroleum products, 2 for iron ore, stone, and pig iron, 2 for coal, 1 for molasses, 4 for sand and gravel, 1 for lumber, and 1 for pulpwood, all of which are private. There are also two State- owned barge canal terminals at Tonawanda, N. Y. There are 7 marine service and supply docks for recreational and other small craft. The Corps of Engineers owns a wharf adjacent to the Black Rock lock, which is private. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 1, revised 1951, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspec- tion services including flue dust investigations and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project. The U. S. hopper dredge Taylor removed 43,689 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material from the Black Rock Canal and the Niagara River for restoration of project depths. The U. S. derrick- boat Niagara repaired 200 linear feet of the towpath wall, and re- moved obstructions from project channels. Operation and care-Black Rock lock: The lock was in continuous operation 270 days and closed for the winter season, January 1 through April 12, 1955, inclusive. Ordinary maintenance and repair of structures and grounds were performed throughout the year. The signal station, located on the canal at the foot of West Genessee Street, was in continuous operation 270 days. The U. S. derrickboat Niagara replaced damaged guard fenders on the upper lock walls and the lower wing wall at a cost of $7,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1267 The total costs for maintenance were distributed as follows: Operation of lock-----_ -------------------------- $160, 000 Ordinary maintenance and repairs_ - 7, 938 Lock guards and maintenance of grounds_ 15, 600 Miscellaneous, inspection services, flue dust and condi- tion surveys_ ---------------------------------- 13, 400 $196, 938 Rehabilitation: Removal of shoals from project channels-....... -- 24, 968 Repairs to towpath wall ------------------------ 10, 550 Removal of obstructions from project channels-... 9, 826 45, 344 - Total cost, all work, for maintenance_ ___ -242, 282 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 86 percent complete. The channel from Buffalo Harbor north entrance to opposite' Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, is complete. The dif- ferent sections of this channel were completed to project depth as follows: Lake Erie section in 1909; Black Rock Canal section in 1915; Niagara River section from lock to deepwater pool above Tonawanda, in 1913; and Tonawanda section, including turning basin, 1921. The channel was further widened as follows: The triangular area at Lake Erie entrance to the canal was completed in 1922 and transferred from Buffalo Harbor project in 1945; Lake Erie section was widened at the bend opposite foot of Georgia Street, Buffalo, in 1924; Black Rock Canal section, just south of the International Bridge at Buffalo, in 1928, and opposite the foot of Maryland Street, Buffalo, in 1930; and Niagara River section in the vicinity of the westerly end of the Rattle- snake Island shoal in 1928. Rock shoals extending above a depth of 21.4 feet were removed from the Lake Erie entrance to the canal and in the canal south of Ferry Street Bridge, in 1937. Rock shoals ex- tending above a depth of 22 feet were removed from the Lake Erie entrance to the canal, in Black Rock Canal, and in the Niagara River portion of the canal in 1948-1949. The Tonawanda Creek Channel was completed in 1902. Tona- wanda Inner Harbor Channel was completed in 1904. The enlarge- ment of the Tonawanda turning basin and the extension of Bird Island pier, were completed in 1936. The lock, including wing walls and retaining walls above the lock, was completed in 1914, and the 100-foot east wing wall extension in 1927. The guide pier connecting with the west lower wing wall was completed in 1916, except for the 200-foot northerly extension and construction of concrete platform in the angle. The upstream 100 linear feet of the lower West Guide pier were repaired during 1951. The bridge at Ferry Street, operated and maintained by the city of Buffalo, was completed in 1914, and the lock- operating houses in 1924. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the improvements and extension of the guide pier, as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, widening the Lake Erie entrance to the canal, construction of detached breakwater and re- moval of shoals in approach to the entrance. All structures are in poor condition. Both the towpath wall and Bird Island pier are badly deteriorated and require considerable 1268 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 annual maintenance. Several sections of the towpath wall fail yearly, requiring removal of stone and debris from the channel and repair of the structure. The operating equipment and controls for the Black Rock lock are antiquated and inefficient. The east channel face of the lock wall was repaired in 1953, and the west channel face in 1954. The upper wing wall of the lock has shifted laterally approximately 2 feet at the maximum point, and the concrete superstructure on the lower wing wall is badly cracked indicating a possible failure of the timber- crib. The controlling depths at low water datum are Black Rock Channel 21 feet, 20 feet in the Niagara River section of the channel and in the Tonawanda turning basin, Tonawanda Inner Harbor 14 feet, and Tonawanda Creek Channel, 12 feet. The costs of the existing project were $15,231,986, of which $10,066,019, including $1,764,922 Emergency Relief funds was for new work, $1,892,347 for maintenance, and $3,273,665 for operating and care. In addition, the sum of $1,356,007 was expended between July 9, 1914, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appro- priation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.------_ -$26, 201---------------------------------- 1$10,119,125 Cost__------ ----------------------------------------------------------- 110,119,125 Maintenance: Appropriated-------......... 333, 000 $233, 000 $315, 000 $310, 000 $245, 100 2 6, 539, 222 Cost----------------- 375, 018 255, 926 346, 145 303, 509 242, 282 2 6, 526, 896 1Includes $58,027 for new work for previous projects. 1 Includes $4,921.94 of Emergency Relief authority administrative costs transferred from new work to maintenance upon conversion to Programing and Budgeting System July 1, 1953, by direction of Office, Chief of Engineers. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------1 $603, 900 1 Exclusive of $930,800 required for inactive portion of project. 12. LITTLE RIVER AT CAYUGA ISLAND, NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y. Location. Little River is located entirely within the city limits of Niagara Falls, N. Y., and is a narrow branch of Niagara River sep- arated from the main east branch of Niagara River by Cayuga Is- land which is located about 6 miles above the Niagara cataract and about 5 miles below the federally improved project at the mouth of Tonawanda Creek. (See United States Lake Survey Charts Nos. 31 and 312.) Previous project. None. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 8 feet deep varying in width from 50 to 200 feet and about 1,000 feet long extend- ing from the 8-foot depth in Niagara River into the lower end of Lit- tle River. The project depth is referred to low water datum for this section of RIVERS AND HARBORS--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1269 Niagara River, elevation 563.0 feet above mean tide at New York City, which corresponds to low water datum for Lake Erie at elevation 570.5 feet. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $40,000 (1955), ex- clusive of 55 percent of the total project cost of construction to be contributed by local interests. The estimated local cost is $77,000 (1955) for construction of a public wharf and access road and the re- quired cash contribution. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 246, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the con- dition that local interests agree to-- a. Contribute in cash 55 percent of the cost of constructing the channel. b. Furnish without cost to the United States all land, easements, rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas necessary for construc- tion and for subsequent maintenance when and as required. c. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to con- struction and maintenance of the improvement. d. Provide necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing open to all on equal terms. e. Establish a public body to regulate the use, growth, and develop- ment of the improvement facilities. f. Prevent the discharge of any sewage into Cayuga Creek detri- mental to the use and development of the harbor. These conditions have not been complied with. Terminal facilities. No waterborne commerce other than recrea- tional boating facilities. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Conditions at end of fiscal year. No work has been done. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------- $40, 000 13. NIAGARA RIVER, N. Y. Location. This improvement covers that portion of the Niagara River from Tonawanda Harbor, N. Y., to Niagara Falls, N. Y., a distance of 7'1/2 miles, and compensating works near the head of the river. The downstream limit of the improvement is about 16 miles from the mouth of the river at Lake Ontario. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 312.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 13, 1892, August 18, 1894, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1970 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1619 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the east channel from the downstream end of the existing 21-foot channel opposite Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, to the upstream end of the 12.7-foot channel near the Niagara Falls waterworks intake crib; and for a channel 12.7 feet deep and from 300 to 400 feet wide from the Navy Island channel (natural) to the 1270 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARVY, 1955 foot of Hyde Park Boulevard (formerly called Sugar Street), Niag- ara Falls, N. Y. The project also provides for the construction of compensating works just above the contracted section of the river at Fort Erie, this work forming a part of the project for deeper channels in the connect- ing waters of the Great Lakes. The project depths are referred to the river surface when Lake Erie is at low water datum, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water level are from 3 feet above to low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5:1/2 feet above to 11/2 feet below that plane. The estimate of cost for new work is $463,000 (1954) exclusive of $27,563 contributed by local interests and amounts expended on pre- vious projects. The construction of the compensating works portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $2,887,000. The estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $12,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Dredging channel from the Navy Island natural H. Doc. 549, 62d Cong., 2d sess. channel to the Niagara Falls waterworks channel, and deepening the last-named channel to the foot of Hyde Park Blvd. all to depth of 12.7 feet. July 3, 1930 Deepening channel from North Tonawanda to the H. Doc.1 No. 289, 71st Cong., 2d Niagara Falls waterworks intake crib, to 12 feet. sess. Do . Construction of compensating works .....-------------- H. Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess.' 2 1 Contain latest published maps. 2The construction of the compensating works is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is one terminal, which is occupied by a builder's supply company, whose facilities are open to shippers of commodities for which the facilities are suited. These facilities are considered adequate for the small amount of existing commerce. Two yacht club docks and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed minor obstructions from the project channels and performed miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys at the project at a cost of $7,942 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion. The east channel from North Tonawanda to the Niagara Falls waterworks intake and Schlossers Channel from Niagara Falls waterworks intake to the foot of Hyde Park Boulevard, were completed in 1934. The work remaining to be done is the construction of the compensating works just above the contracted section of the river at Fort Erie. The controlling depth in the channels is 11.6 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $557,836, of which $463,387, including $94,512 public works funds, was for new work RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1271 and $94,449 for maintenance. In addition, $27,563 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-......... ----------- ----------- ------- --- --------- ------------ -- i $531, 894 Cost.------------------------------.------------ ------------------------ 12 531, 894 Maintenance: Appropriated......... $72 ------------. _$6, 000 $9, 042 $8, 300 95, 415 .. Cost--------------------.................. ----- ------------ 5, 841 8, 593 7, 942 94, 449 1Includes $68,507 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $27,563 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project----------------------- ( 1$2, 887, 000 required for construction of the compensating works which is considered to be inactive. 14. NIAGARA REMEDIAL WORKS, N. Y. Location. The improvement is located in the Niagara River adja- cent to the cities of Niagara Falls, N. Y., and Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. (See U. S. Lake Survey Charts Nos. 312 and 31.) Previousproject. Authorized by Senate executive resolution dated November 27, 1941, ratifying Executive G, 77th Congress. For further details, see pages 2189 and 2190 of the Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the follow- ing: (1) Chippawa-Grass Island Pool control structure extending 1,550 feet from the Canadian shore out into the Niagara River parallel to the existing submerged weir and about 300 feet downstream there- from. With the exception of an approach fill adjacent to the Canad- ian shore, the structure will consist entirely of piers and 13 movable control gates; (2) excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades lying immedi- ately upstream from the Canadian flank of the Horseshoe Falls and a crest fill on that flank about 100 feet long; (3) excavation in the Horse- shoe Cascades lying immediately upstream from the Goat Island flank of the Horseshoe Falls and a crest fill on that flank about 300 feet long. Construction of the Chippawa-Grass Island Pool control structure and excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades on the Canadian flank will be accomplished by the Government of Canada. Excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades on the Goat Island flank will be accomplished by the Government of the United States. The estimate of cost for new work is $13,800,000 (1955) exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. In accordance with article II of 1950 treaty, costs will be divided equally between the Governments of United States and Canada. The annual cost for operation and maintenance is estimated to be $100,000 (1952). The existing project was authorized by a treaty concerning the uses of the waters of the Niagara River between the United States and Canada, as signed at Washington, D. C., on February 27, 1950, ap- proved by the Canadian Parliament on June 14, 1950, consented to by 1272 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the U. S. Senate on August 9, 1950, and put into force by an exchange of ratifications at Ottawa on October 10, 1950. By letter dated July 14, 1953 from the Secretary of State to the Secretary of the Army, the Department of the Army was designated as the agency of the United States to perform its obligations with respect to planning, supervision and construction of the remedial works, to obtain the appropriation of funds necessary to carry on the work con- nected with the whole project, and to disburse such funds in connection with the performance of the work. By letter dated July 28, 1953, the Secretary of the Army accepted the arrangements and designated the Chief of Engineers to supervise the necessary planning and construc- tion. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. (1) Canadian opera- tions: Construction of control structure was continued during the year by the Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commission; and, excavation and crest fill on the Canadian flank of the Horseshoe Falls were initi- ated during April 1955. Vouchers from Canada in the amount of $1,923,390 were received during the year for reimbursement by the United States. (2) United States operations: Engineering studies in connection with the project and review of plans and specifications for work being performed by Canada were continued. Construction by contract for excavation and crest fill on United States flank of Horse- shoe Falls was continued. Construction of a gauge house above the falls was completed. Reimbursements from Canada in the amount of $387,897 were received during the year by the United States. Total costs for the year to the United States were $2,207,273, all new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of construction work currently underway; and construction of a gauge house by the United States below the falls. Total costs of the existing project to the United States were $3,121,043 all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ... ...----------------------------------- $1, 500,000 $2, 000, 000 1 $3, 863, 864 Cost ....-------------------.........-- ------------------------ 913, 800 2, 207, 273 13, 484, 917 Maintenance: Appropriated ........-------------------------------------------..... ....... ------------ 12, 337 Cost----------------................ -----------------------------------. ------------............ 12, 337 I Includes $363,864 cost for submerged weir, Niagara River, N. Y. 2 Costs incurred for maintenance of submerged weir, Niagara River, N. Y. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $221, 076 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_... 2,400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________________________-_______ _ 2,621, 076 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_------- 1,000, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1273 15. ROCHESTER (CHARLOTTE) HARBOR, N. Y. Location. On the south shore of Lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Genesee River, 59 miles westerly from Oswego, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Charts Nos. 2 and 238.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829, August 2, 1882, and by authority of the Chief of Engineers on July 18, 1896, and March 2, 1897. For further details, see page 1971 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1623 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel from deep water in the lake to New York Central Railroad bridge near the mouth of the river on an alinement centrally located with respect to the entrance piers, and with a width of 300 feet lakeward of the pier- heads and 200 feet shoreward of the pierheads, and a depth of 20 feet, and for a turning basin of the same depth, 600 feet in width, opposite the municipal terminal; thence for maintenance of a chan- nel 20 feet deep and approximately 150 feet wide to a point 200 feet upstream from the Genesee docks, without dredging closer than 50 feet to existing bulkheads; and for parallel piers of the timber- crib type with concrete superstructure, about 450 feet apart, from the lake to the pool at the mouth of the Genesee River, the west pier to be 3,036 feet long and the east pier 2,699 feet long. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Ontario, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 feet below water datum, and fluctuations due to winds are small. The cost of new work for the completed project was $78,614, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1829 Construction of piers 1--.............................. Annual Report, 1874, p. 247. Aug. 2,1882 Extension of piers to 15-foot contour in the lake 1 ....- Annual Report, 1881, p. 2437. Concrete superstructure on piers 1................. Annual Report, 1905, p. 2393. June 25, 1910 .......------ Deepening channel to 20 feet--------- - H. Doc. 342, 61st Cong., 2d sess3 Aug. 30, 19352 Dredging of the entrance channel and turning basin, H. Doc. 484, 72d Cong., 2d sess. and the elimination of the inner ends of the east and west piers, all to present project dimensions. Mar. 2,1945 Maintenance of the existing channel upstream of the H. Doc. 139, 76th Cong., 1st ses New York Central RR. bridge. 1Completed under previous projects. 2 Authorized May 28, 1935, by Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is 1 coal terminal, 1 inactive car-ferry terminal, and 1 municipal passenger and miscellaneous freight termi- nal, all open to the public. Two yacht club docks, and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks, are for recreational and other small craft. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. 1274 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operationsand results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $5,697. The U. S. hopper dredge Lymnan removed 145,744 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the entire area of the entrance channel and turn- ing basin and approximately one mile of the Genesee River Channel for restoration of project depth of 20 feet, at a cost of $44,671. Con- tract for rebuilding 550 linear feet of the east pier, commenced in fiscal year 1954, was completed; the cost for the year was $137,154. The total cost for maintenance was $187,522. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1935 at a cost of $78,614. A length of 1,265 linear feet of the west pier has been reinforced and repaired with steel sheet piling and con- crete. An additional 1,080 feet of the west pier and the lakeward 700 feet of the east pier crib and superstructure are failing, the crib filling stode has escaped and the concrete is badly cracked. A length of 550 linear feet of the east pier was reinforced and repaired with steel sheet piling and concrete during 1954 and 1955. The present channel was completed in 1935. The channel is unstable and requires annual dredging to maintain project depth. The controlling depth in the river channel and the turning basin is 20 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $1,810,282, of which $78,614 was for new work and $1,731,668 for maintenance. These costs include Emergency Relief funds in the amount of $57,284 of which $56,806 was for new work and $478 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated--------.........------------..........---.....--............------------........------------........------------ $326, 408 Cost-------------------------------------------------------------------- 326, 408 Maintenance: Appropriated ......... $54, 000 $54, 500 $144, 000 $267,378 $53, 500 2, 352, 157 Cost----------------................ 56, 802 61, 506 72, 656 204, 523 187, 522 2, 349, 197 1 Includes $247,794 for new work and $617,529 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $478 of Emergency Relief authority administrative costs transfered from new work to main- tenance upon conversion to Programing and Budgeting System July 1, 1953, by direction of Office, Chief of Engineers. 16. GREAT SODUS BAY HARBOR, N. Y. Location. On Sodus Bay, which is a nearly landlocked indentation of the south shore of Lake Ontario, 29 miles westerly from Oswego, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 234.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829, and June 23, 1866. For further details, see page 1972 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1626 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel parallel to the entrance piers, extending from deep water in the lake to deep water in the bay, 22 feet deep and 300 feet wide to just lakeward of the RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1275 pierheads, thence narrowing to 200-foot width with 20-foot depth between the piers, widening to 300-foot width with 20-foot depth to deep water in Great Sodus Bay; for parallel piers, 450 feet apart, of timber-cribs with concrete superstructure, the west pier 1,580 feet long and the east pier 1,294 feet long; for an east breakwater, 1,653 feet long, of timber-cribs with concrete superstructure, extending from the inner end of the east pier to Charles Point; and for a west break- water, 2,200 feet long, of stone-filled timber-cribs, extending from the inner end of the west pier to Sodus Point, not maintained. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Ontario, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctu- ations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot below lov water datum, and fluctuations due to wind are small. The cost of new work for the completed project was $249,187, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $40,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1829 Construction of piers and breakwater 1--.---_ Annual Report, 1876, pt. II, p. 589. Aug. 2, 1882 Extension of piers to 15-foot contour in the lake-...... Annual Report, 1881, p. 2442. Mar. 3, 1925 Deepening and widening of channel to 18-foot depth H. Doc. 192, 68th Cong., 1st sess.2 and 150-foot width. July 3, 1930 Widening channel lakeward of the piers to 250 feet.... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 17, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging channel to present project dimensions....-- Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 Doc. 23, 72d Cong., 1st sess. i Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is one coal terminal which is open to shippers of coal, one fish dock which is private, and one passenger tour boat dock. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. These terminals are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations andresults during fiscal year. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 30,066 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over entire length of the entrance channel for the restoration of proj- ect depths of 20 and 22 feet, at a cost of $23,495, and performed mis- cellaneous inspection services and condition surveys at the project, at a cost of $5,584. The total cost for maintenance was $29,079. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1940 at a cost of $249,187. The piers are generally in poor condi- tion. In a 450-foot section of the east pier and a 500-foot section of the west pier, the concrete superstructure is badly disintegrated and cracked. The controlling depths are 22 feet in the entrance channel, and 20 feet in the channel between the piers. The total costs of the existing project were $989,163, of which $249,187 was for new work, and $739,976 for maintenance. 1276 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: , Appropriated -------.......-- --- --- -------------------------------- ------------ i $610, 959 Cost ...----------------------.-- ------------------------------ ... . ----------- 1610, 959 Maintenance: Appropriated--------_ $10, 500 -$2, 500 $13, 300 $17, 020 $28, 000 740, 037 Cost---------- -------- 9, 842 2, 205 12, 245 17, 058 29, 079 739, 976 1 Includes $361,772 for new work for previous projects. 17. OSWEGO HARBOR, N. Y. Location. On the south shore of Lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Oswego River, 59 miles easterly from Rochester, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 225.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1827, March 2, 1831, June 23, 1866, July 25, 1868, July 11, 1870, March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, the Sundry Civil Act of March 3, 1893, and River and Harbor Acts of August 18, 1894, June 3, 1896, March 2, 1907, and March 2, 1919. For further details, see page 1973 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1630 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor, about 280 acres in area, formed by a system of breakwater comprising an outer west breakwater 4,478 feet long connected with the shore, consisting of 4,359 feet of stone-filled timber- cribs with concrete superstructure and 119 feet of rubble-mound con- struction; a west arrowhead rubble-mound breakwater 2,700 feet long; an east arrowhead rubble-mound breakwater about 1,180 feet long; and an outer east rubble-mound breakwater about 4,900 feet long, con- nected with the shore. b. A depth of 21 feet in soft material and 22 feet in hard material in the west outer harbor west of the east side of the Lackawanna coal dock; a depth of 21 feet in the outer harbor between the arrowhead breakwaters, in the west outer harbor east of the Lackawanna coal dock, and between the harbor lines in the Oswego River north of the north line of Seneca Street; no dredging to be done within 100 feet of the breakwaters nor within 50 feet of the established harbor lines, except in the river. c. A channel 250 feet wide in the east outer harbor, and an irregu- lar shaped basin at the easterly end, with depths of 18 feet in soft material and 19 feet in hard material. d. Maintenance of 145 feet of the west inner breakwater. e. A detached breakwater 850 feet long at the harbor entrance and the removal of shoals to a depth of 25 feet below low water datum in the approach to the entrance. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake On- tario, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1277 fluctuations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and fluctuations due to wind are small. The estimate of cost for new work is $20,716,000 (1955). The esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $47,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 Construction of outer west breakwater 1------------Annual Report 1870, pp. 54, 220, and 221. Mar. 2, 1907 Repair of outer west breakwater under plan (A)1 ---- H. Doc. 55, 58th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 Construction of arrowhead breakwaters; deepening Rivers and Harbors Committee outer harbor between the arrowhead breakwaters, Doec. 24, 71st Cong., 2d sess. the west outer harbor east of Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western coal dock, and Oswego River north of Seneca St., to 21 feet; and deepening west outer harbor, west of Delaware, Lackawanna & Western coal dock, to 16 feet. Aug. 30,1935 Widening of channel to harbor lines in Oswego River Rivers and Harbors Committee north of Seneca St. Doec. 7, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Oct. 17,1940 Closing the gap in the west breakwater; deepening H. Doec. 96, 76th Cong., 1st sess. the west outer harbor, west of the east line of the Lackawanna coal dock, to project depth. June 30, 1948 Construction of east outer breakwater; removal of H. Doec. 722, 80th Cong., 2d sess. inner end of east arrowhead breakwater; and dredging channel and basin in east outer harbor. 2 Sept. 3,1954 Construction of detached breakwater at the harbor H. Doec. 487, 81st Cong., 2d sess. entrance and the removal of shoals in the approach to the harbor entrance to a depth of 25 feet. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of June 30, 1948, provides for construc- tion of the east outer harbor, provided local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide with- out cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, and rights- of-way necessary for construction of the project and subsequent maintenance, as and when required; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project; construct a wharf about 1,300 feet long, including the necessary extension of the water intake line, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, and construct handling and stor- age facilities of such design and capacity as to insure expeditious handling and adequate storage for the wood pulp required by paper mills in the vicinity, and for prospective commerce in soybeans; dredge and maintain the area between the project limit and wharf face to project depth; and agree to receive, handle and store, at reasonable and equal terms to all, the wood pulp requirements of paper mills in the vicinity. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished and submitted for approval. The assurances were returned without action because they were not in strict accordance with the requirements. Negotiations are in progress to obtain the revised assurances. The construction of the detached breakwater and the removal of shoals in the approach to the entrance are subject to the provision that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. These assurances 1278 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 have not been received. All prior conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. One coal terminal and two State-owned termi- nals for grain and barge canal traffic are open to the public. Two terminals for coal, 1 for cement, 1 for woodpulp, and 1 for fish are private. One dock owned by the State naval militia and 1 by the city of Oswego are used by recreational craft. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspec- tion services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $8,260. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 48,513 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over an area of 150,000 square yards of the outer harbor for the restoration of project depths of 21 and 22 feet at a cost of $19,567. The total cost for maintenance was $27,827. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 20 percent complete. The west outer breakwater was completed in 1882, and was originally 6,032 feet long with a 119-foot gap near the westerly end, but was reduced to 4,359 feet in 1931, and the gap was closed in 1942. The west arrowhead breakwater was completed in 1931, and the east arrowhead breakwater in 1932. The old lighthouse pier, a part of the west inner breakwater, and the upper and lower islands in Oswego River, were removed in 1931. A depth of 21 feet was obtained in Oswego River to within 50 feet of the harbor line and in the outer harbor east of the Lackawanna coal dock, except a strip about 200 feet wide along the harbor line east of the mouth of the river, in 1932. The channel in Oswego River was widened to the harbor lines in 1937. A channel, 16 feet deep and 100 feet wide, with a turning basin at its westerly end, was dredged in 1932 in the outer harbor west of the Lackawanna coal dock. The channel was widened to 250 feet and deepened to 21 feet below low water datum in 1948. The breakwaters are generally in fair condition except that the riprap protection along the lake side of the old west breakwater for a length of approximately 1,000 feet has settled, and a 400-foot portion of the concrete section has disintegrated and broken; slope stone in portions of the west arrowhead breakwater has disintegrated and settled and the core stone in a 1,500-foot section of the west breakwater has settled in many places. A depth of 21 feet at low water datum is available in the Oswego River to the north line of Seneca Street, and in the outer harbor east of the Lackawanna coal dock, except in a 200-foot wide strip along the harbor line east of the mouth of the Oswego River which has a con- trolling depth of 18 feet. The 250-foot channel in the outer harbor west of the Lackawanna coal dock and the turning basin have a con- trolling depth of 21 feet at low water datum. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the deep- ening of the 200-foot strip along the harbor line east of the Oswego River, deepening the remainder of the outer harbor west of the Lacka- wanna coal dock, and construction of the east outer harbor. The total costs of the existing project were $5,107,887, of which $4,260,354 was for new work and $847,533 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1279 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------- -$867 -------...---------------------------.........---------. $5, 448, 332 Cost--------------------- --------- ---------------------------------- 5, 448, 332 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 32, 000 $6, 000 $57, 000 $62, 836 $26, 600 1, 793,061 Cost _- -- 33, 708 5, 519 56, 619 63, 216 27, 827 1, 793, 217 1Includes $1,187,977 for new work and $945,684 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $36, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30,'1956_ ------------------------------------------ 36, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- --- 16, 419, 600 18. OGDENSBURG HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the south bank of the St. Law- rence River, 62 miles by water from Lake Ontario. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 13.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1867, August 2, 1882, and September 19, 1890, by authority of the Chief of Engineers dated February 27, 1897; and by River and Har- bor Act of March 3, 1899. For further details of previous projects, see page 1975 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1635 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an upper entrance channel 400 feet wide, a city waterfront channel 350 feet wide, and for a lower entrance channel 250 feet wide, all suitably widened at entrances to, and at angles in channels, and all 19 feet deep; and for a lower basin 2,400 to 3,500 feet wide and 21 feet deep, extending from deep water in the river to within 50 feet of the existing dock lines. The project depths are referred to the river surface when Lake Ontario is at low water datum, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary seasonal fluctuations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum. Other fluctua- tions due to wind and other causes are small. The estimate of cost for new work is $375,000 (1954), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The removal of remain- ing hard-material shoals from the lower basin portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $183,000. The estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $15,000 (1954). 363037-55-vol. 2- 81 1280 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 Deepening the several channels to 19 feet ....--------- H. Doc. 920, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1919 Widening upper entrance channel to 400 feet, and H. Doc. 663, 64th Cong., 1st sess. city front to 350 feet. 2 Aug. 30, 1935' Enlarging and deepening lower basin to 21 feet, and H. Doc. 266, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ' removal of old elevator wharf. 1 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. 3 Removal of remaining hard-material shoals in lower basin is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Two terminals for coal, 6 for petroleum prod- ucts, 1 for pulpwood, and 1 for sand, are private. There is a car-ferry terminal and a terminal for a passenger and automobile ferry. The city of 6 gdensburg owns a terminal which is used by large passen- ger vessels, and is open to the public. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor performed miscellaneous inspection services and condi- tion surveys at the project at a cost of $3,166 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion. The channels were deepened to 19 feet in 1913. The upper entrance channel was widened to 400 feet in 1920 and to 700 feet in 1935. Removal of the elevator wharf and deepening of the lower basin were completed in 1935, except for the removal of hard-material shoals, which remains to be done to complete the project. There is a controlling depth of 17 feet in the channels, and a depth of 20 feet in the lower basin, at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $801,670, of which $375,086, including $174,549 Public Works funds, were for new work and $426,584 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated-------.........----------------------------------------- ------------ $646, 465 Cost-------- -------------------------------------------------------- 646, 465 Maintenance: Appropriated--------.. $14, 000 -$1, 000 $1, 500 $6,015 $2,000 557, 907 Cost-----------------10, 002 4, 163 816 5, 023 3, 166 557, 096 1 Includes $271,380 for new work and $130,512 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project ------------------------- (1) 1 $183,000 required for removal of hard-material shoals portion of project which is inactive. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1281 19. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount Report Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Barcelona Harbor, N. Y ______.. 1947 $72, 216 ..-------------- 1 $1, 054, 400 2. Big (Cunningham) Creek, Ohio 2___________ (3) 419, 763 ............ __ 3. Black River Harbor, N. Y.5..----------------- (3) 4 42, 401 4. Cape Vincent Harbor, N. Y.. - _ 1951 275, 082 $36, 254 159, 200 5. Cattaraugus Creek, N. Y.7 .................. (3) 57, 410 ............ __ 6. Grand View Bay, N. Y.-.------------------- 1948 1, 524 ----.--.--... -- 8424, 600 7. Grasse River (Massena), N. Y.5 9 1891 4 9, 000 .. _____ _. 8. Little Sodus Bay Harbor, N. Y......-------------- 1953 69, 066 535, 071 (10) 9. Morristown Harbor, N. Y-__ - -_ 1949 6, 221 9, 106 (10) 10. Oak Orchard Harbor, N. Y...---------------- 1947 214, 110 ... 11624, 500 11. Olcott Harbor, N. Y-...................... . 1953 140, 210 283, 699 (10) 12. Port Bay, N. Y. ------------------------------------------------------- 12737, 000 13. Port Ontario Harbor, N. Y.---__-- ........ . 1949 56, 904 ....-........- 13961, 100 14. Pultneyville Harbor, N. Y.14- __ 1934 68, 219 20, 087 15. Rocky River, Ohio__-.......-______-____ 1953 83, 971 59, 364 (10) 16. Sackets Harbor, N. Y..................-------------------- 1948 25, 010 -------------- 379, 000 17. Sandusky River, Ohio a__-_________ ___ __ 1894 4 58, 000 18. Vermilion Harbor, Ohio ___________-..-.--. -- 1949 133, 278 60, 581 (10) 19. Waddington Harbor, N. Y _______.................. 1932 4 35, 500 -------------- 120, 000 20. Wilson Harbor, N. Y............__ __ ...... ... 1953 387, 319 44, 256 (10) 1 Local interests required to contribute $7,500 additional. Costs include $56,616 expended on previous projects. 2 No commerce reported. 3 Only information available is in index to the reports of the Chief of Engineers. 4 Amount includes maintenance; not separable. 5Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 6 To be restudied. Estimate revised July 1954. ?Abandonment recommended in Ex. Doc. 16, 35th Cong., 1st sess. 8 Local interests required to contribute $79,300 additional. 9 Channel improved by local interests. to Completed. 11Local interests required to contribute $170,700 additional. 12Local interests required to contribute $200,000 additional. 13Local interests required to contribute $211,300 additional. 14Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 375, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 15Inactive. Completion not warranted by present navigation traffic. Estimate revised July 1954. 16 Local interests required to contribute $28,000 additional. Project is inactive as uncompleted portion is not required by local interests. Existing conditions will be altered by the St. Lawrence seaway project. Estimate revised July 1954. 20. BATAVIA AND VICINITY, TONAWANDA CREEK, N. Y. Location. Tonawanda Creek passes through the city of Batavia, N. Y., and joins Niagara River about 68 miles downstream of the city. The city of Batavia, N. Y., is located in Genesee County. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Attica, Medina, Albion, and Batavia, N. Y.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the flood protection of the city of Batavia and vicinity by improvements to the channel of Tonawanda Creek consisting of: widening the creek chan- nel from a point approximately three-quarters of a mile westerly of the west city line of Batavia to the municipal dam in Batavia; bank protection between Oak and Walnut Streets; and minor channel clearing above the municipal dam to the Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge. Removal of the bridge pier of the abandoned Attica Branch of the New York Central Railroad is to be done by local interests at no cost to the United States. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $344,000 (1955). The estimated local cost for lands and damages is $238,000 (1955). 1282 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 30, 1948 (S. Doc. 46, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements as pro- vided by law, local interests have agreed to assume responsibility for the removal of the abandoned bridge pier and the relocation of any utilities. Assurance of local cooperation have been furnished and were accepted by the District Engineer, Buffalo district, on August 25, 1954. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Preparation of detailed plans and specifications for the flood protection work were completed by hired labor. Construction of the flood protection works from a point about three-quarters of a mile westerly of the west city line of Batavia to the municipal dam was initiated by contract on November 15, 1954. The total cost for the year was $161,947. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the flood protection works was under way. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of construction of flood protection work downstream of the municipal dam, by contract, and channel clearing, by hired labor, up- stream from the municipal dam to the Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge. The total cost of the existing project was $207,378. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ..... .. $26, 000 $20,000 $297, 800 $343, 800 Cost_--_ __--- 26, 000 19, 431 161, 947 207, 378 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $35, 016 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------- ------- ------------ 35, 016 21. WELLSVILLE, GENESEE RIVER, N. Y. Location. The village of Wellsville, N. Y., is located in Allegany County, and is situated at the junction of Dyke Creek with Genesee River. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Wellsville, N. Y.) Existing project. Provides for: a. Improvement of Genesee River to provide a channel with a bot- tom width of 100 feet from a point 2,700 feet downstream from the Bolivar Road Bridge to Dyke Creek and 75 feet from Dyke Creek to the water supply dam near the southern boundary of the village, b. Improvement of Dyke Creek to provide a channel with a bottom width of 50 feet from the mouth of the creek to a point 4,500 feet up- stream, c. Excavation of the banks and protection of these banks against erosion, and d. Underpinning of the South Main Street highway bridge over Dyke Creek, and the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad bridge over Genesee FLOOD CONTROL---BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1283 River, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $1,130,000 (1955), exclusive of $50,000 to be contributed by local interests. The esti- mated local cost for lands, damages, and necessary alterations to utili- ity crossings and bridges is $148,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 232, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to con- tribute $50,000 toward the construction cost, and make any necessary alterations to utility crossings and bridges. Local interests were re- quested to furnish assurances of local cooperation, and have indicated that assurances will be furnished by them upon receipt of a definite project plan of the proposed work in order that a determination of their responsibilities can be made. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Preparation of detailed plans and specifications for the flood protection work was continued, by hired labor. The total cost for the year was $15,284. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been started. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of detailed plans and specifications, by hired labor, and construction, by continu- ing contract, of the flood protection work. The total cost of the existing project was $49,929. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated_ ------- $38, 000 __ - $26, 000 $64,000 Cost_ - ....... __-_-23, 291 $11, 354 15,284 49, 929 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ $14, 070 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- 350, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____________________________________ 364, 070 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project________________________________ 716, 000 22. MOUNT MORRIS RESERVOIR, GENESEE RIVER, N. Y. Location. The dam site is on the Genesee River 66.9 miles above the mouth of the river and approximately 32 miles southwesterly of Rochester, N. Y. The reservoir area is in Livingston and Wyoming Counties, N. Y. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Nunda and Portage, N. Y.) Existing project. This provides for a reservoir at Mount Morris for flood control and other purposes. Present plans provide for the construction of a concrete gravity dam rising about 210 feet above the riverbed with an uncontrolled overflow spillway and gate-controlled outlet sluices through the overflow section of the dam, and a reservoir 1284 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 with a storage capacity of 337,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. Pro- visions for the future development of power at the site will consist of two penstocks through the dam near the left abutment. The reservoir will be operated for the protection of the city of Rochester, the Genesee River flats from Rochester to Mount Morris, and the lower Canaseraga Valley. The estimated Federal cost is $23,397,000 (1954) for construction, including $379,300 for the acquisition of lands in the reservoir area and exclusive of $5,000 contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance and operation is $60,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 615, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Reservoir regulation and miscellaneous engineering studies were continued dur- ing the year at a total cost of $7,355. Operation and maintenance: Operation and ordinary maintenance of the dam, reservoir and service facilities, and condition and operation studies were done during the year at a cost of $54,773. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 99 per- cent complete. Construction of the concrete gravity-type dam was initiated by contract on March 26, 1948, and completed on May 16, 1952. Clearing of the reservoir area and construction of all appur- tenances have all been completed. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of engineering studies for regulation and construction of comfort station. The total cost of existing project was $23,447,676, of which $23,324,- 617 was for new work and $123,059 for maintenance. In addition, $5,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_- -$7, 500,000 $5, 000,000 -$539, 500 -$28, 000 -$42, 000 I $23, 327, 100 Cost...------------ 8,136, 910 1,771, 734 261, 722 32, 927 7, 355 123, 324, 617 Maintenance: Appropriated.__ _ _ ......_ ..... _ _ __.25, 000 53, 000 47, 100 125, 100 Cost_---------..... I - 25, 000 43, 287 54, 773 123, 059 1In addition $5,000 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $288 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------- ----------- 288 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project------------------------------- - 69, 900 23. DANSVILLE AND VICINITY, GENESEE RIVER, N. Y. Location. The village of Dansville, N. Y., is located on Mill Creek, a tributary of Canaseraga Creek, which is a tributary of Genesee River. Mill Creek flows through the southwest corner of Dansville FLOOD CONTROr--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1285 and joins Canaseraga Creek about one-half mile downstream of Dansville. Canaseraga Creek flows generally northwesterly from its junction with Mill Creek, for about 19.3 miles to its confluence with Genesee River. The village of Cummingsville is located on Canaseraga Creek about 11/2 miles downstream of the confluence of Mill and Canaseraga Creeks. The villages of Dansville and Cum- mingsville are located in Livingston County. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Wayland, N. Y.) Existing project. Improvement of Canaseraga Creek at Cummings- ville and at the sewage disposal plant, both in the vicinity of Dansville, N. Y., by channel work, levee or dike enlargement and construction, and bank-protection works. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $252,000 (1955), exclusive of 70 percent of the cost of the construction of erosion pro- tection at the sewage disposal plant to be contributed by local interests. The estimated local cost is $65,000 (1955) for lands, relocations and the required cash contribution. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 206, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to con- tribute 70 percent of the cost of construction of erosion protection for the Dansville municipal sewage disposal plant, and hold and save the United States free from any future claims that the Federal Gov- ernment should participate in providing additional protection for the sewage disposal plant or in its operation or maintenance. Assurances have not been received to date. Operationand results during fiscal year. New work: Preparation of detailed plans and specifications for the flood protection work were continued by hired labor. The total cost for the year was $1,049. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been started. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of detailed plans and specifications by hired labor, and construction by continuing contract, of the flood protection work. The total cost of the existing project was $12,248. Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---- ......... ---------------------------------- .$11, 800 $1,000 $12, 800 ---------------- Cost................. - --------------------------- 11, 199 1,049 12, 248 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $552 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending _ June 30, 1956 -------------------------------------------- 552 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-------------------------____ 239, 200 1286 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 24. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to port Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Caledonia, Genesee River, N. Y.1- . ...------ _.... _ ._ ______........._. $46, 000 2. Chittenango Creek and tributaries, New York a_ 1948 $12, 464-------------- 3 633, 600, 3. Hammondsport, Oswego River Basin, N. Y_- 1951 18, 691 --------------. 742, 300 4. Ithaca, Oswego River Basin, N. Y.: Active-Cascadilla Creek_......_-......... 1950 8, 159 ...-------------- 385, 800 Deferred--Fall Creek 2____________________ 1950 12, 300 576, 000 5. Lancaster, Cayuga Creek, N. Y__---------- 1954 797, 300 ___________ (4) 6. Montour Falls, Oswego River Basin, N. Y ---- 1954 51, 669, 243 --- - - (4) 7. Owasco Inlet and Outlet, Montville and Dry Creek, State Ditch and Crane Brook, N. Y.6_ 1950 281, 559 -_ 33, 500 8. Syracuse, Oswego River Basin, N. Y .........- 1954 73, 349, 248 (4) 9. Watkins Glen, Oswego River Basin, N. Y.... 1952 38, 340 ___________- 1, 152, 000 1 To be restudied. Estimate revised July 1954. 2 To be restudied. Estimate revised July 1954. 8 Local interests requiredto contribute $25,000 additional. SCompleted. 6 Revoked during fiscal year $28,257. 6 Inactive. Portion of the work for State ditch has been done by local interests, and work on Crane Brook has been deferred at the request of local interests pending completion of the State throughway construc- tion. Estimate revised July 1954. 7 Expended for general supervision during fiscal year $100. 25. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Inspections of the completed flood control works in the Buffalo district were made during the year at a cost of $461. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 26. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Snagging and clearing by hired labor of Canaseraga Creek Chan- nel, N. Y., was completed, at a cost for the year of $544. Snagging and clearing by hired labor, of approximately 2.5 miles of Cold Spring Brook Channel, N. Y., was completed at a cost for the year of $14,475. Snagging and clearing by hired labor of Glen Brook Channel, Hammondsport, N. Y., was completed at a cost for the year of $168. Snagging and clearing by hired labor of approximately 6 miles of Keshequa Creek Channel, Nunda, N. Y., was accomplished at a cost for the year of $26,375. Snagging and clearing by hired labor of approximately 1.5 miles of Skaneateles Creek, Jordan, N. Y., was accomplished at a cost for the year of $14,118. FLOOD CONTROL--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1287 Snagging and clearing by hired labor of Smokes Creek Channel, Lackawanna, N. Y., was completed at a cost for the year of $1,021. The total cost for the year was $56,701. The unexpended balance of $4,599 will be applied to outstanding commitments and cleanup work at Keshequa Creek, Nunda, N. Y., and Skaneateles Creek, Jor- dan, N. Y., during fiscal year 1956. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated -$2, 177 ........ $13, 792 $118, 500 $45, 000 $410, 115 Cost----------------- 12, 346 -- -- 5, 792 110, 200 56, 701 405, 516 Flood control emergencies-repairand flood fighting and rescue Post flood damage reports were initiated by hired labor on Smokes Creek, Lackawanna, N. Y., and Chagrin River, Ohio, at a cost for the year of $6,194. The unexpended balance of $1,206 will be applied to completion of these post flood damage reports. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated .... -.... ... . .... -. - - -$7, 400 $7, 400 Cost---------------- - 6, 194 6, 194 27. PRESQUE ISLE PENINSULA, ERIE, PA. Location. Presque Isle Peninsula is located at Erie, Pa., on the south shore of the Lake Erie, 78 miles southwest of Buffalo, N. Y., and 102 miles east-northeast of Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Charts Nos. 3, 33, and 332.) Existing project. The project authorizes Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of the protective measures on Presque Isle Peninsula, Erie, Pa., comprising- a. Construction of a groin system, seawall and bulkhead and arti- ficial placement of sand along the neck of the peninsula; b. Placement of beach material for a feeder beach at the waterworks reservation; c. Distribution of beach material along remainder of peninsula; and, d. Removal of portions of existing structures. The estimated total project construction cost is $4,830,000 (1955) of which the Federal cost is $1,610,000 and the non-Federal cost is $3,220,000. The estimated annual cost of maintenance, all to be performed by local interests, is $32,900 (1955). 1288 RElPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMVY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 231, 83d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Federal participation is subject to the condi- tions that the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania- a. Adopt the plan of improvement recommended in the project document; b. Submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers, detailed plans and specifications for the project and arrangements for prosecuting the work prior to commencement of such work; c. Provide, at its own expense, all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; d. Maintain the protective and improvement measures including the proposed feeder beaches, during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purposes; e. Hold and save the United States free from all claims for dam- ages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; f. Not permit water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers; and, g. Maintain continued public ownership of the shore and its ad- ministration for public use only. By letter dated September 27, 1954, the secretary, Department of Forests and Waters, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, as approved by the Governor, requested the Corps of Engineers to undertake explora- tory work to determine sources of sandfill and prepare detailed plans and specifications for the project, using funds to be advanced by the Commonwealth. On November 1, 1954, the Secretary of the Army granted authority to the Corps of Engineers to accept funds in the amount and for the purpose stated, pursuant to section 3 of Public Law 727, 79th Congress, approved August 13, 1946. Negotiations are currently underway for securing the required as- surances for the project and for consummating an agreement for prosecution of the authorized shore protection works. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: From funds advanced by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to the Federal Government, preparation of detailed plans and specifications was initiated by hired labor. The total cost for the year, all from con- tributed funds, was $39,251. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been started. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of detailed plans and specifications, by hired labor, and construction by continu- ing contracts, of the protective project features. The total cost of the existing project, all from contributed funds, was $39,251. Cost and finanotiaZ summary FEDERAL FUNDS Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____ $600, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------- 600,00,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project------- --------------------- 1, 010, 000 SHORE PROTECTION--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1289 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated -----------------------------------------------........... $60, 000 $60, 000 Cost---------........-----------------------------------------------............ 39, 251 39, 251 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $20, 749 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- --- _ (1) Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------ (1) Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project --------------------------------- (1) 1The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has appropriated to date funds in the amount of $462,600 for com- pleted work in place and $2,500,000 additional for remainder of the project. Of this additional amount, $60,000 was allotted to the Corps of Engineers in fiscal year 1955 and the remainder will be applied to their share of the project construction costs. Based on the current (1955) project cost estimate, $257,400 will be required to be appropriated by the Commonwealth for their share of the costs for completion of the existing project. 28. OTHER AUTHORIZED SHORE PROTECTION PROJECTS For last Costs of June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount Report Construe- Operation required to for- tion and main- complete Cleveland and Lakewood, Ohio--.-.-..------- .............- .... --.......- . 1 4, 239, 000 Selkirk Shores, State Park, Lake Ontario, N. Y ----------.............---------------------------- 1 435, 000 Vermilion to Sheffield Lake Village, Ohio-----..........---------.... ---------------------------- 1 594, 000 1Federal share is one-third of this amount. Project was authorized by the River and HarborAct of Sept. 3, 1954. 29. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Navigation studies were continued at a cost for the year of $5,957. The unexpended balance of $79 at the end of the fiscal year will be used to continue preparation of the interim report on Cleveland Har- bor. Ninety-seven thousand two hundred dollars can be profitably expended during the next fiscal year for completion of reports on Rochester Harbor, N. Y., Cleveland Harbor, Ohio (interim and final), Lorain Harbor, Ohio, Sandusky Harbor, Ohio, Vermilion Harbor, Ohio, and initiation of preparation of reports on Cleveland Harbor, Ohio (comprehensive), and Conneaut Harbor, Ohio. Outstanding costs for the completed cooperative beach erosion studies of New York State parks on the shores of Lake Ontario were $3. No work is proposed in the next fiscal year. Special studies were continued at a cost for the year of $95,130, of which $69,969 was for the New England-New York resources survey. The unexpended balance of $224 at the end of fiscal year will be ap- plied to continuation of Great Lakes water levels studies. No addi- tional work is proposed in the next fiscal year. 1290 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 No funds were available for flood control studies. Twenty-one thousand one hundred dollars can be profitably expended during the next fiscal year for completion of reports on Smokes Creek, Lacka- wanna, N. Y., and Sandusky River, Ohio. The total cost for the year for examinations and surveys was $101,090 and the unexpended balance for the year is $303. 30. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The total cost for the year was $3,947 for international water studies in connection with the Massena and Niagara Control Board. 31. ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Constitution and duties. The St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation was created by Public Law 358, 83d Congress, 2d session, approved on May 13, 1954. The Corporation was authorized to con- struct, in United States territory, deepwater navigation works sub- stantially in accordance with the "Controlled single stage project, 238-242" (with a controlling depth of 27 feet in channels and canals and locks at least 800 feet long, 80 feet wide, and 30 feet over the sills), designated as "works solely for navigation" in the joint report dated January 3, 1941, of the Canadian Temporary Great Lakes-St. Law- rence Basin Committee and the United States St. Lawrence Advisory Committee, in the International Rapids section of the St. Lawrence River together with necessary dredging in the Thousand Islands sec- tion; and to operate and maintain such works in coordination with the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority of Canada. Responsibility of the Corps of Engineers. The St. Lawrence Sea- way Development Corporation by letter to the Secretary of the Army, dated September 17, 1954, designated the Corps of Engineers to repre- sent the Corporation as agent for design and construction of the project. Location. The St. Lawrence River is part of a system which com- prises all of the five Great Lakes with their drainage areas and con- necting waterways, and the St. Lawrence River proper from Lake Ontario to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, with its tributaries. Project. The project involves the construction of navigation facilities in the reach of the St. Lawrence River that is between the United States and Canada, and coordination thereof with the power facilities to be constructed concurrently by others. The project has been divided into four sections, namely: Thousand Islands, Point Rockway, Long Sault Canal and Cornwall Island. In the Thousand Island and Cornwall Island sections only channel dredging is re- quired; in the Point Rockway section a channel and lock structure is to be constructed; and, in the Long Sault Canal section a channel, two lock structures, highway tunnel, combined railroad and highway bridge, highway and railroad relocations and miscellaneous appurte- nant works, will be constructed. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans and specifications were initiated for the Thousand Islands, Long Sault Canal and Cornwall Island sections. Excavation for the up- stream section of Long Sault Canal was initiated by contract on Feb- MISCELLANEOUS ACTIVITIES-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1291 ruary 28, 1955. Excavation for the Robinson Bay lock structure was initiated by contract during April 1955. Excavation for the Grass River lock structure was initiated by contract during April 1955. Excavation for the remainder of the Long Sault Canal was initiated by contract during June 1955. Total cost of the project for the year was $2,843,500. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 3 percent complete. Preparation of detailed plans and specifications for all project features in all sections except Point Rockway was underway. No work is scheduled for Point Rockway. Total cost of the project was $2,843,500. UNITED STATES LAKE SURVEY This district embraces the United States portion of the Great Lakes- St. Lawrence River drainage basin, Lake Champlain, the lakes and other naturally navigable waters of the New York canal system, and the Minnesota-Ontario border lakes. In addition, contiguous Ca- nadian areas are included where essential to the integrity of charting and other activities. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Page 1. Survey of Northern and Northwestern lakes-- ------------ ----- 1293 2. General investigations____ ___----___ --- ___----- 1301 1. SURVEY OF NORTHERN AND NORTHWESTERN LAKES Location. The region thus covered, in which operations are con- ducted for the benefit of navigation and other interests, lies within the States of Vermont, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. The Great Lakes por- tion alone covers 61,000 square miles of United States waters and 4,000 miles of United States coastline. The Lake Champlain portion covers 430 square miles and 560 miles of coastline of that lake. The additional New York State portion stretches 62 miles along the canal- ized waters of the State from the south end of Lake Champlain along the Hudson River to the head of tidewater at Albany and 333 miles westward from Troy at the confluence of the Hudson and Mohawk Rivers along the Erie Canal to Lyons, along the Oswego Canal to Oswego, and along the Cayuga and Seneca Canal into the Finger Lakes. The Minnesota-Ontario border lakes portion reaches about 300 miles from Lake Superior to and including Lake of the Woods in the Hudson Bay drainage basin. Previous projects. In the region described, previous projects of the Lake Survey have specified provision of complete navigation charts designed to suit the needs of existing use of the waters. These projects, in addition to hydrographic and topographic surveys, con- templated the establishment of the requisite horizontal and vertical control where not already in existence, and the measurement and analysis of other factors pertaining to navigation. The most recent comprehensive statement concerning prior projects on the Great Lakes, and formulation of "a general project covering to completion the operations of the Survey" appeared in the Annual Report for 1907, pages 844 to 850. The Sundry Civil Act of March 4, 1911, extended the charting re- sponsibility to include the lakes and other naturally navigable waters of the New York canals. The project extension contemplated com- pilation of navigation charts of the added waters from all existing survey data pertaining thereto, supplemented by such additional sur- veys as might be required. 1293 1294 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The scope of responsibility was again extended by the Sundry Civil Act of June 23, 1913, to include Lake Champlain, and again by the Sundry Civil Act of August 1, 1914, to include the Minnesota-Ontario boundary waters from Lake Superior to Lake of the Woods. Here, as in the extension to the New York canals, the project extensions contemplated compilation of charts from existing surveys, supple- mented by additional surveys as required. Responsibilities of the United States Lake Survey in the Great Lakes portion of the region covered, apart from the charting and navigational aspects, consist of those pertaining to lake levels, hydrol- ogy, and hydraulics of the connecting and outflow rivers. The 1907 Annual Report, referred to above in connection with the charting and navigational portions of the project, also discussed prior and existing responsibilities in these respects. A board appointed by the Division Engineer, Great Lakes division, to study and clarify United States Lake Survey activities in this sec- ond category formulated a report which included definite recommen- dations. The board report was presented to the Chief of Engineers and approved on January 21, 1935, as the basic description of such responsibilities. The report thus is the foundation for the continuing activities of the United -States Lake Survey relating to lake levels, hydrology, and hydraulics. It is to be noted that these activities do not include the waters separate from the Great Lakes, which were added for charting only. Existing project. That portion of the existing project concerned with charting provides for general maintenance of chart coverage. Various classes of charts are issued, consisting essentially of general charts employing small scales, suitable for the needs of open-lake nav- igation; coastal, river, and sectional charts employing medium scales affording greater detail for closer navigation in the areas covered; harbor and confined locality charts employing large scales showing details pertinent to the restricted navigation involved; and special charts such as those of the Minnesota-Ontario border lakes employing scales suitable to the purposes intended. The number of charts and individual chart scale and coverage are not fixed. Changing require- ments of navigation render existing charts unnecessary, alter cover- age and scale requirements, and make new charts desirable. Within the region assigned for charting, the project is flexible in permitting alterations to keep abreast of changing needs. Closely related to charting, but pertinent to lake levels and hydrau- lics as well, is the portion of the project relating to horizontal and vertical control. The original control was established under the early projects in connection with the initial surveys by the United States Lake Survey on the Great Lakes and by other Government agencies in the other areas of the district. The original control has been pre- served wherever possible; where destroyed it has been replaced as needed, and where necessary it has been augmented by additional con- trol for use in connection with later surveys and other Corps of En- gineers work. Present efforts are directed toward preservation of both horizontal and vertical control by periodic recovery of monu- ments, replacing when found destroyed, checking of elevations by instrumental means and water transfers, and augmentation where U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1295 required for United States Lake Survey and North Central Division activities. In the same connection, necessary readjustments are made as indicated to correlate United States Lake Survey horizontal con- trol with nationwide horizontal control networks of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. The project includes publications of information for the benefit of navigation, additional to that provided by the charts. These consist primarily of the Great Lakes Pilot and the supplements thereto. The Pilot, issued annually, supplies full descriptions of physical conditions of the waters charted and the particulars of constantly changing con- ditions not adapted to adequate or prompt representation on the charts. The supplement, issued monthly during the navigation sea- son, provides corrections and additions to the Pilot text occasioned by constantly changing conditions in the navigational areas. Revisory material for the annual editions of the Pilot and material for the supplement are collected by United States Lake Survey sections oper- ating in the field, the various Corps of Engineers districts having jurisdiction over the waters concerned, and by other United States and Canadian governmental organizations. Other data collected and disseminated to navigation, or included in the project for future collection and dissemination s consist of such features as lake and river bottom characteristics, water temperatures, etc. This phase of activity often requires field determination, analysis of data, and publication of results. Since 1859, lake level gages installed and operated by the United States Lake Survey have provided a continuous record of stages of the Great Lakes and their connecting rivers. These records have interest in both the navigational and hydraulic aspects of the work. The present project provides for continued operation of sufficient gages for these purposes and includes reduction of the records obtained, tabulation and study of the data, use in other studies such as that of movement of the earth's crust, and publication of the results in various forms. In the field of hydraulics, the present project provides for continu- ing studies of all phases relating to the connecting and outflow rivers to affirm the fundamental laws of flow or to determine the changed relationships resulting from changes in river regimen. In addition to the operation of stage recorders, as discussed above, periodic and special measurements of current velocities and river discharges are involved. The fundamental flow relationships determined and the equations derived enter into such studies as lake level regulation, com- pensations for increases in river capacity caused by channel improve- ment, diversions for sanitary purposes and power, changes in river capacity resulting from marine construction, wrecks, commercial sand and gravel dredging, and problems of like nature. The hydrology of the lakes included in the present project, in addi- tion to factors discussed above, deals with precipitation over the lake basins, runoff, evaporation from the lake surfaces, ice retardations and effects, and similar phenomena. The work involves compilation of data, supplied primarily by other organizations, in form to be used in studies and problems discussed above. 363037-55--vol. 2-82 1296 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The overall responsibility of the United States Lake Survey, involv- ing the measurement of lake and river levels, hydraulics, and hydrol- ogy, presented as part of the present project in the foregoing para- graphs, is concerned with the preservation of levels of the Great Lakes, and with the establishment and maintenance of datum planes for control of Corps of Engineers river and harbor work and for use as planes of reference for navigation charts. Operations and results during fiscal year. Field activities were limited to those operations of greatest importance to defense, and essential civilian and navigation requirements. Sweeping operations in the vicinity of Thunder Bay Island Shoal in Lake Huron which were started during fiscal year 1954 were coin- pleted during the first few weeks of fiscal year 1955. Preliminary testing of an electronic device-shoran-for positioning survey ves- sels, which was begun late in the previous year, was completed. The results of the test were satisfactory and the method was used to locate offshore soundings in the eastern half of Lake Michigan from South Haven to Point Betsie between mid-July and mid-September. Lim- ited funds prevented activation of the field work for the 1955 season before mid-June. Prior to returning to Lake Michigan to continue the offshore program, a special investigation and sounding project was accomplished in the lower end of Whitefish Bay on Lake Superior, adjacent to the area surveyed in 1954, as a result of reports received from vessel masters that charted depths are inadequate for present day navigation requirements. The offshore program was continued on Lake Michigan late in June and the western half of the lake was covered from Kenosha to Port Washington before the end of the fiscal year. Shoran was used to position the survey vessel on the Lake Michigan operations. Inshore sounding operations were conducted in the upper portion of the International Rapids section of the St. Lawrence River during the last half of the 1954 field season. A complete inshore and revisory survey of the greater Chicago waterfront, from Gary, Ind., to Wil- mette, Ill., was started in June in the vicinity of Chicago Harbor. The essential function of collecting all data necessary for the tri- ennial revision of the Great Lakes navigation charts was consum- mately accomplished by expediting full scale operation of the revisory survey program. Revisory surveys are composed of field survey work and office reduction of data to a form suitable for the compilation of revised chart editions. Revisory field work includes hydrographic surveys over all harbor areas outside the limits of Federal dredging projects, comprising such areas as harbor ap- proaches, mooring slips, and other areas subject to' change. It also includes investigating areas where chart inaccuracies are alleged to have caused groundings, recording new or changed landmarks, re- vising names of principal docks, factories, and other waterfront establishments, locating new marine construction, and checking of the fringe of roads and other topographic features adjacent to the shoreline. Routine maintenance of the vertical control network was realized coincident with the triennial revisory survey program. This phase of field activities consists of recovery and replacement of benchmarks U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1297 where necessary and instrumental levels between selected marks to check on their stability. A detailed description of aggregate accomplishments in the field during the fiscal year, consolidated according to geographical position on the various bodies of water, follows. Lake Superior: Examinations and revisory surveys were made, and vertical control work was accomplished along the shoreline and in all harbors of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan. Because of reports from vessel masters that charted depths in lower Whitefish Bay were inadequate to meet deep-draft navigation requirements, that area was investigated and sounded. St. Marys River: Revisory surveys were made and maintenance of vertical control was accomplished along selected portions of the river to complete the work which was started in fiscal year 1954. Lake Michigan: Approximately 180 miles of inshore soundings were completed in the vicinity of Chicago Harbor late in the fiscal year. Offshore sounding operations were conducted in the west half of the lake from Kenosha to Port Washington. Recovery was made of triangulation stations required for the offshore sounding pro- gram. Nine stations were recovered in July and 60 during April and May. Of the 75 stations searched for, 6 were found to have been destroyed. All descriptions were revised to incorporate changes in references. Lake Huron: Vertical control maintenance was accomplished and revisory surveys were completed in selected harbors on the west side of the lake to finish work started late in the previous fiscal year. Special water level gages were installed during April 1954 and were continued in operation until November 1, 1954. The records of these gages were reduced and the data were tabulated for use in crustal movement studies. Construction was started on a new water level recording gage installation at Lakeport, Mich. St. Clair River: Examination and revisory surveys were made along the entire length of the river and vertical control maintenance was accomplished at selected sites along the United States side. As a continuation of the program to determine the degree of accuracy of computed river flow under winter conditions, flow measurements were made from the Blue Water Bridge at Port Huron throughout February and completed in March. Daily ice patrols were made of the river during the measuring period. Lake St. Clair: Reconnaissance surveys for chart revision were made and vertical control maintenance was accomplished along the Michigan shoreline of the lake. Detroit River: Vertical control maintenance was accomplished at selected sites along the Michigan shoreline. Revisory surveys were made along the entire river. Lake Erie : During April, 12 special water level gages were installed at selected points along the south shore of the lake for earth move- ment study. Revisory surveys and vertical control maintenance were accomplished along the shoreline and in the harbors from the mouth of the Detroit River to Cleveland, Ohio. Niagara River: A water level recording gage was installed on the American shore opposite Goat Island at Niagara Falls, N. Y. Dis- 1298 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. . ARMY, 1955 charge measurements were made at a new hydraulic section which was established between the mainland and Goat Island at the new gage site. Lake Ontario: Seven special lake level gages were installed during April at selected points along the New York side of the lake for the purpose of obtaining earth movement data. St. Lawrence River: Measurements to determine flow distribution at the head of the Galop Rapids were made during July and August. Four temporary self-recording water level gages were operated on the river during the navigation seasons. Flow measurements were made in the Massena Power Canal in December to verify the calibra- tion of the flow through the powerhouse at the St. Lawrence River Power Company. The discharge of the river was measured at Mas- sena Point in October, November, and June to obtain data for cali- brating the flow through the south Barnhart Island Channel. Inshore sounding operations were conducted in the upper portion of the Inter- national Rapids section during the last half of the 1954 field season. Observations were made of Canadian measurements at Weaver Point during the periods July 26 to December 17, January 24 to March 17, and for shorter periods upon several other occasions. In addition to the field operations listed above, hydraulic and hydrology activities included recording the levels of the Great Lakes and the connecting and outflow rivers; reduction, tabulation, and dissemination of data relating to lake and river levels, river flows, diversions, precipitation, and other hydraulic and hydrologic factors; and study and preparation of numerous reports on hydraulic and hydrologic problems which have been rapidly increasing in number and importance in connection with such matters as the St. Lawrence seaway, the deepening of the connecting rivers, the redevelopment of power on the Niagara River, the preservation and enhancement of Niagara Falls, the joint United States-Canada study of basic Great Lakes hydraulic and hydrologic data, and the survey report on water levels of the Great Lakes. Forty-eight gaging sites were maintained, of which 39 were equipped with self-registering instruments. Four of the automatic gages were operated to gather data on short period fluctuations of the lake surface at selected sites where inundation had been a problem. Five of the non-automatic gages were used to secure information on slope profiles of the St. Clair-Detroit River system. Forecasts of the ranges in which the 1954-55 winter low levels and the 1955 summer high levels of the Great Lakes could be expected to occur were made approximately 4 months in advance of the estimated months of occurrence. Peak elevations of all lakes during the summer of 1954 fell within the ranges predicted. Extra heavy precipitation which fell on the lower lakes during an extended period immediately following the. release of the 1954-55 winter low forecasts caused all lakes except Superior to establish minimum elevations well above the forecast values. The minimum elevation on Superior was well within the range predicted, being only 0.15 foot from the midpoint. Lakes Erie and Ontario appeared to have established their 1955 maximum eleva- tions during April and May, respectively, and both were well within the predicted ranges. On June 30, 1955, both Lakes Superior and U. S., LAKE SURVEY 1299 Michigan-Huron were about midway in the lower half of the pre- dicted ranges and neither lake was rising fast enough to indicate that the predicted midpoint would be exceeded. Data collected by United States Lake Survey field sections, sup- plemented by information from numerous sources, were compiled for production of 50 revised chart editions and for 7 chart reprints. Modi- fications in aids-to-navigation and other critical chart data were made by hand on 83,100 copies of the stock of printed charts to maintain it currently accurate to the date of issue or sale. This undertaking in- volved 921,429 separate operations consisting of deletion of changed chart features and addition of the new features. Vessel masters of approximately 28 ships were interviewed at various Great Lakes Ports in order to get suggestions for improving the presentation of chart information. Chart improvements adopted as a result of the interviews include depiction of more landmarks, a new type compass rose, a greater number of scale bars, a greater number of shoal water soundings, more bottom characteristics, and use of a better quality chart paper. Revised editions of 43 charts and 6 reprints were processed and printed during the year. In addition to the charts, 679 hydrographs and 15,000 chart catalogs were printed. Chart sales for the year amounted to 67,694 copies which were 7,373 more than the 60,321 copies sold during fiscal year 1954. The proceeds of sales, amounting to $50,027, were deposited to the credit of the Treasurer of the United States. An additional 8,313 charts were issued for official use. The 1955 edition of the Great Lakes Pilot was prepared and the copy forwarded to the Government Printing Office for reproduction. The publication became available in March 1955. Supplements Nos. 3 to 7, inclusive, to the 1954 Pilot were prepared and the copy provided to the printing contractor monthly from July through November 1954. Supplements Nos. 1 and 2 to the 1955 Pilot were prepared in a similar manner in May and June 1955. The United States Lake Survey, as agent for the Superintendent of Documents, sold 2,010 copies of the Great Lakes Pilot during the fiscal year. A total of $4,523 was collected and transmitted to that official. An additional 396 copies of the publication were issued for official use. Sales of supplements to the 1954 and 1955 Pilots amounted to 1,788 sets of 7 issues, realizing $447 in sales proceeds. The 396 Pilots which were issued were complemented by 396 sets of Supplements. A total of $410.15 was realized from the sale of 575 Waterborn Commerce Statistics publications, part 1-5. An additional 111 copies of these publications were issued for official use. In addition to the above publications, mimeographed notices of the monthly mean stages of the Great Lakes and tabulations of other hydraulic and hydrologic factors were sent to individuals, newspapers, vessel interests, industrial interests, and Government agencies in both the United States and Canada to which the information is of concern. The foregoing operations were all maintenance. The total cost during the year was $481,149. Reimbursable printing work amounted to $11,409 for reproducing project and special maps for Corps of Engineers districts. In order to include the costs of revisory surveys and adjacent inshore soundings in the operations and maintenance 1300 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 budget for each project, direct allotments are not made to the United States Lake Survey for those purposes but reimbursements for the work are made by the districts concerned. Reimbursable work under this category amounted to $37,500 for inshore soundings and $69,000 for revisory surveys during fiscal year 1955. Other reimbursable work accomplished by the Lake Survey for other district offices amounted to $45,158 during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. All new work under the various projects had been completed at the end of the fiscal year. Work under the existing project is composed solely of maintenance. The total cost of new work under all projects since the inauguration of the survey in 1841, amounted.to $6,729,811. New work under the existing project cost $2,755,914 and maintenance thereunder to June 30, 1955, cost $6,946,260, amounting to a total for the present project during its 48 years of existence of $9,702,174. At the end of the fiscal year, publications available for issue to official users and for sale to the general public consisted of 114 charts of the Great Lakes and connecting rivers, 5 charts of Lake Champlain, 3 charts and a volume of 60 small charts of New York canals, 17 charts of the Minnesota-Ontario border lakes, the 1955 Great Lakes Pilot and the Supplements to the Pilot. In addition, mimeographed reports of lake levels showing current elevations, comparisons with past levels, and forecasts of future levels are mailed early each month to a list of about 2,000 official and private recipients; and tabulations of river discharges, precipitation, and stages at specific locations on the lakes are dispatched regularly to 71 additional receivers, the latter being primarily official. Numerous other tabulations and com- pilations of data in the charting, geodetic, hydraulic, and hydrologic fields are posted currently for use in answering the large number of inquiries for such data received each year. Requests for authorized United States Lake Survey services from other United States agencies were extremely heavy in fiscal year 1955 and it seems evident that this situation will continue for some time. These same services have also been of assistance to Canadian agencies concerned with problems analogous to those of the request- ing agencies. Special hydraulic and hydrologic studies conducted by the United States Lake Survey for international engineering boards, committees and others, so far surpassed the workload con- templated when the 1952 long range program was established that the program was revised in 1955. U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1301 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: -------------- Appropriated------......... --------------------- ----------------------- 1$6, 729, 811 Cost------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- 16, 729, 811 Maintenance: - Appropriated-----.... - $425, 000 $365, 000 $489, 000 $525, 000 $470, 000 26, 961,340 Cost----------------- 421, 396 386, 973 483, 622 499, 149 481, 149 26, 946, 260 1 Includes $3, 973, 897 for new work for previous projects. I 2 Reduced by $100,000 which represents costs of prior fiscal years, which were transferred to genera investigations in conversion to new appropriation structure. 2. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS During the fiscal year the cost of special studies in connection with survey report on Great Lakes water levels was $71,966. The addi- tional sum of $88,500 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1956 for continuation of the study. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT This district comprises those drainage basins tributary to the Pacific Ocean that are in California between the Mexican boundary and Cape San Martin (about 265 miles north of the entrance to Los Angeles Harbor) ; the entire Colorado River drainage basin, which is in south- eastern California, southeastern Nevada, southern and eastern Utah, southwestern Wyoming, western Colorado, western New Mexico, and Arizona; that part of the Great Basin that is in southwestern Utah, southern Nevada, and southeastern California; and the United States parts of those small drainage basins in southern Arizona and south- western New Mexico west of the Continental Divide that drain south- ward into Mexico. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Morro Bay Harbor, Calif__ 1304 17. Fullerton Dam, Santa Ana 2. Santa Barbara Harbor, Calif_ 1305 River Basin (and Orange 3. Port Hueneme Harbor, Calif_ 1307 County), Calif ____- 1352 4. Playa del Rey Inlet and 18. Brea Dam, Santa Ana River Basin, Venice, Calif ..... 1308 Basin (and Orange Coun- 5. Redondo Beach Harbor, ty), Calif_ 1353 Calif 1309 19. Carbon Canyon Dam and 6. Los Angeles and Long Beach channel, Santa Ana River Harbors, Calif --- __ 1311 Basin (and Orange Coun- 7. Newport Bay Harbor, Calif_ 1315 ty), Calif - 1354 8. San Diego Harbor, Calif_-- 1317 20. Santa Ana River Basin, Calif. 9. San Diego River and Mission (Flood Control Act of May Bay, Calif_ 1320 17, 1950)______________ 1354 10. Other authorized navigation 21. Devil, East Twin, and Warm projects_ 1322 Creeks improvements and Lytle Creek levee, Santa Flood control Ana River Basin, Calif___ 1355 22. Riverside levees, Santa Ana 11. Santa Maria Valley levees, River Basin, Calif -.. 1356 Santa Maria River Basin, 23. San Diego River Basin, Calif_ 1323 Calif_ 1356 12. Los Angeles County drainage 24. Painted Rock Reservoir, Gila area, Calif______________ 1324 River Basin, Ariz . -.... 1357 13. Santa Ana River Basin (and 25. Mathews Canyon Reservoir, Orange County), Calif. Colorado River Basin, (Flood Control Act of June Nev- - _--- 1358 22, 1936, as amended) ... 1347 26. Pine Canyon Reservoir, 14. San Antonio Dam, Santa Colorado River Basin, Ana River Basin (and Nev-------------- 1359 Orange County), Calif_ _ _ 1349 27. Other authorized flood con- 15. San Antonio and Chino trol projects_ 1360 Creeks channel, Santa Ana 28. Inspection of completed proj- River Basin (and Orange ects_ 1360 County), Calif_ 1350 29. Emergency flood-control 16. Prado Dam, Santa Ana work_ _ 1360 River Basin (and Orange 30. Scheduling of flood-control County), Calif_- - 1351 reservoir operations ..... 1361 1303 1304 RErPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Shore protection General investigations Page Page 31. Carpinteria to Point Mugu, 34. Examinations and surveys Calif------------------1361 (navigation) ------------ 1364 San Pedro 35. Examinations and surveys Bek32.Muguer to alf- Point 32. Point 32 (flood control)--------_ - 1364 Breakwater, Calif 1362 36. Collection and study of basic 33. Anaheim Bay Harbor, Calif_ 1363 data (flood control) _---__ 1364 1. MORRO BAY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Morro Bay is on the Pacific coast, 110 miles south of Monterey Bay, 120 miles northwest of Santa Barbara Harbor, and nearly midway between San Francisco and Los Angeles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5387.) Evisting project. The plan of improvement provides for 2 random- stone breakwaters, the upcoast breakwater extending 1,800 feet south by west from Morro Rock, and the downcoast breakwater extending west from the sandspit 1,399 feet, thence northwest 433 feet, a total distance of 1,832 feet; an entrance channel 16 feet deep and 350 feet wide; the Navy channel 16 feet deep, varying in width from 350 feet to 800 feet from the entrance channel to the town of Morro; Morro chan- nel from the town of Morro to the lower bay, 12 feet deep and generally 150 feet wide; a stone dike extending from Morro Rock to the main- land, a distance of 1,600 feet; and a quarry-waste revetment levee extending along the waterfront at Morro, a distance of 6,930 feet, to retain marginal fills. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 4.7 feet. The extreme range is about 8.5 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $2,612,093. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project, which was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, authorized (1) improvements as set forth in House Document 283, 77th Congress, 1st session, and (2) further harbor development as desired by the Navy Department in accordance with the plans on file in the office, Chief of Engineers. The project document contains the latest published m ap. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. The project has been completed under supervision of the Chief of Engineers using funds provided by the Navy Department. Terminal facilities. There are 640 feet of existing piers constructed by the Navy, 205 feet of piers constructed by San Luis Obispo County, 169 feet of privately owned docks, and 270 feet of privately owned floating docks. Facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of the completion of an economic-analysis report to determine the justifi- cation of continued maintenance by hired labor. The costs were $4,569 from regular maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1946. The south breakwater and the stone dike connecting Morro Rock and the mainland were completed in 1942; the retaining levee, the marginal fills along the waterfront, and the channel to the RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1305 lower bay, in 1944; and the Morro (North) breakwater, in 1946. The project was in usable condition at the end of the fiscal year. Shoaling has occurred in the entrance and interior channels, and the north break- water has suffered extensive damage. The south breakwater is being flanked at its root by erosion. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascer- tained Entrance channel....----------------------------------------------------- 14 May 1953. Navy channel...................-----------------------------------.................... 14 Do. Morro channel .................................................--------------------------------------------------------- 4 Do. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds........................-----------------------------------------.... ... $581,320 $581, 320 Navy funds _ -------------------------------------- $2, 612, 093 307, 945 2, 920, 038 Total, United States funds ---------------------- ..... 2, 612, 093 889, 265 3, 501, 358 ... ... .. . ... .. . ... ... .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. O therfu nds ............................. Total, all funds . ....------------------------------- 2, 612, 093 889, 265 3, 501,358 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ------------ ------------ ----------- --- -------- ------------ $2, 612, 093 Cost------- -----------------------------------------------------------.......... 2, 612, 093 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $4, 094 $2, 252 -$162 $5, 600 -$350 889,341 Cost------------------ . ........ 2, 998 1,099 5, 510 980 4, 569 889, 265 2. SANTA BARBARA HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Santa Barbara Harbor is on the Pacific coast, 90 miles northwest of Los Angeles Harbor and 320 miles southeast of San Francisco Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5261.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for mainte- nance by dredging of depths existing in 1934 in the harbor formed by the breakwater constructed by local interests and permits the mainte- nance of the harbor by means of a fixed sand-intercepting plant to be provided and operated by and at the expense of local interests; the United States to make available for the operation of the plant an amount not exceeding $30,000 annually, the present approved esti- mated annual cost of maintenance, whenever funds are allotted for such purpose, provided that there shall be deducted from such funds 1306 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the actual cost of harbor maintenance found necessary, if and when the intercepting plant has been installed. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.4 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Act Work authorized Document Aug. 30, 1935 Maintenance by dredging of the present depths into Senate Committee print, 73d Cong., the harbor formed by the breakwater constructed 2d sess. by local interests. Mar. 2, 1945 Permits maintenance by means of a fixed sand-inter- H. Doc. 348, 77th Cong., 1st sess. cepting plant to be provided and operated by and (contains latest published map). at the expense of local interests, the United States to contribute to operating expense an amount not to exceed $30,000 annually, whenever funds are allotted therefor, the funds thus contributed to be reduced by actual cost of harbor maintenance if and when the intercepting plant has been installed. Prior to adoption by Congress, the work was authorized by the Public Works Administration. Local cooperation. No specific local cooperation is required. Local interests have contributed $450,322 to date to cover the excess cost of depositing dredged material on the beach, over the estimated cost of similar dredging with disposal at sea, and $12,664 for dredging in vicinity of the Navy pier. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, permits maintenance of the harbor by an intercepting plant as described above. Terminal facilities. These consist of 1 wharf 2,200 feet long, a Navy pier 335 feet long, and also a landing float and mooring facilities for small craft. The wharf, which is equipped with a warehouse, is used for general cargo and for servicing fishing boats. Facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations, all with hired labor, consisted of condition and operation studies. The costs were $1,105 from regular maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Controlling depths were as follows:: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel (for a width of 600 feet)---------------------- ..--------. 20 June 1953. North anchorage -- _ ------------------------------------------- 12 June 1952. South anchorage------------------------------------------------------ 15 Do. Navy channel ------------- ---------------------------------------- 20 Do. Stearns wharf - 18 Do. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1307 Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds . -.-- $639, 561 $639, 561 Public Works funds__-- ---- 29, 198 29, 198 Total, United States funds ---------------------- - -------------- 668, 759 668, 759 Contributed funds-. ---------- 462, 986 462, 986 Working funds 1__ _-_ 11, 000 11, 000 Total, all funds-. -.- _ - - 1, 142, 745 1, 142, 745 1 Represents work performed with United States funds in addition to funds for existing project Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 Maintenance: Appropriated .. $2, 600 $1, 499 $150, 350 $4, 200 -$1, 450 $679, 901 Cost ..------------------ 488 831 152, 745 1,887 1,105 679, 759 1 Includes $29,198 Public Works funds; includes $11,000 working funds for work performed in addition to existing project. 2 Does not include $462,986 for maintenance performed with contributed funds. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated---. .....------------ ------------ $165, 000 -$9, 286 - $462, 986 Cost------------------------------------ 155,714 --- 462,986 3. PORT HUEINEME HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Port Hueneme Harbor is on the coast of California, 65 miles northwest of Los Angeles Harbor and 345 miles south of San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast ' and Geodetic Survey Charts 5007 and 5202.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for establish- ment of a harbor for light-draft vessels, on the coast of southern Cali- fornia about 1 mile northwest of the existing harbor of Port Hueneme, and for construction of shore-protection works. The improvement is to consist of an entrance channel 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide, pro- tected by 2 parallel jetties about 1,400 feet long; an entrance basin 20 feet deep, 850 feet wide, and 1,200 to 1,700 feet long; a channel 10 feet deep and 300 feet wide extending from the entrance basin to an inner basin 10 feet deep, 700 to 1,300 feet wide, and 1,500 feet long; deposi- tion of the dredged material to restore the downcoast shoreline; an offshore breakwater 2,300 feet long, placed to form a sand trap in con- junction with the entrance jetties; and initial and then biennial dredg- 1308 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 ing of about 1 million cubic yards of material from the sand trap and placing of the material to restore and maintain the downcoast shore- line. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The mean tidal range in this area is 3.7 feet; the diurnal range is 5.4; and the ex- treme range, about 10.5 feet. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $5,750,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance (1955) is $275,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 362, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide without cost to the United States all lands and rights-of-way properly cleared, access roads, and relocation of utilities necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement; to provide adequate facilities for berthing, servicing, and maintaining small craft, open to all on equal terms; to establish a public body empowered to regulate the use and development of the harbor facilities; to acquire and hold in the public interest lands bordering the harbor to a width sufficient for proper utilization of the harbor; to maintain and operate all necessary harbor facilities except those parts of the project that are constructed by the United States; to eliminate and prohibit pollution of the bathing beaches affected; to hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvement; and to make fish-cannery sites available and to encourage the construc- tion of canneries by private interests. The biennial dredging and by- passing of beach material is to be continued at Federal expense only so long as Federal ownership or use of the lands and improvements neces- sitates such protection. Terminal facilities. There are no existing terminal facilities at the site of the authorized harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished. 4. PLAYA DEL REY INLET AND BASIN, VENICE, CALIF. Location. Playa del Rey is on Santa Monica Bay on the coast of California, 20 miles northwest of Los Angeles Harbor and 410 miles southeast of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts 5101 and 5144.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for establish- ment of a harbor for light-draft vessels at Playa del Rey, Calif. The improvement is to consist of 2 entrance jetties, each about 2,300 feet long; an entrance channel 20 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 1,925 feet long; an interior channel 20 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 5,600 feet long; a central basin 10 feet deep; and 2 side basins 20 feet deep and 10 side basins 10 feet deep, separated by mole-type piers. The dredged material is to be utilized for construction of the piers and for deposi- tion on adjacent lowlands and beaches. Federal participation is lim- ited by the authorizing act to 50 percent of the cost of entrance jetties, entrance channel, interior channel, and central basin. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The mean tidal range is 3.7 feet, RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1309 the diurnal range is 5.6 feet, and the extreme range is about 10.5 feet. The estimated cost of new work (1955) is $4,070,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $45,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 389, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide without cost to the United States all rights-of-way necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement and to supply suitable spoil- disposal areas for inital work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; to secure and hold in the public interest lands bordering on the proposed development to a width sufficient for proper function- ing of the harbor; to relocate oil wells and to relocate and construct public utilities as required; to construct a bulkhead around basin "K" and stone revetments on the side slopes of the remaining basins; to extend the north jetty at Ballona Creek to a length sufficient to hold the fill to be placed on the beach to the north thereof; to provide ade- quate berthing and other facilities for small craft; to provide adequate parking areas, access roads, and landscaping of the piers; to establish a public body to regulate the use and development of the harbor facili- ties, which will be open to all on equal terms; to dredge or bear the actual cost of dredging the 12 side basins; to maintain and operate the entire project except aids to navigation, entrance jetties, and project depths in the entrance channel, the interior channel, and the central basin; and to hold and save the United States free from dam- ages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvement. The project is subject to the condition that its adoption as recom- mended shall not relieve local interests of responsibility for stabiliza- tion of beach fill along the shores of Santa Monica Bay with such Federal assistance as may be authorized following completion of the cooperative beach-erosion control study now in progress, and is also subject to the further condition that local interests will assume at least one-half the cost of entrance jetties, entrance channel, interior channel, and the central basin. Terminal facilities. No terminal facilities exist at the site of the authorized harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished. 5. REDONDO BEACH HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Redondo Beach Harbor is on the Pacific coast in the southern (downcoast) part of Santa Monica Bay, about 18 miles by sea northwest of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors and about 417 miles southeast of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts 5101 and 5144.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for recon- struction of about 1,485 linear feet of the existing 2,400-foot stone breakwater, construction of a 2,800-foot extension of the existing breakwater, and construction of a south breakwater 700 feet long; and for maintenance of the entire existing breakwater as recon- 1310 REPORT OF TIE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 structed, the breakwater extension, and the south breakwater. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. In Santa Monica Bay, the mean tidal range is 3.8 feet; the diurnal range 5.6 feet; and the ex- treme range about 10.5 feet. The latest (1955) approved estimates for cost of new work and an- nual cost of maintenance are $5,630,000 and $20,000, respectively. The existing project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 303, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide, through a competent and duly authorized public body, all lands and rights-of- way necessary for construction and maintenance of the proposed im- provements, including transfer of ownership of the existing section of the breakwater to the United States; construct a quay wall along the land side of the harbor between the existing breakwater and the vicinity of Beryl Street; dredge the harbor area a least depth of 12 feet below mean lower low water, deposit the dredge spoil landward of the quay wall and in the eroded area south of the wall, construct an access trestle, pier, slips, and all other facilities necessary for ade- quate berthing, servicing, maintaining, and supplying small craft, maintain the specified depth in the harbor area and maintain and op- erate the harbor facilities, except the breakwater, with such facilities available to all on equal terms; and hold and save the United States free from responsibility for any effects of the improvement on adja- cent shore lines and from any damages due to construction and main- tenance of the harbor improvements. The 2,400 feet of breakwater already constructed at a cost of $545,- 000 and the marginal land in public ownership have been offered by the city of Redondo Beach as items of local cooperation. By resolution, dated May 11, 1949, the city of Redondo Beach indi- cated its willingness to deed the existing breakwater to the United States, insofar as it is authorized by law and by the favorable vote of the electorate. The city of Redondo Beach proposes to provide, without cost to the United States, additional items of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. The only existing commercial terminal facility is the Monstad pier. This pier is privately owned. It is 20 feet wide and extends seaward about 300 feet to a depth of 15 feet below mean lower low water. Facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of preparing the project plan. The costs, all for new work, were $4,446 by contract and $20,579 by hired labor, a total of $25,025 from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project plan is almost com- pleted. Work remaining consists of completing the project plan, the plans and specifications, and the construction. The total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1311 Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds.........--------------------------------------..... $25, 025 .------------.... $25, 025 Total, United States funds ..___. ......... - 25,025 ---------- ----- 25, 025 Other funds------------------------------------------- ------ I---------- Total, all funds--..--............. ..------------------------------ 25,025 . 25,025 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ........ ..... .... .. ........ $50, 000 $35, 000 Cost ------------- ----- -- 25,025 25, 025 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- __ __-_-_ $8, 812 6. LOS ANGELES AND LONG BEACH HARBORS, CALIF. Location. Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors are on the Pacific coast, 410 miles southeast of San Francisco Harbor and 96 miles northwest of San Diego Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5147.) Previous projects. Los Angeles Harbor: There was no project for :the outer harbor prior to the existing project. Original project for the inner harbor was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, August 2, 1882, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, July 18, 1918, and March 3, 1925. Long Beach Harbor: There was no previous project. For further details, see page 1977 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1646 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a stone breakwater 11,152 feet long (San Pedro breakwater) extending east- ward from Point Fermin; for a stone-and-earth detached break- water 18,500 feet long (middle breakwater) ; for a stone-and-earth ,detached breakwater 13,350 feet long (Long Beach breakwater); for maintenance of the original Long Beach breakwater south of the router end of pier A (now an integral part of pier A as extended); for an entrance channel 1,000 feet wide and 40 feet deep to outer Los Angeles Harbor, with a turning basin 3,500 feet long and 1,500 feet wide of the same depth opposite the end of pier 1, and enlargement of the entrance to the inner harbor by dredging to a depth of 35 feet, a triangular area at its junction with this turning basin; for irregular anchorage areas (areas A and B) 40 feet deep adjacent to the 40-foot- depth entrance channel; for an inner-harbor channel (Los Angeles channel) 35 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, with a turning basin at its north extremity 35 feet deep; for a channel (East Basin channel) 35 feet deep and 650 feet wide extending from the turning basin to 363037-55-vol. 2- 83 1312 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 United States station 406 (new 265) ; for a channel (Cerritos channel) 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from United States station 406 (new 265) to a turning basin in Long Beach inner harbor; for a turning basin 35 feet deep in Long Beach inner harbor; for an entrance chan- nel to Long Beach inner harbor 35 feet deep and 300 to 500 feet wide; for a settling basin at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion channel, the dredged material to be deposited on the beaches eastward therefrom to Belmont pier; for a silt-diversion channel (Los Angeles River) for the protection of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors; and for maintenance of the entire project except the silt-diversion channel. Dredging in East Basin was authorized as a modification of the existing project by act approved September 3, 1954. Local interests have dredged about 1,290,000 cubic yards of material from the basin by using their own funds for which they are to be reimbursed by the Federal Government. Approximately 700,000 yards of material re- main to be dredged by the Federal Government. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.5 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The estimated Federal first cost (1955) for the existing project is $31,257,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. This estimate does not include cost of constructing 6,000 feet of the au- thorized 21,000-foot section of the detached breakwater by the Navy Department. The latest (1955) approved estimates for annual cost of maintenance are $110,000 for dredging, $125,000 for repairs to breakwater, and $15,000 for maintenance of modification of existing project. The Federal cost for dredging in East Basin as a modifica- tion of the existing project is estimated at $897,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3,1896 A breakwater 8,500 feet long, easterly of Point Fermin_ S. Doe. 18, 55th Cong., 1st sess. June 25,1910 Extension of said breakwater to shore, making a total H. Doc. 969, 60th Cong., 1st sess. length of 11,152 feet from Point Fermin. July 25,1912 Dredging in Los Angeles outer harbor west of the en- Rivers and Harbors Committee trance channel. Doc. 8, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 For the silt-diversion works____ -- -- _- -- - Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 9, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Triangular area approach to Los Angeles inner har- H. Doc. 1013, 66th Cong., 3d sess. bor entrance channel. Mar. 3,1925 Dredging the Los Angeles Harbor main channel and H. Doc. 349, 68th Cong., 1st sess. entrance 35 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, dredging the inner harbor turning basin 35 feet deep, and for reclamation of Reservation Point. July 3,1930 A detached breakwater 12,500 feet long in prolonga- Rivers and Harbors Committee tion of the existing breakwater (authorized by act Doc. 33, 71st Cong., 2d sess. of June 3, 1896). Do....... Widening the fairway on the easterly side of the en- S. Doc. 130, 71st Cong., 2d sess. trance to Los Angeles inner harbor, dredging a channel 35 feet deep and 650 feet wide in the east basin from the turning basin to United States sta- tion 406; dredging 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Cerritos channel from United States station 406 to the Long Beach turning basin; a turning basin 35 feet deep at Long Beach; for the entrance channel to Long Beach Harbor, 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide and for maintenance of the Long Beach break- water south of the outer end pier A. Do....... This act provides that in no case shall dredging be done within 50 feet of established pierhead lines or existing piers and wharves. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1313 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,1935 Dredging the 1,000-foot-wide entrance channel to Los Senate committee print, 74th Angeles outer harbor to 40-foot depth and for a Cong., 1st sess. turning basin 3,500 feet long and 1,500 feet wide to the same depth and enlargement of the entrance to the inner harbor by dredging to 35-foot depth a triangular area at its junction with the turning basin. Oct. 17,1940 Dredging to a depth of 40 feet, areas A and B adjacent H. Doc. 843, 76th Cong., 3d sess. to the 40-foot-depth entrance channel; the construc- tion and maintenance of a rubble-mound break- water of the composite type about 21,000 feet long in an easterly direction from the northeast end of the existing detached breakwater; dredging about 4,000,000 cubic yards initially for a settling basin at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion chan- nel, and depositing the material on the beaches east- ward therefrom to Belmont pier; maintenance dredging of areas A and B, and at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion channel; all subj ct to such modifications as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable to meet the require- ments of the Navy. Sept. 3,1954 Dredging to a depth of 35 feet in East Basin as a modi- H. Doc. 161, 83d Cong., 1st sess. fication of the existing project. This act provides (contains latest published map). "That the Secretary of the Army is hereby author- ized to reimburse local interests for such work as they may have done upon this project prior to July 1, 1953, at actual cost to local interests insofar as the same shall be approved by the Chief of Engineers and found to have been done in accordance with the project hereby adopted: Provided further, That such reimbursement shall be subject to appropria- tions applicable thereto or funds available therefor and shall not take precedence over other pending projects of higher priority for harbor improvements: And provided further, That such payments shall not exceed the sum of $500,000." Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Local interests have contributed $335,575 for new work and $87,120 for maintenance to cover the excess cost of depositing dredged materials at desired locations. Terminal facilities. In Los Angeles Harbor there are 75,474 linear feet of wharves, of which 63,018 linear feet are owned by the city and 12,456 linear feet by private interests. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. In Long Beach Harbor there are 45,253 linear feet of wharves and bulkheads, of which there are 20,247 linear feet of finished deepwater wharves and quays and 10,209 linear feet of usable bulkheads owned by the city, 10,700 linear feet by the Federal Government, and 4,097 linear feet by private interests. Facilities are considered currently not adequate for existing commerce, but every effort is being made to meet the demand at an early date. Operations and results dwring fiscal year. Operations consisted of condition and operation studies of the harbors by hired labor. In connection with removal of West Basin Bridge under the Truman- Hobbs Act, plans and specifications by local interests were condition- ally approved. The costs were $3,160 from regular maintenance funds. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1949, except for dredging of East Basin. The 11,152-foot San Pedro breakwater was completed in 1912; the silt-diversion works in 1923; the Los Angeles inner-harbor chan- nels and turning basin in 1931; the Long Beach entrance channel 1314 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 in 1932; the Los Angeles Harbor entrance channel in 1937; and the outer-harbor turning basin in 1939. The 18,500-foot (middle) break- water was completed in 1942. The 13,350-foot (Long Beach) breakwater was completed in 1949. Dredging from the settling basin at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion channel was completed in 1946. Dredging of areas A and B was completed in February 1949. The breakwaters were in good condition. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Los Angeles Harbor: Entrance channel......------------..................--------------------.....--------------- 40 July 1949. West anchorage area (outer harbor) .--...................-------------------------------- 40 Do. East anchorage area (outer harbor)...---------- ----------------- 40 Do. Turning basin (outer harbor)--- ---------------------------------- 40 Do. Main channel ---------------------------- --- ----- 35 Do. Turning basin (inner harbor) ....--- - ....--------------- ---------- 35 Do. East Basin channel and Cerritos channel from slip 5 to Los Angeles- 32 May 1953. Long Beach city boundary. Long Beach Harbor: Entrance channel ...--------- -------------------------------------- 36 July 1949. Turning basin ---------------------------------------......... 42 Do. Cerritos Channel from Los Angeles-Long Beach city boundary to Long 40 Do. Beach turning basin. Settling basin at mouth of Los Angeles River diversion channel...... 25 April 1946. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ----.......... ............ ...-----....--.....--------------------- $27, 768, 809 $2, 680, 349 $30, 449, 158 Public Works funds. ------- ---------------------- -1, 593, 667 ____________1, 593, 667 Emergency Relief funds ... ----------------- ...----------. 996, 792 --------------- 996, 792 Total, United States funds_ .-------- -------- --- 30, 359, 268 2, 680, 349 33, 039, 617 Contributed funds 1_____--.._..................----- ..... 335, 575 87, 120 422, 695 Total, all funds...------------------------------ 30, 694, 843 2, 767, 469 33, 462, 312 1 This work was in addition to existing project. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated-----.--- -$16, 476 .----------- -$210,000 .---------.------------- $32, 546, 315 Cost ---------------- 12,509 --------------------------------- 3 -877 32,546,315 Maintenance: Appropriated......------------.....-------.... $5, 638 $11, 600 $17, 500 4, 250 2, 820, 346 Cost__---------------...............------- .... 2, 930 14, 100 17, 271 4,036 2, 819,696 1 Includes $2,187,047 for new work and $139,347 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Does not include $335,575 for new work and $87,120 for maintenance performed with contributed funds. This work was in addition to existing project. 3 To distribute insurance account to project feature. No expenditures involved. Note.-New work includes $1,593,667 Public Works funds; includes credit of $33,050 from transfer of land at Reservation Point; includes $996,792 Emergency Relief funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1315 7. NEWPORT BAY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Newport Bay Harbor is on the Pacific coast, 24 miles southeast of Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbors, and 72 miles north- west of San Diego Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1508.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for rubble- mound entrance jetties, 900 feet apart, 1,620 and 2,860 feet in length on the east and west sides of the channel, respectively; an entrance channel 20 feet deep and 500 feet wide; a main channel 20 feet deep, 700 feet wide just inside the entrance, narrowing to a general width of 350 feet; an anchorage area 20 feet deep, approximately 3,800 feet long and varying in width up to 520 feet on the north side of the main channel in the eastern end of the bay; an anchorage area 20 feet deep, approximately 5,200 feet long and varying in width up to 600 feet on the south side of the main channel in the eastern end of the bay; a yacht-anchorage area 15 feet deep, 1,200 feet wide, and 1,700 feet long on the south side of the main channel midway of the bay; the Newport channel 15 feet deep, approximately 6,000 feet long and varying in width up to 330 feet; a turning basin 20 feet deep, approximately 2,000 feet long and varying in width up to 1,000 feet at the western end of the bay; and a depth of 10 feet in the remainder of the main bay area. Excepting improvements authorized in the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (i. e., widening the 20-foot-deep main chan- nel from a general width of 200 feet to a general width of 350 feet and to a width of 300 feet just inside the entrance, deepening New- port channel to 15 feet over a width varying up to 330 feet, and dredging 2 anchorages to a depth of 20 feet), all work described in the preceding paragraph was recommended by the Chief of Engineers to the Secretary of War (Secretary of the Army) under date of September 25, 1933, and was authorized by the Public Works Administration June 15, 1934, at a total estimated cost of $1,835,400 for new work, of which amount local interests were required to contribute one-half. The latest (1955) approved estimate of Federal cost of new work is $1,770,000 which is comprised of $749,100, the Federal cost of work authorized by the Public Works Administration and $852,900 (revised 1955), the Federal cost of work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 4.3 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26,1937 Maintenance of the work authorized by the Public Senate Commerce Committee Works Administration. print, 75th Cong. Mar. 2,1945 Widening the main channel, deepening the Newport S. Doc. 138, 78th Cong., 1st sess. channel, and dredging 2 anchorage areas. (contains latest published map). 1316 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. The improvements authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, are subject to the conditions that local interests contribute $255,000 to the first cost, and that responsible local agencies agree to furnish without cost to the United States suit- able areas for the disposal of dredge spoil for the initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required, and to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the improvements. These conditions of local cooperation have not been complied with. Local interests state that they expect to be able to guarantee the $255,- 000 as soon as Federal funds become available. All prior condi- tions imposed by the Public Works Administration and by the act of August 26, 1937, are fully complied with. In addition to the Federal project requirements the city of Newport Beach and Orange County have expended for dredging and jetty work the sum of $2,662,545 since 1916. Private interests have spent $683,000 for dredging and other harbor work, making a total expendi- ture of $3,345,545 for harbor improvements by local interests. Terminal facilities. A county wharf 100 feet long, 440 linear feet of wharves maintained by local canneries for discharge of fish, 120 feet of outfitting wharves, 23 marine railways, and 3 vertical hoists for construction and servicing of small craft. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of condition and operation studies by hired labor. The costs were $792 from regular maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 76 percent complete. The units of the projects authorized by the Public Works Administration were completed in 1936 at a cost of $1,593,794, half of which was contributed by local interests. The jetties were generally in good condition. Controlling depths were as follows : Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel ---------.-- --------- 21 Mar 1953. Main channel-------------------------- 19 February 1950. Northerly anchorage area-------------------------------- - 12 Do. Southerly anchorage area- 12 Do. Yacht anchorage..------ ---------------------------------------------- - 16 Do. Turning basin __--------- --------------- ------------------- 20 Do. Newport channel_ -------- 11 Do. Lido channel ---------- ---------------- ----------------- ---- 10 Do. West Lido channel-------------------- 11 Do. Balboa Island channel-- --- 11 Do. . Upper bay channel ----------.------------------ ------------------ ----- 11 Do. Areas of the main bay not specifically described have been dredged to a depth of 10 feet. Work remaining consists of widening the main channel, dredging the anchorages on both sides of the main channel opposite Balboa Island, and deepening Newport channel. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1317 Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds_ _ _ - -- $118, 046 $118, 046 Public Works funds______________ _______________________ $796, 897 -__ _ - 796, 897 Total. United States funds __- - ---- 796, 897 118, 046 914, 943 Contributed funds______________ ________________________ 796, 897 - - 796, 897 Total, all funds . __ 1,593, 794 118, 046 1, 711, 840 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ... . _.. _. --- . -$796, 897 Cost ....-.--- --. _-- ------ ----.-- 796, 97 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- $3, 000 -$1, 501 $1,050 $1, 000 $250 118, 216 Cost_ - 496 645 2,394 299 792 118,046 1 Does not include $796,897 for new work performed with contributed funds. 8. SAN DIEGO HARBOR, CALIF. Location. San Diego Harbor is on the Pacific coast just north of the United States-Mexico boundary line, about 96 and 506 miles south- east of Los Angeles Harbor and San Francisco Bay, respectively. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5107.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, March 3, 1875, September 19, 1890, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1976 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1642 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a rubble- mound jetty 7,500 feet long on Zuniga Shoal; for an entrance channel 40 feet deep, 800 feet wide; for removal of Middle Ground Shoal and widening the entrance channel to the eastward in that vicinity to a depth of 36 feet; for a bay channel 35 feet deep and 2,200 feet wide from the vicinity of Whalers Bight to the naval air station; for an anchorage area north of the bay channel 1,200 feet wide, 12,000 feet long, and 35 and 26 feet deep in the eastern and western halves, re- spectively; for an approach to the 35-foot anchorage, triangular in shape, 900 feet wide and 35 feet deep; for an approach to the 26-foot anchorage, triangular in shape, 800 feet wide and 26 feet deep; for a seaplane basin 1,500 feet wide, 12,000 feet long, and 8 feet deep, land- ward of the anchorage area; for a turning basin 35 feet deep, opposite the municipal piers; for a channel approximately 20,000 feet long, 1,500 to 2,500 feet wide, and 30 feet deep in the southern part of the bay; for a channel to National City and Chula Vista 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide; for a seaplane basin in the southern part of the bay, 5,000 to 8,500 feet wide, 21,000 feet long, and 10 feet deep, using a part of the dredged material to fill an area of approximately 110 acres adja- 1318 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 cent to the southern end of the basin; and for an earthen dike 7,735 feet long to divert the San Diego River from San Diego Bay to Mis- sion Bay. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 4.7 feet. The extreme range is about 10.5 feet. The latest revised (1955) estimated cost of new work for the active part of the project is $9,675,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The completion of dredging in area S and in the Chula Vista channel is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of the inactive part was last revised in 1954 and was estimated at $1,270,100. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1875 Diversion dike_____________ __ ________ Annual Report 1873, p. 1142. Sept. 19, 1890 Jetty on Zuniga Shoal_ _____________________________ H. [Ex.] Doc. 177, 50th Cong., 1st sess. (Annual Report 1888, p. 2114.) Mar. 4, 1913 Dredging channel through outer bar 570 feet wide and H. Doc. 1309, 62d Cong., 3d sess. 35 feet deep, and a channel through the middle ground 32 feet deep. July 27,1916 Widening the approach (area B) to San Diego munic- H. Doc. 648, 64th Cong., 1st sess. ipal pier 2 by dredging area C (north of area B). Aug. 8,1917 Dredging area A (south of area B) __----------------Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 8, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Do -.-- Dredging the 35-foot channel through the Middle H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Ground. Sept. 22, 1922 Dredging areas D and E__...______________________- _H. Doc. 1000, 66th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 3,1925 Widening the approach (area C) to San Diego munic- Rivers and Harbors Committee ipal pier 1 by dredging a portion of area F (north of Doe. 2, 68th Cong., 1st sess. area C). July 3,1930 For the 40-foot channel through the outer bar: dredg- S. Doc. 81, 71st Cong., 2d sess. ing along the south and north banks of the main channel; dredging the turning basin; dredging area H; and dredging a channel to National City and Chula Vista. Aug. 30, 19351 Widening the bay channel to 2,200 feet with depth of H. Doc. 223, 73d Cong., 2d sess. 35 feet from the vicinity of Whalers Bight in the lower bay to the naval air station opposite the turning basin. Aug. 26, 1937 Dredging areas Q, Q-1, M, N, and O--- _-------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 89, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Oct. 17,1940 Dredging of a seaplane basin (area S) of approxi- H. Doc. 844, 76th Cong., 3d sess. mately 3,000 acres, 10 feet deep, and the filling of an area of approximately 110 acres adjacent to the southerly end of the basin. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Dredging of triangular approaches to 26- and 35-foot H. Doc. 390, 77th Cong., 1st sess. anchorages, area M. 1 Included in the Emergency Relief program, May 28, 1935. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, pro- vides that before any work is undertaken on the turning basin, local interests shall furnish necessary disposal areas and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and Chief of Engineers that they will deepen areas adjacent to the municipal piers to a depth of 35 feet, and that before any work is undertaken on the channel to Chula Vista local interests shall contribute $10,000 in cash. These conditions have been complied with, except in the case of the channel to Chula Vista (one of the inactive parts of the project). The modification of the project in the act of October 17, 1940, is subject to the provision that the Chief of Engineers may direct the disposal of dredged materials RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1319 on lands not under Federal ownership, provided that local interests reimburse the United States for the cost involved in excess of the cost of disposal by the most economical method and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from such dis- posal. This requirement was accepted by resolution of the city of Co- ronado and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The River and Har- bor Act of March 2, 1945, requires no local cooperation. Terminal facilities. In San Diego Harbor there are 34,427 linear feet of wharves, exclusive of Government-owned wharves of which 16,123 feet are municipally owned, and 18,304 linear feet by private interests. In addition, there are 2 wharves at Coronado and 1 Gov- ernment-owned wharf at North Island. Facilities are being expanded to meet increased commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of condition and operation studies by hired labor. The costs were $1,346 from regular maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The active part of the existing proj- ect is about 97 percent complete. The San Diego River dike was com- pleted in 1876; the Zuniga Shoal jetty, in 1904; the entrance channel, to a width of 800 feet and a depth of 40 feet, in 1934; the bay channel, to a width of 2,200 feet and a depth of 35 feet, in 1936; the dredging for the Navy at mooring No. 49, in 1941; the dredging of the western anchorage area and seaplane basin in area M, to depths of 26 and 8 feet, respectively, and in areas N and 0, to a depth of 30 feet, in 1942; and the dredging in area S, to the extent desired by the Navy, in 1946. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel .......................----- _________________-. .. ... 40 April 1953. Bay channel _ --... --..........-- -- ........... --------...--... 35 April 1952. 26-foot anchorage -------------------------------- 26 Do. Triangular approach to 26-foot anchorage_----------------.-.-,_ .. .1 Do. 35-foot anchorage ........... ............-------------- 35 Do. Triangular approach to 35-foot anchorage-_ .-.. - _. .... .. --....... .. 26 Do. Seaplane basin (area M) _________________ ____ __________ __________ __ 8 Do. Turning basin ....----------------------------------------------------- 35 Do. South Bay channel___ - _-- ---- ------------- __-..-. ... .. ..-.-...-- 30 Do. Seaplane basin (area S) ---------------------------------------------- 10 Do. Chula Vista channel_______________________________............... 16 Do. Work remaining on the active part of the project consists of com- pletion of dredging in the triangular approaches to the 26-foot and 35-foot anchorages in area M. The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds _______________ $7, 949, 756 $277, 317 $8, 227, 073 Public Works funds .. -- 86, 352 -____ - 86, 352 Emergency Relief funds_ __ - __ 1, 226, 793 ----. .-..... 1, 226, 793 Total, United States funds_______________________ 9, 262, 901 277, 317 9, 540, 218 Contributed funds__________ ___ .___________ ___ ___ _ 4, 441 4, 441 Total, all funds- __- -------.... ---- - 9, 267, 342 277, 317 9, 544, 659 1320 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 ,. prior to 19511 New work: Appropriated . ----------------------- ------------ ------- ----------------- $9,417,605 Cost------------- _ -------------- ---------- 9,417,605 Maintenance: Appropriated__ $6 $5,112 $3,200 $3,600 $450 337,230 Cost _________________ 1,915 10,432 5,406 3,057 1,346 337,221 1Includes $154,704 for new work and $59,904 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Does not include $4,441 for new work performed with contributed funds. 3 Includes $86,352 Public Works funds; includes $1,226,793 Emergency Relief funds. 9. SAN DIEGO RIVER AND MISSION BAY, CALIF. Location. The San Diego River has its source on the tableland in the Cuyamaca Mountains near Santa Ysabel, Calif., and flows southwest- ward 52 miles to the Pacific Ocean at the city of San Diego. Mission Bay Harbor is adjacent to the outlet of the San Diego River, 77 miles southeast of Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbors and 8 miles north of San Diego Harbor. E iting project. The plan of improvement provides for a leveed flood channel 800 feet wide with a capacity of 87,400 cubic feet per second, from 0.4 mile above Morena Boulevard, 3.3 miles directly to the ocean; alteration of a railroad bridge over the leveed river flood channel; dredging of an entrance channel 20 feet deep into Mission Bay, and in the bay a main channel and turning basin about 3,500 feet long and 1,000 feet wide, and 2 anchorage basins, one 3,000 feet long and 800 feet wide and the other about 1,600 feet long and 800 feet wide, all to a depth of 20 feet; and construction of 3 jetties at the entrance, and stone revetment for the banks of the entrance and main channels and turning basin. The latest (1955) approved estimated cost of new work is $10,200,- 000 and the estimated cost of annual maintenance is $13,000 for the navigation improvement. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act, approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 760, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) This project modifies the flood control project: "San Diego River Basin, Calif." (See H. Doc. 635, 77th Cong., 2d sess.) The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The diurnal range is 4.4 feet. The extreme range is 9.5 feet. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide the neces- sary bulkheading and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands and rights-of-way, including spoil-disposal areas nec- essary for construction of the improvements; (2) make all necessary alterations to highway bridges, utilities, and side-drainage structures; (3) purchase and hold in the public interest those lands between the flood control channel and Mission Bay that are west of United States Highway 101; (4) prepare project plans and construction schedules for the improvement of the bay area for park purposes, those plans RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1321 and schedules to be subject to approval by the Secretary of the Army; (5) complete the improvements of the 8-foot dredging and the park development within 5 years after completion of the project; (6) pro- vide adequate facilities for storage, maintenance, and supply of small craft; (7) maintain and operate the entire project, except maintenance of the jetties, the stone revetment constructed by the United States, and the project depths in areas dredged by the United States; (8) protect the carrying capacity of the flood control channel from future en- croachments or obstructions; and (9) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work. Local interests have furnished assurances specified by the act that were approved by the Secretary of the Army and have expended in excess of $8,000,000 toward fulfillment of the requirements of local cooperation. Work completed to date toward fulfilling the require- ments of local cooperation includes dredging of about 8,000,000 cubic yards in the west and east arms of Mission Bay, all to a depth of 8 feet; removing the Mission Boulevard bridge; completing a tem- porary bridge at Ventura Boulevard and new bridges at Midway Drive, U. S. 101, Sunset Cliffs Boulevard, and Morena Boulevard. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel (pilot channel) ---------------------------------------- 7 May 1952. M ain channel (pilot channel) - -------------------- -- ------ ----- -- - 8 June 1951. Turning basin (pilot channel) --------------------------------- _ - ... .. 8 Do. East anchorage basin (pilot channel) ---------- ---------------- --..... 8 Do. West anchorage basin ------------------------------- _-_-_-_ _ . . _ ..... 8 Do. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of sealing of the north jetty, construction of the north and south revet- ment, and dredging of the entrance channel, all by contract. The costs from regular funds were $755,806 for new work per- formed by contract. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project as a whole is approximately 71 percent completed. The project plan for the entire project has been completed. Construction of the downcoast and middle jetties by contract was completed in November 1949. Construction of the north jetty by contract was completed in Sep- tember 1950. Relocation of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway bridge by contract was completed in February 1951. Construction of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway bridge approaches by con- tract was completed in April 1951. Construction of unit No. 1 of the flood channel by continuing contract was completed in August 1951. Construction of foundations for two navigation light towers near the ends of the middle and north jetties was completed in April 1952. Construction of stone-revetment bank protection by contract along the east shore of the main channel was completed in June 1952. Construc- tion of unit No. 2 of the flood channel by contract was commenced in April 1951 and completed in June 1953. Sealing of the north jetty and construction of the north and south revetment were commenced in March 1955 and completed in May 1955. Dredging of the entrance 1322 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 channel to a depth of 20 feet and a width of (670 feet was commenced in December 1954 and is now 94 percent complete. Work remaining consists of completing the dredging of the entrance channel, a main channel, a turning basin, and two anchorage basins, and revetment of slopes of resultant fills. The total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, are as follows : Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total i I Regular funds_ _ --- $7, 259, 050 050 259, $7, Total, United States funds_ 7, 259, 050 7, 259, 050 Contributed funds ___---------- 115, 689 115, 689 Total, all funds - 7, 374, 739 7, 374, 739 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ........ $1, 500, 000 $510, 000 . -$25, 810 - $805, 000 $7, 314, 190 Cost --------------- 2,914, 019 628, 453 $61, 685 -3,510 755, 806 7,259, 050 1 Does not include $115,689 for new work performed with contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955________ ______ $7,210 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated -- $15, 499 .. - -$8, 810 -_ $115, 689 Cost _ 69, 260 $125 $9, 461 5,218 __115, 689 10. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated amount Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete for- tenance San Luis Obispo Harbor, Calif ------------------ 1937 $568, 417. 13 $54, 715. 08 (1) I Completed. FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1323 11. SANTA MARIA VALLEY LEVEES, SANTA MARIA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. Santa Maria Valley levees would be located along the Santa Maria River and Bradley Canyon in Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties, Calif., about 60 miles northwest of the city of Santa Barbara. The improvements along the Santa Maria River would extend for about 17 miles from Fugler's Point (at the junction of the Cuyama and Sisquoc Rivers) to a point approximately 600 feet downstream from the highway bridge at Guadalupe. The im- provements along Bradley Canyon would extend from the canyon mouth to the Santa Maria River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for levee and channel improvements along the Santa Maria River and along Bradley Canyon. The Santa Maria River levee and channel improvements would consist of (a) a levee on the left bank commencing at Fugler's Point and extending downstream for about 17 miles to a point ap- proximately 600 feet below the highway bridge at Guadalupe, (b) a levee on the right bank commencing about 11/1 miles below U. S. Highway No. 101 and extending downstream for about 5 miles to a point about 11/2 miles above the Southern Pacific railroad bridge at Guadalupe, and (c) channel clearing from Fugler's Point to the Pacific Ocean. The Bradley Canyon levee and channel improvement would consist of about 1.9 miles of leveed channel to divert the floods of Bradley Canyon to the Santa Maria River. This channel, which would have a bottom width of 100 feet, would have a double levee system extending 2,600 feet upstream from the Santa Maria River and a single levee extending 7,500 feet upstream from the double levee system to the mouth of Bradley Canyon. The latest (1955) approved estimated Federal cost is $10,300,000, of which $9,790,000 is for con- struction and $510,000 is for railroad-bridge modification. The im- provement was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954. The levees would be a part of a comprehensive improvement, including the multiple-purpose Vaquero Reservoir that is authorized for construction on the Cuyama River by the Bureau of Reclamation. (See H. Doc. 400, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) References to published articles not previously reported. South- west Builder and Contractor (May 8, 1953, vol. 121, No. 19, p. 42). Local cooperation. Responsible local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work; (3) pay for all necessary railroad, highway, and utility relocations except for railroad bridges and approaches; (4) maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; (5) agree to adjust all water-rights claims resulting from operation of the improvements; and (6) keep the flood channel below Vaquero Dam free from encroachment. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done because funds have not been appropriated. 1324 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 12. LOS ANGELES COUNTY DRAINAGE AREA, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is along the Los Angeles and San Gabriel Rivers, the Rio Hondo, and Ballona Creek, and tributaries thereof in Los Angeles County, Calif. Previous project. Prior to the authorization of the existing proj- ect, flood control improvements in the Los Angeles metropolitan area were undertaken as Emergency Relief projects. For further details, see detailed report on pages 1768 to 1772, inclusive, of the Annual Report for 1941, together with supplemental cost information on page 1602 of the Annual Report for 1942, on page 1535 of the Annual Report for 1943, and in footnote 3 of cost and financial summary for Los Angeles County drainage area, California, flood control general- United States funds, in the Annual Report for 1955. The general plan of improvement of the existing project. The plan of improvement (usually referred to as the general compre- hensive plan of improvement) provides for improvements in four stream basins in Los Angeles County, Calif., as follows: the Los Angeles River Basin, the San Gabriel River Basin, the Rio Hondo Basin, and the Ballona Creek Basin. All units of improvement under the comprehensive plan in the existing project and the estimated costs are listed in the following table; and pertinent information on the existing project, the local cooperation, the operations and results during fiscal year, and the condition at the end of fiscal year is given under subsequent subheadings for each stream basin. Latest approved estimated cost 1955 Project unit Federal 1 Local 2 Total LOS ANGELES RIVER BASIN Blanchard channel_______ __ ________ $466, 000 $110, 000 $576, 000 Blue Gum Canyon..._ .--.-------- 221, 000 45, 000 266, 000 Burbank-Eastern system___________ 3 12, 900, 000 290, 000 13, 190, 000 Burbank-Western system (lower) 3............................. 1, 254, 800 390, 400 1, 645, 200 Burbank-Western system (upper) ______ 6, 122, 000 2, 300, 000 8, 422, 000 Caballero Creek_ .-...- . . --..... . ..... 2, 374, 000 375, 000 2, 749, 000 Compton Creek 3 - 3, 961, 200 408, 400 4, 369, 600 Dead Horse Canyon and Royal Boulevard channel . ... .... 812, 000 132, 000 944, 000 Haines Canyon 3_---__ - -.-- - 524, 700 524, 700 :Hansen flood control reservoir 3 11, 364, 100 11, 364, 100 Lopez Canyon diversion__________ .. 882, 000 300, 000 1, 182, 000 Lopez flood control reservoir 3-----... 515, 900 ----------.--- 515, 900 Los Angeles River channel: Owensmouth Ave. to Lankershim Blvd.3 __..........__ 17, 923, 400 3, 867, 600 21, 791, 000 Lankershim Blvd. to Stewart and Gray Rd.I3 - . ... 55, 919, 100 ________ 55, 919, 100 Stewart and Gray Rd. to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Ry. bridge 3 . . ... 6, 055, 200 358, 800 6, 414, 000 Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Ry. bridge to Pacific Ocean 3 29, 883, 200 10, 500, 000 40, 383, 200 Pacoima Wash channel 3...........__. .. 3, 209, 400 1, 327, 500 4, 536, 900 :Sepulveda flood control reservoir 3-- __ __ 6, 648, 200 6, 648, 200 :Sycamore Wash 3 23, 500 23, 500 Tujunga Wash channel 3_ . 7, 604, 300 2, 207, 600 9, 811, 900 Verdugo Wash, Concord St. to Upper Canada bridge 3........ 850, 300 --- - - - - 850, 300 Verdugo Wash, Upper Canada bridge to debris basin - ---. 1, 548, 000 90, 000 1, 638, 000 Wilson Canyon and Mansfield Street channel_ 3, 592, 000 800, 000 4, 392, 000 Winery Canyon..... .. . . 858, 000 110, 000 968, 000 Total _ .. .. ----- . 175, 512, 300 23, 612, 300 199,124,600 See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL----LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1325 Latest approved estimated cost 1955' Project unit Federal Local 2 Total SAN GABRIEL RIVER BASIN Coyote Creek- . -- ------ _ _- -- $11,181,000 $4, 000, 000 $15, 181, 000 Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash 3_------ - - 3, 006, 200 400, 000 3, 406, 200 Marshall Creek__---- 1,662, 000 175, 000 1, 837, 000 Santa Fe flood control reservoir 3---- 12, 636, 000 -------------- 12, 636, 000 San Gabriel River channel: San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control reservoir 3_ 1, 926, 300 1, 926, 300 Santa Fe flood control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir 3__ __ _ -_ -__ 6, 755, 000 1, 345, 000 I 8,100, 000 Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir to Pacific Ocean__ 9, 364,800 350,000 I 9, 714, 800 'Thompson Creek and San Jose Wash. - . . 6, 912, 000 1, 000, 000 7, 912, 000 Walnut Creek system 3 ______ __ _ 33, 376, 000 6, 750, 000 40, 126, 000 Walnut Creek inlet channel 3-- 3, 921, 000 525, 000 4, 446, 000 Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir 3- 32, 300, 000 _ __--- 32, 300, 000 Total__ ----- 123, 040.300 14, 545, 000 137, 585, 300 RIO HONDO BASIN Alhambra Wash 3 1, 145, 800 - 1, 145, 800 Arcadia Wash system 3_.---------- 9, 511, 100 1, 625, 000 11, 136, 100 Eaton Wash 3................................................. 5, 534, 000 1, 030, 000 6, 564, 000 Rio Hondo channel: Peck Road to Rosemead Blvd. (upper)3_-. 6, 600, 000 1, 750, 000 8, 350, 000 Whittier Narrows 3 flood control reservoir to Los Angeles River (lower) 8, 646, 100 1, 500, 000 10, 146, 100 Rubio Canyon diversion 3 1, 433, 000 415, 000 1,848, 000 Santa Anita Wash 3.. 7, 491, 000 1, 600, 000 9, 091, 000 Sawpit Wash 3- _-_-_-------- 4, 102, 600 500,000 4, 602, 600 Sierra Madre Villa channel 8--------------------------- 811, 000 130, 000 941, 000 Total.............---------------------------------------.. 45,274, 600 8, 550, 000 53,824,600 BALLONA CREEK BASIN Ballona Creek channel and jetties 3. ___ 2, 821, 700 _ 2, 821, 700 Benedict Canyon. _ . ... . ..... .. ... 7, 874, 000 450, 000 8, 324, 000 Centinela Creek 3_--------------------------- 3, 967, 000 3, 100, 000 7, 067, 000 Iiggins and Coldwater Canyons __________ 9, 048, 000 580, 000 9, 628, 000 Sawtelle-Westwood systems 3 12, 762, 100 735, 000 13, 497, 100 Total. ............. __.---............ ------...---- 36,472,800 4,865, 000 41,337, 800 Grand total for comprehensive plan_---.--- __----- 380, 300, 000 51, 572,300 431, 872, 300 1 Approved by the Chief of Engineers on Feb. 1, 1955, excepting estimate for Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir, which was approved by the Chief of Engineers on Aug. 27, 1954. 2 Approved by Los Angeles County Flood Control District on June 30, 1955. s The individual units that have been selected for construction are described in the following paragraphs. LOS ANGELES RIVER BASIN Existing project. For the Los Angeles River Basin, the plan pro- vides for the Sepulveda, Hansen, and Lopez flood-control reservoirs, debris basins at the mouths of 17 tributary canyons, improvement of 49.07 miles of main channel and 53.42 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 109 bridges. In general, standard project floods are used as channel-design floods and reservoir-design floods. Those units of improvement in the Los Angeles River Basin that are com- pleted, under construction, or planned for early construction are de- scribed in following paragraphs. Pertinent information on author- izing acts for the existing project in the Los Angeles River Basin as well as in other stream basins is given under a subsequent heading, "Authorizing Acts." Burbank-Western system (lower) : This unit is on Burbank Wash, a tributary of Los Angeles River. The plan of improvement provides for a rectangular reinforced-concrete channel and appurtenant struc- 1326 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tures, extending from Burbank Boulevard to above Victory Boulevard, a distance of approximately 1.6 miles. The channel is designed with a width of 40 to 60 feet and with wall heights of 12 to 16 feet. The construction of 5 highway bridges and of 5 railroad bridges, and the relocation of 5 sewer lines and of other public utilities are included in the plan. The channel is designed to provide adequate protection from erosion and overflow damage by uncontrolled floodwater of the Burbank-Western system for the residential and industrial proper- ties located in or adjacent to the valley area between Burbank Boule- vard and the Los Angeles River. Burbank-Western system (upper) : This unit is on Burbank Wash, a tributary of Los Angeles River. The plan of improvement includes provisions for a debris basin in La Tuna Canyon; a reinforced-con- crete channel extending downstream from the La Tuna Canyon debris basin to a junction with the Burbank-Western system (lower); en- largement of the existing debris basin in Stough Canyon; and a re- inforced-concrete channel, partly open and partly closed, from the Stough Canyon debris basin to the Burbank-Western channel. Compton Creek, Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain: This downstream part of the Compton Creek unit includes channel improvements along Compton Creek, consisting of the following features: 3.5 miles of rectangular reinforced-concrete channel from above the mouth of the Hooper Avenue storm drain to below Green- leaf Avenue in the city of Compton; 0.5 mile of rock-paved trapezoidal channel below Greenleaf Avenue; 12 highway bridges and 2 railway bridges. This part of the unit, including 2.5 miles of improvement completed between Alameda Street and the Los Angeles River under Emergency Relief projects, provides protection for a large part of the southern portion of the city of Los Angeles and the low-lying area in and around the city of Compton. Compton Creek, Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street: This upstream part of the Compton Creek unit provides for an open, rec- tangular concrete channel from Main Street to the upper end of the existing concrete channel (a distance of 2.1 miles) and includes the construction of 1 railroad bridge. Haines Canyon: This unit consists of a rectangular reinforced- concrete channel of Haines Canyon from Plainview Avenue to the mouth of Haines Canyon ( a distance of 1.8 miles), thus completing a channel 3.6 miles long from Tujunga Wash to the existing debris basin. The unit also includes reconstruction of the debris basin by construction of a reinforced-concrete spillway and outlet structure, enlargement of the earthfill embankment, and excavation in the basin. The debris basin and the channel between Tujunga Wash and Plain- view Avenue were constructed under Emergency Relief projects. The project intercepts the runoff from 7 square miles of mountainous ter- rain and protects the cities of Tujunga and Sunland. Hansen flood-control reservoir: This unit is on Tujunga Wash ap- proximately 9.4 miles above its junction with the Los Angeles River. It includes a rolled earthfill dam 10,475 feet long, maximum height 97 feet above streambed, with a flood-control reservoir of 34,100 acre-feet FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1327 capacity at spillway crest; an uncontrolled spillway 284 feet in length, located near the center of the dam where bedrock is available; and out- let works through the dam near the center of the structure. The operation of the basin regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 147.4 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 64,800 to 12,000 cubic feet per second. Lopez flood-control reservoir: This unit is located on Pacoima Wash approximately 6 miles above its confluence with Tujunga Wash. The improvement serves principally as a debris basin. The plans provide for a rolled earth fill dam about 1,300 feet long, maximum height about 50 feet above streambed, with a debris and flood control reser- voir of about 900 acre-feet capacity. The drainage area above the dam site is 34 square miles. The partly regulated and desilted out- flows will discharge into the Pacoima Wash channel. Los Angeles River channel, Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard: This unit comprises three reaches: (1) Owensmouth Ave- nue to Sepulveda flood control reservoir; (2) Sepulveda flood-control reservoir to Tujunga Wash; (3) Tujunga Wash to Lankershim Boulevard. The plan of improvement provides for a reinforced-concrete chan- nel for Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard (a distance of 13.2 miles). Los Angeles River channel, Lankershim Boulevard to Niagara Street: This upstream part of the unit from Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road is a rectangular concrete channel from Lankershim Boulevard to Niagara Street (a distance of 1.7 miles). Los Angeles River channel, Niagara Street to Stewart and Gray Road. The plan of improvement for this downstream part of the unit provides for channel improvements along the Los Angeles River as follows: A rectangular concrete channel from Niagara Street to Bur- bank-Western Wash (1.7 miles) ; a trapezoidal channel with concrete slab or grouted-rock protection from Burbank-Western Wash to 1,400 feet above Dayton Avenue (7.5 miles) ; a channel with concrete invert and either sloping concrete sidewalls or vertical sheet steel-pile or concrete retaining walls, depending on rights-of-way available and the proximity of mainline railroads on each bank, from 1,400 feet above Dayton Avenue to Soto Street (5.4 miles) ; a trapezoidal channel with concrete slab or grouted-rock bank protection from Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road (6.2 miles) ; and 4 highway bridges, 4 rail- road bridges, and 1 footbridge. Additional work consists of repairs to invert at Spring, Main, and Alhambra Streets; and of paving of soft-bottom channels, Victory Boulevard, to Dayton Ave., and the reach, Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road. Los Angeles River channel, Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge: The plan provides for levees with grouted-cobblestone bank protection and concrete-paved invert for this reach of the river (a distance of 2.4 miles). The unit provides protection for the low-lying areas of Los Angeles, South Gate, and Lynwood to the west and South Gate to the east. Los Angeles River channel, Santa Ana branch, Pacific Electric 363037-55-vol. 2- 84 1328 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean: The plan of improvement provides for construction of a trapezoidal channel from the Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean (a distance to 10.3 miles). Los Angeles River channel, Long Beach Boulevard: Improvement for this part of the unit from Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean provides channel rectification of the Los Angeles River at Long Beach Boulevard for a distance of about 0.4 mile, by the removal of about 154,000 cubic yards of mate- rial. The improvement removed a constriction in the river channel :above the city of Long Beach. Pacoima Wash channel: This unit includes channel improvements consisting of the following features: 5.9 miles of trapezoidal channel with reinforced-concrete invert and grouted-cobblestone slopes with base width ranging from 10 feet to 35 feet, and 0.6 mile of rectangular reinforced-concrete channel, with base widths of 30 feet and 55 feet, extending from Lopez flood control reservoir to the confluence with Tujunga Wash channel. Sepulveda flood control reservoir: This unit is on the upper Los Angeles River, approximately 43.1 miles above the mouth. It includes a rolled earth fill dam 15,443 feet long, maximum height 57 feet above streambed, with a flood control reservoir of 17,440 acre-feet capacity at the top of the spillway-crest gates; a spillway 399 feet in length, located near the center of the dam; and outlet works through the dam near the center of the structure. The operation of the reservoir regu- lates the runoff from a tributary area of 155.3 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 69,000 to 7,100 cubic feet per second. Sycamore Wash: This unit consists of 0.07 mile of covered rein- forced-concrete conduit at the juction of Sycamore Wash with the Los Angeles River between San Fernando Road and the Southern Pacific Railroad, to provide an outlet for the existing improved chan- nel through the city of Glendale. The unit, including 0.6 mile of improved channel completed under Emergency Relief projects, will receive the runoff from an area of 7.7 square miles in the south por- tion of the city of Glendale. Local interests contemplate construction of a relief bypass channel, when required by future development. Tujunga Wash Channel: This unit is an open rectangular concrete channel extending from the existing structure at Hansen flood control reservoir to the Los Angeles River (a distance of 9.3 miles). The unit provides flood protection for residential areas in the San Fernando Valley. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge: This unit includes channel improvements along Verdugo Wash, consisting of the following features: 5.1 miles of reinforced-concrete channel con- necting existing improved channels at both ends of the wash between Concord Street and Upper Canada Boulevard bridge, in the city of Glendale, and the removal and replacement of 15 street bridges, 1 railroad bridge, and 1 footbridge. The unit, including a debris basin and improved channel completed in part under Emergency Relief projects and in part by the Los Angeles County Flood Control Dis- trict, provides protection for the city of Glendale. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1329 Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the follow- ing units or parts of units in the Los Angeles River Basin: Compton Creek, Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain. Haines Canyon. Hansen flood control reservoir. Lopez flood control reservoir. Los Angeles River channel: Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road. Long Beach Boulevard. .Sepulveda flood control reservoir. Sycamore Wash. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge. Local interests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, bear the expense of all highway and highway-bridge modifications, hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, and maintain and operate all the works after completion for the following units or parts of units in the Los Angeles River Basin: Blanchard channel. Blue Gum Canyon. Burbank-Eastern system. Burbank-Western system (lower). Burbank-Western system (upper). -Caballero Creek. Compton Creek, Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street. Dead Horse Canyon and Royal Boulevard channel. Lopez Canyon diversion. Los Angeles River channel: Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard. Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge. Santa Ana branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean. Pacoima Wash channel. Tujunga Wash channel. Verdugo Wash, Upper Canada bridge to debris basin. Wilson Canyon and Mansfield Street channel. Winery Canyon. Operations and results during fiscal year. Information on opera- tions and results for the fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Los Angeles River Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construction. Burbank-Western system (lower) : No operations were performed during fiscal year. Burbank-Western system (upper) : No operations were performed during fiscal year. Compton Creek: Operations consisted of maintaining the channel in good operating condition from Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain. The costs from regular funds were $1,383 for mainte- nance, all work performed by hired labor. One minor storm occurred on January 18, 1955, producing a peak discharge of 2,710 c. f. s., which is approximately 30 percent of channel capacity. Haines Canyon: Operations consisted of maintaining the channel and debris basin in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $1,554 for maintenance, all work performed by hired labor. 1330 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 No major storm occurred in this area, and deposit of detrital material in the basin was negligible. Hansen flood reservoir control: Operations consisted of maintain- ing the dam in good operating condition and preparing operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds for new work were minus $30,031 for work performed by contract and $550 for work performed by hired labor. The costs from regular funds for maintenance were $21,263 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were minus $8,218. Inflows into the reservoir were negligible, and no releases from the reservoir were made. The maximum water in storage was 1,160 acre-feet, or 4 percent of the gross storage capacity at spillway crest. Lopez flood control reservoir: Operations consisting of completing construction of the dam and of initiating work on the operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds for new work were $314,458 for work performed by contract and $7,850 for hired labor. The total costs were $321,808. The reservoir was dry for the entire period. Los Angeles River channel, Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard: This unit comprises three reaches: (1) Owensmonth Ave- nue to Sepulveda flood control reservoir; (2) Sepulveda flood control reservoir to Tujunga Wash; (3) Tujunga Wash to Lankershim Boule- vard. Work consisted of the following operations in reach 1: Com- pleting part 6 (Sepulveda Reservoir to Reseda Boulevard) and exca- vating 530,000 cubic yards in part 7 (Reseda Boulevard to Corbin Avenue). The costs from regular funds for new work for the three units were $2,218,385 for work performed by contract and $16,000 for work performed by hired labor. The total Federal costs were $2,234,385. Los Angeles River channel, Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road: Operations consisted of repairs to the soft-bottom section of the channel and maintaining the channel in good operating condi- tion. Status of repairs for the unreinforced invert on three parts of the reach, North Broadway to Aliso Street, is as follows: Invert re- placement was completed for part 1, Spring Street; invert replacement for part 2, Main Street, is 25 percent complete; and invert replacement for part 3, Alhambra Street, is 25 percent complete. Paving the soft-bottom (emergency) section, Victory Boulevard to Dayton Avenue was completed. The costs from regular funds for new work were $795,700 for work performed by contract and $61,290 by hired labor. The costs from regular funds for maintenance were $38,363 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $895,353. One minor storm occurred on January 18, 1955, producing a peak discharge of 4,400 c. f. s. at Mariposa Street, which is approximately 8 percent of channel capacity. At Dayton Avenue the peak discharge was 6,850 c. f. s., which is approximately 6 percent of channel ca- pacity, and at Firestone Boulevard the peak discharge was 13,600 c. f. s., which is approximately 11 percent of channel capacity. Los Angeles River channel, Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge: No operations were per- formed during the fiscal year. The costs for new work were minus FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1331 $6,468 performed by contract and minus $1,447 performed by hired labor, a total of minus $7,915. Los Angeles River channel, Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean: Operations included completion of plans and specifications and initiation of construction on (1) part 4, 20th Street to Willow Street, construction, 26 percent complete: (2) part 5, Willow Street to Wardlow Road, construction, 10 percent com- plete; (3) part 6, Wardlow Road to Carson Street, construction, 6 percent complete; and (4) part 12, Compton Boulevard to Pacific Electric Railway, construction started. Plans and specifications were under preparation for part 7, Carson Street to 48th Street. The costs from regular funds for new work were $2,440,871 for work performed by contract and $135,834 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $2,576,705. Los Angeles River channel, Long Beach Boulevard: No operations were performed during the fiscal year. Pacoima Wash channel: Operations consisted of preparing the operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds for new work were minus $3,012 for work performed by contract and $1,952 by hired labor. The total costs were minus $1,060. Sepulveda flood control reservoir: Operations consisted of main- taining the dam in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were minus $2,200 for new work performed by contract and were $1,243 for new work and $28,237 for maintenance, all performed by hired labor. The total costs were $27,280. One minor storm occurred during the year on January 18, 1955, which produced a peak inflow and outflow of 2,400 c. f. s. Reservoir peak storage was 16 acre-feet, or less than 1 percent of gross storage capacity at spillway crest. Sycamore Wash: No operations were performed during the fiscal year. One minor storm occurred on January 18, 1955, producing a peak discharge of 310 cubic feet per second, which is approximately 12 percent of channel capacity. Tujunga Wash channel: Operations consisted of completion of operation and maintenance manuals. The costs from regular funds for new work were $365 by hired labor. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge: Opera- tions during the fiscal year consisted of maintaining the channel. The cost, from regular funds was $180 for maintenance. One minor storm occurred on January 18, 1955, producing a peak discharge of 620 cubic feet per second, which is approximately 3 per- cent of channel capacity. Condition at the end of fiscal year. Information on condition at the end of fiscal year is given in the following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Los Angeles River Basin that are con- structed, under construction, or planned for early construction. Burbank-Western system (lower) : This unit was completed in 1949. No work remains to be done. Burbank-Western system (upper) : The definite project plan was approved in 1949. Work remaining to be done comprises plans and specifications and construction. 1332 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Compton Creek channel, Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain: This downstream part of the Compton Creek unit was com- pleted in 1939. Work remaining consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights-of-way. Compton Creek channel, Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street: This upstream part of the Compton Creek unit was completed in 1951. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from Hooper Avenue storm drain to Lanzit Avenue was completed in Janu- ary 1951. Construction by contract of the reach from Lanzit Avenue to Main Street was completed in November 1951. No work remains to be done. Haines Canyon: This unit was completed in 1938. Work remain- ing consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights-of-way. Hansen flood control reservoir: The dam was completed in 1941. Work remaining consists of reimbursement to local interests for rights-of-way. Lopez flood control reservoir: The dam was completed in 1955. No work remains to be done. Los Angeles River channel, Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard: a. Owensmouth Avenue to Sepulveda flood control reservoir: Construction of part 6 (Reseda Boulevard to Sepulveda flood control reservoir) was completed in 1955. The project plan and contract plans and specifications on part 7 (Corbin Avenue to Reseda Boule- vard) were completed and construction by contract has been initiated. Work remaining consists of completing construction of part 7 and completing the contract plans and specifications and construction of part 8 (Owensmouth Avenue to Corbin Avenue). b. Sepulveda flood control reservoir to Tujunga Wash: Construc- tion was completed in 1953. No work remains to be done. c. Tujunga Wash to Lankershim Boulevard: Construction was completed in 1949. No work remains to be done. Los Angeles River channel, Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road: The channel from Lankershim Boulevard to Niagara Street was completed in 1948. Channel improvement and bridge re- construction from Niagara Street to Dayton Avenue bridge, except the Burbank-Western side drainage channel, were completed in 1939. The inlet structure for Burbank-Western channel was completed in 1940. Channel improvement from Dayton Avenue bridge to Arroyo Seco was completed in 1940; Arroyo Seco to North Broadway, in 1942; North Broadway to Aliso Street, in 1943; 4th Street to 23d Street, in 1940; 23d Street to Downey Road, in 1940; Downey Road to Atlantic Avenue, in 1940; Atlantic Avenue to Randolph Street, in 1942; Randolph Street to Stewart and Gray Road, in 1942, (except reconstruction of Firestone Boulevard bridge, which was completed in 1949). Channel stabilizers between Stewart and Gray Road and Randolph Street were completed in 1940, and 3 additional stabilizers were constructed in 1944. Two stabilizers were constructed by hired labor in 1949 between Los Feliz Boulevard and Verdugo Wash. Re- placement of unreinforced invert at Spring Street was completed in 1955; and paving of soft-bottom section, Victory Boulevard to Dayton Avenue, was completed in 1954. Work remaining to be done consists FLOOD CONTROI--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1333 of reimbursement to local interests for rights-of-way; completion of plans and specifications and construction for paving soft-bottom sec- tion, Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road; and completion of re- placement of unreinforced invert at Main and Alhambra Streets. Los Angeles River channel, Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge: Construction by contract of the reach from Stewart and Gray Road to Imperial Highway was completed in December 1951, and the reach from Imperial Highway to station 570 was completed in November 1951. Construction by con- tinuing contract of the reach from station 570 to station 560 was com- pleted in February 1954. No work remains to be done. Los Angeles River channel, Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway to Pacific Ocean: Preparation of the project plan is partially complete. Construction on the reach from Pacific Ocean to 7th Street was completed in February 1954 and construction on the reach from Seventh Street to 20th Street was completed in April 1955. Contract plans and specifications are partially complete on the reach from Carson Street to 48th Street. Construction has been started on the reach from 20th Street to Carson Street and on the reach from Compton Boulevard to the Pacific Electric Railway. Work re- maining consists of completion of project plan, contract plans and specifications, and construction. Los Angeles River channel, Long Beach Boulevard: Removal of a constriction caused by silt deposit at this point was completed in 1938. No work remains to be done. Pocoima Wash Channel: This unit was completed in 1953. Con- struction by continuing contracts of the reach from Tujunga Wash to Arleta Avenue was initiated in December 1952, and from Arleta Avenue to Lopez flood control reservoir, in June 1953. No work re- mains to be done. Sepulveda flood control reservoir: The dam was completed in 1941. Work remaining consist of reimbursement to local interests for rights- of-way. Sycamore Wash: This unit was completed in 1938. Work remain- ing consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights-of-way. Tujunga Wash channel: This unit was completed in 1952. Con- struction by contract of the reach from Los Angeles River to Mag- nolia Boulevard was completed in February 1950. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from Magnolia Boulevard to Vanowen Street was completed in January 1951. Construction by contract of the reach from Vanowen Street to Beachy Avenue was completed in November 1951. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from Beachy Avenue to Hansen flood control reservoir was completed in February 1952. No work remains to be done. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge: This unit was completed in 1939. Work remaining consists of reimburse- ments to local interests for rights-of-way. SAN GABRIEL RIVER BASIN Existing project. For the San Gabriel River Basin, the plan pro- vides for the Santa Fe and Thittier Narrows flood control reservoirs, debris basins at the mouth of 7 tributary canyons, improvement of 1334 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 35.6 miles of main channel and 69.16 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 142 bridges. In general, standard project floods are used as channel-design floods and reservoir-design floods. Those units of improvement in the San Gabriel River Basin that are completed, under construction, or planned for early construction are described in following paragraphs. Pertinent information on authorizing acts for the existing project in the San Gabriel River Basin as well as in other stream basins is given under a subsequent heading, "Authorizing Acts." Emerald Wash and Like Oak Wash: This unit is in the San Gabriel River Basin about 4 miles from the San Bernardino County line. The plan of improvement for Emerald Wash provides for construction of a debris basin on Emerald Wash of 20,000 cubic yards capacity and one on the east branch of Emerald Wash of 60,000 cubic yards capacity ; and an open, rectangular concrete channel, ranging in, width from 12 to 24 feet, from the debris basin to Puddingstone Reservoir, a distance of 3.1 miles. The East Branch channel from the proposed debris basin to the proposed Emerald Wash channel, a distance of 0.1 mile, will be an open rectangular concrete channel with a width of 14 feet. The plan of improvement for Live Oak Wash provides for a debris basin of 35,000 yards capacity and an open, rectangular concrete chan- nel, varying in width from 18 to 20 feet, from the debris basin to Emerald Wash, a distance of 1.8 miles. Santa Fe flood control reservoir: This unit is on the San Gabriel River, approximately 29 miles above its mouth. The improvement is a rolled earthfill dam 23,800 feet long, maxi- mum height 92 feet above streambed, with a flood control reservoir of 34,300 acre-feet capacity at spillway crest; an uncontrolled spillway 1,200 feet in length, located near the right abutment; and outlet works through the dam near the center of the structure. The operation of the reservoir regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 231 square miles, reducing the flow of the design flood from 81,600 to 19,000 cubic feet per second. San Gabriel River channel, San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control reservoir: This unit includes the raising and strengthening of existing levees between the mouth of San Gabriel Canyon and the Santa Fe flood control reservoir, a distance of 3.4 miles. This unit will confine the channel design flood on the upper San Gabriel River to its present course, will prevent flanking of the Santa Fe flood control reservoir, and will protect the built-up areas in the vicinity of Azusa. San Gabriel River channel, Santa Fe flood control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir: This unit includes improve- ment of the main channel of the San Gabriel River between the 2 flood control reservoirs, a distance of 6.25 miles, by construction of an ex- cavated channel and earth levees faced with reinforced-concrete slabs. It will conduct outlet flows from Santa Fe flood control reservoir and inflows from the proposed Walnut Creek system and from local side- drainage and storm drains safely through rapidly developing resi- dential, commercial, and industrial districts into the upstream part of the Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir. The channel will vary FLOOD CONTRO---LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1335 in bottom width from about 300 to 400 feet, will vary in depth from 9 to 15 feet, and will have levee side slopes of 1 vertical on 21/4 hori- zontal. Walnut Creek system: This unit includes (1) 2 debris basins in the foothills at the upstream end of Big Dalton Wash; (2) channel im- provements along Walnut Creek upstream from its confluence with Big Dalton Wash, a distance of 6.85 miles; (3) channel improvements on Big Dalton Wash, a distance of 10.6 miles from its confluence with Walnut Creek to the debris basins; (4) channel improvements on Little Dalton Wash, a distance of 6.4 miles from its confluence with Big Dalton Wash to the toe of the ogee of the existing debris basin; and (5) channel improvements on San Dimas Wash, a distance of 8.3 miles from its confluence with Big Dalton Wash to the existing Pud- dingstone diversion dam in San Dimas Canyon. The system will carry flows from the channel design flood safely through an area rap- idly developing for residential, commercial, and industrial uses. Walnut Creek inlet channel: This unit includes improvement of the channel of Walnut Creek from its confluence with Big Dalton Wash downstream to its confluence with San Gabriel River channel up- stream from the Southern Pacific Railway bridge, a distance of 2.25 miles. The plan of improvement provides for an excavated chan- nel, having a bottom width of 300 feet, earthfill levees, a total depth of 14 feet, and revetted side slopes of 1 vertical on 3 horizontal. This unit will confine flows of the channel design flood delivered to it from the upstream tributaries and will collect side-drainage and storm- drain flows in order to protect a rapidly developing residential, com- mercial, and industrial area. Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir: This unit is on the main channels of the Rio Hondo and the San Gabriel River 10 miles east of the city of Los Angeles and between 3 and 4 miles downstream from the city of El Monte, Calif. The plan of improvement provides for a rolled earthfill dam with gated flood control outlets discharging into the Rio Hondo chan- nel and gated spillway outlets discharging into the San Gabriel River channel with a flood control reservoir of 35,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the reservoir will regulate the, runoff from a trib- utary area of 554 square miles, of which 231 square miles are now controlled at Santa Fe flood control reservoir. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the follow- ing units or parts of units in the San Gabriel River Basin: Santa Fe flood control reservoir. San Gabriel River channel: San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control reservoir. Santa Fe flood control reservoir to Walnut Creek (that part constructed within the $70,000,000 authorization). Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir. Local interests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, bear the expense of all highway and highway-bridge modifications, hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, and maintain and operate all the works 1336 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 after completion for the following units or parts of units in the San Gabriel River Basin: Coyote Creek. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash. Marshall Creek. San Gabriel River Channel: Santa Fe flood control reservoir to Walnut Creek (only that part con- structed outside the $70,000.000 authorization). Walnut Creek to Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir. Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir to the Pacific Ocean. Thompson Creek and San Jose Wash. Walnut Creek system. Walnut Creek inlet channel. Operations and results during fiscal year. Information on opera- tions and results for the fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the San Gabriel River Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construction. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash: Operations consisted of prepa- ration of operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds were $40 for new work performed by hired labor. Santa Fe flood control reservoir: Operations consisted of maintain- ing the dam in good operating condition and installing metering ap- paratus. The costs from regular funds were $698 for new work and $27,642 for maintenance by hired labor. The total costs were $28,340. The reservoir was dry for the entire period. San Gabriel River, San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control reservoir: Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of administration of Government-owned land at a cost of $222 from regular funds for new work by hired labor. San Gabriel River, Santa Fe flood control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir: Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of initiation of the project plan. The costs from regular funds for new work were $9,666 for work performed by hired labor. Walnut Creek system: Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of initiation of the project plan. The costs from regular funds for new work were $17,822 for work performed by hired labor. The work included initiation of the project plan on Walnut Creek inlet channel. Walnut Creek inlet channel: See Walnut Creek system. Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir. Operations were as fol- lows: Road relocations were completed, utility relocations were 80 percent completed. Construction of the central embankment, the Rosemead ramp and paving, and the San Gabriel River approach channel were completed by contract in March 1954; the first phase of the San Jose diversion channel and the flood-flow channel were com- pleted in April 1954. Reservoir clearing by contract was started in February 1954 and completed in June 1954. Construction of the west embankment, outlet works, Rio Hondo approach channel, and the final phase of the San Jose diversion channel was initiated by continuing contract in April 1954 and is about 84 percent complete. Installation of gates and operational equipment was 88 percent com- pleted. The costs fron regular funds for new work were $4,405,478 FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1337 for work performed by contract, and $248,038 for hired labor. The total costs were $4,653,516, exclusive of contributed funds. Condition at the end of fiscal year. Information on condition at the end of fiscal year is given in the following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the San Gabriel River Basin that are con- structed, under construction, or planned for early construction. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash: This unit is about 14 per- cent completed. The project plan and contract plans and specifica- tions have been completed for the reach from A Street to D Street. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from A Street to D Street was completed in December 1950. Work remaining con- sists of completing the project plan and contract plans and specifica- tions, and construction of the remainder of the channel. Santa Fe flood control reservoir: This unit was completed in 1948. Work remaining consists of preparation of recreational planning re- port, operation and maintenance manual, and rights-of-way trans- actions. San Gabriel River channel, San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control reservoir: This unit was completed in 1947. Repair work to the existing right bank levee to protect against flanking of Santa Fe flood control reservoir was completed in 1943. No work remains to be done. San Gabriel River channel, Santa Fe flood control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir: The project plan is 20 per- cent complete. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan and plans and specifications and construction of unit. Walnut Creek inlet channel: The project plan is 35 percent com- Work remaining consists of completion of project plan and plans and specifications and construction of unit. Walnut Creek Inlet Channel: The project plan is 35 percent com- plete. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan and plans and specifications and construction of unit. Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir: This unit is about 85 percent complete. The project plan and contract plans and speci- fications have been completed. Construction of Workman Mill Road bridge was completed in October 1952. Construction of Rosemead Boulevard bridge was completed in December 1952. Construction on the central embankment, Rosemead ramp and paving, and the San Gabriel River approach channel was completed by contract in March 1954; the first phase of the San Jose diversion channel and the flood-flow channel were completed in April 1954. Reservoir clearing by contract was completed in June 1954. Construction of the west embankment, outlet works, Rio Hondo approach channel, and the final phase of the San Jose diversion channel was initiated by continuing contract in April 1954 and is about 84 percent com- plete. Work remaining consists of completion of the west embank- ment, outlet works, Rio Hondo approach channel, final phase of the San Jose diversion channel, road and utility relocations, protection work for oil wells and an oil refinery, operator's quarters and opera- tional buildings, and installation of spillway gates and operating equipment. 1338 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 RIO HONDO BASIN Existing project. For the Rio Hondo Basin the plan provides for debris basins at the mouths of 7 tributary canyons, improvement of 14.07 miles of main channel and 36.35 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 65 bridges. In general, standard project floods are used as channel-design floods. Those units of improvement in the Rio Hondo Basin that are completed, under construction, or planned for early construction are described in following paragraphs. Pertinent information on authorizing acts for the existing project in the Rio Hondo Basin as well as in other stream basins is given under a subsequent heading, "Authorizing acts." Alhambra Wash: This unit includes channel improvements along: Alhambra Wash, as follows: 7.1 miles of rectangular reinforced- concrete channel ranging in width from 18 to 40 feet to close gaps and extend the channel from Huntington Drive to the Rio Hondo, and 12 bridges, 6 of which are highway, 2 railroad, 3 farm, and 1 foot-bridge. The project intercepts the runoff from 14.3 square miles of highly developed area in the cities of Alhambra, Pasadena, San Marino, and San Gabriel. Arcadia Wash: This unit is in Rio Hondo Basin about 6 miles upstream from Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir. The plan of improvement provides for construction of an open, rectangular concrete channel, ranging in width from 4 to 32 feet, as follows: Lima Street Branch from a debris basin in San Gabriel Mountains downstream a distance of 2.5 miles to the confluence with Main Branch; Baldwin Avenue Branch from a debris basin in San Gabriel Mountains downstream for a distance of 1.8 miles to the confluence with Main Branch; East Branch from Orange Grove Avenue down- stream a distance of 1.8 miles to the confluence with the main chan- nel; main channel from Baldwin Branch downstream a distance of 4.3 miles to the confluence with the Rio Hondo and 3 debris basins, Carter, Auburn, and Bailey. The 3 rolled earthfill debris basins are as follows: Carter debris basin, located at the head of Baldwin Ave- nue Branch of Arcadia Wash, with a design capacity of 19,000 cubic yards; Auburn debris basin, at the end of Auburn Avenue Branch on Arcadia Wash, with a design capacity of 35,000 cubic yards; Bailey debris basin, located at the head of Lima Street Branch of Arcadia Wash, with a design capacity of 1.24,000 cubic yards. Eaton Wash: The plan of improvement for this unit provides for a reinforced-concrete channel, ranging in width from 25 to 60 feet, from the outlet of Eaton Dam to a junction with the Rio Hondo (a distance of 7.6 miles). The plan of improvement provides for the reconstruction of two railroad bridges. Rio Hondo channel, Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (upper): The plan of improvement for this unit provides for a trapezoidal channel with concrete-paved side slopes ranging in width from 80 to 200 feet from Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (a distance of 5.4 miles). Rio Hondo channel, Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir to Los Angeles River (lower) : The plan of improvement for this unit provides for the construction of a trapezoidal channel with reinforced- concrete invert ranging in width from 90 to 180 feet and grouted- FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1339 stone and reinforced-concrete side slopes from Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir to Los Angeles River (a distance of 7.75 miles). Rubio Canyon diversion: The plan of improvement for this unit provides for a debris basin at the junction of Rubio and Las Flores Canyons and a rectangular concrete channel 16 feet wide to divert the flow from the debris basin to Eaton Wash (a distance of 1.2 miles). The debris basin, with a tributary drainage area of 1.82 square miles, has a debris-storage capacity of 182,000 cubic yards. Covered sec- tions are provided at street crossings over the concrete channel in lieu of bridges, and 0.75 mile of the channel is a closed box section. Santa Anita Wash: The plan of improvement for this unit pro- vides for a debris basin near the mouth of Santa Anita Canyon, a rectangular reinforced-concrete channel with widths ranging from 40 to 50 feet and depths of 9 to 17 feet along Santa Anita Wash from the debris basin to its confluence with the Rio Hondo, a distance of about 5.25 miles, and a covered rectangular reinforced-concrete chan- nel, 10 feet by 10 feet, along the downstream part of the existing Sierra Madre Wash channel, a distance of about 0.3 mile, between Orange Grove Avenue and Santa Anita Wash. The channels are designed to carry flows from the channel-design flood through a high- ly developed residential, commercial, and industrial area. Sawpit Wash: This unit is in the Rio Hondo Basin about 7 miles upstream from Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir. The plan of improvement provides for construction of an open, rectangular concrete channel, ranging in width from 25 to 30 feet, from the debris basin downstream to the confluence with the Rio Hondo, a dis- tance of 4.9 miles, and Sawpit Wash debris basin. The unit is lo- cated on Sawpit Wash above Monrovia, Calif. The plan of improve- ment provides for construction of a rolled earthfill debris basin with a design capacity of 600,000 cubic yards. Sierra Madre Villa channel: The plan of improvement for this unit provides for a debris basin with a storage capacity of 350,000 cu- bic yards on Eaton Wash and a rectangular concrete channel with covered sections at streets. The channel extends for 0.81 mile from the debris basin to Eaton Wash. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the follow- ing unit in the Rio Hondo Basin: Alhambra Wash. Local interests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, bear the expense of all highway and highway-bridge modifications, hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, and maintain and operate all the works af- ter completion for the following units or parts of units in the Rio Hondo Basin: Arcadia Wash system. Eaton Wash. Rio Hondo channel: Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (upper). Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir to Los Angeles River (lower). Rubio Canyon diversion. Santa Anita Wash. Sawpit Wash. Sierra Madre Villa channel. 1340 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Information on opera- tions and results for the fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Rio Hondo Basin that are constructed, uider construction, or planned for early construction. Alhambra Wash: Operations performed during the fiscal year were maintaining the channel in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds for maintenance were $2,411 for hired labor. One minor stoirm occurred on January 18, 1955, producing a peak discharge of 1,890 cubic feet per second, which is approximately 19 percent of channel capacity. Arcadia Wash system: Operations performed during the fiscal year on the project, which consists of 1 main flood channel 3 tributary channels, and 3 debris basins, Carter, Auburn, and Bailey, were the completion of the debris basins, and the completion of the project plan and the plans and specifications on part 1 (Rio Hondo to Huntington Place). The project plan and the plans and specifications for the rest of the unit were almost completed. The costs from regular funds for new work were $804,722 for work performed by contract and $140,726 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $945,448. Eaton Wash: Operations performed during the fiscal year con- sisted of completion of the project plan including the plan on Sierra Madre Villa channel. The plan and specifications on part 1 (Encinita Avenue to Rio Hondo) were completed. Construction by continuing contract of the channel improvement on part 1 was initiated March 1955. The costs from regular funds for new work were $106,472 for work performed by hired labor and $430,059 for work performed by contract. The total costs were $536,531. Rio Hondo channel, Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (upper) : Operations during the fiscal year consisted of preparation of the proj- ect plan, which is almost complete, and initiation of plans and specifi- cations on part 1 (Rosemead Boulevard to Valley Boulevard). The costs from regular funds for new work were $1,782 for work performed by contract and $95,473 for hired labor. The total costs were $97,255. Rio Hondo channel (lower), Whittier Narrows flood control reser- voir to Los Angeles River: Operations performed during the fiscal year were as follows: plans and specifications for part 4 (Washington Boulevard to Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir) were com- pleted. Construction by continuing contract of the channel improve- ment on part 3 (Washington Boulevard to Santa Ana Freeway) was continued, and construction of part 4 (Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir to Washington Boulevard) was initiated. The costs from regular funds for new work were $1,697,190 for work performed by contract and $21,375 for hired labor. The total costs were $1,718,565. Rubio Canyon diversion: Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of work on the project plan. The costs from regular funds for new work were $12,459 for work performed by hired labor. Santa Anita Wash: Operations performed during the fiscal year were preparation of the project plan. The costs from regular funds for new work were $445 for work performed by contract and $35,912 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $36,357. Sawpit Wash: Operations performed during the fiscal year on the FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1341 project, which consists of a flood channel and debris basin, were com- pletion of the debris basin and initiation of construction of the chan- nel. The costs from regular funds for new work were $510,620 for work performed by contract and $66,852 for work performed by hired labor. Total costs were $577,472. Sierra Madre Villa channel: See preceding paragraph on Eaton Wash. Condition at the end of fiscal year. Information on condition at the end of fiscal year is given in the following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Rio Hondo Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construction. Alhambra Wash: This unit was completed in 1939. Work re- maining consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights-of- way. Arcadia Wash system: Carter, Auburn, and Bailey debris basins have been completed. Plans and specifications on the rest of the unit are almost complete. Work remaining consists of completion of plans and specifications and construction. Eaton Wash: The project plan (including the project plan for Sierra Madre Villa channel) has been completed. Work remaining consists of completion of the contract plans and specifications and construction. Rio Hondo channel, Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (upper): The project plan is almost complete. Plans and specifications have been started. Work remaining to be done consists of completing plans and specifications and of constructing the unit. Rio Hondo channel, Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir to Los Angeles River: Construction by contract of the reach from Union Pacific Railroad to Southern Pacific Railway was completed in De- cember 1951. Construction by contract of the reach from Southern Pacific Railway to Santa Ana Freeway was completed in January 1954. Construction by continuing contract was completed in fiscal year 1955 on the reach from Washington Boulevard to Santa Ana Freeway. Work remaining consists of completion of construction of the reach from Washington Boulevard to Whittier Narrows Reser- voir. Rubio Canyon diversion: The project plan is 45 percent completed. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan, plans and specifications, and construction. Santa Anita Wash: The project plan is nearing completion. Work remaining to be done consists of completion of the project plan, the plans and specifications, and the construction. Sawpit Wash: The debris basin has been completed. Work re- maining to be done consists of completion of construction of the channel. Sierra Madre Villa channel: See preceding paragraph on Eaton Wash. BALLONA CREEK BASIN Eeisting project. For Ballona Creek Basin, the plan provides for debris basins at the mouths of 2 canyons, 2 jetties at the mouth of Ballona Creek, improvement of 2.39 miles of main channel and 23.67 1342 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 12 bridges. In general, standard project floods are used as channel-design floods. Those units of improvement in the Ballona Creek Basin that are com- pleted, under construction, or planned for early construction are described in following paragraphs. Pertinent information on author- izing acts for the existing project in the Ballona Creek Basin as well as in other stream basins is given under a subsequent heading, "Authorizing acts." Ballona Creek channel and jetties: This unit includes channel im- provements along Ballona Creek, consisting of parts of the following: 1.76 miles of rectangular reinforced-concrete channel between Re- dondo and Washington Boulevards, 1.66 miles of rectangular concrete conduit with trapezoidal high-water section between Washington and La Salle Streets, 5.53 miles of trapezoidal stone-paved section between La Salle Street and the ocean; 2 heavy stone jetties extending into the ocean for approximately 800 feet to insure a free channel at the out- let; 14 highway bridges, 3 railroad bridges, and the substructure for a future highway bridge; a temporary highway bridge and a tempo- rary railroad bridge; and large regulating gates at the mouth of Playa del Rey Lagoon, to allow free tidal action within the lagoon. The unit provides drainage for 130 square miles of area in West Los Angeles, and when side-drainage channels are provided, will control floods in West Los Angeles, Venice, Culver City, and Beverly Hills. Centinela Creek: The plan of improvement provides for the con- :struction of a rectangular reinforced-concrete channel approximately 44 feet in width from the Pacific Electric Railway bridge downstream to the confluence at Ballona Creek, a distance of 2.3 miles. Sawtelle-Westwood system: This unit is on the southern slopes of the Santa Monica Mountains, about 4 miles northeast of the city of Santa Monica, and extends from a debris basin north of Sunset Boule- vard to a confluence with Ballona Creek, 3.46 miles from the Pacific Ocean. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of rectangu- lar reinforced-concrete channels as follows: East Branch from Pico Boulevard southward 1.06 miles to a confluence with Westwood Branch; from a debris basin in the Santa Monica Mountains down- stream a distance of 5.7 miles to the confluence with Sawtelle Branch; Sawtelle Branch from Pearl Street a distance of 1.6 miles to a conflu- ence with Westwood Branch; and the Sawtelle-Westwood channel from that confluence to Ballona Creek, a distance of 2.2 miles. The plan includes construction of 4 highway bridges and 2 covered sections in Westwood Branch. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the follow- ing unit in the Ballona Creek Basin: Ballona Creek channel and jetties. Local interests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, bear the expense of all highway and highway-bridge FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1343 modifications, hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, and maintain and operate all the works after completion for the following units or parts of units in the Ballona Creek Basin: Benedict Canyon. Centinela Creek. Higgins and Coldwater Canyons. Sawtelle-Westwood system. Operations and results during fiscal year. Information on opera- tions and results for the fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Ballona Creek Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construction. Ballona Creek channel and jetties: Operations consisted of main- taining the channel and jetties in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds for maintenance were $4,771 for work per- formed by hired labor. The cost for new work was $322,055 for work performed by contract and $144,854 for work performed by hired labor. The total cost was -$462,138. One minor storm occurred on January 18, 1955, producing a peak discharge of 9,400 c. f. s., which is approximately 25 percent of chan- nel capacity. Centinela Creek: Operations consisted of continuing preparation of the project plan. The costs from regular funds were $44,896 for new work performed by hired labor. Sawtelle-Westwood system: Operations consisted of continuing preparation of the project plan, and contract plans and specifications on part 4 (Charnock Road to National Boulevard). The costs from regular funds for new work were $45,947 for work performed by hired labor. Condition at the end of fiscal year. Information on condition at the end of fiscal year is given in the following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Ballona Creek Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construction. Ballona Creek channel and jetties: The channel was completed in 1939 and the jetties at the outlet, in 1940. Work remaining consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights-of-way. Centinela Creek: The project plan is nearing completion. Work remaining to be done consists of completion of the project plan, plans and specifications, and construction. Sawtelle-Westwood system: This unit is about 22 percent com- pleted. Construction by contract of the reach from Ballona Creek to Braddock Drive was completed in November 1949. Construction by contract of the reach from Braddock Drive to Washington Place was completed in January 1951. Construction by contract of the reach from Washington Place to Charnock Road was completed in February 1951. Work remaining consists of completion of the proj- ect plan, contract plans and specifications, and construction of the remainder of the project upstream from Charnock Road. 363037-55-vol. 2-----85 1344 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIVIY, 1955 AUTHORIZING ACTS The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 22, 1936 Reservoirs and flood channels for flood control and re- None. lated purposes, at an estimated construction cost not to exceed $70,000,000. May 15,1937 Added flood channels on Ballona Creek and tribu- Do. taries to the project. June 28,1938 Provision of lands, easements, and rights-of-way and Do. relocations by Federal Government instead of by local interests. (Resultant additional cost to the United States $12,541,000.) Aug. 18,1941 Project extended to include additional flood control H. Doc. 838, 76th Cong., 3d sess. reservoirs, flood control channels, and debris basins for flood control and related purposes and author- ized to be appropriated, in addition to previous authorizations, the sum of $25,000,000 for the further accomplishment of the plan. Dec. 22,1944 Authorized to be appropriated, in addition to pre- None. vious authorizations, the sum of $25,000,000 for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the Flood Control Act of Aug. 18, 1941. July 24,1946 Authorized to be appropriated, in addition to previous Do. authorizations, the sum of $25,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan. May 17,1950 Rio Hondo channel improvement, Whittier Narrows Do. Reservoir to Los Angeles River (in lieu of enlarging channel and bridges on San Gabriel River down- stream from the reservoir). Also authorized to be appropriated, in addition to previous authorizations, the sum of $40,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan. Sept. 3,1954 Authorized to be appropriated, in addition to previous Do. authorizations, the sum of $12,500,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan. PROJECT COSTS The total costs to June 30, 1955, for new work and maintenance for the existing project are: Local reim- Units Regular funds Emergency Total United Localbursement Total all funds relief funds States funds fundsnt Total all funds funds 1 $70,000,000 project Alhambra Wash ...................................... $506, 615. 04 $580, 437. 19 $1, 087, 052. 23 $4, 684. 14 $1,091,736. 37 r Ballona Creek channel and Jetties __-_ __-_ ____ ----- _ _ _ . __.. . . . . . 768, 564. 77 509,118. 38 1, 277, 683. 15 72, 201.49 1, 349, 884. 64 Compton Creek, Alameda St., to Hooper Ave. storm drain ___ 1, 597, 854. 03 745, 848. 82 2, 343, 702. 85 25, 408. 90 2, 369, 111. 75 0 Haines Canyon. _._ ._ ........................ 290, 330. 43 233, 953. 57 ------- 524, 284. 00 -- 524, 284. 00 0 Hansen flood control reservoir ....................... Los Angeles River channel: 11, 330, 199. 36 ......--..-.....- ------- 11, 330, 199. 36 -- 11, 330, 199. 36 O Lankershim Blvd. to Stewart and Gray Rd_....._._ _ 33, 147, 422. 92 7, 638, 038. 67 40, 785. 461. 59 --1, 302. 04 40, 784, 159. 55 Long Beach Blvd_ 13, 678. 41 20, 565. 98 34, 244. 39 -- 34, 244. 39 0 San Gabriel River channel: San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control reservoir_....____ 1, 900, 514. 02 44, 686. 32 1, 945, 200. 34 -....-...-....-- 1, 945, 200. 34 Santa Fe flood control reservoir to Walnut Creek (that portion constructed within the $70,000,000 authorization) .------------------ 32, 263. 51 32, 263. 51 ------.......... 32, 263. 51 Santa Fe flood control reservoir . . .__ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __... 12, 637, 795. 61 12, 637, 795. 61 12, 637, 795. 61 Sepulveda flood control reservoir_...____ ________............. 6, 650, 560.80 6, 650, 560. 80 6, 650, 560. --------------- 80 Sycamore W ash -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8, 835. 10 14, 43 710. 23, 545. 53 - - - - -23, 545. - - - 53 Verdugo Wash, Concord St. to upper Canada bridge_ ____ 367, 804. 52 362, 557. 41 730, 361.93 885, 482. 82 P lan t--- - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... 217, 754. 88 217, 754. 88 155, 120. 89 0 ---------------- 217, 754. 88 Surveys and engineering-........... 363, 473. 64 24, 000.00 387, 473. 64 --------------- 387, 473. 64 Distribution of insurance and surplus plant accounts.__ ................... _.. ... -781, 899. 75 617, 263. 11 -164, 636. 64 ----.----------- -164, 636. 64 Subtotal-New work_- --- 68, 834, 012. 41 11, 008, 934. 76 79, 842, 947. 17 256, 113. 38 80, 099, 060. 55 Subtotal-Maintenance..._ .............. 1, 881, 974.19 1,881, 974.19 - 1,881, 974.19 Subtotal- All work_-- ..... .. .. .. . . . ---------- .------70, 715, 986. 60 11, 008, 934. 76 81, 724, 921. 36 256, 113. 38 81, 981, 034. 74 0 Projects outside $70,000,000 project Arcadia Wash ..... 1, 009, 011. 97 1, 009, 011. 97 66, 610. 25 1, 075, 622. 22 Burbank-Western system (upper) ........................................ 125, 937. 74 --- ---- ------ 125, 937. 74 125,937. 74 t-4 Burbank-Western system (lower)_ __ 1, 295, 926. 43 1, 295, 926. 43 1, 295, 926. 43 Centinela Creek........................... 54, 003. 09 ----------- --- 54, 003.09 54, 003. 09 Compton Creek, Hooper Ave. storm drain to Main St__. 1, 202, 964. 64 1, 202, 964. 64 362, 937. 46 1, 565, 902. 10 Eaton Wash_ - 599, 393. 26 --------------- 599, 393. 26 91, 276. 25 690, 669. 51 C Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash.................................... 395, 060. 74 -------- --- - 395, 060. 74 50, 209. 86 445, 270. 60 Lopez flood control reservoir_............... _._......._.... 626, 034. 19 626, 034. 19 626, 034. 19 0 Los Angeles River channel: Owensmouth Ave. to Lankershim Blvd______ 12, 152, 312. 10 ------ ----- -- = 12, 152, 312. 10 1, 719, 207. 34 13, 871, 519.44 Stewart and Gray Rd. to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Ry. bridge_._- 5, 860, 762. 73 - - - - - - - - - - - 5, 860. 762. 73 327, 370. 43 6, 188, 133. 16 C) Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Ry. to Pacific Ocean_ .............. 5, 290, 618. 24 - - - - - - - - - 5, 290, 618. 24 27,395. 81 5, 318, 014. 05 y Pacoima Wash channel- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3, 178,109. 56 - - - - - - - - - 3, 178, 109. 56 903, 238. 41 4, 081, 347. 97 Rio Hondo channel: Peck Rd. to Rosemead Blvd. (upper) _........... . .__ _ ...... 144, 442. 63 144, 442. 63 144, 442. 63 Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir to Los Angeles River (lower) Rubio Canyon diversion ............................... ---..--.-.-.-.-.--- 5, 987, 273. 59 ------------.-.- 17,459.41 .---.----...-... 5, 987, 273. 59 17, 459. 41 883, 017. 02 -------..........------ 6, 870, 290. 61 17,459. 41 I-1 Co See footnotes at end of table. CA 1& Emergency Total United Local reim- W5 Units Regular funds Emergency relief funds StatesUnted Total funds bursement funds 1 Total all funds Projects outside $70,000,000 project w San Gabriel River channel: Santa Fe flood control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir...------------- $15, 774. 96 ---------------- $15, 774. 96 $---------------- $15, 774. 96 Q SantaSananit W Anita Sawpit Wash ash.... . . .. .. . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Wsh----------------------------------------------------------3,8.0------------------36, ----------------------------------------------------------------- 36, 380. 05 .. . . . 380.05------------------ 622, 262. 17 . 36, 380. 05 _ ---------------- 622, 262. 17 136, 425. 39 36, 380.05 36, 380. 05 758, 687. 56 Sawtelle-Westwood system ...... ----------------------------------------------------- . 2, 222, 220. 68 -2, 222, 220. 68 102, 432. 04 2, 324, 652. 72 O Tujunga Wash channel -------------------------------------------------------- 7,359, 356. 15 ---------------- 7,359, 356. 15 2, 286, 305. 13 9, 645, 661. 28 Walnut Creek system - ----------------------------------------------------------- 17, 821. 59-----------17,821.59 17, 821. 59 H Whittier Narrows flood control reservoir_... 2, 558, 27, 126. 93 --- _------------ 27, 558, 126. 93 5------------------------------------------ 9, 498. 00 27, 567, 524. 93 Subtotal-New work ...................................---------------------------------------------------- 75, 771, 252. 85 --------------- 75, 771, 252. 85 6, 965, 923. 39 82, 737, 176. 24 Grand total-New work .................................------------------------------------------------ 2146, 487, 239. 45 11, 008, 934. 76 2157, 496, 174. 21 7, 222,036. 77 2 164, 718, 210.98 1 To save money, some bridges and other structures to be built at local expense are 2 Includes $1,881,974.19 for maintenance. built under the same contract that covers structures to be built at Federal expense. Before the construction contracts are signed, local interests pay the Federal Govern- 0 ment for the cost of constructing these items of local responsibility. z 0 C! ?J) 0j ci CA FLOOD CONTROL---LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1347 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 19511 2a New work: Appropriated----.........$13, 065, 000 $10, 585, 000 $11, 448, 000 $11, 400, 000 $13, 200, 000 $160, 993, 429 Cost---- 13, 038, 019 13, 750, 338 .----------- 8, 263, 311 11, 674, 574 14, 092, 889 155, 614, 201 Maintenance: Appropriated---------....... 107, 725 154, 950 121, 548 129, 000 120, 380 1,896, 131 Cost- ------------- - 97, 959 138,119 130, 056 127, 516 125, 804 1, 881, 974 1Includes $11,008,935 Emergency Relief funds for new work and $1,881,974 regular funds for maintenance. 2Does not include $7,222,037 local reimbursement funds for new work. To save money, some bridges and other structures to be built at local expense are built under the same contract that covers structures to be built at Federal expense. Before the construction contracts are signed, local interests pay the Federal Government for the cost of constructing these items of local responsibility. 3 Does not include $16,726,888 Emergency Relief funds (including a 1955 adjustment of $23,409) and $4,238,- 000 contributed funds for previous project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------------------------------------------- $2, 220, 839 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-------....... $1, 545, 325 $241, 585 $1, 644, 212 $835, 170 $1, 833, 418 $9, 125, 078 Cost---------------1,007, 662 1, 520,846 138, 543 1, 406, 576 1,278, 215 7, 222, 037 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ -$533, 949 Note.-To save money, some bridges and other structures to be built at local expense are built under the same contract that covers structures to be built at Federal expense. Before the construction contracts are signed, local interests pay the Federal Government for the cost of constructing these items of local responsi- bility. 13. SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE. COUNTY), CALIF. Location. These works are on the Santa Ana River and tributaries and other streams in Orange, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for improve- ments as follows: (1) for the protection of the metropolitan area of Orange County; and (2) for flood control in the Santa Ana River Basin on San Antonio, Chino, Lytle and Cajon Creeks. 1348 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMIVIY, 1955 The individual parts considered in the general plan for this project and their estimated Federal costs (1955) are as follows: Estimated cost Project Relocations, Construction lands, ments, ease- and Total rights-of-way Lytle and Cajon Creeks channel improvements 2........ $6, 834, 358 $779, 000 $7, 613,358 San Antonio Dam 1_- .__.---- --.--- 5, 009, 100 2, 315, 900 7, 325, 000 San Antonio and Chino Creeks channel 1----................ 8, 849, 800 3, 150, 200 12, 000, 000 Prado Dam 1 2____.......__________......----------- 6, 051,944 3, 511, 456 9, 563, 400 Carbon Canyon Dam and channel 1__ _______------ _ -. 4, 082, 000 1, 648, 000 5, 730, 000 Fullerton Dam 1 2_..- . __ ..--........ .......------- - 373, 146 37, 954 411, 100 Brea Dam 1 2_______________________________________ ........... 968, 800 221, 200 1, 190, 000 Villa Park Dam__--..... .....-- -------------- . 2,165, 700 104, 300 2,270, 000 Aliso Creek Dam-------- 324, 400 ------....................................... 15, 600 340, 000 Trabuco Dam....---------- -------------------------- 2,158, 700 31,300 2,190, 000 San Juan Dam--.....---.---------------------. . 5, 751, 800 208, 200 5, 960, 000 1 For details of this project, see individual report. 2 Completed. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Act Work authorized Documents June 22,1936 Reservoirs and flood channels for flood control and None. related purposes for the protection of the metro- politan area of Orange County, at an estimated construction cost not to exceed $13,000,000. June 28,1938 San Antonio and Chino Creeks channel portion of H. Doc. 688, 75th Cong., 3d sess. improvement. Authorized to be appropriated $6,500,000 for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plans for those creeks. Rescinded provisions of Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, providing that local interests pay for relocations, lands, easements, and rights-of-way. (Estimated resultant addi- tional cost to the United States, $3,500,000.) Aug. 18,1941 Authorized to be appropriated, in addition to pre- None. vious authorizations, the amount of $2,500,000 for the prosecution of the projects approved in the above-mentioned flood control acts. Dec. 22,1944 Authorized to be appropriated, in addition to pre- H. Doc. 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess. vious authorizations, the amount of $10,000,000 for the prosecution of the projects adopted in the above-mentioned flood control acts, including the projects on Lytle and Cajon Creeks for local flood protection at San Bernardino and Colton, Calif. Local cooperation. See individual reports for requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. All work during the fiscal year is applicable to and described under the individual project items. Condition at end of fiscal year. The progress of projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. The costs for new work to June 30, 1955, for those parts of the existing project for which costs have not yet been transferred to individual units of the project, were $85,310. FLOOD CONTROI-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1349 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---........------.----------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $85,310 Cost----------- ------ -------- -------------------------------------------- 85,310 14. SAN ANTONIO DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. San Antonio Dam is on San Antonio Creek, in San Bernardino and Los Angeles Counties, Calif., approximately 7.5 miles north of Pomona, Calif. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in Orange County. The plan provides for an earthfill dam with a crest elevation of 2,260 feet, height above streambed 160 feet, and length of crest 3,850 feet, with a reservoir capacity of 9,110 acre-feet at spillway crest, at the mouth of San Antonio Canyon. The latest (1955) approved estimated cost is $5,009,100 for construction and $2,315,900 for lands and damages and relocations, a total of $7,325,000 for new work. The latest (1955) approved estimated cost for maintenance is $19,600. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See H. Doc. 688, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of continuation of construction of dam embankment, spillway, and outlet works; installation of outlet gates; continuation of utility relocations; and completion of highway relocations. The costs from regular funds for new work were $2,242,946 for work performed by contract and $54,105 for hired labor. The total costs were $2,297,051. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is about 80 percent completed. Work remaining consists of completion of utility reloca- tions and completion of construction of outlet works, dam embank- ment, and spillway. The costs for this unit of the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds....-------------------------- $5, 759, 649 ..---.-.-...--. $5, 759, 649 Total, United States funds__------------- - 5, 759, 649 --------------.- 5, 759, 649 Contributed funds.----. . .----- ---.--.. .... .... . 8, 500 1- ---------------- 8, 500 Working funds------------------------------- 5, 000 ------------ 5, 000 Total, all funds.---.--.--. .-------------...... 5, 773,149 I_. ... ___.__. __ 5, 773,149 1350 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated--------...... $525, 000 $1,000, 000 $995, 000 $1, 700, 000 $2, 300, 000 $6, 800, 000 Cost----------------- 63, 702 550, 509 776, 583 1,858, 304 2, 297, 051 5, 764, 649 1 Does not include $8,500 for new work performed with contributed funds; includes $5,000 working funds. This work is in addition to existing project. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- $530, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------------------------------------------- 530, 000 15. SAN ANTONIO AND CHINO CREEKS CHANNEL, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. The site of the San Antonio and Chino Creeks channel improvement is in San Bernardino and Los Angeles Counties, Calif., about 30 miles east of the city of Los Angeles. The channel, with its source in the San Gabriel Mountains, would extend from San Antonio Dam about 16 miles to the existing Prado reservoir on the Santa Ana River. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in Orange County. The plan of improvement provides for a concrete-lined, rec- tangular section about 10.5 miles in length and ranging in width from 20 to 30 feet along San Antonio Creek, and a trapezoidal section about 5.2 miles in length and ranging in width from 60 to 336 feet, 29 high- way bridges, 4 railroad bridges, and 1 combination highway and rail- road bridge. The latest (1955) approved estimated cost of construc- tion is $8,849,800 and $3,150,200 for lands and damages and reloca- tions, a total of $12,000,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The improvement was author- ized by Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See H. Doe. 688, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of completion of the project plan and initiation of plans and specifica- tions. The costs from regular funds for new work were $35,799 by contract and $20,410 by hired labor, a total of $56,209. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project plan is completed. Work remaining consists of completing contract plans and specifica- tions and construction. The costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1955, were $197,393. FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1351 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--.---------.------.-...... $65, 000 $85, 000 $80, 000 $230, 000 .....- _-__--_ ____ Cost--------------- 000 65, 184 76, 56, 209 197, 393 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_-_--_- $2, 974 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 700, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------- ----------------------- 702, 974 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------------------- 11, 070, 000 16. PRADO DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. Prado Dam is in Riverside County, on the Santa Ana River, approximately 30 miles above the mouth. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvement under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan area in Orange County. The plan of improvement provides for a rolled earthfill dam, 2,280 feet long, maximum height 106 feet above streambed, with a total basin capacity of 223,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the basin regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 2,264 square miles, reducing the flow of the design flood from 193,000 to 9,200 cubic feet per second. The latest (1955) approved estimated cost is $9,- 597,377. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $29,000. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of maintaining the dam in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $22,630 for maintenance, performed by hired labor. One minor storm, on January 18, 1955, produced a peak inflow of 3,500 cubic feet per second and a regulated peak outflow of 840 cubic feet per second. The maximum water in storage was 735 acre-feet; or less than 1 percent of gross storage capacity at spillway crest. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was completed in 1941. Work remaining consists of preparation of recreational planning re- port. The costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds...........-------------------------------- $9, 473, 273 $443, 472 $9, 916, 745 Total, United States funds----------------------- 9, 473, 273 443, 472 9, 916, 745 Contributed funds__ --------------------------------- 124, 105 -------.---.---- 124, 105 Total, all funds............------------------------------- 9, 597, 378 443, 472 10, 040, 850 1352 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated------------------ -$137,612 --------------------------------- $9,473,273 Cost---------------- - $12,223 1,530 $1, 348 $25 ----------- 9,473,273 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ 33, 255 23, 600 28, 400 25, 000 $24, 210 445, 465 Cost--------------- -- 31,392 23, 526 30, 337 24, 587 22, 630 443,472 1Does not include $124,105 for new work performed with contributed funds. 17. FULLERTON DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. Fullerton Dam is in Orange County, 2 miles northeast of the city of Fullerton, on East Fullerton Creek, approximately 4 miles above its junction with Brea Creek. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan area in Orange County. The plan of improvement provides for a rolled earthfill dam 575 feet long, maximum height 47 feet above streambed, with reservoir capacity of 775 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the reser- voir regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 5.05 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 4,600 to 240 cubic feet per second. The latest (1955) approved estimated cost is $373,146 for construction and $37,954 for acquisition of lands and relocation of highways. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,900. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of maintaining the dam in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $11,205 for maintenance performed by hired labor. One minor storm occurred during the year on January 18, 1955, pro- ducing a peak inflow of 55 cubic feet per second. Reservoir peak storage was 19 acre-feet, or 3 percent of gross storage at spillway crest. The resulting peak outflow was regulated to 75 cubic feet per second to provide adequate flow for testing downstream stream-gaging equip- ment. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was completed in 1941. Work remaining consists of preparation of the recreational planning report. The costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1955, were $411,076 for new work and $155,455 for maintenance, a total of $566,531. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1353 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: ..........---------- Appropriated ................---------....----------.... -$1, 380 .........-----------............------------... $411, 076 Cost ---------------------------------.--------------- -------------------- 411,076 Maintenance: Appropriated-----.... $8, 755 $10,300 11,416 $7, 750 $12,000 157, 221 Cost ----------------- 6,819 9, 784 11,910 8, 752 11,205 155,455 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------- - $99 18. BREA DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. Brea Dam is in Orange County, 1.5 miles north of Ful- lerton, on Brea Creek, approximately 8 miles above its junction with Coyote Creek. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan area in Orange County. The plan of improvement provides for a rolled earthfill dam approximately 1,765 feet long, maximum height 87 feet above stream- bed, with reservoir capacity of 4,100 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the reservoir regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 23.4 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 8,300 to 1,330 cubic feet per second. The latest (1955) approved estimated cost is $968,800 for construction and $221,200 for acquisition of lands. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,600. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of maintaining the dam in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $12,075 for maintenance performed by hired labor. One minor storm occurred during the year on January 18, 1955, producing a peak inflow and outflow of 40 cubic feet per second, reservoir storage was negligible. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was completed in 1942. Work remaining consists of preparation of the recreational planning report. The costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1955, were $1,189,068 for new work and $214,950 for maintenance, a total of $1,404,018. 1354 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated------.. ------------ ------------ -$844 .----------------------- $1, 189,068 Cost $96 ------- ...........----------------- ------- - -------- - 1,189, 068 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- 11, 265 $19, 250 13, 336 $14, 250 $14, 930 218,031 Cost------------------ 11, 265 17,015 14, 446 15,149 12, 075 214, 950 19. CARBON CANYON DAM AND CHANNEL, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. The site of Carbon Canyon Dam and channel is in Orange County, on Carbon Creek near the mouth of Carbon Creek Canyon, and about 4 miles east of Brea, California. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in Orange County. The tentative plan of improvement provides for a rolled earthfill dam, 1,600 feet long, maximum height 90 feet above streambed, with reservoir capacity of 7,000 acre-feet. The operation of the reservoir will regulate the runoff from a tributary area of 20 square miles. The plan includes construction below the dam of a reinforced-con- crete channel approximately 3,500 feet long with a capacity of about 4,000 cubic feet per second. The current (1955) approved estimated cost of the dam and channel is $4,082,000 for construction and $1,648,- 000 for relocations, lands, easements, and rights-of-way, a total of $5,730,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. No operations were performed during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project plan is partially com- pleted. Work remaining consists of completion of the project plan, preparation of contract plans and specifications, and construction of the project. The costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1955, were $156,128 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------... $25,000 -$8, 387------------------------------------......... $156,128 Cost ................----------------- 15,584 1,029 ------------------------ 156,128 20. SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvements in the existing project is on the Santa Ana River and tributaries and other streams in River- side and San Bernardino Counties. FLOOD CONTROIL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1355 Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the plan of improvement for flood control in Santa Ana River Basin, substantially in accordance with the recommendations contained in the report of the Chief of Engineers, dated September 27, 1948. (See H. Doc. 135, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) The individual units considered in the general plan for this project and their estimated Federal costs (1955) are as follows: Estimated cost Project Relocations, Construction ments, ease- lands, and Total rights-of-way Mill Creek levees----..................................------------------------------ $1, 550, 000 $1, 550, 000 .--------------- Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creek improvements 15, 200, 000 --------------- 15, 200, 000 and Lytle Creek levee. Riverside levees--................-------------------...................... 2, 980, 000 ---------------- 2, 980, 000 San Jacinto River and Bautista Creek levees....--------.....---. 5, 200, 000 200, 000 5,,--------------- Total.. -------------------------------------- 24, 930, 000 --------------- 24, 930, 000 Local cooperation. See individual reports for requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. No operations were per- formed during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work accomplished to date. 21. DEVIL, EAST TWIN, AND WARM CREEKS IMPROVEMENTS AND LYTLE CREEK LEVEE, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The site of the Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creeks im- provements and the Lytle Creek levee is in San Barnardino County, Calif. The Devil Creek diversion and the Lytle Creek levee are north and northwest of San Bernardino; the Waterman and East Twin Creeks levee revetments are northeast of San Bernardino; and the East Twin and Warm Creeks concrete channel is along the outskirts and just east of San Bernardino. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for flood control in the Santa Ana River Basin. The plan of improvement provides for an intersecting levee, 1.19 miles long, across Devil Creek (below the mouth of Devil Creek Canyon and just north of San Bernardino) and a concrete diversion channel, 1.90 miles long, extending from the levee to Cajon Creek; a levee, 1.16 miles long, on the right side of Lytle Creek opposite the mouth of Cajon Creek; revetment of 3.59 miles of levees, constructed or to be constructed by local interests along Waterman and East Twin Creeks; and construction of one continuous concrete channel, total length 4.15 miles, along (lower) East Twin Creek and (lower) Warm Creek. The latest (1955) approved estimated Federal cost is $15,200,000. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved May 17,1950. (See House Doc. 135, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to pay $200,000 of the construction cost of (zone 5) Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creeks improvements, to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the im- 1356 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 provements, and to bear the cost of all highway and highway-bridge construction and alteration, and utility relocation; to adjust all claims concerning water rights and to hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages due to the construction works; to prevent any future encroachments on the project channels; to perform any work made necessary by the effect of flood control on stream regimen; and to maintain and operate the improvement works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have not been formally notified of requirements. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at the end of fiscal year. No work has been don'e as funds have not been appropriated. 22. RIVERSIDE LEVEES, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The site of the Riverside levees is in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, on the Santa Ana River, immediately west of Riverside, Calif. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for flood control in the Santa Ana River Basin. The plan of improvement provides for construction of two stone-faced levees, total length 4.59 miles, along Santa Ana River near Riverside, Calif., one on the left (east) side of the river for protection of the northwest part of Riverside, Calif., and the other on the right (west) side for the protection of most of Rubidoux, Calif. The latest (1955) approved estimated Federal cost is $2,980,000. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 135, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way neces- sary for construction of the improvements and to bear the cost of all highway and highway-bridge construction and alteration, and utility relocation; to adjust all claims concerning water rights and to hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages due to the construction works; to prevent any future encroachments on the project channels; to perform any work made necessary by the effect of flood control on stream regimen; and to maintain and operate the improvement works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have not been notified of requirements. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done as funds have not been appropriated. 23. SAN DIEGO RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is on the San Diego River at San Diego, Calif. Existing project. The plan of improvement, which was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (see H. Doc. 635, 77th Cong., 2d sess.), was modified by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (see H. Doc. 760, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). Prior to modification, the plan of improvement provided for the FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1357 construction of a suitable levee system as a replacement of the existing Government dike across the old channel of the river, at the city of San Diego. The levee system, which would incorporate the existing dike to the extent found practicable at the time of construction, would comprise a main levee extending eastward for about 6,700 feet from Presidio Hill in Old Town, and a cutoff levee extending about 900 feet southward from a point near the west end of the main levee. The latest (1949) approved estimated cost is $350,000 for construction and $20,000 for lands and damages. For a description of the project as modified, see navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." Local cooperation. Local cooperation shown in navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif.," applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. See navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." Condition at end of fiscal year. See navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." 24. PAINTED ROCK RESERVOIR, GILA RIVER BASIN, ARIZ. Location. The site of Painted Rock Reservoir is on the Gila River, mile 126, about 20 miles below Gila Bend, Ariz., in the Gila River Basin, which is a part of the Colorado River Basin. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control. The dam would be a rolled earthfill struc- ture with a maximum height of 174 feet above streambed, a crest length of 4,390 feet, and a detached broad-crested spillway with a crest length of 1,050 feet. The reservoir at spillway crest would have a gross capacity of 2,480,000 acre-feet including 200,000 acre-feet for sediment. The operation of the reservoir would reduce the standard project flood of 320,000 c. f. s. to a maximum outflow of 22,500 c. f. s. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost is $25,033,000 for con- struction, $5,767,000 for relocations, lands, easements, and rights-of- way (a total of $30,800,000) ; $40,000 annually for maintenance and operation. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 331, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adjust all water- rights claims that might result from the improvement and to keep the flood channel of Gila River downstream from the Painted Rock site free from encroachment. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations for the fiscal year consisted of preparation of project plans and of plans and speci- fications. The costs from regular funds for new work were $123,109 by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction undertaken. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan, contract plans and specifications, and construction. The costs of the project to June 30, 1955, were $335,583. 1358 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated _...... .. .__ - ........._ $164, 000 $65, 000 1 $130, 000 1 $359, 000 Cost....------. --.-... ---......... -- - 148, 621 63, 853 123, 109 335, 583 1 Includes $30,000 allotted on a loan basis during fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------_ $16, 320 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 600, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------------------------------- 616, 320 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 34, 071, 000 25. MATHEWS CANYON RESERVOIR, COLORADO RIVER BASIN, NEV. Location. The site of Mathews Canyon Reservoir is about 20 miles eastward from Caliente, Nev., in Mathews Canyon, a tributary of Clover Creek, and about 2 miles above the mouth of Mathews Canyon. Mathews Canyon is in the Virgin River Basin, a part of the Colorado River Basin. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control. The dam would be an earthfill structure with a maximum height of 68 feet above streambed, and a crest length of 717 feet. A 60-foot spillway, crest elevation 5,461, would be con- structed in a saddle to the left of the left abutment. The reservoir would have a total capacity at spillway crest of 6,260 acre-feet, includ- ing 1,000 acre-feet for sediment. The operation of the reservoir would regulate the runoff from a tributary area of 34 square miles, reducing the standard project flood from 8,500 cubic feet per second to 221 cubic feet per second. The latest (1955) approved estimated cost is $772,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $9,500. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 530, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adjust all water- rights claims resulting from operation of the improvements and to keep the flood channels below the flood control reservoir free from manmade encroachments. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations for the fiscal year consisted of initiating preparation of the project plan. The costs from regular funds were $54,429 for work performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction undertaken. Work remaining consists of completion of the project plan, contract plans and specifications, and construction. The costs of the project to June 30, 1955, were $54,429. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1359 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ......... ....... . .... . $57,000 $57,000 Cost_----------------- - --------------------- --------------...... 429 ---. 54, 429 54, Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ -- - - $869 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________ -------------------------------------------- 869 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-------------------------------715, 000 26. PINE CANYON RESERVOIR, COLORADO RIVER BASIN, NEV. Location. The site of Pine Canyon Reservoir is about 17 miles east- ward from Caliente, Nev., in Pine Canyon, a tributary to Clover Creek, and about 3 miles above the mouth of Pine Canyon. Pine Can- yon is in the Virgin River Basin, a part of the Colorado River Basin. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control. The dam would be an earthfill struc- ture with a maximum height of 97 feet above streambed, and a crest length of 2,003 feet. A 90-foot spillway, crest elevation 5,675, would be constructed along the left wall of the canyon. The reservoir would have a total capacity at spillway crest of 7,840 acre-feet, including 1,400 acre-feet reserved for sediment. The operation of the reservoir would regulate the runoff from a tributary area of 45 square miles, reducing the standard project flood from 10,500 cubic feet per second to 318 cubic feet per second. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost is $1,570,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $9,500. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 530, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adjust all water- rights claims resulting from operation of the improvements and to keep the flood channels below the flood control reservoir free from manmade encroachments. Operations and results during fiscal year. No operations were performed. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work accomplished to date. 363037-55-vol. 2- 86 1360 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 27. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance Alamo Reservoir, Bill Williams River, Colorado River Basin, Ariz___ Aliso Creek Dam, Santa Ana River Basin (and 1950 $213, 212 ------.....- $8, 546, 800 Orange County), Calif . -------------- ------------ ------------ -------------- 2 340, 000 Holbrook levee, Little Colorado River, Colorado River Basin, Ariz.......--------------------------1950 Lytle and Cajon Creeks, Santa Ana River Basin 335, 000 ------------ -- (s) (and Orange County), Calif _--. 1950 47, 613, 593 -------------.. (3) Mill Creek levees, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif 1951 ...----__---------____--........... 1, 550, 000 San Jacinto River and Bautista Creek levees, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif ------- __ 1951 -------- ______. ___.........._. 5, 200, 000 San Juan Dam, Santa Ana River Basin (and Orange County), Calif_-- 1950 67, 361 -------------- 1 5, 892, 600 Santa Clara River and its tributaries, Santa Clara River Basin, Calif.: Santa Clara River, levee and channel im- provements_ ------------------------ 1950 - -3, 650, 000 Santa Paula Creek channel improve- ments_------------------------------ 1950 ------------ -------------- 1 3,100, 000 Stewart Canyon debris basin and channel, Ven- tura River Basin, Calif Trabuco Dam, Santa Ana River Basin (and 1950 38, 242 ---------.- , .. 1, 421, 800 Orange County), Calif ------------ -------- -------------- -------------- 12 2,190, 000 Tucson diversion channel, Gila River Basin, Ariz ___- 1953 571,225 -------------- 2 1 2, 698, 800 Ventura River levee, Ventura River Basin, Calif- - - _.. -_ - - - - - 1950 1, 343, 638 - .. . . .- (3) Villa Park Dam, Santa Ana River Basin (and Orange County), Calif ---------------------- -------------- -------------- 1 2 2, 270, 000 Whitlow Ranch Reservoir, Queen Creek, Gila _ _ _ River Basin, Calif ------------------------- 1950 ------------- 4, 550, 000 1 Inactive, as noted in 6-year program dated January 1955. 2 Latest cost-estimate revision made in 1954. 3 Completed. 4 Includes 1954 costs ($1,358) and 1955 costs ($235) supplementary to those shown in 1950 Annual Report. 5Includes adjustment (-$975) supplementary to the adjustment ($975) reflected in the 1954 Annual Report. 28. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS The costs during the fiscal year were $52 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated $300 $300 $300 -$450 $450 Cost----------------------------- $208 25 13 52 298 29. EMERGENCY FLOOD CONTROL WORK Flood control emergencies--repair and flood fighting and rescue oork. No repair and flood fighting and rescue work were performed during the fiscal year under section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations. Flood control emergencies-postflood reports. Postflood reports for Globe, Ariz., Queen Creek, Ariz., and Las Vegas, Nev., were per- formed during the fiscal year at a cost of $3,468. FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1361 Flood control emergencies-flood-emergency manuals. The flood- emergency manual for the Los Angeles district was revised at a cost of $3,373. Flood control emergencies-flood-emergency exercises. A flood- emergency exercise was carried out at a cost of $4,694. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ......... ... -- ----- .... $38, 000 -$3, 908 -$185 $13, 873 $78, 780 Cost ------------ ---.------------ 25, 020 8, 225------------..... 11, 535 75, 780 1 The cost for fiscal year 1955 comprises $3,468 for postflood reports, $3,373 for flood-emergency manuals, and $4,694 for flood-emergency exercises. 30. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS Section 7 of Flood Control Act of 1944 reads as follows: "Here- after, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of War to prescribe regu- lations for the use of storage allocated for the flood control or navi- gation at all reservoirs constructed wholly or in part with Federal funds provided on the basis of such purposes, and the operation of any such project shall be in accordance with such regulations: * * * " In accordance with the above authority, preparation of schedule of flood control operations manual for Hoover Dam was continued during the fiscal year at a cost of $1,609. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ---------------..------------------------ $1, 000 $1, 500 $2, 500 Cost ------------------------------------------------ 860 1,609 2,469 31. CARPINTERIA TO POINT MUGU BEACH-EROSION CONTROL (APPENDIX I, COAST OF CALIFORNIA) Location. The proposed project is on the coast of California at the city of Ventura about 70 miles northwest of Los Angeles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of three groins for the protection of the shore at Ventura, Calif., the initial construction to consist of the most easterly groin, the remaining groins to be deferred pending demonstration of need therefor. Federal participation by the contribution of Federal funds to the extent of one-third of the first cost is required. The estimated Federal first cost (1955) is $74,000. All maintenance is to be borne by local interests. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 29, 83d Cong., 1st sess.). The project 1362 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adopt the fore- going plan of protection; to submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifications and arrangements for prosecuting the entire work prior to the commencement of such work; to provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; to hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; to prevent water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers; and to maintain continued public ownership of the beaches and their administration for public use only. Furthermore, the State of California or the appropriate local authority is required to give satisfactory assurances that such protective measures will be maintained during the useful life of the project as may be required to serve its intended purpose. Terminal facilities. Not applicable. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Conditionat end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished. 32. POINT MUGU TO SAN PEDRO BREAKWATER BEACHI-EROSION CONTROL (APPENDIX II, COAST OF CALIFORNIA) Location. The proposed project is on the coast of California from Topanga Canyon on Santa Monica Bay to San Pedro breakwater at Los Angeles Harbor. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for Federal participation by the contribution of Federal funds toward the cost of the following protective features under the modified master plan for development of the shoreline of Los Angeles County: a. Widening of the existing beaches to approximately 1,000 feet between Topanga Canyon and Ballona Creek, and to approximately 300 feet between El Segundo and the Redondo Beach breakwater and between the proposed barrier groin near Topaz Street in Redondo Beach and Malaga Cove. b. Construction of nine groins between Topanga Canyon and Temescal Canyon and a barrier groin at Cabrillo Beach. c. Construction of five groins between Temescal Canyon and the proposed entrance to Playa del Rey Harbor and a barrier groin in the vicinity of Topaz Street in Redondo Beach (all to be deferred pending demonstration of need). d. Appurtenant drainage work comprising extension of seven storm- drain structures through the widened beach. e. Rehabilitation of the Santa Monica breakwater. Federal par- ticipation is to be to the extent of one-third the first cost of protecting the existing shoreline. The estimated Federal first cost (1955) is $3,880,000. All mainte- nance is to be borne by local interests. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 277, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adopt the pro- tective features of the master plan; to submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans, specifications, arrangements for SHORE PROTECTION-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1363 prosecuting the entire work, and schedules for reimbursement of local interests for completed portions of the project prior to the com- mencement of work; to provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; to hold and save the United States free from claims for damages aris- ing from the construction and maintenance of the project works; to prevent water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers; and to maintain continued public ownership of the beaches and their administration for public use only. Furthermore, the State of Cali- fornia or other appropriate local authority is required to give satis- factory assurances that such protective measures will be maintained during the useful life of the project as may be required to serve its intended purpose. Terminal facilities. Not applicable. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished. 33. ANAHEIM BAY HARBOR, CALIF., BEACH-EROSION CONTROL Location. Anaheim Bay Harbor is on the coast of California in Orange County, 4 miles southeast of the mouth of the Los Angeles River at Long Beach. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for Federal participation by the contribution of Federal funds toward the cost of artificial placement of 200,000 cubic yards of sand on the shore, construction of 1 groin at Seal Beach, and placement of a feeder beach of 1,000,000 cubic yards of sand at Surf Side. Federal participation at Seal Beach is to be to the extent of one-third of the first cost and at Surf Side is to be to the extent of 28.8 percent of the first cost. The estimated Federal first costs (1955) are $68,000 for Seal Beach and $110,000 for Surf Side. All maintenance is to be borne by local interests. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 349, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adopt the afore- mentioned plans of protection and improvement; to submit for ap- proval by the Chief of Engineers prior to commencement of work de- tailed plans and specifications for the project and also the arrange- ments for prosecuting the work; to assure such maintenance of the pro- tective and improvement measures during the useful life of the project, including replenishment of the feeder beach at suitable intervals, as may be required to serve the project's intended purpose; to provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way; to hold and save the United States free from all claims for dam- ages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; to assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bath- ers will not be permitted; and to assure continued public ownership of the shore upon which the amount of Federal participation is based and to assure its administration for public use only. Terminal facilities. Not applicable. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished. 1364 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARlMY, 1955 34. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs during the fiscal year for navigation studies and beach erosion cooperative studies were as follows: Interim report on critical sites, San Diego County, Calif-------------- $4, 723 Report on phase 1 of beach-erosion study of Orange County-----------5, 400 Interim report on harbor-entrance improvement, Camp Pendleton, Calif_ -- 11 Total ------------------------------------------------ 10,112 The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $9,748, will be applied during fiscal year 1956 to the following exami- nations and surveys: Report on phase 1 of beach-erosion study of Orange County---------- $9, 600 Report on small-craft harbor at Camp Pendleton and on shore protection at Oceanside------------ ------------------------------ 30, 000 Review report on Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbor with a view to extend- ing the breakwater ---------------------------------------.... 13,000 Total------------------- ---------------------------- 52, 600 The additional sum of $60,800 can, be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957. 35. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs during the fiscal year for flood control studies were as follows : San Dieguito River, Calif ------------------------------------- $3, 067 Los Chollas Creek, Calif---------------------------------------- 103 Tunnel through Laguna Mountains, near San Diego, Calif-------------- 139 Laguna Dominguez, Calif ---------------------------------------- 187 Little Colorado River, Colo----------------------- 39 Mojave River, Calif- ------------------------------- 9, 011 Gila and Salt Rivers, Gillespie Dam to McDowell Dam site, Ariz-..... 5, 485 Colorado River above Lee Ferry, Ariz__------------------- 4, 760 Kanab Creek, Utah and Ariz_--_ ..... ------- ---------------- 79 Lower Agua Fria River and vicinity, Ariz__------------------- -- 17 Total ------------------------------- 22, 853 The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $1,010, will be applied during fiscal year 1956 to the following ex- aminations and surveys: Colorado River above Lee Ferry ------------------------------ $27,300 Gila River, Ariz------ --------------------------------------- 2, 700 Mojave River, Calif-----------------------------------------21, 600 San Dieguito River, Calif -------------------------------------- 3, 000 Whitewater River, Calif---- ------------------------------ 0,000 Total-- ------------------------------------------- 84, 600 The additional sum of $172,600 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957. 36. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA. The costs during the fiscal year for collection and study of basic data were $2,547. The balance unexpended at the end of fiscal year amounting to $18 will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1956. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT This district comprises parts of southern Oregon and northern and western California embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Pacific Ocean from the Oregon-California State line on the north to Cape San Martin, Calif. (about 150 miles south of the entrance to San Francisco Bay), on the south, except the waters of Suisun Bay and the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and their tributaries. It also includes the Hawaiian, Line, Gilbert, Marshall, Midway, Wake, and Johnston Islands, and such islands in the South Pacific Ocean lying between the 159th meridian of east longitude and 108th meridian of west longitude as may be under the jurisdiction of the United States. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Crescent City Harbor, Calif_ 1365 24. Other authorized navigation 2. Humboldt Harbor and Bay, projects_ - - - - - - - 1403 Calif 1367 3. Noyo River and Harbor, Flood control Calif_ 1369 4. Bodega Bay, Calif ........ 1371 25. Russian River, Calif ..... 1403 5. San Francisco Harbor, Calif_ 1372 26. San Lorenzo Creek, Calif -- 1405 6. San Francisco Harbor and 27. San Lorenzo River, Calif -- 1405 Bay, Calif. (collection and 28. Hanapepe River, T. H- _--- 1406 removal of drift)_- 1375 29. Kawainui Swamp, T. H ... 1407 7. San Rafael Creek, Calif --- 1375 30. Wailoa Stream and tribu- 8. Petaluma Creek, Calif .. 1376 taries, T. H _---.-.--. 1408 9. Napa River, Calif .... 1378 31. Other authorized flood con- 10. San Pablo Bay and Mare trol projects_ 1409 Island Strait, Calif ...... 1379 32. Inspection of completed flood 11. Richmond Harbor, Calif-- - 1381 control projects . 1409 12. Oakland Harbor, Calif ..... 1383 33. Flood control work under 13. Redwood City Harbor, Calif_ 1386 --- special authorization 1410 14. Moss Landing Harbor, Calif_ l88 15. Monterey Harbor, Calif .... 1389 Shore protection 16. Nawiliwili Harbor, T. H -.. 1391 17. Port Allen Harbor, T. H .- 1392 34. Waikiki Beach, T. H., beach 1411 18. 19. Keehi Lagoon, T. H------- Honolulu Harbor, T. H_ ... 1394 1395 erosion control General investigations 20. Kaunakakai Harbor, T. H - 1397 1412 21. Kahului Harbor, T. H_ ... 1l98 35. Examinations and surveys__ 22. Kawaihae Harbor, T. H . 1400 36. Collection and study of basic 23. Hilo Harbor, T. H ... 1401 data_------------------1412 1. CRESCENT CITY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is 17 miles south of the Oregon State line, 125 miles south of Coos Bay, Oreg., 70 miles north of Humboldt Bay, Calif., and midway between San Francisco Bay and the mouth of the Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5895.) Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater extending for approximately 3,700 feet on a bearing of S. 270 E. 1365 1366 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 from Battery Point, thence for approximately 1,000 feet on a bearing of S. 800 E.; a rubble-mound sand barrier from Whaler Island to the easterly shore; an inner breakwater extending northwesterly from Whaler Island, to form a protected inner harbor; for maintaining, by dredging; a basin 1,800 feet long and 1,400 feet wide to a depth of 20 feet at mean lower low water, except in rock, for the removal of pinnacle rocks in the inner harbor; and for maintenance dredging of the inner harbor basin in the vicinity of the seaward end of the sand barrier. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.9 feet; the extreme range of tide is about 12.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $7,111,000, exclusive of $217,116 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $151,500, exclusive of the cost of maintenance of the inner harbor. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 18,1918 Breakwater___________________________ . H. Doc. 434, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Conditions of local cooperation modified_------------ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 4, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21,1927 Extending the breakwater to length of 3,000 feet ....-. H. Doc. 595, 69th Cong. 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging the harbor basin, 1,800 feet long, 1,400 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee wide, and 20 feet deep. Doc. 40, 74th Cong., 1st sess Aug. 26, 1937 For the sand barrier and maintenance dredging in Senate Commerce Committee print, the vicinity of the seaward end thereof. 75th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 Extending the breakwater to Round Rock (modified H. Doc. 688, 76th Cong., 3d sess. by the Chief of Engineers). (contains latest published map). Do_ .... Inner breakwater and removal of rock in inner harbor_ Report on file in Office, Chief of Engineers. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of March 2, 1945, requires that local interests grant to the United States, free of cost, necessary easements and rights-of-way and a suitable quarry or source of supply of royalty-free rock for extension of the breakwater. The required permits and assurances of cooperation were provided by the Board of Supervisors of Del Norte County, State of California, in resolutions No. 475 dated May 4, 1953, No. 620 dated April 11, 1955, No. 633 dated May 10, 1955, and No. 652 dated June 28, 1955. Terminal facilities. There are 3 piers in the harbor, 1 of which is designated for public use and from which boats are fueled; and a private mooring for barges discharging petroleum products to a pipe- line located on the inner breakwater. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, plans and specifications were prepared by hired labor, and 98,770 tons of stone were placed by contract to complete approximately 370 feet of the 1,000-foot redirected extension of the outer breakwater, at a cost of $563,498. As maintenance, 12,126 tons of stone and 1,212 cubic yards of concrete were placed in repairing and strengthening the existing outer breakwater, and 3,000 tons of stone were delivered and stock- piled, by contract, at a cost of $142,219; and condition and opera- tion studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $3,300. The costs RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1367 during the fiscal year were $563,498 for new work and $145,519 for maintenance, a total of $709,017. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work remaining to be accom- plished is the completion of the outer breakwater extension, presently about 17 percent complete. The 3,000-foot outer breakwater was completed in 1930, the sand barrier in 1939, the inner breakwater in 1946, and the removal of pinnacle rock in 1951. The controlling depths in April 1955 were as follows: Main harbor basin, 14.5 feet at the A. C. Dutton Co. wharf, 6 feet at the J. C. Paul wharf, and 16 feet in the outer portion of the harbor except the extreme northerly end which was 10 feet; inner harbor, 11 feet, except in the extreme easterly and westerly sides, which were 8 feet. The total costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds .. .. .................... ________ .__ $4, 534, 583 $1, 644, 091 $6, 178, 674 Contributed funds_----------------------------- 217, 116 27, 884 245, 000 Total --------------------------------------- 4, 751, 699 1, 671, 975 6, 423, 674 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated--........ _ $900, 000 $4, 000 ...------- __ __........... $510, 183 $4, 481, 268 Cost___-----___ ___ 1,253, 138 8, 623 $152 ---- ---- 563, 498 24, 534, 583 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ 40, 182 28, 600 909, 725 $3, 700 2, 500 1, 694, 072 Cost_ _--------------- 240, 223 73, 349 57, 820 718, 299 145, 519 1, 644, 091 1 Exclusive of contributed funds of $217,116 for new work and $27,884 for maintenance. 2 Exclusive of $2,138 surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_------- -$202, 915 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ -- 1, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------_ 797, 085 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------_ ----------- 1, 627, 594 2. HUMBOLDT HARBOR AND BAY, CALIF. Location. Humboldt Bay is a landlocked harbor on the coast of California, 225 miles north of San Francisco Bay and 70 miles south of Crescent City Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5832.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, July 3, 1892, March 3, 1899, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see pages 1982-1984 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1673 of Annual Report for 1929, and page 1689 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for 2 rubble-mound jetties at 1368 RE!PORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the entrance-the north jetty about 4,500 feet in length and the south jetty 5,100 feet long, not including shore revetments; for a bar and entrance channel 40 feet deep tapered from a width of 1,600 feet at seaward mile 0.91 to 500 feet at seaward mile 0.18, thence 500 feet wide to mile 0.75, with easing of the bend at mile 0.75; for a North Bay Channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide from mile 0.75 to mile 4.29; a channel 400 feet wide and 30 feet deep from mile 4.29 to mile 5.00, thence 26 feet deep to the foot of N Street, Eureka; a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide from mile 4.29 across Indian Island Shoal to Samoa, at mile 5.84; a channel 18 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Arcata wharf; and a channel 26 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Fields Landing, with a turning basin 600 feet wide and 800 feet long off the Fields Landing wharf. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.4 feet at the south jetty and 6.7 feet at Eureka. The extreme range is 12.5 feet at the south jetty and 12 feet at Eureka. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1955, was $3,283,705, exclusive of $95,000 contributed by local interests and of amounts expended on the previous projects. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $259,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 Rebuilding the jetties_ ........ - ___ H. Doc. 950, 60th Cong., 1st sess. - I_ ___....... July 3,1930 For depth of 20 feet and widths of 250 and 300 feet in H. Doc. 755, 69th Cong., 2d sess. the bay channels and for the channel to Arcata wharf. Aug. 30,1935 For the entrance channel, 500 feet wide, 30 feet deep-. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 14, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26,1937 For widths of 400 feet in Eureka Channel and 300 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee in Samoa and Fields Landing Channels, and for Doc. 11, 75th Cong., 1st sess. construction of Fields Landing turning basin, 600 feet wide and 800 feet long, all to a depth of 26 feet. July 16,1952 1 For deepening to 40 feet and widening bar and en- H. Doc. 143, 82d Cong., 1st sess. trance channel; deepening Eureka and Samoa (contains latest published map). Channels to 30 feet; and for construction of North Bay Channel, 400 feet wide, 30 feet deep. 1 Public Law 549, 82d Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. Local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas required for maintenance dredging. Terminal facilities. There are 28 wharves and piers, 2 of which are publicly owned; 4 oil terminals; 4 boat-building and repair plants; 1 boat icing plant; 7 small boat fueling stations; 2 small yacht and fish-boat basins, 1 of which is publicly owned; and numerous log booms and small landings; exclusive of facilities owned by the United States. These facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, the U. S. hopper dredges Biddle and Davison removed 550,450 cubic yards of material from the bar and entrance channel, 262,050 cubic yards from the North Bay Channel, 51,753 cubic yards from the Eureka Channel, and 125,934 cubic yards from Samoa Channel, at a cost of $258,945, RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1369 to complete the project, and, as maintenance, removed 129,743 cubic yards of material from the bar and entrance channel, 97,350 cubic yards from the North Bay Channel, and 176,297 cubic yards from the Fields Landing Channel and turning basin, at a cost of $104",223; con- dition and operation studies were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $4,444. The costs during the fiscal year were $258,945 for new work and $108,667 for maintenance, a total of $367,612. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in December 1954. The north jetty was completed in 1925; the south jetty in 1927; Arcata Channel in 1931; the entrance channel, 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide, in 1935; Fields Landing Channel and turning basin and Eureka and Samoa Channels, to a depth of 26 feet, in 1939. The controlling depths in June 1955 over various channels were as follows: Entrance channel and channel between the jetties, 35 feet; North Bay Channel, 29 feet; Samoa Channel, 29 feet; Eureka Channel, 25 feet to D Street, thence 12 feet to head of project; Fields Landing Channel, 25 feet. In May 1937, Arcata Channel (no longer in use) was 18 feet. The total costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds- ----------..............------------------------ $3, 283, 705 $5, 194, 529 $8,478, 234 Contributed funds-----...----------------------------- 95,000---------------- 95, 000 Total--------.........--.......---------........--..................... 3, 378, 705 5, 194, 529 8, 573, 234 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated- - ....- --......... __.-.--. -- ..-.-.- -- - $250, 000 $254, 817 $5, 545, 076 Cost----------................------------..---- ------------------- 245, 872 258, 945 5, 545, 076 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $70, 220 $10, 000 $116, 850 1,300 106, 900 5, 292, 553 Cost----------------- 157, 482 22, 197 110, 999 5, 582 108, 667 5, 292, 735 1 Includes $2,261,371 for new work and $98,206 for maintenance on previous project. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $95,000 for new work on the existing project. 3. NOYO RIVER AND HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Noyo Harbor is a cove on the California coast about 100 miles south of Humboldt Bay and 135 miles northwest of San Francisco. Noyo River rises in the Coast Range Mountains, flows westerly, and empties into Noyo Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5703.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1680, Annual Report for 1929, and page 1772, Annual Report for 1930. Eisting project. This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater extending northwesterly about 1,100 feet from the south headland 1370 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 of Noyo Harbor, 2 entrance jetties, and for an entrance channel into Noyo River 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide and a channel in the river 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide extending 1.15 miles above the mouth, to be obtained by jetty construction and dredging. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.8 feet. The extreme range is about 11.5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $2,496,000, exclusive of amounts expended on the previous project. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $54,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Entrance channel, jetties, and channel, in the river_._ S. Doc. 156, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 The breakwater in Noyo Harbor __-----------------H. Doc. 682, 76th Cong., 3d sess. June 30,1948 Extension of project channel one-half mile upstream__ H. Doc. 586, 80th Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. The act of July 3, 1930, requires that local interests provide free of cost to the United States suitable areas for the disposal of dredged materials, and royalty-free stone for con- struction and repair of the jetties, together with suitable rights-of- way needed in transporting the stone to the jetties. These requirements have been fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of March 2, 1945, requires that local interests provide the necessary rights-of-way and easements for the construction and maintenance of the breakwater, including access thereto, and a suit- able royalty-free quarry in the locality; and give assurances satis- factory to the Secretary of War that they will provide suitable public facilities and arrangements for the loading and unloading of vessels in Noyo Harbor. These requirements have not been complied with. The act of June 30, 1948, requires that local interests establish a com- petent public body empowered to regulate the use and development of the port facilities, which shall be open to all on equal terms, and provided such public body (1) furnishes, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construc- tion of the improvement; (2) agrees to hold and save the United States free from damages.resulting from construction and mainte- nance of the project; (3) reserves for spoil-disposal areas all presently unused lands adjacent to the lower 1.6 miles of the river and lying below an elevation of 16 feet above mean lower low water; (4) agrees to furnish, free of cost to the United States, easements over these areas for the deposit of spoil from the new work and maintenance dredging and for the construction thereon of impounding levees and to furnish royalty-free material for the construction of such levees, all when and as required; and (5) agrees to contribute to the United States funds equal to the Federal cost of constructing such levees as and when required. The Noyo Harbor district was established by the Board of Supervisors of Mendocino County on October 18, 1950, as an initial step in fulfilling the requirements of local cooperation. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1371 Terminal facilities. There are no facilities in the harbor proper. In the river above the harbor there are 2 piers and 6 fish receiving wharves, 3 of which have boat fueling stations thereon; 5 boat build- ing and repair plants; 1 boat fueling and icing terminal; and a num- ber of mooring facilities; all privately owned. These facilities are considered adequate, with the exception of mooring and berthing facilities for fishing boats. Improvement of the project as authorized will provide additional protected area for required facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, 6,545 tons of stone and 332 cubic yards of concrete were placed by contract at a'cost of $96,752 to complete the repair and strengthening of the north jetty, and condition and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $1,959, a total maintenance cost during the fiscal year of $98,711. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is about 15 percent complete., The work remaining to be done is the construction of the breakwater in Noyo Harbor and the extension of the channel one- half mile upstream to mile 1.15. The jetties, rock removal, and dredging of the entrance channel and approximately five-eighths of a mile of the river channel were completed in 1931. In April 1955, the controlling depths were as follows: 10.5 feet at the entrance to the channel and 6.1 feet between the jetties; thence 8.5 feet to the green navigation light at the first curve (quarter-mile point) ; thence 5.0 feet through the completed portion of the project except for a depth of 1.9 feet at the extreme end. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $195,834 for new work and $564,211 for maintenance, a total of $760,045. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 2 New work: Appropriated ...... -$851 .......--- .....---------------------------------- $207,819 Cost-- -----------... ------------------------------------------------.. 207, 819 Maintenance: Appropriated .......--- -5, 174 $212, 382 $25, 778 $153, 300 -$49, 100 596, 408 Cost- -- 863 4, 346 232, 008 7,196 98, 711 596,308 1 Includes $11,985 for new work and $32,097 for maintenance on previous project. 2Exclusive of contributed funds of $7,180 for new work and $820 for maintenance on previous project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---- $2, 300, 166 4. BODEGA BAY, CALIF. Location. Bodega Bay is a triangular lagoon on the California coast 85 miles south of Noyo River and 58 miles north of San Fran- cisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5603.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 100 feet wide and 12 feet deep at mean lower low water, protected by jetties; a channel of the same dimensions as the entrance channel to the town of Bay, and thence southeasterly along the shore for a distance of about 4,200 feet, with 3 widenings or turning basins 12 feet deep, one, 1372 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 300 feet wide, located at the inner end of the entrance channel, the second, 400 feet wide, at the junction of the bay and shore channels near the town of Bay, and the third, 400 feet wide, at the southern end of the shore channel; and a suitable bulkhead to prevent sand from the spit near the entrance being carried into the bay channel. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.6 feet, and the extreme tidal range is about 11 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1943, was $641,800. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $38,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938 (H. Doc. 619, 75th Cong., 3d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. Local interests are required to furnish disposal areas for main- tenance dredging and to maintain suitable grasses or shrubbery to control the sands on the dunes west of the bay. Terminal facilities. There are 7 piers, 2 of which have boat fuel- ing stations thereon; 1 boat fueling pier; 1 boatbuilding and repair plant; 2 small repair plants; and 7 small landings; all privately owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. As maintenance, by hired labor, condition and operation studies were made at a cost of $587. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1943. In May 1954, the controlling depths were as follows: 11 feet between the jetties to beacon 2, thence 8 feet to beacon 8, 10 feet to beacon 20, 10 feet to the easterly end of the middle turning basin, thence 9 feet to the innermost turning basin, and 6 feet in the innermost turning basin. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $641,800 for new work and $111,665 for maintenance, a total of $753,465. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated----......--------.....-----------------....................---..-------------------------$641, 800 Cost.....------------------------------------------ ------------------------ 641, 800 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $727 $2, 500 $2, 700 $2, 200 $700 111, 827 Cost------------------- 1, 664 1, 630 3,559 2,162 587 111, 665 5. SAN FRANCISCO HARBOR, CALIF. Location. The works included under this project are in San Fran- cisco Bay, in the vicinity of San Francisco, and in the approach chan- nels to the Golden Gate, the bay entrance. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5532.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1868, June 10, 1872, June 23, 1874, March 3, 1899, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, and September 22, 1922. For further details, see page RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1373 1978 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1749 of Annual Report for 1921, page 1633 of Annual Report for 1929, and page 1669 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel through the San Francisco Bar on the line of the main ship channel, 50 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide; the removal of Presidio Shoal, Black Point Shoal, Rincon Reef Rock (inner), Rincon Reef Rock (outer), Blossom Rock, and Alcatraz Shoal westward of a north-and-south line 2,500 feet west of Alcatraz Light, to a depth of 40 feet; the removal of Arch Rock, Shag Rocks 1 and 2, Harding Rock, Raccoon Shoal, Point Knox Shoal westward of a north-and-south line through Point Stuart Light, and a portion of the shoal channelward of the pierhead line near the mouth of Islais Creek, to a depth of 35 feet; and for dredging a channel 750 feet wide and 10 feet deep from that depth in the bay to San Francisco Airport ending in a basin 10 feet deep and approxi- mately 2,000 feet in width. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.7 feet at Fort Point and 7.2 feet at the San Francisco Airport. The extreme ranges at the foregoing localities are 10.6 and 12 feet, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $1,638,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and of $134,591 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21,1927 Dredging at Islais Creek- -......-.-----.-----.--... H. Doc. 337, 69th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Removal of Presidio Shoal, Rincon Reef Rock (inner), H. Doc. 196, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Rincon Reef Rock (outer), Blossom Rock, and Alcatraz Shoal to depth of 40 feet, mean lower low water; removal of Arch Rock, Shag Rocks 1 and 2, and Harding Rock to depth of 35 feet; removal of Raccoon Shoal and Point Knox Shoal, westward of a north-and-south line through Point Stuart Light to depth of 35 feet. Aug. 30, 19351 For a 50-foot depth in the bar main ship channel, 2,000 Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 feet wide, removal of Black Point Shoal to a depth Doc. 50, 72d Cong., 2d sess. of 40 feet and certain modifications of the areas to be deepened on Alcatraz and Islais Creek Shoals, and abandonment of the 34-foot depth area south of the flared approach channel to Islais Creek. Aug. 26, 1937 For the channel to the San Francisco Airport 750 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 wide and 10 feet deep ending in a basin 2,000 feet Doc. 12, 75th Cong., 1st sess. wide. 1 Included in part in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of August 26, 1937, requires that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitably bulkheaded spoil-disposal areas for maintenance of the channel to the San Francisco Airport. Terminal facilities. The State of California owns 66 piers, a large passenger ferry terminal, 3 car ferry terminals, and a mooring wharf in the harbor. In addition, there are 4 privately owned wharves, 1 shipbuilding yard, 2 shipbuilding and repair plants, a fishboat har- bor and a yacht harbor. These facilities are exclusive of those owned 1374 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 by the United States and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the U. S. hopper dredge Biddle removed 1,429,500 cubic yards of material from the main ship channel and 194,201 cubic yards from Islais Creek Shoal, at a cost of $304,919; by contract, 201,813 cubic yards of material were removed from the Airport Channel at a cost of $155,104; and by hired labor, condition and operation studies were made at a cost of $1,689. The total maintenance cost during the fiscal year was $461,712. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 90 percent completed. The work remaining to be done is the completion of the bar channel and the removal of Raccoon Shoal. The dredging of Islais Creek Shoal was completed in 1930, the deepening of Presidio Shoal in 1931, the removal of the various rocks in 1932, the deepening of Point Knox Shoal in 1934, the deepening of Alcatraz Shoal in 1936, the deepening of Black Point Shoal in 1937, and the dredging of the channel and basin at the San Francisco Airport in 1941. The controlling depths over various portions of the project on the dates indicated were as follows: Main ship channel, 43 feet, October 1954; Presidio Shoal, 34 feet, and Black Point Shoal, 35 feet, March 1955; Rincon Reef Rock (inner), 41 feet, March 1946; Rincon Reef Rock (outer), 40 feet, July 1933; Blossom Rock, 40 feet, October 1950; Alcatraz Shoal, 32.5 feet, March 1955; Arch and Harding Rocks, 33 feet, and Shag Rocks 1 and 2, 36 feet, December 1949; Point Knox Shoal, 37 feet, April 1955; Raccoon Strait Shoal, 28.5 feet, March 1955; Islais Creek Shoal, 31 feet, February 1955; channel and basin at San Francisco Airport, 7 feet in southerly two-thirds of the channel and northeasterly portion of the basin, October 1954, and 5 feet in remainder of channel and basin, September 1953. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: New work costs Maintenance Total costs costs Regular funds...-- ----------------------------------- $1, 167, 038 $1, 294, 066 $2, 461, 104 Public Works funds---------------------------------- 193, 000------------- ..............--- 193, 000 Contributed funds-----------------------------------134, 591 ----------------..... 134, 591 Total-------------------------------- ------- 1,494, 629 1, 294, 066 2,788,695 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 12 New work: Appropriated...-------............----------------------------------------------- ------------ $2, 390, 437 Cost------------- --....-------......----........-------- ------------------------------------------------ 2, 390, 437 Maintenance: Appropriated--- ---_... $4, 703 $74, 000 $175, 067 $76, 000 $459, 200 1, 768, 818 Cost------------------ 7, 049 80,670 175,061 74,696 461, 712 1, 769, 387 1Includes $1,030,399 for new work and $475,321 for maintenance on previous projects. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $134,591 for new work on existing project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be . appropriated for completion of existing project__------_ . $277, 962 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1375 6. SAN FRANCISCO HARBOR AND BAY, CALIF. (Collection and removal of drift) Location. This project applies to San Francisco Bay, lower San Francisco Bay, Oakland Harbor, Richmond Harbor, San Pablo Bay and Mare Island Strait, Richardson Bay, and their tributaries. Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift from San Francisco Bay and its tributary waters. The (1955) estimate of cost for new work (initial acquisition of plant and equipment) is $1,130,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $203,900. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. No. 286, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Described in pertinent separate project descriptions. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, floating debris was collected and disposed of from the project waterways at a cost of $67,462. Condition at end of fiscal year. No new work funds have been ap- propriated. Operations under the existing project were commenced July 1, 1950. Costs for the removal of drift previous to that time were carried as maintenance on applicable authorized river and harbor projects in the area. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year, all for maintenance, was $306,396. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... -.. Cost.----------------- $60, 000 52, 318 $52, 000 59, 682 $62, 500 52, 742 $69, 000 70, 191 $62, 800 67, 462 $306, 300 306, 396 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------- $1, 130, 000 7. SAN RAFAEL CREEK, CALIF. Location. This is a small, mainly tidal stream about 2 miles in length, flowing easterly and emptying into the west side of San Francisco Bay, 14 miles north of San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5532.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide across the flats in San Francisco Bay to the mouth of the creek; thence 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide to Irwin Street, San Refael; a cutoff through Goose Neck Bend, and a turning basin 200 feet long, 100 feet wide, and 6 feet deep at San Rafael, near the head of the project. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The length of the section under improvement is 3.5 miles, of which 2 miles are in San Francisco Bay, outside the mouth of the creek. 363037-55 vol. 2- 87 1376 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.7 feet, with an extreme range of 10.5 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1928, was $32,359, exclusive of $41,094 contributed funds. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. 801, 63d Cong., 2d sess.). No map has been published. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 8 wharves, 6 of which are for the receipt of bulk petroleum products; 2 boatbuilding and repair plants; 4 yacht harbors and 4 boat fueling stations; and 11 moorings and bulkhead landings; all privately owned. These facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, con- dition and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $714. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1928. The controlling depths, from a condition survey of February 1.954 and a reconnaissance survey of April 1955, were as follows: 7 feet in the channel across the flats in San Francisco Bay to the mouth of the creek; 6.5 feet in the creek to the municipal yacht harbor, thence 6 feet to the head of the project at Irwin Street. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds......--------------------------------------- $32, 359 $417, 179 $449, 538 Contributed funds ..........----------------------------------- 41,094 ------.. ----. -- 41, 094 Total.......--------------- -----------------...-------- 453 73, 417, 179 490, 632 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated------------------------------- ------------ ----------------- ------- $32, 359 Cost-------------------------------------------------- .---------------------- 32,359 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... -$24, 158 $1, 618 $2, 500 $118, 400 $600 417, 277 Cost ----------------- 33, 451 1,618 2, 411 118, 277 714 417,179 1 Exclusive of contributed funds of $41,094 for new work. 8. PETALUMA CREEK, CALIF. Location. This stream rises in the hills north of Petaluma, flows southeasterly about 20 miles, and empties into the northwest side of San Pablo Bay about 22 miles from San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5533.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, July 13, 1892, July 18, 1918, and March 3, 1925. For fur- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1377 ther details, see page 1982 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1665 of Annual Report for 1929, and page 1684 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide in San Pablo Bay to the mouth of the creek; thence 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the creek to Western Avenue, Petaluma, including a depth of 8 feet in the turning basin; thence 4 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Washington Street Bridge; thence 4 feet deep and 40 feet wide to a point 935 feet above the Washington Street Bridge. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The length of the section under improvement is 19.5 miles, of which 5 miles are in San Pablo Bay downstream from the mouth of the creek. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.1 feet at the entrance and 6.6 feet at the head of navigation, with an extreme range of 10 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1933, was $85,063, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is, $61,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 183, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of July 3, 1930, requires that local interests furnish satisfactory areas with necessary levees, spillways, and drainage works for the proper disposal of spoil from maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are 22 wharves and piers and 11 small landings, all privately owned. These facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condi- tion and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $4,651. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1933. The controlling depths in September 1954 were as follows: 5 feet in the channel across the flats in San Pablo Bay; 7.5 feet to Hay- stack Landing; 6 feet to McNear Canal; 5 feet to Western Avenue; and 1.5 feet to the head of the project. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $85,063 for new work and $627,048 for maintenance, a total of $712,111. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 , 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1s New work: Appropriated--------- --------- I-------- ------------ ------------ --- -------- $297,146 Cost--- ---------- ------------------------------------ 297, 146 Maintenance: Appropriated . - ..- - $4, 535 $194, 000 $7, 475 $5, 700 $700 941, 812 Cost _ - - 4, 561 8, 475 191,688 2,989 4, 651 941,740 1Includes $212,083 for new work and $314,692 for maintenance of previous project. 2Exclusive of contributed funds of $15,559 for new work on the previous project. 1378 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 9. NAPA RIVER, CALIF. Location. This stream rises in the St. Helena Mountains, flows in a southerly direction, and empties into Mare Island Strait. The navigable portion is a tidal estuary. The head of navigation is at Third Street in the city of Napa, 16.2 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5533.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 11, 1888, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919. For further details, see page 1756, Annual Report for 1930, and page 1683, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 15 feet deep and 100 feet wide between the mouth at Mare Island Strait and Asy- lum Slough and 10 feet deep and 75 feet wide thence to Third Street in Napa with a cutoff at Horseshoe Bend, a turning basin 300 feet wide at Jacks Bend, and additional widenings and realinement, in other difficult sections. The length of the section included in the project is 16.2 miles. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6 feet at the mouth and 7.1 feet at the head of navigation. The extreme range is about 11 feet. The project was completed in 1950 except for dikes and revet- ments authorized for construction if required. The cost of the com- pleted work was $1,021,274 exclusive of amounts expended on pre- vious projects. The dikes and revetments portion of the project is to be restudied. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $145,726. The latest (1955) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $37,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,1935 Channel 8 feet deep, 100 feet wide from Mare Island Rivers and Harbors Committee Strait to Asylum Slough, thence 75 feet wide to Doc. 6, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Napa. July 24, 1946 Channel 15 feet deep, 100 feet wide between Mare H. Doec. 397, 79th Cone., 2d sess.1 Island Strait and Asylum Slough, thence 10 feet (contains latest published map). deep, 75 feet wide to 3d St. in Napa. 1Included dikes and revetments'if required which is to be restudied. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. Local interests are required to furnish lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas, and provide necessary spoil im- pounding and drainage works for channel maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are 4 drydocks, 1 vessel outfitting wharf, 7 wharves used in connection with oil distributing plants, and 3 wharves for general cargoes and other miscellaneous purposes. There are also numerous small yacht mooring facilities along the river. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condi- tion and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $1,232. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1950 except for dikes and revetments, to be constructed if required. The work authorized by the act of August 30, 1935, was completed in 1937. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1379 The controlling depths over various sections of the project on the dates indicated were as follows: In July 1952, 15 feet from Mare Island Causeway to Goodluck Point; from a condition survey of November 1953 and a reconnaissance survey of February 1955, 8.5 feet at Good- luck Point, thence 14 feet to Dutton Landing, 8.5 feet to Bull Island, 13.5 feet to Horseshoe Bend Cutoff, 11.5 feet to Asylum Slough, 10 feet to Tannery Bend, and 3.5 feet to the head of the project. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $1,021,274 for new work and $54,626 for maintenance, a total of $1,075,900. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated --------- ---------- _ $18275 ---------------------------------- _ $1, 048, 830 Cost_----------------- $15,604 24, 751 ----------------------------------- 1,048, 830 Maintenance: Appropriated_ ....... -- 311 7, 500 $6, 200 $4, 200 $700 89, 300 Cost 642 5, 310 4, 347 7,632 1,232 89, 222 1 Includes $27,556 for new work and $34,596 for maintenance of previous project. 10. SAN PABLO BAY AND MARE ISLAND STRAIT, CALIF. Location. The channel extends from a point in the lower end of San Pablo Bay west of Pinole Point in a general northeasterly di- rection across Pinole Shoal in San Pablo Bay to the junction of Carquinez Strait and Mare Island Strait, thence northwesterly in Mare Island Strait along the frontage of the Mare Island Navy Yard. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5533.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, February 27, 1911, and August 8, 1917. For further details, see page 1680, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel across Pinole Shoal in San Pablo Bay 600 feet wide and 35 feet deep; thence through Mare Island Strait a channel 700 feet wide and 30 feet deep flaring to a turning basin generally 1,000 feet wide from former dike 6, Mare Island, to a line 75 feet southerly from the causeway between Vallejo and Mare Island, 30 feet deep, except at the northerly end where the project depth is 26 feet. The proj- ect provides also for 2 approach areas 20 feet deep to within 50 feet of the pierhead line adjacent to the improved waterfront at Vallejo and South Vallejo and for maintenance of the 2 approach areas to the navy yard piers at the southern end of Mare Island. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.8 feet at the lower end of San Pablo Bay, and 6 feet opposite the Mare Island Navy Yard, with an extreme range of about 10 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $396,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $225,000. 1380 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Feb. 27,1911 A depth of 30 feet through Pinole Shoal H. Doc. 1103, 60th Cong., 2d sess. __------------ Aug. 8,1917 A depth of 35 feet and the Mare Island Strait Channel H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. and turning basin. Jan. 21,1927 Increasing width of the channel to 600 feet and de- H. Doc. 104, 69th Cong., 1st sess. creasing channel and turning basin depth in Mare Island Strait to 30 feet. June 20,1938 Increasing width of the channel in Mare Island Strait H. Doc. 644, 75th Cong., 3d sess. to 700 feet and increasing length of turning basin. Mar. 2,1945 Approach areas at Vallejo and South Vallejo and H. Doc. 217, 77th Cong., 1st sess. maintenance of approach areas to navy yard piers (contains latest published map). at south end of Mare Island. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are 3 wharves along the southern shore of San Pablo Bay; in Mare Island Strait there are 6 wharves, 2 ferry slips, and 3 small boat moorings, in addition to the Navy Yard facilities. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the U. S. hopper dredge Rossell removed 1,386,073 cubic yards of material from Mare Island Strait at a cost of $219,043, and condition and opera- titon studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $570. The total maintenance cost during the fiscal year was $219,613. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is about 97 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of the two approach channels adjacent to Vallejo and South Vallejo. Pinole Shoal Channel was completed in 1929. The Mare Island Strait Channel and turning basin was completed in 1943. From a condib tion survey of January 1954 and a reconnaissance survey of May 1955, the controlling depth throughout Pinole Shoal Channel was 34 feet; and from a condition survey of May 1955, the controlling depth in Mare Island Strait was 27 feet to the city wharf, thence 24 feet to the head of the project. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $282,669 for new work and $3,799,781 for maintenance, a total of $4,082,450. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: ..------------ .. Appropriated ... -----------------------..------------ ------------ $1,369, 372 Cost .-------...... ..----------------------------------------------------------- 1, 369, 372 Maintenance: Appropriated .....-- -$143, 700 $185, 900 $103, 634 $308, 000 $214, 000 5,158, 937 Cost..........----------------- 108, 066 227, 974 48, 749 357, 837 219, 613 5, 159, 161 1 Includes $1,086,703 for new work and $1,359,380 for maintenance of previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____- $113, 331 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1381 11. RICHMOND HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay about 10 miles north of Oakland. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5532.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide adjacent to Southampton Shoal from deep water in San Francisco Bay to the outer harbor; an approach area to Rich- mond long wharf 35 feet deep and 3,670 feet long as measured parallel to, and 75 feet bayward of, the pierhead line; for an inner harbor entrance channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide from deep water to Point Richmond, with a turning basin at that point; thence a channel 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide flaring to about 600 feet at Point Potrero with a turn at that point 1,150 feet wide and 35 feet deep except for a depth of 30 feet at the southerly apex of the bend; thence 35 feet deep and 850 feet wide to the entrance to Santa Fe Channel; thence 35 feet deep and 200 feet wide in Santa Fe Channel for approximately 2,000 feet, and maintenance to a depth of 30 feet of the remainder of Santa Fe Channel and basin; for approach areas 32 feet deep to within 75 feet of the pierhead line in the outer harbor at Point San Pablo and Point Orient; for a chaniel 20 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and about 2,000 feet long from deep water in San Pablo Bay easterly along the north side of Point San Pablo; and for a rubble-mound training wall 10,000 feet long extending westerly from Brooks Island. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.8 feet, with an extreme range of about 11 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $3,164,000, exclusive of contributed funds in the amount of $524,778. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $169,900. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 8,1917 Channel 24 feet deep and 600 feet wide from San H. Doc. 515, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Francisco Bay to Ellis Slough (Santa Fe Channel); a turning basin at Point Potrero; a training wall. July 3, 1930 A 30-foot channel with lessened widths; a turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin at head of navigation. Doc. 16, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,19351 Increased project widths in inner harbor, maintenance Rivers and Harbors Committee of Santa Fe Channel to 30 feet; approach areas in Doc. 7, 73d Cong., 1st sess., and outer harbor to 32 feet. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 10, 74th Cong., 1st sess. June 20, 1938 Widening channel at Point Potrero and north thereof; H. Doc. 598, 75th Cong., 3d sess. enlarging and subsequently maintaining to 30-foot depth the turning basin at terminal No. 1. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 20 feet deep, 150 feet wide, in San Pablo Bay H. Doc. 715, 76th Cong., 3d sess. north of Point San Pablo. 2 Sept. 3,1954 Channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide adjacent to H. Doc. 395, 83d Cong., 2d sess. Southampton Shoal; enlarging and deepening ap- proach area to Richmond long wharf; widening and deepening inner harbor and entrance channels; deepening turning basin at Point Richmond and the southerly 2,000 feet of Santa Fe Channel. Elim- inates restriction that widening north of Point Potrero will not be undertaken until local interests have furnished assurances that industries will avail themselves of the improved navigation fa- cilities. 1Included in part in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2Contains latest published map. 1382 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. The act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all neces- sary easements for the improvement and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance; hold and save the United States free from all damages due to construction and mainte- nance of the work; and construct and maintain suitable wharves, shiploading facilities, and cargo-storage and handling facilities adjacent to the deepened portion of Santa Fe Channel, with the pro- vision that such wharves and facilities, intended for public use, shall be open to all on equal terms. All prior requirements of local coop- eration have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In the inner harbor there are 4 deepwater terminals, 2 oil distribution terminals, a shipyard, a rail car ferry terminal, 4 privately owned wharves, and several small wharves for the mooring of floating equipment. In the outer harbor there are 2 oil distribution terminals, a passenger and auto ferry terminal, a deepwater terminal, a privately owned wharf for handling sand and cement, and about 10 fish-receiving wharves. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 201,309 cubic yards of mate- rial from shoal areas in the inner harbor and 1,892 cubic yards from Santa Fe Channel, at a cost of $97,053; and condition and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $1,023. The total maintenance cost during the fiscal year was $98,076. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 26 percent complete. The work remaining to be accomplished is the widening of the channel north of Point Potrero and the dredging authorized by the act of September 3, 1954. Dredging of the project channels was initiated in 1918 and carried on intermittently until 1940. The training wall was completed in 1931, and the channel in San Pablo Bay in 1945. The controlling depths in the project channels on the dates indi- cated were as follows: April 1955, 28.5 feet in the channel from San Francisco Bay to the southerly end of Santa Fe Channel, and 28 feet in Santa Fe Channel; April 1951, 10 feet in the channel east of Point San Pablo; June 1953, 30 feet in approach to Point San Pablo and Point Orient; March 1955, 29 feet in approach to Richmond Long Wharf. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds___.......--- ... ..........-------------------------...... $709, 018 $1, 303, 955 $2, 012, 973 Public Works funds____ .... ---- ________ __--------- 105, 000-105, 000 Contributed funds ......- ______-- __---...--.-----... 524, 778 34, 800 559, 578 Total......._...-- ...--....---------- ------------- 1, 338, 796 1, 338, 755 2, 677, 551 RIVERS AND HARBORS SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1383 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated .. ----------- ------- ------------------------ $814, 018 Cost --------------------------------------------------------------------- 814, 018 Maintenance: Appropriated...--------- $46, 412 $111, 500 $114, 555 $59, 000 $96, 900 1, 303, 939 Cost....----------------- 91, 312 110, 597 114, 719 58, 922 98, 076 1, 303, 955 I Exclusive of contributed funds of $524,778 for new work and $34,800 for maintenance. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ . $500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____----_ -____._____ ___-- 500, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project _- - ----__ -1____________ ---- 1, 849, 982 12. OAKLAND HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is on the eastern side of San Francisco Bay, opposite the city of San Francisco. The inner harbor is situated be- tween the cities of Oakland and Alameda. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 5535.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, June 13, 1902, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1979 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1755 of Annual Report for 1921, and page 1674 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel to Oak- land Outer Harbor, 35 feet deep from deep water in San Francisco Bay and 800 feet wide across the shoal southeast of Yerba Buena Island, thence narrowing to 600 feet at Oakland Mole; thence a channel and turning basin 35 feet deep and from 600 to 950 feet wide in the outer harbor to the Army Base.. The project also provides for an entrance channel to Oakland Inner Harbor, 30 feet deep and 800 feet wide at the bayward end, narrowing to 600 feet wide at the ends of the Oakland jetties; a channel from the ends of the jetties 30 feet deep and 600 feet wide to the west end of Government Island, with additional widening to the pierhead line in front of the Grove and Market Street (formerly municipal) piers, and widening to within 75 feet of the pierhead line along the south side of the channel from Harrison Street eastward to harbor-line point 119 in Brooklyn Basin; a channel 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide through Brooklyn Basin; for dredging to a depth of 30 feet a triangular area about 2,700 feet long and of a maximum width of 300 feet at the western end of Brooklyn Basin; maintenance of a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide at the north end of Brooklyn Basin; a turning basin at the east end of Brooklyn Basin 30 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 1,200 feet long; a navigation channel in the tidal canal 30 feet deep and 275 feet wide from Brooklyn Basin to Park Street, thence 18 feet deep to San Leandro Bay; a total channel length of 81/2 miles from San Francisco Bay to San Leandro Bay. The project also includes parallel rubble-mound jetties at the entrance to the inner harbor, a north jetty 9,500 feet long and a south 1384 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 jetty 12,000 feet long; and three highway bridges across the tidal canal, two of which (at Park Street and High Street) have been replaced by local interests. The railroad and highway bridges at Fruitvale Avenue are being maintained and operated by the United States. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6 feet in the outer harbor and 6.3 feet in the inner harbor at the Park Street Bridge. The extreme range is about 11 feet. The project was completed in 1931 except for deepening the tidal canal above the Park Street Bridge to 25 feet. The cost of the com- pleted work was $2,622,031, exclusive of contributed funds in the amount of $83,547 and of amounts expended on previous projects. The uncompleted portion of the project is to be restudied. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $489,- 069. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $209,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23,1874 Jetties__---___ --- __---------- --------- _ - Annual Report, Part II, 1874, p. 378. June 25, 1910 North channel in Brooklyn Basin and tidal canal to H. Doc. 647, 61st Cong., 2d sess. 18 feet. Sept. 22, 1922 Channel across the shoal southeast of Yerba Buena H. Doc. 144, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Island, and thence to Webster St.; south channel in Brooklyn Basin; turning basin at the east end of Brooklyn Basin; and the channel in the tidal canal from Brooklyn Basin to Park St. Jan. 21,1927 Channel from Webster St. to Brooklyn Basin, the H. Doc. 407, 69th Cong., 1st sess.tl maintenance of the area to within 75 feet of the pier- head line south of the channel from Harrison St. to harbor line point 119 in Brooklyn Basin; dredging of a triangular strip about 2,700 feet long and maxi- mum width of 300 feet at western end of Brooklyn Basin. Apr. 28,1928 Local cooperation requirements modified to provide Public Res. 28, 70th Cong. that alteration or replacement of bridges by local interests shall apply only to that feature of the project covering the deepening of the tidal canal to 25 feet. The drawbridges across the tidal canal were required by the 1882 decree of the court in the condemnation proceedings whereby title was obtained to the right-of-way for the tidal canal. July 3, 1930 Entrance channel to the outer harbor, 800 feet to 600 Rivers and Harbors Committee feet wide. Doc. 43, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Mar. 2, 1945 Elimination of requirement that local interests con- H. Doc. 466, 77th Cong., 1st sess. tribute 10 cents per cubic yard toward deepening the tidal canal. Do- ..... Maintenance of 35-foot depth in channel to outer har- Report on file in Office, Chief of bor and in outer harbor channel and turning basin. Engineers. 1 Contain latest published maps. 2 Included deepening of tidal canal above Park Street Bridge to 25 feet, which is to be restudied. Local cooperation. The act of January 21, 1927, as modified by. the act of March 2, 1945, requires that local interests contribute one-half the cost of the entrance channel (400 feet wide) to the outer harbor and that the future maintenance by the United States of the north channel in Brooklyn Basin be contingent upon the removal by local interests of all sewers emptying therein, or, in lieu of such removal, upon the contribution of one-half the cost of maintenance RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1385 (H. Doc. 407, 69th Cong., 1st sess., and H. Doc. 466, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The first of the above requirements has been fulfilled. The others have not been fulfilled. In compliance with a 1910 license issued by the Secretary of War pursuant to provisions of the act of June 25, 1910, local interests have replaced the bridges at Park Street and High Street and are operating and maintaining them. They have been legally unable to continue to maintain, operate, or replace a combined railroad and highway bridge at Fruitvale Avenue because of a decision rendered by the California Court of Appeals that it was illegal for them to use appropriated funds for the sole benefit of a private corporation. The Southern Pacific Railroad Co. operated trains over the combined bridge until June 1951 when a separate railroad bridge, constructed for its use by the Federal Government, was placed in operation. (The railroad and highway bridges at Fruit- vale Ave. are maintained and operated by the United States.) Terminal facilities. In the inner harbor there are 64 wharves of which 36 are owned by the Port of Oakland, 7 shipyards, and numer- ous small boat moorings. In the outer harbor there are 5 wharves, owned by the Port of Oakland, and 2 privately owned ferry terminals. These facilities are exclusive of those owned by the United States and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the following work was performed at the indicated costs: Removal of 810,792 cubic yards of material from outer harbor by U. S. hopper dredge Rossell-_________ - ___-_____-_ ---- $118, 702 Removal of 34,623 cubic yards of material from inner harbor in vicinity of Government Island by U. S. hopper dredge Davison_ ________- -22, 931 Reconstruction of approaches to Fruitvale Avenue Highway Bridge, by contract----------------------------------------------89, 399 Miscellaneous rehabilitation of Fruitvale Avenue Highway and Rail- road bridges, by hired labor ____-- 12, 055 Operation and maintenance of Fruitvale Avenue Highway and Railroad bridges, by hired labor _------__ --------------------- 55,936 Condition and operation studies, by hired labor --..- _______- 1, 083 Adjustment of prior year contract cost in connection with dredging adjacent to 9th Avenue pier--------------- --- -- 103 Total maintenance during fiscal year--- --- ----- 300, 003 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1931 except for deepening the tidal canal above Park Street Bridge to 25 feet, which is to be restudied. The jetties were completed in 1.894. The 35-foot depth in the channel to the outer harbor was ob- tained in 1942 with military funds. The controlling depths in the project channels on the dates indicated were as follows: February 1955, 32 feet in the entrance channel to the outer harbor and in the outer harbor; July 1954, 28.5 feet in the entrance channel to the inner harbor; March 1955, 28.5 feet in the inner harbor to Fortmann Basin, 26.5 feet to the westerly end of Government Island, and 25 feet to Park Street Bridge; June 1952, 16 feet in tidal canal to Fruitvale Avenue Bridge; August 1950, 17 feet in tidal canal to San Leandro Bay, and 18 feet in north channel of Brooklyn Basin. 1386 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds ------------------------------------ $2, 622, 031 $4,789, 288 $7, 411, 319 Contributed funds__------------------------------------ 83, 547 _......---------------- 83, 547 Total. _ .. ------------------ 2, 705, 578 .--------------------- 4, 789, 288 7, 494, 866 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: ------------------- Appropriated--------...... -------------------------------- $5, 521, 263 Cost_------------ ------------------------------------------------------- 5, 521, 263 Maintenance: Appropriated---------......... $82, 275 $237, 000 $168, 250 $306,000 $195, 300 5,472,771 Cost__ ----------------- 531, 355 336, 207 143, 352 237, 056 300,003 3 5, 473, 316 1 Includes $2,899,232 for new work and $684,028 for mairtenance of previous projects. 2Exclusive of contributed funds of $83,547 for new work on the existing project. 8Includes $464,073 for operation and care of Fruitvale Avenue Bridges. 13. REDWOOD CITY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Redwood City Harbor is on Redwood Creek, a tributary of San Francisco Bay about 20 miles south of the city of San Fran- cisco. The project works also include a channel in San Francisco Bay east of Point San Bruno. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5531.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 5, 1884, and modified by the River and Har- bor Act of June 1'3, 1902. For further details, see page 1979 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1672 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 500 feet wide and 30 feet deep across San Bruno Shoal in San Francisco Bay; a chan- nel 300 feet wide and 30 feet deep to the vicinity of the confluence of West Point Slough and Redwood Creek, with a basin at that loca- tion 2,200 feet long and from 400 to 900 feet wide; thence a channel 400 feet wide, 30 feet deep, and approximately 1,300 feet long flaring to a second turning basin approximately 900 feet wide, 1,700 feet long, and 30 feet deep; thence a channel 150 feet wide and 5 feet deep ex- tending to Steinberger Slough. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.9 feet at Point San Bruno and 7.9 feet at Redwood City. The extreme ranges are estimated to be 12 feet and 13 feet at the respective localities. The authorized channel across San Bruno Shoal is about 41/3 miles long. In the creek, the authorized deep-water channel is 3.4 miles long including the basins, and the 5-foot channel extends to mile 4.3. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $1,752,000, exclusive of $119,572 contributed by local interests and of the amounts expended RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1387 on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $102,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 A 5-foot channel to Steinberger Slough- ..- __------. H. Doc.307, 61st Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 A 20-foot channel to West Point Slough .- H. Doc. 142, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 A 27-foot channel to West Point Slough and a turn- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing basin 27 feet deep, 1,800 feet long, and 700 feet Doc.10, 73d Cong., 1st sess. wide. Mar. 2, 1945 A 30-foot channel across San Bruno Shoal and en- H. Doc. 94, 79th Cong., 1st sess. larging and deepening the 27-foot channel and turning basin in Redwood Creek to 30 feet. May 17, 1950 Etending the 30-foot, channel 1,300 feet upstream H. Doc. 104, 81st Cong., 1st sess. and providing a second turning basin 30 feet deep, (contains latest published map). 900 feet wide and 1,700 feet long at junction of Red- wood Creek and Boundary Slough. Project name changed from Redwood Creek, Calif., to Redwood city Harbor, Calif. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, requires that local interests furnish areas for disposal of dredged material removed dur- ing maintenance; the requirements for new work have been fully com- plied with for work performed to date. No local cooperation is required by the act of March 2, 1945. The act of May 17, 1950, requires that the port of Redwood City give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that it will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all necessary land, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas with necessary impounding works, for the con- struction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works; (3) arrange with responsible local interests to relocate, without cost to the United States, the municipal yacht harbor and provide new facilities at least equal to those now available; (4) maintain at its own expense the existing public terminal and construct and maintain, without cost to the United States, an additional public wharf, sufficient in size to accommodate a modern cargo vessel, located on the proposed exten- sion of the project, with the understanding that all public terminals shall be open to all on equal terms. The board of port commissioners of the city of Redwood City has passed a resolution of intent to comply with these requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 3 municipally owned wharves, 4 privately owned wharves, a boat repair yard, a bulk salt loading facility, and a pleasure boat mooring in Redwood City Harbor. Local interests have definite plans for additional facilities to accommodate anticipated increases in commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 199,194 cubic yards of material from the entrance channel and outer turning basin at a cost of $77,837, and condition and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $769. The total maintenance costs during the fiscal year were $78,606. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 20 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the widening 1388 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and deepening of the channel across San Bruno Shoal, and of the channel and turning basin in Redwood Creek as authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, and the channel and turning basin in Redwood Creek as authorized by the act of May 17, 1950. The controlling depths in the various channels on the dates indi- cated were as follows: June 1955, 27 feet in San Bruno Shoal Chan- nel; May 1955, 26.5 feet in San Francisco Bay to the outer turning basin, and 24 feet in turning basin; May 1954, 10 feet to the municipal yacht harbor, and 3.5 feet to Steinberger Slough, except at extreme end of project where depth was 1.5 feet. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds---...---------------------------------- $129, 893 $671, 277 $801, 170 Contributed funds_.--....--------------------------------- 119, 572 ---------------- 119, 572 Total----...................-----.........----............--------------------..... - 249,465 671,277 920,742 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated--------..... ----------------- ------------------------ ------------ $161, 336 Cost-........------------....... ------------------------------- --------- 161, 336 Maintenance: Appropriated---.....--- $49, 800 $3, 000 $100, 725 $24, 000 $78, 270 671, 621 Cost ----------------- 49, 589 3,176 98, 373 26,119 78, 606 671, 277 1Includes $31,443 for new work on previous projects. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $119,572 for new work on existing project. Other new work data: Estimated- additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- ---- $1, 622, 107 .---- 14. MOSS LANDING HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is approximately 80 miles south of San Francisco Harbor on Monterey Bay about midway between the cities of Santa Cruz and Monterey. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5403.) Emisting project. This provides for an entrance channel 200 feet wide and 15 feet deep, protected by jetties, from Monterey Bay into the inner lagoon at Moss Landing, thence a channel in the lagoon, 100 feet wide, 15 feet deep, and approximately 3,200 feet long ex- tending southerly from the entrance, with a flared widening to a width of 200 feet for a length of 400 feet at the southerly end. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.3 feet with an estimated extreme range of 10.5 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1947, was $343,552. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $34,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1389 The existing project was authorized by the River .and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (Report on file in the Office of the Chief of Engineers.) No map has been published. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. Local interests are required to furnish necessary rights-of- way and suitably bulkheaded spoil-disposal areas for maintenance work. Terminal facilities. There are 5 piers, 1 of which has boat fueling facilities, 1 oil receiving terminal, and a number of mooring facilities within the protected harbor. Outside the harbor in Monterey Bay there is 1 privately owned submerged petroleum pipeline and 1 pier which is used for receipts of petroleum products. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condi- tion and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $4,041. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1947. The controlling depths in May 1955 were 10 feet in the entrance chan- nel, except 5 feet near the south edge of channel; 13 feet in the inner channel and turning basin. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $338,215 for new work and $870,180 for maintenance, a total of $1,208,395, exclusive of surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .. 338, 215 $------------------ Cost-------------------- -------------- ---- ----------------------- ---------- 1338, 215 Maintenance: Appropriated--------...... -- $36, 800 $3, 500 $134, 200 -$19, 000 $3, 700 870, 600 Cost__.------------- ---- 1,911 2, 886 79, 145 35, 907 4,041 2870, 180 1 Exclusive of $5,337 surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. 2 Exclusive of $8,539 surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. 15. MONTEREY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is about 90 miles south of San Francisco Bay, at the south end of Monterey Bay, an indentation in the coast of California. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5403.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912. No work was done. No expenditures were made. E'xisting project. This provides for a breakwater 1,700 feet long, with the shore connection extending about 750 feet due east from a point about half-way between Reeside Avenue and the Presidio boundary, and the outer section bearing about S. 70 ° E.; and a harbor depth of 8 feet adjacent to municipal wharf No. 1. The tidal r.:nge between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.5 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The project was completed in 1947 except for dredging the extreme 1390 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 shoreward limits of the project and constructing a sand trap. The cost of the completed work was $698,471. The uncompleted dredging and the sand trap portions of the project are to be restudied. The cost of these portions was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $217,529. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $22,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3,1930 Breakwater, 1,300 feet long ___-----------------_ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 12, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,19351 Extension of breakwater to length of 1,700 feet- _.....Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 45, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Harbor depth of 8 feet_______________________________ H. Doe. 266, 76th Cong., 1st sess.? 1 Previously authorized Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. 8Included a rubble sand trap, if required, which is to be restudied. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. Local interests are required to bear the excess cost of placing material from maintenance dredging in disposal areas of their selection. Terminal facilities. Within the protected harbor the existing commercial facilities consists of 2 publicly owned wharves with a total of about 2,600 feet of berthing space, 3 boat fueling stations, 2 net- tanning plants, 2 machine shops and other facilities for servicing fishing boats, exclusive of facilities owned by the United States. Out- side the protected harbor there are 1 boatbuilding and repair plant, 2 submarine pipelines between tanker moorings and shore plants for handling petroleum products, and other facilities for servicing fishing boats. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, con- dition, and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $996. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1947 except for dredging the extreme shoreward limits of the project and constructing a sand trap which are to be restudied. The breakwater was completed in 1937. The controlling depth in the completed portion of the harbor in August 1954 was 8.5 feet except in the extreme southerly portion which was 4 feet easterly of municipal wharf No. 1 and 2 feet westerly of municipal wharf No. 1. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs ___-.... Regular funds-..- ---. ......-- ---------------. $490,671 $51,900 $542,571 Public Works funds--_ :-_ 207, 800-.------------. - 207, 800 Total - --......................-............. 698,471 51,900 750,371 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1391 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing, fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955' priorto'1951 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------------------ $698, 471 Cost ---------__ _____.------------------. 698, 471 Maintenance: Appropriated-..._.... --$1, 175 $2, 500 $30, 925 -$3, 700 $400 51, 900 Cost ---------------------------- 2, 085 13, 574 13, 470 996 51, 900 16. NAWILIWILI HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the southeast coast of the island of Kauai, and about 100 nautical miles northwest of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4111.) Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater about 2,150 feet in length along the reef which separates this bay into an inner and an outer harbor; for an entrance channel 40 feet deep with a minimum width of 600 feet and a length of about 2,400 feet; for a harbor basin 35 feet deep, with a maximum width of 1,540 feet and a maximum length of 1,950 feet; and a revetted fill of approxi- mately 21 acres on the west side of the harbor. The plane of refer- ence is mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 1.8 feet. The extreme tidal range is about 4 feet. The latest (1955) estimate of cost of new work is $2,467,000, exclu- sive of funds to be contributed. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $33,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 An entrance channel 35 feet deep; a harbor basin H. Doc. 609, 62d Cong., 2d sess., 1,100 feet wide, 35 feet deep, and about 1,950 feet as modified by the Chief of long; and a rubble-mound breakwater. Engineers. Sept. 3,1954 Deepening entrance channel to 40 feet; enlarging har- H. Doc. 453, 83d Cong., 2d sess. bor basin; and constructing a revetted fill area. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed work. The act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests (1) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and quarrying rights necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvements, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvements; (3) contribute in cash a sum suffi- cient to pay for the total cost of construction of the revetment of the fill area; (4) maintain the revetment; (5) provide, maintain, and operate adequate terminal and transfer facilities open to all on equal terms; and (6) operate the improved harbor in accordance with regu- lations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. 363037-55-vol. 2- 88 1392 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local interests have indicated their willingness to fulfill the require- ments of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. The Territory of Hawaii owns a reinforced concrete wharf with two sheds thereon. Pipelines for kerosene, gaso- line, molasses, and water are available. There is also a bulk sugar plant of 28,000-ton storage capacity. The facilities of the harbor are open to all on equal terms and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, con- dition, and operation studies were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $6,906. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is approximately 49 percent complete. The work authorized by the act of March 2, 1919, was completed in 1930. The controlling depths in April 1955 were 31 feet in the entrance channel and 34.5 feet in the harbor basin except for critical points of 27.2 feet along the pier-berthing area. The costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds------------------------------------ $1, 197, 178 $339, 048 $1, 536, 226 Contributed funds----------. ....... ...--.....---------- . 200, 000 200, 000 Total-- ----------------------------------- 1, 397, 178 339, 048 1, 736, 226 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ..------ ..---..--------------...-------.....-----------------..------------..... $1, 197, 178 Cost----........---..-- -------------------------------------....------------ ------------ 1, 197, 178 Maintenance: Appropriated ------... $24, 956 $4, 006 $3, 450 $5, 000 $5, 432 344, 283 Cost...... ......------------------ 2, 930 31, 215 3,010 4,153 6, 906 2 339, 048 I Exclusive of contributed funds of $200,000 for new work. 2 Exclusive of $4,187 expended for rock stockpile. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ $500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____________________________________ 500, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project____________________________ 769, 822 17. PORT ALLEN HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is located in Hanapepe Bay on the southern coast of the island of Kauai, about 110 nautical miles northwest of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4108.) Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1393 about 1,200 feet long on the east side of the bay; for the dredging of a harbor basin about 1,200 feet wide, 1,500 feet long, and 35 feet deep; and an entrance channel 500 feet wide and 35 feet deep. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.7 feet, and the extreme tidal range under ordinary conditions is 2.7 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1948, was $752,645 exclusive of $200,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,19351 Construction of a breakwater 1,200 feet long; dredging H. Doc. 30, 73d Cong., 1st sess. of a harbor basin about 1,000 feet wide, 1,500 feet long, and 35 feet deep; and an entrance channel 500 feet wide and 35 feet deep. Mar. 2, 1945 Additional dredging of an area at the northerly side H. Doc. 180, 77th Cong., 1st sess. of the existing project, 200 feet wide, 1,200 feet long, (contains latest published map). and 35 feet deep. I Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The Territory of Hawaii owns a concrete wharf with a concrete-steel transit shed. The wharf is operated by the, Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners, and is open to shipping on equal terms. Pipelines for oil and molasses and a sugar conveyor are available. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and resilts during fiscal year. As maintenance, condi- tion and operation studies were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $2,812. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1948. The work authorized by the act of August 30, 1935, was com- pleted in September 1935. The controlling depth in May 1955 was 30 feet in the harbor basin. The costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds ... -------- ------------------------ ---- $72,645 $83, 677 $156, 322 Public Works funds..---------------------------------- 680,000 ---------------- 680, 000 Contributed funds--.............................--------------------------------- 200,000 ---------------- 200,000 Total....................----...........------------------------------------ 952,645 83,677 1.036, 322 1394 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: A ppropriated ..... - ------------. ------------.-------- .--- --- ........... .--- 645 $752, Cost-------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 752,645 Maintenance: Appropriated .....- - $485 $4, 000 $3, 100 $5, 000 -$1, 350 83, 598 Cost-----------------..... 3, 718 2, 737 2, 760 2, 521 2,812 83, 677 1Exclusive of contributed funds of $200,000 for new work. 18. KEEHI LAGOON, T. H. Location. Keehi Lagoon is on the south coast of the island of Oahu, approximately midway between the entrance to Honolulu Har- bor and the entrance to Pearl Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Charts Nos. 4132 and 4110.) Existing project. This provides for construction of a seaplane harbor as follows: a. Three intersecting runways (designated A, B, and I) on project map), each 10 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, of lengths 2.9 miles, 3 miles, and 2.25 miles, respectively. b. Two rock breakwaters of lengths 2,500 lineal feet and 2,000 lineal feet at the seaward ends of the runways. c. A mooring basin 800 feet long by 400 feet wide by 10 feet deep at the northwesterly side and midway of runway A. (Note. As a wartime measure, the basin was enlarged to 3,000 feet long by 500 feet wide.) d. Installation of a standard seaplane lighting system. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.9 feet, and the extreme tidal range under ordinary conditions is 2.3 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1944, was $3,348,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Oct. 17,1940 Construction of a seaplane harbor of 3 intersecting H. Doc. 329, 76th Cong., 1st sess. runways (A, B, and C) each 10 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, of lengths 2.9 miles, 3 miles, and 1.4 miles, respectively, with 2 protecting breakwaters at the seaward ends thereof; a mooring basin, and stand- ard seaplane lighting system. Mar. 2,1945 Elimination of runway C and protective breakwater H. Doc. 379, 77th Cong., 1st sess. and construction of runway D, about 2.25 miles (contains latest published map). long, 1,000 feet wide, and 10 feet deep, with pro- tective breakwater at the seaward end. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The Act of October 17, 1940, requires that local interests fur- nish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1395 rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas as and when required for maintenance. Terminal facilities. Shore facilities are available for servicing of seaplanes and are considered adequate. Operations and results during' fiscal year. As maintenance, con- dition and operation studies were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $68. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in September 1944, except that no work was done on the rock break- waters at the seaward ends of the runways. The controlling depths in January 1954 were 9.6 feet in runway A, 10 feet in runway B, and 10 feet in runway D. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $3,348,000 for new work and $41,857 for maintenance, a total of $3,389,857. In addition, $276,674 was paid from funds of the fol- lowing agencies for new work: $92,526, Navy funds; $177,619, Civil Aeronautics Authority funds; and $6,529, military funds. Cost and financial summaiy Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated .... ........-----------------------------------------------.. . . ------------ $3,348,000 Cost-------------------------------------------------------------------3,348,000 Maintenance: Appropriated---------........ $4, 614 ---------- $5, 725 $5, 000 -$82 41,857 Cost---------- -------- 4,801------------ - 5, 702 4,873 68 41, 857 1 Exclusive of the respective funds provided by the following agencies. Navy..........---------.......-------------------------- -----------------------......... $92, 526 CAA......-----......---------..........-----------................------------------------------------........... 177, 619 ------------------------------------------------------------- Military.....-------------....................... 6, 529 Total----.................---------.....-----------------------------------------------.. 276,674 19. HONOLULU HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the south coast of the island of Oahu, about 2,100 nautical miles from San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4109.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 40 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 4,000 feet long; an outer harbor basin 35 feet deep, about 1,520 feet wide, and 3,300 feet long; a channel connecting the outer harbor basin with Kapalama Basin, 35 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide through the first 1,000 feet, thence 600 feet wide for a distance of 2,400 feet; an inner harbor basin (Kapalama Basin) 35 feet deep, about 1,000 feet wide, and 3,400 feet long; a slip on the easterly side of pier 39, 35 feet deep and 1,000 feet long; a second entrance channel extending seaward from the west end of Kapalama Basin, 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide for 5,850 feet, thence increasing to a width of 1,000 feet in a distance of 4,150 feet; and installation of a pontoon drawbridge or other suitable movable-type bridge across the second entrance channel, having a minimum clear horizontal draw opening of 200 feet. 1396 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.9 feet, and the extreme tidal range under ordinary conditions is 2.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $7,192,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000.. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1905 Deepening to 35 feet the inner harbor with a general Annual Report, 1905, p. 2565. width of 1,200 feet and easing the curve between the entrance channel and the inner harbor. Aug. 8,1917 _ For the channel 1,000 feet long------- ____ _ _ _ H. Doc. 392, 64th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Channel connecting Honolulu Harbor and Kapa- H. Doc. 753, 69th Cong., 2d sess. lama Basin. Aug. 30,19351 Enlarging entrance channel to present project dimen- H. Doc. 54, 73d Cong., 1st sess. sions, widening of the harbor basin by 320 feet and the maintenance of the improved 400-foot wide por- tion of the reserved chitnel. July 24,1946 A depth of 35 feet over the full width of 600 feet H. Doc. 705, 79th Cong., 2d sess. throughout the reserved channel; a turning basin in Kapalama Basin 35 feet deep by 1,000 feet wide and 3,000 feet long; and a slip of like depth 1,000 feet long on the easterly side of pier 39. Sept. 3,1954 The second entrance channel; and installation of a H. Doc. 717, 81st Cong., 2d sess. movable-type bridge across the 2d entrance channel. (contains latest published map). 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of September 3, 1954, requires local interests to (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenanc of the project, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works; and (3) relinquish to the United States, without royalty charge, all salvageable material removed from the channel; and (4) take title to the proposed drawbridge after construction and maintain and operate it in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Sec- retary of the Army. Local interests have indicated that all requirements of local coopera- tion will be met. By Act 105, Session Laws of Hawaii of 1949, the Board of Harbor Commissioners, Territory of Hawaii, was authorized to operate and pay for operation of the drawbridge across the pro- posed new channel. Terminal facilities. There are 37 piers and 2 marginal wharves (a 470-foot concrete wharf and a 2,600-foot timber wharf). The Federal Government owns 4 of the piers and the 2 marginal wharves. Of the remaining piers, 15 are owned by the Territory of Hawaii, ad- ministered by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners, and 18 are privately owned. Construction of a new freight terminal at pier 2 by the Territory of Hawaii was completed in May 1955. A bulk sugar plant of 30,000-ton storage capacity was completed at pier 19 in April 1955. All piers owned by the Territory and private concerns are open to all on equal terms. However, certain piers are reserved for certain commodities such as oil, pineapples, and bulk sugar, and RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1397 bulk cement. Pipelines for diesel oil, fuel oil, kerosene, gasoline, distillate, molasses, and water are available. In addition to these facilities, the United States Army has con- structed a slip for the mooring of barges and small vessels in the northerly side of Kapalama Basin adjacent to the storage and termi- nal facilities in the vicinity of the United States owned piers 39 and 40. There is a definite need for a powder and explosive terminal since existing facilities do not permit the proper handling of this type of cargo. Establishment of an anchorage area in or nearby Honolulu Harbor is desired for the mooring of idle craft. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, con- dition and operation studies were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $8,058. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 55 percent complete. The work authorized prior to 1954 was completed in August 1945. The controlling depths in April 1955 were 40 feet in the entrance channel, 33 feet in the harbor basin, 28 feet in the connecting channel, 34 feet in Kapalama Basin, and 30.4 feet in the slip easterly of pier 39. The costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- --- __..._ _- -_- .....__$3, .___ 952, 363 Cost_ .... -.- ---.- __------ - - -------------- -_ 3, 952, 363 Maintenance: Appropriated -$3, 201 $8, 000 $12, 660 $16., 000 $3, 500 602, 690 Cost_ - - 3, 865 6, 310 13, 516 12, 429 8, 058 602, 842 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------- $3, 239, 637 20. KAUNAKAKAI HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is located centrally on the southern coast of the island of Molokai, about 52 nautical miles southeast of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4121.) Emisting project. This provides for dredging a harbor basin about 1,500 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 23 feet deep at mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher 1398 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 high water is 2 feet and the extreme tidal range for normal conditions is about 2.5 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1934, was $103,200. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the Public Works Adminis- tration, September 6, 1933, and adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 35, 73d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, provides that no expense shall be incurred by the United States in acquiring any lands or easements required for maintenance of the project. Terminal facilities. There is one concrete wharf owned by the Ter- ritory of Hawaii, operated by the Terminal Board of Harbor Com- missioners, and open to shipping on equal terms. The facilities are considered adequate. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condi- tion and operation studies were made by.hired labor at apost of $131. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in January 1934. The controlling depth in October 1953 was 22 feet in the harbor basin. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds _----............ . ... ....._._ _.. ......---------------- $55, 512 $55, 512 Public Works funds .-..........--------.............. $103, 200 ........---------------- 103, 200 Total......---------------------------------------- 103, 200 55, 512 158, 712 Cost and.financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .... ......... . ....-. $103, 200 Cost - -- - - ----------- ------------- 103, 200 Maintenance: Appropriated _ -$356 $2, 500 $2, 800 -$468 55, 512 Cost ---------- ------- 2, 342 2, 359 131 55, 512 21. KAHULUI HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the north coast of the island of Maui, about 90 nautical miles southeast of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4105.) Existing project. This provides for the extension of a total length of 2,850 feet of the privately constructed rubble-mound breakwater on the east side of the harbor, for a rubble-mound breakwater on the RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1399 west side with an approximate length of 2,396 feet, an entrance 600 feet wide between the breakwaters to a basin in the lee of the east breakwater 35 feet deep and about 2,000 feet long with a maximum width of 1,450 feet. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2.4 feet and the extreme tidal range under normal conditions is 3.4 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1931, was $1,778,560. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $54,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Extending the east breakwater and dredging the H. Doc. 593, 61st Cong., 2d sess. . basin. July 27,1916 For the west breakwater H. Doc. 1330, 62d Cong., 3d sess.1 Jan. 21, 1927 Extension of both breakwaters and enlargement of H. Doc. 235, 69th Cong., 1st sess. the dredged basin. 1 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two wharves at the end of the harbor, both owned by the Territory of Hawaii. They are oper- ated by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners, and are open to shipping on equal terms. Pipelines for fuel oil, distillate, kerosene, gasoline, molasses, and water are available. Facilities available for storing and conveying sugar in bulk consist of a 30,000-ton wooden storage building and conveying belts of various widths. Pier No. 1 is being extended to provide adequate berth- ing for 2 freighters, and upon completion the facilities will be con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, con- dition and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $8,192. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in December 1931. The controlling depth in June 1955 was 30.5 feet in the harbor basin. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $1,778,560 for new work and $1,031,166 for maintenance, a total of $2,809,726. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- . - __. $1, 778, 560 Cost------------ -. - . - -_ -1, . 778, 560 Maintenance: Appropriated_ - - - -$38 $105, 400 -$22, 854 $6, 200 $5, 300 1,030, 961 Cost---------------------------- 5,033 81, 361 6, 241 8,192 1,031,166 1400 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 22. KAWAIHAE HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is in Kawaihae Bay, adjacent to the town of Kawaihae, and is on the northwest coast of the island of Hawaii, approximately 45 miles northwesterly from Hilo, island of Hawaii. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4166.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 400 feet wide and approximately 2,900 feet long to a depth of 40 feet; a harbor basin 1,250 feet square to a depth of 35 feet; and a protective break- water with maximum crest elevation 13 feet above mean lower low water and approximately 4,400 feet long, of which 3,200 feet would be protected with heavy stone revetment. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tides between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2.1 feet, and the extreme range under ordinary conditions is 4.5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $6,150,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 311, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, requires that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will (1) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required, to include specifically properties land- ward of the harbor basin and breakwater from the shoreline to the paved public highway; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project; (3) provide and maintain at their own expense adequate public terminal and transfer facilities open to all on equal terms; and (4) accomplish without cost to the United States all necessary alterations in water supply, sewerage, drainage, and other utilities. The Board of Harbor Commissioners of the Territory of Hawaii, by resolution adopted May 27, 1955, has indicated that it will comply with all requirements of local cooperation. The Legislature of the Terri- tory, by Act 95 Session Laws 1947, authorized the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners to expend $1,000,000 for harbor facilities at Kawaihae, upon approval and development of the project by the Federal Government. The Kohala Sugar Co. would abandon its wholly owned subsidiary, the Mahukona Terminals, Ltd., which repre- sents a substantial investment, and is prepared to participate jointly with other sugar companies to finance the installation of bulk sugar handling facilities at Kawaihae. By Act No. 136 of the 1953 session of the Territorial Legislature, the Board of Harbor Commissioners was authorized to provide partial harbor improvements at Kawaihae at a cost of $500,000. Of this amount, $300,000 was authorized for dredging a channel and harbor basin and $200,000 was authorized for construction of terminal facili- ties and acquisition of lands and rights-of-way. The Territory of Hawaii has completed a channel 200 feet wide, 1,800 feet long, and 20 feet deep, and a turning basin 250 feet square and 10 feet deep, in the vicinity of the proposed site of the Federal project. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1401 Terminal facilities. There is a paved barge landing, approximately 60 feet wide and 400 feet long, along the recently dredged Territorial channel. The Territory of Hawaii is constructing a pier shed on the landing. There is also a pier approximately 2,200 feet northwesterly from the location of the proposed project. It is 60 feet wide and 104 feet long, and provides 60 feet of wharf frontage and about 1,800 square feet of storage area. An approach to the pier extends 323 feet offshore and consists of a reinforced concrete substructure, 130 feet of timber decking, and 193 feet of reinforced concrete slab. There is a light hoist available for handling freight, and a cattle chute for handling livestock. The pier and barge landing are owned and administered by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners and are open to all on equal terms. The existing facilities are considered unsuitable for existing com- merce and inadequate to permit year-round trans-Pacific and inter- island shipping, and to meet the increasing shipping needs of the communities of the western half of the island of Hawaii. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design was accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $23,265. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the project. A design memorandum has been substantially completed. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $23,265, for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: C ost-- -- -- ...- . - -..--- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - Appropriated Cost - - --. --. 23,265 $50, 000 23, 265 2$ 50 $50, 000 23, 265 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------_ $26, 735 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_______ 26, 735 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_______________________-___-----_ 6, 100, 000 23. HILO HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the northeast coast of the island of Hawaii, about 195 nautical miles southeast of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4103.) Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater 10,170 feet long; an entrance to Kuhio Bay 35 feet deep; and a harbor basin 1,400 feet wide, about 2,300 feet long, and 35 feet deep. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tides between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2.3 feet, and the extreme range under ordinary conditions is 3.2 feet. 1402 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1930, was $3,408,826. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 For rubble-mound breakwater ------------------- H. Doc. 407, 59th Cong., 2d sess. July 25,1912 Dredging the entrance to Kuhio Bay without in- H. Doc. 417, 62d Cong., 2d sess. creasing the original limit of cost. Mar. 3, 1925 Extension of the breakwater and dredging in the H. Doc. 235, 68th Cong., 1st sess.' bay. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are three wharves at the head of Kuhio Bay, owned by the Territory odfHawaii. They are operated by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners, and are open to ship- ping on equal terms. Pipelines for fuel oil, Diesel oil, distillate, kerosene, gasoline, molasses, and water are available. There is also a bulk sugar plant of 40,000-ton storage capacity. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condi- tion and operation studies were made by hired labor at a cost of $5,532. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in July 1930. The controlling depth in June 1955 was 34 feet in the harbor basin. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $3,408,826 for new work and $1,641,477 for maintenance, a total of $5,050,303. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ... ----------- ------------------------ ------------ ------------ $3, 408, 826 Cost----------- - ----------------------------------------------- .-------------- 3, 408, 826 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ........--- $8,466 $82, 994 -$5, 240 $6, 200 $2, 668 1, 643, 107 Cost--------------- --- 1 618 80, 116 2, 258 5, 532 1, 641, 477 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1403 24. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Lower San Francisco Bay, Calif-......... _ 1935 _------ __--_-- -___-_- - 1$450, 000 2. Halfmoon Bay, Calif ----------------------- _ 1954 2 $36, 875 ---------------- 6, 713, 125 3. Welles Harbor, Midway Island 3_ _ .---- 1950 2, 488, 056 $2, 111 4. Wake Island Harbor_----------------------- 1950 _-- _-__ 414, 493 3, 610, 000 1Improvement inactive. Estimate of cost, exclusive of $260,000 to be contributed by local interests, was last revised in 1954. 2 For engineering and design, which was approximately 4h.percent complete oh:June 30,:1952. 3 Project completed in 1941 and maintenance transferred to the Department of the Navy. 4 For a hydrographic survey completed in August 1948. 25. RUSSIAN RIVER, CALIF. Location. The Russian River rises in the Coast Range in north- western California, flows southerly for a distance of 87 miles, and then turns westerly to flow for 23 miles to the Pacific Ocean at Jenner, 60 miles northwest of San Francisco, Calif. (For the general loca- tion see U. S. Geological Survey map for the State of California.) Existing project. The authorized project provides for the con- struction of the initial stage of the plan of improvement consisting of Coyote Valley Reservoir on the East Fork of Russian River ap- proximately 0.8 mile above the mouth of that tributary and channel stabilization works on the lower 97 miles of the Russian River and on the lower reaches of several tributaries. The dam is an earthfill type with a crest length of 2,800 feet at elevation 782, mean sea level datum, and a height above the streambed of approximately 160 feet. A paved overflow spillway, having a fixed crest at elevation 763 and a crest length of 200 feet, will be located in an existing saddle ap- proximately 0.6 mile upstream from the left abutment. Gated outlet works, located through the dam, will provide capacity to empty the flood control storage in about 4 days. The dam will create a reser- voir having a capacity at spillway crest of 122,500 acre-feet, of which 48,000 acre-feet are reserved for flood control and the remainder for water conservation and siltation. The dam will control runoff from 105 square miles of drainage area. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $16,600,000, exclusive of $5,598,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of Coyote Valley Reservoir is $18,900. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 585, 81st Cong., 2d sess. as modified by the Chief of Engineers). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvements are subject to the condition that prior to starting construction, local interests shall contribute the sum of $5,598,000 in cash in full payment of the conservation benefits, and shall (1) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the channel stabilization works; (2) make all necessary road and bridge 1404 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 revisions and utility alterations and relocations required for the chan- nel stabilization works; (3) adjust all claims concerning water arising from the construction and operation of the improvements; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (5) maintain the channel stabilization works, after comple- tion, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; (6) prevent any encroachment on the stream channel which would interfere with the proper functioning of the improve- ments or lessen their beneficial effects; and, (7) enter into an agree- ment among themselves as to the method of operation of the reservoir for conservation subject to flood control priority. Sonoma'and Mendocino Counties formed legally constituted flood control and water conservation districts in 1949 as an initial step toward meeting the requirements of local cooperation. In addition, they have engaged consultants to make independent engineering and financial appraisals of the authorized project as a basis for allocating the required cash contribution between the two counties. A success- ful bond election, held in Sonoma County on May 10, 1955, author- ized a bonded indebtedness of $5,650,000 to provide for the full amount of the cash contribution required for the project and for costs and expenses incidental thereto. In addition, a bonded indebtedness of $8,500,000 'was authorized to provide a local water distribution system. The Board of Directors of the Sonoma County flood control and water conservation district, by Resolution No. SA 6847 dated May 25, 1955, guaranteed fulfillment of all local cooperation required for the project except that pertaining to the channel stabilization works to be constructed outside the boundaries of Sonoma County. The County of Mendocino is planning a bond election in October 1955 after a determination of the equitable allocation of cash con- tribution costs between the counties of Sonoma and Mendocino. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design of the Coyote Valley Reservoir and channel stabilization works was continued by hired labor at a cost of $191,900 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been performed on the project. Engineering and design is approximately 66 percent complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $567,145 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated- - __. --.... .---------.--. $226, 000 $170, 000 $190, 000 $586, 000 Cost-.... - -- 175, 142 200, 104 191, 900 567, 145 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $6, 977 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------- 506, 977 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------_ 15, 514, 000 FLOOD CONTROIr--SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1405 26. SAN LORENZO CREEK, CALIF. Location. San Lorenzo Creek, located in Alameda County, Calif., on the eastern side of San Francisco Bay, flows in a general westerly direction and enters the bay at a point about 10 miles southeast of the city of Oakland. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles, Pleasan- ton, Hayward, and San Leandro.) Existing project. This provides for a leveed and riprapped channel extending about 1.4 miles upstream from the mouth; thence a con- crete-lined channel for a distance of approximately 3.9 miles; thence channel clearing and stabilization works to the head of the project; a total improved channel length of approximately 7.3 miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $4,060,000 exclusive of funds to be contributed. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (H.Doc. 452, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project; (2) make all necessary vehicular bridge and utility alterations or replacements; (3) contribute 2.6 percent of the actual cost of the channel improvements, levees, and railroad bridge revisions, or per- form the equivalent thereof in construction of such improvements; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (5) maintain and operate the project after com- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (6) prevent encroachment on the project channels which might interfere with their proper functioning for flood control. The Alameda County flood control and water conservation district, by Resolution No. 73 dated January 15, 1953, and supplemented by Resolution No. 96 dated July 21, 1953, has indicated its willingness and intent to fulfill the requirements of local cooperation. In 1953 local interests passed a $6,954,000 bond issue to construct storm- drainage and flood control improvements to supplement those proposed in the Federal project, and have since expended approximately $485,- 000 for acquisition of lands, easements, and rights-of-way and modifi- cations to bridges and utilities required for the project and for con- struction of emergency improvements. Operationsand results duringfiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on the project. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -- $25, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------- 25, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project------------------------------_ -- 4, 035, OC0 27. SAN LORENZO RIVER, CALIF. Location. San Lorenzo River, in Santa Cruz County, Calif., flows in a general southeasterly direction from the Santa Cruz Mountains through the city of Santa Cruz where it enters Monterey Bay, about 1406 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 73 miles south of San Francisco. Branciforte Creek joins the river from the left bank within the city of Santa Cruz. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey quadrangle, Ben Lomond.) Existing project. This provides for levees and floodwalls along San Lorenzo River below mile 2.4, together with minor channel im- provements, and channel improvement and rectification of Branciforte Creek below mile 0.96, all within the city of Santa Cruz. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $2,630,000 exclusive of funds to be contributed. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 447, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests (1) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) make all necessary bridge and utility revisions and re- placements or in lieu thereof contribute in cash the cost of that work; (3) make a cash contribution equal to 8.9 percent of the project cost; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (5) maintain and operate all works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (6) prevent any encroachment in the project chan- nels which would interfere with their proper functioning for flood control. The city of Santa Cruz, by letter dated April 11, 1951, and Resolu- tion No. NS 1242 dated June 9, 1953, approved and endorsed the plans for improvement recommended in the project report. On May 9, 1955, local interests were requested to furnish additional assur- ance of their willingness and ability to meet the requirements of local cooperation, particularly with regard to the cash contribution require- ment of 8.9 percent of the project cost which was added at the time the project was authorized. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on this project. Cost of Financial Sumanary Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _____________ $2, 630, 000 28. HANAPEPE RIVER, T. H. Location. This river is on the southwest portion of the island of Kauai, T. H., northwest of the town of Hanapepe. Existing project. This provides for construction, along the left bank of the river, of a 370-foot earth levee, commencing at the new Kauai Belt Highway Bridge about one-half mile above the river mouth; thence a 1,720-foot reinforced concrete floodwall extending to the clifs at the northeast corner of the town of Hanapepe. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $356,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, in accordance with the recommenda- tions of the Chief of Engineers in a report submitted to Congress by the Secretary of War on March 15, 1944. FLOOD CONTROL-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1407 Local cooperation. Local interests are required to (1) furnish lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) bear the expense of all highway alterations, of re- moving the existing railroad trestle near the river mouth, and of replacing this trestle with a satisfactory structure if replacement is required; (3) hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from construction of the works; and (4) maintain and operate all works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. The railroad trestle was removed in 1948. Bill No. 165, resolution No. 152, adopted October 3, 1951, by the Board of Supervisors, County of Kauai, providing formal assurance of local cooperation, was ac- cepted by the district engineer March 10, 1952. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, engineer- ing and design was continued by hired labor at a cost of $2,386. Conditionat end of fiscal year. No construction has been performed on this project. Engineering and design is more than three-fourths complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $26,841 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- _____ _ _ .... - -$7, 271 $8, 300 $8, 600 -$2, 330 $27, 299 __ Cost ... - _..... $2,457 63 2, 867 8, 859 2, 386 26,841 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - -- $458 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------------------------------- 458 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ------------------------------- 328, 701 29. KAWAINUI SWAMP, T. H. Location. This swamp is in the southeasterly portion of the island of Oahu, in the Kailua district, 13 miles northeasterly of Honolulu. Existing project. This provides for an unlined tidewater flood channel, 9,525 feet long, 105 feet wide on the bottom, and an average of 13 feet deep inthe main portion; and a concrete and timber control structure 350 feet wide at the inlet to the channel; with such modifica- tion as the Chief of Engineers may consider advisable. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $951,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doe. No. 214, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to: (1) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent 363037- 55-vol. 2--89 1408 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 maintenance of the project; (2) construct all highway and street bridges, alterations, and other related works made necessary by the construction of the project; (3) hold and save the United States free from any damages resulting from the construction and maintenance of the works; (4) maintain and operate all works after completion of the project in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secre- tary of the Army. Local interests have indicated their willingness to furnish the required items of cooperation and have initiated measures to provide them. At the 1951 session of the Territorial Legislature, the sum of $325,000 was authorized for flood control purposes at Kailua. The Department of Public Works, Territory of Hawaii, has constructed an emergency flood control channel, at a cost of approximately $159,000, along the alinement of the Federal proposed project; a rein- forced concrete bridge at Kalaheo Avenue at a cost of approximately $87,000; and has acquired lands, easements, and rights-of-way at a cost of approximately $28,000. To date, local interests have expended $274,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, engineer- ing and design was continued by hired labor at a cost of $8,256. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been performed on the project. Engineering and design is approximately 73 percent complete. The cost of the existing :project to the end of the fiscal year was $35,799. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--.......---------- $28, 000 $3, 000 $8, 700 -$100 $39, 600 Cost--------------------- ------- 5, 213 15,345 6, 985 8, 256 35, 799 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $3, 801 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------------------------------ ---------- --- 3, 801 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------------------------- 911, 400 30. WAILOA STREAM AND TRIBUTARIES, T. H. Location. Wailoa Stream is within the city of Hilo on the north- easterly side of the island of Hawaii. The Waiakea and Kawili Streams, tributaries of Wailoa Stream, have their sources about 10 miles southwest of the city of Hilo. Existing project. This provides for construction of a diversion dike and channel to combine the flows of Kawili Stream with those of Waiakea Stream above the city of Hilo; improvement of the pres- ent Waiakea channel embankments to contain the combined flows within the channel at certain low points between the point of diversion and the residential area; and construction of a new channel outlet for Waiakea Stream from the sinkholes just above Kinoole Street to FLOOD CONTROL-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1409 Waiakea Pond, with necessary flanking levees along the lower portion of its length. The latest (1955) estimate of cost of new work is $371,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of Septem- ber 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 529, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. The act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) construct all necessary culverts, bridges, street revisions, and utility relocations; (3) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (4) maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have indicated their willingness to fulfill the require- ments of local cooperation. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on this project. Cost and financial summary Other new work data : Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project____________________ $371,.000 31. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated amount Name of project see Annual Operation required t Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Eel River, Calif 1938 --------------------------- ............. 1$866, 000 2. Napa River above2 - - - - (Conn - - - - - Reservoir) - - - - - - Creek - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Suscol, Calif. ......... 1100, 000 3. Pajaro River, Calif.: a. Levees on Pajaro River and Carnadero - - - ---- Creek__-_ --- 1950 $748, 283 ....-........ (3) b. Levee on Corralitos Creek------------- 1950-----------------_ 1 39, 717 4. Salinas River, Calif_ ----------------------- 1952 4 89, 925 __--------_- - 8, 000, 075 1 Improvement inactive. Estimate of cost was last revised in 1954. 2 Authorized by the Flood Control Act approved Dec. 22, 1944, in accordance with H. Doc. 626, 78th Oong., 2d sess. Local interests subsequently constructed a reservoir for domestic water supply at the same site as that proposed by the United States for flood control. Remaining work authorized to be accomplished by Federal Government consists of channel clearing. 3 Completed. 4 For engineering and design, which was approximately 32 percent complete on June 30, 1952. a Improvement to be restudied. Estimate of cost was last revised in 1954. 32. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended and supplemented, included the requirement that local in- terests maintain and operate flood control works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1955, completed flood-control projects transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance were inspected by hired labor at a cost of $199. 1410 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated---------... $750 ------------ $1,800 $900..... $3, 450 Cost___ 750 ------------ 1,684 815 $199 3, 447 33. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1955, as new work, snagging and clearing of the channels of lao Stream, Maui, T. H., was com- pleted by contract at a cost of $46,410. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.....--------. ------------ $50,000 $24, 930 $47, 186 -$1, 068 $296, 298 Cost __------------- 420 $35, 779 12, 59, 485 052 18, 410 46, 298 296, Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year, as new work, channel clearing and construc- tion of a levee along the North Fork of Mud River at Blue Lake, Calif., for the protection of agricultural and industrial lands, was initiated by contract at a cost of $78,324. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated...------ ------------- $24, 852 $4, 000 $6, 000 $136, 200 $219, 948 Cost----------------- $67, 406 792 3, 003 2, 569 78, 324 157, 152 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_---------- $35, 605 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------- ---------- 35, 605 Flood control emergencies--Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). During the fiscal year, as maintenance, advance preparation for flood emergencies and postflood reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $6,489. SHORE PROTECTION-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1411 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- $20, 000 $62, 641 -$2, 935 $2, 506 $9, 506 $91, 718 Cost........... ______ 17, 641 55, 360 6, 061 3, 150 6, 489 88, 701 34. WAIKIKI BEACH, T. H., BEACH EROSION CONTROL Location. Waikiki Beach is located in the city of Honolulu on the south shore of the island of Oahu between Diamond Head and the entrance to Honolulu Harbor. Existing project. This provides for Federal participation by the contribution of Federal funds in an amount equal to one-third of the first cost of measures for the protection and improvement of the pub- licly owned portions of the shore of Waikiki Beach from the War Memorial Natatorium to the southeast boundary of Fort DeRussy under a plan comprising artificial placement of suitable sandfill to widen the beach berm to widths of 75 to 150 feet, and construction of 1,200 feet of terrace wall, 2 groins, and appurtenant drainage facilities, the construction of the groins and approximately 800 feet of wall to be deferred until experience with the project indicates the need therefor. The latest (1955) estimate of cost of the Federal participation for new work is $308,000. The project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of Sep- tember 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 227, 83d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Federal participation in the project was author- ized subject to the conditions that local interests (1) adopt the above plan of protection and improvement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers, prior to commencement of work, detailed plans and specifications for the project and also arrangements for prosecut- ing the work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way; and (4) give assurances satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers that they will (a) maintain the protective and improvement measures during their useful life, as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) not permit water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the shore upon which the amount of Federal participa- tion is based, and its administration for public use only. To date, local interests have expended $452,000 for the construction of a groin, concrete walls, and for dredging and placement of sandfill. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No contribution has been made by the Federal Government to the project. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project .------------ - $308, 000 1412 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 35. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS During the fiscal year, hired labor costs of $98,590 were incurred in the preparation of preliminary examinations, surveys, reviews, special studies, and cooperative studies authorized by Congress for naviga- tion, flood control, and beach erosion. The expenditures were $90,103 from regular funds and $8,487 from contributed funds, a total of $98,590. The balance unexpended June 30, 1955, $19,517, plus an anticipated allotment of $305,500 for fiscal year 1956, a total of $325,017 will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1955------------------------------------- $3,016 Examinations, surveys, reviews, special studies, and cooperative studies for navigation, flood control, and beach erosion ------------------- 322, 001 Total ----------------------------------------------- ----- 325, 017 36. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA During the fiscal year, flood investigations and flood emergency studies were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $358. The ex- penditures were $358 from regular funds. The balance unexpended June 30, 1955, $897, will be applied to the collection and study of basic data during fiscal year 1956. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT This district comprises the basins of Suisun Bay and the San Joa- quin and Sacramento Rivers, in California, and Goose Lake in Or- egon; the basins of the Great Salt Lake and Sevier Lake, in Utah; and the intervening portion of the Great Basin in northern Nevada and northern California. IMPROVEMENTS Rivers and Harbors Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Sacramento River, Calif ... 1413 15. Big Dry Creek Reservoir and 2. Suisun Channel, Calif 1421 Diversion, California .... 1457 3. Suisun Bay Channel, Calif _ 1422 16. Kings River and Tulare Lake, 4. Old River, Calif_ 1424 including Pine Flat Reser- 5. San Joaquin River, Calif - 1426 voir, Calif_ 1459 6. Stockton and Mormon Chan- 17. Kaweah and Tule Rivers, ir- nels (diverting canal), eluding Terminus and Suc- Calif 1432 cess Reservoirs, Calif .. 1462 7. Other authorized navigation 18. Isabella Reservoir, Kern projects- 1434 River, Calif_ 1464 19. Truckee River and tributar- Flood Control ies, California and Nevada_ 1467 8. Sacramento River and tribu- 20. Salt Lake City, Jordan taries, California, from Col- River, Utah_ . 1468 linsville to Shasta Dam__ 1434 21. Spanish Fork River, Utah-- 1469 9. Middle Creek, Calif_ __ -__ 1438 22. Other authorized flood con- 10. Folsom Reservoir, Sacra- trol projects_ 1471 mento River Basin, Calif_ 1439 23. Inspection of completed 11. American River, California- 1442 works_ 1471 12. Calaveras River and Little- 24. Flood control work under john Creek and tributaries, 1472 including Hogan and special authorization-.... Farmington Reservoirs- 25. Scheduling of flood control Calif ------------------ 1443 operations_ --------- 1473 13. Lower San Joaquin River and tributaries, including Tuol- General Investigations umne and Stanislaus Riv- ers, Calif---------------1448 26. Examinations and surveys-- 1473 14. Merced County Stream group, 27. Collection and study of basic California_ 1453 data_ 1474 1. SACRAMENTO RIVER, CALIF. Location. Sacramento River rises in the Trinity Mountains in north-central California, flows in a general southerly direction about 374 miles and empties into Suisun Bay, an arm of San Francisco Bay, at Collinsville, Calif. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic map of the Sacramento Valley, Calif.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1875, and provided for improvement of the low water channels in the Sacramento River and for snagging and construction of temporary wing dams in the Feather River, a tributary entering the Sacramento River about 16 miles above the city of Sacra- 1413 1414 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 mento. The project was subsequently modified by the River and Harbor Acts adopted August 2, 1882, December 21, 1889, July 13, 1892, and August 18, 1894. These modifications provided for dredging in the Sacramento and Feather Rivers and for restraining barriers (for mining debris) in the Yuba, Bear, and American Rivers, tributaries of the Sacramento River, as an aid to navigation; for improving navi- gation by repairing damages caused by floods; for a snag boat above Sacramento; removal of obstructions in the lower Sacramento River; further treatment of the Yuba River near and above the city of Marysville and improvement of the navigable channel of the Feather River; and for treatment of the Bear River and construction of a cutoff on the Feather River to avoid Shanghai Bend. For further details see page 1985, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1708, Annual Report for 1938. Ecisting project. The project provides for construction of the Sacramento River Deepwater Ship Channel from deep water in Suisun Bay to Washington Lake, 11/2 miles west of the Sacramento River at the city of Sacramento, a distance of 43 miles, construction of a harbor and turning basin at Washington Lake, and a connecting canal with navigation lock from the harbor to the Sacramento River. The proj- ect also provides for a shallow draft channel ten feet deep at mean lower low water, 150 to 200 feet bottom width, from Suisun Bay to Sacramento, Calif., a distance of 60 miles; a depth of 6 feet at low water between Sacramento and Colusa, a distance of 85 miles; a depth of 5 feet at low water between Colusa and Chico Landing, a distance of 50 miles; and such depths as practicable between Chico Landing and Red Bluff, a distance of 52 miles. The deepwater channel will be formed by widening and deepening existing channels for the first 18 miles above Suisun Bay to 6 miles above Rio Vista and excavation of a new channel for the remaining 25 miles to Washington Lake to a depth of 30 feet at mean lower low water with a bottom width of 200 to 300 feet, including related con- fining embankments and such works as may be necessary to compen- sate for or to alleviate any possible detrimental effects on salinity of Delta tidal channels which might result from the ship channel. The triangular harbor and turning basin will be formed by deepening and widening Washington Lake to a depth of 30 feet at mean lower low water, 2,400 feet by 2,000 feet by 3,400 feet, with provision for future enlargement. The construction of the 11/-mile long canal 13 feet deep and 120 feet wide between the harbor and the Sacramento River, to- gether with a navigation lock 86 feet wide by 600 feet long, will provide for the transfer of barges between the two different water surface elevations. A single leaf combination highway and railroad bascule bridge will cross the canal at the harbor end of the navigation lock. Local interests will construct, operate and maintain an adequate public terminal with necessary utilities and rail and highway connec- tions at the harbor. Above Sacramento the results are to be obtained by removal of snags and concentration of the channel by dredging and wing dams, and by streamflow regulation by the Shasta Reservoir. The 10-foot channel below Sacramento was completed in 1931 and the 6-foot channel be- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1415 tween Sacramento and Colusa was completed in 1946; these channels are to be maintained for local navigation. The following table shows the tidal and flood conditions prevailing: in feet Miles from _Range Place mouth of river Mean Extreme Ordinary Extreme tidal 1 tidal 1 flood flood Collinsville 0_ 00_.. 5. 8 7. 0 8 10 Sacramento .... 59 2 2. 0 3. 0 20 28 Verona (mouth of Feather River)........ 80 -.. .. Trace 22 30 Colusa---------------------------------- 144 -------- - - 26 32 Chico Landing ..----------------------------. 193 ------------------------- 20 25 Red Bluff _2-.-...... 246 -------------------- 24 30 1 Mean lower low water to mean higher high water. 2 Tide at low water season only. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $37,500,000 (exclusive of $298,000 Federal cost (Coast Guard) for navigation aids) for the 30-foot deepwater ship channel and 13-foot deep connecting canal, and $942,000 for shallow-draft river channels, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimated (July 1955) cost to local interests for deep-draft new work is $2,990,000 for lands, easements, and rights-of-way, spoil-disposal areas for the initial work, and necessary utility changes, exclusive of costs for port facilities. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $205,000 for the deepwater channel and 13-foot connecting canal, and $250,000 for shallow-draft channels. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents i Mar. 3, 1899 A depth of 7 feet below Sacramento ............... H. Does. 186, 55th Cong., 2d sess. and 48, 55th Cong., 3d sess. (Annual Report, 1898, p. 2944, and 1899, p. 3171.) 1 July 25, 1912 For work above Sacramento___. ..---..-..........-- H. Doc. 76, 62d Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21, 1927 The 10-foot channel up to Sacramento_ -- - H. Doc. 123, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 A depth of 6 feet between Sacramento and Colusa and Rivers and Harbors Committee, 5 feet between Colusa and Chico Landing, at a Doc. 35, 73d Cong., 2d sess. cost of $390,000 provided the flow of the river is increased to the minimum flow of 5,000 cubic feet per second after Shasta Reservoir is built. Do --_ _- Authority for a special direct participation of the Rivers and Harbors Committee Federal Government of $12,000,000 in the cost of Doc. 35, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Shasta Reservoir. Aug. 26, 1937 Transfer of authority for expenditure of the above $12,000,000 from the Secretary of War to the Secre- tary of the Interior. July 24, 1946 Modification of the existing navigation project for S. Doc. 142, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Sacramento River, Calif, to provide for construc- tion of a ship channel 30 feet deep and 200 to 300 feet wide from deep water in Suisun Bay to Washington Lake, including such works as may be necessary to compensate for or to alleviate any detrimental salin- ity conditions resulting from the ship channel; a triangular basin of equal depth, 2,400 feet by 2,000 feet by 3,400 feet at Washington Lake; and connect- ing channel 13 feet deep and 120 feet wide, with lock and draw bridge, thence to Sacramento River. 3This document contains latest published map of the section above Sacramento. For map of the section below Sacramento, see H. Doc. 1123, 60th Cong., 2d sess. and S. Doc. 142, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 1416 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Recommended modification of project. In House Document No. 1893, 64th Congress, 2d session, it was recommended that Chico Land- ing, about 52 miles downstream from Red Bluff, be made the head of the improvement. Local cooperation. The improvement for the deepwater channel is subject to the condition that responsible local interests give assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) Furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and sub- sequent maintenance when and as required and make all necessary utility changes necessary for the construction of the project; (2) Construct, operate, and maintain at the Washington Lake basin an adequate public terminal with necessary utilities and rail and high- way connections open to all on equal terms; and (3) Hold and save the United States free from any damages which may arise from construction, operation, and maintenance of the improvement. The Sacramento-Yolo Port District was formed under the laws of the State of California in April 1947 for the purposes of carrying out the required local cooperation. A total bond issue of $3,750,000 was authorized by the voters in November 1947, and bonds in the amount of $1,750,000 have been sold to date. The California State Legislature appropriated $750,000 in June 1947 to assist in the acquisition of rights-of-way. The required assurances have been furnished and were approved by the Secretary of the Army on February 3, 1948. The Sacramento-Yolo Port District has furnished all lands, rights- of-way, and easements required for project purposes to date, and, in addition, has acquired a portion of the rights-of-way required for future construction. A master plan covering development of terminal facilities has been prepared for the future development of the port. The port district has completed construction of a 500,000-bushel grain elevator, placed in operation in June 1950, together with necessary railroad, highway and appurtenant facilities. Additional facilities in the port industrial area include a private rice dryer and rice eleva- tor, constructed by the Farmers' Rice Growers Corporation at an expenditure of $1,000,000 and placed in operation in October 1953. These facilities are served by the port belt railroad and by highway connections. This cooperative group contemplates further construc- tion in the near future consisting of a rice mill and warehouse to be connected with the drying and storage facilities. The current (1955) estimate of cost to local interests for terminal facilities is $5,000,000. The sum of $500,000 was advanced to the United States in June 1949 to accelerate construction, of which $300,000 has been returned to the port authority. No local cooperation is required on the shallow-draft feature of the project. Terminal facilities. All of the piers, wharves, and docks at the port of Sacramento are open pile structures with timber decks, some of which are designed to meet the extreme high waters at flood stages. Eleven facilities are located along the east bank, or Sacramento side, of the river, and 10 are on the west bank at Broderick, West Sacra- RIVERS AND: HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1417 mento, and points below. Of the 21 pier, wharf, and dock facilities at the port, 9 are used for receipt of petroleum products, with 955 linear feet of berthing space; 2 are general cargo wharves, with 592 linear feet berthing space and 40,000 square feet of transit shed storage area; 2 are used for the receipt and shipment of sacked rice with 150 linear feet of berthing space; and 1 is receiving point for Diesel oil used in the gas and electric powerplant with 130 linear feet of berthing space. Four facilities, providing 1,620 linear feet of berthing space and com- prised mainly of floats, are used for mooring and servicing recreational craft; the 3 remaining wharves provide 1,292 linear feet of berthing space but are not operated from the waterside, however, the 39,885 square feet of transit sheds are occupied for storage purposes. These facilities provide a total of 4,739 linear feet of berthing space, with 79,885 square feet of transit sheds, of which 40,000 square feet are available for receipt and shipment of general cargo. All the preced- ing is for shallow-draft navigation. All the main wharves at Sacra- mento have rail connections. Municipal belt railroad tracks serve the shedded wharves from the rear. Ten public warehouses, located within a radius of 31/2 miles from the waterfront, provide 305,000 square feet of space for dry cargo and approximately 3,074,000 cubic feet of space for the cold storage of perishable foods. The amount of storage space at Sacramento varies according to the season of the year owing to the great amounts of rice, fruits, vegetables, and other commodities that are produced in the Sacramento Valley. Thirteen of the waterfront facilities are served by 1 or more of the 4 carriers operating in the port area. Two of the carriers are trunk- line railroads and two are interurban electric lines operated for freight service; all traverse the rich agricultural areas and provide connec- tions with other transcontinental and local carriers. All waterborne movements to and from the port are transported by shallow-draft river steamers, tank barges, and freight barges, and will continue to be handled thus until such time as the authorized deepwater ship channel is completed. Two grain elevators are located at the port. One, handling rice exclusively, is located on the river at West Sacramento, and is served by two wharves. The elevator, a warehouse, and storage bins have a combined capacity of approximately 1 million 100-pound sacks of rice. The other elevator, the port district grain elevator, has a capacity of 500,000 bushels of barley, wheat, or other grains in its 12 concrete silos. It is located near Washington Lake, on the site of the new port development to be built upon completion of the deep- water channel. Construction of a new rice plant in the port district area is currently under way by the Farmers Rice Growers Coopera- tive. The first units of the plant will be utilized for rice storage and drying facilities; these facilities were completed in time for the 1953-54 crop season. The plant will be enlarged with the addition of a mill next year. The new plant will have a capacity of more than four hundred thousand 100-pound bags of rice and there will be 40 storage bins. These facilities are all serviced by rail and highway facilities. Between Sacramento and Chico Landing there are 47 warehouses 1418 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and numerous small landings. Several oil companies have recently made major capital investments for the storage of petroleum products in the vicinity of Colusa. Freight is also handled on the bank. On the river channels, between Sacramento and the mouth of the river, there are, in addition to 1,440 linear feet of wharf with warehouse facilities at Rio Vista, 19 large wharves, about 38 large warehouses, and many small warehouses and landings all owned and operated by private interests. The facilities below Sacramento, except at Rio Vista, are for shallow-draft navigation. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. The total tonnage along the project channels, including the port of Sacramento, in 1953 was 1,972,059 tons. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: There were no new work operations on the shallow-draft portion of the project. New work activities for the deep-draft channel to Sacramento con- sisted of office engineering and design studies. Total costs during the fiscal year for new work on the deep-draft channel were $55,201, from funds advanced by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District. Mainte- nance: Preliminary surveys, preparation of plans and specifications, condition surveys of the channel, acquisition of new spoil area, and miscellaneous inspections and reports were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. In addition, maintenance operations were performed as follows: a. Above Sacramento (shallow-draft). Snagging and clearing of the channel at scattered locations between Sacramento and Colusa was accomplished by hired labor and rented equipment. Repairs to wing dams at scattered locations between Sacramento and Verona were accomplished by contract. b. At and below Sacramento (shallow-draft). Dredging of shoals in Steamboat Slough by hired labor and rented clamshell dredge, resulted in the removal of 71,045 cubic yards of material from the channel. Dredging of shoals in the Sacramento River, from Y Street to Bryte Bend, by contract suction dredge, resulted in the removal of 396,216 cubic yards of material. Total costs for maintenance during the fiscal year for both sections of shallow-draft channels were $361,933. c. Sacramento River (deep-draft). Stone bank protection at Egbert Tract, near Rio Vista, was accomplished by contract at a cost of $63,344. In addition, minor engineering (nonproject) was accomplished for the Sacramento-Yolo Port District at its expense in connection with design of utilities at a cost of $77. Total costs for all work during the fiscal year were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States funds___________. _______________________ __________ _ $425, 277 $425, 277 Advanced funds (by Sacramento-Yolo Port District)___ $55, 201 55, 201 Contributed funds (nonproject) ...... ....------------------------ 77 77 Total of all funds . -.-............. ........... 55, 278 425, 277 480, 555 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1419 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the 7-foot shal- low-draft below Sacramento was initiated in September 1899 and completed in 1904. The modified 10-foot shallow-draft up to Sacra- mento was initiated in fiscal year 1928 and completed in 1931. The shallow-draft channel above Sacramento was initiated in April 1946. New work on the shallow-draft channel is about 62 precent complete, The work remaining to complete the shallow-draft portion of the project is the provision of a 5-foot depth between Colusa and Chico Landing (50 miles), subject results to be obtained by removal of snags, construction of wing dams, concentration of the channel by temporary works, and streamflow regulation of 5,000 second-feet by operation of Shasta Reservoir. Construction of the 30-foot deepwater ship channel, under the modification authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, was initiated in July 1949 and is about 6 percent complete. Construction of road, railroad, and levee embankments in the harbor area was completed by contracts in October 1949 and February 1950.. Excavation of the ship channel together with necessary levee recon- struction, mile 14.1 to mile 17.8, by contract, was completed in October 1951. Further new construction has been suspended since that date in accordance with Presidential directive dated July 21, 1950. Prep- aration of plans and specifications for the project are about 30 per- cent complete. Work remaining to complete the deep-draft portion of the project is construction of the lock with gates and operating equipment, barge canal, bascule bridge, bank protection and levees, channel and turning basin, and pumping plants and drainage facilities. The entire project as modified is about 8 percent complete. The controlling low water season depths were as follows: From the mouth of the river to Sacramento, 8 feet; thence to Colusa, 6 feet; thence to Chico Landing, 2 feet; and thence to Red Bluff, head of navigation, 1.5 feet. The channel is navigable during the entire year; however, there is no regular navigation above Sidds Landing, 178 miles above the mouth of the river. Annual maintenance dredging is required in both sections of the shallow-draft channel to remove accumulated shoals caused by settle- ment of floodborne sand and silt to provide the project depths in satis- factory condition to accommodate navigation requirements. Mainte- nance was performed in 1952, consisting of bank protection along Ryer Island and Egbert Tract, along the deep-draft channel to repair serious erosion caused by tidal action and wave wash due to construe- tion of the ship channel; however, the erosion continued and extension of the bank protection work on the Egbert Tract levee was accom- plished in 1955. 1420 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States funds: Shallow-draft...---------------------------------- $585,436 $6, 500, 743 $7, 086, 179 30-foot channel ....--------------------------------- 2, 308, 758 187, 840 2, 496, 598 Total United States funds----------------------- 2, 894, 194 6, 688, 583 9, 582, 777 Advanced funds: 1 30-foot channel ...........---------------- 188, 255 ---------------- 188, 255 Contributed funds (nonproject), 30-foot channel 2.... 172, 186 ................ 172, 186 Total, all funds..----...........................----------------------.. --- 3, 254, 635 6, 688, 583 9, 943, 218 1 Funds advanced to the United States by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District. 2Miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished for the Sacramento-Yolo Port District at its expense in connection with excavation of the ship channel and necessary levee reconstruction cost. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated..--------...... $263, 000 _------------ $8, 819 ------------------- 2 3 $3, 079, 392 Cost---....-----------1, 510, 456 $17,760 10, 000 ----------------------- 3 3, 079, 392 Maintenance: Appropriated....---------. 172, 079 330, 784 286, 972 $467,200 $234, 209 4 7, 276, 917 Cost------ ----------- 137, 115 188, 684 380, 993 326, 839 425, 277 57, 242, 303 1 Includes $185,198 for new work and $553,720 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $585,436 for existing shallow-draft project and $2,308,758 for deep-draft project; these amounts are exclusive of funds advanced by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District for the deep-draft channel, which are listed on a separate summary. 8In addition, $172,186 was expended from contributed funds for miscellaneous construction and engineer- ing and design services (nonproject) accomplished at the expense of the Sacramento-Yolo Port District in connection with acquisition of rights-of-way and utility alterations. 4 Includes $6,535,357 for existing shallow-draft project and $187,840 for deep-draft project. 5 Includes $6,500,743 for existing shallow-draft project and $187,840 for deep-draft project. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $500, 000 -- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------- 500, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------- 35, 047, 806 ADVANCE FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ..... -$200, 000 --------- ------------------------------------ $200, 000 Cost ........... $112, 305 ....------------------------- $3, 047 $17, 702 $55, 201 188, 255 I Refund of advanced funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ $9, 634 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------------ 9,634 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-_ - - --- - - 200, 000 sTo be refunded to Sacramento-Yolo Port District from future project appropriations. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1421 2. SUISUN CHANNEL, CALIF. Location. Suisun Channel is the project channel in Suisun Slough, a tidal inlet with its mouth on the northwest side of Suisun Bay, about 7 miles northeast of Benicia and 36 miles northeast of San Francisco. The head of navigation is at the city of Suisun, about 13 miles north of the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5534.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 8 feet deep at mean lower low water from Suisun Bay to and in the basin at the city of Suisun, about 13 miles in length, straightened by four cutoffs in the upper portion; channel widths to be 200 feet in the bar channel, 100 feet in the cutoffs, and a minimum of 125 feet in the remaining parts of the project channel; widening 4 bends located 5, 51/2, 71/2, and 121/2 miles below Suisun; the removal of ledge rock from the channel at a location about 31/2 miles below Suisun; and a 1,400 by 150-foot harbor at Suisun, with an extension for a turning basin 275 feet wide and 600 feet long. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 5 feet during the low water season, with an extreme range of 10 feet. The total Federal cost of new work for the project, completed in 1947, was $217,677, and the latest (1955) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 To secure a channel up to Suisun, 6 feet deep at low H. Doc. 1110, 60th Cong., 2d sess. water, by dredging and making a cutoff just below the town. Mar. 4, 1913 Pursuant to this act the project was modified by the Assistant Secretary of War to provide for dredging a channel 125 feet wide on the bottom and 6 feet deep, mean lower low water, up to and including a harbor 6 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and 1,400 feet long in front of the town of Suisun, and the removal of a rock about 3 miles below the head of navigation. Aug. 26, 1937 Depth of 8 feet with a width of 200 feet in the bar chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee nel and 100 feet in cutoffs; widening 4 bends below Doc. 97, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Suisun; removal of ledge rock and extension of the (contains latest published map). harbor at Suisun to provide a turning basin. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance, un- dertake any necessary reconstruction of the powerline crossing over the proposed cutoff near Suisun, and provide at Suisun adequate public terminal facilities subject to the approval of the Chief of Engineers. These requirements have been fulfilled except for the public terminals, which will be completed when materials are avail- able at reasonable cost. Terminal facilities. There are 3 wharves in the city of Suisun, with a total of 600 feet of berthing space. There is also warehouse space of 33,500 square feet, and an oil storage terminal. These are all privately owned and operated and will be increased in compliance with the provisions of local cooperation, as land has been purchased, 1422 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 financing arranged, and plans have been prepared for construction when materials are available at reasonable cost. Certain facilities are in use for military purposes. The total tonnage through the channel in 1953 was 48,959 tons. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Opera- tions during the year consisted of preliminary surveys, condition sur- veys of the channel, and miscellaneous inspections and reports, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. In addition, a contract suction dredge removed 67,097 cubic yards of material from the mouth of the channel in Suisun Bay. Total costs during the fiscal year were $29,927 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The construction of new work was initiated in March 1912; improvement of the channel modifica- tion authorized in 1937 was initiated in May 1946 and completed in June 1947. The channel is navigable during the entire year; head of navigation is in the city of Suisun, Calif., about 400 feet above Sacramento Street. The controlling depth is 7 feet in the channel and harbor basin at mean lower low water. Maintenance dredging is required to remove accumulated shoals to assure adequate project depths. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1955, were $321,111, of which $217,677 was for new work and $103,434 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated - --- - - --- -- - -- - ___-_ $217, 677 Cost------ -------- --------- ----- -------- -217, 677 Maintenance: Appropriated-ost_ -$3, 215 $10, 000 $4, 800 $1, 000 $67, 256 140, 763 Cost - - -- ------ 10, 000 4, 577 1, 223 29, 927 103, 434 3. SUISUN BAY CHANNEL, CALIF. Location. Suisun Bay is about 30 miles northeast of San Francisco, Calif., and is an integral part of the waterways which provide access to the Pacific Ocean from inland ports of California. Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers flow to a junction and empty into Suisun Bay near Collinsville, and New York Slough, a distributary of San Joaquin River, leads to the head of Suisun Bay at Pittsburg, Calif. The port of Sacramento is situated on the Sacramento River about 60 miles north of Collinsville; the city of Stockton is on the San Joaquin River about 40 miles above Pittsburg and access to the city has been provided by Stockton Deepwater Channel. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5534.) Previous project. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919, provided for a channel 300 feet wide from Martin z to Antioch, Calif., 24 feet deep across the lower shoal near Bulls Head Point, 20 feet deep across Point Edith and Middle Ground Shoals, and 18 feet deep through New York Slough; all depths refer to mean lower low water. Local interests were required to contribute toward the first cost of construction and to provide spoil area together with the required RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1423 impounding levees. For further details, see page 1756 of Annual Report for 1920, page 1562 of Annual Report for 1926, and page 1714: of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 300 feet wide and' 30 feet deep through Bulls Head Point, Point Edith, and Middle Ground Shoals to the mouth of New York Slough, a distance of about 13 miles, nd for a channel 250 feet wide and 20 feet deep south of Seal Island from the main channel at Point Edith, mile 3, to the main channel again at Bay Point, mile 6. All depths refer to mean, lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 6 feet. The extreme range is about 9.5 feet. The total Federal cost of new work for the existing project, con- pleted in 1934, exclusive of work accomplished under the public works program as part of the San Joaquin River 30-foot project, was $142,026, and the latest (1955) approved estimate for annual (Fed- eral) cost of maintenance is $90,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts : Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Jan. 21, 1927 For a 26-foot channel through the bay _______.. _ H. Doc. 554, 68th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 The 30-foot channel across Bulls Head Point Shoal Rivers and Harbors Committee and for the 20-foot channel south of Seal Islands. Doc. 23, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19352 A 30-foot channel through Bulls Head Point, Point Senate committee print, 73d Cong., Edith, and Middle Ground Shoals to the mouth of 1st sess. (San Joaquin River and New York Slough. Stockton Channel, Calif.). 1 The latest published map is in Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 4, 70th Cong., 1st sess. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Along the channel between the western end of the bay and mouth of New York Slough, there are 3 wharves and 2 car-ferry slips, all privately owned and used. Also, a naval magazine with wharves and warehouses has been constructed at Port Chicago, on the southern shore (mile 6). These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. The total tonnage through the channel in 1953 was 7,417,117 tons. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Opera- tions during the year accomplished by hired labor included prelim- inary surveys, preparation of plans and specifications, miscellaneous inspections and reports, and condition surveys. The Government- owned hopper dredge Davison was utilized to remove 84,759 cubic yards of material in maintenance dredging at scattered locations in Suisun Bay Channel. Total costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $57,579. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work under the existing proj- ect was initiated in June 1930 and completed in 1934; a portion of this work was accomplished under the Public Works program. The portion of the existing project authorized prior to the Public Works program was completed in 1931 except for deepening the 26-foot chan- nel across Bulls HIead Point Shoal to 30 feet; this portion was subse- 363037- 55--vol. 2---90 1424 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 quently included in the Public Works program. Work under the Public Works program was accomplished during 1933 and 1934. The channel is navigable during the entire year and provides access to San Francisco Bay from the navigation channels of San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers. The controlling depth at mean lower low water in the main channel is 28 feet, and in the channel south of Seal Island is 14 feet. Annual dredging is required to maintain the project depth and width in a satisfactory manner without undue interference to essential navigation requirements. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1955, exclusive of the work performed under the Public Works program at a cost of $207,198 as a part of the San Joaquin River 30-foot project, were $1,088,119, of which $142,026 was for new work and $946,093 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated ........ ------------------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 3 $200, 928 Cost-------- --------------------------------------------------------- - 3 200, 928 Maintenance: Appropriated..------.. ... -$381 $62, 000 $66, 875 $69, 900 $57, 450 1, 005, 937 Cost----------------- 16, 310 64, 180 66, 710 69, 909 57, 579 1, 005, 910 1 Includes $58,901 for new work and $59,817 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $59,551 for new work and $5,449 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds for the previous project. 3 Exclusive of work accomplished under existing project at a cost of $207,198 from Public Works Adminis- tration funds allotted to San Joaquin River. 4. OLD RIVER, CALIF. Location. Old River is the most westerly branch of the intercon- necting tidal channels into which the San Joaquin River divides in crossing its delta. It leaves the main river 21/2 miles downstream from the Mossdale State Highway Bridge, or 131/2 miles above the mouth of Stockton Channel, and flows westerly and northerly 32 miles to its lower confluence with the main river 23 miles above its mouth in Suisun Bay. Existing project. This project extends along Old River from its mouth near Venice Island to its source in the San Joaquin River near Mossdale and provides for a side channel 10 feet deep and 80 feet wide to Santa Fe wharves and Phillips cannery at Orwood; for chan- nels 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Grant Line Canal west of Doughty Cut, 10 feet deep and 80 feet wide from the westerly end of Doughty Cut to the Holly Sugar factory, 2 miles north of Tracy, 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide from the southerly end of Doughty Cut to head of Old River, and 6 feet deep and 80 feet wide in Old River from the westerly end of Grant Line Canal to Lammers Ferry Road; and for entrances 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide to Fabian-Bell Canal at its westerly end and also westerly of Grant Line Bridge. All depths are referred to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the head of Old River is about 3 feet; and at its mouth about 5.5 feet; ordinary flood ranges are, respectively, 16 feet and 8 feet; extreme flood ranges are, respectively, 20 feet and 11 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1425 The Federal cost of new work for the completed portion was $23,185; the latest (July 1955) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $30,000. The uncompleted portion of the project, consisting of completion of the project channels at Orwood, from Crocker Cut to the head of Old River, and in the original channel of Old River from Grant Line Canal up to Lammers Ferry Road, is considered to be inactive and has been excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in July 1954, and was estimated to be $62,815. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 151, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish without cost to the United States all necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as necessary, and to agree to provide public landings satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers on each side of the proposed channel in the Old River near Lammers Ferry Road and on the Fabian-Bell Canal west of Grant Line Bridge. Spoil-disposal areas have been provided for those channels so far completed. Terminal facilities. The Santa Fe Railroad has a warehouse and wharf at Orwood for transfer of farm produce from boat to rail. The Phillips cannery at Orwood has similar facilities. The Holly Sugar Company refinery and terminal near Tracy has a large wharf and an unloading basin with three mechanical unloading and convey- ing units connecting with a warehouse; there is also a passing basin one-half mile downstream. There are about 100 private bank landings along the project channels; some have sheds for storage. These are all privately owned and operated. Public landings should be provided as set forth above under "Local cooperation." The total tonnage through the channels of the project in 1953 was 227,836 tons. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Opera- tions during the year consisted of miscellaneous inspections and re- ports, including maintenance of gages and gage readings, and condition surveys of the channel, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. Total costs during the fiscal year were $4,895 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work was accomplished in fiscal year 1939 in Old River Channel from its head in San Joaquin River to Grant Line Canal and in the channels of Grant Line Canal, Crocker Cut, and Doughty Cut. Existing commerce does not indi- cate a need for completion of the remaining channel construction. The channel is navigable during the entire year and provides the only avenue of water transportation from the delta islands to certain agricultural processing plants. It is necessary to perform annual maintenance dredging to maintain full channel dimensions in order to accommodate the using trafic. The 2 heads of navigation are at the head of Old River in San Joaquin River, and at the Holly Sugar Factory wharf, 2 miles north of Tracy. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were: From the mouth of the river to Orwood, 1426 RE'PORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 11 miles, 10 feet; thence to the lower end of Grant Line Canal, 10 miles, 10 feet; thence (1) to Holly Sugar Factory near Tracy, 8 feet (low water season), or (2) to head of Old River in San Joaquin River, 5 feet (low water season). All depths refer to mean lower low water. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1955, were $309,487, of which $23,185 was for new work and $286,302 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated --------------------------------- ---- $23, 185 Cost - 23, 185 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ $28, 184 -$1, 997 $21, 003 $34, 400 $4, 550 286, 655 Cost 29, 238 21, 003 33, 702 4, 895 286, 302 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project___________ _-_- _ - - (1) 1Exclusive of the uncompleted portion of the project, which is considered to be inactive. The cost of this portion is $62,815 (July 1954 index). 5. SAN JOAQUIN RIVER, CALIF. Location. San Joaquin River rises in east Central California in the Sierra Nevada about 25 miles southeast of the Yosemite Valley and flows southwesterly to the town of Mendota, thence northerly to its confluence with Sacramento River about 48 miles northeast of San Francisco to empty into Suisun Bay near Collinsville, Cali- fornia. Total length of the river is about 340 miles. Near the mouth, a distributary channel, New York Slough, 3 miles long, leads to the head of Suisun Bay at Pittsburg; thence a deep channel extends through this bay and others to San Francisco. The city of Stockton is on the east side of San Joaquin River about 40 miles above Pitts- burg and access to the city has been provided by Stockton Channel, an artificial cut extending from the river about 21/4 niles into the city. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Sheet No. 5527.) Exsting project. This improvement, as authorized by the River and Harbor Acts through May 17, 1950 (Public Law 516, 81st Cong.), provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and for channel bottom width of 400 feet below Criminal Point (near river mile 25) and 225 feet above that point, from the mouth of New York Slough to Mormon Channel at Stockton, a distance of 41 miles (suit- ably widened at bends and at the entrances to New York Slough and to channels through shoals, with levees set back 230 feet from the center of the channel) ; for a channel 30 feet deep and 150 feet wide thence to Weber Point, 1 mile; for a 9-foot depth, thence to the head of navigation at Eldorado Street, one-half mile; for a 9-foot depth at Fremont Channel and McLeod Lake, arms of Stockton ( hannel; RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1427 and for a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Mormon Channel from its mouth to Washington Street, head of navigation, about 1 mile. It also provides for suitable passing basins and a turning basin 30 feet deep, 960 feet wide and 1,900 feet long at Stockton; for a turning basin 30 feet deep, 600 feet wide and 1,350 feet long adjacent to Rough and Ready Island; for a triangular shaped settling basin 30 feet deep and average side length of about 1,000 feet at the San Joaquin River just above its junction with the deepwater channel (mile 42) and a ,second settling basin 30 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 1,200 feet long adjoining the deepwater channel at the mouth of Calaveras River; for dredging an additional settling basin 17 feet deep, 600 feet wide and 2,000 feet long on San Joaquin River above the head of Burns Cutoff; for a leveed channel 30 feet deep and 225 feet wide around Rough and Ready Island including construction of a combination railroad and highway bridge; for the reconstruction to grade and section of about 4,000 feet of levee along the north side of Venice Island Cut, and the setting back of levees where required for channel improvements and for other levee changes and levee protective works below Stockton; for cutting off sharp bends and making cutoffs in the river; for filling Mormon Channel and Mormon Slough above Wash- ington Street with dredge spoil insofar as is economically feasible; for partial closing of side channels at Laird Slough and Paradise Cut by weirs to confine the low water flow to one main channel; and for snagging, removing overhanging trees, and constructing brush wing-dams from the mouth of Stockton Channel to Hills Ferry, 86 miles, to facilitate light-draft navigation on this part of the river during higher stages of water. The following table shows the tide and flood conditions prevailing: Range in feet Miles from Place mouth of river Mean Extreme Ordinary Extreme tidal I tidal 1 flood flood Collinsville--... - --... .....--------------------....--- 5. 8 7. 0 8 10 Mouth of Stockton Channel--------------- 40 3. 2 4. 5 9 11 Mossdale Bridge -.- - 56 1. 5 2. 5 17 22 Hills Ferry------------------------------ 126 ..- - - - 12 16 1 Mean lower low water to mean higher high water. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost of new work (July 1955) is $13,600,000. Non-Federal costs required for the project construction are estimated (1955) at $3,297,500, exclusive of the cost of suitable terminals and related facilities, comprising the cash contribution of $1,837,500 toward the construction cost; provision of lands, easements, and rights-of-way; provision of suitable spoil- disposal areas for new work; and accomphlishment of necessary utility relocations and alterations. Maintenance of the channel to project depths after completion is the responsibility of the Federal Govern- ment. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $175,000. 1428 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 14, 1876 These acts provided for cutting off sharp bends and Mar. 3,1881 making cutoffs in San Joaquin River below the July 5,1884 mouth of Stockton Channel; dredging Mormon Aug. 11,1888 Channel; snagging, removing obstructions, and con- July 13,1892 structing wing dams in San Joaquin River from Aug. 18,1894 Stockton Channel to Hills Ferry; and the partial June 3,1896 closing of side channels at Laird Slough and Para- dise Cut, without adopting any specific dimensions. June 25,1910 A 9-foot channel up to Stockton ___. H. Doc. 1124, 60th Cong., 2d sess.. July 25,1912 Improvement of Fremont Channel and McLeod Lake H. Doc. 581, 62d Cong., 2d sess. at Stockton. Jan. Aug. 21,1927 A 26-foot channel up to Stockton_-. ---.... _ _. 30, 19352 The original 30-foot channel up to Stockton:--_:....._ H. Doc. 554, 68th Cong., 2d sess. l1 Senate committee print, 73d Cong.,. 1st sess. Aug. 26,1937 The widened 30-foot channel up to Stockton ......... Rivers and Harbors Committee. Doc. 15, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' May 17,1950 Modification of the navigation project to provide for H. Doec. 752, 80th Cong., 2d sess. construction of a new turning basin adjacent to Rough and Ready Island; widen existing turning basin at Stockton; enlargement of Stockton Channel between existing turning basin and Weber Point; construction of leveed channel, as necessary, around Rough and Ready Island, including construction of a combination railroad and highway bridge; dredging a settling basin on San Joaquin River above the head of Burns Cutoff; elimination of dredging of a portion of Mormon Channel; filling of a portion of Mormon Channel and Mormon Slough; and for levee changes and levee protective works below Stockton. 1Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. All requirements for work accomplished to date under the authorization of the River and Harbor Acts through August 26, 1937, have been complied with. In accordance with those acts, local interests were required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance; contribute $1,307,500 toward the first cost of the dredging for the 26-foot project; provide terminal facilities; and assume maintenance of the levees. In accordance with the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950; local interests are required to (1) except for the new turning basin, furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) agree to accept ownership of the combined rail and highway bridge upon completion of construction, together with maintenance, operation, and future replacement or alteration as may be required, provide and maintain any other bridges required over the waterway, and accomplish all necessary utility relocations and alterations and the maintenance thereof; (3) contribute progressively as the project is constructed, at such rate as is satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army, a total of $530,000 in cash toward the cost of new work of the improvement; (4) prior to enlargement of Stockton Channel and construction of the channel around Rough and Ready Island, agree to provide, maintain, and operate suitable terminal and related facilities at the site of the improvement under consideration; (5) agree to continue to maintain the levees along the deepwater channel including those provided with RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1429 bank protection by the Federal government and those bordering the improved channel around Rough and Ready Island; and (6) agree to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from construction, maintenance, and operation of the proposed improve- ments. The port of Stockton furnished agreement of assurances for the 1950 authorized modification; Sacramento District accepted the aggre- ment for the Secretary of the Army on December 14, 1954. Authority was granted October 12, 1954, by the Comptroller of the Army for acceptance of funds to be contributed by the port of Stock- ton progressively as the project is constructed. Thirty-five thousand dollars was contributed in November 1954 toward the enlargement of the turning basin at Stockton. Terminal facilities. The harbor facilities at the port of Stockton, Calif., consist of 55 piers, wharves, and docks which are located along the San Joaquin River and on the Stockton, Mormon, and Fremont Channels. With the exception of 4 facilities on the San Joaquin River and 3 on Mormon Channel, all facilities are located on Stockton Chan- nel or in proximity thereto. Nearly half of the port's water terminals are bulkhead-type shore wharves with sufficient depths of water to accommodate ordinary river craft; the ocean terminals are concrete marginal wharves; and the remainder are generally open pile, timber- decked piers, shore wharves, or offshore wharves. General cargo facilities (6 in number) and petroleum handling facilities (7 in num- ber), are indicative of the foremost items of waterborne commerce handled at the port. The harbor facilities include a marine service station, facilities for handling creosote, treated piling, fruits, vege- tables, ore and other bulk materials. About one-half of the waterfront facilities are owned by the city of Stockton and are under the jurisdiction of the Stockton Port District governed by the board of port commissioners. The Stockton Port District is the agency operating the Stockton ocean terminal, comprised of 7 public wharves and a bulk-material wharf providing 3,335 feet of berthing space in depths of 28 and 29 feet, mean lower low water, with approximately 303,400 square feet of transit sheds, as well as 508 feet of open wharf. Eight oceangoing vessels can be accommodated at one time at the public ocean terminal. The transit sheds are provided with rail connections by the Stockton public belt railroad. The port also owns and operates 5 storage warehouses with a total of 799,420 square feet of storage area available for public merchandise, equipped with portable mechanized handling equipment and served by trackage of the belt railroad, adjacent to the public ocean terminal which includes a cotton warehouse and compress with 246,400 square feet of floor area and a grain terminal. The grain terminal has a floor area of 185,140 square feet and a cubical capacity of 3,414,600 feet. Approximately 1,000,000 square feet open storage space is available at Stockton port District public wharves for commodities not affected by weather conditions. The open storage space is readily accessible to trucks and is served by trackage of the belt railroad. Portable handling equipment and a 121/2-ton locomotive crane serve the storage areas on the port district property. Certain facilities at the Stockton port terminal are in use for military purposes. A naval supply depot 1430 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 (Stockton annex) has been completed on Rough and Ready Island, bounded by the Stockton deepwater channel on the north side, San Joaquin River on the east side, and Burns Cutoff on the south and west sides. Shallow-draft facilities on the upper channel include 12,500 linear feet of wharves of which 8,620 linear feet are privately operated, the remainder being operated by the Stockton Port District. In- cluded along these wharves are 341,600 square feet of transit sheds and 225,370 square feet of storage warehouses. There are two privately owned cold-storage warehouses located on Mormon Chan- nel with a total storage capacity of 1,582,750 cubic feet, of which 1,124,750 cubic feet are available for public storage. The port owns and operates the belt-line railroad, which connects with three transcontinental railroads and serves all facilities in the area; highway trucks are afforded easy access by paved streets and roads. An excellent system of improved highways connects the port with the Pacific coastal areas, as well as the surrounding agricultural area. Downstream from Stockton, the traffic is accommodated by bank landings and sheds, except at Antioch and near Pittsburg, where there are wharves for shallow and deep draft vessels. The terminal transfer facilities at the public ocean terminal of the port of Stockton are adequate for the present and immediate future. There has been a sustained annual growth of traffic in and out of the port of Stockton. The turning basin enlargement, ac- complished in 1955, facilitates the use of the loading and storage facilities added by the port of Stockton during recent years to accommodate the greatly increased tonnage handled by the port. The port has expanded its loading and storage facilities to handle iron ore brought in by rail from Nevada; it is expected that this item will reach 1,000,000 tons a year. It is expected that construc- tion of the remaining facilities authorized by the 1950 River and Harbor Flood Control Act will be required in the relatively near future to accommodate the additional requirements of industry and commerce. The total tonnage along the project channels, including the port of Stockton, in 1953 was 1,979,597 tons. Of this amount, over 1,000,000 tons was deep-draft cargo and the balance barge traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Prepara- tion of plans and specifications was accomplished by hired labor. Enlargement of the existing turning basin was accomplished by con- tract; 430,637 cubic yards of material were removed from the channel. Maintenance: Operations during the year included condition sur- veys of the channel, maintenance of gages and gage readings, prepara- tion of plans and specifications, miscellaneous field reconnaissance and reports, and removal of snags from channel of San Joaquin River, all of which were performed by hired labor; and the removal of 11,861 cubic yards of material at scattered locations in San Joaquin River near Antioch, Calif., by the utilization of the Government- owned hopper dredge Davison. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1431 Total costs during the fiscal year were $309,543, of which $287,460 was for new work and $22,083 for maintenance, from Federal funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 32 percent complete. Construction of the project was initiated in De- cember 1877; further modifications were subsequently authorized and accomplished. The 9-foot channel up to Stockton, authorized in 1910, was initiated in 1915 and completed in 1923. Improvement of Fremont Channel and McLeod Lake, authorized in 1912, was accomplished in 1914. Dredging of the 26-foot channel up to Stock- ton, authorized in 1927, was initiated in 1930 and completed in 1933. The original 30-foot channel up to Stockton, which was included in the Public Works program under the National Industrial Recovery Act and subsequently authorized in 1935, was accomplished during 1934 and 1935. Dredging of the widened 30-foot channel, authorized in 1937, was initiated in 1938 and completed in October 1940; Mormon Channel was dredged from the junction with Stockton deepwater channel to a point near Washington Street Bridge at Stockton in 1948. All work authorized prior to May 1950 is complete except for the dredging above the south line of Main Street in Stockton to a depth of 9 feet; local interests have advised that dredging above the south line of Main Street will not be required. Enlargement of the existing turning basin, authorized in 1950, was accomplished in 1955. The turning basin in Stockton Channel is 960 feet wide and has a length of 1,900 feet along the northerly edge, tapering to 1,100 feet along the southerly edge. The controlling depth from mouth of the river in Suisun Bay to Mormon Channel, 41 miles, is 28 feet; thence to Edison Street, three- quarters of a mile, 22 feet; and thence to head at Center Street, one- half mile, 9 feet. A 9-foot depth is available in Mormon Channel, up to Main Street, 0.9 mile; thence 2 feet to Center Street, head of navigation; and 9 feet in Fremont Channel and McLeod Lake. All depths are referred to mean lower low water. The channel is navi- gable during the entire year. The river, from its junction with Stockton Channel to the Mossdale Bridge (16 miles), usually has a controlling depth of 4 feet from April to June, inclusive, and from Mossdale Bridge to Hills Ferry (70 miles), head of navigation, the usual controlling depth is 3 feet from April to June, inclusive. Navigation in the section above the San Joaquin Bridge (Southern Pacific Railroad crossing), at Moss- dale, is impracticable in the low stages after June. New work remaining to complete the project consists of the con- struction authorized by the River and Harbor-Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, except for enlargement of the existing turning basin, for modification of the navigation project. Annual maintenance dredging is required for removal of accumu- lated shoals caused by settlement of floodborne sand and silt to pro- vide the project depths in satisfactory condition to accommodate general and defense navigation requirements. 1432 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The total costs for the project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total rUnited States: Regular --- _ .---------------- ---------------------- $3, 139, 050 $3, 230, 492 $6, 369, 542 Public Works--- -- -- --.............. 1, 158, 348 ---- ---- _ -1 1, 158, 348 Total United States funds...----------------------- 4, 297, 398 3, 230, 492 7, 527, 890 ,Contributed....----------------------------------- 1,307, 500 1, 250 1,308, 750 Total, all funds............ 5, 604, 898 ...........-------------------------------. 3, 231, 742 8, 836, 640 1 Includes $207, 198 for the 30-foot channel in Suisun Bay Channel. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .........------ --------------------------- .....------------............ $335, 000 1 $4, 344, 938 Cost------- ------------ ---------------------- ------------ 287, 460 1 4, 297, 398 Maintenance: Appropriated-------_. $238, 749 $299, 446 $146, 550 $51, 600 22, 600 3, 231, 443 Cost--------- ------- 314, 509 293, 548 146, 584 62, 425 22,083 3, 230, 492 1 Includes $1,158,348 from Public Works funds, of which $207,198 was for the 30-foot channel in Suisun Bay Channel. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------_ $47, 092 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ ___ ___ ___ -- 47, 092 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_---------- ------------------ ------ 9,255,062 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .-------------- .........-------------------- ------------ $35, 000 $1, 342, 500 Cost___-------______---------------------------------------------------------- 1,307,500 .Maintenance: Appropriated-------- --------------------------- ---------------------------------- 1,250 Cost ---------- __--_----------- ---------------------------------- ------------ 1, 250 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $35,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------------- ----------------------------- 35, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project__ ------------ 495, 000 6. STOCKTON AND MORMON CHANNELS (DIVERTING CANAL), CALIF. Location. This is an artificial cut located about 3 miles east of Stockton, Calif., which extends from Mormon Slough northwesterly about 41/2 miles to intersect the original Calaveras River Channel near RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1433 the northeast corner of the city of Stockton. (See U. S. Geological Survey Sheet, Stockton quadrangle.) Existing project. This project provides for diverting the waters of Mormon Slough before reaching Mormon and Stockton Channels for the purpose of preventing debris deposits in the navigable por- tions of Stockton and Mormon Channels. The results were obtained by construction of (1) a diversion dam across Mormon Slough 3 miles east of Stockton; (2) a diverting canal 150 feet wide, with average cut of 8 feet, extending 4.63 miles to the north branch of the Cala- veras River; (3) the enlargement of the Calaveras River to cross sectional area of 1,550 square feet, thence to its mouth at San Joaquin River, 5 miles; and (4) a levee along the left banks of the diverting canal and Calaveras River, using material excavated for the channel enlargement. The height of the levee is limited by necessary rail- way and highway crossings to about 3 feet above the contemplated flood surface. The canal is empty during the greater part of the year, but at times of extreme flood there is a depth of about 12 feet, and at ordinary flood a depth of about 10 feet. The total Federal cost of new work for the project, completed in 1923 was $253,151, and the latest (1955) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor .Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 152, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1899, p. 3188). The latest published map is in House Document 256, 63d Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. See report on San Joaquin River, Calif. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Opera- tions during the year consisted of condition inspections and studies, field reconnaissance, and miscellaneous reports, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. In addition, clearing at scattered loca- tions along both banks of Calaveras River was accomplished by hired labor. Total cost during the fiscal year was $6,689. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of new work was initiated in November 1908; under this initial construction phase, work along the Calaveras River section was completed in October 1909 and the canal section of the diverting canal in September 1910. The project was then considered to be about 86 percent complete; no further new work was accomplished until fiscal year 1922. Dur- ing fiscal years 1922 and 1923 additional new work was accomplished in the Calaveras River section to complete the project. The struc- tures involved are in good condition. Most of the silt formerly de- posited in Stockton and Mormon Channels is diverted therefrom by this canal, obviating serious inconveniences to navigation and expen- sive annual dredging. Annual maintenance activities, consisting of the provision of an adequate channel capacity for floodwaters by clearing brush and trees and construction of bank protection at critical locations to prevent slippage and erosion of banks caused by floodwaters, are required to preserve the effectiveness of the project. 1434 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AR1VIY, 1955 Total cost for the project to June 30, 1955, was $418,112, of which $253,151 was for new work and $164,961 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .-------------- _----------------------------------------------- $253,151 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 253,151 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ -$2, 072 $7, 712 $17, 500 $1, 100 $6, 500 164, 980 Cost------------------ 6 7, 712 8, 862 9, 530 6, 689 164, 961 7. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to required to ReportOperation Rort Construction and main- complete tenance Feather River, Calif-_ - _ _ _- -- .- 1951 --------- - 1$5, 752 (2) Middle River and connecting channels, Cali- fornia ..- ................. .......... . 1951 3 $8, 354 3 1,682 (4), (6) Mokelumne River, Calif .. ..--------------------- 1951 8, 500 67, 537 (4), (6) Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved Mar. 2,1945_ 214-- - ------------------------------- 1951 1951 - -- _-- - 2,997 2,997-(4 (4 1 Includes $10 for maintenance for previous project. In addition, $6,160 for previous project and $3,840 for existing project, for maintenance, was expended from contributed funds. 2Maintenance project; channels currently adequate for commerce; latest approved estimate (1953) of Federal cost for annual maintenance is $2,000. 3 Includes $1,600 for new work and $790 for maintenance for previous project. 4 Completed. 5 Maintenance not presently required as channels are adequate for commerce. Latest approved estimate (1953) of Federal cost for annual maintenance is $2,000 for Middle River and connecting channels and $4,000 for Mokelumne River, Calif. 8. SACRAMENTO RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, CALIF., FROM COLLINSVILLE TO SHASTA DAM Location. The Sacramento River rises in the Trinity Mountains in north-central California, flows in a general southerly direction about 374 miles and empties into Suisun Bay, an arm of San Francisco Bay at Collinsville, Calif. The works covered by this improvement are on the Sacramento River and tributaries from Collinsville to Shasta Dam, about mile 312. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area for Sacramento River and upper Butte Basin; Flournoy and Fruto quadrangles for Black Butte Reservoir; and the Tuscan Buttes, Tehama, Redding, and Hooker quadrangles for Table Mountain Reservoir.) Existing project. The improvement of Sacramento River and tributaries, from Collinsville to Shasta Dam, was authorized as a unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other related purposes in the Sacramento River Basin. The project comprises the enlargement of existing levees on Sacramento River between vicinity of Moulton Weir and Ord Bend; the construction of new levees from the present levee terminus to vicinity of Chico Landing; and the enlargement of FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1435 existing levees in Sutter, Tisdale, Sacramento, and Yolo bypasses. In addition to the above, the project includes levee construction and/or channel enlargement on the following minor tributaries of the Sacra- mento River: Antelope Creek; Chico and Mud Creeks, and Sandy Gulch; Butte and Little Chico Creeks; Cherokee Canal; Elder Creek; Deer Creek (Tehama County); Thomes Creek, and Willow Creek. These improvements are for the purpose of flood control. The above levee construction supplements the program of levee im- provements which are being accomplished pursuant to the Flood Con- trol Act of March 1, 1917, as amended by subsequent acts, including the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, and which are reported by California Debris Commission under improvement No. 4, "Sacra- mento River, Calif., Flood Control." Improvements on the minor tributaries will, in themselves, provide flood protection to large agricultural areas, to the cities of Chico and Willows, to small communities, and to transportation systems. The improvements along the major tributaries, in conjunction with other authorized units of the comprehensive plan in the upper Sacramento Basin, will provide flood protection to an additional large agricultural area in Butte Basin and along the Sacramento River, and to additional communities and transportation systems. A otal area of 218,000 acres of agricultural land will be protected by the entire project. The authorization also provides for the construction of the Black Butte Reservoir, an earthfill dam, with a maximum height of 138 feet, to create a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 160,000 acre-feet for flood control and water conservation purposes. The improvement will be located in Tehama and Glenn Counties about 9 miles westerly of Orland, Calif., on Stony Creek, a tributary entering the Sacramento River at mile 190. The reservoir will provide flood protection for about 35,000 acres of agricultural land lying along the lower reaches of Stony Creek and west of Sacramento River and, in addition, will provide 60,000 acre-feet of new water annually for irrigation. In conjunction with other authorized units of the comprehensive plan, this reservoir will provide flood protection to agricultural lands in Butte Basin and will augment the flood protection to lands ,along Sacramento River and the tributaries where levee and channel im- provements have been provided. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work of the principal features is as follows: Estimated cost Project Lands and Construction d iamages (including Total relocations) Levees, Sacramento River and tributaries 1 _ _ .---.- $17, 900, 000 ----- _------_ $17, 900, 000 Black Butte .Reservoir__----------------------------- 15, 338; 600 $863, 400 2 16, 200, 000 Total -- ------------------------------------ 33, 236, 600 863,400 34, 100, 000 I Active units of Sacramento River and tributaries (July 1955). 2 July 1955. 1436 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The estimated (1955) cost to local interests for new work on the active units of the levee and channel improvements is $2,860,000 and comprises the provision of lands, easements, and rights-of-way and all necessary highway and utility alterations required. The Sacramento River and tributaries unit consisting of construc- tion of the necessary works for improvements of upper Butte Basin is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this unit was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $4,330,000 for construction. The latest estimate (July 1954) of the cost to local interests for lands, damages, and bridge and utility relocations for this project unit is $1,787,000. Levee construction in Lower Butte Basin and in Lower Yolo bypass, units of Sacramento River and tributaries, are considered to be inac- tive and are also excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The costs of these units were last revised in July 1954 and were estimated to be $7,666,500 for Lower Butte Basin and $3,733,500 for Lower Yolo bypass for construction. The latest estimate (July 1954) of the costs to local interests for lands, damages, and bridge and utility relocations for these units are $2,285,000 for Lower Butte Basin and $222,000 for Lower Yolo bypass. In addition, Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir is also con- sidered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate, The cost of this project unit, including the power facility, was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $77,200,000, of which $4,417,900 was for lands and damages including relocations, and $72,782,100 for construction. Operation and maintenance of the levee and channel improvements after completion will be the responsibility of local interests. Opera- tion and maintenance of the Black Butte Reservoir will be the respon- sibility of the Federal Government; the latest approved estimated (1948) annual cost is $60,000. Local interests will reimburse the United States for conservation accomplishments of the reservoir. The improvement was adopted by the Flood Control Act of Decem- ber 22, 1944 (H.Doc. 649, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map), which authorized to be appropriated for the initia- tion of the project the sum of $15,000,000; further amendment by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doec. 367, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), included the necessary works of improvement for the protection of the upper Butte Basin, currently deferred for restudy. Local cooperation. Payment for conservation storage to be pro- vided by Black Butte Reservoir, as determined by the Secretary of the Army upon the basis of continuing studies by the Bureau of Recla- mation, the Department of the Army, and local organizations, is to- be made to the United States by the State or other responsible agency for this storage when used. Chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California, provides for adoption of the project and for the furnishing of the required assurances of local cooperation for the levee and channel improvement work. These assurances have been furnished and accepted. All land and rights-of-way required for the levee and channel improvements to date have been furnished by the State of California... FLOOD CONTROL---SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1437 Operations and results during fiscal year. a. Construction and enlargement of levees and local improvements on Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries: Minor preliminary engineering was continued. In addition, payment was made on a claim for additional payment for previous contract work accomplished along Little Chico and Butte Creeks. Total cost of new work for the levee and channel improvements (luring the fiscal year was $293,202. b. Black Butte Reservoir: There were no operations during the fiscal year and no costs were incurred. c. Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir: $23,000 previously advanced toward cost of the South Pacific Division Laboratory was returned to the Treasury and the cost credited to the project. Total cost of new work for the entire project during the fiscal year was $270,202, which included $293,202 for levee and channel improve- ments on Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries and a credit of $23,000 for the inactive Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir. Condition at end of fiscal year. a. Construction and enlargement of levees and channel improvements on Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries: Preliminary engineering, including field surveys and preparation of detailed plans and contract plans and specifica- tions, is being continued; design work is about 8 percent completed. Construction of the project was initiated in May 1949; items com- pleted include most of the Deer Creek levees and a portion of the Butte Creek channel improvements and levees. Initiation of further con- struction was suspended as a result of Presidential directive dated July 21, 1950. The active portion of the project is about 11 percent complete. Levee work remaining to be done for the active portion of the proj- ect includes enlargement of existing levees on Sacramento River be- tween Moulton weir and Ord Bend; and on Sutter, Tisdale, Yolo, and Sacramento bypasses; and construction of new levees on Sacramento River from Butte City to Chico Landing. In addition to the above, the project includes uncompleted levee construction and channel en- largement on the following minor tributaries of the Sacramento River: Antelope Creek; Little Chico-Butte Creek above Highway 99E, Chico, Mud, and Sandy Gulch Creeks; Cherokee Canal; Elder Creek; Deer Creek (Tehama County); Thomes Creek; and Willow Creek. Total cost of new work to June 30, 1955, was $2,041,554. b. Black Butte Dam and Reservoir: Data for definite design studies has been assembled, including general design, surveying and mapping, and exploration and material tests. The definite design studies are about 25 percent complete; and plans and specifications are about 10 percent complete; construction has not been initiated. Further engi- neering activities were discontinued subsequent to fiscal year 1952 due to lack of funds. Total cost of new work to June 30, 1955, was $101,260. 1438 RE'PORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Total cost of new work for the entire project to June 30, 1955, was as follows : Project Total cost of new work Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries __ _ _ $2, 041, 554 Black Butte Dam and Reservoir _____________________________ 101, 260 Total _ _ -...... 12, 142, 814 1 Exclusive of costs in the amount of $614,608 for Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Dam and Reservoir which is considered to be inactive. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_________ 1 $222, 000 1 -$740 _1__ $201, 072 1$2, 152, 332 Cost_______________ _ 594, 788 256, 938 $37, 242 $23, 123 293, 202 22, 142, 814 1 Exclusive of the following amounts for Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir, which is considered to be inactive: fiscal year 1951, -$5,892; fiscal year 1952, -$1,500; fiscal year 1955, -$23, 000; and total to date, $614,608. 2 Exclusive of the following amounts for Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir (inactive) fiscal year 1952, -$1,500; fiscal year 1955, -$23,000; and total to date, $614,608. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---... $3, 566 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ 50, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ _________________________ _ 53, 566 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _----------------------- _ 131, 897, 668 1 Based upon active portion-Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries, $17,900,000 (July 1955); Black Butte Reservoir, $16,200,000 (July 1955); and exclusion of inactive and deferred portions o Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries and inactive Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir 9. MIDDLE CREEK, CALIF. Location. Middle Creek, which has a drainage area of 197 square miles, is located in Lake County. It is tributary to Clear Lake, which flows into Cache Creek, a tributary of the Sacramento River. Scott and Clover Creeks are tributaries of Middle Creek near the town of Upper Lake. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle for the Lake- port area.) Existing project. The improvement provides for enlargement of existing levees and the construction of additional levees and inci- dental channel improvement on Middle Creek for a total distance of about 5 miles; a channel, about 1 mile in length, for diversion of Clover Creek floodflows to Middle Creek above the town of Upper Lake; and a levee on the left bank of Scott Creek from its mouth upstream for a distance of about 1 mile. Construction of the project will provide flood protection to about 5,000 acres of highly developed agricultural lands and to the town of Upper Lake. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $1,210,000, for construction. FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1439 The latest estimate (July 1955) of the cost to local interests for lands, rights-of-way, and relocations and alterations to existing util- ities is $837,000. Maintenance and operation of the project works after completion will be the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 367, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which con- tains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Local interests must give assurances satisfac- tory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights of way; hold and save the United States free from damage; and maintain and operate improvements after completion. The project has been officially adopted by chapter 1949, Statutes of 1955, State of California. As- surances have not been requested from local interests pending com- pletion of project plans. Operations and results duringfiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished to date. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project __---------------- $1, 210, 000 10. FOLSOM RESERVOIR, SACRAMENTO RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. Folsom Dam is on the American River about 21/2 miles above or northeasterly of the town of Folsom in Sacramento County, Calif., about 1 mile below the confluence of the north and south forks of this stream, and about 20 miles upstream from the city of Sacra- mento. The reservoir extends from the dam up the main river to this confluence and about 14 miles farther upstream in each of the 2 forks. The American River system originates on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, and the main river flows into the Sacramento River at the city of Sacramento. The lower portion of the American River, 25 miles below Folsom, is in the Sacramento Valley. The drainage area of the river system contains 2,115 square miles of which 1,875 square miles are above the dam. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area.) Existing project. The authorization provided initially for the construction of a dam, with gross storage capacity of 355,000 acre- feet, and facilities for future power generation. The project, as modified, provides for a multiple purpose reservoir with a storage capacity of 1,000,000 acre-feet in the joint interest of flood control, irrigation, municipal water supply and power generation. The reservoir has been formed by construction of earthfill wing dams and a concrete gravity dam in the river channel with a gated spillway and with a maximum height of approximately 340 feet and crest length of 1,400 feet. The earthfill wing dams on each side of the river with a maximum height of 145 feet complete the closure; the crest length of 363037-55--vol. 2-91 1440 RE'PORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the right wing dam is about 6,700 feet and the left wing dam about 2,100 feet. An earthfill auxiliary dam is provided at Mormon Is- land, about 21/ miles easterly from the main dam, with a maximum height of 110 feet and a crest length of about 4,820 feet. Eight earthfill dikes, with a total crest length of approximately 11,700 feet and maximum height of 10 feet to 105 feet, close saddles in the reser- voir perimeter. Outlet facilities have been provided for irrigation and flood control releases and for power generation. Simultaneous construction of a hydroelectric powerplant at the damsite with power facilities of 162,000-kilowatt capacity, a downstream reregulatory afterbay at Nimbus Dam with power facilities of 13,500-kilowatt ca- pacity, and related transmission lines is being accomplished by the United States Bureau of Reclamation. Subsequent maintenance and operation of the completed project will be accomplished by that agency in conjunction with other units of the Central Valley project. The authorization also provides for the dam to be operated for flood con- trol in accordance with criteria established by the Secretary of the Army. The project will provide flood protection to the cities of Sacramento and North Sacramento and adjacent suburban areas, will make avail- able annually about 500,000 acre-feet of new water for irrigation and municipal water supply and will make possible the generation of about 500,000,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy per year. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $63,320,000, of which $6,344,800 is for lands and damages, including relocations, and $56,975,200 for construction, including $4,898,000 for penstocks, trash racks, penstock face gates, and tailrace excavation being constructed by the Corps of Engineers for and in coordination with the facilities being built at the Folsom Dam by the Bureau of Reclamation. The latest estimate (January 1955) of the cost of the Federal facili- ties being constructed by the United States Bureau of Reclamation is $38,020,000. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the conservation accomplishments of the project. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of De- cember 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 649, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), which contains the latest published map, as modified by the American River Basin De- velopment Act (Public Law 356, Oct. 14, 1949, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. None required, except payment for cost of con- servation features when used. Conservation features of the project are to be integrated into the Central Valley project of the United States Bureau of Reclamation. The State of California officially adopted the project by chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engineer- ing, including preparation of contract plans and specifications, was continued. Preparation of operation and maintenance manuals, oper- ation of construction facilities, engineering studies to develop criteria for flood control operation of Folsom Reservoir, and acquisition of land (including improvements, disposals, and damages) were continued during the fiscal year by hired labor. Additional work accomplished by hired labor included the purchase and installation of electric tape gages, continuation of establishment FLOOD CONTROL---SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1441 of sedimentation ranges, survey on North Fork Ditch Company relo- cation; repair of right-of-way fence along relocated road; removal of Negro Hill telephone line; reservoir clearing; and miscellaneous minor work. Construction of the Folsom Dam and appurtenant works, by con- tinuing contract, was continued; 23 percent of the work was placed this period. Tunnel closure was effected in February 1955. Fabri- cation of the 140-ton gantry crane and appurtenances, under corn- tinuing supply contract and foundation drilling and grouting through embankment by continuing contract were completed. Additional con- struction was completed by contracts as follows: Relocation of ceme- teries; relocation of Green Valley and Mormon Island Roads, vicinity of Morman Island auxiliary dam; reservoir clearing, area "B"; and relocation of Pacific Gas & Electric Company's power distribution lines. In addition, construction of Ashland Lateral bypass for Ne wv Hinkle Reservoir and the completion of take line and sedimentation ranges and monumentation were accomplished by contracts during the year. Foundation drilling and grouting, main concrete dam, was continued by continuing contract. The previously established maximum pool elevation of 408 feet was reached on May 27, 1955, and the reservoir is now being held at that approximate elevation. The first generating unit in the Folsom powerhouse was placed on the line by the Bureau of Reclamation on May 20, 1955. Total cost of new work during the year for the project wa - $10,827,224. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in Oc- tober 1948; the project is about 95 percent complete. Design work is approximately 98 percent complete; relocations are about 99 per- cent complete; land acquisition is practically completed; and the construction of the dam and its appurtenances is 98 percent complete. Major items of work completed include construction of eight earthfill dikes; the Government administration and operations buildings; the diversion tunnel and the foundation excavation for the main dam; Mormon Island auxiliary dam including riprapping; relocation of North Fork Ditch Company and of Natoma Canal and appurtenant facilities; reservoir clearing; relocation of Folsom-Auburn Road and of South Fork Road; construction of South Fork Road, Sweetwater Creek section extension; and fabrication of tandem slide gates for main dam outlet works and other appurtenant operating equipment Design and construction programs of the Corps of Engineers and the Bureau of Reclamation have been coordinated to provide for or- derly prosecution of the project, and construction work to be accom- plished by the Corps of Engineers in the interest of power developmeint ispractically completed. Work remaining to complete the project includes: completion of items now under construction, including the main dam; final testing of the tandem slide gates, Tainter gates, and other such operating equipment; additional access roads, miscellaneous road improvements and repairs; and the installation of gages and communication facili- ties for operating purposes. 1442 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The project construction schedule calls for completion of all con- struction work by June 30, 1956. Total cost to June 30, 1955, for the project is $60,067,889 for new work. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-..--... $4, 400,000 $6, 870,000 $16, 917,000 1$17,500,000 '$10,300,000 $60,669,000 2, 924, 499 8, 893, 049 15, 237, 722 Cost-------------.................. 19, 366, 796 10, 827, 224 60, 067, 889 1 Includes $4,200,000 borrowed in fiscal year 1954. 2 Does not include $4,200,000 appropriated in fiscal year 1955 and used for repayment of amount borrowed during fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_---- -- - $147, 516 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - - 2, 650, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --------------------------------------- 2, 797, 515 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------------------------- 1, 000 11. AMERICAN RIVER, CALIF. Location. The American River, which drains an area of about 1,921 square miles of the Sierra Nevada, is one of the main tributaries of the Sacramento River. It joins the Sacramento River at the cities of Sacramento and North Sacramento. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles Carmichael, Sacramento-east, and Sacramento-west.) Existing project. The project provides for construction of a levee for flood control along the north bank of the American River, begin- ning at the existing flood control levee protecting North Sacramento, in the vicinity of Elvas and "H" Street Bridges; the levee will extend along the north bank of the river upstream for about 7 miles to Car- michael Bluffs near the town of Carmichael. Project construction will include reconstruction of a portion of an existing local interest levee. The levee will have a maximum height of about 22 feet and a crown width of 20 feet. The project is an integral and inseparable part of the flood control plan for the American River, which includes Folsom Reservoir, now in operation for flood control. Operation of the reservoir without the levee either will impair its irrigation and power accomplishments, or will not afford adequate flood protection to the rapidly expanding surburban area of Sacramento on the north side of the American River. The levee will provide flood protection to about 2,200 acres of agri- cultural land near the city of Sacramento, most of which is suitable for suburban development; to numerous commercial installations; and to a State highway which is 1 of the 2 eastern approaches to the city of Sacramento. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $1,730,000, for construction. The latest estimate (July 1955) of the cost to local interests for lands and rights-of-way is $530,000. FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1443 Maintenance and operation of the project works after completion will be the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 367, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the project; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from con- struction; and maintain and operate all project works after comple- tion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. The project has been officially adopted by the Statutes of 1955, State of California. Assurances have not been requested from local interests pending completion of project plans. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished to date. Cost and financial summary Other new work data : Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ .. $90, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- 90,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_1---------------------------- , 640, 000 12. CALAVERAS RIVER AND LITTLEJOHN CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES, INCLUDING HOGAN AND FARMINGTON RESERVOIRS, CALIF. Location. The streams comprising the Calaveras River and Little- john Creek groups rise in the Sierra Nevada and its foothills, flow westerly across the flat lands of San Joaquin Valley and empty into the San Joaquin River directly, or through various sloughs, in the vicinity of Stockton, Calif. The Littlejohn Creek group drains 487 square miles, of which 184 square miles are below the base of the foot- hills; the watershed is located in Calaveras, Stanislaus, and San Joaquin Counties. The three principal stream systems of the group are, from south to north, Lone Tree Creek, Littlejohn Creek, and Duck Creek. This group is bounded on the south by Stanislaus River watershed, and on the north by the Calaveras River group. The Calaveras River group drains 173 square miles below the base of the foot hills and 560 square miles above. It is located in Calaveras and San Joaquin Counties, and is bounded on the south by Littlejohn Creek group watershed, and on the north by Mokelumme River watershed. The two principal streams of the group are, from south to north, Calaveras River and Bear Creek. The valley lands are essentially a delta area in which the streams of both groups are more or less inter- connected by creeks and swales. (See U. S. Geological Survey Valley Springs quadrangle for Hogan Reservoir area and Trigo and Bachelor Valley quadrangles for Farmington Reservoir area.) Existing project. This consists of: a. Construction of Farmington Dam and Reservoir, with a gross storage capacity of 52,000 acre-feet, construction of a diversion chan- nel from Duck Creek to Littlejohn Creek and of 2 dikes across down- stream channels leading from Duck Creek to Mormon slough, and 1444 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 enlargement of downstream Littlejohn Creek channels for the exclu- sive purpose of flood control. The reservoir is formed by an earth- fill dam with a maximum height of about 58 feet and a length of about 7,800 feet; it is located on Littlejohn Creek 31/2 miles upstream from Farmington and about 18 miles easterly of Stockton, Calif. The outlet works are located in the right abutment and consist of 2 rectan- gular concrete conduits, each 6 feet by 9 feet, controlled by slide gates, and a stilling basin. A concrete broad-crested weir approximately 95 feet long, located in the right abutment, serves as the spillway. Construction of the main dam and spillway was completed in June 1951. The Duck Creek diversion, located approximately 1 mile east of Farmington, comprises an earth dike across Duck Creek with 2 pipe outlets, an overflow concrete weir adjacent thereto, and a diver- sion channel approximately 5,000 feet long with a capacity of 2,000 cubic feet per second to Littlejohn Creek. The 2 dikes across the downstream channels are of earthfill construction and are located ap- proximately 3 and 8 miles, respectively, west of Farmington. Duck Creek channel improvements were completed in November 1951. The Littlejohn Creek downstream channel improvement comprises an enlarged and improved channel from the vicinity of Farmington to French Camp. The improvement, consisting of clearing, channel ex- cavation and minor levee construction, was completed in April 1955. These improvements provide flood protection for about 58,000 acres of agricultural land, suburban areas, and industrial sites in the area immediately southeast of Stockton. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $3,700,000, of which $1,162,900 is for lands and damages including relocations and $2,537,100 for construction. The latest estimate (1955) of the cost to local interests for rights-of- way and relocations on the Duck Creek and downstream Littlejohn Creek improvements, required by the authorization, is $319,300. Maintenance and operation of the dam, reservoir and appurtenant gages are the responsibility of the Federal Government; the latest (1955) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this maintenance and operation is $12,800. Maintenance and operation of the channel improvements are the responsibility of local interests. b. Construction of New Hogan Reservoir, comprising an earthfill dam with a height of about 215 feet, together with 3 dikes with a maxi- mrum height of 20 feet, and a side-channel ungated spillway, to create a, reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 325,000-acre-feet for flood control, irrigation and other water conservation purposes. The improvement will be located on the Calaveras River, about 28 miles northeast of Stockton, Calif., at or below the site of the present small Hogan Dam, which is owned and operated by the city of Stockton for the partial flood protection of that city. The project will provide flood protection for 46,000 acres of agricultural lands in the Calaveras River area and to the city of Stockton and suburban areas and, in addition, will provide 62,000 acre-feet of new water annually for FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1445 irrigation required for the continued agricultural growth of the area and to provide a potential municipal water source for Stockton and its industries. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $16,900,000, of which $640,400 is for lands and damages including relocations and $16,259,600 for construction. Operation and maintenance of the project will be the responsibility of the Federal Government; the latest (1948) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this maintenance and operation is $85,500. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the conservation accomplishments of the project. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) of the principal features of the entire project is as follows: Estimated cost Project Lands and Construction damages (including Total relocations) Farmington Dam and Reservoir----------.............--....---------- $2, 537, 100 $1, 162, 900 $3, 700, 000 New Hogan Dam and Reservoir---------.............--........-----------.. 16, 259, 600 640, 400 16, 900, 000 Total-..... -------------------------------------- 18, 796, 700 1, 803, 300 20, 600, 000 The levee and channel improvement of Bear Creek, San Joaquin County, an authorized unit of the entire project, is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this unit was last revised in July 1954, and was estimated to be $705,000, for construction. The latest estimate (July 1954) of the cost to local interests for lands, damages, and bridge and utility relocations for this project iunit is $573,000. Maintenance and operation of the levee and channel improvements after completion will be the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of De- cember 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 545, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Recommended modifications of project. In House Document No. 367, 81st Congress, 1st session, a plan of improvement was recom- mended which would provide for construction of a levee on the right bank of the Stockton diverting canal and incidental channel improve- ment, such work to extend from its source at Mormon Slough to its confluence with the lower Calaveras River. The recommended work would supplement the authorized Hogan Reservoir, and would control Calaveras River floods by confining regulated flows to leveed channels. The estimate of Federal cost for new work (1948) is $52,000. Local cooperation. None is required for construction of Farming- ton Dam and Reservoir. Payment for conservation storage in Hogan 1446 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Reservoir, when used, is to be made to the United States by the State of California or other responsible agency. Arrangements for such repayment have not been undertaken as yet. The State of California has officially adopted the project by chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California. Assurances were furnished and all requirements have been complied with for the Duck Creek diversion structures and dikes. Duck Creek diversion structures and dikes were transferred to the State of Cali- fornia for maintenance and operation in June 1952. Assurances were furnished and all requirements have been complied with for the downstream Littlejohn Creek channel improvement. The improved channel is now in process of transfer to the State of Cali- fornia for maintenance and operation. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: a. Farmington Reservoir: Engineering and design, including prep- aration of plans and specifications was substantially completed and revisions to the operation and maintenance manual were accomplished by hired labor. Channel improvement and clearing of south Little- john Creek, from Farmington to French Camp was accomplished. The cost of new work for Farmington Reservoir during the fiscal year was $381,259 from United States funds and $82,930 from contributed funds, a total of $464,189. b. Hogan Reservoir: There were no operations and no costs were incurred. Maintenance: Farmington Reservoir: Maintenance and operation of the dam and outlet works and service facilities was accomplished during the year by hired labor. In addition, periodic gage readings and other operational functions, including repairs to gages, were also accomplished by hired labor. Farmington Reservoir and the Duck Creek Channel improvements were operated for flood control during the 1954-55 flood season, by the Federal Government and local interests respectively. Maximum flood storage during the fiscal year was 9,500 acre-feet and maximum flow in Duck Creek Diversion was 1,200 cubic feet per second. Total cost of maintenance for Farmington Reservoir during the fiscal year was $8,742 from Federal funds. The costs and expenditures for the entire project during the fiscal year were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs United States funds---------... ..................------------------------ $381, 259 $8, 742 $390, 001 Contributed funds (nonproject)------------ -- - 82,930------------- 82,930 ........ 82, 930 Total_ - ------- -........-------------------- 464,189 8, 742 472, 931 Condition at end of fiscal year. a. Farmington Reservoir: Construction of Farmington project was initiated in July 1949 and is about 99 percent complete. The project FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1447 construction was completed for beneficial flood control operation in calendar year 1952. Construction is substantially completed and all functional parts of the reservoir and the Duck Creek Channel im- provements are in operation and acting to provide the flood protec- tion for which they were designed. Engineering and design is substantially completed except for preparation of plans and specifi- cations for a stream gaging and rating station on Duck Creek above the diversion. Acquisition of real estate lands and/or flowage ease- ments has been completed except for legal proceedings. The follow- ing major features have been completed: Construction of outlet works, including installation of slide gates and appurtenances; main dam and spillway in June 1951; Duck Creek Channel improvement in November 1951; relocations of necessary roads and utilities; installa- tion of gaging facilities; construction of embankment slope protec- tion, relief wells, and upstream connecting channel between Little- john Creek and Rock Creek; and channel improvement of south Littlejohn Creek, May 1955. The work remaining to complete construction of Farmington proj- ect consists of the installation of a stream gage and rating station on Duck Creek above the diversion structures and miscellaneous minor work; this will be completed in fiscal year 1956. Total cost of new work for Farmington project to June 30, 1955, was $3,764,670, of which $3,657,156 was from United States funds and $107,514 from contributed funds. Total cost of maintenance for Federal operation and maintenance of the Farmington Reservoir and appurtenant gages was $20,088 from United States funds between July 1952 and June 30, 1955. b. Hogan Reservoir: Preliminary definite design studies have been prepared for selection of reservoir capacity and a survey and pre- liminary geological investigations of the dam site have been made. Design memoranda are about 30 percent complete; plans and specifi- cations are about 10 percent complete. Construction has not been initiated. Total cost of new work for Hogan Reservoir to June 30, 1955, was $122,180 from Federal funds. Total costs for the entire project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total costs I costs costs United States funds---..............___ . .__. -__- .__ - $3, 779, 336 $20, 088 $3, 799, 424 Contributed funds (nonproject) __ ------- --- 107, 514 ..------- . 107, 514 Total ---......--.------.----... ---.-... -... 3, 886, 850 20, 088 3, 906, 938 1 Excludes costs of $17,057 for Bear Creek Channel improvements (deferred for restudy). 1448 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated......... $1, 420, 000 $181, 180 ------------ -$2, 943 ------------ 1 2 $3, 809, 180 1, 533, 688 Cost-----------............---..... 473, 275 $277, 120 259, 602 $381, 260 3 1 3, 779, 336 Maintenance: Appropriated _____. ______ .. _ _.......- 8, 000 3, 400 8, 890 20,290 Cost......------------------------------------- 3, 866 7,480 8, 742 20,088 I For Hogan Reservoir only. Excluding the following amounts for Bear Creek Channel, San Joaquin County, Calif., which has been deferred for restudy: Appropriation, $17,057; cost, $17 057; and estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion, $687,943 (July 1954 index). 2 Exclusive of $42,000 which is excess to project needs of Farmington Reservoir. (Reference O. & R., par. 4242.02g(1). 3 Excludes fiscal year costs of $200 for Bear Creek Channel (deferred for restudy). Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 1-------- $29, 778 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _____------------------29, -________ 778 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of axisting project __________________--___ 2 16, 790, 820 1 Exclusive of $42,000 which is excess to project needs of Farmington Reservoir. (Reference O. & R., par. 4242.02g(1). 2 For Hogan Reservoir only. Excluding the following amounts for Bear Creek Channel, San Joaquin County, Calif., for restudy: Appropriation, $17,057; cost, $17,057; and estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion, $687,943 (July 1954 index). CONTRIBUTED FUNDS 1 Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .... ..-------------------- $7, 000 2 -$243 $100, 000 $3, 500 $110, 257 Cost__--..- - __- .--------------- 6, 750 7 17, 827 82, 930 107, 514 1 Contributed funds for miscellaneous construction (nonproject) at expense of local interests in connection with acquisition of rights-of-way and utility alterations for Farmington Reservoir. 2 Refund of trust funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ $2, 742 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____------------------------------------------ 2,742 13. LOWER SAN JOAQUIN RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, INCLUDING TUOLUMNE AND STANISLAUS RIVERS, CALIF. Location. The San Joaquin River has its sources in the Sierra Nevada, and flows generally southwest through the mountains and foothills to the vicinity of Friant, where it enters the flat alluvial valley through which it flows west 60 miles to Mendota midway of the valley floor. At Mendota the river turns northwest and flows 149 miles to Mossdale at the head of the San Joaquin Delta, an extensive area of reclaimed tidal swamplands through which the river flows with numerous side channels and sloughs to join the Sacramento River at the head of Suisun Bay near Pittsburg. The river drains an area of 17,000 square miles. The Tuolumne and FLOOD CONTROL---SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1449 Stanislaus Rivers, two of the principal tributaries of the San Joaquin River, likewise have their sources in the Sierra Nevada, and flow in a generally westerly direction through the mountains and foothills to enter the alluvial valley and join the main river from the east in its lower reaches. Stockton, at the head of the delta, and Fresno, just south of the San Joaquin watershed, are the principal commercial and distributing centers serving the area under consideration. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area.) The lower San Joaquin River is under improvement for navigation, the existing project pro- viding for a 30-foot ship channel to Stockton and various minor im- provements for the benefits of light-draft navigation in the delta channels. Existing project. This improvement provides for: a. Construction of New Melones Dam and Reservoir, a 465 foot high concrete gravity dam on the Stanislaus River, about 14 miles above the town of Knights Ferry, Calif., to create a 1,100,000 acre- foot reservoir for flood control, irrigation, and other water conserva- tion purposes. The project will provide flood protection to about 25,00(0 acres of agricultural land along the Stanislaus River and is an integral unit of the authorized plan for flood control in the San Joaquin River Basin. In addition, the project will make possible the construction of a large hydroelectric plant below the dam to supply the urgent de- mands of a power-deficient area. Construction of the powerplant has not been authorized. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $55,900,000, of which $4,831,400 is for lands and damages including relocations and $51,068,600 for construction. Maintenance and operation of the dam and reservoir are the re- sponsibility of the Federal Government; the latest (1948) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this maintenance and operation is $165,000. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the conservation accomplishments of the project. b. An expenditure toward the first cost of Cherry Valley Reservoir and the New Don Pedro Reservoir in the Tuolumne River Basin. Federal interest in the development is in the flood protection to be afforded by reservoirs constructed by local interests, comprising the city and county of San Francisco and the Turlock and Modesto irriga- tion districts; the Federal Government will contribute toward the first cost of the construction an amount commensurate with the flood control benefits to be derived. Ultimately the flood protection will be derived from the operation for flood control of at least 340,000 acre- feet of storage in the New Don Pedro Reservoir, proposed for a total. capacity in the order of 1,200,000 acre-feet. First phase of the de- velopment by local interests is the construction for municipal water supply, power generation, and other purposes of the Cherry Valley Reservoir, in the upper Tuolumne River watershed, about 25 miles east of the town of Sonora, Calif. The dam is a composite earth and rock embankment 315 feet high and about 2,500 feet long, which will create a reservoir with a capacity of 268,000 acre-feet below the spill- way crest. The local interests will operate this reservoir and the existing Hetch Hetchy and Don Pedro Reservoirs for flood control until such time as the New Don Pedro Reservoir is constructed and 1450 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 placed in operation. This improvement is an integral unit of the authorized plan for flood control in the San Joaquin River Basin; operation of the Tuolumne River Reservoirs will provide flood pro- tection to about 8,000 acres of agricultural lands and several com- munities along the Tuolumne River. The latest approved estimate (July 1955) of the Federal contribu- tion toward the first cost of the Cherry Valley Reservoir is $9,255,000, including $255,000 incidental Federal costs, in return for that por- tion of the ultimate contribution justified by the degree of flood pro- tection provided. The latest approved estimate (July 1955) of the total Federal contribution toward the first cost of the Tuolumne River Reservoirs is $12,340,000, including $340,000 incidental Federal costs. The latest estimate (January 1955) of the costs to local interests are $5,000,000 for Cherry Valley Reservoir and $67,000,000 for New Don Pedro Reservoir, a total of $72,000,000. c. Construction of levee and channel improvements on the lower San Joaquin River and tributaries consisting of the improvement of the existing levee system along the river below the mouth of the Mer- ced River by raising and strengthening the existing levees; for con- struction of new levees; for revetment of banks where required; for channel improvements; and for the acquisition of flowage rights on natural overflow lands generally downstream of Skaggs Bridge and upstream of the Merced River where necessary to insure continued effectiveness of channel storage. The flowage rights are to be provided by the State of California or other responsible local agency. This project is an integral unit of the authorized plan for flood control and other purposes in the San Joaquin River Basin; it is designed to supplement the reservoir units of the overall plan, involv- ing flood control storage on the Tuolumne and Stanislaus Rivers and in the existing Friant Reservoir on the upper San Joaquin River, by providing channel capacities along the San Joaquin River sufficient to safely pass regulated flows. The levee and channel improvement proj- ect, together with the reservoir units, will provide urgently needed flood protection to a rich agricultural area of approximately 140,000 acres, to numerous commercial and public installations, and to a sub- urban area adjacent to the city of Stockton. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $9,700,000, for construction. Maintenance and operation of the levee and channel improvements after completion are the responsibility of local interests. The latest estimate (July 1954) of the costs to local interests is $2,700,000, below the mouth of the Merced River, for lands, damages, and relocations. Estimated costs to local interests for the area above the mouth of Merced River are not available. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, which authorized to be appropriated for the initia- tion and partial accomplishment of the project the sum of $8,000,000. (See H. R. Flood Control Committee Doc. 2, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Further monetary au- thorizations of $2,500,000 and $5,000,000 were provided for this proj- ect by Public Laws 235, 83d Congress, 1st session, and 780, 83d Con- FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1451 gress, 2d session, making a total monetary authorization of $15,500,000 available. Recommended modifications of project. In House Document No. 367, 81st Congress, 1st session, it was recommended that power-gener- ating facilities, not now included in the authorized project, be con- structed concurrently with and as part of New Melones Dam. For an initial installation of 41,000 kilowatts, the first cost is estimated (May 1948) at $4,727,000, and the annual cost of maintenance and operation at $194,400. Local cooperation. a. New Melones Reservoir (Stanislaus River) : The State of California or other responsible agency will be required to pay for the conservation storage when used. Such payment will be based upon future cost allocation studies by the Department of the Army. The State of California has officially adopted the project by chapter 1514, Statutes of State of California, 1945. b. In Tuolumne Basin: Local interests are to construct, maintain, and operate the dams and reservoirs, allocate storage for flood control, and agree to operate such storage in accordance with rules and regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have agreed by means of a negotiated contract to construct, maintain, and operate in the interest of flood control, the Cherry Valley Reservoir, as well as allocate flood control storage space in their existing facilities until such time as the New Don Pedro Dam and Reservoir is con- structed by local interests and flood control storage is provided therein. Local interests have been operating their existing reservoirs for flood control since December 1949 in accordance with applicable regulations and the above cited contract. c. San Joaquin River: The State of California or other responsible local agencies are to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) furnish flowage rights to overflow cer- tain lands along the main San Joaquin River, and all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of levees; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works in the San Joaquin River and tributary channels, and their subsequent maintenance and operation; and (3) maintain all levees and channel improvements after completion in accordance with regu- lations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Chapter 1514, Statutes of State of California, 1945, provides for furnishing the requirements for the levee and channel improvement work. These assurances will be furnished when required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: a. New Melones Reservoir (Stanislaus River) : $7,000 previously ad- vanced toward the cost of the South Pacific Division Laboratory was returned to the treasury and the cost credited to the project. b. Cherry Valley Reservoir, Tuolumne River Basin: Preparation of the reservoir regulation manual covering flood control operations under phase II of the project (to correlate operation of Cherry Valley Reservoir with the continued operation of existing facilities) was, continued; these regulations have been agreed upon by the contractors and the Federal Government. The contractors, the city and county of San Francisco, and the Turlock and Modesto irrigation districts, operated their existing Don Pedro Reservoir facilities for flood con- 1452 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 trol (phase I of the project) during the year in accordance with re- quirements of the contract. Construction of Cherry Valley Reservoir was continued by the con- tractors; about 15 percent of the work was accomplished during the fiscal year. c.Construction of levee and channel improvement works on lower San Joaquin River and tributaries: Engineering and design studies, including preparation of general design memorandum and drawings, \were continued during the year. These studies included review of the economics of New Melones Reservoir and the relationship of the reser- voir to the design of the levees and channel improvements in lower San Joaquin River. The total cost for the entire project during the fiscal year for new work was as follows: Project Cost N ew Melones Reservoir, Stanislaus River--...-----. -------.------------------------------ $7, 000 Tuolumne River Basin Reservoirs, including Cherry Valley Reservoir--..-----------------.1,031, 298 Lower San Joaquin River and tributaries---------------......................-------------------------- 25,550 Total--------------------------------------- -------------- -------- 1,049,848 Condition at end of fiscal year. New work. a. New Melones Reservoir, Stanislaus River: Engineering accom- pl shed consists of collection of data for design memoranda includ- ing topographic surveys and hydrologic data, consideration of its interrelationship with other units in the comprehensive plan, re- vision of project costs and benefits, and the preparation of prelimi- nary plans. Design memoranda are about 5 percent complete. Total cost for New Melones Reservoir to June 30, 1955, is $63,156. b. Cherry Valley Reservoir, Tuolumne River Basin: Engineering and design studies including preparation of flood control operation criteria, review and approval of plans prepared by the contractor, and design analyses, have been accomplished. A contract was awarded in fiscal year 1950 to local interests, the city and county of San Francisco and the Turlock and Modesto irriga- tion districts, for modification of existing facilities as necessary at Don Pedro, Hetch Hetchy, and Lake Eleanor Reservoirs and for the operation of these facilities in accordance with regulations of the Secretary of the Army to obtain immediately a degree of control over Tuolumne River floods. The contractors have been operating the existing reservoir facilities for flood control (phase I of the project) since December 1949 in accordance with the applicable regulations. Construction of Cherry Valley Reservoir (phase II) was initiated in September 1950; this construction is about 50 percent complete a.tnd is scheduled for completion by December 31, 1956. Construction of New Don Pedro Reservoir (phase III) remains to be accomplished; and is scheduled for completion in 1964. The initial Federal contribution was made in 1950 and total costs for Cherry Valley Reservoir to June 30, 1955, were $8,450,299, con- sisting of $8,236,380 as direct payments to local interests and $213,919 for incidental Federal costs. FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1453 c. Construction of levee and channel improvement works on lower San Joaquin River and tributaries: Data for the definite design studies have been assembled, including studies of existing channel capacities, topographic surveys, reconnaissance of existing levees, derivation of project design flood plan, determination of potential benefits, and general design of plan of improvement; design memo- randa are about 100 percent complete and plans and specifications are about 20 percent complete. Cooperative studies with the State of California have been made to determine plans for preservation of natural valley storage above Merced River. Construction has not been initiated under this improvement. Total cost for lower San Joaquin River and tributaries to June 30, 1955, is $381,315. The total costs for the entire project to June 30, 1955, for new work were as follows: Project Cost New Melones Reservoir, Stanislaus River-----__---- -..... ---..... ------------ --.... $63, 156 Tuolumne River Basin Reservoirs, including Cherry Valley Reservoir---............- 8, 450, 299 Lower San Joaquin River and tributaries-____. __-____--.--.----. _________ --- . 381, 315 Total.. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 8,894,770 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ........-------- $728, 000 $3, 394, 345 $2, 274, 000 $205, 000 $1, 033, 000 $8, 929,245 Cost--------------- 1, 516, 725 3, 592, 309 2, 189, 700 254, 093 1, 049, 848 8,894, 770 Other new work data: 'Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- $18, 187 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ - 1, 035, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956_ 1, 053, 187 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- ------------------ - 167, 975, 755 I Based upon the following approved project estimates: New Melones Reservoir, $55,900,000 (July 1955); Tuolumne River Basin Reservoirs, $12,340,000 (July 1955); and lower San Joaquin River and tributaries, $9,700,000 (July 1954). 14. MERCED COUNTY STREAM GROUP, CALIF. Location. The streams comprising the Merced County stream group rise in the Sierra Nevada foothills of the Central Valley of California and flow in a general westerly direction to join the San Joaquin River west of the city of Merced. The streams form three general groups; Bear Creek with its tributaries, Black Rascal Canal, Fahrens, and Burns Creeks; Mariposa Creek with its tributaries, Miles and Owens Creeks; and Deadmans Creek with its tributaries, Little Deadmans, Big Deadmans, and Dutchmans Creek. The latter group crosses an area of pasture land and flood control improvements are not provided for this group. The remainder of the Merced County stream group drains an upper area of 398 square miles, ranging from 1454 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMVY, 1955 mountains to low foothills, and a lower area of 312 square miles of broad alluvial valley. The flow of the streams of the Merced County group is intermittent. (See U. S. Geological Survey Haystack Moun- tain quadrangle for Burns Reservoir area and Indian Gulch quad- rangle for Bear, Owens, and Mariposa Reservoirs areas.) Existing project. Improvement of Merced County stream group is a unit in the comprehensive plan for flood control and other pur- poses in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Basins. The project consists of four retarding-type reservoirs and provides for channel improve- ments, in the vicinity of the city of Merced, Calif., for the exclusive purpose of flood control. Mariposa Dam, completed in November 1948, comprises an earthfill main dam 1,330 feet long with a maximum height of about 88 feet and 2 auxiliary dikes aggregating 1,375 feet in length; the reservoir has a gross storage capacity of 15,000 acre-feet; the spillway is located in a saddle near the left abutment of the main dam. The dam is located on Mariposa Creek about 18 miles east of Merced. Owens Dam, completed in October 1949, consists of an earthfill main dam with a maximum height of 75 feet and a crest length of 790 feet and an auxiliary dike approximately 370 feet long in a saddle near the left abutment; the gross storage capacity of the reservoir is 3,600 acre-feet; the spillway is located in a saddle near the left abut- ment of the auxiliary dike. Owens Dam is located on Owens Creek about 16 miles east of Merced. Burns Dam, completed in January 1950, is an earthfill structure with a maximum height of 55 feet and a crest length of 4,075 feet; a low auxiliary dike about 290 feet long is located in a saddle near the left abutment; the reservoir has a gross storage capacity of 7,000 acre-feet; the spillway is located near the right abutment. Burns Dam is located on Burns Creek about 13 miles northeast of Merced. Bear Dam, completed in December 1954, is an earthfill structure with a maximum height of 92 feet and a crest length of 1,830 feet; an ungated saddle spillway; and an auxiliary dike about 290 feet long; the reservoir has a gross storage capacity of 7,700 acre-feet. Bear Dam is located on Bear Creek about 15 miles northeast of Merced. Diversion of flow from Black Rascal Creek to Bear Creek will be accomplished by means of a 3,000 second-foot capacity canal with a length of 1.3 miles, and diversion of flow from Owens Creek to Mariposa Creek, by means of a 400 second-foot capacity canal with a length of 1.6 miles. These improvements will be located east of Merced 4 and 11 miles, respectively. In addition, channel enlargement of a constricted portion of Miles Creek and restoration of impaired channel capacities of Black Rascal, Burns, Bear, Owens, and Mariposa Creeks is being accomplished by responsible local interests at their expense. The project will provide flood protection to about 136,000 acres of agricultural lands, to the city of Merced, to the towns of Planada and Le Grand and other smaller communities, and to highway and transportation facilities. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $2,830,000 for construction. The estimated (July 1955) cost to local interests for new work is FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1455 $737,000, comprising the provision of lands, easements, and rights- of-way necessary for construction; highway and utility modifications; and provision of channel enlargement and restoration of impaired channel capacities. Operation and maintenance of the project and of the existing channel improvements after completion will be the responsibility of local interests. Operation and maintenance of the reservoirs and appurtenant gaging facilities is the responsibility of the Federal Government; the latest (1955) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this operation and maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 473, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the conditions that the State of California or other responsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide without cost to the United States all land, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction; (2) bear the expense of all necessary highway and utility changes; (3) com- plete the enlargement of the channel of Miles Creek and restore the channel capacities of Black Rascal, Burns, Bear, Owens, and Mari- posa Creeks in accordance with the plan of the district engineer; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from construction of the works; and (5) except for the reservoirs, dams, and appurtenant gages, maintain and operate the completed project works and existing channel in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Chapter 1514, Statutes of State of California, 1945, provides for the furnishing of the required assur- ances which were furnished and accepted by the Secretary of the Army on January 22, 1948. All lands, easements, and rights-of-way have been furnished by the State of California as required, in accordance with the above assurances. Senate bill No. 1659, chapter 1118, Statutes of State of California of 1953, authorized the State reclamation board to provide the enlarge- ment and restore the channel capacities of the creeks enumerated in (3) above. This work is underway and will be completed in the near future. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engineer- ing and design, including preparation of contract plans and specifi- cations, and preparation of the operation and maintenance manual for Bear Dam were continued during the year by hired labor. Modi- fication of a gaging well and purchase and installation of a water level recorder were accomplished by hired labor. Construction of Bear Dam and appurtenances, initiated in April 1954, was completed by contract; 90 percent of the work was accomplished during the year. Maintenance: Maintenance and operation of the dam and reser- voirs and service facilities and condition and operation studies, in- cluding periodic gage reading and other operational functions, were accomplished throughout the fiscal year by hired labor. Repairs to 863037--55--vol. 2--92 1456 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 outlet works at Mariposa Dam and to the access roads to Mariposa, Burns, and Owens Dams were accomplished by contract. Bear, Burns, Owens, and Mariposa Reservoirs were in operation during the 1954-55 flood season as units of the project designed to protect the city of Merced and adjoining agricultural areas during the fiscal year. Only minor flows occurred and no appreciable amounts of floodwaters were stored. In addition, local interests continued the channel enlargement of Miles Creek and the restoration of channel capacities of Black Rascal, Burns, Bear, Owens, and Mariposa Creeks at their expense as a part of the requirements of local cooperation. This work will be com- pleted in the near future. Total cost for the project during the fiscal year was $490,081, of which $471,434 was for new work and $18,647 for maintenance, from Federal funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction under this improve- ment is about 83 percent complete and was initiated in March 1948 with the construction of Mariposa Dam and Reservoir, which was completed in November 1948. Construction of Owens Dam and Res- ervoir, initiated in March 1949, was completed in October 1949, and Burns Dam and Reservoir, initiated in July 1949, was completed in January 1950. Bear Dam and Reservoir, initiated in April 1954, was completed in December 1954. The Master Manual of Reservoir Regulations for San Joaquin Basin, Calif., and appendix III thereto covering the Merced County stream group project, and the mainte- nance manuals for the Mariposa, Owens, and Burns Dams and Reser- voirs have been completed. Construction of Owens Creek and Black Rascal Creek diversion canals and the installation of gages and communication facilities for operating purposes is scheduled for construction in fiscal year 1956. Other work remaining to be accomplished by the Federal Government consists of sedimentation ranges and miscellaneous minor work. The entire project is scheduled for official completion in December 1956. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1955, was $2,380,- 175 of which $2 342,193 was from United States funds and $37,982 from contributed (nonproject) funds. In addition, local interests will complete the channel enlargement and restoration of channel capacities of Miles, Black Rascal, Burns, Bear, Owens, and Mariposa Creeks in fiscal year 1956 at their expense. Total cost of maintenance for Federal operation and maintenance of the three completed reservoirs and appurtenances was $43,017 from United States funds between July 1948 and June 30, 1955. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1955, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs United States funds_ -_----------___ --------- __ -- ___- .. $2, 342, 193 $43, 017 $2, 385, 210 Contributed (nonproject) funds____----____- 37, 982 -_ 37, 982 Total--------------- ---- --------- ----.. ------. 2, 380, 175 43, 017 2, 423, 192 FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1457 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fisal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------......... $60, 000 $265, 000 $199, 000 $300, 000 $210, 000 $2, 764, 000 Cost_------------------19, 583 31, 987 16, 247 74, 270 471, 434 2,342, 193 Maintenance: Appropriated-------......... 4, 000 10, 000 6, 000 12, 000 8, 310 43, 310 Cost.......------------------ 2, 587 2, 804 7, 706 8, 856 18, 647 43, 017 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- $101, 744 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------101, 744 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletiori of existing project -------------------------------- 66, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS I Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------......... $3, 300 2-$318 -$30,000 $67, 982 Cost__.------------------ ------------------------ 5, 719 ............----------- 37, 982 I Contributed funds for miscellaneous construction (nonproject) at expense of local interests in connec- tion with acquisition of rights-of-way and utility alterations. 2 Refund of trust funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $8, 928 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------ 8, 928 15. BIG DRY CREEK RESERVOIR AND DIVERSION, CALIF. Location. The streams comprising the Fresno County group are Big Dry Creek, Dog Creek, Redbank Creek, and Fancher Creek. All of them rise in the Sierra Nevada, near the foothills, from 17 to 31 miles northeasterly from Fresno, Calif., and follow nearly parallel courses in a southwesterly direction toward Clovis and Fresno. Por- tions of the channels of these creeks, after entering the valley floor, serve as part of large and complicated systems of irrigation canals. The creeks eventually empty directly into the San Joaquin River, or indirectly through Murphy Slough, at various points northwesterly and southwesterly of Fresno, Calif. (See U. S. Geological Survey Clovis and Friant quadrangles of the area.) Existing project. This improvement consists of an earthfill dam with a maximum height of 40 feet creating a reservoir with a maxi- mum storage capacity of 16,250 acre-feet, all for flood control pur- poses, together with appurtenant diversion facilities both upstream and downstream from the reservoir. The improvement is located about 10 miles northeast of Fresno, and about 4 miles northeast of 1458 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Clovis, Calif. The Big Dry Creek Dam was completed in 1948. The project controls the run-off from 86 square miles and by diverting the flows of Dog and Big Dry Creeks to Little Dry Creek, and subse- quently to the San Joaquin River, provides a high degree of flood protection to the cities of Fresno and Clovis and their suburban areas. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (July 1955) is $1,370,000 for construction. The estimated (July 1955) cost to local interests for new work is $296,000, comprising the provision of lands and damages and road and utility revisions. Operation and maintenance of the project is the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 845, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which con- tains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Local interests furnished assurances that they would provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages due to con- struction and maintenance of the project; bear the expense of bridge construction; and maintain and operate all the works after comple- tion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. These requirements have been fully complied with. The reservoir and diversion structures were transferred to the State of California for maintenance and operation on March 19, 1948. The State of California transferred responsibility for the maintenance and operation of the completed works to the county of Fresno in ac- cordance with contract and agreement dated August 6, 1946, between the State Reclamation Board and the county of Fresno. The drop structures were transferred to the State of California in April 1953, for operation and maintenance. In addition, the side erosion control structures and the improved gaging facilities were transferred to the State of California in October 1953 and May 1955, respectively. Operations and results during fiscal year. Minor engineering and revisions to the reservoir regulation manual were completed by hired labor. Construction of access road, gaging station, and cableway outlet channel to Little Dry Creek was accomplished by contract; this construction has been transferred to the State of California for operation and maintenance. In addition, purchase and installation of streamflow and precipitation recorders were accomplished by hired labor. Total cost of new work for the project during the year was $11,849. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in April 1947 and completed in March 1955. The reservoir was completed in February 1948 and has subsequently been operating to provide the flood protection for which it was designed. Construc- tion of remedial work consisting of erosion control structures to con- trol side hill erosion was completed in September 1953. Construction of improved gaging facilities on the outlet channel was completed in March 1955. Big Dry Creek Reservoir and diversion was operated for flood con- FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1459 trol by local interests in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Government. Only minor flows occurred and no appreciable flood- water was stored. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1955, was $1,413,832, of which $1,369,824 was from United States funds and $44,008 from contributed (nonproject) funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated _ ___ _______.--......... $130,000 ------------ $2, 300 1 $1, 369, 824 Cost---- _- _ -_ -- ---- 91, 555 $24, 296 11, 849 11, 369, 824 1 In addition, $44,008 was expended from contributed funds for miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished at the expense of local interests in connection with bridge construction. ,Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ -- $107 16. KINGS RIVER AND TtULARE LAKE, INCLUDING PINE FLAT RESERVOIR, CALIF. Location. The area covered by this project comprises the upper watershed of Kings River, its valley alluvial fan or delta, and the lake bed known as Tulare Lake. The upper basin above the town of Piedra is rugged and mountainous. Below Piedra the river enters the relatively flat alluvial valley where the river divides, one branch known as Fresno Slough flowing north to join the San Joaquin River, and the second south to Tulare Lake, an area which in its unreclaimed state varied from a completely dry condition to a body of water some 750 square miles in extent. There is no natural outlet from this lake as it is separated from the San Joaquin Basin by a low ridge, but lake waters have escaped over this ridge at least once since settlement of the region. Tulare Lake also receives floodwaters of Tule, Kaweah, and Kern Rivers in some years. The area below Piedra, including Tulare Lake, is known as the Kings River service area. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area.) Existing project. The improvement is a unit in the comprehensive plan for flood control and other related purposes for the Sacramento- San Joaquin Basins. The project consists of a 430-foot high concrete gravity dam, including a gated overflow section with a maximum dis- charge capacity of 391,000 cubic feet per second, creating a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 1,000,000 acre-feet, for flood control, irrigation, and related purposes. Outlet provisions for future power development are included in the dam, but Federal construction of power generating facilities is not authorized. The dam is located on Kings River, about 25 miles east of the city of Fresno, Calif., and about 4 miles upstream from the town of Piedra; construction of the dam was completed in June 1954. The improvement also includes a limited amount of channel improvements on Kings River and its dis- tributaries on the valley floor about 25 miles south of Fresno. The 1460 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 channel improvement work will enlarge channel capacities and regu- late flows in the lower branches of the Kings River. The improvement will provide flood protection for about 80,000 acres of rich agricultural lands in the Kings River area and, in con- junction with the authorized projects on Kaweah, Kern, and Tule Rivers, will provide protection against floods to 260,000 acres of rich croplands in the Tulare Lake area. In addition, the project will im- prove the irrigation water supply with an average of 165,000 acre- feet of new water annually by retention of floodflows, and will pro- vide a means of regulating the normal supply. The improvement to irrigation will benefit 460,000 acres in the Kings River service area and 260,000 acres in the Tulare Lake area. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $40,900,000, of which $4,713,400 is for lands and damages including relocations and $36,186,600 for construction. Operation and maintenance of the dam and reservoir is the respon- sibility of the Federal Government; the latest (1955) approved esti- mate for annual Federal cost of this operation and maintenance is $142,000. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the con- servation accomplishments of the project. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 630, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Recommended modifications of project. In House Document No. 367, 81st Congress, 1st session, it was recommended that a power installation be authorized for construction at such time as it may be economically feasible. For an initial installation of 45,000 kilowatts, the first cost is estimated (May 1948) at $5,500,000, and the annual cost for maintenance and operation at $224,000. Local cooperation. The allocation to local interests for repayment for use of conservation storage when used, has been established in accordance with War Department Civil Appropriation Act, 1947, and published in House Document 136, 80th Congress, 1st session. The exact amount is to be agreed upon between the Bureau of Recla- mation of the Department of the Interior and the local agencies con- cerned. Negotiations with local interests are now under way. The State of California has officially adopted the project by chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engineer- ing and design, including preparation of the operation and main- tenance manual, by hired labor, was continued during the fiscal year. Hired labor was utilized to continue installation of hydrological and telemetering facilities and operation and maintenance of construction facilities. The following work was also accomplished by hired labor or hired labor and rented equipment: Furnish and test valve for operating slide gates; parking and turnaround on Deer Creek Road; grouting of drains in the dam; minor maintenance of Sycamore FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1461 Creek and River Roads; establishment of sedimentation ranges; pur- chase and installation of pump and appurtenances for domestic water supply; and miscellaneous minor work. Further work, initiated by contract in fiscal year 1954, was completed during the fiscal year as follows: Construction of hydrologic telemetering system, Kings River; paving access roads, parking area, crane shelter access, and resurfacing Sycamore Creek and River Roads; and construction of additional water supply and miscellaneous improvements. Purchase and installation of additional hydrologic telemetering equipment was initiated by contract. Maintenance: Maintenance and operation of the dam and reservoir, service facilities, channel and river control structures, and public recreational facilities, was accomplished during the year by hired labor. In addition, hired labor was utilized during the year for condi- tion and operation inspections and for condition surveys, including maintenance of gages and gage readings. Pine Flat Reservoir was operated during the fiscal year for flood control, irrigation under an interim contract with Kings River con- servation district, and for storage of power water under an interim contract with Pacific Gas & Electric Company. A maximum storage of 439,000 acre-feet occurred during the fiscal year, and 379,000 acre- feet was in storage at the end of the fiscal year. Of this, about 60,000 feet was held in storage for the Pacific Gas & Electric Company, for future exchange with Kings River water at proposed upstream reservoirs. No releases for flood control were made. Total costs during the year for the project were $360,718, of which $281,601 was for new work and $79,117 for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in April 1947; the project is 94 percent complete. Construction of the main dam was initiated in January 1950 and completed in June 1954; final concrete pour was made in March 1953; and the dam is operating to provide the flood protection for which it was designed. Acquisition of lands required for the project is complete, except for legal pro- ceedings. Reservoir clearing, relocations of roads and utilities, and construction of operational buildings have been completed. Work remaining to be done consists of completion of work underway, con- struction of bridge and rating weir, completion of minor public use and sanitary facilities, the installation of gages and communication facilities for operating purposes, and the provision of channel im- provements. Project completion is scheduled for official completion December 31, 1955. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1955, was $38,- 442,546. Total cost of maintenance for Federal operation and maintenance of Pine Flat Reservoir and appurtenances was $130,436 between July 1953 and June 30, 1955. Total cost of all work for the project to June 30, 1955, was $38,573,009. 1462 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_-_--- $8, 365, 000 $8, 000, 000 $8, 707, 000 -$353, 455 -----__---- $38, 518, 545 Cost- -7, 497, 576 12, 130, 727 8,948, 626 813, 857 $281, 602 38, 442, 546 Maintenance: Appropriated----..... -----------------------..- 53, 900 82, 810 136, 710 Cost .........-..---------------------------..--- 51, 346 79,117 130, 463 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-- -------- $63, 297 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _________-__ - -- ______________-_- 63, 297 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for ----------------------------- completion of existing project_ 2, 381, 455 17. KAWEAH AND TULE RIVERS, INCLUDING TERMINUS AND SUCCESS RESERVOIRS, CALIF. Location. The area covered by this project comprises the upper watersheds of Kaweah and Tule Rivers, their valley alluvial fans and the reclaimed Tulare Lake area, their common terminus. Kaweah River, which drains an area of 630 square miles in the Sierra Nevada is formed by the junction of its north, middle, and south forks near Three Rivers, flows southwest 10 miles through low foothills and emerges on the valley floor near the town of Lemon Cove. At this point the river divides into two channels, the flow to each being divided equally by control weirs. The northerly channel, known as St. Johns River, flows west 23 miles and unites with Cottonwood Creek to form Cross Creek, which flows thence southwest 35 miles to Tulare Lake. The southerly channel, which continues as Kaweah River, flows southwest 4 miles and then divides into numerous dis- tributary channels. Flows in these channels not diverted for irriga- tion or lost by seepage cross the delta region and unite with Tule River or Cross Creek to enter Tulare Lake. Tule River, which drains an area of 420 square miles in the Sierra Nevada, adjoining the Kaweah Basin on the south, is formed by the junction of its north and middle forks near Springville, flows southwest 13 miles and emerges on the valley floor near the city of Porterville. From this point the river continues west about 40 miles across the alluvial fan to Tulare Lake. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area.) Existing project. The improvement provides for construction of the Terminus and Success Reservoir projects, including supplemental spreading works, for flood control, irrigation, and other related purposes. The Terminus project will comprise a dam, reservoir, and spreading works. The dam will be located on Kaweah River about 20 miles east of the city of Visalia, Calif., and will be an earthfill structure 220 feet high and 2,460 feet long, with a gated saddle spillway, creating a reservoir of 145,000 acre-foot capacity. The spreading works will be constructed in the valley below the reservoir and will have an infiltration capacity of about 60,000 acre-feet per month. FLOOD CONTROL---SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1463 Success Reservoir will be located on Tule River about 5 miles east of Porterville, Calif. The main dam will be an earthfill structure 153 feet high and 3,440 feet long across the Tule River, with an auxiliary earthfill dam or dike 45 feet high and 7,760 .feet long across Frazier Valley about 31/2 miles northwesterly from the main dam, and an ungated saddle spillway. It will create a reservoir of 75,000 acre-foot capacity. The reservoirs are units in the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Basin. Terminus Reservoir will provide flood protection to about 110,000 acres of agricultural land in the Kaweah River area and for the city of Visalia and adjacent urban areas. Success Reservoir will provide flood protection to about 60,000 acres of agricultural and suburban lands along the Tule River and distributaries and to the Porterville urban area. In addition, Terminus and Success Reservoirs will pro- vide additional water for irrigation use through reductions in evapo- ration losses and will provide means for regulating the present irriga- tion supply. These 2 reservoirs, in conjunction with the completed Pine Flat and Isabella Reservoirs, will help to provide adequate flood protection to 260,000 acres of croplands in the Tulare Lake area. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1955) is as follows: Estimated cost Project Lands and Construction damages (including Total relocations) Terminus Dam and Reservoir. -------------- __ -- _ $16,063, 400 $2, 536, 600 $18,600, 000 Success Dam and Reservoir_______---_ ____----_- _ $11, 770, 500 2, 129, 500 13, 900, 000 Total...........---.......--------.....----......---------------.. 27, 833, 900 4, 666, 100 32, 500, 000 Note. The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $114,900 for Terminus Reservoir and $43,000 for Success Reservoir. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of De- cember 22, 1944. This act authorized $4,600,000 for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the construction of Success and Terminus Reservoirs. (See H. R. Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 78th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. 559, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Payment, as determined by the Secretary of the Army upon the basis of continuing studies by the Bureau of Reclamation, the Department of the Army, and local organizations, is to be made to the United States by the State or other responsible agency for the conservation storage, when used. The State of California officially adopted the project by chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Project plans and reports are partially completed. Field explorations at Terminus and Success Reservoirs and core drilling at Frazier Valley dike site for Success Reservoir have been accomplished. Preliminary engineering for 1464 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Terminus Reservoir is about 43 percent completed and for Success Reservoir about 60 percent completed. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of project plans, contract plans, and specifications, and construction for Terminus and Success Reservoirs. Total cost of new work to June 30, 1955, was $744,789, of which $343,472 was for Terminus Reservoir and $401,317 for Success Reservoir. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------...... $40, 000 -$5, 211 ------------.------------------------ $744, 789 Cost......----------------- 47,246 6, 930 ------------------------------------ 744, 789 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ $160, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ ---------------------------------------- 160, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 31, 595, 211 18. ISABELLA RESERVOIR, KERN RIVER, CALIF. Location. The area covered by this project comprises the upper watershed of Kern River, its valley alluvial fan (which includes the Buena Vista Lake area and a large portion of that part of the San Joaquin Valley floor south of Tulare Lake), and the Tulare Lake area. Kern River is the most southerly of the major streams flowing into the San Joaquin Valley and drains an area of some 2,400 square miles in the Sierra Nevada. North Fork and South Fork, headwaters of Kern River, have their sources in the high Sierra Nevada, flow south 83 and 82 miles, respectively, and join near the town of Isabella to form Kern River, which flows southwest 72 miles past the city of Bakersfield to a point in the valley trough just north of Buena Vista Lake. River flows at this point are either diverted into the Buena Vista Lake Basin for temporary storage or are carried northwest along the trough of the valley toward Tulare Lake by improved flood and irrigation channels. Under normal conditions of runoff the flow of Kern River below Bakersfield is gradually dissipated by irriga- tion diversions so that Kern River water reaches Tulare Lake only during large floods. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area.) Existing project. The improvement is a unit in the comprehensive plan for flood control and other related purposes for the Sacramento- San Joaquin Basins. The project consists of a 185-foot high earthfill structure, an ungated concrete spillway in the left abutment with a discharge capacity of 53,000 cubic feet per second, and a 100 foot high earthfill auxiliary dam, creating a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 570,000 acre-feet, for flood control, irrigation, and related purposes. Outlet facilities for the Borel Power Canal are included in the auxiliary dam. The dam is located about 50 miles northeast of the city of Bakersfield, Calif., near the confluence of the north and FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1465 south forks of Kern River; the auxiliary dam is about one-half mile east of the main dam. Construction of the dam was completed in April 1953. The improvement provides flood protection for about 350,000 acres of agricultural land and oil fields in the Kern River area and for the .city of Bakersfield. In conjunction with the authorized projects on Kings, Kaweah, and Tule Rivers, it will provide flood protection to 260,000 acres of cropland in the Tulare Lake area. The project also provides an improvement in the average annual irrigation water supply amounting to about 56,000 acre-feet of new water, through reduction in evaporation losses, and provides means for regulating the irrigation supply. No power facilities were provided in the author- ized construction, but existing downstream plants benefit incidentally from reservoir regulations. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $21,100,000, of which $11,355,400 is for lands and damages, including relocations and $9,744,600 for construction. Operation and maintenance of the dam and reservoir is the responsi- bility of the Federal Government; the latest (1955) approved esti- mate for annual Federal cost of this operation and maintenance is $80,000. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the conservation accomplishments of the project. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 513, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Payment, as determined by the Secretary of the Army upon the basis of continuing studies by the Bureau of Recla- mation, the Department of the Army, and local organizations, is to be made to the United States by the State or other responsible agency for the conservation storage when used. Studies to determine the amount of this payment have been initiated. Local interests state they will meet these requirements. The State of California has offi- cially adopted the project by chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work : Engineer- ing, including preparation of contract plans and specifications, was continued. Land acquisition activities have been completed except for legal proceedings. Preparation of the operation and mainte- nance manual and establishment of sedimentation ranges were con- tinued, by hired labor. In addition, hired labor was utilized in connection with purchase and installation of electric tape gages, installation of local wire transmitter facilities for one stream gage, purchase and installation of hydrologic telemetering facilities, and construction of control section in the outlet channel. Removal of Southern California Edison Company power distribution lines and appurtenances was continued, by a continuing contract; construction of a hydrologic telemetering system, initiated in fiscal year 1954, was completed; and construction for protection of Big Blue Mine was accomplished by contract. The following work was initiated during the year by contract: Modification of automatic control and appurte- nances for Borel Canal outlet gates and construction of sanitary facilities for overlook site and miscellaneous work. 1466 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Maintenance: Maintenance and operation of the dam and reser- voir service facilities, and public recreational facilities was accom- plished by hired labor. In addition, hired labor was utilized during the fiscal year for condition and operation inspections and for condition surveys, including maintenance of gages and gage readings. Isabella Reservoir was operated during the fiscal year for flood control and, under an interim contract with North Kern water stor- age district, Buena Vista water storage district, and Tulare Lake Basin water storage district, for conservation. A maximum storage of 44,000 acre-feet occurred during the fiscal year, and- 40,000 acre- feet was in storage at the end of the fiscal year. No releases for flood control were made. Total costs during the year for the project were $179,162, of which $133,728 was for new work and $45,434 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in March 1948; the project is 98 percent complete; and is operating to. provide the flood protection and conservation benefits for which it was designed. Construction of the main dam and Borel Canal out- let works and appurtenances and completion of the auxiliary dam was completed in April 1953. Other major features completed in- clude: Acquisition of lands required for the project except for legal proceedings; relocations of roads and utilities; construction of opera- tional buildings; alteration of Borel Canal and facilities; relocation of United States Forest Service facilities; and reservoir clearing. Items remaining to complete the project consist of completion of work underway; completion of minor public use and sanitary facilities; and the installation of gages and communication facilities- for operating purposes. Project completion is scheduled for official completion December 31, 1955. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1955, was: $20,659,899. Total cost of maintenance for Federal operation and maintenance of the reservoir and appurtenances was $83,220 between July 1953 and June 30, 1955. Total cost for the entire project to June 30, 1955, was $20,743,119. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-........ $2, 855, 000 $4, 500, 000 $6, 980, 000 ....------------... $100, 000 $20, 843, 000 Cost__ _ 2, 175, 863 6, 679, 907 7,453, 309 $476, 768 133, 728 20, 659, 899 Maintenance: Appropriated_-...------------ -------------- ..----------.. 38, 700 47, 430 86,130 Cost_...._ __--_------ .---------------- -------------- 37,786 45, 434 83,220 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $136, 720 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------------- 136, 720 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_ -- --. - 257, 000 FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1467 19. TRUCKEE RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, CALIF. AND NEV. Location. The Truckee River Basin comprises 3,100 square miles in eastern California and western Nevada. The river begins at the outlei of Lake Tahoe, and flows northerly and easterly through Truckee, Calif., and Reno, Nev., to Pyramid and Winnemucca Lakes in Nevada. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles for Truckee and Reno.) Existing project. The project provides for enlargement of the channel for a distance of 3,200 feet downstream from the existing control structure at Lake Tahoe, Calif., and will increase the capacity of the lake outlet from 1,600 to 2,500 cubic feet per second at a lake surface elevation of 6,228. In addition, the project provides for enlargement of the channel through Truckee Meadows for a dis- tance of 7.5 miles downstream from the Second Street Bridge at Reno, Nev., to the second railroad bridge crossing below Vista, with inter- mittent channel improvements below these reaches, to increase the minimum channel capacity to 6,000 cubic feet per second. The improvement will reduce the flooding of the Lake Tahoe shore- line in California and Nevada, and will alleviate flood damages along the Truckee River, especially to the city of Reno, Nev. It is designed to be incorporated ultimately in a comprehensive basin plan of multi- purpose reservoirs for flood control and allied purposes. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $886,000, for construction. The latest estimate (July 1955) of the cost to local interests is $184,000, comprising provision of lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction; debris removal facilities; and relocation of roads and utilities. Maintenance and operation of the project works after completion will be the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 497, 83d Cong., 2d sess., which con- tains the latest published map.) The authorization act provides that the authorization for improvement of Truckee River, Calif. and Nev., shall not become effective unless and until the "Washoe Reclamation Project" on the Truckee and Carson Rivers, Calif. and Nev., shall have been authorized pursuant to law. The Washae Project, as presently contemplated by the United States Bureau of Reclamation, includes the Stampede Reservoir on Little Truckee River, together with an associated power development and drainage improvements along the Truckee River. The Stampede Reservoir would be operated to fur- nish flood protection to the city of Reno in addition to supplementing the channel improvements in the Truckee Meadows area. Local cooperation. Local interests must give assurances satisfac- tory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way required for construction; relocate all roads and utilities required; provide suit- able debris-removal facilities at Derby Dam; hold and save the United States free from damages; and maintain and operate all works after completion. Assurances have not been requested from local interests pending completion of project plans. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. 1468 REPORT OF THE 'CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished to date. Cost and financial swmmary Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project----- ---------------- $886, 000 20. SALT LAKE CITY, JORDAN RIVER, UTAH Location. The Jordan River has its source in Utah Lake, north central Utah, flows northward through a mountain gap for 9 miles, then continues north for 51 miles to enter Great Salt Lake about 15 miles north of Salt Lake City. The flood control improvements are located in and adjacent to Salt Lake City. Existing project. The authorized plan of improvement provides for the construction of flood control works on Jordan River at Salt Lake City, Utah, consisting of a dike and control structures in the river and in the heading of the Surplus Canal at their junction, and by dredging and improving the channel of the river from the southern boundary of the city downstream for a distance of approximately 8.9 miles; enlarging and extending Surplus Canal, with a levee on the east bank, from its heading on Jordan River for a distance of about 7.2 miles; and by modifying existing railroad, highway, and utility facilities. The proposed improvement would provide flood protection to the residential and industrial area in the western part of Salt Lake City, to Highways U. S. 40 and U. S. 50, to 4 railroads entering the city, to irrigation canals and facilities and to about 5,000 acres of lands. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $1,220,000 for construction. The latest estimate (July 1955) of the cost to local interests is $337,000 for lands, easements, and rights-of-way and alterations and construction of the highway facilities, irrigation works, and utilities required by the authorization. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 562, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest map.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required, before work is undertaken, to have responsible local agencies give assurances satis- factory to the Secretary of the Army, that they will (a) provide with- out cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project works, and in addition, bear the expense of all necessary alterations and construction of high- way facilities, irrigation works, and other utilities except railroad bridges and except control structures at the junction of Jordan River and the Surplus Canal; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (c) maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations pre- scribed by the Secretary of the Army. The necessary assurances have not been requested from local interests pending completion of detailed project plans. FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1469 Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Definite project planning is under way; planning is about 50 percent complete. Construction work has not been initiated for this project. Total cost to June 30, 1955, for the project was $42,399. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ........ $4, 892 -$8, 493 . ------------------------.--....-- $42, 399 Cost------------------ 1,454 ---------------------------------------------- -42, 399 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $5, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- ------------------------ 5, 000, Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------------- 1, 122, 601 1July 1954 index. 21. SPANISH FORK RIVER, UTAH Location. Spanish Fork River rises in the Wasatch Mountains in the southeastern part of Utah County, Utah, and flows northwesterly to Utah Lake, a component of the Jordan River system draining into, Great Salt Lake near Salt Lake City. Existing project. The plan of improvement will provide for con- trol of floods along the lower 13 miles of Spanish Fork River adja- cent to the town of Spanish Fork, which is about 55 miles south of Salt Lake City. The project provides for the enlarging, deepening, and straightening of the existing channel from its mouth at Utah Lake upstream to the Lake Shore diversion dam, a distance of 5.3 miles; clearing the channel and constructing levees from the Lake Shore diversion dam upstream about 1.4 miles to an existing county highway bridge just upstream from the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad; and clearing and enlarging the channel and con- structing levees at critical points along the 6.3 mile reach immediately upstream from the bridge. Improvement would be required of about 2 miles of channel through this upstream reach. Modification of two diversion dams, revision of bridge and road facilities, and provisions of necessary protective works at bridge abutments and piers within the limits of the improvements, by local interests, will be required. The project will provide a substantial flood protection for 2,250 acres of improved land in the basin and to highways and railroads. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1955) is $357,000, for construction. The latest estimated first cost (July 1955) to local interests is $85,000, comprising lands and rights- of-way, relocations, and modification of utilities and diversion dams. 1470 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Maintenance and operation of the projects works after completion will be the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc.518, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) pro- vide without cost to the United States all lands, easements and rights- of-way necessary for construction of the works and bear the expense of all necessary alterations of roads, bridges, utilities and irrigation works; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work; and (c) maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. The necessary assurances have not been re- quested from local interests pending completion of detailed project plans; however, they have formed a Spanish Fork flood control com- mittee to support the project and have advised that the requirements of local cooperation will be fulfilled. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys necessary for the overall engineering and design of the project were conducted and are about 85 percent complete. Design memo is about 70 percent complete. Total cost of new work during the year for the project was $18,827. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering was initiated during fiscal year 1955 for this improvement; overall engineering is about 50 percent complete. Construction has not been initiated. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1955, was $18,827. Cost and Ognancia summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-------------------- ----------------------------. $20, 000 $20,000 Cost------- ------------------------------------ 18,828 18, 828 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955___ $733 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------- ------------------- ----------- 733 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project------------------------------ 37,000 FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1471 22. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estiamount Navme of project see Annual Operations required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance Humboldt River and tributaries, Nevada--..--..... 1951---.---- -..-...-. ... . 1 60T 10,900, 000 Little Valley Wash.. Magna, Utah .........--------------- 1951 -.--- .--.-. - _-_1 6 o 707, 000 .Sevier River, near Redmond, Utah ........ 1952 2$919,000 (6)(8) Emergency flood control work under authority of Public Laws 138 and 318., 78th Cong., Public Law, 75, 79th Cong., and 102, 80th Cong ..-.--_ 1951 _----- ..--...-- $3, 069, 099 (8) Emergency bank protection under authority of Sec. 14 of the Flood Control Act approved July 24,1946.---------------------------------- 1953 3 39,852 -------------- (8) Emergency flood control work under authority of sec. 208 of the good Control Act approved June 30, 1948 ..------------ 1953--- 1953 - - - -- 1, 919, 202 (8) 11954. 2 In addition, $48,000 was expended from contributed project funds. 3 In addition, $12,861 was expended from contributed funds. 4 In addition, $184,986 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. 5 In addition, local interests are to contributed $2,762,000 toward the cost of construction, making a total rfirstcost of $13,662,000. 6 The latest estimates (1954) of costs to local interests are as follows: Humboldt River and tributaries, Nev., $1,248,000 in addition to the above cash contribution; Little Valley Wash, Utah, $29,000; Sevier River, Utah, $70,000 in addition to cash contribution. 7 The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is as follows: Humboldt River and tributaries, Nev., $75,000. 8 Completed. 9 Deferred for restudy. to Considered inactive. 23. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORKS Projects authorized subject to specified conditions of local coopera- tion are transferred to responsible local interests upon completion of construction for operation and maintenance in accordance with the requirements of the authorizing legislation. Approved regulations for operation and maintenance of flood control works, part 208, title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, provide for semiannual inspection by the district of completed projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance to determine the status ,ofthe project and to insure compliance with regulations. During fiscal year 1955, inspections were made of the following proj- ects: Sevier River, Redmond and vicinity, Utah; completed units of the Sacramento River flood control project; various emergency flood control works under authority of section 208 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, section 210 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, section 14 of the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, and Public Law 371 approved June 4, 1952; and snagging and clearing projects under authority of section 2 of the Flood Control Act :approved August 28, 1937, as amended. Total cost for maintenance during the year was $2,041. Total costs for maintenance to June 30, 1955, were $10,046. :363037-*5-vo1. -- 9 1472 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ....---------- $4, 450 --------------.. $2, 500 $1, 100 $2, 000 $10, 050 Cost ............. _ 1, 385 $1, 494 4, 022 1, 105 2, 041 10, 046 24. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Operations during the fiscal year included snagging and clearing of Cottonwood Slough and the South Fork Willow Slough in the vicin- ity of Madison, Calif., by hired labor and rented equipment. Local interests furnished assurances, prior to initiation of construction, that they would provide all necessary rights-of-way, hold and save the United States free from damages, and maintain the work after com- pletion. Total costs for new work during fiscal year 1955 were $23,930 from Federal funds. Total costs to June 30, 1955, for new work were $1,279,052, of which $1,275,052 was from Federal funds and $4,000 from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- Ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.......---------. $145, 934 $56, 671 $211, 264 $38, 153 -$15, 046 1$1, 275, 052 Cost ...............-.. 100, 921 141, 012 229, 031 32, 758 23, 930 11, 275, 052 1 In addition, $4,000 was expended from contributed funds. Flood control emergencies-Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. #10 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). Operations during the fiscal year under the provisions of this act consisted of exercises as advance preparation for flood emergencies, by hired labor. Total cost for maintenance during fiscal year 1955 was $1,209. Total costs to June 30, 1955, for maintenance were $1,844,139, of which $1,808,763 was from Federal funds and $35,376 from contributed funds. FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1473 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- $692, 734 $42, 101 $287, 095 -$41, 529 $4, 182 1$1, 814, 234 Cost__---------- ------- 377, 241 279, 165 281, 838 36, 659 4, 209 1, 808, 763 1 In addition, $35,376 was expended from contributed funds. 25. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD CONTROL OPERATIONS In accordance with the provision of section 7 of the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, continuing studies are being con- ducted for the purpose of developing and prescribing regulations for Friant Reservoir, operated by the Bureau of Reclamation. During the fiscal year, navigation flow requirements were analyzed to determine operational criteria for Shasta Reservoir. A draft of the reservoir regulation manual for Shasta Reservoir and draft of flood control regulations for Friant Reservoir were prepared. Data were assembled on weather, river stages and flows, and tidal stages in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River Basins for determination of the effect upon the operation of these reservoirs. In addition, charts of monthly reservoir operations were submitted to the Chief of Engineers. The cost of this work during the fiscal year 1955 was $2,338. Total cost of this work to June 30, 1955, was $26,521. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated _ ... $1, 997 $999 $2,500 $2, 500 $26, 683 Cost_____________ _ _ 1, 997 999 -- 2, 500 2, 338 26, 521 26. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Work performed under this category includes all investigations of authorized navigation and flood control preliminary examination, survey, and review studies for the purpose of determining the ad- visability of recommending projects for construction. Total costs and expenditures during fiscal year 1955 were $28,458, Additional funds in the amount of $99,000 can be profitably ex- pended in fiscal year 1956. These funds would be utilized to expedite the preparation of investigational reports as follows: Merced River, Calif., initiate review of survey report, $25,000; Walnut Creek drain- age area, Contra Costa County, Calif., initiate and complete prelim- inary examination and survey report, $29,000; Jordan River Basin, Utah, continue interim report, $25,000; and Sacramento-San Joaquii Delta, Calif., continue review of survey report, $20,000. 1474 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The additional sum of $224,100 for examinations and surveys can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for preparation of ex- amination and survey reports. 27. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA This activity includes the collection and study of basic data pertain- ing to navigation, flood control, and related programs, which cannot be assigned to authorized projects or examinations and surveys, and which are required for maintaining up-to-date information essential to the proper evaluation of water resources of river basins. Total costs and expenditures during fiscal year 1955 were $2,800. Additional funds in the amount of $20,000 would be utilized for mis- cellaneous studies in connection with collection and study of basic data consisting of streamflow and recording rain gage data, storm studies, and economic studies. The additional funds for miscellaneous studies are considered to be essential to provide for the uninterrupted collec- tion and analysis of basic data for the river basins concerned, and particularly in view of the very limited funds which were made avail- able for expenditure during the prior fiscal year 1955. The additional sum of $22,500 for miscellaneous studies in connection with collection and study of basic data can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for miscellaneous studies consisting of collection and analysis of hydrologic data, storm studies, sedimentation studies, flood investiga- tion, general economic studies, and coordination with Soil Conversa- tion Service. Miscellaneous studies in connection with the collection and study of basic data were conducted to the extent permitted by the very limited funds available for fiscal year 1955. Streamflow data and recording rain gage data were obtained from the operation of general coverage stations in the noncooperative Corps of Engineers stream- gaging program and independent general coverage rain gages oper- ated by Sacramento District which could not be assigned to authorized project or examination and survey investigations. Anal- ysis of flood potential on all principal streams of the Sacramento District was accomplished from current runoff, snow cover, and soil moisture data. Aerial reconnaissaice surveys were conducted of the snowfalls in the Cascade-Sierra Nevada area for rain flood potential and progress of snow melt runoff. In addition, a flood reporting net- work was developed and maintained throughout the district in co- operation with United States Forest Service, United States Weather Bureau, United States Geological Survey, State of California, and local interests. The above studies provided for partial assembly and analysis of basic data covering the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basins and for use in developing the regulations for Shasta and Friant Reservoirs, operated by the Bureau of Reclamation. The develop- ment of these operating regulations, in accordance with section 7 of the 1944 Flood Control Act, are further reported upon under improve- ment No. 25, "Scheduling of flood control operations." IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT This district comprises all of Oregon which lies within the water- shed of Columbia River and tributaries below Irrigon, also the coastal drainage area, together with south central Oregon, not including that part which drains into Klamath Lake and River. It also includes that part of southern Washington within said watershed and down- stream from a point opposite Irrigon, Oreg. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Columbia River and tribu- 18. Siuslaw River, Oreg ....... 1511 taries above Celilo Falls to 19. Umpqua River, Oreg ...... 1512 Kennewick, Wash_ _- _- 1475 20. Coos Bay, Oreg____________ 1515 2. The Dalles Dam, Columbia 21. Coquille River, Oreg ...... 1518 River, Wash. and Oreg___ 1478 22. Other authorized navigation 3. The Dalles-Celilo Canal, projects 1520 Oreg. and Wash________ 1480 4. Columbia River at Bonne- Flood control ville, OregsO___________ 1482 23. Amazon Creek, Oreg ...... 1520 5. Restoration of Indian Fish- 24. Willamette River Basin, ing Grounds, Bonneville, Portland, Oreg., district__ 1521 Oreg , Ore ___ 1485 25. Hills Creek Dam, Oreg_ -- 1525 6. Columbia River between 26. Lookout Point Reservoir, Vancouver, ash., and The Dalles, Oreg -..... 1486 Oreg 1526 27. Cottage Grove Reservoir, 7. Willamette River above Port- Oreg -- - - - - - - - 1529 land and Yamhill River, 1489 28. Dorena Reservoir, Oreg .... 1530 29. Fern Ridge Reservoir, 8. Willamette River at Willam- ette Falls, Oreg ____ 1492 Oreg 1531 9. Columbia and Lower Willam- 30. Cougar Dam, Willamette ette Rivers below Van- River Basin, Oreg_....... 1532 couver, Wash., and Port- 31. Detroit Reservoir, Oreg _ - 1533 land, Oreg__ 1494 32. Willamette River Basin, 10. Cowlitz River, Wash .-.... 1499 Oreg. (bank protection) __ 1536 11. Columbia River between 33. Lower Columbia River Basin, Chinook, Wash., and head Oreg. and Wash___-____ 1538 of Sand Island----- 1500 34. Other authorized flood con- 12. Columbia River at Baker trol projects____________ 1540 Bay, Wash______________ 1501 35. Inspection of completed flood 13. Columbia River at the control works_____ 1542 mouth, Oreg. and Wash__ 1503 36. Flood control work under 14. Nehalem Bay, Oreg .--.... 1504 special authorization..._ _ 1542 15. Tillamook Bay and Bar, General investigations Oreg_-- - - - - - - - 1505 16. Depoe Bay, Oreg________ 1507 37. Examinations and surveys__ 1544 17. Yaquina Bay and Harbor, 38. Collection and study of basic O reg -- - - - - - - - 1509 data _ _ _ - - - 1544 1. COLUMBIA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES ABOVE CELILO FALLS TO KENNEWICK, WASH. Location. This project includes improvement of the 128-mile stretch between the head of Celilo Falls and Kennewick, Wash. For brief description of Columbia River, see page 1503. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Washington.) 1475 1476 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Previous project. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1992 of Annual Report for 1915; page 1889, Annual Report for 1931; and page 1845, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep and 150 feet wide at low water from Celilo Falls to Wallula, with no specified depth or width between Wallula and the mouth of the Snake River; for an approach channel 6 feet deep at low water from the navigation channel in the Columbia River to the site of port development at Arlington, Oreg. The actual cost for new work exclusive of amounts expended on the previous project was $1,356,584. The latest 1954 approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000. The incompleted channel rectification work at Owyhee Rapids, Squally Hook, and at Indian Rapids, is classified as inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion revised in 1954 is estimated to be $419,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Apr. 8,1935 Emergency Relief Appropriation Act authorized the Rivers and Harbors Committee existing project as an Emergency Relief project. Doc. 16, 73d Cono, 2d sess. Aug. 30,1935 Adopted existing project as a river and harbor project ., Mar. 2, 1945 Arlington approach channel __ _-- S. Doc. 28, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 2 Do .- _... Kennewick approach channel ___ H. Doc. 324, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contains latest published map. 2 Construction of McNary Dam has obviated the necessity for this work. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, provides that for the Arlington Channel, local interests give as- surances that they will construct a suitable freight terminal, open to all on equal terms. These assurances were approved December 29, 1947, but a suitable freight terminal has not been constructed. Terminal facilities. There is one public wharf on this stretch of river located at Pasco, Wash. (mile 127.2 above Celilo), and owned by the port of Pasco. A bulk grain elevator of 500,000-bushel capacity with truck, rail, and water connections; storage facilities for handling 10,000,000 gallons of petroleum products with truck, rail, water, and pipeline connections and 1,000,000 gallons with truck, rail, and water connections, and a warehouse for handling general cargo are located adjacent to the wharf. Privately owned storage facilities for handling waterborne com- merce with capacities and locations are as follows: A bulk grain ele- vator of 2,000,000-bushel capacity, with rail, truck, and water con- nections is located at Kennewick, Wash. (mile 127.1 above Celilo), and a 300,000-bushel capacity grain elevator at Arlington, Oreg. (mile 40.8 above Celilo). Other facilities for handling bulk grain from truck to river craft, but without rail connections are as follows: A bulk grain elevator of 400,000-bushel capacity at Port Kelley, Wash. (mile 110.8 above Celilo) ; a 335,000-bushel elevator at Umatilla, Oreg. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1477 (mile 88.2 above Celilo) ; a 540,000-bushel elevator at Patterson, Wash. (mile 77.4 above Celilo) ; and directly across the Columbia River from Patterson, Wash., a 670,000-bushel elevator. At Umatilla, Oreg. (be- tween mile 289.4 and 290.2 above the mouth), there are storage facili- ties for handling approximately 9,200,000 gallons of petroleum prod- ucts and 448,450 gallons of aqua ammonia, with truck, rail, and water connections. There is a railroad located on each bank of the river, but there is no physical connection between the railroad and the river except as noted. At Irrigon, Oreg. (mile 77.6 above Celilo), there is a privately owned wharf for the shipment of lumber and general cargo by barge. Also, on the Oregon shore across the river from Patterson, Wash.. there is a privately owned dock for the shipment of general cargo by barge. Located on the Snake River, main tributary of the Columbia River (between mouth and mile 2.7), there are privately owned storage facili- ties for handling the following: Approximately 46,818,000 gallons of petroleum products, with truck, rail, water, and pipeline connections; 11,411,155 pounds of anhydrous ammonia; 893,646 gallons of aqua ammonia; 25,112 gallons of sulphuric acid; and 1,755,012 gallons of asphalt emulsions with truck, rail, and water connections. These facilities, with planned extensions, are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging of the channel was accomplished by the Government dredge Monticello. A total of 50,220 cubic yards of material was removed at a cost of $50,074. Hydrographic surveys were made at a cost of $3,640. Total costs for the fiscal year were 53,714, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The authorized 7-foot channel 150 feet wide has been completed to the foot of Umatilla Rapids. The controlling depth between Celilo Falls and the foot of Umatilla Rapids is 7 feet, survey of August 1954. For that portion of the project above McNary Dam, project depths and greater are available at all times. The Arlington approach channel was completed in 1948. Total costs have been $2,182,445, of which $1,356,584 (including $400,000 emergency relief administration funds) was for new work and $825,861 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated.---------.....------- ------------- ------------ ---------------- $1, 851, 195 Cost ..----------------- -- -------------- ---------------------- ---------- 1, 851,195 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- $25, 500 $9, 840 $4, 000 $2, 600 $53, 500 926, 763 ost . 25, 500 ...----------------- 9, 840 3, 621 2, 693 53, 714 926, 691 1 Includes $494,611 for new work and $100,830 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $25,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 1478 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, i. S. ARMY, 1955 2. THE DALLES DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, WASH, AND OIEG. Location. The site of this project is on Columbia River at the head of the pool behind Bonneville Dam, approximately 192.5 miles above the mouth of the river and 90 miles east of Portland, Oreg. Existing project. This project provides for a dam, powerplant, navigation lock and appurtenant facilities. The improvement will provide for navigation and hydroelectric power generation. The dam is designed for a normal pool at elevation 160 mean sea level. The normal pool will create a reservoir extending upstream about 31 miles, providing slackwater to the John Day Dam site. The total length of The Dalles Dam will be approximately 8,700 feet and will consist of a rock, gravel, and sand closure section from the Oregon shore connecting to the powerhouse, then concrete non-over- flow sections connecting the spillway with the powerhouse and the spillway with the navigation lock located at the right abutment on the Washington shore. Fish passing facilities including two ladders will be provided. The 2,150-foot powerhouse will be constructed for 14 units which are to be installed initially and substructure will be constructed for 8 additional units, an ultimate total of 22 units. The rated capacity of each unit is to be 78,000 kilowatts and the initial installation is to be 1,092,000 kilowatts. The spillway dam will be 1,380 feet long and located near the right abutment. The overflow crest at elevation 121 mean sea level will be surmounted with 23 radial gates 50 feet wide by 43 feet high which will provide capacity to pass a spillway design flood of 2,290,000 cubic feet per second. The deck will be at elevation 185.0 mean sea level and will provide a service road and track for two gantry cranes. The navigation lock will have clear plan dimensions of 86 feet by 675 feet and a single lift of about 87.5 feet with minimum depth over the sill 15 feet and normally 20 feet. The lock will include upstream and downstream guard and guidewalls to protect boats and tows from adverse currents. The structures will be founded on Columbia River basalt. The estimate of cost for new work approved in 1955 is $270,000,000 of which $59,173,700 is for lands and damages, including relocations, and $210,826,300 for construction. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor and Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, House Document No. 531, 81st Congress, 2d session. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the project continued satisfactorily throughout the fiscal year with all phases of work progressing approximately as scheduled. Placing of concrete in the spillway dam and appurtenances was: continued, and installation of the Tainter gates and operating machinery was in progress. Spillway foundation grouting by hired labor was also well underway. Construction of the powerhouse substructure, including east fislh ladder, and nonoverflow dam, was continued slightly ahead of schedule, with concrete being placed at the end of the fiscal year, in the substructure, east fish ladder, and east nonoverflow dam. The RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1479 phase I construction of the west powerhouse fish entrance, the as- sembly bay, fish turbine bay, and main unit bays Nos. 1 and 2 were completed. Construction of the powerhouse superstructure, initiated January 1955, was progressing ahead of schedule with excavation work and concrete placing in the west nonoverflow dam and south fishway underway. Work on the navigation lock, initiated Septem- ber 1954, continued with excavation underway and concrete placing in progress in the guard and guide walls, and north fishway. Grading work and construction of railroad bridges for relocation of the Union Pacific Railroad and U. S. Highway No. 30 on the Oregon shore were in progress under several continuing contracts. Approximately 11.6 miles of railroad grade and 9.1 miles of highway were completed, and 5.0 miles and 3.6 miles, respectively, substantially completed under two contracts. Track laying and signal installa- tion by the Union Pacific Railroad and highway bridge construction and road surfacing by the State highway department were in prog- ress. On the Washington shore, work was initiated February 1955, for grading and track laying approximately 14 miles of relocated Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway. Operations were progress- ing satisfactorily at the end of the fiscal year. Design and fabrication of turbines, generators, powerhouse intake gates and appurtenances, bridge cranes, and other miscellaneous powerhouse equipment were underway under various contracts, with no delay in meeting the scheduled completion dates anticipated. Contract plans and specifications covering construction of the closure dam and for the installation of electrical and mechanical equipment in the powerhouse were essentially completed. It is pro- posed to award two continuing contracts for the work before the end of the calendar year 1955. Land acquisition was continued and settlement negotiations with the Indian tribes in connection with their Celilo Falls fishing rights were continued. 'Total costs for the fiscal year were $63,308,907-all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project ini- tiated February 1952 is 37 percent complete as a whole. Construction of the spillway dam is 87 percent complete and is scheduled to be 100 percent complete December 1955. Construction ,of the powerhouse substructure for the first 14 main units 89 percent complete, will be 100 percent complete December 1955. Substructure for units 15 through 22 and appurtenant work is 66 percent complete with completion scheduled for April 1956. The powerhouse super- structure is 12 percent complete and will be 100 percent complete July 1958. Work on the navigation lock facilities has progressed to 32 percent completion and the lock is scheduled to be opened to river traffic April 1957. Railroad and highway relocation work is 50 percent complete. Construction of the river closure dam and appurtenant work is scheduled to be initiated in the fall of 1955, by continuing contract. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $101,432,319, all for new work. 1480 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARIY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated.........-------- $800, 000 $4,000,000 $19, 876, 000 $32, 000, 000 1$36,000,000 1$92, 676, 000 Cost------------------ 542, 207 2, 993, 596 12, 696, 907 21, 890, 701 63, 308, 907 101, 432, 319 1Does not include loans to be repaid in fiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ...---. -$19, 211 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 63, 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ 63, 480, 789 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________________ 113, 824, 000 3. THE DALLES-CELILO CANAL, OREG. AND WASH. Location. This improvement embraces about 12 miles of the Co- lumbia River between The Dalles and Celilo, Oreg. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey map of Oregon.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894. For further details see page 1993 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1842 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for open river improvement from the foot of Threemile Rapids to the foot of The Dalles (Fivemile) Rapids, and a continuous canal on the Oregon shore from the foot of The Dalles (Fivemile) Rapids to the head of Celilo Falls, the canal to have a depth of 8 feet, width of 65 feet at the bottom, and length of 81/2 miles, with 4 locks, as follows: Detailed information of locks Dimensions Lift Avail- Miles Great- able from est depth When lower Lock Foundation length Clear Low High on com- Cost en- avail- width water r water lower pleted trance able for (feet) (feet) (feet) sill full (feet) width (feet) 0 Big Eddy lock 1____ Rock ...... - 265 45 44. 7 18 9. 2 1941 $477, 600 1. 6 Fivemile lock ........ __ _ .... do ____ 265 45 10. 1 15 8. 7 1915 246, 700 5.2 Tenmile lock a_____........do-...... 265 50 6 7.8 1915 149, 600 8. 1 Celilo lock ________-- .. ..... do ...... 265 45 -------- 6 7. 9 1915 103, 200 1 Originally constructed tandem locks converted to single lift lock in 1941. 2 Not used at low water. There are no dams in the canal. The lower end of the canal is about 4 miles and the lower end of the Threemile Rapids about 11/2 miles above The Dalles, Oregon. The normal pool level at the lower end of the canal has an eleva- tion of 72.5 feet above mean sea level and the highest flood 114.2 feet above mean sea level. At the upper end of the canal the normal fresh- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1481 ets are about 18 feet and the maximum rise 33 feet. The canal was designed to operate to a stage of 18 feet at the upper pool and is then "drowned out" until the river recedes to a stage of 18 feet. The actual cost for new work was $4,669,092.23, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The estimate of annual cost of operation and care, made in 1952, is $172,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905 (Annual Report, 1904, p. 3475). Operation and care of the canal were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. For latest published map see Annual Report for 1915, page 3380. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. The canal and locks were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year except for the period from noon, December 13, to 8 a. m. December 15, 1954, when the locks and canal were closed for inspection, cleaning, and repair. The various items of maintenance (operation and care) and their costs were as follows: Operation of locks and canal________------------------- $80, 970 Ordinary maintenance and repair____________ --- _-- ___---- ______ 4, 589 Total costs for the fiscal year were_________________------------- 85, 559 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was completed in 1919. The originally constructed tandem locks at Big Eddy were converted into a single-lift lock in 1941. The dimensions of the locks and canal are inadequate for the pres- ent-day traffic. However, the pool behind The Dalles Dam, a mul- tiple-purpose project now under construction, will, when created, inundate the existing facilities of the Dalles-Celilo Canal and pro- vide adequate navigation facilities. The Dalles Dam navigation lock is scheduled to be placed in operation April 1, 1957. Total costs under the existing project have been $6,834,339, of which $4,669,092 was for new work, $5,445 for maintenance, and $2,159,802 for operation and ordinary maintenance. In addition, the sum of $525,267 was expended between May 5, 1915, and June 30, 1935, on operation and care of the project, under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ....-.. _ ___----------_ - ._ 4, 716, 205 Cost----------------------- ------------- 4, 716, 205 Maintenance: Appropriated -.. _ ..- $151, 000 $120, 000 $97, 000 $110, 000 $70, 276 2, 689, 148 Cost----------------- 132, 912 140, 126 110, 693 95, 708 85, 559 2, 690, 515 1Includes $47,113 for new work for previous projects. 1482 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 4. COLUMBIA RIVER AT BONNEVILLE, OREG. Location. This project is located on Columbia River, 42 miles east of Portland, Oreg., about 144 miles above the mouth of the river. For description of Columbia River, see page 1503. Existing project. This project provides for a dam, powerplant, and lock, for power and navigation. The spillway dam extends across the main river channel from the Washington shore to Bradford Island, which divides the river at this point. The overflow crest at 24 feet above mean sea level is surmounted by 18 vertical lift steel gates placed between piers which extend to elevation 99 feet where a service roadway permits the operation of two 350-ton gantry cranes for regulating the gates. The powerhouse extending across Brad- ford Slough to the Oregon shore has an installation of 10 units, con- sisting of 2 units of 43,200 kilowatts each and 8 units of 54,000 kilowatts each, totaling 518,400 kilowatts. The ordinary and extreme fluctuations of the river at the lower lock gate are about 21 and 47 feet, respectively. The project includes fish ladders and locks to serve both the main channel and the Bradford Slough channel. The lock and powerhouse are founded on andesite, and the main dam rests upon solidified sedimentary rock of volcanic origin. The pool created by the dam provides a navigable channel with a depth of 30 feet and over between Bonneville and Big Eddy, a distance of 47 miles. The principal data concerning the ship lock and spillway dam are shown in the following table: Ship lock Dimensions: Clear width of chamber_- - 76 feet. Greatest length available for full width - 500 feet. Lift (vertical): At extreme low water and normal pool 66 feet. level. At normal river stage__ 59 feet. At extreme high water_ -- - About 30 feet. Depth over miter sills at adopted low water_ 24.2 feet. Character of foundation----------------------Andesite. Opened to navigation________________________ January 1938. Spillway dam Type of construction_ Concrete, gravity. Completed _-___--- 1938. Capacity_ __ _ --------- ----- 1,600,000 cubic feet per second. Elevation of gate sills on crest of spillway --- 23.3 feet. Height above lowest foundation -- About 170 feet. Length of dam proper____________ 1,090 feet. Length of dam overall__________-_____- 1,230 feet. Width at base_________________-- 200 feet. Gate openings --------------- 18. Crest overflow (above mean sea level) --....... 24 feet. Pool elevation (normal) (above mean sea level)__ 72 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1483 Powerplant Length-___ ----------- 1,027 feet. Width_ __________ 190 feet. Height (roof to bedrock) -- 190 feet. Generator (station unit)---- 1--4,000-kw. 0.8 power factor. Generators-------------------------------- 2-43,200-kw. 0.9 power factor. 8-54,000-kw. 0.9 power factor. Total rated capacity 518,400-kw. 0.9 power factor. Speed -------------- 75 revolutions per minute. The actual cost of the dam, navigation lock, 10-power unit gener- ating installation, fishways, and attendant buildings and grounds is $83,210,608, of which $6,072,480 is for navigation facilities, $39,322,037 is for power facilities, and $37,816,091 is for joint facilities, consisting of dam, fishways, buildings, and grounds, and the headwall section of power units 0 to 6, cost of which ($2,106,000) is allocated to dam and reservoir facilities. The estimated annual cost approved in 1953 of operation and maintenance exclusive of improvements, reconstruction, or contingencies, is $1,215,000. Of this amount $55,000 is for naviga- tion, $560,000 for power and $600,000 for joint facilities. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts Acts Work authorized Documents The existing project was originally authorized Sept. 30, 1933, by the Federal Emergency Administra- tion of Public Works. Aug. 30, 1935 Existing project authorized by Congress----_-_ _-- Senate committee print, 73d Cong., 2d sess. (report of Chief of En- gineers, dated Aug. 21, 1933). Aug. 20,1937 This act authorized the completion, maintenance, (Pub. 329, and operation of the Bonneville project under the 75th Cong.) direction of the Secretary of War and the super- vision of the Chief of Engineers, subject to certain provisions contained therein relating to the powers and duties of the Bonneville Power Administrator. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was in con- tinuous operation throughout the fiscal year, with ordinary mainte- nance and repairs accomplished as required. The navigation lock was in continuous operation, except from 8 a. m., December 6, to 8 a. m., December 20, 1954, when annual overhaul was accomplished. Restoration of the eroded and damaged baffle deck on the south half of the spillway was completed by contract, April 1955. Repair of the navigation lock swing bridge rest and fender was also accom- plished. Painting of five residences, the downstream face of the navigation lock lower miter gate, and the lower mooring facilities was completed. At the end of the fiscal year, construction of experimental fish fa- cilities at the Washington shore fish ladder was nearing completion. A total of 486,458 persons visited the project during the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year were $1,961,070. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project, init- iated October 1933, was completed February 19, 1953. The naviga- tion lock was placed in operation in January 1938. The spillway dam 1484 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and the first two power units were placed in operation during the fiscal year 1938. The powerhouse, with the complete installation of 10 units, was in operation in December 1943. The total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $98,300,865, of which $83,210,608 was for new work ($39,322,037 for power facilities and $43,888,571 for other than power) and $15,090,257 for operation and care ($6,941,840 for power facilities and $8,148,417 for other than power). The costs of new work include $32,440,700 Emergency Re- lief Administration funds. Power production and revenues. Electrical power energy gener- ated excepting that portion required for the operation of the project, is delivered to the transmission lines of the Bonneville Power Admin- istration for disposition in accordance with the terms of the Bonne- ville Act. During the fiscal year 1955, a total of 4,336,377,000 kilo- watt-hours was so delivered and 18,533,000 kilowatt-hours used for operation of the project, a total of 4,354,899,000 generated. Total generated by years, in thousands of kilowatt-hours, from 1939 through 1955 is as follows: Delivered to Fiscal year Total generation Bonneville Power Administration 1939-------------------------------------------------------- 39,750 34,874 1940------------------------------------------------------ 218,063 208,426 1941 ....--------------------------------------------------------- 907, 729 894,177 1942 ..--------------------------------------------------------- 1,826, 048 1,807,309 1943-------------------------------------------------------- 2,815,954 2,801,480 1944 ..------------- ----------------------------------------- 3, 502, 610 3, 488, 874 1945----------------------------------------------------- 3,405, 231 3,391, 128 1946--------------------------------------------------------- 2, 691,503 2,674,834 1947 -------------------------------------------------------- 3, 711,155 3,695,255 1948 ---------------- ---------------------------------- 4,008,064 3,991,860 1949--------------------------------------------------------- 3, 885,101 3, 868,558 1950 - ----------------------------------------------- 3,708,564 3,689,309 1951------------------------------------------------------ 3, 811, 032 3,793,276 1952 -- ... --------------------------------------------- 4, 480,174 4, 462, 935 1953------------ ---------------------------------------- 4, 242,522 4,227,463 1954 ----------- ------------------------------------------ 4, 422, 592 4, 406 265 1955 ------------------ --------------- - ------ -- 4,354,899 4,336,366 Receipts from power sales by the Bonneville Power Administration are deposited in the United States Treasury as required by law, but allocated to the project in accordance with memorandum-of-under- standing with Bonneville Power Administration. Amounts so allo- cated are independent of the amount of power generated and deliver- ed and are designed to cover (1) operation and maintenance expense applicable to power operations, (2) interest at the rate of 2.5 percent per annum on that portion of Govermnent expenditures allocated to power, and (3) scheduled repayment of construction cost, including replacements, allocated to power, over a 50-year period beginning July 1, 1944. During the fiscal year 1955 the amount of $3,400,000 was so deposited and $6,535 returned to United States Treasury by Corps of Engineers of which sum the amount of $1,249,087 was for repayment of project operating expenses applicable to power, $816,- 350 for repayment of interest expense applicable to power, and $1,- 341,098 for amortization of construction costs, including replacements applicable to power. As of June 30, 1955, the sum of $52,232,335 has been deposited in the United States Treasury to the credit of the proj- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1485 ect, of which $10,218,206 was for repayment of operating expenses applicable to power, $18,990,156 for interest expense applicable to power and $23,023,973 for amortization (including replacements) of construction costs applicable to power. Of a total of $98,300,865 ex- pended to date on the project for construction, operation and main- tenance, and replacements, the amount of $67,616,665 or 69 percent, has been for direct and allocated portions of power features. Summary of governmental investments and expenses for power purposes as of June 30, 1955, and repayments thereon are tabulated below: Investment Construction costs (including interest during construc- tion)------------------------------------- $59, 593, 409 Replacements (net retirements) ------------- 223, 368 Total cost of fixed plant----------------------__ 59, 816, 777 New other assets ------------------------------- 17, 602 Total capital investment----------------------------$59, 834, 379 Expenses Operation and maintenance (excluding depreciation)- 10, 218, 206 Interest ------------------------------------- 18, 990, 156 Total expenses ------------------------------------- 29, 208, 362 89, 042, 741 Repayments Total expenses (currently repaid) ------- 29, 208, 362 Amortization of capital investment 1 (including de- preciation) --------------------------------- 23, 023, 928 Total repayments--- ---------------------------- 52, 232, 335 Net remaining capital investment to be repaid_---------------- 36, 810, 407 89, 042, 741 1 Represents 38 percent of total capital investment though only 11 years, or 22 percent, of scheduled pay- ment period has elapsed. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to1951 New work: Appropriated......... -$412, 419 ...... . -$72, 000 -$976 ..------------ $83, 210, 608 Cost-....-- ----------- 655, 028 $186, 663 18, 043 1-175, 000 .-----------.83, 210, 608 Maintenance: Appropriated ......-------- 1, 319, 500 1,110, 000 1,192, 000 1, 676,183 $1, 618, 278 15, 110, 989 Cost--..------------- 1,171, 291 1, 255, 367 1,149, 541 1, 539, 286 1, 961, 070 15, 090, 256 1Represents offset for derrick barge Cascadereceived from military surplus without expenditure, which is now distributed to cost. 5. RESTORATION OF INDIAN FISHING GROUNDS, BONNEVILLE, OREG. Location. Columbia River between Bonneville and The Dalles, Oreg. and Wash. 1486 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Existing project. The Secretary of War was authorized, under such terms and conditions as he may deem advisable, to acquire lands and provide facilities in the States of Oregon and Washington to replace Indian fishing grounds submerged or destroyed as a result of the construction of Bonneville Dam: Provided, That not to exceed $50,000 may be expended for this purpose from funds heretofore or hereafter appropriated for maintenance and improvement of exist- ing river and harbor works: Provided further, That such lands and facilities shall be transferred to the Secretary of the Interior for the use and benefit of the Indians, and shall be subject to the same conditions, safeguards, and protections as the treaty fishing grounds submerged or destroyed. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract was awarded but work not initiated for improvement of the Wind River site, Washington. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,926. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 61 percent complete. Camp sites for Indian fishing grounds have been constructed at Under- wood, Wash., and at Lone Pine site in vicinity of The Dalles, Oreg. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $30,575. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------_ _----------- - ------------- $10,512 $50, 000 cost----------------- $2,844 $8,360 477 $10, 063 $1, 1,926 30,575 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- ------------------------------------------ $12, 325 6. COLUMBIA RIVER BETWEEN VANCOUVER, WASH., AND THE DALLES, OREG. Location. On Columbia River, between the Interstate Bridge at Vancouver, Wash., 106.5 miles above the mouth and The Dalles, Oreg., mile 191, a distance of 84.5 miles. For description of Columbia River, see page 1503. Existing project. This provides for a channel 27 feet deep at low water and 300 feet wide between Vancouver, Wash., and The Dalles, Oreg., 85 miles; a channel 10 feet deep at low water and 300 feet wide at the upstream entrance to Oregon Slough, Oreg.; a suitable turning basin adjacent to the site of port development in the vicinity of Camas and Washougal, Wash.; a boat basin at Hood River, Oreg., 500 by 1,300 feet and 10 feet deep at normal Bonneville pool level, with a connecting channel of the same depth to deepwater, and a protecting breakwater on the easterly side; a barge channel to the waterfront at Bingen, Wash., 10 feet deep at normal Bonneville pool level, 200 feet wide and approximately RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1487 1 mile long, and for an access channel 7 feet deep at normal Bonneville pool level, 100 feet wide and approximately 1,000 feet long, to a natural mooring basin for small boats near the east end of the channel; and for the construction of The Dalles Harbor, Oreg., to provide a breakwater and shear boom protected basin approximately 400 feet by 800 feet in size with depth of 8 feet below a pool elevation of 72.5 feet mean sea level. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at Vancouver is about 2/2 feet and at Bonneville about 0.2 foot at low stages of the river. Extreme tidal ranges are about 3 feet and 0.4 foot, respectively. Annual freshets average about 21 feet at Vancouver, while the highest known stage reached 33 feet above low water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $6,770,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $480,000. The existing project was authorized under the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26,1937 Construction of a channel 27 feet deep by 300 feet House Committee 1 Doc. 94, 74th from Vancouver, Wash., to Bonneville, Oreg. Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of Camas Washougal turning basin______ H. Doc. 218, 76th Cong., 1st sess. July 24,1946 Construction of a channel 27 feet deep by 300 feet H. Doc. 704, 79th Cong., 2d sess. wide from Bonneville, Oreg., to The Dalles, Oreg. Do ----- Construction of a channel 10 feet deep and 300 feet Do. wide at the upper entrance to Oregon Slough, Oreg. Do ---- Construction of a boat basin at Hood River, Oreg., Do. 10 feet deep, 500 feet wide, by 1,300 feet long. Do ---- Construction of a barge channel at Bingen, Wash., Do. 10 feet deep, 200 feet wide, by 1 mile long, and an access channel 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, by 1,000 feet long to natural mooring basin. 1 Do ..... Construction of The Dalles Harbor 8 feet deep, 400 S. Doc. 89, 79th Cong. feet wide by 800 feet long. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, provides in connection with the Camas-Washougal turning basin that local interests furnish assurances that they will construct a suitable freight terminal, open to all on equal terms, and bear addi- tional cost of disposing of dredged material behind bulkheads pro- vided by them; and provides that no dredging will be performed by the United States within 50 feet of the proposed dock. The act of July 24, 1946, provides that for improvements at Hood River, Oreg., and at Bingen, Wash., local interests furnish free of cost to the United States ail necessary rights-of-way, agree to maintain depths in the basins, and to construct, operate, and maintain necessary mooring facilities and public wharf available to all on equal terms. For The Dalles, the act of July 24, 1946, provides that local interests (1) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way required for new work, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work, and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, (2) provide necessary bulkheads, and (3) agree to construct, maintain, and operate within the basin suitable moorages and a public landing 363037-55-vol. 2 94 1488 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 with adequate supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. Assur- .ances of local cooperation for The Dalles Harbor were approved by the ,Secretary of the Army October 5, 1948. Terminal facilities. At Vancouver, Wash., immediately upstream from the highway bridge, are a private sand and gravel wharf, a United States Coast Guard dock, a private towboat moorage equipped with marine railway, and facilities for transfer of bulk petroleum from river barges. (For further details concerning facilities at Van- couver see Port Series No. 33, Corps of Engineers, published in 1953.) At North Portland, Oreg., on the south bank of the river, about 1.7 miles upstream from the highway bridge, is a recently completed wharf with a 110-ton crane used for transfer of cargo from truck to .water. At Camas, Wash., about 13.5 miles upstream from Vancouver, are located a private wharf used for transfer of paper mill supplies and paperto and from barges, and also facilities for discharging bulk ~oils from barges. The port of Camas-Washougal has a wharf 528 feet in length at Washougal, Wash., which will be available for oceangoing vessels when a suitable channel is provided. At the port of The Dalles (mile 44 above Bonneville) there is a municipal wharf 125 by 1,100 feet for use by both ocean vessels and river boats. There are two 1-story timber and corrugated-iron ware- houses, each 94 by 461 feet, on this wharf with rail connections. There is also a municipal oil terminal consisting of a concrete and timber wharf 27 by 193 feet, located about a mile below the main wharf. There are private storage tanks with a total capacity of 2,300,000 gal- lons located near this terminal for handling petroleum products. ,Storage tanks have rail, truck, and water connections. A private ,elevator with a capacity of 40,000 bushels and a public elevator of 868,000-bushel capacity for handling bulk grain to river craft are also located at The Dalles. The public elevator has rail, truck, and water ,connections. There is a privately owned rail connection about three- fourths mile below the municipal wharf where certain types of cargo may be handled between railroad cars and river boats or barges by ,over means of a derrick of up to 22-ton capacity. At numerous locations the entire waterway are log rollways for transfer of logs to water from trucks. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hydrographic surveys were made September 1954 at a cost of $11,405. The repair of existing pile dikes and construction of dolphins were accomplished at a cost of $26,395. A total of 391,150 cubic yards of material was removed by Government plant at a cost of $68,537. Total costs for the fiscal year were $106,337, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 46 percent ,complete. Dredging of the main channel between Vancouver and Bonneville was completed to project dimensions of 27 feet deep and 300 feet wide in 1949. Some work, consisting of the improvement of the lower entrance to Bonneville canal, remains to be accomplished. This channel, at the present time, is used principally for barge transporta- tion and log towing and is maintained to a depth of 15 feet which is adequate for existing traffic. Depths of 20 feet or more are available RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1489 between Bonneville and The Dalles. Construction of The Dalles Harbor was completed in 1949. No construction work has been done on the 27-foot channel between Bonneville and The Dalles, the channel at the upper entrance to Oregon Slough, the Camas-Washougal turning basin, the Hood River boat basin, or the Bingen Channels. Total costs have been $3,765,272, of which $3,074,513 was for new work and $690,759 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---.... -- $304, 280 .........------...--....---------..................---------..------------... $3, 074, 513 Cost-----------..----------.....--..-----------------------------------............ 3, 074, 513 Maintenance: Appropriated......... - 56, 331 $48, 013 $55, 200 $8, 300 $106, 100 692, 016 Cost--------------- 56, 331 48, 013 54, 462 7, 543 106, 337 690, 759 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project------_ -------- $3, 695, 487 7. WILLAMETTE RIVER, ABOVE PORTLAND, AND YAMHILL RIVER, OREG. Location. The Willamette River rises in the Cascade Range in southwestern Oregon, flows northerly, and empties into the Columbia River about 100 miles from the sea. Its length from the source of the Middle Fork is about 294 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6155 and the U. S. Geological Survey map, State of Oregon.) The Yamhill River rises in the coast range, flows easterly, and empties into the Willamette River about 42 miles above Portland. Its length from the source of the South Fork is about 52 miles. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1997 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1754 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for improvement of Willamette River between Portland (14 miles above the mouth) and Oregon City (mile 26) by a channel 8 feet deep at low water, 200 feet wide below Cedar Island and 150 feet wide thence to Oregon City; for such chan- nel improvement and contraction works as may be necessary to secure with streamflow regulation, controlling depths of 6 feet at low water and of no prescribed width, from Oregon City to the mouth of San- tianu River (mile 108.5), 5 feet from that point to Albany (mile 120), 2.5 to 3.5 feet deep from Albany to Corvallis (mile 132), and for a channel 2.0 to 2.5 feet deep from Corvallis to Eugene (mile 185) ; and for necessary snagging between Corvallis and Harrisburg (mile 163). The project also provides for a channel in Yamhill River 4 feet deep at low water and 60 feet wide from its mouth to McMinnville (18 miles) secured by means of a lock and dam near Lafayette and by the removal of obstructions. The section of Willamette River in the vi- 1490 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 cinity of Willamette Falls at Oregon City is covered by the project described on page 1492 of this report. The following table shows the principal features of the lock and dam in Yamhill River: Location ___________________________ 1 miles below Lafayette, Oreg., 8 miles above the mouth. Usable lock dimensions_________________ 1 lock, 175 by 38 feet. Lift of lock _ ___________ 16 feet. Depth on sills at low water - 4 feet on upper sill; 2 feet on lower sill. Character of foundation _ Timber piling in clay. Kind of dam--------------------------__ Fixed. Type of construction-------------------Timber crib. Date of completion -------------------- Sept. 21, 1900. Cost--------------------------------- $72,164.83. For the Willamette River below the falls at Oregon City ordinary fluctuation of stage of water is 15 feet and the extreme fluctuation due to flood conditions 35 to 50 feet. Above Oregon City the ordinary fluctuation is 12 to 20 feet and the extreme is 20 to 27 feet. For the Yamhill River the ordinary fluctuation is 35 feet and the extreme 48 feet. Tidal changes val'y from about 21/2 feet at the mouth of the Willamette to zero, 26 miles above the mouth. The approved estimate (1955) of cost for new work is $2,560,000. The latest 1955 approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $450,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3,1896 Improvement of Williamette River above Oregon H. Doc. 260, 54th Cong., 1st sess. City. (Annual Report, 1896, p. 3309). Do ....... Improvement of Yamhill River by lock and dam Annual Report, 1895, p. 3602. construction. Project modified in 1904 by abandoning the 20-mile Annual Report, 1904, p. 3529. stretch of the river between Harrisburg and Eugene as unworthy of improvement. July 25,1912 For a 6-foot channel in the Willamette River below H. Doc. 438, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Oregon City. July 3, 1930 For the 8-foot channel between Portland and Oregon H. Doc. 372, 71st Cong., 2d sess. City. (contains latest published map). June 26, 19341 Operating and care of the lock and dam in Yamhill River and provided for with funds from War De- partment appropriations for rivers and harbors. June 28, 1938 2 Stream flow regulation with controlling depths of 6 H. Doe. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. feet to the mouth of Santiam River and 5 feet to Albany with enlargement of locks at Oregon City. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Flood Control Act. Terminal facilities. Between Portland and Willamette Falls the terminal facilities consist of privately owned mill wharves, sand and gravel wharves, and oil-receiving stations. Above the falls there are privately owned landings including a facility at pulp siding (3 miles above the falls) with rail and water connections for shipment of clay and receipt of paper mill products, by barge. About 5 miles down- stream from Albany there is a tank farm of 1,367,100-gallon capacity with truck and water connection which receives petroleum by barge from Portland. At numerous locations over the entire waterway there are log rollways with water and rail or truck connections to facilitate RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1491 the movement of logs to mills in the lower Columbia and Willamette Rivers. These facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging by contract plant and dredging and snag removal by Government plant and hired labor maintained sufficient depths for the requirements of present navigation. Releases of stored water from Fern Ridge, Cottage Grove, Detroit, Lookout Point, and Dorena Reservoirs aided materially during low water periods in providing sufficient depths for existing traffic. For detailed information on reservoir releases see pages covering those reservoirs under "Flood control projects." The various items of maintenance and their costs during the fiscal year were as follows: Dredging : Government plant, 758,170 cubic yards removed----------------$289,418 Contract plant, 30,715 cubic yards removed--------------------- 12,230 Snagging and clearing------------------------- ---- 1,073 Leveling and disposal of dredged material ----------------------- 32,069 Hydrographic surveys__ ----------------------------------------- 26,494 Total costs for the fiscal year were $361,283 for operation and mnaintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 43 percent complete. The 8-foot channel between Portland and Oregon City and a 2.5- to 3.5-foot channel between Oregon City and Albany were completed in 1939. The 2.5- to 3.5-foot channel between Albany and Corvallis was completed in 1945. The remaining work required to complete the project consists of the construction of such contraction works and channel improvements as may be necessary, with streamflow regulation, to secure controlling depths of 6 feet at low water from Oregon City to the mouth of Santiam River, and 5 feet from that point to Albany. Controlling depths at low water are 8 feet from Portland to Oregon City, and 3.5 feet from Oregon City to Corvallis. In Yamhill River, the controlling depth is 4 feet from the mouth to Yamhill lock. Traffic is confined to towboats, log rafts, launches, and dredges. Between Oregon City and Pulp Siding (about 3 miles) and between Oregon City and Portland, barges are used in the transportation of paper and woodpulp products. Due to lack of use by commercial traffic for which the facilities were provided, operation of Yamhill lock was discontinued February 7, 1954. Total costs under the existing project, from Federal funds, have been $7,875,065, of which $615,170 was for new work, $7,115,767 for main- tenance and $144,128 for operation and care. In addition, the sum of $106,433 was expended between September 24, 1900, and June 30, 1935, on operation and care of the improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such purposes. The additional sums of $7,500 were expended from contributed funds for maintenance and $484,900 from Emergency Relief Administration funds for new work. 1492 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated .. ------------ ---------------------------------------------- 1$862,917 Cost-------..----------------------------------------------------------- 1862, 917 Maintenance: Appropriated- .--- -. $357, 250 $358, 765 $357, 000 $405, 800 $361, 300 27, 392, 614 Cost_ -_ .__-- -.-- 423, 291 364, 478 349, 798 387, 645 361, 283 2 7,366, 328 1 Includes $247,748 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $484,900 was expended from Emergency Relief Administration flood control funds for bank protection for new work and $7,500 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project _- - $1, 459, 9301 8. WILLAMETTE RIVER AT WILLAMETTE FALLS, OREG. Location. The locks and the dam covered by this project are, located at Willamette Falls, a rocky reef in the Willamette River at Oregon City, Oreg., about 26 miles above the mouth of the river. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a new single-lift main lock and a guard lock each with clear dimensions of 56 feet by 400 feet and minimum depth over the sills of 91/2 feet, to replace the authorized existing facilities which were provided for by the purchase, rehabilitation, and deepening to 6 feet at low water of the existing canal and locks and the separation of the canal from the water power intake by construction of a concrete division wall. The total length of the existing canal and locks is about 3,500 feet. The following table shows the principal features of the existing canal and locks at Willamette Falls: 1 Usable lock dimensions----------_ Series of 4 locks, each 1752 by 37 feet. Lock 1 (lower), 22.5 feet; lock 2, 8.7 feet; Lift of each lock__-----------------_ lock 3, 10.9 feet; lock 4 (upper), 8.1 feet.. Depth on miter sills at low water. Lower lock, 8.4 feet; upper lock, 6 feet. Character of foundation ---------- Rock.3 Kind of dam_------------------ Fixed. Type of construction---------__ Concrete. Year of completion-------------- 1873; purchased by United States Apr. 26, 1915. Cost -------------------------- Unknown; purchase price, $375,000. 1 A guard lock 210 by 40 feet, which is used only at higher stages of water, is located at the upper end of- the canal basin. 2 A concrete division wall, 1,227 feet long, extending from lock 4 to the guard lock, separates the upper basin of the canal from the head race, which formerly led directly from the basin and supplied water for the powerplants operated by the Crown Willamette Paper Co. and the Portland Ry., Light & Power Co. 3 The dam is owned by private parties. The ordinary fluctuation of the stage of water above the locks is 12 feet, and the extreme, due to flood conditions, 20 feet. Below the locks the ordinary fluctuation is 15 feet and the extreme 50 feet. The estimated cost (1955) is $10,200,000. The latest (1953) ap- proved estimate of annual cost of operation and care is $228,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1493 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 For the purchase and rehabilitation of the system H. Doc. 202, 56th Cong., 1st sess. and the construction of the concrete division wall. and Annual Report, 1900, p. 4374* Aug. 8,1917 Deepening of the locks_-_--- H. Doc. 1060, 62d Cong., 3d sess.' June 26, 1934 2 Operation and care of the canal and locks provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of the New Willamette Falls lock..-..... H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The Crown Willamette Paper Company has a timber wharf about 850 feet in length, extending to and supported by the concrete division wall built in the lock canal by the United States. This wharf is used for the receipt of mill supplies and the shipment of paper and paper products. Operations and results during fiscal year. The canal and locks were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year, except for temporary closures occasioned by improvement and maintenance oper- ations. Periods of closure were: 8 a. m., September 22, to 8 a. m., September 24; 8 a. m., October 19 to 8 a. m., October 25; and 8 a. m.,. December 8 to 8 a. m., December 10, 1954. New concrete gate sills for lock gates Nos. 2 and 4 were installed as well as a new gate No. 4, and a new gate No. 5, with construction of new guide booms for the latter gate. Repair of the downstream guidewall along the easterly side of the lock approach was accom- plished. Dredging and removal of debris from the locks, canal, and approaches were also accomplished. A contract was awarded in June 1955 for reconstruction of the proj- ect wiring and lighting systems. The various items of operation and care and their respective costs were as follows: Operation of locks and canal _______________________________ $122, 797 Ordinary maintenance and repair__________________________________ 9, 558 Improvement and reconstruction________________________ 59, 052 Total costs for the fiscal year were $191,407.83 for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing canal and locks orig- inally constructed by private interests in 1873 were purchased by the United States in April 1915 for $375,000. The final report on the purchase and rehabilitation of the canal and locks is contained in the Annual Report for 1923, when the project was reported 98 percent complete. No further work on that phase of the existing project has been considered necessary. The controlling depth is 6 feet at low water on the miter sill of the upper lock. The existing locks and grounds are in fair condition and are in continuous operation except 1494 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 when flooded out by high water or undergoing repair. The facilities are obsolete and inadequate for existing traffic. No construction work has been done on the lock and guard lock, which was authorized to replace the existing facilities, by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, and the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. Plans and specifications for the work have been essentially 'completed, but will require review and some revision. Total costs have been $2,843,475, of which $520,005 was for new work ($377,122 for purchase and rehabilitation of existing lock and canal and $3,883 for new lock from river and harbor funds and $139,000 for new lock from flood control funds), and $2,323,471 for maintenance (operation and care) from river and harbor funds. In addition $300,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work on existing canal and lock and $452,110 was expended between April 16, 1915, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appro- priations for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ..-------- -$35, 617 .-------.------------------------------------- 1$520, 005 Cost__------------------ ------------- ----- ----------------------- 0 005 1520, Maintenance: Appropriated 144, 000 $146, 114 $182, 000 $192. 500 $178, 466 2, 792, 950 Cost -----------------. 128, 116 161, 364 159, 483 188, 347 191, 408 2, 775, 530 1 In addition $300,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. ,Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project_-- $9, 680, 000 9. COLUMBIA AND LOWER WILLAMETTE RIVERS BELOW VANCOUVER, WASH., AND PORTLAND, OREG. Location. This project embraces 1031/2 miles of Columbia River below Vancouver, Wash., and 14 miles of Willamette River below Portland, Oreg. For description of Columbia River see page 1503 and of Willamette River, page 1489. Previous project. Some relief dredging was done between 1866 and 1876. Projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878; July 13, 1892; June 13, 1902; and March 3, 1905. For further details see pages 1995 and 1998 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1746 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide in the Columbia River from its mouth to the mouth of the Willamette, 101.5 miles, and thence up Willamette River to Broad- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1495'' way Bridge at Portland 12 miles; 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide, from Broadway Bridge to Ross Island, 14 miles above the mouth of Willamette River to be maintained by the port of Portland. The existing project also provides for maintenance at not to exceed a depth of 35 feet at low water, over such areas in the Portland harbor and Willamette River between its mouth and Broadway Bridge as have been or may be dredged to project depth by the port of Portland; no dredging, however, shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of the pierhead line. In addition, the existing project also pro- vides for the following: A channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide! in the Columbia River from the mouth of the Willamette River to the interstate highway bridge at Vancouver, Wash., about 5 miles, with 2 turning basins of the same depth at Vancouver, 800 feet wide and approximately 2,000 and 3,000 feet long for the upper and lower basins, respectively, auxiliary channels 10 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the vicinity of Cathlamet, Wash., 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide in St. Helens (Oreg.) Channel, and 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide connecting the upper end of the St. Helens Channel with the main ship channel of the Columbia; 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide along the frontage of the town of Rainier, Oreg., extended at its upper and lower ends to deep water in the Columbia River, 8 feet deep and 150 feet wide from this depth in Columbia River through the old mouth of Cowlitz River to a point approximately 3,000 feet upstream from the present terminus of the harbor line; a channel from the Longview port dock downstream along the pierhead line and past the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company's plant at Longview, to a con- nection with the main ship channel below Mount Coffin the down- stream 2,400 feet of this channel to be 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide and the remainder to be 28 feet deep and 250 feet wide; construction of a small boat mooring basin at Astoria, Oreg., to include a sheet pile, sand-filled breakwater about 2,400 feet long with a 30-foot road- way along its full length, and steel-pile shore wings totaling about 1,460 feet in length; and for the construction of stone and pile dikes and revetments. The plane of reference in the estuary from the mouth to Harring- ton Point is mean low water; thence to Portland and Vancouver, low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the .mouth of the Columbia is about 8 feet, and at Portland and Vancouver about 21/2 feet at low stages of the rivers. Extreme tidal ranges are about 13 feet and 3 feet, respectively. An- nual freshets have but little effect on depths at the mouth of the Columbia; at Portland and Vancouver they average about 20 feet, while the highest known reached a stage of 33 feet above low water at Portland. The actual cost for new work, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects and contributed funds, is $5,384,677. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,845,000. 1496 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Feb. 27,1911 2 pipeline dredges and accessories_ July 25, 1912 Increasing the main channel depth to 30 feet . -... -. H. Doc. 1278, 61st Cong., 3d sess. July 27, 1916 Consolidating the improvements below Portland, No prior report. Oreg., and between Vancouver, Wash., and the mouth of the Willamette. 1 Aug. 8, 1917 For the Cathlamet ChanneL _-.-.. H. Doc. 120, 63d Cong., 1stTsess. Sept. 22, 1922 Construction of an additional dredge (dredge was H. Doc. 1009, 66th Cong., 3disess. not built) and accessories for better maintenance, and the construction of contraction works. Mar. 4, 1923 2 Channel from deep water in Willamette Slough to H. Doc. 156, 67th Cong., 2d sess. deep water in Columbia River. Mar. 3, 1925 Depth of 25 feet and width of 300 feet from mouth of H. Doc. 126, 68th Cong., 1st sess. the Willamette River to Vancouver, Wash. Mar. 3, 1927 Closing of the east channel at Swan Island in the Rivers and Harbors Committee Willamette River on condition that the main chan- Doc. 10, 69th Cong., 2d sess. nel to be opened to project dimensions on the west side of the island by the port of Portland. July 3, 130 For a 35-foot channel 500 feet wide from Portland to H. Doe. 195, 70th Cong., 1st sess., the sea. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 8, 71st Cong., 1st sess.' Sept. 6, 1933 3A channel 28 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the H. Doc. 249, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' mouth of the Willamette River to Vancouver, with 2 turning basins, each generally 28 feet deep by 800 feet wide by 2,000 feet long. .Aug. 30, 1935 A channel in the Columbia River from mouth of the Rivers and Harbors Committee Willamette to the Interstate Highway Bridge at Doc. 1, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Vancouver, Wash., 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with 2 turning basins at Vancouver. Do....... Maintenance of not to exceed 35-foot depth at low Rivers and Harbors Committee water in Portland Harbor and Willamette River Doc. 6, 73d Cong., 1st sess.' between its mouth and Broadway Bridge at Port- land. Do ...... Auxiliary channels, 30 feet deep, 300 and 500 feet at H. Doc. 235, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' St. Helens. Aug. 26, 1937 Extension of the lower turning basin at Vancouver, Rivers and Harbors Committee Wash., 1,000 feet downstream. Doc. 81, 74th Cong., 2d sess.' Do .... An auxiliary channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide H. Doc. 203, 75th Cong., 1st sess.l along the water front at Rainier, Oreg. Mar. 2, 1945 Improvement of old mouth of the Cowlitz River ..- H. Doc. 341, 77th Cong., 1st sess.l Do .......An auxiliary channel in the vicinity of Longview, H. Doc. 630, 77th Cong., 2d sess.' Wash. July 24,1946 A small-boat mooring basin at Astoria, Oreg.......... H. Doc. 692, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Public Res. 105, 67th Cong. 3 Public Works Administration. Local cooperation. Requirements of cooperation prior to 1945 have been fully complied with. The act of July 24, 1946, authorizing the construction of a small-boat mooring basin at Astoria, Oreg., pro- vides that local interests furnish assurances to the United States that they will furnish free of cost all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; provide all necessary mooring facilities within the basin, sewers, water and electric supply lines, and a public landing with suit- able supply facilities open to all on equal terms. Assurances for the small-boat basin at Astoria were approved on November 4, 1947. Local interests have provided some mooring facil- ities, and public landings. Terminal facilities. At Portland, Oreg., there are under public 'ownership and open to all on equal terms, three terminals for handling general cargo, bulk grain, coal, phosphate, lumber, oils, and similar RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1497 commodities. Extensive modernization and rehabilitation of these public facilities are currently underway as a result of the outcome of the May 1954 primary election when a 6.5-million dollar expenditure of public funds was authorized for this work. Under private owner- ship and operation there are 5 general cargo, 5 flour and grain, 6 lum- ber, 1 cement, 1 bulk creosote, 1 salt, and 10 fuel oil and gasoline wharves and piers, besides outfitting and repair, sand and gravel, and construction equipment wharves. Three of the private general cargo terminals subscribe to Commission of Public Docks Terminal Tariff 2A and 4 of the 5 flour and grain facilities publish terminal tariffs :and may therefore be considered to be open to the public on equal terms. The port of Portland Commission, a State of Oregon agency, has completed at Swan Island, modern ship repair and outfitting fa- cilities complete with 3 drydocks, 1 of 2,000-ton, 1 of 12,500-ton and 1 on long term lease from the United States Navy of 14,000-ton capacity. 'Also available at this facility and available to the public on equal terms are 5 rail mounted gantry cranes each of 45-ton capac- ity, and 1 truck mounted crane, as well as machine shops, rail lines, staging, compressed air, steam, electricity and water. Seven berths are available at the outfitting dock of this facility which is open to all on equal terms. Also located within the harbor are 1 drydock of 85-ton capacity, 3 privately owned marine railways for handling small vessels and barges, as well as several skid-type haulouts on which launches and other small craft can be accommodated. Heavy lift equipment at the general cargo wharves include 10 locomotive cranes and autocranes with up to 35-ton capacity, one 150-ton swinging boom derrick, one 100-ton swinging boom derrick, one 100-ton shear-leg derrick crane, two 35-ton traveling gantry cranes and two 75-ton floating cranes. At Astoria, Oreg., there is a large municipal terminal with grain elevator and flour mill, facilities for receiving oil products by tanker, and bunkering of vessels. There are also private wharves used for receipt of fish, sand and gravel, and bunkering of fishing vessels. At Vancouver, Wash., below Interstate Bridge, there are two munic- ipal terminal wharves. There are also several privately owned wharves for the shipment of lumber, a fuel and gasoline terminal, and a privately owned grain elevator and wharf. The port of Longview has a public terminal on the Columbia River at Longview, Wash., and the Long-Bell Lumber Company and Wey- erhaeuser Timber Company have wharves in the same vicinity for the shipment of lumber. A privately operated grain elevator for shipment of grain is located at the port terminal; a fuel oil and gaso- line terminal is also located at the port dock for the receipt of petro- leum products. There is a heavy lift of 125-ton capacity at the public terminal. At other locations on the Columbia River between Portland and Columbia River entrance, there are sufficient private facilities to ac- commodate the river vessels and fishing craft, and at seven points there are large sawmill docks used exclusively for shipment of lumber in oceangoing vessels. 1498 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 These facilities, with planned extensions, are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see Port Series Nos. 33 and 34, Corps of Engineers, published in 1953 and 1954, respec- tively.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging with Govern- ment plant and by contract was done on all bars and shoals in the main and side channels where condition surveys indicated shoaling. A total of 8,975,822 cubic yards of material was removed at a cost of $1,374,596 and hydrographic condition surveys were made at a cost of $111,744. The repair of existing pile dikes and construction of dolphins were accomplished at a cost of $14,622. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,500,962, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted September 1950. The main channel project was completed in 1933, except that a revision at Harrington Point was made in 1935. The dikes were completed in 1935 and the extension of the Van- couver turning basin in 1939. The auxiliary channel in the vicinity of Longview was completed in 1949, and the improvement of the old mouth of Cowlitz River and the small-boat mooring basin at Astoria were completed in 1950. The controlling depth at low water in Columbia River from its mouth to the mouth of Willamette River is 34 feet. Above the mouth of Willamette River the Vancouver Channel has a controlling depth of 30 feet and in Willamette River from its mouth to Broadway Bridge the controlling depth is 33 feet. Project depths are main- tained throughout the year except during short shoaling periods fol- lowing freshets which generally occur in May, June, and July. In Columbia and Willamette Rivers between the mouth and Broad- way Bridge at Portland a draft of 32 feet at low tide and 35 feet at high tide is practicable throughout the year. In Columbia River be- tween the mouth of Willamette River and Vancouver, Wash., drafts of 26 and 28 feet at low and high tides, respectively, are practicable throughout the year. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total United States funds: Resular funds ------------------------------ _ --- $4, 799, 932 $25, 788, 239 $30, 588, 175 Public Works funds ________________________________ 446, 296 ________________ 446, 296 Emergency Relief Administration funds...------------ 138, 449 98, 668 237, 117 Total United States funds-----------_ --------- 5, 384, 677 25, 886, 907 31, 271, 584 Contributed funds___ .- 223, 026 24, 320 247, 346 Total all funds__.-__.______.__..__________ _ 5, 607, 703 25, 911, 227 31, 518, 930 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1499 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1. 2 New work: Appropriated_-----..... -$97, 000 -$9, 578 -------------------------------- $6, 914, 090 Cost---------- ------ 16, 060-i 6, 914, 090 Maintenance: Appropriated---...... 1, 296, 297 1, 162, 134 $1, 623, 200 $1, 383, 975 $1, 643, 300 27, 265, 248 Cost -- ---- --- 1, 318, 572 1, 171, 453 1, 603, 954 1, 385, 396 1, 500. 962 27, 101, 772 ]Includes $1,529,413 for new work and $1,214,865 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $223,026 for new work and $24,320 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds 10. COWLITZ RIVER, WASH. Location. This river rises in the Cascade Range in Washington, flows westerly and southerly about 120 miles, and empties in the Co- lumbia River about 69 miles from the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6153.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details see page 2000 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1763 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 4 feet deep at low water and 50 feet wide from the mouth to Ostrander (9 miles), thence 21/2 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Castle Rock (10 miles), and thence 21/2 feet deep at low water and not less than 40 feet wide to Toledo (18 miles), to be secured by snagging, dredging, and regulating works. The water level, due to tides, varies from 4 feet at the mouth to zero at Ostrander. During ordinary freshets a stage of 20 feet, and at ex- treme floods a stage of 25 feet, is reached in the river at Kelso, Wash. The actual cost for new work was $32,906.62, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910 (11. Doc. 1167, 60th Cong., 2d sess., from the, mouth to Castle Rock, and H. Doc. 404, 61st Cong., 2d sess., from Castle Rock to Toledo). For the latest published map see House Document 1167, 60th Congress, 2d session. Recommrended modification of project. The Chief of Engineers has recommended that the project be modified by the elimination of all work above Castle Rock (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities consist of privately owned and operated landings, log rollways and storage booms which are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Government pipe- line dredge Luckiemute removed a total of 56,480 cubic yards of ma- terial, restoring channel project depths between the mouth and Kelso,, Wash. Total costs for the fiscal year were $20,263. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1913. The channel is maintained to the project depth of 4 feet be- tween the mouth and Kelso, Wash. Above Kelso the channel is in poor condition with a controlling depth at low water of 2 feet. 1500 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Total costs for the existing project have been $380,780, of which $32,907 was for new work and $347,873 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated __ _ ----------- ----------- --- ---- $37, 907 Cost.---------- - -------------- ------------------- ------------------------- - 37, 907 Maintenance: Appropriated.----- -- $25, 789 -----------------------I $4, 000 $20, 000 396, 360 Cost _____------ 25, 789 ------------ ..----------- 3, 434 20, 263 396, 057 I Includes $4,999 for new work and $48,184 for maintenance for previous projects. 11. COLUMBIA RIVER BETWEEN CHINOOK, WASH., AND THE HEAD OF SAND ISLAND Location. At the easterly end of Baker Bay, which is on the north side of Columbia River near its mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 6151.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide, extending from the head of Sand Island to Chinook; a turn- ing and mooring basin at the upper end of the channel, 10 feet deep, 660 feet long, and ranging from 275 to 500 feet wide; reconstruction of the easterly 393 feet of existing breakwater; and extension of the existing breakwater easterly and thence northerly to connect with the shore in the vicinity of Portland Street. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 8 feet and the extreme tidal range about 13 feet. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost of new work is $280,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $26.000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 20, 1938 Channel 8 feet deep .---- ----- _ --.. .. __. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 50, 75th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3, 1954 Channel 10 feet deep and mooring basin_--- - S. Doc. 8. 83d Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved Septem- ber 3, 1954, provides that local interests agree to: (a) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial work, and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvement; (c) maintain the project depth of 10 feet in the turning and mooring basin; (d) dredge and maintain the project RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1501 depth in berthing areas within 50 feet of the existing wharf; and (e) provide and maintain without cost to the United States adequate terminal and mooring facilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. The only terminal is the wharf of the Chinook Packing Company, a portion of which is used as a public landing. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hydrographic surveys were made at a cost of $125. A total of 95,280 cubic yards of material was removed from the channel by hired labor and rented plant at a cost of $29,802. Total costs for the fiscal year were $29,928. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as originally au- thorized, channel 8 feet deep, was completed in 1940. The channel is in good condition with project depths available, surveys of Febru- ary and April 1955. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $148,034, of which $40,000 was for new work and $108,034 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.------------- ------------------------------------------------............ $40, 000 Cost--------- ------------ _ ------------ ------------ ----- ------------------- 40, 000 Maintenance: Appropriated... __ $4, 958 ----------------------- $10, 000 $29, 863 108, 109 Cost------------------ 4, 958 ------------.------------. 9, 860 29, 928 108, 034 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project------------------- $240, 000 12. COLUMBIA RIVER AT BAKER BAY, WASH. Location. Baker Bay is a shallow body of water about 15 square miles in extent, lying on the north side of Columbia River near its mouth. The bay is separated from the river by Sand Island, a low- lying sand bar only a few feet above high tide level. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6151.) Existing project. This provides for a main channel, 10 feet deep and 200 feet wide extending through the easterly passage at Sand Island to the port of Ilwaco, a distance of about 5 miles; for a moor- ing basin 10 feet and 12 feet deep, about 20 acres in extent, located east of the port of Ilwaco dock, with protecting breakwaters; and for a west channel 10 feet deep connecting the basin with deep water in Columbia River, with a width of 150 feet, increased to 200 feet for a distance of 2,000 feet at the southerly end. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 8 feet, and the extreme about 13 feet. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1955 is $1,020,000. The approved estimate of annual maintenance revised in 1950 is $88,500. 1502 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Dec. 11, 1933 Main channel___ ___..-----.---.-.-..------- Public Works Administration. Aug. 30, 1935 ____-do__ H. Doc. 44, 73d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 West channel 8 feet deep .________ _________ _________ H. Doc. 443, 76th Cong., 1st sess. May 17,1950 West channel 10 feet deep and mooring basin with S. Doc. 95, 81st Cong., 1st sess. protecting breakwaters. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950, in connection with construction of the mooring basin and modification of the west channel provides: (1) That local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for its subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works and their subsequent maintenance; (3) maintain project depths in the mooring basin; (4) make the necessary changes in existing sewers; and (5) provide and maintain adequate terminal and mooring facilities within the basin, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. The facilities consist of wharves, floats, ramps and berths for fishing craft, oil and sand barges, and towboats. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A hydrographic survey to determine conditions at the west channel was completed June 1955, preliminary to the award of a contract early in July 1955, for main- tenance dredging at the entrance. Costs of surveys made during the fiscal year were $3,585. Total costs for the fiscal year were $11,119, which includes cost of dredging accomplished in prior fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 41 percent complete. The channel extending through the easterly passage at Sand Island was completed in 1934. Construction of 3 spur dikes and dredging of the west channel extending from deep water in Columbia River to the east channel near Ilwaco was completed to a depth of 8 feet, September 1948. Construction of an 1,800-foot pile, timber, and stone dike was completed in 1951 and additional piling :needed to tighten the dike was installed during fiscal year 1954. No work has been done on the mooring basin authorized as a project modification by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950. Total costs have been $701,545, of which $418,731 was for new work :and $282,814 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1503 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1i51 New work: Appropriated......... $5,315 ------------ $5, 500 ----------- ..... -- $661 $418, 731 Cost------------------................ 2, 630 $74,372 12, 906 $2,733 ............ 418, 731 Maintenance: Appropriated......... 26, 377 34, 301 -7, 300 30, 000 7, 000 283, 827 Cost_---------------- 29,947 1, 281 26,374 24, 912 11, 119 282,814 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_------------------- $601, 269 13. COLUMBIA RIVER AT THE MOUTH, OREGON AND WASHINGTON Location. This river rises in British Columbia, through which it flows for 425 miles. It enters the United States in northeastern Wash- ington, flows southerly to the mouth of Snake River, thence westerly between Oregon and Washington, and empties into the Pacific Ocean 645 miles north of San Francisco Bay and 160 miles south of the Straits of Juan de Fuca. The total length of the river is 1,210 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5932, 6151, 6152, 6153, 6154, 6155, and 6156; also Geological Survey map of Wash- ington.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 5, 1884. For further details see page 1999 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1740 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel across the; bar of suitable alinement with depth of 48 feet at mean lower low water for a width of one-half mile, to be secured by dredging and the con- struction of a spur jetty on the north shore. The tidal range on the bar between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 8 feet, and the extreme tidal range is about 13 feet. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1955 is $20,300,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous project. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $531,000 not including repairs to jetties. Jetty maintenance is ac- complished only at intervals of several years and is covered by special allotments. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1905 Extension of south jetty and construction of north H. Doc. 94, 56th Cong., 1st sess. jetty and dredging. Sept. 3, 1954 1 Bar channel of 48-foot depth and spur jetty on north H. Doc. 249, 83d Cong., 2d sess. shore. 1 Contains latest published map. Operations and results during fiscal year. The repair of Sand Island pile dike 111.8 was completed and work initiated in June 1955 on repair of dike 111.2, at a cost for the fiscal year of $59,155. 363037-55-vol. 2-95 1504 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Land management costs were $1,350; hydrographic condition sur- veys were $3,383. A total of 1,749,312 cubic yards of material was removed from the entrance channel by Government hopper dredge at a cost of $230,752. In June 1955 a contract was awarded for fence removal and reloca- tion, and water pipeline installation, at Fort Stevens, Oreg. Total costs for the fiscal year were $294,641, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as originally author- ized, 40-foot depth over the bar, was completed in 1918. A survey made in June 1955 showed a controlling depth in the entrance channel of 43 feet at mean lower low water except at Clatsop Spit where the controlling depth for the left quarter of the channel was 40 feet. Dredging was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A gap in the narrow portion of Sand Island about 2 miles from the east end continues to cause shoaling at Clatsop Spit and Baker Bay Channel. Total costs under the existing project from Federal funds have been $23,848,250, of which $11,357,506 was for new work and $12,490,- 744 for maintenance. In addition, $475,000 and $25,000 were contributed by the ports of Portland and Astoria, respectively, and expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 5 New work: Appropriated _ -------------- ------- - ------ ------- - ---------- $13,343,759 Cost .. ...----- ----------------- --- - --------- 13,343,759 Maintenance: Appropriated- _------. $203, 800 $208, 297 $385,300 $327,100 $333,600 12, 551, 315 Cost_ ---------------- 310, 717 222, 974 458,116 308,471 294,641 12, 490, 744 1 Includes $1,986,253 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $500,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _ _ $750, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----------------------- 750, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ _ ___-_ 8, 192, 494 14. NEHALEM BAY, OREG. Location. Nehalem Bay is an indentation of the Oregon Coast 45 miles south of mouth of Columbia River (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic'Survey Chart No. 5902). Previous project. Adopted by act of September 9, 1890. For de- tails see page 1991 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project. This provides for 2 high tide rubblestone jetties at the entrance to the bay designed to secure a permanent depth of at least 8 feet at mean lower low water. The south jetty is to be extended to a total length of 4,950 feet from the 2,385 foot long jetty, con- structed by the port of Nehalem. The north jetty is to be 3,850 feet long and based on the north spit. The jetties are slightly converging RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1505 with their outer ends 700 feet apart and about on the 6-foot contour. The mean of the higher high waters above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal ranges at the entrance are 7.4 feet and 11 feet, respectively. The actual cost of new work from Federal funds, exclusive of amount expended on previous project is $302,006.03. In addition, $304,825.61 was expended from contributed funds. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912, (IH. Doc. No. 623, 62d Cong., 2d sess.). For latest published map, see page 3206, Annual Report for 1916. Local cooperation. Complied with. Terminal facilities. Wheeler, Oreg., has 600 feet of private wharf frontage plus 60 feet which is open to the public. Nehalem, Oreg., has 280 feet of privately owned wharves of which 80 feet has always been free to all. Existing terminals are considered adequate for pres- ent commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A hydrographic condi- tion survey of the bar channel was completed. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,277. Condition at end of fiscal year. The south jetty was completed in 1915 and the north jetty in 1918. The outer end of the north jetty has subsided below low tide level for a distance of about 200 feet and the south jetty about 600 feet. There are also several breaks in both jetties. A survey made in July 1954 showed project depths and better available across the ocean bar at the entrance and between the jetties. Total costs under the existing project have been $314,662, of which $302,006 was for new work and $12,656 for maintenance. In addition, $304,826 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated --------- ------ ------------ ------------ ---- ---- ----- $302, 692 Cost------------------------------ ------ ------------------------ 302, 692 Maintenance: Appropriated ... .. - ... $2, 000 .. . 13, 337 Cost-- ------------------------------------ 42 $1, 277 12, 656 1 Includes $686 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition, $304,826 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 15. TILLAMOOK BAY AND BAR, OREG. Lolcation. This bay is located on the Oregon coast about 50 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Charts Nos. 5902 and 6112.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 11, 1888, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1989 of annual report for 1915, and page 1474 of annual report for 1936. Existing project. This provides for a jetty about 5,700 feet long on the north side of the entrance; for a channel through the bar 18 feet deep and of such width as can be practically and economically ob- 1506 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tained; for a channel 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep from deep water in the bay to Miami Cove; and for initial dredging to a depth of 12 feet of a small boat basin and an approach thereto at Garibaldi, Oreg. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, authorized the im- provement of Bayocean Peninsula, Oreg., for navigation, by construc- tion of a sand dike 1.4 miles in length, on alinement extending between Pitcher Point and town of Bayocean. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The mean of the higher high waters above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal range at the entrance are 7.5 feet and about 13.5 feet, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1955 is $2,186,000 which includes $1,500,000 for closing the breach in Bayocean Peninsula, and exclusive of contributed funds. The latest 1955 approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance for the entrance and bay channels is $28,000 and for the proposed sand dike $25,000. The Hobsonville channel portion of the project is classified as in- active and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion revised in 1955 is estimated to be $99,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work'authorized Documents July 25,1912 Construction of north jetty, 5,700 feet long and dredg- H. Doec.349, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 4,1913 J ing channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide, to Bay City. Mar. 2, 1919 Abandonment of that portion of project above Bay H. Doc. 730, 65th Cong., 2d sess. City. Mar. 3,1925 Abandonment of Bay City channel and for present 562, 68th Cong., 2d sess.2 H. Doec. project dimensions of the channels and turning basins with regulating works as needed. June 30, 1948 Dredging small-boat basin and approach at Gari- H. Doc. 650, 80th Cong., 1st sess. baldi, Oreg., to a death of 12 feet. Sept. 3,1954 S.Doe. 128, 83d Cong., 2d sess.l Closure of breach in Bayocean Peninsula----............ 1 Contains latest published map. 2 Includes the following work, classified inactive: A channel to Hobsonville 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep, with a turning basin 500 feet wide at Hobsonville, and regulating works as needed. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948, in connection with the authorization of small boat basin at Garibaldi provides, (1) that local interests furnish all necessary ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas, both for new work and maintenance, and (2) agree to maintain necessary depths in the mooring basin proper, to construct, maintain, and operate necessary mooring facilities and utilities within the basin, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms, and (3) to hold and save the United States free from any claim for damages which might result from execution of the work. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provides that local interests agree to: (a) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction and maintenance of the project; (b) make all necessary changes in roads; (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project, including such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds and other shellfish grounds; and (d) contribute in cash 15 percent of the cost of construction. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1507 Terminal facilities. At Garibaldi there is a privately owned wharf for the shipment of lumber; a public wharf suitable for fishing vessels, towboats, and other craft, and a privately owned fixed derrick for loading logs to oceangoing barges. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Government hopper dredge Pacific removed a total of 52,187 cubic yards of material from the bar channel at a cost of $21,970. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $7,762. Bids were opened late in June 1955 for repair of the Tillamook jetty, about 4,000 feet seaward of the inner end of the jetty. The work is scheduled for completion September 1955. Total costs for the fiscal year were $30,866. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 26 percent complete. The jetty was completed in 1933 and is in poor condition, with the outer 800 feet below low water level. The remaining work required to complete the project consists of dredging a small boat basin and connecting channel at Garibaldi, and closing of the breach in Bayocean Peninsula. A survey made April 1955 shows a con- trolling depth of 16 feet on the bar, 12 feet in the channel to Miami Cove, and 7 feet in the turning basin, at lower low water. Total costs have been $1,559,617, of which $574,447 was for new work and $985,170 for maintenance. In addition, $398,833 was ex- pended for new work and $6,450 for maintenance from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 12 New work: Appropriated--------- ---------...------------ -------- --------- --------------. . $651, 656 Cost-------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 651, 656 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... $1, 022 ------------ $3, 355 $4, 355 $52, 300 1, 083, 103 Cost -----------------............. 1,022------------ 3, 355 -- 30, 866 1,056, 668 1 Includes $77,209 for new work and $71,498 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $398,833 for new work and $6,450 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending $200, 000 -.. June 30, 1956_ 200, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------- 1, 411, 553 16. DEPOD BAY, OREG. Location. This harbor is located on the Oregon coast, 100 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 5902.) Existing project. This provides for a breakwater north of the en- trance, for an entrance channel 8 feet deep and 30 feet wide, and for an inner basin 750 feet long by an average of 390 feet wide, 8 feet deep5, with retaining wall along the easterly side. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The mean of the 1508 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 higher high water and the extreme rise at the entrance above the plane of reference, are 7.8 feet and about 11.5 feet respectively. The actual cost for new work was $367,364.46. The latest (1953) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 202, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), authorized construction of an inner basin 375 feet long, 125 feet wide, and 5 feet deep, with entrance channel of same depth and 30 feet in width. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 350, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), modified the project to pro- vide for the existing project as described. The latest published map is in this document. Local cooperation. Provisions of the River and Harbor Act ap- proved August 26, 1937, have been fully complied with except for the construction of a public terminal. Under the provisions of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the improve- ments and their subsequent maintenance, when and as required, hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvements, and save and hold free for use of the public as a roadway, promenade, or landing, a strip at least 60 feet wide along the easterly side of the retaining wall for its full length. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities, all in the inner basin, con- sist of landings and floats, privately owned, to accommodate operators of excursion and commercial fishing boats. The present facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract was awarded June 1955 for dredging of the inner basin, but work not initiated. Total costs for the fiscal year were $2,373. Condition at end of fiscal year. Dredging of the basin and entrance channel to a depth of 5 feet as originally authorized was completed in 1939. Enlarging and deepening the basin and entrance channel to 8-foot depth and construction of a retaining wall and breakwater at the entrance authorized by the River and Harbor Act of 1945 was completed in June 1952. Project depths of 8 feet prevail in the entrance channel and inner basin except for the south half of the basin which has shoaled to such an extent that depths at lower low water vary to less than 1 foot. Shoaling has also occurred to a lesser extent in the northeast portion of the basin. Dredging by contract will be initiated July 1955. Total costs have been $460,390, of which $367,364 was for new work and $93,026 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated $62, -- 315 -$2, 282 .....--------- . ..----------.. $367, 364 Cost------------------ 261, 066 $26, 876 195 ---------- __-----------_ 367, 364 Maintenance: Appropriated__ _ -- $1, 000 $22, 000 112, 841 Cost ---. __----- -812 - - - 2, 373 93, 026 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1509 17. YAQUINA BAY AND HARBOR, OREG. Location. This bay is located on the Oregon coast, 115 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 6058.) Previous projects. The River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880, provided for the improvement of the entrance. Subsequent projects were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 3, 1896, June 6, 1900, and March 3, 1905. For further details, see the Annual Report for 1893, part 4, page 3314, House Document 68, 54th Congress, 1st session, and the Annual Report for 1938, page 1736. Existing project. This provides for 2 high tide rubble-mound jetties at the entrance, 1,000 feet apart at their outer ends; the north jetty to be 4,700 feet and the south jetty to be 5,800 feet in length; for a spur jetty on the channel side of the south jetty 4,700 feet from its sea end, 800 feet in length; for 5 groins channelward from the south jetty; so far as the rock bottom will allow for a channel 26 feet deep and of suitable width across the entrance bar for a channel 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the outer end of the jetties up- stream and along the south side of the bay a distance of about 2 miles to McLean Point with a turning basin at the upstream end 22 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide and 1,200 feet long; for a channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 20-foot channel at about mile 1, along the city docks at Newport, thence upstream to the abandoned railroad terminus at Yaquina, a distance of about 41/2 miles; and for a small boat mooring basin at Newport, Oreg., by construction of a break- water about 2,650 feet long and a shore wing about 400 feet long, and initial dredging in the mooring basin to a depth of 10 feet. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The mean of the higher waters above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal range at the entrance and at the head of the bay are 8.1 feet and 12 feet, respectively. The actual cost for new work is $2,181,745.79. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance dredging in the bay and entrance is $87,500. The latest (1937) approved estimate of cost for maintenance of the north jetty is $12,000 annually to be applied at intervals of several years. There is no approved estimate for maintenance of the south jetty. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1919 Restoration and extension of the jetties constructed H. Doc. 109, 65th Cong., 1st sess. under previous projects; rock removal at the en- trance; and dredging in the bay up to the railroad terminus at Yaquina. Aug. 26, 1937 Extension of the north jetty seaward 1,000 feet .----- Senate committee print, 75th Cong. let sess. Mar. 2, 1945 26-foot channel of suitable width across entrance bar, S. Doc. 119, 77th Cong., 1st sess.' insofar as rock bottom will allow, a 20-foot channel 300 feet wide along south side of bay to and includ- ing a turning basin 22 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide, and 1,200 feet long. July 24, 1946 Construction of a small-boat mooring basin at New- S. Doc. 246, 79th Cong., 2d sess. port, Oreg. 1Contains latest published maps. 1510 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEEdS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. At McLean Point, on the north side of the bay, about 2 miles from the entrance, the Yaquina Bay Dock & Dredge Company, Inc., wharf has a frontage of about 900 feet, which provides loading berths for 2 vessels. This facility has a lumber planing mill, necessary lumber carriers and lift trucks, and is open to all on equal terms. On the south side of the bay immediately above the highway bridge, about a mile and a quarter above the entrance, the C. D. John- son Lumber Company maintains private dolphins with a frontage of 700 feet for loading oceangoing vessels from barges. The port of Newport has a public wharf with 400 feet of frontage for handling of fishing boats. In addition, the port of Newport maintains about 500 feet of protected float landings for use by seagoing fishing vessels. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract for rehabili- tation of the north jetty was awarded March 1955, and opening of a quarry was in progress at the end of the year. Hydrographic condition surveys were made at a cost of $5,049. Dredging of the bar and inner channels was accomplished by the Government hopper dredge Davison. A total of 236,280 cubic yards of material was removed at a cost of $91,994. Total costs for the fiscal year were $129,861. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was complete in May 1952. Restoration of the jetties was completed in 1934 and the extension to the north jetty in 1940. The main channel from the outer ends of the jetties to McLean Point with turning basins at the upstream end was completed in May 1952, and the channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 20-foot channel at mile 1 along the city dock at Newport, thence upstream to the abandoned railroad terminus at Yaquina and the small boat mooring basin at Newport were completed during the fiscal year 1949. The controlling depth on the bar is 22 feet for a width of 300 feet and 19 feet between the jetties, 19 feet in the turning basin, 10 feet in the small boat basin, by survey of May 1955. Rehabilitation of the north jetty is in progress by contract. Completion date is September 1956. Total costs under the existing project from Federal funds have been $3,578,280, of which $2,181,746 was for new work and $1,396,534 for maintenance. In addition, $729,168 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June -30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1. a New work: Appropriated_-------- -$79, 000 _____ -$744 _------.__------___ $2, 889, 059 Cost_ ------ ------- 40, 464 $7, 248 21 ------------------ _-_- 2, 889, 059 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- 29, 639 117, 000 53, 900 $109, 680 $683, 800 1, 972, 597 Cost-_---. ......- 34, 138 117, 000 53, 316 94, 165 129, 861 1, 402, 560 1 Includes $707,313 for new work and $6,026 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $729,168 for new work was expended from contributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1511 18. SIUSLAW RIVER, OREG. Location. This river rises in the coast range, flows about 110 miles in a westerly direction, and empties into the Pacific Ocean through a low, shifting sand beach about 160 miles south of the mouth of Colum- bia River and 485 miles north of San Francisco Bay, Calif. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5802.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890, and modified in 1891. For further details of previous project see page 1988 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project. This provides for a bar channel 12 feet deep at mean lower low water, 2 mean high tide rubblestone jetties, 750 feet apart at their extremities, the north jetty extending westerly along the edge of the north spit for a distance of 3,700 feet, a south jetty extending westerly across the south spit a distance of about 4,200 feet, and a channel 12 feet deep at mean lower low water 200 feet wide through the shoal below Florence and 150 feet wide on the two shoals above Florence. Mean of the higher high water above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal ranges at the mouth of the river, under ordinary condi- tions, are 6.9 feet and about 10 feet, respectively. Floods rise to 20 feet above low water. The tidal influence extends about 19 miles up the river to the foot of Mapleton Rapids. The actual cost for new work from Federal funds is $374,888. In addition, $322,532 was ex- pended from contributed funds. The latest (1953) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance dredging is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Har- bor Acts: Acts Work authorized Document June 25, 1910 Extension of jetties_...--------------------- H. Doec. 648, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3,1925 For river channel_........---------------------- Senate committee print, serial 1, 68th Cong., 1st sess. The latest published map is in H. Doec. No. 173, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. For details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 1837. Terminal facilities. Located at Florence is the port dock which is the principal terminal facility on the river. This dock is 150 feet wide, and 350 feet long, is located about 41/2 miles above the river entrance and accommodates a fish-receiving station at east end of wharf which maintains a winch of 2-ton capacity and supplies gaso- line, oil, and ice to fishermen. Other facilities at Florence consist of floatways which provide docking facilities for fishing vessels and other small craft. Across the river and below the highway bridge at Glenada are floatways used by small craft. At Cushman, the LaDuke Lumber Company maintains a dock for loading ocean- going barges with packaged lumber. There are also a number of private landings and log booms between Cushman and Mapleton, to accommodate river traffic. These facilities are considered adequate for existing traffic. 1512 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys of the bar and river channel were made at a cost of $4,803. Dredging on the bar and inner channel to project depths was accom- plished by Government hopper dredge Pacific, and by contract, at a cost of $130,342. A total of 245,610 cubic yards of material was removed. Total costs for the fiscal year were $135,145 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Extension of the jetties constructed under the previous project was completed in 1917; but both jetties have subsided considerably as no maintenance work has been accom- plished since 1918. The entire project was completed in 1930. At the close of the fiscal year, controlling depths are 12 feet on the bar, 11 feet to Florence, and 12 feet for a mile above Florence. Total costs under the existing project have been $541,973, of which $374,888 was for new work and $167,085 for maintenance. In addition, $322,532 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1. 2 New work: Appropriated .......... -.. ... . . . _- . . ...- $526, 589 Cost.--------- ------------------------------------------------ -- 526, 589 Maintenance: Appropriated ----------------------- ------------ ------------ $135,500 178,051 Cost------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 135, 145 177, 696 1 Includes $151,701 for new work and $10,611 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $322,532 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 19. UMPQUA RIVER, OREG. Location. This river rises in the Cascade Range, flows westerly about 120 miles, and empties into the Pacific Ocean 180 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River and 465 miles north of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts No. 5802 and 6004.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified in 1886. For further details, see page 2967 of Annual Report for 1898, and page 1732 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a jetty on the north side of the entrance approximately 8,000 feet in length, westerly from the highwater line to the sea; for a south jetty extending to a point 1,800 feet south of the outer end of the north jetty; for dredging to provide a usable entrance channel 26 feet deep, and a river channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide, from the mouth to Reedsport, a distance of about 11 miles, with a turning basin at Reedsport 1,000 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 22 feet deep; for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from deep water in the river to the vicinity of the docks in Win- chester Bay with a mooring and turning basin 12 feet deep, 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at the inner end; and for a channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the main river channel near mile 8 to Gar- diner, Oreg., and a turning basin of the same depth, 500 feet wide and RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1513 800 feet long, opposite Gardiner. The project was modified in 1954 to provide for a channel in Scholfield River, 12 feet deep at mean lower low water generally 100 feet wide from its confluence with Umpqua River to a point 0.5 mile below the first railroad bridge, a distance of two miles, the entrance to be widened to 300 feet in a distance of 500 feet. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the river mouth is 6.9 feet, and the extreme range is about 11 feet. The latest 1955 approved estimate of cost of new work is 2,770,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $276,500 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $181,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized * Documents Sept. 22, 1922 North jetty, 7,500 feet long __ H. Doec. 913, 65th Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21,1927 Present project dimensions of north jetty and for H. Doc. 320, 69th Cong., 1st sess. dredging the ocean bar. July 3, 1930 For a short south jetty_ __ _.............. _. ... H. Doc. 317, 70th Cong., 1st sess.' Aug. 30, 1935 For a full length south jetty and maintenance dredg- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing to a 26-foot depth. Doe. 9, 72d Cong., 1st sess. June 20, 1938 Channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from mouth S. Doc. 158, 75th Cong., 3d sess.l to Reedsport. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from river S. Doc. 86, 76th Cong., 1st sess.1 channel to Gardiner and turning basin 22 feet deep, 500 feet wide and 800 feet long. Do ..... Channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from river S. Doc. 191, 77th Cong., 2d sess.' channel to dock in Winchester Bay with mooring and turning basin 10 feet deep, 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at inner end. June 30, 1948 Channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from river S. Doc. 154, 80th Cong., 2d sess.' channel to dock in Winchester Bay with mooring and turning basin 12 feet deep, 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at inner end. Sept. 3,1954 Channel 12 feet deep, Scholfield River _ 5__Doc. 133, 81st Cong., 2d sess.' S. 1Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation for all work authorized prior to 1945 have been fully complied with and approved. Under the provisions of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, State or other local interests are required, for the Winchester Bay channel, to furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for spoil disposal for initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvements; construct, maintain, and operate suitable public terminal and mooring facilities with es- sential utilities and supply services at the basin, open to all on equal terms, and at their own expense maintain project depths within the mooring and turning basin after its construction has been accom- plished. For the Gardiner Channel local interests are to furnish assurances that the Gardiner mill will be operated to produce an average daily output of 100,000 feet board measure for 300 days per year; that the mill wharf or other suitable wharf will be open to all on equal and reasonable terms; and that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States, when and as required, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and 1514 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. As- surances in connection with Gardiner Channel were approved Decem- ber 26, 1947. Assurances in connection with Winchester Bay channel have not yet been requested. The River and Harbor Act of Sep- tember 3, 1954, provides in connection with construction of Scholfield River channel, that local interests contribute in cash $10,000 toward the cost of the new work; agree to furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. Terminal facilities. At Gardiner there is approximately 650 feet of wharf frontage, of which 60 feet is publicly owned. At Reedsport there is about 750 feet of usable wharf frontage, all privately owned. The port of Umpqua owns 1 wharf with 456 feet of water frontage and another with about 75 feet of water frontage which has not been used generally for commercial shipping.. On Bolon Island across the river from Reedsport a wharf has been constructed which has about 5 acres of open storage for lumber and is available to all on equal terms. At Winchester Bay, there is a public landing float with a wooden pile and timber shore approach, and a privately owned wharf used by excursion and commercial fishing vessels. The facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Studies concerning channel stabilization at the inner end of the training jetty were par- tially completed. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $9,960. A total of 887,575 cubic yards of material was removed from the entrance bar and inner channel by the Government hopper dredges Davison and Pacific at a cost of $158,694. Total costs for the fiscal year were $171,253. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 95 percent complete. The north jetty was completed in 1940. The extension to the original south jetty was completed in 1938 and construction of a new training jetty on the south side of the entrance to replace the original south jetty which was partially destroyed by storms was com- pleted in 1951. Dredging of a 22-foot channel from the mouth of the river to Reedsport was completed in 1941. Remaining to com- plete the project is construction of the Winchester Bay channel and mooring basin and the 12-foot deep channel in Scholfield River. The controlling depth was 181/ feet on the bar, survey of May 1955, and 141/2 feet from the mouth to Reedsport and 20 feet in Gardiner Channel and 12 feet in the turning basin, survey of March 1955. Total costs under the existing project from Federal funds have been $6,604,965, of which $2,605,811 was for new work and $3,999,154 for maintenance. In addition, $276,500 was expended from con- tributed funds for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1515 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951',2 New work: Appropriated........ -$10, 395---------------------- $2, 645, 053 Cost------------------14, 605 -------------------------------------------- 2,645,053 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ 977, 460 $37, 000 $220, 300 $215, 300 $167, 500 3, 999, 396 Cost--------------- 1, 108, 487 32, 787 172, 647 265, 412 171, 253 3, 999, 154 1Includes $39,242 for new work for previous projects. $ In addition $276,500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956. $110, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ 110, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ----------------------- --------- 54, 189 20. COOS BAY, OREG. Location. On the Oregon coast 200 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River and 445 miles north of San Francisco Bay. It is about 13 miles long and 1 mile wide, with an area at high tide of about 15 square miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 5984.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1879, September 19, 1890, and August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1987 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1728 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for 2 rubble-mound, high tide jetties at the entrance; a channel across the outer bar 40 feet deep at mean lower low water, and of suitable width with dimensions reduced gradually to Guano Rock; a channel 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and generally 300 feet wide thence to the mouth of Isthmus Slough; turning basins of the same depth and 1,000 feet long and 600 feet wide opposite Coalbank Slough and at the city of North Bend; anchorage basins 600 feet wide by 2,000 feet long at mile 3.5 and near mile 7; a channel 22 feet deep and 150 feet wide from Smith's Mill (mouth of Isthmus Slough) to Millington, a moor- ing basin, about 500 feet by 900 feet, for small boats at Charleston, with a connecting channel, 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide, to deep water in Coos Bay, and the construction of a protecting breakwater and a bulkhead. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The mean of the higher high water above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal range at the entrance are 7 feet and about 11 feet, respectively, and at Coos Bay 7.3 feet and 11 feet respectively. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $8,270,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $654,500, not including repairs to jetties. 1516 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AR1Y, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 Dredging the ocean bar channel_ - _ - H. Doec. 958, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1919 A channel 22 feet deep to Smith's mill-- .--.......... H. Doec. 325, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22,1922 Restoration of the north jetty, 9,600 feet long; con- H. Doec. 150, 67th Cong., 2d sess. struction of a south jetty about 3,900 feet long; extension of the 22-foot bay channel from Smith's mill to Millington. Jan. 21,1927 Extension of the jetties to such lengths as may be practicable within the estimate of total cost of the jetties, $3,250,000, as given in the former document (H. Doec. 150, 67th Cong.). 1 July 3, 1930 A channel 24 feet deep and 300 feet wide through H. Doec. 110, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Pigeon Point Reef, following a location along the westerly side of the bay. Aug. 30, 1935 For the 24-foot channel from Pigeon Point Reef to Senate committee print, 73d Cong., Smith's mill and a turning basin above Marshfield. 2d sess.I July 24, 1946 For increased dimensions of channel across the bar S. Doec. 253, 79th Cong., 2d sess. and to Isthmus slough and turning basin opposite Coalbank slough and at city of North Bend; an- chorage basins at mile 3.5 and near mile 7. June 30,1948 For a mooring basin and connecting channel at H. Doec. 646, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Charleston. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, provided that the local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will: (1) Furnish free of cost to the United States necessary spoil-disposal areas for new work and sub- sequent maintenance as and when required; and (2) construct and maintain any additional terminal facilities necessary to the full use of the port, such facilities to be open to all on equal terms. Assurances of local cooperation approved by the Secretary of the Army on November 4, 1947, have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948, in connection with Charleston Channel, provides that local interests (1) furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas required for both new work and subsequent maintenance; (2) agree to construct, maintain, and operate adequate mooring facilities within the basin, and a public landing with suitable utility and supply facilities, without profit and open to all on equal and equitable terms; (3) maintain the bulkhead and maintain project depths within the mooring basin; (4) agree to hold and save the United States free from any claims for damages which might result from execution of this improvement; (5) contribute $40,800 to defray one-half of the estimated cost of constructing the bulkhead; and (6) hold for the free use of the public as a roadway, promenade, or land- ing, a strip at least 100 feet wide, adjacent to and landward of the bulkhead along the northerly, easterly, and southerly sides of the filled area. Assurances have not been requested. Termninal facilities. At North Bend there is a municipal wharf 649 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1517 feet long fronting on the channel and about 1,400 feet of privately owned mill wharves, and 3 oil docks in the vicinity. At Coos Bay there is a privately owned wharf with a frontage of 1,310 feet, 500 feet of which was constructed in 1952, open to the public on equal terms; several small landings for fishing boats and harbor craft; and 2 lumber docks with 1,300-foot and 596-foot frontages, respectively. At Eastside, on Isthmus Slough, there is a 200-foot wharf to accommo- date coastal lumber schooners and about 41/ miles above Eastside on Isthmus Slough, there is a newly constructed mill wharf served by oceangoing barges. At Empire there is a privately owned lumber wharf with a frontage of 545 feet. About 1 miles below Empire there is a privately owned lumber and pulp mill wharf with a frontage of 410 feet. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. At Charleston there are 2 wharves, 1 public and 1 private, with usable area of 1,200 square feet and 2,400 square feet, respectively, each equipped with facilities for servicing fishing craft. A float landing extends some 200 feet north of the private wharf. Present facilities are congested and inadequate to accommodate the boats operating in the vicinity. A privately owned floating moorage located on Joe Ney Slough has facilities for mooring approximately 50 fishing vessels. During stormy season, vessels from Charleston seek shelter at these moorings, which are entirely inadequate during these periods. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys of the entrance and bay channel were made at a cost of $11,879. Dredging on the bar and inner channel by Government plant, and by contract, initiated June 1955, was accomplished at a cost of $258,816. A total of 1,298,072 cubic yards of material was removed during the year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $274,761 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 91 percent complete. The south jetty was completed in 1928, the north jetty in 1929 and the 24-foot channel in 1937. Excavation of the channel to a depth of 30 feet and generally 300 feet wide from the entrance to Isthmus Slough was completed in 1951. Dredging a channel on the outer bar to a depth of 40 feet decreasing to 30 feet at Guano Rock was completed in 1952. No work has been done on construction of the Charleston Channel and small-boat basin. The controlling depth on the bar is 26 feet, survey of May 1955, and from the entrance to Coos Bay, 24 feet, survey of February 1955. Dredging by con- tract is now in progress. Total costs under the existing project have been $15,192,461, of which $7,595,107 was for new work and $7,597,354 for maintenance. In addition, $2,713 was expended for new work and $8,387 for maintenance from contributed funds. 1518 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1., New work: Appropriated.-------- $622, 800 _------------ -$2, 457 ................. . $8,397,203 Cost----------------- 681,186 $20),465"-. ......... 8, 397, 203 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated......... 134, 235 111, 286 465, 000 $494, 800 $484, 612 8,019, 715 Cost----------------- 58,570 211,802 453, 058 473, 033 274, 761 7, 776, 155 1Includes $802,096 for new work and $178,801 for maintenance for previous projects. SIn addition $2,713 for new work and $8,387 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- $236, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------------236, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------------------------------- 438, 893 21. COQUILLE RIVER, OREG. Location. This river rises in the Coast Range, flows in a general westerly direction for about 100 miles, and empties into the Pacific Ocean at Bandon, Oreg., 225 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River and 420 miles north of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 5971.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1986 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 1727 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for 2 rubble-mound high tide jet- ties at the river mouth, the south jetty 2,700 feet long and the north 3,450 feet; and for a channel 13 feet at mean lower low water and of suitable width from the sea to a point 1 mile above the old Coquille River Lighthouse, and for snagging to the State highway bridge at the city of Coquille. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the mouth is 6.8 feet and the extreme range about 10 feet. The actual cost for new work is $316,640, exclusive of amounts ex- pended on previous projects. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000 for dredging and snagging. There is no approved estimate for maintenance of jetties which were constructed under the previous project. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1519 Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Dredging shoals between the mouth and Riverton, H. Doc. 673, 61st Cong., 2d sess. and removing obstructions between the mouth of the North Fork and Bandon. Mar. 2,1919 For a 13-foot channel from the ocean to Bandon-.... H. Doc. 207, 65th Cong., 1st sess. 1 July 3,1930 Deepening the channel to 16 feet between the sea and H. Doc. 186, 70th Cong., 1st sess. the eastern end of the north jetty. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project depth between the sea and the east- Senate committee print, 74th ern end of the north jetty. Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 For 13-foot depth from sea to a point 1 mile above H. Doc. 672, 76th Cong., 3d sess.I Coquille River Lighthouse and snagging to State highway bridge. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. At Bandon there is one privately owned lum- ber wharf suitable for handling coastwise vessels. There is a publicly owned wharf open to all on equal terms. These facilities are adequate for the present commerce. Above Bandon, there are numerous log booms and rollways on the navigable waterway. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Repair of the south jetty, by contract, was completed in November 1954. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,893. The Government hopper dredge Pacific removed a total of 73,171 cubic yards of material from the bar and entrance channel at a cost of $41,104. South jetty rehabilitation work was accomplished at a cost of $181,389. Total costs for the fiscal year were $248,214. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1933. The jetties were completed in 1908 and the entrance channel in 1933. The north jetty was reconstructed in 1942 and a 750-foot extension to the easterly end was constructed in 1951. Repair of the south jetty was accomplished in 1954. The controlling depth on the bar is 141/2 feet and in the entrance channel, 12 feet, survey of April 1955. Total costs from Federal funds under the existing project have been $1,470,407, of which $316,640 was for new work and $1,153,767 for maintenance. In addition, $72,891 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1,a New work: Appropriated......------------------------------------------------------................................................----- $657, 366 Cost--------......... ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 657, 366 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $53, 909 -$617 $20, 300 $153, 700 $114, 500 1,197, 416 Cost-----------------..... 157, 991 2, 101 20, 937 19, 120 248, 214 1, 195, 234 1 Includes $340,726 for new work and $41,467 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $72,891 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 863087-55---vol. 2- 96 1520 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 22. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report amount Name of project see Annual Operation amount Report rOperation required to Construction and main- complete tenance 1. John Day Dam Columbia River, Wash. and 1950 ------------------------- $400,000,000. Oreg. 1. 2. The Cascades Canal, Columbia River, Oreg. 1939 $3, 903, 780 $559, 858 Completed. 3. Bridges across the Columbia at Cascade lock 1944 1, 081, 806 ... _____ Do. and Hood River, Oreg. 4. Oregon Slough (North Portland Harbor, 1936 416, 881 412, 576 Do. Oreg.) 23 5. Columbia Slough, Oreg ______________ 2 ___, 1953 1, 150, 000 6. Multnomah Channel, Oreg. - . 1949 18, 112 61 Completed. 7. Lake River, Wash.2______ 2 __________________ 1948 2, 700 4, 000 Do. 8. Lewis River, Wash. ________________________ 2 1950 35, 880 74, 929 Do. 9. Clatskanie River, Oreg. __ _ _ 1949 3, 703 79, 833 Do. 10. Skamokawa Creek, Wash.2- --- 1950 2, 400 35, 344 Do. 11. Skamokawa (Steamboat Slough, Wash.)2 8---. 1932 _ 40, 000 12. Youngs Bay and Youngs River, Oreg. --.- 1949 9, 348 259 Completed. 13. Elokomin Slough, Wash.2--------------- 1943 18, 641 437 Do. 14. Westport Slough, Oreg--------------------- 2 1953 16, 276 68, 111 187, 724 15. Grays River, Wash. ______________________ 1951 2. 500 6, 002 Completed. 16. Deep River, Wash___________________________ 1950 15, 384 12, 436 Do. 17. Salmon River, Oreg-..---.................... 1949 2, 145 - Do. 18. 2 - - - -... Bayocean Peninsula, Oreg.8---- - - - - .... -- -- -- -- -- -- 1945 -- 280, 000 19. Yaquina River, Oreg. 1950 6 28, 800 7 76, 631 Completed. 20. Smith River, Oreg--....--------. _ 1950 _ 147, 000 21. Chetco River, Oreg___ 1950 6 600, 000 22. Coos and Millicoma Rivers, 2 Oreg ............ 1950 8, 000 85, 154 487, 000 23. Skipanon Channel, Oreg. _-. __ 1954 130, 119 280, 532 184, 881 24. Rogue River Harbor, Gold Beach, Oreg ____________________________-_ .. 3, 964, 500 1 Project abandoned due to flooding by Bonneville Pool. 2 Channel adequate for present commerce. 3 Abandonment of the project was recommended in 1916 (H. Doc. 580, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). 4 In addition, $24,556 was expended from contributed funds, $17,556 for new work, and $7,000 for mainte- nance. 5 Local interests are to contribute two-thirds of the costs or not to exceed $20,000. 6 In addition, $43,200 was expended from contributed funds. 7 In addition, $3,000 was expended from contributed funds. 8Classified inactive. Latest cost estimate revision-1954. 23. AMAZON CREEK, OREG. Location. On Amazon Creek, a tributary of Long Tom River in the vicinity of and below the city of Eugene, Oreg. Existing project. This provides for flood control and major drain- age by the construction of improvements upstream from Clear Lake consisting of an enlarged channel through the city of Eugene includ- ing 5,800 feet of channel having a concrete lining and guard rail, an improved channel from Eugene to a diversion structure about 3 miles upstream from Clear Lake, and a diversion structure and diversion canal therefrom to Fern Ridge Reservoir. The estimated Federal cost approved in 1955 is $953,000. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Document July 24,1946 Channel improvement through Eugene, Oreg., diver- S. Doc. 138, 79th Cong., 2d sess. sion canal and drainage ditches. May 17,1950 Addition of major drainage outlets for low lying lands H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess. as well as flood control. 1 Sept. 3, 1954 Elimination of channel improvement downstream S. Doc. 131, 83d Cong., 2d sess. from Clear Lake, all drainage laterals and provision of concrete-lined channel in Eugene, Oreg. 1 Contains latest published map. FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1521 Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, provided that local interests contribute toward the cost of con- struction of works in the city of Eugene a sum equal to 11.5 percent of the total construction cost and give assurance satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, arid rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project; construct all necessary bridges; and make all necessary utility relocations and revisions; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (c) maintain and operate the project after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have furnished assurances of cooperation for the project as originally authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the channel improvement 5.6 miles in length from a point in the city of Eugene, Oreg. (station 513+76) to the completed diversion canal leading to Fern Ridge Reservoir, initiated September 1953, by con- tract was completed August 1954. This construction completed a sec- ond flood control unit of the authorized plan. Total costs for the fiscal year were $34,36.7. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initi- ated August 1951 is 63 percent complete. The diversion channel from Amazon Creek to Fern Ridge Reservoir including the diversion works, and a portion of the channel improvement of Amazon Creek in the vicinity of the west city limits of Eugene, Oreg., have been completed and were turned over to local interests for operation and maintenance November 1952. Construction of the channel 5.6 miles in length from within the city of Eugene to the diversion canal is also complete and released to local interests. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $597,700, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated _ $245, 000 -$19, 300 $597, 700 Cost..-- . --- - $5, 695 $297, 578 $26, 277 180, 110 34,367 597,700 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ $22, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ 22, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project _ 333, 300 24. WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, PORTLAND, OREG. DISTRICT Location. The Willamette River is formed by the Coast and Middle Forks which join a few miles above Eugene, Oreg., flows north 189 miles, and enters the Columbia River 101.5 miles above its mouth. The basin has an area of 11,200 square miles and lies between the Cascade range on the east and the coast range on the west. The major tribu- taries of the Willamette River rise in the Cascade Mountains and 1522 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 consist of the Coast and Middle Forks and the McKenzie, Calapooya, Santiam, Molalla, and Clackamas Rivers. The important tributaries, that head in the coast range are the Luckiamute, Yamhill, and Tuala- tin Rivers. Minor tributaries, all of which enter the main stream from the west, are Marys River, Rickreall Creek, and Long Tom River. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control, navigation, and other purposes in the Willamette River Basin, as set forth in House Document No. 544, 75th Congress, 3d session, and authorized $11,300,000 for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan recommended for initial development; the reservoirs and related works. to be selected by the Chief of Engineers. Subsequent Flood Control Acts, 1941 through 1954, authorized additional flood control and other works and increased the monetary authority to $463,300,000 for the Columbia River Basin, including the Willamette River Basin. The dams and reservoirs and other improvements included in the Willamette River Basin comprehensive plan as modified by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, are as follows: Project Authorizing act Estimated cost-1955 1 Amazon Creek, Oreg. ...................... July 24, 1946, S. Doe. 138, 79th Cong., 2d sess.; $953, 000 May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Sept. 3, 1954, S. Doe. 131, 83d Cong., 2d sess. Cottage Grove Reservoir, coast fork.1 _..... June 28, 1938, H. Doec. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess__ *2, 373, 294 Dorena Reservoir, Row River 1-_......... ..... do---- --------------------------- *13,517,101 Fern Ridge Reservoir, Long Tom River.l'... -.... do.---- ---------------------------- *4, 495, 780 Lookout Point Res., incl. Dexter reregulat- June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. 87, 870, 000 ing dam, middle fork.1 and May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Hills Creek Dam, middle fork 1_........... May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess__ 33, 000, 000 Fall Creek Dam, middle fork 2 1 ---- do--.------------------------ .. 18, 800, 000 Cougar Dam, south fork McKenzie River a__ June 28, 1938, H. Doc 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. 37, 400, 000 and Sept. 3, 1954, S. Doec. 131, 83d Cong., 2d sess. Blue River Dam, McKenzie Basin 2 3_........ June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess_- 13, 700, 000 Gate Creek Dam, McKenzie Basin 2 3....... Not authorized----------------------------- 13, 800, 000 Cascadia Dam, South Santiam River 2 4_..... ..... do----- ---------------------------.. 25, 200, 000 Wiley Creek Dam, South Santiam Basin 2 4__----.... do---- ----------------------------- 8, 070, 000 Green Peter Dam, including White Bridge June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess.; 58, 400, 000 reregulating 1 dam, Middle Santiam Sept. 3, 1954, S. Doc. 131, 83d Cong., 2d sess. River. 4 Holley Dam, Calapooya River 2_____________ May 17,1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess__ 12, 500, 000 Detroit Res., including Big Cliff reregulat- June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. 63, 000, 000 ing dam, North Santiam River.l and June 30, 1948, Public Law 858. Waldo Lake Tunnel and reregulating works, May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess_.. 922, 000 north fork, Middle fork Willamette River 2_ Channel Improvements for flood control and ..... do----.....--..--------------------------............................ 11, 800, 000 major drainage on2 16 streams tributary to Willamette River. Pudding River, Oreg ....................... Aug 18, 1941, S. Doc. 185, 76th Cong. 3d sess. 6, 640, 000 and May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Johnson Creek, Oreg___- __ ................. May 17, 1950, H. Doe. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess_. 522, 000 Floodwalls and levees, Portland, Oreg 7...... _-.-do ...-------------------------------- 18,.900, 000 Willamette River bank protection (includ- June 22, 1936, Special Report Division Engi- 11, 300, 00 ing bank protection on 77 additional loca- neers, June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., tions on Willamette River and 94 locations 3d sess., May 17, 1950, H. Doe. 531, 81st on major tributaries.) 1 Cong., 2d sess. Channel clearing and snagging on Willa- May 17, 1950, H. Doe. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess... 2, 310, 000 mette River and major tributaries.' Willamette Falls fish ladder 2__.......... ..... do....---------------------------------- 227, 000 New Willamette Falls navigation lock, Willa- June 28, 1938, and March 2, 1945, H. Doc. 544,........ mett River at Oregon City.1a 75th Cong., 3d sess. Open river navigation 2 improvement, Willa- June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess_ __ mette River. 6 1 See individual report for details of this project. 2 Not yet selected for construction. See H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess. for details. 3 Proposed for construction in lieu of originally authorized Quartz Creek Reservoir. 4 Proposed for construction in lieu of originally authorized Sweet Home Reservoir. 5 Reauthorized as a river and harbor project by River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945. 6 Included under river and harbor project, "Willamette River above Portland and Yamhill River, Oreg." 7 Project deferred for restudy. *Act.:al cost. FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT . 1523 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies to reservoir and dam projects. Local coopera- tion for other projects is shown in individual reports for those projects. Operations and results during fiscal year. The progress of pre- liminary work and status of operations on projects selected for con- struction are given in individual reports for those projects. No costs were incurred other than those shown under the individual reports. Condition at end of fiscal year. The following projects have been completed and are in continuous operation: Fern Ridge Reservoir was completed in August 1951; Cottage Grove Reservoir, March 1952; and Dorena Reservoir, October 1952. The Detroit and the Lookout Point Reservoir projects are complete except for miscellaneous items of minor construction and improvement, and are in operation for flood control and power generation purposes. Advance planning for construction of Hills Creek and Cougar Dam projects was in progress during the fiscal year. Details of operation and construction and the financial status of the above projects are given in the individual reports for those projects. During the low water season, July-September, supplemental water releases are made from the Willamette River Basin reservoirs for conservation purposes. Interests which benefit from the increased downstream flows include irrigation, navigation, power, pollution abatement, and recreation. Although optimum regulation cannot be provided for every conservation interest, water released from the reservoirs during the low water season for a particular purpose will usually provide benefits to other conservation uses as well. The basic policy is to provide the most beneficial overall regulation, consistent with established water-use priorities. The following table summarizes the status of projects authorized under "Willamette River Basin, Portland, Oreg. district." F-1 C Approved Total new Cost to June 30, 1955 Project 1955 esimated work appro- . Percent com- Construction data cost priations June to 30, 1955 New work Maintenance pleted Cottage Grove Reservoir- -- _-- $2, 373, 294 $2, 373, 294 $2, 373, 294 $312, 933 100 Started in August 1940. Dam completed and in operation in 00 September 1942. Project completed Mar. 28, 1952. t Dorena Reservoir..----------------- 13, 517, 101 13, 517, 101 13, 517, 101 189, 510 100 Relocations started in June 1941. Dam and reservoir com- pletet and in operation in October 1949. Project complete O October 1952. © Lookout Point Reservoir, including 87, 870, 000 87, 670, 000 85, 414, 988 85, 080 Construction of project initiated May 1947 and essentially O H Dexter reregulating dam. complete June 1955. Hills Creek Dam _ -- - 33, 000, 000 595, 500 592, 576 ............. Planning initiated fiscal year 1952. © 18, 800, 000 H Fall Creek Dam _-- ............ Cougar Dam _ - ---- 37, 400, 000 **265, 500 264, 708 .............. Planning initiated fiscal year 1953. Blue River Dam ---------------------- 13, 700, 000 *96, 000 96, 000 .............. Gate Creek Dam .... -- --- 13, 800, 000 *95, 000 95, 000 .............. Cascadia Dam__ 25, 200, 000 *112, 000 112, 000 .............. Wiley Creek Dam -_---- ------------- 8, 070, 000 *112, 000 112, 000 .............. 00 Green Peter Dam, including White 58, 400, 000 ***115, 371 115, 371 ............ Planning initiated fiscal year 1954. 0© 00 bridge reregulating dam. Fern Ridge Reservoir _---- 4, 495, 780 4, 495, 780 4, 495, 780 468, 072 100 Construction started in April 1940. Dam and reservoir in operation in 1942. Project completed August 1951. 0 Holley Dam--- - - 12, 500, 000 .............. Detroit Reservoir and Big Cliff re- 63, 000, 000 63, 000, 000 62, 125, 172 387, 566 99 Construction of project initiated May 1947 and essentially 00 regulating dam. Waldo Lake tunnel and reregulating 922, 000 -............ complete June 1955. z works. 0 Willamette Falls fish ladder ............ 227, 000 Amazon Creek, Oreg __---------------- 953, 000 597, 700 597, 700 63 Construction was initiated Aug. 14, 1951. Two flood control 00 units of the authorized plan are complete. 00 Pudding River, Oreg __ - - - 6, 640, 000 5, 000 5, 000 Johnson Creek at Portland ------------- 522, 001 Floodwall and levees at Portland .. .- - 18, 900, 000 Project deferred for restudy. Willamette River Basin, bank protection Channel Improvements for flood control and major drainage on 16 tributaries to 11, 300, 11, 800, 000 000 .... -.......---. . . 5, 702, 424 5, 681, 859 1, 008, 605 .-....---.---.- 51 Construction was initiated in 1938. 00 Willamette River. Channel clearing and snagging on Willam- 2, 310, 000 ette River and major tributaries. I -I -I Total__________ _-_-_-____---_--- 445, 700, 175 178, 752, 670 175, 598, 549 2, 451, 766 39 *Pro rata cost of site selection studies. **Includes $96,000. ***Includes $113,000. FLOOD CONTROL---PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1525 25. HILLS CREEK DAM, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the middle fork Willamette River, 47.8 miles from the mouth and 26.5 miles upstream from the Lookout Point Dam. The middle fork Willamette River rises on the west slope of the, Cas- cade Range and flows northwesterly to its junction with the coast fork Willamette River 4 miles southeast of Eugene, Oreg., to form the main Willamette River. The location of the dam is about 45 miles southeast from Eugene, Oreg. The drainage area above the dam site is 389 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- tion of an earth-and-gravel-fill dam about 2,150 feet long at the crest and 338 feet high above the foundation. A gated spillway of the straight chute type with a flip bucket will be located in the right abutment. The dam will form a reservoir about 8.5 miles long, with a usable storage capacity of 249,000 acre-feet at full pool. A diver- sion tunnel, an outlet tunnel, and a power tunnel will be located in the right abutment. A stilling basin to still the discharge from the flood control outlets will be located between the spillway flip bucket and the earth dam. A powerplant with two 15,000 kilowatt units will be located on the opposite side of the spillway. The Hills Creek Dam project is an integral unit of the comprehen- sive plan for development of the water resources of the Willamette River Basin. The Hills Creek and Lookout Point reservoirs will be operated as a unit for control of floods and generation of power on the Middle Fork Willamette River. These reservoirs, in conjunction with the Dexter reregulating dam and the Fall Creek flood control reservoir, will effectively control floods on the Middle Fork and pro- vide maximum efficient generation of hydroelectric power. The Hills Creek Dam project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost approved in 1955, including power facilities, is $5,598,600 for lands and damages in- cluding relocations, and $27,401,400 for construction, a total of $33,- 000,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results duringfiscal year. Foundation drilling and explorations were completed. Surveys for planning of relocations were 50 percent complete. A "General design" memorandum and a design memorandum covering "Geology and foundations" were sub- mitted to higher authority for approval. At the end of the fiscal year design memorandums on "Embankment design" and on "Real es- tate" were completed for submission. Total costs for the fiscal year were $150,992. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been accom- plished. Advance engineering and design are in progress. Prepara- tion of design memorandums has been continued to the extent of available funds. When additional planning funds are made avail-. able, further relocation surveys will be made, and the remaining de- tailed design memorandums completed. Total costs have been $592,576. 1526 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated........------------------........... $165, 000 $155, 000 $142, 500 $133, 000 $595, 500 Cost.................. "....- 46, 971 252, 736 141, 877 150, 992 592, 576 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - -- $1, 777 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__- 310, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_-------------------------- 311, 777 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 32, 094, 500 26. LOOKOUT POINT RESERVOIR (MERIDIAN SITE), WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the middle fork Willamette River at meridian site, 21.3 miles from the mouth. The middle fork Willamette River rises in Lane County on the western slope of the Cascade range and flows northwesterly to its junction with the coast fork, which is the head of the main stem Willamette River. The dam site is approximately 22 miles southeast from Eugene, Oreg. The drainage area tributary to the reservoir is 991 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a main dam at Meridian site and a reregulating dam 3 miles downstream at Dexter site. Both dams are earth-and-gravel- fills with concrete gravity spillways and have power-generating fa- cilities. The main dam has a height of 250 feet above the streambed, and is 3,381 feet long at the crest, forming a reservoir 14.2 miles long providing usable storage of 349,400 acre-feet at full pool level. The spillway, 274 feet long, is a gate-controlled overflow type, forming the right abutment. Outlet works consisting of slide-gate controlled con- duits pass through the spillway section. The powerhouse has 3 main generating units with a capacity of 120,000 kilowatts. The reregulat- ing dam has a maximum height of 80 feet above the foundation and is 2,835 feet long at the crest, forming a pool extending upstream to the main dam and providing pondage to regulate Lookout Point power- house water releases to a uniform discharge. The spillway consists of a gate-controlled overflow section 476 feet long forming the right abutment. Flow regulation will be accomplished by use of the spill- way gates and releases through the powerhouse, which contains one 15,000-kilowatt unit. Lookout Point and Dexter Dams will be operated as a single unit of a coordinated system of dams to protect Willamette River Valley against floods, to provide needed hydroelectric power, and to increase low water flows for navigation, irrigation, and other purposes. The existing project, authorized as a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Willamette River Basin, was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, House Document 544, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Control Acts FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1527 of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to pro- vide for recreational facilities and the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session, modified the project to provide for power generating facilities. The estimated cost revised in 1955, including the Dexter reregulat- ing dam, is $37,993,000 for lands and damages, including relocations and $49,877,000 for construction, a total of $87,870,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance is $430,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Lookout Point Dam and powerhouse were essentially completed. The three power gener- ating units were placed in commercial operation on Docember 16, 1954, February 16, 1955, and April 25, 1955, respectively. Completion of the architectural features of the powerhouse, including tilework, paint- ing, and heating and ventilating systems, was in progress at the end of the year. At Dexter reregulating dam, reregulation of the fluctuating flows from Lookout Point powerhouse was effected December 1954. On May 19, 1955, the power generating unit was placed "on the line." Miscellaneous powerhouse architectural work and cleanup were near- ing completion. The project was officially dedicated at a ceremony held June 25, 1955, attended by Government and State officials and by local civic organi- zations. During the fiscal year a total of 197,200,000 kilowatt-hours of elec- trical power energy was generated by the Lookout Point and Dexter powerhouses, of which 196,675,000 kilowatt-hours were delivered to Bonneville Power Administration. Functional regulation of Lookout Point Reservoir was normal dur- ing the fiscal year, with the exception of a delayed conservation filling. Several freshets and minor floods occurred all of which were com- pletely controlled in middle fork Willamette River. Seasonal drawdown of the reservoir to minimum conservation pool was accomplished during the months of August-October 1954. Low natural flows in middle fork and Willamette River were supplemented by these releases and releases from other reservoirs in the Willamette River Basin. Conservation filling of the reservoir was accomplished February- May 1955. At the request of Bonneville Power Administration, in- creased releases were made in the interest of power generation during the filling season. Seasonal filling was thereby delayed, but the snow pack was well above normal and more than adequate to insure filling. Maximum conservation pool, elevation 926, was reached on June 10, 1955, about a month later than normally scheduled. Total costs for the fiscal year were $5,734,228, of which $5,549,148 was for new work and $85,080 was for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated May 1947, is essentially complete. All architectural features of both the Lookout Point and Dexter powerhouses will shortly be completed. Construction of access roads and parking areas, and oil surfacing work, will be initiated during July 1955, by contract. Minor 1528 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 additional items of construction and modification are yet to be accom- plished. Total costs have been $85,500,068, of which $85,414,988 was for new work and $85,080 for operation and maintenance. Po wer production and revenues. During the first year of operation a total of 197,200,000 kilowatt-hours were generated of which 525,000 kilowatt-hours were used for operation of the project and 196,675,000 kilowatt-hours were delivered to the Bonneville Power Administra- tion, the marketing agency, for disposition. Revenues allocated to the project for the year amounted to $800,344 ($344 paid to U. S. Treasury by Corps of Engineers) of which $64,073 was for repayment of operating expenses, $365,375 for repayment of interest expense ap- plicable to power, and $370,897 for amortization of construction costs, including replacements applicable to power. Of a total of $85,500,067 expended to date on the project for construction, operation and main- tenance and replacements, the amount of $38,164,843 or 45 percent, has been for direct and allocated portions of power features. Summary of governmental investments and expenses for power pur- poses as of June 30, 1955, and repayments thereon are tabulated below: Investment Construction costs (including interest during con- struction) ------------------------------------ $41, 145, 095 Replacement (net requirements) 0 Total cost of fixed plant_________________________ 41, 145, 095 Net other assets_______________________________ 13, 538 Total capital investment_____________________________ $41, 158, 633 Expenses Operation and maintenance (excluding depreciation)_ $63, 729 Interest_____________________________ 365, 375 Total expenses________________________________________ 429, 448 41, 588, 081 Repayments Total expenses (currently repaid) -------- $429, 448 Amortization of capital investment (including depre- ciation)_____ ________________________________ 370, 897 Total repayments ---------------------------------------- 800, 345 Net remaining capital investment to be repaid--------_ -- ___ 40, 787, 736 41, 588, 081 FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1529 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated -..... $13, 617, 700 $16, 000, 000 $17, 166, 620 $18, 000, 000 $2, 493, 680 $87, 670, 000 Cost - - 16, 347, 322 20, 264, 238 13, 390, 027 16, 325, 235 5, 649, 148 85, 414, 988 Maintenance: Appropriated .. .. - ---- ------------ 132, 300 132,300 Cost ------------------------ ------------ ------------ 85, 080 85, 080 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 __--- $1, 981, 575 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 200, 000 Unobligated balance available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ _ ____ 2, 181, 575 27. COTTAGE GROVE RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the coast fork of Willamette River, 29 miles from the mouth. The coast fork rises in Douglas County, Oreg., on the western slope of the Cascade range and the northern slope of the Cala- pooya range, flows north for 49 miles, and unites with the middle fork to form the main Willamette River. The drainage area tributary to this reservoir is 104 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- tion of an earthfill dam, 1,650 feet long at the crest, rising 95 feet above the stream bed, with a reservoir providing for usable storage of 30,000 acre-feet. The spillway, 264 feet long, is a concrete, gravity, overflow type forming the right abutment. Outlet works, consisting of three gate-controlled conduits, pass through the spillway section. The reservoir is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system to protect the Willamette River Valley and to increase low water flow for navigation. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Willamette River Basin, contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Acts of De- cember 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities. The actual cost for new work is $1,821,794 for construction and $551,500 for lands and damages, a total of $2,373,294. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $35,700. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The dam, reservoir, and public use facilities were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year. A total of 30,462 persons visited the reservoir area for recrea- tional purposes. Functioning of Cottage Grove Reservoir was normal during the fis- cal year. There were several freshets during the year, all of which were completely controlled on Coast Fork Willamette River. 1530 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Seasonal drawdown of Cottage Grove Reservoir began on Septem- ber 4, 1954, and the reservoir reached minimum conservation pool, elevation 750, November 1, 1954. Conservation filling of the reservoir was initiated on February 1, 1955, and the scheduled pool elevation was maintained all through the filling season. The reservoir reached maximum conservation pool, elevation 790, on May 20, 1955, as scheduled. Total costs for the fiscal year were $28,854, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initi- ated August 1940 was completed April 1952. The dam and reservoir have been in continuous operation since September 1942. Total costs have been $2,686,227, of which $2,373,294 was for new work and $312,933 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated .....- _- -$20, 000 --___ - -$3, 206 ------------------------ $2, 373, 294 Cost----------------- 33,735 $26,249 995------------....... --...------- -- 2, 373, 294 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 27, 200 28, 250 28, 000 $36, 400 $28, 855 319,105. Cost__----------------- 25,835 25,253 30,714 31,990 28,854 312,933 28. DORENA RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. Dorena Reservoir is located on Row River, Oreg., 7 miles: from the mouth. Row River rises in Lane County on the western slope of the Cascade range, flows northwest for 19 miles, and enters the coast fork of Willamette River 191/4 miles above the mouth. The drainage area, tributary to this reservoir, is 265 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- tion of an earthfill dam 3,297 feet long at the crest, rising 145 feet above the streambed, with a reservoir providing usable storage capac- ity at normal pool level of 70,000 acre-feet. The spillway, 200 feet long, is a concrete, gravity, overflow type, forming the right abutment. Outlet works consisting of five slide gate-controlled conduits pass through the spillway section. The reservoir, controlling practically the entire drainage area of Row River, will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system to protect the Willamette River Valley and to increase low water flows for navigation, and for other purposes. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Willamette River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946,, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities. The actual cost of new work is $13,517,101. The approved (1953) estimate of the annual cost of operation and maintenance is $40,300. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved' June 28, 1938, applies. FLOOD CONTROL---PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1531 Operations and results during fiscal year. The dam and reservoir were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year. A total of 24,740 persons visited the reservoir area for recreational purposes. Because of below normal precipitation during the winter flood sea- son, there were no floods on Row River or coast fork Willamette River. One minor but potentially damaging flood and several lesser rises were completely controlled by Dorena Dam. Seasonal drawdown during the months of August-October 1954 substantially increased the low natural flows for conservation pur- poses. Seasonal filling was initiated on February 1, 1955, and con- tinued on schedule until maximum conservation pool, elevation 832, was reached on May 20, 1955. Total costs for the fiscal year were $30,235, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initi- ated in June 1941 was completed October 1952. The dam and appur- tenant works were placed in operation November 1949. Total costs have been $13,706,611, of which $13,517,101 was for new work, and $189,510 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated-......------... $170, 600 $100, 000 -$132, 060 ------------------------ $13, 517, 101 Cost__--------------- 217, 671 366, 034 48, 846 ----------------------- 13, 517, 101 Maintenance: Appropriated--------......... 35, 100 38, 520 33, 500 $37, 900 $29, 715 195, 735 Cost---------------................ 33, 955 37, 446 35, 042 32, 659 30, 235 189, 510 29. FERN RIDGE RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the Long Tom River, 23.6 miles from the mouth. The Long Tom River rises in Lane County, Oreg., on the eastern slope of the coast range, flows north for 50 miles, and enters the Willamette River 147 miles above its mouth. The drainage area tributary to this reservoir is 252 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam, 6,360 feet long at the crest, and 2 auxiliary dikes, 850 feet and 3,680 feet long, along the northeasterly boundary of the reservoir. The main dam has a maximum height of 44 feet above the streambed. The spillway, located near the left abut- ment, consists of a gravity section concrete overflow structure con- trolled by six automatic radial gates. Outlet works are located in the spillway structure. The project includes rectification of the chan- nel of Long Tom River downstream from the dam. The reservoir, having a usable storage capacity of 101,200 acre-feet, at full pool, pro- tects the Long Tom River Valley and is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system to protect the Willamette River Valley generally and to increase low water flows for navigation. The existing project was selected for construction under the gen- eral authorization for the Willamette River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control 1532 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities. The actual cost of new work is $3,683,145 for construction and $812,635 for lands and damages, a total of $4,495,780. The latest (1953) estimate of the annual cost of operation and maintenance is $48,400. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The dam, reservoir, and public use facilities were in continuous operation. A total of 140,338 persons visited the reservoir area for recreational purposes. Precipitation was below normal during the winter flood season, and no damaging floods occurred on Long Tom River during the fiscal year. In accordance with the seasonal regulation schedule, Fern Ridge Reservoir was drawn down to minimum conservation pool dur- ing the months of August-October 1954. The reservoir releases, in coordination with releases from other reservoirs in the Willamette River Basin, substantially increased the low natural flows of Willa- mette River in the interests of irrigation, navigation, pollution abate- ment, and fish life. A minor departure from normal regulation occurred during the pe- riod December 3-12, 1954, when the reservoir was lowered about 3 feet below minimum conservation pool to facilitate construction of a pier for launching boats. Conservation filling of Fern River Reservoir took place during Feb- ruary-May 1955 as scheduled. Total costs for the fiscal year were $37,459, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initi- ated April 1940 was completed August 1951. The dam and reservoir have been in continuous operation since December 1941. Total costs have been $4,963,852, of which $4,495,780 was for new work and $468,072 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated_.__ $50, 000 -$4, 000 -$7, 945 _______ $4, 495, 778 Cost_____________ 80, 760 95, 134 _4, 495, 778 Maintenance: Appropriated------ _ 35, 700 46, 230 46, 500 $45, 400 $38, 156 474, 186 Cost ___ --- 35, 236 43, 823 47, 677 42, 166 37, 459 468, 072- 30. COUGAR DAM, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. At mile 4.4 on South Fork McKenzie River, which joins: McKenzie River about 56.5 miles above its confluence with Willamette River. The dam site is located approximately 50 miles east of Eugene, Oreg. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a rockfill dam with an impervious earth core, about 1,400 feet long at the crest and 445 feet high above the foundation. The FLOOD CONTIOL---PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1533 dam will form a reservoir 6.0 miles long with a usable capacity at full pool of 165,000 acre-feet. The spillway will be of the gated chute type with a flip bucket and located in the left abutment. The diver- sion tunnel, a 12.5-foot diameter line section, will be located in the left abutment. The outlet and the power tunnels will also be in the left abutment. The outlet tunnel will be provided with a stilling basin. The powerplant will include two 12,500 kilowatt units. The improvement will function as a unit in the coordinated system of reservoirs for multiple-purpose development of the water resources in Willamette River Basin. The project is 1 of 3 reservoirs to be constructed in lieu of Quartz Creek Reservoir, authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954, authorized installation of power facilities. The estimated cost of the project approved in 1955 is $3,500,000, for lands and damages including relocations, and $33,900,000 for construction, a total of $37,400,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. A preliminary founda- tion drilling program was completed. All office studies, layouts, and cost estimates, and an allocation of costs were complete at the end of the fiscal year. Costs for the fiscal year were $149,208. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been accom- plished. Engineering studies and preliminary planning are in progress. Total costs have been $264,708, which sum includes $96,000 prorated share of site selection costs in lieu of Quartz Creek Reservoir. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated --- _ . ..... _ _ -___ .. $15, 000 $4, 500 $150, 000 $265, 500 Cost...... . 12, 092 7, 408 149, 208 264, 708 i Includes $96,000 prorated share of site selection costs in lieu of Quartz Creek Reservoir. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ ------. $750 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- _ 500, 750 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------- 36, 634, 500 31. DETROIT RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On North Santiam River, with dam site 60 miles from the mouth and 45 miles southeast of Salem, Oreg. North Santiam River flows north and west for 85 miles, and unites with South Santiam River to form Santiam River, which 10 miles downstream enters the Willamette River 108 miles above its mouth. 1534 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINESS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of one main dam and a reregulating dam, both with power generating facilities. Detroit Dam is a concrete-gravity structure approximately 1,580 feet in length and 379 feet in height above river- bed. The spillway is a gate-controlled overflow section, and the outlet works are gate-controlled conduits through the dam. The powerhouse with 2 units having a capacity of 50,000 kilowatts each is located in the right abutment immediately below the dam. The reservoir has a usable storage capacity at full pool of 340,000 acre-feet. It is being operated as a unit in the coordinated reservoir system to protect the Willamette Valley from floods, to increase low water flows in the interest of navigation and irrigation, to generate power, and for other purposes. The reregulating dam located 3 miles downstream at the Big Cliff site is of the concrete-gravity type, approximately 128 feet in height above riverbed. The power installation consists of 1 unit with a capacity of 18,000 kilowatts. The reservoir created by the dam has a usable storage capacity of 3,000 acre-feet at full pool. The project is a unit of comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Willamette Basin. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Wil- lamette River Basin contained in Flood Control Act" approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities, and the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, modified the existing project to provide for the installation of hydroelectric power generating facil- ities, including the construction of a reregulating dam. The estimated cost approved 1955, is $54,721,700 for construction and $8,278,300 for lands and damages including relocations, a total of $63,000,000. The 1955 estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance is $385,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies: Operations and results during fiscal year. Surface draining, grad- ing, and oil surfacing of access roads and parking areas together with installation of guard rail and fencing were completed at both Detroit and Big Cliff Dams. Removal and disposal of accumulated debris from the Detroit Reservoir was accomplished in May 1955 by contract. Routine operation and maintenance of the project was continued throughout the fiscal year. During the fiscal year a total of 484,447,100 kilowatt hours of elec- trical power energy were generated by the Detroit and Big Cliff powerhouses, of which 481,592,700 kilowatt hours were delivered to Bonneville Power Administration. Functional regulation of Detroit Reservoir was normal during the fiscal year. A number of freshets and minor floods occurred, all of which were controlled in north Santiam River. Substantial stage reductions on lower Santiam and Willamette Rivers were effected by regulation of Detroit Reservoir during the high water periods. Seasonal drawdown of the reservoir to minimum flood control pool, elevation 1450, was accomplished during the months of September- FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1535 November 1954. Low natural flows in lower Santiam and Willamette Rivers were supplemented by the releases from Detroit Reservoir. Conservation filling of the reservoir was accomplished February-May 1955. In the interest of power generation and at the request of Bonne- ville Power Administration, the filling was delayed beyond the normal schedule. The snow pack on the basin tributary to Detroit Reservoir was well above normal during the filling season and was more than adequate to insure filling in spite of the additional releases for power. Maximum conservation pool, elevation 1563.5, was reached on June 5, 1955, 1 month later than normally scheduled. A total of 108,775 persons visited the reservoir areas for recreational purposes during the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $653,883, of which $445,015 was for new work and $208,868 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project ini- tiated in June 1947 is complete except for the accomplishment of minor modifications and improvements. The two generating units at Detroit dam were placed in commercial operation June and October 1953, respectively. At Big Cliff Dam the single unit was placed on the line June 1954. Use of Big Cliff Dam for regulating the fluctuating flow from the Detroit units was effected in October 1953. Total costs have been $62,512,738, of which $62,125,172 is for new work and $387,566 for operation and maintenance. Power productionand revenues. During the fiscal year 1955, a total of 484,447,000 kilowatt hours were generated of which 2,854,300 kilo- watt hours were used for operation of the project and 481,592,700 kilowatt hours were delivered to the Bonneville Power Administration, the marketing agency, for disposition. Revenues allocated to the proj- ect for the year amounted to $1,800,017.24 ($17.24 was returned to the U. S. Treasury by the Corps of Engineers) of which $184,779 was for repayment of operating expenses applicable to power, $1,032,668 for repayment of interest expense applicable to power and $582,571 for amortization of construction costs, including replacements applicable to power. Of a total of $62,512,737 expended to date on the project for construction, operation -and maintenance and replacements, the amount of $39,450,808 or 63 percent, has been for direct and allocated portions of power features. Summary of governmental investments and expenses for power purposes as of June 30, 1955 and repayments thereon are tabulated below: Investment Construction costs (including interest during con- struction)-------------------------------- $41, 627, 966 Replacements (net retirements) ------------- 150, 565 , Total cost of fixed plant------------------- ----- 41, 778, 531 Net other assets ---- ------------------- 8, 894 Total capital investment -------------------------- $41, 787, 425 363037-55-vol. 2- 97 1536 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Expenses Operation and maintenance (excluding deprecia- tion) --------------------------------------- $315, 431 Interest ------------------------------------- 1, 718, 033 Total expenses__ ___-_ . _----------- ------------ $2, 033, 464 43, 820, 889 Repayments Total expenses (currently repaid) _------- $2, 033, 464 Amortization of capital investment (including de- preciation) ---------------------------------- 1, 356, 553 Total repayments---__-_ -_____-.- __- ----- $3, 390, 017 Net remaining capital investment to be repaid ------------------ 40, 430, 872 43, 820, 889 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-_ , .. -$15, 862, 100 $16, 978, 000 $10, 299, 000 -$366, 200 -$345, 000 $63, 000, 000 Cost--------------_ 14, 940, 662 20, 378, 703 9, 337, 239 2, 941, 271 445, 015 62, 125, 172 Maintenance: Appropriated_--------- --------- -- _------------- ------ 184, 200 207, 468 391, 668 Cost------------------........... --.. ............--------------......---------- 178, 698 208, 868 387, 566 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_----------- 824, 843 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .---------------------------------------- 824, 843 32. WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. (BANK PROTECTION) Location. On Willamette River and tributaries, between the Cas- cade range and the coast range, from a point south of Eugene to Portland, Oreg. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for clearing, sloping, and revetting of riverbanks; construction of pile and timber bulkheads and drift barriers; minor channel improvements; and maintenance of existing works for control of floods and prevention of erosion at various locations along Willamette River and its tributaries. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, authorized similar work at 77 additional locations. The estimated cost of new work approved in 1955 is $11,300,000. The latest approved annual cost of maintenance (1953) is $100,000. FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1537 Local cooperation. Section 204 of the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: A total of 11,167 linear feet of bank protection works was completed during the fiscal year at the following listed new locations on Willamette River and tributaries: Location Nature of work Quantity (linear feet) WILLAMETTE RIVER, MIDDLE FORK Wilson, right bank, mile 5.3.....----------------------------.............................. Dumped stone revetment. 3, 503 Laird, left bank, mile 6.1---------------------------------.....do....--------------------- 3,689 SOUTH SANTIAM RIVER Eagle, left bank, mile 25.9--------------------------------..........................................do......---------- 1, 917 MCKENZIE RIVER Morriss, left bank, mile 22.2 ..................................---------------------------- Dumped stone revetment 2, 508 and drift barrier. Total linear feet..----------------------------------------------------------- 11, 167 In addition to the above work, improvements at the following existing locations were completed during the fiscal year: Willamette River at Half Moon Bend and Stallbush Island; San- tiam River at location No. 3; and Calapooya River at Henshaw location. A contract was awarded and operations initiated at the end of the fiscal year for construction of bank protection works at Fawver Island location on Willamette River. Plans and specifications were being prepared for additional con- struction during fiscal year 1956, at 8 proposed new locations. Maintenance: Repair of existing bank protection works at Hart location on McKenzie River was completed by contract. Total costs for the fiscal year were $344,241, of which $291,874 was for new work and $52,367 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project ini- tiated in 1938 is 51 percent complete. A total of 269,085 feet of bank protection works at 113 locations, consisting of the revetment of river banks, pile and timber bulkheads, drift barriers and channel improve- ments, has been completed on Willamette River and tributaries. The annual reports for the fiscal years 1949-54 itemized 257,918 linear feet of this total by streams and individual locations. Total costs to June 30, 1955, from Federal funds have been $6,690,- 464, of which $1,008,605 has been for maintenance and $5,681,859 for new work. In addition $51,469 has been expended for new work from con- tributed funds. 1538 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated--------- $450, 000 $400, 000 $398, 000 $310, 000 $300, 000 $5, 702, 424 Cost.__- _____--- - _ 357,120 515, 071 285,682 464,946 291,874 5,681,859 Maintenance: Appropriated .. 66, 000 66, 000 43, 800 21, 500 54, 300 1, 017, 600 Cost---.............. 58, 853 23, 535 123, 007 50, 353 52, 367 1, 008, 605 1In addition $51,469 for new work from contributed funds was expended. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955________ $10, 015 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956..... 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------- --------- 310, 015 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing: project ---------- -------- 5, 297, 576 33. LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, OREG. AND WASH. Location. On Columbia River and minor tributaries, channels, and sloughs, between Sandy River, Oreg., approximately 15 miles east of Vancouver, Wash., and the mouth of Columbia River. Existing project. The plan of improvement for bank protection, construction of flood control works, and improvements to existing projects, in the lower Columbia River Basin, was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session. The plan provides for new construction and for supplementing and extending projects authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, in the Columbia, Lewis, and Cowlitz River Basins, as follows: a. Lower Columbia River Basin levees at new locations, Oregon and Washington. This provides for construction of flood control works at the following locations : Washougal area, Clark County', Wash., approximately 51/2 miles of levee and other appurtenant works at an estimated cost of $610,000 from Federal funds. Hayden Island, Oreg., approximately 4 miles of levee and other appurtenant works at an estimated cost of $490,000 from Federal funds. Kalama River (south area), Cowlitz County, Wash., approximately 3 miles of levee and other apuurtenant works at an estimated cost of $630,000 from Federal funds. Clatskanie River area, Oreg., approximately 21,000 feet of bulkhead and levee and other appurtenant work at an estimated cost of $160,000 from Federal funds. The estimated total Federal cost approved in 1955 is $1,890,000. The Vancouver Lake area in the vicinity of Vancouver, Wash., por- tion of the project is classified as inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion revised in 1955 is estimated to be $3,200,000. b. Lower Columbia River Basin bank protection works, Oregon and Washington. This improvement provides for bank protection works at 66 locations on Columbia River and tributaries between FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1539 Sandy River and mouth of Columbia River, totaling approximately 123,800 linear feet. The estimated total cost approved in 1955 is $7,380,000. c. Lower Columbia River Basin levees and improvement to, existing projects. This provides for improvements to existing projects as de- lineated below: Estimated cost of work approved in Location : 1955 Sandy drainage district, Multnomah County, Oreg------------ *$19, 500 Multnomah drainage district No. 1, Multnomah County, Oreg .. _ 1, 510, 000 Peninsula drainage district No. 2, Multnomah County, Oreg ___-855, 000 Peninsula drainage district No. 1, Multnomah County, Oreg- --- _ 770, 000 Sauvie Island (areas A and B) -------------------- 5, 000 Batchelor Island, Clark County, Wash., Lake River Delta-... __ 900, 000 Scappoose drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg ______ _ 724, 000 Cowlitz diking and improvement districts Nos. 5 and 11- ----- 1,050,000 Deer Island drainage district_________---------------- 353, 000 Cowlitz County diking and improvement districts Nos. 2 and 13__ 361, 000 Consolidated diking and improvement district No. 1, Cowlitz County, Wash_------------------------------------------- 1, 410, 000 Cowlitz County diking improvement district No. 15_ ---------- 184, 000 Rainier drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg-__-__-__ _ 520, 000 John drainage district __.__-__ -_____ _--____ __--- 88, 000 Beaver drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg_------------- 186, 000 Clatskanie drainage district_ ..... ___ __----___---__ __- 165, 000 Magruder drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg 2, 000 6------------ Midland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg ------------- 108, 000 Woodson drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg-------------- 81, 000 Puget Island area, Wahkiakum diking districts Nos. 1 and 3__ 1, 110, 000 Tenasillahee Island diking district No. 6 ----------------------- 50, 000 Wahkiakum diking district No. 4____-- - 298, 000 Clatsop County drainage district No. 1__ __________--_ 21, 500 *Engineering and design. Construction was accomplished by local interests at no cost to the Government. The estimated total cost from Federal funds approved in 1955 is $11,400,000. The Columbia drainage district No. 1, the Lewis River area, Batchelor Island, and Clatsop County diking district No. 4 portions of the project are classified as inactive and are excluded from the fore- going cost estimate. The cost of these portions revised in 1955 is $2,700,000. The approved 1955 Federal cost of all work under the Lower Columbia River Basin, Oreg. and Wash., as authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, is $20,670,000. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, pro- vides that local interests: (a) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way; (b) make all necessary highway, highway bridge, and utility alterations; (c) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction works; and (d) maintain and operate the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Operations and results during fiscal year. Assurances of local cooperation and right-of-way for the proposed installation of outlet gates in the existing levee at Sandy drainage district were requested. Local interests have indicated reluctance to the accomplishment of this work. 1540 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Total costs for the fiscal year were $8. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the improve- ment to the existing project in Sandy drainage district has been com- pleted by local interests at no cost to the Government for construction. Total costs from Federal funds have been $15,057 for advance engi- neering and design. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated----..... ------------............------------ ............ $15, 355 ------------- $298 $15, 057 Cost ......----------------------------............-------- 9,771 $5,278 8 15,057 34. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full report, June 30, 1955 amount Name of project see Annual Report required for- Construction Operationand to complete maintenance COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN 1. Diking and improvement district 5, Cowlitz County, Wash_.........---- 1940 $161,380.87 (1) 2. Beaver drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg --------------................ 1940 274,578.03 -------------- (1) 3. Magruder drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg .................----- . 1940 61, 186.49 -------------- (1) 4. Midland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg.... 1939 77, 743.64 -------------- (1) 5. Marshland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg................. 1940 39, 474.74 -------------- (1) 6. Webb District Improvement Co., Columbia County, Oreg............................. 1940 84, 591.68 -------------- (1) 7. Woodson drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg 1940 22,796.86 -------------- (1) 8. Westland District Improvement Co., Colum- bia, County, Oreg_ 1940 205,531.21 -------------- (1) 9. Tenasillawe Island, Clatsop County, Oreg-... 1939 133,778.47 -------------- (1) 10. Blind slough diking district, Clatsop County, Oreg.___....------------------- .. 1939 163, 396.66 (1) 11. Drainage district 1, Clatsop County, Oreg ... 1939 240,939.43 12. Diking district 2, Clatsop County, Oreg .... 1940 43, 149. 78 (1) 13. Diking district 5, Clatsop County, Oreg ..... 1940 25, 608.49 (1) 14. Warrenton diking district 1, Clatsop County, Oreg....... 1940 69, 503.03 (1) 15. Warrenton diking district 2, Clatsop County, Oreg. . . . ..------------------. 1940 117, 142. 92 16. Warrenton diking district 3, Clatsop County, (1) Oreg ..... . -- 1940 74, 596. 11 17. Consolidated diking and improvement dis- (1) trict 1, C ow litz C ou n ty, W a sh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1941 163, 290.97 18. Diking districts 1 and 3 (Puget Island) and (1) Little Island, Wahkiakum County, Wash_ _ 1941 258, 795.11 19. Diking improvement district 1, Pacific (1) County, Wash_........................... 1941 26, 810.33 .............. 20. Karlson Island, Clatsop County, Oreg _.... 1941 25, 773. 40 -...--.-....-. 21. Deep River area, Wahkiakum County, Wash_ 1942 69, 723. 84 ---.----...... (1) 22. Sandy drainage district, Multnomah County, (1) O reg_--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1942 138, 955. 89 -.-.-...-..... 23. Peninsula drainage district 1, Multnomah (1) County, Oreg ............................. 1942 211, 250. 51 .............. (1) 24. Peninsula drainage district 2, Multnomah (1) (1) County, Oreg ............................. 1942 241, 148.60 --------.... 25. Scappoose drainage district, Columbia (1) County, Oreg ........ 1942 424,309.56 -------. 26. Rainier drainage district, Columbia County, (1) O reg .... -...............- 1942 47,661.88 -----.--. . See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL---PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1541 For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full report, June 30, 1955 amount Name of project see Annual Report required for- New work Operation and to complete maintenance COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN-continued 27. Knappa area, Clatsop County, Oreg......... 1942 $18,788.70 28. John Day River area, Clatsop County, Oreg.. 1942 33, 080. 38 ----------. 29. Walluski River, Clatsop County, Oreg_....... 1942 66,932.39 .............. (1) 30. Youngs River dikes, Clatsop County, Oreg._. 1942 248, 802.2----------- 48 31. Lewis and Clark River area, Clatsop County Oreg ... 1942 158, 418. 51 ....... (1) 32. Deer Island area, Columbia County, Oreg...._ 1943 574, 122. 85 ....... (1) 33. Westport district, Columbia and Clatsop Counties, Oreg._ 1943 40, 657.64............ (1) 34. Skamokawa Creek area, Wahkiakum County, W ash - ............ .. .......-.- - -. - 1946 17 8 , 8 8 4 . 82 - . . . . -.. -. .. . (I) 35. Upper Grays River area, Wash_.............. 1947 61, 263. 40 $30, 000 (s) 36. Multnomah diking district 1, Oreg ........... 1951 610, 652. 28 .. ..------ (1) 37. Sauvie Island areas A and B, Multnomah County, Oreg---.. 1951 1, 623, 505. 42 ----------- (I) 38. Diking and improvement district 4, Wahkia- kum County Wash_...___. ,__. 1951 169, 542. 29 .....- ..-- 39. Prescott area, Columbia County, Oreg-...... 1941 124. 88 8 37, 875 40. 41. Diking district 3, Clatsop County, Oreg...... Local protection projects.----....--...... 1938 1950 ............. 258. 28 .............. ............... 4, 740 (4) (4 Total Columbia River Basin............. 7, 188, 152. 02 30, 000 42, 615 LEWIS RIVER BASIN 42. Diking and improvement district 11, Cow- litz County, Wash_ ........................ 1943 172, 521. 40 -------------- () COWLITZ RIVER BASIN 43. Cowlitz County drainage improvement dis- trict 1, Wash _-.... 1939 42, 078.11 ............. (1) 44. Diking improvement district 2, Cowlitz County, Wash .md.C.. 1940 120,728.84 .......---------...--.... (1) 45. Diking improvement district 13, Cowlitz County, Wash-.........--- .-.-....-.--- 1939 26, 262.78 ------- - (1) Total Cowlitz River Basin_............. 189,069. 73-...---..... - (1) 1949 46. Castle Rock, Cowlitz River, Wash-.......... 3, 499.90 ---- ---- --- 84, 500 47. Mill four drainage district, Yaquina River, 1949 Oreg_.. 1950 118, 432. 84 ---- ---- --- (1) 48. Arlington, Alkali Canyon, Oreg----- 1950 20,111.51 ---- ---- --- 8 492, 689 49. Pudding River, Oreg__ . __ __ 3, 933.62 6, 640, 000 50. Johnson Creekat Portlandand vicinity, Oreg.. 1953 522, 000 51. Coquille River, Oreg... : 1948 908. 15 2 353, 092 52. Umpqua River and tributaries, Oreg....... 1952 428, 880. 60 (1) 53. Vicinity of Nehalem, Nehalem River, Oreg__. 1952 45, 677. 12 (1) WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN Blue River Dam_............................... 13, 700, 000 Cascadia D am _......... .......... ..........-- 25, 200, 000 Holley Dam---- 12, 500, 000 Gate Creek Dam___.--.. 13, 800, 000 Waldo Lake Tunnel .................... _ -------------- 922, 000 Wiley Creek Dam -________- ___... ....... _ 8, 070, 000 Flood wall and levees at Portland, Oreg ........ B18, 900, 000 -------------- Willamette River Basin Channel clearing and snagging- __ 2,310, 000 Willamette Falls fish ladder-.... 227, 000 Channel improvement for flood control and ma- jor drainage on 16 tributaries to Willamette _- River ..-. -- 11,800, 000 Green Peter Dam._...-...-....- 1954 115, 371.00 58, 284, 629 1 Completed. 2 Awaiting local cooperation. 8 Classified inactive. Latest cost estimate revision-1954. 4 The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, approved a general comprehensive plan for the Columbia River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess., and author- ized the sum of $75 million to be appropriated for the partial accomplishment of certain projects. Of this authorization, an amount not to exceed $15 million was authorized for the construction of local flood pro- tection works throughout the Columbia River Basin, subject to the conditions that all work undertaken pursuant to this authority shall be economically justified prior to construction, and local cooperation specified in the 1936 Flood Control Act, as amended, shall be required. a Deferred for restudy. Latest cost estimate revision--1954. 1542 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 35. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Funds in the amount of $26,450 have been allotted to June 30, 1955, to cover costs of inspections of completed local flood control protection projects. The purposes of the inspection are to deter- mine the condition of the completed works and to ascertain whether those works are being properly maintained by local interests. Operations and results during fiscal year. A total of 47 diking and drainage districts (12 in Washington and 35 in Oregon) along the Columbia River; and levees and revetments at 16 districts or locations along various Oregon coast streams were inspected. Bank protection work at two locations and channel improvement work at Amazon Creek in Willamette River Basin were also inspected. In most cases a representative of the diking districts accompanied the Portland district inspector in making the inspections of their dis- tricts.' Deficiencies in maintenance and the need for repairs were pointed out to the diking districts' representatives on the ground and a report was made for each district inspected on the conditions found with recommendations for correction of deficiencies. Copies of these reports were furnished the diking districts concerned. At the request of the House Appropriations Committee on the Civil Functions Appropriations Bill for Fiscal Year 1955 a campaign was conducted to improve maintenance of completed Federal projects and a report was submitted which indicated that of 70 local flood protection projects in the Portland district requiring maintenance by local interests, 10 were considered deficient in maintenance work. Costs for the fiscal year were $9,632. Total costs to June 30,1955, have been $22,042. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... $5, 750 $13, 700 $7, 000 $26, 450 Cost------------------........... . $4, 618 3, 224 $4,568 9, 632 22, 042 36. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Funds in the amount of $462,083 have been allotted the Portland district to June 30, 1955, for work under this authorization. During the fiscal year emergency work was accomplished at Pierce Riffle Location, Rogue River, Oreg., to protect the main gravity canal of Grants Pass irrigation district from destruction by erosion of the riverbank during flood stages of Rogue River. Emergency bank protection work was also completed on Clackamas River near Gladstone, Oreg. Costs from Federal funds during the fiscal year were $54,284. Total costs to June 30, 1955, from Federal funds have been $462,083. In addition, costs from contributed funds have been $77,790. FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1543 Cost and :financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ----- $50, 000 $46, 000 -$677 $50, 000 -$1, 219 $462, 083 Cost------------------ 50, 000 2, 475 31, 848 5, 497 1 54, 284 462, 083 1 In addition $77,790 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). To June 30, 1955, a total of $157,481 has been allotted from Federal funds for the preparation of project reports and for construction. In addition the amount of $4,120 has been contributed by local interests. During the fiscal year construction of bank protection works and channel improvement was completed at Milk Creek location on Molalla River, Oreg. Project reports on Catching Inlet drainage district, Coos River, Oreg., and on Siuslaw and North Fork Siuslaw Rivers in the vicinity of Cushman, Oreg., were completed. Preliminary studies to deter- mine if construction would be economically feasible at Nehalem, Oreg., on Nehalem River and at Stillwell drainage district, Tillamook Bay, Oreg., were underway. Costs for the fiscal year from Federal funds were $53,027. Total costs to June 30, 1955, from Federal funds have been $149,365. In addition, costs from contributed funds have been $2,520. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-........ $88, 340 $2, 300 $8, 274 $69, 000 -$10, 433 $157,481 Cost---------------- 7,337 78,777 51 10,173 53,027 1149,365 1 In addition $2,520fornew work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------------------------------------------------------$8, 116 Flood control emergencies-repair,flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 010 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and subsequent authoriza- tions). Funds in the amount of $7,067,892 have been allotted the Portland district to June 30, 1955, for work under this and prior authorities. Total costs during the fiscal year were $38,435 for emergency repair work consisting of the raising and strengthening of existing levee and construction of a tide box across Depoe Creek, Yaquina River, near Toledo, Oreg., and for revision of emergency flood fight manuals. 1544 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $7,064,806. In addition, $160,000 has been expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated--------...... $131, 729 $28, 760 $12, 342 $42, 651 $7, 046 $7, 067, 892 Cost....----------------- 177, 024 22, 353 88, 576 30, 680 38,435 17,064, 806 1In addition $160,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 37. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Navigation studies: The total cost of work during the fiscal year was $24,633. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $3,867,648. The funds unexpended June 30, 1955, amounting to $2,212 plus an allotment of $8,200, a total of $10,412, will be expended during fiscal year 1956 for completion of the reports on Siuslaw River and Bar, Oreg. and Winchester Bay, Oreg. Flood control studies: The total cost of work during the fiscal year was $19,855. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $2,597,152. The funds unexpended June 30, 1955, amounting to $185 plus an allotment of $15,000 for fiscal year 1956 will be expended to continue preparation of the report on Silvies River and tributaries, Oregon. The report will be brought to approximately 87 percent completion. An allotment of $8,500 will be expended for preparation of a survey report on Dry Hollow (The Dalles), Oreg. 38. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The principal items of work included under miscellaneous studies are as follows: a. Hydrologic studies, consisting of preparing hydrologic data, in answer to various inquiries, for areas not associated with projects for which funds are available. b. Derivation of flood forecasting procedures, which consists of compiling and analyzing streamflow, temperature and precipitation data in order to forecast and disseminate information on flood volume and peak discharges for Columbia River and major tributaries. c. Investigation of the general behavior of snow, which consists of work in coordination with North Pacific Division to establish basic data to be used in flood and runoff volume forecasting. d. Compiling and distributing weather and river stage data, which consists of daily compilation and distribution to those concerned within the office of data obtained from the United States Weather Bureau and Corps of Engineer field offices as a basis for normal func- tioning of the organization. Total costs for the fiscal year were $2,631. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $381,253. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT This district comprises all of Washington except the southern and southeastern portions, northern Idaho, and northwestern Montana embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Pacific Ocean south of the international boundary to Cape Disappointment, and to the Columbia River above the Yakima River, inclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Puget Sound and its tribu- 13. Stillaguamish River, Wash__ 1573 tary waters, Wash ...... 1545 14. Eagle Gorge Reservoir, Green 2. Swinomish Slough, Wash___ 1547 River, Wash_ 1574 3. Everett Harbor and Snoho- mish River, Wash-------- 1548 15. Tacoma, Wash-- Puyallup River, 1576 4. Chief Joseph Dam, Colum- bia River, Wash- 1550 16. Mud Mountain Reservoir, 5. Lake Washington Ship Canal, White River, Wash ....... 1577 Wash 1553 17. Priest Rapids Dam, Colum- 6. Seattle Harbor, Wash __-- 1555 bia River, Wash ........ 1578 7. Tacoma Harbor, Wash ..- 1558 18. Other authorized flood con- 8. Grays Harbor and Chehalis trol projects----------- 1580 River, Wash ______ 1560 19. Inspection of completed 9. Willapa River and Harbor works, local protection and Naselle River, Wash 1566 10. Other authorized navigation projects 1580 projects 1570 20. Flood control work under special authorization _ __. 1580 Flood control General investigations 11. Libby Dam, Kootenai River, Mont 1570 21. Examinations and surveys__ 1583 12. Albeni Falls Reservoir, Pend 22. Collection and study of basic Oreille River, Idaho ..... 1571 data - - - - - 1583 1. PUGET SOUND AND ITS TRIBUTARY WATERS, WASHINGTON Location. Puget Sound is located in the western part of the State of Washington. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 6300, 6450, and 6460.) Previous projects. Project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882, contemplated clearing and maintaining the navi- gable portions of the Skagit, Stillaguamish, Nooksack, Snohomish, and Snoqualmie Rivers, Wash., free from snags, debris, and drift, by means of a shallow-draft stern wheel snag boat constructed for this purpose. For further details, see page 2003 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1869 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for maintenance of Puget Sound and its tributary waters by snagging and dredging. The actual cost for new work was $43,336.92. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $165,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (Annual Re- 1545 1546 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 port for 1893, p. 3425). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1913, page 3127. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at the numerous locali- ties on Puget Sound and its tributary waters are, in general, con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. pipeline dredge Swinomish removed 54,002 cubic yards of material from 3 shoals on the upper Skagit River during August and September 1954 at a cost of $50,387. The U. S. snagboat W. T. Preston was operated a total of 101/2 months at a cost of $97,476, accomplishing the following work: Dredging Obstructions removed Waterway (cubic yards) Snags Piles Miscellaneous Duwamish Waterway __-..___-.... . ] . 1 steel tank. Everett Harbor and Snohomish 3, 256 730 18 2 rafts. River. Lake Washington__---------------- 1, 414 5 bridge timbers and 1 hatch 1, 290 ........-----------.. cover. Lake Washington Ship Canal-......... __ 68 ..----------..... 1 scow and 1 float. Skagit River and north fork--- 33, 270 498 10 4 trees, 337 cubic yards of blasted rock, and 15 cubic yards of rub- bish. Tacoma Harbor .------------------ 47 ...------------ . Total_-----.-- -----. 37, 940 2, 690 28 Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,456. A total of 364 cubic yards of rock in a reef in the north fork of the Skagit River was drilled and blasted by contract during November and December 1954 at a cost of $7,723. Total costs were $167,556, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work has consisted chiefly of snagging and dredging in the principal tributaries of Puget Sound. No permanent results are obtainable, but the maintenance of existing channels requires practically continuous operation of the snag boat. The controlling depths range from 1 to 40 feet at mean lower low water. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $43,337 for new work and $2,126,606 for maintenance, a total of $2,169,943. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated....---------..---........--............------------......----------- ------------------------ $43, 337 Cost----------------------- ------------------------------------------------ 43, 337 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $137, 247 $50,648 $78,029 $109, 582 $160,675 2, 193, 929 Cost.......----------------- 181, 147 55, 119 78, 029 102, 874 167, 556 2, 194, 102 SIncludes $67, 496 for maintenance for previous projects. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1547 2. SWINOMISH SLOUGH, WASH. Location. This is an inland passage, 11 miles long, between Sara- toga Passage and Padilla Bay, in the northwestern part of the State of Washington, about 60 miles north of Seattle. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 6300, 6376, and 6380.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 12 'feet deep at mean lower low water from deep water in Saratoga Passage to deep water in Padilla Bay, a distance of 11 miles, by dredging and dike construction where necessary. The extreme tidal range is about 19 feet at the south end of the slough and about 16 feet at the north end. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.5 feet at the south end of the slough, 8.5 feet at the north end, and 6.5 feet at La Conner. The actual cost for new work was $409,030. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports 1 July 13,1892 Channel 4 feet deep and 100 feet wide, and dike con- H. Doc. 31, 52d Cong., 1st sess., struction. and Annual Report, 1892, p. 2752. Aug. 30, 1935 Enlargement of the channel to present project di- Senate committee print, 73d Cong., mensions. 1st sess. 1 For latest published map, see H. Doc. 860, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Under the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, adopting the project for the 12-foot channel, local interests were required to furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material during initial construction and for future maintenance as and when needed. Compliance with the conditions has not yet been required, as suitable areas for disposal of dredged material have been found without in- voking the requirements of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. There are nine wharves on Swinomish slough, all of which are privately owned and operated for industrial purposes and not open for general public use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging totaling 199,498 cubic yards was accomplished by contract at a cost of $112,616. The timber dike at the "Hole-in-the-Wall" was repaired with Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $2,166. Condi- tion surveys were made at a cost of $3,388. Total costs during the fiscal year were $117,754, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. The dikes are in good condition. In January 1955, the controlling depth in the channel was 8.8 feet at mean lower low water. The costs to June 30, 1955, have been $409,030 for new work and $1,014,834 for maintenance, a total of $1,423,863. 1548 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and ftnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ....--------------- ---------------------- ----------------------- $409, 030 Cost-------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------ 409,030 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $2, 463 $3, 120 $105,300 $107, 600 $14,024 1,014,836 Cost-----------------......... 2, 535 3, 120 49, 045 60, 122 117, 754 1, 014,834 3. EVERETT HARBOR AND SNOHOMISH RIVER, WASH. Location. On Port Gardner Bay, at the northern end of Possession Sound, an arm of Puget Sound, 30 miles north of Seattle and 45 miles south of Bellingham. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6448.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, provided for a basin in front of the Everett Peninsula, for a channel from the end of the basin around the peninsula to the head of Old River, and for a dike from the lower end of Smith Island to the south end of the basin. By authority of joint resolution of Congress approved April 23, 1902, the work in Old River was discontinued. The project was further modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905, to provide for survey of Everett Harbor with a view to the extension of the dike and of the dredged 'page area. For further details, see page 704 of Annual Report for 1905, 2005 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1883 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (1) a training dike extending from a point opposite 23d Street northward to the outlet of Snohomish River, a distance of 12,550 feet, with a spur dike extending 400 feet to the pierhead line from the north end of the main dike; (2) a spur dike extending 1,410 feet westward from Preston Point; (3) removal of an existing section of training dike north of the Snohomish River outlet; (4) a channel 150 to 425 feet wide and 15 feet deep at mean lower low water from deep water in Port Gardner Bay to the 14th Street dock; thence a settling basin 700 feet wide, 1,200 feet long, and 20 feet deep, thence a channel 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep to the outlet of the Sno- homish River, a total distance of 2.6 miles; and (5) maintaining East Waterway to a depth of 30 feet at mean lower low water. The extreme tidal range is about 19 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.1 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $736,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate of annual cost of maintenance of the entire project is $48,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1549 Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 25,1910 Training dike 10,500 feet long extending across the bar H. Doc. 1108, 60th Cong., 2d sess. at the outlet of Old River Channel. July 3,1930 Raising 6,000 feet of the training dike, extending spur H. Doc. 377, 71st Cong., 2d sess. dike, widening gap in dike as required, maintaining East Waterway and the channel to the gap. June 20,1938 Abandoned the project for Snohomish River, and H. Doc. 546, 75th Cong., 3d sess. provided for the settling basin. Sept. 3,1954 Spur dike at Preston Point, removal of training dike H. Doc, 569, 81st Cong., 2d sess. north of river outlet, enlarging channel to 14th St., (contains latest published map). and deepening settling basin. Local cooperation. None required, except the provisions of the 1954 River and Harbor Act, which require local interests to (a) furnish without cost to the United States all necessary lands, ease- ments, right-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for construction and maintenance of the improvements, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from construction and maintenance of the improvements; and (c) maintain depths in access channels to the 14th Street mooring basin and to the terminals commensurate with the depth provided in the related project channel. Local interests have indicated willingness to comply with these requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 25 wharves and piers on Everett Harbor and Snohomish River--12 are located on Port Gardner Bay, 6 on the channel to the gap, and 7 on Snohomish River. Seven wharves are suitable for use by oceangoing vessels; all of these are located on Port Gardner Bay and East Waterway Channel and one serves a publicly owned and operated general cargo terminal that is open for public use. The remaining wharves are used by barges and light-draft vessels and serve various industrial purposes. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey was made at a cost of $2,259, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 44 percent complete. Dike work was commenced in September 1911 and termi- nated in September 1912. A 6,000-foot section of dike was raised to an elevation of 14 feet above mean lower low water in 1931. The channel between the river outlet and the lower harbor was dredged to 8 feet in 1931 and the settling basin to 12 feet in 1940. Dredging of East Waterway has been completed by local interests. Work authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act remains to be done to complete the project. Controlling depths in March 1955 were 7.8 feet in the channel from the lower harbor to the settling basin, 7.4 feet in the settling basin, 6.7 feet from the settling basin upstream for 4,600 feet, and thence 2.9 feet to the gap in the dike. Controlling depth in East Waterway in March 1955 was 27.5 feet. The dike was in good condition except for the southerly end. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $325,968 for new work and $354,503 for maintenance, a total of $680,471. 1550 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954. 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated -------------- ------------------------------- ------- $744,177 Cost - ---- --- ------- ----- ------------ ------------ 744,177 Maintenance: Appropriated ----- -- $1, 001 $2, 500 $76, 472 $3, 800 $2, 307 360, 456 Cost_-- _ -- 1, 828 2, 177 76, 686 3, 870 2, 259 360, 371 1 Includes $418,209.14 for new work and $5,868 for maintenance for previous projects.. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project______ _ $410, 032 4. CHIEF JOSEPH DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, WASH. Location. The Columbia River rises in Columbia Lake, British Columbia, at elevation 2,650, flows northwesterly for nearly 200 miles, then southerly through Upper and Lower Arrow Lakes to enter the United States near the northeast corner of the State of Washington. From the international boundary the river flows south 112 miles to a point below the mouth of the Spokane River, then west 100 miles to the mouth of the Okanogan River, passing Grand Coulee Dam and Chief Joseph Dam en route. Swinging south, the river follows the eastern foothills of the Cascade Mountains for 209 miles to its con- fluence with Snake River. A few miles below the Snake, it turns sharply westward and flows for 324 miles, forming the Washington- Oregon boundary, to the Pacific Ocean. The works covered by this project are on the Columbia River just upstream from the mouth of Foster Creek, 11/2 miles upstream from the town of Bridgeport, Wash., and 51 miles downstream from Grand Coulee Dam. (U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet "Okanogan, Wash.," shows the general locality.) Existing project. The project provides for a straight concrete gravity overflow dam on the Columbia River, 220 feet high, for a powerhouse, and an intake of sufficient capacity to utilize future up- stream storage. The powerhouse will have 16 units installed initially and a substructure for 4 additional units. The ultimate installed ca- pacity will be dependent upon the rate and amount of future develop- ment of upstream storage. Present plans provide for future expansion to a maximum development of 27 units. All units are to be 64,000 kilowatts capacity. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $160,000,000 (16 units). The latest approved estimate for average annual cost of operation and maintenance for a 50-year project life is $1,853,000 for 16 units. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 693, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor operations were carried on as follows: Acquisition of reservoir lands was in prog- ress. Engineering and design were completed for the following items: Main generators (6 units), main transformers (4 units), main control RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1551 switchboards (8 units), main unit governors (6 units), 15-kilovolt bus equipment (4 units), and installation of powerhouse equipment. Preparation of construction drawings to supplement contract drawings for construction of the powerhouse and intake structure and installa- tion of powerhouse equipment was continued. Engineering and de- sign for powerhouse equipment items not yet advertised were also continued. Procurement contracts completed during tlhe fiscal year include main unit substation (12 units), 480-volt substation, main dam switch- gear, station service transformer, trash rack rake, 230-kilovolt equip- ment, operators' cubicles, machine shop equipment, and wire and cable (second group). Procurement contracts substantially completed dur- ing the fiscal year include station service turbines and governors, sta- tion service generators, and main control switchboard (eight units). Procurement contracts under way but not completed during the fiscal year include 100,000-horsepower turbines (16 units), 64,000-kilowatt generators (10 units), main unit governors (16 units), 103,300-kilo- volt-ampere transformers (12 units), main control boards and ap- purtenant equipment (8 units), and 15-kilovolt bus, breakers, and grounding equipment (16 units). Of these contracts, the following were awarded during the fiscal year: Main unit governors (6 units), main control boards and appurtenant equipment (8 units), and 15- kilovolt bus, breakers, and generator grounding equipment (4 units). Work was accomplished on the following construction contracts: Second-stage construction (main dam) contract was completed. Construction of intake structure was completed to permit water in the intake channel. Additional work performed under the power- house construction contract for generator bays, station service bay, and assembly bays included embedment of turbine part, gallery con- struction, and architectural features. Penstock erection was con- tinued. Contract for installation of powerhouse equipment and completion of powerhouse and appurtenances was continued. Work accomplished includes completion of installation of station service turbines and generators; installation of turbine rotating parts, sta- tion service and main unit switchboards and switchgear, conduit and piping; receiving and storing of generator parts and other items of electrical equipment for installation; painting; and other architec- tural features. Contracts were completed for installation of piezom- eters in the right abutment and for adjustment of the water supply system at Elmer City. Contracts for construction of log booms and related facilities and for relocation of Okanogan County roads 269 and 381 were awarded and work was completed. Contract for con- struction of warehouse and related facilities was awarded. Costs for the fiscal year were $25,081,917, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 71 percent complete. Engineering and design (including construction drawings) are about 73 percent complete. Construction contracts completed include construction of first cofferdam, right bank blanket and foundation excavation, commenced in July 1950 and completed in August 1951; excavation of intake canal and relocation of State Highway 10B, completed in June 1951; access highway, completed 363037--55-vol. 2 98 1552 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 in October 1950; Okanogan River Bridge on the access highway, com- pleted in November 1950; Columbia River Bridge, completed in August 1951; housing, administration, and maintenance facilities, completed in September 1950; lawn seeding and landscaping of hous- ing and administration areas, completed in July 1951; right bank piezometer installation, completed in December 1954; reservoir clear- ing, completed in April 1954; relocation of water supply system at Elmer City, completed in October 1954; relocation of Okanogan County roads 269 and 381, completed in April 1955. Construction of the main dam and excavation for the powerhouse and intake structure, commenced in February 1951, was completed in June 1955. Construction of powerhouse and intake structure, commenced in April 1952, is 98 percent complete. Installation of powerhouse equipment, started in October 1953, is 60 percent com- plete. Construction of the warehouse, started in February 1955, is 40 percent complete. Acquisition of project lands is 84 percent complete. Installation of main unit generators has progressed in accordance with the approved schedule, which provides for first three units on the line September 1, 1955. Procurement contracts completed include sluice gates, 19 tainter gates, tainter gate operating machinery, two 165-ton bridge cranes, 50-ton intake gantry crane, 18-ton draft tube gantry crane, draft tube stop-logs, 4,160-volt switchgear, station service substation, station service control switchboards, 480-volt motor control centers, trash racks, intake gates, intake gate operating machinery, truck cranes, main unit substation (12 units), 480-volt substation, main dam switch- gear, station service transformer, trash rack rake, 230-volt equip- ment, operators' cubicles, machine shop equipment, and wire and cable (first and second groups). Work is continuing on procurement contracts in force but not completed. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of engineering and design of powerhouse equipment to be procured under supply contracts; completion of engineering and design for miscellaneous minor features; completion of construction drawings for powerhouse and intake structure and for installation of powerhouse equipment; awarding supply contracts for equipment and materials for the project; completion of construction features now in progress; completion of installation of powerhouse equipment and miscellaneous minor features; and completion of land acquisition. The total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $113,201,208, all for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1553 Cost and financial summary Fiseal year ending June 30 Total to June __.__30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated.- _ $18, 529, 000 $16,892, 000 $14, 903,000 $23, 350,000 $27, 000,000 $108, 845, 760 Cost--------------- 12, 550, 090 15, 008, 561 24, 600, 174 32,092, 598 25, 081, 917 113, 201, 208 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_------- -$4, 889, 920 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 18, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956------------------------------ ----- 13, 110, 080 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -------------------------- 33, 154, 240 5. LAKE WASHINGTON SHIP CANAL, WASH. Location. This improvement lies entirely within the city of Seattle and extends from Puget Sound through Shilshole Bay, Salmon Bay, Lake Union, Portage Bay, and Union Bay to deep water in Lake Washington. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6447.) Previous prdjects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, provided for dredging Salmon Bay and the improvement of the waterway connecting the waters of Puget Sound, at Salmon Bay, with Lakes Union and Washington, by enlarg- ing the said waterway into a ship canal, with necessary locks and appliances. The project as modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902, provided for dredging a low-water channel 10 feet in depth from Shilshole Bay through Salmon Bay to the wharves at Ballard; and for the appointment of a board of engineers to make investigations for constructing a canal, over alternate routes, with necessary locks and dams. For further details see .page 2003, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1880, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a double lock and fixed dam with movable crest and necessary accessory works at the Narrows at the entrance to Salmon Bay, approximately 11/4 miles from deep water in Puget Sound; for a channel 34 feet deep at mean lower low water and 300 feet wide from Puget Sound to the Great Northern Railway bridge, about 5,500 feet, with a passing basin 34 feet deep and log basin 8 feet deep at the turn below the railway bridge; thence 34 feet deep and 150 to 200 feet wide to the locks, about 900 feet; and a guide pier 600 feet long; for the revetment of the canal banks between the locks and Lake Union and between Lakes Union and Washington; and for a channel 30 feet deep with a width of 100 feet from the locks to Lake Union, 200 feet thence to Portage Cut, 100 feet through Portage Cut, and thence 200 feet wide through Union Bay to Lake Washington. 1554 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The following table shows the principal features of the double lock and dam. (The structures are located at Seattle, Wash.) Large lock Small lock Miles above mouth---------------------------------------------------- 14 1}4 Clear width of chamber -_ --- _ _ -------- feet__ 80 30 Maximum available length ---------- do 760 123 Lift -._ __................-------- do- 26 26 Depth on upper miter sill 1 --.-- do-- 36 16 Depth on intermediate miter sill 2------ 29 ----------------------------. do__ Depth on lower miter sill 2..------------ do 29 16 Character of foundation_ - (3) (3) Kind of dam (4) (4) Type of construction ------------- (5) (5) Year completed --- __..... ---------------- . 1916 1916 Cost ______- -_- _-_- - - --- - ---- (6) (6) 1 Low water in upper pool. 2 Mean lower low water in Puget Sound. 3 Clay. 4 Fixed dam with movable crest. 5 Concrete. 6 The cost of double lock and dam was $2,224,712 and the emergency gates, completed in 1923, $174,698.31 The length of section included in this project is about 8 miles. The extreme tidal range is 19.3 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.3 feet, and between mean lower low water and extreme low water is 4.5 feet. The ordinary fluctuation in the upper pool is approximately 16 inches and the ex- treme fluctuation is 2 feet. The actual cost for new work was $3,539,295, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $405,000, of which $363,000 is for operating and care of locks and dam. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 25, 1910 For a double lock and fixed dam with movable crest H. Doc. 953, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 4, 1913 and necessary accessory works at the entrance to Salmon Bay; dredging a channel from the locks to deep water in Puget Sound, and excavation by local interests of a channel from the locks into Lake Washington. Aug. 8,1917 Dredging below the locks and revetting canal banks_... H. Doc. 800, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Increased dimensions of the channel between Puget H. Doc. 324, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Sound and the locks and a 600-foot extension of the lower guide pier. June26, 19341 Operating and care of the locks and dam provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. 3 Aug.30,19352 Enlargement of the channel between the locks and H. Doc. 140, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Lake Washington. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 3 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 110 wharves, piers, and landings on Lake Washington Ship Canal and adjacent inland waters, in- cluding Shilshole Bay, Salmon Bay, Lake Union, Portage Bay, and Lake Washington. Fifteen wharves are used for moorage and serv- icing of commercial fishing vessels; of these, 4 are publicly owned. RIVERS AND HARBORS SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1555 Other publicly operated wharves include 6 used by agencies of the United States Government, and 3 by the city of Seattle. The other wharves include 15 used for the building, outfitting, or repair of vessels, 16 for handling petroleum products, 28 for various indus- trial purposes, and 27 for mooring and servicing pleasure craft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The locks were oper- ated and maintained throughout the year. Rehabilitation accom- plished included southwest section of the Montlake revetments, correc- tion of the slide area at the west boundary of the lock site, overhaul of the pumping plant, and overhaul of miters and sills on the large lock service gates. The costs were $473,091, all for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1934. The water between the locks and Lake Washington is non- tidal and is maintained between elevations 20 feet and 22 feet above mean lower low water in Puget Sound. The controlling depths in midchannel when last ascertained were as follows: From Puget Sound to the locks, 28.2 feet in October 1953; the locks to Lake Union, 29.7 feet in October 1953; Lake Union to Lake Washington, 29.2 feet in November 1953. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $3,539,295 for new work, including $192,516 Public Works funds, $108,379 for maintenance, and $5,044,118 for operation and care, a total of $8,583,413. In addition, the sum of $1,631,195 was expended between 1916 and 1936 on the operation and care of the works of improvement, under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. In addition there was expended by the State of Washington $246,- 567, and by King County, $742,071 in the excavation of the channel above the locks and in construction of concrete revetment at the portage. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated ----------- Cost----------------- ------------ ------------------------ . ------------ $4, 024, 297 ------------ --- ----- 4, 024, 297 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ..-- -.. $268, 500 $328, 817 $371, 500 $467, 800 $322, 220 6, 784, 040 Cost _------ --- - 341, 324 392,089 335, 208 358,183 473, 091 6, 783. 693 1 Includes $485,002 for new work for previous projects. 6. SEATTLE HARBOR, WASH. Location. This harbor includes all waterways within the city limits of Seattle. The chief anchorage basin is Elliott Bay, an arm of Puget Sound, 30 miles north of Tacoma. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6449.) Existing project. This provides for maintenance of the east and west waterways to a depth of 34 feet at mean lower low water, with 1556 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 a width of 750 feet for distances of 6,500 and 5,200 feet, respec- tively, from the pierhead line in Elliott Bay; for the maintenance of east waterway between the upper end of the 750-foot section and Spokane Street, 34 feet deep, 700 feet long, and 400 feet wide, and of a turning basin, including the head of the east waterway at the junc- tion of the waterways south of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad bridge, to a depth of 30 feet, after these sections of the waterway have been dredged by local interests to full project dimensions; and for dredging the Duwamish Waterway 200 feet wide and 30 feet deep at mean lower low water between the west water- way and 1st Avenue South, 150 by 20 feet between 1st and 8th Avenues South, thence 150 by 15 feet to a point about 1.4 miles above 14th Avenue South Bridge, with a turning basin 600 by 350 feet and 20 feet deep just south of the First Avenue South Bridge, and a turning basin 500 by 250 feet and 15 feet deep, a distance of 27,060 feet, or 5.12 miles. The total length of waterways included under the project is about 71/2 miles. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.3 feet. The extreme tidal range is 19.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $170,000, exclusive of $69,300 contributed by local interests. The settling basin portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $23,000, exclusive of $28,500 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimates for annual cost of maintenance are $4,750 for the east waterway, $6,000 for the west waterway, and $48,000 for the Duwamish Water- way. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports Mar. 2,1919 Maintenance of the east and west waterways 750 feet S. Doc. 313, 65th Cong., 3d sess. wide and 34 feet deep, and of the Duwamish Water- way 20 feet deep and 150 feet wide as far south as the 8th Avenue South Bridge. Mar. 3,1925 Enlargement of the Duwamish Waterway 1-..--....... H. Doc. 108, 68th Cong., 1st sess.,' July 3, 1930 and H. Doc. 126, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30,1935 Maintenance of the east waterway between the 750- H. Doc. 211, 72d Cong., 1st sess.2 foot section and Spokane St. and of the turning basin at the junction of the east and west water- ways. 1 Includes settling basin of 100,000 cubic-yard capacity which has been classified as inactive. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, including agreement to pay half of the cost of dredging the settling basin at such time as in the judgment of the United States seems necessary. Terminal facilities. There are 122 wharves and piers on Seattle Harbor, exclusive of those given in the report for Lake Washington Ship Canal. Fifty are located on Elliott Bay, 19 on east waterway, 15 on west waterway, 35 on Duwamish Waterway, and 3 on Puget Sound near the northern limits of the port. Of these, 20 general cargo RIVERS AND HARBORS SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1557 terminals and 1 grain terminal are open for public use. Thirteen of the general cargo terminals are publicly owned and seven of these are publicly operated. The grain terminal is publicly owned and pri- vately operated. The remaining 84 serve various industrial purposes, with the exception of 10 that are either owned or leased by the United States and are restricted to Government use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging totaling 318,360 cubic yards was accomplished under contract in November 1954 in the upper 4,000 feet of the Duwamish Waterway at a cost of $100,892. The cost of condition surveys was $2,091. Total costs were $162,982, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1931, except the settling basin, which has been classified as inactive. Controlling depths in the several waterways when last surveyed were as follows: West waterway, 34 feet except along the edges and the extreme inner portion in April 1953; east waterway, from Elliott Bay to the Spokane Street terminal, 34 feet except along the edges and except over 1 small shoal where the least depth was 27.7 feet, and 26.9 feet over a width of 150 feet in the southerly 600 feet of the waterway, in September 1953; Duwamish Waterway, 25.5 feet except along the edges from the head of west waterway to 1st Avenue South, 15.1 feet except along the edges from 1st Avenue South to 8th Avenue South, 13.7 feet except along the edges from 8th Avenue South to 14th Avenue South, and 7.5 feet except along the edges from 14th Avenue South to 1,500 feet above 14th Avenue South, in February 1955; thence 7.7 feet by 150 feet for 3,500 feet, thence 16.2 feet by 150 feet to the turning basin, and a least depth in the turning basin of 16.1 feet in November 1954. Local interests have practically completed dredging of east waterway above the 750-foot section and of the turning basin at the junction of the waterways to 30 feet. The costs from Federal funds to June 30, 1955, have been $170,335 for new work and $905,128 for maintenance, a total of $1,075,463. In addition, $69,333 has been expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 1 New work: Appropriated---.-------------- . ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $170,335 Cost----------------------................--------------.......................------------.... 170,335 Maintenance: Appropriated..--------..... $143, 700 -$5, 834 $88, 875 $88, 800 $3, 899 905, 128 Cost----------------- 142, 125 776 9, 858 8, 957 162, 982 905, 128 1 In addition $69,332.64 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-_--------------------- (1) 1$23,000 is estimated cost of settling basin, which has been classified as "inactive." 1558 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 7. TACOMA HARBOR, WASH. Location. This harbor is 30 miles south of Seattle and embraces Commencement Bay and tributary waterways. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6407.) Previous projects. The project for the Puyallup Waterway, pro- viding for a channel 500 feet wide, 32 feet deep, and 3,650 feet long, was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905; suspended by the act of June 25, 1910; and abandoned by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. For further details, see pages 1372 to 1376 of Annual Report for 1934, and page 1875 of Annual Report for 1938. The project providing for maintenance of a channel in Wapato (Port Industrial) Waterway, 700 feet wide and 34 feet deep over such length as shall have been dredged by local interests to dimensions stated, was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, superseded by the project for that waterway adopted March 2, 1945, and again superseded by the existing project adopted September 3, 1954. For further details, see page 1702 of Annual Report for 1944, and page 1502 of Annual Report for 1954. Existing project. This provides for (1) a channel in City Water- way, 500 feet wide and 29 feet deep at mean lower low water from deep water in Commencement Bay to the 11th Street Bridge, 500 feet wide and 22 feet deep to the 14th Street Bridge, and varying from 500 to 250 feet wide and 19 feet deep from the 14th Street Bridge to the end of this waterway, a total length of 8,500 feet; (2) a channel in Hylebos Waterway 200 feet wide and 30 feet deep from Commence- ment Bay to the bend below Lincoln Avenue, thence 150 feet wide and 30 feet deep to a turning basin of the same depth, 410 feet wide and 900 feet average length; (3) construction of 2 training walls, each about 700 feet long, at the mouth of Puyallup River; and (4) dredg- ing to a depth of 30 feet, Port Industrial (Wapato) Waterway from deep water in Commencement Bay to not nearer than 100 feet from Lincoln Avenue, and over widths not nearer than 50 feet from estab- lished pierhead lines or lateral limits of the waterway, except through East 11th Street Bridge, where the channel width shall be 150 feet. The extreme tidal range is about 20 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.8 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $990,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, and exclusive of $66,000 value in work contributed by local interests for dredging Port Industrial (Wapato) Waterway. The latest (1954) approved estimates for annual cost of maintenance are as follows: City Waterway, $10,000; Hylebos Waterway, $16,000; Port Industrial (Wapato) Waterway, $14,000; and Puyallup River training walls, $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1559 Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 13,1902 City Waterway ______________-_-___-.----_ H. Doc. 76, 56th Cong., 2d sess. July 3,1930 Hylebos Waterway- __-_________________-____ Rivers and Harbors Committee Aug. 26,1937 Doc. 25, 71st Cong., 2d sess., and Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 91, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30,1935 Training walls at the mouth of Puyallup River. Rivers and Harbors Committee (Training walls previously authorized by the Doc. 55, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Public Works Administration Sept. 6, 1933.) Sept. 3,1954 Port Industrial (Wapato) Waterway extension-....... Chief of Engineers' Report dated April 11, 1955.2 1 Contains latest published maps of Hylebos Waterway. s Contains latest published map of Port Industrial Waterway. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for Port Indus- trial Waterway, the improvement of which is subject to the provisions that local interests (a) furnish all lands, easements, disposal areas and rights-of-way necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from construction and maintenance of the improvement; (c) make alterations as required in sewer, water supply, drainage and other utility facilities, and (d) provide and maintain suitable terminal and transfer facilities, and adequate depths in approaches and berthing areas adjacent to the terminals. The port of Tacoma has indicated willingness to comply with the foregoing requirements. The port has initiated construc- tion on the project, including dredging in the Federal project area. The cost of work done in the Federal area exceeds the cash or equiva- lent work that would have been required as a contribution for the local share of the first cost ($66,000) attributable to land enhancement. Terminal facilities. There are 74 wharves and piers on Tacoma Harbor. Seventeen are located on Commencement Bay, 27 on City Waterway, 4 on Middle Waterway, 6 on Milwaukee Waterway, 8 on Port Industrial Waterway, and 12 on Hylebos Waterway. Twenty- eight of the wharves are suitable for use by oceangoing vessels; of these 5 serving general cargo terminals and 1 serving a grain elevator are open for public use; 2 of the former and the latter are publicly owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys of Hylebos, Puyallup, and City Waterways were made in March 1955 at a cost of $1,536. The east training wall at the mouth of Puyallup Waterway was reconstructed under contract in July 1.954 at a cost of $8,990. Total costs were $11,257, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 83 percent complete. City Waterway was completed in 1905. The costs have been $150,019 for new work and $216,900.21 for maintenance, a total of $366,919, not including $5,000 expended for maintenance from con- tributed funds. The depths available in March 1955 were as follows: 29.2 feet over a width of 500 feet, from Commencement Bay to South 11th Street; 20.9 feet over a width of 500 feet, from South 11th Street to South 14th Street; and 13.2 feet over a width of 130 feet, from South 14th Street to the head of the waterway. 1560 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Hylebos Waterway was completed in 1939. The costs have been $212,502 for new work and $74,442 for maintenance, a total of $286,944. Depths available in March 1955 were as follows: 29.3 feet over a width of 150 feet from deep water in Commencement Bay to East 11th Street; 28.8 feet over a width of 150 feet from East 11th Street to bend below Lincoln Avenue; and 28.3 feet over a width of 150 feet above Lincoln Avenue, with a least depth of 30 feet in the turning basin, except in the upper 100 feet and along the edges. The 2 rubble mound training walls at the mouth of Puyallup River were completed in 1934 at a cost of $51,609, all for new work. Mainte- nance costs have been $16,824. Total costs to date have been $68,433. On April 4, 1943, a slide destroyed the east training wall. Approxi- mately 550 feet of this wall were replaced by an untreated contact pile structure during July 1954, which has been partly or completely destroyed by teredo action. Repairs will be made during fiscal year 1956. The west wall is in good condition. No work has been done by the Corps of Engineers on the existing project for Port Industrial Waterway. The port of Tacoma has dredged about 1,588,000 cubic yards or 72 percent of the Federal proj- ect work in the waterway. Miscellaneous inspections and reports have been made at a cost of $2,164.51, all for maintenance. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging the remaining 28 percent of Port Industrial Waterway to a depth of 30 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been $414,129 for new work, including $51,609 Public Works funds, and $300,741 for maintenance, a total of $714,870, not including $5,000 contributed funds for maintenance, or the work done by the port of Tacoma in Port Industrial Waterway. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 2 New work: Appropriated --------------... . - -------------.- - .--------...... ... -- $573, 714 Cost_------------------ --- - ------------ ----------- ------------ ------------ 573, 714 Maintenance: Appropriated------......... $48, 499 -$870 $2, 600 $17, 500 -$507 306, 091 Cost_--- -------- --- 45, 892 1, 893 2, 453 5, 988 11, 257 306, 088 1Includes $159,584.46 for new work and $5,346.91 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $5,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_. 1 $646, 200 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______________ ___________________ _ 1 646, 200 1 Funds in excess of actual requirements will be revoked. 8. GRAYS HARBOR AND CHEHALIS RIVER, WASH. Location. Grays Harbor lies at the mouth of Chehalis River, in the southwestern part of the State of Washington, 45 miles north of the entrance to Columbia River. The inner portion comprises RIVERS AND HARBORS SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1561 two main channels, the south and the north, connecting the harbor proper with the Chehalis River at Aberdeen. Chehalis River rises in the southwestern part of the State of Washington, about 40 miles east of the Pacific Ocean, flows in a general northwesterly direction and empties into the eastern part of Grays Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6195.) Previous projects. The original project for the Chehalis River, adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882, provided for removal of log jams and for annual snagging. The original project for the inner harbor, adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, provided for improvement of north channel, by constructing a dike across middle channel and head of south channel; and improv- ing Chehalis River from Grays Harbor to Montesano by dredging a channel 16 feet deep and 200 feet wide and by diking across 5 sloughs. For further details, see pages 2002-2003 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1863 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel across the bar 600 feet wide and 30 feet deep, to be secured by a south jetty 13,734 feet long and a north jetty 16,000 feet long, both at an elevation of 16 feet above mean lower low water and by dredging; for mainte- nance of a channel 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and 350 feet wide from deep water in Grays Harbor to Cow Point, a distance of 14 miles; thence 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide, suitably widened at the bends, to a point 13,700 feet upstream from the Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen, a distance of 41/8 miles; a turning basin 30 feet deep, 550 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long at the upstream end of the 30-foot channel near Cosmopolis; for a channel 14 feet deep at mean lower low water and 100 feet wide in South Bay to Bay City; for 2 breakwaters at, and maintenance of an entrance channel to, Westhaven Cove; and for protection of Point Chehalis for an exposed length of about 7,500 feet. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 9 feet at Point Chehalis, 9.9 feet at Aberdeen, and 8.1 feet at Montesano. The extreme range is 15 feet at Point Chehalis, 18.1 feet at Aberdeen, and 23.8 feet at Montesano (river flood of 1935). The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $5,286,000. The Cos- mopolis to Montesano portion of the project (dredging from 12- to 16-foot depth) is classified as inactive, and is excluded from the fore- going cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955, and was estimated to be $244,000. This cost also does not include amounts expended on previous projects and Navy funds expended on deepening from 26 feet to 30 feet the channel from deep water in Grays Harbor to the port of Grays Harbor Commission terminal, nor does it include $244,000 local interests' share of the inactive por- tion. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance dredging in the section below Aberdeen is $373,700; and the latest (1954) estimate for annual maintenance of Westhaven break- waters and entrance channel, and Point Chehalis protection, is $70,000; and for the 30-foot channel from the port terminal to Cosmopolis, $13,000. Local interests are to enlarge and maintain Westhaven base, and maintain the channel above Cosmopolis. 1562 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 3, 1896 South jetty ________________ ._____---____- Annual Report, 1895, pp. 3517-3533. Mar. 2,1907 A north jetty, 9,000 feet long ___--------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 2, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Do_______ The 18-foot channel__________________________ __ . Doc. 507, 59th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Extension of the north jetty, 7,000 feet; length of the Rivers and Harbors Committee south jetty fixed at 13,734 feet. Doc. 29, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Do.-..... A 6-foot channel above Cosmopolis--................. -- H. Doc. 1125, 60th Cong. 2d sess. 1917..H.Dredging in the bar channel8,......... Aug. 8,1917 Doc. 1729, 64th Cong., 2d sess.; Jan. 21, 1927 ---------------------- H. Doc. 582, 69th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 The 16-foot channel from Cosmopolis to Montesano.l_- H. Doc. 315, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Reconstruction of the north and south jetties to an Rivers and Harbors Committee elevation of 16 feet above mean lower low water. Doc. 2, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Do ... _ Maintenance of the 26-foot channel below Aberdeen H. Doc. 53, 73d Cong., 1st sess.; (as authorized by the Public Works Administration Rivers and Harbors Committee Dec. 11, 1933) and for combining the projects for Doc. 2, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Grays Harbor and bar entrance, and Grays Harbor, inner portion, and Chehalis River, under a modified project for Grays Harbor and Chebalis River. Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of a 30-foot depth in the channel from Report on file in Office, Chief of deep water in Grays Harbor, to the port of Grays Engineers. Harbor Commission terminal, whichb was deepened from 26 to 30 feet with Navy funds. June 30, 1948 The 14-foot channel to Bay City; breakwater at H. Doc. 635, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Westbaven; protection of Point Chehalis; and maintenance of Westhaven entrance channel. Sept. 3,1954 Dredging and maintenance of a 30-foot channel and H. Doc. 412, 83d Cong., 2d sess. turning basin from Aberdeen to Cosmopolis. 2 Do .... Additional breakwater, 1,400 feet long, at Westhaven H. Doc. 30, 84th Cong., 1st sess. Cove. 1 This modification is classified as "inactive" and consists of a channel 16 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and 10/ miles 1 long, with a turning basin 16 feet deep, 1,500 feet long, and 200 to 500 feet wide, at Montesano. Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, adopting the 16-foot channel, provides that local interests contribute one-half the first cost, estimated at $280,000, and give assurances sat- isfactory to the Secretary of War and Chief of Engineers that they will assume the entire cost of maintenance of same and provide a suitable public terminal at Montesano. These assurances have been given and $35,834.27 contributed, which was expended in 1931 with an equal amount of Government funds in securing a 12-foot channel to Montesano, the remaining contribution necessary to complete the project being deferred until a later date, as approved by the Secretary of War, March 18, 1931. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, continues the re- quirement that local interests shall pay one-half of the first cost of enlarging the channel between Cosmopolis and Montesano, and fur- ther provides that the Grays Harbor Port Commission shall continue to remove all snags and deadheads from the channels, shall furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material as and when needed, and shall assist in the work of maintenance by loaning to the United States, when not required on the work of the Commission, its pipeline dredge without charge other than reimbursement to the Port of Grays Harbor Commission for the operating costs of the dredge on a basis approved by the Chief of Engineers, and maintain the channel above the Union Pacific Rail- road bridge at Aberdeen.' These conditions have been met as re- quired to cover current needs. SModified by 1954 River and Harbor Act. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1563 With Navy funds, the 26-foot channel was deepened to 30 feet, and widened to 350 feet in the narrow section, from the port terminal to deep water, at a cost of $162,000. The Act of June 30, 1948, authorizing the Bay City Channel and improvements at Westhaven and Point Chehalis, provides that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish lands and rights-of-way required for construc- tion and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial dredging and subse- quent maintenance, when and as required; maintain depths at the Bay City wharf commensurate with those of the channel; lend to the United States the port of Grays Harbor dredge for dredging the Bay City and Westhaven Channels, without charge other than reimburse- ment for the operating cost of the dredge on a basis approved by the Chief of Engineers; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of improvements; enlarge and maintain the Westhaven base by dredging; and construct, in accordance with plans approved by the Secretary of the Army, maintain, and operate, adequate mooring facilities within the basin, utilities, and a public landing with suitable service and supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. The necessary assurances of local cooperation were furnished by the Port Commission of the port of Grays Harbor on October 7, 1949, and were approved by the Secre- tary of the Army on November 23, 1949. The Port Commission furnished necessary rights-of-way on May 1, 1950; and dredged the existing base to a depth of 16 feet and constructed bulkheads, wharf and float facilities, utilities, service and supply features in 1952, thus completing requirements for local cooperation, except for enlarge- ment of the base, which is included in the revised provisions of the 1954 River and Harbor Act. The act of September 3, 1954, authorizing the 30-foot channel to Cosmopolis and the additional breakwater at Westhaven Cove, pro- vides that local interests (a) furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-dis- posal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from the construction and maintenance of the im- provements, including any damages to the three bridges in the Chehalis River improvement area; (c) lend to the United States the port of Grays Harbor pipeline dredge, when not required on necessary work for the port, for initial channel dredging and subsequent maintenance, without charge other than reimbursement for the operation and main- tenance costs, on a basis approved by the Chief of Engineers; (d) pro- vide and maintain at the proposed project depth, access channels to all active loading wharves and areas along the Chehalis River Chan- nel, and berthing areas within 50 feet of the wharves; (e) continue removal of snags and logs from the entire reach of the main river channel; (f) dredge and maintain a new basin about 16 acres in area shoreward of the Westhaven breakwater addition to a depth of at least 14 feet below mean lower low water; (g) construct and maintain any additional bulkheads required in the new basin area for retention of dredged material; and (h) construct, maintain, and operate adequate mooring facilities, utilities, and a public landing with suitable service 1564 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and supply facilities in the new basin, open to all on equal terms. The Port Commission of Grays Harbor has given tentative approval of the foregoing combined requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 32 wharves and piers on Grays Harbor and adjacent inland waters, including 1 general cargo ter- minal, 13 sawmill wharves, 1 pulp- and paper-mill wharf, 8 fish wharves; 8 miscellaneous industrial wharves, and 1 is not in use. One general cargo wharf and two fish wharves are publicly owned and open to public use. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, hired labor: Operations during the fiscal year included work on preparation of a model study report by the Waterways Experiment Station at Vicks- burg, and preliminary engineering studies and investigations for pro- tection of Point Chehalis. Contract: A contract for 540 linear feet of west shore revetment construction at Westhaven Cove was awarded in August 1954 and com- pleted in December 1954, using 13,560 tons of rock, 1,515 cubic yards of gravel, and 9,560 cubic yards of sand fill. Total costs were $148,602, all for new work. Maintenance: Surveys were made by the U. S. survey boat Mamala at a cost of $20,585.86. The U. S. hopper dredge Pacific, during the period February 14 to March: 14, 1955, removed 1,500 cubic yards of material from the Chehalis River above Cow Point; 55,301 cubic yards from Cross-Over Channel; 73,067 cubic yards from Sand Island Shoal, a total of 129,868 cubic yards, at a cost of $43,880. The U. S. hopper dredge Biddle, during the period March 25 to May 5, 1955, removed 4,644 cubic yards of material from Chehalis River above Cow Point; 264,504 cubic yards from Cross-Over Channel; and 304,158 cubic yards from Sand Island Shoal, a total of 573,306 cubic yards, at a cost of $141,442.56. The pipeline dredge Robert Gray, leased from the port of Grays Harbor Commission, removed 380,783 cubic yards of material from the north channel at a cost of $77,908. Costs for the fiscal year were $148,602 for new work and $286,002 for maintenance, a total of $434,604. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 75 per- cent complete, excluding the inactive portion. The south jetty was completed in 1902 with a groin 11,952 feet from the high-water line. A 12,656-foot section of the jetty was reconstructed to an elevation of 20 feet above mean lower low water during the period 1936-40. In April 1955, the inner 100 feet of the reconstructed jetty had been partially removed, the next 5,250 feet were at or near grade, the next 1,650 feet showed subsidence to a maximum depth of 16 feet below grade, and the outer 5,656 feet varied from elevations 3 feet above to elevations below mean lower low water. The north jetty was com- pleted to midtide elevation in December 1913. It was later restored and raised to or above ordinary high water, this work being com- pleted in January 1916. During 1941 and 1942, an 8,288-foot section was reconstructed westward from the high-water line, the inner 7,760 feet being raised to a crest elevation of + 20 feet and the remainder to an elevation of + 30 feet. The remainder of the north jetty has not been restored. The 412-foot section seaward of the reconstructed RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1565 jetty is at the elevation of mean lower low water, and the 7,300-foot section shoreward of the reconstructed jetty has sanded in. An exam- ination of the reconstructed jetty, made in July 1953, showed that sea action had leveled the outer 325 feet; had breached the sand spit at the shore end, exposing old jetty rock to the east; and a 1,000-foot section about 1,000 feet from the outer end showed a maximum settle- ment of 10 feet. In 1950, the Westhaven Cove breakwater authorized by the 1948 River and Harbor Act was completed in 2 sections, A and B, and 4 timber pile groins to protect Point Chehalis were constructed. In 1951, three rock groins were added to the Point Chehalis works. In 1952, the original timber pile groins were reinforced, and a revet- ment connecting all seven groins was constructed with stone removed from the east end of the reconstructed portion of the south jetty; and local interests completed initial dredging of the entrance channel to Westhaven Cove. In 1953 and 1954, section A of the breakwater and one of the groins were reinforced. Construction of 540 linear feet of west shore revetment at Westhaven Cove, extending westward along the shore from groin 5, was completed in December 1954. The 26-foot channel previously dredged by the port of Grays Har- bor below Aberdeen was deepened to 30 feet from the port terminal to deep water in the lower harbor in 1945. The 18-foot channel be- low Cosmopolis and 6-foot channel between Cosmopolis and Monte- sano were completed in 1910, and the latter was deepened to 12 feet in 1931. The Bay City Channel was completed in July 1950. The controlling depths, when last ascertained, were as follows: Bar Channel, 30 feet over a width of 1,500 feet (August 1954) ; deep wa- ter in lower harbor to port terminal, 25.5 feet over a width of 250 feet (June 1955); port terminal to Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen, 26 feet over a width of 150 feet (February 1955); Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen to Cosmopolis, 22.6 feet over a width of 200 feet (January to March 1950) ; Cosmopolis to Montesano, 8.9 feet (April 1943); Bay City Channel, 14 feet over a width of 100 feet (November 1953). Project dimensions were available in West- haven Cove entrance channel in February 1954. The work remaining to be done to complete the project includes constructing further protective works on the west shore of Point Che- halis as required, constructing an additional breakwater at Westhaven Cove; and dredging a 30-foot channel and turning basin between Aberdeen and Cosmopolis. Deepening of the channel to 16 feet be- tween Cosmopolis and Montesano has been classified as inactive. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular---- -------------------------------.. $3,942,410.12 $13,434,642.98 $17,377,053.10 Public Works ---- ------------------------------------- 57, 000.00 57, 000. 00 Emergency Relief---------------------------------------------409, 659. 55 409, 659.55 Total, United States funds...-------------------- 3, 942, 410. 12 13, 901, 302. 53 17, 843, 712. 65 Contributed funds--------------------------------- 35, 834. 27 47, 889. 45 83, 723. 72 Total, all funds -------------------------------... 3, 978, 244. 39 13, 949, 191. 98 17,927,436.37 1566 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 12 New work: Appropriated--------- $500, 000 __ _ -$135, 400 $93,300 $4, 062, 489 ____ Cost--------- - 436, 593 $245, 168 $81, 294 76, 635 148, 602 4,055, 545 Maintenance: Appropriated .---- 340,000 109, 665 233, 000 233, 405 276, 733 13, 938, 164 Cost_--------------- 329,894 111, 718 238,186 228,558 286,002 13, 938, 718 I Includes $113,134.38 for new work anu $37,415.45 for mainttnance for previous projects. 2 In addition $35,834.27 for new work and $47,889.45 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds; and $162,000 was expended from Navy funds for new work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- $6, 677 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 541, _____ 800 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------- --------------------------- 548, 477 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project__________________----------_ 1 794, 845 1 Does not include $244,000 required for completion of inactive portion of project. 9. WILLAPA RIVER AND HARBOR AND NASELLE RIVER, WASH. Location. Willapa Harbor consists of the lower reaches of Willapa River and Willapa Bay, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean located about 30 miles north of the mouth of Columbia River in the State of Washington. Willapa River rises about 30 miles east of the harbor, flows in a general westerly direction, and empties into the bay. Naselle River rises in the Willapa Hills southeast of Willapa Bay, flows south and then northwest, and enters the bay near its southerly end, draining an area of 153 square miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6185.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, provided for a channel 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep from deep water in Willapa Bay to Willapa City, by dredging and construction of dikes across the head of Mailboat and Lauderbach sloughs, and for snagging the Naselle River. The act of August 18, 1894, appropriated funds for the work underway and for improving North River by removal of a log jam. The act of March 3, 1899, authorized additional work in clearing a channel through the log jam on North River and appropriated funds for work on the 8-foot channel to Willapa City. The act of June 13, 1902, author- ized the expenditure of funds for the improvement of Willapa River and Harbor, North and Naselle Rivers, by snagging or otherwise. The act of March 2, 1907, contemplated a channel 150 feet wide and 12 feet deep between South Bend and Raymond. The act of June 25, 1910, provided for a channel 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep from deep water in Willapa Bay to the junction of the North and South Forks of the river at Raymond, and for a channel 18 feet deep and 150 feet wide up the South Fork for a distance of 3,100 feet. For further details, see page 2001 of Annual Report for 1915; page 968 of Annual Report for 1910; and page 1861 of Annual Report for 1938. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1567 Existing project. This provides for (1) a channel over the bar at the mouth of Willapa Bay, 26 feet deep at mean lower low water and at least 500 feet wide; (2) a channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide from deep water in Willapa Bay to the foot of Ferry Street at South Bend, thence 300 feet wide to the westerly end of the narrows, thence 250 feet wide to the forks of the river at Raymond, including a cutoff channel 3,100 feet long at the narrows and a closing dike at Mailboat Slough; (3) a channel 24 feet deep and 150 feet wide up the south fork to the deep basin above Cram lumber mill, and up the north fork to 12th Street, with a turning basin 250 feet wide, 350 feet long, and 24 feet deep at the latter point; (4) a channel 10 feet deep at mean lower low water and 40 feet wide from deep water in Palix River to Bay Center dock, with a widening at the shoreward end to provide a small mooring basin; (5) a mooring basin 15 feet deep, 350 feet wide, and 600 feet long adjacent to the port wharf at Tokeland; (6) an entrance channel at Nahcotta 10 feet deep and 300 feet wide, and a mooring basin 10 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 1,100 feet long, protected by a rubble-mound breakwater about 1,600 feet long; and (7) removal of snags, piles, and other obstructions in the navigable channel of the Naselle River between Naselle and the mouth. The project includes about 26 miles of channel from the en- trance through the Willapa River forks, 2,800 feet of the Palix River- Bay Center channel, and 9 miles of the Naselle River upstream of the U. S. Highway 101 bridge. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.9 feet at Toke Point; 9.9 feet at Raymond; 9.2 feet at Bay Center, and 10.8 feet near Naselle. The extreme range is 18 feet at Toke Point; 19.3 feet at Raymond; 16 feet at Bay Center; and 18 feet near Naselle. The estimated cost for new work (1955) is $1,780,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $71,775 con- tributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $288,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports July 27, 1916 Channel 24 feet deep, 200 feet wide, in Willapa River, H. Doc. 706, 63d Cong., 2d sess. and 150 feet wide in the forks. Aug. 30, 19351 Maintenance of the channel over the bar to a depth of Rivers and Harbors Committee 26 feet and minimum width of 500 feet. Doec. 41, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Do 2 _--__ For the cutoff channel at the narrows--------------Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 37, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel from deep water in Palix River to Bay Cen- H. Doc. 481, 76th Cong., 2d sess. ter dock. Sept. 3,1954 Widening Willapa River Channel to 300 feet and 250 H. Doc. 425, 83d Cong., 2d sess.3 feet between South Bend and the forks; Tokeland and Nahcotta Basins; and Naselle River clearance. 1Included in the Public Works Administration program, Dec. 11, 1933. 2 Included in the Emergency Relief program, May 28, 1935. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except provisions of the 1954 River and Harbor Act, which require local interests to (a) fur- nish without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial construc- 363037-55- vol. 2--99 1568 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tion and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements, including such damage as may oc- cur to public or leased oyster beds; (c) construct and maintain within each boat basin adequate mooring facilities and a public landing with suitable service and supply facilities open to all on equal terms; (d) construct and maintain the necessary bulkheads for retention of dredged material at Tokeland; (e) maintain the moorage areas of the boat basins to project depth; and (f) maintain suitable access roads to the boat basins. Local interests have indicated willingness to ac- cept these terms. Terminal facilities. There are 32 wharves on Willapa River and Harbor, including 7 in Willapa Bay, 7 in Bay Center, 16 in Raymond and South Bend, and 2 in Tokeland. Three of the wharves at Ray- mond and South Bend are suitable for use by oceangoing vessels; 1 of these, which is publicly owned and operated, is open for use as a general cargo terminal, and 2 are located at sawmills. All of the other wharves, including three that are publicly owned and operated, are used by light-draft vessels in local trade. These facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging of Willapa River totaling 128,302, cubic yards was accomplished by the U. S. hopper dredge Rossell during May and June 1955 at a cost of $52,501, and maintenance dredging of Bay Center Channel, total- ing 27,958 cubic yards, was accomplished by contract, March to June 1955, at a cost of $26,815. The cost of hydrographic surveys by the U. S. survey boat Mamala was $20,988. Total costs were $88,412, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 44 per- cent complete. The entrance and Willapa River Channels were com- pleted in 1936, except for the widening. The channel from Palix River to Bay Center was completed in 1949. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the features authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act, including the Willapa River widening, the Tokeland and Nahcotta boat basins, and the Naselle River improve- ment. The dike at the head of Mailboat Slough is in good condition. A survey completed June 6, 1955, showed a controlling depth of 26 feet over a width of 500 feet across the bar. The controlling depths RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1569 in the inner channels in May and June 1955 were as follows: Below forks at Raymond, 22 feet over width of 125 feet; lower 2,200 feet of north fork, 22.8 feet over width of 80 feet; and lower 1,500 feet of s.outh fork, 17.9 feet over width of 100 feet. The controlling depth in Bay Center Channel in June 1955 was 9.6 feet with a least depth of 10 feet in the turning basin. There has been no deep-draft naviga- tion in the upper portions of the forks, and no soundings have been taken in recent years. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, have been as follows : New work Maintenance Total Regular. - - - - __ __ $580, 322. 47 $2, 668, 427. 36 $3, 248, 749. 83 Public Works . ---- -- --- -- - ---------.... 78, 533.00 78, 533.00 Emergency Relief 192, 314. 06 ----------------............... 192, 314. 06 Total, United States funds_ 772, 636. 53 2, 746, 90. 36 3, 519, 596. 89 Contributed finds__ 71, 775. 00 -............... 71, 775. 00 Total, all funds _- - -_ - 844, 411.53 2, 746, 960. 36 3, 591, 371. 89 The total costs have been $3,519,597, of which $3,248,750 were regu- lar funds, $78,533 Public Works funds, and $192,314.06 Emergency Relief funds. In addition, $71,775 was expended from contributed funds. Cost and finuancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 195112 New work: Appropriated------------------ -- -$852 ---------------------------------- $1,000, 720 Cost .......----------------- $3, 794 6 -- ------------------------ 1,000, 720 Maintenance: Appropriated -- 196, 752 131, 259 -$19, 635 $198, 250 $80, 126 2,753, 909 Cost------------- ...............---. 186,901 85, 217 38,610 193, 382 88, 412 2,754,137 1 Includes $228,083.83 for new work and $7,176.62 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $71,775 for new work was expended from contributed funds for existing project and $6,596.92 contributed funds for previous project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project -_-_-_-_-_-_-------_ $779, 280 1570 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 10. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation reamouniredto Report Construction and main- complete tenance l 1. Kootenai River, Idaho and Mont. ...------ 1933 $9, 254. 54 $5, 642. 60 (2) 2. Blaine Harbor, Wash ................ ----- $453, 000 3. Bellingham Harbor, Wash. -- . 1954 3 112, 013. 16 4 143, 073. 41 1,388, 000 4. Columbia1 River, Wenatchee to Kettle Falls, W ash. --... - - .. .. .. ------.. . ..-- 1923 274, 390. 53 7, 692. 58 (5) 5. Anacortes Harbor, Wash.: a. Active portion ..........-.-- 1954 6 46, 376. 90 7, 969. 15 7 149, 000 b. Inactive portion----------- 1954 8 9, 000 6. Neah Bay, Wash-........ . -..- 1954 1, 934,482.70 174. 883. 15 150, 000 7. Skagit River, Wash.: a. A ctive portion ............ ........... 1950 99, 829.80 36, 257. 81 (2) b. Deferred portion 9--.__. .. 1950 1o348, 200 8. Stillaguamish River, Wash..----------- 1946 8 189, 000 9. Flathead River, Mont.' __------- 1901 9,810.77 (11) 10. Lake Crockett, Wash ---------- 1954 260, 239. 67 26, 829. 29 (2) 11. Port Angeles Harbor, Wash.: a. Active portion . ...-------------------- 508, 000 b. Inactive portion ------------------- --- 1950 8 44, 000 12. Waterway connecting Port Townsend Bay and Oak Bay, Wash _ ...... - 1954 73, 322.35 66, 768. 34 (2) 13. Quillayute River, Wash.: a. Active portion.......------------------- 1954 68, 000.00 161,731.72 12444, 000 b. Inactive portion ----------------------- 1954 --------.-.-- .----.------ 8 12, 000 14. Port Gamble Harbor, Wash.: a. Active portion ...... .................. 1953 1311, 911. 08 13, 336.65 (2) b. Inactive portion _- 4 - - 1953 8 56, 000 15. Polson Bay, Flathead Lake, Mont.' .__.. . 1918 4, 491. 14 258.86 (2) 16. Shilshole Bay, Seattle, Wash 4 ......--- ---.. 3, 630, 000 17. Port Orchard Bay, Wash.. . ....- 1928 42, 803. 58 ........... __ (2) 18. Hammersley Inlet, Wash.: ' a. Active portion ...------------------- 1950 9, 000. 00 10, 682. 67 (2) b. Inactive portion_.------------------ 1950 8 30, 000 19. Olympia Harbor, Wash.. .................. 1954 is 262, 825.33 1779, 750. 78 345, 090 20. Hoqiiam River, Wash ................ _.... 1950 51,293.64 5, 316. 35 (2) 21. Removing accumulated snags and debris under authority of sec. 3 of River and Harbor Act approved Mar. 2, 1945 __..... 1953 69, 320. 69 (11) 1No commerce reported. 2 Completed. 3 In addition, $56,581.93 was expended for previous projects. 4 In addition, $1,092.05 was expended for previous projects. 5All work now contemplated has been completed. River closed by Grand Coulee Dam. 6 In addition, $23,188.45 was expended from contributed funds. 7 In addition, $26,000 is to be contributed by local interests. 8 Cost estimate revised as of 1954. Classified "inactive." 9 Local cooperation cannot be expected. to To be restudied. Cost estimate revised in 1954. 11All work now contemplated has been completed. 12In addition, $20,000 is to be contribute by local interests. 13In addition, $21,260.09 was expended from contributed funds. 14 No maintenance required at present. 15Deepening of shoal not required for present traffic. 16In addition, $183,256.52 was expended for previous projects. 17 In addition, $14,417.87 was expended for previous projects. 11. LIBBY DAM, KOOTENAI RIVER, MONT. Location. The Kootenai River rises in British Columbia, flows southerly about 40 miles into Montana and thence northwesterly across western Montana and the northeastern corner of Idaho to reenter British Colunibia, where it empties into Columbia River after passing through Kootenay Lake. Libby Dam will be located on the Kootenai River, 15 miles upstream from Libby, Montana, and 217.0 miles upstream from its confluence with the Columbia River. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet, "Thompson Lakes, Mont.") FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1571 Existing project. The project provides for a straight concrete gravity overflow flood control and power dam on Kootenai River about 400 feet high; for a powerhouse; and for a reservoir backing water into Canada with a usable storage capacity of 5,010,000 acre-feet. The initial power installation will consist of 6 units, each unit with a capacity of 100,000 kilowatts. Construction of the dam will depend on an order to be issued by the International Joint Commission. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $285,000,000 (6 units). The approved estimate for average annual operation and maintenance for a 50-year project life is $876,000 (6 units). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preliminary engineering studies were continued on final location of axis, and type and layout of dam. Flood control benefits on the Kootenai River in the United States were reviewed. Field work included exploration by drilling at mile 217.0. Costs were $54,475, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Preliminary engineering is about 26 percent complete. The general location of the dam has been fixed near Dunn Creek above the Fisher River. Discussions have been held with Great Northern Railway, United States Forest Service, Montana State Highway De- partment, J. Neils Lumber Company, and Zonolite Mine Company on relocation problems. The project as a whole is about 2 percent com- plete. Costs to June 30, 1955, have been $494,451, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated _$285, 000 $85, 500 $150, 000 -$19, 000 $501, 500 Cost__-- _..-.... ---- . -_ -- 98,466 243, 413 98,097 54,475 494,451 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ $7, 15, ------ 049 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956__________________________________ 22, 049 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------------_ 284, 483, 5(0 12. ALBENI FALLS RESERVOIR, PEND OREILLE RIVER, IDAHO Location. Pend Oreille River has its source in Pend Oreille Lake in northern Idaho, which receives most of its inflow from Clark Fork. The lake has an area of about 83,500 acres. Pend Oreille River leaves the lake near Sandpoint, Idaho, and flows westerly 25 miles to Albeni Falls, where the channel is divided by an island and the low water fall is about 7 feet. About 2 miles downstream from the falls, the stream enters the State of Washington, in which its course is northwesterly for 72 miles to the Canadian border. In Canada, Pend 1572 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Oreille River flows westerly for 16 miles and joins the Columbia River. Just downstream from this junction, Columbia River enters the United States, where it flows generally southward across Wash- ington and westerly along the Washington-Oregon line to the Pacific Ocean, a total distance of about 748 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheets "Sandpoint, Idaho," and "Newport, Wash.") Existing project. The project provides for a low concrete gravity dam at Albeni Falls on Pend Oreille River for power generation, flood control, and related water uses. The dam consists of a gated, open channel spillway in the left channel and a powerhouse having an installation of 42,600 kilowatts in the right channel, creating a reservoir with a usable storage capacity of 1,153,000 acre-feet. The dam site is 838 and 90 miles upstream from the mouths of Columbia and Pend Oreille Rivers, respectively, and is 50 miles northeast of Spokane, Wash. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $31,100,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $345,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 9, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and mainte- nance, hired labor: The reservoir was operated through its third annual cycle of storage and release during the year. The highest pool level attained was elevation 2062.59, approximately normal, on October 22, 1954; the lowest was elevation 2051.60 on April 18, 1955. Maximum storage used was 997,400 acre-feet. There was no flood surcharge during the year. The log chute was operated to pass 60 rafts, constituting 22,481 tons or 5,995,000 board feet of cut timber, through the dam for processing by mills downstream. Routine struc- tural, mechanical, and electrical maintenance was performed on the spillway dam and equipment, and on those features of the powerhouse that are completed and operating. Demobilization of construction forces and staffing for permanent operation and maintenance were nearly completed. Drift removal operations were conducted during spring high water with facilities installed at the mouth of Clark Fork. New work, hired labor: Planning was continued for protective and restoration works required by reservoir effects on railroads, highways, municipal, and utility properties. Engineering and design was es- sentially completed. Shop inspections of manufactured equipment and laboratory tests of construction materials were continued. Two of three generating units were completed and put in operation in March and May 1955. Acquisition of land rights for the reservoir was continued. New work, contract: Supply contracts were completed for main transformers, miscellaneous electrical equipment, and machine shop equipment; and were continued for hydraulic turbines, generators, and governors. Construction contracts were initiated and completed for drift control facilities and debris removal along the shores of FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1573 Pend Oreille Lake. Construction of the powerhouse and intake struc- ture was completed, and installation of powerhouse equipment is 97 percent complete. Acquisition of tools, equipment, materials, and spare parts for maintenance was essentially completed. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,536,617.79 for new work and $79,449.76 for maintenance, a total of $2,616,067.55. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was started in January 1951, and the project is about 98 percent com- plete. Engineering and design are about 99 percent complete. Con- struction of the spillway dam and powerhouse cofferdams was completed in June 1952. The project started operations in June 1952, impounding storage which was used to increase minimum flows through downstream powerplants during the extremely low water supply period of that fall. Construction of the powerhouse and in- take structure was started in March 1952 and completed in October 1954. Installation of powerhouse equipment was started in July 1953 and is about 97 percent complete, with 2 of the 3 generating units in commercial operation. Engineering and design of power- house operating equipment and machinery are complete. Evalua- tion of reservoir effects on vulnerable public and utility property is complete for most items and is continuing on the remainder. Nego- tiations with owning agencies are proceeding with a view to restoring or protecting the properties so far as legally required. Work remaining to be done to complete the project includes com- pletion of installation of the third and final generating unit, comple- tion of installation of powerhouse equipment; construction of minor site development features; and restoration or protection of reservoir properties so far as legally required. The costs to June 30, 1955, have been $29,412,035 for new work and $97,437 for maintenance, a total of $29,509,472. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ....... $2, 900, 000 $10, 000, 000 $6, 966, 000 $6, 840, 000 $3, 800, 000 $30, 506, 000 Cost-__-_------ ---- 1, 408, 715 6,384, 973 10, 916, 496 8,165, 233 2, 536, 618 29, 412, 036 Maintenance: Appropriated-- .........------------------------------------ 19, 900 78, 280 98, 180 Cost----------------- ------------------------ 17, 987 79, 450 97, 437 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $921, 945 ----------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 921,945 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_-________________________ _ 594, 000 13. STILLAGUAMISH RIVER, WASH. Location. Stillaguamish River is formed by the confluence of its north and south forks at Arlington, Wash., and flows westerly a dis- tance of 22 miles to Puget Sound, entering Port Susan through Hat 1574 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Slough and South Pass, and Skagit Bay through West Pass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6450, and U. S. Geologi- cal Survey quadrangles Stanwood, Marysville, and Stillaguamish, Wash.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for works to reduce bank erosion and channel changes on Stillaguamish River between Arlington and the head of Hat Slough, a distance of 15 miles, and on Cook Slough, 3 miles long, as follows: Revetment at 26 places on the river and Cook Slough; a concrete control weir 275 feet long between steel sheet pile piers at the head of Cook Slough to limit flow through the slough; and 2 cutoff channels, each about 900 feet long, to eliminate sharp bends in Cook Slough. Tidal influence extends about 3 miles into the improved section. Flood stages of 16 feet above low water at the Cook Slough weir have been observed. The actual cost for new work was $220,594. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 657, 71st Cong., 3d sess.). This document con- tains the latest published map of the locality. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Revetment repairs were completed under contract in September 1954 at a cost of $26,544; and a contract for additional repairs was awarded in June 1955. The cost of condition surveys was $2,432. Total costs were $28,976, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1939. Progressive deterioration of brush mat revetments necessi- tates annual repair at critical points. Other features are in good condition. The costs to June 30, 1955, have been $134,595 from regu- lar funds and $85,999 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $220,- 594, for new work; and $174,689 for maintenance, a total of $395,283. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated ._... .... . .---.. - - $220, 594 Cost---- -- ___ --- - ___ ---- - -- 220, 594 Maintenance: Appropriated ..------- - -$15, 000 $57, 000 $21, 266 $6, 900 180, 166 Cost -_--- $11, 126 11,334 20,265 34,113 28,976 174, 689 14. EAGLE GORGE RESERVOIR, GREEN RIVER, WASH. Location. Green River lies wholly in King County, Wash. From its source at the crest of the Cascade Mountains in the vicinity of Stampede Pass, the river flows westerly for 40 miles to Auburn, thence northerly 32 miles to its mouth in Elliott Bay, which forms the princi- FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1575 pal part of Seattle's salt-water harbor. Eagle Gorge dam site is on the upper Green River, 6 miles southeast of Kanaskat, Wash., and 1 mile downstream from the mouth of North Fork. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey topographic sheet, "Cedar Lake quadrangle, Wash.") Existing project. The project provides for a rockfill dam about 230 feet high, with a side channel spillway with a concrete weir at eleva- tion 1,206 feet above mean sea level, to create a reservoir with a capac- ity of 106,000 acre-feet. The length along the top of the dam is ap- proximately 700 feet; at the bottom, 100 feet. The improvement is designed to control flooding in the Green River Valley to prevent existing argicultural and urban flood damage, and to make possible further expansion of the Seattle industrial area. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $22,000,000, exclusive of $2,000,000 to be contributed by local interests. The approved estimate for average annual cost of maintenance and operation for a 50-year project life, is $80,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 271, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to contribute $2,000,000 in cash toward the cost of the project. The Washington State Legislature, by acts approved 1949, 1951, 1953, and 1955 appro- priated $1,500,000 for participation in the Eagle Gorge project, con- tingent upon the contribution by King County, Wash., of $500,000, authorization of the project by Congress, and appropriations of funds therefor. The King County Board of County Commissioners, by resolution dated March 7, 1949, agreed to furnish $500,000 as their contribution. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary engineering studies initiated in June 1952 were continued, and the project general design memorandum was completed. Final plans and specifications for railroad relocation were started, including design of major bridges by architect-engineer contract. Field work included final railroad location surveys, and foundation exploration of railroad alinement and damsite foundation. Costs were $282,934, all for new work. Conditionat end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Preliminary engineering is about 85 percent complete. Design mem- oranda have been completed on the following subjects: Hydroelectric power development, spillway design flood, location and type of dam, relocation of Northern Pacific Railway, protection of city of Tacoma water supply, relocation of Bonneville Power Administration trans- mission lines, the general design memorandum, segment A of the real estate design memorandum, and relocation of long-distance telephone lines. Plans and specifications are substantially complete on about one-third of the railway relocation, and the work can be advertised shortly after construction funds are received. Negotiations with the Northern Pacific Railway Company for the railroad relocation con- tract are also substantially complete. 1576 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The project as a whole is about 3 percent complete. Costs to June 30,1955, have been $620,824, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---- ------------ ------------ $216, 200 $127, 000 $308, 000 $651, 200 Cost------------ ------------------------ 185, 001 152, 889 282, 934 620, 824 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_...... $8, 102 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ 1, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956------------------------------------ 1, 008, 102 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------- 20, 348, 800 1 In addition, local interests are required to contribute $2,000,000. 15. TACOMA, PUYALLUP RIVER, WASH. Location. The Puyallup River has its source in the glaciers on the western slopes of Mount Rainier in the State of Washington, flows northwesterly 50 miles, and empties into Commencement Bay, an arm of Puget Sound, at Tacoma, Wash. The work covered by this project is on Puyallup River, within the city limits of Tacoma. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6407.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a channel with a capacity of 50,000 second-feet between the East 11th Street Bridge and the lower end of the intercounty improvement, a distance of about 2.2 miles, by straightening the channel, building levees, revet- ting the channel and levees, and making all necessary bridge changes. The 11th Street Bridge at the lower end of the project is 0.75 mile above the mouth of the Puyallup River. The diurnal tidal range at the mouth of the river is 11.8 feet and the extreme range is 20 feet. The improvement was planned in conjunction with Mud Mountain Dam and affords protection against floods about 50 percent greater than the maximum discharge of record. The actual cost for new work was $3,947,493. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See Senate committee print, "Puyallup River, Wash.," 74th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28,1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of condition studies was $1,030, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1950. Reconstruction of six bridges, channel improvement, and levee construction were completed in 1949. Placing of additional rip- rap was completed in May 1950. In May 1955, all features were in good condition, except for several minor revetment sloughs. FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1577 The costs to June 30, 1955, have been $3,947,493 for new work and $9,816 for maintenance, a total of $3,957,308. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---...--.....-- __ ...-- -$11,022 ......... -- $1,225 ......------------------- $3,947,493, Cost .---------------- -$3, 893 $1,064 987 ..------------------------ 3,947,493 Maintenance: .........------------ Appropriated------- 20,000 -13, 600 $2, 700 900 9, 815 ------ Cost-..... _ _------------- _1, 203 980 6, 602 1,030 9, 815 16. MUD MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER, WASH. Location. The White River rises on the northeastern slope of Mount Rainier, in the State of Washington, and flows in a general northwesterly direction for 57 miles to its confluence with the Puyal- lup River. The White River is the principal tributary of the Puyallup River and enters the latter 10 miles above its mouth in Puget Sound at Tacoma, Wash. The works covered by this project are on White River near Mud Mountain, 6 miles southeast of Enumclaw, Wash. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet "Cedar Lake quad- rangle, Washington.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a rockfill dam, 700 feet long at crest elevation and rising 425 feet above bedrock. The dam is located 28 miles above the con- fluence of the White and Puyallup Rivers and 38 miles above the mouth of the Puyallup River. The reservoir has a storage capacity of approximately 106,000 acre-feet. Outlet works are located in the right abutment and permit controlled discharge of 17,700 cubic feet per second through 2 concrete-lined tunnels, with uncontrolled dis- charge over a spillway having a maximum capacity of 139,000 cubic feet per second. The improvement affords flood protection to the White and Puyallup River Valleys and protects the Tacoma indus- trial district in conjunction with the authorized project at that locality against floods about 50 percent greater than the maximum discharge of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936. (See Senate committee print, "Puyallup River, Wash.," 74th Cong., 2d sess.) The actual cost for new work was $13,208,063.49. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $115,000. Local cooperation. None required. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28,1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance of the dam and appurtenances, gages, radio network, roads, buildings, grounds, and utilities were continued; and drift removal, fish haul, and miscellaneous studies were accomplished. Installation of six new piezometers in the right rim of the reservoir was com- menced. A total of 6,474 migratory fish was transported around the 1578 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 dam in tank trucks. There were no severe floods during the year, the highest pool level attained attributable to floods being elevation 1,054 in February 1955, equivalent to a head of 159 feet and a storage of 12,819 acre-feet. In June 1955, the pool was raised to elevation 1,082 to facilitate debris-removal operations and studies by the State De- partment of Fisheries of the downstream migration of fingerling salmon. Costs for the fiscal year were $75,933, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in June 1953. The costs to June 30, 1955, have been $13,182,063 from regular funds and $26,000 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $13,208,063, for new work; and $998,858 for maintenance, a combined total of $14,206,922. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated .....--. $191, 700 -$5, 103 -$9, 473 __ $13, 208, 063 Cost ________________.. . 301, 259 $341, 933 190, 721 406 _13, 208, 063 Maintenance: Appropriated .-. _.- 63, 000 85, 000 80, 000 87, 500 $82, 700 1, 007, 080 Cost_ 72, 236 80, 687 73, 295 102, 180 75, 933 998, 858 17. PRIEST RAPIDS DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, WASH. Location. Columbia River rises in Columbia Lake, British Colum- bia, at elevation 2,650, flows northwesterly for nearly 200 miles, then southerly through Upper and Lower Arrow Lakes to enter the United States near the northeast corner of the State of Washington. From the international boundary, the river flows south 112 miles to a point downstream from the mouth of Spokane River, then west 100 miles to the mouth of Okanogan River, passing Grand Coulee Dam and Chief Joseph Dam site en route. Swinging south, the river follows the eastern foothills of the Cascade Mountains for 209 miles to its confluence with Snake River. A few miles below the Snake, it turns sharply westward and flows for 324 miles, forming the Washington- Oregon boundary, to the Pacific Ocean. The works covered by this project will be on the Columbia River at mile 397, about 28 miles east of Yakima, Washington. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet, "Priest Rapids.") Existing project. The project provides for a combination concrete dam and earthfill embankment directly across the Columbia River, with a crest length of 13,500 feet at elevation 600 feet above mean sea level; for a power pool elevation of 550 feet; a flood-control pool elevation of 590 feet with 2,100,000 acre-feet of storage for the control of extraordinary floods. The project provides for a powerhouse with an initial installation of 1,219,000 kilowatts and an ultimate capacity of 1,590,000 kilowatts; and for future navigation locks. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $371,000,000 (23 units and initial lock construction). The latest approved estimate for FLOOD CONTROL--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1579 average annual cost of operation and maintenance for a 50-year projj- ect life is $2,723,000 (23 units). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doe. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) The project authorization was modified on July 27, 1954 (see Pub- lic Law 544, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) to permit development of the Priest Rapids site, or any other site in connection therewith, by local agen- cies. Section 3 of Public Law 544 specifies that the Department of the Army shall review any plans submitted to the Federal Power Commission on Priest Rapids project, and make recommendations with respect to such plans with particular regard to flood control and navigation. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. On October 20, 1954, the Federal Power Commission issued to Grant County public utility district No. 2 a preliminary study permit for development of the site. In accordance with terms of Public Law 544, planning studies lead- ing to the preparation of an application for a license for the Priest Rapids project were coordinated through monthly meetings between the Corps of Engineers and the technical and engineering staffs of the Grant County public utility district and their consultants. Spe- cial studies on flood control, navigation, and defense aspects of the project were made by the Corps of Engineers. Costs were $111,538.- 13, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. On June 27, 1955, the Grant County public utility district ap- plied to the Federal Power Commission for a license to construct two dams to develop the Priest Rapids site on the Columbia River. The first dam, a $161,000,000 project at Priest Rapids, would have an initial installed capacity of 600,000 kilowatts. A second dam, the $188,000,000 Wanapum project upstream, would have an initial ca- pacity of 560,000 kilowatts. The application of the public utility district is now pending before the Federal Power Commission. Costs, to June 30, 1955, have been $111,538.13, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated---------------------- ------------------------ $350,000 $350,000 .. Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ 111, 538 111, 538 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-..... $237, 181 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------- 237, 181 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _----------------------- 1 371, 000, 000 1 Not including $350,000 appropriated for partnership project studies. 1580 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 18. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Columbia River Basin, local protection proj- ects---- ------------------------------ 2- - - -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- - 1953 _-_-_ -- -2(1) 2. Skagit River, Wash. . 1938 - $8, 320, 000 3. Coeur d'Alene, Spokane River, 5Idaho.--------- 1942 $152, 872.16--------- (4) 4. Spokane, Spokane River, Wash. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5. St. Maries, St. Joe River, Idaho 1939 1942 2, 944. 45 357, 697. 93 - - -------------- 77, 756 (4) 6. Upper Puyallup River, Wash 8 _ 1938 _____--------------- (7) 7. Raymond, Willapa River, Wash. -- 1950 23, 742. 60 _ _ 287, 257 8. Yakima, Yakima River, Wash--------------- 1948 381, 000. 00 -------------- (4) 9. Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 2 of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 28, 1937, as amended_ ------------------------- 1952 126, 032. 25 -------------- (9) 1The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, approved a general comprehensive plan for the Columbia River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess., and author- ized the sum of $75,000,000 to be appropriated for the partial accomplishment of certain projects. Of this authorization, an amount not to exceed $15,000,000 was authorized for the construction of local flood protec- tion works throughout the Columbia River Basin, subject to the conditions that all work undertaken pursuant to this authority shall be economically justified prior to construction, and local cooperation specified in the 1936 Flood Control Act, as amended, shall be required. 2 Awaiting local cooperation. 8 Cost estimate revised as of 1954. Project classified as "inactive." 4 Completed and transferred to local interests for maintenance. 5 Project indefinitely deferred because of unsatisfactory foundation conditions. 6 Cost estimate revised as of 1954. Project classified as "inactive." In addition, local interests' costs are estimated to be $13,200. 7 The work has been completed as a Works Progress Administration project, at no cost to the Corps of Engineers. 8Work deferred as not essential to the defense program. Completion of design for care of interior drainage awaits formulation of plans by city of Raymond for sewage handling facilities. 9 All work now contemplated has been completed. 19. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Annual inspections are made of local flood protection projects, and agencies responsible for their operation and maintenance are advised of any needed repairs. During fiscal year 1955, inspections were made of works on the Nooksack, Skagit, Stillaguamish, Puyallup, Entiat, Methow, Okanogan, Wenatchee, Yakima, Naches, Spokane, St. Joe, Kootenai, Clark Fork, and Flathead Rivers, and on Lake Coeur d'Alene. The costs were $3,233, all for maintenance. Costs to date have been $11,867, all for maintenance. Cost and flnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated-.-----_.. $3, 500 ----------- $3, 600 $1, 534 $3, 000 $11,818 Cost------------------ 1, 270 $2, 230 2, 263 2, 871 3, 233 11,867 20. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank protection works (sec. 14 of Public Law 526, 79th Cong.). Funds were allotted during fiscal year 1955 for work as follows: Bradley Channel area, Flathead River, Mont.: $13,000 (Nov. 18, 1954), and $20,000 (May 12, 1955). FLOOD CONTROL--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1581 Total allotments to June 30, 1955 amounted to $462,040, Federal funds, for new work, and $50,000 for maintenance. In addition, local interests have contributed $29,638 for new work. Operations during the fiscal year included: Bradley Channel area, Flathead River, Mont.: Costs were $2,292 for preliminary engineering work on project providing for bank pro- tection works in the vicinity of Kalispell. Total costs during the fiscal year, all for new work, amounted to $2,292. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $431,332 for new work, and $50,000 for maintenance, a total of $481,332, Federal funds; and $29,638 for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated-.-..... $34, 165 $46, 230 -$28, 555 ---- - -......... $33, 000 $462, 040 Cost----------- ------ 51,587 64, 512 249 -- - 2, 292 431, 332 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- ------------------------- --- - ----- -------- ------ 50, 000 Cost---------------------------------------------------------------- 50,000 1 In addition, total funds contributed to date have been $29,637.65, all for new work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------- $30, 639 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------------------- 30, 639 Flood control emergencies-repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). Funds were allotted during fiscal year 1955 for work as follows: Emergency levee repair work, Kootenai Flats location, Kootenai River, Idaho, $377,000 (Sept. 13, 1954). Skykomish River at Skykomish, Wash., $5,000 (Dec. 17, 1954). Funds in the amount of $5,000, contributed by the State of Wash- ington and the town of Skykomish, were allotted December 17, 1954. Funds were revoked during fiscal year 1955 as follows: Columbia Basin flood fighting, Washington, $2,633 (Jan. 6, 1955). Emergency levee repair work, Kootenai Flats location, Kootenai River, Idaho, $100,000 (Mar. 18, 1955), and $40,000 (June 16, 1955). Kootenai Flats area, district No. 4, Kootenai River, Idaho, $27,024 (Nov. 4, 1954) . Kootenai River Flats area, Idaho, $1,251 (Jan. 6, 1955). Kootenai River, vicinity of Bonners Ferry, Idaho, $30,638 (Mar. 18, 1955). Murphy levee along Pend Oreille River near Cusick, Wash., $7,318. (Jan. 6, 1955). Skagit River Flats, Wash., $7,189 (Jan. 6, 1955). Total allotments during the fiscal year amounted to $165,947. 1582 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Total allotments to June 30, 1955, have been $5,152,529 Federal funds, all for maintenance. Funds contributed to June 30, 1955, have been $116,969. Operations during the fiscal year included: Kootenai Flats area, district No. 4, Kootenai River, Idaho: Final costs were $796. Kootenai River, vicinity of Bonners Ferry, Idaho: Costs were $41,402 for emergency flood-fighting activities. Emergency levee repair work, Kootenai Flats location, Kootenai River, Idaho: Costs were $227,097 for rehabilitation of levees, by contract, October 1954 to January 1955. Emergency flood control work, various locations: Costs were $6,540. Skykomish River at Skykomish, Wash.: Costs were $4,807 for rehabilitation of levees by contract, April and May 1955. In addi- tion, there were costs of $4,806 from contributed funds. Yakima River, Yakima, Wash.: Final costs were $673. Total costs during the fiscal year, all for maintenance, amounted to $281,314 for Federal funds and $4,806 contributed funds, a total of $286,121. Total costs to June 30, 1955, all for maintenance, have been $5,137,- 092 Federal funds and $116,775 contributed funds, a total of $5,253,866. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 Maintenance: Appropriated _.-___ $719, 814 $91, 705 -$13, 030 $185, 554 $165, 947 $5, 152, 529 Cost---------------- 681. 212 162, 492 42,251 93, 655 281, 314 5,137, 091 1 In addition, $116,775 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Contributed--.....-- -- $121, 745 -$40, 506 $20, 500 -$7, 121 $5, 000 $116, 968 74, 020 Cost-......--------....---........ 13, 155 13, 000 1, 379 4, 806 116, 775 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). In addition to funds in the amount of $11,440 previously allotted, funds were allotted during fiscal year 1955 as follows: Mission Creek at Cashmere, Wash., $116,500 (October 20, 1954), and $28,590 (Feb. 21, 1955). Funds were revoked during fiscal year as follows: Mission Creek at Cashmere, Wash., $139,144 (May 17, 1955). FLOOD CONTROL---SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1583 Total allotments to June 30, 1955, have been $17,386. Operations during the fiscal year included: Mission Creek at Cashmere, Wash.: Project design was completed. On April 4, 1955, local interests requested cancellation of the project because of inability to obtain rights-of-way. On May 25, the mayor of the town of Cashmere was advised that the project is indefinitely deferred. Costs were $5,946. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $17,386, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Aupropriated - $5, 000 $2, 500 $3, 350 $590 $5, 946 $17, 386 Cost_ ------ 438 5, 303 5, 065 634 5, 946 17, 386 21. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Funds in the amount of $20,900 were allotted during the fiscal year,. Costs and expenditures for work accomplished during the year amounted to $24,064, of which $20,588 was for examinations and sur- veys, and $3,476 was for collection and study of basic data. The balance unexpended June 30, 1955, $2,077, and an anticipated allotment for fiscal year 1956 of $283,800, a total of $285,877, will be applied as needed during fiscal year 1956 to payment of expenses to be incurred under this heading. 22. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The work programmed for the collection and study of basic data consists of storm studies, sediment studies, hydrologic studies, flood investigations, and international waters studies. Costs of these studies were $3,476, leaving a balance of $922 which will be applied to studies planned for fiscal year 1956. 363037-55-vol. 2- 100 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WALLA WALLA, WASHINGTON DISTRICT This district comprises southeastern Washington, exclusive of the watershed of the Columbia River and tributaries above and including the Yakima River, Wash.; all of Idaho, except the northern part and a small southeastern portion. a portion of western Wyoming; a small part of northwestern Utah; part of northeastern Nevada; and a part of eastern Oregon. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Snake River, Oreg., Wash., 10. Colfax, Palouse River, Wash. 1595 and Idaho-_____------ 1585 11. Milton-Freewater, Walla 2. McNary lock and dam, Walla River, Oreg ...... 1596 Columbia River, Oreg ..- 1587 12. Mill Creek, Wash_ 1597 3. Other authorized navigation projects---------------- 1589 13. Pendleton, Umatilla River, Oreg _ 1598 Flood control 14. Other authorized flood con- trol projects__________ 1599 4. Columbia River Basin, local 1590 15. Inspection of completed flood flood protection projects_ 5. Jackson Hole, Snake River, control works _ - 1600 Wyo--------------- 1591 16. Flood control work under 6. Heise-Roberts area, Snake special authorization . . 1600 River, Idaho_ _--_ -- 1592 17. Scheduling of flood control 7. Portneuf River and Marsh operations-------------- 1602 Creek, Columbia River Basin, Idaho__ _- 15933 8. Lucky Peak Reservoir, Boise General investigations River, Idaho- 1593i 9. Grande Ronde Valley, 18. Examinations and surveys__ 1603 Columbia River Basin, 19. Collection and study of basic Oreg------------------ 1595 data_------------------- 1603 1. SNAKE RIVER, OREG., WASH., AND IDAHO Location. The Snake River, which is the largest tributary of Co- lumbia River, rises in Yellowstone National Park, in the western part of Wyoming, flows in a general westerly direction for about 1,000 miles and empties into Columbia River near Pasco, Wash., 324 miles from the Pacific Ocean. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Ore- gon, Washington, and Idaho.) Previous projects. No formal project for the improvement of Snake River was adopted by Congress prior to the act of June 13, 1902. Subsequent projects were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910 and August 30, 1935. For further de- tails see page 1991 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1849 of Annual Report for 1938 and page 2676 of Annual Report for 1948. 1585 1586 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Existing project. This provides for the construction of such dams as are necessary and open-channel improvement for purposes of pro- viding slack water navigation and irrigation between the mouth of Snake River and Lewiston, Idaho. The pool formed by McNary Dam will provide slack water from the mouth of Snake River to mile 9.7. For maintenance purposes the project also provides for any nec- essary work on the River between Lewiston and Johnson's Bar, Idaho, as authorized under previous projects. No channel dimensions are specified above Lewiston. A system of four dams between the mouth of Snake River and Lewiston has been approved. The estimated total cost, revised in 1955 including the installation of three power units at each dam is as follows: Dam 1, Ice Harbor, river mile 9.7-__- $135, 000, 000 Dam 2, Lower Monumental, river mile 44.7---------------------123, 000, 000 Dam, 3, Little Goose, river mile 72.2------------------------ 139, 000, 000 Dam 4, Lower Granite, river mile 113.1---------------------- 116, 000, 000 Total ------------------------------------------------ 513, 000, 000 The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 704, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. No conditions were imposed by law. Terminal facilities. From the mouth of Snake River to Riparia, 67 miles, there are no wharves or warehouses on the riverbanks. From Riparia to Lewiston, Idaho, 73 miles, there are no wharves, but there are public and privately owned warehouses and grain elevators lo- cated at Panawawa, mile 91.5, Lewiston, mile 140, Asotin, mile 146 and between Asotin and 11 miles above. Just above Lewiston, mile 140.5, there is a privately owned 40- by 60-foot wharf. On the left bank between Riparia and Lewiston there are several wheat ware- houses formerly used for storage of wheat to be transferred to the railroad on the right bank. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Limited pre- liminary design and cost estimate studies of project features for Ice Harbor as presented in design memorandum No. 1, general plan and detailed cost estimate, were continued in accordance with recommen- dations contained in Office, Chief of Engineers approval of this re- port, dated March 25, 1953. This work is approximately 85 percent complete and will be incorporated in a supplement to the design memorandum when complete. Maintenance: Surveys were initiated during the fiscal year in con- nection with the establishment of navigation aids. Total costs during the fiscal year were $40,565 for new work and $3,364 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been initiated at any of the four dam sites. Engineering and design of Ice Harbor Dam is approximately 21 percent complete. Hydraulic design and model studies have been initiated. Plans and specifications for the first step cofferdam are 75 percent complete. Engineering and de- sign studies for dams 2, 3, and 4 are in a preliminary stage only. Pre- liminary plans on real estate, flowage, and relocations covering the four dams have been completed and submitted to higher authority. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1587 Total costs under the' existing project have been as follows: Description of work New work Maintenance Ice Harbor Dam--pro rata site selection __ $175, 666 - - Ice Harbor Dam-advance engineering _ 896, 402 Little Goose Dam-pro rata site selection ... - 140, 000 Lower Granite Dam-pro rata site selection - 135, 000 Lower Monumental Dam-pro rata site selection 136, 834 - Lower Monumental Dam-advance engineering_ 8 43, 166 - Maintenance of channel between Lewiston and Johnson s Bar_ $9, 825 Surveys for navigation aids------ ------- 3, 364 Total costs_ 1, 527, 068 13, 189 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 2 New work: Appropriated--..... $87, 611 -$240, 438 $140, 000 $50, 000 ............ $1, 971, 936 Cost- 34, 895 93 131, 152 9, 778 $40, 565 1, 961, 831 Maintenance: Appropriated ---- _ 5, 000 -5, 000 ... ............ 3, 000 217, 947 Cost_ 235 336 433 _---------- 3, 364 217, 917 1 Includes $434,763 for new work and $204.728 for maintenance on previous projects. 2 In addition $85,000 for new work was expended on previous projects from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1'55 ___ $8, 516 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1l56__ 1, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_- _ _- _ __ _ _ ____ _-- 1, 008, 516 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- _ _______ 510, 472, 932 2. McNARY LOCK AND DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, OREG. Location. The site of this project is on the Columbia River, 292 miles above the mouth, near Umatilla, Oreg., and 3 miles above the mouth of the Umatilla River. Existing project. This project includes a dam, powerplant, navi- gation lock and appurtenant facilities for purposes of navigation, power development, and incidental irrigation. The proposed im- provement provides principally for the improvement of navigation, creation of a pool extending approximately 64 miles upstream to a point about 27 miles above Pasco, Wash. The dam, which will raise the normal water surface approximately 85 feet to elevation 340 mean sea level, will be approximately 7,300 feet long and will consist of an earth dam at the Oregon (south) abutment, a power- house, a spillway dam, a navigation lock, and an earth dam at the Washington (north) abutment. Suitable facilities for migrating fish, including fish ladders, will be provided. The powerhouse installation will comprise 14 units of 70,000 kilo- watts each, making a total installed capacity of 980,000 kilowatts. The spillway dam will be 1,310 feet long and will be located in the north channel of the river. The overflow crest at 291 feet above sea level will be surmounted by 22 spillway gates capable of releasing 1588 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the design flood of 2,200,000 cubic feet per second. The deck will be at elevation 361 and will provide a service roadway and tracks for the operation of two gantry cranes. The navigation lock will be a single lift type and will operate at all flows less than 800,000 cubic feet per second. The pool created by the spillway dam will provide navigable channel with depths of 12 feet and over, between McNary Dam and the confluence of the Yakima River, a distance of approximately 48 miles. A controlling depth of 9 feet will be provided on Snake River from its mouth to a point approximately 10.2 miles above. All structures will be founded on a massive basalt flow that reaches a maximum thickness of 130 feet and directly overlies a sedimentary interbed. The principal data concerning the navigation lock and spillway dam are shown in the following table: Navigation lock Type-------------------------------Single lift. Dimensions: Net clear width of chamber------,_ 86 feet. Net clear length-------------------675 feet. Lift (vertical): At extreme low water and normal pool_ 92 feet. At mean annual flow (190,000 cubic feet per second)--------------------- 84.4 feet. At average maximum flow (550,000 cubic feet per second) --- 72.3 feet. Depth over miter sill at adopted low water (43,000 cubic feet per second) 12 feet. Depth over upper sill at normal pool (eleva- tion 340)--------------------------20 feet. Character of foundation_ Basalt flow. Spillway dam Overall length of spillway dam section ____ 1,310 feet. Type of construction oncrete gravity. C---------------- Elevation spillway crest 291 feet above mean sea level. Elevation deck-----------------------361 feet above mean sea level. Height, maximum (foundation to deck)- 158 feet. Type of control-------------------_ Fixed wheel segmental lift gates. Number of gates ---------------------- 22. Size of gates-------------------------50 by 53 feet. Stilling basin type Concrete apron with baffles. Normal pool elevation---------------_ 340 feet above mean sea level. Maximum pool elevation_-------------- 356.5 feet above mean sea level. Maximum spillway capacity at normal pool elevation -------------------------- 1,480,000 cubic feet per second. Maximum spillway capacity at maximum pool elevation----------------------2,200,000 cubic feet per second. The estimated cost of the dam, navigation lock, 14-power unit generating installation, fishways, and attendant buildings and grounds, revised in 1955, is $286,000,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 704, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) RIVERS AND HARBORS--WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1589 Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Placing concrete in the entire structure is complete, except embedding of turbine parts for unit No. 14. Installation of operating equipment for the navigation lock, dam, fish passage facilities and pumping plants is essentially complete, and work is in progress in installation of powerplant equipment. Maintenance: The project was operated throughout the fiscal year. Four additional power units were placed in commercial operation on the following dates: October 4, 1954, January 15, 1955, March 14, 1955, and May 15, 1955. Total costs during the fiscal year were $24,832,644 for new work and $964,119 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of existing project which was started on May 5, 1947, is now approximately 95 percent complete. The navigation lock, dam, fish facilities, powerhouse struc- ture, levees, pumping plants, and relocations are essentially complete. Eight of the fourteen power units are complete. The project was placed on a permanent operation basis on December 1, 1953. The pool was raised to elevation 340 on December 6, 1953. Eight power units were in commercial operation at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs have been $271,183,829 for new work and $1,432,265 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ._-_... $39, 610, 000 $42, 900, 000 $62, 604, 000 $26, 350, 000 $24, 000, 000 $268,039,000 Cost._----------- 40,305,923 55,813,617 50,696,511 41,157,966 24,832,644 271,183,829 Maintenance: Appropriated- ------------------------------------ 479, 000 955,800 1, 434,800 Cost.............------- --- .... ---------------------------------- 468,146 964, 119 1, 432, 265 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -- - $3, 381, 222 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _ 11, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_--------- -------------- ______ 7, 618, 778 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------- 6, 961, 000 3. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and main- complete tenance Umatilla Harbor...........................---------------------------- 1952 ---------------------------- $612, 000 1No funds appropriated for work. Inactive. 1590 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 4. COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, LOCAL FLOOD PROTECTION PROJECTS Location. The improvements included in this project are located along the Columbia River and its tributaries. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, approved a general comprehensive plan for the Columbia River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session, and authorized the sum of $75,000,000 to be appropriated for the partial accomplishment of certain projects. Of this authorization, an amount not to exceed $15,000,000 was author- ized for the construction of local flood protection works throughout the Columbia River Basin, subject to the conditions that all work undertaken pursuant to this authority shall be economically justified prior to construction, and local cooperation specified in the 1936 Flood Control Act, as amended, shall be required. Protection to the follow- ing areas, located in the Walla Walla district, is being considered under this latter authorization: Status June 30, 1955 Project Federal cost Appropriated Cost 1 Grande Ronde Valley, Oreg.' _ _ $4, 930, 000 $34, 000 $33, 295 Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho 1-_ 1, 270, 000 45, 000 31, 787 Umatilla River, Oreg - -1, 180, 000 .------------ - ------------ Touchet River, Wash- - -- 524, 000 2, 500 819 Heise-Roberts extension, Idaho __ 4, 930, 000 Boise Valley, Idaho. 5, 900, 000 Lower Walla Walla River, Wash___ 396, 000 4,000 3,241 Blackfoot area, Snake River, Idaho _ - 79, 000 Blackfoot River, Idaho ---------------------------------- 480, 000 _- - Shelley area, Idaho_-- 55, 000 Little Wood River, Idaho_ -- 198, 000 Kendrick, Potlatch River, Idaho_ 81, 000 4,000 2,313 Mill Creek, Wash. (not justified) _ 3, 700 3,537 Payette Valley, Idaho_ - ------------ 1, 180, 000 - Teton River, Idaho (not justified) _ - 15,000 10,387 Malheur River, Oreg_ 460,000 5,000 185 South fork, Clearwater River, Idaho------------------------ 109, 000 - Palouse River, Wash_ -- 549, 000 ....-..............--....... Mud Lake area, Idaho_- 720, 000 . -- - W eiser River, Idaho ------------------ .-. ------------ 840, 000 16, 000 7, 561 Whitebird Creek, Idaho__ ---------- 68, 000 Camas Creek, Idaho----------733, 000 ..... .... 000............ 1 The economic justification of work proposed for this area has been established in compliance with con- ditions set forth in the Flood Control Act of 1950. Reported in detail in an individual report. Note. This list does not include improvements in Portland and Seattle districts. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies to all the flood control projects. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifications were continued on the Portneuf River and Marsh Creek location, Idaho. Design memorandum on upstream storage investigation and general design memorandum were initiated on the Grande Ronde Valley, Oreg. Justification reports were continued on the Weiser River, Idaho, and lower Walla Walla River, Wash. Justification re- ports were completed on Teton River, Idaho, and Mill Creek, Wash. Justification reports were initiated on Kendrick, Potlatch River, Idaho, Malheur River, Oreg., and Touchet River, Wash. Total costs for the fiscal year were $55,773. Condition at end of fiscal year. Plans and specifications for the Pocatello unit of the Portneuf River and Marsh Creek location, FLOOD CONTROL---WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1591 Idaho, are 52 percent complete. Upstream storage investigation re- port is complete and general design memorandum for Grande Ronde Valley, Oreg., is 35 percent complete. Justification reports for Teton River, Idaho, and Mill Creek, Wash., are complete, and local flood protection at these locations is not economically justified. Justifica- tion reports are in progress on the following: Kendrick, Potlatch River, Idaho; Weiser River, Idaho; Malheur River, Oreg.; Touchet River, Wash., and lower Walla Walla River, Wash. Total costs have been $93,125. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated-.........- $60, 000 $69, 200 $129, 200 Cost-_ _ -_ - -- - 37, 352 55, 773 93, 125 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955___ $33, 718 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-.... 1 561, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -___ - 594, 718 1 Does not include amounts appropriated for improvements in Portland district as follows: Prineville, Crooked River, Oreg ........................... _ _---. $4, 000 Randle, Cowlitz River, Wash_______ 3, 000 Total -------- - ---------- ...-------------------. 7, 000 5. JACKSON HOLE, SNAKE RIVER, WYO. Location. This project is located on both banks of the Snake River in the vicinity of Wilson, Wyo. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a levee with full riprap protection on the right bank, extending from a knoll at the Circle H Ranch, which is approximately 9.2 miles upstream from the Jackson-Wilson Highway Bridge, to a point approximately 2.5 miles below the same bridge, a total length of 11.7 miles; also a levee with full riprap protection along the left bank, extending ap- proximately 0.9 of a mile immediately upstream from the Jackson- Wilson Highway Bridge. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (Public Law 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost revised in 1955 is $2,130,000 for construction. The costs of rights-of-way are to be paid by local interests. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. General design memo- randum was initiated. Total costs during the fiscal year were $52,386. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. General design memorandum is 97 percent complete. Total costs have been $52,386. 1592 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated_ - - 000 $53, $53, 000 Cost______ --- - 52,386 52,386 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------- $614 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---. 55, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __________________ ______ 55, 614 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_____________-_____--_---------- 2,022, 000 6. HEISE-ROBERTS AREA, SNAKE RIVER, IDAHO Location. This project is located on both banks of the Snake River between the towns of Heise and Roberts in eastern portion of Idaho, approximately 20 miles northeast of Idaho Falls, Idaho. Existing project. This provides for channel improvement of the Snake River at selected points between Heise and Roberts, Idaho, by channel clearing, alinement changes, levee construction, and bank pro- tection works. This work is a part of a multipurpose project on the Snake River, Idaho, which also includes the construction of the Pali- sades Dam by the Bureau of Reclamation for operation in the com- bined interest of flood control, irrigation, and power. The existing project was authorized by Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 452, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The estimate of cost, revised in 1955 is $1,575,838 for construction. The cost of lands and damages is to be paid by local interests. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation have been furnished. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Special report on project adequacy is complete. Total costs for the fiscal year were $358. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project as described in definite project report entitled "Heise-Roberts and Weiser Areas, Snake River, Idaho" dated January 29, 1948, is 100 percent complete. Total costs have been $1,575,838. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: ___ Appropriated---- $9, 000 $78, 000 -$1, 095---------- -$66 $1, 575, 838 Cost-----------------.. 177, 416 54, 468 32, 384 $4, 821 358 1, 575, 838 FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1593 7. PORTNEUF RIVER AND MARSH CREEK, COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, IDAHO Location. This project is located at three areas along the Portneuf River and along the entire length of its main tributary, Marsh Creek, all in southeastern Idaho. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for channel straightening and improvement, removal of obstructions and construc- tion of new levees and revetments or improvements to existing levees in the Blackrock area, in and adjacent to the city of Pocatello, Idaho, and in the vicinity of Inkom, Idaho, all of the Portneuf River, and channel improvement along the entire length of Marsh Creek. The existing project was authorized under the Columbia River Basin plan by the Flood Control Act approved May 17 1950 (Public Law 516, 81st Cong. 2d sess.), subject to economic justification. Justifica- tion was provided by a survey report completed in fiscal year 1953. The estimated cost revised in 1955 is $1,270,000 for construction. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifications were continued during the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year were $14,021. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Plans and specifications for the Pocatello unit of the project are 52 percent complete. Total costs have been $31,787. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated . _ .- - - - -- $20, 000 $19, 000 $39, 000 Cost .. - - - - - 17,766 14,021 31,787 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ___--- $6, 900 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------------- 506, 900 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project------------------------------- 731, 000 8. LUCKY PEAK RESERVOIR, BOISE RIVER, IDAHO Location. On the Boise River in southwestern Idaho approxi- mately 9 miles southeast of the city of Boise, and approximately 12 miles downstream from Arrowrock Reservoir. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for construc- tion of a rolled earthfill dam approximately 250 feet high and 1,700 feet long at the crest, with a reservoir providing a total storage, at normal pool level, of 306,000 acre-feet. The ungated ogee type spill- way with unlined channel will be located on the left abutment and will be designed to pass 93,000 cubic feet per second at maximum pool. 1594 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The outlet works are to be located on the left abutment and consists of a tunnel controlled by Howell-Bunger valves. The plan contemplates the joint use of storage in Lucky Peak, Arrowrock, and Anderson Ranch Reservoirs. Operations of the dam as a flood control facility will be by the Department of the Army under the direction of the Secretary of the Army with the understand- ing that complete or partial joint use of the storage in the three reservoirs may be undertaken at such time as may be agreed upon by the Secretary of the Army, Secretary of the Interior, and local inter- ests concerned with flood control and use of irrigation water. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. The latest (1955) approved estimate project cost is $19,900,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Construc- tion of the dam and spillway structures was essentially completed dur- ing the year with only minor adjustments to be accomplished. Con- tract for a portion of highway embankment stabilization was awarded and completed. Maintenance: The pool was raised to approximate normal pool level on June 25, 1955. The project was placed on a permanent operating basis on March 19, 1955. Total costs during the fiscal year were $1,621,116 for new work and $9,668 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project, which was initiated in November 1949, is now 89 percent complete. Dam and spillway are essentially complete; relocated Highway 21 is open to traffic with surfacing deferred pending stabilization of em- bankment. Arrowrock Road and Robie Creek Roads are complete, except stabilization. Work being accomplished by the Bureau of Reclamation on Arrowrock Dam is complete. Total costs have been $17,656,701 for new work and $9,668 for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated _- - $2, 400, 000 $3, 800, 000 $4, 975, 000 $1, 500, 000 $1, 750, 000 $18, 205, 000 Cost 3, 499, 736 2, 784, 969 4, 482, 800 3, 670, 796 1,621, 116 17, 656, 701 Maintenance: Appropriated . _ _----- 9, 760 9, 760 Cost --- - ---- --- 9.- 668 9, 668 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ _ $495, 630 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ ------------------------------- - 995, 630 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------------__ -1, 195, 000 FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1595 9. GRANDE RONDE VALLEY, COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. This project is located along Grande Ronde River; Catherine, Willow and Ladd Creeks, and lower reaches of several small tributaries, all in the eastern part of Oregon. Existing project. This project provides for channel improvement and construction of levees on both banks of Grande Ronde River be- *tween LaGrande and Elgin; on Catherine Creek through Union down- stream, including the old channel of Grande Ronde River; on Willow and Lacd Creeks; and on the lower reaches of several small tributaries. The existing project was authorized under the Columbia River Basin Plan by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (Public Law 516, 81st Congress, 2d sess.) subject to economic justification. The economic justification of this work was established in 1951. The estimated cost revised in 1955 is $4,930,000 for construction. The costs of rights-of-way and highway and utility revisions will be paid by local interests. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. In addition to the usual require- ments local interests are required to accomplish, at their own expense, any highway and utility revision. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Upstream storage inves- tigation was completed and submitted on April 29, 1955. Surveys and studies in connection with general design memorandum were con- tinued. Total costs during the fiscal year were $32,328. Condition at end of fiscal year. General design memorandum is 35 percent complete. Total costs have been $33.295. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- .........---. $10, 000 $30, 000 $40, 000 Cost . ._. . 967 32,328 33., 295 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_- $5, 428 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- 55, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ ____-_____________ 60, 428 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- -_ pletion of existing project______________________-_---- 4, 835. 000 10. COLFAX, PALOUSE RIVER, WASH. Location. This project is located on the Palouse River and the south fork of the Palouse River at and adjacent to their confluence and on Spring Flat Creek in eastern Washington. Existing project. This provides for flood control works in the vicinity of and through Colfax, Wash., by channel enlargement 1596 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and modification, levees, floodwalls, and revetments. The estimated cost revised in 1955, is $2,620,000 for construction. The cost of lands and damages is to be paid by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 888, 77th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. In addition to the usual re- quirements, local interests are required to accomplish at their ownl expense the street, railroad, and bridge modifications necessary for the construction of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Definite project report was returned for additional studies, the scope of revision contingent upon studies contained in letter report submitted on May 20, 1955. Total costs for the fiscal year were $7,319. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Scope of revisions to the definite project report has not been determined. Total costs have been $81,170. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated--------- -$6, 000 -$149 ....... .- _- $7, 000 $80, 851 Cost_----------------- 14,267 -2 . _ 7, 319 81, 170 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- -$319 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 40, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------- 39, 681 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-------------------------- 2, 499, 149 11. MILTON-FREEWATER, WALLA WALLA RIVER, OREG. Location. On both banks of the Walla Walla River between Joe West and McCoy Bridges in the vicinity of Freewater and Milton, Oreg., 8 miles south of Walla Walla, Wash. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel rectification and improvement of approximately 7 miles of Walla Walla River in the vicinity of the towns of Milton and Freewater, Oreg. The lower 5.3 miles, between McCoy Bridge and the Milton powerplant, will be protected by levees with necessary revetment and channel improvement designed for a flood of 18,600 cubic feet per second. The upper 1.7 miles, extending from the Milton powerplant upstream to Joe West Bridge, will be improved by some channel clearing and rectification. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, House Document 719, 76th Congress, 3d session. The latest (1953) approved estimate of cost is $890,000 for construction, and $59,600 for lands and damages to be paid by local interests. The project will provide protection for the towns of Milton and Freewater and for other lower-lying areas FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1597 in the Walla Walla River Valley from Milton, Oreg., to McCoy Bridge against floods with a discharge about two times as great as that of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in 1931. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation have been fur- nished. Local interests have contributed $6,300 to cover the cost of their portion of diversion structures. Operations and results during fiscal year. Investigation of test pits installed during construction was continued. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,449. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of levee and channel improvement has been completed throughout sections 1 to 6 inclu- sive. This includes all levees and revetments on the project. Remaining work consists of channel improvement from the up- stream limit of the project to station 108. This work is indefinitely postponed pending reopening by sponsors, and is not included in the approved estimate. Total costs have been $886,153 for new work. In addition, costs for new work from contributed funds amounted to $6,300. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated - _i_._- -$125,000 - -..... .. . . $890, 000 Cost_ --- $273,981 $123,106 148 $14 $1,449 886,153 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---- $3, 847 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----- --------------------------------- 3, 847 12. MILL CREEK, WASH. Location. Near Walla Walla, Wash., on Mill Creek, a tributary of the Walla Walla River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of flood control works consisting of a storage dam, outlet works, diversion works, division structures and improvement of a stretch of Mill Creek Channel, including the reconstruction of the Otis and Merriam Street Bridges across Mill Creek in the city of Walla Walla, Wash. The storage dam, which forms a reservoir of 6,000 acre-feet capac- ity, is a rolled earthfill structure 145 feet high, 3,200 feet long at the crest, and 800 feet wide at the base. Flood water is diverted to storage by means of diversion work on Mill Creek consisting of a rolled earth- fill dam 1,700 feet long and 20 feet high, with a concrete spillway section and headworks at the left abutment, and a concrete-lined canal leading from the headworks to the storage reservoir. Stored water is subsequently released through outlet works consisting of a steel-lined concrete conduit through the base of the storage dam and a canal 5,900 feet in length from the dam to Mill Creek. The normal flow of water past the diversion works is apportioned, by means of 2 concrete 1598 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 division structures, to the 3 delta streams, Yellowhawk, Garrison, and Mill Creek. The project will control the entire Mill Creek drainage area of 85 square miles and care for a flood of 11,400 second-feet. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, modified the project in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 719, 76th Congress, 3d session. Cost of the completed project was $2,162,155x Local cooperation. For the project, except for Mill Creek through the city of Walla Walla, section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. For the section of Mill Creek through the city of Walla Walla, Wash., local interests will provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from improvement. Assur- ances of compliance with these requirements received from local inter- ests were approved by the division engineer, March 2, 1948. Local interests have contributed $80,000 toward the cost of channel im- provement through the city of Walla Walla. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Ordinary operations and maintenance were continued. Reservoir regulation was routine except diversions for bed sealing. Total costs for the fiscal year were $16,583, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and ap- purtenant works was completed in 1942. An auxiliary outlet canal from the dam to Russell Creek and construction of additional drainage at the toe of the dam were completed in 1944. Paving of the channel through the city of Walla Walla was completed in 1948. Compaction of reservoir area, installation of seepage relief wells, grouting of interior drains and installation of a new sluice gate were completed in 1949 and 1950. Diversion of water for bed-sealing operations initiated in 1952 is being continued as conditions permit. Total cost has been $2,576,461, of which $2,162,155 was for new work and $414,307 for maintenance. In addition, costs for new work from contributed funds amounted to $80,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 19511 New work: Appropriated ....... -- $95, 439 -------------- $2, 162, 155 Cost 4,011---- ---- ----------- ------------ ------------ 2,162, 155 Maintenance: Appropriated ---- _ -7, 000 $15, 000 $17, 200 $13, 500 $15, 180 414, 780 Cost------------------ .. 23, 245 14, 899 17, 290 17, 459 16, 583 414, 307 1 In addition $80,000 was expended for new work from contributed funds. 13. PENDLETON, UMATILLA RIVER, OREG. Location. This project is located on the Umatilla River in and adjacent to the city of Pendleton, Oreg. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a levee system in the Riverside area upstream from the Pendleton city limits; FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1599 improvement of the channel, and strengthening the existing levees through the city of Pendleton, and raising, rehabilitating, and extend- ing existing levees in the State hospital area. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (Public Law 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost, revised in 1955, is $675,000 for construction. The costs of rights-of-way, utility relocations, and reconstruction of irrigation diversions are to be paid by local interests. The project will provide protection against a flood of 28,000 second-feet in the Umatilla River through and adjacent to Pendleton, Oreg. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. In addition to the usual require- ments, local interests are required to accomplish, at their own expense, any utility relocations and irrigation diversions necessary for the con- struction of the project. A cash contribution of $16,000 will be made by local interests. Operations and results during fiscal year. General design memo- randum was initiated during the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year were $10,909. Condition at end of fiscal year. General design memorandum is 55 percent complete. Total costs have been $10,909. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated ...... -.... $15, 000 $15, 000 Cost ...... -- 10, 909 10,909 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - - - $4, 091 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- _ 4, 091 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project- --- _ 660, 000 14. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operation requiredto Report Construction and main- complete tenance Pullman, Palouse River, Wash_- 1953 $49, 267 1 2 $1, 550, 733 Pendleton, Umatilla River, Oreg _ 1939 143, 263 (3) Dayton, Touchet River, Wash_ 1953 16, 064 -------------- 583, 936 Malheur Improvement district, Snake River, Oreg., near Weiser, Idaho 1949 319 -------------- 1 2 54, 681 Pilot Rock. Birch Creek, Oreg 1949 3, 700 ------------- 1 157, 300 Lewiston-Clarkston levees_ 1950 ....------------- _------------- 1 4, 160, 000 1 No funds appropriated for work. 2 Inactive. Last cost estimate revision 1955. 3 Completed. ' Restudy. Last cost estimate revision 1955. 363037--55--vol. 2-101 1600 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 15. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Projects authorized subject to specified conditions of local coopera- tion are transferred to responsible local interests upon completion of construction for operation and maintenance in accordance with the requirements of the authorizing legislation. Inspections are made to determine compliance of local interests with assurances given re- garding operation and maintenance and the physical condition of the improvements. Operations and results during fiscal year. Inspections were made of flood control works at the following locations: Touchet River, Wash.; Milton-Freewater, Walla Walla River, Oreg.; Mill Creek, Wash.; Heise-Roberts, Snake River, Idaho; Jack Link, Boise River, Idaho; Owyhee River, Oreg.; Kooskia, Clearwater River, Idaho; Orofino, Orofino Creek, and Clearwater River, Idaho; North Lewis- ton, Clearwater River, Idaho; Whitebird, Whitebird Creek, Idaho; and Jackson Hole, Snake River, Wyo. Total costs during the fiscal year were $999. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated_..----_$1, 500 _$1, 000 .$300 $2, 800 Cost_- -- - ......... $1175 $579 652 $324 999 2,728 16. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interestof flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood ControlAct). In addition to funds previously allotted amounting to $245,822, funds in the amount of $18,362 were allotted during fiscal year 1955, making a total of $264,184, all for new work. In addition, local in- terests at Waitsburg, Wash., have contributed $20,000 to cover cost of their portion of Touchet River project, and $1,300 by local interests to cover the cost of their portion of the Price and Morgan intake loca- tions, Jackson Hole, Snake River, Wyo. Channel clearing and snagging were completed at Phil Ford and Salubria Cove locations, Weiser River, Idaho, and at Price and Mor- gan intake locations, Jackson Hole area, Snake River, Wyo. Included in the fiscal year allotments was $15,000 for work at Lower Swan Val- ley location, Snake River, Idaho, which will be included in fiscal year 1956 program. Total costs from Federal funds during the fiscal year were $34,384. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $249,178, all for new work. FLOOD CONTROL---WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1601 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated..-----_ $70, 000 ----------- $35, 561 $33, 400 $18, 362 1 $264, 184 Cost ------------------ 39,090 $16, 471 1, 286 51, 086 34, 384 1249, 178 1 In addition $21,300 was expended from contributed funds by local interests for Touchet River at Waits- burg, Wash. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- -_------- $15, 006 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-----------------_ ----------------------- 15, 006 Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). In addition to funds previously allotted amounting to $41,276, funds in the amount of $4,000 were allotted during fiscal year 1955, making a total of $45,276, all for new work. Plans and specifications and all construction work for emergency bank protection at Walter Feuz location, Buffalo Fork of the Snake River near Moran, Wyo., were completed during the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year were $4,019. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------. -$2, 225 -$292 ----------------------- $4, 000 $45, 276 Cost------------------ 2, 512 ...........-..... - - 4,019 45, 295 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------- -- $19 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------- --------------------------------- 19 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (see. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Revocations in the amount of $161,850 were made during fiscal year 1955 from a total previously allotted of $436,619, making a total of $274,769 for work under this authorization to June 30, 1955. Operations during the fiscal year. Construction of levees at Tomanovich-Salmon City location, Salmon River, Idaho, was com- pleted. Project reports were completed for Bancroft location, Port- neuf River, Idaho, and Dry Creek, tributary of Walla Walla River, Wash., and partially completed for Deep Creek, near Potlatch, Idaho. Total costs during the fiscal year were $83,291. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $274,703, all for new work. 1602 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated------.......--- $14,000 $120,093 -$67, 124 $269,650 -$161, 850 $274, 769 Cost,----------------- 71, 352 22, 888 14, 553 69, 859 83, 291 274, 703 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $66 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------------------------- -------------------- 66 Flood control emergencies---Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental au- thorizations). In addition to funds previously allotted in the amount of $2,560,- 384, funds in the amount of $100,000 were allotted during the fiscal year, making a total of $2,660,384, all for maintenance. In addition, local interests in the Jackson Hole area, Snake River, Wyo., have contributed $5,660 to cover cost of their portion of the Jackson Hole project. Design and construction of levee and revetment repair, channel excavation and bank protection at the Fulmer, Lorenzo Bridge, Adam- son and Brown, and Ball locations, Heise-Roberts area, Snake River, Idaho; Jackson Hole area, Snake River, Wyo.; Jack Link location, Boise River, Idaho; and Whitebird Creek location, Salmon River, Idaho, were completed during fiscal year 1955. Total costs from Federal funds during the fiscal year were $94,842. Total costs to June 30, 1955, have been $2,629,088. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30. 1955, includ* ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated --------- $84, 247 $46, 219 $134, 659 $33, 205 $100, 000 1$2, 660, 384 Cost-----------------_ 155, 891 80, 654 132, 114 80, 234 94, 842 12, 629, 088 1 In addition $55,399.08 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds-$35,399 for Touchet River at Dayton, Wash., and $20,000 for Boise River, Silver Bridge, Idaho. 17. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD CONTROL OPERATIONS In accordance with section 7 of the Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, preliminary studies were initiated for the purpose of determining potential flood control effectiveness of the United States Bureau of Reclamation reservoirs in Payette River Basin. Studies were initiated to determine benefits creditable under planned operation for flood control for Little Wood River Reservoir, a pri- vately owned reservoir located on a stream of the same name in south central Idaho. Studies were also initiated for determining flood GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1603 protection in Jackson Hole, Wyo., that could be effected by utilizing storage capacity transferred from Palisades Reservoir to Jackson Lake Reservoir. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated ....--- .. ... ..------------------------------------ $1,000 $2, 000 $3, 000 .. Cost ------------- 54 2, 880 2,934 18. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Total costs of work during the fiscal year for flood control studies were $61,508. The anticipated allotment of $105,500 will be applied to the con- tinuation of the Upper Snake River survey report and the initiation of reports on the Yakima River at Richland, Wash., and Zintell Can- yon, tributary of the Columbia River at Kennewick, Wash. 19. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA During the fiscal year, work consisted of maintenance of current records of basic data, and flood investigations. Total costs of work during the fiscal year for the collection and study of basic data were $1,730. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ALASKA DISTRICT (This district consists of the Territory of Alaska) IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Nome Harbor, Alaska ----- 1605 6. Other authorized flood control 2. Harbor of Refuge, Seward, projects-----------------1613 Alaska _ _-- 1607 7. Inspection of completed proj- 3. Kodiak Harbor, Alaska----- 1609 ects------------------- 1613 4. Wrangell Narrows, Alaska__ 1611 5. Other authorized navigation General investigations projects-----------------1612 8. Examinations and surveys_ 1613 1. NOME HARBOR, ALASKA Location. Nome Harbor is situated at the mouth of Snake River on the northerly shore of Norton Sound, an arm of Bering Sea. It is a shallow, open roadstead, 581 nautical miles north of Dutch Harbor and 2,288 nautical miles northwest of Seattle, Wash. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 9302, 9380, and 9381.) Existing project. This provides for 2 jetties, the easterly, 951 feet long, and the westerly, not exceeding 676 feet long, at the mouth of the Snake River; a channel 8 feet deep at mean lower low water and 75 feet wide from Norton Sound through Snake River to the mouths of Bourbon and Dry Creeks, in the city of Nome, terminating in a basin of similar depth 250 feet wide and 600 feet long, revetting the banks of the rivers; and protecting all existing waterfront improve- ments on the easterly beach by means of a rock-mound seawall 3,350 feet long extending easterly from the east jetty. The extreme tidal range is 2.8 feet and the range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.15 feet, but water levels are influenced more by wind than tide. Levels of 7 feet below mean lower low water have been observed during offshore winds, and a level of 14 feet above mean lower low water has been observed during a southerly storm. The actual cost for new work was $1,348,240. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance, exclusive of the seawall, which is to be maintained by local interests, is $47,500, ex- cluding $2,500 to be contributed by the city of Nome. Extension of the jetties to authorized lengths is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $852,000 with $20,000 1605 1606 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 annual maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports 1 Aug. 8, 1917 For 2,jetties, the easterly 335 feet and the westerly 460 H. Doc. 1932, 64th Cong., 2d sess. feet long; revetment, channel, and basin 200 feet wide and 250 feet long. Aug. 30,1935 Extension of the jetties and basin 2 H. Doc. 404, 71st Cong., 2d sess., and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 38, 73d Cong., 2d sess. June 16,1948 Seawall______________________________ _ Report of the Chief of Engineers dated Mar. 8, 1948. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2Extension of east jetty about 616 feet and west jetty not more than 216 feet authorized by River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940 (H. Doc. 332, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) inactive. Local cooperation. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, which authorized the initial im- provement, the city of Nome furnished evidence, accepted by the Secretary of War on December 22, 1917, that it would contribute $2,500 annually toward the maintenance of the improvements and furnish all lands or easements necessary to the proper execution of the work. These conditions have been met annually as required. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of June 16, 1948, which authorized the seawall local interests are re- quired to furnish without cost to the United States, the necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and quarry, rights; accomplish without ex- pense to the United States, alterations as may be required to utility facilities; agree to hold and save the United States free from any claims for damages that may result from construction of the project; and agree to maintain the works after completion. These conditions have been met. Terminal facilities. Cargoes and passengers from ocean vessels are lightered to and from shore a distance of about 2 miles. Traffic enters the dredged channel and is handled over the revetment, where transfer facilities that are open to public use have been installed by a lighterage company. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. There was no new work during the fiscal year. Maintenance was performed by Government plant and hired labor, July through November 5, 1954, and April through June 1955, and consisted of dredging 14,250 cubic yards, at a cost of $26,174. Total maintenance costs for the fiscal year, which included $8,672 for operations and ordinary maintenance were $34,846, $32,346 from Fed- eral funds and $2,500 from contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the original 335- and 460-foot jetties and the revetments was commenced in 1919 and completed in 1923. Reconstruction of the jetties with concrete to modified lengths of 240 feet and 400 feet was completed in 1940. Dredging of the channel and the original 200- by 250-foot basin was RIVERS AND HARBORS-ALASKA DISTRICT 1607 commenced in 1919 and completed in 1922. Construction of the sea- wall was commenced in 1949 and completed in June 1951. Dredging of the 400-foot extension of the basin was commenced in 1949 and is complete with the exception of small areas in the northerly portion of the small boat harbor extension and around the Corps of Engineers marine ways which are not required. Timber revetments have been refaced with sheet steel piling. A portion of the east jetty was repaired in 1954 with a concrete fill. A portion of the west jetty has eroded to a point where some patching is required at two locations. The costs from Federal funds to June 30, 1954, have been $1,348,240 for new work and $1,324,262 for maintenance, a total of $2,672,502. The costs from contributed funds have been $125 for new work and $82,500 for maintenance, a total of $82,625. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--------_ $464, 000 -$89, 710 ---------------------------------- $1,348, 240 ost....-----------------738, 839 2, 763 ----------------------- ------------ 1,348, 240 Maintenance: Appropriated...--------. 45, 000 23, 000 $31, 850 $52, 379 $28, 035 1,326, 461 Cost ---------------- 43, 473 51, 480 33, 725 52, 972 32, 346 1, 324, 262 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- .... -$375 ....... ..------------....------------------------------------ $125 Cost--------- .... - 125 ____-- -- --- ...--------------- ...-- 125 Maintenance: Appropriated.. _ 2, 500 $2, 500 $2, 500 $2, 500 $2, 500 82, 500 Cost------------------2, 500 2, 500 2, 500 2, 500 2, 500 82, 500 2. HARBOR OF REFUGE, SEWARD, ALASKA Location. This harbor is located at Seward, Alaska, on the west side of the north end of Resurrection Bay. The harbor is about 130 miles west of Cordova, Alaska. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts Nos. 8529 and 8552.) Existing project. This provides for a south breakwater 580 feet long and a north breakwater 950 feet long, dredging a basin about 207,000 square feet in area between the breakwaters to a depth of 1608 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 121/2 feet at mean lower low water, raising the south breakwater and constructing pile breakwaters as extensions to existing works to par- tially close the east side of the basin. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.3 feet with an extreme range of 18.9 feet. The approved estimate of cost for new work (revised 1955), is $273,000. The approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance, made in 1952, is $4,000 for the south breakwater and basin and $1,075 for the pile breakwater. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports 1 July 3, 1930 South breakwater and dredge basin--------------- H. Doc. 109, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,1935 North breakwater--------------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 3, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 3,1954 Raise the south breakwater, and construct 2 pile H. Doc. 182, 83d Cong., 1st sess. breakwaters on east side of basin. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, local interests are to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction and maintenance of the project; and provide and maintain suitable mooring facilities and utilities including a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. Docking facilities at Seward include a float constructed by local interests which will accommodate about 50 small boats, 1 commercial wharf, owned by the Alaska Railroad, which is available to the use of the public on payment of the usual wharfage charges, 1 wharf owned by the Standard Oil Company, 1 wharf owned by the United States Government and operated by the Alaska Rail- road as a general cargo terminal, and 2 wharves which are privately owned and used for industrial purposes. These facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None-cost for the fiscal year for operations and ordinary maintenance was $7,739. Condition at end of fiscal year. The south breakwater was con- structed in 1931, the basin dredged in 1932, and the north breakwater was constructed in 1937. Maintenance dredging to restore project depth over all navigable portions of the basin was completed in fiscal year 1952 and the north breakwater was restored to project dimen- sions in fiscal year 1953. Work remaining to be done is raising of the south breakwater and construction of two pile breakwaters on the east side of the existing basin. The costs to June 30, 1955, have been $154,154 for new work and $81,648 for maintenance, a total of $235,802. RIVERS AND HARBORS--ALASKA DISTRICT 1609 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated . . .. . _.......-----......... ._ $154, 154 Cost------- -------------.----------- ------------ -----------..------ . 154, 154 Maintenance: Appropriated---------..... ------.........--- -$23, 927 .$37, 500 81, 667 Cost -----------------... $44 26, 739 ------------ 29, 742 $7,739 81, 648 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-__ -- _____________ $118, 846 3. KODIAK HARBOR, ALASKA Location. Kodiak Harbor is located on the northeastern shore of Kodiak Island and lies in the northern portion of St. Paul Harbor and the southern half of North Channel, and is about 177 miles southwest of Seward, Alaska. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 8534, 8545, and 8556.) Existing project. This provides for a channel between Near Island and Kodiak Island 22 feet deep at mean lower low water and 200 feet wide, and a small boat basin 11.7 acres in area with depths of 12 and 8 feet below mean lower low water protected by two rock breakwaters, 1,250 and 780 feet long. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.5 feet. The extreme range is about 17 feet. The latest approved estimate of cost of new work, revised 1955, is $2,070,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,125 for the channel improvement and $2,000 for the small boat basin. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,1935 Channel 200 feet wide and 22 feet deep with additional H. Doc. 208, 72d Cong. 1st sess. width at the wharves. Oct. 17,1940 Deletes additional width at the wharves----------- ............. H. Doc. 332, 76th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map). Sept. 3,1954 Small boat basin ----------------------------- H. Doc. 465, 83d Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of 1954, local interests are to give assurances satis- factory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide with- out cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, 1610 REiPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 including quarry rights, necessary for the initial work and for subse- quent maintenance when and as required; (b) perform the mainte- nance dredging necessary to insure project depths at all times; (c) construct, maintain, and operate adequate mooring facilities and utili- ties including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms; and (d) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. Terminal facilities. There are 5 wharves in Kodiak Harbor; 1 privately owned and 1 owned by the city are operated as commercial terminals, a Government dock accommodates vessels operated by the Fish and Wildlife Service and other Government agencies, 2 docks are owned and operated by oil companies for oil handling and bunk- ering. One general cargo wharf, the Government wharf and an oil dock are located in the improved channel, and the city-owned wharf and one oil dock are in the Inner Anchorage about one-half mile west of the town of Kodiak. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. No protected docking or anchorage facilities are available for small boats. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work performed under contract consisted of removal of about 1,250 cubic yards of rock and sand and gravel overburden from the channel at a cost of $31,250. Total new work costs for the fiscal year, including $8,344 for Govern- ment costs, were $39,594. Condition at end of fiscal year. The channel project is 82 percent physically complete. The channel was dredged in front of Erskine wharf in 1942 and project depth was available over a width of 170 feet. Dredging and rock removal in the channel to project depth and width commenced in June and about 1,250 cubic yards of material was removed. Work remaining to be done is completion of the rock re- moval in the channel to project dimensions and construction of the small-boat basin. The costs have been $51,739 for new work and $3,458 for maintenance, a total of $55,197. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiseal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated- ...- --------------- .. . ---------.------------.------------ $109, 900 $122,045 Cost.. ..------------- ---- --- ----------------------- ----------- 39,594 51,739 Maintenance: Appropriated---..--------------- --------------------------------------------- 3,458 Cost.........-----------....---- .-------------------------- ---------- -------- ------------ 3, 458 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------- $7, 186 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-_ ------------------------------------------ 7, 186 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_---------------------------------1, 947, 955 Note. Unliquidated obligations, $63,120. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ALASKA DISTRICT 1611 4. WRANGELL NARROWS, ALASKA Location. Wrangell Narrows lies to the west of Mitkof Island, connects Sumner Strait with Frederick Sound, and forms a part of the inside water route from Puget Sound to southeastern Alaska. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 8170 and 8201.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 300 feet wide and 24 feet deep at mean lower low water, with improvement of the aline- ment of the original 200- by 21-foot channel; an anchorage basin ad- jacent to the channel in the vicinity of mile 14, 500 yards long, 200 yards wide, and 26 feet deep; a 27-foot depth at Petersburg bar (shoal 2) ; easing curves at 4 shoals; removing a rock pinnacle opposite An- chor Point; removing 5 small rock pinnacles in towing channel. The extreme tidal range is about 25 feet at the northern end of the narrows. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 13.8 feet at the northern end, 14.2 feet midway of the narrows, and 13.1 feet at the southern end. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $4,090,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $31,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1925 Original channel 21 feet deep and 200 feet wide, with H. Doc. 179, 67th Cong., 2d sess. increased depth in rock, 1 and 27 feet deep at shoal 2. Aug. 30, 1935 1 Enlargement of channel at shoal 1; 2 easing of curves H. Doc. 647, 71st Cong., 2d sess. and removal of rock pinnacles. 3 Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 300 feet wide and 24 feet deep at mean lower H. Doc. 260, 76th Cong., 1st sess. low water, with improvement of existing alinement and an anchorage basin 500 yards long, 200 yards wide, and 26 feet deep. I Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Encompassed by 24- by 300-foot channel. Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at Petersburg, the only port in the narrows, include 6 wharves and 1 float. One privately owned and operated wharf, which serves as a passenger, general cargo, and cold-storage terminal is open for public use. A publicly owned float is open for public use for mooring and servicing small craft. All of the other wharves are used for industrial purposes. These facilities are adequate for the vessels benefited by the improve- ment of Wrangell Narrows. Operationss and results during fiscal year. None. Cost for the fiscal year for operations and ordinary maintenance was $5,273. Condition at end of fiscal year. The original dredging was com- pleted in 1934. Dredging the channel 300 feet by 24 feet along an improved alinement was completed in June 1951. The work remain- ing to be done is to dredge the anchorage basin. 1612 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 New work: Appropriated---------......... $750, 000 -$23, 800 -$1, 026 -$779 ------------ ........... $3, 195, 502 Cost__.------. -.--.- 1, 006, 472 20, 126 -348 4, 314------------ ............ 3, 195, 502 Maintenance: Appropriated......... -53, 816 16, 121 3, 250 -3 $5, 235 248, 159 Cost- ............... _15 5, 827 7, 040 ............ 5, 273 248, 197 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_ ____ ____$894, 498 5. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated see Annual Operation amount required to Name of project Report Construction and main- complete tenance 1. Apoon mouth of the Yukon River -.......... 1920 $128, 896. 04 $2, 153.83 (1) 2. Cordova Harbor, Alaska----------- -------- 1952 253, 534. 14 92, 999. 79 (1) 3. Craig Harbor, Alaska ___.--.---- . -___. 1945- ---------------------------- $365, 000 4. Dry Pass, Alaska---___ .....---------- _ 1949 58, 665. 32 536. 79 1, 571,300 5. Egegik River, Alaska 3- - - - - - 1941 4, 441.10 1) (1)________ 6. Elfin Cove, Alaska-----.- ------ -----------1945- --- 173, 000 7. Gastineau Channel, Alaska..-------------- 1952 1,080, 000 8. Iliuliuk Harbor, Alaska------..-- - 1941 66, 036. 59------------- (1) 9. Juneau Harbor, Alaska-- ___--........ 1952 150, 715.81 28, 464. 40 (1) 10. Ketchikan Harbor, Alaska-_--_ ---------- 1953 224, 945. 84 33, 438. 50 3, 665, 100 11. Metlakatla Harbor, Alaska------------------1952 ............ _.-............ 413, 000 12. Meyers Chuck Harbor, - Alaska..--------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1945 ..... ___ ....--- -............. 132, 000 13. Nome Harbor, Alaska 4 1954 852, 000 14. Neva and Olga Strait, Alaska ------------ -------------- -------- 283, 000 15. Pelican Harbor, Alaska .----------------------------------------------------- 362, 000 16. Petersburg Harbor, Alaska------.. ----- _ 1950 88, 387.00 413. 00 292, 600 17. ................ Port Alexander, Alaska--- -_ 1949 17, 000.00 593.83 (1) 18. Port Alexander, Alaska 4 _________............ 1949 97, 000 19. Rocky Pass in Keku Strait, Alaska- ....-.---- ................._ 300, 000 20. St. Michael Canal, Alaska ___________________ 1916 377, 061. 95 559. 76 (1) 21. Seldovia Harbor, Alaska .------------- - 1949 ---------------------------- 276, 000 22. Sitka Harbor, Alaska......................... 1952 64, 797. 04 4,605. 98 1, 005, 200 23. Skagway Harbor, Alaska_----- .....- ___ 1953 62, 172. 99 .............. 50, 000 24. Skagway River, Alaska (O&M Special)-.... 1953 . . 11, 667, 00 (1) 25. Stikine River, Alaska-__- 1949 ....-.--.... 4, 757. 10 (7) 26. Valdez Harbor, Alaska_ --................... . 1952 52, 361. 08 42, 728. 96 128, 600 27. Wrangell Harbor, Alaska------------------- 1953 91, 021.00 7, 350.00 556, 000 1 Completed. 2 Abandonment recommended in H. Doe. 467, 79th Cong., 1st sess. 3 No maintenance required at present. 4 Inactive. Estimate revised 1954. 5 In addition $8,000 has been expended from contributed funds. 6 This amount was used to partly fund a joint civil works and maintenance project for emerg ncy work on Skagway River. 7 Authorized for maintenance only. FLOOD CONTROL-ALASKA DISTRICT 1613 6. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1955 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual Operations amount Report Report Construction Operations required to and main- complete tenance 1. Fairbanks, Tanana River and Chena Slough, Alaska ------ ------------ -------------- 1945 $557,000.00 -------------- (1) 2. Gold Creek, Alaska ------------ ------ ---------------- ------- $428, 000 3. Lowell Creek, Alaska---------------------- 1945 2 416, 382. 29 $30, 771, 35 (1) 4. Skagway, Skagway River, Alaska .------------- 1953 -- _ 21, 384.93 -- 800,000 5. Salmon River, Alaska- --- 1954 3 34, 231.00 421, 246. 00 (b) 6. Emergency bank protection work under au- thority of sec. 14 of the Flood Control Act Approved July 24, 1946- -........ - _ ._ .-..-- 1952 24, 898. 00 - -- (6) 7. Emergency flood control work under authority of sec. 5 of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 18, 1941, as amended 7- ------- 1950 46, 831.20 (1) 8. Emergency flood control work under authority of Public Law 138, 78th Cong., and Public Laws 102 and 858, 80th Cong_ -- _ 1953 872, 360.91 9. Emergency flood control work under authority of sec. 208 of the 1948 Flood Control Act, 80th Cong., 2d sess., and Public Law 371 approved June 4, 1952, 82d Cong., 2d sess-------------... 1953------------- 0151,720.81 1 Completed and transferred to local interests for maintenance. 2 In addition, $25,000 has been expended from contributed funds. 3 In addition, $7,000 has been expended from contributed funds. 4 In addition, $2,400 has been expended from contributed funds. 5 Completed. 6 Emergency bank protection of Talkeetna River at Talkeetna, Alaska. Completed. 7 Emergency flood control work, Gold Creek, Juneau, Alaska. 8 Consists of emergency dike repair Skagway River $47,360.91 and channel revetment repairs Gold Creek, Juneau $25,000. 9 Consists of emergency repairs Skagway River $44,299.43 and emergency flood control work Gold Creek, Juneau $107,421.38. 10Does not include $11,667 which was used to partly fund a joint civil works military project for emergency work on Skagway River. Included in other authorized navigation projects table. 7. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Inspections were made of Lowell Creek and Fairbanks, Tanana River and Chena Slough projects during fiscal year 1955 in conjunc- tion with other civil works activities in the area at no cost to the project. 8. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work during the fiscal year amounted to $46,922. This amount includes $23,009 for examination and surveys, flood control studies and $23,913 for navigation studies. The funds unexpended June 30, 1955, $3,382 together with an antici- pated allotment of $30,000, $15,000 for flood control and $15,000 for navigation will be applied as needed during fiscal year 1956 for further study in connection with interim report No. 6 northwestern Alaska and interim report No. 7-Yukon and Kuskokwin Rivers. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS The Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors was authorized by section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved June 13, 1902. The enabling act provided for the organization in the Office of the Chief of Engineers by detail from time to time from the Corps of Engineers of a board of 5 engineer officers (later increased by legis- lation to 7 members), a majority of whom shall be of a rank not less than lieutenant colonel. The act with subsequent amendments directs that all reports on authorized preliminary examinations and surveys of river and harbor and flood control projects be reviewed by the Board prior to submis- sion of the reports by the Chief of Engineers with his recommen- dation to Congress. The review is for the purpose of determining the economic and engineering justification of the projects reported upon. The Board is also required upon request by the appropriate committees of Congress to review and report through the Chief of Engineers upon any authorized project or desired improvement previously reported upon with a view to recommending the initiation of a project or modification of an existing project. The Chief of Engineers may refer to the Board for consideration and recommenda- tion all special reports ordered by Congress and may prescribe such other duties as he desires. Additional duties were assigned to the Board under the terms of section 8 of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920, and of various River and Harbor Acts, notably those of February 1891 and September 1922. In compliance with the Merchant Marine Act, the Board is responsible, in cooperation with the Maritime Administration, for collecting, com- piling, and publishing information on more than 100 sea and Great Lakes ports. Under the River and Harbor Acts, the Board compiles and publishes data on the water transportation lines of the United States, and other publications containing information on the water- borne commerce of the United States, and on the port and terminal charges at United States ports. It provides technical supervision over the compilation and publication of the National Summary Tables and the Regional Statistical Reports containing the statistics per- taining to the waterborne commerce in the United States. In addition to the duties prescribed by law, the Board performs such other duties as may be assigned by the Chief of Engineers. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1955, the Board performed the following assigned duties: Reviewed and submitted recommen- dations on certain Corps of Engineers policies and procedures as directed; reviewed and commented on reports of other Federal agen- cies pertaining to water resource development; conducted investiga- tions and studies of the economics of ports and waterways; provided guidance to the field offices of the Corps of Engineers in the field of waterways economics including distribution of six waterways eco- 363037-55-vol. 2 102 1615 1616 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 nomic series publications; prepared Engineer intelligence reports and special planning studies on foreign ports; and prepared vulnera- bility reports on certain ports of the United States. On June 30, 1955, the Board was composed of the following mem- bers: Brig. Gen. Charles G. Holle, Deputy Chief of Engineers for Construction (Chairman); Brig. Gen. William E. Potter, division engineer, Missouri River Division: Col. Paul D. Berrigan, division engineer, North Central Division; Col. Louis H. Foote, division engi- neer, North Pacific Division; Col. Robert J. Fleming, Jr., division engineer, New England Division; Col. John L. Person, division engi- neer, Ohio River Division; and Col. Francis H. Falkner, resident member, Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. In addition to the foregoing, the following officers have also been detailed for various periods during the year to membership on the Board: Maj. Gen. Bernard L. Robinson, Deputy Chief of Engineers for Construction; Brig. Gen. Herbert D. Vogel, division engineer, Southwestern Division; Col. Wendell P. Trower, division engineer, Great Lakes Division; and Brig. Gen. Benjamin B. Talley, division engineer, North Atlantic Division. A summary of the congressional investigations authorized from establishment of the Board in 1902 to the close of the fiscal year 1955, authorizations completed, and the number of authorizations remaining to be reported upon is given in the following table: Number of Number of Total num- Number investiga- investiga- ber com- completed Number Authority for investigations tions ordered tions ordered pleted prior during year remaining prior to July during fiscal to July 1, ending June to be com- 1 1954 year 1955 1954 30, 1955 pleted River and harbor and flood con- trol acts_________ ______. _____ 4, 985 16 4, 588 21 392 Congressional resolutions -----.. 2, 840 82 2, 133 39 750 Total __- - -_________ - -____ 7, 825 98 6, 721 60 1, 142 The Board held 2 hearings during the year and made 2 field inspec- tion trips pertaining to projects in Iowa and New York with particu- lar reference to Des Moines River, Iowa, and Niagara River, N. Y. (redevelopment of power). It held 5 meetings of from 1 to 3 days duration and considered 27 reports, acting favorably on 14 and un- favorably on 6 reports of survey; reporting unfavorably on.2 pre- liminary examinations; recommending 2 surveys to be made; issuing 2 public notices on favorable reports; and returning 1 report to the field for reconsideration. In addition to the reports considered at Board meetings, the resident member with the approval of the Chair- man processed 32 obviously unfavorable preliminary examination and survey reports. Although 28 of these reports contained no cost esti- mates, it is estimated from the improvements desired that the total cost would have exceeded $1 billion. The resident member with the approval of the Chairman also recommended surveys on six favorable preliminary examination reports under authority of a resolution of the Board dated September 13, 1954. The grand total of 65 reports BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS 1617 was considered. The Board recommended favorably on projects totaling $602,025,830 of which $601,348,700 was the cost to the United States and $677,130 cost to local interests; and unfavorably on projects totaling $166,342,640 during the year. Commencing with its meeting in October 1953, the Board opened its meetings to the public. Since that time all deliberations and dis- cussions of the Board have been conducted in open session in order that interested parties can be fully informed on the bases on which the Board's decisions are made. This practice will be continued. As a result of having its meetings open to the public, interested parties were present during the consideration of about 90 percent of the re- ports and on about 50 percent of the reports informal statements were made by interested parties. In addition to its review of preliminary examinations and surveys, the Board submitted reports or comments on reports to the Chief of Engineers as follows: 19 reports of other Federal agencies on water resource develop- ment; 10 special civil works reports to the Chief of Engineers; 2 reports on Corps of Engineers policies and procedures; 6 waterways economic series reports ; 22 engineer intelligence studies convering 28 foreign ports; 1 report on vulnerability of United States ports, covering 6 ports; and 21 special planning studies on foreign ports. Studies prescribed by various river and harbor acts, and by section 8 of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920, were continued and the results published in two series of reports under the titles of- Port Series Report. Transportation Series Report. The following reports were published during the year : PortSeries Reports No. 1. The Ports of Portland and Searsport, Maine, and Portsmouth, N. H. No. 4. The Ports of Southern New England. No. 5. The Port of New York, N. Y., and N. J. Part 1. General Data. Part 2. Data on Piers, Wharves, and Docks. Part 3. Port Facilities Maps. No. 6. The Port of Albany, N. Y. TransportationSeries Reports No. 3. Transportation Lines on the Great Lakes System, 1955. No. 4. Transportation Lines on the Mississippi River System and the Gulf In- tracoastal Waterway, 1955. No. 5. Transportation Lines on the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific Coasts, 1954. Part 2 of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers was discon- tinued, and, in lieu thereof, a series of five separate publications was released containing the waterborne commerce statistics compiled by the Corps of Engineers, subdivided geographically. 1618 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Area to area studies of the major commodities moved in the inland waterways trade were completed; and a number of special studies were prepared at the direction of the Chief of Engineers including move- ments of commodities and ton-miles of freight moving over various waterways. During the year, the Board maintained close contact with the field offices of the Corps of Engineers, gave wide distribution to its studies and reports, and gave thorough and independent analysis to all reports of investigations. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT, MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1955 Commission headquarters. Mississippi River Commission build- ing, Vicksburg, Miss., post office box 80. Commissioners. The commissioners during the fiscal year were Brig. Gen. John R. Hardin, United States Army, president; Rear Adm. Leo O. Colbert, United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, re- tired; DeWitt L. Pyburn, civil engineer; Eugene F. Salisbury, civil engineer; Egbert A. Smith, since July 1, 1954; Brig. Gen William E. Potter, United States Army, since September 28, 1954; and Brig. Gen. Charles G. Holle, United States Army, since September 28, 1954. Jurisdiction. The Mississippi River Commission, created by act of Congress approved June 28, 1879, is charged, under the direction of the Secretary of the Army and supervision of the Chief of Engineers, with prosecution of improvements for flood control of the Mississippi River and of its tributaries and outlets in its alluvial valley, so far as they are affected by Mississippi River backwater, between Head of Passes, La. (mile 0), and Cape Girardeau, Mo. (mile 1,016), and with prosecution of improvements in the interest of navigation between Cairo, Ill. (mile 964), and Baton Rouge, La. (mile 232). It also is charged with prosecution of certain flood control works on the Mis- sissippi River and on tributaries so far as they are affected by back- water, between Cape Girardeau and Rock Island, Ill. (mile 1,446); more specifically charged with control of headwater floods of the St. Francis and Yazoo Basins including L'Anguille River and Yazoo tributaries, respectively; West Tennessee tributaries; and the Reel- foot Lake area, Tenn. and Ky.; protection of the Cache Basin, Mo. and Ark.; the Grand Prairie Region and Bayou Meto Basin, Ark., including water supply improvements therein; portions of the back- water areas near the mouths of the St. Francis, the White, the Yazoo, and the Red Rivers, and with improvements of Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie, La., Boeuf and Tensas Rivers, Bayou Macon and Bayou Lafourche, La. and Ark., and Lake Pontchartrain, Jeffer- son Parish, La. Backwater limits on tributary streams are considered to be located where backwater curves from the maximum Mississippi River flood intersect maximum floodflow lines of tributaries. Flood outlets from the Mississippi River connection of the Gulf of Mexico consist of the Morganza-Atchafalaya Basin and Bonnet Carre floodways. Location and description. The Mississippi River rises in Lake Itasca, Minn., flows in a general southerly direction for 2,350 miles, and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. Its drainage area, about 1,245,000 square miles, embraces all or part of 31 States between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains and parts of 2 Canadian provinces. There are approximately 35,000 square miles in the alluvial valley below Cape Girardeau, Mo., which were originally subject to overflow, including former overflow areas designated as 1619 1620 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the St. Francis, White, Tensas, Atchafalaya, and Lafourche Basins west of the river and the Yazoo and Pontchartrain Basins east of the river. Observations made by the Mississippi River Commission to June 30 show approximate maximum and minimum discharges be- tween the levees as follows: Cairo to White River, 2,000,000 and 70,000 cubic feet per second; thence to Red River, 2,150,000 and 90,000 cubic feet per second; thence to the Gulf of Mexico, 1,500,000 and 80,000 cubic feet per second in the Mississippi River and about 650,000 and 12,000 cubic feet per second in the Atchafalaya River. As the 1927 flood flow was not confined between the levees, maximum discharges recorded do not include the entire flow of the 1927 flood, the maximum of record below White River. Low water stages, gen- erally, obtain from August to December. High water and flood stages usually occur in the late winter or early spring, but great floods such as that of 1937 have occurred as early as January in the upper reaches of the lower river. Extreme ranges in stages recorded at representative gages are about 60 feet at Cairo; 53 feet at Mem- phis; 57 feet at Red River Landing; and 23 feet at Carrollton. The river is nontidal above the mouth of Red River, where amplitude of the tide rarely exceeds 0.1 foot during extreme low water. ORGANIZATION Office of the president. The president of the Mississippi River Commission is its executive officer. One officer has been assigned for duty in the office of the president as secretary of the commission. Authorized operations of the commission below Cape Girardeau within the following limits are conducted by three Corps of Engi- neers districts in accordance with approved directives and programs and congressional appropriations therefor. New Orleans district: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required from Head of Passes, mile 0, to mile 320, including south bank levee of Red River to Hotwells, La.; Bon- net Carre and Morganza floodways; maintenance and improvement of the Mississippi River navigation channel from Baton Rouge, La. (mile 232) up to mile 320; and the Baton Rouge Harbor extension (Devils Swamp Channel); Lake Pontchartrain, Jefferson Parish, La., protection levees; Atchafalaya Basin floodway; and flood con- trol and drainage improvements in Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie, in Bayou des Glaises, and Red River backwater area within district limits. Vicksburg district: Mississippi River project levees and river chan- nel stabilization as required from the upper limits of the New Orleans district's operations in the vicinity of Black Hawk, La., to the Coa- homa-Bolivar County line, Mississippi, on the left bank and to the mouth of the Arkansas River, Ark., on the right bank including the Arkansas River south bank levee to the vicinity of Pine Bluff, Ark., and its north bank levee to the mouth of Plum Bayou, Ark.; main- tenance and improvement of the Mississippi River navigation channel MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1621 between miles 320 and 593, and the Vicksburg-Yazoo area; flood con- trol and drainage improvements in the Red River backwater area including the leveed portion east of Black River within district limits; Jonesville, La., Boeuf and Tensas River and Bayou Macon Basins, Ark. and La., and Bayou Lafourche, La.; Yazoo River Basin, Miss., including the backwater area; Big and Little Sunflower Rivers, Deer Creek, and Steele Bayou, Miss., and the Grand Prairie Region, and Bayou Meto Basin, Ark., including provision for agricultural water supply. Memphis district: Mississippi River project levees and river chan- nel stabilization as required, from the upper limits of the Vicksburg district's operations in the vicinity of the mouth of White River to the north bank of Little River diversion channel, Missouri (mile 1015), a few miles below Cape Girardeau, Mo., on the right bank and to the Cache River diversion above Cairo, Ill. (mile 999), on the left bank including levees on the right bank of the Ohio River up to the previous mouth of Cache River, Ill. (mile 7), with operations above Cairo, Ill., restricted to levee work. Maintenance and improvement of the Mississippi River navigation channel between miles 593 and 964 and the Memphis Harbor, Tenn.; levees in the White River backwater area up to the vicinity of Augusta, Ark.; levees and pump- ing plants at DeValls Bluff and Des Arc, Ark.; channel improvements in Cache River Basin, Ark.; improvement works in the St. Francis River Basin, Mo. and Ark., including backwater area, Little River diversion channel, Missouri, L'Anguille River, Ark., and Obion and Forked Deer River Basins, Tenn. Field operations of the commission above Cape Girardeau, restricted to levee construction under section 6 of the 1928 Flood Control Act (local interests contributing one-third of costs and furnishing rights- of-way), are conducted within the following limits by two Corps of Engineers' districts which report direct to the commission on matters within its jurisdiction: St. Louis district: (Lower Mississippi Valley Division)-Missis- sippi River (sec. 6) levees from the upper limits of the Memphis dis- trict's operations to Clemons Station, Mo. (mile 1266), on the right bank and Hamburg Bay, Ill. (mile 1227), on the left bank including the Illinois River to mile 120, near Havana, Ill., and the Missouri River to St. Charles, Mo. (backwater limits). Rock Island district: (North Central Division) -Mississippi River (sec. 6) levees from upper limits of the St. Louis district's operations to Rock Island, Ill. (mile 1448). PREVIOUS PROJECTS The project outlined in a report by the commission dated Febru- ary 17, 1880, contemplated improvement of the channel to secure a least depth of 10 feet at extreme low water by contraction of the low water channel, protection of banks against caving, and control of floodwater by levees. For further details, see page 1944, Annual Report for 1932, and page 1682, Annual Report for 1937. 1622 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Flood control general projects previously authorized which have been incorporated as features of the project are listed below: Acts Description For last full report, see Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers June 22, 1936 Bayou des Glaises diversion ditch, Louisiana---------P. 1029, fiscal year 1946. Jonesville, La., levee retaining wall and drainage P. 1007, fiscal year 1949. structure. Clarendon to Laconi~ Circle on White River in P. 892, fiscal year 1937. Arkansas (portion below Big Creek). From North Little Rock, Ark. to Gillett, Ark. on the P. 1053, fiscal year 1946. north bank of Arkansas River (portion below Plum Bayou). Aug. 18,1941 White River levees Augusta to Clarendon and De- P. 1083, fiscal year 1946. Valls Bluff, Arkansas. P. 1084, fiscal year 1946. EXISTING PROJECT This provides for protection of the alluvial valley of the Mississippi, Head of Passes to Cape Girardeau, from floods by means of levees, floodwalls, floodways, reservoirs (in the St. Francis and Yazoo Basins), bank stabilization and channel improvements in and along the river and its tributaries and outlets insofar as affected by back- water of the Mississippi River and for levee work between Cape Girardeau and Rock Island. The project also provides for bank pro- tection, channel improvement, contraction works and dredging to secure a navigable channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide from Baton Rouge to Cairo. Improvements completed under previous project and incorporated in the project are maintained in accordance therewith. The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents May 15,1928 Flood protection in the alluvial valley of the Missis- H. Doec. 90, 70th Cong., 1st sess. June 19, 1930 sippi River; revetment and contraction works and Feb. 15, 1933 dredging to provide least channel depth of 9 feet Apr. 23,1934 and width of 300 feet below Cairo. June 15, 1936 Morganza floodway, outlet west of Berwick, Atcha- House Committee on Flood Con- Aug. 28, 1937 falaya Basin; control of headwater floods, St. Fran- trol Doc. 1, 74th Cong., 1st sess.; June 28, 1938 cis and Yazoo Basins; flood control works along House Committee on Flood Con- Cache River, Ill., roads on levees and drainage ad- trol Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. justments incident to floodway levees. Aug. 18, 1941 Enlargement of main line levees to offset abandon- H. Doec. 359, 77th Cong., 1st sess. ment of floodways between Arkansas and Red Rivers, flood control works in backwater areas of Yazoo and Red Rivers, and in Bayous Rapides, Boeuf and Cocodrie, La. Dec. 22, 1944 Navigation channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide be- H. Doc. 509, 78th Cong., 2d sess. tween Baton Rouge and Cairo; execution of chan- nel improvement and stabilization program; flood control improvement of Yazoo River (lower tribu- taries), and protection of Yazoo River backwater area in vicinity of Satartia. July 24,1946 Improvement of Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and Bayou S. Doe. 151, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Macon. Improvement of Bayou Lafourche___ S. Doe. 191, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Improvement of Yazoo River tributaries and exten- H. Doc. 516, 78th Cong., 2d sess. sion of Yazoo headwater project. North bank Arkansas River levees (below Plum H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Bayou). Levees on White River (Augusta to Clarendon) ..... H. Doc. 98, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Bayou des Glaises diversion channel__ __ - H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Tiptonville-Obion levee and drainage improvements__ H. Doc. 757, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Improvement of St. John's Bayou, Mo- _ _ H. Doc. 138, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Tennessee Chute (Memphis Harbor) ___.______... S. Doc. 51, 80th Cong., 1st sess. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1623 Acts Work authorized Documents June 30, 1948 Improvement of the Mississippi River below Cape H. Doc. 627, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Girardeau, Mo., with respect to west Tennessee tributaries. Improvement of L'Anguille River, Ark _--- H. Doc. 651, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Barge channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide, from H. Doc. 321, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Mississippi River mile 234.5 through Devils Swamp, La. May 17, 1950 Flood protection at Des Are, Ark -. - H. Doc. 485, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Improvement of St. Francis River and Basin, Ark. H. Doc. 132, 81st Cong., 1st sess. and Mo. Improvement of Cache River and Bayou DeView, S. Doc. 88, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Ark. and Mo. Improvement of Grand Prairie region and Bayou H. Doc. 255, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Meto Basin, Ark. Flood protection, Lake Pontchartrain, Jefferson S. Doc. 139, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Parish, La. Filling Grant's Canal, Lake Providence, La.; addi- tional protection to Red River backwater area; extending Federal jurisdiction to cover levees in Orleans Parish, La.; and bank protection, Amite, La. Oct. 30, 1951 Modification of requirements for local cooperation in Pub. Law 237, 82d Cong., 1st sess. the White River backwater area, Arkansas. Sept. 3,1954 Navigation improvement of the Atchafalaya from the S. Doc. 53, 82d Cong., 1st sess. Mississippi River to Morgan City. Modification of project for Vicksburg-Yazoo area, H. Doc. 85, 83d Cong., 1st sess. Mississippi. Improvement in New Madrid floodway, Missouri --H. Doc. 183, 83d Cong., 1st sess. Control of Old and Atchafalaya Rivers and a lock for H. Doc. 478, 83d Cong., 2d sess. navigation. Improvement in Reelfoot Lake area, Kentucky and S. Doc. 160, 83d Cong., 2d sess. Tennessee. Table A lists major Mississippi River improvements included in the existing project; table B lists those on tributaries and outlets; and table C contains data pertinent to dams and reservoirs. TABLE A. Mississippi River improvements Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Head Locality of Passes 230-966 Baton Rouge-Cairo . Dredging where required ...--- 10-966 Venice, La.-Cairo__________ Revetment, contraction work__ 11-25 Baptist Collette Bayou-Ostrica, Main line levee setback, left La. bank. 44-91 Bohemia, La.-New Orleans______ Main line levee and floodwall, left bank. 91-104 New Orleans____________________ do - - - Authorized by Pub- lic Law 516, 81st Cong. 104-230 New Orleans-Baton Rouge ..... _ -do_- 234 Baton Rouge Harbor-...-...... Devils Swamps barge channel___ Authorized by Pub- lic Law 858, 80th Cong. 432 Vicksburg-Yazoo area -_----- Industrial fill and harbor exten- Authorized by Public sion. Law 391, 70th Cong., as modified by Pub- lic Laws 526, 79th Cong., and 780, 83d Cong. 432-718 Vicksburg-Lake View, Miss .-. Main line levee, left bank -....... 718-731 Memphis Harbor___________ Closure, Tennessee Chute; Authorized by Pub- levee; harbor channels, etc. lic Law 526, 79th Cong. 807-878 Tiptonville-Obion River- ..... Main line levee, left bank, levee Do. extension and diversion of Obion River. 1624 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 TABLE A. Mississippi River improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Head Locality of Passes 906-931 Slough Bend-Hickman, Ky-.... Main line levee, left bank........ 10-81 The Jump-New Orleans- ...... Main levee, right bank ........ 81-96 New Orleans_ ....... -----...do.--------------------- Authorized by Pub- lic Law 516, 81st Cong. 96-277 New Orleans-Morganza..........-.....do___ 285-301 Morganza-Old River ...........-.... do------ -----..--------- Extends up South bank of Old River to Barbre Landing. 301-304 Old River closure_..._... ........................ do--------------------- Authorized by Public Law 780, 83d Cong. 304-564 Old River-Cypress Creek, Ark-...... do- .....--.--------------..Joins Arkansas River South bank levee. 600-660 Henrico-Helena, Ark ___.........__ -.. do_....---. . ..---- ... 671-1, 001 St. Francis River-Commerce, Mo .___ do--- __-- 1,008-1, 446 Thebes, Ill.-Rock Island........ Levees, both banks.---------.... Intermittent. 127-129 Bonnet Carre, La., floodway.. Regulating spillway, left bank__ 277-285 Morganza, La., floodway........ Regulating spillway, right bank_ 312 Old River, La., control- ........ Diversion control structures and Authorized by Public navigation lock. Law 780, 83d Cong. 895 St. Johns Bayou, Mo..._........ Drainage floodgate_............. 895 New Madrid floodway, Missouri_ .... do__ ..---- -------.-.. Do. 932 Hickman, Ky.........._........ Floodwall, left bank __......... 895-964 New Madrid-Birds Point, Mo___ Floodway, right bank.... 966 Cairo, Cairo drainage district -. Floodwalls and levees.... TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth ATCHAFALAYA RIVER AND BASIN, LA.(including Morganza, west Atchafalaya, and Atchafalaya floodways) 6 Below Morgan City............. Channel relocation............ Bypass route for Intra- coastal Waterway traffic. 6-18 ..... do .......... .............. Levees, floodwall east of lower Protection of land east Atchafalaya River. of Morgan City. do _____.......-- 6-18 ..... -....-- - - - Levees, floodwall, drainage Protection of inclosed structures, and pumping areas west of Ber- plants. 1 wick. 18 Morgan City..........._...... Lock in Bayou Boeuf -______.. Intracoastal Waterway. 18-133 Morgan City-Mississippi River__ Navigation improvement....... 12' by 125' channel through Grand and Six Mile Lakes. 18-115 Morgan City-Morganza......... Levee, east protection, including Including lower Mor Morgan City floodwall. ganza guide levee. 108-116 Lacour-Red Cross ............. Levee, upper Morganza guide. 81-138 Alabama Bayou-Barbre Land- Levee, east bank Atchafalaya ing. River. 133 Simmesport-Hamburg .......... Levee, fuse plug, west Atchafa- laya floodway. Coulee des Grues__..... .. Levee enlargement and culvert extension. Mansura to Wax Lake Outlet West Atchafalaya Basin pro- and Wax Lake (Outlet to tection levee. Berwick). 107-108 Melville ......................... Levee, ring 133 Simmesport____..__..-_.._._.... Levee, ring and drainage struc- ture. 32 Atchafalaya Bay-Six Mile Lake__ Outlet, Wax Lake-_- 63-133 Bayou Garofler-Simmesport_... Levee, west bank Atchafalaya River. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1625 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth ATCHAFALAYA RIVER AND BASIN, LA.-continued 54 Bayou Sorrel 1_I Lock, Bayou Sorrel............. Plaquemine-M o r g a n City alternate route, Gulf Intra- coastal Waterway. 109 Bayou Latenache-...-......... Drainage structure, Pointe Through upper Mor- Coupee. ganza guide levee. 20 Berwick 1_- __ _----- Lock ...............----....... Lower Atchafalaya River. 26 Patterson-..................._ Water system.........-----..... Adjustment to provide fresh water. 32 Calumet. _------------------ Floodgates___.___.._.._.._..._.. 2 floodgates, Bayou Teche-Wax Lake Outlet. 50 Charenton....-------------.......... Floodgate and approach channel_ Borrow pit channel to Grand Lake through West Atchafalaya protection levee. 96 Bayou Courtableau._.......... Drainage control structures..... 97 Bayou Darbonne .........--- _ Drainage structure___..._.___.._ Through West Atcha- falaya protection levee. 18-81 Morgan City-Alabama Bayou__ Floodway, Atchafalaya Basin-_. 81-115 Alabama Bayou-Mississippi ...-- Floodway, Morganza ........... 81-138 Alabama Bayou-Red River, .. Floodway, West Atchafalaya ..-- 50 Jaws-Lake Fausse Pointe-....... Outlet, Charenton drainage and Restoration of drain- navigation canal protection age west of West levee. Atchafalaya Basin protection levee. 18-54 1Morgan City-Bayou Sorrel Lock_ Alternate channel, Plaquemine- Channel east of East Morgan City alternate route Atchafalaya protec- Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. tion levee. 32 Wax Lake Outlet............... Bridges, railway, and highway-- 95 West Atchafalaya floodway .-_ -.... do_........................ 95 Morganza floodway..__.... .... .... do .......----------------- 107 .....do..._..................... ..... do......------------ 115 -.....do----.....------------------- _---do_ . - -... .---------- BAYOU COURTABLEAU BASIN AND OUTLETS Bayou des Glaises Diversion Channel 0-128 Bayou des Glaises, west Atcha- Diversion channel ...------.... falaya protection levee borrow pit. 0-8 Charenton Canal................ Outlet and navigation channel.. Drainage outlet to Gulf. Bayou Courtableau spillway-.... Drainage control structure-..... Bayous Rapides, Boeuf and Authorized by Public Cocodrie, La.: Law 228, 77th Cong. 0-17 Bayou Cocodrie-------- Enlargement and realinement___ 17-40 Bayous Cocodrie-Boeuf diver- New channel-------------- sion. 40-51 Bayou Boeuf__------ -- .-- ..-.- do----....------------------ .--- 51-60 Bayous Boeuf-Rapides diversion_ .... do------------------------ Bayou Cocodrie 17-42 Upper Cocodrie___ _-___ .... Enlargement, clearing and snag- ging. Bayou Boeuf 87-107 1Bayou Lamourie to Kincaid .... Enlargement, realinement, clear- ing and snagging. 1General data concerning the Bayou Boeuf, Bayou Sorrel, and Berwick locks where the Atchafalaya Basin protection levees cross the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, the alternate route to Plaquemine, La.. and the lower Atchafalaya River (extension of Bayou Teche Waterway) respectively, are given in the report on improvement of Rivers and Harbors in the New Orleans district. 1626 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth I i I BAYOU COURTABLEAU BASIN AND OUTLETS-continued Structures 40 Lecompte control structure_ __. Fixed elevation structure ..-- 60 Bayou Rapides control structure_ Gated structure 87 Bayou Lamourie control struc- ._-do --..- ture. Various--___ _ - Railway, highway, and local road bridges and pipeline crossings. LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, LA. Lake Pontchartrain, Jefferson Flood protection _-- Authorized by Public. Parish, La. Law 516, 81st Cong. AMITE RIVER, LA. Amite River, La____________ Bank protection_-_..--- - Do. RED RIVER, LA. 82-145 Moncla-Hotwells ___________ Levee, south bank---------- RED RIVER BACKWATER Tensas-Cocodrie area ._. ...- Levees, drainage channels, and structures. OUACHITA RIVER, LA. 56 Jonesville, La_____________ Levees, floodwall pumping Portion of levee built plant, and interior drainage under sec. 6, Public structures. Law 391, 70th Cong., F. C. G. project authorized by Public Law 738, 74th Cong., Public Law 516, 81st Cong., places project under F. C. M. R. & T. (Sen. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess). 99-178 Monroe-Sandy Bayou.......... Levees, left bank_____ Intermittent, author- ized by sec. 6 of May 15, 1928, act. 177 Bawcomville, La_________ Levees, culverts, floodgates, and Work being accom- and pumping stations and plished under sec. temporary flapgates. 6 of May 15, 1928, act. BOEUF AND TENSAS BASINS, Authorized by Public LA. AND ARK. Law 534, 78th Cong., and Public Law 526, 79th Cong. BOEUF RIVER 0-32 .............................. Clearing -... ....... .......... Public Law 516, 81st Cong., modifies re- quirements of local cooperation. 151-233 Above Bayou Lafourche..... Enlargement and realinement___ Canals 19, 43, and 81 and Big Channel improvement-......... Bayou. Bayou Lafourche, La. 0-63 Boeuf River (mile 32) to and Channel improvement and re- Do. through Bayou Lafourche to alinement. Boeuf River (mile 151). Big and Colewa Creek 0-26 ... Ta Ri............................. Clearing, snagging, and realine- ment. 26-89 Enlargement, realinement....... Tensas River 61-160 Channel improvement-.......... Do. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1627 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth BOEUF RIVER-continued Bayou Macon 0-170 To mouth of Ditch Bayou ..-- Clearing and snagging .-------- 123 Upper end Sandy Lake.....-- Levee- . ------ 120 Small outlet, right bank ....... Closure_- - 127 ..... do___------------ do ----------------- ----- .- Structures Various .._______. ........- Railway and highway bridges and pipeline crossings. GRANT'S CANAL, LA. 0-0. 2 Grant's Canal at Lake Provi- Filling canal.................- Authorized by Public dence. Law 516, 81st Cong. ARKANSAS RIVER AND BASIN, ARK. 23-98 Yancopin-Pine Bluff -....------ Levee, south bank_- 35-98 Fletcher Bend, Ark. to Pine Revetment------ Bluff. 48-102 North Little Rock to Gillett Levee, north bank ............. (below Plum Bayou). Grand Prairie Region and Water supply and drainage im- Do. Bayou Meto Basin, Ark. provements. YAZOO RIVER AND BASIN, MISS. 0-381 Yazoo River, below Arkabutla Channel improvement ....... Including Tallahat- Dam. chie azd Cogyater Rivers. 0-64 Yalobusha River, below Gren- .....do ...................-- --. ada Dam. 0-13 Yocona River, below Enid Dam_ ...do.. Above Panola-Quit- man floodway. 0-26 Little Tallahatchie River, be- .....do_-------------------- Do. low Sardis Dam. 0-88 Cassidy Bayou, below Old Cold- -.....do ... -..........-..... Including Moores water River. Bayou, Cutoff Bayou, Whiting Lake and outlet. 75-366 Yazoo River below Prichard, Levee, right bank_--.---------- Intermittent. Miss. 75-345 Yazoo River, between Yazoo Levees, left bank__-_. __- Do. City and Askew. 0-24 Tallahatchie River-Little Talla- Levees, Panola-Quitman flood- hatchie River. way. 0-75 Lower Yazoo River- ......... Levees and pumping plants-... Backwater and flood control. 75-381 Area between Yazoo-Tallahat- Levees and channel improve- Authorized by Public chie-Coldwater River system ment. Law 526, 79th Cong. and the hills, including Bobo Bayou. McKinney Bayou.-____ Channel improvement or en- Do. largement of pumping plant. BIG SUNFLOWER RIVER, ETC. 0-212 Big Sunflower River -.. ...--- Channel improvement......... Authorized by Public 0-11 Hull Brake-Mill Creek Canal_ . ....do- _- Law 526, 79th Cong.; 14-27 Hushpuckena River ------ do--------------------------- Public Law 516, 81st 0-66 Quiver River_- - - - .. . d o-..... -_ - - -- - -- -- - Cong., modifies re- 6-20 quirements of local 30-46 jBogue Phalia- --...- -- -_---- .. do -.. cooperation. 0-4 Ditchlow Bayou_ -_do _ -- 0-27 Little Sunflower River . ----- 154-160 Deer Creek - - __---------- ---- 0-70 Steele Bayou___- _- d o-- --- - - - - - - - - - -- - - -- - - - - - -. 1628 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth LOWER WHITE RIVER AND BASIN, ARK. 18-50 Laconia Circle-Old Town Lake_ Levee, backwater including out- Mile 600-740 Missis- let structures. sippi River. 100-220 Augusta to Clarendon ..........Levees, outlet structures-....... 125 DeValls Bluff____._________ __ Levee, outlet structure and pumping station. 147 Des Arc, Ark......_...... ......--------- ....do---------- Authorized by Public Law 516, 81st Cong. 0-196 Cache River, Ark____ ____.__ Channel improvement and Do. structures. 0-90 Bayou DeView, Ark-_ ___ -.-- do __........--------------- Do. ST. FRANCIS RIVER AND BASIN, ARK. AND MO. 0-305 Mouth of St. Francis River- Floodway, levees, drainage Wappapello Dam. channels and structures. 0-105 Little River Basin........... -..... do ------------- 15-36 Tyronza River _ Channel improvement ......... 155 Marked Tree, Ark .___.. .___. M arked T ree Siphon .... ...... 0-29 Big Slough Ditch_.......______ Channel improvement ........ 0-17 Mayo Ditch ............--------------- .---- .....do------------------- 0-12 Cross County Ditch..........._ ._.---do--------------- ^ ^^ L'Anguille River, Ark. U-60 .... --------------------- ---------------------- Authorized by Public Law 858, 80th Cong. WEST TENNESSEE TRIBUTARIES 0-81 Obion River and tributary -- -- _-_do-- - - - ---- - - --......... - Do. North, South, Middle, and Rutherford Forks. 0-75 Forked Deer River and tribu- Do. tary North, Middle, and South Forks. REELFOOT LAKE AREA, KY. AND TENN. 0-20 Running Reelfoot Bayou, Tenn_ _-_ do -... Authorized by Public Law 780, 83d Cong. 0-16 Bayou du Chien, Ky. and Tenn_ _ -- do.....do Do. ST. JOHNS BAYOU, MO. 0-11 New Madrid-Sikeston Ridge -. Levee and floodgate .......----------- Mile 895, Mississippi River. LITTLE RIVER DIVERSION CHANNEL Delta to Ancell, Mo...__________... Levees___.....____- --_____..- . Mile 50 above Cairo. MISSOURI RIVER, MO. 0-28 Mouth to St. Charles, Mo-...... -- ._ do_ ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. 0-120 Mouth to Havana, Ill...-_____._ ____.. do_ _------------------ Intermittent (sec. 6). OHIO RIVER, ILL. AND KY. Cairo to Cache River-........_ Floodwall, levee, and revetment MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1629 TABLE C. Mississippi River tributary dams and reservoirs Name 1 --------- __ _ __________ Grenada Enid Lis al Arkabutla Wappapello River-_ __- _ ------------------ Yalobusha Yocona lahatchie Coldwater 2 St. Francis 2 Nearest town to dam site __..... _ Grenada Enid Sardis Arkabutla Wappapello Drainage area- ..... square miles__ 1, 320 560 1, 545 1, 000 1,310 Conservation pool: Area __ _ _..... thousapd acres__ 10 6 10 5 5 Volume -_-thousand acre-feet__ 86 58 92 31 39 Elevation __feet, mean sea level__ 193 230 235 210 355 Flood control pool: Area--------- . thousand acres _ 65 28 58 33 23 Volume......thousand acre-feet__ 1, 252 602 1, 478 494 586 Runoff_--------- ------- inches_ 17. 8 20. 2 18. 0 9. 3 8. 4 Outlet gates: Number ..............------------------ 3 2 4 3 3 Size------- ----------- feet__ 7.5 x 14 8 x 16 6 x 12 8. 5 x 19 10 x 20 Capacity, thousand cubic feet per second__ 10. 0 9. 4 10. O0 10. O0 18. 0 Spillway: Type, uncontrolled_-------------- Chute Chute Chute Chute Gravity Length ---------------- feet 200 200 400 300 740 Elevation, crest, feet, mean sea level-............ 231 268 282 239 395 Discharge capacity, thousand cubic feet per second_ 52 50 132 89 156 Surcharge pool: Area ..--..-. thousand acres__ 106 41 90 63 32 Volume- ... thousand acre-feet__ 1, 385 554 1, 447 858 521 Runoff___--------------inches__ 19. 7 18. 5 17. 6 16. 1 7. 5 Elevation __feet, mean sea level__ 247. 5 284. 0 301. 6 257. 0 414. 0 Dam: Type, earthfll . ..-------------------Rolled Rolled Hydraulic Rolled Rolled Length --------. thousand feet 13. 9 8. 4 15. 3 10. 0 2. 7 Elevation, crest, feet, mean sea level_ 256. O0 293. 0 312. 0 265. 0 420. 0 1 Grenada, Enid, Sardis, and Arkabutla Reservoirs are in Yazoo River Basin, Miss.; Wappapello Reser- voir is in St. Francis River Basin, Mo. 2 Subtract 0.6 from elevations for Sardis, 0.3 for Wappapello, and 0.7 for Arkabutla to correct for 1941 and 1944 adjustments. Projectcost. The total authorized cost, including the modifications authorized by the act of September 3, 1954, is $1,327,679,600, including maintenance charges through August 18, 1941. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $15,000,000. Recommendation concerning the project. The Mississippi River Commission submitted to the Chief of Engineers a report dated Sep- tember 10, 1954 (S. Doc. 15, 84th Cong., 1st sess.), which recommended that no change be made in the method of settlement of claims for damages to crops by reason of the application of the herbicide 2,4-D for weed and brush control in the Morganza floodway and that pay- ment of the remaining unpaid claims in excess of $1,000 which are found to be justifiable, be authorized when and as they are submitted to the Congress. It was estimated that the total probable crop losses will not exceed $400,000. References to published articles not previously reported. a. Pamphlet entitled "The Mississippi River Commission Reports to Mississippi," by Brig. Gen. John R. Hardin, president, Mississippi River Commission, September 1954, Report to Mississippi Agricul- tural and Industrial Board. b. Article entitled "Seventy-five Years on the Mississippi," by Leo O. Colbert, member, Mississippi River Commission, printed in "Mili- tary Engineer," November-December 1954. 1630 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 c. Article entitled "Stabilizing the Mississippi's Banks," by John Goodrum, chief, technical liaison branch, Mississippi River Commis- sion, printed in "World Construction," May-June 1955. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, stated that, in view of the great expenditure, estimated at approximately $292,000,000, heretofore made by the local interests in the alluvial valley of the Mississippi for protection against the floods of that river; in view of the extent of National concern in the control of these floods in the interest of National prosperity, the flow of interstate commerce, and the movement of the United States mails and in view of the gigantic scale of the project involving flood waters of a volume and flowing from a drainage area largely outside the States most affected and far exceeding those of any other river in the United States, no local contribution to the project is required. Re- quirements of local cooperation however are stipulated in section 3 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended. Such requirements have in general been complied with by local interests as construction of the project has advanced. Terminal facilities. See volume 1 of the 4-volume report of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, entitled "Survey of Terminals and Landings on the Inland Waterways of the United States" and Port Series for New Orleans, La., No. 20, 1947, and Lake Charles, La., No. 21, 1947, also folio of Flood Control and Navigation Maps of the Mississippi River, Cairo, Ill., to the Gulf of Mexico (22d edition), 1954. OPERATIONS AND RESULTS DURING FISCAL YEAR Commission activities. The 244th session of the Commission was held on board the U. S. steamer Mississippi en route on Mississippi River from Cairo, Ill., to Baton Rouge, and on board the U. S. steamer General John Newton from Baton Rouge, to New Orleans, La., October 5-12, 1954. The 75th anniversary of the Mississippi River Commission was observed en route during the 244th session, with appropriate ceremonies being held at Cairo, Ill., Memphis, Tenn., and Vicksburg, Miss. The 245th session was held on board the U. S. steamer Mississippien route on the Mississippi River from Cairo, Ill., to Baton Rouge, La., May 2-7, 1955. On the river trips, major fea- tures of the project were inspected and public hearings were held, at which representatives of local governmental agencies, navigation, levee, commercial, and other interests presented problems pertaining to flood control and navigation. The pending review report on the overall project was briefly discussed during the sessions. The follow- ing inspection trips by automobile were made during the 245th ses- sion: on May 2 the Tiptonville-Obion, Tenn., levee extension project, including drainage aspects; on May 4, the St. Francis Basin project, Madison to Marianna, Ark., including sites of future work; and on May 6 areas within the Fifth Louisiana and Tensas Basin levee dis- tricts in the vicinity of Tallulah, Ferriday, Clayton, and Monroe, La. (during this inspection, a public hearing was held at the courthouse at Tallulah). In addition to these inspection trips, members of the Commission inspected major flood control and navigation improvements under MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1631 the jurisdiction of the Commission and reviewed and acted on the report entitled "Review of Reports, Mississippi River and Tribu- taries to Determine the Crop Damage From the Use of Herbicide 2,4-D, May-June 1953 at Morganza Floodway, Louisiana," dated September 10, 1954 (S. Doc. 15, 84th Cong., 1st sess.). Work has been initiated on a comprehensive review of the existing project in response to a resolution by the Committee on Public Works of the United States Senate, adopted June 12, 1954, which authorized a review of the project for flood control of the Mississippi River in its alluvial valley and for its improvement from the Head of Passes to Cape Girardeau, Mo., as one comprehensive whole and in its en- tirety, and submission of recommendations for any modifications that are advisable with respect to the project or any feature of the project. This review will cover the need for navigation improvements on the main stem, the adequacy and cost of flood control features of the project and the coordination of these features with the plans of other Federal and State agencies for the development and conservation of water resources and uses in the Mississippi alluvial valley. Twelve public hearings have been held by the Memphis, Vicksburg, and New Orleans district engineers in the States of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee to ascertain the desires of local interests. The assistance of other Federal and State agencies inter- ested in the development and conservation of the water resources of the Mississippi River alluvial valley have also been requested and obtained. These agencies include the United States Departments of Agriculture, Interior, Commerce, and Health, Education, and Welfare and agencies of the States of Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee. It is planned to prepare an interim report in 1957 on Mississippi River navigation and flood control to be followed by the comprehensive report covering all features of the project in the alluvial valley. The president, Mississippi River Commission, and his engineering assistants made periodic inspections of flood control, navigation, and related works under the existing project along the Mississippi River and tributaries in the alluvial valley from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to the Gulf of Mexico. No major floods occurred during the fiscal year but through the combined efforts of local authorities and Federal personnel, close contact with minor and local flood situations was maintained and operations were carried out efficiently. Surveys, gages, and observations. Routine hydrographic surveys of the river between Head of Passes and Cairo, construction and special surveys and inspections were made as required. Gages were maintained and discharge observations made. Results thereof are presented in detail in annual pamphlets issued by the Mississippi River Commission. Alluvial alley mapping. Preparation and publication of con- toured maps of the alluvial valley and quadrangle maps (scale 1: 62,- 500) were continued. On the new 16-sheet, scale 1:250,000 map of the alluvial valley of the lower Mississippi, the compilation has been completed on 6 sheets preparatory to review and printing, and 4 other sheets are in various stages of compilation. The 1954 (22d) edition of the folio of flood control and navigation maps, scale 1: 62,500, 363037-55-vol. 2-103 1632 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 covering the Mississippi River from Cairo, Ill., to the Gulf of Mexico (with small scale navigation charts of the middle Mississippi), was printed. The 1955 (23d) edition of the folio is under preparation. Work accomplished in the districts follows: New Orleans district. Revised editions of eight quadrangles (Loreauville, Jeanerette, Belle Isle, Batchelor, Fordoche, New Or- leans, Osca Bayou, and Artonish) have been published. Two new quadrangles, Thibodaux and Hahnville, are in the process of repro- duction at Army Map Service. Manuscript preparation for four remapped quadrangles (Opelousas, Rigolets, Chef Menteur, and Bonnet Carre) is in progress. Color separation drawings for the remapped quadrangles of Morgan City, Odenburg, and St. Bernard are practically complete. Vicksburg district. Editions of four new quadrangles (McCarley, Oakland, Water Valley, and Coffeeville) and a revised edition of the Milestop quadrangle were published. Color separation drawings are practically complete on the McGehee and Lake Village remapped quadrangles. Eight remapped quadrangles (Sicily Island, Eudora, Philipp, Greenwood, Seven Pines, Lexington, Winnsboro, and Shackleford Lake) are in various stages of compilation, four of these being compiled by contract. Memphis district. A new edition of the Mason quadrangle and seven revised editions (Henrico, Indian Bay, Horseshoe Lake, Charleston, Mellwood, Clayton, and Bayouville quadrangles) were published. Eight remapped quadrangle manuscripts (Wickliffe, Hayti, Tilton, Malden, Piggott, Kennett, Valley Ridge, and Pascola) were completed. Color separation drawings for four remapped quadrangles (Cairo, Thebes, Hickman, and Wickliffe) are practically complete. The remapped quadrangles of New Madrid, Edmondson, Park Place, Memphis, Blytheville, Farrell, Latour, Manila, Reelfoot Lake, Caruthersville, Evadale, Marked Tree, Deckerville, and Port- ageville, are being reproduced by Army Map Service. A contract for the compilation of new planimetry on 12 quadrangles located in the White River and St. Francis River Basins, awarded fiscal year 1951, is approximately 60 percent complete. Compilation has been started on 4 additional quadrangles. MISSISSIPPI RIVER--CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT Dredging. A total of 38,446,741 cubic yards of material was dredged in the Mississippi River Channel in the 3 districts, whereby minimum depth of 9 feet was maintained except for 2 days, Septem- ber 14 and 15, 1954 at Osage Orange Upper Crossing, mile 928 AHP where 81/ feet existed. Dredge plant operated as follows: New Orleans district-None required, Vicksburg district--One Govern- ment-owned dustpan and one small cutterhead, Memphis district-- Four Government-owned dustpans and one leased cutterhead. In addition to dredging, channel patrols and surveys were made as re- quired; navigation notices issued; navigation aids maintained; snags, wrecks, and obstructions removed; liaison contact pilot service with commercial navigation was maintained; channel conditions were broadcast by radio; and velocity data were furnished at troublesome reaches. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1633 Dredging by districts was as follows: and Govern- location Number of Times Cubic yards District and location ment-owned or leased locations dredged dredged New Orleans .... -------------------------- None -----.. None None None Vicksburg: Mississippi River between mile 320 AHP Go v e r n - 12 14 7, 288, 930 and 593 AHP. m e n t - owned. Private dock mile 504 AHP _____----------------do...... 1 1 161, 019 Memphis: Mississippi River between mile 593 AHP -.... do---- ...... 37 62 24, 923, 338 and 964 AHP. Do .. .. Leased-..--... ......------------.........-----------------. 6 9 4, 916, 121 Sunrise Towhead Chute, mile 775 AHP .... do .....-- 1------ 1 1, 157, 333 (improvement). Costs for this work are given in table G. Authorized harbors: New Orleans district. Baton Rouge Harbor extension (Devils Swamp Canal)-No work done. Viccsburg district. Vicksburg-Yazoo industrial area (harbor ex- tension) -No work done. Memphis district. Tennessee Chute (Memphis Harbor), Tenn.- The contract for construction of Nonconnah Creek sewer extension was completed November 2, 1954. A contract was awarded November 18, 1954, for the clearing and grubbing of about 380 acres of the in- dustrial site area, and is about 97 percent complete. The project as a whole is about 60 percent complete. Wolf River (Memphis Harbor)-See report on the improvement of rivers and harbors in the Memphis district. Costs for project work are given in table G. Ban/k protection. A total of 29.6 miles of new bank revetment were constructed, increasing the total operative work to 311 miles. A summary by districts follows: Fiscal year 1955 District New work Maintenance MISSISSIPPI RIVER Miles Squares New Orleans ------------------------------------------------ 5. 7 13, 829 Vicksburg .........-------------------------------------------------- . 8. 2 18, 996 Memphis..-------------------------------------------------- 15. 7 60,169 Data concerning the work are shown by districts in tables D-1 through D-3. Costs for this work are given in table G. MISSISSIPPI RIVER-LEVEES Levees. Work included restoration and enlargement of levees to project grade and cross section, installation of levee wavewash pro- tection works in the New Orleans district, construction of roadway embankments adjacent to the crown of the levees in the Vicksburg and Memphis districts, and placing of clay gravel on roadway em- 1634 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 bankment in the Vicksburg district. Work by districts is shown below: Fiscal year 1955 May 15, Roadway Wavewash Gravel on District 1928 act- New work Restoration embank- section ment protection roadway MISSISSIPPI RIVER Cubic yards Miles Miles Miles Miles New Orleans- 1 ... .Sec. 189, 000 . ..... 1.4 Vicksburgdo----------------------- 2, 674, 000 69. 4 7. 6- __-------_ 9 Memphis------------------ do 3, 648, 000 11.0 8. 5-------- St. Louis ---------------- Sec. 6 . Rock Island......----------------...do .. 41, 000. For breakdown of the above levee work, see tables E-1 through E-4. Costs for levee work during the fiscal year are given in table G. Bonnet Carre spillway, Louisiana. (See pp. 2089-2091, Annual Report for 1938.) Flood stages did not necessitate operation of the spillway. Maintenance work, by hired labor forces, consisted of French clearing of approximately 13 acres and spraying stumps, weeds, and new growth to improve flowage. The spillway structure and guide levees were maintained as required. Old River control structuwres and navigation lock, Louisiana. Work consisted of preliminary engineering work as follows: Preload fills were constructed and pile loading tests conducted for the low-sill and overbank structures. Design memoranda were prepared on real estate, hydraulic analysis, preload fills, pile loading tests, Old River regula- tion, low-sill structure, overbank structure, and outlet channel for the low-sill structure. Design memoranda are being prepared on the levee, Old River closure dam, and lock size and type. Contract plans and specifications for the low-sill structure have been completed. MISSISSIPPI RIVER FLOODWAYS AND OUTLETS New Orleans district Atchafalaya Basin (including Morganza, West Atchafalaya, and Atchafalaya floodways). a. Protection and river levees. Levee enlargement on the east and west protection levee system was continued, and gap closures were effected at Melville ring levee on the Atchafalaya River, at Bayou Boeuf in the east protection levee, and at Bayous Blue and Possum in the west protection levee. In the Atchafalaya Basin and floodway approximately 0.4 mile of levee was constructed and 28.6 miles enlarged or topped. Hired labor forces constructed 1,072 linear feet of levee during the period December 4, 1954, to February 24, 1955, to close existing gaps in the upper and lower Morganza floodway guide levees in the vicinity of the control structure. Moving control structure office building with appurtenances, con- struction of power line, water well, and water distribution system, and miscellaneous work were accomplished by contract during the period December 21, 1954, to June 16, 1955. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1635 Degrading the forebay levee was initiated, by contract, on May 5, 1955. This work involves excavation of approximately 525,000 cubic yards over a distance of 11,150 linear feet of main lne Mississippi River levee and is approximately 96 percent complete. b. Bayou Courtableaudrainage structure and outlet channel. Con- struction of Bayou Courtableau drainage structure, at Bayou Cour- tableau in the West Atchafalaya Basin protection levee, was initiated with work accomplished as follows: Under a contract for construction of the outlet channel, work was commenced on December 1, 1954, and approximately 1,300,000 cubic yards were excavated, making the con- tract 51 percent complete. Construction of the drainage structure was initiated on May 2, 1955, and is approximately 17 percent complete. Excavation for structures and placing semicompacted fill have been completed. Excavation for approach channel, installation of foundation drains, and construction of culvert barrels are in progress. c. Bayou Boeuf lock. At Bayou Boeuf lock the following work was accomplished : Closure of Bayou Boeuf, phase 1, commenced on August 25, 1954, and was completed on December 22, 1954, with approximately 242,796 cubic yards of fill placed. Completion dredging of the ap- proaches was initiated on April 1, 1955, and completed on May 13, 1955, with the excavation of 335,953 cubic yards. The lock was opened to navigation on September 2, 1954. d. Tiger Island pumping station. Construction of Tiger Island pumping station was initiated on January 10, 1955, and completed on May 23, 1955. Interior drainage west of Berwick. Work in connection with in- terior drainage west of Berwick was accomplished as follows: Con- struction of Wax Lake east drainage structure, initiated on January 4, 1954, was completed on December 18, 1954. Construction of Bayou Yokely pumping station was initiated on July 13, 1954. Pumps for this station, furnished under supply contracts, have been installed and the structure is substantially complete. Miscellaneous minor items such as dressing and cleanup remain to be completed. e. High-level railroads and highways. (1) Atchafalaya and West Atchafalaya floodways. Construction of the high-level crossing over the West Atchafalaya floodway from Krotz Springs to Courtableau was continued under a reimbursable contract with the New Orleans, Texas & Mexico Railway Company. Approximately 142,600 cubic yards of compacted fill were placed completing the embankment on September 7, 1954. The trestle sec- tion was completed on September 11, 1954. Placing of ballast, track work, signals and telegraph lines was also accomplished. Traffic was routed over the new line on December 8, 1954. A reimbursable contract was entered into with the State of Louisi- ana, Department of Highways, for the design and construction of a high-level crossing for U. S. Highway No. 190 between Krotz Springs and Courtableau. The Department of Highways is now engaged in the preparation of plans and specifications for accomplishment of this work. (2) hMIorganza floodway, Louisiana. Construction was continued on State Highway No. 30 crossing the control structure under a reim- 1636 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 bursable contract with the State of Louisiana, Department of High- ways. The new highway was opened to traffic on August 30, 1954, and all work required for completion of the approach embankments and temporary surfacing was completed on September 22, 1954. During the period February 14 to June 16, 1955, deferred construc- tion consisting of resurfacing portions of tracks and replacing ballast was accomplished on the Texas & Pacific main line track crossing the floodway between McNeely and Red Cross, La., under a reimbursable contract with the railway company. Exchange agreements covering relocations of highways and rail- roads, and exchange agreements covering telephone and telegraph lines and other utilities, have all been prepared and forwarded to the various companies for review and approval. f. Land acquisition and flowage easements. The acquisition of flowage easements in the West Atchafalaya floodway (including ex- tension of the floodway) is complete, except for processing Depart- ment of Justice requirements in connection with condemnation cases. In the Atchafalaya floodway below the latitude of Krotz Springs, acquisition of flowage easements for the project, "Bayou Chene and vicinity," is complete, except for making of final payments by the Department of Justice for 7 tracts in condemnation, or the equivalent of 88 percent complete. Acquisition of flowage easements in connec- tion with the project, "Lands below the latitude of Krotz Springs," is approximately 25 percent complete. (All tracts in this project on which claims have been filed by property owners have been ap- praised. Negotiations to secure options during fiscal year have failed since landowners have refused to sign due to easement values presently assigned these tracts.) Acquisition of all lands for the construction of Bayou Boeuf lock has been completed, except for final payment on one tract in condemnation. One fee tract is involved in connection with Bayou Courtableau control structure. Title has been acquired and final papers remain to be forwarded to Office, Chief of Engineers. All other lands required for the inlet and outlet channels, including relocation of utilities, are being acquired by local levee boards, subject to reimbursement by the United States. All rights-of-way have been acquired by the levee boards and made available for construction. Acquisition of comprehensive easements over lands in the Morganza floodway is complete, except for payment of one tract in condemnation. Acquisition of the new cemetery sites is complete, and title to these lands has been conveyed by the contractor to the church organizations involved. Activities in connection with processing final papers on cemetery relocations are 95 percent complete. A tchafalaya River, La. Maintenance dredging to improve flow was accomplished, by contract, between miles 54.7 and 57.7 during the period August 10, 1954, to November 6, 1954, with approximately 2,921,775 cubic yards excavated. Approximately 5,400 linear feet of bank protection work was con- structed at mile 4.0 (below mouth of Red River) by hired labor dur- ing the period October 26, 1954, to November 30, 1954. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1637 BAYOU COURTABLEAU BASIN AND OUTLETS Charenton drainage and navigation canal, La. Enlargement of Charenton drainage canal at the New Iberia & Northern (Missouri Pacific) Railroad bridge commenced on March 28, 1955, and was completed on April 20, 1955, with the excavation of 78,730 cubic yards. Alterations of bridge were commenced, under a reimbursable contract, on March 15, 1955, and are substantially complete. Acquisition of comprehensive easements over all lands required in connection with these features of the project is complete. Rights-of- way required for enlargement of the canal were furnished by local interests, subject to reimbursement by the United States. Bayous Rapides, Bocuf and Cocodrie, La. No construction was accomplished. Condition surveys were made as required during the fiscal year. LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, LA. Lake Pontchartrain,Jefferson Parish,La. A total of 701,362 cubic yards of fill was placed in the levee system, by contract, during the period July 1, 1954, to November 12, 1954. Construction of retain- ing dikes for placement of additional hydraulic fill was initiated, by contract, on June 13, 1955. Approximately 17,000 linear feet of levee toe protection were constructed with 35,420 tons of broken concrete, by contract. RED RIVER BASIN, LA., AND ARK. (Including Black and Ouachita Rivers and tributary, Boeuf and Tensas Rivers) New; Orleans district: South bank Red River levees, Louisiana. No construction was ac- complished during the fiscal year. Maintenance of the levee system, by hired labor forces, consisted of rainwash restoration over approxi- mately 2,161 linear feet of levee during the period November 10, 1954, to December 2, 1954. Vicksburg district: Red River backwater levees, La. Work under contract for construc- tion of 19.6 miles of new levee, between Dunbarton and the main line Mississippi River levees near Lake St. John was completed October 1, 1954. Operations during the fiscal year comprised the placement of 61,540 cubic yards of embankment, appurtenant drainage structures, and 1,294 linear feet of road relocation and gravel surfacing. Resto- ration of completed levees was accomplished. Work under contract for construction of a levee setback above New Era on the Black River was initiated June 13, 1955, and is 62 percent complete. Operations during the fiscal year comprised the placement of 123,095 cubic yards of embankment. Work under contract for the construction of flood- wall and walkway bridge over the Bayou Cocodrie drainage struc- ture was initiated June 15, 1955, and is 11 percent complete. Work under contract for construction of the Buckner Bayou diversion was initiated October 25, 1955, and is 76 percent complete. The Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure is being operated. 1638 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Bawcomville, La. Work under contract for construction of two pumping stations and modification of floodgates was initiated October 19, 1954, and is 35 percent complete. Boeuf and Tensas Basins, La. and Ark. Preparation of plans and specifications, surveys, and studies are continuing. Channel improve- ment continued as follows: (1) Bayou Lafourche, La.: Under reimbursable contract, construc- tion of new U. S. Highway No. 80 Bridge is in progress. Rearrange- ment and alteration of 1 telephone line at mile 34.5 was completed July 7, 1954. (2) Boeuf River, La. and Ark.: Work under contract for channel enlargement and realinement in reach 1, mile 155.6 to mile 165.3, was initiated August 17, 1953, and completed December 6, 1954. Opera- tions during the fiscal year comprised 1,385,650 cubic yards of excava- tion. Work under 1 contract for channel enlargement in reach 3, mile 174.0 to mile 183.0 and in reach 4, mile 183.0 to mile 196.1, was con- tinued and is 94 percent complete. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 7,612,651 cubic yards of excavation. Reimbursable con- tract has been consummated for alteration of county bridge at mile 200.7 in reach 5. Reimbursable contract for alteration of U. S. High- way No. 82 Bridge at mile 224.1, in reach 6, is under review. (3) Big Bayou, Ark.: Work under contract for channel enlarge- ment and channel cleanout between miles 8.0 and 17.7 was initiated October 13, 1954, and is 77 percent complete. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 244,072 cubic yards of excavation, and 7.3 miles of channel cleanout. ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN Arkansas River levees, Ark.: Enlargement of 5.4 miles of levees on the north bank was completed and 6.6 miles of north bank levees were restored. YAZOO BASIN, MISS. Yazoo Basin headwater,Mississippi: (1) Sardis Reservoir. (See table C.) The facility was operated, necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant structures were made, and malaria control operations in the reservoir area were continued. Work under contract for asphalt surfacing of access roads in the vicin- ity of the dam was completed November 10, 1954; hired labor work in connection therewith was completed December 16, 1954. Restoration of the Teckville, Coontown, and Hurricane Landing Roads was initi- ated by hired labor October 25, 1954, and completed February 2, 1955. Cleanout of the channel of Buford Creek was initiated by hired labor September 9, and completed December 10, 1954. A total of 250,000 pine seedlings was planted by hired labor. There were 561,000 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1954, 265,000 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1954 flood season, and by November 8, 1954, the flood pool was emptied. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir during the storm period was 269.2 feet mean sea level, on May 2, 1955, when flood con- trol storage was 844,200 acre-feet. Peak inflow was about 90,000 cubic feet per second on March 23, 1955. Average daily releases, varied to MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1639 accord with inflow and downstream river stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of 4,300 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1955, 658,500 acre-feet remained in the flood control pool. (2) Arkabutla Reservoir. (See table C.) The facility was oper- ated, necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant structures were made, and malaria control operations in the reservoir area were carried out. Raising of the Arkabutla road to the dam was initiated by hired labor October 25, and completed December 5, 1954. A total of 250,000 pine seedlings was planted by hired labor. There were 95,000 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1954, 61,600 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1954 flood season, and by November 5, 1954, the flood pool was emptied. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir, 233.3 feet mean sea level, was reached April 22, 1955, when flood control storage was 329,400 acre-feet. Peak inflow was about 47,000 cubic feet per second on April 13, 1955. Average daily reservoir releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream river stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of 4,800 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1955, 127,400 acre-feet remained in the flood control pool. (3) Enid Reservoir. (See table C.) The facility was operated and necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant structures were made. A total of 250,000 pine seedlings was planted by hired labor. There were 135,000 visitor-days for recreation. Construction of access roads in the Long Branch and Point Pleas- ant areas and at Water Valley Landing was initiated by hired labor December 7, 1954, and completed May 5, 1955. On July 1, 1954, 114,400 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1954 flood season, and by November 15, 1954, the flood pool was emptied. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir was 258.9 feet mean sea level on April 27, 1955, when flood control storage was 377,800 acre-feet. Peak inflow was about 56,000 cubic feet per second on March 22, 1955. Average daily reservoir releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream river stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of 1,500 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1955, 321,600 acre-feet remained in the flood control pool. There are 44,133 acres of land authorized for acquisition in the dam and reservoir areas. Acquisition is complete except for four tracts on which stipulations have been reached with the owners as to just compensation. (4) Grenada Reservoir. (See table C.) Work under contract for construction and asphalt surfacing of access roads at the dam was initiated August 30, and completed November 13, 1954. Construction of access roads at Old Orchard Bay and Carver Point was initiated by hired labor August 4, and completed December 3, 1954. Construc- tion of access roads connecting the existing south access road to recre- ational areas adjacent to the reservoir, was initiated by hired labor July 16, and completed October 22, 1954. Construction of access roads providing access for reservoir maintenance and to recreational areas adjacent to the reservoir, was initiated by hired labor October 14, 1954, and completed June 30, 1955. A total of 250,000 pine seedlings was planted by hired labor. 1640 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 There were 162,500 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1954, 124,000 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1954 storm season, and by August 12, 1954, the flood pool was emptied. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir was 223.0 feet mean sea level on April 28, 1955, when flood control storage was 801,700 acre-feet. Peak inflow was about 86,000 cubic feet per second on March 22, 1955. Average daily reservoir releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream river stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of 3,500 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1955, 546,200 acre-feet remained in the flood control pool. There are 89,181 acres of land authorized for acquisition in the dam and reservoir areas. Acquisition is complete except for 37 tracts in condemnation now pending before Federal courts. (5) Greenwood protection works. Maintenance of the completed levees and operation and maintenance of floodgates and pumping sta- tion were continued. (6) Belzoni protection works. Preparation of plans and specifica- tions was continued. (7) Lower auxiliary channel. Preparation of plans and specifi- cations was completed for construction of the lower 7 miles, and continued for the reach between mile 7.0 and U. S. Highway No. 49-W. (8) Yazoo City protection works. Work under contract for con- struction of storm drainage pumping station, and sanitary sewage pumping station was initiated October 1, 1954, and is 24 percent complete. 1 (9) Channel improvements. No work was done. (10) Channel maintenance. The following operations were accom- plished as maintenance: (a) Coldwater River: Ammate spraying, realinement of thalweg 0.7 mile, and clearing of relief ditch, 1.5 miles. (b) Little Tallahatchie River and Panola-Quitman floodway: Clearing, snagging, and Ammate spraying, 17.2 miles, in Panola-Quit- man floodway. (c) Yocona River: Clearing, 1.7 miles. (d) Cassidy Bayou: Clearing, 13.1 miles, and Ammate spraying, 18.9 miles. (e) Bobo Bayou: Clearing and Ammate spraying, 10.3 miles. (f) Tallahatchie River: Clearing, 18.8 miles, and Ammate spray- ing, 52.9 miles. (g) Yalobusha River: Snagging, 11.6 miles, random drift removal, construction of 3,080 linear feet of retards, and Ammate spraying 22.5 miles. (h) Yazoo River: Ammate spraying and clearing and snagging, 12 miles. (11) Yazoo Basin levees. Work under contract for construction of levee setback on the right bank of Panola-Quitman floodway (Little Tallahatchie River) was initiated July 9, and completed September 24, 1954. A total of 215,000 cubic yards of embankment was placed. The Coldwater River levees were maintained and the floodgates were operated. Bia Sunflower River, etc., Mississippi: Preparation of plans and specifications, surveys, and studies is continuing. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1641 Yazoo Basin backwater, Mississippi: (See table E-2.) No work was done. ST. FRANCIS BASIN, ARK. Memphis district: a. St. Francis Basin, Ark. and Mo., Wappapello Reservoir. (See table C.) The facility was maintained in operating condition and malaria control operations were continued. Leasing of reservoir lands was continued, and a patrol of the leased property was maintained. The fish and wildlife conservation program con- ducted jointly with the Missouri Conservation Commission was con- tinued. It is estimated that there were 173,500 visitor-days of use of recreational facilities in the Wappapello Reservoir area. The reser- voir was nominally empty of flood storage at the beginning and end of the fiscal year, and the water level was controlled insofar as possible in accordance with the malaria control program. Maxi- mum water surface elevation during the year was 367.71 feet on March 22, with a net flood storage of 112,000 acre-feet. Peak inflow into the reservoir was 33,700 cubic feet per second on March 21. Maxi- mum outflow during the year was 9,800 cubic feet per second, occurring on March 22, 1955. Levees: Levee construction was continued in the basin with the placing of 9,680,000 cubic yards of earthwork. Channel improvement: Dredging operations began February 5, 1954, for channel excavation of 24,000,000 cubic yards in the Madi- son-Marianna, Ark., floodway. A contract dredge removed 8,441,585 cubic yards this fiscal year, making a total of 11,306,850 cubic yards of material removed. Additional work consisting of 2 contracts for ditch excavation was completed during the fiscal year, with a total of 70,821 cubic yards of material being removed. West Memphis drainage:A total of 150,409 cubic yards of material was excavated and 11,730 linear feet of channel was cleared during the fiscal year. A contract for approximately 4.3 miles of channel improvement along ditches Nos. 1 and 8, Crittenden County, Ark., was completed September 19, 1954. Floods--Memphis district: Rains occurring over the upper reaches of the Mississippi River and Ohio River Basins during March 1955 resulted in a Mississippi River crest stage of 50 feet on the Cairo gage on March 28, 1955, with a corresponding maximum discharge of about 1,250,000 cubic feet per second. Confined floods occurred in the St. Francis River Basin during March 1955 with a maximum stage of 20.6 at St. Francis, Ark., on March 29, 1955. On the White River a maximum stage of 27.0 feet occurred at Clarendon, Ark., on March 31, and April 2, 1955. Vicksburg district: Crest stages on the Mississippi River were slightly below normal, ranging from about 9 feet below flood stage at Arkansas City to 4.5 feet below flood stage at Natchez. Crest stages on the upper Ouachita River ranged from about 7 to 8.5 feet above flood stages and were below flood stages in the lower reaches of the Ouachita River. Minor flooding occurred in the upper reaches in March. Operation of flood control works effected estimated reduc- tions ranging from about 1 foot to about 8 feet on the upper Ouachita River. Crest stages on the Coldwater-Tallahatchie-Yazoo Rivers oc- 1642 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 curred in April. The crest stages of 28.7 feet at Swan Lake and 32.3 feet at Greenwood were moderate. Operation of flood control works effected reductions averaging 4 feet on Coldwater River, 5 feet on Tallahatchie River and varied from 7 feet at Greenwood to 2 feet at Yazoo City. New Orleans district: No flooding of consequence occurred in the New Orleans district. Unusually low stages prevailed throughout the year with the exception of a rise that started in the latter part of February and crested at 15.4 on the Carrollton gage on April 13 (flood stage 17.0). On the Red River, Alexandria gage (flood stage 32.0) recorded a maximum stage of 24.7 on March 28. CONDITION AT END OF FISCAL YEAR Survey of the entire river below Cairo, Ill., was completed in 1952 and resurvey is now under way. Contoured quadrangles, general maps of the valley, and pamphlets tabulating river stages, discharge measurements, etc., have been published and are available for depart- mental use and public distribution under prescribed regulations. Navigation and flood control improvements under the existing project comprise levees, bank protection works, channel improvements (in- cluding cutoffs), floodways, outlets, and tributary basin improvements, summarized as follows: Mississippi River channel improvement:. a. Dredging. A channel 9 feet by 300 feet is maintained by dredg- ing as required during the low water season. During the high water season, which usually prevails from the 1st of January to the 1st of June, greater navigation depths are available between Cairo, Ill., and Baton Rouge, La. Below Baton Rouge, La., a channel 35 by 500 feet is maintained by dredging as required during the low water season under the river and harbor project, "Mississippi River, Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico, La." Since 1928 annual maintenance and premaintenance dredging have averaged about 30 million cubic yards. In years of extreme low water of long duration, as much as 75 million cubic yards may be removed in the maintenance of the 9- by 300-foot channel between Cairo, Ill., and Baton Rouge, La. Channel improvements accomplished by im- provement dredging to increase the flood-carrying capacity of the river now form part of the main river channel. These improvements, which include 16 completed cutoffs, have reduced the distance from Baton Rouge to Cairo to about 737 miles from about 860 miles in 1929. The effect of channel improvement works on carrying capacity of the river is given on page 1811, Annual Report of Chief of Engineers for 1943. b. Harbors. (1) Baton Rouge Harbor (Devils Swamp Canal). Work has not been started. (2) Vicksburg Harbor (Vicksburg-Yazoo industrial area). Work has not been started. o, (3) Memphis Harbor project work was started on May 24, 1948, and is about 60 percent complete. The features of work that have been completed are as follows: The closure dam, batture embankment, pile dikes, wavewash protection, approach fill and roadway, Nonconnah MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1643 Creek sewer extension, and revetment. Work on the access channels and the industrial fill is about 63 percent complete. c. Bank protection. There are in place 311.0 miles of operative bank revetments on the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers as listed in tables D-1 through D-3. Missippi River levees: There are 1,570 miles of Mississippi River levees of which 1,286 miles are built to project grade and section with earthwork aggregating about 1,003,166,000 cubic yards, below Cape Girardeau as listed in tables E-1 through E-3. Construction of project levees above Cape Girardeau under the provisions of section 6 as shown on table E-4 has been supplemented with additional work authorized by the Con- gress under the provisions of the Flood Control Act of 1936 and subse- quent acts. Roads have been constructed on 84.5 miles of levees in the New Orleans district of which 27 miles were constructed by local agencies, on 111 miles in the Vicksburg district, including 50 miles which constitute portions of Louisiana State Highway No. 49 and Mississippi State Highway No. 1, and 38 miles in the Memphis dis- trict. These figures represent graveled or hard-surfaced roads on levees; roadway embankments have been constructed for possible future surfacing on 466.5 miles in the Vicksburg district and 447 miles in the Memphis district. In the New Orleans district, about 35 miles of levees on the right bank and 13.3 miles on the left bank are protected against wave wash by timber structures, and about 50 miles of levees on the right bank and 32.7 miles on the left bank are protected by pavement on the riverside levee slope. Floodways and outlets---Atchafalaya Basin: Levees have been built to approved grade and section on the west side of the Atchafalaya Basin from Mansura Hills to Hamburg to confine flood waters within the West Atchafalaya floodway, the Atchafalaya River, and along Bayou des Glaises from Hamburg to Simmesport. Continuous levee systems extend along the east and west limits of the floodway. The east protection levee extends from Morganza to Cutoff Bayou; 88.9 miles of the 108.1 miles in this levee system have been built to grade and section. The west protec- tion levees extend from Hamburg to Wax Lake Outlet and thence to Berwick drainage canal, with 123.1 miles of the 128.2 miles in system built to grade and section. A system of levees is partially complete west of Berwick and the lower Atchafalaya River from Berwick drainage canal to Wax Lake Outlet and thence to the Charenton drain- age canal, including Bayou Sale and Teche Ridge levees. Of the 60.9 miles in this system, 57.4 miles have been built, and 41.8 miles are to grade and section. For status of these levees, see table E-1. Floodway and basin improvements, other than levees, completed prior to 1943 are as described on pages 1884 and 1885 of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1943. Improvements completed since then include: a. Atchafalaya floodway: A drainage structure in the Simmesport ring levee; floodwalls at Morgan City, Berivick, and Tiger Island, 1,891, 5,219, and 1,990 feet in length, respectively; 2 pumping plants at Morgan City (Morgan City and Tiger Island); locks at Berwick, 1644 REIPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMIIY, 1955 Bayou Boeuf, and Bayou Sorrel; a floodgate and access bridge at Charenton drainage canal, floodgates at Calumet on the east and west sides of Wax Lake Outlet; a channel 9 x 100 feet from Bayou Boeuf to Bayou Long, which acts as a drainage outlet for the floodway and forms a part of the alternate route for the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway; improvement of interior drainage west of Berwick by ex- cavation of a channel from Calumet to Wax Lake east levee borrow pit; construction of Ellerslie pumping station, and Wax Lake West and Wax Lake East drainage structures. Improvements, other than levees, now in progress are as follows: Construction of Bayou Courtableau drainage structure and outlet channel which are 17 and 51 percent complete, respectively. Between Courtableau and Krotz Springs, over the West Atchafalaya floodway, construction of the New Orleans, Texas and Mexico Rail- way Company's high-level crossing continued and is 95 percent com- plete, with raising the bridge over Bayou Courtableau remaining to be accomplished. Plans and specifications for the high-level crossing of U. S. Highway No. 190 are being prepared by the Department of IHighways, State of Louisiana, under a reimbursable contract. The Atchafalaya Basin floodway, as a whole, is approximately 76 percent (revised) complete. b. Morganza floodway: At the upper end of the floodway, the com- bined high-level crossing for State Highway No. 30, the Texas & Pacific Railway's Port Allen branch line, and the Morganza control structure is complete except permanent paving of the highway ap- proaches, and deferred construction as provided for under the reim- bursable contracts. U. S. Highway No. 190 is complete and the Texas & Pacific Railway Company's main line crossing between McNeely and Red Cross is complete except deferred construction. Alterations to the office building and gap closures in the upper and lower guide levees have been completed. Degrading the forebay levee, now in progress, is approximately 96 percent complete. The Morganza floodway is approximately 93 percent complete. c. Atchafalaya River: Levees extend along both banks of the Atcha- falaya River. Approximately 47.8 miles of the 50.8 miles in the east bank system and 59.0 miles of the 61.3 miles in the west bank system have been built to approved grade and section. Bayou CourtableauBasin and outlets, Louisiana: a. Charenton Canal: The enlargement of the canal and alterations to the New Iberia and Northern Railway bridge have been completed. b. Bayou Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie, La.: A total of 16,482,158 cubic yards has been excavated and 2.2 miles cleared and snagged for channel improvement and diversion in Bayous Boeuf, Cocodrie, and Clear. An improved and continuous channel is complete from mile 0.0 to the Bayou Rapides drainage structure, a distance of 59.8 miles. Drainage structures have been completed on the south bank of Bayou Rapides and in Bayou Boeuf at Lecompte, and the Lamourie control structure has been completed on Bayou Lamourie. Twenty- one highway, 4 railroad, and 2 footbridges have been constructed or reconstructed. The overall percentage of completion is 79 percent for the Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie improvements. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1645 Lake Pontchartrain,La.: A total of 3.5 miles of levee along the shore of Lake Pontchartrain with lateral levees to high ground have been completed to approved grade and section and 13.9 miles to only interim grade. (See table E-1.) Amite River, La.: Desired bank protection work is complete. Red River Basin: a. South bank Red River levees, Louisiana: A total of 60 miles of levees have been completed to approved grade and section. (See table E-1.) b. Red River backwater levees, La.: Construction of 93.7 miles of levee has been completed to final grade and section except for reaches totaling approximately 4,300 linear feet in the vicinity of the Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure which have been constructed to an interim grade. (See table E-2.) The Woringer Bayou Bridge and drainage alterations are complete. Construction of a drainage ditch in the vicinity of Acme, La., is complete. Construction of the Bayou Cocodrie floodwall and walkway bridge is in progress. Construction of Buck- ner Bayou diversion is in progress. c. Jonesville, La.: Project is complete. d. Bawcomville, La.: Construction of the new levee, culverts, tem- porary flap gates, concrete splash aprons, and closure gaps is com- plete. Construction of two pumping stations and modification of floodgates is in progress. The work is being accomplished under section 6 of the Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928. e. Boeuf and Tensas Basins, La. and Ark.: Channel improvement has been completed as follows: Big and Colewa Creek-89 miles, Ten- sas River-85 miles, Tensas Bayou-14 miles, Bayou Lafourche- 45.1 miles, Boeuf River-35.8 miles, and Big Bayou-15.6 miles. The improvement of these streams involved clearing and snagging, and 59,128,346 cubic yards of excavation. Reconstruction of 4 parish bridges and of 3 State Highway bridges over Big and Colewa Creeks is complete. Over Bayou Lafourche, construction of State Highway No. 64 Bridge, reconstruction of State Highway No. 15 Bridge, re- alinement and alteration of existing United States Highway No. 80 Bridge, and alteration of Illinois Central Railroad Bridge are complete. Construction of new United States Highway No. 80 Bridge is in progress. Relocation of Richland-Morehouse Parish Bridge is complete. Over Boeuf River, alteration of State Highway No. 11 Bridge is complete. Rearrangement of one 8-inch gas pipeline over Bayou Lafourche at mile 18.1 is complete. Alteration of one 16-inch and four 13-inch gas pipelines and appurtenances over Bayou Lafourche at mile 35.7 is complete. Alteration of two coaxial cables over Bayou Lafourche at mile 35.3 is complete. Reimbursement was made for relocation of a private telephone line and powerline over Bayou Lafourche be- tween miles 25 and 30. In addition, over Bayou Lafourche, alteration of 1 power transmission line at mile 35.2, rearrangement and altera- tion of 1 telephone line at mile 34.5, rearrangement of 6 powerlines, and alteration of a multiple gas pipeline are complete. 1646 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 f. Grant's Canal, La.: Filling of canal is complete. Ar kansas River levees, Arkansas: A total of 22.8 miles of north bank levees on the Arkansas River, and 76.0 miles of south bank levees have been completed to approved grade and section. (See table E-2.) Yazoo Basin headwater, Mississippi: The Sardis, Arkabutla, Enid, and Grenada Reservoirs are in op- eration and necessary repairs are being made to dams and appurte- nant structures. Minimum basic public use facilities have been pro- vided in the Sardis, Arkabutla, and Enid Reservoir areas. The mas- ter plan for public use facilities for Grenada Reservoir has been ap- proved by the Office, Chief of Engineers. The 4-H Club of north Mississippi, sponsored by Mississippi State College, Starkville, Miss., has constructed the following facilities at Sardis Reservoir in the, Black Jack Point area: pump house, crafts building, warehouse, care- taker's house and garage, staff quarters building, administration build- ing and dining hall, 12 bunkhouses, and 2 bathhouses. The Missis- sippi State Park Board has constructed the following facilities at Sardis Reservoir in the Chestnut Ridge area: lodge and dining hall, 10 duplex cottages, superintendent's residence, well and pumphouse, and a floating boat dock. In Grenada Reservoir this agency has initiated construction on the Hugh White State Park in the Old Orchard Bay area and the Carver Point State Park. The Future Farmers of America, sponsored by the State of Mississippi Depart- ment of Vocational Education, have constructed the following facili- ties at Grenada Reservoir in the Grenada Landing area: 2 bunkhouses, combination recreation and dining hall, sewage disposal field, a 2- acre swimming and fishing lake, a pier, and a gravel surfaced access road 1/2 mile in length. Yalobusha, Grenada, and Calhoun Counties have constructed a public swimming beach and the Grenada County Chamber of Commerce is providing lifeguard services in the same area. In the Cedar Point area in Grenada Reservoir, the Girl Scout Campers of Mississippi, Inc., have constructed a dirt road 11/4 miles in length, and have initiated construction of organized camp facili- ties. Channel improvement in the basin has been completed except for the construction of 2 cutoffs in the Tallahatchie River and 1 cut- off in the Yazoo River and the removal of plug in the upper end of Cassidy Bayou. Improvement of these streams involved clearing and snagging, and 29,224,422 cubic yards of excavation. Construction of Greenwood protection works is complete except for the Pelucia Bayou diversion and extension of levees. Preparation of plans and specifications for construction of the Belzoni protection works and for construction of the lower auxiliary channel is in progress. Con- struction of Yazoo City protection works is in progress. Big Sunflower River, Steele Bayou, Deer Creek, etc., Mississippi: Channel improvement has been completed as follows: Big Sun- flower River-19.22 miles, Quiver River-16.15 miles, Deer Creek-- 7 miles, and Steele Bayou-44.7 miles. Improvement of these streams involved clearing and snagging, and 3,524,584 cubic yards of excavation. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1647 Yazoo Basin backwater levees, Mississippi: Work has not been started. White River Basin, Arkansas: a. White River backwater levee system: A total of 19 miles of backwater area levees along the east bank of White River have been completed to approved grade and section and 21 miles of levees to an interim grade. b. Augusta to Clarendon levee, Arkansas: A total of 38 miles of levee along the east bank of White River have been completed to project grade and section. c. DeValls Bluff, Arkansas: Local protection work has been completed. d. Des Arc, Arkansas: Local protection work has been completed. e. Cache Basin, Arkansas: Work has not been started. St. FrancisBasin, Missouri and Arkansas: The Wappapello Reservoir is complete and available for use as required. On the west bank of the St. Francis River, 73 miles of levee are to project grade and section. On the east bank of the St. Francis River, 88 miles of levee are to project grade and section. A total of 6 miles of channel improvement and cutoffs on the lower St. Francis River in the Madison-Marianna floodway has been completed. In the Elk Chute drainage district, 17 miles of levee are to project grade and section. The levees along Little River are complete. Work on levees and drainage improvements is in progress. Work was continued on West Memphis drainage project. L'Anguille River, Arkansas: Work has not been started. St. Johns Bayou, Missouri: Construction of levee and floodgate is complete. Birds Point--New Madrid floodway closure, Missouri: Work has not been started. Reelfoot Lake area, Kentucky and Tennessee: Work has not yet been started. West Tennessee tributaries (Obion and Forked Deer Rivers and tributaries): Work has not yet been started. Investigations and reports: Surveys and reports prescribed under the existing project and called for by congressional or departmental directives are made as required. Reports on tributary streams authorized pursuant to the act of Janu- ary 21, 1927, when presented to the Mississippi River Commission in compliance with section 10 of the act of May 15, 1928, are considered and the conclusions and recommendations of the Commission thereon are submitted to the Chief of Engineers. Cost: Total costs under the existing project, incurred from United States and contributed funds to June 30, 1955, were $1,078,915,475 for new work and maintenance (see table H-1) of which $14,708,308 was for emergency repairs. Similarly, total costs for construction and main- tenance of levees under the existing project and expenditures incurred therefor by non-Federal agencies are given in table 11-2. 36 3 30 7-55-vol. 2i104 TABLE D-1. New Orleans district [Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1955] Maintenance Lost, de- Year Above stroyed or Operative 1 Location initiated Head of Bank New work nonopera- on June Type (calendar) (calendar) Passes Passes Extensions Repairs tive Junesince 30, 1955 M 1954 H MISSISSIPPI RIVER Miles Linearfeet Linearfeet Squares 2 Linear feet Linear feet Buras, La - .......... . . .. . . .. . . . ... 1953 25. 1 Right .... ------------ 2, 900 AB. Port Sulphur, La ... _____. .... ___........__ 1952 39 __do ----- ------------ 1,820 FW. H Third district reach, Louisiana ............... 1890 91-95 Left ----.. ------------ 20, 542 A, AC, FW, MA. Algiers Point, La,_..................... 1899 94-95 Right .-- ------------ 7, 728 A, FW, MA, CB, AB. 95-96 ___do---. ------------ Gouldsboro Bend, La___.___. Gretna Bend, La_----- Greenville Bend, La. __ -------------- .______.. 1885 1911 1890 96-97 ___do---- 99-102 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 4, 960 4, 127 19, 870 A, AC, FW, AB. FW, AB, CB. Carrollton Bend, La Avondale Bend, La..................... ___ 1884 1914 _do ---. 103-105 Left --__. 106-108 Right .... ------------ I------------ ----------- I------------ ------------ ------------ 15, 015 15, 098 A, AC, FW, MA, AB, CB. A, FW, CB, AB, AC, MA. A, FW, AB, MA. Kenner, La_. 1936 113-114 Left___- .. 9, 089 A, FW, AB. Reserve, La . _ _----.-.-.-....---- 1938 138-139 -__do---. ----------- 6, 032 A, AB. Or White Castle La _... . . 1935 193-194 Right .... ----- -- -- 7,282 A, AC, AB, MA. 0 Plaquemine Bend, La . 1912 208-216 ___do--- 14, 761 A, AC, FW, CB, AB, MA. Port Allen, La__ .. ._.__ _ 1953 229. 5 ___do ---. 900 275 3, 220 A, AB. Arbroth, La___. .. .. _ 1950 248-250 ___do--- . ----------- 8, 253 13, 190 AC, AB. Grand Bay, La .......................... 1917 255-257 -do --- - -- .......-.. -------- 7,090 A, AC, FW, CB, AB. Red Store, La........... 1954 268 _do -. 6, 100 ---------- 6, 100 AC. Arrow Bend, La _____ __ 1954 270 Left .-- - 8, 200 ----------.. ............ 8, 200 AC. Morganza, La.. . .__.. . 1951 277-278 Right -. 2, 657 13, 310 AC, AB, MA. 0 Carr Point, La ___- -_____.. ........ __ .... 1949 301-302 __do .---- 8, 600 AC, MA, AB. Above Old River, La ___.......__....... 1950 302. 5 --_do ------ 64 4, 800 AC, AB. -.... Coochie, La-...- __ _ _ _ .__ 1953 315. ._do..... ----------- ------------ 14, 560 AC, AB. Palmetto, Miss ._ _________............... 1954 319. 3 Left--..... 16, 050 ............ 16, 050 AC. ATCHAFALAYA RIVER Legonier, La ............ 1954 4. -- do....... 5,400 5,400 AC. eo Above mouth of RED RIVER lower Old River >J a Choctaw Bayou Bend, La .. .___ .... ... 1948 71.6 Right..... 3 1, 563 PD. Egg Bend, La ...... _.................... 1950 89.6 ___--do----- Sdo...... 4 1, 127 PD. (Mile 90) Egg Bend, La __ __ ... .... 1946 90 -- do---- -- 1, 350 SD. (Mile 90.9) Egg Bend, La - .. ..... _. 1954 90. 9 __do .. 700 BR. (Mile 91) Egg Bend, La_____ Cologne Bend, La___ ___ 1948 91 .._do.....----- 51, 464 PR. 6 1, 635 PD. ... ____. ............ 1950 92. 1 Echo, La_ .........-- _ _-.... _.. ....... 1950 93.9 .__do....----- 71, 849 PD. - Richardson, La .. ...........---........... 1951 94.5 -- do ... .... . .---..-...---..-....-.-.- .....---- ..-- 81, 556 PD. Roxana, La.. ..------ . ----------------------- 1952 99 --do ----- -- --- -- - --- -- - --- -- -- --- -- -- 2,200 BR. Ryland, La.. ..---------------------------- 1952 1950 104 -- do------- 115.3 __do ........- -------- ------------ ----------- ------------ 2,600 1, 458 BR. BR. H udson, La----------------------------------- - - - -- - - - - - - Alexandria Front, La ---- ..------------------ 1945 122 ... do .--- -- - -- - ..-- - - -... . - -..........- 5, 550 BR, A, R G. Bertrand, La ------------------ 1946 5 .. do -_ -__.--_ 139-139. ...----------. .--. .-. ...- 9 5, 014 PD. Boyce, La --------------------------- 1950 143 --_ do .-- -__- - -.- -. - ---. - --. --.. -.- - . .- 1o1,069 PD. I i I I I I f 1 - - Total------------ -..------------ .---------- 35,750 900 13, 829------------11 235, 294 1 This conforms with the definition of an operative revetment which is as follows 6 Includes 168 linear feet of root dike. The classification "operative" is intended to include all revetments which are along 7Includes 240 linear feet of root and 193 feet baffle dikes. the banks of the river channel and are, or conceivably would be, subject to maintenance 8 Includes 324 linear feet of root dike. charges if subjected to direct current impingement. 2 Includes 162 linear feet of root dike. 2 Squares=100 square feet. 10Includes 691 linear feet of root dike. 3 Includes 222 linear feet of root and 99 linear feet of baffle dikes. 11Does not include 23,585 linear feet of dikes, groins, board and pile revetments. 4 Includes 192 linear feet of root and 935 feet of spur dikes. SIncludes 132 linear feet of root, 60 linear feet of baffle, and 360 linear feet of spur Note. A=asphalt; AC=articulated concrete; FW=frame willow; CB=concrete dikes, blocks; AB=asphalt blocks; MA=mass asphalt; SD=triangular steel dikes; PD=pile dikes; RG=rock groins; PR=pile revetment; BR=board revetment. H 00 TABLE D-2. Vicksburg district F- 00 [Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1955] Maintenance Lost, de- Year initi- Above stroyed or Operative Location ated (cal- Head of Bank New work Exten- nonopera on June Type endar) Passes sions or re- Repairs June 30, placement 1954 MISSISSIPPI RIVER Miles Linearfeet Linear feet Squares Linear feet Linear feet 340 f A 398 }----------- H Bougere Bend, La .... .....--- ..- 1950 326. 5 Right..... -............AOC 2, 336 18, 490 AC, A, R. y Morville, La_ _. 1948 352 -- _-_do -_ A 52 5, 650 AC, A, MA, R. 00 1949 354 ___do -_- 1 1, 852 Pile dikes. Natchez Island, La--------------- ----..----- ___do .---- 1,318 Retards. 1949 354 _do_ ... __ 965 3, 600 AC, A, MA. Natchez Front, Miss __ 1908 360 Left __... "----------- 6, 045 AC, W, R. Gibson, La ......... 1952 368 Right .. A 112 --------...........--- 6, 940 AC, A, R. L'Argent, La . __ 1948 372. 5 ___do _..... ........... 1,920 Asphalt groins. Kempe Bend, La_ . Hardscrabble, La .................. . ----- 1900 1930 379 394. 6 do..................----------------------------- ___do ..... A A .212 178 52 }--- 14, 805 22, 530 AC, A, MA, W, R. AC, A, MA, R. Reid-Bedford, La ....................... 1947 425 ___do .... 7, 800 ............ fR 358 . . - - - - - 14, 640 AC, A, CB, R, MA. Barge line terminal, Mississippi _ - 1928 432-433 432 Left .... ------------ .. . . . . -- 3,040 W, CB, AC, R. I. Vicksburg Harbor, Mississippi - - 1917 ___do _. ------- ------ ....... ... 7,350 AC. Opposite Delta Point, La__ 1952 432 - do --.. ------------- ..... . .. - 5, 680 AC, A, R. CD Delta Point, La..--------------------- 1879 432 Right .... - --- --- . .-- 3, 450 W. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE D-2. Vicksburg district-Continued [Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1955] Maintenance Lost, de- Year initi- Above stroyed or Operative Location ated (cal- Head of Bank New work Exten- nonopera- on June Type endar) Passes sions or re- Repairs June 30, 30, 1955 0 placement 1954 0 MISSISSIPPI RIVER-continued Miles Linear feet Linearfeet Squares Linear feet Linearfeet AC 114 False Point, La_.---_- 1933 436 Right-.. A 45 12, 390 AC, A, R. R 20 Marshall-Brown's Point, Miss - 1952 441 Left .- - A 40 15, 950 AC, A. Milliken Bend, La _.......... 1923 447-451 Right _-.. 3, 125 165 AC 1,669 165 A 208 33, 895 AC, A, W, CB, R. Belle Island, La.-Miss_ 1953 453. 4 Left__ -- - 11,440 AC, A, R. Goodrich, La_ _ ---- 1925 460 Right --- }----------- 23, 175 AC, A, CB, W, R. Cottonwood, Miss_ 1917 465 Left __--- 2, 000 W. Fitler Bend, Miss_- 1908 470 ___do...... ------------ 13, 470 AC, W, A, R. 0 Hagaman, La_ 1926 478 Right -.. 13,060 . ....... 25, 060 AC, W, A. c Lake Providence, La .-.--... 1904 482 .. ___do 11, 600 W. 1948 489 Left --... A 98 ......... 18,825 AC, A, R. Mayersville, Miss- 2, 684 Retards. 1 1948 490 ___do .. ----------- ........... 1, 386 Pile dikes. z Carolina, Miss___ 1954 498 ___do ----- 4,000 ...... 4, 000 AC, A. Cracraft, Ark__ ---------------- Kentucky Bend, Miss --...... 1943 1944 501 509 Right .-. Left_______ 3,980 ........ AC A 6,399 10 }- .......... 13, 280 AC, A, CB. 10,115 AC, CS, CB, A. American Cutoff, Miss_ 1933 517 ___do ..... 5, 000 AC. Sunnyside, Ark_ __ 1923 523 Right - - -- -------- 11, 305 AC, CS, A, CB, R, W, SC. Vaucluse, Ark ---- 1909 525 __do -. 4, 300 W. Island 84, Ark_ 1949 526 Left ... A 30 4, 685 AC, A. Warfield Point, Miss ......... 1934 529 ___do -.. .......... 3, 200 CS, A, AC, T, R. La Grange Towhead, Miss__ 1934 530 .. ___do ............ 2, 950 AC, T. Spanish Moss, Ark -- - 1952 531 Right -__ A 19 ............ 3, 660 AC, A. IA Leland Cutoff, Ark_--------- 1934 532 Left______ 1,300 AC. Tarpley Island, Miss- -_ _.-........... 1949 534 Right . .-- 2, 000 AC, A. Miller Bend, Miss.___- Left ... 1,588 1928 537 1, 290 R AC 10 3,512 910 24, 930 AC, A, CB, FCM, R. Ashbrook Island, Miss-__ --- 1949 541.5 Right-- 2, 620 AC, A, R. Arkansas City and Yellow Bend, Ark ....- 1921 545-549 ___do...... A 35 ----------- 25,100 AC, CB, A, R, W. Huntington Point, Miss ... _ 1949 550 Left ..- . A 51 --.-------- 9, 625 AC, A, R. Mounds, Miss.. . .. ._ 1946 556 ___do- . 3, 800 FCM, AC, A, CB. CD Catfish Point, Miss_ 1954 566 ___do._ 11, 140 11, 140 AC, A. Riverton Miss --------------------- 1920 578 ___do - 12, 500 AC, W, Dennis, Miss- ............- . -.. - - .- 1947 605 Left A 1i 11 5 ---------- 11, 865 AC, A, R. AAC 1 i } - -- -- -- Cessions, Miss ............................. 1944 610 ___do . .. 11,350 AC, A,rR. ARKANSAS RIVER Miles above mouth Fletcher Bend ....... ........... _._ .... 1945 36 Right ... 2, 187 Pile dikes. Davis Lake, Ark_ - - - 1950 38 -__do -- do .- --- 3, 208 Do. 1920 44. 5 ___do 2, 900 AC, Board mat. Pendleton, Ark..__ - 1928 44. 5 . -... 650 Spur levee dike, revetted end. Big Bayou Meto, Ark_ 1944 53 Left ... 5, 200 Board mat. and riprap. Hannaberry Lake, Ark ...... 1947 60 ___do .--. 5, 685 Pile dikes. Cummins Bend, Ark ......... 1946 63 Right . 9, 938 Do. Little Bayou Meto, Ark___ 1949 66 . Left __-_ 3,465 Board mat. and riprap. 1947 67 ___do -..... 3, 480 Pile dikes. K im brough, Ark ........................... 1953 68 Right .- . 83, 000 Board mat. and riprap. King's Bayou, Ark .... 1951 75 Left __ -__ 2, 150 Pile dikes. Rob Roy, Ark ___ - 1946 89 Right -... 1, 790 Board mat. and rock dikes. Pine Bluff, Ark -- - - - - - - - - 1946 96 ___do. ---- 6,627 Pile dikes. H 1943 97 -- --do-- 5, 400 W, R. Rivers and Harbors 2 H b Hopedale Cutoff, Ark_____ ..... - 1954 24 __do .---. 745 745 Pile dikes. ---------- ------------- ----------- b Medford Bend, Ark_ - - - 1952 38 4, 190 Board mat. and riprap. Richland Bend, Ark ..... 1952 1952 77 77 --- 3, 282 ------------ --------- -- -------- 1, 5, 455 279 Do. Pile dikes. 00 M0 Brunson's Crossing, Ark._ 1952 79 Left ____ -- ............ 4, 260 Board mat. and riprap H and pile dikes. New Gascony, Ark___ -- - 1952 81 ___do...... 1, 705 Pile dikes. 1953 83 Right .... 3,834 375 7,184 Do. 0 New Gascony, Ark. (Trulock) - ... 1 2, 530 1954 83 ___do -..... Board mat. and riprap. New Gascony, Ark. (Madding) ... _.. 1953 83.7 Left --. 2,100 _........... 1 2, 890 Pile dikes. 1953 83.7 ___do -..... 3,000 Board mat and riprap. y Adkins Lake, Ark ...... 1954 85. 5 Right -... 2, 000 -.......... 2, 000 Do. 1954 85. 5 ___do .-... 3,038 -.......... 3, 038 Pile dikes. Below Rob Roy, Ark_- - 1953 87 ___do.-.- ---- _-_------- ------------ -- 1,134 Do. Rob Roy, Ark_ _ _ __ _ . __ 1952 88 ___do -.-- 6, 955 Board mat. and riprap. ........................ Plum Bayou-Rob Roy, Ark-__------ 1952 90 Left ..... 10, 510 Board mat. and riprap and pile dikes. Above Plum Bayou, Ark-___---- 1952 91 ___do ..-.. 2, 447 Pile dikes. SI I 1I Total_ ------------ - - - 5 47, 205 s 1,795 18, 996 2,040 4515, 405 1 Operative length according to latest surveys. 5 Does not include 10,899 linear feet of pile dikes. 2 Constructed under appropriations for Rivers and Harbors. Report thereon in- 6 Does not include 375 linear feet of pile dikes. cluded in Annual Report for work under the Little Rock district. a Constructed under sec. 9, Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936. Note. A = asphalt; AC = articulated concrete; CB = concrete blocks; CS = con- 4 Does not include 60,935 linear feet of pile dikes; 4,002 linear feet of triangular frame crete slabs; FCM = flexible roll type concrete mats; MA = mass aspbalt; T = tetra- retards; 1,920 linear feet of asphalt groins; and 650 linear feet of spur levee dike, revet- hedrons; W = willow mattress; SC = sacked sand cement. ted end. F- TABLE D-3. Memphis district b0 [Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1955] C Maintenance Lost, de- Year Above stroyed or Operative Location initiated Head of Bank New work nonopera- on June Type (calendar) Passes tive since 30, 1955 Extensions Repairs June 30, O 1954 I I- I I i I I I MISSISSIPPI RIVER O Miles Linearfeet Linearfeet Squares 1 Linear feet Linear feet Henrico, Ark_............------. ............. 1947 598-601 Right_ .__ ............ A, AC, C 2, 713 330 14, 620 AC . H Knowlton, Ark...........-----............... 1923 613-616 ___do.--. ............ A, AC 6, 438 16, 915 AC Ludlow, Ark__._ ---------------- 1954 620-622 ___do ---- 5, 660 ----- -- - 140 5, 520 AC Rescue Landing, Miss___-------------------.- 1954 623-626 Left ... . 15, 260 ------.-...--A, C, R 160 380 14, 880 AC Fair Landing, Ark_-__-- - .............. ... 1928 628-630 Right ... A, OC 65 ............ 11,080 AC Burke Landing, Miss-- .................. __ 1949 630-634 Left -_____ A, OC 84 160 16, 470 AC Oldtown Bend, Ark___---..---................ 1907 639-642 Right ... A, C 151 16, 260 AC .,W. 0 Horseshoe, Miss_------------------------- 1949 642-645 Left ..____ A, C 119 ............ 16, 845 AC Westover, Ark--------------------------------- 1947 646-648 Right ............ ----........... A, AC, CO 2, 041 12, 820 AC S1915 Delta-Friars Point, Miss..................... 1922 } 648-654 Left..--.. C, R 249 30, 120 AC ,W. O 1880 Helena, Ark ................... 1913 655-660 Right .... A, AC, C 2, 252 130 25, 345 ACJW. , W. Trotters Landing, Miss__ ... __ 1912 659-665 Left ._____ A, C 106 32, 905 AC Harbert Point, Miss . --- -- ........__ 1953 672-674 ___do ..... 1, 325 170 A, AC 255 335 7, 620 AC Walnut Bend, Ark-___ 1907 675-680 Right .. 2, 715 ............ A, AC, C 1, 025 240 26, 650 AC , W. Mhoon Bend, Miss__ 1932 680-686 Left -_____ ........... A, AC 6, 564 100 36, 128 AC Peters, Ark ........................... 1952 688-691 Right .... A, AC 6,153 225 20, 565 AC , W. Com merce, M iss -............................ 1954 692-694 Left ..... ----- -- - 125 8, 345 AC I, W. Polks Landing, M iss -------------------------- 1924 696 ___do ------ ............ 11,094 W. , W. Porter Lake, Ark...--......................... 1911 695-702 Right .... 3, 585 250 A, AC 633 130 36, 290 AC 1914 Norfolk-Star, Miss..... -- 1917 } 703-709 Left ._..__ ........... A, C 130 29, 722 AC Cow Island Bend, Ark ....... 1925 710-713 Right ... 2, 690 50 A, AC, C, R 501 22, 274 AC W. Coahoma, Tenn ............... __- 1954 714-715 Left .... 6, 250 -- 240 200 6, 050 AC Ensley, Tenn---- 1952 720-722 ___do. .. 1,715 240 A, AC 557 240 15,140 AC Bauxippi-Wyanoke, Ark .. ........... __.. .... 1919 724-728 Right-.... C, R 101 ............ 23, 300 AC 1913 Tennessee Chute, Tenn ....----------------- - 1944 728-730 Left---. --- 8, 850 AC .D .r ,8 ,-W Presidents Island, Tenn ...................... 13148 728-730 Left ...... R 243 40 12, 395 AC, W. Memphis Harbor, Tenn ..................... - . 1878 731-733 -_do ....... ------------ C, R 21 14, 800 AC, W. Chute of Island 35, Tenn__._ 1954 765-767 Right .... 8, 700 5, 000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 130 13, 570 AC. Bullerton Bar, Ark......---------------- 1881 786-790 .__do ..... AC, R 19, 643 13,975 AC, S, W. 1934 790 -- ___do.---- 1,350 G. Osceola, Ark .........-- ......................-- 1881 791 ___do.---- 5,823 W. Keyes Point, Tenn ....---------------------- 1931 793-796 Left ..... 4, 215 AC, R 1, 547 14, 849 AC, L, S. Kate Aubrey, Tenn............... ...--....... 1931 796-797 Right --- 2, 500 S. Bend of Island 25, Tenn ........... 1953 805-808 Left .... 8, 265 280 A, AC, R 419 95 22, 730 AC. Barfield, Ark ............---...---.... .... 1916 809-815 Right .-.. ------------ ---......... C, R 707 50 35, 980 AC, S, W. Huffman-Hickman, Ark.-Tenn ................ 1927 825-830 _do.....-- --.......... --- ........ C, R 100 30 26, 274 AC, S. Heloise, Tenn ............... __.......... 1953 832-834 Left ....... .......----- R 81 --....-...-.- 9, 535 AC. Island No. 18, Mo_. 1931 834-838 Right ... ........... C, R 103 ------------ _ 21, 260 AC. Linwood Bend, Tenn .... 1931 840-843 Left_.. __-. ............ AC, C, R 4, 761 ---...--...--14, 850 AC. Bells Point, Mo - -- 1931 845-847 Right ---- ----------- --- ........ C 22 ------------ 5, 420 AC. 1890 Gayoso-Caruthersville, Mo ------------------- 1916 } 848-853 -_-do ....-- C, R 98 --.--------- 25, 600 AC, W. Hathaway Landing, Tenn_-_..--------..----- 1932 856 Left--__-- 1, 000 AC. 00 Bend of Island 14, Tenn .... .... . .... .... 1946 862-863 ___do ----- 12, 080 AC. 1932 00 Merriwether Bend, Tenn --..... 1950 } 874-877 ___do- .-_ C, R 53 ............ 18, 995 AC. H Linda, Mo ................................... 1951 880-882 R ight ---. 11,950 AC. 00 Below Toney's Towhead, Tenn--- .......... 1946 884-886 Left .-..- C, R 241 200 AC. H 17, 395 New Madrid Bend, Mo-- -.................. 1930 888-893 Right .... C, R 6( 30, 285 AC, S, G. New M adrid, M o __............. ............ 1893 894-895 ___do------- ...................... 5, 559 AC, W. Slough Landing Neck, Tenn ------------- ... 1913 902-906 Left....... C, R 504 22, 100 AC, S, W. Island No. 9, Ky---------------------........... ----.------- 1944 912-914 ___do ..--. (3) 27, 010 Chute of Island No. 8, Ky- ----------.......... 1935 917-921 . do .-... C, RR ----------- 40 ---- 12, 620 AC, L. 0 Bend of Island No. 8, Mo-----------............. 1927 922-924 Right---- ----------- 9, 800 S. H Hickman-Reelfoot, Ky__---- 1889 1928 S 926-933 Left ..... AC, C, R 898 33, 569 AC, S, W. Beckwith Bend, Mo ---......... 13.929 933-936 Right.... C, R 180 40 14, 648 AC, S. W illiam s, K y .--............................... 1954 937-938 Left ..___ 5, 620 ---------------------- 60 5, 560 AC. 0 Columbus, Ky .............................. 1953 946-947 ___do----- ............ 3, 850 AC. Belmont, Mo ---. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1953 948-949 Right.... R 76 5, 890 AC. Cam pbell, K y- -.......... -......... ....... 1954 953-954 Left _._ _. 6, 215 50 6, 165 AC. U2 Pritchard, Mo----............................ 1951 1923 956-959 Right -_. -2, 325 160 AC 72 85 15, 165 AC. nz Wickliffe, Ky---------------------------------- 1950 962-963 Left.---.. 6, 270 AC. y OHIO RIVER Miles above Cairo gage Cairo Front, l .. .. - ...----------------------- 1928 1 Right I... ----....... I-- - - -- - - --.....- 5,005 AC, W. Below Cache River, Ill ............ ------ 1918 o . . . . . . . . . .i.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 ___d 9,527 AC. I I I i I 1 1 1------ T otals------------------ . ---------------- 83,010 6,150 60.169 3, 515 4 954,152 i i i 1 Square=10 x 10 feet (100 sq. ft.). 4 Does not include Island No. 9 dikes. 2 Lin. ft. triangular frame retards and pile dikes. 3 Submerged dike; status unknown, Note. A=asphalt; AC=articulated concrete; C=concrete; G=groins; L=lumber mattress; R= riprap; S=slab concrete; W=willow fascine mattress. I. 013 TABLE E--1. New Orleans district (Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1955, as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended] Operations fiscal year 1955 In system Built to Contents Required Estimated Location of levee when toapproved final Percent ompleted 1955 grade and c30, et, s H completed 3 5 section 1954 New work Mainte- Lost or Contets complete contents complete nance abandoned 1955 1,000i 0 MISSISSIPPI RIVER 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Miles Miles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards Lower Tensas__ ........ 15. 5 3 13. 0 3, 780 ............ 3, 780 6, 225 9, 995 38 Atchafalaya_ ...... 117.8 117.8 113. 0 62, 013 6, 887- 61, 252 61, 558 306 99 Lafourche .... 82. 0 82. 0 66. 4 19, 400 129 2 ............ 19, 531 671 20, 202 97 Barataria ... 71.9 71.9 52. 4 9, 763 99 9, 862 610 10, 472 94 Pontchartrain, including 2.1 miles Baton Rouge front levee ... _..... 125. 7 125. 7 119. 6 38- 45, 898 --------------------------------- 19 45, 917 207 46, 124 99 Lake Borgne __.. ...---------- 48. 3 48. 3 26. 4 7, 575 38 46 7, 659 424 8, 083 95 Grand Prairie__----- 15.0 15. O0 6.0 711 711 49 760 94 Orleans Parish ......__ _.------- 26.8 26. 8 10.8 4, 052 ---------- 22- 20 4, 094 356 4, 450 92 Total Mississippi River ...... 503. O 500. 5 394. 6 153,192 189 186 6,887 152,806 8,848 161, 644 95 =6.U =~~~~~~ :. : , . • .,, . .,. : • .. ::. LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, JEFFERSON PARISH, LA. Lake Pontchartrain protection levees_ 17.4 17.4 3. 5 6, 078 701 __ 6, 779 1, 989 8, 763 77 BONNET CARRE SPILLWAY Upper and lower guide levees....---- 11.7 11.7 11.7 12, 001 I--------- 12, 001---------- 12, 001 100 SOUTH BANK RED RIVER Hotwells to Moncla, La..........- 60. 0 60. 0 60. 0 20,819 . . I. ..---------- ...------I . .. 20, 819--------- 20,819 100 ATCHAFALAYA BASIN AND FLOODWAY East bank Atchafalaya River- ..... 50.8 50. 8 47. 8 21, 308 21, 308 21, 464 156 99 Bayou Des Glaises__ 8. 1 8. 1 8. 1 1, 217 1, 217 1,217 100 West bank Atchafalaya River .-- -- 61.3 61.3 59. 0 10, 867 10, 867 13311, 000 99 Simmesport Ring- -- - 1.6 1.6 1.6 990 990 . .- -- ----- 990 100 Melville Ring- 4. 1 4. 1 4. 1 2, 381 4 2, 385 2, 385 100 Krotz Springs Ring- 1.7 1, 100 Mansura Hills to Hamburg ......... 20. 3 -......-......... 3 20.3 4, 943 ..... .ii43- :::-...... 4,943 100 cn v'. West protection levee, Hamburg to Berwick drainage canal via Calu- met, including 1.0 mile Berwick floodwall_.. _ . . __ . 128.2 128. 2 123.1 73, 344 29 56 I_._--- 73, 429 465 73, 894 99 Levees west of Berwick and the lower Atchafalaya River, Berwick drain- age canal to Charenton drainage canal..------------------------ 60. 9 57. 4 on 41.8 on 10,944 585 2 i........ 11, 531 11, 531 100 Morganza upper guide levee .-.... 9.0 9. O .j I 7 (, A4 22 13 1,958 I 5,477 5, 477 100 East protection levee, Morganza to Cutoff Bayou, including 19.6 miles of Morganza lower guide levee and 1.7 miles of floodwall at Morgan City..............-............. 107.9 107.9 88. 9 47, 424 1, 871 169 243 49, 221 2, 706 51, 927 95 F Total Atchafalaya Basin and floodway._..........___... 453. 9 448. 7 403. 7 180,840 2, 502 227 2, 201 181, 368 3, 460 185, 928 98 = 'I ____________________________ ______________________________ Combined total__ ..--- ..-- 1, 046. 0 1, 038. 3 873. 5 372, 930 3, 392 413 9, 088 373, 773 14,297 389, 160 96 00 I 1 1 1 1 I Area protected froms Mississippi River project flood--adopted project complete-- 3 Including length of levee to be abandoned at the overbank and low sill structures is 23,621 square miles for entire project. and lower end of present levee under the Old River control project. - 2 Excluding yardage to be abandoned. H C 0 H 0 z TABLE E-2. Vicksburg district [Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1955, as provided as amended] for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, Operations fiscal year 1955 In system Built to Contents Required Estimated e BuiltJune approved Percent Location of levee when June 30, Contents to finalet complete O completed' 30, 1955 grade and Ju 30, Mainte- Lost or Contets complete contents section New work nance- bnonet 30, tJune nance abandoned 1955 1955 O MISSISSIPPI RIVER 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Miles Miles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards Lower Yazoo-- ---------- -2 178. 1 2 178. 1 168. 7 190, 363 870 0 0 191, 233 4, 748 195, 981 98 Upper Tensas_____________________ 148. 2 148. 2 112. 4 137, 545 0 0 0 137, 545 8, 968 146, 513 94 txj Lower Tensas- ______ ..... ________ 131. 0 131.0 119. 9 112, 743 1, 804 30. 0 0 114, 547 3, 919 118, 466 97 H YAZOO RIVER AND BASIN H Headwater ________ __ ___ _ 3 581.0 449.0 519. 0 1, 546 0 0 0 1, 546 53, 454 55, 000 3 71.0 71.0 O Backwater _______ __- ____-__- _ 98. 0 160 0 0 0 160 24, 840 25, 000 1 v ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. )TJ North bank______ -_______.__-____ 67. 5 45. 6 22. 8 10, 773 1, 468 0 0 12, 241 14, 745 26, 986 45 O .. South bank_____ _____....-. . _ 85. 6 85. 6 76. 0 48, 898 0 0 0 48, 898 2, 366 51, 264 95 RED RIVER BACKWATER LEVEE... 93. 7 93. 7 92. 9 16, 509 74 18. 1 0 6 16, 583 105 16, 688 99 N Total-_ _-_-__- ____ -____- 1, 383. 1 732. 2 612. 7 518, 537 4, 216 48. 1 0 522, 753 113, 145 635, 898 82 0 1Area protected for Mississippi River project flood-adopted project complete--is 4 Includes 30 miles built to interim grade and section. M 90 4 23,621 square miles for entire project. 5Includes 17 miles Greenwood protection works. Tj 2 Includes 0.8 mile of concrete levee wall and 0.9 mile earth levee on Vicksburg City 6 Does not include approximately 900,000 cubic yards hydraulic fill placed in Smith- M front. land Landing river crossings. 3 Includes 29.0 miles, Greenwood protection works, but does not include 2.5 miles of 7 Includes 1.0 mile of highway embankment. v highway and railroad embankment to be utilized in project. Co TABL E--3. Memphis district [Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1955 as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended] Operations fiscal year 1955 In system Built June Built to approved Contents Required Estimated Percent Location of levee when June 30, Contents to final completed 1 30 1955 grade action 1954 New work Mainte- Lost or J een0s complete contents 2 complete nance abandoned Jne 1955 MISSISSIPPI RIVER 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Miles Miles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards Upper Yazoo _________________ _ 94 94 68 101, 360 1, 090 0 0 102, 450 115, 460 107, 910 95 11 H Tiptonville-Obion River_............ 44 24 13 7, 559 0 0 0 7, 559 7, 530 15, 089 50 Slough Landing Neck Dike-.... 10 10 10 1, 329 0 0 0 1, 329 0 1, 329 100 H Reelfoot___ ____- __-________- -- --- 3 23 23 23 13, 903 0 0 0 13, 903 0 13, 903 100 White River backwater levee-------. 4 40 40 19 24, 686 1, 989 0 0 26, 675 112, 800 29, 475 91 White River__- Lower St. Francis - ---- -__________- 574 -6 212 74 212 38 202 65, 184 130, 972 0 64 0 65, 248 114, 600 69, 848 93 386 0 0 131, 358 114, 490 135, 848 97 Upper St. Francis_---- ------------ 7 120 120 110 48, 406 0 0 0 48, 406 113, 750 52, 156 93 ... Thebes to Cairo, Il1______l __. . - 8 10 10 2 6, 463 0 0 0 6, 463 11600 7, 063 92 Ohio River- - -.... ___.___........ - 5 5 5 3, 461 183 0 0 3, 644 0 3, 644 100 M c-i ST. FRANCIS RIVER AND BASIN East bank__- ----- ______----- 202 152 88 25, 840 9, 680 0 365 35, 155 23, 353 58, 508 60 West bank ______.___.___ ___... 148 136 73 17, 955 0 0 0 17, 955 7,623 25, 578 70 H East bank, Little River, Ark-_.... 41 41 41 5, 853 0 0 0 5, 853 0 5, 853 100 West bank Little River, Ark ........ 35 35 35 4, 099 0 0 0 4, 099 0 4, 099 100 Elk Chute_____---__- -------- __ _ 40 40 17 4,550 0 0 0 4,550 720 5, 270 86 0 LITTLE RIVER, MO. DIVERSION CHAN- 0 _ NEL----------------------------- 10 o 20 20 20 10, 763 0 0 0 10, 763 0 10, 763 100 0 WHITE RIVER Augusta to Clarendon .__...._ _ ..... 47 40 40 9, 567 0 0 0 9, 567 1, 833 11, 400 84 ........-- Total---__ - -_-- 1, 165 1,076 804 481, 950 13, 328 64 365 494, 977 62, 759 557, 736 89 1 Aeptt rrss!__pi 1 Area protected from Mississippi River project 23,621 square miles for entire project. ivrroe flood--adopted - _oo t p project complete-- e c t 7 Includes 84.3 miles of front line levee from Commerce to New Madrid, Mo. and 35.3 miles of Birds Point-New Madrid setback levee. Fourteen miles of New Madrid- 2 Excluding yardage to be abandoned. Sikes Ridge (St. Johns Bayou) levee have been abandoned. 3 Includes 1.4 miles of Hickman City levee and 21.2 miles of Mississippi River front 8 Includes 6.3 miles of Cairo drainage district (Mississippi River) levee and 3.4 miles line levee-Hickman, Ky., to Bessie, Tenn. of Cairo City (Mississippi River) levee. 4 Extends from Old Town Lake, Ark., to Laconia Circle levee, Ark. 9Includes 5.3 miles of levee from Cache River levee to end of floodwall at Cairo, Ill. 5 Includes 67 miles of front line levee from Helena, Ark., to mouth of White River, 10Includes 13.9 miles of main line diversion levee; 2.7 miles of Ramsey Creek levee; Ark., and 6.6 miles of Laconia Back Circle levee. and 2.9 miles of Sals Creek levee. 8 From New Madrid, Mo., to mouth of St. Francis River, Ark. 11Figures revised due to closer surveys. TABLE E-4 [Yardage placed in levees and levee operations for fiscal year 1955, as provided for in sec. 6 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, as amended] Operations fiscal year 1955 In system BuiltJune approved to In system Contents Built Estimated Percent Approxi- Appro Location of levee when June 30finalmate area com ed 30, 1955 grade and Ju19530, Builted by Contents Required co ts complete tsection 1954 Lost or June 30, to contents protected C States oned 1955 complete O O St. Louis district H MISSISSIPPI RIVER 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Miles Miles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubicyards Clemens Station, Mo., to mouth of Missouri River _________-__- ____ 28 28 0 25. 6 0 0 25. 6 ....---------------- --------- .........------- 4 Mouth of Illinois River to Prairie du ... Pont, Ill _____ __ __..... ____ .. . 20 20 0 27.1 0 0 27.1 -..... --.....-. - - --........ .......... 3 0 Prairie du Pont, Ill., to Grand Tower,dll Po_ __ to Mouth of Missouri River to Cape 2- 0 0 0 00 0 ....... ... ... ...---- ...--------------- ......--------- 0 z Girardeau, Mo- .--.------.---. 4 4 0 57. 2 0 0 57. 2 ---.....-- ..-------------------------------.......... 2 Grand Tower, Ill., to Thebes, Ill..__ 46 46 3 1, 252. 4 0 0 1, 252.4 ..... ..------------...------------------------.......... 8 ILLINOIS RIVER Havana, Ill., to Beardstown, Ill .... 25 25 8 1, 610.0 0 0 1, 610.0 . ......------------------------------------ 24 Beardstown, Ill., to mouth of Illinois River____...-___-___ _______-- ___ 166 166 127 15, 940.0 0 0 15, 940.0 ------------ _------------_------------ 172 Total -------------------------- . ..... 289 289 138 18, 912. 3---------------------- 18, 912. 3 ..... .....------------........ 213 m Rock Island district MISSISSIPPI RIVER C, OR Rock Island to New Boston, Ill 31.4 31. 4 31. 4 4,320 41 0 4,361 40 4,401 99 44 C' I-L MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1659 TABLE E-5 [Yardage placed in repairing levees on tributaries of the Mississippi River threatened or destroyed by flood as provided for in sec. 9 of the act of June 15, 1936] VICKSBURG DISTRICT Built since District Built since District July 1, 1954 July 1, 1954 Thousands of Thousands of Yazoo River and tributaries: cubic yards Yazoo River and tributaries-Con, cubic yards Pelucia drainage_ . __ .. . 54 Potacocowa drainage _.__.... 7 Big Sand drainage__ ........... 43 Panola-Quitman drainage ..... 9 Abiaca drainage ... .......... 10 Panola-Quitman levee setback-- 215 Ascalmore drainage _-----------20 Teoc subdrainage_ _ ______30 Total------------------------- 388 TABLE E-6 BARATARIA LEVEE DISTRICT (RIGHT BANK) [Levee wave-wash protection structures in place June 30, 1955, New Orleans district] Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope paving: Slope paving-Continued 24.2 .-------------------------- A 5,646 73.0- -,------------------------ A 7,868 24.4 ....----------------------- C 900 73.5_ ------------------------ C 2,301 25.0_-------------------------- A 3,000 75.3_ ------------------------- C 4,032 26.3- ....------------------------ C 2,135 76.1---------------------------- A 1,532 27.7----------------------------- A 5,238 77.2 --------------------- A 3,166 29.1-- ..... .. A .......--------------------- 5,171 77.6-----------------------------C 2,354 29.4 ----------------------- C 1,232 80.1----------------------- A 5,105 29.8----------- .......------------ C 1, 290 32.8------------------------- .... A 6,193 Total------------------------- 162, 232 34.7 .....----------------------- A 1,928 38.9_-------------------------- A 18, 010 Wooden revetment: 39.8 ..---------------------- A 3, 743 18.8---------------------------- 42, 689 43.4C --------------- ------- C & A 2,825 21.0----------------------------- 536 43.6 --------...........-----------------... A 741 21.4----------------------------- 1,800 44.9----------------------- C 6, 889 23.1----------------------------- 10, 550 45.1..--------......-----..........------------- A 1,271 26.7----------------------------- 7, 342 45.8 ----------------------- C 3,641 28.4----------------------------- 3,446 48.7 ----------------------- A 1, 542 29.2----------------------------- 216 49.7---..-------------------- C 5,666 29.5----------------------------- 528 50.4 .....--- ...........------------------- C 3, 424 31.6---------------------------- 10, 310 52.3-- ..-- .....-------------------- C 11,735 39.2----------------------------- 1,277 53.6 ...........---------------------- A 6, 473 42.8---------------------------- 15, 475 54.4---...... ........-------------------- C 4,109 48.2---------------------------- 13,782 58.0 ......----------------------- A 5, 728 56.8----------------------------- 13, 622 59.3-------------------------- A 1,950 58.9----------------------------- 1, 725 59.7 ..... .... ..---------------------- C 2, 950 62.5----------------------------- 4, 463 59.9- --------------------- A 1,193 64.5----------------------------- 4,779 60.0.. .........----------------------- C 798 65.6----------------------------- 2, 719 60.2_-----------------------A 1,056 65.9----------------------------- 612 60.5--------------------------- A 908 68.7----------------------------- 3, 550 61.5-- .....----------------------- C 4, 891 71.5 --------------- -------............. 13, 523 63.4_--------------------------- C 4, 828 74.64, 918 63.7-- -----.......---------------- A 1,780 75.8----------------------------- 2, 341 65.1 ----------------------- C 2, 672 76.6----------------------------- 2, 562 65.8-------------------------- C 898 78.8----------------------------- 720 66.1_ -------------------- C 839 69.3 . . C----------------------- 2,581 Total--....................... 163,485 A- asphalt; C= concrete. 1660 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 TABLE E-6---Continued. LAFOURCHE LEVEE DISTRICT (RIGHT BANK) Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope paving: Slop paving-Continued 96. 2--------------------------- A 3, 961 115.5..........................--------------------------C 9, 500 96.8.......................--------------------------- c 3, 000 137. 0-------------------------- C 3,000 96.9--.---------- .------------ A 348 137. 4-------------------------- C 1, 87 C 513 138.6-------------------------- A6,00 97.1------------------------ A 317 139. 7------------------------ A1,400 97. 2_--------------------------- C 771 148. 1------------------------- A 18,700 98. 3--------..------------------- A 5, 227 175. 6------------------------ C 1, 748- 99. 8----------------------------- A 8,714 101.7-------------------------- A 3, 893 Total---... ---------------------- 95, 501 107. 0 ......................-------------------------- A 6, 239 107. 2 .......--------------....---------.............. C 818 Wooden revetment: 108. 4 ...............-----------------------........... A 2, 727 97. 0-----------------------------417 108. 8 .............--.........-------------------------- C 1, 722 97. 4----------------------------- 1, 058 110. 3---.......------------......----..........--- A 10, 600 113. 5 .................-------------------------- A 4, 330 Total--...-----------------------................... 1, 475. GRAND PRAIRIE LEVEE DISTRICT (LEFT BANK) Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope paving: Wooden revetment: 12. 5---------------------------- A 1, 400 12. 2----------------------------- 1, 600 14.1_ -------------------------- SC 2,700 12. 9 ---------------------------- 2,200 14. 2_--------------------------- A 600 14. 4 ........----------------------------- 900. 15. 6_--------------------------- A 5, 700 17. 4---------------------------- 10, 800 17. 7_-- ------------------------ SC 1,300 18.1 ------------------------- 1,100 17.9--------------------------- C 1, 500 18.6---------------------------- 800, 18. 4_--------------------------- A 1, 600 19. 5----------------------------- 940 18. 8 ..--------------------------- C 1, 100 20. 2----------------------------- 1, 700 18. 9-------------------------- A 600 _ 22. 6 ----------------------------- 2,100. 19. 4--------------------------- C 3, 280 23. 6------------ ---------------- 1, 000 19. 7-- ---........ .....------------.......------ C 1, 154 24. 1----------------------------- 600' 19. 9__--------------------------- C 1, 000 24. 7---...-- --------------------- 1, 883: 21.1--------------------------- C 1, 665 21. 6_--------------------------- C 700 Total--------.. ----------------- 25, 623 22. 0---------------------------- C 400 23.4_---------------------------- C 600 23. 7 .--------------------------- C 500 24. 1---------------------------- SC 500 Total------------------------- 26, 299 A=asphalt; C =concrete; SC=shell crete. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1661 TABLE E-6---Continued LAKE BORGNE LEVEE DISTRICT (LEFT BANK) Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope paving: Slope paving-Conitnued 44.8- .----------------- ----- A 4,005 85.9- ------------------------ C 1,510 49.6_----------------------A 3,184 86.1__----------- ------------ C 964 50.4_-------------------------- A 2,755 90.5- ...----------------------- C 5,230 51.8--- ..........................-------------------- C 7, 710 90.9--------------------------.. C 1, 218 51.9...----...-----.........------------- C 1,040 91.0-----------------------........................ A 723 53.0------------------------C 5, 894 91.3 ........----------------------- A 812 54.2_.---------.---------------A 6, 336 91.5_-_------------------------ C 217 54.9_--- .------------------- C 3, 838 55.1------------------------A 1, 056 Total------------------------- 113, 959 56.2---------------------------- C 5, 688 Wooden revetment: 57.7--_- ..--------------------- A 1, 078 49.0---------------------------- 11, 610 58.2--...--.....-- -------------- ----- C 2,450 49.8----------------------------- 885 58.4----------------------- A 1,056 60.4----------------------------- 1,288 58.9--.. ...---------------------. C 2,162 62.5----------------------------- 7, 375 59.2 ............. A 2, 025 ...-----------------------.. 66.1----------------------------- 1, 881 60.1.--------------------------- A 2, 728 70.8 -- 3, 900 65.4_-------------------------_ A 2, 330 71.1----------------------------- 890 66.5------------.. .................--------------- A 1, 370 73.6--....-----------..........---------------- 700 66.7 ---------------------- C 1, 471 79.9----------------------------- 2, 899 67.7----.---------------------- C 5, 108 83.7----------------------------- 5, 809 70.0------------------------- C 6, 328 83.8 ----------------------------- 467 72.2_ -------------------------- C 6, 235 84.4-_----------- ---------------- 281 73.5 ....................----------------------- A 6, 975 84.7----------------------------- 654 73.9------------------------- C 1,325 85.2 ------------------------... 560 74.7-_----------- ---------- A 1, 981 89.5 ----------------------------- 547 75.2----------...--....................------------- C 2,882 91.2----------------------------- 765 76.0. ----------------------- A 4, 487 91.5----------------------------- 933 76.8---------------------- C 4, 092 78.9 .....--.........------------------- C 3, 007 Total......................-------------------------.. 41,444 79.5---__----- -------------- A 2,689 A= asphalt; C= concrete. PONTCHARTRAIN LEVEE DISTRICT (LEFT BANK) Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope paving: Slope paving-Continued 104.0--_ ---- _--------------- C 880 22.0 ---------------------------- A 1, 450 104.9---......-----------------. C 6,127 222.8 ........---- ... A .......----------------. 780 109.5 -------------------- A 2,413 227.3-----...... ----....----------.. A 2, 988 120.6 ---------------------- A 4, 890 166.9 ---------------------- A 1, 874 Total ------------------------- 21, 402 ORLEANS LEVEE DISTRICT (LEFT BANK) Slope paving: Wooden revetment: 92.2_ ..----------------------- C 2,667 91.6..................----------------------------- 1,000 92.6_----------------------- R 587 92.6 .. 1,800 ..............-----------------------------. 92.7 ----------------------- R 3, 156 93.9---------------------------- 1 600 103.5....................---------------------- C 4,750 Total ..---------...--------------........... 3, 400 Total------------------------- 11,160 C=concrete; R=riprap. 1 Bulkhead and wooden revetment. ORLEANS LEVEE DISTRICT (RIGHT BANK) Slope paving: Wooden revetment: 84.5--------------------------- C 4,085 84.1 ----------------------------- 596 93.9--........-------------------- C 1, 540 91.6 ..---------------------------- 15, 700 94.0_ ____----------------------- C 600 93.8-------.........---------------------- 1,100 94.1----------------------------- 498 Total......................-------------------------. 6, 225 95.5---------------...........-------------- 2, 200 Total------------------------- 20, 094 C =concrete. TABLE F-1. New Orleans district 1' [New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1955] In project when com- Completed June 30, 1955 Operations during fis- Year plete cal year Location of improvement initi Percent ated complete 0 Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excava- Clean out tion H 0It Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Bayou des Glaises diversion channel__________________________ 1938 2, 222, 845 .. _ .. 2, 222, 845 __ .. _______--- __.._ _--.._---.. 100 Bayous Rapides, Boeuf and Cocodrie --- _________ ___-____________ -- 1946 19, 482, 158 23. 3 16, 482, 158 13.3 -...---..---.... --...-----....... 79 H Charenton drainage and navigation canal_____________________________ 1939 10, 878, 835 ..--_________ 10, 878, 835 ________---..... .. 78, 730 ........ 100 Wax Lake Outlet__._______________________________ _ - -- - -- 1938 196 ..--- 57, 546, 1.96---------.......-_._.-__- _ 57, 546, 196 .. _ 100 Atchafalaya Basin floodway- .- _______________________... .___ - 1933 201, 882, 764 ...--- 155, 295, 222 ... ... ....------------------------------------ 77 Morganza floodway .. ------------------------------------ _ - 1941 1, 321, 753 ...------------ 1, 321, 753--..----------------------... 100 Devils Swamp barge channel.-.. - . -- . ..- --. ..- -- .. - . -- . .- 17, 0000, 000 .. 0_0,00 0 _-_-_.----.---...-..........-.... ... 0 0 0 z t 0 %a02 5 t C' TABLE F-2. Vicksburg district [New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1955] In project when com- Completed June 30, 1955 Operations during fis- C D Year plete cal year r Location of improvement initi- _- -- Percent ated Ex a- Clean complete Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excava- Clean out tion R n YAZOO BASIN HEADWATER, MISS. Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles C Coldwater River.-- ------------------------------------------- 1941 9, 896, 662 46. 70 9, 896, 662 46. 70 0 0 100 Arkabutla Canal.---------------------------------------------.... 1948 80, 600 0 80, 600 0 0 0 100 Tallahatchie River.-------------------------------------------.... 1940 7, 361, 401 110.00 3, 476, 401 110, 00 0 0 55 Little Tallahatchie River and Panola Quitman floodway- ............ -- 1939 1,170, 428 33.19 1,170, 428 33.19 0 0100 0 Yocona River- --- ---- -------------------------------------... 1952 606,181 0 606,181 0 0 0 100 Bobo Bayou ------------------------------------------------.... 1944 423, 000 4. 00 423, 000 4.00 0 0 100 Cassidy Bayou--- -------------------------------........... ------ 1943 10, 537, 793 47.60 3. 032, 793 47. 60 0 0 33 Yalobusha River.---------------------------------------------.... 1939 6,336,584 42 05 6, 336,584 42.05 0 0 100 -0 Pelucia Creek--- -------------------------------------------- 1953 1,299,000 2.90 0 2.90 0 0 1 Yazoo River _ -- _____ --------- ____ ___-_-__-__ -_-__-_- __ 1941 5,105, 773 0 4, 201, 773 0 0 0 82 Lower auxiliary channel- .......................................... ___ 14, 500, 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tchula Lake... -.---------------------------------------------------------- 244,700 31.50 0 0 0 0 0 BIG SUNFLOWER RIVER, ETC., MISS. Big Sunflower River-_--------------- ... ... - ... ------- ... _1947 _... 5,100, 000 199.70 0 19.22 0 0 2 Quiver River--- - -------------------------------------------- 1947 1,507,000 55.50 0 16.15 0 0 8 Deer Creek_--- ----------------- ---- 1947 73,120 2.04 73,120 2.04 0 0 100 Steele Bayou-__ -- --- -------------- 1947 3, 451, 464 45. 40 3, 451, 464 31. 94 0 0 97 Big Sunflower River tributaries--. -- --.----. ___ __...- . 2, 348,000 215.50 0 -0 0 0 0 Quiver River tributaries.-------------------------------------------- ---------- 0 18. 4 0 0 0 0 0 Steele Bayou tributaries--..................-......... ... __ __---------- __ 0 43. 6 0 0 0 0 0 BOEUF AND TENSAS BASINS, ARK. AND LA. Bayou Lafourche, La.--------------- -------- 1949 35, 815, 784 1. 10 35,815, 784 1. 10 0 0100 Big and Colewa Creeks, La-- ----------------------------------- 1947 6, 675,025 34. 01 4, 375, 025 34.01 0 080 Tensas River, La --.--------------------------------------------- 1947 1. 091, 965 86.16 1,091,965 86.16 0 0 100 Boeuf River, Ark. and La------------------------ . . .------------- 1953 19, 337, 300 28.00 16, 711, 010 0 8,998,301 0 77 Big Bayou, Ark.'---------.------- - .---_ __--_- ------ 1952 1, 930, 490 15. 60 1,134, 562 7. 26 244,072 7.26 52 Bayou Macon, Ark. and La ---------------------------------------------- __....0 170.00 0 0 0 0 0 Canal 19, Ark .--- ---------------------------------------------------- 14, 500,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 Canal 43,Ark ---------------------------------------------------------- 600,000 24.50 0 0 0 0 0 Canal 81,Ark...---- ---------------------------------------------------- 1,735,000 15.90 0 0 0 0 0 BAYOU METO BASIN, ARK. Bayou Met o By------------------------------------- -------------------- 9,940,000 , 19.90 0 0 G 0 0 "LttreBa Met a SBayouayou_ ..... ... .. .. __.... 5, 650,000 10.92 0 0 0 0 0 Wabbaseka Bayou------------------------- ----------------------------- ---- 353, 000 20.10 0 0 0 0 0 Bradley Slough------------------------------------------------------------------ 470, 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 TABLE F-3. Memphis district I. [New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1955] C)I In project when com- Completed June 30, 1955 Operations during fis- 03 Year plete cal year Location of improvement initi- Percent ated complete Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excava- Clean out O tion Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles 0 West Memphis drainage project, Arkansas...... -------------------------- 1951 1, 747, 321 2. 2 1,747,321 2. 2 150, 409 2. 2 100 Mississippi County drainage district No. 17, Arkansas ----------------- 1947 1, 068, 302 0 1, 068, 302 0 0 0 100 Cross County project ditch, Arkansas- -- ___---------------___ ---- 1942 7,710, 454 0 7,710, 454 0 0 0 100 Tyronza River, Ark- __ ____------------- _n_ - - - - 1939 2, 795,160 0 2, 795, 160 0 0 0 100 Birds Point-New Madrid, intercepting ditch enlargement, Samos and t vicinity, Missouri-----.....--------------------------------------1952 284, 989 4. 6 284, 989 4. 6 0 4. 6 100 H Mississippi River, western Tennessee tributaries (backwater area) ___ 1952 4, 890, 000 25. 0 161, 653 0 0 0 1 Cache River, Ark .---------------------------------. .--------- (1) 97, 000, 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 L'Anguille River, Ark_________----_-_---_-_-_--_-_-.---__ ----- ___.... (1) 16, 000, 000 23.5 0 0 0 0 0 Mississippi River below Cape Girardeau west Tennessee tributaries:.. (1) 15, 900,000 160.0 0 0 0 0 0 St. Francis River, Mo. and Ark_.__. ---- ....... ---.. ----.-.------.. 1953 75,557, 000 16.0 11, 306, 850 0 8,441, 585 0 15 Reelfoot Lake area, Ky. and Tenn., Bayou du Chien, Ky. and Tenn.__ (1) 215, 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0O ---------------------------------- Running Reelfoot Bayou, Tenn..................................... (1) 2,597, 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I Authorized but no work started. rIT] I1 00 00 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1665 TABLE G. Costs during fiscal year 1955 Costs New work Maintenance UNITED STATES FUNDS Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries except for emergencies: Mississippi River levees: Memphis district...----------------------------------------$845, 608. 51 $307, 983. 32 Vicksburg district--............................................... 491, 569. 04 304, 407. 15 New Orleans district-----.... .. ...---------------- - ---- 149,600. 50 1, 306, 727.48 Levees under section 6 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928: Rock Island district........--------------------------------------- 20, 541. 26 . Vicksburg district--------- ------------------------------- 37,349.90 -_--.-'_-- White River backwater levees, Arkansas (Memphis district)...--------- 476, 839. 01 7, 039. 95 South bank Red River levees, Louisiana (New Orleans district) _ ... 3,251.48 6, 298. 19 Red River backwater levees, Louisiana (Vicksburg district),,_.. 312, 174. 80 127, 066. 29 St. Francis Basin project (Memphis district)._____-------------- 2, 244, 578. 11 193, 133. 75 Augusta to Clarendon, Ark. (Memphis district)...--- - -------- -- 623. 69 Memphis harbor (Memphis district)--....___.... ................. Des Are, Ark. (Memphis district)-- .. . . . . . __ . 383, 160. 44 . . 586. 17 -.............. Arkansas River levees, Arkansas (Vicksburg district)____ ..._ _ - - 407, 762. 54 32,809. 31 Big Sunflower River, etc., Mississippi (Vicksburg district)- .___... 29, 027. 45 ................ Boeuf and Tensas Basin (Vicksburg district) -.-----.... 1,343, 886. 12 Yazoo Basin headwater, Mississippi (Vicksburg district) _.---- - -1, 089, 851.01 1, 152, 293.81 Rights-of-way and flowage, Bayou des Glaises setback (New Orleans --------------- 352. 11 .. .----- ----..........------------.................................. district)-- Lake Pontchartrain, La. (New Orleans district) .... -------------------- 474, 538.86 -17.30 Atchafalaya Basin floodway, Louisiana (New Orleans district).... 3, 197, 179. 11 1, 388, 637. 09 Morganza floodway, Louisiana (New Orleans district) .... --------------- 388, 622. 35 26, 447. 34 Bonnet Carre spillway, Louisiana (New Orleans district) Bayous Rapides, Boeuf and Cocodrie, La. (New Orleans district) -.. -------------------------- 5, 209. 85 ..------- 90,438.74 Old River control (New Orleans district)---------------............. 1, 132, 725. 83 ................ Revetments: Mempl s district .... ..---------- ------------------------ ----- 9, 425, 804. 43 2, 749, 345. 77 ViCkSburg district --------- ----- ----------------------- 4, 588, 836.46 876, 254. 62 New Orleans district..........................................------------------------------- 3, 603, 169. 83 440, 700.57 Dredging: Memphis district------------------------------------------------ ......................... 2, 819, 856. 35 Vicksburg district ---------------------------------------------............................................-- -1, 232, 969. 27 New Orleans district........................................----------------------------------------.. .....---------------- 53,367. 29 Mapping: Memphis district-..-----..........---------------------------............................... -.---...---- 120, 344. 73 Vicksburg district...........---.......................-----------------------------......... 78, 132. 05 New Orleans district_---------------.-.........--- -- 78, 321. 24 . Surveys, gages and observations: 260.68 Memphis district--..--------................----------------------------.................... Vicksburg district- ___---- ------------------------------------------ 226,280. 60 New Orleans district ....--..........................---------------------------- ........------------- 36 424.98 Subtotal ................--..-----------------........--------------...........--- 30,929,022. 19 13, 932,348.94 Flood control emergencies: Memphis district...----------------------------------------------.....................................--------- 2, 318. 79 Vicksburg district- ...---.---- ---------------------------------................ 295, 619. 47 New Orleans district....---...----- ---------------------------------------............. -123. 83 ---------------- Subtotal----............................------------.....-----------------------------........ 297, 814. 43 Total United States Funds ........................................ 30, 929, 022. 19 14, 230, 163. 37 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Levee improvement, Bay Island drainage and levee district No. 1, Illinois (Rock Island district)___..._____...............__ ................. 10, 270. 63 . -. Levees, Bawcomville, La. (Vicksburg district) ------------------------- . __ 12, 694. 13 ------------ Lake Pontchartrain, La. (New Orleans district) -.... --------------- 147, 739. 06 . . Total Contributed Funds---.................................... 170, 703.82 ........ Grand Total, United States and Contributed Funds----... .. _31,099,726.01 14, 230, 163. 3 1666 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 TABLE H-1. Costs to June 30, 1955 Costs Existing project 1 New work Maintenance UNITED STATES FUNDS Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries except for emergencies-. $800, 362,805.66 2$228, 722, 828. 18 Flood control emergencies- ---------------------------------- ------------- 14, 705, 441. 22 Additional appropriations not under Flood Control Act authorizations.- 26, 763, 728. 32 5, 305,180. 18 Total United States funds..------................................ 827, 126, 533. 98 248, 733, 449. 58 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Flood control except for emergencies-- ........................ . 2, 698, 676. 72 353, 947. 85 Flood control emergencies---- -------------------------------------------------- 2,866.78 Total contributed funds-__........................................ 2, 698, 676. 72 356, 814. 63 Grand total United States and contributed funds-------------- ................ 829, 825, 210. 70 249, 090, 264. 21 1 For data covering costs under previous project, see p. 1808, Annual Report for fiscal year 1944, and p. 1682, Annual Report for fiscal year 1937. 2 Includes maintenance expenditures since Aug. 18, 1941, not chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations, amounting to $183,601,457.68. TABLE H-2. Statement of costs to June 30, 1955,, incurred for the construction and repair of levees by the U. S. Government on existing projects under the super- vision of the president, Mississippi River Commission (including all costs under secs. 6 and 7 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, and under sec. 9 of Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936, and expenditures from the beginning of earliest records through Dec. 31, 1954, for similar purposes by States, local levee districts and communities interested, covering yardage placed: rights-of-way, engineering expenses, repair work, crevasse closing, high-water expenses, interest, etc.)i Costs incurred from Govern- ment funds for levees through Engineer district June 30, 1955 New work Maintenance Memphis: Section 6--..---------------------------------------------------------- 108, 651.24 6,800.00 ---------------- Sections 7 and 9...........................----------------------------------------................... 3, 453, 809. 81 All other: Flood protection, White River, Woodruff and Monroe Counties, Ark_---------------- --------------------------------- 252, 363. 59 ... - Mississippi River levees..._____...........--------------------- 76, 410,.891.03 11, 324, 557. 29 White River backwater levee, Arkansas ----....... ------- _ _ . 7, 333, 597. 53 392, 431. 48 Augusta to Clarendon, Ark. (part for levees) ------------------ 1, 986, 458. 05 623. 69 De. Are, Ark. (part for levees) ...-- -------------- .......---------------- 177, 587. 29 . DeValls Bluff, White River, Ark. (part for levees) --------------- 241..84 New Madrid floodway (part for levees) ..... -----------...........--. 3, 144, 130. 59 972. 48 St. Francis Basin project (part for levees) -- ------------------ 11, 341, 043.72 359,137.95 Subtotal (Memphis district) ...........-......------ --------- 100, 754, 964. 88 15, 538, 332. 70 Vicksburg: Jonesville, La--- -------------------------------------------------- 509, 399. 54 - Section 6....---------------------------------------------------------- 536, 253.81 124,373.63 Sections 7 and 9----------.------------------------------ --------------- 6, 654, 828.66 All other: Mississippi River levees...---...---------------------................--- 62, 906, 064. 65 10, 998, 903. 42 Arkansas River levees, Arkansas....... 17, 516, 507.92 ....-------------------------- 2, 677, 907.83 Boeuf and Tensas basin (part for levees)- -- -_ _------- ----- 2, 649, 295. 24 163, 313. 97 Vicksburg Yazoo area, Mississippi (part for levees)-------------- 17, 804.99 - Yazoo Basin backwater, Mississippi (part for levees) .----..... 63, 715. 33 Yazoo Basin headwater, Mississippi (part for levees)- ..-- __ - 2, 749, 272. 28 303, 538. 44 Red River backwater levees, Louisiana ..... - _._ .------ 7, 518, 131.46 182,703. 04 Subtotal (Vicksburg district) - ............. ------------- --- 94, 466, 445. 22 21, 105, 568. 99 I For net expenditures on previous project by the United States Government for same purpose (United States funds, $81,857,583.68 :and contributed funds, $16,177,994.67), see p. 1738, Annual Report for fiscal year 1937. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMIISSION 1667 TABLE H-2. Statement of costs to June 30, 1955, incurredfor the construction and repair of levees by the U. S. Government on existing projects under the supervision of the president, Mississippi River Commission (including all costs under secs. 6 and 7 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, and under sec. 9 of Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936, and expenditures from the beginning of earliest records through Dec. 31, 1954, for similar purposes by States, local levee districts and communities interested, covering yardage placed: rights-of-way, engineering expenses, repair work, crevasse closing, high-water expenses, interest, etc.)-Continued Costs incurred from Govern- ment funds for levees through Engineer district June 30, 1955 New work Maintenance New Orleans: ......................-........---....-----------.....-------------------------------............... Section 6---- 100, 596. 44 160, 951.69 Sections 7 and 9----------.. .....-- ---------------------------- ---------------- 1, 719, 077.05 All other: Mississippi River levees--...--...---......................--------------------........ 41, 911, 502. 32 21, 066, 156. 97 South bank Red River levees---.....__------------------------- 8, 131, 199. 46 2, 276, 432. 12 Rights-of-way and flowage, Bayou des Glaises setback ......----------- 387, 917. 22 -- --------- Atchafalaya Basin floodway, Louisiana (part for levees)--..-------..... 55, 323, 166.50 3, 521, 297.76 Morganza floodway, Louisiana (part for levees) __--..... _------ 2, 291, 128.85 63, 915. 65 Bonnet Carre spillway, Louisiana (part for levees)-------------- 3, 329, 173.38 ---------------- Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana levees----- 2,238, 575.80 -----------............................ 1, 053, 875. 65 Subtotal (New Orleans district)- -.....-.... -.----- . 113, 713, 259. 97 29, 861, 706. 89 Northern (sec. 6)--.---.----- -- ---------------------------------- 19, 287.55.............__ Omaha (secs. 7 and 9)-- -------------------------------------- ---------------- 101, 487.50 Kansas City (sec. 7)- .. ....--------- -------------------------------- ---------------- 25, 000. 00 Rock Island: Section 6..........-------.........................................--------------------------------- 774, 321.67 ---------------- Section 7......................................------------------------------------------------------------ 166, 785. 64 St. Louis: Section 6.------------------ ------------------------------ 1, 950, 614. 41-------- Section 7--- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 29, 787. 22 Cincinnati (sec. 9) .................-------------------------------..-----...-------......--------.. 9, 688. 77 Louisville (sec. 9) .... .... ....---------------- ....-------------------------------------------- 17, 860.80 Tulsa (secs. 7 and 9) ------------------------------------------------------.. 395, 806. 34 Little Rock (sees. 7 and 9)- -...-.-........................................ 2,129,108. 73 Subtotal (other districts). ---.-..- .---..-- .- ..-.---.-------- 2, 744, 223.63 2, 875, 525. 00 Total United States funds ...-----------..........................-----------------..... 311, 678, 893. 70 69, 381, 133. 58 Costs incurred from Govern- ment funds for levees through June 30, 1955 New work Maintenance Northern (sec. 6)- .........---------.................... 9, 643. 78 ----.----.--.-.. Rock Island: Section 6----.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 384, 207. 79 Section 7-------- ---- .. ------... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. 2, 079. 22 ............................ St. Louis (sec. 6)- -- 979, 506. 84 Tulsa (secs. 7 and 9) ----...... 167.04 Memphis (sec. 6)...... --- .................................... 54, 397. 64 Memphis (Mississippi River levees) -........ ______ __............... 22, 024. 82 Vicksburg: Jonesville, La- - -____ _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100, 000. 00 Section 6-- - - - -------------- ----------- ----------- 195, 432. 57 27, 603. 21 Sections 7 and 9 ------------------- ----------------------------- 620. 52 Mississippi River levees---------.................................... 14, 761. 98 New Orleans: Section 6 -- - ------------------------------------------------- 33, 719. 08 23, 354. 14 Mississippi River levees --- __ ................................ 40, 000. 00 271, 600. 00 South bank Red River levees-- ____............... __. 4, 200. 00 Lake Pontchartrain, La ... . __ .. _______............... 824. 405. 06 Total, contributed funds- -....................................... 2, 662, 299. 56 325,424.13 Grand total, United States and contributed funds ........... 314, 341, 193.26 69, 706, 557. 71 1668 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Table H-2-Continued Expenditures for levees by State and local organizations Engineer district reporting from beginning of earliest available records through Dec. 31, 1954 Rock Island ....-------------------------------------------------- --- - $5, 544, 863.05 St. Louis---------------------------------------------------------------....... 24, 477, 967. 69 Memphis ..--------------------------------------------------------------- 95, 388, 348. 41 Vicksburg ..-------------------------------------------------------------- 62, 545, 639. 24 New Orleans--....---------------------------------------------------------- 127, 613, 164. 20 Total--....................................-----------------------------------------------------------. 315, 569, 982. 59 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS 1 Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, in- cluding fiscal 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 years prior to 1951 New work: Allotted .... $48, 227, 925. 17 $45, 330, 106. 48 $43, 384, 676. 75 $12, 159, 684. 65 $32, 546, 144. 00 $831, 645, 333.66 Cost--......... 48, 566, 783.68 42, 789,118.13 52, 207, 484. 00 50, 581, 608. 51 30, 929, 022.19 827,126, 533.98 Maintenance: Allotted_-... 13,171, 544.83 15,169, 893. 52 16, 635, 323.251 13, 828, 855.00 14, 403 856.00 234, 801, 626. 79 Cost. --.... Flood control 13,123,166.19 15, 216, 552.13 16, 654, 459.81 13, 778, 681.95 13, 932, 348. 94 234, 028,008. 36 emergencies (maintenance): Allotted. _ _. 145, 000. 00 800, 000. 00 297, 382. 00---------... ----. 6, 618.00 14,885, 922.02 Cost .---------...... 159, 970.31 238, 756. 57 489, 054.96 114, 385. 46 297, 814.43 14, 705, 441.22 1 Appropriations were as follows: Appropriations chargeable against Flood Control Act authoriza- tions: Flood Control, Mississippi River and tributaries except for emergencies (excludes maintenance allotments Aug. 18, 1941, through June 30, 1955, $184,375,076.11): Net total allotted for works under Mississippi River Com- mission ........................-------------------------------------- $850, 002, 975. 84 Allotted for surveys under sec. 10 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928 (not under Mississippi River Commission)..............------------------------------------4,995,214.54 Transferred to revolving fund__........_-------------....... 24, 944, 460.35 Impounded savings..------.... -------------------------- 1, 593, 097. 16 $881, 535,747.89 Flood control emergencies: Net total allotted_ _...- ..---------------------- 14, 885, 922.02 Impounded savings_.....................------------------------ 14, 377. 98 14, 900, 300. 00 Subtotal__............. -----------------................... ......-------------... ---- 896, 436, 047. 89 Additional funds not chargeable against Flood Control Act author- izations: Maintenance allotments Aug. 18, 1941, through June 30, 1955, from appropriations for Flood Control, Mississippi River and tributaries, except for emergencies-...--- ------------ $184,375,076.11 Appropriations in addition to appropriations for Flood Con- trol, Mississippi River and tributaries (itemized in footnote (1), pp. 2068 and 2069, Annual Report for fiscal year 1953)...... 32, 068, 908. 50 Subtotal----.................---------------------------------....----------------- 216, 443, 984. 61 Grand total ..................................-----------------------------..------------------- 1,112, 880, 032. 50 Reconciliation of appropriations and allotments: Allotted for new work to June 30, 1955 .--------- -- . 831, 645, 333. 66 .----------------------- Allotted for maintenance to June 30, 1955: Flood control emergencies____ All other-----... .- __-.----------------- ---------------------------------- $14, 885, 922. 02 234, 801, 626. 79 249, 687, 548. 81 Transferred to revolving fund --........................------------------.. 24, 944, 460. 35 Surveys under sec. 10 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928 --------------------------------- 4, 995, 214. 54 Impounded savings----- -------------------------------------------- 1,607, 475.14 Total appropriated to June 30, 1955---......--------------------------................................... 1,112, 880, 032. 50 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1669 FEDERAL EUNDS-Continued Continued Appropriations 21X3112 for 5 fiscal years covering new work and maintenance were as follows: Fiscal year 1951..........................................................------------------ 61,400, 400 Fiscalyear 1952 ----------------------------------------------------- 60, 500, 000 Fiscal year 1953 ............................................-----------------------------------------------------.. 60, 020, 000 Fiscalyear 1954__ ----------------------------------------------------- __ 51,433,000 Fiscalyear 1955- . - .. ..------------------------------------------------ _ ---- 46, 450, 000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30. 1955 -. $1, 383, 904. 29 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------------- 36, 917, 500. 00 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------- 38, 301, 404. 29 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------- 409, 226, 352. 11 1Amount unappropriated is computed as follows: Appropriations authorized except for flood control emergencies (increased $34,931,100 in fiscal year 1955 by Flood Control Act approved Sept. 3, 1954)- --------------- $1,327,679, 600.00 Appropriations authorized for flood control emergencies (maintenance)--...----------.... 25,000,000.00 Total authorizations _ - --.................................................... 1, 352, 679, 600.00 Appropriations for Flood Control, Mississippi River and tribu- taries chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations: Appropriations chargeable except for flood control emer- gencies: Through fiscal year 1955-.....-------------------------- $881, 535,747.89 For fiscal year 1956: Advance engineering and design--------------------- 80,000. 00 Construction -_----- ----------------------------- 36, 837, 500. 00 918, 453, 247.89 Appropriations for flood control emergencies (includes appropriations prior to July 1, 1953, and allotments thereafter) ..................- 14,900, 300. 00 Total appropriations chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations__ 933, 353, 547. 89 Amount unappropriated: For all works except for flood control emergencies ---................-- ------- 409, 226, 352. 11 For flood control emergencies (maintenance)---------------.....................------......--....... ----- 10, 099, 700. 00 ........ 419, 326, 052.11 Total..-------------------------------------------------................................ Maintenance allotments except for emergencies Aug. 18, 1941, through June 30, 1955, amounting to $184,- 375,076.11 and portions of the $51,962,500 appropriated for fiscal year 1956, which have been programed for maintenance ($14,636,500) and for general investigations ($408,500), are excluded from the charges against Flood Control Act authorizations. 1670 REFPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMIY, 1955 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Contributed-.........- $11,666.08 ----------- $49,114.38 $111, 293.56 $211,667.00 $2,804,639.90 Cost ---------------. 58, 788.47 $29, 334. 60 36, 353.86 71, 118.05 170, 703. 82 2, 698 676.72 Maintenance: Contributed .....--------- 28, 000. 00 -4,683. 94 271, 600. 00 ------------------------ 1 356, 814. 63 Cost- .. 7, 245. 68 16,070. 38 271, 600. 00 ----------............---------- 356,814.63 1 Includes $2,866.78 contributed for flood control emergencies. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year enaing June 30, 1955$----- 37, 919. 58 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1956------------------------------------_ 37, 919. 58 CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, including fis- 1951 1952 T953 1954 1955 cal years prior to 1951 New work: Allotted and and con- tributed--- $48,216,259.09 $45,330,106.48 $43,433,791.13 $12,270,978.21 $32,757,811.00 $834, 449, 973. 56 Cost- ...... 48, 625, 572.15 42, 818, 452. 73 58, 243, 837.86 50, 652, 726. 56 31,099, 726.01 829, 825, 210. 70 Maintenance: Allotted and contrib- uted-....... 13, 344, 544.83 15, 965, 209. 58 17, 204, 305. 25 13, 828, 855. 00 14, 410, 474. 00 250, 044, 363.44 Cost-.........13, 290, 382. 18 15, 471, 379.08 17, 415, 114. 77 13, 893, 067. 41 14, 230, 163. 37 249, 090, 264. 21 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_. $1, 421, 823. 87 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956. 36, 917, 500. 00 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_-------------------------------- 38, 339, 323. 87 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 226, 352. 11 4---------------------09, BEACH EROSION BOARD The Beach Erosion Board was organized under authority of section 2 of the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930 (Public Law 520, 71st Cong.), which authorized and directed the Chief of Engi- neers under the direction of the Secretary of the Army to cause investi- gations and studies to be made, in cooperation with public agencies of the various States, to devise effective means of preventing erosion of the coastal and Great Lakes shores by waves and currents. To fur- nish the technical advice and assistance required in this program, the Chief of Engineers was directed to form a board of seven members to assist in the conduct of studies, review the reports on such investiga- tions and submit recommendations. By executive ruling the agency applying for a cooperative study under this act is required to con- tribute 50 percent of the estimated cost of the investigation. Each study results in a report containing plans and specific recommenda- tions as to methods or means to improve or remedy a condition at a particular locality. A summary of such cooperative studies follows: Number of applications for studies approved prior to July 1, 1954_ __-___ 85 Number of applications for studies approved during fiscal year 19551__ 6 Number of reports completed prior to July 1, 1954----------------------- 93 Number of reports completed during fiscal year -1955----------------------- 4 Number of studies remaining to be completed 2 - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13 ' Does not include 2 additional reports approved for continuing study of State of California. 2 These studies involve 19 localities and will result in 19 reports. Section 5 of the River and Harbor Act approved August 3 0, 1935 (Public Law 409, 74th Cong.) provided that every report submitted to Congress looking to the improvement of the entrance at the mouth of any river or at any inlet for navigation contain information con- cerning the configuration of the shoreline and the probable effect of the proposed improvement on the coastline for a distance of not less than 10 miles on either side of the entrance. The basic law authorizing beach erosion studies was supplemented by the act approved July 31, 1945 (Public Law 166, 79th Cong.), which made it the duty of the Chief of Engineers, through the Beach Erosion Board, in addition to participating in cooperative investigations under the basic law, to make general investigations with a view to preventing erosion of the shores of the United States by waves and currents and determining the most suitable methods for the protection, restoration and development of beaches; and to publish from time to time such useful data and infor- mation concerning the erosion and protection of beaches and shorelines as the Board may deem to be of value to the people of the United States. Federal participation in the cost of protecting the shores of publicly owned property was established in the act approved August 13, 1946 (Public Law 727, 79th Cong.), which declared it to be the policy of the United States to assist in the construction, but not the maintenance, of works for the improvement and protection against erosion by waves and currents of the shores of the United States that are owned by States, municipalities and other political divisions; provided that the Federal contribution toward the construction of protective works shall 1671 1672 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 not in any case exceed one-third of the total costs and that the plan of protection shall have been specifically adopted and authorized by Congress after investigation and study by the Beach Erosion Board. The word "shores" as used in the act includes all the shorelines of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, the Gulf of Mexico, the Great Lakes, estuaries and bays directly connected therewith. At the end of fiscal year 1955 the Board was composed of the fol- lowing members: Col. Wendell P. Trower, United States Army, president; Col. Clarence Renshaw, United States Army, division engineer, North Atlantic Division; Col. William F. Cassidy, United States Army, division engineer, South Pacific Division; Col. Everett A. Hansen, resident member; Mr. Thorndike Saville of New York, dean of the College of Engineering, New York University; Mr. Morrough P. O'Brien of California, dean of the College of Engineer- ing, University of California; Dr. Lorenz G. Straub, engineering consultant, Division of Waterways, Department of Conservation, State of Minnesota. In addition to the foregoing Col. Richard W. Pearson and Col. Herman W. Schull, Jr., United States Army, served on the Board and Col. John U. Allen, United States Army, was detailed as resident member of the Board for a part of the year. During fiscal year 1955, the Board carried out studies and investiga- tions in cooperation with appropriate agencies of various States and territories and with the field offices of the Corps of Engineers to develop effective works for the protection and stabilization of the shores and beaches of coastal and lake waters. The Board completed the review of cooperative beach erosion control reports on Hamlin Beach and Braddock Bay State Parks on Lake Ontario in the State of New York; the city of Kenosha and Manitowoc County in Wisconsin. The Board also completed 6 reports on the beach erosion aspects of navigation improvements as provided in section 5 of the River and Harbor Act approved August 30,1935. The following approved cooperative studies were either in progress or awaiting funds on June 30, 1955. Date ap- Locality proved by Division District ocality Chief of engineer engineer Engineers Berrien County, Mich--............. --......... --............ Oct. 8,1954 NC Detroit. --- Chatham, Mass ....--- _------- ------------ --------- Sept. 23,1954 NE California, State of (continuing study)----- ----------- _ _ Sept. 12,1946 .......... App. III-Santa Cruz County------ . -----.. .. June 7, 1950 SP San Francisco. App. IV-San Diego County: Phase 1....------------------------------------ June 9,1953 SP Los Angeles. Phase 2 ------------------------------------ . _ Aug. 13,1954 SP Do. App. V-Orange County (phase 1)-....-----......------------ June 9,1954 SP Do. App. VI-Humboldt Bay------------------..... .-.-... Jan. 25,1955 SP San Francisco. Carolina Beach, N. C ................................... Apr. 24,1952 SA Wilmington. Connecticut, State of (continuing study)____-__-- ....,___ -- Aug. 28,1947 -.. _.... Area 9-East River to New Haven Harbor_ ------------ May 1,1950 NE Areas 8 and l--Saugatuck River to Byram River------.......--..... do-__,... NE Area 10-Thames River to Niantic Bay----......----------.........--..-.....do--------....... NE Delaware, State of --------------------------------- May 26,1954 NA Philadelphia. Fire Island Inlet and vicinity, New York .. .... ---------------- Dec. 24,1953 NA New York. New Jersey, State of (continuing study)_ _----------------- Apr. 1, 1953 . App. 2-Barnegat Inlet to Cape May Canal entrance-..... Aug. 11, 1954 NA Philadelphia. Palm Beach County, Fla........ ---------------------------- May 18,1955 SA Jacksonville. Pemberton Point to Gurnet Point, Mass__...---------------- July 20, 1950 NE Saco Bay, Maine _........., ........ . ...... . Apr. 19,1955 NE Suffolk County, Long Island, N. Y--------------.... .... Sept. 3,1954 NA New York. Waimea and Hanapepe, T. H------- -------.--... -- .Apr. 19, 1950 SP San Francisco. BEACH EROSION BOARD 1673 The Board has continued general investigations of means of pro- tecting shores and beaches against erosion, in accordance with authori- zation contained in the act approved July 31, 1945 (Public Law 166, 79th Cong.). Publication of the Quarterly Bulletin to disseminate rapidly pertinent information to the public was continued, the 4 issues containing, among other items and reports, 4 papers by staff members. Ten technical papers prepared by the staff were presented before meetings of technical societies for publication in the technical press. A comprehensive report on shore protection, planning, and design was published as a technical report of the Board. Twenty-six technical memorandums were published by the Board, of which 9 were prepared by the staff, 14 were prepared under contract to the Board, and 3 were submitted independently by the authors and were published as containing information pertinent to the work of the Board. One additional technical memorandum was prepared by a contract agency and is now in press; 12 additional papers reporting results of research by the staff were in preparation. In addition 18 reports were prepared for, and issued to, other agencies on projects carried out for them. Delivery has been made on all but one lot of equipment for the wave generator for the large outdoor (prototype) wave tank adjacent to the Board's office building, and the construction contract for installation of the generator was about 74 percent com- plete. Two contracts with universities for research to supplement the staff activities were completed, 7 were continued, and 2 new con- tracts were negotiated. Two projects were prosecuted by the Water- ways Experiment Station of the Corps of Engineers at Vicksburg for the Board. During the year a 1-month meeting of a work group consisting of representatives of the Office, Chief of Engineers, Beach Erosion Board, Missouri River Division and Tulsa district was held at the Beach Erosion Board to prepare a report on wave generation in inland reservoirs. At the end of the year, studies by the staff were in progress on: the characteristics of ocean waves by actual measurement at eight localities; the improvement of wave forecasting procedures for both inland and ocean waters; methods of bypassing sand at inlets; sources of beach material; an analysis of Mission Bay field data; wave runup and overtopping on shore structures; wave runup on permeable beaches; effects of tidal inlets on adjacent beaches; available informa- tion on transport of sand by wind; reforming of waves after break- ing; effect of groin fields on rate of littoral transport; field study of Moriches Inlet, Long Island; reexamination of data on artificially nourished and constructed beaches; economic life of timber and con- crete structures; amount of sand suspended in the surf zone; and adaptation of the wave spectrum analyzer to laboratory and full field use. In addition the staff has worked on 3 research projects for vari- ous defense agencies (of which 1 is still active), 2 research projects for other governmental agencies (both now completed), and 8 mis- cellaneous projects for other Government agencies. CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION This Commission, consisting of 3 officers of the Corps of Engineers appointed by the President with the consent of the Senate, created by the act of Congress approved March 1, 1893 (27 Stat. L., p. 507), was organized in San Francisco, Calif., on June 8, 1893, and has jurisdic- tion and duties extending over the drainage area of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, comprising the great central valley of Cali- fornia and extending from the crest of the Sierra Nevada on the east to that of the Coast Range on the west, and from Mount Shasta and the Pitt River Basin on the north to the Tehachapi Mountains on the south. These rivers empty into the head of Suisun Bay, ultimately discharging into the Pacific Ocean through the connecting bays and straits and the Golden Gate. The duties prescribed by the act creating the Commission are: First: To regulate hydraulic mining in such a way as to permit its resumption and continuance under such restrictions as to prevent the resulting debris from being carried into navigable waters or otherwise causing damage. Second: To study and report upon general hydraulic and hydraulic-mining conditions and matters affecting or affected by them and to make surveys, mature and adopt plans for the purpose of improving the navigability, deepening the channels, and protecting the banks of the rivers, and affording relief from flood damages. While the Commission was to "adopt" plans as a result of its study, the act creating it did not provide means for directly carrying them out. Congress, however, has from time to time adopted certain of the plans formulated by the Commission and charged it with their execu- tion, under the direction of the Secretary of the Army and the super- vision of the Chief of Engineers. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Regulation of hydraulic min- 3. Sacramento River and tribu- ing and preparation of taries, Calif. (debris con- plans ___1675 trol) ------------------ 1679 2. Treatment of the Yuba River Flood control debris situation-restrain- ing barriers, Calif------_ 1677 4. Sacramento River, Calif-.... 1681 1. REGULATION OF HYDRAULIC MINING AND PREPARATION OF PLANS Location. Operations are largely limited to the territory between Mount Lassen on the north and the Yosemite Valley on the south, on the western watershed of the Sierra Nevada. (See U. S. Geologi- cal Survey sheets for the area, 25 in number.) Existing project. This improvement provides for regulating hydraulic mining operations, planning the improvement of conditions upon the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and their tributaries affected by such operations, and the preparation of plans to enable hydraulic mining to be resumed in their drainage areas. In addition, 1675 1676 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the Secretary of the Army is authorized to enter into contracts to supply storage for water and use of outlet facilities from debris storage reservoirs for domestic and irrigation purposes and power development, upon such conditions of delivery, use, and payment as he may approve. Applications of prospective miners are fully investigated by the California Debris Commission and permits to operate are issued to those who provide satisfactory debris-restraining basins by con- struction of suitable dams where necessary or agree to make pay- ment for storage in Government-constructed, debris-restraining reservoirs constructed under the act of June 19, 1934, as set forth below. For location and description of Government-constructed debris-restraining reservoirs for general hydraulic mining see Im- provement No. 3, "Sacramento River and tributaries (debris control), Calif." The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this work is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 1, 1893Created California Debris Commission and author- Ex. Doc. 267, 51st Cong., 2d sess. ized (a) hydraulic mining under its regulation in the Ex. Doc. 98, 47th Cong., 1st sess. drainage areas of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, if possible without injury to the naviga- bility of these river systems or to lands adjacent thereto; and (b) preparation of plans by the Com- mission for improvement of the navigability of these river systems, and flood and debris control therein. Feb. 27, 1907 1 Authorized California Debris Commission to permit (Amendment of sec. 13 of act hydraulic mining without c nstruction of impounding approved Mar. 1, 1893.) works, provided there is no injury to the naviga- bility of the above river systems or the lands adja- cent thereto. June 19,1934.2 Amended act of Mar. 1, 1893, which provides for con- (Amendment of secs. 18 and 23 of struction of debris dams or other restraining works act approved Mar. 1, 1893.) by the California Debris Commission and collection of a 3-percent tax on the gross proceeds of each mine using such facilities, so as to eliminate this tax and substitute an annual tax per cubic yard mined, obtained by dividing the total capital cost of each dam, reservoir, and rights-of-way, by the total capacity of the reservoir for restraint of debris; and authorized revocation of commission orders permit- ting such mining, for failure to pay this annual tax within 30 days after its due date; and also authorized receipt of money advances from mineowners to aid such construction, to be refunded later from the an- nual payments of yardage taxes on material mined. June 25, 1938 $ Added at the end of sec. 23 of above act, a provision (Further amendment of sec. 23 of that the Secretary of the Army is authorized to enter act approved Mar. 1, 1893.) into contracts to supply storage for water and use of outlet facilities from debris storage reservoirs for domestic and irrigation purposes and power devel- opment, upon such conditions of delivery, use, and payment as he may approve, these payments are to be deposited to the credit of such reservoir proj- ect, reducing its capital cost to be repaid by tax on mining operations. 1 Public No. 137 (H. R. 13367). ' Public No.425, 73d Cong. (H. R. 1503). $ Public No. 716, 75th Cong., 3d sess. (H. R. 9881). For latest published map, see Annual Report for 1913, page 3170, and Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 50, 74th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Mine owners are required to bear all expenses incurred in complying with the orders of the Commission for regula- tion of mining and restraint of debris. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1677 Operations and results during fiscal year. Inspections of hydraulic mines were accomplished to determine the rate of debris movement into the debris-restraining basins and/or reservoirs and compliance of the mine owners with the requirements of the licenses issued. Cost of these inspections, regulation of hydraulic mining, issuance of li- censes, and other administrative work was $5,479 during the fiscal year for maintenance. Administrative work overlaps that of im- provements 2, 3, and 4, hereunder and that of the Sacramento Engi- neer District. Condition at end of fiscal year. The Commission has received 1,286 applications for hydraulic mining licenses; 21 mines are licensed, of which 4 use storage behind Government debris dams. Surveys have been made of those portions of Yuba, Feather, Bear, and American Rivers containing large deposits of mining debris; of active mines, except those on the north fork of Yuba River above Bullards Bar Reservoir; and of Bullards Bar and Combie Reservoirs, to determine the rate of debris movement into the several reservoirs. Work remaining to be done is, in general, the continuation of the above or similar operations. The total cost of all work to June 30, 1955, was $753,980, for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ. ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 Maintenance: Appropriated-------------------- $5, 500 $6, 500 $8, 000 $4, 501 $753, 980 Cost-------------- $4,927 6, 585 7,814 7,116 5,479 753, 980 2. TREATMENT OF THE YUBA RIVER DEBRIS SITUATION- RErSTRAINING BARRIERS, CALIFORNIA Location. The works are on the Yuba River between Marysville and where thie river emerges from the foothills, near Hammonton, some 10 miles easterly from Marysville, or about 9 miles below the Narrows. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic map of the Sacramento Valley, Calif.) Eistingproject. This provides for storage of mining debris within the bed of the Yuba River by means of construction of Daguerre Point Dam, a debris barrier, and by the restraint of flow channel to narrow limits by means of training walls and other regulation works. The object of storing this debris in the Yuba River-a nonnavigable stream-is to keep it from passing into the Sacramento and Feather Rivers to the detriment of navigation therein. The variation in water levels due to floods is about 12 feet. The total cost of new work, completed in 1935, was $723,259, of which $361,482 was from United States funds and $361,777 from funds contributed by the State of California. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000, of which $15,000 is from local interests. (For details of this project in its original form, see Annual Report, 1917, p. 1810, "Previous projects.") 1678 RPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 The existing project was adopted in a rather indefinite form by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896, and in its more definite form by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doec. 431, 56th Cong., 1st sess.). (For the latest published map, see U. S. Geological Survey topographic map of the Sacramento Valley, Calif.) Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation are being complied with, progressively with the work. The State of California contributes annually an amount equal to the Federal allotment. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Opera- tions during the year included condition and operation studies, in- cluding maintenance of gages and gage readings; preparation of plans and specifications; repairs to decking on Daguerre Point Dam; and cobble bank protection at mile 4.0 on the left bank, Yuba River, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. In addition, repairs to Daguerre Point Dam were accomplished by contract. ,Total cost of maintenance during the fiscal year was $34,071, of which $17,157 was United States funds and $16,914 contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in November 1902, and completed in 1935. Three training walls, having a total length of 85,100 feet and providing two 500-foot- wide channels, were built, partly by gold-dredging companies and partly by the United States. A cut was made through Daguerre Point and a concrete spillway constructed therein. The channel be- tween Marysville and the training walls were cleared of obstructions. Dikes were built to block off old sand channels. The project has been maintained in a satisfactory condition suitable to the purpose intended and the result has been to hold in the Yuba River millions of cubic yards of mining debris which would otherwise have passed into the channels of Feather and Sacramento Rivers to the detriment of navi- gation. Regulation of the river necessitates annual clearing in the channel to provide adequate capacity for flood flows, and the con- struction of bank revetment or current deflection works to prevent erosion. The State of California annually contributes an amount equal to the Federal funds for maintenance work. The Yuba Consolidated Gold Fields was issued a Department of the Army permit in 1944 for dredging a 600-foot channel which would replace the two 500-foot channels above Daguerre Point Dam. The new channel will give almost a 900 approach for flows toward the crest of the dam. Work under the permit is approximately 50 per.. cent complete. The total cost of the project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: Cost and financial summary Funds New work Maintenance Total United States..---- -------------------------------- $361, 482 $430, 480 $791, 962 Contributed..----.. ......---------------------------------- 361, 777 430,185 791, 962 Total---------------------------------------- 723, 259 860, 665 1, 583, 924 RIVERS AND HARBORS-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1679 FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal, year.enling June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated_--- - ....------------------------------- ------------ ------------ $361,482 Cost--------- ------ ----------- -------- ---------------- ---- -- --- - - - 361,482 Maintenance: Appropriated- ----- -- $9, 207 $52, 554 $30, 000 $15, 000 $15, 000 430, 518 - Cost - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -646 58, 158 19, 408 30, 529 17, 158 430, 480 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ, ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 New work: Appropriated--......... Cost_--- ------------------------- --- --------------------- ---------------------- ---------- --- ---------------------------------- - $361, 777 361,777 Maintenance: Appropriated---...- _ $15, 000 $45, 000 $30, 000 $15, 000 $15, 000 430, 223 Cost--------------- --.... 5, 760 58, 158 19, 464 30, 530 16, 914 430, 185 3. SACRAMENTO RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, CALIFORNIA (DEBRIS CONTROL) Location. The project reservoirs are to be constructed in the water- sheds of the Yuba, Bear, and American Rivers, Calif. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets for the basin areas, seven in number.) Existing project. The project was designed to permit the resump- tion of hydraulic mining on a substantial scale and provides for con- struction of reservoirs for the purpose of retaining mining debris. Harry L. Englebright (Upper Narrows) Dam on Yuba River was completed in 1941 and North Fork Dam on the north fork of American River was completed in 1939. The total Federal cost of this new work was $4,646,872 and the lat- est (1955) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $25,000. The reservoir project sites on the Middle Fork of the American River and on Bear River are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The estimated cost of this portion of the project is $2,298,128 (1935). The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of. August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 50, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map, see the project document. The act approved November 6, 1945, provided that the dam con- structed at the Upper Narrows site on the Yuba River, in the State of California, should thereafter be known and designated as the Harry L. Englebright Dam. Local cooperation. Satisfactory assurances were furnished the Sec- retary of the Army for repayment of the capital cost of the reservoirs from taxes on material hydraulically mined, under licenses, and im- pounded in these reservoirs. 363037-55-vol.2 106 1680 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Opera- tions during the year included maintenance and operation of the Harry L. Englebright and North Fork Dams and appurtenant service facili- ties; preparation of plans and specifications; and condition and opera- tion inspections and studies, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. Repairs to downstream face of dam deflector wall of Engle- .bright Dam were accomplished by contract. In addition, repairs to access roads, North Fork and Englebright Dams, were accomplished by contract. Total cost for maintenance during the fiscal year was .$54,106, from hydraulic mining in California funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the North Fork Dam and Reservoir was initiated in 1937 and completed and in use at the end of the fiscal year 1939. The reservoir is located on the north fork of the American River about 5 miles northeast of the city of Auburn and 40 miles northeast of Sacramento. The dam is 155 feet high, 620 feet long, and the reservoir has a debris storage capacity of .26,000,000 cubic yards. Construction of the Harry L. Englebright Dam was initiated in 1937 and completed in Janary 1941; the reser- voir has been in use for storage of hydraulic mining debris. The ,of reservoir is on the Yuba River about 20 miles northeast of the city Marysville. The dam is 260 feet high, 1,142 feet long, and the .reservoir has a debris storage capacity of 118,000,000 cubic yards. 'The primary purpose of the project was to make possible the re- sumption of hydraulic mining in the tributary watershed for which local interests are required to reimburse the United States according to the volume of debris contributed. However, hydraulic mining activity has practically ceased during recent years. Annual main- tenance activities are required to protect the Federal investment and, in .addition, maintenance of the project benefits the downstream navi- gation projects, primarily the Sacramento River Project, in that it prevents debris deposits in these-channels and thus reduces the annual maintenance costs for the Sacramento River navigation channel. Maintenance of this project also helps to maintain flood-channel capacities in the downstream river reaches. In the case of Harry L. Englebright Dam and Reservoir an additional benefit is realized through the use of the head created for the generation of hydroelectric power. An existing contract with the Pacific Gas & Electric Com- pany calls for payment to the Federal Government of $18,000 per year for the first 30 years and $48,000 per year after that in return for the use of head at Englebright Dam for generation of hydroelectric power. Total payment through December 31, 1952, amounts to about $180,000; these funds are paid directly to the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States for deposit in a fund known as the "Debris Fund." The total cost of the project to June 30, 1955, was as follows: Cost and financial summary Funds New work 1 Maintenance Total 1 'UnitedStates: Regular funds------- ......--------------------------. $4, 646, 872 $284, 992 $4, 931,864 Hydraulic mining in California..__ -------..... ----..... ........ _ .. 155, 913 155, 913 Total,..................... _- .......... 4, 646, 872 440, 905 5,087, 777 See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL--CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1681 Cost and financial summary-Continued Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 priorto 1951 INew work: Appropriated----. . ----------- ---------------------- .--------.--.--. .......------ 1$4, 646, 872 Cost--------- .....----------- ----------. . -- --------------------------------- ......... 4, 646, 872 .Maintenance: Appropriated-------...... -$21, 311 $6, 000 $51, 760 $32, 548 $58, 951 2 455, 093 Cost----------------- 13, 044 15, 333 40,045 39,392 54, 106 3 440,905 1Regular funds; exclusive of $644,503 costs on inactive portion of project. 2 Includes$284,;992 from regular funds and $170,101 from hydraulic mining in California funds. 3 Includes $284,992 from regular funds and $155,913 from hydraulic mining in California funds. ,Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project- -- - (1) 1Exclusive of $1,653,625 (1935) for inactive portion of project. 4. SACRAMENTO RIVER, CALIF., FLOOD CONTROL Location. The works covered by this improvement are on the .Sacramento River and tributaries in north central California from Collinsville to Ord Bend, a distance of 184 miles. Previous project. Improvement of the original project for Sac- ramento River was previously performed under the title of "Allevi- ation of Debris Conditions in the Sacramento and Feather Rivers, California." Debris resulting from hydraulic mining operations and natural erosion had obstructed the channels of these rivers by rais- ing the river beds and reducing the capacity to such an extent that the streams broke through their banks and overflowed large areas during high floods, increasing the shoaling in the channels themselves. The large deposits of debris ini the river channels and its variable movement downstream had impaired their navigability. The construction and operation of hydraulic dredges was authorized with the object of removing deposits from the Sacramento River to improve navigation, with no definite limits in depth, width, or location of the work being prescribed. Work was accomplished from the mouth of the Sacra- mento River, in Suisun Bay at Collinsville, to Rio Vista, 14 miles above, and consisted of channel enlargement and levee construction. Local interests were required to contribute an equal amount toward the cost of the work and, in addition, to provide all rights-of-way for levees and spoil banks free of cost to the United States. These re- quirements were fully complied with. In addition, the State of California constructed a retaining embankment for spoil deposit. This minor project was absorbed in the existing project. The orig- inal project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910 (in accordance with report of California Debris Commission dated June 30, 1907, and printed in Annual Report for 1907, page 2262). For further details, see Annual Report for 1917, page 1815, and Annual Report for 1938, page 1995. Existing project. The Sacramento River Flood Control Project is a comprehensive plan of flood control for the Sacramento River and the lower reaches of its principal tributaries. The improve- ment extends along the Sacramento River from Ord Bend in Glenn 1682 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 County, Calif., downstream to its mouth at Collinsville at the up- per end of Suisun Bay, a distance of 184 miles, and comprises a system,of levees, overflow weirs, drainage pumping plants and flood bypass channels or floodways designed to carry the surplus flood- waters without inundation of valley lands. The project provides for- the enlargement of the Sacramento River below the mouth of Cache Slough to carry the entire flood discharge of the river basin; for making 2 cutoffs between the mouth of the Feather River and Colusa; for the construction of 4 bypass weirs, and reconstruction of Tisdale weir; for construction of drainage outfall gates at Butte Slough1 and at Knights Landing; for the construction of levees along certain reaches of the main river and tributaries; for construction of 3 drain- age pumping plants on the east side of Sutter bypass; for construc- tion of bank protection works and levee setbacks on the main river and tributaries from Ord Bend to Collinsville; for maintenance, during the construction period, of the enlarged river channel below Cache Slough, including revetment of the banks of the enlarged channel, and for operation and maintenance of gaging stations during the same period on navigable rivers and streams. The project also includes, channel clearing, rectification, snagging, and bank protection along the Sacramento River and tributaries in Tehama County from Red Bluff southerly. Approximately 980 miles of levee construction are involved in the project. When completed, the project will provide adequate flood' protection to about 800,000 acres of highly productive agricultural lands and to the cities of Colusa, Marysville, Sacramento and North Sacramento and numerous smaller communities. It will make possible the reclamation of swamps and other land which can be developed to a high degree when protection against flood hazard is assured. The above levee improvements were supplemented by works au- thorized by the Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and May- 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 649, 78th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. 367, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The levee construction and reconstruction provided' for in these authorizations, including levee protection of Upper Butte Basin and multipurpose reservoirs, are reported upon by the Sacramento district under improvement No. 8, "Sacramento River - and tributaries, from Collinsville to Shasta Dam, Calif.," page 1434.. The latest approved estimate (July 1955) of Federal cost for the, existing project (exclusive of the improvements authorized by the Flood Control Acts of Dec. 22, 1944, and May 17, 1950), including new work and maintenance, is $65,500,000, for construction. In addi- tion, local interests have contributed for project work a total of $4,949,438 for levee construction, bank protection works, and levee, setbacks, of which $4,939,752 was for new work and $9,686 for main- tenance. Operation and maintenance of the project after completion will be the responsibility of local interests; as units of the project are completed they are transferred to agencies of' the State of Chli- fornia for operation and maintenance. The estimated cost (1955) to local interests for new work is $105,- 000,000, which includes the costs of levees built by' ]ocal interests,, FLOOD CONTROL-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1683 lands, easements, rights-of-way, and highway, railroad, and bridge alterations. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of March 1, 1917 (H. Doc. 81, 62d Cong., 1st sess., as modified by Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 5, 63d Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928 (S. Doc. 23, 69th Cong., 1st sess.), the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (Senate committee print, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), and the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 205, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928, pro- vided that local interests were to contribute one-half the cost of con- struction of project levees, estimated at $3,191,500, and furnish the lands, rights-of-way, and easements therefor. The modified project which was adopted in the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, provided that the State of California should execute and maintain the remainder of the general flood control proj- ect, now being done or to be done by the United States, and make ille- gal any levee, ditches, or other works in the bypasses or on the lands reserved for overflow that might reduce or impede the flood runoff, unless approved by the California Debris Commission; should hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction works: And provided further, That the bank revetment for protection of levees above Cache Slough, and the levee reconstruction recom- mended in the project document (Senate committee print, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), should not be undertaken until the State of California, po- litical subdivisions thereof, or responsible local agencies have agreed to provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, the rights-of-way for said works, including the cost of all alterations to highways, road crossings, and drainage and irrigation facilities inci- dent to the work, and shall have contributed one-third of the cost of bank revetment and levee reconstruction, with the understanding that the contribution of funds will be made as required by the prog- ress of the work; and the State of California was to undertake the operation of the movable top of Sacramento weir in accordance with the schedules established by the California Debris Commission. The modification of the project authorized in the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, relieves local interests of all future construc- tion costs under the existing project, but requires them to give as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide all needed lands, easements, and rights-of-way free of cost to the United States, (2) bear the expense of necessary highway, railroad, and bridge alterations, (3) hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from construction of the works, and (4) maintain and operate all flood control works after completion, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secre- tary of the Army. The requirements are being complied with as needed. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Continuing contracts, initiated in fiscal year 1954, were completed for work at the following locations: Levee strengthening and bank protection, right bank Sacramento River on Grand Island between Steamboat Slough and Junction Point, and levee construction, west levee Feather 1684 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 River, Cox Ranch upstream to opposite Rio Bonito Station, Butte County. Stockpiling of dredged material for enlarging existing levee on Hastings Tract, approximately 7 miles north of Rio Vista, was completed and shaping of levees on Hastings Tract, was initiated, by hired labor and rented equipment. Removal of Kings levee and clearing of Yolo bypass, Knights Landing, by contract, and normal bank protection at six sites along right and left banks of Sacramento River between river miles 103.8 to 129.5, by continuing contract, were completed. Levee construction and bank protection work, initiated in fiscal year 1954, were completed by contract during the fiscal year as follows: Levee construction, bank protection, and road surfacing, seven sites,. Sacramento River between Colusa and Knights Landing; levee en, largement and bank protection along right bank of Sacramento River and Sutter Slough on Merritt Island; levee enlargement and bank protection, east levee of Sacramento River, Mayberry Slough to Junc- tion Point and both banks of Three-Mile Slough; and levee strength- ening and bank protection, Sacramento River, along Sutter Island. near Courtland. Levee construction, west levee of Sacramento River, Reclamation Districts 307 and 765, initiated in fiscal year 1954, was continued, by contract. In addition, work was initiated at the following locations during the year: Stone protection and levee setback, east levee of Feather River, from Nicolaus Bridge downstream 4,000 feet, by contract;& levee construction and bank protection, east levee, Sacramento River, Georgiana Slough to Freeport, by continuing contract; bank protec- tion, right and left banks, Sacramento River between river miles 92.7 and 99.9, by continuing contract; levee construction, American River, Natomas Canal, Arcade Creek, and Linda Creek, by continuing con- tract; repairs to levee slopes, Twitchell and Sherman Islands, by hired labor and rented equipment; and patrol road, Lindsey and Cache Slough levees, at Lower Hastings Tract, by contract. Miscellaneous work, including surveys, explorations and prepara- tion of contract plans and specifications, was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year under the above contracts. Hired labor was also utilized in the preparation of operation and maintenance manuals and as-built drawings for completed portions of the project. A total of 3,572,204 cubic yards of embankment was placed in levees; along the project waterways during the fiscal year. There was no maintenance work accomplished during the year. Total Federal cost of all new work during the year was $4,179,206. Miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished for the State of California at its expense in connection with acquisition of rights-of- way for levees cost $383,056, for new work. Total cost of all work during the fiscal year was $4,562,262, of which $4,179,206 was from United States funds (regular appropriations) and $383,056 from contributed (nonproject) funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project,, initiated in fiscal year 1918, is approximately 76 percent complete. The channel improvement accomplished to date has produced a chan- FLOOD CONTROL---CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1685) nel with a capacity of 579,000 cubic feet per second in the Sacramento River below Cache Slough. In addition, discharges up to 21,000 cubic feet per second can be diverted from the Sacramento River through Georgiana Slough. Completed major project items include approxi- mately 750 miles of levees; 5 weirs with a combined discharge capacity of 602,000 cubic feet per second; 2 cutoff channels; 2 sets of outfall gates; channel improvement and clearing in the Sacramento River,. Butte Creek, Putah Creek and Sutter and Tisdale Bypasses; construc- tion of 2 main bypasses or floodways and secondary bypasses at Tis- dale and Sacramento weirs and at Wadsworth Canal; construction of Knights Landing Ridge Cut and of Cache Creek settling basin; a considerable amount of river levee bank protection, installation of gaging stations; and enlargement of Sacramento River below Cache Slough. A total of 89,018,074 cubic yards embankment has been placed in levees along the project waterways. The cutoffs at Collins Eddy and between Wild Irishman and Kinneys Bends were made in 1918 and- 1919, respectively. Sacramento weir was completed in 1917, Fremont weir in 1924, Tisdale and Moulton weirs in 1932, and Colusa weir in 1933. Outfall gates at Knights Landing were constructed in 1930 and at the mouth of Butte Slough in 1936. Pumping plants on Sutter by- pass were completed in 1944. Work items with reference to the clear- ing, snagging, rectification of channels, and bank protection on Sacra- mento River and tributaries in Tehama County and from Red Bluff southerly, provided for by Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, were accomplished in fiscal years 1947, 1948, 1949, and 1951. The total cost of this work was $126,355 of which $30,144 was by contract and $96,212 by hired labor. Work remaining to be accomplished includes completion of levees (along Sacramento, American, Feather, and Yuba Rivers, and the adjoining bypasses and tributaries), bank protection, and clearing overflow channels and bypasses; clearing, snagging, and rectification of channels on Sacramento River and tributaries in Tehama County and from Red Bluff southerly; and dredging of the enlarged flood channel below Cache Slough, with continued maintenance dredging until that part of the project below Cache Slough is completed. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1955, is as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States funds: Regular appropriations_ -.....--.-- ------- _ $46, 247, 826 $1, 979, 104 1 $48, 226, 930, Public Works funds--.......---.------------ --- 1,486, 469 1,486, 469, Total United States funds_ ...- .. __ ....- _-_ --- 47, 734, 295 1,979, 104 49, 713, 399, Contributed funds, project work ........- - . ---.-- ._ 4, 939, 752 9, 686 4, 949, 438, Total funds, project work --........................ 52, 674, 047 1, 988, 790 54, 662, 837 Contributed funds (nonproject)__.--.-...-----. - -__ 3, 115, 425 ----------- 3, 115, 425 Total all funds--------------------................................. 55, 789, 472 1, 988, 790 57, 778, 262 1Does not include $429,671, representing book value of plant purchased with previous project funds and transferred to the existing project without reimbursement. 1686 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated __...... $2, 016, 500 $990, 000 $1, 000, 000 $3, 806, 066 $3, 000, 000 $49, 312,394 Cost-...-------------- 2, 341,171 1,839,.652 1, 553, 518 1, 826, 601 4, 179, 206 48, 414, 295 Maintenance: Appropriated.............. _______ 10, 000 - -6, 066 ------- ..... 1, 979,104 Cost_-. 14,901 6, 106 42 ------------------------ 1, 979, 104 1 Includes appropriation and cost of $680,000 for new work for previous project. Includes $1,486,469 Public Works funds for new work for existing project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending Jure 30, 1955 __-$130, 271 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _. 4, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_--------------------------------- 4, 130, 271 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------- __ 1 10,888, 502 1July 1955 index. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955, includ- ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 prior to 1951 1 New work: Appropriated _ ------------ $300, 000000 000 $700, ---------- $9, 094, 571 Cost.-- -------- _- $99, 216 525, 326 $164,132 163, 493 $383, 056 8, 735, 177 Maintenance: Appropriated-------.........------------ -------------------------------------------- 9, 686 Cost------ --------------- ------------------------------------------------- 9,686 1 Includes $680,000 for new work for previous project. Includes $310,801 voluntary contribution for bank protection for existing project. Includes a total of $4,949,438: for existing project work for levee construction bank protection works, and levee setbacks, of which $4 9s9,752 Was fore'new work and $9,686 for maintenance. Includes the following amounts for voluntary contribution for other appurtenant work desired by local interests for the existing project: Appropriations $3,164,018 and cost, $2,804,624. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------ $242. 869 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_-------------- ------------------- ----------- 242, 869 WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS The Chief of Engineers, by letter dated June 18, 1929, to the presi- dent of the Mississippi River Commission, directed the establishment, of a hydraulic laboratory in the alluvial valley of the Mississippi. This institution is the Waterways Experiment Station with installa- tions at Vicksburg, Miss., and Jackson, Miss. It was initially estab- lished in 1929, under the jurisdiction of the President, Mississippi River Commission. By General Order No. 9, Office, Chief of Engi- neers, July 29, 1949, the station was transferred to the direct jurisdic- tion of the Chief of Engineers, effective August 10, 1949. Col. A. P. Rollins, Jr., Corps of Engineers, is Director. The organization comprises the Hydraulics, Soils, Concrete, Tech- nical Services and Construction Services Divisions, and the necessary administrative and service facilities for the conduct of experimental research and development and field exploration work. The Flexible Pavement Branch of the Soils Division conducts airfield, landing mat, and trafficability studies for the Office, Chief of Engineers. The Con- crete and Soils Laboratories also serve as Division Laboratories for the Lower Mississippi Valley Division. The Mississippi River Com- mission Field Printing Plant is located at and operated by the Station. The Experiment Station has as its functions the experimental in- vestigation of problems in hydraulics, soil mechanics, concrete, and flexible pavements presented to the Station for study, as well as re- search and development work in those fields; technical supervision of hydraulic model testing at other Corps of Engineers hydraulic lab- oratories, including the Bonneville Hydraulic Laboratory, St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Laboratory (St. Paul district), and the hydraulic laboratory of the Los Angeles district; prototype testing in fields of* hydraulics, soils, and concrete; and technical supervision over hy- draulic testing performed under contract with universities or other outside agencies for the Corps of Engineers. Work is performed on a reimbursable basis primarily for other Corps of Engineers offices and also, with authority of the Chief of Engineers, for other Government agencies, private concerns, and foreign Governments. The Experi- ment Station maintains close contact with the field in all experimental work, both by Station personnel visiting the field and by engineers from the field visiting the Station while model studies or other testing are in progress. The Waterways Experiment Station is also charged with the as- sembling of experimental engineering data from all sources, domestic and foreign, in the technical fields assigned to it; the translation and interpretation of these data; and the dissemination thereof to other Corps of Engineers offices through its Research Center and technical reference library. During fiscal year 1955, 1 annual summary, 2 WES bulletins, 89 reports of individual studies conducted at the Waterways Experiment Station, and 13 translations of foreign articles were dis- 1687 1688 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 tributed to Corps of Engineers offices and interested outside agencies. In addition, the editing and printing units of the Technical Services Division completed 86 miscellaneous publication assignments for the WES and other offices, making direct distribution for 26 of these assignments. OPERATIONS AND RESULTS DURING FISCAL YEAR All work accomplished at the Waterways Experiment Station is initially financed by the Revolving Fund, reimbursement therefor being obtained directly from agencies for whom the work is per- formed. The cost for operation of the Station for the 12 months end- ing June 30, 1955, amounted to $4,833,709, of which $4,677,865 was charged to establishments served for practical research investigations and related services, and $155,844 for permanent improvements. Of the reimbursable work, $2,503,630 was charged to civil funds, $2,098,- 235 to military funds, and $76,000 to nongovernmental agencies. The total cost incurred for operation of the Waterways Experiment Sta- tion to June 30, 1955, amounted to $51,705,601, of which $42,227,068 was for reimbursable operations and $9,478,533 for the cost of per- =nanent improvements and miscellaneous operating expenses. PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF THE CONGRESSES OF NAVIGATION By an act approved June 28, 1902, Congress appropriated the sum of $3,000 per year for the support and maintenance of the Permanent International Commission of the Congresses of Navigation and for the payment of the actual expenses of the properly accredited na- tional delegates of the United States to the meetings of the congresses and of the Commission. An increase in this appropriation to $5,000 per year was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948. Beginning with the fiscal year 1936, such expenses were paid by allotment from the general appropriation for the improve- ment and maintenance of river and harbor works. In fiscal year 1954 the allotment of funds for these purposes was included under General Expenses, Office, Chief of Engineers, a single year appropriation. The object of the association is the promotion of inland and maritime navigation by means of organized congresses, and the publication of pertinent information. Its headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, but the congresses are held in various countries upon invitation. The association is supported principally by member nations, but the privileges of membership are also extended to corporations, libraries, and individuals. Governments are represented by delegates, the number of delegates being based on the amounts received annually from such governments and their nationals for the expenses of the Commission. Corporate membership may or may not include the privilege of representation by delegates. Two classes of corporate membership are available. The class paying the higher annual sub- scription has the privilege of representation by delegates. Life indi- vidual membership may be secured upon the payment of a single fee for ordinary individual membership upon the payment annually of a fixed fee. The general affairs of the association are managed by a Permanent 'Commission with the assistance of a Permanent Council. The Com- mission is composed of delegates from the supporting governments, ,and the Council is chosen from the members of the Permanent Com- inission, the representation in each case being according to the amount ,of tle annual contribution. Due to the large number of American members of the International Association, an informal national organization known as the Ameri- can Section was authorized by the Chief of Engineers. The American :Section conducts all correspondence and handles all administrative :matters between the American members and the International Asso- ciation. The American members of the International Commission .act informally as the governing body of the American Section. The Assistant Chief of Engineers for Civil Works, United States Army, and the Resident Member of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors are ex-officio members of the Commission, and Chairman and Secretary, respectively, of the American Section. The Secretary is 1689 1690 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 assisted in administering the affairs of the American Section by the, two members of the Permanent Council. During the fiscal year 1955 the United States was represented on: the American Section of the Permanent Commission by Maj. Gen. Philip B. Fleming, United States Army, Retired, chairman to August 24, 1954; Brig. Gen. Emerson C. Itschner, United States Army, ex-officio member and chairman from August 25, 1954; Brig. Gen. Gordon R. Young, United States Army, Retired; Col. Spencer Cosby, United States Army, Retired; Maj. Gen. Glen E. Edgerton, United States Army, Retired; Rear Adm. Wm. H. Smith, United States Navy, Retired; Col. C. L. Hall, United States Army, Retired;: Maj. Gen. Lewis A. Pick, United States Army, Retired; Maj. Gen. John S. Bragdon, United States Army, Retired; and Col. F. H. Falk- ner, Corps of Engineers, United States Army. Colonel Falkner served as Secretary of the American Section. On January 1, 1955, Brig.. Gen. Theron D. Weaver, United States Army, Retired; Dr. Serge G.. Koushnareff, deputy director, Transportation Utilities Division, Bureau of Foreign Commerce, United States Department of Com- merce; Mr. J. Alex Crothers, director, Port Development Department, Delaware River Port Authority; and Mr. Robert W. Abbett, Tip- petts-Abbett-McCarthy-Stratton, engineers, replaced Colonel Cosby,, General Edgerton, General Young, and Admiral Smith, as regular members of the Commission, in accordance with an agreement ap- proved August 24, 1954, by the Secretary of State and the Secretary- of the Army, regarding procedures and policies governing the opera- tion of the American Section of the PIANC. Colonel Cosby and' General Young, because of their long active and devoted service on the Commission, were elected as honorary members of the Commission Representation on the American Section of the Permanent Council: was by General Fleming and Colonel Hall. The annual meeting of the Permanent International Commission was held in Paris, France, on June 7, 1955, when the United States- was represented by Brig. Gen. Theron D. Weaver, chairman; Dr. Serge G. Koushnareff; Dr. Lorenz G. Straub, director of St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Laboratory and dean of the University of Minnesota; Lt. Gen. T. B. Larkin, United States Army, Retired; Maj. Gen. Miles Reber, United States Army; and Col. Henry Walsh, Corps of Engi- neers, United States Army. The principal business of this meeting was to select the subjects to be discussed at the next congress which will be held in London, England, in 1957, and consider a proposal to, establish a Pacific and Indian Regional Office within the present PIANC organization. Semiannual bulletins Nos. 39 and 40 containing technical articles on waterway problems of international interest were distributed to, all members of the American Section, and to Federal agencies con- cerned with maritime matters. The Secretary of the American Sec- tion issued five newsletters at irregular intervals to all corporate andl individual members, informing them of the activities of the associa- tion and citing matters of technical interest. PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CONGRESSES 1691 The membership of the American Section on June 30, 1955, totaled {666 consisting of 58 corporate members and 608 individuals, an in- ,crease of 58 in individual memberships and 37 corporate memberships. Federal funds, limited to $5,000, were expended as follows: Annual United States contribution to the association-------------- $1, 500. 00 Expenses of delegates to annual meeting----------------1-------, 038. 19 Postage and administrative expenses --- - --- 481. 55 Total expenditures to June 30, 1955------------------ 3, 019. 74 Estimated outstanding obligations---------------------------- 1,980.26 Total---------------------------------------------- 5, 000. 00 The past year was marked by a major reorganization of the Ameri- can elements participating in PIANC. The agreement signed by the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Army on August 24, 1954, provided for delegation of authorities to the Chief of Engineers, United States Army, and the Director, Office of Transport and Com- munications Policy, Department of State, and clearly defines their responsibilities and provides for expeditious handling of PIANC affairs. The agreement also established an official relationship be- tween the United States members of the Permanent International Commission and the American Section as well as prescribed specific terms of office. In accordance with this Agreement, on November 8, 1954, the Chief of Engineers approved rules and regulations for the American Section. The principal result of these two documents has been to extend greater opportunities for non-Federal maritime and inland waterway interests to participate with the Federal Govern- ment in the international exchange of technical information. INTEROCEANIC CANAL SURVEYS The proposed canal route across Nicaragua extends from Brito. on the Pacific via the Rio Grande Lake Nicaragua, the Rio San Juan,, and the Rio Deseado to Greytown on the Atlantic, and is 173 miles long. A survey of the Nicaragua route was made in 1901, and Public. Resolution 99, 70th Congress, approved March 2, 1929, authorized a further survey to bring the data up to date, as well as an investigation of additional facilities needed at the Panama Canal, to be made under the direction of the Secretary of War and supervision of the Chief of Engineers, with the aid of such civilian engineers as the President deemed advisable. The President appointed the Interoceanic Canal Board to assist the Chief of Engineers. The Governor of the Panama Canal made the investigation at Panama, and a provisional battalion of United States engineer troops made the survey in Nicaragua. The report of the Chief of Engineers, together with the reports. of the Interoceanic Canal Board, of the Governor of the Panama Canal, and of the officer in charge of the survey, was submitted on December 5, 1931, and published in House Document 139, 72d Con- gress, 1st session. Appropriation for the investigation and survey was $150,000, all of which had been expended by the end of the fiscal year 1943. The.. River and Harbor Act, approved June 20, 1938, authorized the Secre- tary of War to continue the gathering of hydrological data in Nicaragua under the supervision of the Chief of Engineers as recom- mended in House Document 139, 72d Congress, 1st session, and such incidental expenses as may be necessary in connection therewith are_ to be paid from appropriations hereafter made for examinations, surveys, and contingencies of rivers and harbors. Collection and compilation of hydrological and meteorological data was continued by the Inter-American Geodetic Survey, under the, supervision of the Chief of Engineers, in conjunction with its other- activities. During the past fiscal year the collection of these data has involved the operation within the watershed of Lake Nicaragua of a number of rainfall stations, also stations for collection of evaporation data, re- cording lake levels, recording:barometric pressure and humidity, and for gaging wind velocity and temperature. The expenditures for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1955, were $9,481.13, from appropriations made for general investigations, col- lection and study of basic data. The sum of $1,415 has been allotted for continuing the operations, until September 30, 1955, when the program for the collection of basic. hydrologic data will be terminated. 1693 t +. INVESTIGATIONS AND SUPERVISION OF PROJECTS UNDER THE FEDERAL WATER POWER ACT The Federal Water Power Act of June 10, 1920, created the Federal Power Commission, composed of the Secretary of War, Secretary of the Interior, and Secretary of Agriculture, with authority to grant permits and licenses for hydroelectric developments in all waters over which Congress has jurisdiction. The act further required that the work of the Commission be performed by and through the Depart- ments of War, Interior, and Agriculture, and their engineering, tech- nical, and other personnel, except as may be otherwise provided by law. By the act of June 23, 1930, entitled "An act to reorganize the Fed- eral PowerCommission," sections 1 and 2 of the Federal Water Power Act of June 10, 1920, were amended. A commission was provided for to be composed of five commissioners to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The necessity of performing the work through the Departments of War, Interior, and Agriculture was also removed and the Commission authorized to ap- point such officers and employees as are necessary in the execution of its functions. By title II of the Public Utility Act of 1935, approved August 26, 1935, the original Federal Water Power Act was made part I of the Federal Power Act, and parts II and III added to that act. The law also provides that no waterpower license affecting the navigable capacity of any navigable waters of the United States shall be issued until the plans of the dam or other structures affecting navigation have been approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army. There is further provision whereby any person or corporation intending to construct project works in any stream over which Congress has jurisdiction, other than navigable waters, shall file a declaration of intention for the purpose of ascertain- ing whether or not the jurisdiction of the Federal Power Commission will attach. During the past fiscal year work of an engineering nature has been assigned and accomplished as follows: Plans approved by Chief of Engineers and Secretary of the Army in accord- ance with sec. 4 (e) of Federal Water Power Act-------------------- 10 Reports submitted on applications for preliminary permits or licenses or amendments thereto ------------------------------------------- 39 Licenses and permits under supervision 9------------- The necessary expenses of transportation and subsistence of person- nel engaged in investigations and the cost of supervision under the provisions of the Federal Power Act are paid from appropriations made for the Federal Power Commission. All other costs of admin- istration of the laws in question are paid from funds available for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor work. 1695 363037-55-vol. 2- 107 1696 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 During the fiscal year funds were expended as follows for the investigation of waterpower projects in cooperation with the Federal Power Commission and the supervision of operations under waterpower permits and licenses: From appropriations for the Commission ___--__--_-- __----__ __ $61. 80 From appropriations for works of river and harbor improvements-..... 6,000. 00 6, 061. 86 MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS In addition to the work of improving rivers and harbors, civil works of a miscellaneous character as indicated below have been committed to the Corps of Engineers. Reports on international boundary waters are found at the pages listed. Kootenay Lake Board of Control (p. 1707). Lake Champlain Board of Control (p. 1699). Lake of the Woods Board of Control (p. 1706). Lake Ontario Board of Engineers (p. 1701). Lake Superior Board of Control (p. 1705). Massena Board of Control (p. 1699). Niagara Board of Control (p. 1702). Niagara Committee (p. 1703). Osoyoos Lake Board of Control (p. 1708). Prairie Portage Board of Control (p. 1707). Rainy Lake Board of Control (p. 1707). St. Croix River Board of Control (p. 1698). St. Lawrence River Board of Control (p. 1700). Work accomplished. The work of the fiscal year is summarized as follows : Anchorage areas, special, established or modified under the provisions of sec. 1 of the act of Congress of Apr. 22, 1940------------------ -- - 3 Anchorages established or modified under the provisions of sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 4, 1915----------------------------- 4 Bridge plans approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army under the provisions of sec. 9 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3 1899, the General Bridge Act of Mar. 23, 1906, and the General Bridge Act of 1946-------------------------------------- 243 Bridge rules and regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 5 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 18, 1894----------------- 30 Dams, other than water-power structures, plans, approved by Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army under the provisions of sec. 9 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 18995-- ----------------- Danger zone regulations established or modified under the provisions of ch. XIX of the Army Act of July 9, 1918, or sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917---------------------------------------- 5 Harbor lines established or modified under the provisions of sec. 11 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899-----------------------6, Navigation regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917------------------------3 Permits issued for work or structures in navigable waters under the pro- visions of sec. 10 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899-------..., 6,S6 Restricted area regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917--------------- 4 Sunken vessels removed under the provisions of sees. 19 and 20 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899----------- ----------------. a50 1 In addition, 32 extensions of time on bridge plans were approved. 2 In addition, 140 sunken vessels investigated but not removed. 1697 1698 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Appropriations. The funds with which the miscellaneous civil works were prosecuted during the year totaled $1,207,723 and were derived as follows: For investigations, inspections, hearings, reports, service of notice or other action incidental to examination of plans or sites of bridges or other structures built or proposed to be built in or over navigable waters or to examinations into alleged violations of law for the pro- tection and preservation of navigable waters of the United States or to the establishment or marking of harbor lines or establishment of anchorages: Allotted during year-------------------------$483, 871 (These funds were allotted: from river and harbor appropriations in accord- ance with the provisions of sec. 6 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1905.) For the investigation and removal of sunken vessels: Balance on hand July 1, 1954------------------- ----------- 289, 624 Allotted during year---------- -------------------- ------ 434, 227 (These funds were allotted, from the appropriation "Operation and mainte- nance, general, emergency operations, removing sunken vessels and other obstructions to navigation.") Total---------- ----------------------------------- 1, 207, 722 Expenditures. The total expenditures for the fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding liabilities, amounting to $123,022, were $956,487 ex- pended as follows: For investigations, inspections, hearings, and other action incidental to administration of Federal laws ---------------------------- $483, 871 For the removal of sunken vessels- ----------------------- 472, 616 Total 956, 487 - Total funds available-______ ------------ --------------- 1, 207, 722 Total expenditures ------------- $956, 487 Outstanding liabilities --------------------------- 123, 022 Revoked--.----- ------------------- -------------- 33, 619 1, 113, 128 Balance available June 30, 1955 -------------------------- 94, 594 INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY WATERS THE INTERNATIONAL ST. CROIX RIVER BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized pursuant to conditions in the orders of the International Joint Commission ap- proving the maintenance and operation of the dam built by the St. Croix Water Power Company and the Sprague Falls Manufacturing Company, Ltd., across the St. Croix River at Grand Falls in the State of Maine, and subsequent agreements reached between the Govern- ments of the United States and the Dominion of Canada. The Board is charged with the duty of formulating and admin- istering rules under which the powerplant and accessories are to be operated to prevent as nearly as possible a level of water at the dam higher than 203.5 (mean sea-level datum), and to secure the users of water below Grand Falls the flow of water to which they are entitled. The Board is also charged with the supervision of the oper- ation of all fishways on the portion of the St. Croix River that forms the international boundary. MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1699 On October 2, 1934, the International Joint Commission issued an order approving the reconstruction of the dam, owned by the Cana- dian Cottons, Ltd., extending across the St. Croix River from Mill- town in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada, to Milltown in the State of Maine, United States of America, which contained the follow- ing conditions: 1. That the reconstructed dam be so operated as to ensure that the forebay levels rise to no higher elevation than that which has hereto- fore obtained in the operation of the dam now being replaced. 2. That during times of flood the sluiceways of the dam shall be sufficiently open to ensure the passage of the river flow. 3. That the operation of the dam, insofar as is necessary to ensure the observance of the provisions of this order, be under the supervision of the International St. Croix River Board of Control. Members, of the Board. The members of the Board for the fiscal year 1955, were Mr. T. M. Patterson, Water Resources Division, De- partment of Northern Affairs and National Resources, serving as Canadian member, and Col. R. W. Pearson, Corps of Engineers, serv- ing as United States member, succeeded by Col. Robert J. Fleming, Jr., Corps of Engineers, on January 15, 1955. Operationsduring the fiscal year. Supervision was maintained and an inspection by the Canadian member was made to ensure that the regulations of the International Joint Commission were carried out. A report on the findings of the inspection made by a representative of the United States member in June 1954, of the Vanceboro and For- est City Reservoir Dams, was submitted on July 26, 1954. INTERNATIONAL LAKE CHAMPLAIN BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized pursuant to the provisions of the orders, dated June 10, 1937, of the International Joint Commission, approving the construction and operation of cer- tain remedial works in the Richelieu River at Fryers Island in the Province of Quebec, Dominion of Canada. The Board is charged with the responsibility of ensuring compliance with the provisions of the order of approval insofar as they relate to the regulation of the levels of Lake Champlain. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for fiscal year 1955 were Mr. T. M. Patterson of the Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Water Resources Division, for Canada, and, for the United States, Col. A. H. Davidson, Corps of Engineers, from July 1, 1954, to August 31, 1954, and Col. John T. O'Neill, Corps of Engineers, from September 1, 1954, to June 30, 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. The construc- tion of the Fryers Island Control Dam was completed in December 1938. Gates have been installed but have not been operated, pending excavation of the natural river control upstream from the dam. INTERNATIONAL MASSENA BOARD OF CONTROL Constitutionand duties. An order of the International Joint Com- mission issued after a hearing on the application of the St. Lawrence River Power Co. for permission to continue to maintain the sub- merged rock weir constructed by the company in the south Sault 1700 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 Channel of the St. Lawrence River, authorized the maintenance of the weir and, among other things, provided for a board of engineers to pass upon and control the new and old works involved. Menmbers of the Board. The Canadian member of the Board for the fiscal year was Mr. T. M. Patterson, director, Engineering and Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and Na- tional Resources, Ottawa. In letter to the Secretary of State dated February 26, 1944, the Secretary of the Army designated the district engineer, Buffalo, N. Y., as ex-officio United States member. Col. Philip R. Garges was district engineer to July 31 and Col. Loren W. Olmstead since that date. Operations during the fiscal year. The Board kept in touch with conditions by means of inspections and with respect to the diversion by means of monthly reports of the power company, showing the amount of water diverted and powerhouse performance from day to day. The weir was last inspected by a representative of the district engineer on May 13, 1955. INTERNATIONAL ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The International St. Lawrence River Board of Control was appointed in February 1954, pursuant to the provisions of the Order of Approval, dated October 29, 1952, issued by the International Joint Commission for the construction of certain works for development of power in the International Rapids section of the St. Lawrence River. The Board is charged with performing the duties assigned to it in the Commission's Order of Approval which includes the following items that are pertinent during the period of construction: a. The Board is to keep itself currently informed of the plans of the St. Lawrence River Joint Board of Engineers insofar as these plans relate to water levels and the regulation of the discharge of water from Lake Ontario and the flow of water through the International Rapids section, and to consult with and advise the Joint Board of Engineers thereon. b. The Board is to determine the gages, measurements and other services to be provided by the Hydroelectric Power Commission of Ontario and the Power Authority of the State of New York in order to furnish accurate records relating to water levels and the discharge of water through the International Rapids section. c. In addition to the reports to be made to the Commission in ac- cordance with the terms of the Order of Approval and the normal semiannual reports, the Board is to keep the Commission currently informed with regard to the discharge of water from Lake Ontario and the flow through the International Rapids section. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for fiscal year 1955 were: Mr. T. M. Patterson, Engineering and Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Mr. J. B. Bryce, hydraulic engineer Hydroelectric Power Commission of Ontario, and Mr. Rene Dupuis, Commissioner, Hydroelectric Power Commission of Quebec, for Canada; and Mr. G. A. Hathaway, Office of the Chief of Engineers, Department of the Army, Mr. F. L. Adams, Chief, Bureau of Power, Federal Power Commission, and Mr. B. D. MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1701 Tallamy, director, New York State Thruway Authority, for the United States. Activities during the fiscal year. a. During the period July 16-18, 1954, inspected the St. Lawrence River from Montreal to Lake On- tario by boat; inspected the Long Sault Dam and Barnhard Island powerhouse sites and construction activities on June 15-16, 1955; met in Ottawa on October 4, 1954; and in Washington, D. C. on February 17, 1955; held joint meeting with the St. Lawrence River Joint Board of Engineers on February 18, 1955; met April 1, 1955, in Washington, D. C.; in Islington, Ontario, on 15 April; and in Montreal, Quebec, on June 14, 1955. b. Design briefs and plans and specifications for various features of the St. Lawrence River power project which affect water surface elevations and discharges or velocities in the International Rapids section were received from the Joint Board of Engineers for comment and recommendations. Action was taken and recommendation re- ported to the Joint Board of Engineers on the following: (1) Reloca- tion of Iroquois control dam and (2) plan of enlargement, Ogden Island Reach. c. By joint action with the Joint Board of Engineers and through the medium of a joint working committee on river gaging, installa- tion of 30 water level gages was completed and arrangements made for metering of the discharge of the St. Lawrence River at Massena Point and Weaver Point. d. The Board submitted progress reports to the International Joint Commission in October 1954 and April 1955. INTERNATIONAL LAKE ONTARIO BOARD OF ENGINEERS Constitution and duties of Board. The International Lake Ontario Board of Engineers was appointed by the International Joint Com- mission in April 1953, under the reference of June 25, 1952, relative to Lake Ontario levels. The Board is concerned primarily with the determination of measures which can be taken to regulate the levels of Lake Ontario for the benefit of shore property owners, with due regard for the proposed plan for St. Lawrence seaway and power development. The Board was requested by the Commission to advise the Commission, through interim reports, on problems which might be resolved prior to completion of the Board's studies. At its April 10, 1953, meeting, the Commission orally instructed the Board to give priority to the problems in that portion of Lake Ontario concerned with Gut Dam. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for fiscal year 1955 were: Mr. T. M. Patterson, director, Engineering and Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, for Canada, and Mr. G. A. Hathaway, special assistant, Office, Chief of Engineers, Department of the Army, for the United States. Activities during the fiscal year. The Board, assisted by its work- ing committee, has pressed vigorously the studies assigned to it, as follows: (a) a study of the various factors which affect the fluctua- tions of the water levels of Lake Ontario including the construction in the St. Lawrence River known as Gut Dam and the diversions of 1702 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 water into or out of the Great Lakes Basin; and (b) a study of regu- lation plans for Lake Ontario to determine if a more beneficial range of the water levels of Lake Ontario can be obtained for the benefit of shore-property owners so as to reduce the extremes of stage which have been experienced, having regard to the proposed plan for im- provement of navigation and power for the International Rapids section of the St. Lawrence River and the proposed method of the regulation of the levels of Lake Ontario, which is an essential feature of that plan. In connection with the studies outlined in (a) above, interim re- ports on the effects of Gut Dam and diversions of water into or out of the Great Lakes basin on fluctuation of the water levels of Lake Ontario are being prepared for submission to the International Joint Commission. With reference to the regulation studies referred to in (b) above, the Board submitted an interim report on regulation of Lake Ontario which was presented to the Commission at the March 14-16 meeting of the Commission. The purpose of the report was to furnish information as a basis for the Commission to reach a con- clusion on the most appropriate range of stage for regulation of Lake Ontario, in order that a final regulation plan could be developed at the earliest practical date. In this regard the Commission issued a press release March 16, 1955, containing certain proposed criteria for a new method of regulation, as a substitute for method No. 5, which would fulfill the basic re- quirements of the Commission's Order of Approval of October 29, 1952, while affording benefits to all interested parties. Among other things, the new plan would be designed to reduce the wide range of fluctuation of levels (up to 6.6 feet) which have prevailed on Lake Ontario in the past. Under the proposed regulation and for his- torical supply conditions, the maximum monthly mean level of Lake Ontario would not exceed 248.0 feet, while the minimum monthly mean level, during the period April 1 and November 30, would not fall below 244.0 feet. On request of the Commission, the Board prepared, and submitted in June, a report on the effect on water levels of Lake Ontario of an increase of 1,000 cubic feet per second in the diversion at Chicago for a period of three years. The Board submitted progress reports to the International Joint Commission in October 1954 and April 1955. INTERNATIONAL NIAGARA BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was established August 19, 1953, by directive of the International Joint Commission, to supervise the construction, maintenance and operation of the Niagara remedial works recommended by the International Joint Commission in its 1953 report, "Preservation and Enhancement of Niagara Falls". Members of the Board. The Board consists of 4 members, 2 repre- senting the United States and 2 representing Canada. During fiscal year 1955, the United States members of the Board were Col. W. P. Trower, division engineer, North Central Division, Corps of Engi- neers, who was succeeded as division engineer on June 6, 1955, by Brig. Gen. P. D. Berrigan, and Mr. F. L. Adams, Chief, Bureau of MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1703 Power, Federal Power Commission. The International Joint Com- mission appointed General Berrigan a member of the Board, effective June 21, 1955, and in the same action designated the division engineer, ex-officio, a member and chairman of the United States section of the Board. The Canadian members of the Board for fiscal year 1955 were Mr. T. M. Patterson, director, Engineering and Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, and Mr. A. A. Anderson, chief engineer, Department of Public Works, Ottawa, Ontario, until his retirement February 11, 1955. Mr. Ander- son was succeeded on the Board by Mr. G. H. Thurber, superintending engineer for Harbors and Rivers, Department of Public Works. Activities during fiscal year 1955. Assisted by a working committee appointed by the Board in October 1953, consisting of two members each from technical agencies in the United States and Canada, the Board has reviewed and approved the designs and procedures sub- mitted thus far by the construction entities. During fiscal year 1955, no construction contracts were awarded by the Canadian construction entity, Hydroelectric Power Commission of Ontario. A hired labor force is being employed to accomplish the construction on the Canadian portion of the remedial works. The $1,785,567 contract awarded by the Canadian construction entity dur- ing fiscal year 1954 to Canadian Vickers, Ltd., for design and manu- facture of the gates and operating machinery of the Chippewa-Grass Island Pool control structure is 89 percent complete as of June 30, 1955. The construction entity for the United States, the Buffalo District, Corps of Engineers, awarded a contract in the amount of $24,174 to McLain Construction Corporation for construction of a gage house above the falls, adjacent to the American channel in the vicinity of the Old Wing Dam. This contract has been completed during fiscal year 1955. The contract for excavation and fill on the Goat Island flank of the Horseshoe Falls, awarded the McLain Construction Corpora- tion during fiscal year 1954, was increased in amount from $595,741 to $603,204 by change order and a change order in the amount of $111,217 is pending as of June 30, 1955. The Board reviewed and approved the plans and specifications for each of the above contracts. The Board submitted semiannual reports to the International Joint Commission in October 1954 and April 1955. INTERNATIONAL NIAGARA COMMITTEE History. The International Niagara Board of Control was consti- tuted in August 1923, to measure and supervise the diversion of waters from the Niagara River so that the level of Lake Erie and the flow of the stream shall not be affected, in accordance with the provisions of Article V, of the Boundary Waters Treaty of January 11, 1909. Arti- cle V of the treaty limited the authorized daily diversion by Canada to 36,000 cubic feet per second and by the United States to 20,000 cubic feet per second. By an exchange of notes between the Secretary of State and the Canadian minister in Washington, an additional diversion of 5,000 cubic feet per second for Canada was authorized October 14, 1940. The following year, additional temporary emergency diversions of 3,000 cubic feet per second for Canada, and 5,000 cubic feet per second for 1704 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the United States, as arranged in an exchange of notes dated May 20, 1941, were authorized. A further exchange of notes on November 27, 1941, authorized additional temporary emergency diversions of 7,500 cubic feet per second for the United States, and 6,000 cubic feet per second for Canada. An additional emergency diversion of 4,000 cubic feet per second for Canada was authorized by a further exchange of notes on May 3, 1944. On December 16, 1948, an exchange of notes provided for the continu- ation of 4,000 cubic feet per second emergency diversion, authorized in the exchange of notes on May 3, 1944, and an increased Canadian di- version through the DeCew plant of 2,500 cubic feet per second during the nonnavigation season until April 15, 1951. Constitution and duties of committee. The treaty of 1950 between Canada and the United States concerning uses of the waters of the Niagara River was signed on February 27, 1950. By its provisions, the limitations on use of diversion water for power in accordance with article V of the treaty of 1909 are terminated, and temporary interna- tional agreements for the allocation of waters of the Niagara River for power purposes are replaced. In accordance with provisions of article VII of the 1950 treaty, a representative was appointed by each Government who, acting jointly, shall ascertain and determine the amounts of water available for the purposes of this treaty, and shall record the same, and shall also record the amounts of water used for power diversions. These representatives in effect continue the func- tions of the 1923 Board, however, pending official designation by the two Governments, the interim title "International Niagara Control Board" was employed in previous annual reports. By an exchange of notes during January 1955, the two Governments officially designated the representatives appointed in conformance with article VII of the 1950 treaty as the International Niagara Committee, effective Janu- ary 1, 1955. In the same exchange of notes, the International Niagara Board of Control established in 1923 was abolished, effective August 19, 1953. With regard to flows and diversions, the treaty of 1950 became ef- fective October 10, 1950. Under terms of the treaty, all waters in excess of certain minimum flows which are required to maintain the scenic spectacle at the falls are available for diversions for power, and with the exception of the 5,000 cubic feet per second authorized for Canadian diversion October 1940, are to be allocated equally between both countries. However, pending availability of sufficient power development capacity on one side of the river, the unused portion of its share of the water may be utilized in spare capacity on the other side. Under terms of the treaty, minimum flows over the falls shall be not less than 100,000 cubic feet per second between 8 a. m. and 10 p. m., eastern standard time, from April 1 to September 15, and 8 a. m. to 8 p. m. from September 16 to October 31. At all other times, the flow over the falls shall be not less than 50,000 cubic feet per second. Members of the committee. The committee consists of 2 members, 1 representing the Dominion of Canada and 1 representing the United States. During fiscal year 1955 the Canadian representative was Mr. T. M. Patterson, director, Engineering and Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Ottawa, M1ISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1705 and the United States representative, ex-officio, was the division engineer, North Central Division, Corps of Engineers, Chicago, Ill. Col. W. P. Trower was division engineer until retirement on June 6, 1955, when he was succeeded by Brig. Gen. P. D. Berrigan. Operations during the fiscal year. The committee received daily reports of operations of the seven hydroelectric generating stations on the Niagara River, all of which divert water above the falls. These reports, submitted in the form prescribed by the committee showing for each hour the quantities of water diverted by each plant, were checked by the committee. Monthly and annual summaries were prepared. Weekly and intermittent inspections of all plants were made by representatives of the committee, jointly and individually, to obtain independent watt-meter readings of power output and to assure that all provsions of the treaty were complied with. Records of water levels in the Niagara River above and below the falls were obtained by means of self-registering gauges. The Annual Report of Niagara River Diversions for calendar year 1952, was submitted by the International Niagara Committee to Office, Chief of Engineers for transmittal to the Department of State. INTERNATIONAL LAKE SUPERIOR BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board, established in pursuance of orders issued by the International Joint Commission, May 26, 1914, is charged with the supervision of the operations of all compensating works and all power canals and appurtenances with a view to so con- trolling the outflow from Lake Superior as to maintain its level as nearly as possible between elevations 602.1 and 603.6 feet above mean tide at New York, and to so controlling the outflow as to prevent the level of St. Marys River below the locks from exceeding eleva- tion 584.5. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for fiscal year 1955 were the division engineer, North Central Division, Corps of Engineers, ex-officio representative for the United States and Mr. T. M. Patterson, director, Engineering and Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, representa- tive for Canada. Col. W. P. Trower was division engineer until retirement June 6, 1955, when he was succeeded by Brig. Gen. P. D. Berrigan. Operationsduring the fiscal year. The Board kept in touch during the year with conditions pertaining to the regulation of Lake Su- perior, through representatives of Canada and the United States on the ground, and by means of regular and systematic reports of the water levels in Lake Superior, in channels of the St. Marys River above and below the Sault locks, and in Lake Huron. Records of discharge at Sault Ste. Marie through the rapids, navigation canals, and powerplants were also systematically reported to the Board. A joint inspection of the compensating works was made by members of the Board on October 18, 1954, at which time the structure in gen- eral and the operating parts were found in more or less satisfactory condition. The needed maintenance and painting of the Canadian gates mentioned in the previous report had not been carried out with 1706 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 the result that the Board visited the offices of the Great Lakes Power Company, Ltd., and advised the general manager that action to im- prove maintenance conditions of the dam was essential. The general manager assured the Board that the various maintenance matters would be followed up and arrangements would be made to paint the gates and steel structure as soon as weather conditions would permit. Usual maintenance procedures were followed on the United States gates. No repairs were required thereon during the fiscal year. Changes in the rate of outflow from Lake Superior are directed by the Board as indicated by the current operating rule curve. The net supplies to Lake Superior during the past year have been somewhat below average. Lake Superior levels at the beginning of fiscal year 1956 are approxi- mately 0.6 foot lower than those occurring during the same period of fiscal year 1955. It appears that the maximum seasonal crest during fiscal year 1956 will approximate 602.3 with continuance of the pres- ent supply trend. On April 4, 1955, the United States member of the Board submitted copies of the Board's Annual Report, for the calendar year 1954, to the United States section of the International Joint Commission. Copies of this report were furnished the Office, Chief of Engineers. LAKE OF THE WOODS WATERSHED The members of the International Lake of the Woods Control Board, the International Rainy Lake Board of Control and the Inter- national Prairie Portage Board of Control for the fiscal year were Mr. J. D. McLeod, for Canada, and Col. Aldo H. Bagnulo, Corps of Engineers, and Col. Otto J. Rohde, Corps of Engineers, in turn, for the United States. INTERNATIONAL LAKE OF THE WOODS OONTROL BOARD The convention between the United States and Great Britain pro- claimed July 17, 1925, provides for the regulation of the level of the Lake of the Woods in order to secure to the inhabitants of the United States and Canada the most advantageous use of the waters thereof, and of the waters flowing into and from the lake on each side of the boundary between the two countries. The convention also provides for the establishment and mainte- nance of a Canadian Lake of the Woods Control Board to regulate and control the outflow of the waters of the lake, and for the estab- lishment and maintenance of an International Lake of the Woods Control Board, composed of 2 engineers, 1 representing the United States and the other representing Canada, to whose approval the rate of total discharge shall be subject whenever the elevation rises above elevation 1,061 or falls below elevation 1,056, sea-level datum. Operationsduring the fiscal year. Supervision was maintained and inspections were made to ensure that every effort was being made to comply with the provisions of the convention. MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1707 INTERNATIONAL RAINY LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL The convention between the United States and Canada, ratified by the United States Senate August 30, 1940, provides in part that: The International Joint Commission * * * is hereby clothed with power to determine when emergency conditions exist in the Rainy Lake watershed, whether by reason of high or low water, and the Commission is hereby empower- ed to adopt such measures of control as it may seem proper with respect to existing dams at Kettle Falls and International Falls, as well as with respect to any existing or future, dams or works in boundary waters of the Rainy Lake watershed, in the event the Commission shall determine that such emergency conditions exist. On June 8, 1949, the Commission issued an order to the owners of the dams at the outlet of Namakan Lake and Rainy Lake, which pro- vided for a method of regulation as recommended by the International Rainy Lake Board of Control. The order provides for certain levels; during the various seasons of the year as well as control of outflows, with the view to securing the most advantageous use of the water in total to the various interests. Operations during the fiscal year. Inspections were made, basin data compiled, and engineering reports were submitted to the Com- mission. INTERNATIONAL PRAIRIE PORTAGE BOARD OF CONTROL The Prairie Portage Board of Control was formed by the Inter- national Joint Commission for the purpose of furnishing it with tech- nical advice regarding the suitability of the dam structure at Prairie Portage, Lake County, Minn. After approval of the plans by the Department of the Army, and the International Joint Commission, the Board has been retained to advise the Commission further regard- ing progress of construction and regarding any other matters which might arise concerning this project. The United States Forest Service constructed a cofferdam before World War II but postponed work on the project during the war. Work has not been resumed. INTERNATIONAL KOOTENAY LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized to secure com- pliance with the provisions of the orders of the International Joint Commission dated November 11, 1938, and August 5, 1949, relating: to the construction and operation of control works by the Consoli- dated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada, Ltd., through the, West Kootenay Power & Light Company, Ltd., in and adjacent to the channel of the Kootenay River, and the regulation of the levels of Kootenay Lake in the Province of British Columbia. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for the fiscal year were Mr. W. C. Warren and Mr. H. T. Ramsden, Water Re- sources Division, Department of Northern Affairs and National Re- sources, Vancouver, British Columbia, for Canada, and Col. N. A. Matthias, Corps of Engineers, and Mr. T. R. Newell, United States Geological Survey, Boise, Idaho, for the United States. Operations during the fiscal year. One formal meeting was held to prepare a report on the proposed amendment of conditions Nos. 7 1708 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1955 and 8 contained in the application dated March 23, 1954, of the Cres- ton Reclamation Company, Ltd., and the Duck Lake Dyking District for an order amending the order of the Commission made on October 12, 1950. This report was requested by the International Joint Com- mission, who asked that it be submitted through the International Columbia River Engineering Board. The report was forwarded to the Board on May 20, 1955. A routine check was made to insure compliance by the licensee with the terms of the orders governing storage in Kootenay Lake. The annual report was submitted to the Commission. INTERNATIONAL OSOYOOS LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. A special board of engineers was con- stituted to insure compliance with the provisions of the order of the International Joint Commission dated July 12, 1943, directing investigation of high water conditions on the Okanogan River and studies of the relationships between certain obstructions, complained of in an application by the State of Washington, and the levels of Osovoos Lake. The Board was enlarged from 2 to 4 members by an order of the Commission dated September 12, 1946, to carry out the provisions of the order relative to the operation of the Zosel Dam. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for the fiscal year were Mr. W. C. Warren, Water Resources Division, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Vancouver, British Columbia, and Mr. C. F. P. Faulkner, Department of Public Works, Canada, New Westminister, British Columbia, for Canada, and Mr. F. M. Veatch, United States Geological Survey, Tacoma, Wash., and Col. N. A. Matthias, Corps of Engineers, for the United States. Operations during the fiscal year. No formal meetings of the Board were held during the fiscal year. Supervision was maintained to insure compliance with the provisions of the International Joint Commission. The annual report was submitted to the Commission. INDEX A Page Abbapoola Creek, S. C--- ----------------------------------------- 320 Aberdeen, Ohio------------------------------------------------ 936 Abilene, Smoky Hill River, Kans-------------------------------. 746, 767 Abiquiu Dam, N. Mex-------------------------------------------- 662 Abrahams Creek, Pa------------------------------------------- 219 Absecon Creek, N. J------------------------------------------- 175 Absecon Inlet, N. J ------------------------------------------- 165 Accotink Creek, Va------------- ------------------- ---------- 248 Adams Bayou, Tex--------------------------------------------- 574 Adams, Hoosic River Basin, Mass_---------------------- ------- 118 Adams levee unit, Indiana________________ ____---____- __----- __ 900 Addicks Reservoir, Tex_---------------_______________________ 622 Addison, Ky -------- ------------------------------------------ 823 Addison, N. Y----------------------- ------------- ------------ 125 Adena, Ohio---------------------------- 994 Adger, Ala------ --------------------------------------------- 430 Agate Bay (Two Harbors) Minn ---------------------------------- 1005 Ahnapee River, Wis_____- ---- ___----------- - - -__ __- 1104 Aitkin, Minn., Mississippi River near_____ _____ ____- __-- 1046 Akron, Ala -------------------- ---- ----- ------------------ 430 Alabama-Coosa Rivers, Ala. and Ga 426, 448 Alafia River, Fla-------- ------ ------- ----- ------------------ 379 Alamo Reservoir, Bill Williams River, Ariz______ ________ _ 1360 Alamogordo Dam, Modification of, Pecos River, N. Mex------- Alaska engineering district _- - -______-__ ___--------_ 1605 Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal, N. C. and Va., improvement Albeni Falls, Idaho ----------------------------------------- ---------- 275 1571 Albuquerque Diversion Channels, N. Mex__ ___ _____--- ----- 667 Albuquerque, N. Mex., engineering district -------------------------- 659 Alexandria, Va., improvement of Potomac River at--------------------249 Algiers Lock, La __---------------------------------------- 458, 459, 461 Algoma Harbor, Wis__--------------------------------------- 1104 Alhambra, Wash., Los Angeles, Calif______________-_________ - 1338 Alice, Tex ---------------------------------------------------- 655 Aliso Creek Dam, Calif____ -------------------------------- 1348, 1360 Allatoona Reservior, Coosa River Basin, Ga---- ----------- _445 Allegany on Allegheny River, N. Y ____ -------------------- _ - 994 Allegheny River, Pa. and N. Y.: Construction of locks and dams--------------------------- 943, 945 Flood control reservoirs_ ------------ - -------- - ------ -- 995 Improvement by open channel work_-----____----_ _---------957 Allentown, Lehigh River, Pa_ -________-_-__.---------- 176 Alligator River, N. C--- ---------------------------------------- 289 Alloway Creek, N. J--------------------------------------------175 Allyns Point, Thames River, Conn__ 26 Alma, Wis., harbor-------------------- ------------------------ 1079 Lock No. 4 ---------------------------------------------- 1076 Almond Reservoir, N. Y________ 121, 127 Aloha-Rigolette area, Louisiana ___ _________----- ___-- - 493, 506 Alpena Harbor, Mich ------------------------------------------ 1227 Altamaha River and Sound, Ga_ ------ ___________ _- - - 333, 342 Alton, Ill., Urban areas______------5___ _________________- - 566, 1077 Alton, Ind_ ------------------- 900, 904 Altus (Lugert) Reservoir, Okla__________________________ -737 _______- Amazon Creek, Oreg------------------------------------------- 1520 1709 1710 INDEX Page Ambrose Channels, New York Harbor, N. Y., improvement_ - 96 American Channel Mich _ _ 1173 American River, Calif_ ----------------------------------- 1442 Amherstburg Channel, Detroit River, Mich., improvement------------- 1171 Amite River, La_-----------------------------------------------_ 492 Amsterdam, Ohio_---------------------------------------------_ 999 Anacortes Harbor, Wash___---------------- 1570 Anacostia River, D. C. & Md---________ __-- -________- ____- 231, 249 Reclamation and development of the flats--- ------- __--- --- _ 248 Anaheim Bay Harbor, Calif. Beach Erosion Control-------------------1363 Anahuac Channel, Tex_______---- -_____-__________-____- - - - 598 Anchorage at Lowes Wharf Md_________________________-__ --- _ 216 Anchorage Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y_____________________ 83, 96 Anclote River, Fla__________________ ________ 373, 386 Anderson, Ind ------------------------------------------ 904 Andover Reservoir, Conn_________ ___---_______ _______- 49, 63 Angelina River, Tex -------------------------------------------- 628 Annapolis Harbor, Md 219 Annisquam River, Mass__ __________________37 Anthony Shoals Reservoir, Ga------------------------------------338 Anthony, Tex ------------------------------------------------- 675 Apalachicola Bay, Fla., to Mexican border---------------------------399 Apalachicola Bay, Fla., to St. Marks River, Fla__ 400 Apalachee Bay, Fla. to New Orleans, La.._____.___-____-__ 401 Apalchicola River to St. Andrew Bay, Fla --- _------ -- __- ___- 400 Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla---------- 405, 444 Aplin, Ark Apoon Mount of Yukon River, Alaska _---------------__ --------------------------------------------------- Appleton Lock and Dam, Wis______---_ ___--- __------------1099 702 1612 Appomattox River, Va_ 279 Appoquinimink River, Del__--------------------------------------- 175 Aqueduct, Washington, D. C., maintenance and repair of--------------- 243 Aquia Creek, Va-------------------------------------------- 248 Aransas Bay and Pass., Tex ------------------------------------- 581 Arcadia Harbor, Mich__-- --------- ----- 1227 Arcadia Wash, Calif ------------------------------------------- 1338 Arecibo Harbor, P. R ------------------------------------------- 386 Arkabutla Reservoir, Miss_-------------------------------------- 1629 Arkansas River and Tributaries, Ark. and Okla.: Tulsa District ------------------------------------ 680, 731 Little Rock District ---------------------------------677, 681,698 Vicksburg District --------------------- --------------- 517, 684 Arkansas River Basin, Colo.: Flood control Pueblo, Colo------------------------------------673 John Martin Reservoir, Colo_____________ __________________ 659 Arkport Reservoir, N. Y----------------------------------------121 Arlington, Oreg Arlington, Oreg-----------------------------------------------1541 1541 Arlington Reservoir, Mo_______________________ _____ 746, 767 Arnaudville, La ----------------------------------------------- 483 Arroyo Colorado, Tex_ -------- -- ------- 581 Arthur Kill, N. Y. and N. J ---------------------------------- 101, 107 Artesia Diversion Channel, N. Mex---- __-------------_ 672 Arundel Cove, Md --------------------------------------------- 186 Ash Creek, Conn ----------------------------------------------- 38 Ashepoo River, S. C., improvement of waterway via ------------------- 310 Ashland Harbor, Wis 1014 Ashland, Ky_---------------------------------------------- 822, 936 Ashland City, Tenn -------------------------------------------- 833 Ashley River, S. C_ - ---------------- 316 Ashtabula Harbor and River, Ohio------------ 1248 Ashuelot River, N. H ------------------------------------- 65 Aspinwall, Pa-------------------------------------------------945 Astoria, Oreg ------------------------------------------------ 1496 Asylum Slough, Calif-------- 1378 Atchafalaya River, La __-- 522, 452, 456, 492 INDEX 1711 Page Atchafalaya Basin --------------------------------------------- 1634 Athalia, Ohio ----------------------------------------------- 936 Atlantic City, N. J --------------------------------------------- 180 Atlantic-Gulf Ship Canal, Fla---------------------------------_ ---- 386 Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway: Between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla.: Norfolk District ------------------------------------------- 274 Wilmington District ---------------------------------------- 287 Charleston District ----------------------------------------- 309' Savannah District ------------------------------------------ 323 Jacksonville District ---------------------------------------- 386 Atwood Reservoir, Ohio ----------------------------------------- 917 Augusta, Ga__ ---------------------------------------- 330, 337, 342 Augusta, Kans ------------------------------------------------ 736 Augusta, Ky ---------------------------------------------- 900, 904 Aunt Betty Rogersditch, Ark_ Aurora, Colo__ 794 Aurora, Ind ------------------------------------------- 900, 904 Au Sable Harbor, and Harbor of Refuge, Mich-----------------------1211 Autauga Creek, Ala -------------------------------------------- 447 Avery Point, Tex-------------------------- -------------------- 611 Avoca, N. Y__-----------------------------------------------_ 126 Avon, N. C., Channel ------------------------------------------- 292. B Bachelor Island, Clark County, Wash------------------------------1539 Back Bay, Miss ----------------------------------------------- 439: Back Cove, Maine----------------------------------------------- 4 Back Creek, Md__------------------------------------ 155, 195, 219 Back Sound, N. C--- ---- ------------------------------------ 298 Bagaduce River, Maine---------------------- 38 Baileys Cut, Ga ----------------------------------------------- 325 Bainbridge, N. Y ---------------------------------------------- 135 Baker Bay, Wash --------------------------------------------- 1501 Baldhill Reservoir, N. Dak_ --------------------------------- 1034, 1042 Ball Mountain Reservoir, Vt ------------------------------------ 53, 63 Ballona Creek Basin, Calif -------------------------------------- 1341 Baltimore, Md.: Engineering district ----------------------------------------- 183 Harbor and channels ---------------------------------------- 183 Harbor, removal of drift ------------------------------------ 188 Banana River, Fla__ --------------------------------------------- 355 Bank stabilization and channel rectification, Arkansas River, Ark. and Okla_ ------------------------------------------------- 80 Banks Channel, N. C ------------------------------------------- 288 Banner, Ill., special drainage and levee district -------------- 1152 Barataria Bay and Bayou, La_ ---------------------------- 456, 492 Barbourville, Ky-------------------------------------------_ ---- 851 Barcelona Harbor, N. Y 1281 Bar Harbor, Maine ---------------------------------------------- 38 Barker Reservoir, Tex_, 622 Barkman Creek, La_ -------------------------------------------- 514 Barnegat Bay and Inlet, N. J---------------------------------168, 172 Barnett Creek, Ky_--------------------------------------- 890, 900 Barre Falls Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Mass------------___ 53, 63 Barren Island Gap, Md ----------------------------------------- 195 Barren River, Ky. and Tenn------------------------------------- 870 Barroom Bay, Tex--------------------------------------------_ 581 Bartholomew Bayou, La. and Ark--------------------------522, 523, 529 Bartley, Republican River, Nebr-------------------------------746, 767 Bass Harbor Bar, Maine --------------------------------------- 38 Bastrop, La --------------------------------------------------- 524 Bastrop Bayou, Tex _ ----------------------------- 621 363037-55-vol. 2- 108 1712 INDEX Page Batavia and vicinity, Tonawanda Creek, N. Y------------- ------- 1281 Bath, N. Y _- - _- . . _ 125 Baton Rouge to Gulf of Mexico La__.----------------- ---------------- 473 Baton Rouge, La., Harbor-- --- __----- Battery Creek, S.C--..----------------------------------------- --------- 1642 319 Battle Creek, Mich- _.------ - ------------------ ----------- 1228 Battle Creek, Nebr _ ------------------------------------------- 793 Baudette Harbor and River, Minn__-------------------------------- 1026 Bautista Creek, Calif---------- -------------------------------- 1360 Bawcomville, La ------------------------------------------- 523, 529 Bay City, Oreg------------------------------------ ----------- 1506 Bay Creek, Ill-_ ------_---------- ----------- I- ------ 1063 Bayfield Harbor, Wis ____---- ------------ 1013, 1052 Bay Island drainage and levee district No. 1-------------------_ 1070 Bay Ocean Peninsula, Oreg ___--------------------------1506, 1520 Bayou Barataria, La__ ------------- - 456 Bayou Bodcau Reservoir, La________-------- ------------------- 500 Bayou Boeuf Lock La---------------------------------- 458, 460, 1635 Bayou Bonfouca, La__ _----------------- -------- 492 Bayou Chico, Fla---------------------------------------------- 419 Bayou Coden, Ala------------ ------------------- -------------- 444 Bayou Galere, Miss----------- ------------------- ------------- 444 Bayou Grosse Tete, La__ ____---------------------------458, 492 Bayou LaBatre, Ala------------------------------ -------------- 444 Bayou Lafourche, La__--- ------------------------------------ 480 Bayou Manchac, La 492 Bayou Poisson levee, La_ _____-------------------513 Bayous La Loutre, St. Malo and Yscloskey, La-.-............. __ .. 469 Bayous Nezpique to Des Cannes, La______ __- -____ ______--485 Bayou Portage, La--------------------------------------------- 467 Bayou Segnette, La -------------------------------------------- 492 Bayou Sorrel Lock, La-------------------------------------- 458, 460 Bayou Teche, La--------------------------------------- 468, 482, 507 Bayou Terrebonne, La_ 492 Bay Ridge Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y ______----------_-----_ 81 Bay River, N. C------------------------------ --------- ------- 306 Bayside-Gedney Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y-------------------- 96 Beach City Reservoir, Ohio ----------------------------------- 917 Beach Erosion Board ______-- ----------------------------- 1671 Beals Harbor, Maine----- -------------------- ------------------ 38 Bear Creek, Calif ---------------------------------------- 1445, 1454 Bear Creek, Colo------------ ---------------------------------- 793 Bear Creek, Ky--- -------------- -------------------------- 872, 874 Bear Creek, Miss_______----- --------------------------------- 522 Bear Creek at Hannibal, Mo_---------------------- 1064 Bear Creek Reservoir, Lehigh River, Pa_____----_ ____----------176 Bear Dam and Reservoir, Calif-- ...... .__.----------- - - 1454 Beards Brook Reservoir, N. H ---------------------------------- 42, 63 Beardstown, Ill.________------------------------ ------------ 1149 Bear River, Calif------------------------------------------- 1414 Bearse Shoals, Nantucket Sound, Mass_--------------------_ 17 Beatrice, Big Blue River, Nebr___------------- - _____ 746, 767 Beaufort Harbor and River, N. C.: Improvement of harbor___________-------___ 297 Improvement of waterway to Pamlico Sound via Core Sound to Beau- fort Harbor-----------------------_ -- ------------------- 293 -______ Beaufort Inlet, N. C_______________________-__- 288, 295 Beaufort, S. C. to Cumberland Sound, Ga. and Fla -------------------- 325 Beaufort, S. C. to Savannah, Ga. Waterway_ _ ___- - -324 -____________ Beaumont, Tex------------------------------------------------ 574 Beaumont Turning Basin, Tex_________________-_______574 _____-- Beaver and Mahoning Rivers, Pa., and Ohio-------------------_ 957, 995 Beaver Bay Harbor, Minn_--------------------------------------_ 1033 Beaver Creek, N. D__ _ 804 Beaver drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg-_ . 1539, 1540 INDEX 1713 Page Beaver Island, Mich___ .______-------------___--- 1206 Beaver Reservoir, Ark ------------------------------------------ 688 Bedloe Island, N. Y-------------------------------------------- 97 Beeville Tex -------------------------------------------------- 655 Belfast Harbor, Maine---------------------------------------- 37, 38 Beleld,N.Dak-----------------------------------------------803 Belhaven Harbor, N. C----- - - --------------- - 306 Bellaire, Ohio ---------------------------------------------- 994, 999 Bellamy River, N. H----------------------------------------_ 38 Bell drainage district, Sangamon River, Ill-------------------------- 1152 Belle Fourche, Cheyenne River, S. Dak ---------------------------- 793 Belle Glade, Fla ----------------------------------------------- 390 Belle Pass, La ------------------------------------------------- 480 Belle Plaine, Kan ---------------------------------------------- 736 Belle River, Marine City, Mich________--- -------- ---- --- __-1227 Belleville, W. Va ----------------------------------------------- 822 Bellevue, Iowa Lock_--_____- -- -____-___ -- ___________- -1076 Bellevue, Ky ---------------------------------------------- 900, 904 Bell Foley Reservoir, Ark_.. ____-__ -- ________-_______ _ 688 Bellingham Bay and Harbor, Wash_ _________-------------- _ 1570 Belpre, Ohio --------------------------------------------- 936 Belt Creek, Mont----------- ----------------------------------- 817 Belton Reservoir, Leon River, Tex________------- 646, 647 Benbrook Reservoir, Tex. See Trinity River--------------______ 632, 640 Benedict, Kansas, West of___-__-_____ ___- -_______-_- _____ 736 Bennett Creek, N. Y ------------------------------------------- 126 Bennetts Creek, Va________--_ __-________________-____ ____- 267 Bennington, Hoosic River Basin, Vt---------------------- ---------- 134 Bennington Reservoir, N. H_- __-__ -____-___________ _____ 42, 63 Ben Run, W. Va _ ---------------------------- 821 Benton Harbor Canal, Mich__________________------- ------ 1179 Benwood, W. Va ----------------------------------------------- 995 Beresford Creek, S. C___-____________--------_________ 320 Berin Lock and Dam, Fox River, Wis----------- ------------------ 1099 Berliti Reservoir, Ohio ------------------------------------------ 986 Berwick Lock, La -----------------------------------------483, 1635 Bethlehem, Lehigh River, Pa ___________- _______________ 177 Beverly Harbor, Mass ------------------------------------------- 38 Beverly, Ohio ------------------------------------------------- 909 Big Bay Harbor, Mich_ 1033 Big Bayou, Fla ------------------------------------------------ 404 Big Bend Reservoir, S. Dak-- ---------------------- - 778, 793 Big Bend Reservoir, W. Va___ -________ ________________ ___ 937 Big Black River, Miss____ ____________--------------522, 530 Big Blue River, Kans. and Nebr_ --------------------------- -_746 Big Cliff Reregulating Dam, Oreg- . .--.--- -------------------- 1534 Big Creek, Ark_------------------------------------------------ 540 Big (Cunningham) Creek, Ohio____________________________ 1281 Big: Darby.Qreek Reservoir, Ohio ____ ____________----------- -- . 937 Big Dry Creek Reservoir and diversion, California -------------------- 1457 Big Horn River, Mont 8____________ 815 Big Lake, Ill_ ---------------------------------------- 1151, 1152 Big Marco Pass, Fla., to Naples, Fla______________- --------------- 386 Big Muddy River, Ill___ 553 Big Pigeon Bayou, La ------------------------------------------ 492 Big Prairie, Ill------------------------------------------------1152 Big Sandy River, including Levisa and Tug Forks, Va., W. Va., and Ky__ 914 Flood control reservoirs_ ---------------------------------- _ 937 Big Sioux River, S. Dak. and Iowa__ ____------va ------------ 786, 795 Big Slough to Belle Plains, Kans________- ---------------- --- 736 Big Suamico River, Wis___ -_______ -------------------------- 1146 Big Sunflower River, Miss_ ____________________M__________MM 522 Big Thoroughfare River, Md__ __________________----------206 Big Timber Creek, N. J--__-------_ -------------------------- 175 Biles Creek, Pa-_ _____-_ 141 1714 INDEX Page Billings, Mont_ ------------------------------------------------ 813 Biloxi Harbor and Bay, Miss ------------------------------------- 437 Bingen, Wash ------------------------------------------------ 1487 Binghampton, N. Y -------------------------------------------- 122 Birch Hill Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Mass-----------------53, 57 Birch Reservoir, W. Va_ ----------------------------------------- 937 Bird Shoal, N. C ----------------------------------------------- 297 Biscayne Bay, Fla---------------- --------------------------- 365 Bisteneau Lake, La_ 492 Bivalve, Nanticoke River, Md------------------------------------216 Black Bayou Reservoir, La----------------------------------- 493, 512 Black Butte Dam and Reservoir, Calif ----------------------------- 1435 Blackfish Bayou, Ark---- --------------------------------------- 537 Blackfoot Area, Idaho ------------------------------------------ 1590 Blackfoot River, Idaho--------------------_ --------------------- 1590 Black Point Shoal, Calif ---------------------------------------- _ 1373 Black Rascal Creek, Calif --------------------------------------- 1454 Black River, Ark., Mo., and La----------------------------517, 685, 703 Black River Harbor, Mich ------------------------------- ------- 1016 Black River Harbor, N. Y -------------------------------------- 1281 Black River, Mich_ ----------------------------------- 1016, 1181, 1217 Black River, N. C--------------------------------------------- 306 Black River, Wis__ 1033, 1051 Black Rock Ohannel, N. Y -------------------------------------- 1263 Black Rock Harbor, Conn ---------------------------------------- 34 Blackstone River Basin, Mass. and R. I----------------------------- 46 Black Walnut Harbor, Md --------------------------------------- 218 Black Warrior, Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers, Ala-------------------- 428 Locks and dams--------------------------------------------- 430 Blackwater Reservoir, Merrimack River Basin, N. H 42, 45 Blackwater River, Ala ------------------------------------------ 444 Blackwater River, Va---------- ----------------------------- 277 Blackwell, Okla-----------------------------------_ ------------ 737 Bladensburg, Md----- -------------------- 249 Blakely Mountain Reservoir, Ark------------------------------ 524, 525 Blaine Harbor, Wash----------- ---- ------------------------- 1570 Blanchard Reservoir, Pa----------------- 223 Blind slough diking district, Clatsop County, Oreg-------------------- 1540 Block Island, R. I.: Harbor of refuge ------------------------------------------ 22 Great Salt Pond------------------- ---- 38 Blood River, La ----------------------------------------------- 492 Blue Mountain Reservoir, Ark--------------------------------698, 699 Blue River Dam, McKenzie Basin, Oreg----------------------- 1522, 1541 Bluestone Reservoir, New River, W. Va-------------------____ 924, 937 Bluewater Floodway, N. Mex ------------------------------------- 673 Bluff Creek, Miss-------- -------------------------------------- 444 Boards: Beach Erosion --------------------------------------- 1671 Engineers for Rivers and Harbors -------------------- 1615 International: Kootenay Lake Board of Control -------------------------- 1707 Lake Champlain Board of Control------------------------ 1699 Lake of the Woods Board of Control----------------------- 1706 Lake Ontario Board of Engineers--------------------------1701 Lake Superior Board of Control------------------------ 1705 Massena Board of Control------------------------ ------ 1699 Niagara Board of Control---------- -------------------- 1702 Osoyoos Lake Board of Control-------------- -- ----------- 1708 Prairie Portage Board of Control_ 1707 Rainy Lake Board of Control ----------------------------- 1707 St. Croix River, Maine, and New Brunswick, Board of Control__ 1698 St. Lawrence River Board of Control- ------------------- 1700 Bodcau Bayou, Red Chute, and Loggy Bayou, La_ _492, 493, 512 Bodcau Bayou Reservoir, La_ - ---------------------------- 493, 500 INDEX 1715 Page _ Bodega Bay, Calif --------------------------------------------- 1371 7Boeuf and Tensas Rivers, Ark., and La----------------------------1645 Boeuf River, Ark., and La-----------------------------------522, 524 Bogalusa, La ------------------------------------------------- 441 Boggy Creek, Okla---------------------------------------------709 Bogue Falia, La ----------------------------------------------- 492 Bois de Sioux and Red Rivers, Minn. and N. Dak-------------------- 1035 Bois de Sioux River, S. Dak ------------------------------------- 1034 Boise River, and Valley, Idaho------------------------------1590, 1593 Bolivar Resevoir, Ohio--------- ------------ ------------------ 917 Bolivar Run, Pa___ ----------------------------------------------- 958 Bonfouca Bayou, La--------- ----------------------------------- 492 Bonnet Carre Spillway, La------------- ------------------- ------ 1634 Bonneville, Oreg.: Construction of dam at ------------------------------------- 1482 Restoration of Indian Fishing Grounds-------------------------1485 Bonpas Creek, Ill_ ---------------------------------------------- 900 Bonum Creek, Va ---------------------------------------------- 256 Booker Bar, Va-------------- ----------- ----------------- 242 Booneville Reservoir, Ky ---------------------------------------- _ 903 Boone, Iowa ------------------------------------------------- 1072 Boothbay Harbor, M aine---- ---- ---- ----_ --- ---- ---- --- --- 37, 38 Bosque River, Tex --------------------------------------------- 648 Boston Harbor, Mass--------------------------------------------- 8 Boswell Reservoir, Boggy Creek, Okla-------------------------- 735, 737 Boulder, Colo_-------------------------------------------------- 793 Bowlers Wharf, Va------------------------ --------------------- 249 Boyer River, east fork of, Iowa ----------------------------------- 793 Brackenridge, Pa-- ----------------- ----------------------- 994, 997 Braddock, Pa-------------------------------------------------953 Bradford, Pa-------------------------------------------------- 958 Bradley Canyon, Calif_ 1323 Bradley Channel Area, Mont ------------------------------------ 1580 Brady, Tex--------------------------------------_ 595 Brandon Road Lock and Dam, Ill 1140 Brandywine River, Wilmington Harbor, Del- ----------------------- 153 Branford Harbor, Conn --------------------------------------- 37, 38 Bransons Cove, Va --------------------------------------------- 248 Brays Bayou, Tex----------------------------------------------622 Brazos Island Harbor, Tex--------------------------------------- 616 Brazos River, Tex---------------------------------------------645 From Velasco to Old Washington------------------------------616 Whitney Reservoir ----------------------------------------- 644 Brea Dam, Calif_ ---------------------------------------------- 1353 Breton Bay, Md ----------------------------------------------- 248 Brevoort levee, Indiana ----------------------------------------- 904 Bridgeport Harbor, Conn---------------------------- ----------- 33 Bridgewater, Va---------------------------------------------- 255 Brilliant, Ohio --------------------------------------------- 994, 997 Broad Creek, Md_ ---------------------------------------------- 218 Broad Creek River, Del ----------------------------------------- 218 Broad Creek, Va---------- ---------------------------------- 248 Broadkill River, Del -------------------------------------------- 175 Broad Sound, Boston Harbor, Mass---------------------------------- 8 Broadwater Creek, Md_ ------------------------------------------ 219 Brockway, Pa___-------------------------------------------------994 Brockway Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt---------------_ 53, 63 Bromley, Ky ---------------------------------------- 900, 904 Bronx River, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 113 Brooklyn, W. Va ---------------------------------------------- 936 Brookport, Ill _ ------------------------------------------ 823, 898, 900 Brookville Reservoir, Ind ------------------------------------- --- 903 Browns Creek, N. Y -------------------------------------------- 113 Browns Landing, N. C_ 300 Brownsville, Kjr_ ---------- --- _ ------ - -- -- 871 1716 INDEX Page Brownsville, Pa ------------------------------------------------ 953 Brownsville, Tex_ --------------------------------------------- 616 Brunswick Harbor, Ga- _-----_---------------- __ _-------337 Brush Bayou, La ---------------------------------------------- 514 Brush Point, St. Marys River, Mich-._.---___-___-___--___ 1161 Buchannan River, W. Va---------------------------------------- 957 Buckhorn Reservoir, Ky_--------------------------------- 881, 903 Bucksport Harbor, Maine _--------------------------------------- 38 Budd Inlet, Olympia Harbor, Wash-.... --------------------- _ 1570 Buena Vista, Ohio _ --- ------------------------ _ 936 Buffalo Bayou, Tex -------------------------------------------- 622 Buffalo Creek, N. Dak ------------------------------------------ 794 Buffalo, N. Y.: Engineer district ------------------------------------------ 1235 Improvement of harbor -__-------- ---------------- 1260 Buffalo River, Miss -------------------------------------------- 532 Buffalo, Wyo___------------------------------------------------- 816 Buffumville Reservoir, Mass - -- - ------------------------- 49 Buford Dam, Ga_ ------------------------------------------- 407, 409 Buggs Island Reservoir, Va. and N. C., flood control. See John H. Kerr Reservoir. Bulkhead Channel, N. C_--.-.---- --------------- ------- 297 Bull Hook Creek, Mont_ __ ------------ 811 Bull Shoals Reservoir, Ark-___---- --------------- ---- 693 Bullocks Point Cove, R. I---------------------- --------------- 3 Bulls Head Point Shoal, Calif 1423 ..---------------------------- Burbank western system (lower) Los Angeles, Calif ------------------- 1325 Burbank western system (upper), Los Angeles, Calif------------------ 1326 Burial Hill Beach, Conn_ 38 Burleson County Levee, Brazos River, Tex ______-----______---655 Burlington Harbor, Vt_ ------------------------ ------- 113 Burlington Island, N. J-_------ ------ 141 Burlington, Ohio______ _______________-_________ 936, 1077 Burns Dam and Reservoir, Calif -------------------------------- _ 1454 Burnsville Reservoir, W. Va--------------------- 937 Burr Creek Channel, Conn----------------------------------------34 Burr Oak Reservoir, Ohio. See Tom Jenkins Reservoir Butte Creek, Calif-----------------------------------------_ ---- 1685 Buttermilk Bay, (Channel), Mass---------------------------------- 38 Buttermilk Channel, N. Y---------------------------------_ 83 Butternut Creek, N. Y 121 Buzzards Bay, Mass __--- __ ----- ____---__________- - 13 C Caballero Creek, Los Angeles, Calif ------------------------------- 1324 Cache River, Ill. and Ark__--------- 540 Above Cairo, Ill ----------------------------------------------- 862 Cache River Diversion, Ill______________-___________________ 539, 569' Cache Slough, Calif -------------------------------------------- 1682 Caddo Lake Dam, La. and Tex --------------------------------- _ 454 Caddo River, Ark ---------------------------------------------- 524 Caddoa (John Martin) Reservoir, Colo___ _---____------____-----659 Cadiz, Mo ---------------------------------------------------- 832 Cadle Creek, Md_ ---------------------------------------------- 219' Caesar Creek Reservoir, Ohio----- -------------- ___ -__-____- 903 Cagles Mill Reservoir, Ind ________---_____-__-___ _____ 895, 903 Cahaba River, Ala__ --------------------------------------------- 444 Cahokia Diversion Channel, Ill__- - - -______-_____---565 Cajon Creek, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif-_-- -- 1348, 1360 Calapooya River, Oreg _______________- Calaveras River, Calif . .1433, _______ ____ __ -_ 1522 1443 Calcasieu Pass and River, La-._------------- ----- ___--- 456, 486 Lock_- - - _---- _- -- -- -- . 457, 459 Caledonia, N. Y---- ----------- - - -- -_ .1286 INDEX 1717 Page California Debris Commission__ ----.-------. --------- - 1675 California, Ohio-------------------------.----.----- 900, 904 Calion Lake Dam, Ark__------------------ --------- ------- 528, 519, 523 Caloosahatchee River, Fla- -_.-__.--____-----________..- - 369, 373 Calumet Harbor and River, Ill. and Ind., improvement of harbor (South Chicago Harbor) ------------------------------------------ 1128 Calumet Lake, Ill-- ------------------------------------------ 1146 Calumet Sag Channel, Il------------------------------------- 1137 Camas Creek Area, Idaho --------------------------------------- 1590 Camas-Washougal Turning Basin, Wash____-- -_ ______--- - 1487 Cambridge Harbor, Md __________________________-__------ 218 Cambridgeport Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt--------------- 53, 63 Camden Harbor, Maine_-- - - --- ------------- -------.---- 38 Campbells Island, Ill___ __---- --------- 1070 Canacadea Creek, N. Y_ __---------__----------__ __--121, 136 Canadian River, N. Mex., Tex., and Okla----------------------- 661, 729 Canal Point Fla ----------------------------------------------- 390 Canapitsit dhannel, Mass-38 Canasawacta Creek, N. Y __ - ____- ______---- -- - ---- 134 Canaseraga Creek, N. Y------------------------------------ 1285 Canaveral Harbor, Fla_------- ------------------- ---------- 355 Cane Creek, La_ ------------------------- ---------------- 514 Cane River--Red Bayou Channel, La_LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL 492, 504 Caney Creek, Okla. and Kans-_______---_ __------- - ----- 736 Caney River, Okla ---------------------------------- 720 Caney Fork River, Tenn_------- ___- -- -___ _______- __ 848, 857 Canisteo River, N. Y --------------- --------------------- 121, 125, 126 Cannelton, Ind_ -________ ____-_-_-_ 887, 900 Canton, Mo., Mississippi River_ --------------- 1065, 1077 Canton Reservoir, Okla ------------------------------------- 711 Canyon Reservoir, Guadalupe River, Tex_ .... _____ _______----- 651 Cap Au Gris, Mo --------------------------------------------- 1077 Cape Charles City Harbor, Va__- - __ ______-_______-- --- 279 Cape Cod Bay and Canal, Mass__ __ - - -______ - ________ ___13 Cape Fear River, N. C-----------------------------------------_ 288 Improvement above Wilmington_------------------- _ 299 Cape Girardeau, Ill. and Mo-____ __----------__________---548 Cape Lookout, N. C., harbor of refuge __- -_____ ______------306 Cape May Canal, N. J-_ 172 Cape May Harbor, Cold Spring Inlet, N. J_________- ----- ------ 177 Cape Porpoise Harbor, Maine ______________________________---- 38 Cape Vincent Harbor, N. Y_______________ ____________ -- _____ 1281 Carbon Canyon Dam and Channel, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif-. .--_ 1354 Cardens Bottom drainage district No. 2, Arkansas River, Ark ----------- 703 Carlin Bayou, La ---------------------------------------------- 492 Carlyle Reservoir, Ill_ __________-__________- ________- 566, 568 Carpenter Carpenter Dam, Dam,Ark---------------------------------------------- Ark__________________ Carpenters Creek, Pa _ - _____ - - ____525 -- ---- 525 219 Carpinteria to Point Mugu Beach Erosion Control, Calif --------------- 1361 Carrabelle Bar, Harbor, and River, Ila_ -_____- -- -__ - _____ .__ 444 Carroll County levee and Drainage District No. 1, Ill_ ___ ____-1074 Carrollton, Ky_ ------------------------------------- 904, 869, 900 Carter Creek, Mo_ ---------------------------------------------- 722 Carters Creek, Va_ ---------------------------------------------- 248 Carthage, Mo--------------------------------------------_ --- 722 Carthage Dam and Reservoir, Tenn---------------------------- 835, 836 Carvers Harbor, Maine_ 38 Casa Blanca, N. Mex ------------------------------------------- _ 674 Cascadia Dam, South Santiam River, Oreg__ ___-_________- - _ 1522, 1541 Cascades Canal, Oreg, --------------------------------- _ ________---- 1520 Casco Bay, Me_------------------------------------------------ 4 CaseysPass,Fla-----------------------------------------------375 Caseyville, Ky_ --------------------------------------------- 900, 904 Cashie River, N. C -- ------------ 306 Casselton, N. D_- - ---- - -------- - -1053 1718 INDEX Page Castle Rock, Cowlitz River, Wash__----- ------------- -- - -- 1541 Castlewood Dam and Reservoir. Colo--------------------------- - 793 'Catfish Point, La---------- ------------------------------------ 510 Cathance River, Maine___--------- ------------------- ------- _ 38 Catharine Creek, N. Y___----------------------------------- 1286 Cathlamet Channel, Oreg --------------------------------------- 1496 Catlettsburg, Ky --------------------------------------------- 936 Cattaraugus Creek, N. Y-----------------------------------__- 1281 Cave-in-Rock, Ill ------------------------------------------- 900, 904 Cave Run Reservoir, Ky ---------- ------------------------- 903, 904 Cayuga Creek, and Island, N. Y ---------------------------------- 1268 Cedar Bayou, Tex., improvement _______-----__________----__ 601 Cedar Bay to Thoroughfare Bay, N. C., improvement ---------- 306 Cedar Creek, Conn ------------------------------------ ---------- 34 Cedar Hill, Mo ----------------------------------------------- 568 Cedar Island, Maine N. H----------------------------------------- 7 Cedar Keys Harbor, Fla_________________-______________--------------_ 386 Cedar Point Reservoir, Kans ____________________________________ 736 Cedar River Harbor, Mich__________________________________ 1146 Cedars Lock and Dam, Wis_ --------------------------- ____ 1099 Celilo Falls, Oreg--------- ----------------------------------- 1475 Celina Dam and Reservoir, Tenn----------------------------------836 Center Hill Reservoir, Tenn----------------------------------857, 863 Centinela Creek, Los Angeles, Calif ------------------------------- 1342 1Central and Southern, Fla------------------------------- -------- 387 Central City Reservoir, Iowa_ 1069, 1070 Ceredo-Kenova, W. Va__----------------------------------- 930, 936 Chain of Rocks, Ill______ ----------------------------------- 544, 569 Chambersburg, Ohio-------- ------------------------- 936 Chamita Dam and Reservoir, Rio Chama, N. Mex------------------- 662 Chandlerville, Ill., east of-----------------------------------1151, 1152 Channel between North and South Hero Islands, Lake Champlain, Vt_- 113 Channel from Buzzards Bay to Buttermilk Bay, Mass--------------- 38 Channel from Pamlico Sound to Avon, N. C-------------------------292 Channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca_ ------------------------ 608 Chariton River, Iowa and Mo- -------------------------------- 765 Charleroi, Pa__----------------------------------------------- 953 Charles Mill Reservoir, Ohio ---- 917 Charleston, Oreg ---------------------------------------------- 1516 Charleston, S. C.: Engineering district ----------------------------------------- 309 Improvement of harbor-- _--____- ___ -________ -________ 313 Charlevoix Harbor, Mich_______________-_______ -____- 1204 Charlotte Creek, N. Y --------------------------------------- 120 Charlotte, Ga_------------ ------------------- ---------------- 342 Charlotte Harbor, Fla_________---------- --- ____ 386 Charlotte (Rochester) Harbor, N. Y-- - ______- - - 1273 -____________ Chatfield Reservoir, Colo----------------------------------------- 790 Chatham (Stage) Harbor, Mass-------- ---------------------------- 38 Chattahoochee River, Ga. and Ala___--__------ __----------- Chattanooga, Tenn., and Rossville, Ga-----------------------------864 - 405, 444 Chatooga Reservoir, Ga. and S. C_ 338 Chauncey Run, N. Y------------------------------------------- 136 Cheat River, W. Va_------------------------------------------ 957 Cheatham Lock and Dam, Tenn----------------------------------833 Cheboygan Harbor and River, Mich______________ -- ___-1208, 1209 Cheesequake Creek, N. J ------------- ---------------------- J114 Chefuncte River, La__----- 492 Chehalis River, Wash_ ------------------------------------------ 1560 Chelsea River (Boston Harbor), Mass________-________ - -___ - 9 Chemung River, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 123 Chena Slough, Alaska ------------------------------------------ 1613 Chenango River, N. Y_-------------------------- -- ---------- 121, 123 Chequamegon Bay, Wis_ -- -1014 Cherry Creek Dam and Reservoir, Colo_ ----- ------- --- 788 INDEX 1719 Page Cherry Valley Reservoir, Calif---------------------------------- 1449 Chesapeake Bay, Del. and Md-------------- ---------------------- 155 Chesapeake and Delaware Canal_------ ------------------------- 154 Chesapeake and Ohio Canal dam---------------------------------- 251 Chesapeake, Ohio----------- -- --------------------------------- 936 Cheshire, Ohio ------------------------------------------------ 936 Chester, Ill --------------------- 544 Chester River, Md--------------------------------------------192 Chester River, Pa----------------------------------------------175 Cheswick, Pa------------------------ ----------------------- 945 Chetco River, Oreg_ -------------------------------------------- 1520 Cheyenne River, S. Dak. and Wyo------------ ------------------ 793 Chicago Harbor and River: Improvement of harbor ------------------------------------- 1124 Improvement of river------------------------------1125, 1126, 1137 Shore Protection --------------------------------------- 1155 Chicago, Ill., engineering district------ ---------------------------- 1091 Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal------ --------------------------- 1137 Chickamauga, Tenn__-- --- --------------------------------------- 844 Chickasawhay River, Miss __---------------------------------------444 Chickasaw Creek, Ala ------------------------------------------- 421 Chico Landing, Calif ---------------------------------------- 1414 Chicopee, Connecticut River Basin, Mass-------- - ___ _ 53, 63, 64 Chief Joseph Dam, Wash --------------------------------------- 1550 Chillicothe Reservoir, Mo- --------------------------------- 746, 767 Chilo, Ohio ------------------------------------------- 822, 900, 904 Chincoteague Inlet and Bay, Va__-----------------------------------218 Waterway to Delaware Bay----------------------------------- 175 Chino Creek, Calif___ -------------------------------------------- 1350 Chinook, Wash., and the Head of Sand Island ----------- 1500 Chipola River, Fla. and Ga--------- ----------------------------- 405 Chippawa-Grass Island Pool, N. Y 1271 Chippewa Harbor, Isle Royale, Mich ------------------------------ 1033 Chippewa River, Wis. and Minn ---------------------------------- _ 1048 Chisholm Creek, Kans ------- 707 Chittenango Creek and tributaries, New York _ 1286 Chitto Bogue, La-----------------------------------_ 444 Chocolate Bayou, Tex ------------------------------------------ __ 604 Choctawahatchee Bay and River, Fla. and Ala------------------_ 444 to West Bay, Fla-------------------------------------------400 to Pensacola Bay, Fla---------------------------------------400 From Gulf of Mexico into---------------- --------------- 118 Choptank River, Md_ 218 Chouteau, Nameoki, and Venice drainage and levee district, Illinois--- -- 564 Chowan River, Va. and N. C-------------------------------------306 Christiansted Harbor, St. Croix, V. I-------------------------------386 Christina River, Del _____----------------- 151 Cimarron River, Okla------------------------------------------- 709 Cincinnati, Ohio------------------------------------ 822, 877, 900, 904 City Waterway, Tacoma Harbor, Wash ---------------------------- 1559 Claiborne Harbor, Md_ 218 Claiborne Lock and Dam, Ala------------ ----------------------- 427 Clam Creek, N. J---------------------------------------------- 165 Claremont Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H 53, 63 Clarendon to Laconia Circle, Ark_ ------------- 540 Clarington, Ohio ----------------------------------------------- 936 Clarion River Reservoir, Pa-------------------------------------- 962 Clark Creek, S. C----------------------------------------------320 Clark Hill Reservoir, Ga. and S. C ----------------- 339 Clarksville, Ark ----------------------------------------------- 703 Clarksville, Ind-----------------------------------_ ------------ 882 Clarksville, Mo. Lock ------------------------------------------ 1077 SClatskanie Drainage Dist., Oreg ------------------------------ 1539 Clatskanie River Oreg--_ 1520 Clatsop County Diking Dists. Nos. 1 and 4, Oreg-- - - - 1539 1720 INDEX Page Claypit Creek, N. J___----------- ------------------- ---------- 109 Clear Creek Drainage District, Ill -__---------------- 547, 550, 1152 Clear Creek and Lake, Tex___---------- ------------------------- 603 Clear and West Forks, Trinity River, Tex ----------- ------------ _ 632 Clear Lake, Oreg _ ------------------------------------------ 1520 Clearwater Reservoir, Mo - __--------- -------------------------- 696 Clearwater River, Idaho, South Fork of__----------- ------------ 1590 Clearwater River, Minn------------------------------------ 1034, 1038 Clendening Reservoir, Ohio__------------------------------- ------- 917 Cleveland Harbor, Ohio __ 1242 Cleveland and Lakewood, Ohio__------------------------------ ---- 1289 Cleves, Ohio . 901, 904 Clewiston, Fla------------ ----------- --------------------- 370,390 Clifton, W.Va------- ----------------- ------------------------ 936 Clinch River, Tenn. and Va -------------------------------------- 848 Clinton Harbor, Conn----------------------------------------- 37, 38 Clinton, Ind---------------------------------- --------- --- 901, 904 Clinton, Iowa, Lock-----_------------------- 1076 Clinton, Pa------------ -------------------------------------- 945 Clinton River, Mich_ _--------__--_ 1227, 1231 Clintwood Reservoir, Va____ _________________-__--- -__-------937 Clooney Island, La-- ------------------------------------------- 487 Cloverport, Ky -------------------------------------------- 901, 904 Clyde Pawtucket River Basin, R. I_---------- ----------- -- 63 Coal Creek Drainage and Levee District, Ill------------------- 1151, 1152 Coal Creek and Tributaries (Lake City), Tenn_ _-___ _- _-- _ __ 860 Coal Grove, Ohio----------------------------------------------936 Coal Lick Run, Pa--------- -- - - ------------------------------ 982 Coan River, Va-- ------------------------------------------- 248 Coasters Island Harbor, R. I_____ ___--_------- ___-- 38 Cobscook Bay, Maine ------------------------------------------- 38 Cocheco River, N. H ___________------------------------------------------ 38, 65 Cockrell Creek, Va_ ------------ __ ---------------- 248 Cocoa, Fla., Lock -------------------- -------------------------- 356 _ Coden Bayou, Ala --------------------------------------------- 444 Codorus Creek, Pa------ --- --------------------------------- 227 Coeur D'Alene, Idaho__--- - -- -__-_____-____________- - 1580 Cohansey River, N. J_--- ----------- _ ----------- 175 Cohasset Harbor, Mass-------------------------- 38 Cohocton River, N. Y ------------------------ ----_--------- - 124 Cold Brook Reservoir, S. Dak---------- ---------------------- - 776 Cold Spring Inlet, N. J__----------- - - - - - 175, 177 Coldwater River, Miss_-__-____-_ ________--------___---_ 522 Cole Creek, Ill ------------ _ ------------------------------------ 1146 Colfax, La------------------------- ----------------------- 493,512 Colfax, Wash ------------------------------------------------- 1595 College Hill, Ky ----------------------------------------------- 869 Collinsville, Ala_ -------------------------------------------- 447 Collinsville to Shasta Dam, Calif--------------------------_ ------- 1434 Colmar Manor, Md_ -------------------------------------------- 249 Colonial Beach, Va_ --------------------------------------------- 248 Colorado .River, Tex____ -------------------------------------------- 581 Colorado Springs, Fountaine que Bouille River, Colo-- ....------- - 673 Columbia drainage and levee district No. 3, Illinois--------------------560 Columbia, LaLLLL LL524 Columbia Lock and Dam, Ala ------------------------------------ 407 Columbia River, Oreg. and Wash.: --------------------------------------- 1501 At Baker Bay, Wash________ Below Vancouver, Wash. and Portland, Oreg- - 1486, 1494 Between Chinook, Wash., and the Head of Sand Island------------1500 Bonneville, Oreg., construction of dam at__----------------------- 1482 Bridges at Cascade locks_--------------------____-----_ 1520 Cascades Canal ------------------------------------------- 1520 Celilo Falls to Kennewick, Wash_ ..-------..----- ..-.-- 1475 Chief Joseph Dam, Wash-_- ------- ------ ------- 1550 INDEX 1721 Columbia River, Oreg. and Wash.-Continued Page Dalles Dam ---------------------------------------------- 1478 Local flood protection__ - 1540, 1541, 1580, 1590 ._________.------- McNary Dam------------------ -------------------------- 1587 Priest Rapids Dam_ _------------- ___.---- __ --- .- 1578 Mouth improvement --------------------------------------- 1503 Wenatchee to Kettle Falls, Wash_---------------------------- 1570 Columbia Slough, Oreg--------------- 1520 Colusa, Calif_ -_. _ _ _ ---.- - - 1414 ,Compo Beach, Westport, Conn------------------------------------ 38 Compton Creek, Los Angeles River Basin------------------------ --- 1326 Compton Creek, N. J------------------------------------------- 114 Conchas Dam and Reservoir, N. Mex ------------------------------ _ 661 Concordia, Ky_ --------------------------------------------- 901, 904 Conecuh River, Ala--------------------------------------------_ 444 Conemaugh River Reservoir Pa___________-__------- ------- 974, 995 'Coney Island Channel, N. Y . 113 Coney Island Creek, N. Y 113 Congaree River, S. C----------------------- 320 Congresses of Navigation, Permanent International Association of------- 1689 Conn Brown Harbor, Tex-___________ ________-------_ 582 'Conneaut Harbor, Ohio-------------------------- _ 1252 Connecticut River Basin, Vt., N. H., Mass., and Conn ----------------- 51 Connecticut River, Mass. and Conn: Above Hartford, Conn_ -- ___---------------___ 38 Below Hartford, Conn ------------------------------------- 37, 38 Consolidated diking and improvement district No. 1, Cowlitz County, Wash_ 1539,1540 ,Contentnea Creek, N. C_ 306, 307 Conway County levee district No. 6, Arkansas River, Ark-------------- 703 Conway County levee districts Nos. 1, 2, and 8, Arkansas River, Ark Cooper River and Point, N. J ___----------_ ________---- -- 703 _ 147, 175 Cooper River, S. C-------------------------------- 314 Coosa River, Ga. and Ala- 426, 445 'Coosaw River, S. C_----- __------------310 Coosawattee River, Ga__ 444 'Coos Bay, Harbor, and River, Oreg.: Improvement of entrance to bay and harbor---------------------1515 Improvement of river --------------------------------------- 1520 Copes Corner Reservoir, N. Y__--------------------------------- 121 Coquille River, Oreg -- 1518, 1541 Coralville Reservoir, Iowa_ -____------- --------------- 1065, 1069 Coraopolis, Pa------------------------_ ------------------------ 994 Cordova Harbor, Alaska ---------------------------------------- 1612 Core Sound, N. C----------------------------------------------297 Corea Harbor, Maine ------------------------------------- 38 Corney, La --------------------------------------------------- 522 Corning, N. Y----------------------------- -------------------- 124 Cornucopia Harbor, Wis_ ---------------------------------------- 1012 Corpus Christi, Tex.: Channel to Encinal Peninsula naval seaplane base ----------------- 621 Gulf Intracoastal ------------------------------------------- 581 Improvement of channel to Aransas Pass--------------------- --- 612 Waterway to _ ----------------------------------------- 461, 610 Corsica River, Md ------------------------------------------- 218 Cosmopolis, Wash --------------------------------------------- 1562 Cote Blanche Bay, La ------------------------------------------ 468 Cottage City, Md ---------------------------------------------- 249 Cottage Grove Reservoir, Oreg-------------------------- 1529 'Cottonwood Creek, Calif --------------------------------------- 1462 Cottonwood Springs Reservoir, S. Dak_ ---------------------------- 776 Cougar Dam, Oreg_ -------------------------------------------- 1532 Council Bluffs, Iowa _- --------- _ --------------------------- 793 Council Grove Reservoir, Kans-----------------------------_ -- 736 Fla., channel improvement- ................. 386 1Courtenay, 1722 INDEX Page Covington, Ky---- ----------------- - ---- ------------- 875, 901 Cow Bayou, Tex----------------------------------------------- 574 Cow Creek, Kans________---- ---------------_______________ _ 706 Cowlitz County drainage improvement districts Nos. 1, 2, 5, 11, 13 and Washington --------------------------------------- 1539, 1541 Cowlitz River, Wash. and Oreg ----------------------------- 1499, 1541 Coyote Creek, Calif______ ---- __----------__- --- 1325, Coyote Valley Reservoir, Calif_----------------------------------- 1403 Craig Harbor, Alaska __________ ______________ _______ -- 1612 Crane Brook, N. Y -------------------------------------------- 1286 Crane Creek, Ill________________________ ___ - _____- 1151, 1152 Cranes Creek, Va---------------------------------------------- 248. Cranesville, N. Y ----------------------------------------------- 93 Craney Island, Va__ --------------------------------------------- 269 Craven Shoal, New York Harbor, N. Y., improvement ----------------- 97 Crawford County levee district, Arkansas River, Ark ------------------ 703 Creede, Willow Creek, Colo __-----------____---__,, 673 Crescent City Harbor, Calif__ ------------------------------------- 1365 Criehaven Harbor, Maine -------------------------------------- 38 Crisfield Harbor, Md__ 201 Crooked Creek Reservoir, Pa----------------------------------970, 995 Crooked River, Mich________ _____-__ -_______---________ 1207 Cross-Florida, Waterway, Fla_ ___ _______-----------___ __--386 Cross Rip Shoals, Mass__ --------------------------------------- 38 Crystal River, Fla ---------------------------------------------- 386 Cubits Gap, La ----------------------------------------------- 472 Cuivre River, Mo ---------------------------------------------- 547 Cumberland, Ky ----------------------------------------------- 864 Cumberland, Md ---------------------------------------------- _ 251 Cumberland City, Tenn_____________________-______ _ 832 Cumberland River, Ky., and Tenn_ ______ ____------------------- 831 Locks ------------------------------------------------ 832, 835 Below Nashville----------- 831 Cumberland Sound, Ga. and Fla., to St. Johns River, Fla., waterways_ - 324 Cunningham Creek, Ohio_ 1281 Current River, Ark., and Mo______ ____ __-_______________-- - - 685, Curtis Bay, Md_ ---------------------------------------------- 185 Curwensville Reservoir, Pa---------- 223 Cuttyhunk Harbor, Mass___ 18 Cuyahoga River, Ohio____------------------------------------- 1242: Cypress Bayou and waterway between Shreveport, La., and Jefferson, Tex __------------------------------------------- 454, 500 Cypress Creek, Md --------------------------------------------- 219 Cypress Creek, Tex _ -------------------------------------------- 497 D Dalecarlia Reservoir, Washington, D. C 243 Dale Hollow Reservoir, Tenn. and Ky--------------------___ 855, 863 Dallas, Floodway, Tex_ ----------------------------------------- 638 Dalles-Celilo Canal, Oregon and Wash., improvement-------------_ 1480 Dalles Dam, Oregon_ ------------------------------------------- 1478 Dam A Reservoir, Neches River, Tex__-- --- __ ___-___-____628, 631 Dam B Reservoir, Neches River, Tex__ - _______- - _____ 628, 630 Damariscotta River, Maine ----------------------------------- 3 Dame Point, Fla------------------------------------ ---------- 345 Dancing-Swann Point Shoal Channel, Va -------------------- 265 Dansville and vicinity, Genesee River, N. Y------------------------ 1284 Danville, Ark ------------------------------------------------- 700 D'Arbonne Bayou, La __-- 522 Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir, Ark----------------------------678, 683 Darien River and Harbor, Ga__ -______-----_______ ___ __--337 Dark Head Creek, Md_ --- 218 Dashields Lock, Pa - - - ------------------- 819 Dauphin Island Bay, Ala------_ ---- - ------- 444 INDEX 1723 Page Davenport Center Reservoir, N. Y --------------------------------- 120 Davenport, Iowa, Harbor--- ---------------------------- -------- 1079 Davis Creek, Va .---- ------------------------------- 279 Davis Lock, St. Marys River, Mich --------------------------- 1159 Day Creek, Tex. and Ark---------------------------------------- 514 Dayton,Ky_ ---------------------------------------------- 901,904 Dayton, Touchet River, Wash ---------------------------------- 1599 Dayton, Wyo_--------------- ------------------- ------------------ 816 Dead Horse Canyon and Royal Boulevard Channel, Los Angeles, Calif__ 1324 Deadman's Creek, Calif--------- ------------------------------ 1453 Deal Island, Md: Lower Thoroughfare ---------------------------------------- 200 Upper Thoroughfare--------------------- 218 Deep Bayou, Ark. and La_ ---------------------------------------- 529 Deep Creek, Va---------------------------------------- 214, 274, 279 Deep River, Wash------------------------- --------------- 1520, 1540 Deer Creek Prairie levee unit, Indiana------------------------------ 901 Deer Creek Reservoir, Ohio--------------------------------- ----- 937 Deer Island, Miss --------------------------------------------- 437 Deer Island area, Columbia County, Oreg----------------------1539, 1541 Deer Island Thoroughfare, Maine---------------------------------- 38 Degognia and Fountain Bluff Levee and Drainage District, Ill---------- 554 De Gray Reservoir, Ark ----------------- 524 Delanco, N. J------------------------------------------------- 141 Delaware Bay and River, Pa., N. J., and Del.: At Camden ----------------------------------------------- 147 To Chesapeake Bay- ------------------ 154 At or near mouth of Neversink River --------------------------- 175 Harbor of Refuge-------------------------- ---------------- 175 Philadelphiatosea-----------------------------------------143 Philadelphia to Trenton -------------------------------------- 139 Delaware City Branch Channel_ ---------------------------------- 157 Delaware Reservoir, Ohio_ 932, 937 Delphi, Ind----------------------------------------------- 901, 904 Demopolis Lock and Dam, Ala ----------------------------------- 430 Denison, Iowa ------------------------------------------------ 793 Denison Reservoir, Tex. and Okla----------- ------- -_ 492, 498, 733 Dennis Creek, N. J --------------------------------------------- 175 Denton Creek, Tex_______________ ____-__-__-636 ______ ___ De Fere, Wis_------------------------------------------------- 1096 Lock and Dam-------------------------------- ------------ 1099 De Poe Bay, Oreg ----------------- ------------------------- 1507 Derby, Ind_____----------------------------------------- 901, 904 des Cyprairres Bayou, La---------------------------------------- 514 Des Moines River, Iowa ------------------------------------- 1070 Des Moines and Mississippi levee district No. 1- 1070 Des Plaines River, Ill-_ __ -_---- ------- 1137 Detroit, Mich., engineering district -------------------------------- 1157 Detroit Reservoir, Oreg ----------------------------------------- 1533 Detroit River, Mich ---------------------------------- 1171, 1219 Devil Creek, Calif---------------------------------------------1355 Devols, Ohio__ ------------------ 909 Dewey Reservoir, Ky--------------------------------- 929, 937 Dexter Reregulating Dam, Oreg---------------------------------- 1526 Dickinson Bayou, Tex .. _---- Diking and improvement district No. 4, Wahkiakum County, Wash_.... 621 1541 Diking and improvement district No. 5, Cowlitz County, Wash--------- 1540 Diking district No. 2, Clatsop County, Oreg-_ _----------_ ------ 1540 Diking district No. 3, Clatsop County, Oreg---- ---------- _-- ---- 1541 Diking district No. 5, Clatsop County, Oreg--------_ --------- 1540 Diking districts Nos. 1 and 3 (Puget Island) and Little Island Wahkiakum County, Wash ------------------- --------------------------- 1540 Diking improvement district No. 2, Cowlitz County, Wash---------_ 1541 Diking improvement district No. 13, Cowlitz County, Wash- 1541 Diking improvement district No. 1, Pacific County, Wash-----_ 1540 1724 INDEX Page Diking improvement district No. 11, Cowlitz County, Wash------------ 1541 Dillon Reservoir, Ohio_-- --------- ___-------------------- 920, 937 Dillonvale, Ohio ----------------------------------------------- 994 Dismal Swamp Canal, Va---------------------------- ----------- 274 District of Columbia: Anacostia River, reclamation of flats---------------------------- 24& Aqueduct, increasing water supply ----------------------------- 243 Improvement of Potomac River_ ------------- ___ ---- 235 Dock Hill Brook, N. Y 135 Dog River, Miss----------------------------------------------- 435 Donovan levee, Illinois__ - - -__________----1152 Don Pedro Reservoir, New Calif----------------------------------1449 Dorcheat Bayou, La -------------------------------------------- 492 Dorchester Bay and Neponset River, Mass _ _ __- _ _ _ ___ 38 Dorena Reservoir, Oreg-----------------------------, __----__ -1530 Double Bayou, Tex_--------------------------------------------- 597 Double Creek, N. J --------------------------------------------- 175 Dovers Creek, Ga ---------------------------------------------- 325 Dover, Ky ------------------------------------------------ 901, 904 Dover, Ohio, Reservoir------ ----------------------- - 917 Dover Lock & Dam, Tenn----____ - _----------------- -__-_ 833 Drainage district No. 1, Clatsop County, Oreg-- -------- _ -- 1540 Drakies Cut, Ga _ ------------------------ ----------------------- 326 Dresbach, Minn_ ---------------------------------------------- 1076 Dresden Island Ill_________________-- - ______________ 1140 Drum Island . C --------------------------------------------- 306 Drummond Creek, Fla_____--- ---.-- -------------------- 345 Drury drainage district, Ill-------------..---------------- --------- 1070 Dry Creek, N. Y ---------------------------------------------- 1286 Dry Pass, Alaska -------------------------------------------- - 1612 Dry Run, Iowa------------------------- ---------------------- 1051 Dry-Sweetwater Lakes, N. Dak __- - -_ --------- ___ ___---1054 Dubuque, Iowa, Lock_--_____-------------------------_ 1076 Duck Creek, Calif-----------------------------------------_ - 1446 Duck Island Harbor, Conn_ - - __ -- ______------------- 37, 38 Duck Point Cove, Md ------------------------------------------ 218 Duck River, Tenn __-------------------------------_ 848 Dudley Creek, N. Y -------------------------------------------- 122 Du Lac Bayou, La_ --------------------------------------------- 492 Duluth-Superior Harbor, improvement of---------------------------1008 Dunkirk Harbor, N. Y ------------------------------------ ----- 1258 Dunns Creek, and Crescent Lake, Fla ------------------------------ _ 386 Dupre Bayou, La----------------_ ------------------------------ 492 Duwamish Waterway, Wash------__ ___ _____-,------_ 1546, 1556 Duxbury Harbor, Mass_ ---------------------------- _ 38 Dyberry Reservoir, Dyberry Creek, Pa_____ __-__________ ___ ___ 177 Dyke Creek, N. Y -------------------------------------------- 1282' Dymers Creek, Va__--------------------------------------------- 248 E Eagle Creek, N. Mex ------------------------------------------- 672 Eagle Creek Reservoir, Ohio_ -------------------------------- _ 995 Eagle Gorge Reservoir, Wash_ -1574 Eagle Harbor, Mich- -1033 East Barre, Winooski River Basin, Vt _____ _________ 134 East Bay Bayou, Tex___-- -_______- ____ __ - -_ 621 East Boothbay, Harbor, Maine______ ---------------------------------- 37, 38 East Branch, Clarion River Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Pa---- ---- 962 East Brimfield Reservoir, Mass ---------------------------------- 49, 63 East Cache Creek, Okla_ 738 East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek Drainage District, Ill_ 547 East Chester Creek, N. Y __________-___-- - _______-________--113 East Floodway Ditch, Ark ________________________________ _ 540 East Fork Reservoir, Ohio------_ ----------- 903 INDEX 1725 Page East Hartford, Conn--------------------------------- __ - 53, 63, 64 Eastland, Leon River, Tex------------_ --------------------------- 655 East Liverpool, Ill --------------------------------------------- 1152 East Lynn, W. Va --------------------------------------------- 937 East of Hubby Bridge, Ill____ -__-____-________-________ 1152 East Pass Channel, Fla., from Gulf of Mexico into Choctawhatchee Bay__ 418 East Pearl River, Miss_ ----------------------------------- _ 444 East Peoria, Ill ----------------------------------------------- 1152 East Poplar Bluff and Poplar Bluff, Mo _____________--- ___ -___ 685 East River, N. Y., improvement, including Coenties Reef------------83, 113 East River Turning Basin, Wis__ _ - - -- ______ - -- 1096 East Rockaway (Debs) Inlet, N. Y_---------- ___ -________---80 East St. Louis and vicinity, Ill_---------_ ___-------__ __---563 East Sidney Reservoir, N. Y-------------------------------------121 East Twin Creek, Calif ----------------------------------------- 1355 Eaton Wash, Calif----------------------------------------_ ---- 1338 Eau Gallie, Fla_ ------------------------------------------------ 386 Echo Bay Harbor, N. Y ----------------------------------------- 113 Eddyville, Ky ------------------------------------------------- 832 Edenton Harbor, N. C_--------__ ------------------------- _ 306 Edgartown Harbor, Mass_ - 38 Edisto River, S. C_- ____ _____-----_ 320, 321 Edmonston, Md_ ----------------------------------------------- 249 Edward MacDowell Reservoir, N. H_--- ---------- __--_____--_ 42, 44 Edwardsville, Pa-------------------------------------- 221 Eel River, Calif ----------------------------------------------- 1409 Egegik River, Alaska ------------------------------------------ 1612 Egmont Channel, Fla ------------------------------------------- 379 Elfin Cove, Alaska_________________________________________________ 1612 Elizabeth, Pa ------------------------------------------------- 953 Elizabeth River, N. J_ ------------------------------------------- 113 Elizabeth River, Va.: Improvement of Norfolk Harbor, including Eastern, Southern, and Western Branches----------------------------------- 269, 274 Elizabethtown, Ill---------------- ------------------ _ 901, 904 Elk City, Kansas, west of_ _---------------------------------------- 736 Elk City (Table Mound) Reservoir, Kans----------------------- 732, 736 Elkhorn River Basin, Nebr ___ - _____ ____-___-----____ 787, 793 Elkins, W. Va --------------------------------------------- 981, 994 Elkport, Iowa------------------------------------------------ 1070 Elk River, Ala. and Tenn_ ______._____ ________- -___ 848 Elk River, Md_ --------------------------------------------- 155,218 Elk River, W. Va_ ---------------------------------------------- 914 Ellis, Ohio ---------------------------------------------------- 909 Ellis Island, N. Y ----------------------------------------------- 86 Elm Fork and Trinity River, Tex ___ _________ 632 Elmira, N. Y ------------------------------------------------- 123 Elokomin slough, Washington__ _--------- -_ 1520 Elsberry Levee, Upper Mississippi River---------------------------- 570 Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash, Calif-------------------------- 1334 Empire, La., improvement of waterway to the Gulf of Mexico ----------- 479 Empire, Ohio_ ------------------------------------------------- 994 Emsworth Lock, Pa___ 819 Endicott, Johnson City and Vestal, N. Y 134 England Pond levee unit, Illinois_---------------____------_ 601 Enid, Okla --------------------------------------------------- 709 Enid Reservoir, Miss ------------------------------------------ 1629 Erie, Colo --------------------- 793 Erie Canal, N. Y --------------------------------------------- -- 92 Erie Harbor, Pa_ ---------------------------------------------- 1254 ________ Escambia River, Fla __- -_________-_______-________--- 444 Escondido Creek, Tex__ 653 Essex River, Mass ---------------------------------------------- 38 Etowah River, Ga --------------------------------------------- 445 Eufaula Reservoir, Okla -------- 729 1726 INDEX Page Eugene, Oreg ---------------------------------------------- 1520 Eureka Channel, Calif------------------------------------------1368 Eureka Lock and Dam, Wis----- -------------------- ---- 1099 Evanston,Ill_ 1155 Evansville, Ind ----------------------------------------- 828, 901, 904 Everett Harbor, Wash -------------------------------------1546, 1548 Everglades, Fla------------------------------------------------ 389 Exeter River, N. H --------------------------------------------- 38 F Fabius River, Mo __________--__-_________--____-- - -_ 1070 Fairbanks, Alaska________ _________________________________ 1613 Fairfield, N. C__-------------------------------------------- 288, 289 Fairhaven and New Bedford Harbors, Mass_____________ _________--37 Fairmount Dam, Pa -------------------------------------------- 148 Fairport Harbor, Ohio____-______________________-____________ 1245 Fajardo Harbor, P. R _ 386 Fall River, Ill------------------------------------------------1063 Fall Creek Dam, Willamette River Basin, Oreg--------------------- 1522 Falling Spring Dam, Va ----------------------------------------- 285 Fall River Basin, S. Dak_ -------------------------------------- 776 Fall River and Harbor, Mass_________________________________ 19, 37 Fall River, Reservoir, Kans _ 717 Falmouth Harbor, Mass__ _____________ -_____ ____----__ _-38 Falmouth Reservoir, Ky ___-_____-_____________________-- 903, 904 Fancy Bluff Creek, Ga ------------------------------------------ 337 Gar Creek, N. C_ ------------------------------------------- 305, 306 Fargo-Moorhead, Minn. and N. Dak_____________________________ 1035 Farm Creek, Ill ----------------------------------------------- 1146 Farm Creek, Md----------------------------------------------- 197 Farmdale Dam, Ill-------------------------------------------- 1146 Farmers levee and drainage district, Illinois---------------------__ Farmington Reservoir, Calif ______-______________- Faulkner County, Ark_______________ _______________--_______ __ ___ 1152 1443 703 Fayerweather Island, Conn--------------------------------------- 34 Feather River, Calif ------------------------------------------- 1434 Federal Dam, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 88 Federalsburg, Md ---------------------------------------------- 228 Federal Water Power Act, investigation and supervision of projects------ 1695 Felsenthal Lock and Dam, Ark_ ----------------------------- _ 519 Ferguson Brook, N. H_ 44 Ferguson Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex__ ____ -___________--_ 646, 655 Fernbank, Ohio ---------------------------------------------- 822 Fernandina Harbor, Fla _ 335 Fern Ridge Reservoir, Oreg_ ----------------------------- _ 646, 1531 Ferrel's Bridge Reservoir, Tex_____________________________ _ 493, 497 Fighting Island Channel, Detroit River, Mich-----------------------1171 Fire Island Inlet, N. Y____ -------------------------------- -_ 75 Fishing Bay, Md----------------------------------------------- 197 Fishing Creek, Md ------------------------------------------ 195, 213 Fishing Creek, N. C -------------------------------------------- 306 Fishtrap Reservoir, Ky--------------------------------------- 937 Fivemile River Harbor, Conn_-------------------------------- 37, 38 Flat Rock Dam, Schuylkill River, Pa__---------------------------- 148 Flathead Lake, Mont., improvement of Polson Bay- 1570 Flathead River, Mont ------------------------------------------ 1570 Fletcher and Sunshine Gardens levee unit, Indiana ------------------ 901 Flint River, Ga. and Fla ------------------------------------- 405 Float Road Slough, Ark-----------------------------------------_ 540 Florence, Ala __ --------------------- 844 Florence, Kans-------------------------_ ------------------- 736 Florida Central and Southern ------------------------------------- 387 Flushing Bay, Harbor and Creek, N. Y---------------------- 113 Fly Creek, Ala___ ___ ---------------------- 444 Follansbee, W. Va_--------------- 994, 997 INDEX 1727 Page Folly Brook, Conn---------- ------------------------------------ 61 Folsom Reservoir, Calif ---------------------------------------- 1439 Fondulac Dam, Ill-------------------------------------------- 1146 Fond du Lac Harbor, Wis --------------------------------- 1098 Fore River, Me------------ ------------------------ 4 Forked Deer River, Tenn_ ---------------------------------------- 537 Forsyth, Mont ------------------------------------------------ 816 Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing Drainage Dist. No. 5, Ill 559 Fort Gaines Lock and Dam, Ga-------------------------------407, 411 Fort Gibson Reservoir, Okla______________________________________ 726 Fort Loudoun, Tenn_______________ _______________________844 Fort Madison, Iowa, harbor ------------------------------------- 1079 Fort McHenry Channel, Md_____________________________________ 185 Fort Peck Dam, Mont_ 807 Fort Peck, Mont., engineering district------------------------------807 Fort Pierce Harbor, Fla ______________- _______________________ 386 Fort Point Channel, Mass_______________________________________ 9 Fort Randall Reservoir, S. Dak________________ ______________ 780 Fort Scott Reservoir, Marmaton River, Kans -------------------- 746, 767 Fort Smith, Arkansas River, Ark_ 703 Fort Supply Reservoir, Okla__________________________________ 710 Fort Winnebago Lock, Wis -------------------------------------- 1100 Fort Worth floodway, Texas -------------------------------------- _ 641 Fort Worth, Tex., engineering district_______________________________ 627 Forty Fort, Pa--------------------- --------------------------- 219 Foster Brook, Pa----------------------------------------------958 Fountain Bluff, Ill --------------------------------------------- 554 Fountain Que Bouille River,Colo ____ ______________________ 673 Fourche Island, Ark_ --------------------------- 703 Fourche La Fave River, Ark ------------------------------------- 698 Four Mile Creek, S. C___--------------------------------------- 310 Fox Bluff, Tenn-----------------------------------------------_ 832 Fox River, Ill. and Wis_________________________________ ____ 1096, 1097 Locks and Dams _____________________________________- _ 1099 Francois Bayou, La_____ -------------------------------------- 514 Frankfort Harbor, Mich----------------------------------------1200 Frankfort, Ky ------------------------------------------ 869, 901, 904 Franklin, Va-------------------------------------------------- 277 Franklin to Mermentau River, La_ 467, 510 Franklin Canal, La---------------------------------------------458 Franklin Falls Reservoir, N. H______________________________ ------ 42, 43 Frazeyburg Reservoir, Ohio__-------------------------------------- 937 Frederica River, Ga 325 Fredonia, Kansas, west of_ -------------------------------------- 736 Freeport Harbor, Tex_ ----------------- 605 Freeport on Pecatonica River, Ill____________________________________ 1070 Freeport, Pa_------------------------------------------ 945, 994 Fremont Channel, Calif_ 1426 French Broad and Little Pigeon Rivers, Tenn------------------------848 French Creek Reservoir, Pa_ ________________________________ 995 Friendly, W. Va-------- ------------------------- 936 Fullerton Dam, Calif ------------------------------------------- 1352 Fullerton, Ky ------------------------------------------------- 936 Fulton, Ark--------------------------------------__ ------------ 452 Fusilier Bayou, La __________________--___-_____----__ 507 Galax, Va _------------------------------------------------- 936 Galena River, Ill------------------------------------------1062, 1070 Galion Bayou, La--------------------------------- ------------- 514 Galere Bayou, Miss------------------------------------------444 Gallatin, Tenn. lock and dam ------------------------------------- 835 Gallants Channel, N. C ._____________________________________ 297 Gallipolis locks and dams, W. Va - 822 363037-55--vol. 2--109 1728 INDEX Page Gallipolis, Ohio _ ------------------------------------ 820, 912, 936 Galveston Bay and Harbor, Tex_---------------------------- 581, 586 Galveston, Tex., engineering district--------------------------------573 Garnett Reservoir, Kans__---------------------------------- 746, 767 Garrison Channel, Fla-------------------------------------------- 383 Garrison, N. Dak., engineering district----- ------------------------- 797 Garrison Reservoir, N. Dak -------------------------------------- 798 Garrows Bend, Mobile River, Ala 422 Garza-Little Elm Dam, Tex----------------------------------632, 634 Gasconade River, Mo____ ---------------------------- _ 745, 746 Gastineau Channel, Alaska -------------------------------------- 1612 Gaston Reservoir, Va. and N. C----------------------------------- 281 Gate Creek Dam, McKenzie Basin, Oreg-------------------__ 1522, 1541 Gathright Reservoir and Falling Spring Reregulating Dam, James River Basin, Va_---------------------------------- 285 Gauley River, W. Va-------- -- -------------------------------- 914 Gavins Point, S. Dak. and Nebr ----------------------------------- 783 Gaysville Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt--------------------53, 63 Genegantslet Reservoir, Genegantslet Creek, N. Y- -YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY 134 General Joe Wheeler Dam, Tenn ---------------------------------- 843 Generols Cut, Ga--------------------------------------------- 325 Genesee River, Pa. and N. Y--------------------------- __ 1282, 1283 Genoa, Wis., lock--------------------------------------------- 1076 Georges River, Maine--------------------------------------------38 Georgetown Harbor, S. C 311 Gest, Ky_ ------------ ---------------------------------------- 869 Gila River, Ariz. and N. Mex------------------------------------1357 Giles Creek, Nebr _ ----------------------------------------- 793 Gill Township levee unit, Indiana -------------------------------- 904 Gillett, Ark., N. Little Rock to-----------------------------------703 Girard Point, Pa---------------------------------------------- 150 Gladstone Harbor, Mich_ ----------------- 1146 Glasgow, Mont------------------------------------------------816 Glen Cove Creek, N. Y -------------------------------------- 113 Glen Cove Harbor, N. Y 113 Glenmore, Ky ------------------------------------------------- 871 Gloucester Harbor, and Annisquam River, Mass_ 37, 38 Gloucester, N. J----------------------------------------------- 144 Goat Island Reservoir, Ga. and S. C------------------------------- 338 Golconda, Ill-------------------------__------------------823, 901, 904 Goldsboro, Neuse River, N. C------------------------------------307 Gold Creek, Alaska -------------------------------------------- 1613 Gonzales Dam, Tex__ ----------------------------------- 653, 655 Goose Creek, Md ---------------------------------------------- 197 Goose Creek, S. C----------------------------------------------313 Goose Hill Channel, Va ----------------------------------------- 265 Gordon Creek, Miss -------------------------------------------- 448 Gordons Landing, Lake Champlain, Vt ----------------------------- 113 Goshen Creek, N. J --------------- ----------------------------- 175 Gosport Harbor, N. H 7 Governors Run, Md -------------------------------------------- 219 Gowanus Creek Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y- --- 113 Grand Bayou Pass, La___---------------------------------------492 Grand Caillou Bayou, La_ 492 Grand Cheniere, La___ 511 Grand Ecore, Grand La_ Ecore, La----------------------------------------------- 504 504 Grand Forks-East Grand Forks, Minn., and N. Dak-----------------1035 Grand Haven Harbor and River, Mich-----------------------------1187 Grand Lake, La-----------------------------------------------511 Grand Marais, Mich., improvement of harbor of refuge------------_ 1175 Grand Marais Harbor, Minn-------------------------------------1004 Grand (Neosho) River Basin, Kans _ 721 Grand River, Ohio------------------------------------------1246 Grand River, Mich --- 1187 Grand River, Mo ------------- 746 INDEX 1729 Page Grand Tower Drainage and Levee, Ill________________________________ 553 Grand Traverse Bay Harbor, Mich--------------------------------1021 Grand View Bay, N. Y -------------------------------------- 1281 Grandview, Ind------------------------------------------ 901, 904 Grande Ronde River, and Valley, Oregon-------------------_ 1590, 1595 Grant and Rapides Parishes, La__ 506 Grant Parish below Colfax, La--------------------------------493, 512 Grapevine Reservoir, Tex ------------------------------------ 632, 636 Grass River (Massena), N. Y------------------------------------1281 Grassy Island, Wis----------------------------- --------------- 1096 Grays Harbor and River, Wash------------------------------1520, 1560 Grays Reef Passage, Mich _ 1227 Great Bridge, Va ---------------------------------------------- 274 Great Chazy River, N. YYYYYYYYYY YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY113 Great Falls, Va ------------------------------------------------ 243 Great Kills, Staten Island, N. Y-----------------------------------114 Great Lakes: Waterway to Hudson River ----------------------------------- 92 Great Miami River, Ind__-----------------------------------------903 Great Pee Dee River, S. C --------------------------------------- 320 Great Salt Plains Reservoir, Okla_ - -------- 713 Great Salt Pond, Block Island, R. I-- 38 Great Sodus Bay Harbor, N. Y - 1274 Great South Bay, N. Y -- ---------------------------- 74, 76 Green Bay Harbor, Wis ---------------------------------------- 1095 Green Bay levee to Drainage District No. 2, Iowa_ -- - - 1070 Greencastle, Ky---------------------------------- 871 Greenfield Bayou levee unit, Indiana__ 901 Green Island levee and Drainage District No. 1, Iowa_ 1070 Green Peter Dam, Oreg - 1541 Greenport Harbor, N. Y__ - 113 Green River, Ky_ 870, 903 Green River, Wash------------- 1574 Greensboro, Pa_- 953 Greenup, Ky_____ 822, 936 Greenwich Bay, and Cove, R. IL 38 Greenwich Harbor, Conn__ - - 38 Greers Ferry Reservoir, Ark 688 Gregory drainage district, Missouri - --- 1070 Grenada Reservoir, Miss__------------------- - 1629 Greybull, Wyo------------------------------ 815 Grosse Point channel, Mich ---------------------------- 1170 Grosse Tete Bayou, La----------------------_- 458, 492 Guadalupe River, Tex____ -------------------------- 651, 653 Guayanes Harbor, P. R ----------------------------------------- 386 Guilford Harbor, IConn ------------------------------------------- 38 Gulf Beach, Conn__ ---------------------------------- - 38 Gulf County Canal, Fla ---------------------------------------- 4021 Gulf Intracoastal Waterway between Apalachee Bay, Fla., and the Mexican border: Galveston District ------------------------------------------ 579 Mobile District -------------------------------------------- 399 New Orleans District ---------------------------------------- 455 Gulfport Harbor, Miss___ ------------------------------------ 439 Gull Lake Reservoir, Minn -------------------------------------- 1027 Guntersville, Tenn--------------------------------------------- 844 Guttenberg, Iowa_ ----------------------------------------- 1054, 1076 Guyandot River, W. Va ----------------------------------------- 914 Guyandot Reservoir, W. Va -------------------------------------- 937 H Hackensack River, N. J ----------------------------------------- 113 Hackleman Corners Reservoir, Mo_ 746, 767 Hacks Creek, Va_ - - - - -_- - ----- 256 Hadley Creek, Ill-_- -- - -_ ----- ----- 1063 1730 INDEX Page Hager Slough, Special Drainage District, Ill___ -- ----- 1148 Haines Canyon, Los Angeles River Basin__ - - -- 1326 Hales Bar, Tenn___ ----------------------------- --- 844 Halfmoon Bay, Calif------------------------__ - 1403 Hamburg, Ill., boat harbor opposite------------------------------- 1079 Hamburg, Iowa ---------------------------------------------- 793 Hammersley Inlet, Wash _ - 1570 Hammond Bay Harbor, Mich ------------------------------------ 1227 Hammondsport, Oswego River Basin, N. Y ------------------------- 1286 Hammonasset River to East River (Area 2), Conn ------- __ 38 Hampton Beach, N. H---------------------- -- 38 Hampton Creek, Va_ ----------------------------------- 279 Hampton Roads, Va.: Improvement of approaches to Norfolk Harbor-_ ----------------- 269 Removal of drift ------------------------------------------- 273 Hanapepe River, T. H -------- ---- -- 1406 Hanging Rock, Ohio-------- ------------------------------------ 936 Hanna Reef, Tex ---------------------------------------------- 621 Hannibal, Mo., harbor ----------------------------------------- 1079 Bear Creek at_------------------------------------------------ 1064 Hansen flood control Reservoir, Los Angeles River---------------_ 1326 Hanson Lock and Canal, La--------------------------------------467 Harbor Beach, Mich., harbor of refuge_--- 1211, 1227 Harbor Island Basin, Tex__ ___ 576, 612 Harbor of Refuge, Au sable River, Mich_--- 1211 Harbor of Refuge, Delaware Bay, Del___---- 175 Harbor of Refuge, Nantucket, Mass ___ -- - 39 Harbor of Refuge, Seward, Alaska -- -- 1607 Harbor of Refuge at Block Island, R. I ------------------------- 22 Harbor of Refuge at Point Judith, and Point Judith Pond, R. I-- 39 Hardwick Dam, Vt_ 134 Harlan County Reservoir, Nebr - 746, 758, 797 Harlem, Mont_ 816 Harlem River, N. Y- - -- - --- 85, 113 Harlingen, Tex_ 581 Harmon Creek, W. Va - - - 998 Harpers Ferry, W. Va__- -- 254 Harraseeket River, Maine- _ - 38 Harrisburg, Ill 901, 904 Harris Creek, Md_ 195 Harrison County, Miss_- --- 444 Harrisonburg, La ---------------------------------------------- 519 Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district No. 2, Illinois__ 560 Harrisville Harbor, Mich ------------------------------------- _ 1227 Harry L. Englebright (Upper Narrows) Reservoir, Calif_------------ 1679 Hartford, Conn_ 53, 61, 64 Hartford, W. Va_ 936 Hartsville, Tenn., lock and dam-- 835 Hartwell Reservoir, Ga., and S. C_ 338 Harvey Lock, La 455, 459 Hastings, Minn., harbor-_ - - --- 1079 Lock No. 2_ - - 1076 Hatchie River, Miss _ ----------------------------------------- 540 Hattiesburg, Miss -- 448 Havre, Mont_----_ ---- ----------------- 811 Havre de Grace, Md_- 218 Hawesville, Ky _ 887, 901 Haysi Reservoir, Va_ _ ----------------- 937 Hay Lake, Mich ---------------------------------------------- 1161 Hay, (West) Harbor, Fishers Island, N. Y ---------- 38 Head of Passes, La --------------------------------------------- 472 Heart River, N. Dak ------------------------------------------- 801 Heather Island, Fla -------------------------------------------- _ 349 Heber Springs, Ark -------------- -------- 688 Heidelberg, Ky--------- - -_ 869 INDEX 1731 Page Heise-Roberts area, Snake River, Idaho-------------------_ 1590, 1592 Hellen Creek, Md ---- ---------------------------------------- 248 Hempstead County levee district No. 1, Arkansas--------------_ 493, 512 Hempstead Harbor, N. Y---------------------------- 113 Henderson County Drainage District Nos. 1, 2, and 3, Ill______ - - - 1070 Henderson River, Ill__ __------- ----- --- 1070 Henderson, Ky______------------------------------------------------ 823 Henderson, W. Va__ --------------------------- 936 Hendersonville, Tenn------------------------------------------- 835 Hendricks Harbor, Maine__---------------------------------------38 Hennepin, Ill_ ------------------------------------------------ 1152 Henry T. Rainey Dam (Lock and Dam 26), Ill------------------_ 1077 Herkimer, N. Y--- ------------------------------- 94 Herreid, S. Dak ----------------------------------------------- 793 Herring Bay, Md_.--------------------- 219 Heyburn Reservoir and Channel Improvements, Okla---------_ ----- 716 Hickory Point, Tenn------------------------------------------ 832 Hicks Creek, Pa----------------------------------------------- 219 Higgins and Coldwater Canyons, Ballona Creek Basin--------_ ---- 1325 Higginsport, Ohio------------------------------------------ 901, 904 High Bridge, Ky ----------------------------------------------- 869 Hildebrand Lock and Dam, Monongahela River ---------------------- 951 Hillsboro Bay, Canal, River, and Inlet, Fla -------------------------- 377 Hills Creek, Dam, Oreg-__- Hillsdale Reservoir, Big Bull Creek, Kans_ Hilo Harbor, T. H----------------------- - ------ --------- ______ 1525 746, 767 1401 Hingham Harbor and Bay, Mass ---------------------- 38 Hiwassee River, Tenn ------------------------------------------- 848 Hockingport, Ohio --------------------------------------------- 936 Hocking River, Ohio---------------------------- 937 Hodges Village Reservoir, Mass- - ----------- 49,63 Hog Island Channel, S. C 313 Hog Island Shoal, Mass __--------- -- ----- 20 Hogan Reservoir, Calif____ ------------------------------------- 1443 Holbrook Levee, Little Colorado River, Ariz------------------------ 1360 Holla Bend Bottom, Ark ------------------- 703 Holland Harbor, Mich -------------- 1185 Holley Dam, Oreg------------------------- 1522, 1541 Holmes River, Fla------------- 444 Holston River, Tenn__ -------------------------------------------- 848 Holyoke and Springfield, Mass ---------- 53, 63, 64 Homme Reservoir and Dam, N. Dak -------------------------- 1034, 1040 Homochitto River, Miss ----- -------- 522, 531 Homosassa River, Fla ------------------------------------------- 386 Honey Creek levee unit,Ind----------------------------------901, 904 Honey Hill Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H-----------__ 53, 63 Honga River, Md ---------------------------------------------- 195 Honolulu Harbor,Hawaii--------------------------1395 Hood River, Oreg 1486 Hoosick Falls, N. Y---------------------------------------------- 115 Hopkinton-Everett Reservoir, N. H-------------------------------- 63 Hoquiam River, Wash ----------------------------------------- 1570 Hords Creek Reservoir, Tex----------- -------------------------- 650 Hornell N. Y --------------- ------------------------------ 126 Horn lfarbor, Va---------------------------------------------- 260 Horseshoe Bend, Pa -------------------------------------- 144 Horseshoe Bend, N. C___--------------------------------------- 300 Horseshoe Falls, N. Y ----------------- 1271 Horseshoe Cove, Fla _ ------------------------------ ---------- 386 Horseshoe Reef, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 1265 Horton and Dutch Creeks, The Sny Basin, Ill___-------------------- 1063 Hoskins Creek, Va --------------------------------------------- 240 Hot Springs, Fall River Basin, S. Dak ------------------------------ 776 Hoult, W.Va_ _ 953 Housatonic River, Conn_ 31 1732 INDEX Page Houston to Galveston Ship Channel, Tex__ 594, 622 Howard Farms-Reno Beach Area, Ohio-1232 Howards Bay Channel_______ ________------- --- __------ 1009 Howell Mill Shoals Dam, Ala______________________________________ 427 Hubbell, Rose Creek, Nebr-_____________-------- - -- _ 746, 767 Hubly Bridge, Sangamon River, Ill___________________________ ___ 1152 Hudson Harbor, Wis---------------------------- --------------- 1031 Hudson River, Fla____________-------- __- - 386 Hudson River, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 87 Channel -------------------- ------------------------ 85 Hudson, Wis ----------------------------------------------- 1031 Hugo Reservoir, Kiamichi River, Okla___ ______-_________ 735, 739 Hulah Reservoir, Okla_______________------- ------ 720 Hull Creek, Va-- --------- ------------------------------------ 256 Humbolt Bay, River and Harbor, Calif ---------------------------- 1367 Humboldt River, Nev-__ ------------------ 1471 Hunt drainage district, Ill --------------------------------------- 1070 Hunting Bayou, Tex------------------------------ -------------- 595 Huntington Harbor, N. Y _________________------- __- -___ 113 Huntington, W. Va.: Engineering district ----------------------------------- _ 907 Flood control_ -------------------------------- 927, 936 Lock and dam --------------------------------------------- 822 Huron Harbor, Ohio----------------------------------------- 1237 Hussey Sd., Maine---------------------------------------------- 4 Hutchinson, Kans ______________----_____-- -- __- ____ 706 Hyannis Harbor, Mass______________ 38 Hydraulic Mining, regulation of__________________________________ 1675 Hylebos Waterway, Tacoma Harbor, Wash______________ ___________ 1559 I Ice Harbor at Marcus Hook, Pa__________________________________ 175 Ice Harbor at New Castle, Del__ ________________________ 175 Ice Harbor Dam, Snake River_____----- ----------- -- 1586 Illuliuk Harbor, Alaska___ _______________________ ____ 1612 Illinois and Mississippi Canal, Ill_________________________________ 1057 Locks-------------------------- 1059, 1060 Illinois River, Ill________________ ____ _ 568, 1137, 1150, 1152 Illinois Waterway, Illinois and Indiana- 1137 Lock and Dams ------------------------------------------- 1140 Ilwaca, Wash------------------------------------------------ 1501 Index, Ark----------- ------------------------------------- 735 Indiana Harbor, Ind., improvement___ 1132 Indianapolis, Ind-----------------------------------------------904 Indian Creek, Ill ----------------------------------------------- 565 Indian Ford Dam, Wis____ __ ______ ______________ 1070 Indian Grave drainage district, Ill__________________________________ 1070 Indian Harbor, Maine__ - -__-__-__-_______________________ _ 38 Indian River, Fla ----------------------------------------- 369 Indian River Inlet and Bay, Del_________________________________ 162 Indian River Inlet to Rehoboth Bay, Del., Waterway_ -- 164 Indian River, Mich_____-------____________ 1207 Indian Rock Dam, Pa _______ -------- 227 Indianola, Republican River, Nebr______________-__________ 746, 767 Industrial Canal, New Orleans, La______________-_____________-___ 457 Industry, Pa_---------------------------------------------- 821,994 Inland Route, Mich_____ __ _____--------------- 1207 Inland Waterway from: Chesapeake Bay to Chincoteague Bay, Va---------------------- 209 Chincoteague Bay to Delaware Bay, Del___ __ ____--------175 Between Jefferson, Tex., and Shreveport, La_ 454 Between Rehoboth Bay and Delaware Bay, Del ------------------- _ 160 Delaware River to Chesapeake Bay_____________________________ 154 From Empire, La., to Gulf of Mexico 479 Franklin to Mermentau River, La-- 467, 510 INDEX 1733 Inland Waterway, from-Continued Page Great Lakes to Hudson River ---------------------------------- 92 From Indian River Inlet to Rehoboth Bay, Del- ---- 164 New Orleans, La., to Galveston Bay, Tex------------------------ 461 Port Aransas-Corpus Christi, Tex ------------------------------ 610 Sabine-Neches, Tex , 573 Vermilion Bay to Gulf Intracoastal --------------- 507 White Lake to Pecan Island La ------------------------------- 492 Inner Harbor Navigation Canal Lock, La------------------------455, 459 International Boundary Waters ---------------------------------- 1698 Interoceanic Canal surveys--------------------------------------1693 Intracoastal Waterway: Between Apalachee Bay, Fla., and the Mexican Border 401 Between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla----------------274 Caloosahatchee River to Anclote River, Fla-_ ---------- - ---- 373 Cross-Florida Barge Canal----------------------------------- 386 Gulf Intracoastal Waterway------------------------399, 439, 455, 579 Jacksonville to Miami, Fla___ ----------------------------------- 351 Long Island, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 74 Miami to Key West, Fla ------------------------------------- 386 Mississippi River to Bayou Teche, La---------------------------492 New Jersey ----------------------------------------------- 172 Okeechobee Waterway --- --- -------------------------------- 390 Between Pamlico Sound and Beaufort Harbor, N. C--- 293 Tombigbee-Tennessee Rivers Waterway-_----- --------- 444 Iola, Kans__ ----------------------------------------------- 736 Iowa River, Minn. and Iowa------------------------------. 1050, 1062 Iowa River-Flint Creek levee district No. 16, Iowa--------------_ - -- 1070 Ipswich River, Mass --------------------------------------------- 38 Iron Canyon (Table Mountain) Dam Sacramento River------_ - 1437 Ironton, Ohio_ ----------------------------------------------- 936 Irvington Harbor, N. Y -------------------------------------- 113 Isabella Reservoir, Calif___--------------------------------- ---- 1464 Islais Creek, Calif_ ----------------------------------------- 1373 Island Creek, Md. ------------------------------------ 218,248 Island levee unit, Ind___------------------------------------------- 901 Isle au Haut Thoroughfare, Maine ---------------------------------- 38 Isle of Wight Bay, Md ------------------------------------------ 211 Isle au Haut Thoroughfare, Maine --------------------------------- 38 Isles of Shoals Harbor, Maine and N. H_ 7 Ithaca, Oswego River Basin, N. Y -------------------------------- 1286 Ivy Landing, Ill__------------------------------------------ 558 J Jackson Creek, Va------------------------- 248 Jackson Hole, Wyo -------------------------------------------- 1591 Jackson, Ky --------------------------------------- 880, 901 _ Jackson Lock and Dam, Ala -------------------------------------- 431 Jackson, Miss., Pearl River at---------------------------------444, 447 Jackson River, Va --------------------------------------------- 282 Jacksons Gut, Md 216 Jacksonville, Fla.: Engineering district --------------------------------- 343 Harbor--------------------------------------_ 343 Jacksonville to Miami Intracoastal Waterway_---------- - -- 351 Jamaica Bay, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 113 James River, Va__ ------------------------------------------ 264 James River Basin, Va---------------------------- ---------- 285 Jamestown Reservoir, N. Dak___ 803 Janesville, and Indian Ford Dams, Wis_- 1070 Jefferson-Shreveport Waterway, La. and Tex 454 Jeffersonville-Clarksville, Ind _.------------- 882, 901 Jemez Canyon Dam and Reservoir, N. Mex---------- 664 Jenks, Okla --------------------------------------------------- 736 Jennings Beach, Conn--------- ___ ------- 38 1734 INDEX Page Jessamine Creek Reservoir, Ky----------------------------------- 904 Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, Ga________________________________ 407, 412 Joanna Reservoir, Mo_____________ 568 John Day Dam, Oreg. and Wash- 1520 John Day River Area Clatsop County, Oreg_ 1541 John Drainage Dist., Oreg_________ ____________________________ 1539 John H. Kerr Reservoir, Va. and N. C_ -_ - 282 John Martin Reservoir, Arkansas River, Colo __________ 659 Johns Creek, Ky------ 937 Johnsonburg, Pa_ 964, 994 Johnson Creek, Oreg _________________________________ 1522, 1541 Johnsons Bayou, La_______________ _____________________________ 621 Johnsons River, Conn___________________________________________ 34 Johnstown, Pa_-------------------------------- 972, 994 Jones Bluff Lock and Dam, Ala __________________________________ 427 Jones Inlet, N. Y ----------------------------------------------- 77 Jordan River, Miss --------------------------------------------- 440 Jordan River, Utah-__________ ________________________________ 1468 Josias River, Maine--------- ------------------- ----------------- 38 Juneau Harbor, Alaska---------- ------------- ----------------- 1612 K Kahului Harbor, T. H_ 1398 Kalamazoo River, Mich__ 1183, 1228 Kanawha River, W. Va ______________ -- ---- _____________ 911 Locks and Dams_ - 912 Flood control reservoirs_ 937 Kankakee River, Ill. and Ind_________________--__________ 1152 Kanopolis Reservoir, Missouri River, Kans_-_-_-- 746, 760 Kansas City, Mo., engineering district- -_________________ _________ 741 Kansas City to the Mouth, Missouri River ____________________ 741 Kansas City to Sioux City, Missouri River 772 Kansas Cities, Mo. and Kans---------------------- 750 Kapalama Basin, T. H______________---------------7 1395 Kasinger Bluff Reservoir, Mo_ 746, 767 Kaskaskia Island, Ill____________________________- 568 Kaskaskia River, Ill __ ____ ---- 547, 568 Kaukauna, Wis---------------------------------------- 1098, 1099 Kaunakakai Harbor, T. H______________________________________ 1397 Kaw, Okla___------------------------------------------------- 736 Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii ________________ 1400 Kawainui Swamp, Island of Oahu, T. H_________________ 1407 Kaweah River, Calif----------------- 1462 Kawkawlin River, Mich__---------------------------- - 1233 Keehi Lagoon, T. H-------------- --------------------- 1394 Keithsburg, Ill--------------- ------------------------------- 1070 Kelly Lake, Ill---------- 1152 Kelly Levee Setback, La_____________________--________ __ 513 Kendrick, Idaho_ -------------- 1590 Kenedy, Tex------------ ---------- 653, 655 Kendall Creek, Pa------------- ------------------- ------------- 958 Kenilworth,Ill-_ ---- I I II I I I IIIIII----------------- 1155 Kennebec River, Maine___--- --------------------- ________ 38 Kennebunk River, Maine 6 Kennewick, Wash------------------- ------------------- ---------- 1475 Kenosha Harbor, Wis-------------------------- 1120 Kenslers Bend, Nebr. to Sioux City, Iowa - 785 Kent Island Narrows, Md ___-- 192, 215 Kentucky River, Ky 868, 903 Locks and Dams---- - ----------------------------- 869 Kentucky Lock and Dam, Gilbertsville, Ky__________ 844 Keokuk, Iowa Lock----------------------------------- 1077 Kern River, Calif------------------------------------------- 1465 Kerfoot Creek, Ill ---------------- ----------------------------- 1146 Kerton Valley, Ill---------------------------------------------1152 INDEX 1735 Page 1Ketchikan Harbor Alaska-. _______ -___--_______- -_______ _ 1612 Kettle Creek, Pa -------------------------------------------------- 223 Kewaunee Harbor, Wis 1106 Keweenaw Waterway, Mich----------------------------------------1018 Keyport Harbor, N. J---------------------------------------------114 Keystone Lock and Dam, La___________________________________ ___ 482 Keystone Reservoir, Okla ---------------- 714 Key West, Fla., improvement of harbor------------------------------ 386 Key West, Fla., Intracoastal Waterway from Miami ------------------- 386 Kiamichi River, Okla ________________________ ________ ____ 737 Kill Van Kull, N. Y ------------------------------- 97 King Bluff, N. C 300 Kings Creek, Va_ ------------- 279 Kings Island, Ga_ 326 Kings River, Calif ------------ 1459 Kingston Harbor, Mass. (North Plymouth Harbor)----- - ------- 38 Kingston, Pa-----------------------------------------_ -------------- 221 Kingsville, Tex----------------------------------------------------- 655 Kiser Creek, Ill --------------------------------------------------- 1063 Kishwaukee River, Ill----------------------------------------- 1072 Kissimmee River, Fla-------------------------------- 386, 388 Kittanning, Pa ___ ------ ------------ 945, 994 Knappa area, Clatsop County, Oreg____________ ________________ 1541 Knapps Narrows, Md __-- -- 194 Knife River and Harbor, Minn. and N. Dak -------------------------- 1006 Knightville Reservoir, Mass ----------------------------------------- 53, 59 Knobbs Creek, Va ------------------------------------------------- 279 Knobel, Ark_ 703 Kodiak Harbor, Alaska _--__ ----------- 1609 Kootenai River, Idaho and Mont----------__________________________ 1570 Kootenay Lake Board of Control ---------------------- 1707 Kuhio Bay, T. H_ ----------------------------------- - -1402 Kuttawa Lock and Dam, Ky ------------------------------------------ 833 L Lacey, Langellier, West Matanzas, and Kerton Valley, Ill--------- 1152 Lackawanna River, Pa-_ 228 Lac La Belle Harbor, Mich_ ------------------ 1020 Lacombe Bayou, La___ 492 Lac qui Parle Reservoir, Minn------------------------ 1048 Lafayette River, Va_ - --- ---------- 279 Lafourche Bayou, La ------- 480 La Grange Bayou, Fla________________ ___ 444 La Grange Lock and Dam, Ill_ 1140 Laguna Madre Bay, La. and Tex _ 616 Lake Ashtabula and Baldhill Dam, N. Dak __ 1034, 1042 Lake Betsie, Mich__________ 1201 Lake Bisteneau, La__ 492 Lake Bluff, IIIllIIIII 1155 Lake Brownwood Reservoir, Tex_. ---- 655 Lake Calumet, Ill----------------------------- 1146 Lake Champlain, N. Y. and Vt_ ------------------- 95 Lake Champlain Board of Control_- ____ 1699 Lake Charles Deep Water Channel, La - -- ___ 487, 492 Lake Chautauqua, N. Y____--- - - -- 995 Lake City, Minn., harbor___ ---------- ---- 1.079 Lake City, Tenn -------- -- 860 Lake Crescent, Fla _ -. - - . 386 ..-- Lake Crockett, Wash ----------------------------- ---- 1570 Lake Drummond Canal_------------------------------ --- 275 Lake Forest, Ill--- _ ------------------------------- -------- 55 Lake Greeson, Ark------_ ------------------------------------ - 524 Lake Griffin, Fla 3----------------- Lake Hamilton, Ark --------------------------------------- 25 363037-55-vol. 2-110 1736 INDEX Page Lake Harbor, Fla_---------------------------------------------- 390 Lake Macatawa, Mich _____--___ -___________________________1185 Lake Michigan Ship Canal, Wis ---------------------------------- 1102 Lake Montauk Harbor, N. Y---- --------------------------------- 72 Lake Nicolet, Mich-- ------------------------------------------ 1161 Lake Ogleton, Md--------------------- --- -------- 219 Lake Okeechobee, Fla__ _--- ------------------------------- 369, 395 Lake of the Woods, Minn--------------------------------------- 1706 International Control Board---------------------------------1706 Lake Ontario Board of Engineers--------------------------------- 1701 Lake Ouachita, Ark-------------------------------------------- 524 Lake Pontchartrain, La_------------ -------- --------------------- 1706 Lake River, Wash---------------------------------------------520 Lake St. Clair, Mich., Channels in-------------------------------- 1170 Lakes, Great. See Great Lakes. Lake Superior Board of Control------------------ ---------------- 1705 Lake Survey, U. S------------------------------- ------------------ 1293 Lake Texoma, Red River, Tex. and Okla -- _____---__ _______________ 733 Lake Traverse, Minn. and S. Dak---------------------------------1033 Lake Traverse and Bois de Sioux River, S. Dak ...----------------- 1034, 1044 Lake Washington, Miss ------------------------- 522 Lake Washington Ship Canal, Wash., improvement--------------- 1546, 1553 Lake Winnebago, Wis _____-------- - ----- ---_______ 1098 Lake Winnepesaukee, N. H___---_------- _____________________ 38 Lake Worth, Fla--------------------------------- ------------- 359 La Marsh, Ill------------------------------------------------ 1150 Lambert Point, Va---------------------------- ---------------- 270 Lamoille River, Vt-----------------------------------------------134 Lamprey River, N. H ------------------------ ------- 38 Lampasas Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex_------------------------- 646, 655 Lancaster, Cayuga Creek, N. Y --------------------------------- 1286 Lanceford Creek, Fla __________-- -------- __________ 335 Laneport Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex--------------------- - 646, 655 L'Anguille River, Ark__________________ -------------- ----- 537, 540 Lansing, Iowa, harbor--------- --------------------------------- 1079 La Quinta, Tex------------------------------------------------ 611 Larchmont Harbor, N. Y---- ----------- ---- ------------------- 113 La Trappe River, Md------------------------------------------- 218 Latrobe, Pa-__----- ----------------------- 995 Lavaca Bay, Tex., improvement of channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca --------------------------------------------------- 609 Lavaca-Navidad Rivers, Tex------------------ --------------------- 624 Lavon Reservoir, Tex________-------------------- - --- 631, 632 Lawrence, Kans., Kansas River at ------------- ----- ___ 746, 767 Lawrence, Mass------------------ ---------------- 42, 63 Lawrenceburg, Ind------- ---------------------------------- 901, 904 Lawrenceburg, Ky --------------------------------------------- 869 Lawton, Okla------------------------------------------------- 738 Lea.d Creek, Ky------------------------------- ---------------- 887 Leaf River, Miss------------------------------------- 444, 514 Leavenworth, Ind--------------------------------------- 823, 901, 904 Lebanon, Tenn---------------------------------------------- 835 Le Carpe Bayou, La ------------------------------------- 492 Le Claire Lock, Iowa ------------------------------------------ 1076 Leech Lake Reservoir, Minn ------------------------------------- 1027 Leech River, Minn ____ _______--------- ------ ____ 1027 Leesville, Ohio, Reservoir_____------ ------------------------------- 917 Leesville Reservoir, Va__--------------------------------------- 281 Leetonia, Ohio------------------------------------------------ 999 Leetsdale, Pa ------------------------------------------------- 995 Lehigh River, Pa------------ ------------------- --------------- 176 Leipsic River, Del------------ ---------------- ----------------- 175 Leland Harbor, Mich ------------------------------------------ 1202 Lemon Bay, Fla_------------------------- 375 Lemon Creek, Staten Island, N. Y-- --------- ------- 114 INDEX 1737 Page Leon River, Tex. --------------------------------------------- 647 Letart Falls, Ohio-------------- ---------------------------- 936 936 Letart, W. Va------------------------------------------------- Levees between Shelby Bridge and Baum's Bridge, Kankakee River, Ind Levee unit 1, Little Wabash River, Ill__------------------------------ - 1152 901 Levee unit 2, Little Wabash River, Ind---------------------------- 901 Levee unit 1, Eel River, Ind___---------------------------------- 901, 904 Levee unit 2, Eel River, Ind---------------------------------- 901, 904 Levee unit No. 6, 11, Ohio River Basin_____------------------------ 904 Levee unit 3, East Fork of White River, Ind------------------------ 904 Levee unit No. 1, Wabash River, Ill-------------------------- --- 904 Levee unit No. 2, Wabash River, Ind ----------- -------------- --- 904 Levee units 3 and 4, Wabash River, Ill. and Ind_----------- ------- 904 Levee unit 5, Wabash River, Ind----__---------- ------------------- 904 Levee unit 6, Wabash River, Ill_ 901 Levee unit 7, White River, Ind----------------------------------- 901 Levee unit 1, White River, Ind__----------------------------------- 901 Levee unit 2, White River, Ind----------------------------------- 901 Levee unit 8, White River, Ind_---.- 9----------------- 904 Levee unit 9, White River, Ind_______------------------ __ 904 Levee unit 10, White River, Ind___----------------------------- - 904 Levee unit 17, Wabash River, Ind --------------------- 901 Levering Creek, Md --- -------------------------------- 206 Levisa Fork, W. Va. and Ky ------------------------------------- 929 Lewes, Del_---------- --------------------------------------- 161 Lewis and Clark River area, Clatsop County, Oreg------- ------------ 1541 Lewisport, Ky-------------------------------------- ---------- 901 Lewis River, Wash. and Oreg__-------------- ----------- 1520, 1541 Lewiston-Clarkston Levees------------------------------------- 1599 Liberty (Bedloe) Island, New York Harbor, N. Y--------------------- 97 Liberty, Tex------------------------------------------------- ------- 599 Libby Dam, Mont ---------------- ------------------ 1570 Licking River, Ky------------------------------------------ 874, 903 Lima Lake Drainage district, Ill______ ___---------------------- _ 1070 Lisle, N. Y---------------------------- ----------------- --------- 122 Little Annemessex River, Md__----------------------------------_ 202 Little Bay (Aransas Bay at Fulton), Tex--------------------------- _ 621 Little Caillou Bayou, La- --------------------------------- _ 492 Little Calumet River, Ill. and Ind---------------------------_____ 1152 Little Choptank River to Choptank River, Md., waterway ------------- 218 Little Chute Lock and Dam, Wis_ ---------------------------- _ 1099 Little Creek, Md---------------------------------- ------------ 215 Little Cypress River, Tex_________------------------------------ 514 Little Egg Harbor, N. J_----------------- --- ---- __ __ _ 175 Little Elk River, Md ------------------------------------------ 218 Little Falls, W. Va--------------------------------------------- 953 Little Goose Creek, Wyo_____-------__--- --_________--_____ ___ 814 Little Goose Dam, Snake River___--------------____ - -___ ___ 1586 Little Harbor, N. H------------- -------- ------------------------ 39 Little Harbor, Woods Hole, Mass__ ______________--- _____---___-39 Little Hocking, Ohio_______-----______-______________ 821 Littlejohn Creek, Calif____------------------------------------- 1443 Little Kanawha River, W. Va____________ __________-_______-- - - -914 Flood control reservoirs-- _____-_____--_____------ 937 Little Kaukauna Lock and Dam, Wis_______________ ___________- - 1099 Little Lake Harbor, Mich______--------______ - ___________--- _ 1227 Little Machipongo River, Va----------- ------------------------ 279 Little Manatee River, Fla -------------------------------------- 386 Little Miami River, Ohio, flood control reservoirs---------------------903 Ark__________ Little Missouri River, AAAAAA 522, 524, 526 Little Missouri River, Mont. and N. Dak_ 802 Little Naragansett Bay, R. I____---___________---_- 24 Little Pee Dee River, S. C___-----_________ - -__ ____----- 320 Little Pigeon Bayou, La_ 492 1738 INDEX Page Little Pigeon River, Tenn_ ___ ____________----------------------------- - 848 Little Prickly Pear Creek, Mont---------------------------------- 817 Little River, Ark. and La---------------------------------522, 540, 735 Little River, Cayuga Island.. ------------------------------------ 1268 Little River, Del_ ------------------------------------ 175 Little River, Niagara Falls, N. Y---------------------------------1268 Little River, Va--- ------------------------------------------- 279 Little Rock, Ark.: Engineering district ----------------------------------------- 677 Arkansas River-------- ------------------------------------ 703 Little Silver Creek, N. J----------------------------------------- 109 Little Sioux River, Iowa___ 786, 795 Little Sodus Bay, N. Y 1.281 Little Tallahatchie River, Miss ------------------------------------ 522 Little Tennessee River, Tenn_ 848 :Little Valley Wash, Utah__ -- 1471 Little Wicomico River, Va-VVVVVVVVVVVVV--V-V--VVV-V--V 239 Little Willow and Wakefield Creeks, Minn------- ------- ------------ _ 1046 Little Wood River, Idaho_______--_____-___-_____________ 1590 Liverpool drainage and levee district-------____________________________ 1152 Livingstone Channel, Detroit River, Mich__________________________ 1171 Lobdell Canal,Del ------------------------------------------- ---- 152 Lock and Dam No. 1, Tennessee River, Florence, Ala ------------------ 844 Lockport, Ky-------------------------------------------------- 869 Locklies Creek, Va.------------- ---------------------- 248 Lockport, Ill-----------__-------------------------------------- 1140 Lockwoods Folly River, N. C_--------------------------------__ 306 Logan Reservoir, Ohio_____________--------------------------------__________ 937 Logansport, Ind----------------- -------------------------- 904 Loggy Bayou, La ---- - --------------------------------------- 492 London, W. Va---------------------------------------------- 912 Lone Rock Reservoir, Ark______----------------------- __ ---------- 688 Long Beach Channel, Mass_-------------------------------------- 80 Long Beach Harbor, Calif ------------------------------------- 1311 Long Island intracoastal waterway, New York ----------------------- 74 Long Island Sound, N. Y ---------------- _-- -------------- 70 Long Tom River, Oreg----------------------------------------- 1531 Lookout Bight, N. C------------- ------------------- ----------- 298 Lookout Point Reservoir, Oreg_----- - --- -------- -- ____ 1526 Loosahatchie River, Tenn_-- ------- ----------- -- 540 Lopez Canyon Diversion, Calif 1------------------ Lopez Flood Control Reservoir, Calif ---------------------------- 1327 Lorain Harbor Ohio.------ --------------------- 1239 Los Angeles, Calif.: Engineering district ---------------------------------------- 1303 Flood control on river____--------- ---- ------- 1325 Improvement of harbor___ 1311 Los Angeles County drainage area, California------------------------1324 Los Esteros Reservoir, Pecos River, Santa Rosa, N. Mex------------- 668 Lost Creek, Ill__----------------------------------------- 1149, 1152 Louisiana, Mo-------------------------------- ---------------- 1079 Louisville and Portland Canal, Kentucky ___---_ 819 Louisville, Ky--------------------------------------------- 883, 901 Engineering district__--- __ ---------------------- 867 Lock, Ohio River._-------------------- 823 Lowell, Mass --------------------------------------------- 42, 63, 64 Lowell, Creek, AlaskOhio -909---------------------------------------1613 Lowell Creek, Alaska_ _- -- 1613 Lower Columbia River Basin, Oreg., Bank Protection Works _ 1538 Lower Heart River, N. Dak______---- _ ---------------------- 802 Lower Cumberland lock and dam__ ------------------------------- 833 Lower Granite Dam, Snake River______________ _ 1586 Lower Machodoc Creek, Va_--- -------------------------------- 248 Lower Monumental Dam, Snake River-_,_-- - 1586 Lower San Francisco Bay, Calif----_ --------- -- 1403 INDEX * 1739 Page Lower San Joaquin River, Calif_------------ -- ------------------- 1448 Lower Thoroughfare, Deal Island, Md------------------------------ 200 Lower Walla Walla River, Wash--------------------------------- 1590 Lower Willamette River, Oreg---------------------------------- 1494 Lowes Wharf, Anchorage, Md------------------------------------ 216 Lowsville, W. Va----------------------------- ----------------- 953 Loyalhanna Revervoir, Pa -------------------- 978 Lubec Channel, Maine-------------------------------------------39 Lucky Peak Reservoir, Idaho------------------------------------1593 Ludington Harbor, Mich_ ------------------------------------- 1195 Ludlow, Ky- _- ne---------- Ri- ---- 901, 904 Ludlow Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt 53, 63 Lugert Reservoir, Okla__---------- ------- 737 Luke Chute, Ohio ---------------------------------------------- 909 Lumber River, N. C., and S. C------------------------------------320 Lussenhop levee, Illinois__-------------------------------------1152 Lutsen Harbor, Minn------------------------------------------1033 Lycoming Creek, Pa__----------------------------------------- 224 Lyford levee, Indiana ------------------------------------------- 904 Lynch River, S. C ---------------------------------------------- 320 Lynn Harbor, Mass --------------------------------------------- 39 Lynn-Nahant Beach, Mass---------------------------------------- 39 Lynns Bayou, Tex-- ------------------------------------------ 608 Lynxville, Wis. Lock ------------------------------------------- 1076 Lytle Creek, Calif------------------------------------_ 1348, 1355, 1360 M MacArthur Lock, St. Marys, Mich -------------------------------- 1159 Macatawa Lake, Mich_ ----------------- 1185 Machias River, Maine--------- ---------------------------------- 39 Mackay Creek, N. C------------------------------------------306 Mackinac Harbor, Mich., improvement---------------------------- 1227 Mackinac Straits, Mich., Channels in_______________________________ 1165 Macon Bayou, Ark. and La-------------------------------------- 522 Macon, Ga 341 Madison, Ind ---------------------------------------- 901,904 Madison, Tenn_ ------------------------------------------------ 835 Mad Creek, Iowa------------- -------------------------------- 1067 Magruder drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg_ ------ 1539, 1540 Mahoning Creek, Reservoir, Pa----------------------------------- 967 Mahoning River, Ohio------------------- Main Ship Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y-------------------------96 ----------------------- 957 Maintenance, Operation and Capital Outlay, Washington Aqueduct- ----- 243 Malaga Island, Me., N. H_ 7 Malden River, Mass---------------------------------------------39 Malheur River, Oreg-------------------------------------------1590 Mamaroneck Harbor, N. Y -------------------------------------- 113 Manasquan-Bayhead Canal, N. J---------------------------------- 172 Manasquan Inlet and River, N. J _ _---------------------------- 169 Manatee River, Fla-------------------------------------------- 386 Manchac Bayou, La---------------------------- ---------------- 492 Manchester Harbor, Mass_---------------------------------------39 Manchester, Ohio ------------------------------------------- 936 Manchester, Tex ----------------------------------------------- 595 Mandan, N. Dak-_ ----------------- 801 Manhattan, Kans ------------------------------------------ 746, 767 Manhasset Bay, N. Y 113 Manistee Harbor and River, Mich--------------------------------1197 Manistique Harbor, Mich __-- -- ------------------------ 1177 Manitowoc Harbor, Wis-___ ------------------- 1109 Mannford Reservoir, Okla ---------------- 678 Manokin River, Md_ - -------- ----- 218 Mansfield Hollow Reservoir, Conn-------------------------------49,50 Mansfield Reservoir, Ind------------------------ ---- 892, 903 Manteo (Shallowbag) Bay, N. C ------------------------------ 305,306 1740 * INDEX Page Mantua Creek, N. J_ ___ ..-------------------------- ____ 144, 175 Maple River, Iowa - ----------------------------------------- 786 N. Dak_ _- - - -_ ------------- Maple River, Ohio_________________________________ 1035 936 Mapleshade, Mapleshade, Ohio----------------------------------------------- 936 Marblehead Harbor, Mass__----- ----- --------- __ -________ 39 Marcus Hook Pa_--- __------------------- __ _____ 144, 175 Mare Island Strait, Calif ----------------------------------- 1378, 1379 Marietta Ohio___________________________________ 821,909, 936 Marion County drainage district, Mo------- 1070 Marion Reservoir, Kans_ -------------- ___ ----- _ 736 Mariposa Dam, Calif-_ 1454 Markham Ferry Reservoir, Okla_______________--____--___-___ 724 Markland locks and dams, Ind---------------------- ________ 822 Marmarth, N. Dak --------------------------------------------- 802 Marmet, W. Va-----------------------------------------------912 Marquette Bay Harbor, Mich., improvement of harbor. See Presque Isle Harbor. Marquette Harbor, Mich____________________________________-_ 1023 Marshall, Minn-------------------------------_ ---------------- 1054 Marshall Creek, Calif------------------------------------------1325 Marsh Creek, Idaho----------------- ----- ------------- 1593 Marshfield, Oreg ---------------------------------------------- 1516 Marsh Lake Reservoir, Minn., flood control_----- 1048 Marsh River, Minn------------------ -------------------------- 1035 Marshland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg------------------1540 Marshyhope Creek, Md---------------------------------- ------- 228 Marseilles Lock and Dam, Ill_ ------------------------------------ 1140 Marthas Vineyard, Mass------------------------------- --------- 17 Martins Ferry, Ohio------------ ------------------------ 995 Marysville, Kans____________ ___ ___-----------------------746, 767 Mason and Menard, Ill ___________---------------- --------- 1152 Masonboro Inlet, N. C____----------- ----------------------- 288, 306 Mason J. Niblack levee unit, Indiana__--------------------------- -- 901 Mason, W. Va----------------------------------------------- 936 Massena Board of Control, operations of International----------------1699 Massillon, Ohio__-_______________________________ 914, 936 Matawan Creek, N. J------------------------------------------- 114 Mathews Canyon Reservoir, Nev---------------------------------1358 Matinicus, Maine ------------------------------------------- 39 Mattapoisett Harbor, Mass-__ --------------- 39 Mattaponi River, Va___ -------------------------------------- 279 Mattituck Harbor, N. Y___ ______ ___ ______-_____-___-- _ 70 Mauckport, Ind_ -------------------------------------------- 901,904 Maumee Bay and River, Ind., Ohio____ ------------------ 1224, 1227 Maurice River, N.J-------------------------------------------- 175 Maxville, Ky------------------------- ----------------------- 822 Mayaguez Harbor, P. R --- ------------------------------- 386 Mayfield Creek, Ky_ -------------------------------------------- 540 Maysville, Ky____----------------------------------------- 822, 933, 936 McConnellsville, Ohio_____-------------------------------------- 909 McCraney-Hadley Creeks, Pike County, Ill---------_ - _------ 1063 McCreadys Creek, Md__ ----- 197 McGee Bend Dam, Texas_-__ ___----------------------- _____ 628, 629 McGee Creek, Ill---------_-- ---------------- --------------- --- 569 McGinnis levee unit, Indiana___- ___------------------- _____ 901, 904 McHenry Valley Creek, N. Y______________________________ ___ _ 127 McKees Rock, Pa_--------------- 995 McKenzie River, Oreg ---------------------------------------- 1532 McLean Bottom levee district No. 3, Arkansas River, Ark _ ---- _ 703 McLeod Lake, Calif --------------------------- ---------------- 1426 McMechen, W. Va-----------------_ ------------------------------- 821 McNary Lock and Dam, Oreg----------------------------------- 1587 Medomak River, Maine__-------------------------------------37, 39 Meherrin River, N. C_ ----------------------------- 306 Melbourne Harbor, Fla___ 386 INDEX 1741 Page Melones Reservoir (New), Calif_____________ _____________ -- __- 1449 Melrose Reservoir, Va___________________ __---------------281 Melvern Reservoir, Kans__________________________________ 746, 767 Memphis Harbor, Tenn__ ______________________ - 1642 Memphis, Tenn.: Engineering district___________________________________________ 535 Harbor at Memphis----------------------------------------- 535 Menasha Lock and Dam, Wis_____________________________ _____ 1099 Menemsha Creek, Marthas Vineyard, Mass__ ______________-------37, 39 Menominee Harbor and River, Mich. and Wis______________ ______ 1091 Meramec Res., Mo --------------------------------------------- 568 Merced County stream group, California --------------------------- 1453 Meredosia Lake and Willow Creek, Ill __________________ 568, 569 Meridian, Miss., Sowashee Creek----------------------------------448 Mermentau River, La___________________________ _ 456, 467, 485, 509 Merriam, Turkey Creek, Kans_ ------------------------------ 746, 767 Merrimack River Basin, Mass. and N. H-________________________ 39,42 Metlakatla Harbor, Alaska_______________________________________ 1612 Metamora Reservoir, Ind - 903, 904 Metropolis, Ill --------------------------------------------- 901, 904 Meyers Chuck Harbor, Alaska-________ ____________________ 1612 Miami Harbor and River, Fla.: Improvement of harbor -------------------------------------- 363 Miami to Key West, Fla., Intracoastal Waterway --------------------- 386 Mianus River, Conn ________________________________________ 39 Michigan City Harbor, Ind ________________--_______________ 1135 Middle Beach, Conn --------------------------------------------- 39 Middle Creek, Calif ------------------------------------------- 1438 Middleport, Ohio ---------------------------------------------- 936 Middle River, and connecting channels, Calif ------------------------ 1434 Middle River, Md---------------------------------------------_ 218 Middlesboro, Ky ____-------------- 848, 863 Middleton Shoals Reservoir, Ga. and S. C_________________-------_ 338 Midland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg---- ------- _ 1539, 1540 Midland, Pa _ --------------------- 821 Milan, Ill --------------------------------------------------- 1060 Miles City, Mont__ ---------------------------------------------- 816 Miles Creek, Calif --------------------------------------------- 1454 Milford, Del--------------------------------------------------_ 159 Milford Harbor, Conn ------------------------------------------- 30 Milford Haven, Va--------------------------------------------- 248 Milford Reservoir, Kans___ ___________________________746,767 Milk River, Mont ------------------------------------ 811, 817 Mill Bayou,La 532 Mill Creek and South Slough, Illinois ---------------------------- 1061 Mill Creek Levees, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif_____________-- ---- 1360 Mill Creek, Md ----------------------------------------------- 219 Mill Creek, Ohio_________________________________ 877, 878, 903 Mill Creek, Tex ----------------------------------------------- 624 Mill Creek, Va------------------------------------------------_ 248 Mill Creek, Wash__________ ___________________________ 1590, 1597 Miller, Ohio -------------------------------------------------- 936 Miller Pond, Drainage District, Ill_________________________________ 550, 551 Millersburg Reservoir, Ohio__ 937 Millers Ferry Lock and Dam, Ala_______________________________---427 Millers Run, Pa_ _..___________- 224 Mill Four drainage district, Yaquina River, Oreg ----------------- 1541 Millicoma River, Oreg_-----------------------------------------1520 Mill River, Conn _ ------------------ 28 Millwood Reservoir, in Red River Basin, Ark------------------------ 735 Millwood, W. Va_ _-------------- - 822, 936 Milton-Freewater, Walla Walla River, Oreg------------------ 1596 Milton, Ky ----------------------------------------------- 901, 904 Milton, Pa- _ -- 229 1742 INDEX Milwaukee, Wis.: Page Improvement of harbor --------------------------------- 1116 Mindenville, N. Y ----- ------------------ ---------- 93 Miners Bend, S. Dak------------------------ ------------ 785 Mingo Creek, S. C------------------------ 320 Mingo Junction, Ohio ------------------------------------------- 995 Minum Creek, S. C---------------------- ---------------- 310 Mining City Reservoir, Ky -------------------------------- 903, 904 Minneiska, Minn., Lock__ ----------------------------------- 1076 Minnesota River, Minn ------------------------- ----------- 1030 Minnesota Slough, Upper Iowa River--------- --------------------- 1050 Miscellaneous civil works --------------------- ------------------ 1697 Mispillion River, Del_____--------------------------------------- 158 Mission Bay, Calif------------------------_ -- ------------------ 1320 Mississippi River: Gulf Intracoastal Waterway ---------------------------------- 455 At Canton, Mo---------------------- ----------- 1065 Baton Rouge to Gulf of Mexico, La--------------------- 470, 477 BetWeen Ohio and Missouri Rivers ----------------------------- 544 Brainerd and Grand Rapids, Minn_---------------------------- 1033 Missouri River to Minneapolis_ -_______-___-______-__ __-_ 1075 Locks and dams_ --------------------------------------- 1076 Near Aitkin, Minn _ 1046 And Leeck Rivers, Minn ------------------------------------ 1033 At New Orleans, La--------- ------------------------ 473 Reservoirs at headwaters ------------------------------------ 1027 Mississippi River Commission: Report of the President ------------------------------------- 1619 Flood control on lower Mississippi River: Alluvial valley mapping_______________________________ 1631 Arkansas River Basin ------------------------------- 1638 Bayou Courtableau Basin and Outlets------_ --------- 1637 Channel, improvement-------------------- 1632 Existing Project------------------------------------_ 1622 Floodways and Outlets------------------------------1634 Lake Pontchartrain, La__ --------------------------- 1637 Levees ______------------------------------------------- 1633 Mississippi River Improvements_ 1623 Mississippi River Tributary and outlet improvements ---- 1624 Mississippi River Tributary dams and reservoirs_ - -- 1629 Organization-----------------_ 1620 Previous Projects ----------------------------------- 1621 Red River Basin, La. and Ark-------------------------1637 St. Francis River Basin ------------------------------ 1641 Surveys, gages and observations____________ ____ ____ 1631 Yazoo Basin, Miss_- _----------------__ _.__ 1638 Mississippi Sound, Ala. and Miss---------------------------400, 439, 461 Missouri River: Agricultural levees--__ -------------------------------- 746, 747, 791 Kenslers Bend, Nebr., to Sioux City_ ---------------------- _ 785 Kansas City District________________ _________ ___- - ____- 745 Omaha District -------------------------------------------- 778 Garrison District---------------------------------------_ ---- 797 Fort Peck District ------------------------------------------ 810 At Fort Peck, Mont_ ----------------- 807 Kansas City to mouth --------------------------------------- 741 Kansas City to Sioux City _________________________-__ 772 Niobrara, Nebr -------------------------------------------- 793 Sioux City to mouth __--__ 7_________________ 745, 749 ---------------------------------- Mobile, Ala., engineering district___________ _________________ 399 Mobile Bay, Harbor, and River, Ala 400, 421 Mobile Bay, Ala. to New Orleans, La__ _______________________ - 400 Moccasin Slough, Fla_______________ __________ ___-- ____ _ 405 Mohawk Reservoir, Ohio 917 Mohicanville Reservoir, Ohio ------------------------------------- 917 INDEX 1743 Page Mokelumme River, Calif ---------------------------------------- 1434 Monarch, Wyo__ ------------------------------------------------ 816 Monett, Mo -------------------------------------------------- 736 Monie Bay, Md ----------------------------------------------- 199 Monongahela River, W. Va. and Pa -------------------------------- _ 951 Locks and Dams ------------------------------------------- 953 Flood control reservoirs---------------------------- 995 Monroe Bay and Creek, Va-_________________________________ 238 Monroe Harbor, Mich_____________ __- -- _______ 1222 Monroe, La__-------------------- 519, 524 Montello, WisWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW_ 1100 Monterey Bay and Harbor, Calif -------------------------------- 1389 Montezuma, Ga ----------------------------------------------- 448 Montgomery Lock, Pa_ _----------------- 819 Montour Falls, Oswego River Basin, N. Y -------------------------- 1286 Montville Creek, N. Y ________________________ ___________ 1286 Moorefield, W. Va --------------------------------------------- 254 Moore Haven Lock, Fla _ 369 Moores Ferry Reservoir, Va -------------------------------------- 937 Mooringsport Reservoir, La------------------------------- 454, 493, 512 Moosabec Bar, Maine__________________-___________ 39 Morehead City Harbor, N. C _________-_______-_____________---295 Morgantown Lock and Dam, W. Va 953 Mormon Channel, Calif___ --------------------------------- 1426, 1432 Morrilton West of, Arkansas, flood control______________________-___ 703 Morris Cove, Conn ---------------------------------------------- 28 Morrison, Colo------------------------------------------------_ 793 Morristown Harbor, N. Y__----- ------------------------ _ 1281 Morro Bay Harbor, Calif --------------------------------------- 1304 Moscow, Ohio ---------------------------- 905, 910 Mosquito Creek Reservoir, Ohio________ __________________ ____- 989 Moss Bluff Lock and Dam, Fla----------------- ------------------ 348 Moss Landing Harbor, Calif ----------------------------- - 1388 Moundville, Ala_ ------------------------------------------ 430 Mounds, and Mound City, Ohio River Basin, Ill_________ ____ 538, 823 Moundsville, W. Va--------------------------------- 995 Mountain Brook Reservoir, Merrimack River Basin, N. H------------42, 63 Mount Clemens, Clinton River, Mich_____ ____________ _____- - 1232 Mount Holly, Rancocas Creek, N. J__ _____________-__________ 177 Mount Hope Bay, Mass_------------------------------------------ 19 Mount Morris Reservoir, Genesee River, N. Y _ ,------------------1283 Mouth of Sangamon River, Ill ----------------------------------- 1148 Moxahala Creek, Ohio River Basin_- - - -- --------------- _ 921 Mud Lake area, Idaho ------------------------------------------ 1590 Mud Mountain Dam, Wash _________________________-___-___-__ 1577 Mulberry Creek, Va 248 :Muller Key Cut, Fla----------------------------------------_ 379 Mullet Lake, Mich -------------------------------------------- 1207 Multnomah Channel, Oreg ------------------------------------- 1520 Multnomah drainage district No. 1, Multnomah County, Oreg- ... 1539, 1541 Muncie, Ind --------------------- 894 Murderkill River, Del_______________________________ ___ 157 Murfreesboro Reservoir, Ark ------------------------------------- 524 Muscatine, Iowa, Lock and harbor______________________ 1067, 1077, 1079 Muscatine Island levee district, Iowa--______________ _________ 1070 Muskegon Harbor, Mich_________________________________ 1190 Muskingum River, Ohio_ 908 Locks and dams -------------------------------------------- 909 Flood control reservoirs --------------------------------- 916, 937 Mustang Creek, La---------------------------------------------514 Mustinka River, Minn ______________ _______1035 Myrtle Beach, S.C --------------------------------------------- 309 Mystic, Iowa_ ------------------------------------------------- 767 Mystic River, Conn-- -- -_ - - - - - - - - - - -39 Mystic River, Mass_- -- .-- 9, 39 1744 INDEX N Page Nameoki Drainage and Levee Dist., Ill___----------------.. ----. 564 Nandua Creek, Va-----_ ---------------------------------------- 279 Nansemond River, Va______---------------------------------. - 279 Nantasket Roads, Mass------------------------------------------- 9 Nanticoke, Pa ------------------------------------------------- 228 Nanticoke River (including Northwest Fork), Del. and Md --------- 216, 218 Nantucket Harbor, Mass.: Harbor of refuge -------------------------------------------- 39 Nantucket Sound, Pollock Rip Shoals, Mass_---------------------__ 16 Napa River, Calif_ ---------------------------------------- 1378, 1409 Napatree Beach, R. I -------------------------------------------- 39 Naples, Fla., to Big Marco Pass., Fla.: Channel improvement ........----------------------------------- 385, 386 Narragansett Bay and Pier, R. I_----------------------- -- ___ 21, 39 Narraguagus River, Maine___-_______________________ -___-_ 39 Narrows of Lake Champlain, N. Y. and Vt ------------------------- 95 Narrows Reservoir, Ark_ -------- 524 Naselle River, Wash ------------------------------------------- 1566 Nashua, Merrimack River Basin, N. H-------------------------42, 63, 64 Nashville, Tenn., engineering district_----- .... --------------- __- 831 Lock and Dam---- ----------------------------------------- Natalbany River, La_ -__---.___ Natchitoches Parish, La___-------------------------------- __--______------_ 835 492, 514 493, 504 Natrona, Pa_-__-__ __________------____ ___--- 945, 994 Navarro Mills Reservoir, Tex_ ------------------------------ - _ 643 Navidad River, Tex ______-_____..-___________-- Nawiliwili Harbor, T. H__--------------------------------_ _____- 609 1391 Neabsco Creek, Va -------------------------------------------- 248 Neah Bay, Wash ---------------------------------------------- 1570 Neale Sound, Md ---------------------------------------------- 248 Near Dardanelle, Arkansas River, Ark_ _---------------------- _ 703 Near Springfield on Sangamon River, Ill_-- .-.- - - -_______-_- 1152 Neches River, Tex_ ------------------------------------------575, 628 Neebish Channel, St. Marys River -------------------------------- 1161 Neenah Channel, Fox River, Wis_- - Nehalem Bay and River, Oreg--_- --- ---- _________ ___---________--__ ___ __- _ 1098 _ 1504 Nehalem, Oreg_____------------------------------- 1541 Neodesha Reservoir, Kans__ ----------------------------- __ 732, 736 Neosho (Grand) River Basin, Kans__ ----------------------------- 721 Neuse River, N. C__ ------------------------------------------- 306 Neva and Olga Straits, Alaska ----------------------------------- 1612 Neville Island, Pa ---------------------------------------------- 995 New Albany, Ind_ --.. ------------------------..-. 885, 901 New Amsterdam, Ind_ --------------------------------- _ 901,905 Newark Bay, N. J-------------------------------------------- 113 Newark, Ohio --------------------------------------- 919, 936 New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass ________________________37,39 Newbegun Creek, N. C _______________ 306 New Boston, Ill ---------------------------------------------- 1077 New Boston, Ohio --------------------------------- 931 New Buffalo Harbor, Mich_ --------------------------------- 1146 Newburg, Ind------------------------------------_ 823 Newburyport Harbor, Mass------------_ ---------------------- 39 New Castle, Del___----------------------------------------------- 115 New Cumberland, W. Va__ _____ 821,995 New Don Pedro Reservoir, Calif---------------------------------- 1449 Newell, W. Va ------------------------------------------------ 821 New England Division_________________________________-_----- -- 3 New England-New York Resources Survey--------------------- 65, 137 New Harbor, Maine ------------------------------------------ 37, 39 New Harmony Bridge, Ind________________ ________________ 901 New Harmony, Ind__________________________________ 901, 905 New Haven Conn., breakwater-- ------------ 39 New Haven Harbor, Conn- _ ------- --------- 27 INDEX 1745 Page New Haven, Mo ----------------------------------------------- 76 New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway ___________ ____ ____-- - ___ - 172 New Kensington, Pa_____ --------------------------------------- 995 New London Harbor, Conn________-________----- 39 New Martinsville, W. Va__- __________ ______-----------_ 821, 936 New New New Matamoras, Ohio Melones Reservoir, Calif_ Orleans, La.: ______ __----___ __--_____1449 936 Engineering district__________ _____ ______ - -__-_____-_ 451 Improvement of Intracoastal Waterway to Apalachee Bay, Fla------ 401 Newport, Ark---------- -- ------------------------------------ 703 Newport Bay Harbor, Calif__-------------------------------------1315 Newport Harbor, R. I---- ----- ------------------------------- 37, 39 Newport, Ky ------------------------------------------------- Newport News, Va., improvement of channel to______ Newport, Ky ------------------------------------------------- _-_______ 874 273, 279 901 Newport, Oreg ----------------------------------------------- 1509 Newport, Ohio ------------------------------------------------ 936 New Richmond, Ohio_________________________________ 822, 901, 905 New River, Fla ------------------------------------------------ 386 New River, La ------------------------------------------------ 514 New River, N. C --------------------------------------- 288, 307 New River, Va. and W. Va -------------------------------------- 914 Newry-Old Pickens Reservoir, S. C_ - -__-____ --- _____ -_______338 New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam__ ------------------------ 331 Newton Creek, N. Y ---------------------------------------- 123, 147 Newtown Creek, N. Y--- --------------------------------------- 113 New York and New Jersey Channels_-___- -__-________--____ 100 New York Bay and Harbor, N. Y--- __________________________ 101 Drift, collection and removal-___ __-___-________ _______ 99 Entrance Channels and Anchorage Areas___________ _________96 Supervision ----------------------------------------------- 111 New York engineering district__ ________________________ 67 New York (Southern) Flood Control Project_______________________ 120 Remedial works ------------------------------------------- 1271 Niagara River, N. Y_____________________________________ 1263, 1269 Niagara Special International Board _____________ ___--_____ __- 1702 Nicholasville, Ky ---------------------------------------------- 869 Nimrod Reservoir, Ark __ 698, 701 Niobrara, Nebr------------------------------------------------793 Nishnabotna River, Iowa__ ___ -_______ ____ ____---__ _-793 Nixes Mate Shoal, Mass___ 9 Nolin Reservoir, Ky -------------------------------------------- 903 Nolin River, Ky ------------------------------------------- 872,874 Nome Harbor, Alaska_______________-_ ______1605, 1612 Nomini Bay and Creek, Va -------------------------------------- 248 Nonconnah Creek, Tenn___________________ __________ - 537 Norfolk Harbor, Va.: General improvement, including main channel of Elizabeth River and portions of southern, eastern and western branches ------ 268, 273 Norfolk, Elkhorn River Basin, Nebr 787 Norfolk, Va., engineering district_________________________________ 257 Norfolk, Va. to St. Johns River, Fla., waterway- 274 Norfolk, Va., to Beaufort Inlet -------------------------------- 275, 289 Norfolk, Va., to the sounds of N. C., waterway--------------------275, 306 Norfork Reservoir, Ark__ _----------------- 695 Normal, Ky ---------------- 936 North Adams, Hoosic River Basin, Mass_______________ ________--_ 115 North Alexander Drainage and Levee District, Ill---------------------549 Northampton, Mass ---------------------------------------- 53,63,64 North Andover, Merrimack River Basin, Mass----------------------42, 63 North Bank Canal Route, Ark _______________________ North Canadian River, Okla_-_______ _________ __ 678 710 ___----- North Concho River, Tex__ 649 1746 INDEX Page Northeast Harbor, Maine_ 39 Northeast River, Md _ 189 Northeast River, N. C___--------------------------------------- 306 North Hartland Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt------------_ 53, 63 North Landing River, Va ________________ --________________ -- 274 North Little Rock, Ark_ _-----------------------------------_ 703 Northport, Ala_------------------------------------------- ---- 430 Northport Harbor, N. Y --------------------------------------- 69 North Portland Harbor, Oreg ------------------------------------ 1520 North River, Ga-- --------------------------------------------- 337 North River, N. C___--------------------------------------------- 297 North Springfield Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt--- 53, 63 Norwalk, Conn___ ------------------------------------------------- 63 Norwalk Harbor, Conn__ 35 Norwich, Channel Improvement, Conn --------------------------- __ 4963 Noxubee River, Ala. and Miss ----------------------------------- _ 444 Noyo River and Harbor, Calif_ ----------------------------------- 1369 Oahe Reservoir, S. Dak. and N. Dak----------------------------- 779 Oak Creek, Md., channel to Plain Dealing Creek ---------------------- 218 Oak Donnick Floodway, Ark ------------------------------------- 541 Oakford, Ill_ ----------------------------------------------- 1152 Oakland Harbor, Calif__ --------------------------------------- 1383 Oak Orchard Harbor, N. Y -------------------------------------- 1281 Obey River, Tenn ------------------------------------ 848, 855 Obion River, Renn-----------------------------------_ 537, 540 Occohannock Creek, Va _ 279 Occoquan Creek, Va_____ --------------------------------------- 248 Ocean City Harbor and Inlet, Md---------------------------------211 Ocean City, N. J ---------------------------------------------- 178 Oceanport Creek, N. J_ --------------------------------------- 109 Ocklockonee River, Ga. and Fla-------------------------------400, 444 Ocmulgee River, Ga -------------------------------------------- 333 Oconee River, Ga_ ---------------------------------------------- 333 Oconto Harbor, Wis --------------------------------------- 1093, 1154 Ogdensburg Harbor, N. YYYYYYYYY YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY1279 Ogleton Lake, Md_ --------------------------------------------- 219 Ohio River: Flood control in basin: Huntington district------------------------------------ 935 Louisville district----------------- ---------------------- 899 Nashville district------------------- ---------------- 862 Pittsburgh district--------------------------------------993 Improvements: Locks and dams, construction---- ------------------------ 819 Open channel work ------------------------------------- 826 Oil City, Pa--------------------------------------------------999 Okabena Creek, Minn--------------------------------__ 1072 Okeechobee-Everglades area______________________-______-- 389, 390 Okeechobee Waterway, Fla -------------------------------------- 368 Oklahoma City, floodway, North Canadian River, Okla- -------- 712 Oklawaha River, Fla ------------------------------------ 348 Olcott Harbor, N. Y --------------------------------------- 1281 Old Fort Bayou, Miss-------------------------------- ----------- 438 Old Hickory Dam and Reservoir, Tenn-----------------------------836 Old Landing, Del_ ---------------------------------------------- 163 Oldmans Creek, N. J-------------------------------------------175 Old Pass Lagoon, Fla_ _ 418 Old River, Calif_ ---------------------------------------------- 1424 Old River, La _ ----------------------------------------- --- 453, 522 Old River control Structures and Navigation Lock, La--------------- 1634 Old River, Ohio_ ------------- - -. - 1242 Old River Channel, Everett Harbor Wash_--_,_---- 1549 INDEX 1747 Page Old Town Creek, Miss ----------------- ------------------- 444 Olean on Allegheny River, N. Y ______ -995 932 Olentangy River, Ohio -------------------------------------- Olympia Harbor, Wash ----------------------------------------- .. 1570 Omaha, Nebr.: Engineering district__----- ---------------------- 771 Missouri River Basin _ --------------------- 793 Onancock River, Va -------------------------------------------- 279 Onset Bay, Mass -------- ----------------------------------- 14 Ontonagon Harbor, Mich------------------------------ --------- 1017 Oologah Reservoir, Okla--------------------- -------------------- 719 Oostanaula and Coosawattee Rivers, Ga----------------------- 444, 446 Operation Snowbound: Omaha District -------- ---------------------------------- 793 Fort Peck District------------------------------------------ 810 Optima Reservoir, Okla ----------------------------------------- 736 Orange County, Calif------------------------------------------ 1350 Orange River, Fla----------------------------------------------386 Oregon slough, Oreg --------------------------------------- 1486, 1520 Orleans, Ind--------------- --------- -------------------------- 905 Orowoc Creek, N. Y-------------------------------------------- 113 Ortona Lock, Fla--------------------------------------------- 369 Orwell Reservoir (Otter Tail River), Minn --------------------------_ 1035 Osage River, Kans. and Mo-------------------------------------- 745 Osawatomie, Kans----------------- ------------------------- 746, 767 Oscoda, Mich_ ------------------------------------------------ 1211 Osoyoos Lake Board of Control_ -________________________ 1708 Oswego Canal, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 92 Oswego Harbor and River, N. Y ---------------------------------- 1276 Otego Creek, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 120 Otselic River, N. Y-----------------------------------------121, 135 Ottawa, Kans_- -------------------- 746, 767 Otter Brook Reservoir, N. H__ ____-.- -___________ 53, 56 Otter Creek, Vt-------------------------------------- 113, 134 Otter Tail River, Minn , 1035 Ouachita River and river system, Arkansas and Louisiana-----------517, 523 Locks and dams---5----------------------------------------- 19 Ouleout Creek, N. Y -------------------------------------------- 121 Overflow Creek, Ark. and La _____________---____ __________. 529, Overton--Red River Waterway, La__--- --- ____-___--______ 453, 492 Owasco Inlet and Outlet, N. Y ________________ - -_________ 1286 Owensboro, Ky ----------------------------------------- 823, 901, 905 Owens Dam and Reservoir, Calif--------------------------------- 1454 Owls Head Harbor, Maine___-_____ __-__-_________---______ _ 39 Oxford, N. Y__------------------------------------------------- 121 Oyster Channel, Va_ -------------------------------------------- 279 Oyster Creek, Tex_ --------------------------------------------- 621 Oyster Creek Channel, N. J-_______________ ____________ ___- 168 Ozan Creek, Ark-------------------------------------------524, 526 Ozark Dam and Reservoir, Ark_ ----------------------------------- 678 Ozona Channel, Fla__ -------------------------------------------- _ 386 P Pacoima Wash Channel, Los Angeles, Calif -------------- 1328 Paducah, Ky ---------------------------------------------- 897, 901 Pagan River, Va----------------------------------------------- 279 Paint Creek Reservoir, Ohio -------------------------------------- 937 Painted Post, N. Y---------------------------------------------124 Painted Rock Reservoir, Ariz ------------------------------------ 1357 Paint Rock Paint Rock River, Al-------------- ------------------- Ala_____________ __________________ --------- 861 ______________ 861 Pajaro River, Calif -------------------------------------------- 1409 Palm Beach, Fla.: Beach Erosion Control --- --- 386 ,_ Harbor-- -- -- - -- -- --- 359 Channel- -386 1748 INDEX Page Palouse River, Idaho, Wash., Oreg ------------------------- 1590, 1595 Pamlico and Tar Rivers, N. C___________________________________ 306 Pamlico Sound, N. C.: Improvement of waterway to Avon, N. C----- --------------- _ 292 Improvement of waterway to Beaufort Harbor -------------------- 293 Improvement of waterway to Rodanthe, N. C-------------------- 306 Pamunkey River, Va ------------------------------------------- 261 Panama City Harbor, Fla_-- ____________ ___________________ ---- 416 Panther Creek Levee, I11______ll---------____________________ 1152 Parish Creek, Md ---------------------------------------------- 219 Park River, Conn ----------------------------------------------- 61 Park River, N. Dak------------------------------------------- 1040 Parkersburg, W. Va---------------__________________ ___ 821, 922, 936 Parrots Creek, Va------ ---------------------------------------- 248 Pascagoula Harbor and River, Miss________________ 434, 444 Pasquotank River, N. C., waterway from Norfolk to The St. Johns River_ 274, 307 Passaic River, N. J--------------------------------------------- 113 Passamaquoddy tidal power project, Maine_ - - -- 39 Pass Cavallo, Tex. to Port Lavaca__----______________________________ 608 Pass Christian Harbor, Miss_-- ------------___- 444 -_____________ Pass Fourchon, La --------------------------------------------- 480 Pass Manchac, La_-- ------------------------------------------ 492 Patapsco River, Md_______________ _________________-_____-_ 185 Patchogue River, Conn. to N. Y ________________________ 39, 76 Patriot, Ind___ 901, 905 Patuxent River, Md ------------------------------------------- 249 Pawcatuck River R. I., and Conn --------------------------------- 24 Paw Paw River, Mich ________-______________--------... 1179 Pawtucket, Blackstone River Basin, R. I----------------------------- 47 Pawtucket (Seekonk) River, R. I________________________------ 63 Payette River and Valley, Idaho ---------------------------------- 1590 Pearl River, Miss. and La_ 441, 444, 447 Locks---------------------------------------------------442 Pecan Bayou, Tex ------------------------------------------ 492, 650 Peconic River, N. Y--------------------------------------------113 Pecos River, near Santa Rosa, N. Mex__________________________ 668 Pecos River, Tex-----------------------------------------------674 Peekskill Harbor, N. Y_ 113 Pekin and La Marsh drainage and levee district, Illinois---------------1150 Pelican Harbor, Alaska___ ___________________________________--1612 Peltier Creek, N. C --------------------------------------------- 288 Pembina River Reservoir, N. Dak _________________ ______-_ 1034, 1051 Pembroke Creek, N. C__ 306 Pendleton Umatilla River, Oreg____________________________ 1598, 1599 Pend Oreille River and Lake, Idaho ______________________ 1571 Peninsula drainage district Nos. 1 and 2, Multnomah County, Oreg__ 1539, 1540 Pennington, Ala ----------------------------------------------- 430 Pennington Bayou, Ark--------------------------------------_ 703 Penny Slough, Rock River, Ill-_ _-------------_ 1070 Penobscot River, Maine___------------------------------------ 37, 39 Pensacola Bay and Harbor, Fla--------------------------------401, 419 Pensacola Bay, Fla. to Mobile Bay, Ala________________----------- 400 Pensacola Reservoir, Okla -------------------------------------- _ 723 Pensaukee Harbor, Wis _ ___--------------------_ 1146 Pentwater Harbor, Mich____ ________--------------- --------- 1193 Peoria Lock and Dam, Ill_------------------------------------- 1140 Pepperells Cove, Maine___-------------------------------- 39 Permanent International Association of the Congress of Navigation------ 1689 Perquimans River, N. C__-------------------------------------- 06 Perry County Drainage and Levee Districts Nos. 1, 2 and 3, Mo---------- 555 Perry Reservoir, Kans --------------------------------------- 746, 767 Perth Amboy Anchorage, N. J_ 101 Peru Indiana ------------------------------ ------------------- 905 Petaluma Creek, Calif_ 1376 Petersburg Harbor, Alaska------------------------------ 16i2 INDEX 1749 Page Peterson, Ala__ ----------------------------------------------- 430 Petit Anse Bayou, La_ ---- -____-___ - -_ 492 Petit Jean River, Ark_ - ______- ____________- -- __- __ ____- 698 Petoskey Harbor, Mich ----------------------------------------- 1227 Phelps Creek, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 122 Philadelphia Harbor, Pa ---------------------------------------- 144 Philadelphia, Pa., engineering district___ __-__ ___ - _____- _ 139 Philo, Ohio ---------------------- 909 Philpott Reservoir, Va _ --------------------------------- 283 Phoebus, Va., improvement of channel to Hampton Roads------------- 279 Pickerel Channel, Mich_ _ ------------------------------------- 1208 Pickwick Landing, Tenn___ ----------------------------------------- 844 Piedmont Reservoir, Ohio---------------------------------------- 917 Pierce, Nebr__ _ ------------------------------------------ 793 Pierre Bayou, La ------------------------ 493, 502, 503, 512 Pigeon Creek, Ill. and Ind --------------------------------------- 1063 Pigeon Point Reef, Oreg --------------------------------------- 1516 Piles Creek, N. Y ---------------------------------------------- 101 Pilot Rock, Birch Creek, Oreg ---------------------------------- 1599 Pilottown, La_ LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL- 472 Pine Bluff, Ark----------------------_ ---------------------- 523, 703 Pine Canyon Reservoir, Nev ------------------------------------- 1359 Pine Flat Reservoir, Calif--------------------------------------- 1459 Pinellas County, Fla__________________________________ ___ 386 Pine River Reservoir, Minn ---------------------------------------- 1027 Pine River, St. Clair City, Mich-__ ____ 1227 Pineville, Ky ------------------------------------------------- 849 Pineville, Red River, La__ ___ __________-______ ___----_ 493, 512 Pinner Point, Va ---------------------------------------------- 270 Pinole Shoal, Calif -------------------------------------------- 1379 Pinon Canon Dam, N. Mex_____________-__________________ 675 Pioneer Reservoir, Arikaree River, Colo. and Kans---------- _ 746,767 Pithlachascotee River, Fla____ -- ______ _____-__ - - - - 386 Pittsburgh Harbor, Pa_ -___________-----957 Pittsburgh, Pa -------------- ---------------------------------- 995 Pittsburgh, Pa, engineering district___________---- __-____ _ 943 Plain Dealing Creek, Md., channel to Oak Creek ---------------------- 218 Plaquemine Brule, Bayou, La_________ __-- -- ___________-______- 492 Plaquemine Lock, La ____ ----------------- 460 Plaquemine-Morgan City, La., Waterway---------------------------457 Platoro Reservoir, Conejos River, Colo____- -___-__-_________- __ 674 Platte River, Colo., Nebr. and Wyo___ -_________---------------793 Plattsburg Harbor, N. Y_ -------------------------------------- 113 Playa Del Rey Inlet and Basin, Calif___________ ______ -____-__-1308 Pleasant Hill Reservoir, Ohio -------------------------------- _ 917 Pleasant River, Maine 39 Pleasanton, Tex ----------------------------------------------- 655 Plentywood, Mont ------------------------------------------- 818 Plum Bayou, Ark ---------------------------------------------- 703 Plymouth Dam, Schuylkill R., Pa------------- ------------------ 148 Plymouth Harbor, Mass -------------------------------------- 37, 39 Plymouth, Pa------------ --- 228 Poca Reservoir, W. Va ------------------ -------------------- 937 Pocomoke River and Sound, Md__________- ---------------- _ 204, 214 Poe Lock, St. Mary's River, Mich_ _________-----------------1159 Point Judith, and Point Judith Pond, R. I., harbor of refuge ----------- 39 Point Lookout Harbor, Mich___ --------------------------- 1227 Point Marion, Pa_ ---------------------------------------------- 953 Point Mugu to San Pedro Breakwater Beach Erosion Control, Calif.. 1362 Point Pleasant, W. Va ------------------------------------ Pokegama Reservoir, Minn---------------_ -------------------- 936 1027 Polecat Polecat Creek, Creek, Okla __._ . .. Okla--------------------------------------------716 . 716 Pollock Rip Shoals, Nantucket Sound, Mass------- ------------------- 16 Polson Bay, Flathead Lake, Mont- ... - ------------- -- 1570 Pomeroy, Ohio--_ _----- .---- ---------- ------ 936 1750 INDEX Page Pomme de Terre Reservoir, Mo ______________ -- ---------746, 766 Pomona Reservoir, Kans_------------------------------------ 746, 767 Pompton River, Passaic River Watershed, N. J_ 135 Ponce Harbor. P. R-------------------------------------------- 387 Ponchatoula dreek and River, La__------------------------------492, 514 Pontchartrain Lake, La ------ 461 Pontiac diversion, Pawtuxet River Basin, R. I__ --------- 63 Pooles Island, Md----------------------------------------------155 Popasquash Neck, R. I______________________________-- - - -_ 21 Poplar Bluff, Mo ------------------------------------------- 685, 703 Poquonock River, Conn_______ ____________________-__ ___ 34 Portage Lake harbor of refuge, Mich____ ___--- - ___ 1018, 1199 Portagelock, Fox River, Wis --- 1100 Portage, Pa--------------------------------------------------1000 Port Alexander, Alaska___ _____________ 1612 Port Allen Harbor, T. H ---------------------------------------- 1392 Port Angeles Harbor, Wash ------------------------------------- 1570 Port Aransas-Corpus Christi Waterway_ -------------------------- 610 Port Arthur Canal, Tex ______________ __________ ____ 574 Port Austin Harbor, Mich__________ _ - -___________ - _____ 1215 Port Bay, N. Y ----------------------------------------------- Port Bolivar, Tex__ ________________________-- Port Chester Harbor, N. Y -------------------------------------- ____ _- 1281 592 113 Port Clinton Harbor, Ohio__ __________ __ -_____________- - - 1227 Port Everglades Harbor, Fla____________________ ___-___-_____ - 387 Port Gamble Harbor Wash., improvement------- --------------- _ 1590 Port Henry Harbor, N. Y_________ _________________________________ 113 Port Hueneme Harbor, Calif ------------------------------------- 1307 Port Isabel Channel, Texas-----------------------------------_ 582 Port Jefferson Harbor, N. Y_________________ _______________- __ 113 Portland Harbor, Maine_____________________________- -___ - - 4 Portland, Ohio--- ---------------------------------------- 822, 936 Portland, Oreg., engineering district__________ - -________- - - -__ 1475 Portland, Oreg_ 1489, 1496 Port Lavaca, Tex., channel from Pass Cavallo __ _ ___ _- __ _- 608 Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho------------------ 1590,1593 Port Ontario Harbor, N. Y_________________ _____________________ 1281 Port Orchard Bay, Wash ________-- ____- ___--- __-__ - - -_ 1570 Port Richmond Anchorage, Pennsylvania_------------------- 144 Port Royal Harbor, S. C _____________- - - ___________-- - - 319 Port Royal Sound, S. C _____---- -_____ 309 Port St. Joe Harbor, Fla_ ----------------- 415 Port Sanilac Harbor, Mich .... M___ ___M M____ M __M_____ _ 1216 Port Series Reports____ --------- 1617 Portsmouth Harbor, N. H. and Maine ------------------------------- 39 Portsmouth Harbor, Va., channel to Nansemond Ordnance Depot ----_ 279 Portsmouth, New Boston, Ohio______________________________ 822, 931, 936 Portsville on Allegheny River, N. Y -------------------------------- 995 Port Townsend Bay and Oak Bay, Wash. Waterway ------------------ 1570 Port Washington Harbor, Wis_______--- --------------- --- _ 1113 Port Wing Harbor, Wis_ 1010 Posten Bayou, La. and Ark_____________ ------------------- 514 Poteau River, Okla__------- ---------------------------------- 730 Potomac River: Improvement at Alexandria, Va ------------------------ 249 Improvement at Lower Cedar Point, Md---___ - - -__ -_ 249 Improvement at Mount Vernon, Va_ _ _ ___ - -____ - -____-_ 249 Improvement at Washington, D. C____________________ 231, 235 Improvement below Washington, D. C_ North Side of Washington Channel___________________________ ____-___ __________ 235, 237 234 Waterchestnut elimination__- ---------------- -_______--- 235 Potowomut River, R. I ------------------------------------------ 39 Powahatan Point, Ohio ------------------ 936. Prado Dam, Calif_ ___---- ----------------------------- 1348, 1351 Prairie du Chien, Wis., harbors ----------------------- 1079 INDEX 1751 Page Prairie du Pont drainage and levee district----_ ---------------- 561 Prairie du Rocher and vicinity, Illinois ------------------------------ 556 Prairie Portage Board of Control --------------------------------- 1707 Prattville, Autauga Creek, Ala_ ----------------------------- -_447 Prescott area, Columbia County, Oreg __--------- -- _ 1541 President Roads, Mass_______________ 8 Presidio Shoal, Calif ------------------------------------------- 1373 Presque Isle Harbor, Marquette, Mich --------------------------- 1022 Presque Isle Peninsula, Erie, Pa________________________________ 1256, 1287 Preston drainage and levee district, Illinois----- ------------- _ 550, 552 Prestonville, Ky_____________________________________ 901, 905 Price Landing, Mo --------------------------------------------- 569 Priest Rapids Dam, Wash ____________________________________ 1578 Princeton Lock and Dam, Wis ------------------------------- _ 1100 Proctor, Otter Creek,Vt___________________________________________ 134 Proctor, W. Va_ ------------------------------------------------ 936 Proctor Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex_ 646, 655 Proctorville, 'Ohio__________________________________ 822, 936 Prompton Reservoir, Lackawaxen River, Pa___ 177 Prospect Beach, Conn___________________________________ 39 Providence Harbor and River, R. I_-______________________________ 21 Provincetown Harbor, Mass___________________________________ 37, 39 Pudding River, Oreg_________________________________ 1522, 1541 Pueblo, Colo __ _ __ _ 673 Puget Island area, Wahkiakum Diking districts Nos. 1 and 3 ------------- 1539 Puget Sound and its tributary waters, Wash., improvement of 1545 Pullman, Wash ----------------------------------------------- 1599 Pultneyville Harbor, N. Y_______________________________________ 1281 Pungo River, N. C---------------------------------------------289 Punxsutawney, Pa_ ------------------------------------- 966, 995 Purgatoire River, Colo___________________________________________ 673 Put-in-Bay Harbor, Ohio_ 1227 Puyallup River, Wash., improvement of Tacoma Harbor --------------- 1576 Q Queenstown Harbor, Md- ____-_________________ ________ __ 193 Queque de Tortue Bayou, La _________________________________ 492 Quillayute River, Wash____________________________________________ 1570 Quinby Creek, Va ---------------------------------------------- 257 Quincy, Ill----------------------__ ------------------------ 1062, 1077 Quincy Shore Beach, Mass_____________________________ ______-- -- 39 Quindaro Bend, Missouri River__________________________________ 742 Quinnipiac River, Conn _____________________ 28 R Raccoon Creek, N. J_------------------------------------------- 175 Raccoon levee unit, Indiana ---------------------------------- _ 901 Racine Harbor, Wis----------- -------------------------------- 1118 Racine, Ohio_ ---------- ---------------- 936 Rahway River, N. J--------------------------------- ---------- 113 Ranier drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg ---------------- 1539, 1540 Rainy Lake Board of Control ____________ _______---------------- 1707 Raisin River, Mich_---------------------------- ---------------- 1222 Rancocas Creek or River, N. J 175 Randolph Reservoir, Va_________________ ------- ----- 281 Rapide Croche Lock and Dam, Wis_ 1099 Rappahannock River, Va__ _______________--____----------- 240, 249 Raritan Bay and River, N. J_________________------------------- 105 Improvement of channel to Arthur Kill_--------------- 101, 107 Rathbun Reservoir, Iowa_ ____________IIIIIIIIIII767 Ravenna, Ky --------------------------------------------- 869 Ravenswood, W. Va_________________- ------------------- 822, 936 Raymond, Wash ---------------------------------------------- 1580 Red Bank, N. J_ ----------------------- 109 Red Bank, Pa_ -------------------------- 995 363037-55-vol. 2-----111 1752 INDEX Page Red Fish Bay and Landing, Tex_________________ ____________ _ 581 Red Hook Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y--------------__ 81, 83, 97 Red Lake and Red Lake River, Minn-MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM_ 1033, 1038 Redmond, Utah ---------------------------------------------- 1471 Redondo Beach Harbor, Calif ------------------------------------ 1309 Red River, La., Ark., Tex., and Okla.: Below Denison Dam: New Orleans district________________________ ____ 492, 498 Tulsa district______________________________ 733, 734 Below Fulton, Ark _ ----------------- 452 From Fulton, Ark., to mouth of Washita River, Okla-------------- 706 Shreveport, La. to Jefferson, Tex _______________________ 454 Vicinity of Shreveport, La---------------------_ 493, 498. 512 Red River of the North Drainage Basin, Minn., S. Dak., and N. Dak__ 1033, 1035 Red River Parish, La _________________________________ 493, 512 Red River, Tenn ---------------------------------------------- 848 Red Rock Reservoir, Iowa___________________________________ 1069, 1070 Red Run, Clinton River, Mich______________________________________ 1231 Redstone Creek, Pa__ ____________________________________ 982 Red Willow Reservoir, Nebr___________________________________ 746, 767 Red Wing, Minn., harbor______________________________ 1078 Lock No. 3 1076 Redwood City Harbor, Calif_ ------------------------------------- 1386 Redwood River, Minn ----------------------------------------- 1054 _ Reedy Point, Md ---------------------------------------------- 155 Reevesville, Ill _________ -______________________ 901, 905 Regulation of hydraulic mining and preparation of plans --------------- 1675 Rehoboth Bay to Delaware Bay, Del__--___________-_____________ 160 Reno Beach, Lucas County, Ohio__ _________________________ 1232 Renova, Pa --------------------------------------------------- _ 223 Republican River, Kans., Colo. and Nebr-------------------------- 746 Reserved Channel, Boston Harbor, Mass____________________________ 9 Reservoirs at Headwaters of Mississippi River_ ----------------------- 1027 Restoration of Indian Fishing Grounds, Bonneville, Oreg---------------1485 Revere Beach, Mass---------------------- 39 Reynoldsville, Pa___________________________________ Reynoldsville, Pa----------------------------------------------- 965 965 Rhodes Point to Tylerton, Md ------------------------------------ _ 217 _ Rice Creek, Fla ----------------------------------------------- 387 Richland Creek, Tex_____ _____________________________ Richland Reservoir, Mo______________________________ _____ 746, 767 643 Richmond deepwater channel, Va___ _-----------------------------264 Richmond, Ky ------------------------------------------------ 869 Richmond Harbor, Calif_ 1381 Richmond Harbor, Maine_____________ _- -__-____- 39 -___________ Richmond Harbor, Va_ -------------------------------------- 264 Richmonds Island Harbor, Maine_ 39 Ridgeley, W. Va-----------------------------------------------251 Ridgeway, Pa ------------------------------------------------- 995 Rifle Cut, Ga ------------------------------------------------- _ 333 Rigolets, Gulf Intracoastal, La___________________________ _____ 402, 455 Rigolette Bayou, La- ____________ __ ____---___ ____ 506 Rimerton, Pa_ ---------------------------------------- 945 Rio Chama, N. Mex -------------------------------------------- 662 Rio Grande Floodway, N. Mex ----------------------------------- 665 Rio Grande River, Tributaries of 67 6----------------- Rio Hondo Basin, Calif_ _ ------------------------------------- 1338 _ Rio Hondo, N. Mex -------------------------------------------- 670 Ripley, Ohio_ ---------------------------------------------- 902, 905 Rising Sun,Ind -------------------------------------------- 902, 905 Md_ Riverdale, Md--------------------------------------------------249 Riverdale, 249 Riverdale, Connecticut River Basin, Mass-----------------------53, 63, 64 Riverland levee district, Missouri---------------------------------- 569 Riverside levees, Calif ---------------------------- 1356 Riverton, La___ ____-- - - - -- -_ 519 Riverview, W. Va_ 936 INDEX 1753 Page Roanoke Rapids Reservoir, N. C___________________________-_____ 281 Roanoke River Basin N. C. and Va____________________________ 280, 305, 306 John H. Kerr, Reservoir__________________________ 282 ____- Dams and Reservoirs__________ _______________________________ 281 Rochester, Ky ------------------------------------------------ 871 Rochester and McCleary's Bluff levee unit, Illinois 902 Rochester (Charlotte) Harbor, N. Y 1273 Rochester, Pa_ ----------------------------------------------- 995 Rochester Reservoir, Iowa_ 1069 Rock Hall Harbor, Md ------------------ 190 Rock Island, Ill., engineering district___ ------------------------------ 1057 Rock Island, Ill., harbor_ 1079 Rockland Harbor, Maine --------------------------------------- 39 Rockland Reservoir, Neches River, Tex -------------------- ____ 628, 631 Rockport Harbor, Maine 39 Rockport Harbor, Mass_ ---------------------------------- 39 Rockport Harbor, Tex____ ---------------- 581 Rockport, Id----------------- 902, 905 ---------------------- Rock River, Ill. and Wis --------------------------------------- 1062 Rock River Lock, Ill __ ---------------- 1059 Rocky Ford drainage and levee district, Illinois ---------------------- 1152 Rocky Fork Reservoir, Ohio -------------------------------------- 937 Rocky Pass in Keku Strait, Alaska-_________-_______--____--- - _ 1612 Rocky River, Ohio_--- -1281 Rodanthe, N. C., channel from Pamlico Sound to--------------------- 306 Rogers City Harbor, Mich____________________________________ 1227 Rogue River Harbor, Oreg ------------------------------------ 1520 Rokeby lock, Ohio_---------- --------------------------------- 909 Roland drainage district, Arkansas River, Ark------------------------703 Rollinson Channel, N. C ___________________________-____ 305, 306 Rome, Ga____ _ ----------------------------------------------- 446 Rome, Ind__------------------- 902, 905 Rome, Ohio-------------- ------------------------------------ 822 Rondout Harbor, N. Y 113 Root River, Wis --- ------------------------------------- 1051, 1118 Roseville, OhioOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO__ 921,.936 Rosiclare, Ill_ ----------------------------- 905 Rossview Reservoir, Tenn. and Ky-----------------------------863, 864 Rossville, Ga --------------------- 864 Roswell, N. Mex_ ----------------------------------------------- 670 Rouge River, Mich -------------------------------------------- _ 1219 Rough River, Ky ------------------------------------------- 874, 902 Reservoir ---------------- __ 890, 903 Round Island and Lake, Mich--------------------------____ 1161, 1205 Rouses Point, Lake Champlain, N. Y______________________________ 113 Rouseville, Pa------------------------------- ------------------ 999 Row River, Oreg ---------------------------------------------- 1530 Royal River, Maine --------------------------------------------- 39 Rubio Canyon, Diversion, Calif_ ---------------------------------- 1339 Rumsey, Ky ------------ ---------------- 871 Russell and Allison levee unit, Illinois------------------------------902 Russell Creek, S. C --------------------------------------------- 320 Russell, Ky_ --------------------------------------------------- 936 Russian River, Calif ------------------------------------------- 1403 Ruth Canal, La_ ----------------------------------------------- 507 Rutland, Otter Creek, VtVVVVVVVVVV_ VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV 134 Sabin Lock, St. Mary's River, Mich_ ------------------------------- 1159 --------------- Sabine River, La- -......... 457 Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex _____________________________ 573 Sabula, Iowa_ --------------- -------------------------------- 1068 Sackets Harbor, N. Y 1281 Saco, Mont__ --------------------------------------------- 812 ;Saco River, Maine_ 39 1754 INDEX Page Sacramento, Calif., engineering district ----------------------------- 1413 Sacramento River, Calif__ ------ ---------- 1413 Collinsville to Shasta Dam, Calif ------------------------------ 1434 Debris control--------------------- ________---- --------- 1679 Flood control------------- -------------------------------- 1681 Sag Harbor, N. Y-------------- -------------------------------- 113 Saginaw Bay and River, Mich ----------------------------------- 1212 St. Albans Harbor, Lake. Champlain, Vt ---------------------------- 113 St. Andrews Bay and Sound, Fla _ 325, 417 St. Anthony Falls Upper Lock, Minn., improvement of Mississippi River from Missouri River to Minneapolis ------------------ ___ 1076, 1078 Lower Lock and Dam -------------------------------------- 1076 St. Augustine Harbor and Inlet, Fla ----------------------------- 387 St. Catherine Sound, Md---------------------------- ----------- 249 St. Clair Flats Canal, Lake and River, Mich------------------------ 1166 Improvement of channels in Lake St. Clair---_ -------------- 1217 St. Croix River, Minn. and Wis ---------------------------------- 1031 St. Croix River, Maine ----------------- 39 St. Croix River, Maine and New Brunswick, operations of International Board of Control -------------------------------------------- 1698 St. Francis Bay and River, Ark -------------------------------- 537, 540 St. Genevieve Levee Dist. No. 1, Mo ------------------------------- 569 St. George Island, Md_ 248 St. James Harbor, Beaver Island, Mich---------------------------- 1206 St. Jeromes Creek, Md ------------------------------------------ 249 St. Johns River, Fla.: At Jacksonville_ -------------------------------------------- 345. Between Norfolk, Va., and St. Johns Riv., Fla_------------------ 274 Jacksonville to Lake Harney ---------------------------------- 387 St. Jones River, Del------------------------ -------------------- 175 St. Joseph Harbor and River, Mich., and Ind-------------------1179, 1227 St. Joseph Island, Tex 613 St. Lawrence River, improvement between Ogdensburg, N. Y., and Lake Ontario --------------------------------------------------- 1279 St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corp--------------------------- 1290 St. Lawrence River Board of Control ------------------------------ 1700 St. Louis County, Mo ------------------------------------------- 569 St. Louis;, Mo., engineering district--- ------------------------------ 543 St. Lucie Canal and River, Fla---------- ---------------------- 369, 387 St. Maries, Idaho---------------------------------------------1580 St. Marks River, Fla_____--------------- 400, 403 St. Marys, Pa ------------------------------------------------- ___ 995 St. Marys River, Ga. and Fla ------------------------------------- 337 St. Marys River, Mich-..... 1158 St. Marys, W. Va ---------------------------------------------- 936 St. Michael Canal, Alaska --------------------------------------- 1612 St. Paul Harbor, Minn ----------------------------------------- 1078 St. Paul, Minn., engineering district-------------------------------1003 St. Petersburg Harbor, Fla --------------------------------------- 387 St. Thomas Harbor; V-,I 387 Sailors Rest, Tenn --------------------------------------------- 832 Sakonnet Harbor and River, R. I 39 Salem Church Reservoir, Va -------------------------------------- 254 Salem Harbor, Mass _ 39 Salem River, N. J ---------------------------------------------- 175 Salina, Kans_ --------------------------------- 746, 760, 767 Saline Point, La -------------------------------------------- 493, 512 Saline River, Ark---------------------------------------------- 522 Salitpa, Ala -------------------------------------------------- 430 Salkahatchie River, S. C ----------------------------------------- 320 Salmon Bay, Wash -------------------------------------------- _ 1554 Salmon River, Alaska ------------------------------------------ 1613 Salmon River, Oreg 1------------------- Salt Creek, Fla. See St. Petersburg Harbor. Salt Creek, Ill-__----_ _ ------ 1152 INDEX 1755 Page Salt Creek, Kans ---------------------------------------------- 768 Salt Creek and Fork of Arkansas River, Okla 713 Salt Lake City, Jordan River, Utah_ 1468 Sampit River, S. C--------------------------------------------- 311 San Angelo Reservoir, Tex ------------------------------------- _ 649 San Antonio Creek, Calif_ -------------------------------------- 1350 San Antonio Dam, Calif ---------------------------------------- 1349 San Antonio Floodway, Tex -------------------------------------- 654 _ San Antonio River Tex ----------------------------------------- 653 San Bruno Shoal, iedwood City Harbor, Calif _--- ------ 1386 San Diego Creek, Tex --------------------------------------- 655 San Diego Harbor and River, Calif___ ------------------- 1317, 1356 San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif ---------------------------- __ 1320 Sand Hill River, Minn____ 1035 Sand Island, Wash---------------------------------_ 1500 Sandusky River and Harbor, Ohio____ 1235, 1281 Sandy Bay, Cape Ann, Mass________________________________________ 39 Sandy drainage district, Multnomah County, Oreg----------____ 1539, 1540 Sandy Hook Bay, N. J--------------------------_ 101, 108, 114 Sandy Lake Reservoir, Minn ------------------------------------ 1027 Sandy Lick Creek, Pa___ 965 Sandy Point, Conn - ------------------- _ 28 San Francisco Bay and Harbor, Calif_ 1372, 1375 San Francisco, Calif., engineering district---------------------------1365 San Gabriel River, Calif_________________________________ 1333 Sangamon River, Ill-----------------------------_-----__ 1148, 1152 San Joaquin River, Calif ----------------------------------- 1360, 1426 San Juan Dam, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif-------------------1348, 1360 San Juan Harbor, P. R___----------------- 387 San Lorenzo Creek, Calif --------------------------------------- 1405 San Lorenzo River, Calif -- ----- ---------- 1405 San Luis Obispo Harbor, Calif 1322 San Pablo Bay, Calif __ ------------------ 1379 San Pedro breakwater, Calif_ ------------------------------------- 1311 ,San Rafael Creek, Calif_ --------------------------------------- 1375 Santa Ana River, Calif ------------------------------------- 1347, 1354 Santa Anita Wash, Calif ___ 1339 __ ,Santa Barbara Harbor, Calif ------------------------------------- 1305 Santa Fe Reservoir, Los Angeles___________________________________ 1334 Channel ------------------------------------------------- 1381 Santa Maria Valley Levees, Santa Maria River Basin, Calif__---------- 1323 Santa Rosa, N. Mex_ -------------------------------------------- 668 Santee River, N. C. and S. C________________________________ 310, 320 Santiam River, Oreg 1------------------ Sapelo Harbor, Ga--------------------__ ------------------------- 337 Sapulpa, Rock Creek, Okla ________-________ -___ -________-___ 716 Sardis, Ohio_ ------------------------------------------------- 936 :Sardis Reservoir, Miss ___ ------------------------------------ 1629 Sasanoa River, Maine ------------------------------------------- 39 Sasco Hill Beach, Conn------------------------------------------ 39 Satilla River, Ga ---------------------------------------------- 337 Saugatuck Harbor, Mich___________ ________________________ _ 1183 Saugatuck River, Conn_ 40 Saugerties Harbor, N. Y----------------------------------------- 113 Sault Ste. Marie, Mich__----------------- 1158 Sauvie Island (areas A and B), Multnomah County, Oreg-- ---- _ 1539, 1541 River Dam, SavageSavae Rver Md_ amMd---------------------------------------- 254 25 Savannah, Ga., engineering district -------------------------------- 323 Savannah, Ga. to Fernandina, Fla. waterway ------------------------- 324 Savannah Harbor and River, Ga.: Improvement of harbor_____________________________________ 326 Improvement of river above Augusta --------------------------- 337 Improvement of river at Augusta------------------------------337 Improvement of river below Augusta----_ ------- 330 Savannah River Basin, Ga., and S. C------ .338 Saverton, Mo_---------0--- ------- - 1077 1756 INDEX Page Sawpit Wash., Rio Hondo Basin ---------------------------------- 1339, Sawtelle-Westwood system, Calif --------------------------------- 1342 Saylersville, Ky----------------------------------------------- 905 Scappoose drainage district, Columbia County, Oteg ------------- 1539, 1540 Scarboro River, Maine, between Prouts Neck and Pine Point- ----------- 39 Scholfield River, Oreg ------------------------------------------ 1513 Schoolfield Reservoir, Va. and N. C--------------------------------281 Schooner Bayou, La ---------------------------------------- 468, 510 Schuyler, Nebr ------------------------------------------------ 793 Schuylkill River, Pa -------------------------------------------- 149 Above Fairmont Dam--------------------------------- ------ 148 Scioto River, Portsmouth, Ohio ----------------------------------- 936 Flood control reservoirs -------------------------------------- 937 Sciotoville, Ohio ----------------------------------------------- 936 Scituate Harbor, Mass ---------------------------------------- 37, 40, Scotts Creek, Va ----------------------------------------------- 269 Scranton, Pa_ -------------------------------------------------- 229' Scranton, N. Dak -------------------------------------------- 794 Scuppernong River, N. C__ 306 Seadrift, Tex -------------------------------------------------- 582 Seahorn drainage and levee district, Illinois ------------------------- 1152 Seaside Park, Conn --------------------------------------------- 40 Seattle Harbor, Wash., improvement of Duwamish River and east and west waterways --------------------------------------------- 1555 Seattle, Wash., engineering district -------------------------------- 1545 Sebastian, FlaFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF_ 351 Sebewaing River and Harbor, Mich _ ------------ 1227 Sebewaing, Sebewaing River, Mich------------------------------ 1230' Seekonk (Pawtucket) River, R. I-------------------------- -------- 40 Seldovia Harbor, Alaska------------------------------------_ ---- 1612 Selkirk Shores, Lake Onterio, N. Y ------------ 1289' Selsers Creek, La---------------------------------------------- 515 Senecaville Reservoir, Ohio ---------------------------------- 917 Sepulveda flood control basin, Los Angeles River--------_ --------- 1328 Sevier River, Utah and Nevada ---------------------------------- 1471 Seward Alaska, Harbor of Refuge---------------------------------1607 Seward, Nebr., Big Blue River------------------------------------768:, Sewickley, Pa ------------------------------------------------- 8211 Shad Landing, Md --------------------------------------------- 204 Shallotte River, N. C-------------------------------------------306 Shallowbag (Manteo) Bay, N. C------------------------------- 305, 306 Shark River, N. J 114 Shasta Dam to Collinsville, Calif --------------------------------- 1434 Shawneetown, Ill_ ------------------------------ -- 902, 905; Sheboygan Harbor, Wis - 1111. Sheepshead Bay, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 113 Shell Creek, Ala ----------------------------------------------- 421 Shelley Area, Idaho__ -------------------------------------------- 1590, Shem Creek, S. C ---------------------------------------------- 313: Shenango Reservoir, Pa. and Ohio---------------------------------995 Sherwood Island State Park, Conn_ _ -------------- 40 Sheridan, Wyo ---------------------------------- 814 Shetucket River, Conn 26 Sheyenne River, N. Dak 1.042 1--------------------------- Shields River, Mont ---------------------------------------- 817 Shilshole Bay, Seattle, Wash_ 1570? Shinnecock Canal, N. Y_ 74 Ship Island Pass, Miss., improvement of pass and channel to Gulfport -- 439 Shipyard River, S. C-------------------------------------------317 Shoal Harbor, N. J_- 114 Shoals, east fork of White River, Ind-------------------------------905 Shore Protection Board. See Beach Erosion Board. Short Beach, Conn_ -------------------- 40 Short Cut Canal, Mich___- 1219 INDEX 1757 Page" Short Mountain Dam and Reservoir, Okla-------------------------- 678 Shreveport, La., to Jefferson, Tex., improvement of waterway-_ --------- 454 Shrewsbury River, N. J-----------------------------------------108 Shuffiebarger levee unit, Indiana-------------------------____ 902, 905 Sierra Madre Villa Channel, Rio Hondo Basin----------- 1339 Silver Beach to Cedar Beach, Conn--------------------------------- 40 Silver Creek, Ind ---------------------------------------------- 885 Silver Creek, Pa ----------------------------------------------- 964 Silver Lake Harbor, N. C -------------------------------------- 305, 306 Silver Springs Run, Fla ----------------------------------------- 349 , Sinepuxent Bay, Md -------------------------------------------- 211 Sioux City, Iowa--------------------------------742, 747, 778, 791, 793 Sioux Falls, S, Dak --------------------------------------------- 786 Siskiwit River, Wis_ -------------------------------------------- 1012 Sistersville,W.Va---------------------------------------------937 Sitka Harbor, Alaska ------------------------------------------ 1612 Siuslaw River, Oreg -------------------------------------------- 1511 Six Mile Creek, Ill --------------------------------------------- 1063 Skaggs Ferry, Black River, Ark-----------------------------------703 Skagit Bay and River, Wash_ ---------------------------- 1546, 1570, 1580 Skagway Harbor and River, Alaska--------------------------- 1612, 1613 Skamokawa Creek area, Wahkiakum County, Wash ----- - ------ 1541 Skamokawa Creek, Wash_ 1520 Skamokawa Slough, Washington ---------------------------------- 1520 Skidmore Narrows-----------------------------------------_ 324 Skipanon Channel and River, Oreg., improvement of channel 1520 Skunk Creek, S. Dak ------------------------------------------- 786 Slaughter Creek, Md__ 218 Smith Creek,Md----------------------------------------------249 Smith Creek, N. Y -------------------------------------------- 101 Smithland, Ky_ --------------------------------------------- 902, 905. Smith Mountain Reservoir, Va------------------------------------ 281 Smith River, Oreg--------------------------------------------- 1520 Smiths Creek, N. C_ -------------------------------------------- 306 Smiths Ferry, Pa_ ---------------------------------------------- 995 Smithville, Ark ------------------------------------------------ 688 Smoky Hill River, Kans 760 Smuttynose Island, Me., N. H-------------------------------------- 7 Smyrna River, Del --------------------------------------------- __ 175 Snake River, Idaho, Oreg., and Wash------- ----------------------- 1585 Snohomish River, Wash------------------------------- 1546, 1548 Fort Peck, Mont., Engineering District----------------------------- 807 Snow Hill, Md-- --------------------------------------- ------- 204 Sny Basin, IllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII_ 1062 Sny Island levee drainage district, Ill ------------------------------ 1070 Soldier Ledge Channel, Hussy Sd., Maine----------------------- 4 Somers Cove, Md------------------------------- -------------- 202 Somerville Reservoir, Yequa Creek, Tex---------------------------- 655 South Bank Arkansas River, (Head of Fourche Island to Pennington Bayou) Ark ------------------------- 703 South Beardstown drainage and levee district, Ill__ -- - 1151, 1152 South Bristol Harbor, Maine_------------------------- 40 South Coventry Reservoir, Conn_ 49, 63 Southern New York Flood Control Project 120, Dams and Reservoirs_ --------------------------------------- 128 Local flood protection works---------------------------------- 129 South Fork of Cumberland River, Ky------------------------------ 848: South Haven Harbor, Mich., improvement---------------------- - 1181 South Mills, N. C_ 275 South Milwaukee Harbor, Wis_ ----------------------------------- 1146 South Pass, La. ---------------------------------- 472 South Platte River Basin, Colo ---------------------------------- 789, River Levees and Channel Improvements Chatfield Reservoir to Fort Morgan, Colo_ -------- -------- 791 1758 INDEX Page :South Plymouth Reservoir, Canasawacta Creek, N. Y --------------- 134 South Point, Ohio ------------ 937 Southport Beach, Conn ______ __- _ _______ 40 Southport Harbor, Conn _____________________________________ 40 South Portsmouth, Ky------------------------- 937 South Quincy,Ill_ ------------------------------------------ 1070 South River, Mo 1070 South River, N. C_-- 306 South Slough, Ill - 1061 South Tunbridge Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt___ --- 53, 63 Southwest Pass, La __________________ ___ 472 Sowashee Creek, Meridian, Miss ------- 448 Spanish Fork River, Utah _- - 1469 Sparkman Channel, Fla 379 Spokane River, Wash. and Idaho ------ 1580 Spoon River, Ill_ 1153 Spottsville, Ky__ 871 Spring Creek, S. Dak------------------- 793 Springdale, Connecticut River Basin, Mass - - - - 53, 63, 64 Springfield, Connecticut River Basin, Mass----- - -_ 53, 63, 64 Spring Lake, Ill--------------------------------------- 1152 Spring Lake, Mich___ ------------------------------------ 1188 Spring Point, Me_ 4 Spring River, Mo---------------------------- -------------- 722 Spuyten Duyvil Creek, N. Y- ---- 85 Squaw Creek, Okla______________ Stage Harbor, Mass----------- ____________________________ ------------------- 738 38 Stamford Harbor, Conn___________- 37, 40 :Stanislaus River, Calif --------- 1448 Star Island, Me., N. H__ ---- 7 Starlings Creek, Va --- -- -------- 207 Starved Rock Lock and Dam, Ill 1140 State Ditch, N. Y-- --------------------------------------- 1286 ;Steele Bayou, Miss----------- ----------------------- --- 522' Steer Creek, W. Va------------------------------------ 937 Steinhatchee River, Fla_----------- ------------------- 387 Sterlington Reach, La_----------------------------- 519 Steubenville, Ohio _ ___________ ---- 821 Stewart Canyon Debris Basin, Ventura River Basin, Calif_-- - 1360 Stewarts Ferry Reservoir, Tenn---------------------------- 863, 864 Stikine River, Alaska__----------------------- -- - 1612 Stillaguamish River, Wash_ 1570, 1573 Stillwater Harbor, Minn___---- ----------------------- 1031 StillwaterReservoir, Pa ------------------------------ ------ 228 Stockport, Ohio----------------------------------------------- 909 Stockton Channel, San Joaquin River, Calif., improvement--------- 1426, 1432 Stockton Harbor, Maine_-- 40 'Stockton Reservoir, Mo--------------- ------------------------ 746, 767 Stone Horse Shoals, Mass----------- ---------------------- 17 :Stonington Harbor, Conn----------------------------------------- 40 Stony Creek, Calif-------------------------------------------- 1435 Stony Point, New York----------- ------------------- ---------- 1261 Strattonville, Ohio-------- -------------------------------- 821, 995 Strawn Reservoir, Kans------------- ----------------------------- 721 Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing, Ill- 558 Stuart Reservoir, Va--------------------------------------------- 281 Stumpy Pt. Bay, N. C__------------------------------------ 305, 306 Sturgeon Bay and Lake Michigan Ship Canal, Wis----------------- 1102 Sturgis, Ky --------------------------------------------------- 902 Success Reservoir, Calif_ --- ----- -------- 1462 Sugar Creek levee unit, Indiana ------------------- ------- 902 Sugar Hill Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H- 53,63 Suisun Bay Channel, Calif-------------------------- --- 1414, 1422 Suisun Channel, Calif_ --------------------- 1421 Sullivan Falls Habor, Maine- ------------- ------ 40 INDEX 1759 Page Sulphur Creek, Tex--------------------------------------------646 Sulphur River, Tex. and Ark-----------------------_ 492, 494, 515 Summersville Reservoir, W. Va-__------------------ ----------- 937 Sumpawanus (Babylon Creek) Inlet, N. Y 113 Sunbury, Pa_-__------ --------- 228 Sunday Creek, Ohio------------------------- 922 Superior Harbor, Wis _________________________________________ 1008 Supervision of the Harbor of New York _ --------------------- - 111 Surplus Canal, Utah_--------------------------------- 1468 Surry Mountain Reservoir, N. H ----------------------- 53, 55 Surveys Interoceanic Canal------------------------------------ 1693 Of Northern and Northwestern Lakes--------------------------1293 Susquehanna River, Pa., Md., and N. Y. Above and below Havre de Grace, Md --------------------------------------- 123, 218 West Branch of_---------------------------- -- - - 222 Sutton Reservoir, W. Va______________________________________ 926, 937 Suwanee River, Fla. and Ga------------------------ - 387 Swan Creek,' N. Dak-------------------------_ 1053 Swan Creek Inlet, Md_ 190 Swan Island, Wash---------------------------------_ ----------- 1496 Swan Lake, Ark ----------------------------------------------- 515 Swan Quarter Bay, N. C., to Deep Bay, N. C., waterway--- ---- 306 Swanton Harbor, Vt _- 113 Swift Creek, N. C_ ---- _ - 306 Swiger, Whitney, Young-Hoblit levee, Illinois_________________________ 1152 _ Swinomish Slough, Wash --------------------------------------- 1547 Swoyersville, Pa ----------------------------------------- 219 Sycamore, Wash., Los Angeles River Basin -------------- 1328 Syracuse, Ohio ------------------------------------------- 937 Syracuse, Oswego River Basin, N. Y-- 1286 T Taber Reservoir, Va -_ -- --- ---- ------- 281 Table Mound Reservoir, Kans------------------------------- ----- 732 Table Mountain Reservoir, (Iron Canyon), Calif-_ ------------------ 1437 Table Rock Reservoir, Mo --------------------------------- 691 Tacoma Harbor, Wash____---------------------------- 1546, 1558, 1576 Tallahatchie River, Miss ---------------------------------- 522 Tallapoosa River, Ala _ 444 Tallow Hill Reservoir, Ga_--------------- 338 Tampa Bay and Harbor, Fla------------------------------------- 377 Tanana River, Alaska-----------------------------------------1612 Tangier Channel, Va _ 200, 208 Tangipahoa River, La ------------------------------------------- 492 Tappan Reservoir, Ohio ------------------------------------------ 917 Tar Bay, Md -------------------------------------------------- 195 Tar Creek, Ill ------------------------------------------------- 1152 Tarentum, Pa ------------------------------------------------- 994 Tar River and Creek,N. C ------------------------------------ 306,307 Taunton River Mass ------------------------------------------- 1940 Taylor Falls, Minn --------------------------------------------- 1032 Taylors Bayou, Tex --------------------------------------------- 574 Taylors Creek, N. C --------------------------------------------- 297 Taylorsville, Ky -------------------------------------------- 902, 905 Tchula Lake, Miss ---------------------------------------------- 522 Tell City, Ind ---------------------------------------------- 889,902 Templeton, Pa ------------------------------------------------ 945 Tenants Harbor, Maine 40 Tenasillahe Island, Clatsop County, Oreg----------------------- 1539, 1540 Tenkiller Ferry Reservoir, Okla ------------------------------------ 728 Tennessee River, Tenn., Ala., and Ky ------------------------------- 842 Locks and dams_ -------------------------------------------- 844 Tensas River, Ark., and La --------------------------------------- 522 Terminus Reservoir, Calif-----_ -------- - --- 1462 1760 INDEX Page Terrebonne Bayou, La____ - -_____ -_____------------___ 492 Terre Haute, Ind ---------------------------------------------- 905 Terre Noire Creek, Ark____- -________-____-________ 524, 526 Teton River, Idaho ------------. ------ 1590 Texarkana Reservoir, Tex ------------------------------------ 493, 494 Texas City Channel, Tex - 590 Thames River Basin, Conn., R. I., and Mass--- --------- _ _-- -------- 48 Thames River, Conn ----------------------------------------- --- 26 'The Inland Route, Mich_______ __ 1207 The Island Reservoir, Vt___________ __-____-__-__-_____ 53, 63 Thimble Shoal Channel and Norfolk Harbor, Va -- 263 Thomaston Reservoir, Housatonic River Basin, Conn_--- - ------- 63 'Thompson Lake Drainage and Levee District, Ill-___-----------_ --- 1152 Thoroughfare Bay with Cedar Bay, N. C., channel connecting ------------ 306 Three Islands Reservoir, Tenn_-------------------------- -- - 863, 864 Three Mile Creek, Mobile River, Ala_______________________________ 422 Tidal Basin, D. C ------------------- 232 Tigre Bayou, La ----------------------------------------------- 492 Tilghman Island Harbor, Md______________________ ____________ 218 Tillamook Bay, bar, and entrance, Oregon --------------------------- 1505 Tionesta Reservoir, Pa _________________ ______ __ 959, 995 Tioughnioga River, N. Y -------------------------------------- 122 Toby Creek, Pa ------------------------------------------------ _ 221 Tolars Landing, N. C ___________________-__________ _______ 300 Toledo Harbor, Ohio ------------------------------------------- 1224 Tolu,Ky_ ------------------------------------------- 902, 905 Tombigbee River, Ala.and Miss________- - 428,447 -____-______________ Tombigbee and Tennessee Waterway_ _____-_____-- -______ ____ _ 444 Tom Jenkins Reservoir (Burr Oak), Ohio------------------------- 922, 939 Toms River, N. J ----------------------------------------------- 175 Tonawanda Creek, N. Y __------------ 1265, 1281 Tonawanda Harbor, N. Y -------------------------------------- 1263 Tongue River Reservoir, N. Dak------------------------------1034, 1051 Topeka, Kans -------------------------------------------- 746, 763 Toronto Reservoir, Kans ----------------------------------------- 718 Totuskey Creek, Va__ -------------------------------------------- 241 Touchet River, Wash______________ __ ____________ - ___ 1590 Town Creek, Md ----------------------------------------------- 218 'Town Creek, S. C----------------------------------------------313 Town River, Mass ------------------------------------------- 12 Townshend Reservoir, Vt__ _________ - __-__ __- __ 53, 63 Trabuco Dam, Calif --------------------------------------- 1348, 1360 Tradewater River, Ky__________________ _____________ __ 874 Tranquitas Creek, Tex_________________________________ _ 656 Transportation Series Report__ __- _________________________ 1617 Traverse City Harbor, Mich____________________________________ .1203 Treatment of Yuba River Debris Situation 1677 Tred Avon River, Md_ 218 Trempealeau, Wis. Lock ---------------------------------------- 1076 Trent River, N. C---------------------------__---------------- 306, 309 Trenton Channel, Mich____ ------- 1173 Tribell Shoal Channel, Va_ -------------- -- 265 Trinidad, Purgatoire River, Colo__ _________________________-____-- 673 Trinity River and Tributaries, Tex_ _ __-___ Tri Pond levee unit, Illinois___ __________ _____________ -599, - 621, 631 902 ____ _____-- Troy,Ind_ --------------------- 902, 905 'Troy, N. Y---------------------------------------------------- 89 Truckee River and Tributaries, Calif____--------------------------- 1467 Tuckahoe River, Md ---------------------------------- 218 Tucker Lake, Ark.- ______- - -__________- ______- --- _____-_ 703 Tuckerton Creek, N. J - ------------------ --------- 167 Tucumcari, N. Mex---------------------------------------------661 Tujunga Wash channel, Los Angeles River Basin _ _ _ _ __ _ __ 1328 TuleLake,Tex_ ----------- --- - ------ 611 Tule River,Calif-_ ------------ _---------------- 1462 INDEX 1761 Page Tulare Lake, Calif_ --------------------------------------------- 1459 Tully Reservoir, Mass_____-____-______-___________ 53, 58 Tulsa and West Tulsa, Arkansas River, Okla-_--.. 736 Tulsa, Okla., engineering district________ -___-____________ ___ 705 Tunungwant Creek, Pa__- -- _________-------.---- 958 Tuolumne River, Calif_ .... -_________- _________ - __- -___ 1448 Turners Cut, N. C------------------ ---------------------------- 274 Turtle Creek Reservoir, Pa_____________-- Tuscaloosa, Ala------------------------------------------------_ ___- ______ 995 430 Tucson diversion Channel, Gila River Basin, Ariz__ --- __ __ __ -- 1360 Tuttle Creek Reservoir, Kans____________----------__ Twelve Pole Creek, W. Va., flood control reservoir ---------------------- ___- _ 746, 762 937 Twitch Cove, Md----------------------__------------------------206 Two Harbors (Agate Bay), Minn ---------------------------------- 1005 'Two Rivers Harbor, Wis 1107 Two Rivers Reservoir, Rio Hondo, near Roswell, N. Mex---- --------- _ 670 TyaskinCreek, Md__-------- ____ -______-__-- - ___---- ___-- 218 Tygart River Dam, W. Va_ -------------------------------------- 947 Tylerton, Md ------------------------------------------------- 217 Tyrone, Pa_ ---------------------------------------- 228 U Umatilla Harbor, Oreg _____________________ _________________- - 1589 Umatilla River, Oreg_ ------------------------------------------- 1590 Umpqua Harbor and River, Oreg_________________--_-_--- -_ 1512, 1541 Union Creek, S. Dak -------------------------------------------- 794 Union River, Maine --------------------------------------------- 40 Uniontown, Ky__________________ ___________ _ 823, 891, 902 Uniontown, Pa------------------------_ ----------------------- 982 Union township Drainage District Levee, Mo ------------------- 1069, 1070 Union Village Reservoir, Vt ------------------------------------ 53,54 Upper Chipola River, Fla _ 444 Upper Grays River Area, Wash _ _________________ ____________1541 Upper Iowa River, Iowa ----------------------------------------- 1050 Upper Machodoc Creek, Va_ 249 Upper Mississippi River Basin: Coralville Reservoir, Iowa ___________- -________________-- 1065 Rock Island Dist------------------------------------------ 1.068 St. Louis Dist ----------------------------------------------- 566, 568 Chicago Dist--------------------------------------___ ------------ 1151 St. St. Paul Dist---------------------------------------------------1051 Dist _______ 1051 Upper Narrows (Harry L. Englebright) Reservoir ---------------------- 1679 Upper Puyallup River, Wash__------------------------------ --- 1580 Upper St. Johns River, Fla ______________________________________ 388 Upper Thoroughfare, Deal Island, Md__ __-____-________-______ -218 Upper White River, Ark -------------------------------------------- 685 Upshur Bay, Va_ --------------------------------------------------- 257 UTrbanna Creek, Va _------------------ 249 U. S. Lake Survey------------------------------------------------- 1293 Utica, Ind------ ----------------------------------------------- 902, 905 V Valdez Harbor, Alaska ----------------------------------------- 1612 Valley Center and Wichita, Kans------------------------------ 707 Valley View, Ky ---------------------------------------------- 869 Van Buren, Arkansas River, Ark____________________________ 703 ____ Vanceburg, Ky ---------------------------------------------------- 937 Vancouver, Wash, Columbia River--------------------------------1486 Venice, Calif_ __ 1308 Venice Drainage and Levee District, Ill________________ ___________ 564 Venice Inlet, Fla __ ---------------- 375 Ventura, Ventura River Basin, Calif ----------------------------- 1360, 1361 Verdigris River, Ark. and Okla_-------------------------------------- 678 Verdigris River, Kans. and Okla____ 736 Verdugo Wash., Los Angeles River Basin----------. 1328 1762 INDEX Page Vermilion Bay and River, La___________________ ___-___-- ___ 456, 507 Vermilion Bayou, La_ 492 Vermilion Lock, La________________ 460 Vermilion Harbor, Ohio 1281 Vermilion to Sheffield Lake Village, Ohio_ 1289 Vermilion River, S. Dak____________________________________ 795 Vero Beach, Fla_ 351 Versailles, Ky__ -- -- 869 Vevay, Ind-_ 902,905 Vicksburg, Miss., engineering district- -- - - - 517 Vicksburg, Miss., Harbor_ Vickbur, Mss. Habor------------------------------------- 1642 Victory Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt_- _ 53, 63 Vidal Shoals, St. Marys River_______________________ ___ 1161 Villa Park Dam, Calif__-. -- - 1360, 1348 Village Creek, White River and Mayberry districts, Ark-___ 703 Vincennes, Ind__ _ 893, 902 Vincent Bayou, La_ - - - - - - 514 Vineyard haven Harbor, Mass__- 16, 40 Vinton Waterway, La_________________ _________________492 Virginia Channel, D. C__ __________________________ __ 231 Virginia Land Cut, Va_ --- 274 W Wabash, Ind_ ------ ------ 905 Wabash.River, Ind. and Ill-----------------------------------893, 903 Wabasha, Minn., harbor_ 1079 Waccamaw River, N. C. and S. C _ 320 Waco Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex________________________________ 646, 648 Waddington Harbor, N. Y_____________________________________ 1281 Wahkiakum Diking District No. 4, Oreg... 1539 Wahpeton-Breckenridge, Boise de Sioux and Red Rivers --- 1035 Waikiki Beach, T. H., Beach Erosion Control__ 1411 Wailoa Stream and tributaries, T. H- Wake Island Harbor___ -____ --. _ - 1408 1403 Waldo Lake, Oreg_ ------------------------------------- 1522, 1541 Walla Walla, Wash., Engineering District _ 1585 Walla Walla River, Wash ------------------ 1596 Wallabout Channel, N.Y--------------- _ 113 Wallace Bayou, I a_ - 515 Wallace Channel, Pamlico Sound, N. C 305, 306 Wallace Lake Reservoir, La_____________________________________ 493, 501 Wallace, W. Va _____________ ---- --- 1000 Walluski River, Clatsop County, Oreg _ 1541 Walnut Creek drainage area, Calif-. 1335 Wapato Waterway, Tacoma Harbor, Wash- 1559 Wappapello Res, Mo--------_ 1629 Wappinger Creek, N. Y 113 Wareham Harbor, Mass______________ _________ ________ _ 40 Warm Creek, Calif-__ 1355 Warren River, R. I _-_- --- - 40 Warrenton diking district No. 1, Clatsop County, GOreg - ------------ 1540 Warrenton diking district No. 2, Clatsop County, Oreg ---------------- 1540 Warrenton diking district No. 3, Clatsop County, Oreg... - - - 1540 Warrior Lock and Dam, Ala _____ _____________ ___________ 431 Warrior River, Ala_--- 428 Warroad Harbor and River, Minn. _ 1024 Warwick River, Md 218 Warwood, W. Va-_ ____ 821,995 Washington Bayou and Lake, Miss--- ---------- Washington Canal and South River, N. J- - - - - - _---_ 522 114 - Washington, D. C.: Aqueduct_ ---------------------------------------------- 243 Engineering district_______________________--231 Potomac River------------ ------------------------------- 235 Harbor at_ ----------------------------------------------- 231 INDEX 1763 Page Washington Island Harbors, Wis 1146 Washington Lake, Calif_ 1414 Washita River, Okla_---------- ------------------------------- 733 Watch Hill Cove, R. I. and Conn_-- ---- 25 Waterbury Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt___---- 134 Waterchestnut elimination, Washington, D. C 235 ---- Wateree River, S. C_----------------------------------- --- 320 Waterford, N.Y-- -- ___-93 Waterford, Hudson and Mohawk Rivers, N. Y____--- 134 Water hyacinths, removal of, from Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisi- ana and Texas waters -------------------------------- 384, 425, 490 Waterloo, Nebr_--------- ------------------------------------ 793 Water Valley Reservoir, Ark_--- 688 Waterway on Coast of Virginia-------- ------------------------- 209 Waterway Connecting Tombigbee and Tennessee Rivers, Ala. and Miss__ 444 Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss------------------ 1687 Watkins Glen, Oswego River Basin, N. Y - 1286 Watson Bayou, Fla--------------------- ------------------------ 416 Watson, Minn --------------------- --- - -- 1048 Watts Bar, Tenn ------------- 844 Watts levee, Illinois --------------- - - -- ------ 1152 Waukegan Harbor, Ill------------------------------------------1122 Waverly, W. Va _ --- ----------- 937 Way Cake Creek, N. J ---------------- 114 Waynesboro, Va -------------- 254 Webb District Improvement Co., Columbia County, Oreg_ 1540 Webbers Falls Dam and Reservoir, Okla -- 678 Webster Cove, Md ----------- 198 Weehawken-Edgewater Channel, N. Y. Harbor, N. Y ------------------ 86 Weiser River, Idaho _ --------------------------------------- ---- 1590 Welles Harbor, Midway Island ----------------------------------- 1403 Wellfleet Harbor, Mass- __ - - -- 40 Wellsburg, W. Va---------------------------- - 821,995 Wells Cove, Md----------------------------------------------- 192 Wells Harbor, Maine. -------------------------------------------- 40 Wellsville, N. Y ---------------------------------------------- 1282 Wellsville, Ohio ----------------------------------------- 992, 995 Wenatchee River, Wash__ ------------------------------------- 1570 Wenona, Md--- ---------------------------------------------- 200 West Bridgewater, Pa__------ 995 West Brookfield Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Mass- -- 53, 63 West Canaan Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H----------__ 63 Westchester Creek, N. Y_---------------------------------------68 Westcott Cove, Conn----------- - 40 Westerly Colo Creek, Cob------- Westerly Creek, ------------------------------- 790794 West Fork of Mill Creek Reservoir, Ohio 878, 903 West Fork River, W. Va- WestForRivr, . V ------------------------------------- 937 93 West Hill Reservoir, Blackstone River Basin, Mass------------------47. 63 Westland District Improvement Co., Columbia County, Oreg----------- 1540 West Matanzas, Ill-- ----------------------------------------- 1152 West Monroe, La----------------------------------------------_ 524 West of Benedict, Kans _ ----------------- 736 West of Elk City, Kans -------------- - - -- 736 West of Fredonia, Kans_ - - -- - - 736 West of Morrilton, Ark.----------------------------------------- 703 Weston, Ky_ ___ - 823 West Oneonta Reservoir, N. Y------------------ -- 120 West Point, Ga ------------------------------- --- 444 West Point, Ky__ -__ 823, 902 West Point, Nebr----------------------------------------------_ 793 Westport District, Oreg ---------------------------------------- 1541 Westport Harbor, Conn ------------------------------------- 40 Westport, Ky__-------------------------------------------- 902, 905 Westport River, Mass_----------- ------- - 40 Westport Slough, Oreg- ----- _ - ----------- 1520 1764 INDEX Page West River, Conn----------------------------------------------- 28 West Springfield, Mass_______________________________ ________ 64 West Terre Haute, Ind_______________________ ___-______ 902 Westville Reservoir, Mass ______________________________________ 64 Weymouth Back River, Mass___________ _- - __________ ____ 40 Weymouth Fore River, Mass -----------------------------------12,40 Wheeling-Benwood, W. Va-______________ _________________-___- 995 Whitefish Point HPrbor, Mich___------------------------- 1227 Whitebird Creek, Idaho_______________________________________ 1590 White Lake to Pecan Island, La______________________ ______ -__ 510 White Lake Harbor, Mich______ ______________________-- - -_ 1192 White Oak Bayou, Tex______________________- -____ __--__ 595, 1622 White Oak Levees, Cape Fear River, N. C __________ ____________-__ 307 White River, Ark. (below Peach Orchard Bluff)------------------- 537, 685 White River Basin: Little Rock District______ -__________ - ______ __- 678, 687 White River, Ind_ ---------------------------------------------- 874 White River, Wash _ --------------------------------------- 1577 Whitings Creek, Va -------------------------------------------- 249 Whitlow Ranch Reservoir, Queen Creek, Ariz____________________ __ 1360 Whitney Point, N. Y ------------------------------------------- 122 Whitney Point Reservoir, N. Y ____----- ____---- ___ - ___ -_ 121 Whitney Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex_____ __ - - - 644 Whittier Narrows flood control Reservoir, Calif------------_ ---- _ 1335 Wichita and Valley Center, Kans_________ ___________- _____ __ 707 Wickford Harbor, R. I___- ________________- -__-______ _ 3740 Wicomico River, Md ------------------------------------------ 198 Wiedmer, Chemicals drainage and levee district, Missouri -------------- 569 Wilcox, Pa_____ ----------------------------------------------- 997 Wilder, Ky_ ----------------------------------------- 902, 905 Wild Rice River, Minn, _ 1035 Wiley Creek Dam, Oreg __________________-- ________ ___ 1522, 1541 Wilkes-Barre--Hanover Township, Pa______- __________ -- -__ _ 228 Willapa Harbor and River, Wash_ 1566 Willamette River, Oreg.: Bank protection-__- ------- ___ ___---------1522, 1536 Flood control in basin----------------------------------1521, 1541 Improvement above Portland, and Yamhill River-----------------1489 Improvement at Willamette Falls ____ ______________-- - -_ 1492 Williamsport, Pa _ _--------------------------------------- 224 Williamstown, W. Va_ ------------------------------ -- - _ 937 Williamsville Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt 64 Willoughby Channel, Va_ ______________----- -- 279 Willow, Ky --------------------------------------------------- 869 Willow Creek, Colo_ __-____ -__________________- - 693 Wills Creek Reservoir, Ohio __-______________- _______ ____--__ 917 Wills Creek, W. Va --------------------------------------------- _ 251 Wilmington Harbor, Del__ ____-____ _____-__ - -______ -____ 151 Wil ington, N. C.: Cape Fear River, above_ ____________- - -_______ ___----- -299 Harbor -------------------------------------------------- 302 Wilmington, N. C., engineering district __________________________ _ 287 Wilmore, Pa------------- -------------------- ---------------- 1000 Wilson and Wenkel and Prairie Du Pont drainage and levee districts, Illi- nois ---------- ---- ------------------- ---------------------- 561 Wilson Harbor N. Y ------------------------------------------ 1281 Wilson Point Harbor, Conn__________________________________ 40 Wilson, Ala_ --------------------- 844 Winchester Bay, Oreg ______ _____-_________________ 1513 Winfield, Kans------------------------------------------------736 Winfield, W. Va ----------------------------------------------- 912 Wings Neck, Mass ---------------------------------------------- __ 13 Winnetka, Ill ----------------------------------------------- 1155 Winnibigoshish Reservoir, Minn 1027 INDEX 1765 Page Winona, Minn., basin ______ - - -__________--________- 1078, 1079 Lock---_ ----------------------------------------------- 1076 Winooski River, Vt _--------------------------------------- 134 Winsted Connecticut River Basin, Conn___-_______________ ___53, 64 Winter Harbor, Va--------------------------------------------- 279 Winthrop Beach, and Harbor, Mass______________ __________ --- __ 40 Winyah Bay, S. C --------------------------------------------- _ 309 Wisconsin River, Wis____ _____ ------ ---- 1033 Wister Reservoir, Okla ___ -------------------------------------- 730 Withlacoochee River, Fla___-___ -- _______________ ______ 387 Wolf Creek, Iowa ---------------------------------------------- 786 Wolf Creek Reservoir, Ky________________----- _____________ 852, 863 Wolf Creek, Okla__ ---------------------------------------------- 710 Wolf River, Tenn. and Miss _______________-________________ 440, 537 Wolf River (Memphis Harbor), Tenn_ _____-____-_____________ Wolf River, Wis---------------------------------------------1098 535 Woodbridge Creek, N. J 113 Woodbury, Ky------------------------------_ ------------------ 871 Woodbury Creek, N. J_ 175 Wood Island Harbor, Maine, and the Pool at Biddeford ---------------- 40 Woodland, W. Va-------------------------- -------------------- 521 Woodlands, W. Va --------------------------------------------- 937 Woodmont Shore, Conn __ 40 Wood River drainage and levee district, Illinois 565 Woods Hole Channel, Mass_______________ ________________ 40 Woodson drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg -------------- 1539, 1540 Woonsocket, Blackstone River Basin, R. I___________________________ 47 Worcester diversion, Blackstone River Basin, Mass__----------------- 47, 64 Wrangell Harbor, Alaska________________________________ ________ 1612 Wrangell Narrows, Alaska________________________________ 1611 Wrightsville, Winooski River Basin, VtVVVV .... VVVVVVVV_ 134 Y Yadkin River, N. C________________________________ 320, 321 Yakima River, Wash___ ____ ___ ____________________1580 Yalobusha River, Miss__ ______________- -- ______ ___-____ ___ 522 Yamhill River, Oreg__ ------------------------------------------ 1489 Yaquina Bay, Harbor, and River, Oreg _____________ ______- 1509, 1520 Yazoo River, Miss________ _____________________________522 Ybor Channel, Fla--- ------------------------------------------ 379 Yegua Creek, Tex --------------------------------------------- 655 Yellow Bank River, Minn___________________________________ ___ 1051 Yellow Creek, Ky ---------------------------------------------- 848 Yellow Mill Pond, Conn_ 34 Yellowstone River Basin, Mont. and Wyo------------------------813, 814 Yellow Water River, La___________________________________________ 515 York Harbor, Maine ------------------------------------------ 37,40 York, P----------------- ---------------------------------------- 227 York River, Va ----------------------------------------------- 279 York Roller Mill Dam, Pa__________________ York Spit Channel, Va ------------------------------------------ ______________ 227 259 Youghiogheny River, Pa_____ _______- -___ - -__________ 956 Flood control reservoir_--------------------------------____ 982 Youngs Bay and River, Oreg-------------------------------- _ 1520 Youngs River Dikes, Clatsop County, Oreg_______________________ 1541 Yuba River, Calif., treatment of debris situation, construction of restrain- ing dams--------------------------------------------------1677 Z Zanesville, Ohio --- ___------- _________________--909, - -- 937 Zippel Bay Harbor Minn., improvement _ .______ __---__.___ 1033 Zuniga Shoal, San Diego Harbor_----- - ___--- ------------ - - 1517 PRINTING OFFICE: 1955 U. S. GOVERNMENT